---
license: apache-2.0
language:
- en
tags:
- OneScience
- Earth Science
- Soil Moisture
- Drought Forecasting
- Subseasonal Forecasting
- Ensemble Forecasting
frameworks: PyTorch
---

<p align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: 30px;">RISE-UNet</span></strong></p>

# Model Introduction

RISE-UNet combines deep learning and dynamical forecasts for subseasonal root-zone soil-moisture prediction. It recursively predicts five weekly anomalies and evaluates drought probabilities through ensembles.

Paper: Skillful subseasonal soil moisture drought forecasts with deep learning-dynamic models  
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62761-3

# Model Description

The model was proposed by researchers at Auburn University. It was trained with GLEAM root-zone soil moisture, ERA5 reanalysis, and GEFSv12 and ECMWF S2S reforecasts. By combining residual, inception, squeeze-and-excitation, and UNet++ operations with recursive predictions, it supports weekly root-zone soil-moisture and flash-drought forecasting over the contiguous United States, China, and Australia.

# Use Cases

| Use Case | Description |
| :---: | :--- |
| Subseasonal soil moisture | Predict root-zone soil-moisture anomalies for weeks 1–5. |
| Drought forecasting | Identify events below the twentieth percentile. |
| Ensemble forecasting | Use 11 dynamical members and stochastic inference dropout. |
| Hybrid modeling | Fuse reanalysis and dynamical reforecasts. |
| ModelScope/OneCode execution | Validate structured data, training, inference, probabilistic precipitation metrics, and visualization in ModelScope or OneCode. |
| Multi-GPU training | Start multi-process training through `torchrun`. |

# Usage Instructions

## Download

```bash
hf download OneScience-Group/RISE-UNet --local-dir ./RISE-UNet
cd RISE-UNet
```

### Environment Dependencies

**Hardware Requirements**

- A GPU or DCU is recommended.
- A CPU can run the default small-sample connectivity configuration.
- DCU users should install DTK 25.04.2 or a compatible OneScience-recommended version first.

**DCU Environment**

```bash
# Activate DTK and Conda first
conda create -n onescience311 python=3.11 -y
conda activate onescience311
pip install onescience[earth-dcu] -i http://mirrors.onescience.ai:3141/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.onescience.ai
```

**GPU Environment**

```bash
# Activate Conda first
conda create -n onescience311 python=3.11 -y libstdcxx-ng=12 libgcc-ng=12 gcc_linux-64=12 gxx_linux-64=12
conda activate onescience311
pip install onescience[earth-gpu] -i http://mirrors.onescience.ai:3141/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.onescience.ai
```

## Synthetic Data

The paper uses a `48x96` 0.5-degree regional grid, 11 ensemble members, weekly historical and forecast variables, and GLEAM 0–100 cm root-zone soil-moisture anomalies as targets. Synthetic data preserve the grid, member count, recursive five-week protocol, and RISE operators while reducing initialization count, width, and epochs. Results verify the workflow only and do not represent paper performance.

```bash
python scripts/fake_data.py
```

## Training

```bash
python scripts/train.py
torchrun --nproc_per_node=2 --nnodes=1 --master_addr="localhost" --master_port=29500 scripts/train.py
```

The default synthetic run completes five-week recursive optimization, deep-supervision losses, and the ensemble-spread constraint, and both single-process and two-process DDP training have been verified. It produces one recoverable checkpoint and records the CRPSexp training result. Training results are saved to:

```text
result/checkpoints/rise_unet.pt
result/training/metrics.json
```

## Weights

The paper's code is available at https://osf.io/6y4kh/, but an independently licensed official pretrained checkpoint was not confirmed.

## Inference

```bash
python scripts/inference.py
```

Inference restores the checkpoint, retains stochastic dropout, and recursively generates weeks 1–5 for 11 members. The output shape is `[11,5,48,96]` and has passed finite-value checks. Inference results are saved to:

```text
result/output/predictions.npz
```

## Evaluation

```bash
python scripts/result.py
```

Evaluation computes weekly ACC, CRPS, and drought GSS and creates a week-3 spatial error figure. All metrics are finite, and the PNG has passed format and non-empty-pixel checks; synthetic results do not represent paper performance. Evaluation results are saved to:

```text
result/evaluation/metrics.json
result/evaluation/comparison.png
```

# Official OneScience Information

| Platform | OneScience | OneSkills |
|---|---|---|
| Gitee | https://gitee.com/onescience-ai/onescience | https://gitee.com/onescience-ai/oneskills |
| GitHub | https://github.com/onescience-ai/OneScience | https://github.com/onescience-ai/oneskills |

# Citation and License

This repository is an independent engineering reproduction of the public RISE-UNet specifications, with code licensed under the Apache License 2.0.

The original paper is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0; the paper and GLEAM, ERA5, GEFSv12, and ECMWF S2S data remain subject to their respective licenses and terms.