{
 "name": "booru-lighting-tagger",
 "version": "2.0.0",
 "release_date": "2026-11-02",
 "internal_name": "eleve-v20",
 "base_model": {
  "repo": "SmilingWolf/wd-eva02-large-tagger-v3",
  "revision": "b25b82a03f7282e41aa2f257a52c7583b710bd1c"
 },
 "trained_blocks": 16,
 "target": "ordinal",
 "ordinal_steps": 10,
 "preprocessing": "pad to a square on white (centered, no crop), base model timm transform (448 x 448, bicubic), RGB -> BGR",
 "seeds": [
  {
   "file": "seed0.safetensors",
   "seed": 0,
   "best_epoch": 3.0
  },
  {
   "file": "seed1.safetensors",
   "seed": 1,
   "best_epoch": 6.0
  },
  {
   "file": "seed2.safetensors",
   "seed": 2,
   "best_epoch": 6.0
  }
 ],
 "teacher": {
  "model": "Claude Opus 5.5 (claude-opus-5-5)",
  "guideline": "v2.4",
  "scale": "0-10"
 },
 "general_rules": "The light is judged, not the drawing style: cel-shading, inking, shading habits, a drawn pattern (clothing with a water or star print) or the overall palette of the image (color grading, duotone, monochrome) are not enough, unless a label's definition says otherwise (hard_lighting, soft_lighting, colored_shadow, shaded_face). With several subjects, a label applies as soon as one subject, or a notable area of the image, shows the effect: secondary characters, the background and the scenery count too. Labels are not exclusive: a diagonal light can be both side and under lighting, a backlight can also give rim light. For direction and color, the source may be off-frame. For an artificial source (screen, candles, fire), the source or its glow must be in the image. Sunlight and moonlight are recognizable by themselves. If the lighting is inconsistent, the dominant effect is judged. A real but subtle effect gets a middle rating (4 to 6), not a near-zero one.",
 "metrics": {
  "validation_images": 1946,
  "validation_mean_ap_vs_teacher": 0.7454,
  "validation_mean_ap_ci95": [
   0.7302,
   0.7702
  ],
  "validation_tonal_key_accuracy": 0.8849,
  "test_labels_measured": 51,
  "test_mean_ap_vs_human": 0.8526,
  "test_validated_labels": 38,
  "teacher_comparison": {
   "note": "same test questions; teacher ratings of guideline v2.3 (v2.4 for soft_lighting, bloom and hard_lighting), the ratings used to set the v2.4 thresholds",
   "labels": 51,
   "mean_ap_vs_human": 0.8526,
   "teacher_mean_ap_vs_human": 0.7686,
   "validated_labels": 38,
   "teacher_validated_labels": 41
  },
  "not_comparable_with": "v1.x: other labels, guideline, teacher ratings and human references"
 },
 "threshold_presets": {
  "default": {
   "description": "as many tags as the teacher on the validation images",
   "test_mean_precision": 0.8859,
   "test_mean_recall": 0.5451
  },
  "recall": {
   "description": "1.5 times as many tags as the teacher on the validation images; the labels whose precision then drops below 60 % on the human tests keep their default threshold",
   "test_mean_precision": 0.8368,
   "test_mean_recall": 0.632,
   "cross_validated_mean_precision": 0.8083,
   "cross_validated_mean_recall": 0.6254
  }
 },
 "families": [
  {
   "id": "direction",
   "title": "Light direction"
  },
  {
   "id": "contrast",
   "title": "Contrast"
  },
  {
   "id": "quality",
   "title": "Light quality"
  },
  {
   "id": "color",
   "title": "Light color"
  },
  {
   "id": "effects",
   "title": "Light effects"
  },
  {
   "id": "shadows",
   "title": "Shadows"
  },
  {
   "id": "context",
   "title": "Sources and time of day"
  }
 ],
 "tonal_keys": [
  {
   "name": "dark",
   "definition": "The scene is poorly lit: a good part of the details is lost in darkness.",
   "emitted_as_tag": true
  },
  {
   "name": "dim_lighting",
   "definition": "Dimly lit but readable: overall dark tones, without invasive blacks.",
   "emitted_as_tag": true
  },
  {
   "name": "normal",
   "definition": "Ordinary light level, neither dark nor particularly bright. Never emitted as a tag.",
   "emitted_as_tag": false
  },
  {
   "name": "high_key",
   "definition": "The image is dominated by light tones, with few and light shadows, often close to white.",
   "emitted_as_tag": true
  }
 ],
 "labels": [
  {
   "name": "backlighting",
   "family": "direction",
   "definition": "The main light source is behind the subject, facing the viewer. The subject's outline lights up while the side facing us stays darker, or is lit only by fill light. A merely bright background, with no light effect on the subject, does not count.",
   "threshold": 3.9766,
   "threshold_recall": 3.1328,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.7648,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 32,
    "test_ap": 0.864,
    "test_precision": 0.8636,
    "test_recall": 0.5938
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "rim_light",
   "family": "direction",
   "definition": "A sharp bright edge outlines part of the subject's contour, whatever the position of the source (often behind or behind-to-the-side). Often goes with backlighting: both can apply. The rim borders the silhouette: a glow inside the hair is not rim light.",
   "threshold": 5.2927,
   "threshold_recall": 4.7038,
   "teacher_threshold": 6,
   "validation_ap": 0.6716,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_recall",
    "test_positives": 28,
    "test_ap": 0.596,
    "test_precision": 0.75,
    "test_recall": 0.1071
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "sidelighting",
   "family": "direction",
   "definition": "The main light comes from one side of the subject and leaves the other side in marked shadow: on the face or body, one half is lit and the other clearly in shadow. The source may be visible or off-frame. Front light, even off-axis, or a merely soft difference between the two sides does not count, nor does ordinary shading with no identifiable direction. A diagonal light can be both side and under (or over) lighting: both apply.",
   "threshold": 3.4137,
   "threshold_recall": 3.4137,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.4803,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_precision",
    "test_positives": 23,
    "test_ap": 0.5476,
    "test_precision": 0.5,
    "test_recall": 0.1304
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "overlighting",
   "family": "direction",
   "definition": "The source is above the subject and casts marked shadows downward: eye sockets, under the nose and chin, torso. The shadows are judged relative to the character (they fall toward the chin), not relative to the ground: light coming from the viewer onto a character lying down is front light. The shadow of bangs or a hat over the eyes counts as dark eye sockets. Ordinary light from above without marked shadows does not count.",
   "threshold": 0.7739,
   "threshold_recall": 0.3209,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.4163,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 50,
    "test_ap": 0.8189,
    "test_precision": 0.9444,
    "test_recall": 0.34
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "underlighting",
   "family": "direction",
   "definition": "The source is below the subject (handheld lamp, fire, screen, reflection from the ground): the face is lit from below and the shadows go upward. A diagonal light can be both under and side lighting: both apply.",
   "threshold": 3.4787,
   "threshold_recall": 2.1641,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.6983,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 31,
    "test_ap": 0.8438,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.3548
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "spotlight",
   "family": "direction",
   "definition": "A beam or a pool of targeted light isolates the subject from darker surroundings.",
   "threshold": 3.1352,
   "threshold_recall": 2.317,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.6224,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 12,
    "test_ap": 0.869,
    "test_precision": 0.7143,
    "test_recall": 0.8333
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "crack_of_light",
   "family": "direction",
   "definition": "Light enters a dark space through a half-open door, a slit or a window and cuts out a sharply defined lit area.",
   "threshold": 0.909,
   "threshold_recall": 0.2365,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.8139,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 12,
    "test_ap": 0.9615,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.5833
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "high_contrast",
   "family": "contrast",
   "definition": "The image strongly opposes deep blacks and bright highlights, with few midtones: black fills, very dark shadows, near-white highlights. As on Danbooru, manga-style black-and-white inking also counts. Contrast created by the light itself is chiaroscuro as well.",
   "threshold": 4.9267,
   "threshold_recall": 3.9329,
   "teacher_threshold": 6,
   "validation_ap": 0.8248,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 27,
    "test_ap": 0.8388,
    "test_precision": 0.8571,
    "test_recall": 0.4444
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "low_contrast",
   "family": "contrast",
   "definition": "Tones stay compressed: no true blacks or clean whites; the image looks soft, hazy, washed-out or pastel. A merely bright image with good contrast does not count.",
   "threshold": 5.9374,
   "threshold_recall": 5.614,
   "teacher_threshold": 7,
   "validation_ap": 0.7122,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_recall",
    "test_positives": 14,
    "test_ap": 0.6922,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.1429
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "chiaroscuro",
   "family": "contrast",
   "definition": "Strong contrasts of light and shadow structure the whole composition and model the volumes, as in classical painting. In its extreme form (tenebrism), large areas stay black and a single source strongly lights the subject. The light creates the contrast: high-contrast inking alone is not enough.",
   "threshold": 4.8719,
   "threshold_recall": 4.1385,
   "teacher_threshold": 6,
   "validation_ap": 0.7362,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 35,
    "test_ap": 0.9439,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.4857
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "silhouette",
   "family": "contrast",
   "definition": "The subject appears only as an outline, dark and without inner detail, against a brighter background (often a very strong backlight). With several subjects, one in silhouette is enough. The silhouette must come from the light: an all-black \"mystery\" character on a neutral background, a mere drawing convention, does not count. A cast shadow is not a silhouette.",
   "threshold": 3.8484,
   "threshold_recall": 2.6503,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.7708,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_recall",
    "test_positives": 18,
    "test_ap": 0.7987,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.1667
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "soft_lighting",
   "family": "quality",
   "definition": "Volumes are modeled by soft, gradual transitions between light and shadow: gradients, blurry shadows, no sharp boundary, as under diffuse light. It is the counterpart of hard_lighting and partly a matter of style: a painted or airbrushed rendering in gradients counts, whatever the source. The modeling of the volumes (characters, objects, scenery) is judged, not the mood: a bright, pastel or hazy image, a blurred background or a bright backlight is not enough if the subject's shadows have sharp edges. Conversely, a dark or very contrasted image counts when its volumes pass gradually from light to shadow. Does not count: dominant sharp-edged shadows (hard light, cel-shading, even with low contrast), a flat-color drawing or one with almost no shadows, a mere line sketch. On a mixed image (sharp-edged shadows and gradient modeling), each effect is rated by its share: the one that dominates on the main subject at 5 or more, the other as a subtle effect (3 or 4).",
   "threshold": 4.0275,
   "threshold_recall": 4.0275,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.8582,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_precision",
    "test_positives": 25,
    "test_ap": 0.7311,
    "test_precision": 0.6304,
    "test_recall": 0.7363,
    "note": "kept as a trial: when the guideline was set, the teacher's ratings reached no threshold with 75 % precision against the human"
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "hard_lighting",
   "family": "quality",
   "definition": "Sharp-edged shadows, on the subject or cast by it, clearly separate the lit areas from the shadowed ones, with marked highlights: the light of an intense point source (direct sun, spotlight, bare lamp). Several levels of sharp-edged shadow are still hard light: the sharpness of the boundaries matters, not the number of tones. Exception to the rule \"the light is judged, not the drawing style\": cel-shading counts if its shadows are both sharp and strong, clearly darker than the lit areas; when squinting, the shadow areas must stay clearly visible. Ordinary cel-shading with pale shadows, on a neutrally lit image, does not count, nor do mere reflections on a shiny material (varnish, metal, jewelry). A flat-color drawing without shadows does not count. On a mixed image (sharp-edged shadows and gradient modeling), each effect is rated by its share: the one that dominates on the main subject at 5 or more, the other as a subtle effect (3 or 4).",
   "threshold": 2.8007,
   "threshold_recall": 1.9098,
   "teacher_threshold": 4,
   "validation_ap": 0.681,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 16,
    "test_ap": 0.7916,
    "test_precision": 0.8991,
    "test_recall": 0.6544
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "dramatic_lighting",
   "family": "quality",
   "definition": "The light is staged for effect and carries the mood of the image: strong contrasts, marked or unexpected sources, areas left in shadow, as in a film shot. Merely pretty or colorful lighting is not enough.",
   "threshold": 3.7932,
   "threshold_recall": 1.808,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.9117,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 42,
    "test_ap": 0.846,
    "test_precision": 0.75,
    "test_recall": 0.7857
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "volumetric_lighting",
   "family": "quality",
   "definition": "The light is visible in the air itself: lit mist, dust, smoke or vapor, halos or beams that give depth to the space. Often overlaps light_rays: both can apply.",
   "threshold": 5.1944,
   "threshold_recall": 4.5429,
   "teacher_threshold": 6,
   "validation_ap": 0.8573,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_recall",
    "test_positives": 48,
    "test_ap": 0.8217,
    "test_precision": 0.9091,
    "test_recall": 0.2083
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "complex_lighting",
   "family": "quality",
   "definition": "At least two distinct sources visibly light the subject from different directions or with different colors (a warm lamp on one side and a cool window on the other, a key light and a rim light of another color), and light bounced off the scenery shows on the subject. A single source, however beautiful, does not count.",
   "threshold": 3.124,
   "threshold_recall": 2.3056,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.7527,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 10,
    "test_ap": 0.675,
    "test_precision": 0.7875,
    "test_recall": 0.45
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "warm_lighting",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "The light illuminating the scene is clearly warm (orange, yellow, amber) and tints the subject. Warm-colored clothes or scenery under neutral light do not count. Can coexist with cool lighting.",
   "threshold": 6.1032,
   "threshold_recall": 5.6484,
   "teacher_threshold": 7,
   "validation_ap": 0.8173,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 17,
    "test_ap": 0.8783,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.5882
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "cool_lighting",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "The light is clearly cool (blue, cyan, blue-green) and tints the subject, as on a bluish night or in moonlight. A plain blue background does not count.",
   "threshold": 6.3048,
   "threshold_recall": 5.9246,
   "teacher_threshold": 7,
   "validation_ap": 0.8307,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_recall",
    "test_positives": 18,
    "test_ap": 0.7585,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.1111
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "golden_hour",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "Low sun, just after sunrise or before sunset: golden, grazing, soft light that tints the whole image with warm tones. Goes with warm_lighting.",
   "threshold": 2.7148,
   "threshold_recall": 0.9149,
   "teacher_threshold": 4,
   "validation_ap": 0.8623,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 21,
    "test_ap": 0.8471,
    "test_precision": 0.8,
    "test_recall": 0.7619
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "colored_lights",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "At least two lights of clearly different, saturated colors light the subject or the space around it (neon lights, stage lights, signs, RGB lighting). Their colors show on the skin and clothes, or in the air of the scene: beams or haze of several colors filling the subject's space (concert, nightclub) count. A single dominant color belongs to the single-color labels (red_light, blue_light…). Distant colored lights that do not light the subject's space (small spotlights in the background, a city far away), a multicolored palette or a colored background do not count.",
   "threshold": 0.9827,
   "threshold_recall": 0.1758,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.7918,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_recall",
    "test_positives": 17,
    "test_ap": 0.9645,
    "test_precision": 0.8785,
    "test_recall": 0.2826
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "red_light",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "A light source of a saturated red color clearly tints the subject or a large part of the scene, whether it is visible or off-frame. A sharp rim coming from a light of this color also counts (a subtle effect, often rated 4 to 6): a red backlight outlining the silhouette is red light. Merely warm or cool light does not count: it takes a real red light. The color must come from the light, not from the lit surface: warm light on a red curtain is not orange light. Also excluded: an overall palette or color grading (monochrome image, duotone, night vision), an outline drawn in color (colored line, style effect), and a red object or aura that does not tint its surroundings (glowing).",
   "threshold": 3.2227,
   "threshold_recall": 1.8485,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.8638,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 27,
    "test_ap": 0.942,
    "test_precision": 0.9091,
    "test_recall": 0.7407
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "orange_light",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "A light source of a saturated orange color clearly tints the subject or a large part of the scene, whether it is visible or off-frame. A sharp rim coming from a light of this color also counts (a subtle effect, often rated 4 to 6): a red backlight outlining the silhouette is red light. Merely warm or cool light does not count: it takes a real orange light. The color must come from the light, not from the lit surface: warm light on a red curtain is not orange light. Also excluded: an overall palette or color grading (monochrome image, duotone, night vision), an outline drawn in color (colored line, style effect), and a orange object or aura that does not tint its surroundings (glowing).",
   "threshold": 6.0749,
   "threshold_recall": 5.8012,
   "teacher_threshold": 7,
   "validation_ap": 0.2397,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_recall",
    "test_positives": 21,
    "test_ap": 0.8072,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.1905
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "yellow_light",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "A light source of a saturated yellow color clearly tints the subject or a large part of the scene, whether it is visible or off-frame. A sharp rim coming from a light of this color also counts (a subtle effect, often rated 4 to 6): a red backlight outlining the silhouette is red light. Merely warm or cool light does not count: it takes a real yellow light. The color must come from the light, not from the lit surface: warm light on a red curtain is not orange light. Also excluded: an overall palette or color grading (monochrome image, duotone, night vision), an outline drawn in color (colored line, style effect), and a yellow object or aura that does not tint its surroundings (glowing). Yellow light means a clear, saturated yellow (bright yellow low sun, sodium street lamp, yellow neon or magic). A golden hour can also be yellow light when its tint is clearly yellow rather than amber or orange: both labels apply then. Ordinary yellowish indoor lamps and the amber of lamps are warm_lighting; orange is orange_light.",
   "threshold": 0.8494,
   "threshold_recall": 0.3537,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.4561,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 20,
    "test_ap": 0.9382,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.35
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "green_light",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "A light source of a saturated green color clearly tints the subject or a large part of the scene, whether it is visible or off-frame. A sharp rim coming from a light of this color also counts (a subtle effect, often rated 4 to 6): a red backlight outlining the silhouette is red light. Merely warm or cool light does not count: it takes a real green light. The color must come from the light, not from the lit surface: warm light on a red curtain is not orange light. Also excluded: an overall palette or color grading (monochrome image, duotone, night vision), an outline drawn in color (colored line, style effect), and a green object or aura that does not tint its surroundings (glowing).",
   "threshold": 1.237,
   "threshold_recall": 0.2261,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.8759,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_precision",
    "test_positives": 13,
    "test_ap": 0.915,
    "test_precision": 0.6667,
    "test_recall": 0.9231
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "blue_light",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "A light source of a saturated blue color clearly tints the subject or a large part of the scene, whether it is visible or off-frame. A sharp rim coming from a light of this color also counts (a subtle effect, often rated 4 to 6): a red backlight outlining the silhouette is red light. Merely warm or cool light does not count: it takes a real blue light. The color must come from the light, not from the lit surface: warm light on a red curtain is not orange light. Also excluded: an overall palette or color grading (monochrome image, duotone, night vision), an outline drawn in color (colored line, style effect), and a blue object or aura that does not tint its surroundings (glowing). A bluish night, moonlight and a cool mood are cool_lighting: blue light needs a saturated blue source (neon, screen, magic, stage light, emergency light) whose color shows on the subject, as a tint or a rim.",
   "threshold": 2.3922,
   "threshold_recall": 1.0261,
   "teacher_threshold": 4,
   "validation_ap": 0.7839,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 16,
    "test_ap": 0.89,
    "test_precision": 0.9091,
    "test_recall": 0.625
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "purple_light",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "A light source of a saturated purple color clearly tints the subject or a large part of the scene, whether it is visible or off-frame. A sharp rim coming from a light of this color also counts (a subtle effect, often rated 4 to 6): a red backlight outlining the silhouette is red light. Merely warm or cool light does not count: it takes a real purple light. The color must come from the light, not from the lit surface: warm light on a red curtain is not orange light. Also excluded: an overall palette or color grading (monochrome image, duotone, night vision), an outline drawn in color (colored line, style effect), and a purple object or aura that does not tint its surroundings (glowing).",
   "threshold": 4.662,
   "threshold_recall": 3.9614,
   "teacher_threshold": 6,
   "validation_ap": 0.6261,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 20,
    "test_ap": 0.8931,
    "test_precision": 0.875,
    "test_recall": 0.7
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "pink_light",
   "family": "color",
   "definition": "A light source of a saturated pink color clearly tints the subject or a large part of the scene, whether it is visible or off-frame. A sharp rim coming from a light of this color also counts (a subtle effect, often rated 4 to 6): a red backlight outlining the silhouette is red light. Merely warm or cool light does not count: it takes a real pink light. The color must come from the light, not from the lit surface: warm light on a red curtain is not orange light. Also excluded: an overall palette or color grading (monochrome image, duotone, night vision), an outline drawn in color (colored line, style effect), and a pink object or aura that does not tint its surroundings (glowing). A pink palette or background, pink cheeks, or warm light on pink surfaces do not count: pink light needs a saturated pink source (neon, magic, stage light) whose color shows on the subject, as a tint or a rim.",
   "threshold": 2.5645,
   "threshold_recall": 2.0223,
   "teacher_threshold": 4,
   "validation_ap": 0.7431,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 18,
    "test_ap": 0.927,
    "test_precision": 0.9091,
    "test_recall": 0.5556
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "light_rays",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "Distinct beams with visible edges cross the air from a source or an opening (sun through clouds or trees, window, spotlight) and take the shape of what they pass through. Does not count: the branches of diffraction spikes (thin straight lines in a star, centered on a point source), a decorative radiating background (fan of rays behind a character, emphasis lines), a diffuse glow without beams (volumetric_lighting), reflections. Rays often go with volumetric lighting and can coexist with diffraction spikes: each applies.",
   "threshold": 4.4988,
   "threshold_recall": 3.6903,
   "teacher_threshold": 6,
   "validation_ap": 0.8422,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 14,
    "test_ap": 0.9057,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.5417
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "light_particles",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "Small shining particles float in the air of the scene, around or in front of the subjects: dust lit by a beam, magic sparks, fireflies. Does not count: stars in the sky, a decorative background of glitter or stars, particles that do not shine (dust, ash), large stylized sparkles.",
   "threshold": 1.7506,
   "threshold_recall": 0.3502,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.8973,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 37,
    "test_ap": 0.8676,
    "test_precision": 0.8182,
    "test_recall": 0.4932
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "lens_flare",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "Lens artifact caused by an intense light: streaks, halos, circles or bright polygons aligned across the image. Blurry circles in the foreground (bokeh) are not lens flare.",
   "threshold": 3.4897,
   "threshold_recall": 2.3998,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.8414,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 14,
    "test_ap": 0.8441,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.4286
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "bloom",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "A blurry halo spills from a very bright area (window, sky, lamp, sign, magic effect, very light object) over its surroundings: the glow crosses a nearby edge and veils it. The lines do not need to fade: a halo that clearly spills out of its area is enough, even in a dark scene. The veiled edge can belong to a character (strands of hair turning pale in a backlight), to the scenery, or to the bright object itself (window frame, landscape eaten by the light of a window, frame of a street lamp, buildings against a bright sky). A stylized halo around a light object (pompoms, hair on a dark background) also counts. Does not count: an aura or magic energy that stays around its source without veiling its surroundings (glowing), bokeh (blurry circles) alone, a pale image whose outlines fade because of the style rather than the light, an area burned to white whose outlines stay sharp (overexposure).",
   "threshold": 4.4119,
   "threshold_recall": 3.6216,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.8552,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 20,
    "test_ap": 0.9144,
    "test_precision": 0.7812,
    "test_recall": 0.7812
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "overexposure",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "The brightest parts are blown out: they lose their details down to pure white, like an overexposed photo, or the light is so strong that it dazzles. A background burned out by the light counts, even if the subject keeps its details. Stylized highlights (sharp white shapes in the hair, the eyes, on a shiny surface) do not count; in a simple style, compare with the level of detail of the rest of the image. A halo without loss of detail is bloom.",
   "threshold": 6.4497,
   "threshold_recall": 6.4497,
   "teacher_threshold": 7,
   "validation_ap": 0.7644,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_recall",
    "test_positives": 24,
    "test_ap": 0.4862,
    "test_precision": null,
    "test_recall": 0.0
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "diffraction_spikes",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "Several points of light radiate in a star around a bright source (sun, lamp, bright reflection). Stylized sparkles and reflections on a shiny object do not count.",
   "threshold": 1.5598,
   "threshold_recall": 0.4964,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.814,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 13,
    "test_ap": 0.9253,
    "test_precision": 0.9091,
    "test_recall": 0.7692
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "caustics",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "Rippling light patterns are projected onto a surface by light passing through water or glass, or reflecting off it: pool floor, water reflections on a wall, on skin or under an object. Often subtle: look at legs in the water and at nearby surfaces. The network drawn on the water surface itself does not count, nor does a water pattern drawn on clothing.",
   "threshold": 2.0502,
   "threshold_recall": 0.5058,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.8273,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 23,
    "test_ap": 0.9678,
    "test_precision": 0.9444,
    "test_recall": 0.7391
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "refraction",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "An image seen through a transparent medium (water, glass, crystal) is bent or distorted: a body or an object shifted at the water surface, a stick that looks broken, the outline of a face or an object shifted behind glasses, an aquarium or a glass of water. The part seen through the medium shows in continuity with the body, often tinted by the water. A reflection, even one distorted by waves (an upside-down copy below the contact line, as in a mirror), is not refraction. Light split into colors is dispersion_(optics).",
   "threshold": 3.9264,
   "threshold_recall": 3.5121,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.7352,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 13,
    "test_ap": 0.879,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.5385
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "dispersion_(optics)",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "Light is split into rainbow colors by a prism, a crystal, cut glass, a drop or a disc: projected iridescent bands or spots, spectral reflections. A rainbow in the sky, a rainbow palette, multicolored hair or a merely multicolored object do not count.",
   "threshold": 0.9586,
   "threshold_recall": 0.4378,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.6587,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 17,
    "test_ap": 0.9522,
    "test_precision": 0.9375,
    "test_recall": 0.8824
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "subsurface_scattering",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "Light passes through a semi-transparent material and makes it glow from inside: ears, fingers or skin turning pink with a light behind them, leaves, wax, jade. Backlit hair does not count (backlighting, rim_light).",
   "threshold": 2.0925,
   "threshold_recall": 1.13,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.3598,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_precision",
    "test_positives": 10,
    "test_ap": 0.4602,
    "test_precision": 0.5,
    "test_recall": 0.1
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "vignetting",
   "family": "effects",
   "definition": "The edges, and above all the corners, of the image gradually darken (more rarely lighten) outward, as through a lens or a filter: the darkening follows the shape of the frame, oval or rectangular (burned edges), not the shape of objects. Clue: a uniform surface (wall, floor, sky, plain background) that darkens toward the edges or corners. The effect is judged, not its cause: a central light that leaves the corners black, on an abstract background, counts. Does not count: one dark side because a piece of scenery there is in shadow, a scene dark everywhere, a band or frame with a sharp edge (black cinema bars, drawn frame, mat).",
   "threshold": 2.5171,
   "threshold_recall": 1.8915,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.558,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 20,
    "test_ap": 0.9268,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.7148
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "shadow",
   "family": "shadows",
   "definition": "Particularly strong, sharp or interesting cast shadows matter in the image: a character's shadow on the ground or a wall, an object's shadow, blinds. Form shadows (the unlit side of the subject), even strong ones, belong to other labels. Ordinary shading does not count: almost every illustration has some.",
   "threshold": 5.677,
   "threshold_recall": 4.9038,
   "teacher_threshold": 7,
   "validation_ap": 0.71,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "low_recall",
    "test_positives": 11,
    "test_ap": 0.7528,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.1818
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "shade",
   "family": "shadows",
   "definition": "The subject, or a secondary character, stands in the shade of something (tree, parasol, awning, roof, building, wall) while a strong light lights the rest of the scene. Background characters count too: those darker under a roof or in a tree. The shelter can be off-frame, inferred from the context (sunny ground around, a shadow edge crossing the scenery or the character, a subject darker than the sunny scenery). A shadow cast by another element or character, crossing the subject and mattering in the composition, also counts. An obvious shelter in full sun (sun umbrella) counts even if the drawing barely darkens the subject: a subtle effect, rated 4 to 6. Does not count: a shelter from the rain with no strong light elsewhere (umbrella, bus shelter under a gray sky), patches of sun spread over the whole body (light filtered through foliage), a subject dark because it is backlit, the shadow the subject casts itself, the shadow of a hat over its eyes (shaded_face).",
   "threshold": 3.1517,
   "threshold_recall": 2.0716,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.7899,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "unmeasured",
    "test_positives": 8,
    "test_ap": 0.6737,
    "test_precision": 0.75,
    "test_recall": 0.375,
    "note": "fewer than 10 human positives in the tests (8)"
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "dappled_sunlight",
   "family": "shadows",
   "definition": "Light passes through leaves or branches and draws patches of light and shadow on the subject or the scenery.",
   "threshold": 4.7523,
   "threshold_recall": 2.7189,
   "teacher_threshold": 7,
   "validation_ap": 0.8655,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 21,
    "test_ap": 0.965,
    "test_precision": 0.9474,
    "test_recall": 0.8571
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "window_shadow",
   "family": "shadows",
   "definition": "A window frame, blinds or shutters cut bands or patterns of light and shadow on the subject or the scenery.",
   "threshold": 2.9189,
   "threshold_recall": 1.1797,
   "teacher_threshold": 4,
   "validation_ap": 0.7234,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 32,
    "test_ap": 0.9451,
    "test_precision": 0.8889,
    "test_recall": 0.75
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "colored_shadow",
   "family": "shadows",
   "definition": "Shadows, cast or on the subject itself, have a clear color other than black, gray or a merely darker version of the surface (blue, purple, red, green…). Test: compare the shadow with the lit part of the same surface (skin, clothing, floor, wall); if the hue changes, not only the brightness, it is a colored shadow. It counts even if no visible light explains the color, and even if it is the artist's style choice. Only a barely perceptible tint is excluded.",
   "threshold": 2.3553,
   "threshold_recall": 1.6159,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.4778,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "unmeasured",
    "test_positives": null,
    "test_ap": null,
    "test_precision": null,
    "test_recall": null,
    "note": "not measured against the human: the teacher is the reference for this label"
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "shaded_face",
   "family": "shadows",
   "definition": "The upper face, or the eyes, are plunged in shadow. Exception to the rule \"the light is judged, not the drawing style\": the expressive convention (anger, threat, despair, mystery) counts, even without a light source, as on Danbooru. The shadow of bangs, a visor or a hat over the eyes also counts. A face split between left and right is partially_shaded_face.",
   "threshold": 1.4077,
   "threshold_recall": 0.4585,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.6305,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 24,
    "test_ap": 0.9361,
    "test_precision": 0.9091,
    "test_recall": 0.5952
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "partially_shaded_face",
   "family": "shadows",
   "definition": "The face is split between a left or right half in shadow and a lit half. Often overlaps with sidelighting: both can apply. The upper face in shadow is shaded_face.",
   "threshold": 3.1129,
   "threshold_recall": 1.9875,
   "teacher_threshold": 5,
   "validation_ap": 0.4427,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 24,
    "test_ap": 0.7977,
    "test_precision": 0.8889,
    "test_recall": 0.3333
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "sunlight",
   "family": "context",
   "definition": "Sunlight is emphasized: direct sun on the subject, patches of sun, a dazzling sky. A merely daytime scene does not count.",
   "threshold": 5.3028,
   "threshold_recall": 4.1984,
   "teacher_threshold": 6,
   "validation_ap": 0.9072,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 26,
    "test_ap": 0.8426,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.3846
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "moonlight",
   "family": "context",
   "definition": "A pale, white to bluish light from the moon lights the night scene. The moon may be off-frame: through a window, between trees.",
   "threshold": 1.2844,
   "threshold_recall": 0.16,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.9293,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 17,
    "test_ap": 0.9035,
    "test_precision": 0.8095,
    "test_recall": 1.0
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "candlelight",
   "family": "context",
   "definition": "Candles provide most of the light: a dark scene bathed in an amber glow around the flames. A lit candle in a scene lit by something else does not count.",
   "threshold": 2.48,
   "threshold_recall": 0.2264,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.9042,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 19,
    "test_ap": 0.9802,
    "test_precision": 0.9,
    "test_recall": 0.9474
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "fire_light",
   "family": "context",
   "definition": "A fire (campfire, fireplace, torch, blaze) lights the scene or the subject with an orange glow.",
   "threshold": 1.8147,
   "threshold_recall": 0.6628,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.8826,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 26,
    "test_ap": 0.9932,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.7308
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "screen_light",
   "family": "context",
   "definition": "A screen (monitor, phone, TV) visible in the image lights a character's face or body, whether or not they look at it. A screen assumed to be off-frame does not count.",
   "threshold": 1.9893,
   "threshold_recall": 0.2375,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.8923,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 23,
    "test_ap": 0.9521,
    "test_precision": 0.875,
    "test_recall": 0.913
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "glowing",
   "family": "context",
   "definition": "An object, a character or part of it emits light (eyes, weapon, magic, lantern). Glowing eyes count, even if they light nothing around them.",
   "threshold": 5.0941,
   "threshold_recall": 4.0871,
   "teacher_threshold": 6,
   "validation_ap": 0.8772,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 23,
    "test_ap": 0.9142,
    "test_precision": 0.85,
    "test_recall": 0.7391
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "night",
   "family": "context",
   "definition": "The scene takes place at night: black or dark blue sky, moon, windows or streets in the dark, night lighting. A plain dark background around a character is not enough.",
   "threshold": 1.8848,
   "threshold_recall": 1.8848,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.9499,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 14,
    "test_ap": 0.9706,
    "test_precision": 0.9167,
    "test_recall": 0.7857
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "sunset",
   "family": "context",
   "definition": "Sun near the horizon, orange or red sky, at sunset or sunrise.",
   "threshold": 1.5258,
   "threshold_recall": 0.1928,
   "teacher_threshold": 3,
   "validation_ap": 0.9076,
   "reliability": {
    "status": "validated",
    "test_positives": 37,
    "test_ap": 0.9986,
    "test_precision": 1.0,
    "test_recall": 0.9189
   }
  }
 ]
}