Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Answer: C,D


Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Answer: A,B,C,E


Answer: E


Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Answer: B,E


Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Answer: A,C


Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Lighting and Shadow Inconsistency: Light direction is inconsistent across the scene, shadows conflict with implied light sources, unexplained local or global illumination shifts occur, or shadow count does not match the number of physical objects present.

Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F


Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Answer: A,D


Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Occlusion Failure: A depth-ordering or layering error where an object that should be blocked by a nearer surface remains visible, or is incorrectly rendered in front of it.

Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Answer: B,C,F


Reflection Inconsistency: Reflections on mirrors, water, or glass do not correspond to the actual scene, either misrepresenting subject position or appearance, or exhibiting unphysical distortion.

Baked-in Lighting: Surface albedo and lighting are not properly separated—shading appears baked into the surface such that when the light source moves or the subject rotates, the brightness distribution remains static rather than updating to reflect the new illumination geometry, most pronounced when the subject rotates in place under a directional light.

Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Answer: E,F


Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Answer: A,C


Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Answer: B,C,E,F


Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Answer: B,C,D,E


Texture Inconsistency: A localized region on a continuous surface shows a perceptible break in texture density, scale, or orientation relative to its surroundings, excluding intentional design variations such as prints, patterns, or patchwork.

Unnatural Camera Motion: Jerky camera jitter, impossible physics-defying movement, or anomalies occurring during zooming or refocusings like desynchronized parallax and focus jumping.

Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Answer: A,F


Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Answer: B,C,D,E


Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Answer: B,D,E


Answer: B,F


Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Occlusion Failure: A depth-ordering or layering error where an object that should be blocked by a nearer surface remains visible, or is incorrectly rendered in front of it.

Answer: A,E


Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Answer: A,D


Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Answer: B,F


Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Answer: C


Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Answer: A,D,F


Answer: B


Refraction Distortion: Light passing through curved or refractive transparent materials (e.g., glass spheres, bubbles, water bodies, crystal) fails to produce physically plausible optical effects—including geometric distortion of background objects as seen through the medium (e.g., inverted and wide-angle compression in bubbles or water droplets), caustic light patterns on surrounding surfaces, or the apparent positional shift of submerged objects due to Snell's law. A typical failure case is a bubble or glass ball in which the reflected/refracted scene appears undistorted or upright, when physics requires an inverted, compressed wide-angle image.

Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Reflection Inconsistency: Reflections on mirrors, water, or glass do not correspond to the actual scene, either misrepresenting subject position or appearance, or exhibiting unphysical distortion.

Baked-in Lighting: Surface albedo and lighting are not properly separated—shading appears baked into the surface such that when the light source moves or the subject rotates, the brightness distribution remains static rather than updating to reflect the new illumination geometry, most pronounced when the subject rotates in place under a directional light.

Answer: E


Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Texture Inconsistency: A localized region on a continuous surface shows a perceptible break in texture density, scale, or orientation relative to its surroundings, excluding intentional design variations such as prints, patterns, or patchwork.

Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Answer: A,D,F


Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Lighting and Shadow Inconsistency: Light direction is inconsistent across the scene, shadows conflict with implied light sources, unexplained local or global illumination shifts occur, or shadow count does not match the number of physical objects present.

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Answer: A,B,C,E,F


Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Answer: D,F


Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Answer: E,F


Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Answer: B,C


Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Answer: E


Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Answer: A,B,D,E,F


Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Texture Inconsistency: A localized region on a continuous surface shows a perceptible break in texture density, scale, or orientation relative to its surroundings, excluding intentional design variations such as prints, patterns, or patchwork.

Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Answer: A,E


Answer: A,B


Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F


Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Lighting and Shadow Inconsistency: Light direction is inconsistent across the scene, shadows conflict with implied light sources, unexplained local or global illumination shifts occur, or shadow count does not match the number of physical objects present.

Reflection Inconsistency: Reflections on mirrors, water, or glass do not correspond to the actual scene, either misrepresenting subject position or appearance, or exhibiting unphysical distortion.

Answer: A,C,D


Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Answer: B,D


Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Answer: A,B,C,E,F


Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Answer: C,F


Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Texture Inconsistency: A localized region on a continuous surface shows a perceptible break in texture density, scale, or orientation relative to its surroundings, excluding intentional design variations such as prints, patterns, or patchwork.

Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Answer: B,C,D,F


Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Answer: A,B,C,F


Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Answer: F


Depth and Perspective Distortion: Perspective or depth relationships in the scene are geometrically implausible. This includes static errors (such as misaligned vanishing points, or background objects appearing disproportionately massive relative to foreground elements), as well as dynamic errors during camera movement (such as objects scaling at physically incorrect rates as the camera approaches or recedes, failing to follow the natural laws of perspective).

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Answer: A,B,D,F


Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Occlusion Failure: A depth-ordering or layering error where an object that should be blocked by a nearer surface remains visible, or is incorrectly rendered in front of it.

Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Answer: D,E


Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Answer: D,E


Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Lighting and Shadow Inconsistency: Light direction is inconsistent across the scene, shadows conflict with implied light sources, unexplained local or global illumination shifts occur, or shadow count does not match the number of physical objects present.

Reflection Inconsistency: Reflections on mirrors, water, or glass do not correspond to the actual scene, either misrepresenting subject position or appearance, or exhibiting unphysical distortion.

Baked-in Lighting: Surface albedo and lighting are not properly separated—shading appears baked into the surface such that when the light source moves or the subject rotates, the brightness distribution remains static rather than updating to reflect the new illumination geometry, most pronounced when the subject rotates in place under a directional light.

Answer: A,B


Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Refraction Distortion: Light passing through curved or refractive transparent materials (e.g., glass spheres, bubbles, water bodies, crystal) fails to produce physically plausible optical effects—including geometric distortion of background objects as seen through the medium (e.g., inverted and wide-angle compression in bubbles or water droplets), caustic light patterns on surrounding surfaces, or the apparent positional shift of submerged objects due to Snell's law. A typical failure case is a bubble or glass ball in which the reflected/refracted scene appears undistorted or upright, when physics requires an inverted, compressed wide-angle image.

Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Answer: A,C,D,E


Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Answer: A,B,C,E


Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Answer: B


Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Answer: B,C


Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Texture Inconsistency: A localized region on a continuous surface shows a perceptible break in texture density, scale, or orientation relative to its surroundings, excluding intentional design variations such as prints, patterns, or patchwork.

Answer: B,C,D


Reflection Inconsistency: Reflections on mirrors, water, or glass do not correspond to the actual scene, either misrepresenting subject position or appearance, or exhibiting unphysical distortion.

Lighting and Shadow Inconsistency: Light direction is inconsistent across the scene, shadows conflict with implied light sources, unexplained local or global illumination shifts occur, or shadow count does not match the number of physical objects present.

Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Answer: A,D,E,F


Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Answer: F


Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Answer: A,C,F


Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Answer: C,F


Unnatural Camera Motion: Jerky camera jitter, impossible physics-defying movement, or anomalies occurring during zooming or refocusings like desynchronized parallax and focus jumping.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Answer: A,C,D,E


Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Answer: B,E


Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Answer: E,F


Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Answer: E


Baked-in Lighting: Surface albedo and lighting are not properly separated—shading appears baked into the surface such that when the light source moves or the subject rotates, the brightness distribution remains static rather than updating to reflect the new illumination geometry, most pronounced when the subject rotates in place under a directional light.

Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Lighting and Shadow Inconsistency: Light direction is inconsistent across the scene, shadows conflict with implied light sources, unexplained local or global illumination shifts occur, or shadow count does not match the number of physical objects present.

Occlusion Failure: A depth-ordering or layering error where an object that should be blocked by a nearer surface remains visible, or is incorrectly rendered in front of it.

Answer: B,C,D,E


Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Answer: C


Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Answer: B,C,E,F


Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Answer: A,D,E,F


Answer: C,E,F


Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Answer: A,B,F


Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Answer: A


Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Answer: B,C,D,E


Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Baked-in Lighting: Surface albedo and lighting are not properly separated—shading appears baked into the surface such that when the light source moves or the subject rotates, the brightness distribution remains static rather than updating to reflect the new illumination geometry, most pronounced when the subject rotates in place under a directional light.

Answer: B,F


Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Answer: B,C,D,E,F


Depth and Perspective Distortion: Perspective or depth relationships in the scene are geometrically implausible. This includes static errors (such as misaligned vanishing points, or background objects appearing disproportionately massive relative to foreground elements), as well as dynamic errors during camera movement (such as objects scaling at physically incorrect rates as the camera approaches or recedes, failing to follow the natural laws of perspective).

Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Answer: B,C,F


Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Answer: D,F


Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Answer: B,C


Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Answer: C


Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Lighting and Shadow Inconsistency: Light direction is inconsistent across the scene, shadows conflict with implied light sources, unexplained local or global illumination shifts occur, or shadow count does not match the number of physical objects present.

Answer: D,E


Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Answer: D,E


Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Answer: A,F


Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Answer: B,C,D,E


Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Answer: B,C


Texture Inconsistency: A localized region on a continuous surface shows a perceptible break in texture density, scale, or orientation relative to its surroundings, excluding intentional design variations such as prints, patterns, or patchwork.

Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Answer: D,F


Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Answer: B,C,F


Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Answer: A,E,F


Unnatural Camera Motion: Jerky camera jitter, impossible physics-defying movement, or anomalies occurring during zooming or refocusings like desynchronized parallax and focus jumping.

Answer: C,D


Answer: B


Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Answer: A,C,D,E


Answer: A,B,C,D,F


Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F


Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Answer: B


Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Answer: B,C,D,E


Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Answer: A,B


Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Answer: B


Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Texture Inconsistency: A localized region on a continuous surface shows a perceptible break in texture density, scale, or orientation relative to its surroundings, excluding intentional design variations such as prints, patterns, or patchwork.

Answer: B,E


Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Answer: B,E


Answer: A,E


Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Answer: B,C,E,F


Unnatural Camera Motion: Jerky camera jitter, impossible physics-defying movement, or anomalies occurring during zooming or refocusings like desynchronized parallax and focus jumping.

Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Answer: B,D


Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F


Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Answer: C,D,E


Baked-in Lighting: Surface albedo and lighting are not properly separated—shading appears baked into the surface such that when the light source moves or the subject rotates, the brightness distribution remains static rather than updating to reflect the new illumination geometry, most pronounced when the subject rotates in place under a directional light.

Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Reflection Inconsistency: Reflections on mirrors, water, or glass do not correspond to the actual scene, either misrepresenting subject position or appearance, or exhibiting unphysical distortion.

Answer: B,E


Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Answer: B,C,E,F


Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Texture Inconsistency: A localized region on a continuous surface shows a perceptible break in texture density, scale, or orientation relative to its surroundings, excluding intentional design variations such as prints, patterns, or patchwork.

Answer: A,C,D


Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Answer: C


Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Depth and Perspective Distortion: Perspective or depth relationships in the scene are geometrically implausible. This includes static errors (such as misaligned vanishing points, or background objects appearing disproportionately massive relative to foreground elements), as well as dynamic errors during camera movement (such as objects scaling at physically incorrect rates as the camera approaches or recedes, failing to follow the natural laws of perspective).

Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Answer: D,E,F


Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Answer: B,C,E,F


Unnatural Camera Motion: Jerky camera jitter, impossible physics-defying movement, or anomalies occurring during zooming or refocusings like desynchronized parallax and focus jumping.

Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Answer: C


Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Answer: A,B,C,E


Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Answer: A,B,F


Lighting and Shadow Inconsistency: Light direction is inconsistent across the scene, shadows conflict with implied light sources, unexplained local or global illumination shifts occur, or shadow count does not match the number of physical objects present.

Occlusion Failure: A depth-ordering or layering error where an object that should be blocked by a nearer surface remains visible, or is incorrectly rendered in front of it.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Baked-in Lighting: Surface albedo and lighting are not properly separated—shading appears baked into the surface such that when the light source moves or the subject rotates, the brightness distribution remains static rather than updating to reflect the new illumination geometry, most pronounced when the subject rotates in place under a directional light.

Refraction Distortion: Light passing through curved or refractive transparent materials (e.g., glass spheres, bubbles, water bodies, crystal) fails to produce physically plausible optical effects—including geometric distortion of background objects as seen through the medium (e.g., inverted and wide-angle compression in bubbles or water droplets), caustic light patterns on surrounding surfaces, or the apparent positional shift of submerged objects due to Snell's law. A typical failure case is a bubble or glass ball in which the reflected/refracted scene appears undistorted or upright, when physics requires an inverted, compressed wide-angle image.

Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Answer: A


Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Depth and Perspective Distortion: Perspective or depth relationships in the scene are geometrically implausible. This includes static errors (such as misaligned vanishing points, or background objects appearing disproportionately massive relative to foreground elements), as well as dynamic errors during camera movement (such as objects scaling at physically incorrect rates as the camera approaches or recedes, failing to follow the natural laws of perspective).

Answer: A,C,E


Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Answer: A,F


Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Color and Exposure Anomaly: Perceptual irregularities in color and luminance, characterized by: excessively vivid or artificially pure primary RGB hues; flat surfaces lacking gradient across lighting transitions; implausibly high/low exposure causing detail loss in highlights or shadows; or hard, opaque bright regions lacking the soft gradation of natural glare.

Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Answer: A,C,D


Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F


Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Answer: A,E


Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Answer: B,E


Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Answer: D,E


Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Answer: B,C,F


Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Answer: E,F


Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Flickering and Noise: Static surfaces exhibit shimmering, crawling patterns, or grid-like noise across frames.

Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Oversmoothing: Surfaces appear unnaturally smooth, waxy, or plastic-like, with expected micro-textures (pores, fibers, scratches) absent or visibly suppressed.

Answer: D,E,F


Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Answer: A,F


Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F


Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Lighting and Shadow Inconsistency: Light direction is inconsistent across the scene, shadows conflict with implied light sources, unexplained local or global illumination shifts occur, or shadow count does not match the number of physical objects present.

Reflection Inconsistency: Reflections on mirrors, water, or glass do not correspond to the actual scene, either misrepresenting subject position or appearance, or exhibiting unphysical distortion.

Baked-in Lighting: Surface albedo and lighting are not properly separated—shading appears baked into the surface such that when the light source moves or the subject rotates, the brightness distribution remains static rather than updating to reflect the new illumination geometry, most pronounced when the subject rotates in place under a directional light.

Answer: C,E


Unnatural Camera Motion: Jerky camera jitter, impossible physics-defying movement, or anomalies occurring during zooming or refocusings like desynchronized parallax and focus jumping.

Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Answer: E,F


Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Answer: C,D


Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Texture Inconsistency: A localized region on a continuous surface shows a perceptible break in texture density, scale, or orientation relative to its surroundings, excluding intentional design variations such as prints, patterns, or patchwork.

Inconsistent Blur: Blur that is spatially incoherent and cannot be explained by depth-of-field or motion blur. Manifests as arbitrary local softening or loss of detail in regions that should be sharp given the scene's focus and motion context.

Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Text and Symbol Unreadable: In-scene text or symbols are either severely distorted or garbled into illegible characters, or visually well-formed but semantically meaningless.

Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Answer: A,E


Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Answer: C


Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Answer: E


Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Abnormal Multi-Object Merging/Splitting: Erroneous violation of object boundaries where independent entities unnaturally fuse together or a single cohesive object spontaneously fragments without external force.

Lighting and Shadow Inconsistency: Light direction is inconsistent across the scene, shadows conflict with implied light sources, unexplained local or global illumination shifts occur, or shadow count does not match the number of physical objects present.

Feature Instability: Unjustified temporal mutation of attributes that should remain constant throughout a scene—including entity identity, body proportions, fine-grained appearance details (e.g., button count, eye color, texture patterns), and scene-bound clothing—where no narrative motivation (such as an explicit costume change or time skip) accounts for the observed shift. Extrinsic attributes that are narratively mutable (e.g., pose, expression, lighting response) are excluded from this definition.

Answer: E


Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Answer: E


Answer: F


Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Answer: B,C,E


Identical Multi-Subject Motion: Multiple characters in a scene perform perfectly synchronized actions or share the exact same facial expressions and demeanors, lacking the natural randomness and individual variance expected in a real crowd.

Answer: C


Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Answer: E


Unnatural Morphing: Physically implausible deformations where rigid bodies exhibit non-rigid, fluid-like warping, stretching, or kinematic-violating scaling and twisting, or where any object's established basic shape undergoes unexpected distortion over time, such as an inelastic rope suddenly elongating.

Answer: D,E


Spatial Clipping: Two distinct objects interpenetrate each other's geometry, with one surface passing through another as if they occupied the same space.

Occlusion Failure: A depth-ordering or layering error where an object that should be blocked by a nearer surface remains visible, or is incorrectly rendered in front of it.

Answer: A


Answer: B,D,F


Baked-in Lighting: Surface albedo and lighting are not properly separated—shading appears baked into the surface such that when the light source moves or the subject rotates, the brightness distribution remains static rather than updating to reflect the new illumination geometry, most pronounced when the subject rotates in place under a directional light.

Reflection Inconsistency: Reflections on mirrors, water, or glass do not correspond to the actual scene, either misrepresenting subject position or appearance, or exhibiting unphysical distortion.

Depth and Perspective Distortion: Perspective or depth relationships in the scene are geometrically implausible. This includes static errors (such as misaligned vanishing points, or background objects appearing disproportionately massive relative to foreground elements), as well as dynamic errors during camera movement (such as objects scaling at physically incorrect rates as the camera approaches or recedes, failing to follow the natural laws of perspective).

Answer: C


Canonical Appearance Violation: The visual representation of a well-known entity violates its universally accepted appearance or canonical form or scale, such as depicting the Earth with incorrect colors or landmass distributions.

Unnatural Biological Motion: Living creatures move in ways that defy physics or biology, such as sliding across the ground without walking, joints bending in impossible directions, or jerky and stuttering movements.

Abnormal Object Disappearance/Appearance: An object or person suddenly pops into or vanishes from the scene into thin air without being covered by anything or having a logical reason to enter or leave.

Answer: E


Action Without Consequence: An action is performed but produces no physical reaction or change in the target object, such as spilling water without wetting the ground or eating without the food amount decreasing.

Irreversibility Violation: An irreversible physical process is unnaturally reversed or undone, such as shattered glass fragments fusing back together or a burnt object restoring itself to its original state.

Answer: A,C,E,F


Action-Context Mismatch: Illogical behaviors or physical operations that blatantly contradict common sense, functional intent, or the established narrative context, despite adhering to basic physics. This encompasses biological absurdities (such as smelling the bottom of a bottle, fleeing towards danger, or misaligned gazes in a group photo), as well as impossible object phenomena (like a car spouting water, an intact bottle leaking, or a spaceship flying contrary to its propulsion direction).

Abnormal Facial Expression: Facial movements appear robotic or distorted because only certain parts of the face move (e.g., the mouth moves while the eyes and cheeks stay frozen), or muscles pull in unnatural directions during intense expressions.

Answer: B


Non-Biological Structural Loss: Objects or environments have broken structures or missing essential parts, such as bridges without pillars, disconnected walls, or deformed buildings and roads that make them physically impossible.

Biological Anatomy Violation: Static anatomical deformities that contradict fundamental biological common sense, encompassing skeletal and limb anomalies—such as extra digits, missing limbs, unequal limb lengths, or absent joints—as well as impossible facial structures like multiple pupils in a single eye or more than one nose on a face.

Answer: B,C


Spatial Coherence: The relative positions, orientations, gaze directions, or interaction points between subjects are inconsistent—either across camera cuts (e.g., eyeline direction reverses after a cut) or within a continuous shot (e.g., two characters' relative positions drift without physical motivation). Typical failures include 180-degree rule violations, gaze mismatches where a character looks left when their interlocutor is on the right, and interaction contact points that shift between frames.

Dynamic and Kinematic Inconsistency: Movement breaks basic physics regarding trajectory, speed, or environmental interaction(rather than object shape), such as parts of a single solid object moving at different speeds, incorrect relative motion between a moving subject and its background, or fluids like water and smoke failing to splash or flow according to inertia.

Consequence Without Valid Action: A physical result occurs without a matching trigger or causal action, such as a skateboard rotating on its own or the volume of water increasing without any source.

Answer: A,C,E,F