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b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32102/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..96646b7bff44a63228b33bf38ca788fe478a7fa3 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32102/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1241 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 4 General..... | 11 | +| 4.1 PLMN Telecom Management..... | 11 | +| 4.1.1 3GPP Reference Model ..... | 11 | +| 4.1.2 3GPP Provisioning Entities ..... | 11 | +| 4.1.3 Management Infrastructure of the PLMN ..... | 12 | +| 4.2 TMN..... | 12 | +| 4.3 Management of Next Generation Networks..... | 12 | +| 5 General view of PLMN Management Physical architectures..... | 13 | +| 6 Basic objectives for PLMN Management Physical Architecture ..... | 14 | +| 7 TM Architectural aspects ..... | 15 | +| 7.1 Architectural relationship..... | 15 | +| 7.2 Architectural constraints ..... | 16 | +| 7.3 Interoperability ..... | 17 | +| 7.3.1 Introduction ..... | 17 | +| 7.3.2 Interfaces ..... | 17 | +| 7.3.3 Entities of a 3GPP system ..... | 19 | +| 7.3.4 Open systems approach ..... | 21 | +| 7.3.5 Level of openness..... | 21 | +| 7.3.6 Closed interfaces ..... | 21 | +| 7.4 Data communication networks..... | 22 | +| 7.5 New technologies..... | 23 | +| 8 3GPP Management Physical architectures ..... | 24 | +| 8.1 Compliance Conditions..... | 24 | +| 8.2 Network Element (NE) management architecture ..... | 25 | +| 8.3 Subnetwork Management Architecture..... | 27 | +| 8.4 Operations Systems interoperability architecture ..... | 28 | +| 8.5 Operations Systems intra-operability architecture ..... | 29 | +| 8.6 Enterprise management System interconnection architecture ..... | 30 | +| 9 TMN applications ..... | 31 | +| The complexity and heterogeneous nature of a 3G system calls for easy integration (plug&play) of HW/SW.9.1
Management
function blocks | 31 | +| 9.2 Management physical blocks ..... | 32 | +| 9.3 IRP concept enabling TMN applications ..... | 33 | +| 10 Void..... | 34 | +| 11 Implementation aspects..... | 34 | +| 12 3GPP TMN Conformance..... | 35 | +| 13 TMN planning and design considerations ..... | 36 | +| 13.1 Function attributes..... | 36 | +| 13.2 Functional characteristics..... | 37 | +| 13.3 Critical attributes ..... | 37 | +| 13.4 Protocol selection ..... | 37 | +| 13.5 Communications considerations ..... | 37 | +| 14 Mediation/Integration..... | 38 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Annex A (informative): | Technology considerations ..... | 40 | +| A.1 | Management physical blocks ..... | 40 | +| A.1.1 | Operations System (OS)..... | 40 | +| A.1.2 | Void..... | 40 | +| A.1.3 | Void..... | 40 | +| A.1.4 | Void..... | 40 | +| A.1.5 | Void..... | 40 | +| A.1.6 | Void..... | 40 | +| A.1.7 | Void..... | 40 | +| A.1.8 | Network Element (NE)..... | 40 | +| A.1.9 | Data Communication Network (DCN) ..... | 41 | +| A.1.9.1 | Transformation ..... | 41 | +| A.1.9.1.1 | Adaptation device ..... | 41 | +| A.1.9.1.2 | Mediation device..... | 41 | +| A.1.9.2 | Distributed multi-element structure..... | 41 | +| A.1.10 | Management logical layered architecture within the management physical view ..... | 42 | +| A.1.11 | Interface concept ..... | 42 | +| A.2 | Standard interfaces..... | 42 | +| Annex B (informative): | Overview of a 3GPP System..... | 44 | +| Annex C (informative): | Change history..... | 45 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document identifies and standardises the most important and strategic contexts in the physical architecture for the management of PLMNs. It serves as a framework to help define a telecom management physical architecture for a planned PLMN and to adopt standards and provide products that are easy to integrate. + +The requirements identified in the present document are applicable to all further development of 3GPP Telecom Management specifications as well as the development of PLMN Management products. The present document can be seen as guidance for the development of all other Technical Specification addressing the management of PLMNs, except TS 32.101 [2]. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] ITU-T Recommendation M.3010 (2000): "Principles for a Telecommunications management network". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] Void. +- [4] ITU-T Recommendation X.200 (1994): "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Basic Reference Model: The basic model". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [6] Void. +- [7] Void. +- [8] Void. +- [9] TMF GB910: "Smart TMN Telecom Operations Map (Release 2.1)". +- [10] TMF GB909: "Smart TMN Technology Integration Map (Issue 1.1)". +- [11] ITU-T Recommendation M.3013 (2000): "Considerations for a telecommunications management network". +- [12] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network architecture". +- [13] 3GPP TS 23.101: "General UMTS Architecture". +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.111-x: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management;". +- [15] OMG: "Unified Modelling Language Specification, Version 1.4, September 2001". +- [16] ITU-T Recommendation M.3060/Y.2401 (2006): "Principles for the Management of Next Generation Networks" . + +- [17] [ETSI TS 188 001 V1.2.1 TISPAN; "NGN management; Operations Support Systems Architecture"](#). + - [18] [ITU-T Recommendation Y.2011 \(2004\), "General principles and general reference model for Next Generation Networks"](#). + - [19] [ITU-T Recommendation Y.2001 \(2004\), "General overview of NGN"](#). + - [20] [ITU-T M.3050.x series \(2004\), "TMN Enhanced Telecom Operations Map \(eTOM\)"](#). +- + +# 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following definitions apply: + +**architecture:** organisational structure of a system or component, their relationships, and the principles and guidelines governing their design and evolution over time + +**closed interfaces:** privately controlled system/subsystem boundary descriptions that are not disclosed to the public or are unique to a single supplier + +**de facto standard:** standard that is widely accepted and used but that lacks formal approval by a recognised standards organisation + +**Information Service (IS):** Defined in 3GPP TS 32.150 [5]. +**interface standard:** standard that specifies the physical or functional interface characteristics of systems, subsystems, equipment, assemblies, components, items or parts to permit interchangeability, interconnection, interoperability, compatibility, or communications + +**interoperability:** ability of two or more systems or components to exchange data and use information + +**intra-operability:** ability to interchange and use information, functions and services among components within a system + +**Integration Reference Point (IRP):** Defined in 3GPP TS 32.150 [5]. + +**Managed Object:** Defined in 3GPP TS 32.150 [5]. + +**management infrastructure:** Defined in TS 32.101 [2]. +**market acceptance:** means that an item has been accepted in the market as evidenced by annual sales, length of time available for sale, and after-sale support capability. + +**modular:** pertaining to the design concept in which interchangeable units are employed to create a functional end product. + +**module:** interchangeable item that contains components. In computer programming, a program unit that is discrete and identifiable with respect to compiling, combining with other modules, and loading is called a module. + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** Defined in 3GPP TS 32.150 [5]. + +**Next Generation Networks Management (NGNM):** Planning, provisioning, installation, maintenance, operation and administration of next generation telecommunications equipment for transmission or control of resources and services within NGN transport and service strata. NGNM is defined by ITU-T [16]. + +**NGN service stratum:** that part of the NGN which provides the user functions that transfer service-related data and the functions that control and manage service resources and network services to enable user services and applications. + +**NGN transport stratum:** that part of the NGN which provides the user functions that transfer data and the functions that control and manage transport resources to carry such data between terminating entities. + +**open specifications:** public specifications that are maintained by an open, public consensus process to accommodate new technologies over time and that are consistent with international standards + +**open standards:** widely accepted and supported standards set by recognised standards organisation or the commercial market place. These standards support interoperability, portability, and scalability and are equally available to the general public at no cost or with a moderate license fee. + +**open systems strategy:** focuses on fielding superior telecom capability more quickly and more affordably by using multiple suppliers and commercially supported practices, products, specifications, and standards, which are selected based on performance, cost, industry acceptance, long term availability and supportability, and upgrade potential. + +**physical architecture:** minimal set of rules governing the arrangement, interaction, and interdependence of the parts or elements whose purpose is to ensure that a conformant system satisfies a specified set of requirements. The physical architecture identifies the services, interfaces, standards, and their relationships. It provides the technical guidelines for implementation of systems upon which engineering specifications are based and common building blocks are built. + +**PLMN Organisation:** see 3GPP TS 32.101 [2]. + +**plug&play:** term for easy integration of HW/SW + +**portability:** the ease with which a system, component, data, or user can be transferred from one hardware or software environment to another + +**proprietary specifications:** specifications, which are exclusively owned by a private individual or corporation under a trademark or patent, the use of which would require a license + +**reference model:** a generally accepted abstract representation that allows users to focus on establishing definitions, building common understandings and identifying issues for resolution. For TMN Systems acquisitions, a reference model is necessary to establish a context for understanding how the disparate technologies and standards required to implement TMN relate to each other. A reference model provides a mechanism for identifying the key issues associated with applications portability, modularity, scalability and interoperability. Most importantly, reference models will aid in the evaluation and analysis of domain-specific architectures. + +**scalability:** capability to adapt hardware or software to accommodate changing workloads + +**service specific entities:** entities dedicated to the provisioning of a given (set of) service(s). The fact that they are implemented or not in a given PLMN should have limited impact on all the other entities of the PLMN. + +**Solution Set (SS):** Defined in 3GPP TS 32.150 [5]. + +**specification:** document that prescribes, in a complete, precise, verifiable manner, the requirements, design, behaviour, or characteristics of a system or system component + +**standard:** document that establishes uniform engineering and technical requirements for processes, procedures, practices, and methods. Standards may also establish requirements for selection, application, and design criteria of material. + +**standards based architecture:** architecture based on an acceptable set of open standards governing the arrangement, interaction, and interdependence of the parts or elements that together may be used to form a TMN System, and whose purpose is to insure that a conformant system satisfies a specified set of requirements. + +**Support IOC:** defined in TS 32.150 [5]. + +**system :** any organised assembly of resources and procedures united and regulated by interaction or interdependence to accomplish a set of specific functions + +**System Architecture (SA):** description, including graphics, of systems and interconnections providing for or supporting management functions. The SA defines the physical connection, location, and identification of the key nodes, circuits, networks, platforms, etc., and specifies system and component performance parameters. It is constructed to satisfy Operational Architecture requirements per standards defined in the Physical Architecture. The SA shows how multiple systems within a subject area link and inter-operate, and may describe the internal construction or operations of particular systems within the architecture. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-----|----------------------------------------------| +| 3G | 3 rd Generation | +| AAA | Authentication, Authorisation and Accounting | +| AN | Access Network | +| AS | Application Server | +| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode | + +| | | +|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------| +| AUC | Authentication Centre | +| B2B | Business-to-Business | +| BG | Border Gateway | +| BGCF | Breakout Gateway Control Function | +| BM-SC | Broadcast-Multicast Service Centre | +| BSC | Base Station Controller | +| BSS | Base Station Subsystem | +| BTS | Base Transceiver Station | +| C2B | Customer-to-Business | +| CAMEL | Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic | +| CBC | Cell Broadcast Center | +| CBS | Cell Broadcast Service | +| CMIS | Common Management Information Service | +| CMISE | Common Management Information Service Element | +| CN | Core Network | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| CRF | Charging Rules Function | +| CS | Circuit Switched | +| CSCF | Call Session Control Function | +| DCN | Data Communication Network | +| DECT | Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications | +| DSS1 | Digital Subscriber System 1 | +| EIR | Equipment Identity Register | +| EM | Element Manager | +| E-OS | Element Management Layer-Operations System | +| F/W | Firewall | +| FM | Fault Management | +| FTAM | File Transfer, Access and Management | +| GCR | Group Call Register | +| GDMO | Guidelines for the Definition of Managed Objects | +| GGSN | Gateway GPRS Support Node | +| GMLC | Gateway Mobile Location Center | +| GMSC | Gateway MSC | +| GPRS | General Packet Radio Service | +| GTT | Global Text Telephony | +| HLR | Home Location Register | +| HMI | Human Machine Interface | +| HSS | Home Subscriber Server | +| HTTP | HyperText Transfer Protocol | +| HW | Hardware | +| I-CSCF | Interrogating CSCF | +| IBCF | Interconnection Border Control Function | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language | +| IIOP | Internet Inter-ORB Protocol | +| IMS | IP Multimedia Subsystem | +| INAP | Intelligent Network Application Part | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| ISDN | Integrated Services Digital Network | +| IWU | Inter Working Unit | +| LCS | Location Services | +| LLA | Logical Layered Architecture | +| LMU | Location Measurement Unit | +| MBMS | Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service | +| MD | Mediation Device | +| ME | Mobile Equipment | +| MGCF | Media Gateway Control Function | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| MMI | Man-Machine Interface | +| MML | Man-Machine Language | +| MMS | Multimedia Messaging Service | + +| | | +|---------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MNP | Mobile Number Portability | +| MNP-SRF | Mobile Number Portability/Signalling Relay Function | +| MRF | Multimedia Resource Function | +| MRFC | Multimedia Resource Function Controller | +| MRFP | Multimedia Resource Function Processor | +| MSC | Mobile service Switching Centre | +| MT | Mobile Termination | +| NE | Network Element | +| NGN | Next Generation Networks | +| NGNM | Next Generation Networks Management | +| NM | Network Manager | +| N-OS | Network Management Layer-Operations System | +| NPDB | Number Portability Database | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| NSS | Network Switching Subsystem | +| NW | Network | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| OS | Operations System | +| OSA | Open Services Access | +| OSF | Operations System Functions | +| P-CSCF | Proxy CSCF | +| PDH | Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy | +| PS | Packet Switched | +| PSA | Product Specific Applications | +| PSS | Packet Switched Service | +| PSTN | Public Switched Telephone Network | +| QA | Q-Adapter | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| RNS | Radio Network System | +| RSVP | Resource ReserVation Protocol | +| S-CSCF | Serving CSCF | +| SDH | Synchronous Digital Hierarchy | +| SEF | Service Element Function | +| SGSN | Serving GPRS Support Node | +| SGW | Signalling Gateway | +| SIM | Subscriber Identity Module | +| SLA | Service Level Agreement | +| SLF | Subscription Locator Function | +| SMI | Structure of Management Information | +| SMLC | Serving Mobile Location Center | +| SMS | Short Message Service | +| SNM | Sub-Network Manager | +| SNMP | Simple Network Management Protocol | +| SS | Solution Set | +| SS7 | Signalling System No. 7 | +| SW | Software | +| TA | Terminal Adapter | +| TE | Terminal Equipment | +| TEF | Transport Element Function | +| TM | Telecom Management | +| TMN | Telecommunications Management Network as defined in ITU-T Recommendation M.3010 [1] | +| TrGW | Transition Gateway | +| UE | User Equipment | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | +| USAT | USIM/SIM Application Toolkit | +| USIM | UMTS Subscriber Identity Module | +| UTRA | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| VHE | Virtual Home Environment | +| VLR | Visitor Location Register | + +| | | +|------|---------------------------------| +| WAG | WLAN Access Gateway | +| WBEM | Web Based Enterprise Management | +| WS | WorkStation | + +# --- 4 General + +## 4.1 PLMN Telecom Management + +### 4.1.1 3GPP Reference Model + +A 3GPP System is made of the following components: + +- one or more Access Networks, using different types of access techniques (GSM, UTRA, DECT, PSTN, ISDN, ...) of which at least one is GSM BSS, UTRA; or LTE radio access network +- one or more Core Networks; +- one or more Intelligent Node Networks, service logic and mobility management, (IN, GSM ...); +- one or more transmission networks (PDH, SDH etc) in various topologies (point-to-point, ring, point-to-multipoint etc) and physical means (radio, fibre, copper, etc.). + +The 3GPP system components have signalling mechanisms among them (DSS1, INAP, MAP, SS7, RSVP, etc.). + +From the service perspective, the 3GPP system is defined to offer: + +- service support transparent to the location, access technique and core network, within the bearer capabilities available in one particular case; +- user to terminal and user to network interface (MMI) irrespective of the entities supporting the services required (VHE); +- multimedia capabilities. + +### 4.1.2 3GPP Provisioning Entities + +Two major entities, which cover the set of 3GPP functionalities involved in the provision of the 3GPP services to the user, are identified as follows: + +- **Home Environment:** This entity holds the functionalities that enable a user to obtain 3GPP services in a consistent manner regardless of the user's location or the terminal used. +- **Serving Network:** This entity provides the user with access to the services of the Home Environment. + +### 4.1.3 Management Infrastructure of the PLMN + +Every PLMN Organisation has its own Management Infrastructure. Each Management Infrastructure will contain different functionality depending on the role-played and the equipment used by that Entity. + +However, the core management architecture of the PLMN Organisation is very similar. Every PLMN Organisation: + +- provides services to its customers; +- needs an infrastructure to fulfil them (advertise, ordering, creation, provisioning, ...); +- assures them (Operation, Quality of Service, Trouble Reporting and Fixing, ...); +- bills them (Rating, Discounting, ...). + +Not every PLMN Organisation will implement the complete Management Architecture and related Processes. Some processes may be missing dependent on the role a particular Organisation is embodying. Processes not implemented by a particular Organisation are accessed via interconnections to other organisations, which have implemented these processes (called X-interfaces in the TMN architecture). + +The Management architecture itself does not distinguish between external and internal interfaces. + +## 4.2 TMN + +TMN (Telecommunications Management Network), as defined in [1], provides: + +- an architecture, made of OS (Operations Systems) and NEs (Network Elements), and the interfaces between them (Q, within one Operator Domain and X, between different Operators); +- the methodology to define those interfaces; +- other architectural tools such as LLA (Logical Layered Architecture) that help to further refine and define the Management Architecture of a given management area; +- a number of generic and/or common management functions to be specialised/applied to various and specific TMN interfaces. + +The PLMN Management Architecture is largely based on TMN, and will reuse those functions, methods and interfaces already defined (or being defined) that are suitable for the management needs of a PLMN. However, the new challenges of 3GPP Telecom Management may require the exploration and incorporation of other concepts (other management paradigms widely accepted and deployed). + +## 4.3 Management of Next Generation Networks + +Next Generation Networks (NGN) as defined in [18, 19], are essentially about delivering new services that are available any place, any time, and on any device, through any customer-chosen access mechanism. + +NGN Management (NGNM) [16] supports the aims of the NGN by decoupling and make independent, the service creation/deployment infrastructure from the transport infrastructure. The decoupling is reflected in the NGN architecture as the separation of the Transport and Service strata and shown as two independent stratum. NGNM also introduces the NGN management plane, union of the NGN service stratum management plane and the NGN transport stratum management plane and may include joint management functions, i.e., functions used to manage entities in both strata plus functions required to support this management [18]. + +NGNM introduces a new set of grouping of management functionality compared to TMN LLA to better support the complexity of the NGN .e.g. NGNM Resource Management layer encompasses the Network Management layer and the Element Management layer. + +The PLMN management architecture will facilitate the ITU-T NGN Management principles above where necessary and suitable. + +# --- 5 General view of PLMN Management Physical architectures + +Telecom Management Architectures can vary greatly in scope and detail. The architecture for a large service provider, with a lot of existing legacy systems and applications, upon which many services are based, will be of high complexity. In contrast, the architectural needs of a start-up mobile operator providing its services to a small group of value-added Service Providers will be much less and will probably focus on more short-term needs. + +A mobile network operator has to manage many different types of networks as radio networks, exchanges, transmission networks, area networks, intelligent nodes and substantial amounts of computer hardware/software. This wide variety of network equipment will most probably be obtained from a variety of equipment vendors. The nature of a mobile radio network will be heterogeneous and will present a number of operational difficulties for the service provider on enabling effective and efficient network management. + +The standardisation work for the management of a PLMN has adopted the top-down approach and will from business needs identify functional and informational architectures. The physical architecture will have to meet these requirements and as there are many ways to build a PLMN it will vary greatly from one TMN solution to another. There will be many physical implementations, as different entities will take different roles in a PLMN. + +It is obvious that it will not be meaningful or even possible to fully standardise a common Telecom Management physical architecture for PLMNs. The present document will identify and standardise the most important and strategic contexts and serve as a framework to help define a physical architecture for a planned PLMN. + +# --- 6 Basic objectives for PLMN Management Physical Architecture + +The management of a 3GPP system will put a lot of new requirements to the management systems compared to the second generation of Mobile telephony. Some of the challenging requirements affecting the physical architecture are: + +- To be capable of managing equipment supplied by different vendors. +- To enable TM automation in a more cost efficient way - TM optimised for maximum efficiency and effectiveness. +- To provide PLMN configuration capabilities that are flexible enough to allow rapid deployment of services. +- To report events and reactions in a common way in order to allow remote control. +- To allow interoperability between Network Operators/Service Providers for the exchange of management/charging information. +- To be scaleable and applicable to both larger and small deployments. +- Accessibility to information. +- To profit from advances and standards in IT and datacom industry. + +The second generation of mobile networks can - from a management point of view - be characterised as the era of vendor-dependent NE managers. The different OSs had very low interoperability with other systems and functional blocks could rarely be re-used. The Mobile Telecom Management Networks were far away from the TMN vision where one vendor's OS should be able to manage other vendors' network elements. + +PLMN Organisations need cost-effective management solutions and better time to market focus. Interoperability, scalability and re-use are keywords for the new generation of management systems. + +Many of the new requirements on the management of PLMNs can only be solved by defining and establishing a suitable physical architecture. Though it is not possible to standardise on one single TM physical architecture, it is evidently so that the success of a Telecom Management Network of a PLMN Organisation will heavily depend on critical physical architectural issues. The present document will identify those architectural critical issues. + +# 7 TM Architectural aspects + +## 7.1 Architectural relationship + +The basic aspects of a TM architecture, which can be considered when planning and designing a TM network are: + +- The functional architecture. +- The information architecture. +- The physical architecture. + +The management requirements - from the business needs - will be the base for the functional architecture, which will describe the functions that have to be achieved. The information architecture defines what information that has to be provided so the functions defined in the functional architecture can be achieved. The physical architecture has to meet both the functional architecture and the information architectures. Other constraints from reality will also have impact to the physical architecture as cost, performance, legacy systems and all preferences any operator will have on a big capital investment as a TM network. + +![Diagram illustrating the architectural relationship between Business needs, Functional Architecture, Information Architecture, and Physical Architecture.](c67d21fb3d9042e88cdc669f071b4e7c_img.jpg) + +``` +graph LR; BusinessNeeds[Business needs] --> Functional[Functional Architecture]; Functional <--> Information[Information Architecture]; Functional --> Physical[Physical Architecture]; Information --> Physical; Constraints[Cost Performance Legacy Preferences] --> Physical; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the architectural relationship. It starts with 'Business needs' on the left, which points to 'Functional Architecture' in the center. 'Functional Architecture' and 'Information Architecture' are connected by a double-headed vertical arrow. 'Functional Architecture' points to 'Physical Architecture' on the right. 'Information Architecture' also points to 'Physical Architecture'. Below 'Physical Architecture', a box containing 'Cost', 'Performance', 'Legacy', and 'Preferences' points up to it. The 'Physical Architecture' box is shaded gray. + +Diagram illustrating the architectural relationship between Business needs, Functional Architecture, Information Architecture, and Physical Architecture. + +Figure 7.1: Architectural relationship + +## 7.2 Architectural constraints + +Large software systems, such as a network management system, are a capital investment that operators cannot afford to scrap every time its requirements change. Operators are seeking cost-effective solutions to their short-term needs. All these reality-related issues are vital constraints that should be addressed in the definition of the architecture. + +The standardisation of 3GPP systems will bring new and different services that will add new demands on telecommunications management. Every PLMN organisation will include different functionality depending on the role-played and the equipment used by that entity. Regulation may force some of the roles that shall be taken. The need to link systems across corporate boundaries will be a consequence of this. + +The rapid evolution of new services and technologies will also put requirements on the PLMN physical management architecture to accommodate market and technology trends. To future-proof investments and continuously be able to take advantage of new technologies are important constraints to the physical architecture. + +A PLMN TMN should also adopt an architecture that will achieve scalability and extensibility of systems and networks so the TMN can grow as the services expand over time. To start with a small TMN and easily be able to expand the TMN after new requirements will be important issues for most PLMN operators. + +The Telecom Management Network will be just one part of the overall business of a company. System management, general security issues and development strategies can be the target for company policies. System architectures and technology choices, as well as the availability of off-the-shelf commercial systems and software components that fulfil the requirements established in the present document, may be critical to an operator's implementation of the specified management architecture. + +## 7.3 Interoperability + +### 7.3.1 Introduction + +The new requirement on a 3GPP system TMN will imply a focus change from network element management towards management of information "information management". Network and service providers make use of different information in several different ways which also may vary from network to network and from time to time. Basic information such as alarms is of course essential information for localising faults but may also be the key information to be able to set up a service with a service level agreement. + +Numerous different interfaces can be identified in a PLMN network in the areas of network element management, network management and service management. The most important and complex of these interfaces will be standardised but many interfaces of less importance are unlikely to be fully standardised and will be up to the individual operator and vendor to develop. To adopt mainstream computing technologies, re-use widely used protocols, standards and an open system architecture will be essential to secure interworking between all physical entities in a PLMN. + +Low-cost and general access to management systems information will be needed. Obviously this is the critical issue and challenging task in the heterogeneous, distributed and complex network of a PLMN. + +### 7.3.2 Interfaces + +A PLMN will consist of many different types of components based on different types of technologies. There will be access-, core-, transmission- and service node networks and many of the components have already been the targets for Telecom Management standardisation at different levels. Many of these standards will be reused and the management domain of a PLMN will thereby consist of many TMNs. The architecture of PLMN TMNs should support distributed TMNs and TMN-interworking on peer-to-peer basis. + +The Telecom Management Architecture can vary greatly in scope and detail, because of scale of operation and that different organisations may take different roles in a PLMN (see clause 5). The architecture of PLMN TMNs should provide a high degree of flexibility to meet the various topological conditions as the physical distribution and the number of NEs. Flexibility is also required to allow high degree of centralisation of personnel and the administrative practices as well as allowing dispersion to administrative domains. The 3GPP Telecom Management architecture should be such that the NEs will operate in the same way, independently of the OS architecture. + +Figure 7.3.2.1 illustrates the basic domains in a 3GPP system (identified in 3GPP Technical Specifications [12], [13]), related management functional areas and introduces Interface-N (Itf-N). + +![Figure 7.3.2.1: Overview of 3GPP Telecom Management Domains and Itf-N. The diagram shows a hierarchy of management domains. At the top is a box labeled 'OSF for Network Management and Service Management'. Below it, a vertical line labeled 'Itf-N' connects to a large horizontal box labeled 'NE Management'. Inside this box, from left to right, are: 'OSF User Equipment Domain', 'OSF Access Network Domain', a large box labeled 'OSF Core Network Basic Entities Domain' containing four sub-boxes: 'Common CN Domain', 'CS Domain', 'GPRS PS Domain', and 'EPC PS Domain', and 'OSF Core Network Service Specific Entities'.](9b62a616c7a1097c5da57f001ab6dd64_img.jpg) + +Figure 7.3.2.1: Overview of 3GPP Telecom Management Domains and Itf-N. The diagram shows a hierarchy of management domains. At the top is a box labeled 'OSF for Network Management and Service Management'. Below it, a vertical line labeled 'Itf-N' connects to a large horizontal box labeled 'NE Management'. Inside this box, from left to right, are: 'OSF User Equipment Domain', 'OSF Access Network Domain', a large box labeled 'OSF Core Network Basic Entities Domain' containing four sub-boxes: 'Common CN Domain', 'CS Domain', 'GPRS PS Domain', and 'EPC PS Domain', and 'OSF Core Network Service Specific Entities'. + +**Figure 7.3.2.1: Overview of 3GPP Telecom Management Domains and Itf-N** + +Itf-N between the NE OSFs and NM/SM OSFs could be used by the network- and service management systems to transfer management messages, notifications and service management requests via the NE OSF to the Network Elements (NEs). + +This interface shall be open and the information models standardised. + +Telecom management interfaces may be considered from two perspectives: + +- 1) the management information model; +- 2) the management information exchange. + +The management information models will be standardised in other 3GPP documents but the management information exchange will be further described in this architectural standard. + +The management task will vary greatly between different network elements in a PLMN. Some NEs are of high complexity e.g. a RNC, while others such as border gateways is of less complexity. Different application protocols can be chosen to best suite the management requirements of the different Network Elements and the technology used. + +Application protocols can be categorised out of many capabilities as: + +- Functionality; +- Implementation complexity; +- Processor requirements; +- Cost efficiency; +- Market acceptance, availability of "off the shelf commercial systems and software". + +For each Telecom Management interface that will be standardised by 3GPP at least one of the accepted protocols will be recommended. Accepted application protocols (e.g. SNMP, CORBA IIOP) are defined in TS 32.101 [2], annex A. + +Figure 7.3.2.2 below illustrates the basic domains in a 3GPP system (identified in 3GPP Technical Specifications [12], [13]), related management functional areas and introduces Interface-P (Itf-P2P). + +![Figure 7.3.2.2: Overview of 3GPP Telecom Management Domains and Itf-P2P. The diagram shows a hierarchy of management domains. At the top is 'OSF for Network Management and Service Management'. Below it, connected by 'Itf-N', is a large box labeled 'NE Management' containing four sub-domains: 'OSF User Equipment Domain', 'OSF Access Network Domain', 'OSF Core Network Basic Entities Domain' (which includes 'Common CN Domain', 'CS Domain', 'GPRS PS Domain', and 'EPC PS Domain'), and 'OSF Core Network Service Specific Entities'. To the right of the 'NE Management' box is another box labeled 'NE Management' connected by 'Itf-P2P'.](aa9441a5971655a79987d70fc551b26a_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + OSF_NMSM[OSF for Network Management and Service Management] -- Itf-N --> NE_Mgmt + subgraph NE_Mgmt [NE Management] + direction LR + UED[OSF User Equipment Domain] + AND[OSF Access Network Domain] + subgraph CNBED [OSF Core Network Basic Entities Domain] + direction LR + CND[Common CN Domain] + CD[CS Domain] + GPRSPSD[GPRS PS Domain] + EPSD[EPC PS Domain] + end + OSF_CNSE[OSF Core Network Service Specific Entities] + end + NE_Mgmt -- Itf-P2P --> NE_Mgmt_R[NE Management] + +``` + +Figure 7.3.2.2: Overview of 3GPP Telecom Management Domains and Itf-P2P. The diagram shows a hierarchy of management domains. At the top is 'OSF for Network Management and Service Management'. Below it, connected by 'Itf-N', is a large box labeled 'NE Management' containing four sub-domains: 'OSF User Equipment Domain', 'OSF Access Network Domain', 'OSF Core Network Basic Entities Domain' (which includes 'Common CN Domain', 'CS Domain', 'GPRS PS Domain', and 'EPC PS Domain'), and 'OSF Core Network Service Specific Entities'. To the right of the 'NE Management' box is another box labeled 'NE Management' connected by 'Itf-P2P'. + +**Figure 7.3.2.2: Overview of 3GPP Telecom Management Domains and Itf-P2P** + +Itf-P2P between two NE OSFs (or NE Management as shown in the above figure) could be used to transfer network management information such as network configuration management information + +The information model and the protocols used shall be those defined for Itf-P2P. They are listed in Annex E of [2]. + +### 7.3.3 Entities of a 3GPP system + +To provide the mobile service as defined in a 3GPP system, some specific functions are introduced [12]. These functional entities can be implemented in different physical equipments or gathered. In any case, exchanges of data occur between these entities and from the Telecom Management perspective they can all normally be treated as network elements. The basic telecom management functional areas such as fault management, configuration management, performance management and security management are all applicable to these entities. As such they are all the targets for 3GPP Telecom Management technical Specifications. + +As discussed in clause 5, there will be many possible ways to build a 3GPP system and thereby many possible architectures of a mobile system. The entities presented in figure 7.3 should be treated as the fundamental building blocks of any possible implementation of a 3GPP system. + +![Figure 7.3.3.1: Examples of entities of the mobile system to be managed. This diagram illustrates the architecture of a 3GPP mobile system, categorized into Service Specific Entities and Basic Entities, and organized by network domain: UE (User Equipment), AN (Access Network), and CN (Core Network).](a734898ce18e972938949637c32a34f4_img.jpg) + +The diagram is organized into two main horizontal sections: **Service Specific Entities** (top) and **Basic Entities** (bottom). The vertical axis on the left is labeled with these two categories. The horizontal axis at the bottom is divided into three domains: **UE** (User Equipment), **AN** (Access Network), and **CN** (Core Network). The CN domain is further subdivided into **CS** (Circuit Switched), **Common PS / CS** (Packet Switched / Circuit Switched), **GPRS PS** (Packet Switched), and **EPC PS** (Evolved Packet Core Packet Switched). + +**Service Specific Entities:** + +- UE:** MS (MSISDN, USIM, ISIM), ME (MT, TE, TA). +- AN:** BSS (BSC, BTS), RNS (RNC, NodeB), E-UTRAN (eNB, Evolved UTRAN). +- CN (CS):** GCR, LCS (LCS in RAN, GMLC, LMU, E-SMLC), CBS (CBC), MNP (NPDB, MNP - SRF). +- CN (Common PS / CS):** IM CN Subsystem (CSCF, MGCF, IMS - MGW, MRFC, MRFP, MRB, BGCF, AS, IBCF, TrGW, LRF, SCC AS, EATF, ATCF, ATGW), MBMS (BM-SC, MBMS-GW, MCE), CAMEL (gsmSCF, gsmSSF, gsmSRF, gprsSSF), GTT, SGW, SEG, CRF, GUP Server. +- CN (GPRS PS):** 3GPP/WLAN IW (WLAN UE, 3GPP AAA Proxy, 3GPP AAA Server, WAG, PDG, HA), SMSIP (IP-SM-GW), SPR, BBERF, AFE, UDR, TDF. +- CN (EPC PS):** Home eNodeB (HNS, HeNS, CSG ListServer, CSS), MTC (MTC-IWF, MTC-AAA), SD flow based CCF, OFCS, OCS, PCRF, PCEF. + +**Basic Entities:** + +- UE:** MS (UICC, USIM, ISIM), ME (MT, TE, TA). +- AN:** BSS (BSC, BTS), RNS (RNC, NodeB), E-UTRAN (eNB, Evolved UTRAN). +- CN (CS):** MSC (MSC Server, CS-MGW), GMSC (GMSC Server), IWF. +- CN (Common PS / CS):** HSS (HLR, AUC, HSS logical functions), VLR, EIR, SMS I-GMSC, SMS-IWMSC, SLF. +- CN (GPRS PS):** GPRS (SGSN, GGSN). +- CN (EPC PS):** MME, Gateways (Serving GW, PDN GW), ePDG, 3GPP AAA server, 3GPP AAA proxy, ANDSF. + +Figure 7.3.3.1: Examples of entities of the mobile system to be managed. This diagram illustrates the architecture of a 3GPP mobile system, categorized into Service Specific Entities and Basic Entities, and organized by network domain: UE (User Equipment), AN (Access Network), and CN (Core Network). + +Figure 7.3.3.1: Examples of entities of the mobile system to be managed + +In figure 7.3.3.2 the prime domains for the standardisation effort of 3GPP Telecom Management are shown as shaded. + +![High level 3GPP system Network architecture diagram showing OSF for Network and Service Management connected to Access network, Basic entities in Core network, and Service Specific entities, which are further connected to IP-infrastructure, PSTN ISDN PLMN, and Internet, with Application servers also connected to IP-infrastructure.](523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the high-level 3GPP system network architecture. At the top, a shaded oval labeled "OSF for Network and Service Management" is connected to three shaded ovals: "Access network", "Basic entities in Core network", and "Service Specific entities". These three ovals are interconnected by horizontal lines. Below them, a cloud labeled "IP-infrastructure" is connected to the "Basic entities in Core network" and "Service Specific entities". To the left of the IP-infrastructure cloud is another cloud labeled "PSTN ISDN PLMN", which is also connected to the "Basic entities in Core network". To the right of the IP-infrastructure cloud is a cloud labeled "Internet", which is connected to the "IP-infrastructure" and an oval labeled "Application servers". The "Application servers" oval is also connected to the "IP-infrastructure". + +High level 3GPP system Network architecture diagram showing OSF for Network and Service Management connected to Access network, Basic entities in Core network, and Service Specific entities, which are further connected to IP-infrastructure, PSTN ISDN PLMN, and Internet, with Application servers also connected to IP-infrastructure. + +Figure 7.3.3.2: High level 3GPP system Network architecture + +### 7.3.4 Open systems approach + +Even in the second generation of mobile radio networks the operators have to cope with heterogeneous environments in many different ways. No single vendor is likely to deliver all the management systems needed for a mobile operator. + +The many different types of network elements, some with very high management complexity such as an exchange and some less complex such as a repeater system, are generally supported with unique vendor specific management systems with very low interoperability. Duplicated TMN applications is another obvious reality of this generation of management systems. This will be further discussed under clause 9 (TMN Applications). + +The 3GPP requirements call for open systems that can be supported by the marketplace, rather than being supported by a single (or limited) set of suppliers, due to the unique aspects of the design chosen. Open systems architectures are achieved by having the design focus on commonly used and widely supported interface standards. This should ensure costs and quality that are controlled by the forces of competition in the marketplace. + +The open systems approach is a technical and business strategy to: + +- Choose commercially supported specifications and standards for selected system interfaces. +- Build systems based on modular hardware and software design. + +Selection of commercial specifications and standards in the Open systems approach should be based on: + +- Those adopted by industry consensus based standards bodies or de facto standards (those successful in the market place). +- Market research that evaluates the short and long term availability of products. +- Trade-offs of performance. +- Supportability and upgrade potential within defined cost constraint. +- Allowance for continued access to technological innovation supported by many customers and a broad industrial base. + +### 7.3.5 Level of openness + +The level the interfaces conform to open standards is critical for the overall behaviour. A low level of openness will severely impact on long-term supportability, interoperability, development lead-time, and lifecycle cost and overall performance. + +Interfaces are expensive parts in a TMN and interfaces with low level of openness severely impact on development lead-time for the introduction of any system, application component or service. Easy implementation (plug & play) is a requirement for TMN physical entities and requires a high the level of openness. + +### 7.3.6 Closed interfaces + +Many second-generation mobile network physical management entities have vendor controlled system/subsystem boundary descriptions that are not disclosed to the public or are unique to this single supplier - closed interfaces. + +Such interfaces will not fulfil the basic requirements of a 3G TMN. Closed interfaces can only be used as internal interfaces where no information what so ever has to be shared to other physical management entities. + +## 7.4 Data communication networks + +Within a TMN, the necessary physical connection (e.g. circuit-switched or packet-switched) may be offered by communication paths constructed with all kinds of network components, e.g. dedicated lines, packet-switched data network, ISDN, common channel signalling network, public-switched telephone network, local area networks, terminal controllers, etc. In the extreme case the communication path provides for full connectivity, i.e. each attached system can be physically connected to all others. + +The TMN should be designed such that it has the capability to interface with several types of communications paths, to ensure that a framework is provided which is flexible enough to allow the most efficient communications: + +- between NE and other elements within the TMN; +- between WS and other elements within the TMN; +- between elements within the TMN; +- between TMNs; +- between TMNs and enterprise. + +In this case the term efficiency relates to the cost, reliability and maintainability of the data transported. + +Two aspects impact costs. The first is the actual cost to transport data across the network between the TMN and the NE. The second aspect is the design of the interface including the selection of the appropriate communications protocol. + +Whatever standardised protocol suite at the networking level that is capable of meeting the functional and operational requirements (including the network addressing aspects) of the Logical and Application Protocol levels of a given 3GPP management interface, is a valid Networking Protocol for that interface. + +A number of requirements **must** be met by the Networking Protocol, as follows: + +- Capability to run over all supported bearers (leased lines, X.25, ATM, Frame Relay, ...) +- Support of existing transport protocols and their applications, such as OSI, TCP/IP family, etc. +- Widely available, cheap and reliable. + +The Internet Protocol (IP) is a Networking Protocol that ideally supports these requirements. IP also adds flexibility to how management connectivity is achieved when networks are rolled out, by offering various implementation choices. For instance, these may take the form of: + +- Dedicated management intranets. +- Separation from or integration into an operator's enterprise network. +- Utilisation, in one-way or another, of capacities of the public Internet and its applications or other resources. + +## 7.5 New technologies + +Meeting application requirements in the most affordable manner together with development lead-time are important issues identified in early 3GPP management standardisation work. But the TMN functional, information and physical architectures should also keep pace with the introduction of new technologies, services and evolving network infrastructures. Technology is advancing so rapidly today that this should be a fundamental part of the physical architecture - to be able to easily adopt new important technologies. + +A 3GPP system will need to incorporate new successful technologies from the IT-world. Today distributed computing implementations have matured to a point where the goals of TMN can be realised using commonly available technologies for a reasonable cost. + +Widely accepted open standards and new IT-technologies will be indispensable to fulfil the challenging managing requirements of a 3GPP system. + +New technologies in the IT business such as generic application components together with distributed processing technology are new important drivers upon application design of management systems. The possibility to purchase functional components from the open market are of great importance from many aspects such as cost-efficiency and time-to-market. + +# --- 8 3GPP Management Physical architectures + +A 3GPP Telecom Management Network will consist of many different management layers and many different building blocks. The complexity will vary greatly in detail because every organisation has different needs. The following clause will identify the most critical architectural issues and compliance conditions for a given 3GPP management interface. It should serve as fundamental requirements for any 3GPP entity (network element or management system) being a part of a 3GPP TMN. + +## 8.1 Compliance Conditions + +For a 3GPP entity (management system or NE) to be compliant to a given management interface, all the following conditions shall be satisfied: + +- 1) It implements the management functionality specified in the relevant IRP Information Service specifications. +- 2) It provides at least one of the IRP Solution Sets (where available) related to the valid Application Protocols specified by 3GPP Application Protocols for that interface, [2] annex C. +- 3) It provides at least one standard networking protocol. +- 4) In case the entity does not offer the management interface on its own, a Q-Adapter shall be provided. This Q-Adapter shall be provided independently of any other NE and/or management system. +- 5) Support for Bulk Transfer Application Protocols specified by the relevant 3GPP management interface specifications applicable to that interface. + +## 8.2 Network Element (NE) management architecture + +Figure 8.2 shows two possible options for management interface from the OS upper layers to NE. Option 1, provides access to the NE via element manager, and Option 2, provides a direct access. It is sufficient to provide one or the other. + +Figure 8.2 does not imply and limit the realisation of any OS physical block (e.g. E-OS, N-OS) to just one logical layer. OS physical blocks may span more than one logical layer (ITU-T Recommendation M.3010 [1]). Different types of network elements, different functional areas, operator and vendor preferences etc will put different constraints on the physical realisation of the OSFs. See further clause 9. + +![Diagram of Network Element Management Architecture showing two options for management interfaces.](2734e7f9be3e1dc046f14be2e6c9a085_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Network Element Management Architecture, divided into two options: Option 1 and Option 2, separated by a double vertical line. + +- Option 1:** + - Top: Box labeled "OS Upper layers". + - Middle-Top: Oval labeled "DCN". + - Middle-Bottom: Box labeled "OS Element Management LAYER" containing a stack of boxes labeled "OSF". + - Bottom-Middle: Oval labeled "DCN". + - Bottom: Box labeled "Network Element". + - Connections: A solid line connects "OS Upper layers" to the first "DCN". A dashed line connects the first "DCN" to the "OS Element Management LAYER". A dashed line connects the "OS Element Management LAYER" to the second "DCN". A solid line connects the second "DCN" to the "Network Element". +- Option 2:** + - Top: A stack of boxes labeled "OSF". + - Middle: Oval labeled "DCN". + - Bottom: Box labeled "Network Element". + - Connections: A solid line connects the "OSF" stack to the "DCN" oval. A solid line connects the "DCN" oval to the "Network Element". + +**Legend:** + +**—** Fully standardized (3GPP Management Application Protocol + 3GPP Object Model) +**- - -** Open (3GPP Management Application Protocol + Vendor defined Object Model) + +*NOTE: 3GPP Management Application Protocols are listed in 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], Annex A.* + +Diagram of Network Element Management Architecture showing two options for management interfaces. + +**Figure 8.2: Network Element Management Architecture** + +For a 3GPP entity (Network Element or management system) to be compliant to a given management interface the following conditions shall all be satisfied: + +| Item | Compliance conditions | +|------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Implements relevant 3GPP IRP Information Service specifications.
For an interface illustrated by the dashed line in figure 4 the object model is not standardised but it shall be open | +| 2 | Application protocol (e.g. SNMP,CORBA IIOP)
(Defined in TS 32.101 [2], annex A)
If 3GPP has specified one or more IRP Solution Sets corresponding to the IRP Information Services in item 1 then at least one of those IRP Solution Sets shall be supported.

(Defined in TS 32.101 [2], annex C) | +| 3 | Valid Network Layer Protocol
(see annex B of TS 32.101 [2]) | +| 4 | Lower protocol levels required by Item 1, 2 and 3 | + +## 8.3 Subnetwork Management Architecture + +(Example 3GPP RNC / NodeB) + +An important special case of the network element management architecture is where one type of network element such as the RNC will need management information for co-ordination of a subnetwork of other types of network elements such as NodeB. + +This management information shared between the RNC and NodeB will not reach the operators and is not considered to be a part of the 3GPP TMN. All other management information related to NodeB will transparently be transferred by the RNC towards the 3GPP TMN. + +![Diagram of Subnetwork Management Architecture showing Management Systems, RNC, DCN, and multiple NodeB units with their respective management functions and interfaces.](e29665b8abcea967ef289c6aff07ae4c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Subnetwork Management Architecture. At the top is a box labeled 'Management Systems'. Below it is a box labeled 'RNC' containing two sub-boxes: 'Resource mgt functions for NodeB' and 'O&M functions'. Below the RNC are two oval shapes labeled 'DCN'. Below the left DCN is a box labeled 'NodeB1' containing two sub-boxes: 'Resource Mgt functions' and 'O&M functions'. Below the right DCN is a box labeled 'O&M functions for Co-located equipment'. At the bottom is a box labeled 'NodeBn'. A legend on the left shows a thin line labeled 'Interface for resource management functions for NodeB. Will be fully standardised by other 3GPP bodies.' and a thick line labeled 'Network element management interface.' The diagram shows thin lines connecting the 'Resource mgt functions for NodeB' in the RNC to the 'Resource Mgt functions' in NodeB1 and NodeBn. Thick lines connect the 'O&M functions' in the RNC to the 'O&M functions for Co-located equipment' and the 'O&M functions' in NodeB1. The 'Management Systems' box is connected to both DCN ovals by thick lines. + +Diagram of Subnetwork Management Architecture showing Management Systems, RNC, DCN, and multiple NodeB units with their respective management functions and interfaces. + +**Figure 8.3: Subnetwork Management Architecture** + +The same compliance conditions apply for the subnetwork management architecture as for the network element management architecture (see clause 8.2). + +## 8.4 Operations Systems interoperability architecture + +Interoperability between operations systems is an important issue in a 3GPP system. Different organisations may take different roles in a 3GPP system. The need to share information across corporate boundaries will be a consequence of this. + +The heterogeneous, distributed and complex network of a 3GPP system will be a market for many different vendors. All operations systems have to interoperate and shall be able to share information. This is a critical issue in the management of third generation systems. + +![Diagram of Operations Systems interoperability Architecture showing two Operations Systems (OS1 and OS2) connected via a central DCN (Data Communication Network). Each OS contains an OSF (Operations System Function) block.](705ee99c3c44fd2a1ea6a3348ce8878f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the interoperability architecture between two Operations Systems, OS1 and OS2. Both OS1 and OS2 are represented by large rectangular boxes. Inside each box is a smaller box labeled 'OSF' (Operations System Function), which is shown as a stack of three overlapping rectangles. A central oval labeled 'DCN' (Data Communication Network) is positioned between OS1 and OS2. Lines connect the 'OSF' box in OS1 to the 'DCN' oval, and the 'DCN' oval to the 'OSF' box in OS2, indicating a bidirectional communication path through the DCN. + +Diagram of Operations Systems interoperability Architecture showing two Operations Systems (OS1 and OS2) connected via a central DCN (Data Communication Network). Each OS contains an OSF (Operations System Function) block. + +**Figure 8.4: Operations Systems interoperability Architecture** + +For a Operations System to be 3GPP TMN compliant the following conditions shall all be satisfied: + +| Item | Compliance conditions | +|------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Implements relevant 3GPP IRP Information Service specifications. | +| 2 | Application protocol (e.g. SNMP,CORBA IIOP)
(Defined in TS 32.101 [2], annex A)
If 3GPP has specified one or more IRP Solution Sets corresponding to the IRP Information Services in item 1 then at least one of those IRP Solution Sets shall be supported.
(Defined in [2], annex C) | +| 3 | Valid Network Layer Protocol
(see annex B of TS 32.101 [2]) | +| 4 | Lower protocol levels required by Item 1,2 and 3 | + +## 8.5 Operations Systems intra-operability architecture + +![Diagram of Operations Systems intra-operability architecture showing two Operations Systems (OS1 and OS2) connected via a DCN. OS1 contains OSF 1 and OSF 2, with an internal flow OS-QInternal between them. OSF 1 is connected to the DCN via an external flow OS-QExternal. OS2 contains OSF 3, which is also connected to the DCN.](474a819357587e34949a3e110ff19b30_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph OS1 [OS1] + OSF1[OSF 1] + OSF2[OSF 2] + OSF1 -- OS-QInternal --> OSF2 + end + OSF1 -- OS-QExternal --> DCN((DCN)) + OSF3[OSF 3] --> DCN + subgraph OS2 [OS2] + OSF3 + end + +``` + +Diagram of Operations Systems intra-operability architecture showing two Operations Systems (OS1 and OS2) connected via a DCN. OS1 contains OSF 1 and OSF 2, with an internal flow OS-QInternal between them. OSF 1 is connected to the DCN via an external flow OS-QExternal. OS2 contains OSF 3, which is also connected to the DCN. + +**Figure 8.5: Operations Systems intra-operability Architecture** + +OS-QInternal indicates an internal flow and is not standardised. + +OS-QExternal indicates an external flow and shall to be compliant to a given 3GPP Management Interface satisfy the following conditions: + +| Item | Compliance conditions | +|------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Implements relevant 3GPP IRP Information Service specifications. | +| 2 | Application protocol (e.g. SNMP,CORBA IIOP)
(Defined in TS 32.101 [2], annex A)
If 3GPP has specified one or more IRP Solution Sets corresponding to the IRP Information Services in item 1 then at least one of those IRP Solution Sets shall be supported.
(Defined in TS 32.101 [2], annex C) | +| 3 | Valid Network Layer Protocol
(see annex B of TS 32.101 [2]) | +| 4 | Lower protocol levels required by Item 1,2 and 3 | + +## 8.6 Enterprise management System interconnection architecture + +The business enterprise layer has in the second-generation systems a very low degree of standardisation. Operators have legacy systems or more IT influenced systems often adopted to every organisations different needs. Enterprise management systems are not a part of a 3GPP TMN. + +![Diagram of Enterprise management Systems interconnection architecture. At the top is a box labeled 'Business Systems'. Below it is a box labeled 'QA'. A vertical line labeled 'IFx' connects 'Business Systems' to 'QA'. Below 'QA' is a large box labeled 'OS'. Two vertical lines labeled 'OS-QExternal' connect 'QA' to the 'OS' box. Inside the 'OS' box are two smaller boxes labeled 'OSF 1' and 'OSF 2'.](7d2d1d3870cd224c4430d19334557716_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + BS[Business Systems] -- IFx --> QA[QA] + QA -- OS-QExternal --> OSF1[OSF 1] + QA -- OS-QExternal --> OSF2[OSF 2] + subgraph OS [OS] + OSF1 + OSF2 + end + +``` + +Diagram of Enterprise management Systems interconnection architecture. At the top is a box labeled 'Business Systems'. Below it is a box labeled 'QA'. A vertical line labeled 'IFx' connects 'Business Systems' to 'QA'. Below 'QA' is a large box labeled 'OS'. Two vertical lines labeled 'OS-QExternal' connect 'QA' to the 'OS' box. Inside the 'OS' box are two smaller boxes labeled 'OSF 1' and 'OSF 2'. + +**Figure 8.6: Enterprise management Systems interconnection architecture** + +OS-QExternal indicates an external flow and shall to be compliant to a given 3GPP management interface satisfy the following conditions: + +| Item | Compliance conditions | +|------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Implements relevant 3GPP IRP Information Service specifications. | +| 2 | Application protocol (e.g. SNMP,CORBA IIOP)
(Defined in TS 32.101 [2], annex A)
If 3GPP has specified one or more IRP Solution Sets corresponding to the IRP Information Services in item 1 then at least one of those IRP Solution Sets shall be supported.
(Defined in TS 32.101 [2], annex C) | +| 3 | Valid Network Layer Protocol
(see annex B of TS 32.101 [2]) | +| 4 | Lower protocol levels required by Item 1,2 and 3 | + +IFx indicates an external flow and shall to be compliant to a given 3GPP management interface satisfy the following condition: + +| Item | Compliance conditions | +|------|---------------------------| +| 1 | Not standardised but open | + +# --- 9 TMN applications + +Telecom management applications can be implemented in many different ways depending on constraints presented in previous clauses. The TMN application - the operations systems component (OSC) - is the physical realization of one or more OSFs needed to support the operational processes. An up-to-date Operations System would be assembled from one or more OS components which expose standardized interfaces to allow for more flexible and agile OSs. + +To identify and specify the design criteria that will allow re-usable application components to be developed across multiple telecom business scenarios are important issues to fulfil the basic 3GPP Management requirement. "To minimise the costs of managing a PLMN such that it is a small component of the overall operating cost". + +The implication of the top down approach in the standardising work of 3G is that consistent operational management processes are required irrespective of vendor equipment. + +Generic and re-usable management applications are required to facilitate: + +- Reduced management application development costs. +- Simplification of operational processes and associated reduction in costs. +- Reduced time to deploy new services as management systems already exist. +- Consistent representation of basic information. The complexity and heterogeneous nature of a 3GPP system calls for easy integration (plug&play) of HW/SW. + +## 9.1 Management function blocks + +A management function is the smallest part of a business process (or management service), as perceived by the user of the process (or service). A management function block is the smallest deployable unit of management functionality. Figure 9.1 illustrates the different types of optional management function blocks. For example physical views and mapping to 3GPP PLMN management interfaces, see subclause 9.2 and 9.3. The OSF specializations/decompositions reflect the high level processes identified in ITU-T TMN Enhanced Telecom Operations Map(eTOM), M.3050.x series, ref[20]., See further M.3060/Y.2401 ref [16]. + +![Figure 9.1: Management function blocks in M.3060/Y.2401. The diagram shows a hierarchy of management functions. At the top is OSF (solid circle). Below it are EpMF, SMF, and MPCMF (dotted circles). OSF connects to SRMF, NMF, and TRMF. SRMF connects to SNMF, SEMF, and EMF. NMF connects to EMF and TNMF. TRMF connects to TNMF and TEMF. EMF connects to SEMF, SPRMF, and TEMF. SPRMF connects to NEF (solid circle). NEF connects to SEF and TEF (dotted circles). Two boxes labeled 'NGN service stratum management' and 'NGN transport stratum management' enclose the lower functions. A legend below defines the functions and their types (base or derived).](e05b36c0d46549e681ce6581422c66b2_img.jpg) + +Legend: + +- \*EMF Element Management Function +- \*EpMF Enterprise Management Function +- \*MPCMF Market, Product & Customer Management Function +- NEF Network Element Function +- NGN Next Generation Network +- \*NMF Network Management Function +- OSF Operations Systems Function +- \*SEF Service Element Function +- \*SEMF Service Element Management Function +- \*SMF Service Management Function +- \*SNMF Service Network Management Function +- \*SPRMF Supplier/Partner Relationship Management Function +- \*SRMF Service Resource Management Function +- \*TEF Transport Element Function +- \*TEMF Transport Element Management Function +- \*TNMF Transport Network Management Function +- \*TRMF Transport Resource Management Function + +Figure 9.1: Management function blocks in M.3060/Y.2401. The diagram shows a hierarchy of management functions. At the top is OSF (solid circle). Below it are EpMF, SMF, and MPCMF (dotted circles). OSF connects to SRMF, NMF, and TRMF. SRMF connects to SNMF, SEMF, and EMF. NMF connects to EMF and TNMF. TRMF connects to TNMF and TEMF. EMF connects to SEMF, SPRMF, and TEMF. SPRMF connects to NEF (solid circle). NEF connects to SEF and TEF (dotted circles). Two boxes labeled 'NGN service stratum management' and 'NGN transport stratum management' enclose the lower functions. A legend below defines the functions and their types (base or derived). + +NOTE – The lines drawn between function blocks represent specializations or decompositions. For example, a TRMF is a specialized OSF, an SEMF is a specialized SRMF, and a TEF is a specialized NEF. Black coloured objects (solid circles) are base objects and light-blue coloured objects (dotted-line circles, indicated by an asterisk in the list) are derived objects. + +Figure 9.1: Management function blocks in M.3060/Y.2401 [16] + +## 9.2 Management physical blocks + +Figure 9.2-1 illustrates example implementations of physical views. The OS physical block realizes OSFs, of which a great variety is available. Some will be consequence of 3GPPs decision to base the management processes on Enhanced Telecom Operations Map [2],[9],[20], others on enabling support for the management of Next Generation Networks [16], [17]. + +![Figure 9.2-1: An example implementation of a physical view in M.3060/Y.2401. The diagram shows two physical blocks. The top block is OS (purple) containing NMF, EMF, and SMF. The bottom block is NE (blue) containing TEF and SEF. The OS block is connected to the NE block via a vertical line with a circle at the connection point. External connections are shown as lines with circles at the ends.](f0b7abcb093621bb310bf61fbe0f0d2d_img.jpg) + +Figure 9.2-1: An example implementation of a physical view in M.3060/Y.2401. The diagram shows two physical blocks. The top block is OS (purple) containing NMF, EMF, and SMF. The bottom block is NE (blue) containing TEF and SEF. The OS block is connected to the NE block via a vertical line with a circle at the connection point. External connections are shown as lines with circles at the ends. + +Figure 9.2-1: An example implementation of a physical view in M.3060/Y.2401 [16] + +The physical architecture may flatten the functional Management Layers into a single, unified management layer for the co-management of several functional Management Layers to facilitate a unified handling of e.g. alarms and performance data. There is great flexibility in the design of Next Generation Network Operations Systems with this concept, see further Annex 1. The flexibility can enable co-management of multiple functional layers as presented in Figure 9.2-2. The interfaces depicted in fig. 9.2-1 and 9.2-2 are in the 3GPP PLMN management architecture mapped to the Itf-N or Itf-P2P interface between an IRPManager and IRPAgent, as shown in fig. 9.3. + +![Figure 9.2-2: Co-management of multiple functional management layers in M.3060/Y.2401 [16]. The diagram shows three main components: two Operating Systems (OS) and one Network Element (NE). The left OS contains SMF and SRMF. The right OS contains TEMF, TNMF, and SMF. The NE contains MPCMF, SPRMF, two TEFs, and two SEFs. Lines connect the OSs to the NE, and there are external connections to the OSs.](3e2a8dc8c5537dbe703cdcb0e21e4e1b_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the co-management of multiple functional management layers. It features three main blocks: two Operating Systems (OS) and one Network Element (NE). The left OS block contains two functional management layers: SMF and SRMF. The right OS block contains three functional management layers: TEMF, TNMF, and SMF. The NE block contains six functional management layers: MPCMF, SPRMF, two TEFs, and two SEFs. Lines connect the OS blocks to the NE block, and there are external connections to the OS blocks. The diagram is labeled M.3060-Y.2401\_F17. + +Figure 9.2-2: Co-management of multiple functional management layers in M.3060/Y.2401 [16]. The diagram shows three main components: two Operating Systems (OS) and one Network Element (NE). The left OS contains SMF and SRMF. The right OS contains TEMF, TNMF, and SMF. The NE contains MPCMF, SPRMF, two TEFs, and two SEFs. Lines connect the OSs to the NE, and there are external connections to the OSs. + +**Figure 9.2-2: Co-management of multiple functional management layers in M.3060/Y.2401 [16]** + +## 9.3 IRP concept enabling TMN applications + +3GPP has developed the interface concept “Integration Reference Point” (IRP) to promote the wider adoption of standardized management interfaces in telecommunication networks. The concept is presented in TS32.150 [5]. These IRPs are provided by an IRPAgent and managed via an IRPManager. The IRPs are the prime enabler of flexibility in the design of management physical blocks (OSs). + +In the context of management of Next Generation Networks the IRPAgent and IRPManager represents the provider reference point and respectively the consumer reference point, respectively. See figure 9.3. + +The IRP concept may be mapped to all of the management physical blocks. The 3GPP PLMN Management Architecture will focus on those functions, methods and interfaces that the new challenges of 3GPP Telecom Management may require. The detailed and final standardization requirements will be targeted in other 32.\*\* series and 28.\*\* series of standards. + +![Figure 9.3: IRPAgent and IRPManager using NGN principles. The diagram shows an IRPAgent connected to an IRPManager via an IRP IS/SS interface.](94acd33fcad85bb6f207a308f9b63191_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows an IRPAgent connected to an IRPManager via an IRP IS/SS interface. The IRPAgent is represented by an oval on the left, and the IRPManager is represented by an oval on the right. They are connected by a line with a small circle in the middle, labeled IRP IS/SS. + +Figure 9.3: IRPAgent and IRPManager using NGN principles. The diagram shows an IRPAgent connected to an IRPManager via an IRP IS/SS interface. + +**Figure 9.3: IRPAgent and IRPManager using NGN principles** + +# --- 10 Void + +# 11 Implementation aspects + +PLMN operators might categorise and organise its operation systems in many different ways as: + +- A national fault and performance OS. +- A national charging, billing and accounting OS. +- Regional configuration OS. +- Regional fault, performance and configuration OS. +- etc. + +This geographical dependent categorisation may change after time and the growth of the network. A physical architecture based on an open system design and re-usable application components would ease the work to adopt such structural changes. A management system build for a PLMN shall provide the possibility of layering the applications. + +# --- 12 3GPP TMN Conformance + +The goal of TMN conformance (see ITU-T Recommendation M.3010 [1]) is to increase the probability that different implementations within a TMN will be able to interwork, that TMNs in different service/network provider's administrations and customer's system will be able to interwork as much as agreed on. + +TMN conformance are testable conditions. + +It is only the requirements on the external behaviour that have to be met by the conformance statements. + +To finally guarantee interoperability the purchaser/user shall be able to test and verify that any two systems, claiming any type of TMN conformance, interoperate. Interoperability testing shall include: + +- Testing of the interface protocols; +- The shared/exposed information over those interfaces; +- The interface functionality of the system. + +A 3GPP TMN conformant entity shall support necessary information to support such interoperability testing namely: + +- Statements made by the supplier of an implementation or system claimed to conform to a given specification, stating which capabilities and options have been implemented. +- Detailed information to help determine which capabilities are testable and which are un-testable. +- Information needed in order to be able to run the appropriate test. +- The system interface documentation shall list the documents that define the specified information models with the inclusion of the version number and date. +- Necessary information about vendor supplied extensions of a standardised interface + +The interface specification shall be documented, publicly available and licensable at reasonable price on a non-discriminatory basis. + +Specific conformance guidelines shall be included in the different IRP solution sets. A 3GPP TMN conformant entity **must** support information stated in those conformance guidelines. + +# 13 TMN planning and design considerations + +A TMN should be designed such that it has the capability to interface with several types of communications paths to ensure that a framework is provided which is flexible enough to allow for the most efficient communications: + +- Between one NE and other elements within the TMN; +- Between a WS and other elements within the TMN; +- Between elements within the TMN; +- Between TMNs. + +The basis for choosing the appropriate interfaces, however, should be the functions performed by the elements between which appropriate communications are performed. The interface requirements are specified in terms of function attributes needed to provide the most efficient interface. + +## 13.1 Function attributes + +- Reliability* - The capability of the interface to ensure that data and control are transferred such that integrity and security are maintained. +- Frequency* - How often data is transferred across the interface boundary (Normal behaviour). +- Quantity* - The amount of data that is transferred across the interface during any transaction. +- Priority* - Indicates precedence to be given to data in case of competition for network resources with other functions. +- Availability* - Determines the use of redundancy in the design of the communications channels between interfacing elements. +- Delay* - Identifies the amount of buffering that may be tolerable between interfacing elements. This also impacts communications channel designs. + +Table 13.1 suggests a possible ranges for these function attributes. + +**Table 13.1: Possible ranges for TMN function attributes [1]** + +| Attributes | | Requirements | Nature of attributes | +|-------------------------------------|------------------------|----------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Performance or grade of service (P) | Delay (speed) | Short
Medium
Long | Objective of design and control
(acceptable/unacceptable but
available/unavailable) | +| | Reliability (accuracy) | High
Medium
Low | | +| | Availability | High
Medium
Low | | +| Characteristics of TMN traffic (C) | Quantity | Large
Medium
Small | Condition or parameter of design | +| | Frequency | Often continuous
Periodic
Sparse | | +| | Priority | High
Medium
Low | | + +## 13.2 Functional characteristics + +Each major type of telecommunications equipment has functional characteristic needs that can be used to describe the complexity of the interface. + +There are, however, a basic group of TMN application functions that cross all major types of telecommunications equipment. There are also unique TMN application functions that are performed by specific categories of major telecommunications equipment. Alarm surveillance is an example of the former, whereas billing information collection is an example of the latter. + +Functional characteristics of the elements within a TMN, e.g. OS, DCN and MD also describe the complexity of interfaces between these elements. + +## 13.3 Critical attributes + +Attribute values for a given function are generally consistent across the network elements. + +When considering a single interface, it is important to identify the controlling attribute ranges for the design of the interface. + +If there are conflicting attribute values for different functions in a given network element, more than one instance of an interface may be needed. + +Overall TMN attribute values for the interfacing of elements within the TMN depend on the type and number of functions performed within these elements. In this case the functions are not consistent across TMN elements, but are controlled by the individual TMN design of an Administration. + +## 13.4 Protocol selection + +In many cases, more than one protocol suite will meet the requirements for the network element or TMN element under consideration. It is the approach for the 3GPP Telecom management standardisation to concentrate on protocol independent information models, allowing the mapping to several protocol suites. + +The rationale behind this is: + +- The blurring of Information and Telecommunication technologies in a 3GPP system, it is required to work on a more open approach (acknowledging the market status and foreseen evolutions). +- The lifecycle of information flows is 10 to 20 years, while the protocols is 5 to 10 years. +- The developments on automatic conversion allows for a more pragmatic and open approach. + +The choice of the individual protocol from the recommended family will be left open to the vendors and operators. + +To provide the most efficient interface care should be taken to select the protocol suite that optimises the relationship between the total cost to implement that protocol suite, the functional attributes and the data communications channels that carry the information across the interface. + +## 13.5 Communications considerations + +DCN architectures should be planned and designed to ensure that their implementation provides appropriate degrees of availability and network delay while minimising cost. + +One should consider the selection of communications architectures, e.g. star, multipoint, loop, tree, etc. + +The communications channels, e.g. dedicated lines, circuit-switched networks and packet networks used in providing the communications paths, also play an important role. + +# --- 14 Mediation/Integration + +The increase in the need to incorporate a hybrid set of technologies, multiple protocols and heterogeneous resources requires the availability of open management interfaces between the management systems and the different network resources. These interfaces require an underlying mechanism to mediate - interpret, translate, and handle data - between the various data representations and protocols. A set of Technology Integration Points [10] can be identified. + +Software components on the open market as automatic conversion applications, gateways, mediation applications will be valuable products to fulfil the challenging task to incorporate multiple protocols and heterogeneous resources. + +Figure 14.1 summarises Technology Integration Points for some example technologies: + +![Figure 14.1: Example of Technology Integration Points. The diagram shows a central horizontal line representing the Object Request Broker (ORB). Above the line, from left to right, are 'Application Objects' (represented by two circles), 'CORBA Facilities' (two circles), and 'Domain I/Fs' (two circles). Below the line, from left to right, are 'CORBA Services' (two circles) and a 'Manager' box. The 'Manager' box is divided into two sections: 'GDMO / SMI' and 'CMIS / SNMP'. Below the 'Manager' box is a dashed box labeled 'Agents' containing four circles. Five integration points are marked with numbers: 1 is between Application Objects and the Manager; 2 is between CORBA Facilities and the Manager; 3 is between Domain I/Fs and the ORB; 4 is between the ORB and the Internet (which includes 'Web Browsers' and 'Java'); 5 is between the Manager and the Agents. The bottom right of the diagram is labeled 'Manager / Agent Environment'.](04cfca33e3fc26513abe649d7474f733_img.jpg) + +Figure 14.1: Example of Technology Integration Points. The diagram shows a central horizontal line representing the Object Request Broker (ORB). Above the line, from left to right, are 'Application Objects' (represented by two circles), 'CORBA Facilities' (two circles), and 'Domain I/Fs' (two circles). Below the line, from left to right, are 'CORBA Services' (two circles) and a 'Manager' box. The 'Manager' box is divided into two sections: 'GDMO / SMI' and 'CMIS / SNMP'. Below the 'Manager' box is a dashed box labeled 'Agents' containing four circles. Five integration points are marked with numbers: 1 is between Application Objects and the Manager; 2 is between CORBA Facilities and the Manager; 3 is between Domain I/Fs and the ORB; 4 is between the ORB and the Internet (which includes 'Web Browsers' and 'Java'); 5 is between the Manager and the Agents. The bottom right of the diagram is labeled 'Manager / Agent Environment'. + +**Figure 14.1: Example of Technology Integration Points [10]** + +Essentially, figure 14.1 indicates that from the technologies selected, a number of technology areas will need to be integrated. These are: + +- Internet/Web based services; +- Object Request Broker (CORBA) based services; +- Telecom based Manager/Agent services (e.g. CMIP/GDMO and SNMP/SMI). + +In order to provide adequate points of integration between these areas of technology, a number of Integration Points (IPs) have been identified - as outlined in table 14.1: + +**Table 14.1 : Example Technology Integration Points [10]** + +| | Managed Objects
(GDMO/SMI) | Management
Services
(CMISE/SNMP) | Java Objects | Web Browser
(HTTP/HTML) | TMN Agent | +|-----------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------|--------------|----------------------------|-----------| +| CORBA Objects | IP1 | | IP4 | IP3 | | +| CORBA Services | | IP2 | | | | +| TMN Manager | | | | | IP5 | + +IP1 Provides mapping of objects defined in CORBA/IDL to managed objects defined in GDMO or SMI. +IP2 Provides mapping of appropriate CORBA Services to CMIS and SNMP services. +IP3 Provides a mapping of Web Browser technology access to CORBA objects (for situations where this may be needed as an addition to/replacement of Browser access to a database). +IP4 Provides a mapping between Java based objects and CORBA objects. +IP5 Provides a high level convenient programming interface for the rapid development of TMN based manager/agent interactions. It also provides a convenient point of integration if it is necessary to separate out the two sides of the manager/agent interface from the point of view of technology selection. For example, allowing the manager role to perhaps be supported in a Web-based environment, but giving a good point of integration with a TMN based agent. + +# Annex A (informative): Technology considerations + +## A.1 Management physical blocks + +TMN functions can be implemented in a variety of physical configurations (ITU-T Recommendation M.3010 [1], M3060/Y.2401 [16]). The relationship of the functional blocks to physical equipment is shown in table A.1 which names the management physical blocks according to the set of function blocks which each is allowed to contain. For each physical block there is a function block which is characteristic of it and is mandatory for it to contain. There also exist other functions, which are optional for the physical blocks to contain. Table A.1 does not imply any restriction of possible implementations. The M/O qualifiers are examples from M3060/Y.2401 [16] and do not have any implication for compliance in the 3GPP PLMN management architecture. + +The subclauses below give the definitions for consideration in implementation schemes. + +**Table A.1: Relationship of management physical block names to management function blocks** + +| | TEF | SEF | OSF | +|---------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|-----| +| NE | M (Note 3) | M (Note 3) | O | +| OS | | | M | +| M | Mandatory | | | +| O | Optional | | | +| NOTE 1: | Within this table, where more than one name is possible, the choice of the physical block name is determined by the predominant usage of the block. | | | +| NOTE 2: | Management physical blocks may contain additional functionality, which allows them to be managed. | | | +| NOTE 3: | The NE needs to support at least one of the TEF or SEF. | | | + +### A.1.1 Operations System (OS) + +The OS is the system, which performs OSFs. An OS may conceptually be considered as part of the NGN transport stratum, the NGN service stratum, both, or neither, depending on the OSFs that it realizes. + +### A.1.2 Void + +### A.1.3 Void + +### A.1.4 Void + +### A.1.5 Void + +### A.1.6 Void + +### A.1.7 Void + +### A.1.8 Network Element (NE) + +The NE is comprised of telecommunication equipment (or groups/parts of telecommunication equipment) and support equipment or any item or groups of items considered belonging to the telecommunications environment that performs NEFs. The NE may optionally contain any of the other management function blocks according to its implementation requirements. The NE has one or more standard Q-type interfaces and may optionally have B2B/C2B interfaces. An NE performs at least one of transport element functions (TEFs) or service element functions (SEFs), and so can be deployed in an NGN transport stratum or in an NGN service stratum or in both. + +Existing NE-like equipment that does not possess a standard management interface will gain access to the management infrastructure via a Q adapter (see A.1.9.1.1), which will provide the necessary functionality to convert between a non-standard and standard management interface. + +A Transport Network Element is an NE that performs only TEFs. A Service Network Element is an NE that performs only SEFs. + +### A.1.9 Data Communication Network (DCN) + +The DCN is a support service that provides the capability to establish paths for information flow between physical blocks in a management environment. The DCN may consist of a number of interconnected subnetworks of different types. The DCN may be a local path or a wide-area connection among distributed physical blocks. The DCN is technology-independent and may employ any single or combination of transmission technologies. + +In order for two or more physical blocks to exchange management information, they must be connected by a communications path and each element must support the same interface onto that communications path. + +Physical blocks communicate using a common communication mechanism which provides a set of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) that include the services of the upper three protocol layers of the OSI Reference Model. Some of these API services expose the communications capabilities of the DCN and others expose common platform functions (e.g., Directory Services, Time Services, Security, etc.). Refer to ITU-T Recs Q.811 and Q.812 for specific interface protocols for information transfer through a DCN. + +#### A.1.9.1 Transformation + +Transformation provides conversion between different protocols and data formats for information interchange between physical blocks. There are two types of transformation: adaptation and mediation that can apply at q or b2b/c2b reference points. + +##### A.1.9.1.1 Adaptation device + +An adaptation device (AD), or adapter, provides transformation between a non-compliant physical entity to a NE to OS within an administrative domain. A Q-adapter (QA) is a physical block used to connect NE-like or OS-like physical blocks with non-compatible interfaces to Q interfaces. A B2B/C2B-adapter is a physical block used to connect non-compatible physical entities having a non-compatible communication mechanism in a non-compatible environment to an OS at the edge of an administrative domain. + +##### A.1.9.1.2 Mediation device + +A mediation device (MD) provides transformation between management physical blocks that incorporate incompatible communication mechanisms. A Q-mediation device (QMD) is a physical block that supports connections within one administrative domain. A B2B/C2B-mediation device is a physical block that supports connections of OSs in different administrative domains + +#### A.1.9.2 Distributed multi-element structure + +A distributed multi-element structure is an architectural concept that represents a grouping of network elements that must be managed as a single entity for operational efficiency sake. Due to the distributed nature of their blocks and the complexity of their internal make up, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between Distributed multi-element structures and a sub-network. + +### A.1.10 Management logical layered architecture within the management physical view + +Several specializations of the OS physical block can be defined to support a physical realization of function blocks in logical layers (see Figures 9.1). + +The variety of types of management functionality is reflected in a corresponding flexibility for the mapping of OSFs to Operations Systems so that, in principle, any combination of specialized OSFs can map to an Operations System. As a result, the interfaces offered by an Operations System may include functionality from various OSF specializations (e.g., service management, service resource management and transport resource management functions). + +Such a flexible transition from the functional view to a physical view (subject to constraints from the information architecture as outlined in clause 14) allows for different types of OS interactions and corresponding Operations Systems Interface design patterns: + +- Provider/consumer; +- Peer-to-peer. + +As a result, a physical architecture may flatten the functional Management Layers described in 11.6 into a single, unified management layer for the co-management of several functional Management Layers. Examples of this layer co-management paradigm are shown in Figures 9.2-1 and 9.2-2. + +The unified management layer is opaque, i.e., the interworking of the functional Management Layers is invisible to the user of the Interface. + +### A.1.11 Interface concept + +Management interface is an architectural concept that provides interconnection between physical blocks at reference points. Management interfaces provide, via specific communication protocols, for the interconnection of NEs and OSs through the DCN. Interactions between physical blocks, to exchange management information, are established dynamically at run time and are usually not defined statically at design time. In order for such dynamic interactions to occur, physical blocks must be connected by a communications path and each element must support compatible interfaces. It is useful to use the concept of an interface to simplify the communications problems arising from a multi-vendor, multi-capability network. The interface defines the specific protocols, commands, procedures, message formats and semantics used for the management communications between physical blocks. The goal of an interface specification is to ensure compatibility of devices interconnected to accomplish a given management function independent of the type of device or of the supplier. + +Figure A.2 shows the interconnection of the various management physical blocks by a set of standard interoperable interfaces. + +Management standard interfaces are defined corresponding to the reference points and are classified in two types: + +- Provider interfaces: physical realizations of one or more provider reference points; each provider interface is depicted with a white lollipop or ball icon. +- Consumer interfaces: physical realizations of one or more consumer reference points; each consumer interface is depicted with a white crescent or socket icon. + +An interface contains the mapping from the protocol-neutral reference point specifications to a protocol-specific specification. An interface consists of one or more reference points together with a single communication protocol binding, which is a protocol suite used to realize a communications path at these reference points. + +## --- A.2 Standard interfaces + +Management standard interfaces are realizations of specific reference points. The classes of references points correspond to the classes of interfaces. + +Figure A.2 shows an example of a simplified physical view for a management implementation. This example is provided to assist in understanding the management physical blocks described in A.1. + +![Diagram of a physical view M.3060/Y.2401 showing a DCN cloud connected to OS, NE, and hmi components within a dashed boundary.](9252ccfbbe9e34cb108f0060f2b563f1_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a physical view within a dashed rectangular boundary. At the center is a light blue cloud labeled "DCN". Above it, a stack of three green rectangles labeled "OS" is connected via a vertical line with a "Q" symbol. This line connects to a label "B2B/C2B", which in turn connects to the left boundary of the dashed box. To the right of the "OS" stack, a label "hmi" is connected via a horizontal line with a "Q" symbol. Below the "DCN" cloud, two stacks of three purple rectangles, both labeled "NE", are connected via vertical lines with "Q" symbols. Each "NE" stack has a horizontal line with a "Q" symbol connecting to a label "hmi". In the top right corner, outside the dashed box, is a pink circular icon with two eyes, labeled "hmi" via a diagonal line. The text "M.3060-Y.2401\_F15" is located at the bottom right of the dashed box. + +Diagram of a physical view M.3060/Y.2401 showing a DCN cloud connected to OS, NE, and hmi components within a dashed boundary. + +Figure A.2: Example of a physical view M.3060/Y.2401 [16] + +# Annex B (informative): Overview of a 3GPP System + +Figure B.1 presents an example of a 3GPP System, related management areas and introduces some management interfaces. 3GPP Service specific entities are not shown. + +![Figure B.1: Overview of a 3GPP System, showing management interfaces and management areas. The diagram illustrates the architecture of a 3GPP system, including UTRAN, GSM BSS, GSM NSS, and GPRS Network components, along with their management interfaces (Itf-T, Itf-B, Itf-R, Itf-G1, Itf-G2, Itf-G3).](9a14684f8ae1345c6efea6f5994c730c_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows the following components and interfaces: + +- OSF Terminal** connected via **Itf-T** to a **Terminal** in the **UTRAN**. +- OSF UTRAN** connected via **Itf-B and Itf-R** to the **UTRAN** (containing **NodeB** and **RNC**). +- OSF GSM NSS** connected via **Itf-G1** to the **GSM NSS** (containing **HLR**, **MSC/VLR**). +- OSF GSM BSS** connected via **Itf-G2** to the **GSM BSS** (containing **BSC** and **BTS**). +- OSF GPRS NE's** connected via **Itf-G3** to the **GPRS Network** (containing **SGSN**, **GPRS Backbone**, **BG**, and **GGSN**). +- External connections include **PSTN**, **Other GPRS operator**, **Data network (Internet)**, and **Data network (X.25)** via **F/W** (firewalls). +- Internal interfaces include **Uu** (Terminal to RNC), **Iub** (NodeB to RNC), **Iu** (RNC to MSC/VLR), and **IWU** (UTRAN to SGSN). + +Figure B.1: Overview of a 3GPP System, showing management interfaces and management areas. The diagram illustrates the architecture of a 3GPP system, including UTRAN, GSM BSS, GSM NSS, and GPRS Network components, along with their management interfaces (Itf-T, Itf-B, Itf-R, Itf-G1, Itf-G2, Itf-G3). + +**Figure B.1: Overview of a 3GPP System, showing management interfaces and management areas** + +All the following interfaces are illustrated in figure B.1: + +- Itf-T between a terminal and a NE Manager. This interface will in some extent manage the 3GPP terminal and the USIM of the subscriber. Requirements of this interface are for further study. +- Itf-B and Itf-R between UTRAN and a NE Manager. +- Itf-G1 between GSM NSS and NE Manager. +- Itf-G2 between GSM BSS and NE Manager. This interface is standardised in GSM 12-series specifications. +- Itf-G3 between GPRS NEs and a NE Manager. + +# Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Mar 2006 | SA_31 | SP-060099 | 0038 | -- | Extention/Generalization of the IRP definition and concept | C | 6.3.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060721 | 0039 | -- | Improve structure and consistency of the definitions related to the IRP concept. | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060721 | 0040 | -- | Introduction of new entities - align with TS23.002 | B | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | SP-070309 | 0041 | -- | Identify the Interface IRPs and NRM IRPs which are applicable for Itf-P2P | B | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2007 | SP-38 | SP-070731 | 0043 | -- | Discontinuation of CMIP Solution Sets in Release 7 | A | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SP-42 | SP-080846 | 0044 | -- | Update of Telecom Management Domains | F | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SP-42 | SP-080846 | 0045 | -- | Update with NGNM architectural concepts - Align with ITU-T M.3060/Y.2401 | F | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SP-42 | SP-080846 | 0046 | -- | Update of entities of the mobile system | F | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SP-46 | SP-090718 | 0048 | 1 | Updates of entities of the mobile system | A | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | - | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2013-06 | SP-60 | SP-130304 | 0049 | 1 | Updates of entities of the mobile system | F | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 2013-09 | SP-61 | SP-130433 | 0050 | 1 | Alignment with 23.002 regarding what an 3GPP system can consist of. | F | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | \ No 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Context ..... | 11 | +| 5 Information Object Classes..... | 12 | +| 5.1 Imported information entities and local labels..... | 12 | +| 5.2 Class diagram..... | 12 | +| 5.2.1 Attributes and relationships..... | 12 | +| 5.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 13 | +| 5.3 Information Object Class Definitions ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.1 AlarmInformation..... | 13 | +| 5.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.1.2 Attribute ..... | 14 | +| 5.3.1.3 State diagram ..... | 14 | +| 5.3.2 AlarmList..... | 16 | +| 5.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 16 | +| 5.3.2.2 Attribute ..... | 16 | +| 5.3.3 AlarmIRP..... | 17 | +| 5.3.3.1 Definition ..... | 17 | +| 5.3.3.2 Attribute ..... | 17 | +| 5.3.3.3 Notification Table..... | 17 | +| 5.3.4 Comment ..... | 17 | +| 5.3.4.1 Definition ..... | 17 | +| 5.3.4.2 Attribute ..... | 17 | +| 5.3.5 CorrelatedNotification ..... | 17 | +| 5.3.5.1 Definition ..... | 17 | +| 5.3.5.2 Attribute ..... | 18 | +| 5.3.6 MonitoredEntity..... | 18 | +| 5.3.6.1 Definition ..... | 18 | +| 5.3.6.2 Attribute ..... | 18 | +| 5.4 Information relationships definition..... | 19 | +| 5.4.1 relation-AlarmIRP-AlarmList (M) ..... | 19 | +| 5.4.1.1 Definition ..... | 19 | +| 5.4.1.2 Role ..... | 19 | +| 5.4.1.3 Constraint..... | 19 | +| 5.4.2 relation-AlarmList-AlarmInformation (M) ..... | 19 | +| 5.4.2.1 Definition ..... | 19 | +| 5.4.2.2 Role ..... | 19 | +| 5.4.2.3 Constraint..... | 19 | +| 5.4.3 relation-AlarmInformation-Comment (M)..... | 19 | +| 5.4.3.1 Definition ..... | 19 | +| 5.4.3.2 Role ..... | 20 | +| 5.4.3.3 Constraint..... | 20 | +| 5.4.4 relation-AlarmInformation-CorrelatedNotification (M)..... | 20 | +| 5.4.4.1 Definition ..... | 20 | +| 5.4.4.2 Role ..... | 20 | +| 5.4.4.3 Constraint..... | 20 | +| 5.4.5 relation-AlarmedObject-AlarmInformation (M) ..... | 20 | + +| | | | +|---------|--------------------------------------------------|----| +| 5.4.5.1 | Definition ..... | 20 | +| 5.4.5.2 | Role ..... | 20 | +| 5.4.5.3 | Constraint ..... | 21 | +| 5.4.6 | relation-backUpObject-AlarmInformation (O) ..... | 21 | +| 5.4.6.1 | Definition ..... | 21 | +| 5.4.6.2 | Role ..... | 21 | +| 5.4.6.3 | Constraint ..... | 21 | +| 5.5 | Information attribute definition ..... | 22 | +| 5.5.1 | Definition and legal values ..... | 22 | +| 5.5.2 | Constraints ..... | 24 | +| 6 | Interface Definition ..... | 25 | +| 6.1 | Class diagram ..... | 25 | +| 6.2 | Generic rules ..... | 27 | +| 6.3 | Interface AlarmIRPOperations_1 (M) ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.1 | acknowledgeAlarms (M) ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.1.1 | Definition ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.1.3 | Output Parameters ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.1.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.1.6 | Exceptions ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.2 | getAlarmList (M) ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.2.1 | Definition ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.2.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.2.3 | Output Parameters ..... | 31 | +| 6.3.2.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 34 | +| 6.3.2.5 | Post-condition ..... | 34 | +| 6.3.2.6 | Exceptions ..... | 34 | +| 6.4 | Interface AlarmIRPOperation_2 (O) ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.1 | getAlarmCount (M) ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.1.1 | Definition ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.1.3 | Output Parameters ..... | 36 | +| 6.4.1.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 36 | +| 6.4.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 36 | +| 6.4.1.6 | Exceptions ..... | 37 | +| 6.5 | Interface AlarmIRPOperation_3 (O) ..... | 37 | +| 6.5.1 | unacknowledgeAlarms (M) ..... | 37 | +| 6.5.1.1 | Definition ..... | 37 | +| 6.5.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 37 | +| 6.5.1.3 | Output Parameters ..... | 37 | +| 6.5.1.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 38 | +| 6.5.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 38 | +| 6.5.1.6 | Exceptions ..... | 38 | +| 6.6 | Interface AlarmIRPOperation_4 (O) ..... | 38 | +| 6.6.1 | setComment (M) ..... | 38 | +| 6.6.1.1 | Definition ..... | 38 | +| 6.6.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 39 | +| 6.6.1.3 | Output Parameter ..... | 39 | +| 6.6.1.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 39 | +| 6.6.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 40 | +| 6.6.1.6 | Exceptions ..... | 40 | +| 6.7 | Interface AlarmIRPOperation_5 (O) ..... | 40 | +| 6.7.1 | clearAlarms (M) ..... | 40 | +| 6.7.1.1 | Definition ..... | 40 | +| 6.7.1.2 | Input Parameter ..... | 40 | +| 6.7.1.3 | Output Parameter ..... | 41 | +| 6.7.1.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 41 | +| 6.7.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 41 | +| 6.7.1.6 | Exceptions ..... | 41 | +| 6.8 | Notification AlarmIRPNotifications_1 (M) ..... | 42 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 6.8.0 | Introduction ..... | 42 | +| 6.8.1 | notifyNewAlarm (M)..... | 42 | +| 6.8.1.1 | Definition ..... | 42 | +| 6.8.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 43 | +| 6.8.1.3 | Input Parameters for notification related to security alarm ..... | 44 | +| 6.8.1.4 | Triggering Event ..... | 44 | +| 6.8.1.4.1 | From-state..... | 44 | +| 6.8.1.4.2 | To-state..... | 45 | +| 6.8.2 | notifyAckStateChanged (M) ..... | 45 | +| 6.8.2.1 | Definition ..... | 45 | +| 6.8.2.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 46 | +| 6.8.2.3 | Triggering Event ..... | 46 | +| 6.8.2.3.1 | From-state..... | 46 | +| 6.8.2.3.2 | To-state..... | 46 | +| 6.8.3 | notifyClearedAlarm (M)..... | 47 | +| 6.8.3.1 | Definition ..... | 47 | +| 6.8.3.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 47 | +| 6.8.3.3 | Triggering Event ..... | 47 | +| 6.8.3.3.1 | From-state..... | 47 | +| 6.8.3.3.2 | To-state..... | 48 | +| 6.8.4 | notifyAlarmListRebuilt (M) ..... | 48 | +| 6.8.4.1 | Definition ..... | 48 | +| 6.8.4.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 48 | +| 6.8.4.3 | Triggering Event ..... | 50 | +| 6.8.4.3.1 | From-state..... | 50 | +| 6.8.4.3.2 | To-state..... | 50 | +| 6.9 | Notification AlarmIRPNotification_2 (O) ..... | 50 | +| 6.9.1 | notifyChangedAlarm (M)..... | 50 | +| 6.9.1.1 | Definition ..... | 50 | +| 6.9.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 51 | +| 6.9.1.3 | Triggering Event ..... | 51 | +| 6.9.1.3.1 | From-state..... | 51 | +| 6.9.1.3.2 | To-state..... | 51 | +| 6.10 | Notification AlarmIRPNotification_3 (O) ..... | 52 | +| 6.10.1 | notifyComments (M)..... | 52 | +| 6.10.1.1 | Definition ..... | 52 | +| 6.10.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 52 | +| 6.10.1.3 | Triggering Events ..... | 52 | +| 6.10.1.3.1 | From-state..... | 52 | +| 6.10.1.3.2 | To-state..... | 53 | +| 6.11 | Notification AlarmIRPNotification_4 (O) ..... | 53 | +| 6.11.1 | notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList (M) ..... | 53 | +| 6.11.1.1 | Definition ..... | 53 | +| 6.11.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 54 | +| 6.11.1.3 | Triggering Event ..... | 54 | +| 6.11.1.3.1 | From-state..... | 54 | +| 6.11.1.3.2 | To-state..... | 54 | +| 6.12 | Notification AlarmIRPNotification_5 (O) ..... | 55 | +| 6.12.1 | notifyCorrelatedNotificationChanged (M)..... | 55 | +| 6.12.1.1 | Definition ..... | 55 | +| 6.12.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 55 | +| 6.12.1.3 | Triggering Events ..... | 55 | +| 6.12.1.3.1 | From-state..... | 55 | +| 6.12.1.3.2 | To-state..... | 56 | +| Annex A (normative): | Event Types..... | 57 | +| Annex B (normative): | Probable Causes ..... | 58 | +| Annex C (informative): | Examples of using notifyChangedAlarm..... | 64 | +| Annex D (informative): | Examples of using correlatedNotification..... | 66 | + +**Annex E (informative): AcknowledgeAlarms operation scenario ..... 67** + +**Annex F (informative): Change history..... 68** + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +32.111-1 "Fault Management; Part 1: 3G fault management requirements". + +**32.111-2 "Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)".** + +32.111-6 "Fault Management; Part 6: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions. + +The present document is part of a set of TSs which describes the requirements and information model necessary for the Telecommunication Management (TM) of 3GPP systems. The TM principles and TM architecture are specified in 3GPP TS 32.101 [6] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [7]. + +A 3GPP system is composed of a multitude of Network Elements (NE) of various types and, typically, different vendors inter-operate in a co-ordinated manner in order to satisfy the network users' communication requirements. + +The occurrence of failures in a NE may cause a deterioration of this NE's function and/or service quality and will, in severe cases, lead to the complete unavailability of the NE. In order to minimize the effects of such failures on the Quality of Service (QoS) as perceived by the network users it is necessary to: + +- detect failures in the network as soon as they occur and alert the operating personnel as fast as possible; + +isolate the failures (autonomously or through operator intervention), i.e. switch off faulty units and, if applicable, limit the effect of the failure as much as possible by reconfiguration of the faulty NE/adjacent NEs; + +- if necessary, determine the cause of the failure using diagnosis and test routines; and, +- repair/eliminate failures in due time through the application of maintenance procedures. + +This aspect of the management environment is termed "Fault Management" (FM). The purpose of FM is to detect failures as soon as they occur and to limit their effects on the network QoS as far as possible. + +The latter is achieved by bringing additional/redundant equipment into operation, reconfiguring existing equipment/NEs, or by repairing/eliminating the cause of the failure. + +Fault Management (FM) encompasses all of the above functionalities except commissioning/decommissioning of NEs and potential operator triggered reconfiguration (these are a matter of Configuration Management). + +FM also includes associated features in the Operations System (OS), such as the administration of alarm list, the presentation of operational state information of physical and logical devices/resources/functions, and the provision and analysis of the alarm and state history of the network. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines the Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP) Information Service (IS), which addresses the alarm surveillance aspects of Fault Management (FM), applied to the Itf-N. + +The purpose of the AlarmIRP is to define an interface through which a "system" (typically a Network Element Manager or a Network Element) can communicate alarm information for its managed objects to one or several Manager Systems (typically Network Management Systems). + +The Alarm IRP IS defines the semantics of alarms and the interactions visible across the reference point in a protocol neutral way. It defines the semantics of the operations and notifications visible in the IRP. It does not define the syntax or encoding of the operations, notifications and their parameters. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [2] ITU-T Recommendation X.733 (02/92): "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management: Alarm reporting function". +- [3] ITU-T Recommendation X.721 (02/92): "Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection -Structure of management information: Definition of management information". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.302: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [8] Void. +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.111-1: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 1: 3G fault management requirements". +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [11] ITU-T Recommendation M.3100 (04/05): "Generic network information model". +- [12] Void. +- [13] Void. +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.312: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Information Service (IS)". + +- [15] ITU-T Recommendation X.736 (01/92): "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management: Security alarm reporting function". +- [16] 3GPP TS 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [17] ETSI TS 101 251 V6.3.0 (1999-07): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Fault management of the Base Station System (BSS) (GSM 12.11 version 6.3.0 Release 1997)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [6], 3GPP TS 32.102 [7], 3GPP TS 32.111-1 [9], 3GPP TS 21.905 [16] and the following apply: + +**active alarm:** an alarm that has not been cleared ( i.e. an alarm whose `perceivedSeverity` is not `Cleared` ) . + +**Event:** occurrence that is of significance to network operators, the NEs under surveillance and Network Management applications. Events do not have state. + +**IRP Agent:** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [1]. + +**IRP Manager:** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [1]. + +**IRP document version number string (IRPVersion):** See 3GPP TS 32.312 [14]. + +**Itf-N:** Management interface defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [6] subclause 5.1.2.2 and 3GPP TS 32.102 [7] subclause 7.3.2. + +**Matching-Criteria-Attributes:** which identifies a set of ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2] defined attributes. Notifications carrying identical values for these attributes are considered to be carrying alarm information related to (a) the same network resource and (b) the same alarmed condition. The matching-criteria-attributes are: `objectInstance`, `eventType`, `probableCause` and `specificProblem`, if present. + +**Notification:** which refers to the transport of events from `IRP Agent` to `IRP Manager`. +In this IRP, notifications are used to carry alarm information from `IRP Agent` to `IRP Manager`. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [6], 3GPP TS 32.102 [7], 3GPP TS 32.111-1 [9], 3GPP TS 21.905 [16] and the following apply . An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in 3GPP TS 32.101 [6], 3GPP TS 32.102 [7], 3GPP TS 32.111-1 [9] and 3GPP TS 21.905 [16], in that order. + +| | | +|------------|----------------------------------| +| DN | Distinguished Name | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FM | Fault Management | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| OS | Operations System | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| SS | Solution Set | +| SupportIOC | Support Information Object Class | +| TM | Telecommunication Management | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | + +# 4 Basic aspects + +## 4.1 Void + +## 4.2 System Context + +The general definition of the System Context for the present IRP is found in 3GPP TS 32.150 [1] subclause 4.7. In addition, the set of related IRP(s) relevant to the present IRP is shown in the two diagrams below. + +![Figure 1: System Context A. A diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (EM) via an interface labeled Itf-N. The IRPAgent is connected to multiple NEs. A bracket indicates that Notification IRP and Alarm IRP are associated with the Itf-N interface.](8e14350b4b669119a3bdfca7869110ca_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates System Context A. On the left, a box labeled 'NM' contains a sub-box labeled 'IRPManager'. A solid line connects this to another box labeled 'EM' on the right, which contains a sub-box labeled 'IRPAgent'. A vertical dashed line, labeled 'Itf-N' at its base, separates the IRPManager and IRPAgent. To the right of the IRPAgent, a dotted line connects to a box labeled 'NEs'. A curved arrow points from a bracket labeled 'Notification IRP' and 'Alarm IRP' to the 'Itf-N' interface line. + +Figure 1: System Context A. A diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (EM) via an interface labeled Itf-N. The IRPAgent is connected to multiple NEs. A bracket indicates that Notification IRP and Alarm IRP are associated with the Itf-N interface. + +Figure 1: System Context A + +![Figure 2: System Context B. A diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (NE) via an interface labeled Itf-N. A bracket indicates that Notification IRP and Alarm IRP are associated with the Itf-N interface.](7c6d9bfe9c31ce872722d60b73d20df1_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates System Context B. On the left, a box labeled 'NM' contains a sub-box labeled 'IRPManager'. A solid line connects this to another box labeled 'NE' on the right, which contains a sub-box labeled 'IRPAgent'. A vertical dashed line, labeled 'Itf-N' at its base, separates the IRPManager and IRPAgent. A curved arrow points from a bracket labeled 'Notification IRP' and 'Alarm IRP' to the 'Itf-N' interface line. + +Figure 2: System Context B. A diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (NE) via an interface labeled Itf-N. A bracket indicates that Notification IRP and Alarm IRP are associated with the Itf-N interface. + +Figure 2: System Context B + +# 5 Information Object Classes + +## 5.1 Imported information entities and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| +| 32.302 [5], SupportIOC, NotificationIRP | NotificationIRP | +| 32.302 [5], interface, notificationIRPNotification | NotificationIRPNotification | +| | | +| 32.312 [14], SupportIOC, ManagedGenericIRP | ManagedGenericIRP | + +## 5.2 Class diagram + +This clause introduces the set of classes (i.e. IOCs, SupportIOCs) that encapsulate information within the AlarmIRP. The intent is to identify the information required for the AlarmIRP implementation of its operations and notification emission. This clause provides the overview of all support object classes in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these support object classes. + +### 5.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +![UML Class diagram showing relationships between AlarmIRP, AlarmList, AlarmInformation, MonitoredEntity, CorrelatedNotification, and Comment.](fbfa653853daf5541118a9ddecb92284_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class MonitoredEntity { + <> + } + class AlarmIRP { + <> + } + class AlarmList { + <> + } + class AlarmInformation { + <> + } + class CorrelatedNotification { + <> + } + class Comment { + <> + } + + MonitoredEntity "1" -- "0..1" MonitoredEntity : backUpObject + MonitoredEntity "1" -- "0..*" AlarmInformation : objectClass/objectInstance + AlarmIRP "1..*" -- "1" AlarmList : relation-AlarmIRP-AlarmList + AlarmList "1" -- "0..*" AlarmInformation : relation-AlarmList-AlarmInformation + AlarmInformation "0..*" -- "1" MonitoredEntity : relation-BackUpObject-AlarmInformation + AlarmInformation "0..*" -- "1" AlarmList : identifyAlarmInformation + AlarmInformation "1" -- "0..*" CorrelatedNotification : relation-AlarmInformation-CorrelatedInformation + AlarmInformation "1" -- "0..*" Comment : relation-AlarmInformation-Comment + CorrelatedNotification "0..*" -- "1" AlarmInformation : correlatedInformation + Comment "0..*" -- "1" AlarmInformation : comment + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the following classes and their relationships: + +- MonitoredEntity** (ProxyClass): + - Self-association: *backUpObject* (multiplicity 0..1 at the source, 1 at the target). + - Association with **AlarmInformation**: *objectClass/objectInstance* (multiplicity 1 at MonitoredEntity, 0..\* at AlarmInformation). + - Association with **AlarmInformation**: *relation-BackUpObject-AlarmInformation* (multiplicity 0..\* at AlarmInformation, 1 at MonitoredEntity). +- AlarmIRP** (SupportIOC): + - Association with **AlarmList**: *relation-AlarmIRP-AlarmList* (multiplicity 1..\* at AlarmIRP, 1 at AlarmList). +- AlarmList** (SupportIOC): + - Association with **AlarmInformation**: *relation-AlarmList-AlarmInformation* (multiplicity 1 at AlarmList, 0..\* at AlarmInformation). +- AlarmInformation** (SupportIOC): + - Association with **MonitoredEntity**: *relation-BackUpObject-AlarmInformation* (multiplicity 0..\* at AlarmInformation, 1 at MonitoredEntity). + - Association with **AlarmList**: *identifyAlarmInformation* (multiplicity 0..\* at AlarmInformation, 1 at AlarmList). + - Association with **CorrelatedNotification**: *relation-AlarmInformation-CorrelatedInformation* (multiplicity 1 at AlarmInformation, 0..\* at CorrelatedNotification). + - Association with **Comment**: *relation-AlarmInformation-Comment* (multiplicity 1 at AlarmInformation, 0..\* at Comment). +- CorrelatedNotification** (SupportIOC): + - Association with **AlarmInformation**: *correlatedInformation* (multiplicity 0..\* at CorrelatedNotification, 1 at AlarmInformation). +- Comment** (SupportIOC): + - Association with **AlarmInformation**: *comment* (multiplicity 0..\* at Comment, 1 at AlarmInformation). + +UML Class diagram showing relationships between AlarmIRP, AlarmList, AlarmInformation, MonitoredEntity, CorrelatedNotification, and Comment. + +### 5.2.2 Inheritance + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from AlarmIRP to ManagedGenericIRP.](cab0834804fb031b43865554cc8d06ab_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class ManagedGenericIRP { + <> + ManagedGenericIRP + (from TS 32.312) + } + class AlarmIRP { + <> + AlarmIRP + } + ManagedGenericIRP <|-- AlarmIRP +``` + +The diagram illustrates an inheritance relationship between two classes. The base class is **ManagedGenericIRP** (from TS 32.312), which is part of the **«SupportIOC»** stereotype. The derived class is **AlarmIRP**, also part of the **«SupportIOC»** stereotype. A solid line with an open triangle arrowhead points from **AlarmIRP** to **ManagedGenericIRP**, indicating that **AlarmIRP** inherits from **ManagedGenericIRP**. + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from AlarmIRP to ManagedGenericIRP. + +## 5.3 Information Object Class Definitions + +### 5.3.1 AlarmInformation + +#### 5.3.1.1 Definition + +**AlarmInformation** contains information about alarm condition of an alarmed **MonitoredEntity**. + +One **AlarmIRP** is related to at most one **AlarmList**. The **IRPAGENT** or its related **AlarmIRP** or the related **AlarmList** assigns an identifier, called **alarmId**, to each **AlarmInformation** in the **AlarmList**. An **alarmId** unambiguously identifies one **AlarmInformation** in the **AlarmList**. + +#### 5.3.1.2 Attribute + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| alarmId | M | +| notificationId | M | +| alarmRaisedTime | M | +| alarmClearedTime | M | +| alarmChangedTime | O | +| eventType | M | +| probableCause | M | +| perceivedSeverity | M | +| rootCauseIndicator | O | +| specificProblem | O | +| backedUpStatus | O | +| trendIndication | O | +| thresholdInfo | O | +| stateChangeDefinition | O | +| monitoredAttributes | O | +| proposedRepairActions | O | +| additionalText | O | +| additionalInformation | O(see note 4) | +| ackTime | M | +| ackUserId | M | +| ackSystemId | O | +| ackState | M | +| clearUserId | O (see note 2) | +| clearSystemId | O (see note 2) | +| serviceUser | O (see note 3) | +| serviceProvider | O (see note 3) | +| securityAlarmDetector | O (see note 3) | +| NOTE 1: Void. | | +| NOTE 2: These attributes and qualifiers are applicable only if the IRP Agent supports clearAlarms() (they are absent if clearAlarms() is not supported). | | +| NOTE 3: These attributes must be supported if the IRP Agent emits notifyNewAlarm that carries security alarm information. | | +| NOTE 4: This attribute is optionally populated whenever vendor specific attributes are needed.
A specific condition for this optional population is when an alarm presented by the EM (e.g. EM user interface) has different values of perceived severity, and / or alarm type, compared with the values presented to the Itf-N. | | + +#### 5.3.1.3 State diagram + +Alarms have states. The alarm state information is captured in `AlarmInformation` in `AlarmList`. + +The solid circle icon represents the Start State. The double circle icon represents the End State. In this state, the alarm is Cleared and acknowledged. The `AlarmInformation` shall not be accessible via the IRP and is removed from the `AlarmList`. + +Note the state diagram uses " X / Y ^ Z " to label the arc that indicates state transition. The meanings of X, Y and Z are: + +- X identifies the triggering event +- Y identifies the action of `AlarmIRP` because of the triggering event +- Z is the notification to be emitted by `AlarmIRP` because of the triggering event + +Note that `acknowledgeAlarm^notifyAckStateChanged` and the `unacknowledgeAlarm^notifyAckStateChange` refer to cases when the request of the `IRPManager` is successful for the `AlarmInformation` concerned. They do not refer to the cases when the request is a failure since in the failure cases, no state transition would occur. + +Note that, to reduce cluttering to the diagram, the `setComment^notifyComment` is not included in the figure. One transition should be applied from `unack&unclear` to itself. Similarly, another transition should be applied from `ack&unclear` to itself. Another one is from `unack&clear` to itself. + +"PS" used in the state diagram stands for "perceived severity". + +Figure A is used if it supports notifyChangedAlarm and Figure B is used if it does not support notifyChangedAlarm. + +![State diagram for alarm handling where ^notifyChangedAlarm is supported. It starts at an initial state, transitions to 'unack&unclear' on 'MO emits alarm / IRP Agent creates a new AlarmInformation. ^notifyNewAlarm'. From 'unack&unclear', it can go to 'ack&unclear' on 'acknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChanged', back to 'unack&unclear' on 'unacknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChange', to 'unack&clear' on 'MO PS level changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm', or to a terminal state on 'MO PS changes & new level is not cleared ^notifyChangedAlarm'. From 'ack&unclear', it can go to 'unack&unclear' on 'unacknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChange', to 'unack&clear' on 'MO PS level changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm', or to a terminal state on 'MO PS changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm'. From 'unack&clear', it can go to 'unack&unclear' on 'MO emits the same alarm ^notifyChangedAlarm' or to a terminal state on 'acknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChanged'.](9b6b5924b48bf2fd5f347f88f06f45b3_img.jpg) + +The MO alarm's matching-criteria-attributes are not identical to the matching-criteria-attributes of any AlarmInformation in AlarmList. See appendix for the definition of matching-criteria-attributes. + +``` +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> unack&unclear : MO emits alarm / IRP Agent creates a new AlarmInformation. ^notifyNewAlarm + unack&unclear --> ack&unclear : acknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChanged + ack&unclear --> unack&unclear : unacknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChange + unack&unclear --> unack&clear : MO PS level changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm + unack&unclear --> [*] : MO PS changes & new level is not cleared ^notifyChangedAlarm + ack&unclear --> unack&unclear : unacknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChange + ack&unclear --> unack&clear : MO PS level changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm + ack&unclear --> [*] : MO PS changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm + unack&clear --> unack&unclear : MO emits the same alarm ^notifyChangedAlarm + unack&clear --> [*] : acknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChanged +``` + +This is the terminal state (acknowledged and cleared) +This AlarmInformation no longer exists in the AlarmList. + +State diagram for alarm handling where ^notifyChangedAlarm is supported. It starts at an initial state, transitions to 'unack&unclear' on 'MO emits alarm / IRP Agent creates a new AlarmInformation. ^notifyNewAlarm'. From 'unack&unclear', it can go to 'ack&unclear' on 'acknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChanged', back to 'unack&unclear' on 'unacknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChange', to 'unack&clear' on 'MO PS level changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm', or to a terminal state on 'MO PS changes & new level is not cleared ^notifyChangedAlarm'. From 'ack&unclear', it can go to 'unack&unclear' on 'unacknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChange', to 'unack&clear' on 'MO PS level changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm', or to a terminal state on 'MO PS changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm'. From 'unack&clear', it can go to 'unack&unclear' on 'MO emits the same alarm ^notifyChangedAlarm' or to a terminal state on 'acknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChanged'. + +Figure A. notifyChangedAlarm supported + +![State transition diagram for an alarm. It starts at an initial state (black dot) leading to 'unack&unclear' via 'MO emits alarm / IRP Agent creates a new AlarmInformation. ^notifyNewAlarm'. From 'unack&unclear', a self-loop labeled 'MO PS changes & new level is not cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm,' returns to 'unack&unclear'. A transition to 'ack&unclear' is labeled 'acknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChanged'. A transition back to 'unack&unclear' is labeled 'unacknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChange'. From 'unack&unclear', a transition to 'unack&clear' is labeled 'MO PS level changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm'. From 'ack&unclear', a transition to the final state (bullseye) is labeled 'MO PS changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm'. From 'unack&clear', a transition to the final state is labeled 'acknowledgeAlarm / MO emits the same alarm ^notifyAckStateChanged'. Two callout boxes provide additional information: one at the top left about matching-criteria-attributes, and one at the bottom right identifying the final state.](1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> unack&unclear : MO emits alarm / IRP Agent creates a new AlarmInformation. ^notifyNewAlarm + unack&unclear --> unack&unclear : MO PS changes & new level is not cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm, + unack&unclear --> ack&unclear : acknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChanged + ack&unclear --> unack&unclear : unacknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChange + unack&unclear --> unack&clear : MO PS level changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm + ack&unclear --> [*] : MO PS changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm + unack&clear --> [*] : acknowledgeAlarm / MO emits the same alarm ^notifyAckStateChanged + +``` + +The MO alarm's matching-criteria-attributes are not identical to the matching-criteria-attributes of any AlarmInformation in AlarmList. See appendix for the definition of matching-criteria-attributes. + +This is the terminal state (acknowledged and cleared) +This AlarmInformation no longer exists in the AlarmList. + +State transition diagram for an alarm. It starts at an initial state (black dot) leading to 'unack&unclear' via 'MO emits alarm / IRP Agent creates a new AlarmInformation. ^notifyNewAlarm'. From 'unack&unclear', a self-loop labeled 'MO PS changes & new level is not cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm,' returns to 'unack&unclear'. A transition to 'ack&unclear' is labeled 'acknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChanged'. A transition back to 'unack&unclear' is labeled 'unacknowledgeAlarm ^notifyAckStateChange'. From 'unack&unclear', a transition to 'unack&clear' is labeled 'MO PS level changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm'. From 'ack&unclear', a transition to the final state (bullseye) is labeled 'MO PS changes to cleared ^notifyClearedAlarm'. From 'unack&clear', a transition to the final state is labeled 'acknowledgeAlarm / MO emits the same alarm ^notifyAckStateChanged'. Two callout boxes provide additional information: one at the top left about matching-criteria-attributes, and one at the bottom right identifying the final state. + +**Figure B. ^notifyChangedAlarm not supported** + +### 5.3.2 AlarmList + +#### 5.3.2.1 Definition + +AlarmIRP maintains an AlarmList that contains currently active alarms (i.e. AlarmInformation whose perceivedSeverity is not Cleared) and alarms that are Cleared but not yet acknowledged. + +#### 5.3.2.2 Attribute + +There is no additional attribute defined for this class besides those inherited. + +### 5.3.3 AlarmIRP + +#### 5.3.3.1 Definition + +AlarmIRP is the representation of the alarm management capabilities specified by the present document. This class inherits from ManagedGenericIRP class specified in 3GPP TS 32.312 [14]. + +#### 5.3.3.2 Attribute + +There is no additional attribute defined for this class besides those inherited. + +#### 5.3.3.3 Notification Table + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|--------------------------------|-----------|-------------| +| notifyAlarmListRebuilt | M | See 6.8.4. | +| notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList | O | See 6.11.1. | + +### 5.3.4 Comment + +#### 5.3.4.1 Definition + +Comment contains commentary and associated information such as the time when the commentary is made. + +#### 5.3.4.2 Attribute + +| Attribute Name | Support Qualifier | +|-----------------|-------------------| +| commentTime | M | +| commentText | M | +| commentUserId | M | +| commentSystemId | O | + +### 5.3.5 CorrelatedNotification + +#### 5.3.5.1 Definition + +It identifies one MonitoredEntity. For that MonitoredEntity identified, a set of notification identifiers is also identified. One or more CorrelatedNotification instances can be related to an AlarmInformation. In this case, the information of the AlarmInformation is said to be correlated to information carried in the notifications identified by the CorrelatedNotification instances. See further definition of correlated notification in ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2], clause 8.1.2.9. + +The notification identified by the CorrelatedNotification, as defined in ITU-T and used here, can carry all types of information and not restricted to carrying alarm information only (see TS 32.302 [5]). For example, a notification, identified by the CorrelatedNotification, can indicate a managed instance attribute value change. In this case, the information of the AlarmInformation is said to be correlated to the managed instance attribute value change event. + +The meaning of correlation is dependent on the type of notification itself. See the comment column of the correlatedNotification input parameter for each type of notification, such as notifyNewAlarm. + +Notification carries AlarmInformation. The AlarmInformation instances referred to by the correlatedNotification may or may not exist in the AlarmList. For example, the AlarmInformation carried by the identified notification may have been acknowledged and Cleared and therefore, no longer exist in the AlarmList. + +#### 5.3.5.2 Attribute + +| Attribute Name | Support Qualifier | +|-------------------|-------------------| +| source | M | +| notificationIdSet | M | + +### 5.3.6 MonitoredEntity + +#### 5.3.6.1 Definition + +It represents classes that can have an alarmed state. The types of classes that can have alarmed state are: + +- a) All classes whose Notification Tables include alarm notifications. +- b) VSE subclass of 3GPP defined classes and VSE defined classes that can have alarmed state. + +The `objectClass` and `objectInstance` of this class identifies an instance of this class. The `AlarmInformation` uses this information in two places. In one place, the information is used to identify the instance that is in alarmed state. In another place, the information is used to identify an instance that can be used as the back up network resource for the instance that is in alarmed state. + +#### 5.3.6.2 Attribute + +There is no attribute for this class. + +## 5.4 Information relationships definition + +### 5.4.1 relation-AlarmIRP-AlarmList (M) + +#### 5.4.1.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between `AlarmIRP` and `AlarmList`. + +#### 5.4.1.2 Role + +There is no role defined for this relationship. + +#### 5.4.1.3 Constraint + +There is no constraint for this relationship. + +### 5.4.2 relation-AlarmList-AlarmInformation (M) + +#### 5.4.2.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between `AlarmList` and `AlarmInformation`. + +#### 5.4.2.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| identifyAlarmInformation | It represents a capability to obtain the information contained in AlarmInformation . | + +#### 5.4.2.3 Constraint + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| inv_hasAlarmInformation1 | No AlarmInformation playing the role of the AlarmInformation shall have its perceivedSeverity = "cleared" and its ackState = "acknowledged". | +| inv_hasAlarmInformation2 | The alarmId of all AlarmInformation instances playing the role of the AlarmInformation are distinct. | + +### 5.4.3 relation-AlarmInformation-Comment (M) + +#### 5.4.3.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between `AlarmInformation` and `Comment`. + +#### 5.4.3.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|---------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| comment | It represents a capability to obtain the information contained in Comment. | + +#### 5.4.3.3 Constraint + +There is no constraint. + +### 5.4.4 relation-AlarmInformation-CorrelatedNotification (M) + +#### 5.4.4.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between AlarmInformation and CorrelatedNotification. + +#### 5.4.4.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| correlatedNotification | It represents a capability to obtain the information contained in CorrelatedNotification. | + +#### 5.4.4.3 Constraint + +There is no constraint. + +### 5.4.5 relation-AlarmedObject-AlarmInformation (M) + +#### 5.4.5.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between MonitoredEntity and AlarmInformation. + +#### 5.4.5.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass/objectInstance | It represents the capability to obtain the identification, in terms of objectClass and objectInstance, of alarmed network resource. | + +#### 5.4.5.3 Constraint + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| inv_relation-AI-ME | All AlarmInformation involved in this relationship with the same MonitoredEntity shall have at least one different value in the following attributes: eventType, probableCause and specificProblem. | + +### 5.4.6 relation-backUpObject-AlarmInformation (O) + +#### 5.4.6.1 Definition + +The relationship represents the relationship between AlarmInformation and the backUpObject. + +#### 5.4.6.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| backUpObject | It represents a capability to obtain the identification, in terms of objectClass and objectInstance, of the backUpObject. | + +#### 5.4.6.3 Constraint + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| inv_identifyBackUpObject | This relationship is present if and only if the AlarmInformation.backedUpStatus attribute is present and is indicating true. | + +## 5.5 Information attribute definition + +### 5.5.1 Definition and legal values + +| Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmId | It identifies one AlarmInformation in the AlarmList. | | +| notificationId | It identifies the notification that carries the AlarmInformation. | | +| alarmRaisedTime | It indicates the date and time when the alarm is first raised by the alarmed resource. | All values indicating valid time. | +| alarmChangedTime | It indicates the last date and time when the AlarmInformation is changed by the alarmed resource. Changes to AlarmInformation caused by invocations of the IRPManager would not change this date and time. | All values indicating valid time. | +| alarmClearedTime | It indicates the date and time when the alarm is Cleared. | All values indicating valid time. | +| eventType | It indicates the type of event. See Annex A for information on event type. | See Annex A. | +| probableCause | It qualifies alarm and provides further information than eventType. See Annex B for a complete listing. | See Annex B. | +| perceivedSeverity | It indicates the relative level of urgency for operator attention. | Critical, Major, Minor, Warning, Indeterminate, Cleared: see ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2]. This IRP does not recommend the use of indeterminate. | +| specificProblem | It provides further qualification on the alarm than probableCause. This attribute value shall be single-value and of simple type such as integer or string. See definition in ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2] clause 8.1.2.2. | Provided by vendor. | +| backedUpStatus | It indicates if an object (the MonitoredEntity) has a back up. See definition in ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2] clause 8.1.2.4. | All values that carry the semantics of backedUpStatus defined by ITU-T X.733 [2] clause 8.1.2.4. | +| trendIndication | It indicates if some observed condition is getting better, worse, or not changing. | "Less severe", "no change", "more severe": see definition in ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2] clause 8.1.2.6. | +| thresholdInfo | It indicates the crossed threshold information such as:
  • • The identifier of the monitored attribute whose value has crossed a threshold,
  • • The threshold settings,
  • • The observed value that have crossed a threshold, etc.
See definition in ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2] clause 8.1.2.7. See also for information in TS 32.401 [4] subclause 5.6. | | +| stateChangeDefinition | It indicates MO attribute value changes. See definition in ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2] clause 8.1.2.10. | | +| monitoredAttributes | It indicates MO attributes whose value changes are being monitored. See definition in ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2] clause 8.1.2.11. | | +| proposedRepairActions | It indicates proposed repair actions. See definition in ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2] clause 8.1.2.12. | | +| additionalText | It carries semantics that is outside the scope of this IRP specification. It may provide the identity of the NE (e.g. RNC, Node-B) from which the alarm has been originated. It corresponds to the "user label" attribute of the object class representing the NE in the Generic Network Resource Model [10].

It can contain further information on the alarm. | N/A | + +| Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| additionalInformation |

This attribute when present allows the inclusion of a set of vendor specific alarm information in the alarm.

A specific condition for this optional population is when an alarm presented by the EM (e.g. EM user interface) has different values of perceived severity, and / or alarm type, compared with the values presented to the Itf-N.

Any other uses of additional information on the alarm and its semantics is outside the scope of this IRP.

|

The additional information field is a list of one or more information parts.

This specification allows the support of two such information parts to carry

  • • vendor defined perceived severity
  • • vendor defined alarm type

using defined identification.

Other vendor specific information parts are allowed by using vendor specific identifications.

| +| ackTime | It identifies the time when the alarm has been acknowledged or unacknowledged the last time, i.e. it registers the time when ackState changes. | All values that indicate valid time that are later than that carried in alarmRaisedTime. | +| ackUserId | It identifies the last user who has changed the Acknowledgement State. | It can be used to identify the human operator such as "John Smith" or it can identify a group, such as "Team Six", or it can contain no information such as "". | +| ackSystemId | It identifies the system (EM or NM) that last changed the ackState of an alarm, i.e. acknowledged or unacknowledged the alarm. | It can be used to identify the system, such as "system 6" or it can contain no information such as "". | +| ackState | It identifies the Acknowledgement State of the alarm. |

Acknowledged: the alarm has been acknowledged.

Unacknowledged: the alarm has been unacknowledged or the alarm has never been acknowledged.

| +| commentTime | It carries the time when the comment has been added to the alarm. | | +| commentText | It carries the textual comment. | | +| commentUserId | It carries the identification of the user who made the comment. | | +| commentSystemId | It carries the identification of the system (EM or NM) from which the comment is made. That system supports the user that made the comment. | | +| rootCauseIndicator | It indicates that this AlarmInformation is the root cause of the events captured by the notifications whose identifiers are in the related CorrelatedNotification instances. | "Yes", "No" | +| source | It identifies one MonitoredEntity. | All values that carry the semantics of DN. | +| notificationIdSet | It carries one or more notification identifiers. | | +| clearUserId | It carries the identity of the user who invokes the clearAlarms operation. | It can be used to identify the human operator such as "John Smith" or it can identify a group, such as "Team Six", or it can contain no information such as "". | +| clearSystemId | It carries the identity of the system in which the IRPManager runs. That IRPManager supports the user who invokes the clearAlarms(). | It can be used to identify the system, such as "system 6" or it can contain no information such as "". | +| serviceUser | It identifies the service-user whose request for service provided by the serviceProvider led to the generation of the security alarm. | This attribute may carry no information if the server user is not identifiable. | +| serviceProvider | It identifies the service-provider whose service is requested by the serviceUser and the service request provokes the generation of the security alarm. | | +| securityAlarmDetector | It carries the identity of the detector of the security alarm. | This attribute may carry no information if the security alarm detector is not identifiable. | + +### 5.5.2 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| inv_alarmChangedTime | Time indicated shall be later than that carried in alarmRaisedTime. | +| inv_alarmClearedTime | Time indicated shall be later than that carried in alarmRaisedTime. | +| inv_ackTime | Time indicated shall be later than that carried in alarmRaisedTime. | +| inv_notificationId | NotificationIds shall be chosen to be unique across all notifications of a particular Managed Object (representing the NE) throughout the time that alarm correlation is significant. The algorithm by which alarm correlation is accomplished is outside the scope of this IRP. | + +# 6 Interface Definition + +## 6.1 Class diagram + +![UML Class diagram showing AlarmIRP interface and its operations.](e821c3d8a87ee2a9ff6b8644ffe6bdae_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class AlarmIRP { + <> + } + class AlarmIRPOperation_1 { + << Interface>> + getAlarmList() + acknowledgeAlarms() + } + class AlarmIRPOperation_2 { + << Interface>> + getAlarmCount() + } + class AlarmIRPOperation_3 { + << Interface>> + unacknowledgeAlarms() + } + class AlarmIRPOperation_4 { + << Interface>> + setComment() + } + class AlarmIRPOperation_5 { + << Interface>> + clearAlarms() + } + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPOperation_1 + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPOperation_2 + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPOperation_3 + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPOperation_4 + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPOperation_5 + note for AlarmIRP "<>" + note for AlarmIRPOperation_1 "<>" + note for AlarmIRPOperation_2 "<>" + note for AlarmIRPOperation_3 "<>" + note for AlarmIRPOperation_4 "<>" + note for AlarmIRPOperation_5 "<>" +``` + +The diagram illustrates a class hierarchy. At the top is a class box labeled **<> AlarmIRP**. Below it are five interface boxes, each labeled **<< Interface>>** followed by a name and its methods: + +- AlarmIRPOperation\_1**: contains methods `getAlarmList()` and `acknowledgeAlarms()` +- AlarmIRPOperation\_2**: contains method `getAlarmCount()` +- AlarmIRPOperation\_3**: contains method `unacknowledgeAlarms()` +- AlarmIRPOperation\_4**: contains method `setComment()` +- AlarmIRPOperation\_5**: contains method `clearAlarms()` + +Arrows point from the **AlarmIRP** class to each of the five interface boxes. Each arrow is labeled with **<>**. + +UML Class diagram showing AlarmIRP interface and its operations. + +![UML class diagram showing AlarmIRP class and its associations with various Notification classes.](2ae3eae1bd80a90f192f568ae246a9a6_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class AlarmIRP { + <> + } + class AlarmIRPNotifications_1 { + <> + notifyNewAlarm() + notifyAckStateChange() + notifyClearedAlarm() + notifyAlarmListRebuilt() + } + class AlarmIRPNotification_2 { + <> + notifyChangedAlarm() + } + class AlarmIRPNotification_5 { + <> + notifyCorrelatedNotificationChange... + } + class AlarmIRPNotification_4 { + <> + notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmLis... + } + class AlarmIRPNotification_3 { + <> + notifyComments() + } + + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPNotifications_1 : <> + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPNotification_2 : <> + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPNotification_5 : <> + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPNotification_4 : <> + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPNotification_3 : <> +``` + +UML class diagram showing AlarmIRP class and its associations with various Notification classes. + +## 6.2 Generic rules + +Rule 1: each operation with at least one input parameter supports a pre-condition valid\_input\_parameter which indicates that all input parameters shall be valid with regards to their information type. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception operation\_failed\_invalid\_input\_parameter which is raised when pre-condition valid\_input\_parameter is false. The exception has the same entry and exit state. + +Rule 2: Each operation with at least one optional input parameter supports a set of pre-conditions supported\_optional\_input\_parameter\_xxx where "xxx" is the name of the optional input parameter and the pre-condition indicates that the operation supports the named optional input parameter. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception + +`operation_failed_unsupported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` which is raised when (a) the pre-condition `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` is false and (b) the named optional input parameter is carrying information. The exception has the same entry and exit state. + +Rule 3: each operation shall support a generic exception `operation_failed_internal_problem` that is raised when an internal problem occurs and that the operation cannot be completed. The exception has the same entry and exit state. + +## 6.3 Interface AlarmIRPOperations\_1 (M) + +### 6.3.1 acknowledgeAlarms (M) + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +The `IRPManager` invokes this operation to acknowledge one or more alarms. + +The `IRPManager` may supply the identifier of the alarm and its `perceivedSeverity`. The reason for supplying the `perceivedSeverity`, in addition to the identifier of the alarm, is given in Annex E. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|-------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmInformationAndSeverityReferenceList | M | List of AlarmInformation.alarmId and AlarmInformation.perceivedSeverity | It carries one or more identifiers identifying AlarmInformation instances in AlarmList , including optionally the perceivedSeverity of the AlarmInformation instance that is going to be acknowledged.
alarm InformationAndSeverity ReferenceList
{ alarmId - Mandatory;
perceivedSeverity - Optional
} | +| ackUserId | M | AlarmInformation.ackUserId | It identifies the user acknowledging the alarm. | +| ackSystemId | O | AlarmInformation.ackSystemId | It identifies the processing system on which the subject IRPManager runs. It may be absent implying that IRPManager does not wish this information be kept in AlarmInformation in AlarmList . | + +#### 6.3.1.3 Output Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|------------------------------------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| badAlarm
Information
ReferenceList | M | List of pair of AlarmInformation.alarmId , ENUM ( UnknownAlarmId , AcknowledgmentFailed , WrongPerceivedSeverity ) and additional failure reason. |

If allAlarmsAcknowledged is true, it contains no information.

If someAlarmAcknowledged is true, then it contains identifications of AlarmInformation that are (a) present in input parameter AlarmInformationReferenceList but are absent in the AlarmList = UnknownAlarmId; or

(b) present in input parameter AlarmInformationReferenceList and are present in the AlarmList but the Acknowledgement Information (see note below table) has not changed, in contrast to IRPManager's request = AcknowledgmentFailed; or

(c) present in input parameter AlarmInformationReferenceList and are present in the AlarmList but the perceivedSeverity to be acknowledged has changed and/or is different within the Alarm List = WrongPerceivedSeverity (applicable only if perceivedSeverity was provided).

| +| status | M | ENUM ( OperationSucceeded , OperationFailed , OperationPartiallySucceeded ) |

If someAlarmAcknowledged is true, status = OperationPartiallySucceeded.

If allAlarmsAcknowledged is true, status = OperationSucceeded.

If operation failed is true, status = OperationFailed.

| + +NOTE: Acknowledgement Information is defined as the information contained in `AlarmInformation.ackTime`, `AlarmInformation.ackUserId`, `AlarmInformation.ackSystemId`, `AlarmInformation.ackState`. + +#### 6.3.1.4 Pre-condition + +`atLeastOneValidId`. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| atLeastOneValidId | The AlarmInformationReferenceList contains at least one identifier that identifies one AlarmInformation in AlarmList and that this identified AlarmInformation shall have its ackState indicating "unacknowledged" and, if provided, an equal perceivedSeverity . | + +#### 6.3.1.5 Post-condition + +`someAlarmAcknowledged OR allAlarmsAcknowledged`. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| someAlarmAcknowledged | At least one but not all AlarmInformation identified in input parameter AlarmInformationReferenceList has been acknowledged. Acknowledgement of an AlarmInformation means that the ackState attribute has been set to "acknowledged", that ackUserId, ackSystemId attributes of this AlarmInformation have been set to the values provided as input parameter and that the time of acknowledgeAlarms operation has been registered in ackTime attribute. | +| allAlarmsAcknowledged | All AlarmInformation identified in input parameter have been acknowledged. Acknowledgement of an AlarmInformation means that the ackState attribute has been set to "acknowledged", that ackUserId, ackSystemId attributes of this AlarmInformation have been set to the values provided as input parameter and that the time of acknowledgeAlarms operation has been registered in ackTime attribute. | + +#### 6.3.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operation_failed | Condition: Pre-condition is false or post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +### 6.3.2 getAlarmList (M) + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +The IRPManager invokes this operation to request the AlarmIRP to provide either the complete list of AlarmInformation instances in the AlarmList or only a part of this list (partial alarm alignment). + +The parameters baseObjectClass and baseObjectInstance are used to identify the part of the alarm list to be returned. If they are absent, then the complete alarm list shall be provided (full alarm alignment). If they identify a particular class instance, then only a) the AlarmInformation instances related to this class instance and b) the AlarmInformation instances related to the subordinate class instances of this class instance shall be provided (partial alarm alignment). An instance-a is said to be subordinate to instance-b if the DN of the latter is part of the DN of the former. + +There are two modes of operation. One mode is synchronous. In this mode, the list of AlarmInformation instances in AlarmList is returned synchronously with the operation. The other mode is asynchronous. In this mode, the list of AlarmInformation instances is returned via notifications. In asynchronous mode of operation, the only information returned synchronously is the status of the operation. A method allowing to abort an ongoing alarm alignment process shall be available in the asynchronous mode. The mode of operation to be used is determined by means outside the scope of specification. To use asynchronous mode, the IRPManager must have established a subscription with the NotificationIRP via the subscribe operation specified in 3GPP TS 32.302 [5]. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmAckState | O | ENUM (all alarms, all active alarms, all active and acknowledged alarms, all active and unacknowledged, all Cleared and unacknowledged alarms, all unacknowledged) | It carries a constraint. The AlarmIRP shall apply it on AlarmInformation instances in AlarmList when constructing its output parameter AlarmInformationList. | +| baseObjectClass | O, see note 1 | This parameter is either absent or carries the object class of a certain class. | See how this attribute is used to support full alarm alignment and partial alarm alignment in 6.3.2.1.
See note 2. | +| baseObjectInstance | O, see note 1 | This parameter is either absent or carries the DN of a certain class instance. | See how this attribute is used to support full alarm alignment and partial alarm alignment in 6.3.2.1.
See note 2. | +| filter | O | N/A | It carries a filter constraint.
If the filter is present, the AlarmIRP shall apply it on AlarmInformation instances in AlarmList when constructing its output parameter AlarmInformationList.
If the filter is not present, all of the AlarmInformation instances included by the scope are selected. | +| NOTE 1: If the notification notifyAlarmListRebuilt supports indicating that only a part of the alarm list has been rebuilt then the operation getAlarmList shall support partial alarm alignment. | | | | +| NOTE 2: The legal values of the parameters baseObjectClass and baseObjectInstance are restricted to those carried by the parameters baseObjectClass and baseObjectInstance in the recent notifyAlarmListRebuilt notifications. The timeline for "recent" is vendor-specific. | | | | + +#### 6.3.2.3 Output Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmInformationList | M

For the Qualifier of the parameters in each list entry see the following table | List of AlarmInformation. | It carries the requested AlarmInformation instances.

Case when synchronous mode of operation is used:
(a) The AlarmIRP shall apply the constraints expressed in alarmAckState and filter to AlarmInformation instances when constructing this output parameter.

Case when asynchronous mode of operation is used (i.e. this output parameter is conveyed via notifications):

(a) If the filter parameter is present, the IRP Agent shall apply the constraint when constructing this output parameter. Furthermore, if the alarmAckState constraint is present, the IRP Agent shall apply that constraint as well. The filter constraint, if any, that is currently active in the notification channel is not used for the construction of this output parameter.

(b) If the filter parameter is absent, the IRP Agent shall apply the filter constraint currently active in the notification channel when constructing this output parameter. If the alarmAckState constraint is present, the IRP Agent shall apply that constraint as well. | +| status | M | ENUM
(OperationSucceeded,
OperationFailed) | If allAlarmInformationReturned is true, status = OperationSucceeded.
If operation_failed is true, status = OperationFailed. | + +The following table lists the set of sub-elements of the alarmInformationList attribute, and alarmInformationList forms a list of such sets. + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-----------------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| notificationType | M | "notifyNewAlarm"
or
"notifyChangedAlarm"
or
"notifyClearedAlarm" | The parameter carries
  • notifyNewAlarm in case the alarm has not yet changed and has not yet been cleared.
  • notifyChangedAlarm in case the alarm has changed but has not yet been cleared.
  • notifyClearedAlarm in case the alarm has been cleared but not yet acknowledged.
| +| alarmType | M | AlarmInformation.eventType | This parameter indicates "Communications Alarm", "Processing Error Alarm", "Environmental Alarm", "Quality Of Service Alarm" or "Equipment Alarm" for non-security-related alarms. It indicates "Integrity Violation", "Operational Violation", "Physical Violation", "Security Service or Mechanism Violation" or "Time Domain Violation" for security alarms. | +| objectClass, objectInstance | M | MonitoredEntity.objectClass where the MonitoredEntity is identified by the relation-AlarmedObject-AlarmInformation of the new AlarmInformation.
MonitoredEntity.objectInstance where the MonitoredEntity is identified by the relation-AlarmedObject-AlarmInformation of the new AlarmInformation. | | +| notificationId | M | This carries the semantics of notification identifier. | | +| eventTime | O | AlarmInformation.alarmRaisedTime or AlarmInformation.alarmChangedTime or AlarmInformation.alarmClearedTime | The parameter carries the
  • alarmRaisedTime in case notificationType carries notifyNewAlarm
  • alarmChangedTime in case notificationType carries notifyChangedAlarm
  • alarmClearedTime in case notificationType carries notifyClearedAlarm
The availability and accuracy of time carried by the time parameters in individual entries of the list (i.e. eventTime, alarmRaisedTime, alarmClearedTime and ackTime) shall be "best effort".
Reason: An EMS is not required to persistently store these times or other alarm information (as in case of synchronization information may be provided by the NE), while also some NE's do not keep these times (and a later attempt to retrieve the alarm data from the NEs will not deliver these time data). | +| systemDN | C | See usage of this attribute in Notification header - see [5]. | Presence dependent on solution set.
See usage of this attribute in Notification header - see [5]. | +| alarmId | M | AlarmInformation.alarmId | | +| alarmRaisedTime | M | AlarmInformation.alarmRaisedTime | The availability and accuracy of time carried by the time parameters in individual entries of the list (i.e. eventTime, alarmRaisedTime, alarmClearedTime and ackTime) shall be "best effort".
Reason: An EMS is not required to persistently store these times or other alarm information (as in case of synchronization information may be provided by the NE), while also some NE's do not keep these times (and a later attempt to retrieve the alarm data from the NEs will not deliver these time data). | +| alarmChangedTime | O | AlarmInformation.alarmChangedTime | not applicable if the severity of related alarm was not changed

The availability and accuracy of time carried by the time parameters in individual entries of the list (i.e. eventTime, alarmRaisedTime, alarmChangedTime, alarmClearedTime and ackTime) shall be "best effort".
Reason: An EMS is not required to persistently store these times or other alarm information (as in case of synchronization information may be provided by the NE), while also some NE's do not keep these times (and a later attempt to retrieve the alarm data from the NEs will not deliver these time data). | + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmClearedTime | M | AlarmInformation.alarmClearedTime | not applicable if related alarm was not cleared

The availability and accuracy of time carried by the time parameters in individual entries of the list (i.e. eventTime, alarmRaisedTime, alarmClearedTime and ackTime) shall be "best effort".
Reason: An EMS is not required to persistently store these times or other alarm information (as in case of synchronization information may be provided by the NE), while also some NE's do not keep these times (and a later attempt to retrieve the alarm data from the NEs will not deliver these time data). | +| probableCause | M | AlarmInformation.probableCause | | +| perceivedSeverity | M | AlarmInformation.perceivedSeverity | | +| rootCauseIndicator | O | AlarmInformation.rootCauseIndicator | | +| specificProblem | O | AlarmInformation.specificProblem | | +| backedUpStatus | O | AlarmInformation.backedUpStatus | not applicable if related alarm is a security alarm | +| trendIndication | O | AlarmInformation.trendIndication | not applicable if related alarm is a security alarm | +| thresholdInfo | O | AlarmInformation.thresholdInfo | not applicable if related alarm is a security alarm | +| stateChangeDefinition | O | AlarmInformation.stateChange | not applicable if related alarm is a security alarm | +| monitoredAttributes | O | AlarmInformation.monitoredAttributes | not applicable if related alarm is a security alarm | +| proposedRepairActions | O | AlarmInformation.proposedRepairActions | not applicable if related alarm is a security alarm | +| additionalText | O | AlarmInformation.additionalText | | +| additionalInformation | O | AlarmInformation.additionalInformation | | +| ackTime | M | AlarmInformation.ackTime | not applicable if related alarm was not acknowledged nor unacknowledged

The availability and accuracy of time carried by the time parameters in individual entries of the list (i.e. eventTime, alarmRaisedTime, alarmClearedTime and ackTime) shall be "best effort".
Reason: An EMS is not required to persistently store these times or other alarm information (as in case of synchronization information may be provided by the NE), while also some NE's do not keep these times (and a later attempt to retrieve the alarm data from the NEs will not deliver these time data). | +| ackUserId | M | AlarmInformation.ackUserId | not applicable if related alarm was not acknowledged nor unacknowledged | +| ackSystemId | O | AlarmInformation.ackSystemId | not applicable if related alarm was not acknowledged nor unacknowledged | +| ackState | M | AlarmInformation.ackState | not applicable if related alarm was not acknowledged nor unacknowledged | +| clearUserId | O | AlarmInformation.clearUserId | not applicable if related alarm was not cleared | +| clearSystemId | O | AlarmInformation.clearSystemId | not applicable if related alarm was not cleared | +| backUpObject | O | MonitoredEntity.objectInstance where the MonitoredEntity is identified by relation-BackUpObject-AlarmInformation of the new AlarmInformation. | not applicable if related alarm is a security alarm | +| correlatedNotifications | O | The set of CorrelatedNotification related to this AlarmInformation. | | +| comments | M | The set of Comment instances involved in a relationship with this AlarmInformation. | not applicable if the related alarm has no appended comments | +| serviceUser | M | AlarmInformation.serviceUser | not applicable if related alarm is not a security alarm | +| serviceProvider | M | AlarmInformation.serviceProvider | not applicable if related alarm is not a security alarm | +| securityAlarmDetector | M | AlarmInformation.securityAlarmDetector | not applicable if related alarm is not a security alarm | + +#### 6.3.2.4 Pre-condition + +baseObjectExists + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| baseObjectExists | If the parameters baseObjectClass and baseObjectInstance are provided the object identified by them has to exist.
If they are not provided this pre-condition is not applicable. | + +#### 6.3.2.5 Post-condition + +allAlarmInformationReturned. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| allAlarmInformationReturned | All AlarmInformation that satisfy the constraints expressed in input parameters filter and alarmAckState and are present in the AlarmList at the moment of this operation invocation are returned. All AlarmInformation in AlarmList remains unchanged as the result of this operation. | + +#### 6.3.2.6 Exceptions + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operation_failed | Condition: At least one input parameter is invalid or the pre-condition is false or the post-condition is not true.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| filter_complexity_limit | Condition: Operation not performed because the filter parameter was too complex.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +## 6.4 Interface AlarmIRPOperation\_2 (O) + +### 6.4.1 getAlarmCount (M) + +#### 6.4.1.1 Definition + +An IRPManager wishes to know the amount of AlarmInformation kept in the AlarmList. The IRPManager requests the counts via this operation. Possible usage is for IRPManager to find out the number of AlarmInformation in AlarmList before invoking getAlarmList operation. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|---------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| filter | O | N/A |

It carries a filter constraint. The operation shall apply it when counting the AlarmInformation instances in AlarmList.

Case when synchronous mode of operation is used for getAlarmList:
(a) If this parameter is present, the operation shall count the AlarmInformation instances which satisfy both (a) this filter constraint and (b) the condition set by input parameter alarmAckState.
(b) If this parameter is absent, the operation shall count all AlarmInformation instances that satisfy the condition set by input parameter alarmAckState.

Case when asynchronous mode of operation is used for getAlarmList:
(a) If this parameter is present, the operation shall count all AlarmInformation instances that satisfy this filter constraint and the condition set by input parameter alarmAckState.
(b) If this parameter is absent, the operation shall count AlarmInformation instances that satisfy (a) the filter constraint currently active in the notification channel established between the IRPManager and the IRPAgent that is equipped with NotificationIRP capabilities and (b) the condition set by input parameter alarmAckState.

| +| alarmAckState | O | ENUM (all alarms, all active alarms, all active and acknowledged alarms, all active and unacknowledged, all cleared and unacknowledged alarms, all unacknowledged) | It carries a constraint. The operation shall apply it on AlarmInformation instances in AlarmList when counting. | + +#### 6.4.1.3 Output Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| criticalCount, majorCount, minorCount, warningCount, indeterminateCount, clearedCount | M | N/A |

They carry the number of AlarmInformation in AlarmList that has the following properties.

Case when synchronous mode of operation is used:
(a) The operation shall apply the constraints expressed in alarmAckState and filter to AlarmInformation instances when counting.

Case when asynchronous mode of operation is used (i.e. this output parameter is conveyed via notifications):
(a) If the filter parameter is present, the operation shall apply the constraint when counting. Furthermore, if the alarmAckState constraint is present, the operation shall apply that constraint as well. The filter constraint, if any, that is currently active in the notification channel is not used for the counting.

(b) If the filter parameter is absent, the operation shall apply the filter constraint currently active in the notification channel when counting. If the alarmAckState constraint is present, the operation shall apply that constraint as well.

| +| status | M | ENUM
(OperationSucceeded, OperationFailed) |

If allAlarmInformationCounted is true, status = OperationSucceeded.

If operation_failed is true, status = OperationFailed.

| + +#### 6.4.1.4 Pre-condition + +There are no pre-conditions. + +#### 6.4.1.5 Post-condition + +allAlarmInformationCounted. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| allAlarmInformationCounted |

All AlarmInformation that satisfy the constraints expressed in input parameters filter and alarmAckState and are present in the AlarmList at the moment of this operation invocation are counted and the result returned.

All AlarmInformation in AlarmList remains unchanged as the result of this operation.

| + +#### 6.4.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operation_failed | Condition: the pre-condition is false or the post-condition is true.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| filter_complexity_limit | Condition: Operation not performed because the filter parameter is too complex.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +## 6.5 Interface AlarmIRPOperation\_3 (O) + +### 6.5.1 unacknowledgeAlarms (M) + +#### 6.5.1.1 Definition + +IRPManager invokes this operation to remove acknowledgement information kept in one or more AlarmInformation instances. + +#### 6.5.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|-------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmInformationReferenceList | M | List of AlarmInformation.alarmId | It carries one or more identifiers identifying AlarmInformation in AlarmList. | +| ackUserId | M | AlarmInformation.ackUserId | It identifies the user that invokes this operation. | +| ackSystemId | O | AlarmInformation.ackSystemId | It identifies the processing system on which the subject IRPManager runs. | + +#### 6.5.1.3 Output Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| badAlarmInformationReferenceList | M | List of pair of AlarmInformation.alarmId and the failure reason. | If allAlarmsUnacknowledged is true, it contains no information.
If someAlarmUnacknowledged is true, then it contains identifications of AlarmInformation that are
(a) present in input parameter AlarmInformationReferenceList but are absent in the AlarmList; or
(b) present in input parameter AlarmInformationReferenceList and are present in the AlarmList but the Acknowledgement Information (see note below table) has not changed, in contrast to IRPManager's request. | +| status | M | ENUM (OperationSucceeded, OperationFailed, OperationPartiallySucceeded) | If someAlarmUnacknowledged is true, status = OperationPartiallySucceeded.
If allAlarmsUnacknowledged is true, status = OperationSucceeded.
If operation_failed is true, status = OperationFailed. | + +NOTE: Acknowledgement Information is defined as the information contained in AlarmInformation.ackTime, AlarmInformation.ackUserId, AlarmInformation.ackSystemId and AlarmInformation.ackState. + +#### 6.5.1.4 Pre-condition + +atLeastOneValidId AND validUserId&SystemId. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| atLeastOneValidId | The AlarmInformationReferenceList contains at least one identifier that identifies one AlarmInformation in AlarmList and that this identified AlarmInformation shall have its ackState indicating "acknowledged". | +| validUserId&SystemId | The values of ackUserId and ackSystemId attributes of the AlarmInformation must be the same as the ones provided as input parameters. The AlarmInformation is identified by the input parameter AlarmInformationReferenceList. | + +#### 6.5.1.5 Post-condition + +someAlarmUnacknowledged OR allAlarmsUnacknowledged. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| someAlarmUnacknowledged | At least one but not all AlarmInformation identified in input parameter alarmListReferenceList has been unacknowledged. This means that the ackState attribute has been set to "unacknowledged", that ackTime, ackUserId, ackSystemId attributes of this AlarmInformation have been set to containing no information. | +| allAlarmsUnacknowledged | All AlarmInformation identified in input parameter have been unacknowledged. This means that the ackState attribute has been set to "unacknowledged", that ackTime, ackUserId, ackSystemId attributes of this AlarmInformation have been set to contain no information. | + +#### 6.5.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operation_failed | Condition: Pre-condition is false or post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +## 6.6 Interface AlarmIRPOperation\_4 (O) + +### 6.6.1 setComment (M) + +#### 6.6.1.1 Definition + +The IRPManager invokes this operation to record a comment in one or more AlarmInformation instances in AlarmList. + +#### 6.6.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|--------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmInformation ReferenceList | M | List of AlarmInformation.alarmId | It carries one or more identifiers identifying AlarmInformation instances in the AlarmList. | +| commentUserId | M | The Comment.commentUserId where Comment is involved in relation-AlarmInformation-Comment with an AlarmInformation. | | +| commentSystemId | O | The Comment.commentSystemId where Comment is involved in relation-AlarmInformation-Comment with an AlarmInformation. | | +| commentText | M | The comment.commentText where Comment is involved in relation-AlarmInformation-Comment with an AlarmInformation. | | + +#### 6.6.1.3 Output Parameter + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|------------------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| badAlarm Information ReferenceList | M | List of pair of AlarmInformation.alarmId and the failure reason. | If allUpdated is true, it contains no information.
If someUpdated is true, then it contains identifications of AlarmInformation that are not present in AlarmList or that they are present, but AlarmInformation.comments has not changed, in contrast to IRPManager's request. | +| Status | M | ENUM(
Operation succeeded,
Operation failed,
Operation partially failed) | If allUpdated is true, then status = OperationSucceeded.
If someUpdated is true, then status = OperationPartiallyFailed.
If exception operationFailed is raised, then status = OperationFailed. | + +#### 6.6.1.4 Pre-condition + +atLeastOneValidId. + +| Assertion Name | Properties | +|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| atLeastOneValidId | The AlarmInformationReferenceList contains at least one identifier that identifies one AlarmInformation in AlarmList. | + +#### 6.6.1.5 Post-condition + +allUpdated OR someUpdated. + +| Assertion Name | Properties | +|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| allUpdated | The AlarmInformation.comment of all alarms identified by the input parameter AlarmInformationReferenceList has been updated. The input parameter commentText, commentUserId and commentSystemId are added to the AlarmInformation.comment. The time of the operation invocation is captured in the AlarmInformation.comment as well. To make it possible to add the new comment, the IRP Agent may remove one or more old comment previously held by AlarmInformation.comments. | +| someUpdated | The AlarmInformation.comment attribute of at least one but not all alarms identified by the input parameter AlarmInformationReferenceList has been updated. The input parameter commentText, commentUserId and commentSystemId are added to the AlarmInformation.comment. The time of the operation invocation is captured in the AlarmInformation.comment as well. To add a new Comment, it may be necessary to remove one or more old Comment instances being held. The commentTime of the removed Comment instances shall be older than that of the remaining Comment instances. | + +#### 6.6.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Properties | +|------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operation_failed | Condition: the pre-condition is false or the post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +## 6.7 Interface AlarmIRPOperation\_5 (O) + +### 6.7.1 clearAlarms (M) + +#### 6.7.1.1 Definition + +The IRPManager invokes this operation to clear one or more AlarmInformation instances in AlarmList. For example, this operation can be used to support the manual clearing of the ADMC (automatic detection and manual clearing, see also 3GPP TS 32.111-1 [9]) alarms. + +#### 6.7.1.2 Input Parameter + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|--------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmInformation ReferenceList | M | List of AlarmInformation.alarmId | It carries one or more identifiers identifying AlarmInformation instances in the AlarmList. | +| clearUserId | M | AlarmInformation.clearUserId | It identifies the user clearing the alarm. | +| clearSystemId | O | AlarmInformation.clearSystemId | It identifies the processing system on which the subject IRPManager runs. It may be absent implying that IRPManager does not wish this information be known to the IRP Agent. | + +#### 6.7.1.3 Output Parameter + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| badAlarmInformationReferenceList | M | List of pair of AlarmInformation.alarmId and the failure reason. |

If allCleared is true, it contains no information.

If someCleared is true, then it contains identifications of AlarmInformation that are not present in AlarmList or that are present in AlarmList but remain unchanged, in contrast to IRPManager's request.

| +| status | M | ENUM(
OperationSucceeded,
OperationFailed,
OperationPartiallySucceeded) |

If allCleared is true, then status = OperationSucceeded.

If someCleared is true, then status = OperationPartiallySucceeded.

If exception operationFailed is raised, then status = OperationFailed.

| + +#### 6.7.1.4 Pre-condition + +atLeastOneValidId. + +| Assertion Name | Properties | +|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| atLeastOneValidId | The input parameter alarmInformationReferenceList contains at least one identifier that identifies one AlarmInformation in AlarmList. | + +#### 6.7.1.5 Post-condition + +allCleared OR someCleared. + +| Assertion Name | Properties | +|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| allCleared | The AlarmInformation.perceivedSeverity of all instances identified by the input parameter alarmInformationReferenceList are set to 'cleared'. The AlarmInformation.clearUserId and AlarmInformation.clearSystemId of all instances identified are set with values carried by input parameters clearUserId and clearSystemId respectively. | +| someCleared | It has the same properties as allCleared except that it is applicable to one or more but not all instances identified by the input parameter alarmInformationReferenceList. | + +#### 6.7.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Properties | +|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operation_failed |

Condition: the pre-condition is false or the post-condition is false.

Returned Information: The output parameter status.

Exit state: Entry state.

| + +## 6.8 Notification AlarmIRPNotifications\_1 (M) + +## 6.8.0 Introduction + +The present document does not specify methods for IRPManager to detect alarm loss. The use of `alarmId` to detect alarm loss is an arrangement made between `IRPAgent` and `IRPManager`. The use of such arrangement is outside the scope of the present document. For example, `IRPAgent` may use integer sequence (e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...) as `alarmId` instances for its alarms. Based on this knowledge, `IRPManager` can detect alarm loss. This kind of arrangement may not be possible for all SS. + +The present document does not specify how `IRPAgent` can determine if `IRPManager` has received alarms correctly. Not all SSs provide such capability. + +The present document does not specify methods for `IRPManager` and `IRPAgent` to recover alarm loss. The only mechanism recommended to deal with alarm loss is the use of `getAlarmList` operation. The present document does not specify conditions under which `IRPManager` should invoke this operation. + +The filter qualifiers in tables listing input parameters of notifications only refer to applying a filter constraint to that notification. In other words: The filter qualifiers Y(es)/N(o) specify if the input parameter can be used or not when constructing the input parameter `filter` of operations `subscribe` or `changeSubscriptionFilter` defined in 3GPP TS 32.302 [5]. + +### 6.8.1 notifyNewAlarm (M) + +#### 6.8.1.1 Definition + +A new `AlarmInformation` has been added in the `AlarmList`. The subscribed `IRPManager` instances are notified of this fact if the added `AlarmInformation` satisfies the current filter constraint of their subscription. + +There are two tables for Input Parameters. If `alarmType` parameter indicates "Communications Alarm", "Processing Error Alarm", "Environmental Alarm", "Quality Of Service Alarm" or "Equipment Alarm", the first table (see clause 6.8.1.2) shall be applicable for this `notifyNewAlarm`. If `alarmType` parameter indicates "Integrity Violation", "Operational Violation", "Physical Violation", "Security Service or Mechanism Violation" or "Time Domain Violation", the second table (see clause 6.8.1.3) shall be applicable. + +#### 6.8.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectClass | Notification header - see [5]. It shall carry the MonitoredEntity class name. The MonitoredEntity is identified by the relation-AlarmedObject-AlarmInformation of the new AlarmInformation. | +| objectInstance | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectInstance | Notification header - see [5]. It shall carry the DN of the MonitoredEntity. The MonitoredEntity is identified by the relation-AlarmedObject-AlarmInformation of the new AlarmInformation. | +| notificationId | M,N | -- | Notification header - see [5]. | +| eventTime | M,Y | AlarmInformation.alarmRaisedTime | Notification header - see [5]. | +| systemDN | C,Y | -- | Notification header - see [5]. | +| notificationType | M,Y | "notifyNewAlarm". | | +| probableCause | M,Y | AlarmInformation.probableCause | | +| perceivedSeverity | M,Y | AlarmInformation.perceivedSeverity | | +| rootCauseIndicator | O,N | It indicates that this AlarmInformation is the root cause of the events captured by the notifications whose identifiers are in the related CorrelatedNotification instances. | "Yes", "No" | +| alarmType | M,Y | AlarmInformation.eventType | The notification structure defined by this table is applicable if this parameter indicates "Communications Alarm", "Processing Error Alarm", "Environmental Alarm", "Quality Of Service Alarm" or "Equipment Alarm". | +| specificProblem | O,N | AlarmInformation.specificProblem | | +| correlatedNotifications | O,N | The set of CorrelatedNotification related to this AlarmInformation. | | +| backedUpStatus | O,N | AlarmInformation.backedUpStatus | | +| backUpObject | O,N | MonitoredEntity.objectInstance | It carries the DN of the back up object. The object is identified by relation-BackUpObject-AlarmInformation of the new AlarmInformation. | +| trendIndication | O,N | AlarmInformation.trendIndication | | +| thresholdInfo | O,N | AlarmInformation.thresholdInfo | | +| stateChangeDefinition | O,N | AlarmInformation.stateChangeDefinition | | +| monitoredAttributes | O,N | AlarmInformation.monitoredAttributes | | +| proposedRepairActions | O,N | AlarmInformation.proposedRepairActions | | +| additionalText | O,N | AlarmInformation.additionalText | | +| additionalInformation | O,N | AlarmInformation.additionalInformation | | +| alarmId | M,N | AlarmInformation.alarmId | | + +#### 6.8.1.3 Input Parameters for notification related to security alarm + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectClass | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| objectInstance | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectInstance | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationId | M,N | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| eventTime | M,Y | AlarmInformation.alarmRaisedTime | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| systemDN | C,Y | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationType | M,Y | "notifyNewAlarm". | | +| probableCause | M,Y | AlarmInformation.probableCause | | +| perceivedSeverity | M,Y | AlarmInformation.perceivedSeverity | | +| rootCauseIndicator | O,N | It indicates that this AlarmInformation is the root cause of the events captured by the notifications whose identifiers are in the related CorrelatedNotification instances. | "Yes", "No" | +| alarmType | M,Y | AlarmInformation.eventType | The notification structure of this table is applicable if this parameter indicates "Integrity Violation", "Operational Violation", "Physical Violation", "Security Service or Mechanism Violation", "Time Domain Violation". | +| correlatedNotifications | O,N | The set of CorrelatedNotification related to this AlarmInformation. | | +| additionalText | O,N | AlarmInformation.additionalText | | +| additionalInformation | O,N | AlarmInformation.additionalInformation | | +| serviceUser | M,N | AlarmInformation.serviceUser | This may contain no information if the identify of the service-user (requesting the service) is not known. | +| serviceProvider | M,N | AlarmInformation.serviceProvider | This shall always identify the service-provider receiving a service request, from serviceUser, that provokes the security alarm. | +| securityAlarmDetector | M,N | AlarmInformation.securityAlarmDetector | This may contain no information if the detector of the security alarm is the serviceProvider. | +| alarmId | M,N | AlarmInformation.alarmId | | + +#### 6.8.1.4 Triggering Event + +##### 6.8.1.4.1 From-state + +noMatchedAlarm. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| noMatchedAlarm | AlarmList does not contain an AlarmInformation that has the following properties:
Its matching-criteria-attributes values are identical to that of the newly generated network alarm and it is involved in relation-AlarmObject-AlarmInformation with the same MonitoredEntity as the one identified by the newly generated network alarm. | + +##### 6.8.1.4.2 To-state + +``` +newAlarmInAlarmList. +``` + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| newAlarmInAlarmList |

AlarmList contains an AlarmInformation holding information conveyed by the newly generated network alarm. This AlarmInformation is involved in relation-AlarmObject-AlarmInformation with the same MonitoredEntity as the one identified by the newly generated network alarm.

The following attributes of the AlarmInformation shall be populated with information in the newly generated alarm.
alarmId, notificationId, alarmRaisedTime, eventType, probableCause, perceivedSeverity.

The following attributes of the same AlarmInformation shall be populated with information in the newly generated alarm if the information is present (in the newly generated alarm) and if the attribute is supported:
specificProblem, backedUpStatus, trendIndication, thresholdInfo, stateChangeDefinition, monitoredAttributes, proposedRepairActions, additionalText, additionalInformation.

| + +### 6.8.2 notifyAckStateChanged (M) + +#### 6.8.2.1 Definition + +The subscribed IRPManager instances are notified regarding changes in alarm Acknowledgement State. The AlarmInformation carried in the notification shall satisfy the current filter constraint of the subscription. + +The notification shall contain all parameters that are filterable and are present in the original (related) notifyNewAlarm notification. + +The IRPManager and the EM can acknowledge and unacknowledge alarms as defined by 3GPP TS 32.111-1 [9]. Specifically, the AlarmIRP itself can acknowledge alarms. + +The capability that IRPAgent itself acknowledges alarms is optional. The trigger, of such capability, is vendor defined. For example, it runs once a day, once every 4 hours, or always. The algorithm for determining which cleared alarm should be acknowledged is vendor specific. For example: acknowledge alarm records that have been cleared more than 24 hours or acknowledge alarm records whose highest perceived severity level has been MINOR. When acknowledged, the alarm ackState changes and the AlarmIRP shall emit the corresponding notifyAckStateChanged. + +#### 6.8.2.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|--------------------|-----------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectClass | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| objectInstance | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectInstance | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationId | M,N | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| eventTime | M,Y | AlarmInformation.ackTime | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| systemDN | C,Y | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationType | M,Y | "notifyAckStateChanged" | | +| probableCause | M,Y | AlarmInformation.probableCause | | +| perceived Severity | M,Y | AlarmInformation.perceivedSeverity | | +| alarmType | M,Y | AlarmInformation.eventType | | +| alarmId | M,N | AlarmInformation.alarmId | | +| ackState | M,N | AlarmInformation.ackState | | +| ackUserId | M,N | AlarmInformation.ackUserId | If this AlarmInformation has been acknowledged by a human operator, than this parameter contains the operator identifier. If it has been acknowledged by a System (EM or NM), than this parameter contains the identifier of the System. | +| ackSystemId | O,N | AlarmInformation.ackSystemId | This parameter always contains the identifier of the System (EM or NM) where the acknowledgement request was originated. | + +#### 6.8.2.3 Triggering Event + +##### 6.8.2.3.1 From-state + +ackedByIRPManager OR ackedByIRPAgent AND alarmInformationExists. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ackedByIRPManager | Reception of a acknowledgeAlarms operation and a subsequent operation success return. | +| ackedByIRPAgent | Reception of a local (non-standard) acknowledgeAlarms equivalent operation and a subsequent operation success return. | +| alarmInformationExists | The AlarmInformation exists in AlarmList. | + +##### 6.8.2.3.2 To-state + +alarmAckStateHasChanged. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmAckStateHasChanged | The AlarmInformation.ackState of the AlarmInformation identified by from-state assertion alarmInformationExists have been updated. Specifically, the following attributes of the subject AlarmInformation are updated:
-- notificationId, ackTime, ackUserId, ackState, ackSystemId. | + +### 6.8.3 notifyClearedAlarm (M) + +#### 6.8.3.1 Definition + +IRP Agent notifies the subscribed IRP Manager of alarm clearing if the subject AlarmInformation satisfies the optional filter constraint expressed in the subscribe operation. + +The notification shall contain all parameters that are filterable and are present in the original (related) notifyNewAlarm notification. + +#### 6.8.3.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|--------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectClass | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| objectInstance | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectInstance | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationId | M,Y | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| eventTime | M,Y | AlarmInformation.alarmClearedTime | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| systemDN | C,Y | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationType | M,Y | "notifyClearedAlarm" | | +| probableCause | M,Y | AlarmInformation.probableCause | | +| perceivedSeverity | M,Y | AlarmInformation.perceivedSeverity | Its value shall indicate Cleared. | +| alarmType | M,Y | AlarmInformation.eventType | | +| correlated Notifications | O,N | The set of CorrelatedNotification related to this AlarmInformation. | It contains references to other AlarmInformation instances whose perceivedSeverity levels are Cleared as well. In this way, perceivedSeverity level of multiple AlarmInformation instances can be Cleared by one notification. | +| clearUserId | O,N | AlarmInformation.clearUserId | It is present if the AlarmInformation is cleared by the IRP Manager using clearAlarms. | +| clearSystemId | O,N | AlarmInformation.clearSystemId | It is present if clearUserId is present and if AlarmInformation.clearSystemId contains information. | +| alarmId | M,N | AlarmInformation.alarmId | | + +#### 6.8.3.3 Triggering Event + +##### 6.8.3.3.1 From-state + +alarmMatchedAndCleared OR clearedByIRPManager. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmMatchedAndCleared | The matching-criteria-attributes of the newly generated network alarm have values that are identical (matched) with ones in one AlarmInformation in AlarmList and the perceivedSeverity of the matched AlarmInformation is not Cleared
AND
The perceivedSeverity of the newly generated network alarm is cleared. | +| clearedByIRPManager | Reception of a valid clearAlarms operation that identifies the subject AlarmInformation instances. This triggering event shall occur regardless of the perceivedSeverity state of the identified AlarmInformation instances. | + +##### 6.8.3.3.2 To-state + +alarmInformationCleared\_1 OR alarmInformationCleared\_2. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmInformationCleared_1 | Case if From-state is alarmMatchedAndCleared:
The following attributes of the subject AlarmInformation are updated:
notificationId, perceivedSeverity (updated to Cleared), alarmClearedTime. | +| alarmInformationCleared_2 | Case if From-state is clearedByIRPManager:
The following attributes of the subject AlarmInformation are updated:
notificationId, perceivedSeverity (updated to Cleared), alarmClearedTime, alarmClearedUserId, alarmClearedSystemId. | + +### 6.8.4 notifyAlarmListRebuilt (M) + +#### 6.8.4.1 Definition + +The IRPAgent or its related AlarmIRP maintains an AlarmList. They can lose confidence in the integrity of its AlarmList. Under this condition, IRPAgent or its related AlarmIRP shall invoke notifyAlarmListRebuilt notification after the AlarmList has been rebuilt. + +The AlarmIRP can also invoke notifyAlarmListRebuilt notification indicating that part of the AlarmList has been rebuilt. In this case, the notification carries the class instance indicating that the AlarmList only have been rebuilt for alarms concerning this class instance and its subordinate class instances. Furthermore, this notification indicates that there is no rebuilt going on for superior class instances of this class instance. + +#### 6.8.4.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-------------------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M,Y | It identifies
a) the class of the instance identified by systemDN or
b) the class of MonitoredEntity. | Notification header - see [5].

If it identifies the class of the instance identified in systemDN, then all AlarmInformation instances in the AlarmList may have been rebuilt.

If it identifies the class of MonitoredEntity, then some or all AlarmInformation instances in the AlarmList may have been rebuilt. See next parameter for the identification of the set of AlarmInformation that have been rebuilt. | +| objectInstance | M,Y | It identifies
a) the instance identified by systemDN or
b) an instance of MonitoredEntity. | Notification header - see [5].

If it identifies the instance identified by systemDN, then all AlarmInformation instances in the AlarmList may have been rebuilt.

If it identifies an instance of MonitoredEntity, then the AlarmList only have been rebuilt for AlarmInformation of this instance and AlarmInformation of its subordinate instances. | +| notificationId | M,N | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| eventTime | M,Y | -- | Notification header - see [5]. It carries the time when the AlarmList is rebuilt. | +| systemDN | C,Y | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationType | M,Y | "notifyAlarmListRebuilt". | | +| reason | M,N | "Agent-NE communication error",
"Agent restarts", "indeterminate".
Other values can be added. | It carries the reason why the IRP Agent has rebuilt the AlarmList. This may carry different reasons than that carried by the immediate previous notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList. | +| alarmListAlignmentRequirement | O(note),N | ENUM (alignmentRequired, alignmentNotRequired) | It carries an enumeration of "alignmentRequired" and "alignmentNotRequired".
IRP Agent uses alignmentRequired to indicate that IRP Agent current AL is not identical to the one that could have been built using (a) IRP Agent AL information at the time it emits the immediate previous notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList() and (b) the notifications (carrying alarm information) emitted after the previously identified notification and before the subject notification.
Otherwise, the IRP Agent uses alignmentNotRequired.
When this parameter is absent, it implies alignmentRequired. | + +NOTE: If IRP Agent supports notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList() notification, it shall support this parameter. If IRP Agent does not support notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList() notification, it shall not support this parameter. + +#### 6.8.4.3 Triggering Event + +##### 6.8.4.3.1 From-state + +alarmListRebuilt\_0 OR alarmListRebuilt\_1. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmListRebuilt_0 | IRPAGENT has cold-started, initialized, re-initialized or rebooted and it has initiated procedure to rebuild its AlarmList. | +| alarmListRebuilt_1 | IRPAGENT loses confidence in part or whole of its AlarmList. IRPAGENT has initiated procedure to repair its AlarmList. | + +##### 6.8.4.3.2 To-state + +alarmListRebuilt\_2. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|--------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| alarmListRebuilt_2 | IRPAGENT rebuilt the whole or part of AlarmList. | + +## 6.9 Notification AlarmIRPNotification\_2 (O) + +### 6.9.1 notifyChangedAlarm (M) + +#### 6.9.1.1 Definition + +The subscribed IRPManager instances are notified regarding changes in AlarmInformation in AlarmList. This notification is only triggered by a change in perceivedSeverity attribute value (except to the value "Cleared"). The AlarmInformation carried in the notification shall satisfy the current filter constraint of the subscription. + +The notification shall contain all parameters that are filterable and are present in the original (related) notifyNewAlarm notification. + +#### 6.9.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-------------------|-----------|------------------------------------|--------------------| +| objectClass | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectClass | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| objectInstance | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectInstance | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationId | M,N | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| eventTime | M,Y | AlarmInformation.alarmChangedTime | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| systemDN | C,Y | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationType | M,Y | "notifyChangedAlarm" | | +| probableCause | M,Y | AlarmInformation.probableCause | | +| perceivedSeverity | M,Y | AlarmInformation.perceivedSeverity | | +| alarmType | M,Y | AlarmInformation.eventType | | +| alarmId | M,N | AlarmInformation.alarmId | | + +#### 6.9.1.3 Triggering Event + +##### 6.9.1.3.1 From-state + +alarmMatched AND alarmNotCleared AND alarmChanged. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmMatched | The matching-criteria-attributes of the newly generated network alarm has values that are identical (matches) with ones in one AlarmInformation in AlarmList. | +| alarmNotCleared | The perceivedSeverity of the newly generated network alarm is not Cleared. | +| alarmChanged | The perceivedSeverity of the newly generated network alarm and of the matched AlarmInformation are different. | + +##### 6.9.1.3.2 To-state + +informationUpdate. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| informationUpdate |
  • The AlarmInformation identified in alarmMatched in from-state has been updated according to the following rules: perceivedSeverity is updated;
  • notificationId is updated;
  • alarmChangedTime is updated;
  • ackTime, ackUserId and ackSystemId are updated to contain no information;
  • ackState is updated to "unacknowledged";
| + +## 6.10 Notification AlarmIRPNotification\_3 (O) + +### 6.10.1 notifyComments (M) + +#### 6.10.1.1 Definition + +The subscribed IRPManager instances are notified regarding the addition of a Comment instance to an AlarmInformation instance in the AlarmList. The AlarmInformation carried in the notification shall satisfy the current filter constraint of the subscription. + +The notification shall contain all parameters that are filterable and are present in the original (related) notifyNewAlarm notification. + +The IRPManager and the IRPAgent can add comments to instances of AlarmInformation as described in 3GPP TS 32.111-1 [9]. + +IRPAgent shall support this notification if it supports the operation setComment. + +#### 6.10.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-----------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectClass | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| objectInstance | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectInstance | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationId | M,N | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| eventTime | M,Y | Comment.commentTime | Notification header - see [5]. It carries the time when the last Comment is added. | +| systemDN | C,Y | -- | Notification header - see [5]. | +| notificationType | M,Y | "notifyComments" | | +| alarmType | M,Y | AlarmInformation.eventType | | +| probableCause | M,Y | AlarmInformation.probableCause | | +| perceived
Severity | M,Y | AlarmInformation.perceivedSeverity | | +| comments | M,N | The set of Comment instances involved in a relationship with this AlarmInformation. | | +| alarmId | M,N | AlarmInformation.alarmId | | + +#### 6.10.1.3 Triggering Events + +##### 6.10.1.3.1 From-state + +commentedByIRPManager OR commentedByIRPAgent AND alarmInformationExists. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| commentedByIRPManager | Reception of a setComment operation and a subsequent operation success return. | +| commentedByIRPAgent | Reception of a local (non-standard) setComment equivalent operation and a subsequent operation success return. | +| alarmInformationExists | The AlarmInformation is in AlarmList. | + +##### 6.10.1.3.2 To-state + +commentInserted. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| commentInserted | One Comment has been created and it is involved in a relationship with the AlarmInformation identified by from-state assertion alarmInformationExists. The following attributes of the newly created Comment instance shall be populated:

commentTime, commentText, commentUserId and commentSystemId. | + +## 6.11 Notification AlarmIRPNotification\_4 (O) + +### 6.11.1 notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList (M) + +#### 6.11.1.1 Definition + +The IRPAgent or its related AlarmIRP maintains an AlarmList. They can lose confidence in the integrity of its AlarmList. Under this condition, IRPAgent or its related AlarmIRP or the related AlarmList shall invoke notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList. They then can begin to rebuild the faulty AlarmList, if found necessary. After the successful rebuilt or the discovery that rebuilt is not necessary, they shall invoke notifyAlarmListRebuilt notification. + +This notification can identify a set of AlarmInformation that is potentially faulty or unreliable. This identification is done in the following way. If the MOI of an AlarmInformation is the same or is a subordinate to the MOI carried in the notification, then the AlarmInformation may be faulty or unreliable. + +This notification can identify all the AlarmInformation instances of the AlarmList that are potentially faulty or unreliable. In this case, the notification shall carry a MOI identifying the IRPAgent. + +The IRPManager behaviour, on reception of this notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList notification, is not specified. The IRPManager behaviour is considered not essential for the specification of the interface itself. However, the following are recommended actions the IRPManager should take, in case it receives this notification. + +- 1) The IRPManager should not perform any task requiring the integrity of the AlarmInformation identified as faulty or unreliable by the subject notification. +- 2) The IRPManager should not invoke operations that require integrity of the AlarmList such as getAlarmList., acknowledgeAlarms operations. + +#### 6.11.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M,Y | It identifies
a) the class of the instance identified by systemDN or
b) the class of MonitoredEntity. | Notification header - see [5].

If it identifies the class of the instance identified in systemDN, then all AlarmInformation instances in the AlarmList may not be reliable.

If it identifies the class of MonitoredEntity, then some or all AlarmInformation instances in the AlarmList may not be reliable. See next parameter for the identification of the set of AlarmInformation that may not be reliable. | +| objectInstance | M,Y | It identifies
a) the instance identified by systemDN or
b) an instance of MonitoredEntity. | Notification header - see [5].

If it identifies the instance identified by systemDN, then all AlarmInformation instances in the AlarmList may not be reliable.

If it identifies an instance of MonitoredEntity, then AlarmInformation of this instance and AlarmInformation of its subordinate instances may not be reliable. | +| notificationId | M,N | -- | Notification header - see [5]. | +| eventTime | M,Y | -- | Notification header - see [5]. It carries the time when the objectInstance has lost confidence of its AlarmList content. | +| systemDN | C,Y | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationType | M,Y | "notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList". | | +| reason | M,N | "Agent-NE communication error",
"Agent restarts", "indeterminate".
Other values can be added. | It carries the reason why the IRPAgent has to rebuild its AlarmList. | + +#### 6.11.1.3 Triggering Event + +##### 6.11.1.3.1 From-state + +faultyAlarmListDetected. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| faultyAlarmListDetected | IRPAgent detects faults in part or whole of its AlarmList. | + +##### 6.11.1.3.2 To-state + +faultyAlarmList + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------| +| faultyAlarmList | IRP Agent initiates the AlarmList rebuild process. | + +## 6.12 Notification AlarmIRPNotification\_5 (O) + +### 6.12.1 notifyCorrelatedNotificationChanged (M) + +#### 6.12.1.1 Definition + +The set of SupportIOC CorrelatedNotification instances has been created, updated or removed. The subscribed IRPManager instances are notified of this fact if the changes satisfy the current filter constraint of their subscription. + +#### 6.12.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectClass | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| objectInstance | M,Y | MonitoredEntity.objectInstance | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| notificationId | M,N | -- | See Table 6.8.1.2. | +| eventTime | M,Y | -- | Notification header - see [5]. It carries the time when the CorrelatedNotification is added. | +| systemDN | C,Y | -- | Notification header - see [5]. | +| notificationType | M,Y | "notifyCorrelatedNotificationChanged" | | +| correlatedNotifications | M,N | The set of CorrelatedNotification related to this AlarmInformation. | | +| alarmId | M,N | AlarmInformation.alarmId | | +| rootCauseIndicator | O,N | AlarmInformation.rootCauseIndicator | | + +#### 6.12.1.3 Triggering Events + +##### 6.12.1.3.1 From-state + +newAlarmCorrelationInfoIsAvailable AND alarmInformationExists. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| newAlarmCorrelationInfoIsAvailable | New alarm correlation information is available but not yet conveyed to any IRPManager. | +| alarmInformationExists | The AlarmInformation is in AlarmList. | + +##### 6.12.1.3.2 To-state + +alarmCorrelatedInfoUpdated. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| alarmCorrelatedInfoUpdated | The set of SupportOC CorrelatedNotification instances has been created, updated or removed. | + +# Annex A (normative): Event Types + +This annex lists and explains event types used by the present document. + +The table below lists the event types referred to in the present document. + +Notification IRP: Information Service in 3GPP TS 32.302 [5] defines a parameter called `notificationType` that shall be present in all notification. The present document defines a parameter called `alarmType` that shall be present in all notifications carrying alarm information. Examples of the `notificationType` are "notification of new alarm", "notification of AlarmList rebuilt", "notification of alarm cleared", etc. Examples of the `alarmType` are the event types defined in table below. + +The present document also defines an attribute of `AlarmInformation` called `eventType`. The mapping of this `eventType` (internal attribute and not visible to `IRPManager`) to `notificationType` or `alarmType` (both visible to `IRPManager`) is defined in relevant sections of the present document. The choice of using "eventType" is to keep the list of attributes of `AlarmList` unchanged (compared to Release 99). One can replace this `eventType` with two attributes, called `notificationType` and `alarmType` so that mapping of these two attributes to the externally visible parameters of the same name will be straight-forward. + +It is noted that the mapping of the IS `notificationType` and `alarmType` to CORBA `event_name` or other fields are specified in the respective Solution Set. + +**Table A.1: Event Types** + +| Event Types | Explanation | +|-----------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Communications Alarm | An alarm of this type is associated with the procedure and/or process required conveying information from one point to another (ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2]). | +| Processing Error Alarm | An alarm of this type is associated with a software or processing fault (ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2]). | +| Environmental Alarm | An alarm of this type is associated with a condition related to an enclosure in which the equipment resides (ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2]). | +| Quality of Service Alarm | An alarm of this type is associated with degradation in the quality of a service (ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2]). | +| Equipment Alarm | An alarm of this type is associated with an equipment fault (ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2]). | +| Integrity Violation | An indication that information may have been illegally modified, inserted or deleted. | +| Operational Violation | An indication that the provision of the requested service was not possible due to the unavailability, malfunction or incorrect invocation of the service. | +| Physical Violation | An indication that a physical resource has been violated in a way that suggests a security attack. | +| Security Service or Mechanism Violation | An indication that a security attack has been detected by a security service or mechanism. | +| Time Domain Violation | An indication that an event has occurred at an unexpected or prohibited time. | + +# --- Annex B (normative): Probable causes + +This annex lists probable causes and their corresponding event types. + +Sources of these probable causes are ITU-T Recommendation M.3100 [11], ITU-T Recommendation X.721 [3], ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [2], and ITU-T Recommendation X.736 [15]. In addition, probable causes for wireless systems are listed in ETSI TS 101 251 V6.3.0 (1999-07) [17]. + +**Table B.1: Probable Causes from ITU-T Recommendation M.3100 [11]** + +| M.3100 Probable cause | Event type | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------| +| Indeterminate | Unknown | +| Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) | Communications | +| Broadcast Channel Failure | Communications | +| Call Setup Failure | Communications | +| Communications Receive Failure | Communications | +| Communications Transmit Failure | Communications | +| Connection Establishment Error | Communications | +| Degraded Signal | Communications | +| Demodulation Failure | Communications | +| Far End Receiver Failure (FERF) | Communications | +| Framing Error | Communications | +| Invalid Message Received | Communications | +| Local Node Transmission Error | Communications | +| Loss Of Frame (LOF) | Communications | +| Loss Of Pointer (LOP) | Communications | +| Loss Of Signal (LOS) | Communications | +| Modulation Failure | Communications | +| Payload Type Mismatch | Communications | +| Transmission Error | Communications | +| Remote Alarm Interface | Communications | +| Remote Node Transmission Error | Communications | +| Routing Failure | Communications | +| Excessive Bit Error Rate (EBER) | Communications | +| Path Trace Mismatch | Communications | +| Unavailable | Communications | +| Signal Label Mismatch | Communications | +| Loss Of Multi Frame | Communications | +| Antenna Failure | Equipment | +| Back Plane Failure | Equipment | +| Battery Charging Failure | Equipment | +| Data Set Problem | Equipment | +| Disk Failure | Equipment | +| Equipment Identifier Duplication | Equipment | +| External IF Device Problem | Equipment | +| Frequency Hopping Failure | Equipment | +| IO Device Error | Equipment | +| Line Card Problem | Equipment | +| Loss Of Redundancy | Equipment | +| Loss Of Synchronization | Equipment | +| Multiplexer Problem | Equipment | +| NE Identifier Duplication | Equipment | +| Power Problem | Equipment | +| Power Supply Failure | Equipment | +| Processor Problem | Equipment | +| Protection Path Failure | Equipment | +| Protecting Resource Failure | Equipment | +| Protection Mechanism Failure | Equipment | +| Real Time Clock Failure | Equipment | +| Receiver Failure | Equipment | +| Replaceable Unit Missing | Equipment | +| Replaceable Unit Type Mismatch | Equipment | +| Signal Quality Evaluation Failure | Equipment | +| Synchronization Source Mismatch | Equipment | +| Terminal Problem | Equipment | +| Timing Problem | Equipment | +| Transceiver Failure | Equipment | +| Transmitter Failure | Equipment | +| Trunk Card Problem | Equipment | +| Replaceable Unit Problem | Equipment | +| Air Compressor Failure | Environmental | +| Air Conditioning Failure | Environmental | +| Air Dryer Failure | Environmental | +| Battery Discharging | Environmental | +| Battery Failure | Environmental | + +| M.3100 Probable cause | Event type | +|--------------------------------------|--------------------| +| Commercial Power Failure | Environmental | +| Cooling Fan Failure | Environmental | +| Cooling System Failure | Environmental | +| Engine Failure | Environmental | +| Fire Detector Failure | Environmental | +| Fuse Failure | Environmental | +| Generator Failure | Environmental | +| Low Battery Threshold | Environmental | +| Pump Failure | Environmental | +| Rectifier Failure | Environmental | +| Rectifier High Voltage | Environmental | +| Rectifier Low F Voltage | Environmental | +| Ventilation System Failure | Environmental | +| Enclosure Door Open | Environmental | +| Explosive Gas | Environmental | +| External Equipment Failure | Environmental | +| External Point Failure | Environmental | +| Fire | Environmental | +| Flood | Environmental | +| High Humidity | Environmental | +| High Temperature | Environmental | +| High Wind | Environmental | +| Ice Build Up | Environmental | +| Intrusion Detection | Environmental | +| Low Fuel | Environmental | +| Low Humidity | Environmental | +| Low Cable Pressure | Environmental | +| Low Temperature | Environmental | +| Low Water | Environmental | +| Smoke | Environmental | +| Toxic Gas | Environmental | +| Application Subsystem Failure | Processing Error | +| Configuration Or Customisation Error | Processing Error | +| Database Inconsistency | Processing Error | +| File Error | Processing Error | +| Storage Capacity Problem | Processing Error | +| Memory Mismatch | Processing Error | +| Corrupt Data | Processing Error | +| Loss of Real Time | Processing Error | +| Out Of CPU Cycles | Processing Error | +| Out Of Memory | Processing Error | +| Reinitialized | Processing Error | +| Software Environment Problem | Processing Error | +| Software Error | Processing Error | +| Software Download Failure | Processing Error | +| Timeout Expired | Processing Error | +| Underlaying Resources Unavailable | Processing Error | +| Version Mismatch | Processing Error | +| Bandwidth Reduced | Quality of service | +| Congestion | Quality of service | +| Excessive Error Rate | Quality of service | +| Excessive Response Time | Quality of service | +| Excessive Retransmission Rate | Quality of service | +| Reduced Logging Capability | Quality of service | +| System Resources Overload | Quality of service | + +**Table B.2: Probable Causes from ITU-T Recommendation X.721 [3], X.733 [2], X.736 [15]** + +| X.721/X.733/X.736 Probable Cause | Event type | +|--------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| Adapter Error | Equipment | +| Application Subsystem Failure | Processing error | +| Authentication Failure | Security Service or Mechanism Violation | +| Bandwidth Reduction | Quality of service | +| Breach of Confidentiality | Security Service or Mechanism Violation | +| Cable Tamper | Physical Violation | +| Call Establishment Error | Communications | +| Communication Protocol Error | Communications | +| Communication Subsystem Failure | Communications | +| Configuration or Customizing Error | Processing error | +| Congestion | Quality of service | +| Corrupt Data | Processing error | +| CPU Cycles Limit Exceeded | Processing error | +| Data Set or Modem Error | Equipment | +| Degraded Signal | Communications | +| Delayed Information | Time Domain Violation | +| Denial of Service | Operational Violation | +| DTE-DCE Interface Error | Communications | +| Duplicate Information | Integrity Violation | +| Enclosure Door Open | Environmental | +| Equipment Malfunction | Equipment | +| Excessive Vibration | Environmental | +| File Error | Processing error | +| Fire Detected | Environmental | +| Flood Detected | Environmental | +| Framing Error | Communications | +| Heating or Ventilation or Cooling System Problem | Environmental | +| Humidity Unacceptable | Environmental | +| Information Missing | Integrity Violation | +| Information Modification detected | Integrity Violation | +| Information out of Sequence | Integrity Violation | +| Input/Output Device Error | Equipment | +| Input Device Error | Equipment | +| Intrusion Detection | Physical Violation | +| Key Expired | Time Domain Violation | +| LAN Error | Communications | +| Leak Detection | Environmental | +| Local Node Transmission Error | Communications | +| Loss of Frame | Communications | +| Loss of Signal | Communications | +| Material Supply Exhausted | Environmental | +| Multiplexer Problem | Equipment | +| Non-Repudiation Failure | Security Service or Mechanism Violation | +| Out of Hours Activity | Time Domain Violation | +| Out of Memory | Processing error | +| Out of Service | Operational Violation | +| Output Device Error | Equipment | +| Performance Degraded | Quality of service | +| Power Problem | Equipment | +| Pressure Unacceptable | Environmental | +| Procedural Error | Operational Violation | +| Processor Problem | Equipment | +| Pump Failure | Environmental | +| Queue Size Exceeded | Quality of service | +| Receive Failure | Equipment | +| Receiver Failure | Equipment | +| Remote Node Transmission Error | Communications | +| Resource at or Nearing Capacity | Quality of service | +| Response Time Excessive | Quality of service | +| Re-transmission Rate Excessive | Quality of service | +| Software Error | Processing error | +| Software Program Abnormally Terminated | Processing error | +| Software Program Error | Processing error | +| Storage Capacity Problem | Processing error | + +| X.721/X.733/X.736 Probable Cause | Event type | +|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| Temperature Unacceptable | Environmental | +| Threshold Crossed | Quality of service | +| Timing Problem | Equipment | +| Toxic Leak Detected | Environmental | +| Transmit Failure | Equipment | +| Transmitter Failure | Equipment | +| Unauthorised Access Attempt | Security Service or Mechanism Violation | +| Underlying Resource Unavailable | Processing error | +| Unexpected Information | Integrity Violation | +| Unspecified Reason | Operational Violation | +| Unspecified Reason | Physical Violation | +| Unspecified Reason | Security Service or Mechanism Violation | +| Version Mismatch | Processing error | + +**Table B.3: Probable Causes for Wireless Systems from ETSI TS 101 251 V6.3.0 (1999-07) [17]** + +| Wireless Systems | Event Type | +|-----------------------------------------|--------------------| +| A-bis to BTS interface failure | Equipment | +| A-bis to TRX interface failure | Equipment | +| Antenna problem | Equipment | +| Battery breakdown | Equipment | +| Battery charging fault | Equipment | +| Clock synchronization problem | Equipment | +| Combiner problem | Equipment | +| Disk problem | Equipment | +| Equipment failure | Equipment | +| Excessive receiver temperature | Equipment | +| Excessive transmitter output power | Equipment | +| Excessive transmitter temperature | Equipment | +| Frequency hopping degraded | Equipment | +| Frequency hopping failure | Equipment | +| Frequency redefinition failed | Equipment | +| Line interface failure | Equipment | +| Link failure | Equipment | +| Loss of synchronization | Equipment | +| Lost redundancy | Equipment | +| Mains breakdown with battery back-up | Equipment | +| Mains breakdown without battery back-up | Equipment | +| Power supply failure | Equipment | +| Receiver antenna fault | Equipment | +| Receiver Failure | Equipment | +| Receiver multicoupler failure | Equipment | +| Reduced transmitter output power | Equipment | +| Signal quality evaluation fault | Equipment | +| Timeslot hardware failure | Equipment | +| Transceiver problem | Equipment | +| Transcoder problem | Equipment | +| Transcoder or rate adapter problem | Equipment | +| Transmitter antenna failure | Equipment | +| Transmitter antenna not adjusted | Equipment | +| Transmitter failure | Equipment | +| Transmitter low voltage or current | Equipment | +| Transmitter off frequency | Equipment | +| Database inconsistency | Processing error | +| File system call unsuccessful | Processing error | +| Input parameter out of range | Processing error | +| Invalid parameter | Processing error | +| Invalid pointer | Processing error | +| Message not expected | Processing error | +| Message not initialized | Processing error | +| Message out of sequence | Processing error | +| System call unsuccessful | Processing error | +| Timeout expired | Processing error | +| Variable out of range | Processing error | +| Watch dog timer expired | Processing error | +| Cooling system failure | Environmental | +| External equipment failure | Environmental | +| External power supply failure | Environmental | +| External transmission device failure | Environmental | +| Fan failure | Environmental | +| High humidity | Environmental | +| High temperature | Environmental | +| Intrusion detected | Environmental | +| Low humidity | Environmental | +| Low temperature | Environmental | +| Smoke detected | Environmental | +| Excessive Error Rate | Quality of service | +| Reduced alarm reporting | Quality of service | +| Reduced event reporting | Quality of service | +| Reduced logging capability | Quality of service | +| System resources overload | Quality of service | + +| Wireless Systems | Event Type | +|--------------------------------|-------------------| +| Broadcast channel failure | Communications | +| Connection establishment error | Communications | +| Invalid message received | Communications | +| Invalid MSU received | Communications | +| LAPD link protocol failure | Communications | +| Local alarm indication | Communications | +| Remote alarm indication | Communications | +| Routing failure | Communications | +| SS7 protocol failure | Communications | +| Transmission error | Communications | + +Table B.4 identifies probable causes that are defined by more than one standard. This is for information only. + +**Table B.4: Duplicated Probable Causes** + +| Duplicated Probable Cause | 32.111-2 | X.721 X.733 | X.736 | M.3100 | Event Type | +|-----------------------------------------------------|----------|-------------|-------|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Broadcast Channel Failure | X | | | X | Communications | +| Call Establishment Error (X.721/X.733) | | X | | X | Communications | +| Call Setup Failure (M.3100) | | | | | | +| Connection Establishment Error | X | | | X | Communications | +| Degraded Signal | | X | | X | Communications | +| Framing Error | | X | | X | Communications | +| Invalid Message Received | X | | | X | Communications | +| Local Node Transmission Error | | X | | X | Communications | +| Loss of Frame | | X | | X | Communications | +| Loss of Signal | | X | | X | Communications | +| Remote Node Transmission Error | | X | | X | Communications | +| Routing Failure | X | | | X | Communications | +| Antenna Failure (M.3100) | X | | | X | Equipment | +| Antenna Problem (32.111-2) | | | | | | +| Battery Charging Failure (M.3100) | X | | | X | Equipment | +| Battery Charging Fault (32.111-2) | | | | | | +| Disk Failure (M.3100) | X | | | X | Equipment | +| Disk Problem (32.111-2) | | | | | | +| Equipment Failure (32.111-2) | X | X | | | Equipment | +| Equipment Malfunction (X.721/X.733) | | | | | | +| Frequency Hopping Failure | X | | | X | Equipment | +| IO Device Error (M.3100) | | X | | X | Equipment | +| Input/Output Device Error (X.721/X.733) | | | | | | +| Loss Of Redundancy (M.3100) | X | | | X | Equipment | +| Lost Redundancy (32.111-2) | | | | | | +| Loss Of Synchronization | X | | | X | Equipment | +| Multiplexer Problem | | X | | X | Equipment | +| Power Problem | | X | | X | Equipment | +| Power Supply Failure | X | | | X | Equipment | +| Processor Problem | | X | | X | Equipment | +| Receiver Failure | X | X | | X | Equipment | +| Signal Quality Evaluation Failure (M.3100) | X | | | X | Equipment | +| Signal Quality Evaluation Fault (32.111-2) | | | | | | +| Timing Problem | | X | | X | Equipment | +| Transceiver Failure (M.3100) | X | | | X | Equipment | +| Transceiver Problem (32.111-2) | | | | | | +| Transmitter Failure | X | X | | X | Equipment | +| Cooling System Failure | X | | | X | Environmental | +| External Equipment Failure | X | | | X | Environmental | +| Enclosure Door Open | | X | | X | Environmental | +| Fan Failure (32.111-2) | X | | | X | Environmental | +| Cooling Fan Failure (M.3100) | | | | | | +| Fire Detected (X.721/X.733) | | X | | X | Environmental | +| Fire (M.3100) | | | | | | +| Flood Detected (X.721/X.733) | | X | | X | Environmental | +| Flood (M.3100) | | | | | | +| High Humidity | X | | | X | Environmental | +| High Temperature | X | | | X | Environmental | +| Intrusion Detected (32.111-2) | X | | X | X | Environmental (32.111-2);
Physical Violation
(X.736/M.3100) | +| Intrusion Detection (X.736/M.3100) | | | | | | +| Low Humidity | X | | | X | Environmental | +| Low Temperature | X | | | X | Environmental | +| Pump Failure | | X | | X | Environmental | +| Smoke Detected (32.111-2) | X | | | X | Environmental | +| Smoke (M.3100) | | | | | | +| Application Subsystem Failure | | X | | X | Processing Error | +| Bandwidth Reduced | | X | | X | Quality of Service | +| Bandwidth Reduction (X.721/X.733) | | | | | | +| Configuration or Customization Error (M.3100) | | X | | X | Processing Error | +| Configuration or Customizing Error
(X.721/X.733) | | | | | | +| Database Inconsistency | X | | | X | Processing Error | +| File Error | | X | | X | Processing Error | + +| Duplicated Probable Cause | 32.111-2 | X.721 | X.733 | X.736 | M.3100 | Event Type | +|-----------------------------------------------|----------|-------|-------|-------|--------|---------------------------------------| +| Storage Capacity Problem | | | X | | X | Processing Error | +| Excessive Bit Error Rate (M.3100) | X | | | | X | Communications (M.3100) | +| Excessive Error Rate (32.111-2) | | | | | | Quality of Service (GSM 12.11/M.3100) | +| Excessive Error Rate | | | | | | | +| Corrupt Data | | | X | | X | Processing Error | +| Out Of Memory | | | X | | X | Processing Error | +| Software Error | | | X | | X | Processing Error | +| Timeout Expired | X | | | | X | Processing Error | +| Underlaying Resource Unavailable (M.3100) | | | X | | X | Processing Error | +| Underlying Resource Unavailable (X.721/X.733) | | | | | | | +| Version Mismatch | | | X | | X | Processing Error | +| Congestion | | | X | | X | Quality of Service | +| Reduced Logging Capability | X | | | | X | Quality of Service | +| System Resources Overload | X | | | | X | Quality of Service | +| Excessive Response Time (M.3100) | | | X | | X | Quality of Service | +| Response Time Excessive (X.721/X.733) | | | | | | | +| Excessive Retransmission Rate (M.3100) | | | X | | X | Quality of Service | +| Re-Transmission Rate Excessive (X.721/X.733) | | | | | | | +| Transmission Error | X | | | | X | Communications | + +# --- Annex C (informative): Examples of using notifyChangedAlarm + +This annex describes a number of valid and invalid interactions governing the case when IRP Agent is reporting a specific fault of a particular network resource whose alarm severity level changes from, e.g. "Critical" to "Minor" and then to "Cleared". + +In the following examples: + +- ni is notificationId, +- moc is managedObjectClass, +- moi is managedObjectInstance, +- et is eventType, +- pc is probableCause, +- sp is specificProblem, +- ps is perceivedSeverity and +- ai is alarmId. + +EXAMPLE 1: Valid sequence of a hypothetical case: + +- (1) NotifyNewAlarm +(ni=1, ai=X, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Critical) +- (2) NotifyChangedAlarm +(ni=2, ai=X, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Minor) +- (3) NotifyClearedAlarm +(ni=3, ai=X, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Cleared) + +EXAMPLE 2: Valid sequence of a hypothetical case (assuming that the alarm with "ai=X" is acknowledged after either (1) or (2), but before (3)): + +- (1) NotifyNewAlarm +(ni=1, ai=X, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Critical) +- (2) NotifyClearedAlarm +(ni=2, ai=X, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Cleared) +- (3) NotifyNewAlarm +(ni=3, ai=Y, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Minor) +- (4) NotifyClearedAlarm +(ni=4, ai=Y, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Cleared) + +EXAMPLE 3: Invalid sequence of a hypothetical case: + +- (1) NotifyNewAlarm +(ni=1, ai=X, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Critical) + +``` +(2) NotifyChangedAlarm + + (ni=2, ai=Y, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Minor) + +(3) NotifyClearedAlarm + + (ni=3, ai=Y, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Cleared) +``` + +Interaction (2) is illegal since it uses a different *ai* for the same alarm. It should use *ai=X* as in interaction (1). + +EXAMPLE 4: Invalid sequence of a hypothetical case: + +``` +(1) NotifyNewAlarm + + (ni=1, ai=X, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Critical) + +(2) NotifyNewAlarm + + (ni=2, ai=X, moc=A, moi=B, et=C, pc=D, sp=E, ps=Minor) +``` + +Interaction (2) is illegal since it invokes *notifyNewAlarm* using same *ai* value. It should use *notifyChangedAlarm* with the same *ai* value. + +# --- Annex D (informative): Examples of using `correlatedNotification` + +This annex describes a number of examples of when the IRP Agent is indicating that several alarms are correlated. + +EXAMPLE 1: Alarms X and Y are correlated, but the root cause is unknown. + +Information of `AlarmInformation X` has been captured in a notification whose identifier is "x". + +`AlarmInformation X` holds a relation to a `CorrelatedNotification` instance which has the following attribute values + +`source="ABC"` + +`notificationIdSet` carries the identifier "y" + +`X.rootCauseIndicator="No"` + +Information of `AlarmInformation Y` has been captured in a notification whose identifier is "y". + +Optionally, `AlarmInformation Y` may hold a relation to a `correlatedNotification` instance which has the following attribute values + +`source="DEF"` + +`notificationIdSet` carries the identifier "x" + +`Y.rootCauseIndicator="No"` + +EXAMPLE 2: Alarms X and Y are correlated, where Alarm X is the root cause of Alarm Y. + +Information of `AlarmInformation X` has been captured in a notification whose identifier is "x". + +`AlarmInformation X` holds a relation to a `correlatedNotification` instance which has the following attribute values + +`source="ABC"` + +`notificationIdSet` carries the identifier "y" + +`X.rootCauseIndicator="Yes"` + +Information of `AlarmInformation Y` has been captured in a notification whose identifier is "y". + +Optionally, `AlarmInformation Y` may hold a relation to a `correlatedNotification` instance which has the following attribute values + +`source="DEF"` + +`notificationIdSet` carries the identifier "x" + +`Y.rootCauseIndicator="No"` + +# --- Annex E (informative): AcknowledgeAlarms operation scenario + +The `acknowledgeAlarms` operation may optionally include `perceivedSeverity` as input parameter. + +The reason for using `perceivedSeverity` in the `acknowledgeAlarms` operation is to avoid an undesirable consequence. An example sequence of events is: + +1. IRPAGENT AlarmList has `alarmId=6` with `perceivedSeverity=minor` +2. IRPManager issues `getAlarmList` +3. IRPAGENT updates `alarmId=6` with `perceivedSeverity=critical` +4. In case IRPAGENT have not issued the `notifyChangedAlarm` in time or in the case IRPManager ignores the `notifyChangedAlarm` received, for examples... +5. IRPManager issues `acknowledgeAlarms` of `alarmId=6` with `perceivedSeverity=minor` +6. IRPAGENT rejects acknowledgement, with reason `WrongPerceivedSeverity` + +If the optional `perceivedSeverity` input parameter was not used in step 5, in step 6 the IRPAGENT would have accepted the acknowledgement, with the undesirable consequences: + +- IRPManager wrongly concludes that it had acknowledged `alarm=6` with `perceivedSeverity=minor`. +- IRPAGENT wrongly concludes that `alarmId=6` with `perceivedSeverity=critical` had been acknowledged. +- Other IRPManagers will see `alarmId=6` with `perceivedSeverity=critical` being acknowledged (and possibly taken care of) by an IRPManager. + +# Annex F (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060527 | 0057 | -- | Add missing Notification Table in Alarm IRP IS | 6.8.0 | 6.9.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060722 | 0058 | -- | Add filter complexity limitation parameter | 6.9.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Mar 2007 | SA_35 | SP-070046 | 0059 | -- | Correct the references of IRP Agent and IRP Manager | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Mar 2007 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | SP-080846 | 0060 | -- | Spelling and naming corrections | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Mar 2009 | SA_43 | SP-090207 | 0061 | -- | Include reference to SOAP Solution Set specification | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA_46 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 9 | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA_47 | SP-100035 | 0062 | -- | Correct the description of the alarm list rebuilt handling capabilities. Align spec to follow recommendations of latest Repertoire and Templates. | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SA_50 | SP-100833 | 0063 | 2 | Add alarmChangedTime to the output parameters of getAlarmList operation. | 9.1.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SA_51 | SP-110095 | 0064 | -- | Correct the qualifier of clearUserId in AlarmInformation | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| May 2011 | SA_52 | SP-110285 | 0065 | 1 | Improvements to description of examples | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| May 2011 | SA_52 | SP-110289 | 0066 | 1 | Add indication for root cause of alarm | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| May 2011 | SA_52 | SP-110289 | 0067 | 1 | Add notification for change of alarm correlation data | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA_53 | SP-110534 | 0068 | -- | Clarify usage of correlated notification | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA_53 | SP-110534 | 0069 | -- | Add absent rootCauseIndicators | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SA_54 | SP-110707 | 0070 | 1 | Add acknowledgeAlarms operation scenario | 10.3.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA_58 | SP-120783 | 0072 | - | CR 32.111-2 R11 Align usage of SupportIOC with repertoire and TS 32.152 | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Mar 2015 | SA_67 | SP-150060 | 0077 | 1 | Replacement of obsolete term "N interface" and apply alarm probable causes also to EPS" | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|---------|-----------|------|-----|-----|----------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Date | Meeting | TDoc | CR | Rev | Cat | Subject/Comment | New version | +| 2019-06 | SA#84 | SP-190376 | 0085 | 1 | A | Corrections of the document references information | 11.3.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32121/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32121/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5d9eda4deaaee89892bb584cef622f1ab3d519a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32121/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +- Foreword ..... 4 +- Introduction ..... 4 +- 1 Scope..... 5 +- 2 References..... 5 +- 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... 5 +- 3.1 Definitions..... 5 +- 3.2 Abbreviations ..... 5 +- 4 Requirements for AAM on Itf-N ..... 6 +- 4.1 Concept..... 6 +- 4.2 General Requirements for AAM on Itf-N ..... 6 +- Annex A (informative): Change history..... 7 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.121: "Advanced Alarm Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements";** +- 32.122: "Advanced Alarm Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)"; +- 32.126: "Advanced Alarm Management (AAM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +The Itf-N interface is built up by a number of IRPs and a related Name Convention, which realize the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.150 [1]. + +IRPManagers (typically Network Management Systems) and IRPAgents (typically EMs or NEs) synchronize their data concerning alarms or configuration data. In certain scenarios this synchronization is lost or not done. + +This IRP provides functionality to significantly reduce the amount of data which needs to be transferred in order to re-establish synchronization. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The purpose of this set of specifications is to provide a mechanism enabling the IRP Manager to improve the information content of alarms, thereby contributing to reduce the time-to-repair. For this configurable rules for advanced alarm filtering are defined to reduce the number of alarms by applying such advanced alarm filtering. + +The present document contains the Requirements of Advanced Alarm Management (AAM) on Itf-N IRP. It defines, for the purpose of AAM on Itf-N, the basic requirements to be fulfilled on Itf-N. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document. + +[1] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: + +**IRP:** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [1]. + +**IRP Agent:** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [1]. + +**IRP Manager:** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [1]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------| +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| Itf-N | Interface N | +| NE | Network Element | + +# --- 4 Requirements for AAM on Itf-N + +## 4.1 Concept + +A single network fault may generate a large number of alarms over space and time. In a large and complex network, simultaneous network faults may occur, causing the network operator to be flooded with high volume of alarms. The high volume of alarms, typically the one received by an IRP Manager via the getAlarmList or alarm notifications of Alarm IRP specification, greatly inhibits the operator ability to quickly identify and locate the responsible network faults. + +Therefore it is considered advantageous to have methods categorizing network alarms as insignificant or significant. The word 'insignificant' does not imply "low priority". In the context of this specification the words 'significant' and 'insignificant' have the following implications: + +- IRP Agent shall not report alarms categorized as insignificant. +- IRP Agent shall report all significant alarms. + +Reporting only significant alarms and not reporting insignificant alarms would reduce network operator's time to locate network faults so that more time can be spent fixing them. + +When reading the alarmList it can be advantageous to partition alarms in the alarmList into sets of alarms which might be caused by the same network fault. + +By assigning network operators to locate network faults based on alarms in such alarm partitions, rather than based on alarm severity, alarm type or reporting location, duplication of network operator effort (e.g. two network operators work on two different alarms and their resolutions lead to the same network faults) can be reduced or avoided + +## 4.2 General Requirements for AAM on Itf-N + +4.2.1 The IRP Manager should be able to request the IRP Agent to + +- a) categorize alarms as insignificant or significant and + - b) to act based on these categories, e.g. to discard if insignificant. +- The IRP Manager should be able to cancel such requests. + +4.2.2 The standard should define some alarm categorization rules. The standard should also allow vendor to define their own alarm categorization rules. + +4.2.3 Possible alarm categorization rule(s) may depend for example on the type of alarm, the environment, the time of day, the type of network element, the alarm severity, the location, position in the containment tree and many more. No restriction is imposed in this regard. + +4.2.4 The IRP Manager should be able to request the IRP Agent for the list of active categorization rules (i.e. standard defined and vendor defined). + +4.2.5 The IRP manager should be able to request the IRP Agent to apply the categorization rule(s) and to remove the insignificant alarms in the following situations: + +- + alarm notifications to be sent to any IRP Manager +- + advanced alarm management requests by this IRP Manager to read the alarm list + +Certain types of categorization rules are only to be applied to read the alarm list. The term used for these rules is alarm partitioning rules. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|----|------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | R | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| May 2007 | SA 36 | SP-070294 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#36 for Information | -- | -- | 1.0.0 | +| Mar 2008 | SA 39 | SP-080071 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#39 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | -- | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32126/16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32126/16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bc62c859f0294748502e2770a24ca1b9cc340bf3 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32126/16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:020d430458ff580382f1c9c21f0f846230add6d958227824e694238fce979379 +size 74235 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32126/4cc7cdce3d498d8b0ba033a9be24ade5_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32126/4cc7cdce3d498d8b0ba033a9be24ade5_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..192dfce5212865dd58d4d2bcacc24af254df0738 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32126/4cc7cdce3d498d8b0ba033a9be24ade5_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:00e4fb9ee44cc7ea16ebe498462327889adccaede7a257e091ff61b9297b0a75 +size 43434 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32126/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32126/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9356fe1fedbfa7c9964d9a576ed28f2ab3f068f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32126/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1067 @@ + + + + +Error! No +text of + +Error! No text of specified style in +document. + +# Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Solution Set definitions..... | 7 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 8 | +| A.1 Architectural features..... | 8 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 8 | +| A.1.2 Notifications..... | 8 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 8 | +| A.2.1 General mappings..... | 8 | +| A.2.2 Operation and notification mapping..... | 8 | +| A.2.3 Operation parameter mapping..... | 9 | +| A.2.4 Notification parameter mapping..... | 9 | +| A.3 Solution Set definitions..... | 10 | +| A.3.1 IDL definition structure..... | 10 | +| A.3.2 IDL specification (file name "AAMConstDefs.idl") ..... | 11 | +| A.3.3 IDL specification (file name "AAMSystem.idl") ..... | 13 | +| Annex B (normative): XML definitions..... | 15 | +| B.1 Architectural Features ..... | 15 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 15 | +| B.1.2 Notification Services..... | 15 | +| B.1.3 IOC definitions..... | 15 | +| B.2 Mapping ..... | 15 | +| B.3 Solution Set definitions..... | 15 | +| B.3.1 XML definition structure ..... | 15 | +| B.3.2 Graphical Representation..... | 16 | +| B.3.3 XML Schema "aamIRPIOCs.xsd"..... | 17 | +| Annex C (normative): SOAP Solution Set..... | 19 | +| C.1 Architectural features..... | 19 | +| C.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 19 | +| C.1.2 Notification Services..... | 19 | +| C.1.3 Supported W3C specifications..... | 19 | +| C.1.4 Prefixes and namespaces..... | 19 | +| C.2 Mapping ..... | 20 | +| C.2.1 Operation and notification mapping..... | 20 | +| C.2.2 Operation parameter mapping..... | 20 | +| C.2.3 Notification parameter mapping..... | 20 | +| C.3 Solution Set definitions..... | 21 | +| C.3.1 WSDL definition structure ..... | 21 | +| C.3.2 Graphical Representation..... | 21 | +| C.3.3 WSDL specification "AAMIRPSystem.wsdl"..... | 22 | +| Annex D (informative): Change history..... | 25 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.121: Advanced Alarm Management (AAM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements. +- 32.122: Advanced Alarm Management (AAM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS). +- 32.126: Advanced Alarm Management (AAM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions.** + +The Itf-N interface is built up by a number of IRPs and a related Name Convention, which realise the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.150 [4]. + +A single network fault may generate a large number of alarms over space and time. In a large and complex network, simultaneous network faults may occur, causing the network operator to be flooded with high volume of alarms. The high volume of alarms, typically the one received by an IRPManager via the getAlarmList or alarm notifications of Alarm IRP specification, greatly inhibits the operator ability to quickly identify and locate the responsible network faults. Advanced Alarm Management IRP is intended to provide methods to improve this situation. + +# 1 Scope + +The present specifies the Solution Set definitions for the IRP whose semantics are specified in the Advanced Alarm Management (AAM) IRP Information Service (3GPP TS 32.122 [6]). + +This Solution Set specification is related to TS 32.122 v11.0.X. + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.121: "Telecommunication management; Advanced Alarm Management (AAM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.122: "Telecommunication management; Advanced Alarm Management (AAM) Integrations Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [7] W3C REC-xml-20001006: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)". +- [8] W3C REC-xmlschema-0-20010502: "XML Schema Part 0: Primer". +- [9] W3C REC-xmlschema-1-20010502: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures". +- [10] W3C REC-xmlschema-2-20010502: "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes". +- [11] W3C REC-xml-names-19990114: "Namespaces in XML". +- [12] W3C SOAP 1.1 specification () +- [13] W3C XPath 1.0 specification () +- [14] W3C WSDL 1.1 specification () +- [15] W3C SOAP 1.2 specification () +- [16] 3GPP TS 32.306: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set definitions". +- [17] 3GPP TS 32.312: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Information Service (IS)" +- [18] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". + +# 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1], 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3], 3GPP TS 32.150 [4] apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +**Alike Alarm:** Two alarms are considered alike, if the corresponding alarm notifications are issued by the same object instance with the same alarmType, same perceivedSeverity, same probableCause and same specificProblem (if present). + +**Lower Edge of Time Window:** The point in time which determines the begin of a time span. + +**Upper Edge of Time Window:** The point in time which determines the end of a time span + +**XML file:** file containing an XML document + +**XML document:** composed of the succession of an optional XML declaration followed by a root XML element + +NOTE: See [7]; in the scope of the present document. + +**XML declaration:** it specifies the version of XML being used + +NOTE: See [7]. + +**XML element:** has a type, is identified by a name, may have a set of XML attribute specifications and is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag followed by the XML content of the XML element followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag; each XML element may contain other XML elements + +NOTE: See [7]. + +**empty XML element:** having an empty XML content; an empty XML element still possibly has a set of XML attribute specifications; an empty XML element is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag directly followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag + +NOTE: See [7]. + +**XML content (of an XML element):** empty if the XML element is simply composed of an XML empty-element tag; otherwise the part, possibly empty, of the XML element between its XML start-tag and its XML end-tag + +**XML start-tag:** the beginning of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML start-tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element + +NOTE: See [7]. + +**XML end-tag:** the end of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML end-tag containing the name of the XML element + +NOTE: See [7]. + +**XML empty-element tag:** composed simply of an empty-element tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element. + +NOTE: See [7]. + +**XML attribute specification:** has a name and a value + +NOTE: See [7]. + +**DTD:** defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to be valid with regard to this DTD + +NOTE: See [7]. + +**XML schema:** more powerful than a DTD, an XML schema defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to conform with this XML schema; through the use of XML namespaces several XML schemas can be used together by a single XML document; an XML schema is itself also an XML document that shall conform with the XML schema for XML schemas + +NOTE: See [8], [9] and [10]. + +**XML namespace:** enables qualifying element and attribute names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by different XML schemas + +NOTE: See [11], in the scope of the present document. + +**XML complex type:** defined in an XML schema; cannot be directly used in an XML document; can be the concrete type or the derivation base type for an XML element type or for another XML complex type; ultimately defines constraints for an XML element on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content + +NOTE: See [8], [9] and [10]. + +**XML element type:** declared by an XML schema; can be directly used in an XML document; as the concrete type of an XML element, directly or indirectly defines constraints on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content; can also be the concrete type or the derivation base type for another XML element type + +NOTE: See [8], [9] and [10]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1], in 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3], 3GPP TS 32.150 [4], and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|---------|--------------------------------| +| AAM | Advanced Alarm Management | +| AAMRule | Advanced Alarm Management Rule | +| CM | Configuration Management | +| EM | Element Manager | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| Itf-N | Interface N | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| NE | Network Element | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# --- 4 Solution Set definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP Advance Alarm Management IRP Solution Set definitions: + +Annex A provides the CORBA Solution Set. + +Annex B provides the XML Definitions. + +Annex C provides the SOAP Solution Set. + +# Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in AAM IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.122 [6]). + +## A.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of Advanced Alarm Management IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.122 [6] + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300[18] + +### A.1.2 Notifications + +Notifications are sent according to the Notification IRP: CORBA SS (see 3GPP TS 32.306 [16]). + +Currently there are no AAM IRP notifications defined in 3GPP TS 32.122 [6]. + +## A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 General mappings + +Not applicable. + +### A.2.2 Operation and notification mapping + +The AAM IS (3GPP TS 32.122 [6]) defines semantics of operations visible across the Itf-N. + +Table A.2.2-1 indicates mapping of these operations and notifications to their equivalents defined in this CORBA SS. + +**Table A.2.2-1: Mapping from IS Operation to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation / Notification
(3GPP TS 32.122) | SS Method | Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------------|---------------------|-----------| +| activateAAMRule | activate_aam_rule | M | +| getAAMRules | get_aam_rules | M | +| deactivateAAMRule | deactivate_aam_rule | M | + +### A.2.3 Operation parameter mapping + +The AAM IS (3GPP TS 32.122 [6]) defines semantics of parameters carried in operations across the Itf-N. The following tables indicate the mapping of these parameters, as per operation, to their equivalents defined in this CORBA SS. + +**Table A.2.3-1: Mapping from IS `activate_aam_rule` parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| aam_rule_type | AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleType | M | +| aam_rule_parameter_list | AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleParameterList | M | +| filter | AdvancedAlarmManagementConstDefs::FilterType | M | +| status | Exceptions:
AAMConstDefs::ActivateAAMRule ,
AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleAlreadyActive ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::ParameterNotSupported ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::InvalidParameter ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::ValueNotSupported ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::OperationNotSupported | M | +| aam_rule_identifier | AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleIdentifier | M | + +**Table A.2.3-2: Mapping from IS `get_advanced_alarm_management_rules` parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| aam_rule_list | AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleList | M | +| Status | Exceptions:
AAMConstDefs::GetAAMRules ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::ParameterNotSupported ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::InvalidParameter ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::ValueNotSupported ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::OperationNotSupported | M | + +**Table A.2.3-3: Mapping from IS `deactivate_aam_rule` parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| aam_rule_identifier | AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleIdentifier | M | +| Status | Exceptions:
AAMConstDefs::DeactivateAAMRule ,
AAMConstDefs::SpecifiedRuleNotExisting ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::ParameterNotSupported ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::InvalidParameter ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::ValueNotSupported ,
GenericIRPManagementSystem::OperationNotSupported | M | + +### A.2.4 Notification parameter mapping + +None. + +## --- A.3 Solution Set definitions + +### A.3.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.3.2 defines the constants and types used by the AAM IRP. + +Clause A.3.3 defines the operations which are performed by the AAM IRP agent. + +### A.3.2 IDL specification (file name "AAMConstDefs.idl") + +``` + +// File: AAMConstDefs.idl +#ifndef _AAM_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ +#define _AAM_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/* ## Module: AAMConstDefs */ + +module AAMConstDefs +{ + +/***** + * definition of types used in several operations for Advanced Alarm Management */ +/*****/ + +enum AAMRuleType { + THRESHOLD_RULE, + TRANSIENT_RULE, + TOGGLE_RULE, + VENDOR_SPECIFIC_RULE +}; + +enum Status {SUCCESS, FAILURE, AAM_RULE_ALREADY_ACTIVE }; + +typedef string AAMRuleIdentifier; + +/***** + * types used in operation activateAAMRule and */ + * types used in operation getAAMRules */ +/*****/ + +typedef string FilterType; + +typedef string TimeSpan; +typedef string AlarmOccurenceThreshold; +typedef string SlidingTimeWindow; + +struct AAMRuleParameterListForTransientRule +{ + TimeSpan time_span; +}; + +struct AAMRuleParameterListForThresholdRule +{ + AlarmOccurenceThreshold alarm_occurence_threshold; + SlidingTimeWindow sliding_time_window; +}; + +struct AAMRuleParameterListForToggleRule +{ + AlarmOccurenceThreshold alarm_occurence_threshold; + SlidingTimeWindow sliding_time_window_toggling_started; + SlidingTimeWindow sliding_time_window_toggling_settled; +}; + +typedef string VendorSpecificParameterIdentifier; +typedef string VendorSpecificParameterValue; + +struct VendorSpecificParameter +{ + VendorSpecificParameterIdentifier vendor_specific_parameter_identifier; + VendorSpecificParameterValue vendor_specific_parameter_value; +}; + +typedef sequence AAMRuleParameterListForVendorSpecificRule; + +/* The AAMRuleParameterList may contain a list of */ + +``` + +``` + +/* AAMParameters with different content depending on the */ +/* AAMRuleType. */ +union AAMRuleParameterList switch (AAMRuleType) +{ + case THRESHOLD_RULE: AAMRuleParameterListForTransientRule + aam_rule_parameter_list_for_transient_rule; + case TRANSIENT_RULE: AAMRuleParameterListForThresholdRule + aam_rule_parameter_list_for_threshold_rule; + case TOGGLE_RULE: AAMRuleParameterListForToggleRule + aam_rule_parameter_list_for_toggle_rule; + case VENDOR_SPECIFIC_RULE: AAMRuleParameterListForVendorSpecificRule + aam_rule_parameter_list_for_vendor_specificRule; +}; + +struct AAMRule +{ + AAMRuleIdentifier aam_rule_identifier; + AAMRuleType aam_rule_type; + AAMRuleParameterList aam_rule_parameter_list; + FilterType filter; +}; + +typedef sequence AAMRuleList; + +/***** + * types used in operation deactivateAAMRule only */ +/***** + + * none */ + +); + +#endif // _AAM_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ + +``` + +### A.3.3 IDL specification (file name "AAMSystem.idl") + +``` +//File: AAMSystem.idl +#ifndef _AAM_SYSTEM_IDL_ +#define _AAM_SYSTEM_IDL_ + +#include +#include + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/* ## Module: AAMSystem */ + +module AdvancedAlarmManagementIRPOperation_1 +{ + + /* + If the system fails to complete an operation, then it can provide a reason + to qualify the exception. The semantics carried in this reason are outside + the scope of the present document. + */ + + exception ActivateAAMRule { string reason; }; + exception AAMRuleAlreadyActive { string reason; }; + exception GetAAMRules { string reason; }; + exception DeactivateAAMRule { string reason; }; + exception SpecifiedRuleNotExisting { string reason; }; + + interface AdvancedAlarmManagement + { + + AAMConstDefs::Status activate_aam_rule + /* for the purpose of this operation see 3GPP TS 32.322 */ + ( + in AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleType + aam_rule_type, + in AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleParameterList + aam_rule_parameter_list, + in AAMConstDefs::FilterType filter, + out AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleIdentifier + aam_rule_identifier + ) + raises + ( + ActivateAAMRule, + AAMRuleAlreadyActive, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::ParameterNotSupported, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::InvalidParameter, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::ValueNotSupported, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::OperationNotSupported + ); + + AAMConstDefs::Status get_aam_rules + /* for the purpose of this operation see 3GPP TS 32.322 */ + ( + out AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleList + aam_rule_list + ) + raises + ( + GetAAMRules, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::ParameterNotSupported, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::InvalidParameter, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::ValueNotSupported, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::OperationNotSupported + ); + + AAMConstDefs::Status deactivate_aam_rule + /* for the purpose of this operation see 3GPP TS 32.322 */ + ( + in AAMConstDefs::AAMRuleIdentifier + aam_rule_identifier + ) + raises + } +} +``` + +``` + ( + DeactivateAAMRule, + SpecifiedRuleNotExisting, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::ParameterNotSupported, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::InvalidParameter, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::ValueNotSupported, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::OperationNotSupported + ); + +}; + +}; +#endif // _AAM_SYSTEM_IDL_ +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): XML definitions + +This annex contains the XML Definitions for the Advance Alarm Management Integration Reference Point (AAM IRP) as it applies to Itf-N, in accordance with AAM IRP IS definitions [6] + +## --- B.1 Architectural Features + +The overall architectural feature of AAM IRP is specified in 3G TS 32.122 [6]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the XML definitions. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300[18]. + +### B.1.2 Notification Services + +Currently there are no AAM IRP notifications defined in 3GPP TS 32.122 [6]. + +### B.1.3 IOC definitions + +This annex defines the XML syntax for the IOC definitions of the AAM IRP IS [6], which are used by the XML definitions for the AAM IRP notifications and the AAM IRP IS operations. + +## --- B.2 Mapping + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +## --- B.3 Solution Set definitions + +### B.3.1 XML definition structure + +Clause B.3.2 provides a graphical representation of the XML elements. + +Clause B.3.3 provides XML definitions of AAM IOC as defined in [6]. + +### B.3.2 Graphical Representation + +![UML Class Diagram showing AdvancedAlarmManagementRule and its associations with various parameter lists and their contents.](16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class AdvancedAlarmManagementRule + class xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForTransientRule + class xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForThresholdRule + class xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForToggleRule + class xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForVendorSpecificRule + class xaa:TimeSpan + class xaa:AlarmOccurenceThreshold + class xaa:SlidingTimeWindow + class xaa:SlidingTimeWindowTogglin... + class xaa:VendorSpecificParameter + class xaa:VendorSpecificParameterId... + class xaa:VendorSpecificParameterVa... + + AdvancedAlarmManagementRule --> xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForTransientRule + AdvancedAlarmManagementRule --> xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForThresholdRule + AdvancedAlarmManagementRule --> xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForToggleRule + AdvancedAlarmManagementRule --> xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForVendorSpecificRule + + xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForTransientRule --> xaa:TimeSpan + xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForThresholdRule --> xaa:AlarmOccurenceThreshold + xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForThresholdRule --> xaa:SlidingTimeWindow + xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForToggleRule --> xaa:AlarmOccurenceThreshold + xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForToggleRule --> xaa:SlidingTimeWindowTogglin... + xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForToggleRule --> xaa:SlidingTimeWindowTogglin... + xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForVendorSpecificRule --> xaa:VendorSpecificParameter + xaa:VendorSpecificParameter --> xaa:VendorSpecificParameterId... + xaa:VendorSpecificParameter --> xaa:VendorSpecificParameterVa... +``` + +The diagram illustrates the structure of **AdvancedAlarmManagementRule** and its associated parameter lists. The root class, **AdvancedAlarmManagementRule**, is shown on the left. It has four associations leading to different parameter list classes, each enclosed in a yellow box: + +- xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForTransientRule**: Contains the attribute **xaa:TimeSpan**. +- xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForThresholdRule**: Contains the attributes **xaa:AlarmOccurenceThreshold** and **xaa:SlidingTimeWindow**. +- xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForToggleRule**: Contains the attributes **xaa:AlarmOccurenceThreshold**, **xaa:SlidingTimeWindowTogglin...**, and **xaa:SlidingTimeWindowTogglin...**. +- xaa:AAMRuleParameterListForVendorSpecificRule**: Contains the attribute **xaa:VendorSpecificParameter**. This attribute is further associated with a class **xaa:VendorSpecificParameter** (also in a yellow box), which contains the attributes **xaa:VendorSpecificParameterId...** and **xaa:VendorSpecificParameterVa...**. The association between **xaa:VendorSpecificParameter** and **xaa:VendorSpecificParameter** has a multiplicity of **1..∞**. + +UML Class Diagram showing AdvancedAlarmManagementRule and its associations with various parameter lists and their contents. + +### B.3.3 XML Schema “aamIRPIOCs.xsd” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# Annex C (normative): SOAP Solution Set + +This annex specifies the SOAP Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics are specified in AAM IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.122 [6]). + +## C.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of the AAM IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.122 [6]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the SOAP Solution Set. + +### C.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300[18]. + +### C.1.2 Notification Services + +Currently there are no AAM IRP notifications defined in 3GPP TS 32.122 [6]. + +### C.1.3 Supported W3C specifications + +The overall architectural feature of the Advanced Alarm Management IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.122 [6]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the SOAP solution set. + +The SOAP 1.1 specification [12] and WSDL 1.1 specification [14] are supported. + +The SOAP 1.2 specification [15] is supported optionally. + +This specification uses "document" style in WSDL file. + +This specification uses "literal" encoding style in WSDL file. + +The filter language used in the SS is the XPath Language (see W3C XPath 1.0 specification [13]). IRPAgents may throw a FilterComplexityLimit fault when a given filter is too complex. + +### C.1.4 Prefixes and namespaces + +This specification uses a number of namespace prefixes throughout that are listed in Table C.1.4. + +**Table C.1.4: Prefixes and Namespaces used in this specification** + +| PREFIX | NAMESPACE | +|------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| (no prefix) | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/ | +| soap | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/ | +| aamIRPSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.126#AAMIRPSystem | +| aamIRPData | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.126#AAMIRPData | +| aam | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.126#aamIRP | +| xn | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.626#genericNrm | +| genericIRPSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.316#GenericIRPSystem | +| ntfIRPNtfSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.306#NotificationIRPNtfSystem | + +## C.2 Mapping + +### C.2.1 Operation and notification mapping + +The Advanced Alarm Management IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.122 [6]) defines semantics of operation and notification visible across the Itf-N. Table C.2.1 indicates mapping of these operations and notifications to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table C.2.1: Mapping from IS Operation to SS Equivalents** + +| IS Operations in 3GPP TS 32.122 [6] | SS Operations | Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------|------------------------|-----------| +| activateAAMRule | activateAAMRule | M | +| getAAMRules | getAAMRules | M | +| deactivateAAMRule | deactivateAAMRule | M | +| getIRPVersion (note 1) | getIRPVersion | M | +| getOperationProfile (note 1) | getOperationProfile | O | +| getNotificationProfile (note 1) | getNotificationProfile | O | + +NOTE 1: These 3 operations are operations of ManagedGenericIRP IOC specified in 3GPP TS 32.312 [17]. The AdvancedAlarmManagementIRP IOC of 3GPP TS 32.122 [6] inherits from it. + +### C.2.2 Operation parameter mapping + +The Advanced Alarm Management IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.122 [6]) defines semantics of parameters carried in the operations. The tables below show the mapping of these parameters, as per operation, to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table C.2.2.1: Mapping from IS activateAAMRule parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------|-----------| +| aAMRuleType | aAMRuleType | M | +| aAMRuleParameterList | aAMRuleParameterList | M | +| filter | filter | M | +| aAMRuleIdentifier | aAMRuleIdentifier | M | +| status | status | M | + +**Table C.2.2.2: Mapping from IS getAAMRules parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|---------------------|-----------| +| aAMRuleList | aAMRuleList | M | +| status | status | M | + +**Table C.2.2.3: Mapping from IS deactivateAAMRule parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------| +| advancedAlarmManagementRuleIdentifier | advancedAlarmManagementRuleIdentifier | M | +| status | status | M | + +### C.2.3 Notification parameter mapping + +The Advance Alarm Management IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.122 [6]) does not currently define any notifications. + +## C.3 Solution Set definitions + +### C.3.1 WSDL definition structure + +Clause C.3.2 provides a graphical representation of the AAM IRP service. + +Clause C.3.3 defines the services which are supported the AAM IRP agent. + +### C.3.2 Graphical Representation + +The WSDL structure is depicted in Figure C.3.2 below, depicting port type, binding and service. The port type contains port type operations, which again contains input, output and fault messages. The binding contains binding operations, which have the same name as the port type operations. The binding connects to a port inside the service. + +![WSDL structure diagram showing AAMIRPortType, AAMIRPBinding, and AAMIRPService components and their relationships.](4cc7cdce3d498d8b0ba033a9be24ade5_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the WSDL structure for the Advance Alarm IRP SOAP Solution Set. It consists of three main components arranged horizontally, connected by dashed lines indicating relationships. + +- AAMIRPortType**: A box containing three operations: `activateAAMRule`, `getAAMRules`, and `deactivateAAMRule`. Each operation is preceded by a small icon representing a message flow. +- AAMIRPBinding**: A box containing the same three operations: `activateAAMRule`, `getAAMRules`, and `deactivateAAMRule`. Each operation is followed by a `doc` link. Above the operations, it specifies the transport: `http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http`. This box is connected to the PortType box by a dashed line. +- AAMIRPService**: A box containing two ports: **AAMIRPPort** and **GenericIRPPort**. + - AAMIRPPort**: Location: `http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.126#AAMIRP` + - GenericIRPPort**: Binding: `genericIRPSystem:GenericIRPBinding`, Location: `http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.316#GenericIRP`This box is connected to the Binding box by a dashed line. + +WSDL structure diagram showing AAMIRPortType, AAMIRPBinding, and AAMIRPService components and their relationships. + +Figure C.3.2: Advance Alarm IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure + +### C.3.3 WSDL specification “AAMIRPSystem.wsdl” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# Annex D (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2010-09 | SA#49 | SP-100505 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information and Approval | --- | 1.0.0 | +| 2010-10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2011-06 | SA#52 | SP-110291 | 001 | -- | Correct syntax errors in AAM IRP schema and wsdl | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 09-2012 | SA#57 | - | - | - | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 10.1.0 | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32172/1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32172/1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg new file mode 100644 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+|---------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 6 | +| Introduction ..... | 6 | +| 1 Scope..... | 7 | +| 2 References..... | 7 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 8 | +| 4 Compliance rules..... | 8 | +| 5 Modelling approach ..... | 8 | +| 6 Information Object Classes..... | 9 | +| 6.1 Imported information entities and local labels..... | 9 | +| 6.2 Class diagram..... | 9 | +| 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships ..... | 9 | +| 6.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 12 | +| 6.3 Information Object Class definitions..... | 17 | +| 6.3.1 SuMService ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.2 CSService..... | 17 | +| 6.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.2.2 Attributes ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.2.3 Attribute constraints..... | 19 | +| 6.3.3 GPRSService..... | 20 | +| 6.3.3.1 Definition ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.3.2 Attributes ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.3.3 Attribute constraints..... | 21 | +| 6.3.4 IMSService ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.4.1 Definition ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.4.2 Attributes ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.4.3 Attribute constraints..... | 22 | +| 6.3.5 SuMSubscribedService ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.5.1 Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.5.2 Attributes ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.6 CSSubscribedService..... | 23 | +| 6.3.6.1 Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.6.2 Attributes ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.6.3 Attribute constraints..... | 25 | +| 6.3.7 GPRSSubscribedService..... | 25 | +| 6.3.7.1 Definition ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.7.2 Attributes ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.7.3 Attribute constraints..... | 27 | +| 6.3.8 IMSSubscribedService ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.8.1 Definition ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.8.2 Attributes ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.8.3 Attribute constraints..... | 27 | +| 6.3.9 SuMSubscriberProfile ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.9.1 Definition ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.9.2 Attributes ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.10 Void..... | 28 | +| 6.3.11 SuMServiceProfile ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.11.1 Definition ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.11.2 Attributes ..... | 28 | + +| | | | +|----------|------------------------------|----| +| 6.3.12 | CSSTServiceProfile..... | 28 | +| 6.3.12.1 | Definition ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.12.2 | Attributes ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.12.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 31 | +| 6.3.13 | GPRSSServiceProfile..... | 31 | +| 6.3.13.1 | Definition ..... | 31 | +| 6.3.13.2 | Attributes ..... | 31 | +| 6.3.13.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 32 | +| 6.3.14 | IMSServiceProfile ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.14.1 | Definition ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.14.2 | Attributes ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.14.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 33 | +| 6.3.15 | Void..... | 34 | +| 6.3.16 | SubscriptionFunction ..... | 34 | +| 6.3.16.1 | Definition ..... | 34 | +| 6.3.16.2 | Attributes ..... | 34 | +| 6.3.17 | SuMCSSupplService ..... | 35 | +| 6.3.17.1 | Definition ..... | 35 | +| 6.3.17.2 | Attributes ..... | 35 | +| 6.3.17.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 35 | +| 6.3.18 | SuMGPRSSupplService..... | 36 | +| 6.3.18.1 | Definition ..... | 36 | +| 6.3.18.2 | Attributes ..... | 36 | +| 6.3.18.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 36 | +| 6.3.19 | SuMUser ..... | 36 | +| 6.3.19.1 | Definition ..... | 36 | +| 6.3.19.2 | Attributes ..... | 36 | +| 6.3.20 | SuMCredentials..... | 37 | +| 6.3.20.1 | Definition ..... | 37 | +| 6.3.20.2 | Attributes ..... | 37 | +| 6.3.21 | IMSPublicIdentification..... | 37 | +| 6.3.21.1 | Definition ..... | 37 | +| 6.3.21.2 | Attributes ..... | 37 | +| 6.3.22 | MobileUserData..... | 38 | +| 6.3.22.1 | Definition ..... | 38 | +| 6.3.22.2 | Attributes ..... | 38 | +| 6.3.23 | Void..... | 38 | +| 6.3.24 | SuMServiceParameter..... | 38 | +| 6.3.24.1 | Definition ..... | 38 | +| 6.3.24.2 | Attributes ..... | 38 | +| 6.3.25 | SuMIdentity..... | 38 | +| 6.3.25.1 | Definition ..... | 38 | +| 6.3.25.2 | Attributes ..... | 39 | +| 6.3.26 | ServerCapabilities..... | 39 | +| 6.3.26.1 | Definition ..... | 39 | +| 6.3.26.2 | Attributes ..... | 39 | +| 6.3.27 | EPSService ..... | 39 | +| 6.3.27.1 | Definition ..... | 39 | +| 6.3.27.2 | Attributes ..... | 40 | +| 6.3.27.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 41 | +| 6.3.28 | EPSSubscribedService ..... | 41 | +| 6.3.28.1 | Definition ..... | 41 | +| 6.3.28.2 | Attributes ..... | 42 | +| 6.3.28.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 43 | +| 6.3.29 | EPSServiceProfile ..... | 43 | +| 6.3.29.1 | Definition ..... | 43 | +| 6.3.29.2 | Attributes ..... | 43 | +| 6.3.29.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 43 | +| 6.3.30 | PSCommonServiceProfile ..... | 43 | + +- 6.3.30.1 Definition .....43 +- 6.3.30.2 Attributes .....44 +- 6.3.30.3 Attribute constraints.....44 +- 6.3.31 IWANParameters.....45 +- 6.3.31.1 Definition .....45 +- 6.3.31.2 Attributes .....45 +- 6.3.31.3 Attribute constraints.....45 +- 6.3.32 OptHandover3GPP2Parameters.....46 +- 6.3.32.1 Definition .....46 +- 6.3.32.2 Attributes .....46 +- 6.3.32.3 Attribute constraints.....46 +- 6.3.33 Non3GPPAccessParameters .....46 +- 6.3.33.1 Definition .....46 +- 6.3.33.2 Attributes .....46 +- 6.3.33.3 Attribute constraints.....46 +- 6.3.34 Common3GPPAccessServiceProfile.....46 +- 6.3.34.1 Definition .....46 +- 6.3.34.2 Attributes .....47 +- 6.3.34.3 Attribute constraints.....47 +- 6.4 Information relationship definitions.....48 +- 6.4.1 agreement.....48 +- 6.4.1.1 Definition .....48 +- 6.4.1.2 Roles .....48 +- 6.4.1.3 Constraints .....48 +- 6.4.2 description.....48 +- 6.4.2.1 Definition .....48 +- 6.4.2.2 Roles .....48 +- 6.4.2.3 Constraints .....48 +- 6.4.3 userSubscriberRelation .....48 +- 6.4.3.1 Definition .....48 +- 6.4.3.2 Roles .....48 +- 6.4.4 relatedMobileUserData.....49 +- 6.4.4.1 Definition .....49 +- 6.4.4.2 Roles .....49 +- 6.4.5 relatedServiceProfile.....49 +- 6.4.5.1 Definition .....49 +- 6.4.5.2 Roles .....49 +- 6.4.6 relatedIMSServiceProfile.....49 +- 6.4.6.1 Definition .....49 +- 6.4.6.2 Roles .....49 +- 6.4.6.3 Constraints .....49 +- 6.4.7 relatedIMSPublicId.....50 +- 6.4.7.1 Definition .....50 +- 6.4.7.2 Roles .....50 +- 6.4.7.3 Constraints .....50 +- 6.5 Information attribute definitions .....51 +- 6.5.1 Definitions and legal values .....51 +- Annex A (informative): Change history.....57 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +x the first digit: + +- 1 presented to TSG for information; +- 2 presented to TSG for approval; +- 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. + +y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. + +z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The interface Itf-N, defined in 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], is built up by a number of Integration Reference Points (IRPs) and a related Name Convention, which realise the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management, as identified below: + +- TS 32.140: "Subscription Management (SuM) requirements". +- TS 32.141: "Subscription Management (SuM) architecture". +- TS 32.171: "Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements ". +- TS 32.172: "Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)".** +- TS 32.176: "Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Sets (SS) definitions". + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines the Network Resources Model (NRM) for the SuM IRP. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.140: "Telecommunication management; Subscription Management (SuM) Requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.141: "Telecommunication management; Subscription Management (SuM) Architecture." +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.171: "Telecommunication management; Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements ". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 23.008: "Organization of subscriber data". +- [8] 3GPP TS 29.228: "IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystem Cx and Dx interfaces; Signalling flows and message contents". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. For terms and definitions not found here, please refer to 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.140 [3] and TS 32.141 [4]. + +**Subscription Profile:** see 3GPP TS 32.140 [3]. + +**Subscription Profile Component:** see 3GPP TS 32.140 [3]. + +**Subscription Profile Component Definition:** specifies a Subscription Profile Component. + +**Subscriber Profile:** see 3GPP TS 32.140 [3]. + +**User:** see 3GPP TS 32.140 [3]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document the following and the abbreviations in 32.101 [1], 32.102 [2], 32.140 [3] and 32.141 [4] apply. + +| | | +|-----|-----------------------------| +| EM | Element Manager | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NE | Network Element | +| SuM | Subscription Management | + +# --- 4 Compliance rules + +The following defines the meaning of Mandatory and Optional IOC attributes and associations between IOCs, in Solution Sets to the IRP defined by the present document. + +Solution Sets to the SuM IRP: + +- The IRPManager shall support all Mandatory attributes/associations. The IRPManager shall be prepared to receive information related to Mandatory as well as Optional attributes/associations without failure; however the IRPManager does not have to support handling of the Optional attributes/associations. +- The IRPAgent shall support all Mandatory attributes/associations. It may support Optional attributes/associations. + +An IRPAgent that incorporates vendor-specific extensions shall support normal communication with a 3GPP SA5-compliant IRPManager with respect to all Mandatory and Optional Managed Object Classes (MOCs), attributes, associations, operations, parameters and notifications without requiring the IRPManager to have any knowledge of the extensions. + +# --- 5 Modelling approach + +The modelling approach adopted and used in this IRP is described in 3GPP TS 32.622 [6]. + +# 6 Information Object Classes + +## 6.1 Imported information entities and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|-------------------------------------------------------|-----------------| +| 32.622 [6], information object class, ManagedFunction | ManagedFunction | +| 32.622 [6], information object class, SubNetwork | SubNetwork | +| 32.622 [6], information object class, Top | Top | + +## 6.2 Class diagram + +### 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This clause depicts the set of IOCs that encapsulate information relevant for this service. This sub-clause provides the overview of all information object classes in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these Information Object Classes (IOCs). + +![UML Class diagram showing SubNetwork (32.622) and SuMIOCProxy1 classes and their relationships.](b28af4985cdef1e519e3aaf26561dcb3_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class SubNetwork { + <> + SubNetwork (32.622) + } + class SuMIOCProxy1 { + <> + SuMIOCProxy1 + } + SubNetwork "0..*" --> "0..1" SubNetwork + SubNetwork "1" *--> "0..*" SuMIOCProxy1 + note right of SuMIOCProxy1 + This proxy class represents the following IOCs: + SubscriptionFunction + SuMSubscriberProfile + SuMUser + SuMService + SuMSubscribedService + SuMServiceProfile + MobileUserData + SuMCredentials + IMSPublicIdentification + SuMCSSupplService + SuMGPRSSupplService + SuMServiceParameter + SuMIdentity + IWANParameters + OptHandover3GPP2Parameters + Non3GPPAccessParameters + endnote + +``` + +The diagram illustrates two classes: **SubNetwork (32.622)** and **SuMIOCProxy1**. **SubNetwork** is an **InformationObjectClass** and **SuMIOCProxy1** is a **ProxyClass**. **SubNetwork** has a self-association with a multiplicity of **0..\*** at the source and **0..1** at the target. **SubNetwork** has a composition relationship with **SuMIOCProxy1**, with a multiplicity of **1** at the **SubNetwork** end and **0..\*** at the **SuMIOCProxy1** end. A note box connected to **SuMIOCProxy1** lists the following Information Object Classes (IOCs): SubscriptionFunction, SuMSubscriberProfile, SuMUser, SuMService, SuMSubscribedService, SuMServiceProfile, MobileUserData, SuMCredentials, IMSPublicIdentification, SuMCSSupplService, SuMGPRSSupplService, SuMServiceParameter, SuMIdentity, IWANParameters, OptHandover3GPP2Parameters, and Non3GPPAccessParameters. + +UML Class diagram showing SubNetwork (32.622) and SuMIOCProxy1 classes and their relationships. + +Figure 1a: SuM NRM naming diagram 1 + +![UML Class diagram showing relationships between SuMService, SubscriptionFunction, SuMSubscribedService, SuMSubscriberProfile, SuMUser, MobileUserData, SuMIdentity, and SuMServiceProfile.](e6df2733626a85205c1db682e6259c46_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class SuMService + class SubscriptionFunction + class SuMSubscribedService + class SuMSubscriberProfile + class SuMUser + class MobileUserData + class SuMIdentity + class SuMServiceProfile + + SuMService "0..1" -- "0..*" SuMSubscribedService : +theOffer agreement + SubscriptionFunction "0..1" -- "0..*" SuMSubscriberProfile : +theSubscriberProfile + SuMSubscribedService "0..*" -- "1" SuMSubscriberProfile : +theSubscribedService + SuMSubscribedService "1" -- "0..*" SuMServiceProfile : +theSpecification + SuMSubscribedService "0..*" -- "1" SuMUser : +theContract + SuMSubscriberProfile "1" -- "0..*" MobileUserData : +theMobileUserData + SuMUser "0..*" -- "1" SuMSubscriberProfile : +theUser + SuMUser "0..*" -- "1" MobileUserData : +theSubscriber + SuMUser "1" -- "0..*" SuMIdentity : +theIdentity + SuMUser "1" -- "0..*" SuMServiceProfile : +theServiceProfile + MobileUserData "0..*" -- "1" SuMSubscriberProfile : +theMobileUserData + MobileUserData "0..*" -- "1" SuMServiceProfile : +theServiceProfile + SuMServiceProfile "0..*" -- "1" SuMService : +theService + SuMServiceProfile "0..*" -- "1" SuMUser : +theUser + +``` + +UML Class diagram showing relationships between SuMService, SubscriptionFunction, SuMSubscribedService, SuMSubscriberProfile, SuMUser, MobileUserData, SuMIdentity, and SuMServiceProfile. + +Figure 1b: SuM NRM Containment and Association diagram 1 + +![UML Class diagram showing relationships between SuMUser, SuMCredentials, IMSServiceProfile, and IMSPublicIdentification.](b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class SuMUser + class SuMCredentials + class IMSServiceProfile + class IMSPublicIdentification + + SuMUser "1" -- "0..*" SuMCredentials : +theCredentials + SuMCredentials "0..*" -- "0..*" IMSServiceProfile : relatedIMSServiceProfile + SuMCredentials "0..*" -- "0..*" IMSPublicIdentification : relatedIMSPublicId + IMSServiceProfile "1" -- "0..*" IMSPublicIdentification : +thePublicId + IMSServiceProfile "0..*" -- "1" SuMUser : +theServiceProfile + +``` + +UML Class diagram showing relationships between SuMUser, SuMCredentials, IMSServiceProfile, and IMSPublicIdentification. + +Figure 1c: SuM NRM Containment and Association diagram 2 + +![UML Class Diagram showing aggregation relationships for CSService and GPRSService.](5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates two separate aggregation relationships. On the left, a class box labeled <> CSService has a composition relationship (indicated by a filled diamond) with a class box labeled <> SuMCSSupplService. The multiplicity at the CSService end is 1, and at the SuMCSSupplService end is 0..n. The association is labeled +theCSSupplServiceForCS. On the right, a class box labeled <> GPRSService has a composition relationship with a class box labeled <> SuMGPRSSupplService. The multiplicity at the GPRSService end is 1, and at the SuMGPRSSupplService end is 0..n. The association is labeled +theGPRSSupplServiceForGPRS. + +UML Class Diagram showing aggregation relationships for CSService and GPRSService. + +Figure 1d: SuM Supplementary Service NRM Aggregation diagram 1 + +![UML Class Diagram showing aggregation relationships for CSSubscribedService and GPRSSubscribedService.](7e670a2b556b53ea9002dfff3a420e08_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates two separate aggregation relationships. On the left, a class box labeled <> CSSubscribedService has a composition relationship with a class box labeled <> SuMCSSupplService. The multiplicity at the CSSubscribedService end is 1, and at the SuMCSSupplService end is 0..n. The association is labeled +theCSSupplServiceForCSSS. On the right, a class box labeled <> GPRSSubscribedService has a composition relationship with a class box labeled <> SuMGPRSSupplService. The multiplicity at the GPRSSubscribedService end is 1, and at the SuMGPRSSupplService end is 0..n. The association is labeled +theGPRSSupplServiceforGPRSSS. + +UML Class Diagram showing aggregation relationships for CSSubscribedService and GPRSSubscribedService. + +Figure 1e: SuM Supplementary Service NRM Aggregation diagram 2 + +![UML Class Diagram showing aggregation relationships for CSServiceProfile and GPRSServiceProfile.](8e14350b4b669119a3bdfca7869110ca_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates two separate aggregation relationships. On the left, a class box labeled <> CSServiceProfile has a composition relationship with a class box labeled <> SuMCSSupplService. The multiplicity at the CSServiceProfile end is 1, and at the SuMCSSupplService end is 0..n. The association is labeled +theCSSupplServiceFor CSSP. On the right, a class box labeled <> GPRSServiceProfile has a composition relationship with a class box labeled <> SuMGPRSSupplService. The multiplicity at the GPRSServiceProfile end is 1, and at the SuMGPRSSupplService end is 0..n. The association is labeled +theGPRSSupplServiceForGPRSSP. + +UML Class Diagram showing aggregation relationships for CSServiceProfile and GPRSServiceProfile. + +Figure 1f: SuM Supplementary Service NRM Aggregation diagram 3 + +![UML class diagram showing associations between IMSService, IMSServiceProfile, IMSSubscribedService, and ServerCapabilities.](27b06ec9f42b5d727a2630f61a5f1861_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class IMSService + class IMSServiceProfile + class IMSSubscribedService + class ServerCapabilities + + IMSService "0..*" --> "0..*" ServerCapabilities : IMSServiceRelatedSC + IMSServiceProfile "0..*" --> "0..*" ServerCapabilities : IMSSPRelatedSC + IMSSubscribedService "0..*" --> "0..*" ServerCapabilities : IMSSSRelatedSC + ServerCapabilities "0..*" --> "0..*" IMSService : +theServerCapabilities + ServerCapabilities "0..*" --> "0..*" IMSServiceProfile : +theServerCapabilities + ServerCapabilities "0..*" --> "0..*" IMSSubscribedService : +theServerCapabilities + +``` + +UML class diagram showing associations between IMSService, IMSServiceProfile, IMSSubscribedService, and ServerCapabilities. + +Figure 1g: SuM IMS Service Containment and Association diagram 1 + +![UML class diagram showing associations between EPSServiceProfile, PSCommonServiceProfile, Non3GPPAccessParameters, OptHandOver3GPP2Parameters, and IWANParameters.](7f17c430b9598e4d748a8041457810b3_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class EPSServiceProfile + class PSCommonServiceProfile + class Non3GPPAccessParameters + class OptHandOver3GPP2Parameters + class IWANParameters + + EPSServiceProfile "0..1" *--> "0..1" Non3GPPAccessParameters : +theNon3GPPAccessPar + EPSServiceProfile "0..1" *--> "0..1" OptHandOver3GPP2Parameters : +the3GPP2Par + PSCommonServiceProfile "0..1" *--> "0..1" IWANParameters : +theIWANPar + +``` + +UML class diagram showing associations between EPSServiceProfile, PSCommonServiceProfile, Non3GPPAccessParameters, OptHandOver3GPP2Parameters, and IWANParameters. + +Figure 1h: Service Profile NRM Association diagram + +### 6.2.2 Inheritance + +![UML class diagram showing inheritance from SubscriptionFunction to ManagedFunction (32.622).](78ffccd66df9bafd96e3e081110d09dd_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedFunction_32_622["ManagedFunction (32.622)"] + class SubscriptionFunction + + SubscriptionFunction --|> ManagedFunction_32_622 + +``` + +UML class diagram showing inheritance from SubscriptionFunction to ManagedFunction (32.622). + +Figure 2a: SuM NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 1 + +![UML class diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for SuMService. Top class is <> Top (from TS 32.622). SuMService inherits from Top. CSService, GPRSService, IMSService, and EPSService inherit from SuMService.](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Top["<> Top (from TS 32.622)"] + class SuMService["<> SuMService"] + class CSService["<> CSService"] + class GPRSService["<> GPRSService"] + class IMSService["<> IMSService"] + class EPSService["<> EPSService"] + + SuMService --|> Top + CSService --|> SuMService + GPRSService --|> SuMService + IMSService --|> SuMService + EPSService --|> SuMService +``` + +UML class diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for SuMService. Top class is <> Top (from TS 32.622). SuMService inherits from Top. CSService, GPRSService, IMSService, and EPSService inherit from SuMService. + +**Figure 2b: SuM NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 2** + +![UML class diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for SuMSubscribedService. Top class is <> Top (from TS 32.622). SuMSubscribedService inherits from Top. CSSubscribedService, GPRSSubscribedService, IMSSubscribedService, and EPSSubscribedService inherit from SuMSubscribedService.](410562339ce067fdc6fa41940c118658_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Top["<> Top (from TS 32.622)"] + class SuMSubscribedService["<> SuMSubscribedService"] + class CSSubscribedService["<> CSSubscribedService"] + class GPRSSubscribedService["<> GPRSSubscribedService"] + class IMSSubscribedService["<> IMSSubscribedService"] + class EPSSubscribedService["<> EPSSubscribedService"] + + SuMSubscribedService --|> Top + CSSubscribedService --|> SuMSubscribedService + GPRSSubscribedService --|> SuMSubscribedService + IMSSubscribedService --|> SuMSubscribedService + EPSSubscribedService --|> SuMSubscribedService +``` + +UML class diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for SuMSubscribedService. Top class is <> Top (from TS 32.622). SuMSubscribedService inherits from Top. CSSubscribedService, GPRSSubscribedService, IMSSubscribedService, and EPSSubscribedService inherit from SuMSubscribedService. + +**Figure 2c: SuM NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 3** + +![UML class diagram showing the inheritance hierarchy for SuM NRM. The hierarchy starts with Top (32.622) {abstract} at the root, followed by SuMServiceProfile, Common3GPPAccessServiceProfile, and PSCommonServiceProfile. Subclasses include CSServiceProfile, GPRSServiceProfile, EPSServiceProfile, and IMSServiceProfile.](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Top["<> Top (32.622) {abstract}"] + class SuMServiceProfile["<> SuMServiceProfile"] + class Common3GPPAccessServiceProfile["<> Common3GPPAccessServiceProfile"] + class PSCommonServiceProfile["<> PSCommonServiceProfile"] + class CSServiceProfile["<> CSServiceProfile"] + class GPRSServiceProfile["<> GPRSServiceProfile"] + class EPSServiceProfile["<> EPSServiceProfile"] + class IMSServiceProfile["<> IMSServiceProfile"] + + Top <|-- SuMServiceProfile + SuMServiceProfile <|-- Common3GPPAccessServiceProfile + Common3GPPAccessServiceProfile <|-- PSCommonServiceProfile + PSCommonServiceProfile <|-- CSServiceProfile + PSCommonServiceProfile <|-- GPRSServiceProfile + PSCommonServiceProfile <|-- EPSServiceProfile + SuMServiceProfile <|-- IMSServiceProfile +``` + +UML class diagram showing the inheritance hierarchy for SuM NRM. The hierarchy starts with Top (32.622) {abstract} at the root, followed by SuMServiceProfile, Common3GPPAccessServiceProfile, and PSCommonServiceProfile. Subclasses include CSServiceProfile, GPRSServiceProfile, EPSServiceProfile, and IMSServiceProfile. + +Figure 2d: SuM NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 4 + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from SuMIOProxy2 to Top (32.622) {abstract}. A note lists various IOC classes represented by the proxy class.](7efae06af3af43ffe5d4b956a679cf54_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Top_32_622_["<> +Top +(32.622) +{abstract}"] + class SuMIOProxy2_["<> +SuMIOProxy2"] + SuMIOProxy2 --|> Top_32_622_ + note for SuMIOProxy2 "This proxy class represents the following IOCs: +SuMSubscriberProfile +SuMUser +SuMService +SuMSubscribedService +SuMServiceProfile +MobileUserData +SuMCredentials +SuMCSSupplService +SuMGPRSSupplService +SuMServiceParameter +SuMIdentity +IWANParameters +OptHandover3GPP2Parameters +Non3GPPAccessParameters" +``` + +The diagram shows a class hierarchy. At the top is a class box labeled <> Top (32.622) {abstract}. Below it is a class box labeled <> SuMIOProxy2. A solid line with an open triangle arrowhead points from SuMIOProxy2 to Top. To the right of SuMIOProxy2 is a note box connected by a dashed line, containing the text: "This proxy class represents the following IOCs: SuMSubscriberProfile, SuMUser, SuMService, SuMSubscribedService, SuMServiceProfile, MobileUserData, SuMCredentials, SuMCSSupplService, SuMGPRSSupplService, SuMServiceParameter, SuMIdentity, IWANParameters, OptHandover3GPP2Parameters, Non3GPPAccessParameters". + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from SuMIOProxy2 to Top (32.622) {abstract}. A note lists various IOC classes represented by the proxy class. + +Figure 2e: SuM NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 5 + +Figure 2f: Void + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from IMSPublicIdentification to SuMIdentity.](9ae17964ddd9b814c7d905b1af2fddf2_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class SuMIdentity_["<> +SuMIdentity"] + class IMSPublicIdentification_["<> +IMSPublicIdentification"] + IMSPublicIdentification --|> SuMIdentity_ +``` + +The diagram shows a class hierarchy. At the top is a class box labeled <> SuMIdentity. Below it is a class box labeled <> IMSPublicIdentification. A solid line with an open triangle arrowhead points from IMSPublicIdentification to SuMIdentity. + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from IMSPublicIdentification to SuMIdentity. + +Figure 2g: SuM NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 8 + +![UML class diagram showing inheritance from ServerCapabilities to SuMServiceParameter.](1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class SuMServiceParameter { + <> + SuMServiceParameter + } + class ServerCapabilities { + <> + ServerCapabilities + } + ServerCapabilities --|> SuMServiceParameter +``` + +The diagram illustrates an inheritance hierarchy between two classes. At the top is a class box labeled <> SuMServiceParameter. Below it is another class box labeled <> ServerCapabilities. A vertical line with an open triangle arrowhead points from the ServerCapabilities class to the SuMServiceParameter class, indicating that ServerCapabilities inherits from SuMServiceParameter. Both class boxes are divided into three horizontal compartments, with the top compartment containing the class name and the other two compartments currently empty. + +UML class diagram showing inheritance from ServerCapabilities to SuMServiceParameter. + +Figure 2h: SuM NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 9 + +## 6.3 Information Object Class definitions + +### 6.3.1 SuMService + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +This is an abstract IOC provided for sub-classing only. It provides attribute(s) that are common to Services IOCs. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SuMService** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| theContract | M | M | O | + +### 6.3.2 CSService + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +This class represents a CS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) provided by a service provider + +This class contains the valid parameters that define the CS service from subscription point of view. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Attributes + +##### Attributes of CSService + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| networkAccessMode | M | M | M | +| basicMSISDNIndicator | O | M | M | +| mSISDNAlertIndicator | O | M | M | +| subscriptionRestriction | O | M | M | +| rSZIlists | O | M | M | +| lSAIdentity | O | M | M | +| lSAPriority | O | M | M | +| lSAPreferentialAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAActiveModeSupportIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAOnlyAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAActiveModeIndicator | O | M | M | +| vPLMNIdentifier | O | M | M | +| accessRestrictionData | O | M | M | +| privacyExceptionList | O | M | M | +| gMLCNumbers | O | M | M | +| mOLRList | O | M | M | +| serviceTypes | O | M | M | +| mobileStationCategory | O | M | M | +| lMUIIdentifier | O | M | M | +| subscriberStatus | O | M | M | +| gsmSCFaddresslistForODB | M | M | M | +| provisionOfBearerService | M | M | M | +| provisionOfTeleservice | M | M | M | +| bCAllocation | O | M | M | +| barringOfOutgoingCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfIncomingCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfRoaming | O | M | M | +| barringOfPremiumRateCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfSupplementaryServiceManagement | O | M | M | +| barringOfRegistrationOfCallForwarding | O | M | M | +| barringOfInvocationOfCallTransfer | O | M | M | +| operatorDeterminedBarringPLMNSpecificData | O | M | M | +| vGCSGroupMembershipList | O | M | M | +| vBSGroupMembershipList | O | M | M | +| broadcastCallInitiationAllowedList | O | M | M | +| originatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationOCSI | O | M | M | +| terminatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationTCSI | O | M | M | +| vMSCTerminatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationVTCSI | O | M | M | +| locationInformationSubscriberStateInformation | O | M | M | +| uSSDCAMELSubscriptionInformationUCSI | O | M | M | +| sSInvocationNotificationSSCSI | O | M | M | +| translationInformationFlagTIFCSI | O | M | M | +| dialledServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationDCSI | O | M | M | +| uSSDGeneralCAMELServiceInformationUGCSI | O | M | M | +| shortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMOSMSC SI | O | M | M | +| shortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMTSMSC SI | O | M | M | +| mTSMSCSIVLRNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| gsmSCFaddressforCSI | O | M | M | +| iSTAlertTimer | O | M | M | +| cSAllocationRetentionpriority | O | M | M | +| theCSSupplServiceForCS | M | M | O | +| iCSIIndicator | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.2.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.3 GPRSService + +#### 6.3.3.1 Definition + +This class represents a GPRS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) provided by a service provider + +This class contains the valid parameters that define the GPRS service from subscription point of view. + +#### 6.3.3.2 Attributes + +##### **Attributes of GPRSService** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| networkAccessMode | M | M | M | +| basicMSISDNIndicator | O | M | M | +| mSISDNAlertIndicator | O | M | M | +| rSZIlists | O | M | M | +| lSAIdentity | O | M | M | +| lSAPriority | O | M | M | +| lSAPreferentialAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAActiveModeSupportIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAOnlyAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAActiveModeIndicator | O | M | M | +| vPLMNIdentifier | O | M | M | +| accessRestrictionData | O | M | M | +| privacyExceptionList | O | M | M | +| gMLCNumbers | O | M | M | +| mOLRList | O | M | M | +| serviceTypes | O | M | M | +| gGSNNumber | M | M | M | +| provisionofTeleservice | O | M | M | +| transferofSMoption | M | M | M | +| subscriberStatus | M | M | M | +| barringofPacketOrientedServices | O | M | M | +| pDPType | O | M | M | +| pDPAddress | O | M | M | +| accessPointName | O | M | M | +| vPLMNAddressAllowed | O | M | M | +| qualityofServiceSubscribed | O | M | M | +| pDPContextChargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| gPRSCAMELSubscriptionInformationGPRSCSI | O | M | M | +| mOShortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMOSMSCSI | O | M | M | +| mTShortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMTSMSCSI | O | M | M | +| mOSMSCSISGSNNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| mTSMSCSISGSNNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| mobilityManagementforGPRSeventnotificationMGCSI | O | M | M | +| mGCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| gsmSCFaddressforCSI | O | M | M | +| subscribedChargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| closedSubscriberGroupInformation | O | M | M | +| gSMSCFaddresslistForODB | O | M | M | +| barringOfOutgoingCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfRoaming | O | M | M | +| operatorDeterminedBarringPLMNspectificData | O | M | M | +| stNSR | O | M | M | +| iCSIIndicator | O | M | M | +| listofauthorizedvisitednetworkidentifiers | O | M | M | +| wLANUERemoteIPAddress | O | M | M | +| staticWLANUERemoteIPAddressList | O | M | M | +| w-APNBarringTypeList | O | M | M | +| w-APNChargingDataList | O | M | M | +| accessDependenceFlag | O | M | M | +| chargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| primaryOCSChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryOCSChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| primaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| thePSSupplServiceForPS | M | M | O | +| w-APNIdentifierList | O | M | M | +| maxNumberAccessesList | O | M | M | +| maxSubscribedBandwidth | O | M | M | +| subscribed3GPPWLANQoSProfile | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.3.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (See TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.4 IMSService + +#### 6.3.4.1 Definition + +This class represents a IMS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) provided by a service provider + +This class contains the valid parameters that define the IMS service from subscription point of view. + +#### 6.3.4.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of IMSService** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| listOfAuthorizedvisitednetworkidentifiers | M | M | M | +| registrationStatus | M | M | M | +| sCSCFName | O | M | - | +| diameterClientAddressofSCSCF | O | M | - | +| theServerCapabilities | O | M | - | +| subscribedMediaProfileIdentifier | O | M | M | +| initialFilterCriteriaList | O | M | M | +| applicationServerInformation | O | M | M | +| serviceIndicationList | O | M | - | +| primaryEventChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryEventChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| primaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | M | M | M | +| secondaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| gsmSCFaddressforIMCSI | O | M | M | +| oIMCSI | O | M | M | +| vTIMCSI | O | M | M | +| dIMCS | O | M | M | +| gAAServiceType | O | M | M | +| gAAServiceIdentifier | O | M | M | +| gBAUserSecuritySettings | O | M | M | +| userSecuritySetting | O | M | M | +| userPublicIdentity | O | M | M | +| gAAAuthorizationflag | O | M | M | +| keyLifetime | O | M | M | +| uICCSecurityType | O | M | M | +| nAFGroupIdentity | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.4.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (See TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.5 SuMSubscribedService + +#### 6.3.5.1 Definition + +This is an abstract IOC provided for sub-classing only. It provides attribute(s) that are common to Subscribed Services IOCs. + +#### 6.3.5.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SuMSubscribedService** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| theService | M | M | O | +| theOffer | M | M | O | + +### 6.3.6 CSSubscribedService + +#### 6.3.6.1 Definition + +This class represents subscription to a CS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) for a subscriber. The entire set of CS subscribed services owned by a subscriber constitutes the subscriber's Subscribed Services Profile for CS services. + +This class contains the agreed (between the Subscriber and the Service Provider) parameter settings for a CS service that a Subscriber subscribes to. + +#### 6.3.6.2 Attributes + +##### Attributes of CSSubscribedService + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| networkAccessMode | M | M | M | +| basicMSISDNIndicator | O | M | M | +| mSISDNAlertIndicator | O | M | M | +| subscriptionRestriction | O | M | M | +| rSZIlists | O | M | M | +| lSAIdentity | O | M | M | +| lSAPriority | O | M | M | +| lSAPreferentialAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAActiveModeSupportIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAOnlyAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAActiveModeIndicator | O | M | M | +| vPLMNIdentifier | O | M | M | +| accessRestrictionData | O | M | M | +| privacyExceptionList | O | M | M | +| gMLCNumbers | O | M | M | +| mOLRList | O | M | M | +| serviceTypes | O | M | M | +| mobileStationCategory | O | M | M | +| lMUIIdentifier | O | M | M | +| subscriberStatus | O | M | M | +| gsmSCFaddresslistForODB | M | M | M | +| provisionOfBearerService | M | M | M | +| provisionOfTeleservice | M | M | M | +| bCAllocation | O | M | M | +| barringOfOutgoingCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfIncomingCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfRoaming | O | M | M | +| barringOfPremiumRateCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfSupplementaryServiceManagement | O | M | M | +| barringOfRegistrationOfCallForwarding | O | M | M | +| barringOfInvocationOfCallTransfer | O | M | M | +| operatorDeterminedBarringPLMNsensitiveData | O | M | M | +| vGCSGroupMembershipList | O | M | M | +| vBSGroupMembershipList | O | M | M | +| broadcastCallInitiationAllowedList | O | M | M | +| originatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationOCSI | O | M | M | +| terminatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationTCSI | O | M | M | +| vMSCTerminatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationVTCSI | O | M | M | +| locationInformation/SubscriberStateInformation | O | M | M | +| uSSDCAMELSubscriptionInformationUCSI | O | M | M | +| sSInvocationNotificationSSCSI | O | M | M | +| translationInformationFlagTIFCSI | O | M | M | +| dialledServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationDCSI | O | M | M | +| uSSDGeneralCAMELServiceInformationUGCSI | O | M | M | +| shortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMOSMSCSI | O | M | M | +| shortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMTSMSCSI | O | M | M | +| mTSMSCSIVLRNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| gsmSCFaddressforCSI | O | M | M | +| iSTAlertTimer | O | M | M | +| cSAllocationRetentionpriority | O | M | M | +| theCSSupplServiceForCSSS | M | M | O | +| iCSIIndicator | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.6.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (See TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.7 GPRSSubscribedService + +#### 6.3.7.1 Definition + +This class represents subscription to a GPRS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) for a subscriber. The entire set of GPRS subscribed services owned by a subscriber constitutes the subscriber's Subscribed Services Profile for GPRS services. + +#### 6.3.7.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of GPRSSubscribedService** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| networkAccessMode | M | M | M | +| basicMSISDNIndicator | O | M | M | +| mSISDNAlertIndicator | O | M | M | +| rSZIlists | O | M | M | +| LSAIdentity | O | M | M | +| LSAPriority | O | M | M | +| LSAPreferentialAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| LSAActiveModeSupportIndicator | O | M | M | +| LSAOnlyAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| LSAActiveModeIndicator | O | M | M | +| vPLMNIdentifier | O | M | M | +| accessRestrictionData | O | M | M | +| privacyExceptionList | O | M | M | +| gMLCNumbers | O | M | M | +| mOLRList | O | M | M | +| serviceTypes | O | M | M | +| gGSNNumber | M | M | M | +| provisionofTeleservice | O | M | M | +| transferofSMoption | M | M | M | +| subscriberStatus | M | M | M | +| barringofPacketOrientedServices | O | M | M | +| pDPType | O | M | M | +| pDPAddress | O | M | M | +| accessPointName | O | M | M | +| vPLMNAddressAllowed | O | M | M | +| qualityofServiceSubscribed | O | M | M | +| pDPContextChargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| gPRSCAMELSubscriptionInformationGPRSCSI | O | M | M | +| mOShortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMOSMSCSI | O | M | M | +| mTShortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMTSMSCSI | O | M | M | +| mOSMSCSISGSNNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| mTSMSCSISGSNNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| mobilityManagementforGPRSeventnotificationMGCSI | O | M | M | +| mGCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| gsmSCFaddressforCSI | O | M | M | +| subscribedChargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| closedSubscriberGroupInformation | O | M | M | +| gSMSCFaddresslistForODB | O | M | M | +| barringOfOutgoingCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfRoaming | O | M | M | +| operatorDeterminedBarringPLMNSpecificData | O | M | M | +| stNSR | O | M | M | +| iCSIIndicator | O | M | M | +| listofauthorizedvisitednetworkidentifiers | O | M | M | +| wLANUERemoteIPAddress | O | M | M | +| staticWLANUERemoteIPAddressList | O | M | M | +| w-APNBarringTypeList | O | M | M | +| w-APNChargingDataList | O | M | M | +| accessDependenceFlag | O | M | M | +| | | - | - | +| chargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| primaryOCSChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryOCSChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| primaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| w-APNIIdentifierList | O | M | M | +| maxNumberAccessesList | O | M | M | +| maxSubscribedBandwidth | O | M | M | +| subscribed3GPPWLANQoSProfile | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.7.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.8 IMSSubscribedService + +#### 6.3.8.1 Definition + +This class represents subscription to an IMS (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) service for a subscriber. The entire set of IMS subscribed services owned by a subscriber constitutes the subscriber's Subscribed Services profile for IMS services. + +This class contains the agreed (between the Subscriber and the Service Provider) parameter settings for an IMS service that a Subscriber subscribes to. + +#### 6.3.8.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of IMSSubscribedService** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| listofauthorizedvisitednetworkidentifiers | M | M | M | +| registrationStatus | M | M | M | +| sCSCFName | O | M | - | +| diameterClientAddressofSCSCF | O | M | - | +| theServerCapabilities | O | M | - | +| subscribedMediaProfileIdentifier | O | M | M | +| initialFilterCriteriaList | O | M | M | +| applicationServerInformation | O | M | M | +| serviceIndicationList | O | M | - | +| primaryEventChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryEventChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| primaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | M | M | M | +| secondaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| gsmSCFaddressforIMCSI | O | M | M | +| oIMCSI | O | M | M | +| vTIMCSI | O | M | M | +| dIMCS | O | M | M | +| gAAServiceType | O | M | M | +| gAAServiceIdentifier | O | M | M | +| gBAUserSecuritySettings | O | M | M | +| userSecuritySetting | O | M | M | +| userPublicIdentity | O | M | M | +| gAAAuthorizationflag | O | M | M | +| keyLifetime | O | M | M | +| uICCSecurityType | O | M | M | +| nAFGroupIdentity | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.8.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.9 SuMSubscriberProfile + +#### 6.3.9.1 Definition + +This class represents the Subscriber Profile. + +This class also contains the reference to its aggregated Subscribed Service as well as the users for a subscriber. + +#### 6.3.9.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SuMSubscriberProfile** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| suMSubscriberProfileInfo | M | M | O | +| theUser | M | M | O | +| theSubscribedService | M | M | O | +| theMobileUserData | M | M | O | + +### 6.3.10 Void + +### 6.3.11 SuMServiceProfile + +#### 6.3.11.1 Definition + +This is an abstract IOC provided for sub-classing only. It provides attribute(s) that are common to Service Profiles IOCs. + +#### 6.3.11.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SuMServiceProfile** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| theSpecification | M | M | O | + +### 6.3.12 CSServiceProfile + +#### 6.3.12.1 Definition + +This class represents for a subscribed CS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) the service preferences and settings chosen for a user. + +#### 6.3.12.2 Attributes + +##### **Attributes of CSServiceProfile** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| basicMSISDNIndicator | O | M | M | +| mSISDNAlertIndicator | O | M | M | +| vLRNumber | M | M | - | +| mSCNumber | M | M | - | +| subscriptionRestriction | O | M | M | +| mSCAreaRestrictedFlag | M | M | - | +| oDBinducedBarringData | O | M | - | +| roamingRestrictionDueToUnsupportedFeature | M | M | - | +| lSAIdentity | O | M | M | +| lSAPriority | O | M | M | +| lSAPreferentialAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAActiveModeSupportIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAOnlyAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAActiveModeIndicator | O | M | M | +| vPLMNIdentifier | O | M | M | +| ageIndicator | O | M | - | +| lMSI | M | M | - | +| mobileStationCategory | M | M | M | +| lMUIIdentifier | O | M | M | +| mNRRMSC | M | M | - | +| notificationToCSEFlagForODB | O | M | - | +| gsmSCFaddresslistForODB | O | M | M | +| messagesWaitingData | O | M | - | +| mobileStationNotReachableFlag | O | M | - | +| memoryCapacityExceededFlag | M | M | - | +| traceReference | O | M | - | +| traceType | O | M | - | +| operationsSystemsIdentity | O | M | - | +| hLRTraceType | O | M | - | +| mAPErrorOnTrace | O | M | - | +| traceActivatedInVLR | O | M | - | +| provisionOfBearerService | M | M | M | +| provisionOfTeleservice | M | M | M | +| bCAllocation | O | M | M | +| checkSSIndicator | M | M | - | +| mSPurgedForNonGPRSFlag | M | M | - | +| barringOfIncomingCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfPremiumRateCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfSupplementaryServiceManagement | O | M | M | +| barringOfRegistrationOfCallForwarding | O | M | M | +| barringOfInvocationOfCallTransfer | O | M | M | +| vGCSGroupMembershipList | O | M | M | +| vBSGroupMembershipList | O | M | M | +| broadcastCallInitiationAllowedList | O | M | M | +| originatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationOCSI | O | M | M | +| terminatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationTCSI | O | M | M | +| vMSCTerminatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationVTCI | O | M | M | +| locationInformationSubscriberStateInformation | O | M | M | +| uSSDCAMELSubscriptionInformationUCSI | O | M | M | +| sSInvocationNotificationSSCSI | O | M | M | +| translationInformationFlagTIFCSI | O | M | M | +| dialledServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationDCSI | O | M | M | +| uSSDGeneralCAMELServiceInformationUGCSI | O | M | M | +| oCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | - | +| sSCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | - | +| vTCINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | - | +| shortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMOSMSCSI | O | M | M | +| shortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMTSMSCSI | O | M | M | +| mOSMSCSIVLRNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | - | +| mTSMSCSIVLRNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| mCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | - | +| vLRSupportedCAMELPhases | O | M | - | + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------| +| gsmSCFaddressforCSI | O | M | M | +| vlROfferedCAMEL4CSIs | O | M | - | +| iSTAlertTimer | O | M | M | +| cSAllocationRetentionpriority | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.12.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.13 GPRSServiceProfile + +#### 6.3.13.1 Definition + +This class represents for a subscribed GPRS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) the service preferences and settings chosen for a user. + +#### 6.3.13.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of GPRSServiceProfile** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| basicMSISDNIndicator | O | M | M | +| mSISDNAlertIndicator | O | M | M | +| vLRNumber | M | M | - | +| lSAIdentity | O | M | M | +| lSAPriority | O | M | M | +| lSAPreferentialAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAActiveModeSupportIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAOnlyAccessIndicator | O | M | M | +| lSAActiveModeIndicator | O | M | M | +| vPLMNIdentifier | O | M | M | +| ageIndicator | O | M | - | +| sGSNNumber | M | M | - | +| gGSNNumber | M | M | M | +| mNRG | M | M | - | +| provisionofTeleservice | O | M | M | +| transferofSMoption | M | M | M | +| mSpurgedforGPRSflag | M | M | - | +| pDPType | O | M | M | +| pDPAddress | O | M | M | +| gGSNlist | M | M | - | +| qualityofServiceSubscribed | O | M | M | +| pDPContextIdentifier | O | M | - | +| pDPContextChargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| gPRSCAMELSubscriptionInformationGPRSCSI | O | M | M | +| mOShortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMOSMSCSI | O | M | M | +| mTShortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMTSMSCSI | O | M | M | +| mOSMSCSISGSNNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| mTSMSCSISGSNNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| mobilityManagementforGPRSeventnotificationMGCSI | O | M | M | +| mGCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | M | +| gPRSCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | O | M | - | +| sGSNSupportedCAMELPhases | O | M | - | +| sGSNOfferedCAMEL4CSIs | O | M | - | +| gsmSCFaddressforCSI | O | M | M | +| gSMSCFaddresslistForODB | O | M | M | +| iPSMGWNumber | O | M | - | +| mNRR-SGSN | O | M | - | +| notificationToCSEFlagForODB | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.13.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.14 IMSServiceProfile + +#### 6.3.14.1 Definition + +This class represents for a subscribed IMS (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) service the service preferences and settings chosen for a user. + +This class contains the reference to its aggregated IMS Public Identifications. + +#### 6.3.14.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of IMSServiceProfile** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| listofauthorizedvisitednetworkidentifiers | M | M | M | +| registrationStatus | M | M | M | +| sCSCFName | O | M | - | +| diameterClientAddressofSCSCF | O | M | - | +| theServerCapabilities | O | M | - | +| subscribedMediaProfileIdentifier | O | M | M | +| initialFilterCriteriaList | O | M | M | +| applicationServerInformation | O | M | M | +| serviceIndicationList | O | M | - | +| primaryEventChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryEventChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| primaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | M | M | M | +| secondaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| gsmSCFaddressforIMCSI | O | M | M | +| iMSSFaddressforIMCSI | O | M | - | +| oIMCSI | O | M | M | +| vTIMCSI | O | M | M | +| dIMCS | O | M | M | +| gAAServiceType | O | M | M | +| gAAServiceIdentifier | O | M | M | +| gBAUserSecuritySettings | O | M | M | +| userSecuritySetting | O | M | M | +| userPublicIdentity | O | M | M | +| gAAAuthorizationflag | O | M | M | +| keyLifetime | O | M | M | +| uICCSecurityType | O | M | M | +| nAFGroupIdentity | O | M | M | +| thePublicId | M | M | O | + +#### 6.3.14.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.15 Void + +### 6.3.16 SubscriptionFunction + +#### 6.3.16.1 Definition + +This class represents subscription functionality. + +All managed elements related to the subscription of services have this functionality. + +This class inherits from ManagedFunction (defined in 32.622 [6]). + +This class contains the reference to its aggregated Users. + +This class contains the reference to its aggregated Subscriber Profiles. + +#### 6.3.16.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SubscriptionFunction** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| userLabel | M | M | M | +| theUser | M | M | O | +| theSubscriberProfile | M | M | O | + +### 6.3.17 SuMCSupplService + +#### 6.3.17.1 Definition + +This class represents a Supplementary Service for a CS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) provided by a service provider + +This class contains the valid parameters that define the CS supplementary service from subscription point of view. + +#### 6.3.17.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SuMCSupplService** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| sS-Code | M | M | M | +| provisioningState | M | M | M | +| activationState | M | M | M | +| registrationState | O | M | M | +| overrideCategory | O | M | M | +| cLIRestrictionOption | O | M | M | +| forwarded-toNumber | O | M | M | +| forwarded-toSubaddress | O | M | M | +| noReplyConditionTimer | O | M | M | +| maximumEntitledPriority | O | M | M | +| defaultPriority | O | M | M | +| nbrUser | O | M | M | +| nbrSB | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.17.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.18 SuMGPRSSupplService + +#### 6.3.18.1 Definition + +This class represents a Supplementary Service for a GPRS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) provided by a service provider + +This class contains the valid parameters that define the GPRS supplementary service from subscription point of view. + +#### 6.3.18.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SuMGPRSSupplService** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| ss-Code | M | M | M | +| provisioningState | M | M | M | +| activationState | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.18.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (See TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.19 SuMUser + +#### 6.3.19.1 Definition + +This class represents a User. + +This class contains the valid parameters that define the User from subscription point of view. + +#### 6.3.19.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SuMUser** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| theMobileUserData | M | M | O | +| theSubscriber | O | M | O | +| theCredentials | M | M | O | +| theServiceProfile | M | M | O | +| theIdentity | O | M | O | + +### 6.3.20 SuMCredentials + +#### 6.3.20.1 Definition + +This class represents a User's credentials. + +This class contains the valid parameters that define the credentials from subscription point of view. + +#### 6.3.20.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SuMCredentials** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| thePublicId | M | M | O | +| theServiceProfile | M | M | O | +| IMSPrivateUserIdentity | M | M | M | + +### 6.3.21 IMSPublicIdentification + +#### 6.3.21.1 Definition + +This class represents the IMS Public Identification (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7] and 3GPP TS 29.228 [8]). + +This class contains the valid parameters that define the IMS Public Identification from subscription point of view. + +#### 6.3.21.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of IMSPublicIdentification** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| publicUserIdentity | M | M | M | +| barringIndication | M | M | M | + +### 6.3.22 MobileUserData + +#### 6.3.22.1 Definition + +This class represents user data of a mobile User Equipment + +This class contains the valid parameters that define the user data of the mobile User Equipment from subscription point of view. + +#### 6.3.22.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of MobileUserData** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| theServiceProfile | M | M | O | +| iMSI | M | M | M | +| mSISDN | M | M | M | +| multinumberingMSISDNs | M | M | M | +| iMEISV | O | M | - | + +### 6.3.23 Void + +### 6.3.24 SuMServiceParameter + +#### 6.3.24.1 Definition + +This class represents a structured Service Parameter defined for a service and is an abstract class provided for sub-classing only. + +This class shall be used as a base when having the requirement to provision common shared data referred to by specific SuMSubscribedService or SuMServiceProfile instances. + +#### 6.3.24.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SuMServiceParameter** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | + +### 6.3.25 SuMIdentity + +#### 6.3.25.1 Definition + +This class represents a user related identity, regardless of any type service to be provisioned and is an abstract class provided for sub-classing only. + +This class allows an identity to be used for multiple services. + +#### 6.3.25.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of SuMIdentity** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | + +### 6.3.26 ServerCapabilities + +#### 6.3.26.1 Definition + +This class is used to provision common shared ServerCapabilities data referred by specific SuMSubscribedService or SuMServiceProfile instances. + +This class contains information to assist the I-CSCF in the selection of an S-CSCF for an IMS subscriber or a PSI user. + +#### 6.3.26.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of ServerCapabilities** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| serverCapabilities | M | M | M | + +### 6.3.27 EPSService + +#### 6.3.27.1 Definition + +This class represents an EPS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) provided by a service provider. This class contains the valid parameters that define the EPS service from a subscription point of view. + +#### 6.3.27.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of EPSService** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------| +| accessPointName | O | M | M | +| access Restriction Data | O | M | M | +| aPNAMBR | M | M | M | +| barringOfPacketOrientedServices | O | M | M | +| contextIdentifier | M | M | M | +| operatorDeterminedBarringPLMNs
specificData | O | M | M | +| pDNAddress | O | M | M | +| rSZILists | O | M | M | +| sTNSR | O | M | M | +| subscribedChargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| subscriberStatus | O | M | M | +| networkAccessMode | M | M | M | +| barringOfOutgoingCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfRoaming | O | M | M | +| privacyExceptionList | O | M | M | +| gMLCNumbers | O | M | M | +| mOIRLList | O | M | M | +| serviceTypes | O | M | M | +| iCSIndicator | O | M | M | +| aPNOIReplacement | O | M | M | +| subscribedUEAMBR | M | M | M | +| aPNConfigurationProfile | M | M | M | +| rFSP | O | M | M | +| vPLMNAddressAllowed-EPS | M | M | M | +| pDNGWIdentity | O | M | M | +| ePS PDN Connection Charging Characteristics | O | M | M | +| pDNGW Allocation Type | M | M | M | +| aPNLevelAPNOIReplacement | O | M | M | +| closedSubscriberGroupInformation | O | M | M | +| list of authorized visited network identifiers | O | M | M | +| static WLAN UE Remote IP Address List | O | M | M | +| w-APNBarringTypeList | O | M | M | +| w-APNChargingDataList | O | M | M | +| wLANUE Remote IP Address | O | M | M | +| accessDependenceFlag | O | M | M | +| chargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| primaryOCSChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryOCSChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| primaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| w-APNIdentifierList | O | M | M | +| maxNumberAccessesList | O | M | M | +| maxSubscribedBandwidth | O | M | M | +| subscribed3GPPWLANQoSProfile | O | M | M | +| permanentUserIdentity | O | M | M | +| mIPSSubscriberProfile | O | M | M | +| accessRestrictionData | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.27.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (See TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.28 EPSSubscribedService + +#### 6.3.28.1 Definition + +This class represents subscription to an EPS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) for a subscriber. The entire set of EPS subscribed services owned by a subscriber constitutes the subscriber's Subscribed Services Profile for EPS services. + +This class contains the agreed (between the Subscriber and the Service Provider) parameter settings for an EPS service that a Subscriber subscribes to. + +#### 6.3.28.2 Attributes + +##### Attributes of EPSSubscribedService + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| accessPointName | O | M | M | +| access Restriction Data | O | M | M | +| aPNAMBR | M | M | M | +| barringOfPacketOrientedServices | O | M | M | +| contextIdentifier | M | M | M | +| operatorDeterminedBarringPLMNsSpecificData | O | M | M | +| pDNAAddress | O | M | M | +| rSZILists | O | M | M | +| sTNSR | O | M | M | +| subscribedChargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| subscriberStatus | O | M | M | +| networkAccessMode | M | M | M | +| barringOfOutgoingCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfRoaming | O | M | M | +| privacyExceptionList | O | M | M | +| gMLCNumbers | O | M | M | +| mOIRLList | O | M | M | +| serviceTypes | O | M | M | +| iCSIndicator | O | M | M | +| aPNOIReplacement | O | M | M | +| subscribedUEAMBR | M | M | M | +| aPNConfigurationProfile | M | M | M | +| rFSP | O | M | M | +| vPLMNAddressAllowed-EPS | M | M | M | +| pDNGWIdentity | O | M | M | +| ePS PDN Connection Charging Characteristics | O | M | M | +| pDNGWAllocationType | M | M | M | +| aPNLevelAPNOIReplacement | O | M | M | +| closedSubscriberGroupInformation | O | M | M | +| List of authorized visited network identifiers | O | M | M | +| wLANUERemoteIPAddress | O | M | M | +| staticWLANUERemoteIPAddressList | O | M | M | +| w-APNBarringTypeList | O | M | M | +| w-APNChargingDataList | O | M | M | +| accessDependenceFlag | O | M | M | +| chargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| primaryOCSChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryOCSChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| primaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| w-APNIdentifierList | O | M | M | +| maxNumberAccessesList | O | M | M | +| maxSubscribedBandwidth | O | M | M | +| subscribed3GPPWLANQoSProfile | O | M | M | +| permanentUserIdentity | O | M | M | +| mIPSSubscriberProfile | O | M | M | +| accessRestrictionData | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.28.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (See TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.29 EPSServiceProfile + +#### 6.3.29.1 Definition + +This class represents for a subscribed EPS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) the service preferences and settings chosen for a user. + +#### 6.3.29.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of EPSServiceProfile** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| aPNAMBR | M | M | M | +| contextIdentifier | M | M | M | +| pDNAddress | O | M | M | +| aPNOIReplacement | O | M | M | +| subscribedUEAMBR | M | M | M | +| aPNConfigurationProfile | M | M | M | +| rFSP | O | M | M | +| pDNGWIdentity | O | M | M | +| ePSPDNConnectionChargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| vPLMNAddressAllowed-EPS | M | M | M | +| pDNGWAllocationType | M | M | M | +| aPNLevelAPNOIReplacement | O | M | M | +| roamingRestrictionDueToUnsupportedFeatureMME | M | M | - | +| roamingRestrictionDueToUnsupportedFeatureSGSN | M | M | - | +| mSPurgedForEPSFlag | M | M | - | +| uRRPMME | O | M | - | +| mMENAME | M | M | - | +| sGSNName | M | M | - | +| iWFNumber | O | M | - | +| sGSNAreaRestrictedFlag | M | M | - | +| theOptHandover3GPP2Par | M | M | O | +| theNon3GPPAccessPar | M | M | O | +| thePSCommonPar | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.29.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.30 PSCommonServiceProfile + +#### 6.3.30.1 Definition + +This is an abstract IOC provided for sub-classing only. It provides attribute(s) that are common to PS Service Profile IOCs (Regarding GPRS or EPS service, please see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]). + +#### 6.3.30.2 Attributes + +##### Attributes of PSCommonServiceProfile + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| roamingRestrictedintheSGSNdue to unsupported feature | M | M | - | +| barring of Packet Oriented Services | O | M | M | +| iPAddressOfTraceCollectionEntity | O | M | - | +| accessPointName | O | M | M | +| subscribedChargingCharacteristics | O | M | M | +| sTNSR | O | M | M | +| closedSubscriberGroupInformation | O | M | M | +| theIWANPar | M | M | O | + +#### 6.3.30.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.31 IWANParameters + +#### 6.3.31.1 Definition + +This class represents for a subscribed GPRS or EPS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) the service preferences and settings chosen for a user that are relevant to IWAN services. + +#### 6.3.31.2 Attributes + +##### Attributes of IWANParameters + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| w-APN | O | M | - | +| list of authorized visited network identifiers | O | M | M | +| 3GPPAAAAServerName | O | M | - | +| 3GPPAAProxyName | O | M | - | +| wLANUERemoteIPAddress | O | M | M | +| staticWLANUERemoteIPAddressList | O | M | M | +| w-APNBarringTypeList | O | M | M | +| w-APNChargingDataList | O | M | M | +| accessDependenceFlag | O | M | M | +| i-WLANAccessType | O | M | - | +| wLANIdentifierList | O | M | M | +| maxNumberAccessesList | O | M | M | +| maxSubscribedBandwidth | O | M | M | +| subscribed3GPPWLANQoSProfile | O | M | M | +| chargingCharacteristics | M | M | M | +| primaryOCSChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryOCSChargingFunctionName | O | M | M | +| primaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| secondaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | O | M | M | +| userStatus | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.31.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.32 OptHandover3GPP2Parameters + +#### 6.3.32.1 Definition + +This class represents for a subscribed EPS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) the service preferences and settings chosen for a user that are relevant to the optimization of handover to a 3GPP2 network. + +#### 6.3.32.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of OptHandover3GPP2Parameters** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| rATType | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.32.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.33 Non3GPPAccessParameters + +#### 6.3.33.1 Definition + +This class represents for a subscribed EPS service (see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]) the service preferences and settings chosen for a user that are relevant to use of an non-3GPP access network. + +#### 6.3.33.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of NonGPPAccessParameters** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| rATType | O | M | - | +| visitedNetworkIdentifier | O | M | - | +| mIPSubscriberProfile | M | M | M | +| permanentUserIdentity | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.33.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +### 6.3.34 Common3GPPAccessServiceProfile + +#### 6.3.34.1 Definition + +This is an abstract IOC provided for sub-classing only. It provides attribute(s) that are common to CS/PS Service Profile IOCs (Regarding CS, GPRS or EPS service, please see 3GPP TS 23.008 [7]). + +#### 6.3.34.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of Common3GPPAccessServiceProfile** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| rSZLists | O | M | M | +| accessRestrictionData | O | M | M | +| subscriberStatus | O | M | M | +| barringOfOutgoingCalls | O | M | M | +| barringOfRoaming | O | M | M | +| operatorDeterminedBarringPLMNSpecificData | O | M | M | +| traceReference2 | O | M | - | +| traceDepth | O | M | - | +| listOfNETypestoTrace | O | M | - | +| triggeringEvents | O | M | - | +| listOfInterfacesToTrace | O | M | - | +| privacyExceptionList | O | M | M | +| gMLCNumbers | O | M | M | +| iCSIndicator | O | M | M | +| mOLRLList | O | M | M | +| serviceTypes | O | M | M | +| networkAccessMode | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.34.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attributes shall be supported for the following criteria: The NE supports the parameter (see TS 23.008 [7]). + +## 6.4 Information relationship definitions + +### 6.4.1 agreement + +#### 6.4.1.1 Definition + +This represents the agreement relationship between `SuMService` and `SuMSubscribedService`. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theContract | The SuMSubscribedService represents an agreed contract for a SuMService . | +| theOffer | The SuMService represents an offer of an agreement to a SuMSubscribedService . | + +#### 6.4.1.3 Constraints + +The relationship is between a service and a subscription to the same type of service (for example between `CSService` and `CSSubscribedService`). + +### 6.4.2 description + +#### 6.4.2.1 Definition + +This represents the content description relationship between `SuMSubscribedService` and `SuMServiceProfile`. + +#### 6.4.2.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theSpecification | SuMSubscribedService acts as the specification for the description of SuMServiceProfile . | +| theService | SuMServiceProfile acts as the service specified in the description. | + +#### 6.4.2.3 Constraints + +The relationship is between a subscribed service and a service profile of the same type of service (for example between `CSSubscribedService` and `CSServiceProfile`). + +### 6.4.3 userSubscriberRelation + +#### 6.4.3.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between `SuMUser` and `SuMSubscriberProfile`. This relationship is optional. + +#### 6.4.3.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------| +| theUser | Represents the User to which the Subscriber links. | +| theSubscriber | Represents the Subscriber to which the User links. | + +### 6.4.4 relatedMobileUserData + +#### 6.4.4.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between `SuMUser` and `MobileUserData`. + +#### 6.4.4.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theMobileUserData | Represents the user data of the mobile User Equipment being used. | + +### 6.4.5 relatedServiceProfile + +#### 6.4.5.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between MobileUserData and SuMServiceProfile. + +#### 6.4.5.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theServiceProfile | Represents the Service Profile to which the user data of the mobile User Equipment links. | + +### 6.4.6 relatedIMSServiceProfile + +#### 6.4.6.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between SuMCredentials and IMSServiceProfile. + +#### 6.4.6.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theServiceProfile | Represents the IMS Service Profile to which IMS Private User Identity links. | + +#### 6.4.6.3 Constraints + +- 1) This relationship is Conditional Mandatory. The condition is that no instances of relatedIMSPublicId are present for the same object instance of SuMCredentials. +- 2) All instances of this relationship from the same object instance of SuMCredentials shall be to object instances of IMSServiceProfile that are + - i) name-contained by the same object instance of SuMUser as name-contains the SuMCredentials object instance, and + - ii) associated (through the description relationship to SuMSubscribedService name-contained by SuMSubscriberProfile) to a single object instance of SuMSubscriberProfile. + +### 6.4.7 relatedIMSPublicId + +#### 6.4.7.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between SuMCredentials and IMSPublicIdentification. + +#### 6.4.7.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| thePublicId | Represents the IMS Public Identification to which IMS Private User Identity links. | + +#### 6.4.7.3 Constraints + +- 1) This relationship is Conditional Mandatory. The condition is that no instances of `relatedIMSServiceProfile` are present for the same object instance of `SuMCredentials`. +- 2) All instances of this relationship from the same object instance of `SuMCredentials` shall be to object instances of `IMSPublicIdentification` that are name-contained by object instances of `IMSServiceProfile` that are + - i) name-contained by the same object instance of `SuMUser` as name-contains the `SuMCredentials` object instance, and + - ii) associated (through the description relationship to `SuMSubscribedService` name-contained by `SuMSubscriberProfile`) to a single object instance of `SuMSubscriberProfile`. + +## 6.5 Information attribute definitions + +### 6.5.1 Definitions and legal values + +The following table defines the attributes that are present in several IOCs of the present document. + +#### **Attributes** + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| id | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the SuM information object class. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| suMSubscriberProfileInfo | A description of (information for) the Subscriber Profile. It is with free structure and format. | | +| userLabel | A user-friendly (and user assigned) name of the associated object. IOCs inheriting from ManagedFunction will have this attribute. Other IOCs may have it as well, if explicitly defined for them. | | +| theContract | Models the agreement relationship to a subscribed service. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the related SuMSubscribedService instance(s). | | +| theOffer | Models the agreement relationship to a service. This attribute contains the DN of the related SuMService instance. | | +| theService | Models the description relationship to a service profile. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the related SuMServiceProfile instance(s). | | +| theSpecification | Models the description relationship to a subscribed service. An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as DN when referencing an instance of the SuMSubscribedService object class. | | +| thePublicId | Models the relatedIMSPublicId relationship from a user's credentials to the IMS Public Identification. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the related IMSPublicIdentification instance(s). | | +| theMobileUserData | Models the relatedMobileUserData relationship from a user to the user data of a mobile User Equipment. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the related MobileUserData instance(s). | | +| theServiceProfile | Models the relatedServiceProfile relationship from the user data of a mobile User Equipment to a service profile or from a user's credentials to an IMS service profile. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the related SuMServiceProfile derived instance(s). | | +| theSubscriber | Models the userSubscriberRelation relationship from a user to a subscriber. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the related SuMSubscriberProfile instance(s). | | +| theUser | Models the userSubscriberRelation relationship from a subscriber to a user. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the related SuMUser instance(s). | | +| theCSSupplServiceForCS | Models the relationship from a CS service to a CS supplement service. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMCSSupplService instance(s). | | +| thePSSupplServiceForPS | Models the relationship from a PS service to a PS supplement service. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMPSSupplService instance(s). | | +| theCSSupplServiceForCSSS | Models the relationship from a CS subscribed service to a CS supplement service. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMCSSupplService instance(s). | | +| thePSSupplServiceForPSSS | Models the relationship from a PS subscribed service to a PS supplement service. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMPSSupplService instance(s). | | +| theCSSupplServiceForCSSP | Models the relationship from a CS service profile to a CS supplement service. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMCSSupplService instance(s). | | +| thePSSupplServiceForPSSP | Models the relationship from a PS service profile to a PS supplement service. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMPSSupplService instance(s). | | +| theSubscribedService | Models the relationship from a subscriber profile to a subscribed service. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMSubscribedService derived instance(s). | | +| thePublicId | Models the relationship from an IMS service profile to a public identification. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated IMSPublicIdentification instance(s). | | +| theUser | Models the relationship from a Subscription Function to a user. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMUser instance(s). | | +| theSubscriberProfile | Models the relationship from a Subscription Function to a subscriber profile. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMSubscriberProfile instance(s). | | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| theCredentials | Models the relationship from a user to a credential. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMCredentials instance(s). | | +| theServiceProfile | Models the relationship from a user to a service profile. This attribute contains a list of the DN(s) of the aggregated SuMServiceProfile instance(s). | | +| theIdentity | Models the relationship from a user to an identity. This attribute contains a list of DN(s) of the related SuMIdentity instance(s). | | +| theServerCapabilities | Models the relationship from a SuM IOC object instance (E.g., IMSService, IMSSubscribedService, IMSServiceProfile) to a Server Capabilities object instance. | | +| theIWANPar | Models the relationship between the common packet access service parameters and the I-WAN service parameters. This attribute contains the DN of the related IWANParameters instance. | | +| theOptHandover3GPP2Par | Models the relationship between the EPS service profile when designed for optimal handover to a 3GPP2 access network. This attribute contains the DN of the related OptHandover3GPP2Parameters instance. | | +| theNon3GPPAccessPar | Models the relationship between the EPS service profile and another set of service parameters needed to when access is via a non 3GPP network. This attribute contains the DN of the related Non3GPPAccessParameters instance. | | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|---------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|--------------| +| iMSI | 23.008 clause 2.1.1.1 | | +| networkAccessMode | 23.008 clause 2.1.1.2 | | +| mSISDN | 23.008 clause 2.1.2 | | +| multinumberingMSISDNs | 23.008 clause 2.1.3 | | +| basicMSISDNIndicator | 23.008 clause 2.1.3.1 | | +| mSISDNAlertIndicator | 23.008 clause 2.1.3.2 | | +| lMSI | 23.008 clause 2.1.8 | | +| mobileStationCategory | 23.008 clause 2.2.1 | | +| lMUIIdentifier | 23.008 clause 2.2.2 | | +| iMEISV | 23.008 clause 2.2.3 | | +| subscriptionRestriction | 23.008 clause 2.4.10 | | +| rSZIlists | 23.008 clause 2.4.11.1 | | +| mSCAreaRestrictedFlag | 23.008 clause 2.4.12 | | +| sGSNarearestrictedflag | 23.008 clause 2.4.14 | | +| oDBinducedBarringData | 23.008 clause 2.4.15.1 | | +| roamingRestrictionDueToUnsupportedFeature | 23.008 clause 2.4.15.2 | | +| roamingRestrictedintheSGSNduetounsupportedfeature | 23.008 clause 2.4.15.3 | | +| lSAIdentity | 23.008 clause 2.4.17.1 | | +| lSAPriority | 23.008 clause 2.4.17.2 | | +| lSAPreferentialAccessIndicator | 23.008 clause 2.4.17.2A | | +| lSAAActiveModeSupportIndicator | 23.008 clause 2.4.17.2B | | +| lSAOnlyAccessIndicator | 23.008 clause 2.4.17.3 | | +| lSAAActiveModeIndicator | 23.008 clause 2.4.17.4 | | +| vPLMNIdentifier | 23.008 clause 2.4.17.5 | | +| accessRestrictionData | 23.008 clause 2.4.18 | | +| vLRNumber | 23.008 clause 2.4.5 | | +| mSCNumber | 23.008 clause 2.4.6 | | +| sGSNNumber | 23.008 clause 2.4.8.1 | | +| gGSNNumber | 23.008 clause 2.4.8.2 | | +| provisionOfBearerService | 23.008 clause 2.5.1 | | +| provisionOfTeleservice | 23.008 clause 2.5.2 | | +| bCALlocation | 23.008 clause 2.5.3 | | +| transferofSMoption | 23.008 clause 2.5.4 | | +| mNRG | 23.008 clause 2.7.2 | | +| checkSSIndicator | 23.008 clause 2.7.4.4 | | +| mSPurgedForNonGPRSFlag | 23.008 clause 2.7.5 | | +| mSpurgedforGPRSflag | 23.008 clause 2.7.6 | | +| mNRRMSC | 23.008 clause 2.7.7 | | +| subscriberStatus | 23.008 clause 2.8.1 | | +| barringOfOutgoingCalls | 23.008 clause 2.8.2.1 | | +| barringOfIncomingCalls | 23.008 clause 2.8.2.2 | | +| barringOfRoaming | 23.008 clause 2.8.2.3 | | +| barringOfPremiumRateCalls | 23.008 clause 2.8.2.4 | | +| barringOfSupplementaryServiceManagement | 23.008 clause 2.8.2.5 | | +| barringOfRegistrationOfCallForwarding | 23.008 clause 2.8.2.6 | | +| barringOfInvocationOfCallTransfer | 23.008 clause 2.8.2.7 | | +| barringofPacketOrientedServices | 23.008 clause 2.8.2.8 | | +| operatorDeterminedBarringPLMNSpecificData | 23.008 clause 2.8.3 | | +| notificationToCSEFlagForODB | 23.008 clause 2.8.4 | | +| gsmSCFaddresslistForODB | 23.008 clause 2.8.5 | | +| messagesWaitingData | 23.008 clause 2.10.1 | | +| mobileStationNotReachableFlag | 23.008 clause 2.10.2 | | +| memoryCapacityExceededFlag | 23.008 clause 2.10.3 | | +| traceReference | 23.008 clause 2.11.1 | | +| traceType | 23.008 clause 2.11.2 | | +| operationsSystemsIdentity | 23.008 clause 2.11.3 | | +| hLRTraceType | 23.008 clause 2.11.4 | | +| mAPErrorOnTrace | 23.008 clause 2.11.5 | | +| traceActivatedInVLR | 23.008 clause 2.11.6 | | +| traceActivatedinSGSN | 23.008 clause 2.11.7 | | +| vGCSGroupMembershipList | 23.008 clause 2.12.1 | | +| vBSGroupMembershipList | 23.008 clause 2.12.2 | | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|-----------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| broadcastCallInitiationAllowedList | 23.008 clause 2.12.2.1 | | +| pDPType | 23.008 clause 2.13.1 | | +| gGSNlist | 23.008 clause 2.13.11 | | +| qualityofServiceSubscribed | 23.008 clause 2.13.12 | | +| pDPAddress | 23.008 clause 2.13.2 | | +| pDPContextIdentifier | 23.008 clause 2.13.24 | | +| pDPContextChargingCharacteristics | 23.008 clause 2.13.25 | | +| accessPointName | 23.008 clause 2.13.6 | | +| vPLMNAddressAllowed | 23.008 clause 2.13.8 | | +| vPLMNAddressAllowed-EPS | 23.008 clause 2.13.40 | | +| originatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationOCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.1/3.1 | | +| gPRSCAMELSubscriptionInformationGPRSCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.10/2.14.4.4 | | +| dialledServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationDCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.11/3.7 | | +| mobilityManagementforGPRSeventnotificationMGCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.12/2.14.4.4 | | +| terminatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationTCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.2 | | +| vMSCTerminatingCAMELSubscriptionInformationVTCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.2/3.2 | | +| locationInformationSubscriberStateInformation | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.3 | | +| uSSDCAMELSubscriptionInformationUCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.4 | | +| sSInvocationNotificationSSCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.5/3.2 | | +| translationInformationFlagTIFCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.6/3.6 | | +| shortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMOSMSCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.8/2.14.3.5 | | +| mOShortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMOSMSCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.8/2.14.4.1 | | +| shortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMTSMSCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.9/2.14.3.6 | | +| mTShortMessageServiceCAMELSubscriptionInformationMTSMSCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.1.9/2.14.4.2 | | +| gPRSCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.1 | | +| mCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.1 | | +| mGCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.1 | | +| mOSMSCSISGSNNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.1 | | +| mOSMSCSIVLRNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.1 | | +| mTSMSCSISGSNNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.1 | | +| mTSMSCSIVLRNegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.1 | | +| oCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.1 | | +| sCSINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.1 | | +| vTCsINegotiatedCAMELCapabilityHandling | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.1 | | +| SGSNOfferedCAMEL4CSIs | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.2A | | +| vLROfferedCAMEL4CSIs | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.2A | | +| sGSNSupportedCAMELPhases | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.2 | | +| vLRSupportedCAMELPhases | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.2 | | +| gsmSCFaddressforCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.4 | | +| uSSDGeneralCAMELServiceInformationUGCSI | 23.008 clause 2.14.2.3 | | +| iSTAlertTimer | 23.008 clause 2.15.1 | | +| privacyExceptionList | 23.008 clause 2.16.1.1 | | +| gMLCNumbers | 23.008 clause 2.16.1.2 | | +| mOLRList | 23.008 clause 2.16.1.3 | | +| serviceTypes | 23.008 clause 2.16.1.4 | | +| ageIndicator | 23.008 clause 2.17.1 | | +| cSAllocationRetentionpriority | 23.008 clause 2.18.1 | | +| subscribedChargingCharacteristics | 23.008 clause 2.19.1 | | +| iMSPPrivateUserIdentity | 23.008 clause 3.1.1 | | +| publicUserIdentity | 23.008 clause 3.1.2 | | +| barringIndication | 23.008 clause 3.1.3 | | +| listofauthorizedvisitednetworkidentifiers | 23.008 clause 3.1.4
23.008 clause 3B.1.4 | | +| registrationStatus | 23.008 clause 3.2.1 | | +| sCSCFName | 23.008 clause 3.2.2 | | +| diameterClientAddressofSCSCF | 23.008 clause 3.2.3 | | +| serverCapabilities | 23.008 clause 3.4.1 | | +| initialFilterCriteriaList | This attribute is a list which contains multiple items of initialFilterCriteria (Ref. 23.008 clause 3.5.2) | | +| applicationServerInformation | 23.008 clause 3.5.3 | | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|-----------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| serviceIndicationList | This attribute is a list which contains multiple items of serviceIndication (Ref. 23.008 clause 3.5.4) | | +| subscribedMediaProfileIdentifier | 23.008 clause 3.6.1 | | +| primaryEventChargingFunctionName | 23.008 clause 3.7.1
23.008 clause 3B.7.4 | | +| secondaryEventChargingFunctionName | 23.008 clause 3.7.2
23.008 clause 3B.7.5 | | +| primaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | 23.008 clause 3.7.3 | | +| secondaryChargingCollectionFunctionName | 23.008 clause 3.7.4 | | +| gsmSCFaddressforIMCSI | 23.008 clause 3.8.4 | | +| iMSSFaddressforIMCSI | 23.008 clause 3.8.5 | | +| oIMCSI | 23.008 clause 3.8.1 | | +| vTIMCSI | 23.008 clause 3.8.2 | | +| dIMCS | 23.008 clause 3.8.3 | | +| gAAServiceType | 23.008 clause 3A.1 | | +| gAAServiceIdentifier | 23.008 clause 3A.2 | | +| gBAUserSecuritySettings | 23.008 clause 3A.3 | | +| userSecuritySetting | 23.008 clause 3A.4 | | +| userPublicIdentity | 23.008 clause 3A.5 | | +| gAAAuthorizationflag | 23.008 clause 3A.6 | | +| keyLifetime | 23.008 clause 3A.8 | | +| uICCSecuritySetting | 23.008 clause 3A.9 | | +| nAFGroupIdentity | 23.008 clause 3A.11 | | +| w-APN | 23.008 clause 3B.1.3 | | +| 3GPPAAAServerName | 23.008 clause 3B.1.6 | | +| wLANUERemoteIPaddress | 23.008 clause 3B.1.10 | | +| staticWLANUERemoteIPaddressList | 23.008 clause 3B.5.1.4 | | +| w-APNBarringTypeList | 23.008 clause 3B.5.1.2 | | +| w-APNChargingDataList | 23.008 clause 3B.5.1.3 | | +| accessDependenceFlag | 23.008 clause 3B.5.2 | | +| i-WLANAccessType | 23.008 clause 3B.5.3 | | +| chargingCharacteristics | 23.008 clause 3B.7.1.1 | | +| primaryOCSChargingFunctionName | 23.008 clause 3B.7.2 | | +| secondaryOCSChargingFunctionName | 23.008 clause 3B.7.3 | | +| sS-Code | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.1 | | +| provisioningState | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.2 | | +| activationState | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.2 | | +| registrationState | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.2 | | +| overrideCategory | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.4 | | +| cLIRestrictionOption | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.5 | | +| forwarded-toNumber | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.2.22 | | +| forwarded-toSubaddress | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.2.23 | | +| noReplyConditionTimer | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.7 | | +| maximumEntitledPriority | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.41 | | +| defaultPriority | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.41 | | +| nbrUser | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.47 | | +| nbrSB | 23.008 clause 2.6
29.002 clause 7.6.4.47 | | +| TraceReference2 | 23.008 Clause 2.11.9 | | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|----------------------------------------------|-------------------------|--------------| +| TraceDepth | 23.008 Clause 2.11.10 | | +| ListofNeTypestoTrace | 23.008 Clause 2.11.11 | | +| TriggeringEvents | 23.008 Clause 2.11.12 | | +| ListofInterfacestoTrace | 23.008 Clause 2.11.13 | | +| iCSIIndicator | 23.008 Clause 2.20.1 | | +| iCSIIndicator | 23.008 Clause 2.20.1 | | +| sTNSR | 23.008 Clause 2.21.1 | | +| 3GPPAAProxyName | 23.008 Clause 3B.1.5 | | +| w-APNIdentifierList | 23.008 Clause 3B.5.1.1 | | +| maxNumberAccessesList | 23.008 Clause 3B.5.1.5 | | +| maxSubscribedBandwidth | 23.008 Clause 3B.6.1 | | +| subscribed3GPPWLANQoSProfile | 23.008 Clause 3B.6.4 | | +| userStatus | 23.008 Clause 3B.2.1 | | +| rATType | 23.008 Clause 2.13.75 | | +| iPAddressOfTraceCollectionEntity | 23.008 Clause 2.11.14 | | +| aPNConfigurationProfile | 23.008 Clause 2.13.31 | | +| pDNAddress | 23.008 Clause 2.13.39 | | +| permanentUserIdentity | 23.008 Clause 2.13.79 | | +| visitedNetworkIdentifier | 23.008 Clause 2.13.82 | | +| mIPSSubscriberProfile | 23.008 Clause 2.13.86 | | +| aPNAMBR | 23.008 Clause 2.13.32 | | +| contextIdentifier | 23.008 Clause 2.13.38 | | +| aPNOIReplacement | 23.008 Clause 2.13.29 | | +| subscribedUEAMBR | 23.008 Clause 2.13.30 | | +| rFSP | 23.008 Clause 2.13.33 | | +| pDNGWIdentity | 23.008 Clause 2.13.41 | | +| ePSPDNConnectionChargingCharacteristics | 23.008 Clause 2.13.71 | | +| pDNGWAllocationType | 23.008 Clause 2.13.105 | | +| aPNLevelAPNOIReplacement | 23.008 Clause 2.13.109 | | +| closedSubscriberGroupInformation | 23.008 Clause 2.4.22 | | +| roamingRestrictionDueToUnsupportedFeatureMME | 23.008 Clause 2.4.15.3a | | +| mSPurgedForEPSFlag | 23.008 Clause 2.7.6A | | +| uRRPMME | 23.008 Clause 2.7.9.1 | | +| mMEName | 23.008 Clause 2.13.26 | | +| sGSNName | 23.008 Clause 2.13.100 | | +| iWFNumber | 23.008 Clause 2.4.8.3 | | + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|--------|-----------|-------|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Dec 2003 | SA_2 2 | SP-030617 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#22 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Sep 2004 | SA_2 5 | SP-040546 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#25 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | | +| Dec 2004 | SA_2 6 | SP-040830 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#26 for Approval | -- | 2.7.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SA_2 7 | SP-050024 | 000 1 | -- | Add Generic Authentication Architecture (GAA) attributes – Align with CN4's 23.008 (Organisation of subscriber data) | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SA_2 7 | SP-050024 | 000 2 | -- | Add Interworking WLAN (I-WLAN) parameters – Align with CN4's 23.008 (Organisation of subscriber data) | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SA_2 7 | SP-050024 | 000 3 | -- | Add Supplementary Service attributes – Align with CN4's 23.008 (Organisation of subscriber data) | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Jun 2005 | SA_2 8 | SP-050269 | 000 4 | -- | Add Rel-6 trace parameters to SuM - align with CT4's TS 23.008 (Organisation of subscriber data) | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Mar 2006 | SA_3 1 | SP-060092 | 000 5 | -- | Remove duplicate attributes in the Information Service (IS) | F | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_3 6 | SP-070269 | 000 6 | -- | Add definition of missing attributes | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_3 6 | SP-070269 | 000 7 | -- | Add missing inheritance definitions | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_3 6 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. | -- | 6.4.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Sep 2007 | SA_3 7 | SP-070607 | 000 9 | -- | Add missing subscriberStatus attribute to PS object class - Align with CT4's 23.008 (Organisation of subscriber data) | A | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Sep 2007 | SA_3 7 | SP-070614 | 001 1 | -- | Update information attribute definitions - Align with CT4 23.008 and 29.002 | F | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Sep 2007 | SA_3 7 | SP-070614 | 001 2 | -- | Changes to modelling of User | C | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SA_4 5 | SP-090534 | 001 3 | -- | Correction of SuMSubscriptionProfile and suMSubscriptionProfileId | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | - | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA_4 7 | SP-100035 | 001 4 | - | Aligning SuM with the agreed methodology for attribute name in release 9 | F | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA_4 7 | SP-100035 | 001 5 | - | The splitting of naming and containment | C | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA_4 7 | SP-100035 | 001 6 | - | Adding missing IMS related parameters | F | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA_4 7 | SP-100035 | 001 7 | - | Removing Visibility column in SuM IS | F | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA_4 7 | SP-100035 | 001 8 | - | Remove misleading text | F | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA_4 7 | SP-100035 | 001 9 | - | Correcting CS Service Profile parameters | F | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA_4 7 | SP-100035 | 002 0 | - | Introducing new IOCs for common data and user identity parameters | C | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Apr 2010 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Removal of erroneous hyperlinks | - | 9.1.0 | 9.1.1 | +| Jun 2010 | SA_4 8 | SP-100263 | 001 1 | -- | Correcting and extending Packet Access service parameters and modeling | C | 9.1.1 | 9.2.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SA_4 9 | SP-100494 | 002 2 | -- | SuM IS - removing some SuM IOCs from Itf-N | C | 9.2.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SA_5 0 | SP-100755 | 002 5 | -- | Correcting errors from release 9.X.0 and undoing error introduced by 32172_CR0022 (Rel-10) S5-102471 | F | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SA_5 1 | SP-110104 | 002 6 | 1 | Improve Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP) access service modelling | C | 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4.2 Requirements coming from other Specifications ..... | 8 | +| 4.3 Overview of UDC Data and Information Models..... | 8 | +| 5 UDC information model infrastructure..... | 10 | +| 5.1 Common Baseline Information Model (CBIM)..... | 10 | +| 5.2 Application Information Models (AIM) ..... | 10 | +| 5.3 Specialised Information Model (SpIM) ..... | 11 | +| 6 UDC information model handling ..... | 11 | +| 6.1 General ..... | 11 | +| 6.2 Initial SpIM Creation from CBIM ..... | 13 | +| 6.3 AIM Integration into SpIM ..... | 13 | +| 6.4 Consolidation of User Data in the SpIM..... | 13 | +| 6.5.1 Example of consolidation of data in the SpIM using aggregation ..... | 13 | +| 6.5.2 Example of specialization for authentication methods..... | 14 | +| 6.5.3.1 AkaUsim..... | 15 | +| 6.5.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 15 | +| 6.5.3.2 CsAka..... | 15 | +| 6.5.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 15 | +| 6.5.3.3 GPRSAka..... | 15 | +| 6.5.3.3.1 Definition ..... | 15 | +| 6.5.3.4 EpsAka..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.4.1 Definition ..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.5 ImsAkaIsim..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.5.1 Definition ..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.6 ImsAka..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.6.1 Definition ..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.7 ImsAkaUsimIsim..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.7.1 Definition ..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.8 GPRSImdBundled..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.8.1 Definition ..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.9 NassImdBundled..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.9.1 Definition ..... | 16 | +| 6.5.3.10 SipDigest..... | 17 | +| 6.5.3.10.1 Definition ..... | 17 | +| 6.5 Construction of AIM..... | 17 | +| 7 Application management ..... | 17 | +| 7.1 Application Access Control Data..... | 17 | +| 7.2 Application Data Model and Mapping to Consolidated Data Model..... | 17 | +| 7.2.1 Application Data Views ..... | 17 | +| 7.3 Subscription and Notification Related Data..... | 19 | +| 8 Consolidated data model management ..... | 20 | +| 8.1 Lifecycle Management of the Consolidated Data Model in the UDR ..... | 20 | +| 8.2 Activation and Deactivation of Application Adaptation..... | 21 | +| 9 Relation to other Information Models..... | 22 | +| 9.1 Relation to SuM Network Resource Model..... | 22 | + +Annex A (informative): Change history..... 23 + +# Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +"The User Data Convergence concept supports a layered architecture, separating the data from the application logic in the 3GPP system, so that user data is stored in a logically unique repository allowing access from core and service layer entities, named application front-ends. Network elements and functionalities should be designed to access profile data remotely and without storing them permanently locally, i.e. the front-ends shall work in a user dataless configuration." + +TR 22.985 and TS 22.101 provide the requirements for User data convergence so that user data can be moved from where it originated, to a facility called User Data Repository (UDR) where it can be accessed, stored and managed in a common way. + +Convergence of user data unifies the user data access interface and its protocol. In addition, the logical centralization of user data implies the support of user data provisioning, that is, user data manipulation like creation, deletion, reading, modification and other operations. + +In order to accommodate multiple applications and services, existing and new ones, a framework for model handling and management of the UDC has been developed including: + +- UDC information model infrastructure +- UDC information model handling +- Application management +- Consolidated data model management. + +# 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the framework for overall management of the User Data Convergence. + +In order to accommodate multiple applications and services, existing and new ones, the framework for model handling and management of the UDC as identified by TS 22.101 includes the following items: + +- UDC information models: + - UDC information model infrastructure containing the common baseline information model (CBIM), application information models (AIM), and the specialised information model (SIM). The CBIM is standardised in TS 32.cde [4]. +- UDC information model handling: + - provide a template and guidelines explaining the design of application information models to be used together with the common baseline information model to create the specialized information model + - describe the process to combine the common baseline information model with application information models in order to produce an operator-specific specialised information model +- Application management data: + - access control data for an application to UDC: identification and authentication + - assignment to an application data model, including linkage to the consolidated data model + - subscription rights for specific events on specific data of specific users +- Consolidated data model management + - lifecycle management of the consolidated data model in the UDR and in the provisioning entity. + - activation/deactivation of application adaptation + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TR 22.985: "Service requirement for the User Data Convergence (UDC)". +- [3] 3GPP TS 22.101: "Service aspects; Service principles". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.182: "User Data Convergence; Common Baseline Information Model ". +- [5] 3GPP TR 32.808: "Study of Common Profile Storage (CPS) Framework of User Data for network services and management" +- [6] 3GPP TS 33.102: "3G Security; Security architecture" +- [7] 3GPP TS 33.203: "3G security; Access security for IP-based services" + +- [8] 3GPP TS 23.335: “User Data Convergence; Technical Realization and Information Flows;Stage 2“ +- [9] 3GPP TS 29.335: “User Data Convergence (UDC); User Data Repository Access Protocol over the Ud interface; Stage 3” +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.172: “Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)” + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +**Application Data Model :** specific data model used by an application accessing the UDR. It is defined according to the UDC access protocol. It is related to an application information model. + +**Application Data View:** a function of the UDR that enables and limits applications access to data within the UDR. + +**Application Information Model :** specific information model used by an application accessing the UDR. It is defined with the same method as the common baseline information model. It is related to an application data model. + +**Common Baseline Information Model:** basic structure of UDC IOCs, see also definition in 3GPP TS 32.182 [4] + +**Consolidated Data Model:** Data model containing all data of the User Data Repository. It is the result of the implementation of the entire Specialized Information Model in the UDR for all applications. + +**Information Model:** Information Model denotes an abstract, formal representation of entity types, including their properties and relationships, the operations (e.g. read, write...) that can be performed on them, and related rules and constrains. In the information model, entities might have network topology relationship with each other. + +**Specialized Information Model:** Information model containing all information to be stored in the UDR. It is the result of operator specific specialisation of CBIM with addition of imported AIM. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|------|--------------------------------------| +| ADM | Application Data Model | +| AIM | Application Information Model | +| AKA | Authentication and Key Agreement | +| AMF | Authentication Management Field | +| CBIM | Common baseline Information Model | +| CDM | Consolidated Data Model | +| ISIM | IMS Subscriber Identity Module | +| SpIM | Specialised Information Model | +| UDC | User Data Convergence | +| UDR | User Data Repository | +| UICC | Universal Integrated Circuit Card | +| USIM | Universal Subscriber Identity Module | + +# --- 4 UDC Framework overview + +## 4.1 General overview + +TR 22.985 [2] and TS 22.101[3] request the baseline information model to be future proof and extensible, i.e. new applications and/or new service profiles can be added by the operator, if necessary. The flexibility shall also permit new + +data for existing applications to be introduced, or modified. For the actual information model of an operator Specialized Information Model is described in TR 22.985 [2]. + +For the above purpose this specification defines and describes the infrastructure of UDC Information Models in Clause 5. + +The correlation and handling of the UDC Information Models is described in Clause 6. + +## 4.2 Requirements coming from other Specifications + +TR 22.985 [2] and TS 22.101[3] provide requirements for CBIM and SpIM . These documents also mention the Application Data Models for the Access Interface to the UDC. + +Specification 23.335 [8] in Clause 5.2 defines the requirements for application access to the UDR including authentication and authorisation. + +Specification 29.335 [9]: defines as Access Protocol over the Ud interface LDAP (Clause 4) and as Data Model on the interface LDAP Directory Schema (Clause 7). + +## 4.3 Overview of UDC Data and Information Models + +Figures Fig.4.3-1 and Fig.4.3-2 below show the data and information models contained in the UDC framework including the UDR and the Application Front Ends. Boxes outlined in black. connecting Information and Data Models represent the process steps needed to produce the output model (pointed to by an outgoing arrow) from an input model (shown by the source of an incoming arrow).As shown in these figures, the Specialized Information Model can be both an input and output model, i.e. its current version is used as an input model to a process that generates an enhanced version when an Application Information Model new to the UDR is integrated and consolidated. + +Fig.4.3-1 below shows the case of internal integration model handling, where implementation of the Application is under responsibility of the operator . In this situation operator specification of the AIM leads to the Application Data Model (ADM), that gets implemented in the application FE and in the Application Data Model View in the UDR. + +![Flowchart of UDC Data and Information Models Overview with Operator integration model handling. It shows the flow from Common Baseline IM (CBIM) and App IM (AIM) through various processing steps like 'Customise to Operator's Services', 'Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate', and 'Generate new CDM' to produce the Consolidated Data Model (CDM), Information Element, and Information procedure. It also shows the relationship between Application/FE, Ud interface, Adaptation, and UDR components.](740442c999390734911677f01af0316d_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + CBIM[Common Baseline IM (CBIM)] --> Customise[Customise to Operator's Services] + AIM[App IM (AIM)] --> Integrate[Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate] + Customise --> SpIM[Specialized IM (SpIM)] + SpIM --> Integrate + Integrate --> AppFE[Application/FE: App Data Model] + Integrate --> Adaptation[Adaptation: App Data View, App Data Model, App Data Model Mapping] + Adaptation --> UDR[UDR] + SpIM --> GenerateCDM[Generate new CDM] + GenerateCDM --> CDM[Consolidated Data Model (CDM)] + CDM --> IE[Information Element] + CDM --> IP[Information procedure] + +``` + +Flowchart of UDC Data and Information Models Overview with Operator integration model handling. It shows the flow from Common Baseline IM (CBIM) and App IM (AIM) through various processing steps like 'Customise to Operator's Services', 'Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate', and 'Generate new CDM' to produce the Consolidated Data Model (CDM), Information Element, and Information procedure. It also shows the relationship between Application/FE, Ud interface, Adaptation, and UDR components. + +Figure 4.3-1 UDC Data and Information Models Overview with Operator integration model handling + +Figure 4.3-2 below shows the case of generation of the Application Data Model (ADM) for an Application/Front-End when the development of the application is not the responsibility of the operator. In this situation, both the CBIM and the AIM of the application are used to generate the ADM being implemented in the Application/Front-End. + +![Flowchart showing the generation of the Application Data Model (ADM) for an Application/Front-End. The diagram is divided into three horizontal layers: Application/FE, Ud interface, and Adaptation (UDR).](7a0db9703b68b3d06cdaeefc084c0006_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the flow of information models for generating an Application Data Model (ADM). It is organized into three horizontal layers separated by dashed lines: + +- Application/FE (top layer):** Contains boxes for 'Common Baseline IM (CBIM)', 'App IM (AIM)', 'Generate ADM for Appl/FE', and 'App Data Model'. Arrows show CBIM and AIM feeding into 'Generate ADM for Appl/FE', which then points to 'App Data Model'. +- Ud interface (middle layer):** Contains a box for 'Customise to Operator's Services' which receives input from CBIM and points to 'Specialized IM (SpIM)'. 'App IM (AIM)' points to a large box 'Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate'. This box contains a sub-step 'Generate ADM and mapping and new SpIM' and has arrows pointing to 'Specialized IM (SpIM)' and 'App Data Model'. +- Adaptation (UDR) (bottom layer):** Contains boxes for 'Generate new CDM', 'Consolidated Data Model (CDM)', 'Information Element', and 'Information procedure'. 'Specialized IM (SpIM)' points to 'Generate new CDM', which points to 'Consolidated Data Model (CDM)'. 'Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate' also points to 'Consolidated Data Model (CDM)'. From 'Consolidated Data Model (CDM)', arrows point to 'Information Element' and 'Information procedure'. A dashed box labeled 'App Data View' and 'App Data Model Mapping' is shown within the Adaptation layer, with an arrow pointing to it from the 'Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate' box. + +Flowchart showing the generation of the Application Data Model (ADM) for an Application/Front-End. The diagram is divided into three horizontal layers: Application/FE, Ud interface, and Adaptation (UDR). + +Figure 4.3-2 UDC Data and Information Models Overview with separate ADM generation for the Application/Front-End + +# 5 UDC information model infrastructure + +## 5.1 Common Baseline Information Model (CBIM) + +CBIM provides the basic structure of UDC IOCs. It shall enable an operator to integrate the user data to be stored in the UDR. + +## 5.2 Application Information Models (AIM) + +NOTE: The present clause introduces AIM. AIM may be imported from existing applications or may be generated from information elements already existing in the UDR. + +An AIM should contain IOCs for + +- the Service Profile(s) of the particular application, +- Identifier(s) used by the application + +and additionally, if needed, any other IOC defined in CBIM. E.g. related End Device, if such is to be connected to one or more identifiers within the application. + +## 5.3 Specialised Information Model (SpIM) + +NOTE: The present clause describes building the SpIM from CBIM and AIMs with consolidation of semantically identical data. + +SpIM is the Information model containing all information to be stored in the UDR. A Specialized Information Model is operator specific. An implementation of the entire Specialized Information Model in the User Data Repository for all the applications leads to the Consolidated Data Model. + +# 6 UDC information model handling + +## 6.1 General + +The relations of the UDC information models are depicted in Figure 6.1-1 below. + +![Diagram illustrating the UDC Information Models. The diagram shows two input models, Common Baseline IM (CBIM) and Appl IM (AIM), leading to two processing steps: Customise to Operator's Services and Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate. Both steps lead to the final output, Specialized IM (SpIM).](1eadbbe42cfcac5c0023577110aec5e3_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; CBIM[Common Baseline IM (CBIM)] --> Customise[Customise to Operator's Services]; AIM[Appl IM (AIM)] --> Integrate[Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate]; Customise --> SpIM[Specialized IM (SpIM)]; Integrate --> SpIM; +``` + +Diagram illustrating the UDC Information Models. The diagram shows two input models, Common Baseline IM (CBIM) and Appl IM (AIM), leading to two processing steps: Customise to Operator's Services and Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate. Both steps lead to the final output, Specialized IM (SpIM). + +Fig. 6.1-1 UDC Information Models + +Figure 6.1-2 below shows the process that leads to integrating and consolidating data for a given operator from the UDR perspective. + +Initially the Common Baseline Information Model (CBIM) is specialised according to the service and user structure of the given operator resulting in the initial version of the operator's the Specialized Information Model (SpIM). + +The actual version of the operator's Specialized Information Model (SpIM) is combined together with one or more Application Information Models (AIMs) to form a new version of the Specialized Information Model (SpIM) of the operator. The SpIM represents and considers all the data of all converged services offered by the operator. + +It is the decision of the operator, when a new actual version of the SpIM is implemented into the UDR. An implementation of the actual version of the SpIM into the UDR leads to the Consolidated Data Model (CDM), which is representing the actual implementation of the UDR. + +![Flowchart showing the integration of Common Baseline IM (CBIM) and multiple Appl IM (AIM) into a Specialized IM (SpIM), which then leads to a Consolidated Data Model (CDM).](5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; CBIM[Common Baseline IM (CBIM)] --> SpIM[Specialized IM (SpIM)]; AIM1[Appl IM (AIM)] --> SpIM; AIM2[Appl IM (AIM)] --> SpIM; AIM3[Appl IM (AIM)] --> SpIM; AIM4[Appl IM (AIM)] --> SpIM; AIM5[Appl IM (AIM)] --> SpIM; AIM6[Appl IM (AIM)] --> SpIM; SpIM --> CDM[Consolidated Data Model (CDM)]; +``` + +Flowchart showing the integration of Common Baseline IM (CBIM) and multiple Appl IM (AIM) into a Specialized IM (SpIM), which then leads to a Consolidated Data Model (CDM). + +Figure 6.1-2: UDC Information and Data Models in the UDR + +Consider now integration for a given application. An Application Data Model (ADM) has to be developed both for the UDR and for the Application/Front-End to be used on the Ud interface. + +In the integrated model handling environment under responsibility of the operator implementation of the SpIM and the AIM of the application leads to the Application Data Model (ADM), this is depicted in Figure 6.1-3. The ADM gets implemented in the application FE and in the Application Data Model View in the UDR. + +![Flowchart showing the integration of Common Baseline IM (CBIM) into a Specialized IM (SpIM), which and an Appl IM (AIM) both lead to an Application Data Model (ADM).](8e14350b4b669119a3bdfca7869110ca_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; CBIM[Common Baseline IM (CBIM)] --> SpIM[Specialized IM (SpIM)]; SpIM --> ADM[Application Data Model (ADM)]; AIM[Appl IM (AIM)] --> ADM; +``` + +Flowchart showing the integration of Common Baseline IM (CBIM) into a Specialized IM (SpIM), which and an Appl IM (AIM) both lead to an Application Data Model (ADM). + +Figure 6.1-3: UDC Information and Data Model handling for an Application Type in an integrated Operator environment + +In the case of separate development of the Application Data Model (ADM) for an application on the Application/Front-End side, implementation of the CBIM and the AIM of the application leads to the ADM being implemented there. This is depicted in Figure 6.1-4. + +![Diagram showing the separate development of Common Baseline IM (CBIM) and Appl IM (AIM) leading to the Application Data Model (ADM).](1439cb942d9e363bbb3161b5540dd8c6_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; CBIM[Common Baseline IM (CBIM)] --> ADM[Application Data Model (ADM)]; AIM[Appl IM (AIM)] --> ADM; +``` + +The diagram illustrates two separate input models, 'Common Baseline IM (CBIM)' and 'Appl IM (AIM)', both pointing via downward arrows to a single output model, 'Application Data Model (ADM)'. The boxes are blue with white text. + +Diagram showing the separate development of Common Baseline IM (CBIM) and Appl IM (AIM) leading to the Application Data Model (ADM). + +**Figure 6.1-4: Separate Information and Data Model handling for an Application Type for Application Front-End** + +## 6.2 Initial SpIM Creation from CBIM + +The Specialized Information Model is initially generated through operator specific specialisation of CBIM e.g. through definition of the operator-specific End-User groupings. + +## 6.3 AIM Integration into SpIM + +After the initial SpIM has been created, AIMs are imported and consolidated into it. The SpIM takes into account the specific applications, the functionality included and the relevant business information. + +## 6.4 Consolidation of User Data in the SpIM + +### 6.5.1 Example of consolidation of data in the SpIM using aggregation + +The Figure 6.5.1-1 below provides an example of building the SpIM by aggregating semantically identical data. Attributes that are common to at least two different service profiles are defined in IOCs that are then aggregated to these service profiles. For example, the Roaming1 IOC contains roaming data that is common to GPRS, EPS and CS service profiles, ODB3 contains operator determined barring data that is common to both GPRS and EPS service profiles and Trace contains data that is about subscriber and equipment trace common to all GPRS, CS, EPS and IMS profiles. Using aggregation means that the attribute value will be always same in each of the service profile that has aggregated the IOC where the attribute is defined. Note also that this example only shows how a portion of the data can be consolidated using aggregation. + +![UML Class Diagram showing aggregation relationships between Roaming1, Roaming2, Roaming3 and various service profiles and ODBs.](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class Roaming1["<> Roaming1"] + class Roaming2["<> Roaming2"] + class Roaming3["<> Roaming3"] + class UdcCsServiceProfile["<> UdcCsServiceProfile"] + class UdcGprsServiceProfile["<> UdcGprsServiceProfile"] + class UdcEpsServiceProfile["<> UdcEpsServiceProfile"] + class UdcImssServiceProfile["<> UdcImssServiceProfile"] + class BasicService["<> BasicService"] + class Trace["<> Trace"] + class ODB1["<> ODB1"] + class ODB2["<> ODB2"] + class ODB3["<> ODB3"] + + Roaming1 --> UdcCsServiceProfile + Roaming1 --> UdcGprsServiceProfile + Roaming1 --> UdcEpsServiceProfile + Roaming2 --> UdcCsServiceProfile + Roaming2 --> UdcGprsServiceProfile + Roaming2 --> UdcEpsServiceProfile + Roaming3 --> UdcCsServiceProfile + Roaming3 --> UdcGprsServiceProfile + Roaming3 --> UdcEpsServiceProfile + Roaming3 --> UdcImssServiceProfile + + UdcCsServiceProfile --> BasicService + UdcCsServiceProfile --> ODB1 + UdcCsServiceProfile --> ODB2 + UdcGprsServiceProfile --> BasicService + UdcGprsServiceProfile --> Trace + UdcGprsServiceProfile --> ODB1 + UdcGprsServiceProfile --> ODB2 + UdcEpsServiceProfile --> Trace + UdcEpsServiceProfile --> ODB1 + UdcEpsServiceProfile --> ODB3 + UdcImssServiceProfile --> ODB3 + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing aggregation relationships between Roaming1, Roaming2, Roaming3 and various service profiles and ODBs. + +Figure 6.5.1-1: Consolidation of data in the SpIM using aggregation. + +### 6.5.2 Example of specialization for authentication methods + +Figure 6.5.2-1 shows an example of how the CBIM can be further specialized for the purpose of considering different authentication methods. + +![UML Class Diagram showing Authentication methods and their relationships.](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class UdcCsServiceProfile + class UdcGprsServiceProfile + class UdcEpsServiceProfile + class UdcImsServiceProfile + class CsAka + class GprsAka + class EpsAka + class ImsAka + class IMPU + class IMSI + class IMPI + class NassImsBundled + class GprsImsBundled + class SipDigest + class ImsAkaUsimImsim + class AkaUsim + class ImsAkaImsim + + UdcCsServiceProfile "0..1" *-- "0..*" CsAka : CsSPUsesCsAka + UdcGprsServiceProfile "0..*" *-- "0..*" GprsAka : GprsSPUsesPsAka + UdcEpsServiceProfile "0..*" *-- "0..*" EpsAka : EpsSPUsesEpsAka + UdcImsServiceProfile "0..1" *-- "0..*" ImsAka : IMSSPcontainsIMPU + + IMPU "0..1" -- "0..1" IMSI : IMPUDerivesFromIMSI + IMPU "0..1" -- "0..1" IMPI : IMPUPairsOrDerivesFromIMPI + IMPU "1..*" -- "0..*" NassImsBundled + IMPU "1..*" -- "0..*" GprsImsBundled + IMPU "1..*" -- "0..1" SipDigest + + IMSI "0..1" -- "0..1" CsAka : IMSIPairsAkaUsim + IMSI "1" -- "0..1" AkaUsim : IMSIPairsAkaUsim + IMSI "1" -- "0..1" IMPU : IMPUDerivesFromIMSI + IMSI "1" -- "0..1" IMPI : IMPIDerivesFromIMSI + + IMPI "0..1" -- "0..1" GprsAka + IMPI "1" -- "0..1" ImsAka : IMPIPairsImsAkaImsim + IMPI "1" -- "0..1" SipDigest + IMPI "1" -- "0..1" ImsAkaUsimImsim : IMPIPairsImsAkaImsim + + ImsAka "0..1" -- "0..1" ImsAkaImsim : ImsAkaUsesImsAkaImsim + ImsAka "0..1" -- "0..1" ImsAkaUsimImsim : ImsAkaUsesImsAkaImsim + + ImsAkaImsim "0..1" -- "0..1" AkaUsim : ImsAkaUsesAkaUsim + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing Authentication methods and their relationships. + +Figure 6.5.2-1: Authentication methods + +#### 6.5.3.1 AkaUsim + +##### 6.5.3.1.1 Definition + +This object class represents data that is required to perform Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) when the UE is equipped with a USIM. For details of AKA see subclause 6.3 in 3GPP TS 33.102 [6]. For example, an encrypted subscriber key and the AMF can be attributes of this object class. + +#### 6.5.3.2 CsAka + +##### 6.5.3.2.1 Definition + +This object class represents data that is required to perform AKA when accessing Circuit-Switched services, such as the sequence number used for AKA authentication to access CS services. For details of AKA see subclause 6.3 in 3GPP TS 33.102 [6]. + +#### 6.5.3.3 GPRS Aka + +##### 6.5.3.3.1 Definition + +This object class represents data that is required to perform AKA when accessing GPRS services such as the sequence number used for AKA authentication to access GPRS services. For details of AKA see subclause 6.3 in 3GPP TS 33.102 [6]. + +#### 6.5.3.4 EpsAka + +##### 6.5.3.4.1 Definition + +This object class represents data that is required to perform AKA when accessing Evolved Packet-Switched services, such as the sequence number used for AKA authentication to access EPS services. For details of AKA see subclause 6.3 in 3GPP TS 33.102 [6]. + +#### 6.5.3.5 ImsAkalsim + +##### 6.5.3.5.1 Definition + +This object class represents data that is required to perform IMS AKA for accessing IMS services when the UE is equipped with a UICC that contains an ISIM, for example, the encrypted subscriber key and AMF that is used for accessing IMS services. For details of IMS AKA see subclause 6.1 in 3GPP TS 33.203 [7]. + +#### 6.5.3.6 ImsAka + +##### 6.5.3.6.1 Definition + +This object class represents data that is required to perform IMS AKA when accessing IMS services, such as the sequence number used for AKA authentication to access IMS services. For details of IMS AKA see subclause 6.1 in 3GPP TS 33.203 [7]. + +#### 6.5.3.7 ImsAkaUsimIsim + +##### 6.5.3.7.1 Definition + +This object class represents the data that is required to perform IMS AKA for accessing IMS services when the UE is equipped with either a USIM or an ISIM, for example, the realm. It aggregates one of the AkaUsim or ImsAkaIsim object classes, depending on whether the UE is equipped with a USIM or an ISIM, respectively. For details of IMS AKA see subclause 6.1 in 3GPP TS 33.203 [7]. + +#### 6.5.3.8 GPRSImSBundled + +##### 6.5.3.8.1 Definition + +This abstract object class represents the data that is required to perform GPRS-IMS bundled authentication. For details of the GPRS-IMS bundled authentication see 3GPP TS 33.203 [6] Annex T. + +NOTE: This object class is set to be abstract because it does not need any new particular data. The GPRS-IMS bundled authentication requires the IPv4 address or IPv6 prefix allocated by GPRS to the UE, therefore, data that is stored elsewhere. This object class is merely here for completeness, but need not be implemented. + +#### 6.5.3.9 NassImSBundled + +##### 6.5.3.9.1 Definition + +This object class represents the data that is required to perform NASS-IMS bundled authentication, such as the line identifier. For details of the NASS-IMS bundled authentication see 3GPP TS 33.203 [6] Annex R. + +#### 6.5.3.10 SipDigest + +##### 6.5.3.10.1 Definition + +This object class represents the data that is required to perform SIP Digest authentication for accessing IMS services. For example, it includes the H(A1) parameter of HTTP Digest, the realm, QoP, and Algorithm directives in HTTP Digest authentication. For details of the SIP Digest authentication see 3GPP TS 33.203 [6] Annex N. + +## 6.5 Construction of AIM + +An AIM comprises all the information required by an application. In the construction of an AIM, the following possibilities exist with respect to the current version of the SpIM: + +- AIMs may be constructed from new information not yet present in the current version of the SpIM. +- AIMs may be constructed by using information that already exists in the current version of the SpIM. +- AIMs may be constructed requiring both new information and information that already exists in the current version of the SpIM. + +# --- 7 Application management + +## 7.1 Application Access Control Data + +Specification 23.335 [8] in Chapter 5.2 defines the requirements for application access to the UDR including authentication and authorisation. + +To be able to authenticate an application and to provide it access data in the UDR the following have to be stored: + +- identity of the application including additional access protocol dependent authentication information (e.g. password) +- type of the application with associated Data Model + +To be able to authorise an application for access to data in the UDR the following have to be stored: + +- allowed PLMN-Id(s) +- allowed operations with the associated Data Model +- restrictions on operations possibly at information element level. + +## 7.2 Application Data Model and Mapping to Consolidated Data Model + +### 7.2.1 Application Data Views + +Different applications have different needs when accessing the data. Consider a piece of data: some applications may need to read and write that data; other applications will only need to read the same data; and a third group of applications should not be able to access that data at all. Since the UDR implements the CDM, there must exist a mechanism to control the access of data per application, so that only the authorised subset of the CDM is exposed to that application with the correct access permissions, details on primary access control are to be found in Chapter 7.1 of this specification. + +Access only to the authorised subset of the CDM is achieved by implementing Application Data Views in the UDR connected to the different application types. The concept is illustrated in Figure 7.2.1-1 in a simplified way. A detailed figure is given in Figure 7.2.1-2, and a more developed concept (considering different vendors) is provided in Figure 7.2.1-3. + +According to Figure 7.2.1-1 , the UDR implements the CDM. Application Data Views are implemented for each application type accessing its specific user data within CDM in the UDR. The Application Data View is responsible for enabling and limiting applications access to data within the UDR. + +![A circular diagram showing a central 'CDM' (Common Data Model) surrounded by three 'App. Data View' segments: 'App. 1 Data View' (blue), 'App. 2 Data View' (purple), and 'App. 3 Data View' (green). External boxes labeled 'FE 1', 'FE 2', and 'FE 3' are connected to their respective data views by double-headed arrows.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +A circular diagram showing a central 'CDM' (Common Data Model) surrounded by three 'App. Data View' segments: 'App. 1 Data View' (blue), 'App. 2 Data View' (purple), and 'App. 3 Data View' (green). External boxes labeled 'FE 1', 'FE 2', and 'FE 3' are connected to their respective data views by double-headed arrows. + +**Figure 7.2.1-1: Application Data Views in the UDR (simplified)** + +![A diagram showing the correlation of IM and Application Data View. A box labeled 'Appl IM (AIM)' has arrows pointing to 'App Data Model' and 'App Data Model Mapping' within a table. A box labeled 'Specialized IM (SpIM)' has an arrow pointing to 'App Data Model Mapping'.](33a8f3f01dfa8bce75d23017855a13c5_img.jpg) + +| | | +|---------------------|------------------------| +| App
Data
View | App Data Model | +| | App Data Model Mapping | +| | Capabilities for Apps | + +A diagram showing the correlation of IM and Application Data View. A box labeled 'Appl IM (AIM)' has arrows pointing to 'App Data Model' and 'App Data Model Mapping' within a table. A box labeled 'Specialized IM (SpIM)' has an arrow pointing to 'App Data Model Mapping'. + +**Figure 7.2.1-2: Correlation of IM and Application Data View for a single Application type in the UDR** + +In a multi-vendor scenario, for a given application type, each Front End vendor and application version may implement their own data model. Therefore, data models for the same application need not be equal across different vendors or release of the software. This scenario conceptually requires a different application data model mapping for each application and vendor. The concept is illustrated in Figure 7.2.1-3. For each application type, there can be a number of Application Data Views, each one handling the mapping to the particular data model of the vendor of the Front End. For example, for Application type #1, there can be three Front End vendors, named FE1, FE2, FE3, respectively. Each of these front ends implements its own data model. A different Application Data View handles the correct mapping to each data model. In Figure 7.2.1-3, Application Data View 11 manages FE1, Application Data View 12 manages FE2, Application Data View 13 manages FE3, and so on. + +![Diagram illustrating Application Data Views in the UDR. A central circle labeled 'CD' is surrounded by segments labeled 'App 1.1', 'App 1.2', 'App 1.3', 'App 2.1', 'App 2.2', 'App 2.3', 'App 3.1', 'App 3.2', and 'App 3.3'. Each application segment is connected to a group of Functional Entity (FE) boxes. App 1.1 connects to FE 1.1, FE 1.2, and FE 1.3. App 1.2 connects to FE 1.4, FE 1.5, and FE 1.6. App 1.3 connects to FE 1.7, FE 1.8, and FE 1.9. App 2.1 connects to FE 2.1, FE 2.2, and FE 2.3. App 2.2 connects to FE 2.4, FE 2.5, and FE 2.6. App 2.3 connects to FE 2.7, FE 2.8, and FE 2.9. App 3.1 connects to FE 3.1, FE 3.2, and FE 3.3. App 3.2 connects to FE 3.4, FE 3.5, and FE 3.6. App 3.3 connects to FE 3.7, FE 3.8, and FE 3.9.](4356776ca004ecba5d599667a155d7d4_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating Application Data Views in the UDR. A central circle labeled 'CD' is surrounded by segments labeled 'App 1.1', 'App 1.2', 'App 1.3', 'App 2.1', 'App 2.2', 'App 2.3', 'App 3.1', 'App 3.2', and 'App 3.3'. Each application segment is connected to a group of Functional Entity (FE) boxes. App 1.1 connects to FE 1.1, FE 1.2, and FE 1.3. App 1.2 connects to FE 1.4, FE 1.5, and FE 1.6. App 1.3 connects to FE 1.7, FE 1.8, and FE 1.9. App 2.1 connects to FE 2.1, FE 2.2, and FE 2.3. App 2.2 connects to FE 2.4, FE 2.5, and FE 2.6. App 2.3 connects to FE 2.7, FE 2.8, and FE 2.9. App 3.1 connects to FE 3.1, FE 3.2, and FE 3.3. App 3.2 connects to FE 3.4, FE 3.5, and FE 3.6. App 3.3 connects to FE 3.7, FE 3.8, and FE 3.9. + +Figure 7.2.1-3: Application Data Views in the UDR + +## 7.3 Subscription and Notification Related Data + +Specification 23.335 [8] in Chapter 5.7 and 5.8 defines the procedure of subscription and notification. Specification 29.335[9] in Chapter 6.6, 6.7 and Annex A defines the content and format of the subscription and notification messages. + +Subscription can be done by subscription message (dynamic) or configuration of the UDR (permanent). To support both kinds of subscription and to allow authorised unsubscribe operations, the following information should be stored in the UDR: + +- type of subscription, dynamic or permanent +- user identifier, e.g. IMSI, MSISDN, IMS public user identity or IMS private user identity, if not specified the subscription is applicable to all users' data of the application in the UDR. +- information on the data requested to be observed +- identity of the original (originating) subscribing entity identity, this item indicates the original entity which sent the subscription request message to the FE in order to subscribe to the notification of the specific events of the data requested to be observed +- notification condition(s), this item indicates the specific events on which the notification shall be triggered. The triggering events shall consist of one or more of the following: the addition of the observed data, the deletion of the observed data or the changes of the observed data. +- type of notification, this item indicates whether this subscription request should lead to a notification to any FE of the application type or cluster identifier, or to a notification to the FE requesting the notification.to originating entity or to an FE/application based on actual selection + +To support dynamic subscriptions the following information has to be stored in the UDR: + +- the subscription expiry time +- the identifier of the FE or the FE Cluster which sent the subscription message (conditional, if the notification type indicates that the notification is to be sent to the FE requesting the subscription, this item is needed.) + +To support the notification of data modification, the following information should be stored in the UDR: + +- additional data to be sent to the application in the notification when the notification condition is met + +- the FE selection algorithm (conditional, if the notification type indicates that the notification is to be sent to any FE of the application type or cluster identifier, this item is needed. This is only the identifier of the selection algorithm, not the algorithm itself.) + +If the Notification Type indicates that the notification is to be sent to any FE, when the notification condition is met, the UDR should use the FE select algorithm to select a proper FE to notify. For example, the UDR may select to notify the application actually serving the user. + +# --- 8 Consolidated data model management + +## 8.1 Lifecycle Management of the Consolidated Data Model in the UDR + +Figure 8.1-1 below shows the operational environment of UDC according to Figure 4.3-1. The Provisioning Gateway is an additional aspect which is essential for the operation of the UDR. The Provisioning Gateway provides a single logical point for consistent provisioning of user data for all services in the UDR. The mechanism used by the Provisioning Gateway to access UDR data using the CDM is outside the scope of the present document. The Application boxes denote Application Front Ends including Provisioning Front Ends according to 23.335 [8]. The Provisioning Front Ends access UDR data via the Ud reference point and are restricted by their Application Data Model. + +Chapter 4.3 describes how AIM(s) may be added and consolidated into the SpIM and the generation of the Application Data Model and its mapping to the CDM. It is the decision of the operator when the newly added AIM(s) may become operational. + +It is the decision of the operator, when a new actual version of the SpIM with the newly added AIM(s) is implemented into the UDR as actual version of the CDM. + +The Provisioning Gateway provides a view of the actual version of the CDM to enable provisioning of all data stored by different applications in the UDR. + +The CDM implementation into the UDR is an atomic operation. + +![Figure 8.1-1: Evolution of the CDM in a UDR. The diagram illustrates the process of updating the Consolidated Data Model (CDM) in a User Data Repository (UDR). At the top, a green box labeled 'BSS' points down to a blue box labeled 'Provisioning Gateway'. The 'Provisioning Gateway' points down to a circular diagram representing the 'Consolidated Data Model (CDM)'. This circle is divided into segments: 'Full Data View' (yellow), 'Appl 1 View' (yellow), 'Appl 2 View' (green), and 'APPL3 view' (red). To the left, a light green box labeled 'SplM' points to two grey boxes: 'Generate new CDM' and 'Generate ADM and mapping and new SplM'. The 'Generate new CDM' box points to the 'Provisioning Gateway' and the 'Full Data View' of the CDM. The 'Generate ADM and mapping and new SplM' box points to the 'APPL3 view' of the CDM and a light green box labeled 'new AIM'. The 'new AIM' box points to a red box labeled 'new Appl'. The 'new Appl' box points to the 'APPL3 view' of the CDM via an arrow labeled 'Ud'. To the right, a yellow box labeled 'Appl 1' points to the 'Appl 1 View' of the CDM via an arrow labeled 'Ud'. A green box labeled 'Appl 2' points to the 'Appl 2 View' of the CDM via an arrow labeled 'Ud'.](81a4cbf0b3c4cbc065efdf8f800dadde_img.jpg) + +Figure 8.1-1: Evolution of the CDM in a UDR. The diagram illustrates the process of updating the Consolidated Data Model (CDM) in a User Data Repository (UDR). At the top, a green box labeled 'BSS' points down to a blue box labeled 'Provisioning Gateway'. The 'Provisioning Gateway' points down to a circular diagram representing the 'Consolidated Data Model (CDM)'. This circle is divided into segments: 'Full Data View' (yellow), 'Appl 1 View' (yellow), 'Appl 2 View' (green), and 'APPL3 view' (red). To the left, a light green box labeled 'SplM' points to two grey boxes: 'Generate new CDM' and 'Generate ADM and mapping and new SplM'. The 'Generate new CDM' box points to the 'Provisioning Gateway' and the 'Full Data View' of the CDM. The 'Generate ADM and mapping and new SplM' box points to the 'APPL3 view' of the CDM and a light green box labeled 'new AIM'. The 'new AIM' box points to a red box labeled 'new Appl'. The 'new Appl' box points to the 'APPL3 view' of the CDM via an arrow labeled 'Ud'. To the right, a yellow box labeled 'Appl 1' points to the 'Appl 1 View' of the CDM via an arrow labeled 'Ud'. A green box labeled 'Appl 2' points to the 'Appl 2 View' of the CDM via an arrow labeled 'Ud'. + +Figure 8.1-1: Evolution of the CDM in a UDR + +## 8.2 Activation and Deactivation of Application Adaptation + +As described above the operator shall be capable of + +- adding new AIM to SplM, described in Chapter 4.3 +- adding ADM to UDR together with adaptation to CDM as described in Chapter 4.3 and 8.1. +- generate and activate new actual CDM based on the current SplM as described in Chapter 8.1 above +- activate the access of the application to its data in the UDR which can only be done after the implementation of the CDM containing that data and is done by associating the proper Application Data View to the application. +- deactivate the access of the application to its data in the UDR which is needed when, for example, the data of the application have changed. Deactivation is done by deleting the current association of Application Data View to the application. + +# 9 Relation to other Information Models + +## 9.1 Relation to SuM Network Resource Model + +The 3GPP SuM NRM as defined in the TS 32.172 [10] contains the information model related to the provisioning of the data of 3GPP services stored in the UDR. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|---------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2010-03 | SA#47 | SP-100066 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information | -- | 1.0.0 | +| 2010-06 | SA#48 | SP-100372 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for approval | 1.0.0 | 2.0.0 | +| 2010-06 | SA#48 | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 2.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2010-09 | SA#49 | SP-100489 | 001 | -- | Correct inconsistency of PsAka with GprsAka | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - 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architecture..... | 13 | +| 4.2 CS domain offline charging architecture..... | 14 | +| 4.3 CS domain online charging architecture..... | 15 | +| 5 CS domain charging principles and scenarios..... | 16 | +| 5.1 CS domain charging principles..... | 16 | +| 5.1.1 General aspects of Charging Data..... | 16 | +| 5.1.2 Charging information..... | 16 | +| 5.1.2.1 Subscriber billing..... | 17 | +| 5.1.2.2 Settlements of Charges..... | 17 | +| 5.1.2.2.1 Inter-PLMN accounting..... | 17 | +| 5.1.2.2.2 "Visitors" from other PLMNs..... | 17 | +| 5.1.2.2.3 "Home" subscribers roaming in other PLMNs..... | 17 | +| 5.1.2.2.4 Settlement with other networks..... | 17 | +| 5.1.2.3 Service Information..... | 18 | +| 5.1.3 Special cases and considerations..... | 18 | +| 5.1.3.1 AoC service..... | 18 | +| 5.1.3.2 CAMEL services..... | 19 | +| 5.1.3.3 Use of supplementary services..... | 19 | +| 5.1.3.4 Use of call forwarding..... | 19 | +| 5.1.3.5 Use of call hold and multi-party services..... | 19 | +| 5.1.3.6 Partial records..... | 20 | +| 5.1.3.7 Use of circuit-switched data services..... | 21 | +| 5.1.3.8 Inter-MSC server handover..... | 21 | +| 5.1.3.9 Call re-establishment..... | 21 | +| 5.1.3.10 Restricted directory numbers..... | 22 | +| 5.1.3.11 IMEI Observation..... | 22 | +| 5.1.3.12 Triggers for LCS-MT-CDR, LCS-MO-CDR and LCS-NI-CDR Charging Information Collection..... | 22 | +| 5.1.3.13 BS30 Accounting..... | 22 | +| 5.1.3.14 CAMEL Call Party Handling service..... | 22 | +| 5.1.3.15 Service Change and Fallback..... | 24 | +| 5.1.3.16 CS Fallback and SMS over SGs..... | 24 | +| 5.1.3.17 Enhanced MSC server for SRVCC support..... | 24 | +| 5.2 CS domain offline charging scenarios..... | 24 | +| 5.2.1 Basic principles..... | 24 | +| 5.2.1.1 Mobile to land (outgoing) call..... | 26 | +| 5.2.1.2 Land to mobile (incoming) call..... | 27 | +| 5.2.1.3 Mobile to mobile call within the same network..... | 28 | +| 5.2.1.4 Incoming call to a roaming subscriber..... | 29 | +| 5.2.1.5 Incoming call to a PLMN service centre..... | 30 | +| 5.2.1.6 Call forwarding unconditional..... | 31 | +| 5.2.1.7 Call forwarding conditional (on busy)..... | 32 | +| 5.2.1.8 Delivery of a mobile terminated short message..... | 33 | +| 5.2.1.9 Call hold and multi-party service..... | 34 | +| 5.2.1.10 Outgoing call handled by CAMEL..... | 35 | +| 5.2.1.11 Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection..... | 37 | +| 5.2.1.12 Incoming call to a roaming subscriber handled by CAMEL..... | 39 | + +| | | | +|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----| +| 5.2.1.13 | Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection decided and forwarding leg handled by CAMEL..... | 41 | +| 5.2.1.14 | Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded early using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL..... | 43 | +| 5.2.1.15 | Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded late using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL..... | 45 | +| 5.2.1.16 | Early forwarded call controlled by CAMEL..... | 47 | +| 5.2.1.17 | Late forwarded call controlled by CAMEL..... | 49 | +| 5.2.1.18 | Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection initiated by CAMEL feature..... | 51 | +| 5.2.1.19 | CAMEL Scenario for Visiting Terminator Trigger Calls..... | 53 | +| 5.2.1.20 | Outgoing call handled by CAMEL with Dialled CSI Trigger..... | 55 | +| 5.2.1.21 | Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection decided and forwarding leg handled by CAMEL with Dialled CSI Trigger..... | 57 | +| 5.2.1.22 | Mobile terminated location request..... | 59 | +| 5.2.1.23 | gsmSCF initiated wake-up call handled by CAMEL CPH..... | 59 | +| 5.2.1.24 | Three party conference handled by CAMEL CPH..... | 60 | +| 5.2.2 | Diameter message flows..... | 62 | +| 5.2.3 | CDR generation..... | 62 | +| 5.2.4 | GTP' record transfer flows..... | 63 | +| 5.2.5 | B c CDR file transfer..... | 63 | +| 5.3 | CS domain online charging scenarios..... | 63 | +| 5.3.1 | Basic principles..... | 63 | +| 5.3.2 | Diameter message flows..... | 63 | +| 6 | Definition of charging information..... | 64 | +| 6.1 | Data description for CS domain offline charging..... | 64 | +| 6.1.1 | Diameter message contents..... | 64 | +| 6.1.2 | GTP' message contents..... | 64 | +| 6.1.3 | CDR description on the B c reference point..... | 64 | +| 6.1.3.1 | Mobile originated call attempt..... | 65 | +| 6.1.3.2 | Mobile originated emergency call attempt..... | 68 | +| 6.1.3.3 | Mobile originated call forwarding attempt..... | 70 | +| 6.1.3.4 | Mobile terminated call attempt..... | 72 | +| 6.1.3.5 | Roaming call attempt..... | 74 | +| 6.1.3.6 | Incoming gateway call attempt..... | 75 | +| 6.1.3.7 | Outgoing gateway call attempt..... | 76 | +| 6.1.3.8 | Transit call attempt..... | 77 | +| 6.1.3.9 | Supplementary service actions..... | 78 | +| 6.1.3.10 | HLR interrogation..... | 79 | +| 6.1.3.11 | Location update (VLR)..... | 79 | +| 6.1.3.12 | Location update (HLR)..... | 80 | +| 6.1.3.13 | Short message service, mobile originated..... | 80 | +| 6.1.3.14 | Short message service, mobile terminated..... | 81 | +| 6.1.3.15 | SMS-MO interworking record..... | 81 | +| 6.1.3.16 | SMS-MT gateway record..... | 82 | +| 6.1.3.17 | Common equipment usage record..... | 82 | +| 6.1.3.18 | Terminating CAMEL call attempt..... | 83 | +| 6.1.3.19 | IMEI observation ticket..... | 84 | +| 6.1.3.20 | Mobile terminated location request (MT-LR)..... | 85 | +| 6.1.3.21 | Mobile originated location request (MO-LR)..... | 86 | +| 6.1.3.22 | Network induced location request (NI-LR)..... | 87 | +| 6.1.3.23 | Mobile originated call attempt (CAMEL CPH adapted version)..... | 88 | +| 6.1.3.24 | gsmSCF initiated CAMEL CPH call attempt..... | 91 | +| 6.1.3.25 | New Call Segment in a MO, CF and MT CAMEL Dialogue..... | 93 | +| 6.1.3.26 | Mobile originated call forwarding attempt (CAMEL CPH adapted version)..... | 95 | +| 6.1.3.27 | Terminating CAMEL call attempt (CAMEL CPH adapted version)..... | 97 | +| 6.1.3.28 | SRVCC MSC Call handling in MSC server enhanced for SRVCC..... | 99 | +| 6.1.3.29 | SRVCC CS Emergency Call handling in MSC server enhanced for SRVCC..... | 99 | +| 6.2 | Data description for CS domain online charging..... | 101 | +| 6.2.1 | Diameter message contents..... | 101 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|------------| +| Annex A (informative): | CDR File Transfer compliant with earlier 3GPP releases..... | 102 | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|------------| + +**Annex B (informative): Bibliography..... 103** + +**Annex C (informative): Charging Support for Voice Call Continuity..... 104** + +**Annex D (informative): Change history..... 105** + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# 1 Scope + +The present document is part of a series of documents that specify charging functionality and charging management in GSM/UMTS networks. The GSM/UMTS core network charging architecture and principles are specified in 3GPP TS 32.240 [1], which provides an umbrella for other charging management TSs that specify: + +- the content of the CDRs per domain and subsystem (offline charging); +- the content of real-time charging messages per domain / subsystem (online charging); +- the functionality of online and offline charging for those domains and subsystems; +- the interfaces that are used in the charging framework to transfer the charging information (i.e. CDRs or charging events). + +The complete document structure for these TSs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.240 [1]. + +The present document specifies the Offline Charging description for the 3GPP Circuit Switched domain, based on the functional descriptions of the 3GPP bearer-, tele- and supplementary services in 3GPP TS 22.002 [200], 3GPP TS 22.003 [201] and 3GPP TS 22.004 [202], respectively. This charging description includes the offline charging architecture and scenarios specific to the CS domain, as well as the mapping of the common charging architecture specified in 3GPP TS 32.240 [1] onto the CS domain. It further specifies the structure and content of the CDRs for offline charging. The present document is related to other 3GPP charging TSs as follows: + +- The common 3GPP charging architecture is specified in 3GPP TS 32.240 [1]; +- The parameters, abstract syntax and encoding rules for these CDR types are specified in 3GPP TS 32.298 [51]. +- The file based mechanism used to transfer the CDRs from the network to the operator's billing domain (e.g. the billing system or a mediation device) is specified in 3GPP TS 32.297 [52]. + +Note that online charging for the CS domain is solely based on CAMEL (3GPP TS 23.078 [207] and 3GPP TS 29.078 [213]) and therefore outside the scope of the 32 series of charging specifications. + +All terms, definitions and abbreviations used in the present document, that are common across 3GPP TSs, are defined in 3GPP TR 21.905 [100]. Those that are common across charging management in GSM/UMTS domains, services or subsystems are provided in the umbrella document 3GPP TS 32.240 [1] and are copied into clause 3 of the present document for ease of reading. Finally, those items that are specific to the present document are defined exclusively in the present document. + +Furthermore, requirements that govern the charging work are specified in 3GPP TS 22.115 [102]. + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +[1] 3GPP TS 32.240: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging architecture and principles". + +[2]-[22] Void. + +[23] 3GPP TS 24.086: "Advice of Charge (AoC) Supplementary Service; Stage 3". + +[24]-[49] Void. + +- [50] 3GPP TS 32.299: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Diameter charging application". +- [51] 3GPP TS 32.298: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) encoding rules description". +- [52] 3GPP TS 32.297: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Records (CDR) file format and transfer". +- [53] Void. +- [54] 3GPP TS 32.295: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) transfer". +- [55] 3GPP TS 32.260: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) charging". +- [56]-[99] Void. +- [100] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [101] Void. +- [102] 3GPP TS 22.115: "Service aspects; Charging and billing". +- [103] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network architecture". +- [104]-[199] Void. +- [200] 3GPP TS 22.002: "Circuit Bearer Services (BS) supported by a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)". +- [201] 3GPP TS 22.003: "Circuit Teleservices supported by a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)". +- [202] 3GPP TS 22.004: "General on supplementary services". +- [203] 3GPP TS 22.024: "Description of Charge Advice Information (CAI)". +- [204] 3GPP TS 22.086: "Advice of Charge (AoC) supplementary services; Stage 1". +- [205]-[206] Void. +- [207] 3GPP TS 23.078: "Customized Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic (CAMEL); Stage 2". +- [208] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile radio interface Layer 3 specification; Core Network protocols; Stage 3". +- [209] 3GPP TS 23.172: "Technical realization of Circuit Switched (CS) multimedia service; UDI/RDI fallback and service modification; Stage 2". +- [210] 3GPP TS 23.206: " Voice Call Continuity between CS and IMS; Stage 2". +- [211] 3GPP TS 23.228: " Functional stage 2 description of IMS" +- [212] 3GPP TS 29.078: "Customized Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic (CAMEL); CAMEL Application Part (CAP) specification". +- [213] 3GPP TS 29.007: "General requirements on interworking between the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) and the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) or Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)". +- [214] 3GPP TS 23.272: "Circuit Switched (CS) fallback in Evolved Packet System (EPS); Stage 2". +- [215] 3GPP TS 23.216: "Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC); Stage 2". +- [216] 3GPP TS 23.018: "Basic Call Handling; Technical realization". +- [217] 3GPP TS 23.272: " Circuit Switched (CS) fallback in Evolved Packet System (EPS );Stage 2". + +| | | +|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| [218] | 3GPP TS 23.167: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) emergency sessions". | +| [219] | 3GPP TS 23.292: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Centralized Services". | +| [220]-[299] | Void. | +| [300] | ITU-T Recommendation D.93: "Charging and accounting in the international land mobile telephone service (provided via cellular radio systems)". | +| [301]-[399] | Void. | +| [400] | IETF RFC 0959 (1985): "File Transfer Protocol". | +| [401] | Void. | +| [402] | Void. | +| [403] | IETF RFC 01350: "TFTP Protocol". | +| [404] | Void. | +| [405] | GSM 12.01: "Network Management (NM); Part 2: Common aspects of GSM/DCS 1800 network management". | + +# --- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [50], 3GPP TS 32.240 [1] and the following apply: + +**accounting:** process of apportioning charges between the Home Environment, Serving Network and User + +**advice of charge:** real-time display of the network utilization charges incurred by the Mobile Station +The charges are displayed in the form of charging units. If a unit price is stored by the MS then the display may also include the equivalent charge in the home currency. + +**Advice of Charge (AoC) service:** combination of one or more services, both basic and supplementary, together with a number of other charging relevant parameters to define a customized service for the purpose of Advice of Charge + +**billing:** function whereby CDRs generated by the charging function are transformed into bills requiring payment + +**Billing Domain:** part of the operator network, which is outside the core network, that receives and processes charging information from the core network charging functions +It includes functions that can provide billing mediation and billing end applications. + +**CAMEL:** network feature that provides the mechanisms to support operator specific services even when roaming outside HPLMN + +**CAMEL subscription information:** identifies a subscriber as having CAMEL services + +**CDR field categories:** Defined in 3GPP TS 32.250. They are divided into the following categories: + +- **Mandatory:** field that shall be present in the CDR. +- **Conditional:** field that shall be present in a CDR if certain conditions are met. +- **Operator Provisionable: Mandatory:** A field that operators have provisioned to be included in the CDR for all conditions. +- **Operator Provisionable: Conditional:** A field that operators have provisioned to be included in the CDR if certain conditions are met. + +**Charging Data Record (CDR):** record generated by a network element for the purpose of billing a subscriber for the provided service + +It includes fields identifying the user, the session and the network elements as well as information on the network resources and services used to support a subscriber session. In the traditional circuit domain, CDR has been used to denote "Call Detail Record", which is subsumed by "Charging Data Record" hereafter. + +**charged party:** user involved in a chargeable event who has to pay parts or the whole charges of the chargeable event, or a third party paying the charges caused by one or all users involved in the chargeable event, or a network operator + +**charging:** function whereby information related to a chargeable event is formatted and transferred in order to make it possible to determine usage for which the charged party may be billed + +**charging destination:** also referred to as a destination for charging, this is a nominal reference defining the point of termination of a connection for charging purposes + +**charging origin:** nominal reference defining the point of origin of a connection for charging purposes + +**circuit switched domain:** domain within UMTS in which information is transferred in circuit mode + +**GSM only:** indicates that this clause or paragraph applies only to a GSM system + +For multi-system cases this is determined by the current serving radio access network. + +**inter-system change:** change of radio access between different radio access technologies such as GSM and UMTS + +**in GSM,....:** qualifier indicating that this paragraph applies only to GSM System + +**in UMTS,....:** qualifier indicating that this paragraph applies only to UMTS System + +**near real time:** near real time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than 1 minute + +**observed IMEI ticket:** record used to describe an EIR relevant event e.g. a blacklisted IMEI + +**offline charging:** charging mechanism where charging information **does not** affect, in real-time, the service rendered + +**online charging:** charging mechanism where charging information can affect, in real-time, the service rendered and therefore a direct interaction of the charging mechanism with session/service control is required + +**real time:** real time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than 1 s + +**successful call:** connection that reaches the communication or data transfer phase e.g. the "answered" state for speech connections + +All other connection attempts are regarded as unsuccessful. + +**tariff period:** part of one (calendar) day during which a particular tariff is applied + +Defined by the time at which the period commences (the switch-over time) and the tariff to be applied after switch-over. + +**tariff:** set of parameters defining the network utilization charges for the use of a particular service + +**UMTS only:** indicates that this clause or paragraph applies only to a UMTS system + +For multi-system cases this is determined by the current serving radio access network. + +## 3.2 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +| | | +|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| A | Interface between an MSC and a BSC | +| Bc | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the Circuit Switched CGF to the BD. | +| Gd | Interface between an SMS-GMSC and an SGSN, and between a SMS-IWMSC and an SGSN | +| Gs | Interface between an SGSN and an MSC/VLR. | +| Iu | Interface between the RNS and the core network. It is also considered as a reference point | +| kbit/s | Kilobits per second. $1 \text{ kbit/s} = 2^{10} \text{ bits per second}$ . | +| Mbit/s | Megabits per second. $1 \text{ Mbit/s} = 2^{20} \text{ bits per second}$ . | +| Mc | Interface between the MGW and (G)MSC server | +| R | Reference point between a non-ISDN compatible TE and MT. Typically this reference point supports a standard serial interface. | + +| | | +|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Um | Interface between the Mobile Station (MS) and the GSM fixed network part. | +| Uu | Interface between the Mobile Station (MS) and the UMTS fixed network part. | +| PS | Packet Switched | +| TAP | Transferred Account Procedure | +| CFB | Call Forwarding on Busy | +| CFNRY | Call Forwarding on No Reply | +| ANM | ANswer Message | + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [50], 3GPP TS 32.240 [1] and the following apply: + +| | | +|------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 3G | 3 rd Generation | +| 3GPP | 3 rd Generation Partnership Project | +| AoC | Advice of Charge | +| BD | Billing Domain | +| BS | Billing System | +| CAI | Charge Advice Information | +| CAMEL | Customized Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic | +| CCF | Charging Collection Function | +| CDF | Charging Data Function | +| CDR | Charging Data Record | +| CGF | Charging Gateway Function | +| CGI | Cell Global Identifier | +| CPH | Call Party Handling | +| CS | Circuit Switched | +| CTF | Charging Trigger Function | +| DP | Detection Point | +| EDP | Event Detection Point | +| EIR | Equipment Identity Register | +| EMS-Digits | North American Emergency Service Routing Digits | +| EMS-Key | North American Emergency Service Routing Key | +| FCI | Furnish Charging Information | +| FTAM | File Transfer, Access and Management | +| GMSC | Gateway MSC | +| gsmSCF | GSM Service Control Function | +| gsmSSF | GSM Service Switching Function | +| HLR | Home Location Register | +| HPLMN | Home PLMN | +| HSCSD | High Speed Circuit Switched Data | +| ICA | Initiate Call Attempt | +| IMEI | International Mobile Equipment Identity | +| IMSI | International Mobile Subscriber Identity | +| ISDN | Integrated Services Digital Network | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunications standardization sector | +| JIP | Jurisdiction Information Parameter | +| LAC | Location Area Code | +| LCS | LoCation Service | +| LR | Location Request | +| LRN | Location Routing Number | +| MAP | Mobile Application Part | +| MLC | Mobile Location Center | +| MOC | Mobile Originated Call (attempt) | +| MO-LR | Mobile Originated - Location Request | +| MS | Mobile Station | +| MSC | Mobile Switching Centre | +| MSRN | Mobile Station Roaming Number | +| MTC | Mobile Terminated Call (attempt) | +| MTRF | Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding | +| MT-LR | Mobile Terminated - Location Request | + +| | | +|--------|------------------------------------------------------| +| NE | Network Element | +| NetLoc | Network provided Location information | +| NI-LR | Network Induced - Location Request | +| OCS | Online Charging System | +| O-CSI | Originating - CAMEL Subscription Information | +| PLMN | Public Land Mobile Network | +| PSTN | Public Switched Telephony Network | +| RDI | Restricted Digital Information | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| SAC | Service Area Code | +| SAI | Service Area Identification | +| SCF | Service Control Function | +| SCI | Subscriber Controlled Input | +| SCI | Send Charging Information | +| SCUDIF | Service Change and UDI/RDI Fallback | +| SMS | Short Message Service | +| SRF | Specialised Resource Function | +| T-CSI | Terminating - CAMEL Subscription Information | +| TDP | Trigger Detection Point | +| UI | User Interaction | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| USSD | Unstructured Supplementary Service Data | +| UDI | Unrestricted Digital Information | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| VAS | Value Added Service | +| VCC | Voice Call Continuity | +| VLR | Visitor Location Register | +| VMSC | Visited MSC | +| VPLMN | Visited PLMN | +| VT-CSI | Visited Terminating - CAMEL Subscription Information | + +# 4 Architecture considerations + +## 4.1 High level CS domain architecture + +Figure 4.1 shows the 3G logical architecture as described in 3GPP TS 23.002 [103]. Refer to 3GPP TS 23.002 [103] for a description of the reference points not covered in the present document. + +![3G logical architecture diagram showing various network elements and their interconnections.](ddc7460821484f1ae2835c67955c554c_img.jpg) + +1. + +The diagram illustrates the 3G logical architecture with the following components and interfaces: + +- CS-MGW (Circuit Switched Media Gateway):** Multiple instances connected to PSTN and other network elements. Interfaces include PSTN, Mc, Nb, and LuCS. +- GMSC server:** Connected to CS-MGW and HSS. Interfaces include PSTN, Rx, and S9. +- PCRF (PDN Connectivity Network Function):** Connected to GMSC server, GGSN, and HSS. Interfaces include Gx, Gxc, and Gn. +- HSS (HLR, AuC):** Central database for subscriber information. Interfaces include C, Ne, D, F, Gs, Gf, Gn, Gxc, and Gr/S6d. +- EIR (Equipment Identity Register):** Connected to HSS and SGSN. Interfaces include D, F, Gs, and Gf. +- GGSN (PDN Gateway):** Connected to PCRF, HSS, and PDN-GW. Interfaces include Gi, Gp, Gx, Gn, and S9. +- PDN-GW (PDN Gateway):** Connected to GGSN and S-GW. Interfaces include SGi, S8, S5, and Gx. +- S-GW (Serving Gateway):** Connected to PDN-GW, SGSN, and MME. Interfaces include S8, S5, S11, S12, S6a, and S3. +- SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node):** Connected to GGSN, HSS, EIR, and S-GW. Interfaces include Gn, Gxc, Gr/S6d, Gf, Gs, S3, S11, and S13. +- MME (Mobility Management Entity):** Connected to S-GW, SGSN, and RNC. Interfaces include S11, S12, S6a, and S3. +- BSS (Base Station System):** Contains BSC and BTS. BSC interfaces include Abis, Um, and LuCS. BTS interfaces include Abis. +- RNS (Radio Network Subsystem):** Contains RNC and Node B. RNC interfaces include Iur, IuPS, and S1-MME. Node B interfaces include Iub. +- E-UTRAN:** Contains eNB. eNB interfaces include S1-MME, S1-U, X2, and Uu. +- MS (Mobile Station):** Contains ME, SIM, and USIM. ME interfaces include Uu, SIM-ME i/f, or Cu, and X2. + +3G logical architecture diagram showing various network elements and their interconnections. + +Figure 4.1: Overview of the 2G, 3G CS and PS and E-UTRAN PS logical architecture + +The 3rd Generation Mobile system is logically implemented on the GSM/GPRS structure through the addition of a new air interface supported by two network nodes, the RNC and the Node B. No inference should be drawn about the physical configuration on an interface from figure 4.1. + +The CAMEL entities are not shown in figure 4.1. For the relationship ship of the CAMEL entities to the core network entities illustrated above, refer to3GPP TS 23.002 [103]. + +## 4.2 CS domain offline charging architecture + +Figure 4.2.1 illustrates the 3rd Generation charging logical architecture, which is subdivided by the two transmission planes, the Circuit Switched (CS) domain and the Packet Switched (PS) domain. The entities of the CS domain are encircled by the related box on the left hand side of the figure. + +![Diagram of 3G charging logical architecture showing Service Domain, CS Domain, and PS Domain components and their connections to a Billing System.](f6e8acf9f931452d01688d311b5c0364_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the 3G charging logical architecture, divided into three main domains: Service Domain, CS Domain, and PS Domain. + +- Service Domain:** Contains the **MMS Relay Server**. It connects to the PS Domain via the **GGSN**. +- CS Domain:** Enclosed in a dashed box on the left. It includes: + - Top MSC group:** A grey box containing **MGW**, **gsm SSF**, and **GMSC Server**. It connects to the PSTN and the **HLR**. + - Bottom MSC group:** A grey box containing **VMSC Server**, **gsm SSF**, and **MGW**. It connects to the **HLR** and external interfaces **A** (luCS) and **Mc**. + - gsm SCF:** A central component connected to the **HLR** and both MSC groups. + - HLR:** A central database component connected to both MSC groups, the **gsm SCF**, and the **GGSN**. +- PS Domain:** Enclosed in a dashed box on the right. It includes: + - GGSN:** Gateway GPRS Support Node connected to the Service Domain, **HLR**, and **CGF**. + - SGSN:** Serving GPRS Support Node connected to the **HLR**, **gprs SSF**, and **CGF**. It connects to external interfaces **Gb** (luPS) and **Gn**. + - gprs SSF:** Connected to the **SGSN** and the **CGF**. + - CGF:** Charging Gateway Function connected to the **GGSN**, **SGSN**, and the **Billing System**. +- Billing System:** A large yellow box on the far right that receives **CDR** (Call Detail Records) from the **CGF**, **GGSN**, and **SGSN**. + +Interfaces and connections are labeled as follows: **PSTN**, **Gi**, **Gp**, **Mc**, **CAP**, **D**, **C**, **Gc**, **Gr**, **Ga**, **Gn**, **A** (luCS), **Gb** (luPS). + +Diagram of 3G charging logical architecture showing Service Domain, CS Domain, and PS Domain components and their connections to a Billing System. + +Figure 4.2.1 : 3G charging logical architecture + +The components grouped in the grey boxes constitute what was referred to as the "MSC" prior to 3GPP Release 4. The boxes which show red lines are those that are relevant for CS domain charging. While not shown explicitly in figure 4.2.1, the VLR may also generate CDRs (cf. figure 4.1 for the relationship between VLR and MSC server). In addition, the gsmSCF may also produce CDRs, however, these are not subject to 3GPP standardization. + +Figure 4.2.2 specifies the mapping of the 3GPP common charging architecture, as laid down in 3GPP TS 32.240 [1], onto the CS domain. + +As depicted in figure 4.2.2, all charging functions (CTF, CDF and CGF) reside within each CS Network Element (i.e. the MSC server, the VLR, and the HLR). Thus, the CS nodes are connected directly to the Billing Domain via the Bc reference point. This implies that there exists no separate CDF and CGF for the CS domain, and no corresponding open interfaces between any such functions, within the 3GPP standards. + +However, vendors may choose to implement separate CDF and CGF for the CS domain. In that case, the interfaces between these functions should comply with the definition of the Rf and Ga reference points (3GPP TS 32.299 [50] and 3GPP TS 32.295 [54], respectively) as much as possible. + +![Diagram of CS offline charging architecture showing a CS-NE connected to a BD via the Bc reference point.](9b6b5924b48bf2fd5f347f88f06f45b3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the CS offline charging architecture. On the left, a green rectangular box labeled 'CS-NE' contains a grey rounded rectangle labeled 'CTF/CDF/CGF'. A blue horizontal line, representing the 'Bc' reference point, connects the 'CTF/CDF/CGF' box to an orange rectangular box labeled 'BD' on the right. The label 'Bc' is positioned above the connection line. + +Diagram of CS offline charging architecture showing a CS-NE connected to a BD via the Bc reference point. + +Figure 4.2.2: CS offline charging architecture + +## 4.3 CS domain online charging architecture + +CS domain online charging is implemented by CAMEL techniques as described in 3GPP TS 23.078 [207] and 3GPP TS 29.078 [212], i.e. outside the scope of the 32 series of charging TSs. + +NOTE: that the CDRs described in the present document do contain CAMEL information. This is because some of that information is relevant to offline charging in case of CAMEL control of (part of) the call, and thus needs to be captured in the offline charging information. However, this is not related to the online charging functions for the CS domain. + +# 5 CS domain charging principles and scenarios + +## 5.1 CS domain charging principles + +The following high-level requirements summarize the more detailed requirements of 3GPP TS 22.115 [102]. + +1. to provide a CDR for all charges incurred and requiring settlement between the different commercial roles; +2. to allow itemized billing for all services (including CAMEL) charged to each subscription, including voice and data calls, and services offered by home environments, taking into account: + - information provided by the user (including authentication parameters, etc.); + - information provided by the serving network (including Serving Network Id, timestamps, etc.); + - information provided by the service (including charged party, long calling, multimedia, etc.). +3. to allow fraud control by the Home Environment and the Serving network. + +### 5.1.1 General aspects of Charging Data + +Charging Data Record (CDR) generation and contents should be flexible and unnecessary redundancy in data should be avoided. Charging data are collected for successful and selected unsuccessful subscriber transactions. The subscriber transaction is seen as being successful in the MSC server (where the CDR is generated) either if a call is answered or if the Short Message Service Centre has confirmed the successful receipt of a mobile originated short message. + +Unsuccessful call attempts are recorded in the case of partial record generation due to CAMEL FollowOnCalls. If in such a call constellation the answer state is reached at least once, subsequent unsuccessful set-up of a connection configuration is also recorded in order to provide a complete sequence of FIRST, INTERMEDIATE and LAST records. + +At termination of the subscriber transaction these data are formatted into CDRs. These records are forwarded onto MSC server's CGF which constitutes the source for further transportation of that data to the Billing Domain via the Bc reference point, see 3GPP TS 32.297 [52]. For the purpose of the present document, the CDRs are considered to be collected, in near real-time, by the following network elements: the MSC servers, MGWs, and location registers (VLR/HLR). + +The data collected by the network elements are sent to ("pushed"), or collected by ("pulled"), the Billing Domain for storage and further processing. The CDR transfer across the Bc reference point is specified in detail in 3GPP TS 32.297 [52]. + +Similarly, the tariff data required by the network elements to provide on-line charging information are distributed by the appropriate management system. This function, however, is outside the scope of 3GPP standardization. + +### 5.1.2 Charging information + +The MSC server and Gateway MSC server are responsible for the collection of all charging relevant information for each MS and PSTN connection and for the storage of this information in the form of CDRs. + +Circuit switched calls can be charged in one MSC server (the anchor MSC server) where all relevant data is available. That is guaranteed by routing all signalling information through the anchor MSC server even if the traffic channel of a call is routed through another MSC server due to handover. + +The Gateway MSC server acts as a gateway into other PLMNs or fixed networks. Within the PLMN, the GMSC server is responsible for the generation of CDRs for calls routed from or into other networks. + +If subscribed CAMEL services apply to MS, the (G)MSC servers contain CAMEL subscription data providing the information required for invocation of the CAMEL dialogues for controlling the MS terminating and MS originating calls. Charging data record parameters resulting from the CAMEL treatment applying to MS calls is derived from the CAMEL subscription data. + +In addition to user subscribed services, specific dialled CAMEL services might be invoked which also influence existing records or even trigger the generation of separate records steered by service logic. + +Each CDR captures all charging information relevant to the call, or in case of partial CDRs (see clause 5.1.3.6), the portion of a call that the CDR covers. Depending on the type of CDR and the node producing it, this includes information on tele- and bearer services (which may include radio resource usage) and supplementary service invocation / termination. As far as tele- and bearer services are concerned, all service information is embedded in the appropriate CS CDR, i.e. there are no specific "service CDRs" in the CS domain. For Supplementary Services, the exact treatment is specified in clause 5.1.3.3. + +In addition to the information collected from the network elements, network management functions are required for the administration of on-line charging data stored in the MSC servers. This data is employed to drive the charge display in the Mobile Station (MS) as required by the Advice of Charge (AoC) service and defined by 3GPP TS 22.086 [204] and 3GPP TS 22.024 [203]. + +#### 5.1.2.1 Subscriber billing + +The charging data collected from the HPLMN, interrogating PLMN, and/or VPLMN network elements is employed to determine the network utilization charges for the basic and supplementary services utilized by the home subscribers of the PLMN. The charges calculated are then combined with the network access (subscription) charges and billed to those customers directly serviced by the PLMN. + +For those subscribers handled by Service Providers, the billing information is employed for both wholesale (Network Operator to Service Provider) and retail (Service Provider to Subscriber) billing. Consequently, having been processed by the PLMN Billing System, the charging data collected from the network elements may also be sent to the Service Provider for further processing. + +#### 5.1.2.2 Settlements of Charges + +##### 5.1.2.2.1 Inter-PLMN accounting + +Inter-PLMN accounts for roaming traffic are determined in accordance with ITU-T principles (see ITU-T Recommendation D.93 [300]) and are settled by means of the GSM Association's Transferred Account Procedure (TAP). + +##### 5.1.2.2.2 "Visitors" from other PLMNs + +The CDRs collected from the network also include details of the services employed by visiting (roaming) subscribers. The charges for Mobile Originated Calls (MOCs) and for supplementary services used are calculated as for home subscribers, converted to an agreed accounting currency and included in the CDRs for the TAP. Even if Mobile Terminated Calls (MTCs) are zero-priced in the visited network (VPLMN), in the absence of "optimized routing" the MTC TAP records are still required by the home network (HPLMN) in order to determine the re-routing charges from the HPLMN to the VPLMN. + +The TAP records generated are exchanged with each HPLMN on a regular basis. These TAP records form the basis of the invoice submitted by the VPLMN for the traffic carried. + +##### 5.1.2.2.3 "Home" subscribers roaming in other PLMNs + +The HPLMN receives TAP records from each VPLMN for services employed by home subscribers whilst roaming. These records are employed to verify the invoices from the VPLMN and to bill the home subscribers for the services used. The charges contained in the TAP records are converted from the accounting currency to the local currency and a handling surcharge (mark-up) is added if required. The TAP records are subsequently passed to the subscriber billing process described in clause 5.1.2.1. + +##### 5.1.2.2.4 Settlement with other networks + +The settlement of accounts with the operators of other networks (fixed / mobile) for traffic carried, is generally performed on a bulk basis according to the principles outlined in the ITU-T Recommendations D-series. + +The traffic accounted for in this manner may include: + +- outgoing (Mobile to Mobile/Land) traffic; +- incoming (Land/Mobile to Mobile) traffic; +- transit traffic, carried by intermediate networks; + +- signalling (MAP/SCCP, CAP/SCCP) traffic such as location updates. + +Accounting information may also be required for the use of services provided by other operators such as short message service centres and other Value Added Service (VAS) providers. + +The charges for the various traffic shares may be determined on the basis of the CDRs generated by the network elements or on the basis of bulk counters (accounting meter records) in the gateway MSC servers (GMSC servers). For the purpose of the present document, the management information required is assumed to be derived from CDRs. The management of accounting meters is outside the scope of the present document. + +In GSM, the radio resources used for various connection types are roughly identical, hence no differentiation of the connection types is needed for the purpose of inter-network accounting. In UMTS, however, the radio bandwidth allocated to a connection may be much higher compared to GSM, even though the connection looks identical from the perspective of the gateway MSC server. Therefore it is necessary that the gateway CDRs capture the cases where "higher-than-normal" radio bandwidth is occupied. An example of a narrow band radio connection is the standard AMR voice call. An example of a wideband service, using the same landline channel but much more radio resources, is the use of BS30 for video telephony. + +Given that - in contrast to the serving MSC server - the gateway MSC server cannot distinguish the cases described above, the serving MSC server is capable of returning information on the bearer capability back to the GMSC server so that this information can be added to the gateway CDR for incoming connections. For further details of this functionality, refer to 3GPP TS 29.007 [213]. + +#### 5.1.2.3 Service Information + +The charging data collected from the network elements may be used to provide statistical information concerning the use of services, by both home and visiting subscribers, within the network. In addition, the introduction of new services and / or modifications to the tariffs of existing services may also require the distribution of the appropriate tariff information to the network elements for Advice of Charge purposes. + +### 5.1.3 Special cases and considerations + +The following clauses provide detailed consideration on CS domain specific items and topics. + +#### 5.1.3.1 AoC service + +In addition to the information collected from these Network Elements, network management functions are required for the administration of on-line charging data stored in the MSC server. Two levels of AoC service are available: information level and charging level. The information level is used only to provide AoC information to the user. For the charging level, if no approval of the AoC information by the MS is received in the MSC server, the call is released immediately. + +This data is employed to drive the charge display in the Mobile Station (MS) as required by the advice of charge (AoC) service and defined by 3GPP TS 22.086 [64] and 3GPP TS 22.024 [63]. Information used by the AoC service shall include a combination of the following: + +- one or more basic services; and/or +- one or more supplementary services; and/or +- one or more network specific services; and/or +- one or more power capability classes (MS classmark); and/or +- the type of radio traffic channel used/ requested; +- the transparency mode of the basic service employed (transparent/non-transparent); +- the type of call or connection (e.g. MOC/MTC). + +This list may also be extended to include additional network specific parameters. + +Parameters sent to the mobile station during the operation of the AoC service are recorded in the appropriate CDRs. + +#### 5.1.3.2 CAMEL services + +A CAMEL service can be activated for originating, forwarded and terminated calls and originating SMS. Several fields describing CAMEL subscription and free format data are recorded to appropriate CDR. For originating and forwarded calls two different CAMEL services can be active and part of stored information is different depending on the CAMEL call model and which triggers occur. CAMEL fields describing usage level of service, CAMEL modified parameters and CAMEL initiated call forwarding include information for one call leg including impacts on all CAMEL services. + +#### 5.1.3.3 Use of supplementary services + +The recording of supplementary service usage permits the Billing Domain (BD) to specify the supplementary service actions (invocation, registration, etc.). + +In addition to specifying the actions to be recorded, the BD may also determine how these events are to be recorded. Non-call related events, such as the administration of supplementary services by the subscriber via the MMI of the MS, shall result in the production of supplementary service action records. Call related events (e.g. invocation of supplementary services) shall be recorded "in-line" in the appropriate CDR and / or in a separate SS-action record depending on the configuration specified by the BD. + +Where the use of a supplementary service results in the production of further connections (e.g. call forwarding, multi-party service etc.) additional CDRs shall be produced to describe the relevant connections. The use of such services is described in more detail both in this clause and in the example scenarios. + +#### 5.1.3.4 Use of call forwarding + +When one of the call forwarding services is used, the charging function of the MSC server that forwards the call, shall produce the MOC record for the forwarded part of the call. + +For further information concerning the recording of call forwarding services see the example scenarios in clauses 5.2.1.6 and 5.2.1.7. + +#### 5.1.3.5 Use of call hold and multi-party services + +The use of the call hold service shall be recorded either in-line in the appropriate CDR or in a separate supplementary service "invocation" record as described above. The duration for which the call is held, i.e. is inactive, is not recorded. + +The use of the multi-party service requires a minimum of 3 subscribers and the use of a conference circuit. For the purpose of the following description the subscriber invoking the service is referred to as the conference originator ("A") and the conference call is regarded as consisting of a number of individual "legs" between the conference originator and the other parties ("B", "C", etc.) in the call. + +Normal MOC and MTC CDRs shall be generated for each party and each leg of the call. In addition, if common equipment records are enabled, a common equipment record shall be produced for the conference originator in order to record the use of a conference bridge and to record the total duration of the conference connection. + +EXAMPLE: Subscriber "C" calls subscriber "A". Subscriber "A" places the call from "C" on hold and makes a second call to subscriber "B". Subscriber "A" then invokes the multi-party service in order to set-up a conference call with "B" and "C". + +Assuming that the appropriate types of record are enabled, the following CDRs shall be produced: + +- An MOC record for subscriber "C" and the "C"->"A" leg of the call; +- An MTC record for subscriber "A" and the "C"->"A" leg of the call; +- An MOC record for subscriber "A" and the "A"->"B" leg of the call; +- An SS-Action record for the invocation of the call hold service by subscriber "A"; +- An MTC record for subscriber "B" and the "A"->"B" leg of the call; +- An SS-Action record for the invocation of the multi-party service by subscriber "A"; +- A common equipment record for the use of the conference bridge by subscriber "A". + +Each of the MOC/MTC records for the conference originator ("A") shall include the supplementary service code for the multi-party service. + +Any subsequent action affecting only one leg of the connection shall be recorded either in a separate supplementary service action record or in-line in the appropriate CDR. Any action affecting the conference as a whole e.g. the originator holding the conference shall be recorded either in a separate supplementary service action record or in the common equipment usage record. + +For further information concerning the recording of multi-party services see the example scenario in clause 5.2.1.9. + +#### 5.1.3.6 Partial records + +In order to increase the security of the recording process and to simplify post-processing, it may be desirable to generate a sequence of CDRs to describe a single connection or transaction. + +In case of connections of extended duration, the loss of a single CDR may result in an unacceptable loss of revenue. If the connection is, for example, recorded in a number of consecutive partial records generated at say hourly intervals, then the maximum loss of revenue is the equivalent of a one hour continuous connection. + +Most modern billing systems employ some form of cumulative credit-limit checking based on the stream of input CDRs. If however, a CDR is only produced at the end of the connection then a subscriber may avoid such credit checking by employing a connection for days, weeks or even months without a single CDR being produced. + +All of the records defined in the present document are of variable length and some at least are potentially unlimited in size (SET OF, SEQUENCE OF, etc.). However, the storage capacity of the internal records within the network element is normally subject to strict size limitations. Under such conditions a partial record may be required in order to circumvent internal resource limitations. For example, if an internal MOC record can only support the use of four supplementary service invocations then the use of a fifth may result in the generation of a partial record. + +Alternatively, for those manufacturers whose systems are based on fixed length records, partial records may be employed instead of the various lists contained within the present document definitions. In such cases a partial record will be produced each time one of the key fields alters during the connection. + +Finally, in case of radio link failure and subsequent call re-establishment partial records shall be generated to record the duration of the call prior to the radio link failure and the subsequent duration of the call once the call has been re-established. + +To summarize, the following events may result in the generation of a partial record: + +- expiry of the partial record timer; +- change of basic service during a connection; +- change of location (MCC+MNC+ LAC or Cell Id. or the Service Access Code, for UMTS) during a connection; +- change of MS classmark during a connection; +- change of AoC Parameters during a call; +- change of Radio Channel Type (full/half rate) during a call; +- radio link failure and subsequent call re-establishment; +- change of HSCSD Parameters (for GSM only) during a call; +- change of CAMEL destination (CAMEL controlled/initiated) during a call; +- CAMEL CPH operations on call legs. + +All partial records for the same connection shall contain the same call reference and shall be ordered via a running sequence number. The time stamps involved shall apply to the individual partial records rather than the connection as a whole i.e. the "end" time stamp (duration) of one record shall, in general, coincide with the "start" time stamp (answer time) of the next. Each time a new partial record is created the cause for termination field of the previous record shall contain the value "partial record". The cause for termination of the final partial record shall contain the true cause for termination of the connection. + +It should be noted that the records produced in case of call re-establishment are not contiguous and that the value of the cause for term field in the record that is closed on radio link failure contains the value "partial record call re-establishment". + +The partial records generated may repeat each of the non-varying fields contained in the original record. Alternatively, a form of reduced partial record may be generated which includes only those fields required to identify the original record together with the field(s) that actually change. + +#### 5.1.3.7 Use of circuit-switched data services + +If data services are employed in conjunction with a Packet-Switched Public Data Network (PSPDN) then an MOC/MTC CDR may be produced in the originating/terminating MSC server and a gateway record in the gateway/interworking MSC server. If the packet volume is not available within the PLMN then this information may also be provided in the form of a CDR from the PSPDN. In such cases the Billing System is responsible for the correlation of the various records describing the connection. The definition of such PSPDN CDRs is outside the scope of the present document. + +#### 5.1.3.8 Inter-MSC server handover + +In the case of an inter-MSC server handover the controlling MSC server, as defined by 3GPP TS 23.009 [65], remains in control of the connection and shall therefore, produce the CDR. For the avoidance of doubt, it is not necessary to produce CDRs in the subsequent MSC server(s). + +#### 5.1.3.9 Call re-establishment + +In case of radio link failure as described in 3GPP TS 24.008 [68], the MS may attempt to re-establish the call using the procedures described in 3GPP TS 24.008 [68]. + +For the time period between the detection of the radio link failure by the mobile station and the successful re-establishment of the call, the advice of charge function in the MS is suspended as described in 3GPP TS 24.086 [23]. In order to minimize the difference in charges between the on-line calculations performed by the MS and the off-line processing on the basis of the CDRs, it is necessary to exclude the time taken for the re-establishment phase from the chargeable duration stored in the CDRs. + +If the re-establishment attempt fails then an ordinary CDR (MOC/MTC) shall be produced with the cause for termination value "stable call abnormal termination". The chargeable duration stored in this record covers the time period from "Answer" to the detection of the radio link failure by the MSC server. + +If, the attempt to re-establish the call succeeds then the current CDR shall be closed with the cause for termination value "partial record call re-establishment" and a new partial record shall be opened for the re-established call. The chargeable duration stored in the original record is once again the time period from "answer" to detection of the radio link failure by the MSC server. Both the "seizure" and "answer" times of the subsequent partial record correspond to the time at which the new traffic channel is allocated for the re-established call. + +Further radio link failures during the re-established call may result in the generation of additional partial records as described above. All of the partial records belonging to the same connection are identified by the same call reference and a running sequence number. + +NOTE: As the MS and MSC server may detect the radio link failure at different points in time, it is not possible to guarantee that the duration used for the AOC display corresponds to that recorded in the CDRs. The purpose of the above procedure is merely to minimize any discrepancies that may occur. + +#### 5.1.3.10 Restricted directory numbers + +In addition to the information pertaining to the served mobile subscriber (IMSI, MSISDN, etc.), the CDRs defined in the present document also contain the directory numbers of other parties involved in the recorded connections or transactions. In order to comply with data protection legislation, it is necessary to distinguish between those numbers that may be passed on to third parties and those that needs to be handled confidentially. As a result, each of the number fields (e.g. calling/connected number) contains the presentation and screening information defined in both TS 24.008 [68] and ISUP signalling. If this information is supported by the network, then even restricted numbers may be included in the appropriate records and suppressed off-line by the administration or billing system. If this information is not supported then the entire directory number shall be suppressed by the MSC server/VLR. + +#### 5.1.3.11 IMEI Observation + +In order to provide the data required by the mobile equipment management activities outlined in the previous clauses, the MSC server shall be capable of producing IMEI tickets for each of the following events: + +- usage of a blacklisted IMEI; +- usage of a greylisted IMEI; +- usage of an IMEI not found on the white list. + +An observed IMEI ticket is generated whenever greylisted, blacklisted or non-white listed mobile equipment is detected during an IMEI check. The purpose of the ticket is to link the mobile equipment under observation with its current user (IMSI). The ticket also includes information describing when and where the equipment was used to enable the tracking of such equipment. Finally, if the ticket was triggered by a call attempt, a call reference is provided in order to locate the corresponding CDR. + +The IMEI tickets are generated by the MSC server performing the IMEI check. + +#### 5.1.3.12 Triggers for LCS-MT-CDR, LCS-MO-CDR and LCS-NI-CDR Charging Information Collection + +The LCS CDRs (LCS-MT-CDR, LCS-MO-CDR and LCS-NI-CDR) are used to collect charging information related to the LCS features that the PLMN provides in the Packet-Switched domain. + +These records include details such as Record Type, Served IMSI, Sequence Number etc. The LCS records are generated based on the following trigger conditions: + +- the LCS-MO-CDR, when the MSC receives the RANAP "Location report" message from the RNC; +- the LCS-MT-CDR, when the MSC receives the RANAP "Location report" message from the RNC; +- the LCS-NI-CDR, when the MSC receives the RANAP "Location report" message from the RNC. + +#### 5.1.3.13 BS30 Accounting + +BS30 is an example where the serving network may use a substantially higher radio bandwidth than for a standard voice call. While the invocation of this service, including the used radio resources, can be captured in the serving MSC server, this is not possible in the GMSC server. However, if the inter-network accounting is done based on GMSC CDRs, this information is needed by the GMSC server in order to provide the required CDR information. To that end, the serving MSC server can provide this information back to the GMSC server. See clause 5.1.2.2.4 for further details. + +#### 5.1.3.14 CAMEL Call Party Handling service + +The following applies to MSCs that are capable of CAMEL Call Party Handling (CPH): + +For calls where CAMEL Call Party Handling (CPH) is involved, one separate record is generated per call segment. The CAMEL CPH service may be applied to originating, forwarded and terminated calls as well as SCP initiated calls. + +For MO, MT and CF call attempts, the fields related to the incoming leg are recorded in the main body. The fields related to the outgoing legs of that call segment are recorded in the respective grouped field (CAMEL call leg information) per outgoing leg. User Interactions (UI) are recorded in a separate grouped field like outgoing legs. + +Records for gsmSCF initiated call attempts differ to MO, MT and CF records in the following way: no leg information shall be recorded in the main body. + +Where the use of CPH result in the creation of further call legs in one call segment, additional grouped fields shall be added to the respective CDR. + +Where the use of CPH result in the creation of further call legs in a new call segment, a further CDR shall be generated. + +A CDR is closed when the last leg of the call segment disappeared (moved out, disconnected, etc. ) from the call segment. + +When a call leg is moved from one call segment to another, the grouped field for that call leg is closed in the respective CDR and a new grouped field is opened in the CDR of the call segment the call leg was moved to. + +When the incoming leg (recorded in the main body), is moved from one call segment to another, the grouped field(s) for the outgoing call leg(s) is/are aligned to reflect the new call constellation. + +User interactions (announcements etc.) are recorded in the CDR of the related call segment as a separate grouped field similar to call legs. + +The leg specific fields listed below shall be recorded in the grouped field 'CAMEL Call Leg Information' instead of using the counterpart in the main body. The counterparts of those fields in the main body are maintained for compatibility reasons to earlier releases. + +- CAMEL Destination Number +- Translated Number +- Connected Number +- Roaming Number +- Outgoing TKGP (in 'CAMEL Call Leg Information' this item is called MSC outgoing TKGP) +- Additional Chg. Info +- Default call handling 2 +- GsmSCF address 2 +- Service key 2 +- Free format data 2 (in 'CAMEL Call Leg Information' this item is called Free format data incoming 2) +- Free format data append indicator 2 (in 'CAMEL Call Leg Information' this item is called Free format data append incoming 2) + +**Editor's note: both parameters from the second FCI operation should be clarified, also in the CDR table** + +- Location Routing Number (LRN) +- LRN Source Indicator +- LRN Query Status Indicator +- JIP Parameter +- JIP Source Indicator +- JIP Query Status Indicator + +#### 5.1.3.15 Service Change and Fallback + +Service Change and UDI/RDI Fallback (SCUDIF) provides the possibility of changing the transport bearer capabilities for circuit switched multimedia applications using 64 kbit/s UDI refer 3GPP TS 23.172 [209]. + +It allows users to achieve successful call establishment when end to end circuit-switched (CS) multimedia is not possible (fallback to speech) or when signalling of the feature is not possible in the network (fallback to preferred service). Furthermore, it allows the users to swap between a multimedia service and basic speech during an established call. + +SCUDIF functionality encloses two sub-functionalities: + +- Service-Change: when two services (multimedia and speech) are available during the active call, users may request a Service-Change to switch between the two services. +- Fallback: when two services (multimedia and speech and visa versa) are proposed but only one of them is available or wanted, only the available service is selected, e.g. fallback from multimedia to speech. + +**Editor's note:** More details for the charging description are needed. + +#### 5.1.3.16 CS Fallback and SMS over SGs + +CS Fallback is defined in 3GPP TS 23.272 [214] and provides a mechanism to move a UE from EUTRAN PS only access to CS to deliver voice service i.e. over GSM or UMTS access. As a result, charging procedures for call handling are performed as per GSM and UMTS access. + +Within SMS over SGs also defined in 3GPP TS 23.272 [214], SMS is delivered in the EUTRAN NAS signalling via the SGs interface between the MME and the MSC/VLR. + +#### 5.1.3.17 Enhanced MSC server for SRVCC support + +The standard MSC behaviour is enhanced for supporting Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC) between E-UTRAN access and UTRAN/GERAN accesses, between UTRAN (HSPA) access and UTRAN/GERAN accesses, for voice calls and emergency calls anchored in the IMS, as defined in TS 23.216 [215]. Charging is provided from the MSC server enhanced for SRVCC for successful calls/emergency calls transfer. + +When session transfer procedure from IMS to CS is performed by MSC server enhanced for SRVCC interfacing IMS through a SIP interface, according to TS 23.237, this MSC server enhanced for SRVCC behaves as an end-point of the IMS domain, and as such, generates an IMS Charging Identifier (ICID) in order to allow correlation. See TS 32.260 [50] for IMS Charging Identifier (ICID) definition. + +The Network provided Location information (NetLoc) is described in the TS 23.228 [211] and for emergency service request using PCC-based solutions for the UE location in TS 23.167[218]. + +In addition to the standard MSC Server behaviour, an MSC Server that has been enhanced for ICS shall provide the User Location Information (e.g. CGI or SAI) and/or UE Time Zone for an identified ICS user as specified in TS 23.292[219]. + +#### 5.1.3.18 Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information (MTRF) + +Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information (MTRF) procedure is described in TS 23.018 [216] and provides a mechanism to reroute a terminating call while the called mobile is simultaneously moving from an old to a new MSC/VLR. + +The charging procedures for call handling are performed as for a terminating call in the new MSC/VLR to which the call is rerouted. Dedicated charging is provided by the old MSC/VLR from which the call is rerouted as a result of MTRF procedure, in order to complete the set of CDRs produced along the path of the call and avoid charging duplication. + +When the terminating call is rerouted towards a new MSC/VLR which is located in a different PLMN than the Old MSC/VLR, a roaming CDR is produced by the Old MSC/VLR, even when the new MSC/VLR resides in HPLMN. + +The same charging behaviour applies for Roaming Forwarding for CS Fallback defined in 3GPP TS 23.272 [214]. + +## 5.2 CS domain offline charging scenarios + +### 5.2.1 Basic principles + +This clause contains a number of example scenarios illustrating the purpose and practical usage of the various types of records defined in the previous clauses. These examples are by no means exhaustive. + +For the purpose of these examples, the following assumptions have been made: + +- that the MSC server and VLR are co-located; +- that the records are sent to a post-processing system; +- that the generation of all of the record types described in this clause has been enabled; +- that the HLR interrogation records are produced in the HLR and not the interrogating MSC server; +- that supplementary service actions are recorded in separate CDRs. + +The following conventions have been used for the figures contained within this clause: + +- 1) Network connections and signalling transactions are illustrated by means of solid lines and referenced by number e.g. (1); +- 2) Operation & Maintenance actions, such as the transfer of CDRs, are represented by means of dotted lines and referenced by letter e.g. (A); +- 3) The Billing System has been included in some, but not all, of the examples. The only reason for this decision is to simplify the resulting figures. The presence of a Billing System is assumed even if not explicitly included. + +The following examples are included: + +- 1) Mobile to Land (outgoing) call; +- 2) Land to Mobile (incoming) call; +- 3) Mobile to Mobile call within the same network; +- 4) Incoming call to a roaming subscriber; +- 5) Incoming call to a PLMN Service Centre; +- 6) Call Forwarding Unconditional; +- 7) Call Forwarding conditional (on Busy); +- 8) Delivery of a Mobile Terminated Short Message; +- 9) Call Hold and Multi-party services; +- 10) Outgoing call handled by CAMEL; +- 11) Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection; +- 12) Incoming call to a roaming subscriber handled by CAMEL; +- 13) Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection decided and forwarding leg handled by CAMEL; +- 14) Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded early using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL; +- 15) Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded late using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL; +- 16) Early forwarded call controlled by CAMEL; +- 17) Late forwarded call controlled by CAMEL; + +- 18) Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection initiated by CAMEL feature; +- 19) Incoming call handled by CAMEL in MSC Server without redirection; +- 20) Outgoing call handled by CAMEL Dialled CSI Trigger; +- 21) Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection decided and forwarding leg handled by CAMEL; +- 22) gsmSCF initiated wake-up call handled by CAMEL CPH; +- 23) Three party conference handled by CAMEL CPH; +- 24) Mobile terminated location request. + +#### 5.2.1.1 Mobile to land (outgoing) call + +Figure 5.2.1.1 illustrates a simple outgoing call from a PLMN subscriber "A" to a fixed network subscriber "B" (1). + +The originating MSC server (MSC-A) shall generate an MOC record for subscriber "A". + +The GMSC server shall create an outgoing gateway record for accounting with the fixed network including details of the point at which the call left the PLMN i.e. the GMSC server id. and outgoing trunk group. This record also includes time stamps to determine both the holding time of the outgoing trunk and the duration of the conversation. + +Even if the MSC server and GMSC server are co-located both records shall be produced. + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the PLMN (A). + +![Diagram of a mobile to land (outgoing) call flow. A mobile subscriber 'A' sends a call to an MSC-A, which then routes it through a GMSC to an ISDN/PSTN network, reaching subscriber 'B'. Both MSC-A and GMSC send records to a Billing System.](15e4a144a88176b71ea3eff2722253b0_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the call flow for a mobile to land (outgoing) call. At the bottom, a mobile subscriber 'A' (represented by a mobile phone icon) initiates a call to the MSC-A (Mobile Switching Center). The MSC-A routes the call upwards to the GMSC (Gateway MSC). From the GMSC, the call is routed out of the HPLMN (Home PLMN) box into the ISDN/PSTN network (represented by a large green oval). Inside the HPLMN, there is also an HLR (Home Location Register) and a Billing System. Dashed arrows indicate the flow of records: one from the MSC-A to the Billing System (labeled 'A'), and another from the GMSC to the Billing System (labeled '1'). Solid arrows with circled '1' labels indicate the call path: from the mobile subscriber 'A' to the MSC-A, from the MSC-A to the GMSC, and from the GMSC to the ISDN/PSTN network, finally reaching subscriber 'B' (represented by a landline phone icon). + +Diagram of a mobile to land (outgoing) call flow. A mobile subscriber 'A' sends a call to an MSC-A, which then routes it through a GMSC to an ISDN/PSTN network, reaching subscriber 'B'. Both MSC-A and GMSC send records to a Billing System. + +Figure 5.2.1.1: Mobile to land (outgoing) call + +#### 5.2.1.2 Land to mobile (incoming) call + +Figure 5.2.1.2 illustrates a simple incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a PLMN subscriber "B". + +The incoming call is first routed to a GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes to record the point at which the call entered the network together with the time stamps required to calculate the holding time of the incoming trunk and the conversation duration. This gateway record shall contain the IMSI of the called subscriber. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to determine his current location (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation CDR. + +The GMSC server routes the call to the MSC server at which the subscriber is currently registered (3). This terminating MSC server (MSC-B) shall create an MTC record for subscriber "B". + +Even if the MSC server and GMSC server are co-located both the MTC and gateway records shall be produced. + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the PLMN (A). + +![Diagram of a land to mobile (incoming) call flow. A fixed network subscriber 'A' (represented by a telephone icon) initiates a call (1) into the ISDN/PSTN network. The call is then routed (1) into the HPLMN (Home PLMN) to the GMSC (Gateway MSC). The GMSC sends an interrogation (2) to the HLR (Home Location Register). The HLR responds (3) to the GMSC, which then routes the call to the MSC-A (Mobile Switching Center). The HLR also sends information (A) to the Billing System. The MSC-A sends information (A) to the Billing System. The MSC-A is connected to a mobile subscriber 'B' (represented by a mobile phone icon).](7a02de7ed198501f7a4f6ca37c3f28c5_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD + A[A] -- 1 --> ISDN_PSTN((ISDN/PSTN)) + ISDN_PSTN -- 1 --> GMSC[GMSC] + GMSC -- 2 --> HLR[(HLR)] + HLR -- 3 --> GMSC + GMSC -- 3 --> MSC_A[MSC-A] + HLR -- A --> Billing_System[Billing System] + MSC_A -- A --> Billing_System + MSC_A --> B[B] +``` + +Diagram of a land to mobile (incoming) call flow. A fixed network subscriber 'A' (represented by a telephone icon) initiates a call (1) into the ISDN/PSTN network. The call is then routed (1) into the HPLMN (Home PLMN) to the GMSC (Gateway MSC). The GMSC sends an interrogation (2) to the HLR (Home Location Register). The HLR responds (3) to the GMSC, which then routes the call to the MSC-A (Mobile Switching Center). The HLR also sends information (A) to the Billing System. The MSC-A sends information (A) to the Billing System. The MSC-A is connected to a mobile subscriber 'B' (represented by a mobile phone icon). + +Figure 5.2.1.2: Land to mobile (incoming) call + +#### 5.2.1.3 Mobile to mobile call within the same network + +Figure 5.2.1.3 illustrates a simple mobile to mobile call from subscriber "A" to subscriber "B" both within the same PLMN. + +The originating MSC server (MSC-A) shall produce an MOC record for the call to subscriber "B". + +Having received a set-up request from subscriber "A" (1), MSC-A interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to determine his current location (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation CDR. + +MSC-A routes the call to the MSC server at which subscriber is currently registered (3). This terminating MSC server (MSC-B) shall create an MTC record for subscriber "B". If MSC-A and MSC-B are co-located, then both the MOC and the MTC records shall be produced in the same MSC for this call. + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the PLMN. + +![Diagram of a mobile to mobile call within the same network (HPLMN).](e9b43ac020435f8121e8592f31afdc52_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the network architecture and call flow for a mobile-to-mobile call within the same HPLMN. The network contains a TMSC (Top MSC), an HLR (Home Location Register), a Billing System, and two MSCs: MSC-A (Originating) and MSC-B (Terminating). Subscriber A is connected to MSC-A, and Subscriber B is connected to MSC-B. The call flow is as follows: (1) Subscriber A sends a set-up request to MSC-A. (2) MSC-A sends an HLR interrogation to the HLR. (3) The HLR returns the current location of Subscriber B to MSC-A. (4) MSC-A routes the call to MSC-B. (5) MSC-B connects to Subscriber B. (6) Both MSC-A and MSC-B send records (MOC and MTC respectively) to the Billing System. The Billing System is also connected to the HLR. + +Diagram of a mobile to mobile call within the same network (HPLMN). + +Figure 5.2.1.3: Mobile to mobile call + +#### 5.2.1.4 Incoming call to a roaming subscriber + +Figure 5.2.1.4 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a PLMN subscriber "B" who is currently roaming in another PLMN. + +The call is first routed to a GMSC server (1) and the GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for accounting purposes as described in clause 5.2.1.2. The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to determine his current location (2). The HLR shall create an Interrogation event record. + +The GMSC server routes the call to the VPLMN in which subscriber "B" is currently located (3). The GMSC server shall create an outgoing gateway record for accounting purposes. The GMSC server shall also create a roaming record. This record includes the IMSI of the "B" subscriber and may be used as a cross-check for the TAP information received from the VPLMN. + +The call is then routed by the VPLMN to the MSC server at which the subscriber is currently located (4). The GMSC server of the VPLMN shall produce an incoming gateway record and the terminating MSC server shall create an MTC record for the call to "B". + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the appropriate PLMN (A). The MTC record generated by the terminating MSC server shall be employed to create the appropriate MTC TAP record. The TAP records shall be included in a TAP file and transmitted to the HPLMN (B). + +![Diagram of an incoming call to a roaming subscriber](7fe7bcb3d40736e0b29d9f48ff3cc026_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the flow of an incoming call to a roaming subscriber. At the top, a telephone icon labeled 'A' represents the fixed network subscriber. An arrow labeled '1' points from 'A' to a central oval labeled 'ISDN/PSTN'. From the 'ISDN/PSTN' oval, an arrow labeled '1' points down to a 'GMSC' box within a green rectangular area labeled 'HPLMN'. A double-headed arrow labeled '2' connects the 'GMSC' to a 'HLR' (cylinder icon). A dashed arrow labeled 'A' points from the 'HLR' to a 'Billing System' box. A dashed arrow labeled '3' points from the 'GMSC' to the 'Billing System'. A dashed line labeled 'B' connects the 'Billing System' in the HPLMN to another 'Billing System' box within a second green rectangular area labeled 'VPLMN'. From the 'ISDN/PSTN' oval, an arrow labeled '4' points down to a 'GMSC' box in the VPLMN. A dashed arrow labeled 'A' points from this 'GMSC' to the 'Billing System' in the VPLMN. A solid arrow labeled '4' points from the 'GMSC' to an 'MSC-B' box. A dashed arrow labeled 'A' points from 'MSC-B' to the 'Billing System' in the VPLMN. Finally, a solid arrow labeled '4' points from 'MSC-B' to a mobile phone icon labeled 'B', representing the roaming subscriber. + +Diagram of an incoming call to a roaming subscriber + +Figure 5.2.1.4: Incoming call to a roaming subscriber + +#### 5.2.1.5 Incoming call to a PLMN service centre + +Figure 5.2.1.5 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a Service Centre directly connected to an MSC server within a PLMN network. Examples for services provided by such a Service Centre include Voice Mail services, Operator services, etc. + +The call is routed to a GMSC server within the PLMN (1). The GMSC server analyses the dialled digits and routes the call directly to the MSC server to which the Service Centre is connected (2). + +As HLR interrogation is not required, there will be no HLR Interrogation record. The GMSC server shall however, create an incoming gateway record based on the point at which the call entered the network and the destination (Service Centre) of the call. + +The MSC server then connects the calling subscriber to the service centre. As no mobile subscriber is involved, the MSC server will not create an MTC record, however, the MSC server shall create a transit record describing the destination of the call. + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the PLMN (A). + +It should be noted that without the transit record, the MSC server would not generate a record for this connection. + +![Diagram of an incoming call to a PLMN service centre](f64e1e0997695248c0cd4122c5b1a170_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the call flow for an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber 'A' to a Service Centre within a PLMN. The call originates from subscriber 'A' (represented by a telephone icon) and enters the network via the ISDN/PSTN. The call is first routed to the GMSC (Gateway MSC) within the HPLMN (Home PLMN). The GMSC then routes the call to the Transit MSC, which in turn routes it to the Service Centre. The GMSC and the Transit MSC both generate records (indicated by dashed arrows labeled 'A') that are sent to the Billing System. The call flow is numbered: 1 for the initial routing to the GMSC, 2 for the subsequent routing to the Transit MSC and then to the Service Centre. + +``` +graph TD; A[A] -- 1 --> ISDN_PSTN((ISDN/PSTN)); ISDN_PSTN -- 1 --> GMSC[GMSC]; GMSC -- 2 --> Transit_MSC[Transit MSC]; Transit_MSC -- 2 --> Service_Center[Service Center]; GMSC -.-> Billing_System[Billing System]; Transit_MSC -.-> Billing_System; subgraph HPLMN; GMSC; Transit_MSC; Service_Center; Billing_System; end; +``` + +Diagram of an incoming call to a PLMN service centre + +Figure 5.2.1.5: Incoming call to a PLMN service centre + +#### 5.2.1.6 Call forwarding unconditional + +Figure 5.2.1.6 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile subscriber "B" who has registered and activated Call Forwarding Unconditional (CFU) for the appropriate service. The call is subsequently forwarded to a second fixed network subscriber "C". + +For simplicity the registration and activation of CFU have not been included in the diagram. These actions shall of course be recorded in the appropriate supplementary service records. + +The incoming call is routed to a GMSC server (1). This part of the connection is identical to the scenario outlined in clause 5.2.1.2. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to determine his current location (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation CDR. The HLR informs the GMSC server that "B" has activated CFU to subscriber "C". + +The GMSC server forwards the call to the fixed network subscriber "C" (3). The GMSC server shall create an MTC record for the "B" subscriber for the call from "A" and an MOC (call forwarding) record for the "B" subscriber for the call to "C". Both records shall contain the supplementary service employed (CFU). The GMSC server shall also produce an outgoing gateway record as described in clause 5.2.1.1. + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the HPLMN (A). + +![Diagram of call forwarding unconditional scenario](80ec3bf791fd8eb41f73a420c2122529_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the call flow for unconditional call forwarding. At the top, a green oval represents the ISDN/PSTN network. Subscriber "A" (represented by a telephone icon) sends an incoming call (1) into this network. The call is then routed (1) down into the HPLMN (Home Packet Link Management Network), which is shown as a large green rectangle. Inside the HPLMN, the call first reaches the GMSC (Gateway Mobile Switching Center). The GMSC then sends an interrogation (2) to the HLR (Home Location Register). The HLR responds and sends a record (A) to the Billing System. The GMSC then forwards the call (3) back up into the ISDN/PSTN network, where it is delivered to subscriber "C" (represented by a telephone icon). Below the GMSC is the MSC (Mobile Switching Center), which is connected to subscriber "B" (represented by a mobile phone icon). A dashed line indicates a logical or signaling path from the GMSC to the Billing System. + +Diagram of call forwarding unconditional scenario + +Figure 5.2.1.6: Call forwarding unconditional + +#### 5.2.1.7 Call forwarding conditional (on busy) + +Figure 5.2.1.7 illustrates a mobile originated call from subscriber "A" to a second mobile subscriber "B" who has registered and activated Call Forwarding on Busy (CFB) for the appropriate service. The call is subsequently forwarded to a third mobile subscriber "C". In this example, all three subscribers are currently located within the same (the home) network. + +For simplicity the registration and activation of CFB have not been included in the diagram. + +Having received a set-up request from subscriber "A" (1), the originating MSC server (MSC-A) interrogates the HLR of subscriber "B" in order to determine his current location (1a). The call is then routed to MSC-B (2). + +MSC-A shall create an MOC record for subscriber "A" containing details of the call to "B". The HLR shall produce an HLR interrogation record. + +On determining that subscriber "B" is busy and that CFB is active, the forwarding MSC server/VLR (MSC-B) interrogates the HLR of subscriber "C" to determine his current location (2a) and forwards the call accordingly (3). + +MSC-B shall produce an MTC record for the "B" subscriber for the call from "A" and an MOC record for the "B" subscriber for the call to "C". Both records shall include the supplementary service employed (CFB). The HLR shall produce an Interrogation record. + +The terminating MSC server (MSC-C) shall create a normal MTC record for subscriber "C". + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the PLMN. + +![Diagram illustrating Call forwarding conditional (busy) within the HPLMN. Subscriber A (mobile originated) sends a call request (1) to MSC-A. MSC-A interrogates the HLR (1a) for subscriber B's location. MSC-A routes the call to MSC-B (2). MSC-B determines B is busy and forwards the call to MSC-C (3). MSC-B interrogates the HLR (2a) for subscriber C's location. MSC-C routes the call to subscriber C (3). Subscriber B is shown as 'busy'.](6361dfaef83c9ffc3b147e1627ba76a1_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD + subgraph HPLMN + A((A)) -- 1 --> MSC_A[MSC-A] + MSC_A -- 1a --> HLR[(HLR)] + MSC_A -- 2 --> MSC_B[MSC-B] + MSC_B -- 2a --> HLR + MSC_B -- 3 --> MSC_C[MSC-C] + MSC_C -- 3 --> C((C)) + B((B)) --- Busy["busy"] + end +``` + +Diagram illustrating Call forwarding conditional (busy) within the HPLMN. Subscriber A (mobile originated) sends a call request (1) to MSC-A. MSC-A interrogates the HLR (1a) for subscriber B's location. MSC-A routes the call to MSC-B (2). MSC-B determines B is busy and forwards the call to MSC-C (3). MSC-B interrogates the HLR (2a) for subscriber C's location. MSC-C routes the call to subscriber C (3). Subscriber B is shown as 'busy'. + +Figure 5.2.1.7: Call forwarding conditional (busy) + +#### 5.2.1.8 Delivery of a mobile terminated short message + +Figure 5.2.1.8 illustrates the delivery of a short message to a mobile subscriber. + +The short message service centre delivers the message to a GMSC server or gateway function (1). The GMSC server shall create an SMS gateway MT record. + +The GMSC server then interrogates the HLR of the subscriber to determine his current location (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. + +The message is subsequently transmitted to the MSC server serving the mobile subscriber and finally to the mobile station of that subscriber (3). The MSC server shall create an SMS MT record. + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the post-processing system of the HPLMN (A). + +![Diagram illustrating the delivery of a short message to a mobile subscriber within the HPLMN. The diagram shows the flow from SMS-SC to SMS-GMSC (1), then to HLR (2), then to MSC-B (3), and finally to the mobile station (B). Records are also shown being transferred to the Billing System (A).](1841f348dfa81a3438d4e1f8465d9ac7_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; subgraph HPLMN; SMS-SC[SMS-SC] -- 1 --> SMS-GMSC[SMS-GMSC]; SMS-GMSC <--> |2| HLR[(HLR)]; SMS-GMSC -- 3 --> MSC-B[MSC-B]; HLR -.-> |A| BillingSystem[Billing System]; MSC-B -.-> |A| BillingSystem; MSC-B --> B[B]; end +``` + +Diagram illustrating the delivery of a short message to a mobile subscriber within the HPLMN. The diagram shows the flow from SMS-SC to SMS-GMSC (1), then to HLR (2), then to MSC-B (3), and finally to the mobile station (B). Records are also shown being transferred to the Billing System (A). + +Figure 5.2.1.8: Delivery of a short message to a mobile subscriber + +#### 5.2.1.9 Call hold and multi-party service + +Figure 5.2.1.9 illustrates the use of the call hold and multi-party services. + +A mobile subscriber ("A") sets up an outgoing call (1) to an ISDN subscriber ("B"). This call is recorded as outlined in clause 5.2.1.1. + +Subscriber "A" then invokes the call hold service. MSC-A shall produce a supplementary service action record for the invocation. + +Subscriber "A" then sets up a side-call (2) to a second mobile subscriber ("C") within the same network. This call is recorded as outlined in clause 5.2.1.3. + +Subscriber "A" subsequently invokes the multi-party service in order to set up a three-party conference with "B" and "C". MSC-A shall produce a common equipment record for the use of a conference circuit by subscriber "A". This record shall record the duration of the whole conference irrespective of the number of parties subsequently added to, or removed from the conference connection. + +Note that the MOC records produced by MSC-A for both the A -> B and A -> C legs of the conference shall contain the supplementary service code for multi-party. + +![Diagram illustrating call hold and multi-party service setup between a mobile subscriber (A), an ISDN subscriber (B), and another mobile subscriber (C) via a GMSC and MSCs (A and C) within an HPLMN.](05d8710f69c476939295486ab1440350_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows the network architecture and call flow for call hold and multi-party services. At the top, an ISDN/PSTN network is represented by a green oval. An ISDN subscriber 'B' (represented by a telephone icon) is connected to this network. Below it, the HPLMN (Home Packet Layer Network) is shown as a large green rectangle. Inside the HPLMN, there is a GMSC (Gateway MSC) connected to the ISDN/PSTN. The GMSC is connected to MSC-A, which is in turn connected to mobile subscriber 'A' (represented by a mobile phone icon). MSC-A is also connected to a Billing System, which is connected to MSC-C, which is connected to mobile subscriber 'C' (represented by a mobile phone icon). The Billing System is connected to both MSC-A and MSC-C via dashed lines labeled 'A'. The call flow is indicated by numbered arrows: (1) from subscriber 'A' to the ISDN/PSTN, and (2) from subscriber 'A' to the Billing System. The diagram also shows the connection between the ISDN/PSTN and the HPLMN via the GMSC. + +Diagram illustrating call hold and multi-party service setup between a mobile subscriber (A), an ISDN subscriber (B), and another mobile subscriber (C) via a GMSC and MSCs (A and C) within an HPLMN. + +Figure 5.2.1.9: Call hold and multi-party service + +#### 5.2.1.10 Outgoing call handled by CAMEL + +Figure 5.2.1.10 illustrates an outgoing CAMEL call from a mobile CAMEL subscriber "A" to a fixed network subscriber "B" (1). + +The "A" subscriber has an active O-CSI (stored in the VLR). Therefore MSC server-A requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to the gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (2). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to MSC-A. + +MSC server-A generates an MOC record for the "A" subscriber. This record may be linked to an optional SCF-record. The record includes O-CSI data. + +The GMSC server routes the call to the "B" subscriber (3). The GMSC server shall create an outgoing gateway record as described in clause 5.2.1.1. + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the HPLMN (A). + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.10: Records Generated for an Outgoing Call Handled by CAMEL** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|-------------------------|------------|-----| +| Outgoing gateway record | MOC record | - | + +![Sequence diagram of an outgoing call handled by CAMEL. The diagram shows the interaction between a mobile station (A), gsmSCF, MSC-A/gsmSSF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, and Billing System within an HPLMN, connecting to an ISDN/PSTN and then to a mobile station (B).](78ff716475b2f65bf01c3a4d02d89fc4_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signaling flow for an outgoing call from mobile station A to mobile station B, handled by CAMEL within the HPLMN. The components involved are: + +- Mobile Station A:** Initiates the call with O-CSI(A-B). +- gsmSCF:** Service Control Function that interacts with the MSC. +- MSC-A/gsmSSF:** Mobile Switching Center/Service Switching Function that routes the call. +- GMSC/gsmSSF:** Gateway MSC/Service Switching Function that connects to the external network. +- HLR:** Home Location Register that provides routing information. +- Billing System:** Records call details for billing. +- ISDN/PSTN:** External network connecting to mobile station B. + +The sequence of operations is as follows: + +- Mobile station A sends a call request with O-CSI(A-B) to MSC-A/gsmSSF. +- MSC-A/gsmSSF sends a query to gsmSCF. +- gsmSCF sends a response back to MSC-A/gsmSSF. +- MSC-A/gsmSSF sends a call setup message to GMSC/gsmSSF. +- GMSC/gsmSSF sends a query to HLR. +- HLR returns routing information to GMSC/gsmSSF. +- GMSC/gsmSSF routes the call to ISDN/PSTN. +- ISDN/PSTN connects to mobile station B. +- MSC-A/gsmSSF sends a billing message to the Billing System. + +Sequence diagram of an outgoing call handled by CAMEL. The diagram shows the interaction between a mobile station (A), gsmSCF, MSC-A/gsmSSF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, and Billing System within an HPLMN, connecting to an ISDN/PSTN and then to a mobile station (B). + +Figure 5.2.1.10: Outgoing call handled by CAMEL + +#### 5.2.1.11 Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection + +Figure 5.2.1.11 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "B". + +The incoming call is first routed to the GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to fetch the T-CSI (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. + +The "B" subscriber has an active T-CSI. Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (3). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. The GMSC server shall generate a terminating CAMEL record which contains T-CSI data. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR in order to determine his current location (4). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. + +The call is routed to MSC-B (5). An MTC record shall be generated. + +For avoidance of doubt, even if the MSC server and GMSC server are co-located both the MTC and gateway records shall be produced. + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the HPLMN (A). + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.11: Records Generated for an Incoming Call Handled by CAMEL without Re-direction** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|--------------------------|------------|--------------------------| +| Incoming gateway record | MTC record | HLR interrogation record | +| Terminating CAMEL record | | | + +![Sequence diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection. The diagram shows the interaction between a caller (A), ISDN/PSTN, gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, Billing System, and the target subscriber (B) with T-CSI(A-B).](9f6dec4d4e9fde40bce018861ef1278e_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signaling flow for an incoming call to subscriber B, identified by T-CSI(A-B), handled by CAMEL without redirection. The components involved are: Caller A (represented by a telephone icon), ISDN/PSTN (represented by an oval), gsmSCF (Service Control Function), GMSC/gsmSSF (Gateway MSC/Service Switching Function), HLR (Home Location Register), MSC-B/gsmSSF (Mobile Switching Center), Billing System, and Subscriber B (represented by a mobile phone icon). + +The sequence of messages is as follows: + +- Caller A initiates a call to the ISDN/PSTN. +- The ISDN/PSTN routes the call to the GMSC/gsmSSF. +- The GMSC/gsmSSF sends a query to the gsmSCF. +- The gsmSCF sends a response to the GMSC/gsmSSF. +- The GMSC/gsmSSF sends a query to the HLR. +- The HLR returns routing information to the GMSC/gsmSSF. +- The GMSC/gsmSSF routes the call to the MSC-B/gsmSSF. +- The MSC-B/gsmSSF sends a message to the Billing System. +- The MSC-B/gsmSSF routes the call to the target subscriber B. + +Sequence diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection. The diagram shows the interaction between a caller (A), ISDN/PSTN, gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, Billing System, and the target subscriber (B) with T-CSI(A-B). + +Figure 5.2.1.11: Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection + +#### 5.2.1.12 Incoming call to a roaming subscriber handled by CAMEL + +Figure 5.12 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "B" who is currently roaming in another PLMN. + +The call is first routed to a GMSC server (1) and the GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to fetch the T-CSI (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. + +The "B" subscriber has an active T-CSI. Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (3). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. The GMSC server shall generate a terminating CAMEL record which contains T-CSI data. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR in order to determine his current location (4). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. + +The GMSC server routes the call to the VPLMN in which subscriber "B" is currently located (5). The GMSC server shall create an outgoing gateway record for accounting purposes. The GMSC server shall also create a roaming record. This record includes the IMSI of the "B" subscriber and may be used as a cross-check for the TAP information received from the VPLMN. + +The call is then routed by the VPLMN to the MSC server at which the subscriber is currently located (6). The GMSC server of the VPLMN shall produce an incoming gateway record and the terminating MSC server shall create an MTC record for the call to "B". + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the appropriate PLMN (A). The MTC record generated by the terminating MSC server shall be employed to create the appropriate MTC TAP record. The TAP records shall be included in a TAP file and transmitted to the HPLMN (B). + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.12.1: Records Generated in the HPLMN for an Incoming Call to a Roaming Subscriber Handled by CAMEL** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|--------------------------|------------|--------------------------| +| Incoming gateway record | - | HLR interrogation record | +| Terminating CAMEL record | | | +| Roaming record | | | +| Outgoing gateway record | | | + +The following records are generated in VPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.12.2: Records Generated in the VPLMN for an Incoming Call to a Roaming Subscriber Handled by CAMEL** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|-------------------------|------------|-----| +| Incoming gateway record | MTC record | - | + +![Sequence diagram of an incoming call to a roaming subscriber handled by CAMEL. The diagram shows interactions between a mobile station (A), ISDN/PSTN, HPLMN (Home PLMN) components (gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, Billing System), and VPLMN (Visited PLMN) components (gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, Billing System, MSC-B/gsmSSF, mobile station B). Numbered steps 1-6 and lettered markers A and B indicate the sequence of signaling messages.](c99bf3a0530a3e58f5f2d2790ba7441b_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signaling flow for an incoming call to a roaming subscriber (B) in the VPLMN, originating from a mobile station (A) via the ISDN/PSTN. The Home PLMN (HPLMN) contains a gsmSCF, a GMSC/gsmSSF, an HLR, and a Billing System. The Visited PLMN (VPLMN) contains a gsmSCF, a GMSC/gsmSSF, a Billing System, and an MSC-B/gsmSSF. The sequence of operations is as follows: + +- The call from A enters the ISDN/PSTN. +- The ISDN/PSTN routes the call to the HPLMN's GMSC/gsmSSF (labeled 1). +- The GMSC/gsmSSF in the HPLMN sends a query to the gsmSCF (labeled 3). +- The gsmSCF sends a response to the GMSC/gsmSSF (labeled 2). +- The GMSC/gsmSSF then queries the HLR (labeled 4). +- The HLR provides routing information to the GMSC/gsmSSF. +- The GMSC/gsmSSF in the HPLMN routes the call back to the ISDN/PSTN (labeled 5). +- The ISDN/PSTN then routes the call to the VPLMN's GMSC/gsmSSF (labeled 5). +- The GMSC/gsmSSF in the VPLMN sends a query to its gsmSCF (labeled 6). +- The gsmSCF in the VPLMN sends a response to the GMSC/gsmSSF (labeled 6). +- The GMSC/gsmSSF in the VPLMN routes the call to the MSC-B/gsmSSF (labeled 6). +- The MSC-B/gsmSSF in the VPLMN routes the call to the subscriber B (labeled 6). + +Additional signaling elements include: + +- A dashed arrow from the HPLMN's GMSC/gsmSSF to its Billing System, labeled with a circled 'A'. +- A dashed arrow from the VPLMN's Billing System to its MSC-B/gsmSSF, labeled with a circled 'A'. +- A dashed arrow from the HPLMN's Billing System to the VPLMN's Billing System, labeled with a circled 'B'. + +Sequence diagram of an incoming call to a roaming subscriber handled by CAMEL. The diagram shows interactions between a mobile station (A), ISDN/PSTN, HPLMN (Home PLMN) components (gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, Billing System), and VPLMN (Visited PLMN) components (gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, Billing System, MSC-B/gsmSSF, mobile station B). Numbered steps 1-6 and lettered markers A and B indicate the sequence of signaling messages. + +Figure 5.2.1.12: Incoming call to a roaming subscriber handled by CAMEL + +#### 5.2.1.13 Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection decided and forwarding leg handled by CAMEL + +Figure 5.2.1.13 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "B". The call is subsequently forwarded to a second fixed network subscriber "C" by CAMEL initiated Call Forwarding. + +The incoming call is routed to the GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to fetch the T-CSI and O-CSI (2). + +The "B" subscriber has an active T-CSI. Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (3). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +The gsmSCF modifies the Called Party number and sets the CAP parameter 'Apply O-CSI'. When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. The GMSC server shall generate a terminating CAMEL record which contains T-CSI data. + +The "B" subscriber has an active O-CSI. Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (4). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. + +The GMSC server redirects the call to the fixed network subscriber "C" (5). The GMSC server shall generate an MTC record for the "B" subscriber for the call from "A" and an MOC (call forwarding) record for the "B" subscriber for the call to "C". The MOC record includes O-CSI data and the parameter 'CAMEL initiated CF indicator'. The GMSC server shall also produce an outgoing gateway record as described in clause 5.2.1.1. + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the HPLMN (A). + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.13: Records Generated in the Incoming Call with Redirection Decided and Forwarded Leg Handled by CAMEL** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|--------------------------|------------|--------------------------| +| Incoming gateway record | - | HLR interrogation record | +| Terminating CAMEL record | | | +| MTC record | | | +| MOC (CF) record | | | +| Outgoing gateway record | | | + +![Sequence diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection. The diagram shows interactions between ISDN/PSTN, gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, and Billing System within the HPLMN. Callers A and C are shown at the top. Numbered arrows 1-5 show the call flow. A dashed arrow labeled A points to the Billing System. A box labeled B contains T-CSI(A-B) and O-CSI(B-C).](8269648391c59363ea61243864a2adf7_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signaling flow for an incoming call from the ISDN/PSTN to a mobile network (HPLMN). The components involved are: + +- ISDN/PSTN:** The external network where the call originates. +- HPLMN (Home PLMN):** The mobile network containing the following elements: + - gsmSCF:** Service Control Function. + - GMSC/gsmSSF:** Gateway Mobile Switching Center/Service Switching Function. + - HLR:** Home Location Register. + - MSC-B/gsmSSF:** Mobile Switching Center/Service Switching Function. + - Billing System:** System for call billing. +- Caller A:** Initiates the call (step 1). +- Caller C:** Receives the call (step 5). +- Box B:** Contains T-CSI(A-B) and O-CSI(B-C), likely representing call forwarding information. + +**Sequence of operations:** + +- Call from A to ISDN/PSTN. +- ISDN/PSTN to GMSC/gsmSSF (step 1). +- GMSC/gsmSSF to HLR (step 2). +- HLR to gsmSCF (step 3). +- gsmSCF to GMSC/gsmSSF (step 4). +- GMSC/gsmSSF to ISDN/PSTN (step 5). +- HLR to Billing System (dashed arrow A). + +Sequence diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection. The diagram shows interactions between ISDN/PSTN, gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, and Billing System within the HPLMN. Callers A and C are shown at the top. Numbered arrows 1-5 show the call flow. A dashed arrow labeled A points to the Billing System. A box labeled B contains T-CSI(A-B) and O-CSI(B-C). + +Figure 5.2.1.13: Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection decided and forwarding leg handled by CAMEL + +#### 5.2.1.14 Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded early using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL + +Figure 5.2.1.14 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "B". The call is subsequently forwarded to a second fixed network subscriber "C" by GSM SS Call Forwarding Unconditional (CFU) but controlled by CAMEL. + +For simplicity the activation and registration of CFU have not been included in the diagram. These actions shall of course be registered in the appropriate supplementary service records. + +The incoming call is routed to the GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to fetch the T-CSI and O-CSI (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. The HLR informs the GMSC server that "B" has activated CFU. + +The "B" subscriber has an active T-CSI. Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (3). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. The GMSC server shall generate a terminating CAMEL interrogation record which contains T-CSI data. + +The "B" subscriber has an active O-CSI. Because the "B" subscriber has activated CFU he acts as the originating party for the forwarded leg. Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (5). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. + +The GMSC server redirects the call to the fixed network subscriber "C" (6). The GMSC server shall generate an MTC record for the "B" subscriber for the call from "A" and an MOC (call forwarding) record for the "B" subscriber for the call to "C". The MOC record includes O-CSI data. The GMSC server shall also produce an outgoing gateway record as described in clause 5.2.1.1. + +If the B-subscriber do not have an active O-CSI the call is forwarded to the "C" subscriber after the first gsmSCF invocation, and the GMSC server shall generate an MOC (call forwarding) record for the "B" subscriber for the call to "C". + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the HPLMN (A). + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.14: Records Generated in the Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded early using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|--------------------------|------------|--------------------------| +| Incoming gateway record | - | HLR interrogation record | +| Terminating CAMEL record | | | +| MTC record | | | +| MOC (CF) record | | | +| Outgoing gateway record | | | + +![Diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded early using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL.](8e80de0cac529b2c3775d677c5203133_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signaling flow for an incoming call handled by CAMEL. The components and steps are as follows: + +- Entities:** Mobile Station A, Mobile Station C, ISDN/PSTN network, and the HPLMN (Home PLMN). +- HPLMN Internal Components:** gsmSCF-A, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, and Billing System. +- Mobile Station B:** Located at the bottom, marked with "CFU activated" and associated with T-CSI(A-B) and O-CSI(B-C). +- Flow Steps:** + - Call initiation from A through ISDN/PSTN to GMSC/gsmSSF. + - GMSC/gsmSSF queries the HLR. + - Signaling between GMSC/gsmSSF and gsmSCF-A. + - Response from gsmSCF-A to GMSC/gsmSSF. + - Call routing from GMSC/gsmSSF through ISDN/PSTN to Mobile Station C. + - (A) Billing records sent from HLR and GMSC/gsmSSF to the Billing System. + +Diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded early using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL. + +Figure 5.2.1.14: Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded early using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL + +#### 5.2.1.15 Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded late using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL + +Figure 5.2.1.15 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "B" who has registered and activated Call Forwarding on No Reply (CFNRY) for the appropriate service. The call is subsequently forwarded to a second fixed network subscriber "C". + +For simplicity the registration and activation of CFNRY have not been included in this diagram. These actions shall be recorded in the appropriate supplementary service records. + +The incoming call is routed to the GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to fetch the T-CSI and O-CSI (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. + +The "B" subscriber has an active T-CSI. Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to the gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (3). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. The GMSC server shall generate a terminating CAMEL interrogation record which contains T-CSI data. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR in order to determine his current location (4). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. + +The call is routed to MSC-B (5). The "B" subscriber do not answer the call. MSC-B shall produce an MTC record for the "B" subscriber for the call from "A". + +The "B" subscriber has an active O-CSI. Because the "B" subscriber has activated CFNRY he acts as the originating party for the forwarded leg. Therefore MSC-B requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to the gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (6). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to MSC-B. + +MSC-B forwards the call via the GMSC server to the "C" subscriber (7). MSC-B shall produce an MOC (call forwarding) for the "B" subscriber for the call to "C". The record includes O-CSI data. The GMSC server shall also produce an outgoing gateway record as described in clause 5.2.1.1. + +If the B-subscriber do not have an active O-CSI the call is forwarded to the "C" subscriber after detecting the call forwarding condition, and the GMSC server shall generate an MOC (call forwarding) record for the "B" subscriber for the call to "C". + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the HPLMN (A). + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.15: Records Generated in the Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded late using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|--------------------------|-----------------|-----| +| Incoming gateway record | MTC record | - | +| Terminating CAMEL record | MOC (CF) record | | +| Outgoing gateway record | | | + +![Sequence diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded late using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL. The diagram shows interactions between ISDN/PSTN, gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, and Billing System within the HPLMN. It includes numbered steps 1-7 and a call attempt to terminal B with CFNRy activated.](be3e5fe8be7cc5a74f67a4b8ac93193d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signaling flow for an incoming call from the ISDN/PSTN to terminal B within the HPLMN. The components involved are: + +- ISDN/PSTN:** The external network where the call originates from terminal A and is destined for terminal C. +- HPLMN (Home PLMN):** The home network containing the following elements: + - gsmSCF:** Service Control Function that manages the call. + - GMSC/gsmSSF:** Gateway MSC/Service Switching Function that receives the call from the ISDN/PSTN. + - HLR:** Home Location Register that provides routing information. + - MSC-B/gsmSSF:** Mobile Switching Center for terminal B. + - Billing System:** Records call details. +- Terminal B:** The subscriber's terminal with "CFNRy Activated" (Call Forwarding on No Reply). It is associated with T-CSI(A-B) and O-CSI(B-C). + +**Sequence of Events:** + +- The call from terminal A enters the ISDN/PSTN. +- The ISDN/PSTN sends the call (1) to the GMSC/gsmSSF within the HPLMN. +- The GMSC/gsmSSF sends a query (2) to the HLR. +- The HLR responds (3) with routing information. +- The GMSC/gsmSSF then sends a message (4) to the gsmSCF. +- The gsmSCF sends a message (5) to the MSC-B/gsmSSF. +- The MSC-B/gsmSSF attempts the call to terminal B. If unanswered, it triggers a call attempt (6) to the gsmSCF. +- The gsmSCF then instructs the GMSC/gsmSSF (7) to forward the call to terminal C via the ISDN/PSTN. + +A call attempt to terminal B is shown with the following details: + +- T-CSI(A-B) +- O-CSI(B-C) +- "CFNRy Activated" + +Sequence diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded late using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL. The diagram shows interactions between ISDN/PSTN, gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, and Billing System within the HPLMN. It includes numbered steps 1-7 and a call attempt to terminal B with CFNRy activated. + +Figure 5.2.1.15: Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection and forwarded late using GSM SS but controlled by CAMEL + +#### 5.2.1.16 Early forwarded call controlled by CAMEL + +Figure 5.2.1.16 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "B". The call is subsequently forwarded to a second fixed network subscriber "C" by GSM SS Call Forwarding Unconditional (CFU) but controlled by CAMEL. + +For simplicity the activation and registration of CFU have not been included in the diagram. These actions shall of course be registered in the appropriate supplementary service records. + +The incoming call is routed to the GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to fetch the O-CSI (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. The HLR informs the GMSC server that "B" has activated CFU. + +The "B" subscriber has an active O-CSI. Because the "B" subscriber has activated CFU he acts as the originating party for the forwarded leg. Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (3). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. + +The GMSC server redirects the call to the fixed network subscriber "C" (5). The GMSC server shall generate an MTC record for the "B" subscriber for the call from "A" and an MOC (call forwarding) record for the "B" subscriber for the call to "C". The MOC record includes O-CSI data. The GMSC server shall also produce an outgoing gateway record as described in clause 5.2.1.1. + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the HPLMN (A). + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.16: Records Generated in the Early forwarded call controlled by CAMEL** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|-------------------------|------------|--------------------------| +| Incoming gateway record | - | HLR interrogation record | +| MTC record | | | +| MOC (CF) record | | | +| Outgoing gateway record | | | + +![Diagram of early forwarded call controlled by CAMEL. It shows a call from terminal A through ISDN/PSTN to terminal C, being routed and controlled by the HPLMN's GMSC/gsmSSF, which interacts with gsmSCF-A, HLR, and a Billing System. A 'CFU activated' status is shown for terminal B.](8d66c9c295023a1380f9986d3663bb1e_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the network architecture and call flow for an early forwarded call controlled by CAMEL. At the top, two terminals, A and C, are connected to an ISDN/PSTN network. Terminal A initiates a call (step 1) which enters the ISDN/PSTN. The ISDN/PSTN then routes the call (step 1) into the Home PLMN (HPLMN) via a GMSC/gsmSSF. The GMSC/gsmSSF sends a message (step 2) to the HLR. The HLR sends a message (step 3) to the gsmSCF-A. The gsmSCF-A sends a message (step 4) back to the GMSC/gsmSSF, which then routes the call (step 4) through the ISDN/PSTN to terminal C. The HLR also sends a message (step A) to a Billing System. The GMSC/gsmSSF sends a dashed message to the Billing System. Below the Billing System, there is a box labeled 'B' with 'O-CS(B-C)' and 'CFU activated' text, indicating a call forwarding setup for terminal B. + +Diagram of early forwarded call controlled by CAMEL. It shows a call from terminal A through ISDN/PSTN to terminal C, being routed and controlled by the HPLMN's GMSC/gsmSSF, which interacts with gsmSCF-A, HLR, and a Billing System. A 'CFU activated' status is shown for terminal B. + +Figure 5.2.1.16: Early forwarded call controlled by CAMEL + +#### 5.2.1.17 Late forwarded call controlled by CAMEL + +Figure 5.2.1.17 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "B" who has registered and activated Call Forwarding on No Reply (CFNRY) for the appropriate service. The call is subsequently forwarded to a second fixed network subscriber "C". + +For simplicity the registration and activation of CFNRY have not been included in this diagram. These actions shall be recorded in the appropriate supplementary service records. + +The incoming call is routed to the GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to determine the current location (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. + +The call is routed to MSC-B (3). The "B" subscriber do not answer the call. MSC-B shall produce an MTC record for the "B" subscriber for the call from "A". + +The "B" subscriber has an active O-CSI. Because the "B" subscriber has activated CFNRY he acts as the originating party for the forwarded leg. Therefore MSC-B requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to gsmSCF-B to indicate which service logic it should apply (4). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to MSC-B. + +MSC-B forwards the call via the GMSC server to the "C" subscriber (5). MSC-B shall produce an MOC (call forwarding) for the "B" subscriber for the call to "C". The record includes O-CSI data. The GMSC server shall also produce an outgoing gateway record as described in clause 5.2.1.1. + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the HPLMN (A). + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.17: Records Generated in the Late forwarded call controlled by CAMEL** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|-------------------------|-------------------|--------------------------| +| Incoming gateway record | MTC record | HLR interrogation record | +| Outgoing gateway record | MOC (CF) record | | + +![Sequence diagram of a late forwarded call controlled by CAMEL. The diagram shows interactions between two external entities (A and C), an ISDN/PSTN network, and an HPLMN containing gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, and a Billing System. A call attempt from A is forwarded to C via the HPLMN, with CAMEL logic (gsmSCF) controlling the forwarding based on data from the HLR.](187d05bf7ead21e1394b61320d8b3632_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a call forwarding scenario within an HPLMN (Home PLMN) environment, controlled by CAMEL. The components and their interactions are as follows: + +- External Entities:** A (Caller) and C (Callee) are shown at the top, connected to the ISDN/PSTN network. +- ISDN/PSTN:** The network that receives the call from A and attempts to deliver it to C. +- HPLMN (Home PLMN):** Contains the following internal components: + - gsmSCF:** Service Control Point that executes CAMEL logic. + - GMSC/gsmSSF:** Gateway MSC/Service Switching Function that routes calls between the ISDN/PSTN and the HPLMN. + - HLR:** Home Location Register that stores subscriber data. + - MSC-B/gsmSSF:** Mobile Switching Center/Service Switching Function that handles the call for the subscriber. + - Billing System:** Connected to the HLR for accounting purposes. +- Sequence of Events:** + - The call from A enters the ISDN/PSTN (labeled 1). + - The ISDN/PSTN routes the call to the GMSC/gsmSSF within the HPLMN (labeled 1). + - The GMSC/gsmSSF sends a query to the HLR (labeled 2). + - The HLR responds with routing information to the gsmSCF (labeled 4). + - The gsmSCF sends instructions to the MSC-B/gsmSSF (labeled 3). + - The MSC-B/gsmSSF attempts the call to the subscriber (labeled "Call attempt"). + - The subscriber (B) indicates that call forwarding is active ("CFNRV activated"). + - The MSC-B/gsmSSF sends a response to the gsmSCF (labeled 5). + - The gsmSCF sends instructions back to the GMSC/gsmSSF (labeled 5). + - The GMSC/gsmSSF routes the call back to the ISDN/PSTN (labeled 5). + - The ISDN/PSTN delivers the call to the callee C (labeled 5). +- Additional Information:** + - A dashed arrow labeled "A" points from the HLR to the Billing System. + - A dashed arrow from the GMSC/gsmSSF points to the Billing System. + - Below the call attempt, a box labeled "B" is associated with "O-CSI(B-C)" and the text "CFNRV activated". + +Sequence diagram of a late forwarded call controlled by CAMEL. The diagram shows interactions between two external entities (A and C), an ISDN/PSTN network, and an HPLMN containing gsmSCF, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, and a Billing System. A call attempt from A is forwarded to C via the HPLMN, with CAMEL logic (gsmSCF) controlling the forwarding based on data from the HLR. + +Figure 5.2.1.17: Late forwarded call controlled by CAMEL + +#### 5.2.1.18 Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection initiated by CAMEL feature + +Figure 5.2.1.18 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "B". The call is subsequently redirected to a second fixed network subscriber "C" by CAMEL initiated redirection. + +The incoming call is routed to the GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to fetch the T-CSI (2) and the O-CSI (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. + +Since subscriber "B" has an active T-CSI and the trigger criteria are met the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (3). A terminating CAMEL interrogation record is generated in the GMSC server for invoking the terminating CAMEL call handling. + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +The gsmSCF returns a modified destination routing address to the GMSC server (without the option "apply O-CSI"). Therefore for the redirection leg (B-C) the CAMEL feature is not invoked. + +The GMSC server redirects the call to the fixed network subscriber "C" (4). For fixed network accounting purposes the GMSC server shall generate an outgoing gateway record as described in clause 5.2.1.1. + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the HPLMN (A). + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.18: Records Generated in the Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection initiated by CAMEL feature** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|----------------------------------------|------------|--------------------------| +| Incoming gateway record | | HLR interrogation record | +| Terminating CAMEL interrogation record | | | +| Outgoing gateway record | | | + +![Sequence diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection. The diagram shows interactions between two external entities (A and C), an ISDN/PSTN network, and an HPLMN containing gsmSCF-A, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, and a Billing System. Numbered arrows 1-4 show the call flow, and lettered arrows A and B show data/feature interactions.](a0e8fe7862a6d7341faf5dac275277cc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the following components and interactions: + +- External Entities:** A (mobile station) and C (mobile station). +- ISDN/PSTN:** The external network connecting A and C to the HPLMN. +- HPLMN (Home PLMN):** The home network containing: + - gsmSCF-A:** Service Control Point. + - GMSC/gsmSSF:** Gateway MSC/Service Switching Function. + - HLR:** Home Location Register. + - MSC-B/gsmSSF:** Mobile Switching Center/Service Switching Function. + - Billing System:** System for call billing. + +**Sequence of Interactions:** + +- Entity A sends a call request (1) to the ISDN/PSTN. +- The ISDN/PSTN forwards the call (1) to the GMSC/gsmSSF within the HPLMN. +- The GMSC/gsmSSF sends a query (2) to the HLR. +- The HLR returns information (3) to the GMSC/gsmSSF. +- The GMSC/gsmSSF interacts with gsmSCF-A (3). +- The GMSC/gsmSSF sends a response (4) back to the ISDN/PSTN. +- The ISDN/PSTN completes the call to Entity C (4). + +**Additional Interactions:** + +- A dashed arrow (A) points from the HLR to the Billing System. +- A dashed arrow (B) points from the GMSC/gsmSSF to the Billing System. + +**Stored Information:** + +- T-CSI(A-B) +- O-CSI(B-C) + +Sequence diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection. The diagram shows interactions between two external entities (A and C), an ISDN/PSTN network, and an HPLMN containing gsmSCF-A, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, MSC-B/gsmSSF, and a Billing System. Numbered arrows 1-4 show the call flow, and lettered arrows A and B show data/feature interactions. + +Figure 5.2.1.18: Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection initiated and by CAMEL feature + +#### 5.2.1.19 CAMEL Scenario for Visiting Terminator Trigger Calls + +Figure 5.2.1.19 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "B". + +The incoming call is first routed to the GMSC (1). The GMSC shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes. + +The GMSC interrogates the HLR (2) of the called subscriber. The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. The call is routed to MSC-B(3). An MTC record shall be generated in MSC-B. + +The "B" subscriber has an active VT-CSI (stored in the VLR). For avoidance of doubt in this scenario, the "B" subscriber does not have an active T-CSI in the HLR. Therefore MSC-B requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to the gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (4). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the MSC-B. The MSC-B shall generate a terminating CAMEL (TCR) record which contains VT-CSI data. + +The MSC-B routes the call to the "B" subscriber (5). + +For avoidance of doubt, even if the MSC and GMSC are co-located both the MTC/TCR and gateway records shall be produced. + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the OS (A) either as event reports following the release of the connection or when collected by the OS. + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.19: Records Generated for Visiting Terminating Trigger Calls** + +| GMSC | MSC-B | HLR | +|-------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------| +| Incoming gateway record | MTC record | HLR interrogation record | +| | Terminating CAMEL record | | + +![Sequence diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL in MSC Server without redirection. The diagram shows the interaction between a caller (A), ISDN/PSTN, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, gsmSCF, MSC-B/gsmSSF, ADC/BC, and VT-CSI(A-B).](9e8ebf03cae78f4f81b697548c2d7250_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the following sequence of events for an incoming call: + +- Step 1:** A call originates from terminal **A** (represented by a telephone icon) through the **ISDN/PSTN** network. +- Step 2:** The call is routed to the **GMSC/gsmSSF** (Gateway Mobile Switching Center/Service Switching Function). +- Step 3:** The **GMSC/gsmSSF** sends a query to the **HLR** (Home Location Register) to determine the routing path. +- Step 4:** The **HLR** responds with routing information. Simultaneously, the **GMSC/gsmSSF** sends a message to the **gsmSCF** (Service Control Function). +- Step 5:** The **gsmSCF** interacts with the **MSC-B/gsmSSF** (Mobile Switching Center/Service Switching Function). The **MSC-B/gsmSSF** then establishes a connection to the **ADC/BC** (ADC/BC) and activates the **VT-CSI(A-B)** (Visual Terminal - Calling Subscriber Information) for terminal **B**. + +Sequence diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL in MSC Server without redirection. The diagram shows the interaction between a caller (A), ISDN/PSTN, GMSC/gsmSSF, HLR, gsmSCF, MSC-B/gsmSSF, ADC/BC, and VT-CSI(A-B). + +Figure 5.2.1.19: Incoming call handled by CAMEL in MSC Server without redirection + +#### 5.2.1.20 Outgoing call handled by CAMEL with Dialled CSI Trigger + +Figure 5.2.1.20 illustrates an outgoing CAMEL call from a mobile CAMEL subscriber "A" to a fixed network subscriber "B" (1). + +The "A" subscriber has an active D-CSI (stored in the VLR and modified Called Party number matches D-CSI). Therefore MSC server-A requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to the gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (2). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to MSC-A. + +MSC server-A generates an MOC record for the "A" subscriber which contains D-CSI data. This record may be linked to an optional SCF-record. + +The GMSC server routes the call to the "B" subscriber (3). The GMSC server shall create an outgoing gateway record as described in clause 5.2.1.1. + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the post-processing system (A) either as event reports following the release of the connection or when collected by the post-processing system. + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.20: Records Generated for an Outgoing Call Handled by CAMEL** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|-------------------------|------------|-----| +| Outgoing gateway record | MOC record | - | + +![Sequence diagram of an outgoing call handled by CAMEL with Dialled CSI Trigger. The diagram shows the interaction between a mobile station (B), ISDN/PSTN, gsmSCF, GMSC (gsmSSF), HLR, Billing System, and D-CSI(A-B) within the HPLMN.](7ed5d5770331f31ade15439a21c31425_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signaling flow for an outgoing call from a mobile station (B) to the ISDN/PSTN, triggered by a Dialled CAMEL Subscription Information (D-CSI) for the number A. The call is processed within the Home PLMN (HPLMN) by the Mobile Switching Center (GMSC/gsmSSF), which interacts with the Service Control Function (gsmSCF), Home Location Register (HLR), and Billing System. The gsmSCF triggers the Billing System via a dashed arrow labeled 'A'. The call is then routed to the ISDN/PSTN and finally to the destination B. Numbered circles (1, 2, 3) indicate the sequence of events: (1) at the D-CSI(A-B) trigger, (2) between gsmSCF and MSGA/gsmSSF, and (3) between GMSC and MSGA/gsmSSF. + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant B as B + participant ISDN_PSTN as ISDN/PSTN + subgraph HPLMN + participant gsmSCF + participant GMSC as GMSC (gsmSSF) + participant HLR + participant BillingSystem as Billing System + participant MSGA as MSGA (gsmSSF) + participant DCSI as D-CSI(A-B) + end + + Note left of DCSI: (1) + DCSI->>MSGA: + MSGA->>gsmSCF: (2) + gsmSCF-->>MSGA: + MSGA-->>BillingSystem: A + GMSC-->>MSGA: (3) + MSGA-->>GMSC: + GMSC->>ISDN_PSTN: + ISDN_PSTN->>B: (3) +``` + +Sequence diagram of an outgoing call handled by CAMEL with Dialled CSI Trigger. The diagram shows the interaction between a mobile station (B), ISDN/PSTN, gsmSCF, GMSC (gsmSSF), HLR, Billing System, and D-CSI(A-B) within the HPLMN. + +Figure 5.2.1.20: Outgoing call handled by CAMEL with Dialled CSI Trigger + +#### 5.2.1.21 Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection decided and forwarding leg handled by CAMEL with Dialled CSI Trigger + +Figure 5.2.1.21 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "B". The call is subsequently forwarded to a second fixed network subscriber "C" by CAMEL initiated Call Forwarding. + +The incoming call is routed to the GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for fixed network accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to fetch the T-CSI, O-CSI and D-CSI (2). + +The "B" subscriber has an active T-CSI. Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (3). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +The gsmSCF modifies the Called Party number and sets the CAP parameter 'Apply O-CSI'. When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. The GMSC server shall generate a terminating CAMEL interrogation record which contains T-CSI data. + +The "B" subscriber has an active O-CSI. Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (4). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. + +The gsmSCF modifies the Called Party number. When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. + +The "B" subscriber has an active D-CSI (modified Called Party number matches D-CSI). Therefore the GMSC server requests instructions from the gsmSSF which passes the CAMEL service key to a gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (5). + +The gsmSCF may interrogate the HLR for subscriber information. As a network option, the operator may refuse to provide the requested information. When gsmSCF processing is complete the call control is returned to the GMSC server. + +The GMSC server redirects the call to the fixed network subscriber "C" (6). The GMSC server shall generate an MTC record for the "B" subscriber for the call from "A" and an MOC (call forwarding) record for the "B" subscriber for the call to "C". The MOC record includes O-CSI data, the parameter 'CAMEL initiated CF indicator' and D-CSI data. The GMSC server shall also produce an outgoing gateway record as described in clause 5.2.1.1. + +The generated records are subsequently transferred to the post-processing system (A) either as event reports following the release of the connection or when collected by the post-processing system. + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +**Table 5.2.1.21: Records Generated in the Incoming Call with Redirection Decided and Forwarded Leg Handled by CAMEL** + +| GMSC server | MSC server | HLR | +|--------------------------|------------|--------------------------| +| Incoming gateway record | - | HLR interrogation record | +| Terminating CAMEL record | | | +| MTC record | | | +| MOC (CF) record | | | +| Outgoing gateway record | | | + +![Diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection and forwarding leg handled by CAMEL with Dialled CSI Trigger. The diagram shows the interaction between an ISDN/PSTN network, a Home PLMN (HPLMN) containing gsmSCF, GMSC, HLR, and Billing System, and two user terminals A and C.](9b1ec0090070bdf52ea28763b8d52477_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a call flow within a Home PLMN (HPLMN) environment. At the top, two user terminals, A and C, are connected to an ISDN/PSTN network. Terminal A initiates a call (step 1) to the ISDN/PSTN, which then routes it to the GMSC (step 2) within the HPLMN. The GMSC sends a query (step 3) to the gsmSCF, which in turn queries the HLR (step 4). The HLR returns information (step 5) to the gsmSCF, which then instructs the GMSC (step 6) to route the call back to the ISDN/PSTN for terminal C. The GMSC also sends a notification (step A) to the Billing System. Below the main components, a list of triggers is shown: T-CSI(A-B), O-CSI(B-C), and D-CSI(B-C). A box labeled 'B' is associated with these triggers. + +``` +graph TD + subgraph HPLMN + gsmSCF[gsmSCF] + GMSC["GMSC +gsmSSF"] + HLR[(HLR)] + BillingSystem[Billing System] + MSGB["MSGB/ +gsmSSF"] + gsmSCF <--> |3| GMSC + GMSC <--> |2| HLR + HLR -.-> |A| BillingSystem + GMSC -.-> MSGB + end + ISDN_PSTN([ISDN/PSTN]) + A((A)) -- 1 --> ISDN_PSTN + ISDN_PSTN -- 1 --> GMSC + GMSC -- 6 --> ISDN_PSTN + ISDN_PSTN -- 6 --> C((C)) +``` + +Triggers: + +- T-CSI(A-B) +- O-CSI(B-C) +- D-CSI(B-C) + +Diagram of an incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection and forwarding leg handled by CAMEL with Dialled CSI Trigger. The diagram shows the interaction between an ISDN/PSTN network, a Home PLMN (HPLMN) containing gsmSCF, GMSC, HLR, and Billing System, and two user terminals A and C. + +Figure 5.2.1.21: Incoming call handled by CAMEL with redirection decided and forwarding leg handled by CAMEL with Dialled CSI Trigger + +#### 5.2.1.22 Mobile terminated location request + +Figure 5.2.1.22 illustrates general network positioning for LCS clients external to the PLMN. + +An external LCS client requests the current location of a target UE from a GMLC (1). In this release the GMLC shall not create any LCS record. + +The GMLC server then interrogates the HLR of the target UE to be located to determine his current location (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation record. + +The GMLC sends the location service request to the MSC indicated by the HLR. The MSC sends a Location Request message to RAN that initiates the positioning procedure (3). The MSC shall create an LCS-MT record. + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the PLMN (A). + +![Diagram of Mobile terminated location request sequence within HPLMN](b5987d63203a5fa601921039922ac520_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of operations for a mobile terminated location request within the Home PLMN (HPLMN). The components shown are an external LCS client, the GMLC, the HLR, the MSC, and the Billing System. The sequence is as follows: (1) The LCS client sends a request to the GMLC. (2) The GMLC sends an interrogation to the HLR. (3) The GMLC sends a location service request to the MSC. (A) Records from the HLR and MSC are transferred to the Billing System. A mobile subscriber labeled 'B' is shown connected to the MSC. + +Diagram of Mobile terminated location request sequence within HPLMN + +Figure 5.2.1.22: Mobile terminated location request + +#### 5.2.1.23 gsmSCF initiated wake-up call handled by CAMEL CPH + +Figure 5.2.1.23 illustrates a wake-up call initiated by gsmSCF to a mobile CAMEL subscriber "A". + +gsmSCF interrogates the HLR in order to determine the current location of subscriber "A" (1). The HLR provides the 'Roaming Number'. The HLR shall create an interrogation record. + +gsmSCF initiates set-up of an outgoing leg towards mobile CAMEL subscriber "A" (2). The MSC shall create an adapted version of MOC and MTC record for that call leg. + +The user interaction (UI), in this scenario an announcement from the Specialised Resource Function (SRF), is connected to mobile CAMEL subscriber "A" (3). The MSC shall update the MOC record to reflect the UI. + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +Table 5.2.1.23: Records Generated for an Wake-up Call Handled by CAMEL CPH + +| MSC | HLR | +|------------|--------------------------| +| MOC record | HLR interrogation record | +| MTC record | | + +![Figure 5.2.1.23: Wake-up call handled by CAMEL CPH. The diagram shows a sequence of interactions between SRF, gsmSCF, HLR, MSC/gsmSSF, Billing System, and a mobile subscriber A. 1. gsmSCF sends a request to HLR. 2. gsmSCF sends a request to MSC/gsmSSF. 3. gsmSCF sends a request to MSC/gsmSSF. 4. HLR sends a response to gsmSCF. 5. HLR sends a response to Billing System. 6. MSC/gsmSSF sends a request to Billing System. 7. MSC/gsmSSF sends a request to mobile subscriber A. 8. MSC/gsmSSF sends a request to mobile subscriber A. 9. mobile subscriber A sends a response to MSC/gsmSSF.](65e8c0628536d6d4245e9ab46ba070c3_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + SRF[S F] --- gsmSCF[gsmSCF] + gsmSCF <--> |1| HLR((HLR)) + gsmSCF --> |2| MSC["MSC/ +gsmSSF"] + gsmSCF --> |3| MSC + HLR --> |A| Billing[Billing System] + MSC --> |A| Billing + MSC --> |2| A[A] + MSC --> |3| A + +``` + +Figure 5.2.1.23: Wake-up call handled by CAMEL CPH. The diagram shows a sequence of interactions between SRF, gsmSCF, HLR, MSC/gsmSSF, Billing System, and a mobile subscriber A. 1. gsmSCF sends a request to HLR. 2. gsmSCF sends a request to MSC/gsmSSF. 3. gsmSCF sends a request to MSC/gsmSSF. 4. HLR sends a response to gsmSCF. 5. HLR sends a response to Billing System. 6. MSC/gsmSSF sends a request to Billing System. 7. MSC/gsmSSF sends a request to mobile subscriber A. 8. MSC/gsmSSF sends a request to mobile subscriber A. 9. mobile subscriber A sends a response to MSC/gsmSSF. + +Figure 5.2.1.23: Wake-up call handled by CAMEL CPH + +#### 5.2.1.24 Three party conference handled by CAMEL CPH + +Figure 5.2.1.24 illustrates one example for establishment of a three party conference via CAMEL CPH.. + +A mobile CAMEL subscriber "A" sets up an outgoing call (1) to an ISDN subscriber ("B"). This call is recorded as outlined in clause 5.2.1.1. + +gsmSCF then invokes CPH operation 'initiate call attempt' (2). A new call segment (CS#2) with an outgoing leg "C" is created in MSC-A. + +MSC-A interrogates the HLR in order to determine the current location of subscriber "C" (3). The HLR shall create an interrogation record. + +MSC-A initiates set-up of an outgoing leg towards mobile subscriber "C" (4). MSC-A shall create an MOC record for the leg towards mobile subscriber "C". MSC-C shall create a MTC record for subscriber "C". + +gsmSCF then invokes CPH operation 'MoveLeg' to join all three legs in one call segment (5). MSC-A shall close the MOC record for call segment CS#2 to outgoing leg "C". The MOC record for the outgoing call of the mobile CAMEL subscriber "A" to ISDN subscriber "B" shall be updated to cover the additional outgoing CAMEL call leg "C". + +The following records are generated in HPLMN in this call scenario. + +Table 5.2.1.24: Records Generated for an Wake-up Call Handled by CAMEL CPH + +| GMSC server | MSC-A | MSC-C | HLR | +|-------------------------|----------------------------|------------|--------------------------| +| outgoing gateway record | MOC record ("A", "B", "C") | MTC record | HLR interrogation record | +| | MOC record ("C") | | | + +![Diagram of a Three Party Conference handled by CAMEL CPH. It shows a mobile network architecture with gsmSCF, GMSC, HLR, MSC-A/gsmSSF, Billing System, and MSC-C. A user B is shown at the top connected to the ISDN/PSTN. The diagram includes numbered arrows (1-5) and lettered arrows (A) indicating the sequence of signaling and data flow between components.](56a5265d174ce056c1dbe5e7a60839fc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a three-party conference call setup within a mobile network. At the top, a user labeled 'B' with a mobile phone icon is connected to an 'ISDN/PSTN' oval. An arrow labeled '1' points from user B to the ISDN/PSTN. Below this, a green rectangular area represents the mobile network. Inside, the following components are shown: 'gsmSCF' (top left), 'GMSC' (top center), 'HLR' (top right, cylinder icon), 'MSC-A / gsmSSF' (middle left), 'Billing System' (middle center), and 'MSC-C' (middle right). Two mobile stations, 'A' and 'C', are shown at the bottom, connected to 'MSC-A / gsmSSF' and 'MSC-C' respectively. Arrows indicate the flow of information: '1' (from B to ISDN/PSTN, and from ISDN/PSTN to GMSC), '2' (from gsmSCF to MSC-A / gsmSSF), '3' (from gsmSCF to GMSC), '4' (from MSC-A / gsmSSF to Billing System, and from MSC-C to Billing System), '5' (from gsmSCF to HLR), and 'A' (from Billing System to MSC-A / gsmSSF and from Billing System to MSC-C). There are also arrows from MSC-A / gsmSSF to gsmSCF, from GMSC to HLR, and from HLR to MSC-C. + +Diagram of a Three Party Conference handled by CAMEL CPH. It shows a mobile network architecture with gsmSCF, GMSC, HLR, MSC-A/gsmSSF, Billing System, and MSC-C. A user B is shown at the top connected to the ISDN/PSTN. The diagram includes numbered arrows (1-5) and lettered arrows (A) indicating the sequence of signaling and data flow between components. + +Figure 5.2.1.24: Three Party Conference handled by CAMEL CPH + +#### 5.2.1.25 Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information (MTRF) + +Figure 5.2.1.25 illustrates an incoming call to a PLMN subscriber "B" with roaming forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information. + +The incoming call is first routed to a GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to determine his current known location (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation CDR. + +The GMSC server routes the call to the MSC server at which the subscriber is currently registered (3). While on-going paging, this MSC server is requested to reroute the call towards a new MSC server (new MSC-B), applying "Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information" procedure (4). This MSC server (old MSC-B) shall create a MTRF record. + +The new MSC server (new MSC-B) shall create an MTC record for subscriber "B". + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the PLMN (A). + +**Table 5.2.1.25: Records Generated for Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information (MTRF)** + +| GMSC server | Old MSC server | New MSC server | +|-------------------------|----------------|----------------| +| Incoming gateway record | MTRF Record | MTC record | + +![Diagram illustrating the mobile terminating roaming forwarding call process. The diagram shows the flow of a call from ISDN/PSTN through various network elements within the HPLMN. Step 1: Call from ISDN/PSTN to GMSC. Step 2: GMSC to HLR. Step 3: GMSC to Old MSC-B. Step 4: Old MSC-B to New MSC-B. Dashed arrows labeled 'A' show records being sent from GMSC, Old MSC-B, and New MSC-B to the Billing System. The call is finally delivered to subscriber B from New MSC-B.](a1dc2b799cd6ca93414adab971763c3e_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + ISDN_PSTN([ISDN/PSTN]) -- 1 --> GMSC[GMSC] + GMSC -- 2 --> HLR[(HLR)] + GMSC -- 3 --> Old_MSC_B[Old MSC-B] + Old_MSC_B -- 4 --> New_MSC_B[New MSC-B] + New_MSC_B --> B[B] + + GMSC -.->|A| Billing_System[Billing System] + Old_MSC_B -.->|A| Billing_System + New_MSC_B -.->|A| Billing_System + +``` + +Diagram illustrating the mobile terminating roaming forwarding call process. The diagram shows the flow of a call from ISDN/PSTN through various network elements within the HPLMN. Step 1: Call from ISDN/PSTN to GMSC. Step 2: GMSC to HLR. Step 3: GMSC to Old MSC-B. Step 4: Old MSC-B to New MSC-B. Dashed arrows labeled 'A' show records being sent from GMSC, Old MSC-B, and New MSC-B to the Billing System. The call is finally delivered to subscriber B from New MSC-B. + +**Figure 5.2.1.25: mobile terminating roaming forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information** + +#### 5.2.1.26 Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information (MTRF) to a roaming subscriber + +Figure 5.2.1.26 illustrates an incoming call to a PLMN subscriber "B" with roaming forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information, and subscriber "B" is currently roaming in another PLMN + +The incoming call is first routed to a GMSC server (1). The GMSC server shall create an incoming gateway record for accounting purposes. + +The GMSC server interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to determine his current known location (2). The HLR shall create an HLR interrogation CDR. + +The GMSC server routes the call to the MSC server at which the subscriber is currently registered (3). While on-going paging, this MSC server is requested to reroute the call towards a new MSC server (new MSC-B) in VPLMN in which subscriber "B" is actually located, applying "Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information" procedure (4). This MSC server (old MSC-B) shall create a MTRF record, and also a roaming record. These records may be used as a cross-check for the TAP information received from the VPLMN. + +The new MSC server (new MSC-B) shall create an MTC record for subscriber "B". + +The records generated are subsequently transferred to the Billing System of the appropriate PLMN (A). The MTC record generated by the terminating MSC server shall be employed to create the appropriate MTC TAP record. The TAP records shall be included in a TAP file and transmitted to the HPLMN (B). + +**Table 5.2.1.26: Records Generated for Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information (MTRF) - Roaming** + +| GMSC server | Old MSC server | New MSC server | +|-------------------------|----------------|----------------| +| Incoming gateway record | MTRF Record | MTC record | +| | Roaming Record | | + +![Diagram illustrating the mobile terminating roaming forwarding call process. The diagram shows two PLMNs: HPLMN and VPLMN. In HPLMN, an ISDN/PSTN call (1) enters the GMSC, which interrogates the HLR (2). The GMSC routes the call to the Old MSC-B (3). The Old MSC-B reroutes the call to the New MSC-B in VPLMN (4). Records are generated and transferred to Billing Systems (A) and TAP records are transmitted (B).](8b9e9fdabfd2a37e4475d78f8fdcf15c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the flow of a mobile terminating roaming forwarding call. It is divided into two main areas: HPLMN (Home PLMN) and VPLMN (Visited PLMN). + 1. An incoming call from ISDN/PSTN enters the HPLMN and is routed to the GMSC (Gateway MSC). + 2. The GMSC sends an interrogation to the HLR (Home Location Register). + 3. The GMSC routes the call to the Old MSC-B (Mobile Switching Center). + 4. The Old MSC-B reroutes the call to the New MSC-B in the VPLMN, where the subscriber (B) is currently located. + Records generated: + - In the HPLMN (Old MSC-B), an MTRF Record and a Roaming Record are generated and sent to the Billing System (A). + - In the VPLMN (New MSC-B), an MTC record is generated and sent to the Billing System (A). + TAP records are transmitted from the VPLMN Billing System (A) to the HPLMN Billing System (B). + +Diagram illustrating the mobile terminating roaming forwarding call process. The diagram shows two PLMNs: HPLMN and VPLMN. In HPLMN, an ISDN/PSTN call (1) enters the GMSC, which interrogates the HLR (2). The GMSC routes the call to the Old MSC-B (3). The Old MSC-B reroutes the call to the New MSC-B in VPLMN (4). Records are generated and transferred to Billing Systems (A) and TAP records are transmitted (B). + +**Figure 5.2.1.26: mobile terminating roaming forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information to a roaming subscriber** + +#### 5.2.1.27 Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information (MTRF), for a subscriber with Visiting Terminating Trigger Calls + +When a roaming forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information (MTRF) procedure applies for a subscriber “B” having an active VT-CSI (stored in the VLR), on receiving the MSRN from the new MSC, the Old MSC releases dialog previously triggered with gsmSSF, and the new MSC subsequently applies the subscriber VT-CSI trigger to the resulting terminating call. + +The Old MSC shall generate a terminating CAMEL (TCR) record which contains VT-CSI triggering and release. + +The New MSC shall generate a terminating CAMEL (TCR) record which contains VT-CSI data. + +**Table 5.2.1.27: Records Generated for Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information (MTRF) with VT-CSI** + +| GMSC server | Old MSC server | New MSC server | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| Incoming gateway record | Terminating CAMEL record (VT-CSI) | Terminating CAMEL record (VT-CSI) | +| | MTRF Record | MTC Record | + +### 5.2.2 Diameter message flows + +Not applicable, as the separation of the CTF and CDF is not in the scope of the CS domain charging standards. Refer to clause 4.2 for further information. + +Vendors may nevertheless implement a separate CDCF and CCF for CS domain charging. In this case, the approach chosen shall conform to the principles and protocol applications specified in 3GPP TS 32.299 [50]. + +### 5.2.3 CDR generation + +In order to provide the data required for the management activities outlined in the previous clauses (billing, accounting, statistics, etc.), the CGF of the MSC server and/or Location Registers shall be able to produce a charging data record for each of the following: + +- Mobile originated call attempt; +- Mobile originated emergency call attempt; +- Mobile originated, call forwarding attempt; +- Mobile terminated call attempt; +- Roaming call attempt in a gateway MSC server; +- Incoming call attempt in a gateway MSC server; +- Outgoing call attempt from a gateway MSC server; +- Transit call attempt; +- Terminating CAMEL call attempt; +- CAMEL CPH call attempts/call modifications; +- Supplementary service actions; +- HLR interrogation; +- Location updating (HLR and VLR); +- Short message service (point-to-point), mobile originated; +- Short message service (point-to-point), mobile terminated; +- Short message service (point-to-point), mobile originated interworking MSC server; +- Short message service (point-to-point), mobile terminated gateway MSC server; +- Common equipment usage; +- Mobile terminated location request; +- Mobile originated location request; +- Network induced location request. + +A more detailed description of the records is found in clause 6.1. The detailed formal description of the data defined in the present document is to be found in 3GPP TS 32.298 [51]. + +### 5.2.4 GTP' record transfer flows + +Not applicable, as the separation of the CDF and CGF is not in the scope of the CS domain charging standards. Refer to clause 4.2 for further information. + +Vendors may nevertheless implement a separate CCF and CGF for CS domain charging. In this case, the approach chosen shall conform to the principles and protocol applications specified in 3GPP TS 32.295 [54]. + +### 5.2.5 BC CDR file transfer + +There are two options for the transfer of the above CDRs to the Billing domain: + +- 1) use the file based interface specified in earlier 3GPP releases, as documented in annex A of the present document; +- 2) apply the Rel-6 file based interface, Bc, as specified in 3GPP TS 32.297 [52]. + +It is left to operator and vendor choice which one (or both) of the above interfaces to implement. + +## 5.3 CS domain online charging scenarios + +CS domain charging is implemented by CAMEL techniques as described in 3GPP TS 23.078 [207] and 3GPP TS 29.078 [212], i.e. outside the scope of the 32 series of charging TSs. + +### 5.3.1 Basic principles + +Void. Refer to clause 5.3. + +### 5.3.2 Diameter message flows + +Void. Refer to clause 5.3. + +# 6 Definition of charging information + +This clause provides Stage 3 specifications of the CDR type and content for the 3GPP CS domain. For each of the CDR types listed in clause 5.2.3, a parameter table, which gives a short description of the parameters, is provided. The detailed specification of the CDR parameters and their encoding is contained in 3GPP TS 32.298 [51], while annex A and 3GPP TS 32.297 [52] specify the details of the CDR file transfer to the BD. + +## 6.1 Data description for CS domain offline charging + +### 6.1.1 Diameter message contents + +Not applicable. Refer to clause 5.2.2 for further information. + +### 6.1.2 GTP' message contents + +Not applicable. Refer to clause 5.2.4 for further information. + +### 6.1.3 CDR description on the Bc reference point + +Dedicated types of CDRs can be generated in the CS domain, as specified in clause 5.2.3. The content of each CDR type is defined in one of the tables that are part of this clause. For each CDR type the parameter definition includes the parameter name, description and category. + +**Editor's note:** align the following text with 3GPP TS 32.240 [1]. + +Equipment vendors shall be able to provide all of the parameters listed in the CDR content table in order to claim compliance with the present document. However, since CDR processing and transport consume network resources, operators may opt to eliminate some of the parameters that are not essential for their operation. This operator provisionable reduction is specified by the parameter category. + +A parameter category can have one of two primary values: + +- M** This parameter is **M**andatory and shall always be present in the CDR; +- C** This parameter shall be present in the CDR only when certain Conditions are met. These Conditions are specified as part of the parameter definition. + +Some of these parameters are designated as Operator (**O**) provisionable. Using TMN management functions or specific tools provided by an equipment vendor, operators may choose, if they wish, to include or omit the parameter from the CDR. Once omitted, this parameter is not generated in a CDR. To avoid any potential ambiguity, a CDR generating element **MUST** be able to provide all these parameters. Only an operator can choose whether or not these parameters should be generated in its system. + +Those parameters that the operator may configure to be present or absent are further qualified with the "Operator provisionable" indicator as follows: + +- OM** This is a parameter that, if provisioned by the operator to be present, shall always be included in the CDRs. In other words, a OM parameter that is provisioned to be present is a mandatory parameter; +- OC** This is a parameter that, if provisioned by the operator to be present, shall be included in the CDRs when the required conditions are met. In other words, a OC parameter that is configured to be present is a conditional parameter. + +The CS nodes shall be able to provide the CDRs at the Billing System interface in the format and content described in the present document. Additional CDR formats and contents, generated by the CS nodes, may be available at the interface to the billing system to meet the requirements of the billing system, these are outside of the scope of 3GPP standardization. + +The following tables provide a brief description of each CDR parameter. Full definitions of the parameters, sorted by the parameter name in alphabetical order, are provided in 3GPP TS 32.298 [51]. 3GPP TS 32.298 [51] also specifies the encoding of the CDRs and their parameters on the Bc reference point, while the CDR files transferred on Bc are specified in 3GPP TS 32.297 [52]. + +#### 6.1.3.1 Mobile originated call attempt + +If the generation of these records is enabled then an MOC record shall be created for each outgoing call attempt made by a mobile station. These MOC records shall be produced in the originating MSC. + +**Table 6.1.3.1: MOC record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|--------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Mobile originated. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | IMSI of the calling party. | +| Served IMEI | C | C | IMEI of the calling ME, if available. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The primary MSISDN of the calling party. | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the called party i.e. the number dialled by the calling subscriber. | +| Translated Number | O C | O C | The called number after digit translation within the MSC (if applicable) | +| Connected Number | O C | O C | The number of the connected party if different to the Called Number | +| Roaming Number | O C | O C | The Mobile Station Roaming Number employed to route this connection, if applicable. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC producing the record. | +| Incoming TKGP | O M | O C | The MSC trunk group on which the call originated , usually from the BSS. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Outgoing TKGP | O M | O C | The trunk group on which the call left the MSC. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Location | M | M | The identity of the cell or the SAC at the time of CDR creation, including the location area code and MCC+MNC. | +| Change of Location | O C | O C | A list of changes in Location Area Code / Service Area Code / Cell Id and MCC+MNC. Each time-stamped. | +| Basic service | M | M | Bearer or teleservice employed. | +| Rate Indication | O C | O C | Present if "rate adaption" parameters for the basic service were signalled between the MS/UE and the network, see 3GPP TS 24.008 [208]. | +| Transparency Indicator | C | C | Indicates whether the basic service was used in transparent or non-transparent mode. This parameter is provided only for those basic services which may be employed in both transparent and non-transparent mode. | +| Change Of Service | O C | O C | A list of changes of basic service during a connection each time-stamped. | +| Supp. Services | C | C | Supplementary services invoked as a result of this connection. This field shall be present when one or more supplementary services have been invoked. | +| AOC Parameters | O C | O C | The charge advice parameters sent to the MS on call set-up. This field shall be supplied only when AoC parameters have been sent. | +| Change of AOC Parameters | O C | O C | New AOC parameters sent to the MS e.g. as a result of a tariff switch over, including the time at which the new set was applied. This field shall be supplied only when AoC parameters have been sent. | +| MS Classmark | M | M | The mobile station classmark employed on call set-up. | +| Change of Classmark | O C | O C | A list of changes to the classmark during the connection each time-stamped | +| Event time stamps: | C
C
O M | C
C
O M | Seizure time: time of incoming traffic channel seizure (for unsuccessful call attempts)
Answer: time of answer (for successful calls)
Release time: time of traffic channel release
This field contains the MS Time Zone. | +| Call duration | M | M | The chargeable duration of the connection for successful calls, the holding time for call attempts. | +| Data volume | C | - | The number of data segments transmitted if available at the MSC | +| Radio Chan. Requested | O M | - | The type of radio traffic channel (full / half etc.) requested by the MS. | +| Radio Chan. Used | M | - | The type of radio channel actually used (full or half rate). | +| Change of Rad. Chan. | O C | - | A list of changes each time stamped | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Additional Chg. Info | O C | O C | Charge/no charge indicator and additional charging parameters, when available. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network / manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|------------------------------------|----------------|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| GsmSCF address | C | C | Identifies the CAMEL server serving the subscriber. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Service key | C | C | The CAMEL service logic to be applied. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Network call reference | C | C | An identifier to correlate transactions on the same call taking place in different network nodes, shall be present if CAMEL is applied. | +| MSC Address | C | C | This field contains the E.164 number assigned to the MSC that generated the network call reference. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Default call handling | O c | O c | Indicates whether or not a CAMEL call encountered default call handling. This field shall be present only if default call handling has been applied. | +| Number of HSCSD Channels Requested | C | - | The maximum number of HSCSD channels requested as received from the MS at call set-up. Shall only be present for HSCSD connections. | +| Number of HSCSD Channels Allocated | C | - | The number of HSCSD channels allocated to the MS at call set-up. Shall only be present for HSCSD connections. | +| Change of HSCSD Parameters | C | - | A list of network or user initiated changes of number of HSCSD channels during a connection each time-stamped. Shall only be present in case of an HSCSD call, if the basic HSCSD parameters are modified due the user or network initiated modification procedure. | +| Fixed Network User Rate | O c | O c | Indicates the user data rate applied for the connection in the fixed network. Shall only be present for 2G HSCSD connections and for UMTS data connections. | +| Air Interface User Rate Requested | C | - | The total Air Interface User Rate Requested by the MS at call set-up. Shall only be present for non-transparent HSCSD connections. | +| Channel Coding Accepted | C | - | A list of the traffic channels codings accepted by the MS. Shall only be present for HSCSD connections. | +| Channel Coding Used | C | - | The traffic channels codings negotiated between the MS and the network at call set-up. Shall only be present for HSCSD connections. | +| Guaranteed bit rate | - | O c | Describes the bit-rate the UMTS bearer service shall guarantee to the user or application. Guaranteed Bit Rate may be used to facilitate admission control based on available resources, and for resource allocation within UMTS. Shall only be present for UMTS data connections. | +| Maximum bit rate | - | O c | Maximum Bit Rate can be used to make code reservations in the downlink of the radio interface. Its purpose is: 1) to limit the delivered bit-rate to applications or external networks with such limitations, 2) to allow maximum wanted user bit-rate to be defined for applications able to operate with different rates (e.g. applications with adapting codecs). Shall only be present for UMTS data connections. | +| Speech Version Supported | O M | - | Speech version supported by the MS with highest priority indicated by MS | +| Speech Version Used | O M | - | Speech version used for that call | +| Number of DP encountered | O c | O c | Number that counts how often armed detection points (TDP and EDP) were encountered. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Level of CAMEL service | O c | O c | Indicator for the complexity of the CAMEL feature used. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Free format Data | C | C | This field contains data sent by the gsmSCF in the Furnish Charging Information (FCI) message(s). The data can be sent either in one FCI message or several FCI messages with append indicator. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| CAMEL call leg information | C | C | Set of CAMEL information IEs. Each of these IEs contains information related to one outgoing CAMEL call leg. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Free format data append indicator | C | C | Indicator if free format data from this CDR is to be appended to free format data in previous partial CDR. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Default call handling 2 | O c | O c | Indicates whether or not a CAMEL call encountered default call handling for 2 nd service such as dialled service. This field shall be present only if default call handling has been applied. | + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------------------------|----------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| GsmSCF address 2 | C | C | Identifies the CAMEL server serving the subscriber for 2 nd service such as dialled service. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| Service key 2 | C | C | The CAMEL service logic to be applied for 2 nd service such as dialled service. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| Free format Data 2 | C | C | This field contains data sent by the gsmSCF in the FCI message(s) for 2 nd service such as dialled service. The data can be sent either in one FCI message or several FCI messages with append indicator. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| Free format data append indicator 2 | C | C | Indicator if free format data for 2 nd service from this CDR is to be appended to free format data in previous partial CDR. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| System Type | - | M | This field indicates the use of GERAN, UTRAN (or a value of unknown). This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used on call set-up. For an open CDR in a 2G NE (responsible for the CDR), the field is not present (even if the call is handed off to a 3G air interface). For a CDR in a 3G NE (responsible for the CDR), the value unknown shall be used after handover. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | - | O c | Location Routing Number for Number Portability feature | +| LRN Source Indicator | - | O c | LRN Source Indicator tells the source of the LRN | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | - | O c | Status of Number Portability query. | +| JIP Parameter | - | O c | Jurisdiction Information Parameter | +| JIP Source Indicator | - | O c | JIP Source Indicator tells the source of the JIP | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | - | O c | Status of Number Portability query. | +| Partial Record Type | O c | O c | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | +| Reason for service change | - | O c | Indicates the type of service change and fallback. | +| Service change initiator | - | O c | Indicates the service change initiator. | +| Redial Attempt | O c | O c | Indicates to the network that a call is the result of a redial attempt to switch from speech to multimedia or vice-versa | + +#### 6.1.3.2 Mobile originated emergency call attempt + +If the generation of MOC records is enabled then an MOC emergency record shall be created for each outgoing emergency call attempt made by a mobile station. These records shall be produced in the originating MSC. + +**Table 6.1.3.2: MOC emergency record** + +| Field | 2 | 3 | Description | +|--------------------------|----------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | G | G | | +| Record Type | M | M | Mobile originated. | +| Served IMSI | C | C | IMSI of the calling party in case of an emergency call with a SIM card. | +| Served IMEI | C | C | IMEI of the calling mobile equipment if available. | +| Served MSISDN | O c | O c | The primary MSISDN of the calling party, if supplied by the UE. | +| Translated Number | O c | O c | The called number after digit translation within the MSC (if applicable) | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC producing the record. | +| Incoming TKG | O M | O c | The MSC trunk group on which the call originated, usually from the BSS. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Outgoing TKG | O M | O c | The trunk group on which the call left the MSC. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Location | M | M | The identity of the cell or the SAC in which the call originated including the location area code and MCC+MNC. | +| Change of Location | O c | O c | A list of changes in Location Area Code / Service Area Code / Cell Id and MCC+MNC. Each time-stamped. | +| Basic service | M | M | Teleservice 'emergency call'. | +| AOC Parameters | O c | O c | The charge advice parameters sent to the MS on call set-up. This field shall be supplied only when AoC parameters have been sent. | +| Change of AOC Parameters | O c | O c | New AOC parameters sent to the MS e.g. as a result of a tariff switch over, including the time at which the new set was applied. This field shall be supplied only when AoC parameters have been sent. | +| MS Classmark | M | M | The mobile station classmark employed on call set-up. | +| Change of classmark | O c | O c | A list of changes to the classmark during the connection each time-stamped | +| Event time stamps: | C | C | Seizure time: time of incoming traffic channel seizure (for unsuccessful call attempts) | +| | C | C | Answer time: time of answer (for successful calls) | +| | O M | O M | Release time: time of traffic channel release
This field contains the MS Time Zone. | +| Call duration | M | M | The chargeable duration of the connection for successful calls, the holding time for call attempts. | +| Radio Chan. Requested | O M | - | The type of radio traffic channel (full / half etc.) requested by the MS. | +| Radio Chan. Used | M | - | The type of radio channel used (full or half rate). | +| Change of Rad. Chan. | O c | - | A list of changes each time stamped | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Record extensions | O c | O c | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| System Type | - | M | This field indicates the use of GERAN, UTRAN (or a value of unknown). This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used on call set-up. For an open CDR in a 2G NE (responsible for the CDR), the field is not present (even if the call is handed off to a 3G air interface). For a CDR in a 3G NE (responsible for the CDR), the value unknown shall be used after handover. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O c | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.3 Mobile originated call forwarding attempt + +If the generation of MOC records is enabled in the forwarding MSC then the forwarding MSC shall produce an MOC record for the forwarded-leg of the call. + +**Table 6.1.3.3: MOC, call forwarding record** + +| Field | 2
G | 3
G | Description | +|------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Mobile originated. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | IMSI of the calling party. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The MSISDN of the forwarding party. | +| Calling Number | O C | O C | The address of the calling party. | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the "forwarded-to" party. | +| Translated Number | O C | O C | The called number after digit translation within the MSC (if applicable) | +| Connected Number | O C | O C | The number of the connected party if different to the Called Number | +| Roaming Number | O C | O C | The Mobile Station Roaming Number employed to route this connection, if applicable. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the forwarding MSC | +| Incoming TKGP | O M | O M | The MSC trunk group on which the call originated at the forwarding MSC. | +| Outgoing TKGP | O M | O M | The trunk group on which the call left the forwarding MSC | +| Basic service | C | C | Bearer or teleservice employed, not always available e.g. in case of call forwarding unconditional. | +| Rate Adaptation | O C | O C | Present if "rate adaption" parameters for the basic service were signalled between the MS/UE and the network, see 3GPP TS 24.008 [208]. May not always be available in this CDR type. | +| Transparency Indicator | C | C | Indicates whether the basic service was used in transparent or non-transparent mode. This parameter is provided only for those basic services which may be employed in both transparent and non-transparent mode. | +| Fixed Network User Rate | O C | O C | Indicates the user data rate applied for the connection in the fixed network. Shall only be present for 2G HSCSD connections and for UMTS data connections. | +| ChangeOfService | O C | O C | A list of changes of basic service during a connection each time-stamped. | +| Supplementary Services | C | C | Supplementary services invoked as a result of this connection, if this information is available to the forwarding node. This field shall be present when one or more supplementary services have been invoked. | +| Event time stamps: | C
C
O M | C
C
O M | Seizure time: time of incoming traffic channel seizure (for unsuccessful call attempts)
Answer time: time of answer (for successful calls)
Release time: time of traffic channel release
This field contains the MS Time Zone. | +| Call duration | M | M | The chargeable duration of the connection for successful calls, the holding time of call attempts. | +| Data volume | C | - | The number of data segments transmitted if available at the MSC | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Additional Chg. Info | O C | O | Charge/no charge indicator and additional charging parameters, when available. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| GsmSCF address | C | C | Identifies the CAMEL server serving the subscriber. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Service key | C | C | The CAMEL service logic to be applied. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Network call reference | C | C | An identifier to correlate transactions on the same call taking place in different network nodes, shall be present if CAMEL is applied. | +| MSC Address | C | C | This field contains the E.164 number assigned to the MSC that generated the network call reference. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| CAMEL initiated CF indicator | C | C | Indicates that the CAMEL server initiated call forwarding. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Default call handling | O C | O C | Indicates whether or not a CAMEL call encountered default call handling. This field shall be present only if default call handling has been applied. | +| Number of DP encountered | O C | O C | Number that counts how often armed detection points (TDP and EDP) were encountered. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Level of CAMEL service | O C | O C | Indicator of the complexity of the CAMEL feature used. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | + +| Field | 2
G | 3
G | Description | +|-------------------------------------|----------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Free format Data | C | C | This field contains data sent by the gsmSCF in the Furnish Charging Information (FCI) messages. The data can be sent either in one FCI message or several FCI messages with append indicator. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| CAMEL call leg information | C | C | Set of CAMEL information IEs. Each of these IEs contains information related to one outgoing CAMEL call leg. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Free format data append indicator | C | C | Indicator if free format data from this CDR is to be appended to free format data in previous partial CDR. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Default call handling 2 | O c | O c | Indicates whether or not a CAMEL call encountered default call handling for 2 nd service such as dialled service. This field shall be present only if default call handling has been applied. | +| GsmSCF address 2 | C | C | Identifies the CAMEL server serving the subscriber for 2 nd service such as dialled service. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| Service key 2 | C | C | The CAMEL service logic to be applied for 2 nd service such as dialled service. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| Free format Data 2 | C | C | This field contains data sent by the gsmSCF in the FCI message(s) for 2 nd service such as dialled service. The data can be sent either in one FCI message or several FCI messages with append indicator. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| Free format data append indicator 2 | C | C | Indicator if free format data for 2 nd service from this CDR is to be appended to free format data in previous partial CDR. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | - | O c | Location Routing Number for Number Portability feature | +| LRN Source Indicator | - | O c | LRN Source Indicator tells the source of the LRN | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | - | O c | Status of Number Portability query. | +| JIP Parameter | - | O c | Jurisdiction Information Parameter | +| JIP Source Indicator | - | O c | JIP Source Indicator tells the source of the JIP | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | - | O c | Status of Number Portability query. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O c | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.4 Mobile terminated call attempt + +If the generation of these records is enabled, then an MTC record shall be created for each incoming call attempt made for a mobile station. The MTC records shall be produced in the terminating MSC. + +**Table 6.1.3.4: MTC record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|------------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Mobile Terminated. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | IMSI of the called party. | +| Served IMEI | C | C | IMEI of the called ME, if available. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The MSISDN of the called party. | +| Calling Number | C | C | The number of the calling party if available. | +| Connected Number | O C | O C | Only relevant in case of call forwarding where the "forwarded-to" number is recorded. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited (terminating) MSC | +| Incoming TKGP | O M | O M | The MSC trunk group on which the call originated. | +| Outgoing TKGP | O M | O C | The trunk group on which the call left the MSC, usually to the BSS. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Location | C | C | The identity of the cell or the SAC occupied by the called party when the call was set up, including the location area code and MCC+MNC. | +| Change of Location | O C | O C | A list of changes in Location Area Code / Service Area Code / Cell Id and MCC+MNC. Each time-stamped. | +| Basic Service | M | M | Bearer or teleservice employed | +| Rate Adaptation | O C | O C | Present if "rate adaption" parameters for the basic service were signalled between the MS/UE and the network, see 3GPP TS 24.008 [208]. | +| Transparency Indicator | C | C | Indicates whether the basic service was used in transparent or non-transparent mode. This parameter is provided only for those basic services which may be employed in both transparent and non-transparent mode. | +| Change of Service | O C | O C | A list of changes of basic service during a connection each time-stamped. | +| Supplementary services | C | C | Supplementary services invoked as a result of this connection. This field shall be present when one or more supplementary services have been invoked. | +| AOC Parameters | O C | O C | The charge advice parameters sent to the MS on call set-up. This field shall be supplied only when AoC parameters have been sent. | +| Change of AOC Parameters. | O C | O C | New AOC parameters sent to the MS e.g. as a result of a tariff switch-over, including the time at which the new set was applied. This field shall be supplied only when AoC parameters have been sent. | +| MS Classmark | M | M | The mobile station class mark. | +| Change of Classmark | O C | O C | A list of changes to the classmark during the connection each time-stamped | +| Event time stamps: | C
C
O M | C
C
O M | Seizure time: time of traffic channel seizure for unsuccessful call attempts
Answer time: time of answer for successful calls
Release time: time of traffic channel release | +| Call duration | M | M | The chargeable duration of the connection if successful, the holding time of the call if unsuccessful. | +| Data volume | C | - | The number of data segments transmitted, if available at the MSC | +| Radio Chan. Requested | O M | - | The type of radio traffic channel (full / half etc.) requested by the MS. | +| Radio Chan. Used | M | - | The type of radio channel used (full or half rate). | +| Change of Rad. Chan | O C | - | A list of changes each time stamped | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the call. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions at the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Additional Chg. Info | O C | O C | Charge/no charge indicator and additional charging parameters, when available. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Network call reference | C | C | An identifier to correlate transactions on the same call taking place in different network nodes, shall be present if CAMEL is applied. | +| MSC Address | C | C | This field contains the E.164 number assigned to the MSC that generated the network call reference. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Number of HSCSD Channels Requested | O C | - | The maximum number of HSCSD channels requested as received from the MS at call set-up. Shall only be present for HSCSD connections. | +| Number of HSCSD Channels Allocated | O C | - | The number of HSCSD channels allocated to the MS at call set-up. Shall only be present for HSCSD connections. | +| Change of HSCSD Parameters | O C | - | A list of network or user initiated changes of number of HSCSD channels during a connection each time-stamped. Shall only be present in case of an HSCSD call, if the basic HSCSD parameters are modified due the user or network initiated modification procedure. | +| Fixed Network User Rate | O C | - | Indicates the user data rate applied for the connection in the fixed network. Shall only be present for 2G HSCSD connections and for UMTS data connections. | + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-----------------------------------|----------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Air Interface User Rate Requested | C | C | The total Air Interface User Rate Requested by the MS at call set-up. Shall only be present for non-transparent HSCSD connections. | +| Channel Coding Accepted | C | - | A list of the traffic channels codings accepted by the MS. Shall only be present for HSCSD connections. | +| Channel Coding Used | C | - | The traffic channels codings negotiated between the MS and the network at call set-up. Shall only be present for HSCSD connections. | +| Guaranteed bit rate | - | O c | Describes the bit-rate the UMTS bearer service shall guarantee to the user or application. Guaranteed Bit Rate may be used to facilitate admission control based on available resources, and for resource allocation within UMTS. Shall only be present for UMTS data connections. | +| Maximum bit rate | - | O c | Maximum Bit Rate can be used to make code reservations in the downlink of the radio interface. Its purpose is:
1) to limit the delivered bit-rate to applications or external networks with such limitations;
2) to allow maximum wanted user bit-rate to be defined for applications able to operate with different rates (e.g. applications with adapting codecs).
Shall only be present for UMTS data connections. | +| Speech Version Used | O M | - | Speech version used for that call | +| Speech Version Supported | O M | - | Speech version supported by the MS with highest priority indicated by MS. | +| System Type | - | M | This field indicates the use of GERAN, UTRAN (or a value of unknown). This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used on call set-up. For an open CDR in a 2G NE (responsible for the CDR), the field is not present (even if the call is handed off to a 3G air interface). For a CDR in a 3G NE (responsible for the CDR), the value unknown shall be used after handover. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | - | O c | Location Routing Number for Number Portability feature. | +| LRN Source Indicator | - | O c | LRN Source Indicator tells the source of the LRN. | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | - | O c | Status of Number Portability query. | +| JIP Parameter | - | O c | Jurisdiction Information Parameter | +| JIP Source Indicator | - | O c | JIP Source Indicator tells the source of the JIP. | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | - | O c | Status of Number Portability query. | +| Partial Record Type | O c | O c | Indicates the event (time limit, etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | +| Reason for service change | - | O c | Indicates the type of service change and fallback. | +| Service change initiator | - | O c | Indicates the service change initiator. | + +#### 6.1.3.5 Roaming call attempt + +If the generation of these records is enabled then, a roaming record shall be created for each call redirected to a mobile subscriber roaming outside the HPLMN. These roaming records shall be produced in the GMSC of the roaming subscriber's HPLMN. These roaming records shall be produced by the "Old MSC/VLR" during Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding (MTRF) procedure, when the call is re-routed towards a new MSC/VLR located in a different PLMN. + +**Table 6.1.3.5: Roaming record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Roaming record. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | IMSI of the called (roaming) party. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The MSISDN of the called (roaming) party. | +| Calling Number | C | C | The address of the calling party, if available. | +| Roaming Number | M | M | The Mobile Station Roaming Number employed to route this connection. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the GMSC | +| Incoming TKGP | O M | O M | The GMSC/VMSC trunk group on which the call originated. | +| Outgoing TKGP | O M | O M | The trunk group on which the call left the GMSC/VMSC | +| Basic service | M | M | Bearer or teleservice employed. | +| Transparency Indicator | C | C | Indicates whether the basic service was used in transparent or non-transparent mode. This parameter is provided only for those basic services which may be employed in both transparent and non-transparent mode. | +| ChangeOfService | O C | O C | A list of changes of basic service during a connection each time-stamped. | +| Supplementary Services | C | C | Supplementary services invoked as a result of this connection. This field shall be present when one or more supplementary services have been invoked. | +| Event time stamps | C
C
O M | C
C
O M | Seizure time: time of incoming traffic channel seizure (for unsuccessful call attempts)
Answer time: time of answer (for successful calls)
Release time: time of traffic channel release | +| Call duration | M | M | The chargeable duration of the connection for successful calls, the holding time of call attempts. | +| Data volume | C | C | The number of data segments transmitted if available at the GMSC | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Network call reference | C | C | An identifier to correlate transactions on the same call taking place in different network nodes, shall be present if CAMEL is applied. | +| MSC Address | C | C | This field contains the E.164 number assigned to the MSC that generated the network call reference. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | - | O C | Location Routing Number for Number Portability feature | +| LRN Source Indicator | - | O C | LRN Source Indicator tells the source of the LRN | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | - | O C | Status of Number Portability query. | +| JIP Parameter | - | O C | Jurisdiction Information Parameter | +| JIP Source Indicator | - | O C | JIP Source Indicator tells the source of the JIP | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | - | O C | Status of Number Portability query. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O C | Indicates the event (time limit, etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.6 Incoming gateway call attempt + +If generation of these records is enabled, an incoming gateway record shall be created for each incoming call attempt received by a gateway MSC from another network. These records, produced in the gateway MSC, may be used to settle accounts with other networks. The generation of gateway records shall not be influenced by the production of MTC records i.e. even if the GMSC and terminating MSC are co-located a gateway record shall still be produced. + +**Table 6.1.3.6: Incoming gateway record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Incoming gateway record | +| Calling Number | C | C | The number of the calling party if available at this node. | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the called party as seen by the GMSC. This is the number employed by the GMSC for routing. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the GMSC | +| Incoming TKGP | M | M | The incoming GMSC trunk group on which the call originated. | +| Outgoing TKGP | O M | O C | The trunk group on which the call left the GMSC. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Event time stamps: | M
C
O M | M
C
O M | Seizure time: time of incoming trunk seizure
Answer time: time of answer (successful calls only)
Release time: time of incoming trunk release | +| Call duration | M | M | The accountable duration (answer -> release of incoming trunk) of the connection if successful, the call holding time of the incoming trunk for call attempts. | +| Data Volume | C | - | If applicable and known at the GMSC | +| ISDN Bearer Capability | O C | O C | Present if this parameter is signalled back from the VMSC to the GMSC in the access transport parameter of the Answer Message (ANM), see 3GPP TS 29.007 [213]. | +| Low Layer Compatibility | O C | O C | Present if this parameter is signalled back from the VMSC to the GMSC in the access transport parameter of the Answer Message (ANM), see 3GPP TS 29.007 [213]. | +| High Layer Compatibility | O C | O C | Present if this parameter is signalled back from the VMSC to the GMSC in the access transport parameter of the Answer Message (ANM), see 3GPP TS 29.007 [213]. | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call Reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions. | +| Reason for service change | - | O C | Indicates the type of service change and fallback. | +| Service change initiator | - | O C | Indicates the service change initiator. | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, if applicable. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | - | O C | Location Routing Number for Number Portability feature | +| LRN Source Indicator | - | O C | LRN Source Indicator tells the source of the LRN | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | - | O C | Status of Number Portability query. | +| JIP Parameter | - | O C | Jurisdiction Information Parameter | +| JIP Source Indicator | - | O C | JIP Source Indicator tells the source of the JIP | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | - | O C | Status of Number Portability query. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O C | Indicates the event (time limit, etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.7 Outgoing gateway call attempt + +If generation of these records is enabled, an outgoing gateway record shall be created for each outgoing call attempt from a gateway MSC to another network. These records, produced in the gateway MSC, may be used to settle accounts with other networks. The generation of gateway records shall not be influenced by the production of MOC records i.e. even if the GMSC and originating MSC are co-located a gateway record shall still be produced. + +**Table 6.1.3.7: Outgoing gateway record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Outgoing gateway record | +| Calling Number | C | C | The number of the calling party if available at this node. | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the called party as seen by the GMSC. This is the number employed by the GMSC for routing. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the GMSC | +| Incoming TKGP | O M | O C | The incoming GMSC trunk group on which the call originated. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Outgoing TKGP | M | M | The trunk group on which the call left the GMSC. | +| Event time stamps: | M
C
O M | M
C
O M | Seizure time: time of outgoing trunk seizure
Answer time: time of answer (successful calls only)
Release time: time of outgoing trunk release | +| Call duration | M | M | The accountable duration (answer -> release of outgoing trunk) of the connection if successful, the call holding time of the outgoing trunk for call attempts. | +| Data Volume | C | - | If applicable and known at the GMSC | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call Reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions. | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, if applicable. | +| Reason for service change | - | O C | Indicates the type of service change and fallback. | +| Service change initiator | - | O C | Indicates the service change initiator. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | - | O C | Location Routing Number for Number Portability feature | +| LRN Source Indicator | - | O C | LRN Source Indicator tells the source of the LRN | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | - | O C | Status of Number Portability query. | +| JIP Parameter | - | O C | Jurisdiction Information Parameter | +| JIP Source Indicator | - | O C | JIP Source Indicator tells the source of the JIP | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | - | O C | Status of Number Portability query. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O C | Indicates the event (time limit, etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.8 Transit call attempt + +If generation of these records is enabled then a transit record may be generated for each incoming call attempt received by a Transit MSC i.e. neither originating nor terminating. For the avoidance of doubt, a transit record shall only be produced if no MOC or MTC record is produced for this call attempt by this MSC. The transit records, produced in the TMSC, may be used to record traffic from particular origins or to particular destinations. + +**Table 6.1.3.8: Transit record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Transit. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the transit MSC | +| Incoming TKGP | M | M | The TMSC trunk group on which the call originated. | +| Outgoing TKGP | M | M | The trunk group on which the call left the TMSC. | +| Calling Number | C | C | The number of the calling party if available at this node. | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the called party as seen by the TMSC. | +| ISDN Basic Service | O M | O M | The ISDN basic service employed | +| Event time stamps: | C
C
O M | C
C
O M | Seizure time: time of incoming trunk seizure for unsuccessful call attempts
Answer time: time of answer (successful calls only)
Release time: time of traffic channel release | +| Call duration | M | M | The chargeable duration of the connection if successful, the call holding time for call attempts. | +| Data Volume | C | - | If applicable and known at the transit MSC | +| Cause for term. | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call Reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions. | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, if applicable. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | - | O C | Location Routing Number for Number Portability feature | +| LRN Source Indicator | - | O C | LRN Source Indicator tells the source of the LRN | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | - | O C | Status of Number Portability query. | +| JIP Parameter | - | O C | Jurisdiction Information Parameter | +| JIP Source Indicator | - | O C | JIP Source Indicator tells the source of the JIP | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | - | O C | Status of Number Portability query. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O C | Indicates the event (time limit, etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.9 Supplementary service actions + +A supplementary service record may be produced in the NEF of the appropriate MSC or HLR for each supplementary service action (activation, deactivation, invocation etc.) performed or initiated by the subscriber. + +- There are two fundamental types of SS-actions: Call related i.e. as a result of a connection e.g. Invocation of CLIP / CLIR / AoC, etc. +- Non-call related i.e. as a result of Subscriber Controlled Input (SCI) e.g. Registration of call forwarding. + +Each supplementary service action shall be performed on one or more basic service groups. If the action applies to all teleservices and all bearer services (i.e. to all basic services) then the basic services field shall be omitted. + +SCI actions may be recorded in individual SS-action records. Call related actions may be recorded in either the appropriate call record (MOC/MTC) or in separate SS-action records. + +Additional non-standard supplementary service actions may be made available within some networks in the form of Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD). These actions may also be recorded in SS-action records. However, as these actions are non-standard they may not include an appropriate action type, supplementary service code or basic service code. + +**Table 6.1.3.9: SS-action record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-----------------------|----------------|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Supplementary service action. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | The IMSI of the MS performing the action. | +| Served IMEI | O c | O c | The IMEI of the ME performing the action. | +| Served MSISDN | O m | O m | The primary MSISDN of the party performing the action. | +| MS Classmark | M | M | The mobile station classmark. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC / HLR. | +| Location | O m | O m | The identity of the cell or the SAC, including the location area code and MCC+MNC, from which the request originated. | +| Basic Services | C | C | The basic service group(s) to which the supplementary service applies. This field is not provided if the action applies to all basic services. | +| Supplementary Service | C | C | The supplementary service or group of supplementary services for which the request was made. May not be available in case of USSD. | +| SS Action | C | C | Activation, deactivation, interrogation etc. May not be available in case of USSD. | +| SS Action time stamp | M | M | The time at which the action was requested. | +| SS Parameters | C | C | Service dependent parameters or unstructured supplementary service data, if defined for the SS action recorded in this CDR. | +| SS Action Result | C | C | Result of the requested transaction if unsuccessful. | +| Call Reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions at the same MS. | +| Record extensions | O c | O c | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| System Type | - | M | This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used. It is omitted when the service is provided by a GSM air interface | + +#### 6.1.3.10 HLR interrogation + +If enabled, a HLR interrogation record shall be created for each interrogation performed for a mobile subscriber. These records may be produced in either the HLR itself or the interrogating MSC. + +**Table 6.1.3.10: HLR interrogation record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|--------------------------|----------------|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | HLR interrogation. | +| Served IMSI | C | C | The IMSI of the party being interrogated, if successful | +| Served MSISDN | M | M | The MSISDN of the subscriber being interrogated. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 Number of the HLR / MSC. | +| Basic Service | O C | O C | Only for teleservice 21 (SMS-MT). | +| Routing Number | C | C | Routing number (MSRN, forwarding no.) provided by the HLR if the interrogation was successful. | +| Interrogation time stamp | M | M | Time at which the interrogation was invoked. | +| Number of Forwarding | C | C | The number of times the call has been forwarded if provided by ISUP. | +| Interrogation Result | C | C | The result of the interrogation request if unsuccessful. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | + +#### 6.1.3.11 Location update (VLR) + +If enabled, a VLR location update record shall be produced in the VLR for each location registration or location update received by the VLR for a mobile subscriber. + +**Table 6.1.3.11: Location update (VLR) record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Loc Upd over SGs | Description | +|--------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | M | Location update. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | M | IMSI of the served MS. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | O M | The primary MSISDN of the party performing the location update | +| Recording Entity | M | M | M | The E.164 number of the entity (VLR or MSC/VLR) generating the record. | +| Old location | C
C | C
C | -
C | Not present for registration:
VMSC E.164 Number
Location Area Code and MCC+MNC | +| New location | M
M
O M | M
M
O M | M
M
O M | VMSC E.164 Number . When E-UTRAN location update over SG, this field contains the E.164 number of the entity (VLR or MSC/VLR) generating the record (i.e Recording entity).
Location Area Code
Cell Identification or Service Area Code and MCC+MNC
The Cell Identity contains the 16 least significant bits and the Tracking Area Code is placed in the Location Area Code field if E-UTRAN location update. | +| Location Extension |

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- | O M | The 12 most significant bits of the E-UTRAN Cell Identity are included if E-UTRAN location update. | +| MS Classmark | M | M | M | The mobile station classmark. When E-UTRAN location update over SG, this field contains Default classmark 1" 0x7F value". | +| Update time stamp | M | M | M | Time at which the update was invoked. | +| Update Result | C | C | C | The result of the location update if unsuccessful. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | + +#### 6.1.3.12 Location update (HLR) + +If enabled, an HLR location update record shall be produced in the HLR for each location registration or location update received by the HLR for a mobile subscriber including location updates received from subscribers roaming in foreign PLMNs. + +**Table 6.1.3.12: Location Update (HLR) record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Location update. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | IMSI of the served MS. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 Number of the HLR. | +| Old location | O C
O C | O C
O C | VMSC E.164 Number
VLR E.164 Number | +| New location | M
M | M
M | VMSC E.164 Number
VLR E.164 Number | +| Update time stamp | M | M | Time at which the update was invoked. | +| Update Result | C | C | The result of the location update if unsuccessful. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | + +#### 6.1.3.13 Short message service, mobile originated + +If enabled, an SMS-MO record shall be produced, within the originating MSC, for each short message sent by a mobile subscriber. + +**Table 6.1.3.13: SMS-MO record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | SMS over SGs | Description | +|---------------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | M | SMS-Mobile originated. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | M | The IMSI of the subscriber sending the short message. | +| Served IMEI | O C | O C | O C | The IMEI of the ME sending the message, if available. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | O M | The primary MSISDN of the subscriber sending the message. | +| MS Classmark | M | M | M | The mobile station classmark. | +| Service Centre | M | M | M | The address (E.164) of the SMS-service centre. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC. | +| Location | O M | O M | O M | The Location Area Code and Cell Identity / Service Area Code and MCC+MNC from which the message originated. The Cell Identity contains the 16 least significant bits and the Tracking Area Code is placed in the Location Area Code field if E-UTRAN is used to deliver the SMS. | +| Event Time stamp | M | M | M | Origination time: The time at which the message was received by the MSC from the subscriber. | +| Message Reference | M | M | M | A reference, provided by the MS uniquely identifying this message. | +| SMS Result | C | C | C | The result of the attempted delivery if unsuccessful. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Destination number | O M | O M | O M | The destination number dialled by the MS sending the short message. | +| CAMELSMSInformation | C | C | C | Set of CAMEL information IEs. Each of these IEs contains information related to CAMEL call leg related for the SMS. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| System Type | - | M | M | This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used. It is omitted when the service is provided by a GSM air interface. The field shall be set to "unknown" for SMS delivery using E-UTRAN. | +| Location Extension | - | - | O M | The 12 most significant bits of the E-UTRAN Cell Identity are included if E-UTRAN is used to deliver the SMS. | + +#### 6.1.3.14 Short message service, mobile terminated + +If enabled, an SMS-MT record shall be produced, within the terminating MSC, for each short message received by a mobile subscriber. + +**Table 6.1.3.14: SMS-MT record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | SMS over SGs | Description | +|---------------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | M | SMS-Mobile Terminated. | +| Service Centre | M | M | M | The E.164 address of the SMS centre. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | M | The IMSI of the receiving party. | +| Served IMEI | O C | O C | O C | The IMEI of the receiving party, if available. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | O M | The MSISDN of the receiving party. | +| MS Classmark | M | C | C | The mobile station classmark. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC. | +| Location | O M | O M | O M | The Location Area Code and Cell Identity /Service Area Code and MCC+MNC to which the message was delivered. The Cell Identity contains the 16 least significant bits and the Tracking Area Code is placed in the Location Area Code field if E-UTRAN is used to deliver the SMS. | +| Event time stamp | M | M | M | Delivery time: time at which message was sent to the MS by the MSC. | +| SMS Result | C | C | C | The result of the attempted delivery if unsuccessful. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| System Type | C | M | M | This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used. It is omitted when the service is provided by a GSM air interface. The field shall be set to "unknown" for SMS delivery using E-UTRAN. | +| CAMELSMSInformation | C | C | C | Set of CAMEL information IEs. Each of these IEs contains information related to CAMEL call leg related for the SMS. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Location Extension | - | - | O M | The 12 most significant bits of the E-UTRAN Cell Identity are included if E-UTRAN is used to deliver the SMS. | + +#### 6.1.3.15 SMS-MO interworking record + +If enabled, an SMS-MO interworking record shall be produced, within the interworking MSC, for each short message generated by a mobile subscriber. These records may be used to settle accounts between PLMNs and SMS service centres. Where the Interworking MSC is also the originating MSC, an SMS-MO CDR will also be generated. + +**Table 6.1.3.15: SMS-MO interworking record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------|----------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | SMS-MO interworking record. | +| Service Centre | M | M | The E.164 address of the SMS service centre. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | The IMSI of the sending party. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC. | +| Event Time stamp | M | M | The time at which the message was received by the interworking function. | +| SMS Result | C | C | The result of the attempted delivery if unsuccessful, when available. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record. | + +#### 6.1.3.16 SMS-MT gateway record + +If enabled, an SMS-MT gateway record shall be produced, within the gateway MSC, for each short message sent to a mobile subscriber. Where the Gateway MSC is also the terminating MSC, an SMS-MT CDR will also be generated. + +**Table 6.1.3.16: SMS-MT gateway record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------|----------------|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | SMS-MT gateway record. | +| Service Centre | M | M | The E.164 address of the SMS service centre. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | The IMSI of the receiving party. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The MSISDN of the receiving party. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC. | +| Event Time stamp | M | M | The time at which the message was received by the gateway. | +| SMS Result | C | C | The result of the attempted delivery if unsuccessful. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | + +#### 6.1.3.17 Common equipment usage record + +If enabled, a common equipment usage record shall be created in the VMSC to record the usage (duration) of common equipment, e.g. conference circuits, employed by a mobile subscriber. + +**Table 6.1.3.17: Common equipment usage record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------------|---------------------|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Common equipment usage record. | +| Equipment type | M | M | e.g. Conference circuit. | +| Equipment Id. | C | C | The local id. Of the equipment employed. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | The IMSI of the party responsible for the seizure of the equipment.. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The primary MSISDN of the served party.. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the MSC in which the equipment is located. | +| Basic service | C | C | Bearer or teleservice employed, if appropriate. | +| Rate Adaptation | O C | O C | Present if "rate adaption" parameters for the basic service were signalled between the MS/UE and the network, see 3GPP TS 24.008 [208]. | +| Fixed Network User Rate | O C | O C | Indicates the user data rate applied for the connection in the fixed network. Shall only be present for 2G HSCSD connections and for UMTS data connections. | +| ChangeOfService | O C | O C | A list of changes of basic service during a connection each time-stamped. | +| Supp. Services | C | C | Supplementary services invoked in connection with this equipment. | +| Event Time Stamp | M
O M | M
O M | Seizure time: the time at which the equipment was seized.
Release time: the time at which the equipment was released. | +| Call Duration | M | M | The total duration of the usage of the equipment. | +| Call Reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions. | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number if applicable. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| System Type | - | M | This field indicates the use of GERAN, UTRAN (or a value of unknown). This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used on call set-up. For an open CDR in a 2G NE (responsible for the CDR), the field is not present (even if the call is handed off to a 3G air interface). For a CDR in a 3G NE (responsible for the CDR), the value unknown shall be used after handover. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O C | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.18 Terminating CAMEL call attempt + +If the generation of these records is enabled, a terminating CAMEL call attempt record shall be generated for each call toward a subscriber with a T-CSI or VT-CSI and if the terminating trigger criteria are met. The record is generated in the GMSC/gsmSSF carrying out the terminating CAMEL call handling and in the MSC server/gsmSSF carrying out the visited terminating CAMEL call attempt. + +**Table 6.1.3.18: Terminating CAMEL record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-----------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Terminating CAMEL interrogation. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | IMSI of the called party | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The MSISDN of the called party. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the GMSC. | +| Interrogation time stamp | M | M | Time at which the interrogation was invoked. | +| CAMEL Destination Number | M | M | The number available for routing after the CAMEL server enquiry. | +| GsmSCF Address | M | M | The CAMEL server serving the subscriber. | +| Service key | M | M | The CAMEL service logic to be applied. | +| Network call reference | M | M | An identifier to correlate transactions on the same call taking place in different network nodes. | +| MSC Address | M | M | This field contains the E.164 number assigned to the MSC that generated the network call reference. | +| Default call handling | O C | O C | Indicates whether or not a CAMEL call encountered default call handling. This field shall be present only if default call handling has been applied. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the called party as received by the GMSC/gsmSSF. | +| Calling Number | C | C | The address of the calling party, if available. | +| Incoming TKGP | O M | O C | The GMSC trunk group on which the call originated. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Outgoing TKGP | O M | O C | The trunk group on which the call left the GMSC. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Event time stamps: | C
C
O M | C
C
O M | Seizure time: time of incoming traffic channel seizure (for unsuccessful call attempts)
Answer time: time of answer (for successful calls)
Release time: time of traffic channel release | +| Call duration | M | M | The chargeable duration of the connection for successful calls, the holding time of call attempts. | +| Data volume | C | - | The number of data segments transmitted if available at the GMSC | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Number of DP encountered | O C | O C | Number that counts how often armed detection points (TDP and EDP) were encountered. | +| Level of CAMEL service | O C | O C | Indicator of the complexity of the CAMEL feature used. | +| Free format Data | C | C | This field contains data sent by the gsmSCF in the Furnish Charging Information (FCI) message(s). The data can be sent either in one FCI message or several FCI messages with append indicator. | +| CAMEL call leg information | C | C | Set of CAMEL information IEs. Each of these IEs contains information related to one outgoing CAMEL call leg. | +| Free format data append indicator | C | C | Indicator if free format data from this CDR is to be appended to free format data in previous partial CDR. | +| MSC server indication | C | C | Indication if the CAMEL call handling is active in the MSC server. | +| Default call handling 2 | O C | O C | Indicates whether or not a CAMEL call encountered default call handling for 2 nd service such as dialled service. This field shall be present only if default call handling has been applied. | +| GsmSCF address 2 | C | C | Identifies the CAMEL server serving the subscriber for 2 nd service such as dialled service. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| Service key 2 | C | C | The CAMEL service logic to be applied for 2 nd service such as dialled service. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------------------------|----------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Free format Data 2 | C | C | This field contains data sent by the gsmSCF in the FCI message(s) for 2 nd service such as dialled service. The data can be sent either in one FCI message or several FCI messages with append indicator. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| Free format data append indicator 2 | C | C | Indicator if free format data for 2 nd service from this CDR is to be appended to free format data in previous partial CDR. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied for 2 nd service. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | - | O c | Location Routing Number for Number Portability feature | +| LRN Source Indicator | - | O c | LRN Source Indicator tells the source of the LRN | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | - | O c | Status of Number Portability query. | +| JIP Parameter | - | O c | Jurisdiction Information Parameter | +| JIP Source Indicator | - | O c | JIP Source Indicator tells the source of the JIP | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | - | O c | Status of Number Portability query. | +| Partial Record Type | O c | O c | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.19 IMEI observation ticket + +An observed IMEI ticket is generated whenever greylisted, blacklisted or non-white listed mobile equipment is detected during an IMEI check. The purpose of the ticket is to link the mobile equipment under observation with its current user (IMSI). The ticket also includes information describing when and where the equipment was used to enable the tracking of such equipment. Finally, if the ticket was triggered by a call attempt, a call reference is provided in order to locate the corresponding call record. + +The IMEI tickets are generated by the NEF of the MSC performing the IMEI check. + +**Table 6.1.3.19: IMEI ticket** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------|----------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Served IMEI | M | M | IMEI of the observed mobile equipment | +| IMEI Status | M | M | The result of the IMEI check e.g. blacklisted, greylisted, unknown. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | The IMSI of the subscriber currently using the mobile equipment. | +| Served MSISDN | C | C | The MSISDN of the subscriber currently using the observed mobile equipment, only available if the event that triggered the IMEI check was an MOC, MTC, SMS-MO or SMS-MT | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the recording MSC. | +| Event Time Stamp | M | M | The time at which the IMEI check was performed. | +| Location | M | M | The location area code and cell identity of the cell and MCC+MNC from which the mobile equipment was used. | +| IMEI Check Event | O M | O M | The event that caused IMEI checking to take place | +| Call Reference | O c | O c | Only available if the IMEI check was related to an MOC or MTC | +| Record extensions | O c | O c | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | + +#### 6.1.3.20 Mobile terminated location request (MT-LR) + +If enabled, an LCS-MT record shall be produced, within the visited MSC, for each mobile a terminated location request is performed for. + +**Table 6.1.3.20: LCS-MT record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-------------------------|----------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | LCS-MT record. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC producing the record. | +| LCS Client Type | M | M | The type of the LCS client that invoked the LR. | +| LCS Client Identity | M | M | Further identification of the LCS client . | +| Served IMSI | C | C | The IMSI of the subscriber the LR is invoked for, if available. See NOTE | +| Served MSISDN | C | C | The MSISDN of the subscriber the LR is invoked for, if available. See NOTE | +| Served IMEI | C | C | The IMEI of the subscriber the LR is invoked for, if available. See NOTE | +| Location Type | M | M | The type of the location request. | +| LCS QoS | C | C | QoS of the LR, if available. | +| LCS Priority | C | C | Priority of the LR, if available. | +| MLC Number | M | M | The E.164 address of the requesting GMLC. | +| Event Time Stamp | M | M | The time at which the LR was received by the MSC. | +| MeasureDuration | O M | O M | The duration of proceeding the location request . | +| Notification To MS User | C | C | The privacy notification to MS user that was applicable when the LR was invoked, if available. | +| Privacy Override | C | C | This parameter indicates if MS privacy was overridden by the LCS client, if available. | +| Location | O M | - | The LAC and CI and MCC+MNC when the LR is received. | +| Location Estimate | O C | O C | The location estimate for the subscriber if contained in geographic position and the LR was successful. | +| Positioning Data | C | C | The positioning method used or attempted, if available. | +| LCS Cause | O C | O C | The result of the LR if any failure or partial success happened as known at the radio interface. | +| Cause for Termination | M | M | The reason for the termination of the location service. | +| Diagnostics | C | C | A more detailed information about the Cause for Termination if any failure or partial success happened. | +| System Type | - | M | This field indicates the use of GERAN or UTRAN at the time of the LCS request. This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used on call set-up. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record. | + +NOTE: at least one: IMSI, MSISDN or IMEI, shall be present. + +#### 6.1.3.21 Mobile originated location request (MO-LR) + +If enabled, an LCS-MO record shall be produced, within the visited MSC, for each mobile an originated location request is performed for. + +**Table 6.1.3.21: LCS-MO record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-----------------------|----------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | LCS-MO record. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC producing the record. | +| LCS Client Type | C | C | The type of the LCS client that invoked the LR, if available. | +| LCS Client Identity | C | C | Further identification of the LCS client, if available. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | The IMSI of the subscriber the LR is invoked for. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The MSISDN of the subscriber the LR is invoked for. | +| MOLR Type | M | M | The type of the LR. | +| LCS QoS | C | C | QoS of the LR, if available. | +| LCS Priority | O C | O C | Priority of the LR, if available. | +| MLC Number | C | C | The E.164 address of the involved GMLC, if available. | +| Event Time Stamp | M | M | The time at which the LR was received by the MSC. | +| MeasureDuration | O M | O M | The duration of proceeding the location request . | +| Location Estimate | O C | O C | The location estimate for the subscriber if contained in geographic position and the LR was successful. | +| Positioning Data | C | C | The positioning method used or attempted, if available. | +| LCS Cause | C | C | The result of the LR if any failure or partial success happened as known at the radio interface. | +| Cause for Termination | M | M | The reason for the termination of the location service. | +| Diagnostics | C | C | A more detailed information about the Cause for Termination if any failure or partial success happened. | +| System Type | - | M | This field indicates the use of GERAN or UTRAN at the time of the LCS request. This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used on call set-up. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record. | + +#### 6.1.3.22 Network induced location request (NI-LR) + +If enabled, an LCS-NI record shall be produced, within the visited MSC, for each network induced location request performed for a MS e.g. in case of emergency call. + +**Table 6.1.3.22: LCS-NI record** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|-----------------------|----------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | LCS-NI record. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC producing the record. | +| LCS Client Type | C | C | The type of the LCS client that invoked the LR, if available. | +| LCS Client Identity | C | C | Further identification of the LCS client, if available. | +| Served IMSI | C | C | The IMSI of the calling party the LR is executed for if supplied by the UE. | +| Served MSISDN | C | C | The MSISDN of the calling party the LR is executed for if supplied by the UE. | +| Served IMEI | C | C | The IMEI of the calling party the LR is executed for if available. | +| EMS-Digits | O C | O C | The emergency service routing digits, if emergency call. | +| EMS-Key | O C | O C | The emergency service routing key, if emergency call. | +| LCS QoS | C | C | QoS of the LR, if available. | +| LCS Priority | C | C | Priority of the LR, if available. | +| MLC Number | C | C | The E.164 address of the involved GMLC, if available. | +| Event Time Stamp | M | M | The time at which the LR was received by the MSC. | +| MeasureDuration | O M | O M | The duration of proceeding the location request . | +| Location Estimate | O C | O C | The location estimate for the subscriber if contained in geographic position and the LR was successful. | +| Positioning Data | C | C | The positioning method used or attempted, if available. | +| LCS Cause | C | C | The result of the LR if any failure or partial success happened as known at the radio interface. | +| Cause for Termination | M | M | The reason for the termination of the location service. | +| Diagnostics | C | C | A more detailed information about the Cause for Termination if any failure or partial success happened. | +| System Type | - | M | This field indicates the use of GERAN or UTRAN at the time of the LCS request. This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used on call set-up. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record. | + +#### 6.1.3.23 Mobile originated call attempt (CAMEL CPH adapted version) + +If the MSC / gsmSCF is able to provide CAMEL CPH services, this kind of record shall replace records according to section 6.1.3.1 Mobile originated call attempt. This applies to all mobile originated call attempts, even if no CPH operations are used in the individual call. Record fields that are specific to individual outgoing legs are recorded in the grouped field 'Camel Call Leg Information'. + +If the generation of this kind of record is enabled then the MSC shall produce one MOC record. The incoming leg is recorded in the main body. Whenever there is a CAMEL dialogue, outgoing legs of the same call segment are recorded in the grouped field "CAMEL call leg information". Further legs in new call segments are recorded in CDRs of type "6.1.3.25 New Call Segment in a MO, CF or MT CAMEL Dialogue". + +Examples for call situations where this type of record applies are the following: + +- Mobile originating call without CPH being involved, +- Mobile originating call continuing after disconnect of the incoming leg in case of no partial record generation. When partial records are generated, they are of type "6.1.3.25 New Call Segment in a MO, CF or MT CAMEL Dialogue", +- Mobile originating call with more than one outgoing leg on this call segment, +- Mobile originating call in which the original outgoing leg has been disconnected by gsmSCF. + +Disconnect of the incoming leg is recorded by filling the related record fields in the main body of the record. Optionally a partial record may be generated. This partial record is of type "6.1.3.24 gsmSSF initiated CAMEL CPH call attempt". + +Disappearing (DisconnectLeg, SplitLeg, etc.) of an outgoing leg is recorded by filling the related record fields in the 'Camel Call Leg Information' field for the disappearing leg. Optionally a partial record may be generated. This partial record does not contain information of the leg that disappeared, i.e. it does not contain a 'Camel Call Leg Information' field for that leg. + +Connection of a further leg to this call segment is recorded by adding a further field 'Camel Call Leg Information'. Optionally a partial record may be generated. + +**Table 6.1.3.23: MOC record (CAMEL CPH adapted version)** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|----------------------------|----------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Mobile originated. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | IMSI of the calling party. | +| Served IMEI | C | C | IMEI of the calling ME, if available. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The primary MSISDN of the calling party. | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the called party i.e. the number dialled by the calling subscriber. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC producing the record. | +| Incoming TKGP | O M | O C | The MSC trunk group on which the call originated, usually from the BSS. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Location | M | M | The identity of the cell or the SAC and MCC+MNC at the time of CDR creation, including the location area code. | +| Change of Location | O C | O C | A list of changes in Location Area Code / Service Area Code / Cell Id and MCC+MNC. Each time-stamped. | +| Basic service | M | M | Bearer or teleservice employed. 'speech' in case of CAMEL CPH calls. | +| Supp. Services | C | C | Supplementary services invoked as a result of this connection. This field shall be present when one or more supplementary services have been invoked. | +| AOC Parameters | O C | O C | The charge advice parameters sent to the MS on call set-up. This field shall be supplied only when AoC parameters have been sent. | +| Change of AOC Parameters | O C | O C | New AOC parameters sent to the MS e.g. as a result of a tariff switch over, including the time at which the new set was applied. This field shall be supplied only when AoC parameters have been sent. | +| MS Classmark | M | M | The mobile station classmark employed on call set-up. | +| Change of Classmark | O C | O C | A list of changes to the classmark during the connection each time-stamped. | +| Event time stamps: | C | C | Seizure time: time of incoming traffic channel seizure (for unsuccessful call attempts) | +| | C | C | Answer: time of answer (for successful calls) | +| | O M | O M | Release time: time of traffic channel release for the incoming leg. | +| Call duration | C | C | The chargeable duration of the connection of the incoming leg for successful calls, the holding time of the incoming leg for call attempts. | +| Radio Chan. Requested | O M | - | The type of radio traffic channel (full / half etc.) requested by the MS. | +| Radio Chan. Used | M | - | The type of radio channel actually used (full or half rate). | +| Change of Rad. Chan. | O C | - | A list of changes each time stamped. | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network / manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| GsmSCF address | M | M | Identifies the CAMEL server serving the subscriber. | +| Service key | C | C | The CAMEL service logic to be applied. | +| Network call reference | M | M | An identifier to correlate transactions on the same call taking place in different network nodes. | +| MSC Address | M | M | This field contains the E.164 number assigned to the MSC that generated the network call reference. | +| Default call handling | O C | O C | Indicates whether or not a CAMEL call encountered default call handling. This field shall be present only if default call handling has been applied. | +| Speech Version Supported | O M | - | Speech version supported by the MS with highest priority indicated by MS | +| Speech Version Used | O M | - | Speech version used for that call | +| Number of DP encountered | O M | O M | Number that counts how often armed detection points (TDP and EDP) were encountered. Sum of all DPs encountered in this call. | +| Level of CAMEL service | O M | O M | Indicator for the complexity of the CAMEL feature used. | +| Free format Data | C | C | This field contains data sent by the gsmSCF in the Furnish Charging Information (FCI) message(s). The data can be sent either in one FCI message or several FCI messages with append indicator. | +| CAMEL call leg information | C | C | Set of CAMEL information IEs. Each of these IEs contains information related to one outgoing CAMEL call leg. | +| CAMEL Destination Number | | | Destination modified by camel service. | +| Translated Number | | | Called number after digit translation within the MSC. | +| Connected Number | | | Number of connected party if different from 'CAMEL Destination Number'. | +| Roaming Number | | | MSRN to route this leg (if applicable). | +| MSC outgoing TKGP | | | Trunk on which the leg leaves the MSC. | +| Seizure Time | | | Time of traffic channel seizure for this leg. | + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|------------------------------------|----------------|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Answer Time | | | Time when the answer message is received for this leg. | +| Release Time | | | Time when the leg is released or moved into another call segment. | +| Call Duration | | | Time between answer and release timestamp of this leg. | +| Additional Chg. Info | | | Charge/no charge indicator and additional charging parameters, when available. | +| Free Format Data | | | If received in the FCI message from SCF. | +| Free Format Data Append | | | If received in the FCI message from SCF. | +| Free Format Data 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Free Format Data Append 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Diagnostics | | | Detailed reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. | +| Cause for Termination | | | The reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. | +| Default Call Handling 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| gsm-SCF Address 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| Service Key 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| Free Format Data Incoming 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Free Format Data Append Incoming 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | | | For Number Portability feature, not available in 2G records. | +| LRN Source Indicator | | | Source of the LRN, not available in 2G records. | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | | | Status of Number Portability query, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Parameter | | | Jurisdiction Information Parameter, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Source Indicator | | | The source of the JIP, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | | | Status of Number Portability query, not available in 2G records. | +| Free Format Data Append Indicator | C | C | Indicator if free format data from this CDR is to be appended to free format data in previous partial CDR. Shall be present only if CAMEL id applied. | +| System Type | - | M | This field indicates the use of GERAN, UTRAN (or a value of unknown) of the incoming leg. This field is present when either the UTRAN or GERAN air-interface is used on call set-up. For an open CDR in a 2G NE (responsible for the CDR), the field is not present (even if the call is handed off to a 3G air interface). For a CDR in a 3G NE (responsible for the CDR), the value unknown shall be used after handover. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O c | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | +| Redial Attempt | O c | O c | Indicates to the network that a call is the result of a redial attempt to switch from speech to multimedia or vice-versa | + +#### 6.1.3.24 gsmSCF initiated CAMEL CPH call attempt + +If the generation of these records is enabled then an MOC record shall be created for each gsmSCF initiated call attempt and for new parties in new call segments, which are created in a new call dialogue. Examples for call situations where this type of record applies are the following: + +- gsmSCF initiated call segment association (new call): +There is only one call segment. It contains the outgoing leg, which is created via CPH initiate call attempt operation (ICA). + - This outgoing leg can be connected to an SRF, which is recorded in the same record in the field 'Camel Call Leg Information'. +- gsmSCF initiated new party in an already established gsmSCF initiated CAP dialogue (new leg): +In a new call dialogue a further call leg in a new call segment is initiated via ICA operation. + - This call segment contains one outgoing leg, which can be connected to an SRF. This leg and if used the SRF are recorded in the record for this call segment in the field 'Camel Call Leg Information'. + - This leg can be connected to the other outgoing leg. This would terminate the call segment and thus the call record. The 'Cause for Termination' indicates the reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. The Timestamps ('Call Duration', 'Release Time', etc.) are filled in. The record of the call segment the leg is moved to records the leg in a further field 'Camel Call Leg Information'. + - The other leg could be connected to this leg which is recorded by adding a further field 'Camel Call Leg Information'. + +Record fields for an incoming leg do not exist, because there is no incoming leg in the call segment this record is created for. + +**Table 6.1.3.24: MOC CPH record (gsmSCF initiated)** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|----------------------------|----------------|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Mobile originated. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The number of the initiating party. "Calling Party Number" as received in the ICA operation. | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the called party. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC producing the record. | +| Basic service | M | M | Bearer or teleservice employed. 'speech' in case of CAMEL CPH calls. | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network / manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| GsmSCF address | C | C | Identifies the CAMEL server serving the subscriber (network call reference). | +| Network call reference | M | M | An identifier to correlate transactions on the same call taking place in different network nodes. | +| MSC Address | M | M | This field contains the E.164 number assigned to the MSC that generated the record. | +| Number of DP encountered | O C | O C | Number that counts how often armed detection points (TDP and EDP) were encountered. Sum of all DPs encountered in this call. | +| Level of CAMEL service | O C | O C | Indicator for the complexity of the CAMEL feature used. | +| CAMEL call leg information | C | C | Set of CAMEL information IEs. Each of these IEs contains information related to one outgoing CAMEL call leg. | +| CAMEL Destination Number | | | Destination as received in the ICA operation. | +| Translated Number | | | Called number after digit translation within the MSC. | +| Connected Number | | | Number of connected party if different from 'CAMEL Destination Number'. | +| Roaming Number | | | MSRN to route this leg (if applicable). | +| MSC outgoing TKGP | | | Trunk on which the leg leaves the MSC. | +| Seizure Time | | | Time of traffic channel seizure for this leg. | +| Answer Time | | | Time when the answer message is received for this leg. | +| Release Time | | | Time when the leg is released or moved into another call segment. | +| Call Duration | | | Time between answer and release timestamp of this leg. | + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|------------------------------------|----|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Additional Chg. Info | | | Charge/no charge indicator and additional charging parameters, when available. | +| Free Format Data | | | If received in the FCI message from SCF. | +| Free Format Data Append | | | If received in the FCI message from SCF. | +| Free Format Data 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Free Format Data Append 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Diagnostics | | | Detailed reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. | +| Cause for Termination | | | The reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. | +| Default Call Handling 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| gsm-SCF Address 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| Service Key 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| Free Format Data Incoming 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Free Format Data Append Incoming 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | | | For Number Portability feature, not available in 2G records. | +| LRN Source Indicator | | | Source of the LRN, not available in 2G records. | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | | | Status of Number Portability query, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Parameter | | | Jurisdiction Information Parameter, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Source Indicator | | | The source of the JIP, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | | | Status of Number Portability query, not available in 2G records. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O c | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.25 New Call Segment in a MO, CF and MT CAMEL Dialogue + +If the generation of these records is enabled then an MOC record shall be created for call segments without incoming leg, generated by a CAMEL dialogue for mobile originated, call forwarding or mobile terminating call attempts. Examples for call situations where this type of record applies are the following: + +- Additional call segment, which is created by means of a 'SplitLeg' operation or ICA (new party) operation. + - This call segment contains one outgoing leg, which can be connected to an SRF. This leg and if used the SRF are recorded in the record for this call segment in the field 'Camel Call Leg Information'. + - This leg can be connected to the other outgoing leg. This would terminate the call segment and thus the call record. The 'Cause for Termination' indicates the reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. The Timestamps ('Call Duration', 'Release Time', etc.) are filled in. The record of the call segment the leg is moved to records the leg in a further field 'Camel Call Leg Information'. + - The other leg could be connected to this leg which is recorded by adding a further field 'Camel Call Leg Information'. +- Call segment where the incoming leg disappeared (e.g. due to SplitLeg or DisconnectLeg operation). A record of this type is generated if partial records are generated. + +Although an incoming leg does not exist, the 'IMSI', the 'IMEI' and the 'Service Key' is recorded in the main body. + +**Table 6.1.3.25: MOC CPH record (new call segment)** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|--------------------------|----------------|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Mobile originated. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | IMSI of the served party ('calling party' in case of MOC, 'forwarding party' in case of call forwarding respectively 'called party' in case of MTC). | +| Served IMEI | C | C | IMEI of the served ME, if available ('calling party' in case of MOC, 'forwarding party' in case of call forwarding respectively 'called party' in case of MTC). | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The MSISDN of the served party ('calling party' in case of MOC, 'forwarding party' in case of call forwarding respectively 'called party' in case of MTC). | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the called party. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the visited MSC producing the record. | +| Basic service | M | M | Bearer or teleservice employed. 'speech' in case of CAMEL CPH calls. | +| Supp. Services | C | C | Supplementary services invoked as a result of this connection. This field shall be present when one or more supplementary services have been invoked. | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network / manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| GsmSCF address | C | C | Identifies the CAMEL server serving the subscriber. | +| Service Key | C | C | The CAMEL service logic to be applied. | +| Network call reference | M | M | An identifier to correlate transactions on the same call taking place in different network nodes. | +| MSC Address | M | M | This field contains the E.164 number assigned to the MSC that generated the network call reference. | +| Default call handling | O C | O C | Indicates whether or not a CAMEL call encountered default call handling. This field shall be present only if default call handling has been applied. | +| Number of DP encountered | O C | O C | Number that counts how often armed detection points (TDP and EDP) were encountered. Sum of all DPs encountered in this call. | +| Level of CAMEL service | O C | O C | Indicator for the complexity of the CAMEL feature used. | + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|------------------------------------|----|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CAMEL call leg information | C | C | Set of CAMEL information IEs. Each of these IEs contains information related to one outgoing CAMEL call leg. | +| CAMEL Destination Number | | | Destination as received in the ICA operation. | +| Translated Number | | | Called number after digit translation within the MSC. | +| Connected Number | | | Number of connected party if different from 'CAMEL Destination Number'. | +| Roaming Number | | | MSRN to route this leg (if applicable). | +| MSC outgoing TKGP | | | Trunk on which the leg leaves the MSC. | +| Seizure Time | | | Time of traffic channel seizure for this leg. | +| Answer Time | | | Time when the answer message is received for this leg. | +| Release Time | | | Time when the leg is released or moved into another call segment. | +| Call Duration | | | Time between answer and release timestamp of this leg. | +| Additional Chg. Info | | | Charge/no charge indicator and additional charging parameters, when available. | +| Free Format Data | | | If received in the FCI message from SCF. | +| Free Format Data Append | | | If received in the FCI message from SCF. | +| Free Format Data 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Free Format Data Append 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Diagnostics | | | Detailed reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. | +| Cause for Termination | | | The reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. | +| Default Call Handling 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| gsm-SCF Address 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| Service Key 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| Free Format Data Incoming 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Free Format Data Append Incoming 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | | | For Number Portability feature, not available in 2G records. | +| LRN Source Indicator | | | Source of the LRN, not available in 2G records. | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | | | Status of Number Portability query, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Parameter | | | Jurisdiction Information Parameter, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Source Indicator | | | The source of the JIP, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | | | Status of Number Portability query, not available in 2G records. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O c | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.26 Mobile originated call forwarding attempt (CAMEL CPH adapted version) + +If the MSC / gsmSCF is able to provide CAMEL CPH services, this kind of record shall replace records according to section “6.1.3.3 Mobile originated call forwarding attempt“. This applies to all mobile originated call forwarding attempts, even if no CPH operations are used in the individual call. + +If the generation of MOC records is enabled in the forwarding MSC then the forwarding MSC shall produce an MOC record for the forwarded-leg of the call. + +If further legs in new call segments are generated by this CAMEL dialogue, they are recorded in CDRs of type “6.1.3.25 New Call Segment in a MO, CF or MT CAMEL Dialogue”. + +Connection of a further leg to this call segment is recorded by adding a further field 'Camel Call Leg Information'. Optionally a partial record may be generated. + +**Table 6.1.3.26: MOC, call forwarding record (CAMEL CPH adapted version)** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Mobile originated. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | IMSI of the forwarding party. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The MSISDN of the forwarding party. | +| Calling Number | O C | O C | The address of the calling party. | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the “forwarded-to” party. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the forwarding MSC | +| Incoming TKGP | O M | O M | The MSC trunk group on which the call originated at the forwarding MSC. | +| Basic service | C | C | 'speech' in case of CAMEL CPH, not always available e.g. in case of call forwarding unconditional. | +| Supplementary Services | C | C | Supplementary services invoked as a result of this connection, if this information is available to the forwarding node. This field shall be present when one or more supplementary services have been invoked. | +| Event time stamps: | C
C
O M | C
C
O M | Seizure time: time of incoming traffic channel seizure (for unsuccessful call attempts)
Answer time: time of answer (for successful calls)
Release time: time of traffic channel release | +| Call duration | C | C | The chargeable duration of the connection for successful calls, the holding time of call attempts. | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| GsmSCF address | C | C | Identifies the CAMEL server serving the subscriber. | +| Service key | C | C | The CAMEL service logic to be applied. | +| Network call reference | C | C | An identifier to correlate transactions on the same call taking place in different network nodes. | +| MSC Address | C | C | This field contains the E.164 number assigned to the MSC that generated the network call reference. | +| CAMEL initiated CF indicator | O C | O C | Indicates that the CAMEL server initiated call forwarding. Not available in case of gsm call forwarding. | +| Default call handling | O C | O C | Indicates whether or not a CAMEL call encountered default call handling. This field shall be present only if default call handling has been applied. | +| Number of DP encountered | O C | O C | Number that counts how often armed detection points (TDP and EDP) were encountered. Sum of all DPs encountered in this call. | +| Level of CAMEL service | O C | O C | Indicator of the complexity of the CAMEL feature used. | +| Free format Data | C | C | This field contains data sent by the gsmSCF in the Furnish Charging Information (FCI) messages. The data can be sent either in one FCI message or several FCI messages with append indicator. | + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|------------------------------------|----|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CAMEL call leg information | C | C | Set of CAMEL information IEs. Each of these IEs contains information related to one outgoing CAMEL call leg. | +| CAMEL Destination Number | | | Destination modified by CAMEL service. | +| Translated Number | | | Called number after digit translation within the MSC. | +| Connected Number | | | Number of connected party if different from 'CAMEL Destination Number'. | +| Roaming Number | | | MSRN to route this leg (if applicable). | +| MSC outgoing TKGP | | | Trunk on which the leg leaves the MSC. | +| Seizure Time | | | Time of traffic channel seizure for this leg. | +| Answer Time | | | Time when the answer message is received for this leg. | +| Release Time | | | Time when the leg is released or moved into another call segment. | +| Call Duration | | | Time between answer and release timestamp of this leg. | +| Additional Chg. Info | | | Charge/no charge indicator and additional charging parameters, when available. | +| Free Format Data | | | If received in the FCI message from SCF. | +| Free Format Data Append | | | If received in the FCI message from SCF. | +| Free Format Data 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Free Format Data Append 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Diagnostics | | | Detailed reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. | +| Cause for Termination | | | The reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. | +| Default Call Handling 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| gsm-SCF Address 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| Service Key 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| Free Format Data Incoming 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Free Format Data Append Incoming 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | | | For Number Portability feature, not available in 2G records. | +| LRN Source Indicator | | | Source of the LRN, not available in 2G records. | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | | | Status of Number Portability query, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Parameter | | | Jurisdiction Information Parameter, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Source Indicator | | | The source of the JIP, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | | | Status of Number Portability query, not available in 2G records. | +| Free format data append indicator | C | C | Indicator if free format data from this CDR is to be appended to free format data in previous partial CDR. Shall be present only if CAMEL is applied. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O c | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.27 Terminating CAMEL call attempt (CAMEL CPH adapted version) + +If the MSC / gsmSCF is able to provide CAMEL CPH services, this kind of record shall replace records according to section “6.1.3.18 Terminating CAMEL call attempt“. This applies to all terminating CAMEL call attempts, even if no CPH operations are used in the individual call. + +If the generation of these records is enabled, a terminating CAMEL call attempt record shall be generated for each call involving CAMEL CPH operations. The record is generated in the GMSC/gsmSSF carrying out the terminating CAMEL call handling and in the MSC server/gsmSSF carrying out the visited terminating CAMEL call attempt. + +If further legs in new call segments are generated by this CAMEL dialogue, they are recorded in CDRs of type “6.1.3.25 New Call Segment in a MO, CF or MT CAMEL Dialogue”. + +**Table 6.1.3.27: Terminating CAMEL record (CPH adapted version)** + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|--------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | M | Terminating CAMEL interrogation. | +| Served IMSI | M | M | IMSI of the called party | +| Served MSISDN | O M | O M | The MSISDN of the called party. | +| Recording Entity | M | M | The E.164 number of the GMSC. | +| Interrogation time stamp | M | M | Time at which the interrogation was invoked. | +| GsmSCF Address | M | M | The CAMEL server serving the subscriber. | +| Service key | M | M | The CAMEL service logic to be applied. | +| Network call reference | M | M | An identifier to correlate transactions on the same call taking place in different network nodes. | +| MSC Address | M | M | This field contains the E.164 number assigned to the MSC that generated the network call reference. | +| Default call handling | O C | O C | Indicates whether or not a CAMEL call encountered default call handling. This field shall be present only if default call handling has been applied. | +| Record extensions | O C | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Called Number | M | M | The address of the called party as received by the GMSC/gsmSSF. | +| Calling Number | C | C | The address of the calling party, if available. | +| Incoming TKGP | O M | O C | The GMSC trunk group on which the call originated. If available in 3G, this parameter shall be supplied. | +| Event time stamps: | C
C
O M | C
C
O M | Seizure time: time of incoming traffic channel seizure (for unsuccessful call attempts)
Answer time: time of answer (for successful calls)
Release time: time of traffic channel release | +| Call duration | C | C | The chargeable duration of the connection for successful calls, the holding time of call attempts. | +| Cause for termination | M | M | The reason for the release of the connection. | +| Diagnostics | O M | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Number of DP encountered | O C | O C | Number that counts how often armed detection points (TDP and EDP) were encountered. Sum of all DPs encountered in this call. | +| Level of CAMEL service | O C | O C | Indicator of the complexity of the CAMEL feature used. | +| Free format Data | C | C | This field contains data sent by the gsmSCF in the Furnish Charging Information (FCI) message(s). The data can be sent either in one FCI message or several FCI messages with append indicator. | + +| Field | 2G | 3G | Description | +|------------------------------------|----|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CAMEL call leg information | C | C | Set of CAMEL information IEs. Each of these IEs contains information related to one outgoing CAMEL call leg. | +| CAMEL Destination Number | | | Destination as received in the ICA operation or overwritten by TDP3. | +| Translated Number | | | Called number after digit translation within the MSC. | +| Connected Number | | | Number of connected party if different from 'CAMEL Destination Number'. | +| Roaming Number | | | MSRN or B-party (if applicable). | +| MSC outgoing TKGP | | | Trunk on which the leg leaves the MSC. | +| Seizure Time | | | Time of traffic channel seizure for this leg. | +| Answer Time | | | Time when the answer message is received for this leg. | +| Release Time | | | Time when the leg is released or moved into another call segment. | +| Call Duration | | | Time between answer and release timestamp of this leg. | +| CAMEL Init CF Indicator | | | Indicates that the CAMEL server initiated call forwarding. | +| Additional Chg. Info | | | Charge/no charge indicator and additional charging parameters, when available. | +| Free Format Data | | | If received in the FCI message from SCF. | +| Free Format Data Append | | | If received in the FCI message from SCF. | +| Free Format Data 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Free Format Data Append 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Diagnostics | | | Detailed reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. | +| Cause for Termination | | | The reason for disappearing of the leg in this call segment. | +| Default Call Handling 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| gsm-SCF Address 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| Service Key 2 | | | Present if a 2 nd service (DP3) is triggered. | +| Free Format Data Incoming 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Free Format Data Append Incoming 2 | | | If provided in the FCI message for a 2 nd service. | +| Location Routing Number (LRN) | | | For Number Portability feature, not available in 2G records. | +| LRN Source Indicator | | | Source of the LRN, not available in 2G records. | +| LRN Query Status Indicator | | | Status of Number Portability query, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Parameter | | | Jurisdiction Information Parameter, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Source Indicator | | | The source of the JIP, not available in 2G records. | +| JIP Query Status Indicator | | | Status of Number Portability query, not available in 2G records. | +| Free format data append indicator | C | C | Indicator if free format data from this CDR is to be appended to free format data in previous partial CDR. | +| MSC server indication | C | C | Indication if the CAMEL call handling is active in the MSC server. | +| Partial Record Type | - | O c | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.28 SRVCC MSC Call handling in MSC server enhanced for SRVCC + +If the generation of these records is enabled then a MSC-SRVCC record shall be created for each voice call transfer from IMS domain to CS domain, for voice calls anchored in the IMS. These MSC-SRVCC records shall be produced in the enhanced MSC Server enhanced for SRVCC. + +**Table 6.1.3.28: MSC-SRVCC record** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|------------------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | MSC-SRVCC | +| Served IMSI | M | IMSI of PS to CS Request. | +| Served IMEI | C | Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI, IMEISV) of the UE, if available | +| Served MSISDN | M | The Correlation MSISDN of the PS to CS Request. | +| Called Number | M | Session Transfer Number for Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (STN-SR) for transfer from PS to CS | +| Recording Entity | M | The E.164 number of the enhanced MSC server producing the record. | +| Outgoing TKGP | O M | The trunk group on which the call left the MSC, if available | +| IMS Charging Identifier | O M | This parameter holds the IMS charging identifier (ICID) as generated by the enhanced MSC server with SIP interface. | +| Related ICID | O C | This parameter holds the IMS charging identifier (ICID) from the IMS call leg. | +| Related ICID Generation Node | O C | This parameter holds the identifier of the IMS node that generated the Related ICID. | +| Location | M | Location of the UE after the successful SRVCC PS to CS Transfer. | +| Change of Location | O C | A list of changes in Location of the UE. Each time-stamped. | +| Basic service | M | teleservice speech | +| Supplementary Services | C | Supplementary services invoked as a result of this connection. This field shall be present when one or more supplementary services have been invoked. | +| MS Classmark | C | Classmark of MM Context for E-UTRAN SRVCC in PS to CS Request | +| Event time stamps: | C | Transfer request time: time of PS to CS Request received by enhanced MSC server. | +| | C | Answer: time of answer received by enhanced MSC server on successful transfer | +| | O M | Release time: time of traffic channel release | +| ICS I2 active Flag | C | This field indicates that the MSC is IMS registered on the UE's behalf during the session | +| Call duration | M | The chargeable duration of the connection for successful transferred call. | +| Cause for termination | M | The reason for the release of the CS media. | +| Diagnostics | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the CS media | +| Call reference | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Record extensions | O C | A set of network / manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Partial Record Type | O C | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.29 SRVCC CS Emergency Call handling in MSC server enhanced for SRVCC + +If the generation of these records is enabled then a MSC-SRVCC Emergency record shall be created for each emergency call transfer from IMS domain to CS domain, for emergency calls anchored in the IMS. These MSC-SRVCC Emergency records shall be produced in the MSC server enhanced for SRVCC. + +**Table 6.1.3.29: MSC-SRVCC Emergency record** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|-------------------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | MSC-SRVCC | +| Served IMSI | C | IMSI of PS to CS Request, if available. | +| Served IMEI | C | Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI, IMEISV) of the UE, if available | +| Served MSISDN | C | The Correlation MSISDN of the PS to CS Request, if available. | +| Called Number | M | Emergency Session Transfer Number for SR VCC (E-STN-SR) for transfer from PS to CS. | +| Recording Entity | M | The E.164 number of the enhanced MSC server producing the record. | +| Outgoing TKGP | O M | The trunk group on which the call left the MSC, if available | +| IMS Charging Identifier | O M | This parameter holds the IMS charging identifier (ICID) as generated by the enhanced MSC server with SIP interface. | +| Related ICID | O C | This parameter holds the IMS charging identifier (ICID) from the IMS call leg. | +| Location | M | Location of the UE after the successful SRVCC PS to CS Transfer. | +| Change of Location | O C | A list of changes in Location of the UE. Each time-stamped. | +| Basic service | M | teleservice emergency | +| MS Classmark | C | Classmark of MM Context for E-UTRAN SRVCC in PS to CS Request | +| Event time stamps: | C | Transfer request time: time of PS to CS Request received by enhanced MSC server. | +| | C | Answer: time of answer received by enhanced MSC server on successful transfer | +| | O M | Release time: time of traffic channel release | +| ICS I2 active Flag | C | This field indicates that the MSC is IMS registered on the UE's behalf during the session | +| Call duration | M | The chargeable duration of the connection for successful transferred call. | +| Cause for termination | M | The reason for the release of the CS media. | +| Diagnostics | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the CS media | +| Call reference | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions on the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Record extensions | O C | A set of network / manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Partial Record Type | O C | Indicates the event (time limit etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +#### 6.1.3.30 Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding call after successful Retrieval of Routeing Information (MTRF) handling in VMSC + +If the generation of these records is enabled then a MTRF record shall be created for each call re-routed from an original MSC to a destination MSC, resulting from Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding (MTRF) procedure. The MTRF records shall be produced in the MSC/VLR behaving as the Original MSC the call is re-routed from. + +**Table 6.1.3.30: MTRF record** + +| Field | 3G | Description | +|-----------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | Mobile Terminating Roaming Forwarding. | +| Served IMSI | M | IMSI of the called party. | +| Served IMEI | C | IMEI of the called ME, if available. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | The MSISDN of the called party. | +| Calling Number | C | The number of the calling party if available. | +| Roaming Number | M | The Mobile Station Roaming Number employed by the VMSC for routing to the new VMSC. | +| Recording Entity | M | The E.164 number of the VMSC (i.e Old VMSC the call is re-routed from) | +| Incoming TKGP | O M | The VMSC trunk group on which the call originated. | +| Outgoing TKGP | O C | The trunk group on which the call left the VMSC. | +| Basic Service | M | teleservice employed | +| Event time stamps: | C
C
O M | Seizure time: time of incoming trunk seizure
Answer time: time of answer for successful calls
Release time: time of outgoing trunk release | +| Call duration | M | The chargeable duration of the connection if successful, the holding time of the incoming trunk for call attempts if unsuccessful. | +| Cause for termination | M | The reason for the release of the call. | +| Diagnostics | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Call reference | M | A local identifier distinguishing between transactions at the same MS | +| Sequence no. | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Record extensions | O C | A set of network/ manufacturer specific extensions to the record, when available. | +| Partial Record Type | O C | Indicates the event (time limit, etc.) that caused the generation of a partial record. | + +## 6.2 Data description for CS domain online charging + +CS domain charging is implemented by CAMEL techniques as described in 3GPP TS 23.078 [67] and 3GPP TS 29.078 [73], i.e. it is outside the scope of the 3GPP 32-series charging TSs. + +### 6.2.1 Diameter message contents + +Void (refer to clause 6.2). + +# --- Annex A (informative): CDR File Transfer compliant with earlier 3GPP releases + +This group of TMN functions is concerned with the bulk transfer of call and event records from the NEF record filestore to the NEF. + +The call and event records shall be transferred from the NEF to the OSF by the use of FTAM protocol on X.25 or TCP/IP, and FTP or TFTP over TCP/IP. For further details of the use of FTAM see GSM 12.01 [405] and of the use of FTP see RFC 959 [400] and TFTP see [403]. + +In addition to the simple file transfer services provided by FTAM, peer-to-peer application process communication may be also be supported. The use of CMIS services for the uploading of files from the NEF to the OSF is specified in GSM 12.00 [406]. + +# Annex B (informative): Bibliography + +## a) The 3GPP charging specifications + +- 3GPP TS 32.251: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Packet Switched (PS) domain charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.252: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.260: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.270: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.271: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Location Services (LCS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.296: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; On-line Charging System (OCS) applications and interfaces". + +## b) other charging specifications + +- + +## c) Common 3GPP specifications + +- 3GPP TS 22.101: "Service aspects; Service principles". +- 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". +- 3GPP TS 27.001: "General on Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for Mobile Stations (MS)". + +## d) other Domain and Service specific 3GPP / ETSI specifications + +- 3GPP TS 23.009: "Handover procedures". +- 3GPP TS 23.040: "Technical realization of the Short Message Service (SMS)". +- 3GPP TS 24.080: "Mobile radio Layer 3 supplementary service specification; Formats and coding". +- 3GPP TS 49.031: "Location Services (LCS); Base Station System Application Part LCS Extension (BSSAP-LE)". +- 3GPP TS 29.002: "Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification". + +## e) Relevant ITU Recommendations + +- ITU-T Recommendation E.164: "The international public telecommunication numbering plan". +- ITU-T Recommendation Q.767: "Application of the ISDN user part of CCITT Signalling System No.7 for international ISDN interconnections". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.25: "Interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) for terminals operating in the packet mode and connected to public data networks by dedicated circuit". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.121: "International numbering plan for public data networks". +- GSM 12.00: "Network Management (NM); Part 1: Objectives and structure of network management". + +# --- Annex C (informative): Charging Support for Voice Call Continuity + +Voice Call Continuity is a home IMS application that provides capabilities to transfer voice calls between the CS domain and the IMS. VCC provides functions for voice call originations, voice call terminations and for Domain Transfers between the CS domain and the IMS. This feature is defined in 3GPP TS 23.206 [210]. + +The following principles apply to VMSC/GMSC that are capable of VCC: + +In case of CS Origination call with anchoring in the IMS, the Access Leg is charged as follows: Normal MOC CDR is generated by the VMSC with special handling. One example of special handling is to zero rate the CS resource usage. This can be performed using the "Service Key" parameter in the MOC Record indicating a VCC call. The CDRs generated within the IMS Domain to complete the anchoring mechanism are handled as specified in 3GPP TS 32.260 [55]. + +In case of IMS origination call, the Access Leg is charged as follows: Normal IMS and IP-CAN (e.g. WLAN or GSM/GPRS) charging mechanism are applied. These mechanisms are defined in 3GPP TS 32.260 [55] and IP-CAN Middle Tier TS respectively. + +In case of Incoming call received via CS and routed to IMS, the Remote Leg is charged as follows: Normal MTC CDRs are generated by the GMSC of the terminating network with special handling. One example of special handling is to zero rate the CS resource usage. This can be performed using the "Service Key" parameter in the MTC Records indicating a VCC call. The CDRs generated within the IMS Domain to complete the Domain selection procedure are handled as specified in 3GPP TS 32.260 [55]. + +In case of Incoming call received via CS and routed to CS with anchoring, the Remote Leg is charged as follows: Normal MTC CDRs are generated by the GMSC and the VMSC in the terminating network with special handling. One example of special handling is to zero rate the CS resource usage. This can be performed using the "Service Key" parameter in the MTC Records indicating a VCC call. The CDRs generated within the IMS Domain to complete the anchoring procedure are handled as specified in 3GPP TS 32.260 [55]. + +In case of Incoming call received via IMS and routed to IMS, the Remote Leg is charged as follows: Normal IMS and IP-CAN (e.g. WLAN or GSM/GPRS) charging mechanism are applied. These mechanisms are defined in 3GPP TS 32.260 [55] and IP-CAN Middle Tier TS respectively. + +In case of Incoming call received via IMS and routed to CS with anchoring, the Remote Leg is charged as follows: Normal MTC CDRs are generated by the GMSC or the VMSC in the terminating network with special handling. One example of special handling is to zero rate the CS resource usage. This can be performed using the "Service Key" parameter in the MTC Records indicating a VCC call. The CDRs generated within the IMS Domain to complete the domain selection procedure are handled as specified in 3GPP TS 32.260 [55]. + +In case of Domain Transfer from IMS to CS, the Access Leg is charged as follows: Normal MOC CDR is generated by the VMSC of the new Access Leg with special handling. One example of special handling is to zero rate the CS resource usage. This can be performed using the "Service Key" parameter in the MOC Record indicating a VCC call. The IMS CDRs generated to perform Domain Transfer are handled as specified in 3GPP TS 32.260 [55]. + +In case of Domain Transfer from CS to IMS, the Access Leg is charged as follows: The MOC CDRs of the Source-Access Leg (i.e. the Access leg previously established over CS) are closed when the Source Access Leg is released following normal CDR closure associated with CS call release. The IMS CDRs generated on the new access Leg are handled as specified in 3GPP TS 32.260 [55]. + +# Annex D (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------|--| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | | +| Mar 2007 | SA_35 | SP-070039 | 0010 | -- | Introduce CS charging implications of VCC | B | 6.6.0 | 7.0.0 | | +| Mar 2007 | SA_35 | SP-070043 | 0011 | -- | Add MCC MNC in Location/change of location field | B | 6.6.0 | 7.0.0 | | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | SP-070268 | 0013 | -- | Correction on MOC CDRs - Align with ITU ISUP Q.763 | A | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | | +| Sep 2009 | SA_45 | SP-090536 | 0014 | - | Correction to MO and MT SMS CDRs for SMS over SGs | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | - | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | | +| Mar 2010 | SA_47 | SP-100040 | 0016 | -- | Correction on System Type parameter | F | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | | +| Mar 2011 | SA_51 | SP-110108 | 0018 | 1 | Introduction of new CDRs for SRVCC feature in enhanced MSC server - Alignment with 3GPP TS 23.216 | F | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | | 9.2.0 | 10.0.0 | | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Correction of Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | | 10.0.0 | 10.0.1 | | +| 2011-06 | SA_52 | SP-110281 | 0020 | -- | Clarification on Mobile Originating Call Forwarding CDR generation when no O-CSI | F | 10.0.1 | 10.1.0 | | +| 2011-09 | SA_53 | SP-110530 | 0022 | 1 | Correction on MT-LR CDR - Alignment with TS 23.271 | F | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | | +| 2011-12 | SA_54 | SP-110709 | 0024 | 1 | Correction on MSC-SRVCC CDRs for Suppl services and location | A | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | | +| Mar 2012 | SA_55 | SP-120047 | 0028 | 1 | Correction for 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b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32272/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3ec3e823996307d1d6b4ae55b168ad22bd002a54 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32272/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1875 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 9 | +| 3.2 Symbols..... | 15 | +| 3.3 Abbreviations ..... | 17 | +| 4 Architecture considerations..... | 21 | +| 4.1 High level PoC architecture ..... | 21 | +| 4.1.1 PoC functional entities ..... | 22 | +| 4.1.1.1 PoC Client..... | 22 | +| 4.1.1.2 PoC Server ..... | 22 | +| 4.2 PoC offline charging architecture ..... | 25 | +| 4.3 PoC online charging architecture ..... | 25 | +| 5 PoC charging principles and scenarios ..... | 26 | +| 5.0 General ..... | 26 | +| 5.1 PoC charging principles ..... | 26 | +| 5.1.1 PoC session related charging..... | 26 | +| 5.1.2 PoC session unrelated charging..... | 28 | +| 5.1.3 Charging based on number of participants ..... | 28 | +| 5.2 PoC offline charging scenarios ..... | 29 | +| 5.2.0 General ..... | 29 | +| 5.2.1 Basic principles ..... | 29 | +| 5.2.2 Diameter message flows..... | 29 | +| 5.2.2.1 Message flows - Successful cases and scenarios ..... | 29 | +| 5.2.2.1.1 Successful PoC session establishment ..... | 29 | +| 5.2.2.1.2 PoC talk burst exchange..... | 30 | +| 5.2.2.1.3 Instant personal alert ..... | 30 | +| 5.2.2.1.4 Pre-established session set-up ..... | 31 | +| 5.2.2.1.5 Mid PoC session procedures ..... | 31 | +| 5.2.3 CDR generation ..... | 32 | +| 5.2.4 GTP' record transfer flows..... | 32 | +| 5.2.5 B T CDR file transfer ..... | 32 | +| 5.3 PoC online charging scenarios ..... | 32 | +| 5.3.1 Basic principles ..... | 32 | +| 5.3.2 Diameter message flows..... | 33 | +| 5.3.2.1 Successful PoC session establishment..... | 33 | +| 5.3.2.2 PoC talk burst exchange ..... | 33 | +| 5.3.2.3 Instant personal alert..... | 34 | +| 5.3.2.4 Early session set-up ..... | 35 | +| 5.3.2.5 Participant number based charging..... | 36 | +| 5.3.2.6 Participating type based charging..... | 37 | +| 6 Definition of charging information ..... | 39 | +| 6.1 Data description for PoC offline charging ..... | 39 | +| 6.1.0 General ..... | 39 | +| 6.1.1 Rf message contents ..... | 39 | +| 6.1.1.1 Summary of offline charging message formats ..... | 39 | +| 6.1.1.2 Structure for the Accounting message formats..... | 39 | +| 6.1.1.2.0 Introduction ..... | 39 | +| 6.1.1.2.1 ACR message..... | 40 | +| 6.1.1.2.2 ACA message..... | 41 | +| 6.1.2 GTP' message contents ..... | 41 | +| 6.1.3 CDR description on the B T interface..... | 41 | +| 6.1.3.1 CDR field types ..... | 41 | +| 6.1.3.2 CDR triggers ..... | 41 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 6.1.3.2.1 | PoC session related CDRs..... | 41 | +| 6.1.3.2.2 | Session unrelated CDRs..... | 42 | +| 6.1.3.3 | PoC CDR content..... | 43 | +| 6.1.3.3.1 | Participating PoC Function ..... | 43 | +| 6.1.3.3.2 | Controlling PoC Function ..... | 45 | +| 6.2 | Data description for PoC online charging..... | 47 | +| 6.2.0 | General ..... | 47 | +| 6.2.1 | Ro message contents..... | 47 | +| 6.2.1.1 | CCR message..... | 48 | +| 6.2.1.2 | CCA message..... | 49 | +| 6.3 | PoC charging specific parameters..... | 50 | +| 6.3.1 | Definition of the PoC charging information..... | 50 | +| 6.3.1.0 | General..... | 50 | +| 6.3.1.1 | PoC charging information assignment for Service Information ..... | 50 | +| 6.3.1.2 | Definition of the PoC Information..... | 51 | +| 6.3.2 | Formal parameter description..... | 52 | +| 6.3.2.1 | PoC charging information for CDRs ..... | 52 | +| 6.3.2.2 | PoC charging information for charging events..... | 52 | +| Annex A (informative): | Bibliography ..... | 53 | +| Annex B (informative): | Change history..... | 54 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of a series of Technical Specifications (TSs) that specify charging functionality and charging management in GSM/UMTS networks. The GSM/UMTS core network charging architecture and principles are specified in TS 32.240 [1], which provides an umbrella for other charging management TSs that specify: + +- the content of the CDRs per domain and subsystem (offline charging); +- the content of real-time charging messages per domain / subsystem (online charging); +- the functionality of online and offline charging for those domains and subsystems; + - the interfaces that are used in the charging framework to transfer the charging information (i.e. CDRs or charging events). + +The complete document structure for these TSs is defined in TS 32.240 [1]. + +The present document specifies the offline and online charging description for the "Push-to-Talk over Cellular" (PoC) service, based on the functional description of the PoC service in TR 23.979 "3GPP enablers for OMA PoC Services" [200], in OMA-AD-POC "Push to talk over Cellular (PoC) - Architecture" [203], in OMA-CP-POC "OMA PoC Control Plane" [204] and in OMA-UP-POC: "OMA POC User Plane" [205], respectively. This charging description includes the offline and online charging architecture and scenarios specific to PoC, as well as the mapping of the common 3GPP charging architecture specified in TS 32.240 [1] onto the PoC service. It further specifies the structure and content of the CDRs for offline charging, and the charging events for online charging. The present document is related to other 3GPP charging TSs as follows: + +- The common 3GPP charging architecture is specified in TS 32.240 [1]; +- The parameters, abstract syntax and encoding rules for the CDRs are specified in TS 32.298 [51]; +- A transaction based mechanism for the transfer of CDRs within the network is specified in TS 32.295 [54]; + - The file based mechanism used to transfer the CDRs from the network to the operator's billing domain (e.g. the billing system or a mediation device) is specified in TS 32.297 [52]; +- The 3GPP Diameter application that is used for PoC offline and online charging is specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +All terms, definitions and abbreviations used in the present document, that are common across 3GPP TSs, are defined in the 3GPP Vocabulary, TR 21.905 [100]. Those that are common across charging management in GSM/UMTS domains or subsystems are provided in the umbrella document TS 32.240 [1] and are copied into clause 3 of the present document for ease of reading. Finally, those items that are specific to the present document are defined exclusively in the present document. + +Furthermore, requirements that govern the charging work are specified in TS 22.115 [102]. + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.240: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging architecture and principles". +- [2]-[9] Void. +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.250: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Circuit Switched (CS) domain charging". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.251: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Packet Switched (PS) domain charging". +- [12]-[19] Void. +- [20] 3GPP TS 32.260: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) charging". +- [21]-[29] Void. +- [30] 3GPP TS 32.270: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) charging". +- [31]-[49] Void. +- [50] 3GPP TS 32.299: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Diameter charging application". +- [51] 3GPP TS 32.298: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) parameter description". +- [52] 3GPP TS 32.297: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) file format and transfer". +- [53] Void. +- [54] 3GPP TS 32.295: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) transfer". +- [55]-[62] Void. +- [63] 3GPP TS 25.305: "Stage 2 functional specification of User Equipment (UE) positioning in UTRAN". +- [64] 3GPP TS 43.059: "Functional stage 2 description of Location Services (LCS) in GERAN". +- [65]-[99] Void. +- [100] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP specifications". +- [101]-[199] Void. +- [200] 3GPP TR 23.979: "3GPP enablers for Open Mobile Alliance (OMA): Push-to-talk over Cellular (PoC) services; Stage 2". + +- [201] 3GPP TS 23.228: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Stage 2". +- [202] 3GPP TS 24.228: "Signalling flows for the IP multimedia call control based on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP); Stage 3". +- [203] OMA-AD-POC: "Push to talk over Cellular (PoC) - Architecture". +- [204] OMA-CP-POC: "OMA PoC Control Plane". +- [205] OMA-UP-POC: "OMA POC User Plane". +- [206] 3GPP TS 24.002: "GSM - UMTS Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) Access Reference Configuration". +- [206]-[402] Void. +- [403] IETF RFC 1350 (1992): "The TFTP Protocol (Revision 2)". +- [404] IETF RFC 3261(2002): "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol". +- [405] IETF RFC 3966 (2004): "The tel URI for Telephone Numbers". +- [406] ITU-T Recommendation Q.1001 + +# 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [50], TS 32.240 [1] and the following apply: + +**1-1 PoC session:** feature enabling a PoC user to establish a PoC session with another PoC user + +**2G- / 3G-:** prefixes 2G- and 3G- refers to functionality that supports only GSM or UMTS, respectively, e.g. 2G-SGSN refers only to the GSM functionality of an SGSN + +When the term/prefix is omitted, reference is made independently from the GSM or UMTS functionality. + +**ad-hoc PoC group session:** feature enabling a PoC user to establish a PoC session with multiple PoC users without first creating a PoC group. + +This sort of PoC session for multiple PoC users that does not involve the use or definition of a pre-arranged or chat PoC group session. + +**accounting:** process of apportioning charges between the Home Environment, Serving Network and Subscriber. + +**accounting meter record:** record containing one or more counters employed to register the usage of resources en masse. + +Includes simple event counters and/ or cumulative call second counters. + +**Advice of Charge (AoC):** real-time display of the network utilization charges incurred by the Mobile Station (MS). The charges are displayed in the form of charging units. If a unit price is stored by the MS then the display may also include the equivalent charge in the home currency. + +**AoC service:** combination of one or more services, both basic and supplementary, together with a number of other charging relevant parameters to define a customized service for the purpose of Advice of Charge (AoC) + +**application data:** information / data specific to an application other than the MMS User Agent / VASP which is intended to be transported without alteration by using MMS + +Application Data may be of any content type and format. + +**billing:** function whereby CDRs generated by the charging function are transformed into bills requiring payment. + +**Billing Domain (BD):** part of the operator network, which is outside the telecommunication network, that receives and processes CDR files from the core network charging functions. + +It includes functions that can provide billing mediation and billing or other (e.g. statistical) end applications. + +It is only applicable to offline charging (see "Online Charging System" for equivalent functionality in online charging). + +**CAMEL:** network feature that provides the mechanisms to support operator specific services even when roaming outside HPLMN. + +**CAMEL subscription information:** identifies a subscriber as having CAMEL services. + +**CDR field Categories:** CDR fields are defined in the present document. CDR fields may be operator provisionable and are divided into the following categories: + +- **Mandatory (M):** field that shall be present in the CDR. +- **Conditional (C):** field that shall be present in a CDR if certain conditions are met. +- **Operator Provisionable: Mandatory (OM):** field that, if provisioned by the operator, shall always be present in the CDR. +- **Operator Provisionable: Conditional (OC):** field that, if provisioned by the operator, shall be present in a CDR if certain conditions are met. + +**chargeable event:** activity utilizing telecommunications network infrastructure and related services for: + +- user to user communication (e.g. a single call, a data communication session or a short message); or +- user to network communication (e.g. service profile administration); or + +- inter-network communication (e.g. transferring calls, signalling, or short messages); or +- mobility (e.g. roaming or inter-system handover); and +- that the network operator may want to charge for. + +As a minimum, a chargeable event characterises the resource / service usage and indicates the identity of the involved end user(s). + +**charged party:** user involved in a chargeable event that has to pay parts or the whole charges of the chargeable event, or a third party paying the charges caused by one or all users involved in the chargeable event, or a network operator + +**charging:** function within the telecommunications network and the associated OCS/BD components whereby information related to a chargeable event is collected, formatted, transferred and evaluated in order to make it possible to determine usage for which the charged party may be billed (offline charging) or the subscribers account balance may be debited (online charging) + +**Charging Data Record (CDR):** formatted collection of information about a chargeable event (e.g. time of call set-up, duration of the call, amount of data transferred, etc.) for use in billing and accounting +For each party to be charged for parts of or all charges of the chargeable event(s) a separate CDR shall be generated, i.e. more than one CDR may be generated for a single chargeable event, e.g. because of its long duration, or because more than one charged party is to be charged. + +**charging destination:** also referred to as a destination for charging, this is a nominal reference defining the point of termination of a connection for charging purposes + +**charging event:** set of charging information forwarded by the CTF towards the CDF (offline charging) or towards the OCS (online charging) +Each charging event matches exactly one chargeable event. + +**charging function:** entity inside the core network domain, subsystem or service that is involved in charging for that domain, subsystem or service + +**charging origin:** nominal reference defining the point of origin of a connection for charging purposes + +**chat PoC group:** persistent group in which each member individually joins the PoC session, i.e. the establishment of a PoC session to a chat PoC group does not result in other members of the chat PoC group being invited + +**chat PoC group session:** PoC session established to a chat PoC group. + +In a chat PoC group, PoC subscribers shall be able to join and leave the chat PoC group session themselves. If the chat PoC group is restricted, then only group members shall be able to join. + +**circuit switched domain:** domain within GSM / UMTS in which information is transferred in circuit switched mode. + +**controlling PoC function:** function implemented in a PoC Server and provides centralized PoC session handling, which includes RTP media distribution, talk burst control, policy enforcement for participation in group sessions, and the participant information + +**credit control:** which directly interacts in real-time with an account and controls or monitors the charges, related to the service usage + +Credit control is a process of: checking if credit is available, credit reservation, deduction of credit from the end user account when service is completed and refunding of reserved credit not used. + +**delivery report:** feedback information provided to an originator MMS User Agent by an MMS R/S (MMS R/S) about the status of the delivery of an MM + +**domain:** part of a communication network that provides services using a certain technology + +**forwarded MM:** MM originally sent from a sender to an intended recipient which is then forwarded to other recipient(s) and to which a delivery report and/or read-reply report may refer and which may be subject to further forwarding + +**forwarding MMS User Agent:** MMS User Agent that is the intended recipient of an MM and that requests forwarding of the MM for delivery to other recipient(s) without having to first download the MM + +**Fully qualified Partial CDR (FQPC):** partial CDR that contains a complete set of the fields specified in TS 32.272. This includes all the mandatory and conditional fields as well as those fields that the PLMN operator has provisioned to be included in the CDR. The first Partial CDR shall be a Fully qualified Partial CDR. + +**GPRS:** packet switched bearer and radio services for GSM and UMTS systems. + +**GTP':** GPRS protocol used for CDR transport. + +It is derived from GTP with enhancements to improve transport reliability necessary for CDRs. + +NOTE: This protocol is not used for tunnelling. + +**GSM only:** qualifier indicating that this clause or paragraph applies only to a GSM system. + +For multi-system cases this is determined by the current serving radio access network. + +**in GSM,...**: qualifier indicating that this paragraph applies only to GSM System. + +**in UMTS,...**: qualifier indicating that this paragraph applies only to UMTS System. + +**Instant personal alert:** feature in which a PoC user sends a SIP based instant message to a PoC user requesting a 1-1 PoC session. + +**inter-system change:** change of radio access between different radio access technologies such as GSM and UMTS. + +**LCS Client:** software and/or hardware entity that interacts with a LCS Server for the purpose of obtaining location information for one or more Mobile Stations (MSs). + +LCS Clients subscribe to LCS in order to obtain location information. LCS Clients may or may not interact with human users. The LCS Client is responsible for formatting and presenting data and managing the user interface (dialogue). The LCS Client may reside in the Mobile Station (MS). + +**LCS Server:** software and/or hardware entity offering LCS capabilities. + +The LCS Server accepts requests, services requests, and sends back responses to the received requests. + +The LCS Server consists of LCS components, which are distributed to one or more PLMN and/or service provider. + +**Location Based Service (LBS):** service provided either by teleoperator or a 3rd party service provider that utilizes the available location information of the terminal. + +Location Application offers the User Interface for the service. LBS is either a pull or a push type of service (see Location Dependent Services and Location Independent Services). + +In ETSI/GSM documentation of SoLSA, LBS is called "Location Related Service". + +ETSI and/or 3GPP -wide terminology harmonization is expected here. + +**Location Estimate:** geographic location of an UE and/or a valid Mobile Equipment (ME), expressed in latitude and longitude data. + +The Location Estimate is represented in a well-defined universal format. Translation from this universal format to another geographic location system may be supported, although the details are considered outside the scope of the primitive services. + +**message ID:** unique identifier for an MM + +**middle tier TS:** term used for the 3GPP charging TSs that specify the domain / subsystem / service specific, online and offline, charging functionality. + +These are all the TSs in the numbering range from TS 32.250 to TS 32.27x, e.g. TS 32.250 [10] for the CS domain, or TS 32.270 [30] for the MMS service. + +Currently, there is only one "tier 1" TS in 3GPP, which is TS 32.240 [1] that specifies the charging architecture and principles. Finally, there are a number of top tier TSs in the 32.29x numbering range ([50] ff) that specify common charging aspects such as parameter definitions, encoding rules, the common billing domain interface or common charging applications. + +**MMSE:** collection of MMS-specific Elements under the control of a single administration. + +**MMS Relay/Server (MMS R/S):** MMS-specific network entity/application that is under the control of an MMS service provider. + +An **MMS R/S** transfers messages, provides operations of the MMS that are specific to or required by the mobile environment and provides (temporary and/or persistent) storage services to the MMS. + +**MMS User Agent:** application residing on a user equipment, an MS or an external device that performs MMS-specific operations on a user's behalf and/or on another application's behalf. An MMS User Agent is not considered part of an MMSE. + +**Multimedia Messaging Service Network Architecture (MMSNA):** encompasses all the various elements that provide a complete MMS to a user. + +**near real-time:** near real-time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than 1 minute. + +**observed IMEI ticket:** record used to describe an EIR relevant event e.g. a blacklisted IMEI. + +**offline charging:** charging mechanism where charging information **does not** affect, in real-time, the service rendered. + +**on-demand session:** an on-demand session is a PoC session set-up mechanism in which all media parameters are negotiated at PoC session establishment. + +**online charging:** charging mechanism where charging information can affect, in real-time, the service rendered and therefore a direct interaction of the charging mechanism with session/service control is required. + +**Online Charging System (OCS):** entity that performs real-time credit control. + +Its functionality includes transaction handling, rating, online correlation and management of subscriber account balances. + +**original MM:** (initial) MM sent from a sender to a recipient and to which a delivery report and/or a read-reply report and/or a reply-MM may refer and/or which may be subject to being forwarded. + +**originator MMS User Agent:** MMS User Agent associated with the sender of an MM. + +**packet switched domain:** domain within GSM and UMTS in which data is transferred in packet switched mode. It corresponds to the term "GPRS". + +**partial CDR:** CDR that provides charging information on part of a subscriber session. + +A long session may be covered by several partial CDRs. Two formats are considered for Partial CDRs. + +One that contains all of the necessary fields; the second has a reduced format. + +**participating PoC function:** function implemented in a PoC Server, and provides PoC session handling, which includes policy enforcement for incoming PoC sessions and relays talk burst control messages between the PoC Client and the PoC Server performing the controlling PoC function. + +The participating PoC function may also relay RTP media between the PoC Client and the PoC Server performing the controlling PoC function. + +**PoC Client:** PoC functional entity that resides on the PoC user equipment that supports the PoC service. + +**PoC group:** a PoC group is a predefined set of PoC users together with its attributes. A PoC group is identified by a SIP URI. + +**PoC group advertisement:** a PoC group advertisement is a feature that provides the capability to inform other PoC users of the existence of a PoC group. + +**PoC group identity:** the PoC group identity is a SIP URI of the pre-arranged PoC group or chat PoC group. + +**PoC Server:** implements the application level network functionality for the PoC service. + +A PoC Server may perform the role of the controlling PoC function or participating PoC function, or both at the same time. + +**PoC session:** the present document supports the following types of PoC sessions: 1-1 PoC session, ad-hoc PoC group session, pre-arranged PoC group session, or chat PoC group session. + +**PoC session identity:** SIP URI received by the PoC Client during the PoC session establishment in the contact header and/or in the Talk Burst Control Protocol (TBCP) connect message in case of using pre-established session. + +**PoC user:** user of the PoC service. + +**positioning method (/locating method):** method or technical solution, which is used to get an estimate of the target mobile's geographical location. + +EXAMPLE: Positioning methods based on radio cell coverage, GPS or Assisted GPS methods, which are based on the Time-Of-Arrival (TOA) algorithm, and OTDOA or E-OTD methods, which are based on the Time-Difference-Of-Arrival (TDOA) algorithm. The positioning methods are further described in UTRAN Stage 2 TS 25.305 [63] and GERAN Stage 2 TS 43.059 [64]. + +**pre-arranged PoC group session:** is a persistent PoC session Identity that has an associated set of PoC members. The establishment of a PoC session to a pre-arranged PoC group results in all members being invited. + +**pre-established session:** signalling exchange to negotiate media parameters between the PoC Client and the home PoC Server before establishing a PoC session. + +**PS based services:** in WLAN interworking, PS based service is a general term to refer to the services provided by a PLMN using IP bearer capability between WLAN UEs and the PLMN in scenario 3 and upwards. They include all services provided by 3G PS domain that use the IP bearer service, (e.g. IMS, Internet access, Corporate IP network access), and other services (e.g. SMS and LCS). + +**read-reply report:** feedback information to an originator MMS User Agent by a recipient MMS User Agent about the status of handling/rendering of an original MM in a recipient MMS User Agent. + +**real-time:** real-time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than 1 second. + +**recipient MMS User Agent:** MMS User Agent associated with the recipient of an MM. + +**Reduced Partial CDR (RPC):** partial CDRs that only provide mandatory fields and information regarding changes in the session parameters relative to the previous CDR. + +EXAMPLE: Location information is not repeated in these CDRs if the subscriber did not change its location. + +**reply-MM:** in case of reply-charging the first reply accepted by the recipient MMS R/S (after checking the reply charging limitations, such as the latest time of submission) is called a reply-MM. + +**Reporting Area:** Service Area for which an MS's location is reported. + +**RTP media:** RTP media is the media carried in an RTP payload. + +**Service Area:** defined in the same way as the Service Area according to ITU-T Recommendation Q.1001 [406]. In contrast to the PLMN area it is not based on the coverage of a PLMN. Instead it is based on the area in which a fixed network user can call a mobile user without knowing its location. For example, the Service Area can therefore change when the signalling system is being extended. + +**settlement:** payment of amounts resulting from the accounting process. + +**simultaneous PoC session:** When a PoC user is a participant in more than one PoC session simultaneously using the same PoC Client. + +**subscriber:** entity (associated with one or more users) that is engaged in a subscription with a service provider. The subscriber is allowed to subscribe and unsubscribe services, to register a user or a list of users authorized to enjoy these services, and also to set the limits relative to the use that associated users make of these services. + +**successful call:** connection that reaches the communication or data transfer phase e.g. the "answered" state for speech connections. + +All other connection attempts are regarded as unsuccessful. + +**talk burst:** media recording, transport and playback that occurs from the point the PoC Client has got the permission to send media until the permission is released. + +**Talk Burst Control Protocol (TBCP):** is a protocol for performing talk burst control, as defined in OMA-UP-POC: "OMA POC User Plane" [205]. + +**target UE:** UE being positioned. + +**tariff period:** part of one (calendar) day during which a particular tariff is applied. Defined by the time at which the period commences (the switch-over time) and the tariff to be applied after switch-over. + +**tariff:** set of parameters defining the network utilisation charges for the use of a particular bearer / session / service + +**UMTS only:** qualifier indicating that this clause or paragraph applies only to a UMTS system. For multi-system cases this is determined by the current serving radio access network. + +**user:** entity that is not part of the 3GPP system, which uses network resources by means of a subscription. The user may or may not be identical to the subscriber holding that subscription. + +**User Equipment (UE):** device allowing a user access to network services. + +For the purpose of 3GPP specifications the interface between the UE and the network is the radio interface. + +An UE can be subdivided into a number of domains, the domains being separated by reference points. Currently defined domains are the USIM and ME Domains. The ME Domain can further be subdivided into several components showing the connectivity between multiple functional groups. These groups can be implemented in one or more hardware devices. An example of such a connectivity is the TE - MT interface. Further, an occurrence of a User Equipment is an MS for GSM as defined in GSM 04.02 [206]. + +**WLAN-attach status:** indicates whether a UE is WLAN-attached or not. + +A WLAN UE is "WLAN-attached" after successful authentication and WLAN Access Authorization. + +A WLAN UE is "WLAN-detached" after its disconnection, or its authentication or WLAN access authorization being cancelled. + +## 3.2 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +| | | +|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| A | Interface between an MSC and a BSC | +| Bc | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the Circuit Switched CGF to the BD | +| Bi | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the IMS CGF to the BD | +| Bl | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the GMLC CGF to the BD | +| Bm | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the MMS CGF to the BD | +| Bmb | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the MBMS CGF to the BD | +| Bo | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the OCF CGF to the BD | +| Bp | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the Packet Switched CGF to the BD | +| Bs | Reference point for the CDR file transfer for CAMEL services to the BD, i.e. from the SCF CGF to the BD | +| Bt | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the PoC CGF to the BD | +| Bw | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the WLAN CGF to the BD | +| Bx | Reference point for CDR file transfer between any (generic) 3G domain, subsystem or service CGF and the BD | +| C | Interface between a HLR and a SMSC | +| CAP | Reference point for CAMEL between a network element with integrated SSF and the OCS | +| Ci | Charging trigger in combined MMS R/S | +| D | Interface between a MSC and a HLR | +| D' | Reference point between an MSCa pre-R6 HSS/HLR and a BSC.3GPP AAA Server | +| Dw | Reference point between a 3GPP AAA Server and an SLF | +| E | Interface between a MSC and a SMSC | +| Ga | Reference point for CDR transfer between a CDF and the CGF | +| Gb | Interface between an SGSN and a BSC | +| Gc | Interface between an GGSN and an HLR | +| Gd | Interface between an SMS-GMSC and an SGSN, and between a SMS-IWMSC and an SGSN | +| Ge | Interface between a SGSN and a CAMEL GSM SCF | +| Gf | Interface between an SGSN and an EIR | +| Gi | Interface between the Packet-Switched domain and an external packet data network | +| Gm | Reference point between the UE and an P-CSCF | +| Gn | Interface between two GSNs within the same PLMN | +| Gp | Interface between two GSNs in different PLMNs | +| Gr | Interface between an SGSN and an HLR | +| Gr' | Reference point between a pre-R6 HSS/HLR and a 3GPP AAA Server | +| Gs | Interface between an SGSN and an MSC/VLR | +| Gx | Reference point between a CRF and a TPF | +| Gy | Online charging reference point between a TPF and an OCS | +| Gz | Offline charging reference point between a TPF and a CDF | +| Iu | Interface between the RNS and the core network | +| kbit/s | kilobits per second. $1 \text{ kbit/s} = 2^{10} \text{ bits per second}$ | +| Lr | Interface between Gateway MLCs | +| Mbit/s | Megabits per second. $1 \text{ Mbit/s} = 2^{20} \text{ bits per second}$ | +| Mc | Interface between the MGW and (G)MSC server | +| Mi | Charging trigger in MMS R/S for MMBox Management | +| MM1 | Reference point between the MMS User Agent and the MMS R/S | +| MM2 | Reference point between the MMS Relay and the MMS Server | +| MM3 | Reference point between the MMS R/S and external (legacy) messaging systems | +| MM4 | Reference point between the MMS R/S and another MMS R/S that is within another MMSE | +| MM5 | Reference point between the MMS R/S and the Home Location Register (HLR) | +| MM6 | Reference point between the MMS R/S and the MMS User Databases | +| MM7 | Reference point between the MMS R/S and MMS VAS Applications | +| MM8 | Reference point between the MMS R/S and the post-processing system | +| MM9 | Reference point between the MMS R/S and the online charging system | +| MM10 | Reference point between the MMS R/S and a MSCF | +| Mw | Reference point between one CSCF and another CSCF | +| Oi | Charging trigger in Originator MMS R/S | +| R | Reference point between a non-ISDN compatible TE and MT. Typically this reference point supports a standard serial interface. | + +| | | +|----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Rf | Offline charging reference point between a xxx <the network node(s) that are subject of this charging TS > and the CDF. | +| Ri | Charging trigger in Recipient MMS R/S | +| Ro | Online charging reference point between a xxx <the network node(s) that are subject of this charging TS > and the OCS | +| Rx | Reference point between the CRF and an AF | +| Um | Interface between the Mobile Station (MS) and the GSM fixed network part | +| Ut | Reference point between the UE and an GLMS | +| Uu | Interface between the Mobile Station (MS) and the UMTS fixed network part | +| Wa | Reference point between a WLAN Access Network and a 3GPP AAA Server/Proxy (charging and control signalling) | +| Wd | Reference point between a 3GPP AAA Proxy and a 3GPP AAA Server (charging and control signalling) | +| Wf | Offline charging reference point between a 3GPP interworking WLAN and the CDF (functionally equivalent to Rf) | +| Wg | Reference point between a 3GPP AAA Server/Proxy and WAG | +| Wi | Reference point between a Packet Data Gateway and an external IP Network | +| Wm | Reference point between a Packet Data Gateway and a 3GPP AAA Server or 3GPP AAA proxy | +| Wn | Reference point between a WLAN Access Network and a WLAN Access Gateway | +| Wp | Reference point between a WLAN Access Gateway and a Packet Data Gateway | +| Wo | Online charging reference point between a 3GPP interworking WLAN and the OCS (functionally equivalent to Ro) | +| Wu | Reference point between a WLAN UE and a Packet Data Gateway | +| Wx | Reference point between an HSS and a 3GPP AAA Server | + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations defined in TR 21.905 [50], TS 32.240 [1] and the following apply: + +| | | +|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ABNF | Augmented Backus-Naur Form | +| ACA | ACcounting Answer | +| ACR | ACcounting Request | +| APN | Access Point Name | +| AF | Application Function | +| AMF | Account balance Management Function | +| AoC | Advice of Charge | +| APN | Access Point Name | +| AS | Application Server | +| AVP | Attribute Value Pair | +| B2BUA | Back-to-Back User Agent | +| BCF | Bearer Charging Function | +| BCSM | Basic Call State Model | +| BD | Billing Domain | +| BGCF | Breakout Gateway Control Function | +| BM-SC | Broadcast Multicast - Service Centre | +| BS | Billing System | +| BSC | Base Station Controller | +| BSS | Base Station Subsystem | +| BTS | Base Transceiver Station | +| CAI | Charge Advice Information | +| CAMEL | Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic | +| CAP | CAMEL Application Part | +| CCA | Credit Control Answer | +| CCF | Charging Collection Function | +| CCR | Credit Control Request | +| CDF | Charging Data Function | +| CDR | Charging Data Record | +| CG | Charging Gateway | +| CGF | Charging Gateway Function | +| CI | Cell Identity | +| CRF | Charging Rules Function | +| CS | Circuit Switched | +| CSCF | Call Session Control Function (I-Interrogating; P-Proxy and S-Serving) | +| CSE | CAMEL Service Environment | +| CTF | Charging Trigger Function | +| DCCA | Diameter Credit Control Applications | +| DP | Detection Point | +| DRP | Data Record Packet | +| EBCF | Event Based Charging Function | +| ECUR | Event Charging with Unit Reservation | +| EDP | Event Detection Point | +| EIR | Equipment Identity Register | +| EM | Element Management | +| EMS-Digits | North American Emergency Service Routing - Digits | +| EMS-Key | North American Emergency Service Routing - Key | +| FCI | Furnish Charging Information | +| FQPC | Fully Qualified Partial CDR | +| FTAM | File Transfer, Access and Management | +| GERAN | GSM EDGE Radio Access Network | +| GGSN | Gateway GPRS Support Node | +| GMLC | Gateway MLC | +| GMSC | Gateway MSC | +| GPRS | General Packet Radio Service | +| gsmSCF | GSM Service Control Function | +| gsmSSF | GSM Service Switching Function | + +| | | +|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communication | +| GSN | GPRS Support Node (either SGSN or GGSN) | +| GTP | GPRS Tunnelling Protocol | +| GTP' | The GPRS protocol used for CDR transport. It is derived from GTP with enhancements to improve transport reliability necessary for CDRs. | +| G-CDR | GGSN (PDP context) generated - CDR | +| HLR | Home Location Register | +| HPLMN | Home PLMN | +| HSCSD | High Speed Circuit Switched Data | +| HSS | Home Subscriber Server | +| H-GMLC | Home - GMLC | +| IANA | Internet Assigned Numbers Authority | +| IE | Information Element | +| IEC | Immediate Event Charging | +| IHOSS:OSP | Internet Hosted Octet Stream Service: Octet Stream Protocol | +| IMEI | International Mobile Equipment Identity | +| IMS | IP Multimedia Subsystem | +| IMSI | International Mobile Subscriber Identity | +| IMS-GWF | IMS - GateWay Function | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPv4 | Internet Protocol version 4 | +| IPv6 | Internet Protocol version 6 | +| ISC | IMS Service Control | +| ISDN | Integrated Services Digital Network | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunications standardization sector | +| JIP | Jurisdiction Information Parameter | +| LAC | Location Area Code | +| LAN | Local Area Network | +| LCS | LoCation Service | +| LR | Location Request | +| LRN | Location Routing Number | +| MAP | Mobile Application Part | +| MBMS | Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service | +| MCC | Mobile Country Code (part of IMSI) | +| ME | Mobile Equipment | +| MGCF | Media Gateway Control Function | +| MGW | Media GateWay | +| MIME | Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions | +| MLC | Mobile Location Center | +| MMI | Man-Machine Interface | +| MMS | Multimedia Messaging Service | +| MMSE | Multimedia Messaging Service Environment | +| MMSNA | Multimedia Messaging Service Network Architecture | +| MMSO | Multimedia Messaging Service Originator | +| MMSR | Multimedia Messaging Service Recipient | +| MMS R/S | Multimedia Messaging Relay/Server | +| MNC | Mobile Network Code (part of IMSI) | +| MO | Mobile Originated | +| MOC | Mobile Originated Call (attempt) | +| MO-LR | Mobile Originated Location Request | +| MRF | Media Resource Function | +| MRFC | MRF Controller | +| MRFP | Multimedia Resource Function Processor | +| MS | Mobile Station | +| MSC | Mobile Switching Centre | +| MSCF | Messaging Service Control Function | +| MSISDN | Mobile Station ISDN number | +| MSRN | Mobile Station Roaming Number | +| MT | Mobile Terminated | +| MTC | Mobile Terminated Call (attempt) | +| MT-LR | Mobile Terminated - Location Request | +| M-CDR | Mobility management generated - Charging Data Record | + +| | | +|-----------|------------------------------------------------------| +| NAR | North America Region | +| NA-ESRD | North American - Emergency Service Routing Digits | +| NA-ESRK | North American - Emergency Service Routing Key | +| NE | Network Element | +| NI | Network Identifier (part of the APN) | +| NI-LR | Network Induced - Location Request | +| NP | Number Portability | +| NPDB | Number Portability Data Base | +| OCF | Online Charging Function | +| OCS | Online Charging System | +| OI | Operator Identifier (part of the APN) | +| O-CSI | Originating - CAMEL Subscription Information | +| PDN | Packet Data Network | +| PDP | Packet Data Protocol (e.g. IP) | +| PDU | Packet Data Unit | +| PLMN | Public Land Mobile Network | +| PMD | Pseudonym Mediation Device functionality | +| PoC | Push-to-talk over Cellular | +| PPP | Point-to-Point Protocol | +| PPR | Privacy Profile Register | +| PS | Packet-Switched | +| PSPDN | Packet-Switched Public Data Network | +| PSTN | Public Switched Telephony Network | +| PT | Protocol Type (Field in GTP' header) | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RAB | Radio Access Bearer | +| RAC | Routing Area Code | +| RAN | Radio Access Network | +| RF | Rating Function | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| RNS | Radio Network Subsystem | +| RPC | Reduced Partial CDR | +| RTP | Real Time Protocol | +| R-GMLC | Requesting - GMLC | +| SAC | Service Area Code | +| SBCF | Session Based Charging Function | +| SCCP | Signalling Connection Control Part | +| SCUR | Session Charging with Unit Reservation | +| SDP | Session Description Protocol | +| SCF | Service Control Function | +| SCI | Subscriber Controlled Input | +| SCI | Send Charging Information | +| SGSN | Serving GPRS Support Node | +| SIM | Subscriber Identity Module | +| SIP | Session Initiation Protocol | +| SMS | Short Message Service | +| SSF | Service Switching Function | +| SS7 | Signalling System No. 7 | +| SCCP | Signalling Connection Control Part | +| S-CDR | SGSN (PDP context) generated - CDR | +| S-SMO-CDR | SGSN delivered Short message Mobile Originated - CDR | +| S-SMT-CDR | SGSN delivered Short message Mobile Terminated - CDR | +| TAP | Transferred Account Procedure | +| TBCP | Talk Burst Control Protocol | +| TDP | Trigger Detection Point | +| TID | Tunnel Identifier | +| TLV | Type, Length, Value (GTP header format) | +| TPF | Traffic Plane Function | +| TR | Technical Report | +| TS | Technical Specification | +| TV | Type, Value | +| T-CSI | Terminating - CAMEL Subscription Information | + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------| +| UA | User Agent | +| UE | User Equipment | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| URA | UTRAN Registration Area | +| USIM | User Service Identity Module | +| USSD | Unstructured Supplementary Service Data | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| VAS | Value Added Service | +| VASP | Value Added Service Provider | +| VLR | Visitor Location Register | +| VMSC | Visited MSC | +| VPLMN | Visited PLMN | +| VT-CSI | Visited Terminating CAMEL Subscription Information | +| V-GMLC | Visited GMLC | +| WLAN | Wireless LAN | +| XDMS | XML Document Management Server | +| XML | Extensible Mark-up Language | + +# 4 Architecture considerations + +## 4.1 High level PoC architecture + +Figure 4.1.1 depicts the PoC reference architecture, as described in TR 23.979 [200]. + +![Diagram of PoC service elements in the IMS architecture. The diagram shows a UE connected to a P-CSCF via a Gm interface. The P-CSCF is part of the IMS core and is connected to an S-CSCF via an Mw interface. The S-CSCF is connected to a PoC Server via an ISC interface. The PoC Server is connected to an XDMS via a Ut interface. The XDMS is connected to the UE via a Ut interface. The Presence Server is connected to the S-CSCF via an ISC interface. The IMS core is represented by an oval containing the P-CSCF and S-CSCF. The PoC Server and XDMS are enclosed in a dashed box.](4cc7cdce3d498d8b0ba033a9be24ade5_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD + UE[UE] -- Gm --> P-CSCF[P-CSCF] + P-CSCF -- Mw --> S-CSCF[S-CSCF] + S-CSCF -- ISC --> PoC Server[PoC Server] + PoC Server -- Ut --> XDMS[XDMS] + XDMS -- Ut --> UE + S-CSCF -- ISC --> Presence Server[Presence Server] + subgraph IMS_core [IMS core] + P-CSCF + S-CSCF + end + subgraph PoC_Elements [ ] + XDMS + PoC Server + end + style PoC_Elements fill:none,stroke-dasharray: 5 5 +``` + +Diagram of PoC service elements in the IMS architecture. The diagram shows a UE connected to a P-CSCF via a Gm interface. The P-CSCF is part of the IMS core and is connected to an S-CSCF via an Mw interface. The S-CSCF is connected to a PoC Server via an ISC interface. The PoC Server is connected to an XDMS via a Ut interface. The XDMS is connected to the UE via a Ut interface. The Presence Server is connected to the S-CSCF via an ISC interface. The IMS core is represented by an oval containing the P-CSCF and S-CSCF. The PoC Server and XDMS are enclosed in a dashed box. + +**Figure 4.1.1: PoC service elements in the IMS architecture** + +NOTE: The I-CSCF and HSS are not shown in figure 4.1.1 for the sake of simplicity. + +The OMA-AD-POC [203] leverages IMS as the underlying SIP-based IP-core network. The PoC Server implementing the application level network functionality for the PoC service is essentially seen as an Application Server (AS) from the IMS perspective. Consequently, communications between the IMS core and the PoC Server utilize the ISC interface defined in TS 23.228 [201]. + +The XML Document Management Server (XDMS) is used by the PoC users to manage groups and lists (e.g. contact and access lists) that are needed for the PoC service. In the IMS architecture, the Ut interface provides these functions, hence communications between the XDMS and the UE (PoC Client) utilize the Ut interface. The XDMS is seen as a separate AS that could be also connected to other entities in addition to PoC Server (e.g. to Presence Server). + +As described in the following clauses only the PoC Server is relevant for charging. + +**Editor's note: The figure may be replaced by an OMA version.** + +### 4.1.1 PoC functional entities + +In the next two subclauses the PoC functional entities, PoC Client and PoC Server are presented as described in OMA-AD-POC [203]. Also different roles of the PoC Server that impact the PoC charging architecture are described. + +#### 4.1.1.1 PoC Client + +The PoC Client resides on the mobile terminal and is used to access PoC service. In figure 4.1.1.2.1, the UE is acting as a PoC Client. + +#### 4.1.1.2 PoC Server + +The PoC Server implements the application level network functionality for the PoC service. + +The PoC Server may perform a controlling PoC function or participating PoC function. The controlling PoC function and participating PoC function are different roles of the PoC Server. The figures in this clause show the flow of signalling traffic and media and media-related signalling traffic between controlling PoC function and participating PoC function in various configurations. + +Unless otherwise mentioned, the traffic flows shown in each figure apply to both signalling traffic and media and media-related signalling traffic in that configuration. + +Figure 4.1.1.2.1 shows the distribution of the functionality during a 1-1 PoC session in a single network. + +A PoC Server may perform both a controlling PoC function and a participating PoC function at the same time. + +![Diagram illustrating the relationship between controlling PoC function, participating PoC functions, and PoC Clients for a 1-1 PoC session in a single network. The diagram shows a 'Controlling PoC Function' and 'Participating PoC Function A' enclosed in a dashed box. 'Controlling PoC Function' is connected to 'Participating PoC Function A' via a 1:1 bidirectional arrow. 'Participating PoC Function A' is connected to 'POC Client A' via a 1:1 bidirectional arrow. 'Controlling PoC Function' is also connected to 'Participating PoC Function B' via a 1:1 bidirectional arrow. 'Participating PoC Function B' is connected to 'POC Client B' via a 1:1 bidirectional arrow.](8ed7f57cc317f6574bec781d01ae6ad2_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph DashedBox [ ] + direction LR + C[Controlling PoC Function] <-->|1:1| P[Participating PoC Function A] + end + P <-->|1:1| CA[POC Client A] + C <-->|1:1| PB[Participating PoC Function B] + PB <-->|1:1| CB[POC Client B] + style DashedBox fill:none,stroke-dasharray: 5 5 + +``` + +Diagram illustrating the relationship between controlling PoC function, participating PoC functions, and PoC Clients for a 1-1 PoC session in a single network. The diagram shows a 'Controlling PoC Function' and 'Participating PoC Function A' enclosed in a dashed box. 'Controlling PoC Function' is connected to 'Participating PoC Function A' via a 1:1 bidirectional arrow. 'Participating PoC Function A' is connected to 'POC Client A' via a 1:1 bidirectional arrow. 'Controlling PoC Function' is also connected to 'Participating PoC Function B' via a 1:1 bidirectional arrow. 'Participating PoC Function B' is connected to 'POC Client B' via a 1:1 bidirectional arrow. + +**Figure 4.1.1.2.1: Relationship between controlling PoC function, participating PoC functions and the PoC Clients for 1-1 PoC session in a single network** + +The determination of the PoC Server role (controlling PoC function and participating PoC function) takes place during the PoC session set-up and lasts for the duration of the whole PoC session. + +In case of 1-1 PoC session and ad-hoc PoC group session the PoC Server of the inviting user shall perform the controlling PoC function. I + +n case of the chat PoC group and pre-arranged group session the PoC Server owning/hosting the group identity shall perform the controlling PoC function. + +![Diagram showing the relationship between PoC functions and clients across two networks, Network A and Network B.](eb03559a4d92ea9ebd63ea9be663c50a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a PoC session across two networks, Network A and Network B. In Network A, a 'Controlling POC Function' and a 'Participating POC Function A' are enclosed in a dashed box. They are connected by a bidirectional arrow labeled '1:1'. 'Participating POC Function A' is connected to 'POC Client A' by another bidirectional arrow labeled '1:1'. In Network B, a 'Participating POC Function B' is connected to 'POC Client B' by a bidirectional arrow labeled '1:1'. A vertical bidirectional arrow labeled '1:1' connects the 'Controlling POC Function' in Network A to 'Participating POC Function B' in Network B. + +Diagram showing the relationship between PoC functions and clients across two networks, Network A and Network B. + +**Figure 4.1.1.2.2: Relationship between the controlling PoC function, participating PoC function and PoC Clients for 1-1 PoC session in a multiple network** + +In a PoC session there shall be only one PoC Server performing the controlling PoC function. + +There can be one or more PoC Servers performing the participating PoC function in the PoC session. + +Figure 4.1.1.2.2 shows the distribution of the functionality during a 1-1 PoC session in a multiple network environment. + +The PoC Server performing the controlling PoC function has $N$ number of SIP sessions and media and talk burst control communication paths in one PoC session, where $N$ is number of participants in the PoC session. + +The PoC Server performing the PoC controlling function has no direct communication to the PoC Client for PoC session signalling, but interacts with the PoC Client via the PoC Server performing the participating functioning for the PoC Client. + +The PoC Server performing the controlling PoC function normally also routes the media and media-related signalling such as talk burst arbitration to the PoC Client via the PoC Server performing the participating functioning for the PoC Client. However, local policy in the PoC Server performing the participating PoC function may allow the PoC Server performing the controlling PoC function to have a direct communication path for media and media-related signalling to each PoC Client. + +Figure 4.1.1.2.3 shows the signalling and media paths in this configuration for a controlling PoC function, participating PoC function and PoC Client served in the same network. + +A PoC Server performing the participating PoC function has always a direct communication path with a PoC Client and a direct communication path with the PoC Server performing the controlling PoC function for PoC session signalling. + +![Diagram of Network A showing direct media flow between Controlling POC Function and POC Client A via Participating POC Function A.](ae53f90bb87d6d09e2d6b5278d7c338f_img.jpg) + +The diagram, titled 'Network A', shows three main components: 'Controlling POC Function', 'Participating POC Function A', and 'POC Client A'. A double-headed arrow labeled '1:1' connects the Controlling POC Function and Participating POC Function A. A double-headed arrow labeled '1:1' and 'Signalling' connects the Participating POC Function A and POC Client A. A long double-headed arrow labeled '1:1' and 'Media+Media-related signalling' connects the Controlling POC Function directly to POC Client A, bypassing the Participating POC Function A. + +Diagram of Network A showing direct media flow between Controlling POC Function and POC Client A via Participating POC Function A. + +**Figure 4.1.1.2.3: Direct media flow between controlling PoC function and PoC Client** + +Figure 4.1.1.2.4 depicts the relation between the controlling PoC function, participating PoC function and the PoC Client in multiple network environment for a PoC group session. + +![Diagram showing relationships across Network X, Network A, and Network B for a PoC group session.](171115f072e42b379238ed0dd438e9d7_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a PoC group session across three networks: Network X, Network A, and Network B. In Network X, there is a 'Controlling POC Function'. In Network A, there is a 'Participating POC Function A' and a 'POC Client A'. In Network B, there is a 'Participating POC Function B' and a 'POC Client B'. A double-headed arrow labeled '1:N' connects the Controlling POC Function in Network X to the Participating POC Function A in Network A. A double-headed arrow labeled '1:1' connects the Participating POC Function A in Network A to the POC Client A in Network A. A long double-headed arrow labeled '1:M' connects the Controlling POC Function in Network X to the Participating POC Function B in Network B. A double-headed arrow labeled '1:1' connects the Participating POC Function B in Network B to the POC Client B in Network B. + +Diagram showing relationships across Network X, Network A, and Network B for a PoC group session. + +**Figure 4.1.1.2.4: Relationship between the controlling PoC function, participating PoC function and PoC Clients for PoC group session** + +## 4.2 PoC offline charging architecture + +Figure 4.2 depicts the PoC offline charging architecture, as described in TR 23.979 [200]. + +![Diagram of PoC offline charging architecture](a0739aaf13fa5a632d4faa830f6b2708_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the PoC offline charging architecture. At the top is a box labeled 'Billing Domain'. Below it, a box labeled 'CGF' is connected to the Billing Domain via an interface labeled 'BT'. To the left of the CGF is a box labeled 'CDF', connected to the CGF via an interface labeled 'Ga'. To the left of the CDF is a dashed box containing two components: 'XDMS' and 'PoC Server', which are connected to each other. The PoC Server is connected to the CDF via an interface labeled 'Rf'. Below the PoC Server is a box labeled 'S-CSCF', connected to the PoC Server via an interface labeled 'ISC'. + +Diagram of PoC offline charging architecture + +**Figure 4.2: Charging architecture for PoC offline charging** + +As described in TS 32.240 [1], the PoC Server contains an integrated CTF that generates charging events and forwards them to the CDF. The CDF, in turn, generates CDRs which are then transferred to the CGF. Finally, the CGF creates CDR files and forwards them to the Billing Domain (BD). The possible mapping onto physical components and interfaces for the charging functions is described in TS 32.240 [1]. + +## 4.3 PoC online charging architecture + +Figure 4.3 depicts the PoC online charging architecture, as described in TR 23.979 [200]. + +![Diagram of PoC online charging architecture](dd380ccd5aca1151074fede04826f1a4_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the PoC online charging architecture. At the top is a box labeled 'Online Charging System'. Below it, a dashed box contains two components: 'XDMS' and 'PoC Server', which are connected to each other. The Online Charging System is connected to the PoC Server via an interface labeled 'Ro'. Below the PoC Server is a box labeled 'S-CSCF', connected to the PoC Server via an interface labeled 'ISC'. + +Diagram of PoC online charging architecture + +**Figure 4.3: Charging architecture for PoC online charging** + +When PoC Server fulfils the controlling PoC function, then it provides centralized charging reports. When it fulfils the participant PoC function, then it provides the participant charging reports. For online charging, the PoC Server uses the Ro interface and application towards the OCS as specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +The OCS considers and treats controlling PoC Server online charging reports and participant PoC Server online charging reports as independent reports (independent events if IEC is used or independent sessions if charging is SCUR based). + +# 5 PoC charging principles and scenarios + +## 5.0 General + +PoC charging architecture support service based charging. If there is a support required for traffic based charging than the FBC should be used refer TS 32.251 [11]. + +**Editor's note:** The investigation on subscription based charging is needed. + +## 5.1 PoC charging principles + +### 5.1.1 PoC session related charging + +PoC allows users to satisfy real time, half-duplex speech communication in a simple and easy way. + +A PoC subscriber may either join an existing PoC session or may create a PoC session spontaneously. + +A PoC participant, who wants to speak, typically initiates a PoC session on its terminal and starts to speak. + +Other participants of the PoC group session simultaneously listen to the speaker's voice. + +The charged parties may be any of the PoC participants, depending on the role he is taking. These roles are: + +- PoC session owner; +- PoC participant. + +The charging of the PoC session owner is measured by the controlling PoC function. Note that PoC session owner does not have to participate in a specific PoC session (e.g. pre-arranged PoC group session). It provides centralized charging reports. In the PoC architecture the participating PoC function measures and sends charging reports to the charging system for the charging of the participant. + +Charging should be done according the following types of PoC sessions according OMA-AD-POC [203]: + +- 1-1 PoC session; +- PoC group session: + - ad-hoc PoC group session; + - pre-arranged PoC group session; + - chat PoC group session. + +**Editor's note:** The use of PoC communication methods (single participant in a 1-1 PoC session, PoC group in a 1-many session or in a 1-many-1 session.) is FFS. + +There are two mechanisms for PoC session establishment signalling supporting as described in OMA-AD-POC [203]: + +- on-demand sessions, +- pre-established sessions. + +An 1-1 PoC session along with PoC group session can be established on-demand or within a pre-established session. Charging should distinguish both scenarios. + +PoC user can participate in PoC session in three types according to OMA-AD-POC [203]: + +- Normal; +- NW PoC Box; +- UE PoC Box. + +Charging should distinguish the three scenarios above for support of traffic based charging. + +The charging of the PoC participant and/or PoC session owner can be done: + +#### - **for the following services:** + +1. PoC session participation (per time period independent of usage). +2. Talk burst sending: Amount of talk bursts sent by the participant. Amount of talk bursts shall be measured as a number of talk bursts and/or as a duration and/or volume of talk bursts. + +When talk burst sending is charged as a number of talk bursts, only the TBCP talk burst granted message (in response to TBCP talk burst request message) received in PoC Client should be taken into account. Note that TBCP talk burst granted message could be lost. In this case, timer T11 expires in PoC Client and it sends a TBCP talk burst request message again OMA-UP-POC: "OMA POC User Plane" [205]. Therefore, several TBCP talk burst granted message could be unsuccessfully sent and they should not be charged. To fulfil this aim, PoC Server shall meter one talk burst: + +- when it receives the first RTP media packet for this talk burst, or + - when it receives the TBCP talk burst release message, independently if the PoC Client sent RTP media toward the PoC Server when PoC Client had the floor. +3. Talk burst receiving: Amount of talk bursts received by the participant. Amount of talk bursts shall be measured as a number of talk bursts and/or as a duration and/or volume of talk bursts. + +**Editor's note:** Sent/Received talk burst may be independent of the talk burst control protocol messages, means the successful or unsuccessful delivery. + +**Editor's note:** The interruption of the PoC session with "media put on hold/off hold" is FFS. + +#### - **for the following rating parameters:** + +1. PoC session type as defined above; +2. number, type or list(s) of participants/talk burst receivers (see clause 5.1.3); +3. identity of the serving network (e.g. SGSN PLMN identifier for the charged party); +4. date and time of PoC service usage. + +Session related PoC charging is SCUR based. Hence, number of "Right-to-Speak" and talk burst exchange shall be charged by SCUR and the metering will be performed in the PoC Server. This is an important efficiency improvement since event based talk burst charging would imply the need to generate events or CDRs for each talk burst potentially for each charged party. + +The PoC Server decides whether the session owner and/or the participants are to be charged for the services, e.g. session owner is charged for session participation and each participant is charged for talk burst exchange. This decision is based on configuration in the offline case and is governed by the OCS in the online case. Units for service usage are reported independently, e.g. separate minutes for session participation and number of sent and received talk bursts. + +Details how this is supported are specific to online and offline charging and will be given in the subsequent clauses. + +### 5.1.2 PoC session unrelated charging + +To reflect chargeable events not directly related to a PoC session, offline and online charging procedures have to consider the occurrence of the following session unrelated SIP procedures: + +- Sending/Receiving instant personal alert. Unsuccessful message shall not be charged. +- Sending/Receiving PoC group advertisement. Unsuccessful message shall not be charged. +- PoC Client subscription to the conference state (based on a PoC group identity of the PoC group or on a PoC session identity). +- PoC Client adding a user to a PoC session. +- PoC Client adding/removing media type to/from a PoC session. +- PoC Client handling for PoC session locking in a particular PoC session (simultaneous session control): the PoC Client may request to lock itself in a particular PoC session while initiating a PoC session or at any time later when a valid PoC session exists. +- Early session setting-up. +- PoC Client handling for PoC session priority in a particular PoC session (simultaneous session control): the PoC Client may set a PoC session priority in a particular PoC session while initiating a PoC session or at any time later when a valid PoC session exists. + +### 5.1.3 Charging based on number of participants + +Charging based on number of participants is possible at both the controlling and participating PoC Servers if the information is provided by the controlling PoC Server to the participating PoC Server as defined by OMA PoC User Plane [205]. + +## 5.2 PoC offline charging scenarios + +### 5.2.0 General + +Editor's note: < If the present document does not specify offline charging for XXX, then an appropriate reference or other explanation shall be provided (cf. scope clause), and all following subclauses shall only have the text "Void. Refer to clause 5.2". > + +### 5.2.1 Basic principles + +The charging models as given in clause 5.1 are supported for offline charging. CDRs are generated for the charged parties that are configured in the PoC Server. + +These CDRs contain distinguished service usage data for any of the described sub-services. They may contain only usage data related to one subscriber or may aggregate service usage. The latter case occurs e.g. in the charging model where the session owner is charged for all session participants. Accumulated or detailed talk burst usage data given in the CDRs will hold duration, volume and number of talk bursts. It is up to the Billing Domain (BD) to rate them according to selected rate plans. + +Event CDRs are generated for the early session establishment and instant personal alerts delivery. + +Interim and final CDRs are generated for PoC session participation and talk burst usage. The generation of interim CDRs will be governed by configurable timers at the PoC Server, changes to the session, and any changes in location of the user made known to the PoC Server. + +### 5.2.2 Diameter message flows + +The flows described in the present document specify the charging communications between PoC Server and the charging functions for different charging scenarios. The SIP messages associated with these charging scenarios are shown primarily for general information and to illustrate the charging triggers. They are not intended to be exhaustive of all the SIP message flows discussed in TS 24.228 [202]. + +#### 5.2.2.1 Message flows - Successful cases and scenarios + +##### 5.2.2.1.1 Successful PoC session establishment + +Figure 5.2.2.1.1 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between PoC Server and CDF during PoC session establishment originated by a PoC Client. The ACR triggers the first CPF-CDR sequence in the controlling PoC Server and the first PPF-CDR sequence is generated for each participant in the participating PoC Server. More CPF-CDR sequences possible for additional participants. + +![Sequence diagram for offline charging PoC session establishment](6a5c8326029e6290e69a5f43d6ed4548_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant PoC Client + participant PoC server + participant CDF + Note right of PoC server: Save Charging Data + PoC Client->>PoC server: SIP INVITE + PoC server->>CDF: 200 OK + PoC server->>CDF: ACR + Note right of CDF: Create xPF-CDR (sequence) + CDF->>PoC server: ACA +``` + +The diagram illustrates the message sequence for offline charging PoC session establishment. It involves three main entities: PoC Client, PoC server, and CDF. The sequence starts with the PoC Client sending a SIP INVITE message to the PoC server. Upon receiving the SIP INVITE, the PoC server triggers a 'Save Charging Data' action. The PoC server then sends a 200 OK response to the PoC Client. Simultaneously, the PoC server sends an ACR (Accounting Request) message to the CDF. The CDF receives the ACR and triggers a 'Create xPF-CDR (sequence)' action. Finally, the CDF sends an ACA (Accounting Answer) message back to the PoC server. + +Sequence diagram for offline charging PoC session establishment + +Figure 5.2.2.1.1: Message sequence chart for offline charging PoC session establishment + +##### 5.2.2.1.2 PoC talk burst exchange + +Figure 5.2.2.1.2 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between PoC Server and CDF during talk burst exchange. + +![Sequence diagram for PoC talk burst exchange between PoC Client, PoC server, and CDF.](7d2d1d3870cd224c4430d19334557716_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant PoC Client + participant PoC server + participant CDF + Note right of PoC server: Save Charging Data + PoC Client->>PoC server: Talk Burst Request + PoC Client->>PoC server: Talk Burst Release + PoC server->>CDF: ACR + Note right of CDF: Close xPF-CDR + CDF->>PoC server: ACA + PoC server->>PoC Client: BYE + PoC Client->>PoC server: 200 OK +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interaction for PoC talk burst exchange. It begins with the PoC Client sending a 'Talk Burst Request' to the PoC server, followed by a 'Talk Burst Release'. The PoC server then initiates a 'Save Charging Data' process. Simultaneously, it sends an 'ACR' (Accounting Request) to the CDF. The CDF performs a 'Close xPF-CDR' operation and responds with an 'ACA' (Accounting Answer). The PoC server then sends a 'BYE' message to the PoC Client, who replies with a '200 OK'. + +Sequence diagram for PoC talk burst exchange between PoC Client, PoC server, and CDF. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.2: Message sequence chart for offline charging PoC talk burst exchange + +##### 5.2.2.1.3 Instant personal alert + +Figure 5.2.2.1.3 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between participating PoC Server and CDF for the "Instant Personal Alert" delivery. + +![Sequence diagram for Instant personal alert between PoC Client, PoC server (participating), and CDF.](7fe7bcb3d40736e0b29d9f48ff3cc026_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant PoC Client + participant PoC server (participating) + participant CDF + Note right of PoC server: Create CDR (event) + PoC Client->>PoC server: SIP MESSAGE + PoC server->>CDF: ACR + CDF->>PoC server: ACA +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interaction for Instant personal alert. The PoC Client sends a 'SIP MESSAGE' to the PoC server (participating). The PoC server then sends an 'ACR' (Accounting Request) to the CDF. The CDF performs a 'Create CDR (event)' operation and responds with an 'ACA' (Accounting Answer). + +Sequence diagram for Instant personal alert between PoC Client, PoC server (participating), and CDF. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.3: Message sequence chart for offline charging Instant personal alert + +##### 5.2.2.1.4 Pre-established session set-up + +Figure 5.2.2.1.4 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between participating PoC Server and CDF for the pre-established session with the early session indication. + +![Sequence diagram for pre-established session set-up](3cc095fb84e92690c9d49d3e17c0f1dc_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant PoC Client + participant PoC server (participating) + participant CDF + Note right of PoC server (participating): Create CDR (event) + PoC Client->>PoC server (participating): SIP INVITE + PoC server (participating)->>CDF: ACR + CDF->>PoC server (participating): ACA +``` + +The diagram illustrates the message sequence for pre-established session set-up. It involves three entities: PoC Client, PoC server (participating), and CDF. The sequence starts with the PoC Client sending a SIP INVITE message to the PoC server (participating). The PoC server (participating) then sends an ACR (Accounting Request) message to the CDF. A note indicates that a 'Create CDR (event)' occurs at the PoC server (participating) after sending the ACR. Finally, the CDF sends an ACA (Accounting Answer) message back to the PoC server (participating). + +Sequence diagram for pre-established session set-up + +Figure 5.2.2.1.4: Message sequence chart for offline charging pre-established session set-up + +##### 5.2.2.1.5 Mid PoC session procedures + +Figure 5.2.2.1.5 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between PoC Server and CDF in the Mid-PoC session when SIP INVITE or BYE request are received at the PoC Server. The ACR(Start) triggers the first CPF-CDR sequence in the Controlling PoC Server and the first PPF-CDR sequence is generated for each participant in the Participating PoC Server. When SIP INVITE or BYE request are sent to controlling server, Controlling PoC Server performs service control function, to recognize if the request is a chargeable event. If so, the Controlling PoC Server sends ACR with Interim-Record type. + +![Sequence diagram for offline charging in Mid PoC session](5456ef9dc49ffc9cbb93cf1dd8052884_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant Participating PoC Server + participant Controlling PoC server + participant CDF + Note right of Controlling PoC server: Service Control + Note right of CDF: Update CPF-CDR + Participating PoC Server->>Controlling PoC server: 200 OK/Update, BYE + Controlling PoC server->>CDF: ACR(InterimRecord) + CDF->>Controlling PoC server: ACA + Note left of Participating PoC Server: More SIP signalling +``` + +The diagram illustrates the message sequence for offline charging in Mid PoC session. It involves three entities: Participating PoC Server, Controlling PoC server, and CDF. The sequence starts with the Participating PoC Server sending a 200 OK/Update, BYE message to the Controlling PoC server. The Controlling PoC server then performs a 'Service Control' function. Following this, it sends an ACR(InterimRecord) message to the CDF. The CDF sends an ACA (Accounting Answer) message back to the Controlling PoC server. A note indicates that an 'Update CPF-CDR' occurs at the CDF after receiving the ACR(InterimRecord). Finally, a note indicates 'More SIP signalling' between the Participating PoC Server and the Controlling PoC server. + +Sequence diagram for offline charging in Mid PoC session + +Figure 5.2.2.1.5: Message sequence chart for offline charging in Mid PoC session + +### 5.2.3 CDR generation + +The controlling PoC function CDR (CPF-CDR) and participating PoC function CDR (PPF-CDR) are generated by the PoC Server to collect charging information that they subsequently transfer to the Charging Gateway Function (CGF). + +### 5.2.4 GTP' record transfer flows + +The principles and protocol applications specified in TS 32.295 [54]. + +### 5.2.5 BT CDR file transfer + +The CDR file transfer for PoC charging is supported on the BT interface, as specified in TS 32.240 [1]. For further details on the BT protocol application refer to TS 32.297 [52]. + +## 5.3 PoC online charging scenarios + +### 5.3.1 Basic principles + +PoC online charging is done according to the general principles of Diameter Credit Control Applications (DCCA) as specified in TS 32.299 [50]. The PoC Server generates online charging messages that contain distinguishable service usage data for any of the sub-services. + +PoC online charging utilizes one time event charging for early (pre-established) sessions (session set-up is charged only) and instant personal alerts and session charging for PoC session and PoC talk burst exchange. Thus the PoC online charging interface will address both the Session Based Charging Function (SBCF) and the Event Based Charging Function (EBCF) with the OCS. There is a general PoC service with four sub-services in the interface. Each of the sub-services has specific charging information and behaviour. The DCCA concept of multiple service credit control are supported. As described by DCCA, unused reserved units for PoC session participation are released on session termination. + +Talk burst exchange is a session based service with SCUR which may be metered by duration, volume or number. The metering is done on the PoC Server and governed in a DCCA conformal way by the OCS. + +Upon charging request it returns granted units of either of the three types. Unused reserved units for talk burst exchange are released at PoC session termination or based on an inactivity timer. For number of talk burst level reporting, the service specific unit shall be used to represent individual talk bursts. For talk burst duration reporting, the time based unit shall be used. For talk burst volume reporting, the volume unit shall be used. + +For an "Instant Personal Alert", which is an event unrelated to a PoC session, the PoC online charging utilizes event charging for the message including a unit reservation i.e. ECUR. + +### 5.3.2 Diameter message flows + +#### 5.3.2.1 Successful PoC session establishment + +Figure 5.3.2.1 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between PoC Server and OCS during PoC session establishment originated by a PoC Client. + +![Sequence diagram for PoC session establishment](dbbc0baac7341cda76cc4f8355dce23f_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant PoC Client + participant PoC server + participant OCS + Note right of PoC server: Quota Reservation + PoC Client->>PoC server: SIP INVITE + PoC server->>OCS: CCR[Initial] + OCS-->>PoC server: CCA + PoC server-->>PoC Client: 200 OK +``` + +The diagram illustrates the message sequence for PoC session establishment. It involves three main entities: PoC Client, PoC server, and OCS. The sequence starts with the PoC Client sending a SIP INVITE to the PoC server. The PoC server then sends a CCR[Initial] to the OCS. The OCS responds with a CCA. The PoC server then sends a 200 OK to the PoC Client. A 'Quota Reservation' block is shown on the OCS side, indicating the processing of the CCR. + +Sequence diagram for PoC session establishment + +Figure 5.3.2.1: Message sequence chart for online charging PoC session establishment + +Editor's note: Detailed message description including the handling of RSU, GSU and USU should be added. + +#### 5.3.2.2 PoC talk burst exchange + +Figure 5.3.2.2 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between PoC Server and OCS during talk burst exchange. + +![Sequence diagram for PoC talk burst exchange](f324fbc5d5af1e4da9cd932389f0064c_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant PoC Client + participant PoC server + participant OCS + Note right of PoC server: Update quota control + PoC Client->>PoC server: Talk Burst Request + PoC Client->>PoC server: Talk Burst Release + PoC server-->>OCS: Update quota control + PoC Client-->>PoC server: BYE + PoC server->>OCS: CCR (terminate) + Note right of OCS: Quota resolution + OCS-->>PoC server: CCA + PoC Client-->>PoC server: 200 OK +``` + +The diagram illustrates the message sequence for PoC talk burst exchange. It involves three main entities: PoC Client, PoC server, and OCS. The sequence starts with the PoC Client sending a Talk Burst Request to the PoC server, followed by a Talk Burst Release. The PoC server then sends an Update quota control to the OCS. The PoC Client then sends a BYE to the PoC server. The PoC server sends a CCR (terminate) to the OCS. The OCS responds with a CCA. The PoC Client then sends a 200 OK to the PoC server. A 'Update quota control' block is shown on the PoC server side, and a 'Quota resolution' block is shown on the OCS side. + +Sequence diagram for PoC talk burst exchange + +Figure 5.3.2.2 : Message sequence chart for online charging PoC talk burst exchange + +#### 5.3.2.3 Instant personal alert + +Figure 5.3.2.3 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between participating PoC Server and OCS for the (successful) "Instant Personal Alert" delivery. Each "Instant Personal Alert" shall be treated independently + +![Sequence diagram for online charging Instant personal alert](a4b963a07cc368283154762c4b156fe7_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant PoC Client A + participant PoC server + participant OCS + participant PoC Client B + + Note right of OCS: Quota reservation + PoC Client A->>PoC server: SIP MESSAGE + PoC server->>OCS: CCR (event with reservation) + Note right of OCS: Quota reservation + OCS-->>PoC server: CCA + PoC server->>PoC Client B: SIP MESSAGE + Note right of PoC Client B: // + PoC Client B-->>PoC server: 200 OK + Note right of PoC Client B: // + PoC server->>OCS: CCR (terminate) + Note right of OCS: Quota resolution + OCS-->>PoC server: CCA +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interaction for an Instant Personal Alert. It begins with PoC Client A sending a SIP MESSAGE to the PoC server. The PoC server responds with a CCR (event with reservation) to the OCS. The OCS performs a 'Quota reservation' and returns a CCA to the PoC server. Next, the PoC server sends a SIP MESSAGE to PoC Client B. PoC Client B responds with a 200 OK. Finally, the PoC server sends a CCR (terminate) to the OCS, which performs a 'Quota resolution' and returns a CCA. There are double slash markers (//) on the return path from PoC Client B to PoC server, indicating a delay or omission in the sequence. + +Sequence diagram for online charging Instant personal alert + +**Figure 5.3.2.3: Message sequence chart for online charging Instant personal alert** + +NOTE: The 200 OK response to the PoC Client A has been omitted from figure 5.3.2.3 but can occur at any point after the 200 OK is received from PoC Client B. + +For successful message delivery, the CCR (terminate) shall report the used quota. + +For unsuccessful message delivery, determined by a response timeout or a SIP error response e.g. 4xx, the PoC Server return the quota as unused within the CCR (terminate). + +#### 5.3.2.4 Early session set-up + +Early session set-up is a preparation process for later PoC session establishment. The required negotiations, media negotiation, bearing parameters negotiation, etc, among different PoC users are also different, which occupy different resources that PoC Server can not predict before. ECUR is referred here. + +Figure 5.3.2.4 shows the charging flow between PoC Server (participating) and OCS for pre-established session (early session): + +![Message sequence chart for Pre-established session Set-up online charging](a5b9392ecb96e6b5e0b4ee0664210f72_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant PoC Client + participant PoC server (Participating) + participant OCS + Note right of OCS: 3. Charging Control + PoC Client->>PoC server (Participating): 1. SIP INVITE + PoC server (Participating)->>OCS: 2. CCR (Init, RSU) + OCS->>PoC server (Participating): 4. CCA (Init, GSU) + Note right of PoC server (Participating): 5. early session setup + PoC server (Participating)->>PoC Client: 6. Result for early session + PoC server (Participating)->>OCS: 7. CCR (Term, USU) + Note right of OCS: 8. Charging Control + OCS->>PoC server (Participating): 9. CCA (Term) +``` + +The diagram is a sequence chart showing the interaction between three entities: PoC Client, PoC server (Participating), and OCS. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. PoC Client sends a SIP INVITE request to PoC server (Participating). 2. PoC server (Participating) sends a CCR (Init, RSU) message to OCS. 3. OCS performs Charging Control. 4. OCS sends a CCA (Init, GSU) response back to PoC server (Participating). 5. PoC server (Participating) initiates the early session setup. 6. PoC server (Participating) sends a Result for early session message to PoC Client. 7. PoC server (Participating) sends a CCR (Term, USU) message to OCS. 8. OCS performs Charging Control. 9. OCS sends a CCA (Term) response back to PoC server (Participating). + +Message sequence chart for Pre-established session Set-up online charging + +**Figure 5.3.2.4: Message sequence chart for Pre-established session Set-up online charging** + +1. PoC Client sends SIP INVITE request to PoC Server (participating) for early session setup. +2. After receiving the request PoC Server sends CCR[Initial] to OCS for reservation by RSU(Requested-Service-Unit). +3. The OCS performs unit reservation. +4. The OCS sends back the response to PoC Server (participating) to authorize the service request with GSU(Granted-Service-Unit) +5. PoC Server (participating) starts to initiate the early session for PoC Client. +6. When finishing early session setup PoC Server responses back the result to PoC Client. +7. Also PoC Server (participating) sends CCR[Termination] to OCS by USU(Used-Service-Unit) to indicate resource usage and result of early session setup. +8. OCS performs debit. +9. OCS sends back CCA to PoC Server (participating) to indicate charging control result. + +#### 5.3.2.5 Participant number based charging + +Figure 5.3.2.5 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Controlling PoC Server and OCS in participant number based charging for the session owner. + +![Sequence diagram for offline charging in Mid PoC session. Lifelines: PoC Client, Participating PoC server, Controlling PoC server, OCS. The sequence shows SIP INVITE, CCR[Initial], Quota Reservation, CCA, SIP INVITE to participants, 200 OK/BYE responses, Service Control monitoring, CCR[Update], and final Quota Reservation.](fcbc3c31776721edc98ceb1944ec438f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant PoC Client + participant Participating PoC server + participant Controlling PoC server + participant OCS + + Note right of OCS: 3. Quota Rese + PoC Client->>Controlling PoC server: 1. SIP INVITE + Controlling PoC server->>OCS: 2. CCR[Initial] + OCS->>OCS: 3. Quota Rese + OCS-->>Controlling PoC server: 4. CCA + Controlling PoC server->>PoC Client: 5. SIP INVITE + PoC Client->>Participating PoC server: 6. 200 OK, BYE + Participating PoC server->>Controlling PoC server: 7. 200 OK, BYE + Note right of Controlling PoC server: 8. Service Control + Controlling PoC server->>OCS: 9. CCR[Update] + Note right of OCS: 10. Quota Res + +``` + +Sequence diagram for offline charging in Mid PoC session. Lifelines: PoC Client, Participating PoC server, Controlling PoC server, OCS. The sequence shows SIP INVITE, CCR[Initial], Quota Reservation, CCA, SIP INVITE to participants, 200 OK/BYE responses, Service Control monitoring, CCR[Update], and final Quota Reservation. + +**Figure 5.3.2.5: Message sequence chart for offline charging in Mid PoC session** + +1. PoC Client sends SIP INVITE request to controlling PoC Server to generate a multi-participants session. +2. Controlling PoC Server sends initial CCR request to OCS, with the pre-defined group participant number for quota reservation. In case of the Ad-hoc session, Controlling PoC Server sends initial CCR request for quota reservation, with initial invited participant number. +3. OCS performs Quota reservation. +4. OCS responses the CCA with enabling trigger condition of CHANGE\_IN\_PARTICIPANTS\_NMB or CHANGE\_IN\_THRSHLD\_OF\_PARTICIPANTS\_NMB. +5. Controlling PoC Server forward the INVITE request to participants. +6. During the session ongoing, participant can send BYE or 200 OK to Participating PoC Server. +7. Participating PoC Server forwards the message to Controlling PoC Server. +8. Controlling PoC Server monitors the trigger conditions, if one of the conditions occurs, it goes to next procedure. +9. Controlling PoC Server sends update request, with the changed Rating Group. +10. OCS performs re-authorization. +11. OCS sends CCA to Controlling PoC Server. + +#### 5.3.2.6 Participating type based charging + +Figure 5.3.2.6 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Controlling PoC Server and OCS in participant type based charging for the session owner and participants. + +![Sequence diagram for online charging Participating type](b2f5606b9c7184c1c6070a290080a3e3_img.jpg) + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interaction between a PoC Box, a PoC Server, and an OCS. The sequence of messages is as follows: + +- The PoC Box sends a SIP INVITE to the PoC Server. +- The PoC Server sends an initial CCR[Initial] to the OCS. +- The OCS performs a Quota Reservation. +- The OCS responds with a CCA to the PoC Server. +- The PoC Server forwards the SIP INVITE to the PoC Box. +- The PoC Box responds with a SIP 200 OK to the PoC Server. +- There is a self-call on the PoC Server (indicated by a return arrow). +- The PoC Box sends another SIP INVITE to the PoC Server. +- The PoC Server initiates a Service Control interaction. +- The PoC Server sends a CCR[Update] to the OCS. +- The OCS performs another Quota Reservation. +- The OCS responds with a CCA to the PoC Server. +- The PoC Server forwards the SIP INVITE to the PoC Box. +- The PoC Box responds with a SIP 200 OK to the PoC Server. +- There is a final self-call on the PoC Server (indicated by a return arrow). + +Sequence diagram for online charging Participating type + +**Figure 5.3.2.6: Message sequence chart for online charging Participating type** + +1. PoC Server receives SIP INVITE. +2. PoC Server sends initial CCR request to OCS. +3. OCS performs Quota reservation. +4. OCS responses the CCA with enabling trigger condition of CHANGE\_IN\_USER\_PARTICIPATING\_TYPE. +5. PoC Server forwards the SIP INVITE request to participants. +6. PoC Server receives the SIP 200 OK for SIP INVITE. + +7. PoC session start. +8. During the session ongoing, participant can send SIP INVITE to PoC Server to invite PoC Box. +9. Controlling PoC Server monitors the trigger conditions, if one of the conditions occurs, it goes to next procedure. +10. PoC Server sends CCR[Update] request, with the changed Rating Group. +11. OCS performs re-authorization. +12. OCS sends CCA to PoC Server. +13. PoC Server forwards SIP INVITE to PoC Box. +14. PoC Box response to PoC Server with SIP 200 OK. +15. PoC session continues. + +# 6 Definition of charging information + +## 6.1 Data description for PoC offline charging + +### 6.1.0 General + +The PoC Server generates charging information that can be transferred from the CTF to the CDF with the Diameter accounting application. Detailed information about the usage of the Diameter accounting application is described in TS 32.299 [50]. + +### 6.1.1 Rf message contents + +#### 6.1.1.1 Summary of offline charging message formats + +The PoC Charging application for offline charging employs the *Accounting-Request* (ACR) and *Accounting-Answer* (ACA). The ACR can be of type start, stop, interim and event and includes all charging information. The ACA is just an acknowledgement of the ACR. + +Table 6.1.1.1 describes the use of these messages for offline charging. + +**Table 6.1.1.1: Offline charging messages reference table** + +| Command-Name | Source | Destination | Abbreviation | +|--------------------|------------|-------------|--------------| +| Accounting-Request | PoC Server | CDF | ACR | +| Accounting-Answer | CDF | PoC Server | ACA | + +#### 6.1.1.2 Structure for the Accounting message formats + +##### 6.1.1.2.0 Introduction + +PoC offline charging used the Diameter accounting application with the two messages ACR and ACA. The request can be of type start, stop, interim and event. The accounting request message includes all charging information and the answer is just an acknowledgement of the request message. Detailed information about the Diameter offline charging application is described in TS 32.299 [50]. + +This clause describes the different fields used in the accounting messages. + +##### 6.1.1.2.1 ACR message + +Table 6.1.1.2.1.1 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter ACR message as used for PoC offline charging. + +**Table 6.1.1.2.1.1: ACR message contents for offline charging** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Session-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Host | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Destination-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Record-Type | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Record-Number | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Acct-Application-Id | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Vendor-Specific-Application-Id | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| User-Name | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Destination-Host | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Sub-Session-Id | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Acct-Session-Id | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Acct-Multi-Session-Id | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Acct-Interim-Interval | O C | | +| Accounting-Realtime-Required | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Origin-State-Id | O C | | +| Event-Timestamp | O C | | +| Proxy-Info | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Route-Record | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Service-Context-Id | O M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Service-Information
Subscription-Id
PS-Information
IMS-Information
PoC-Information | O M | This field holds the PoC specific parameter and is described in clause 6.3.
Subscription-Id is used as described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Extension | - | Not used in 3GPP. | + +NOTE: Detailed descriptions of the fields are provided in 3GPP TS 32.299 [50]. + +##### 6.1.1.2.2 ACA message + +Table 6.1.1.2.2.1 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter ACA message as used for PoC charging. This message is always used by the CDF as specified below, regardless of the PoC Server it is received from and the ACR record type that is being replied to. + +**Table 6.1.1.2.2.1: ACA message contents for offline charging** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|--------------------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------| +| Session-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Result-Code | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Host | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Record-Type | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Record-Number | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Acct-Application-Id | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Vendor-Specific-Application-Id | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| User-Name | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Sub-Session-Id | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Acct-Session-Id | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Acct-Multi-Session-Id | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Error-Reporting-Host | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Acct-Interim-Interval | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Realtime-Required | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Origin-State-Id | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Event-Timestamp | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Proxy-Info | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Extension | - | Not used in 3GPP. | + +Category in table 6.1.1.2.1.1 and table 6.1.1.2.2.1 shall use the categories according to clause 5.4 in TS 32.240 [1]. + +### 6.1.2 GTP' message contents + +Editor's note: + +< Based on clause 5.2.4. If not applicable as per 5.2.4, insert only the following text. > + +{Not applicable. Refer to clause 5.2.4 for further information.} + +### 6.1.3 CDR description on the BT interface + +#### 6.1.3.1 CDR field types + +The content of the PoC CDR type is defined in table 6.1.3.3.1 and table 6.1.3.3.2. For the CDR type the field definition includes the field name, category and description. The detailed field descriptions are provided in TS 32.298 [51]. + +The CDF provides the CDRs at the BT interface in the format and encoding described in TS 32.298 [51]. Additional CDR formats and contents may be available at the interface to the billing system to meet the requirements of the billing system, these are outside of the scope of 3GPP standardization. + +#### 6.1.3.2 CDR triggers + +##### 6.1.3.2.1 PoC session related CDRs + +Reflecting the usage of PoC sessions CDRs are generated by the CDF on a per session basis. In the scope of the present document the term "PoC session" refers to the following cases: + +- 1 to 1 PoC sessions; +- PoC group sessions (1 to many). + +Accounting information for SIP sessions is transferred from the PoC Server to the CDF using Diameter ACR[Start, Interim and Stop] messages. A PoC session CDR is opened in the CDF upon reception of a Diameter ACR[Start] message. + +Partial CDRs may be generated upon reception of a Diameter ACR [Interim] message. + +The Diameter ACR[Interim] message is sent by the network entity towards the CDF due to a session modification procedure (i.e. change in media) , due to a change to location of the user, or due to usage threshold (e.g. volume, duration, number of change conditions). + +Session CDRs are updated, or partial CDRs are generated upon reception of a diameter ACR[Interim] message, which is sent by the network entity due to expiration of the Accounting-Interim-Interval parameter. + +The CDF closes the final session CDR upon reception of a Diameter ACR[Stop] message, which indicates that the SIP session is terminated. + +Accounting information for unsuccessful session set-up attempts may be sent by the PoC Server to the CDF employing the Diameter ACR[Event] message. The behaviour of the CDF upon receiving ACR[Event] messages is specified in clause 6.1.3.2.2. + +##### 6.1.3.2.2 Session unrelated CDRs + +To reflect chargeable events not directly related to a PoC session the CDF may generate CDRs upon the occurrence of session unrelated SIP procedures, such as: + +- Sending/Receiving instant personal alert. Unsuccessful message shall not be charged. +- Sending/Receiving PoC group advertisement. Unsuccessful message shall not be charged. +- PoC Client subscription to the conference state (based on a PoC group identity of the PoC group or on a PoC session identity). +- PoC Client adding a user to a PoC session +- PoC Client handling for PoC session locking in a particular PoC session (simultaneous session control): the PoC Client may request to lock itself in a particular PoC session while initiating a PoC session or at any time later when a valid PoC session exists. +- PoC Client handling for PoC session priority in a particular PoC session (simultaneous session control): the PoC Client may set a PoC session priority in a particular PoC session while initiating a PoC session or at any time later when a valid PoC session exists. + +Accounting information for SIP session-unrelated procedures is transferred from the PoC Server to the CDF using Diameter ACR[Event] messages. Session unrelated CDRs are created in the CDF in a "one-off" action based on the information contained in the Diameter ACR[Event] message. One session unrelated CDR is created in the CDF for each Diameter ACR[Event] message received, whereas the creation of partial CDRs is not applicable for session unrelated CDRs. + +#### 6.1.3.3 PoC CDR content + +The detailed description of the field is provided in TS 32.298 [51]. + +##### 6.1.3.3.1 Participating PoC Function + +Table 6.1.3.3.1.1 contains the content of Participating PoC Function (PPF) CDR. + +**Table 6.1.3.3.1.1: Charging data of PPF-CDR** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|-----------------------------------|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | Identifies the PoC service record. | +| Retransmission | O C | This parameter, when present, indicates that information from retransmitted Diameter ACRs has been used in this CDR. | +| SIP Method | O C | Specifies the SIP-method for which the CDR is generated. Only available in session unrelated cases. This parameter corresponds to Event-Type. | +| Node Address | O M | This item holds the address of the node providing the information for the CDR. This may either be the IP address or the FQDN of the IMS node generating the accounting data. This parameter corresponds to the Origin-Host . | +| Session ID | O M | The Session identification. For a SIP session the Session-ID contains the SIP Call ID as defined in the Session Initiation Protocol RFC 3261 [404]. This parameter corresponds to User-Session-ID. | +| Calling Party Address | O M | The address (Public User ID) of the party requesting a service or initiating a session. This field holds either the SIP URI (according to RFC 3261 [404]) or the TEL URI (according to RFC 3966 [405]) of the calling party. This parameter corresponds to Calling-Party-Address. | +| Called Party Address | O M | In the context of an end-to-end SIP transaction this field holds the address of the party (Public User ID) to whom the SIP transaction is posted. This parameter corresponds to Called-Party-Address. | +| Service Request Time Stamp | O M | This field contains the time stamp which indicates the time at which the service was requested. This parameter corresponds to SIP-Request-Timestamp in START ACR. | +| Service Delivery Start Time Stamp | O M | This field holds the time stamp reflecting either: successful session set-up, a delivery unrelated service, an unsuccessful session set-up and an unsuccessful session unrelated request. This parameter corresponds to SIP-Response-Timestamp in START ACR. | +| Service Delivery End Time Stamp | O C | This field records the time at which the service delivery was terminated. It is Present only in SIP session related case. This parameter corresponds to SIP-Request-Timestamp. in STOP ACR. | +| Record Opening Time | O C | A time stamp reflecting the time the CDF opened this record. Present only in SIP session related case. | +| Record Closure Time | O M | A Time stamp reflecting the time the CDF closed the record. | +| Inter Operator Identifiers | O C | Holds the identification of the home network (originating and terminating) if exchanged via SIP signalling, as recorded in the Inter-Operator-Identifier . | +| Originating IOI | O C | This parameter corresponds to Originating-IOI. | +| Terminating IOI | O C | This parameter corresponds to Terminating-IOI. | +| Local Record Sequence Number | O M | This field includes a unique record number created by this node. The number is allocated sequentially for each partial CDR (or whole CDR) including all CDR types. The number is unique within the CDF. | +| Record Sequence Number | O C | This field contains a running sequence number employed to link the partial records generated by the CDF for a particular session. | +| Cause For Record Closing | O M | This field contains a reason for the release of the CDR. | +| Incomplete CDR Indication | O C | This field provides additional diagnostics when the CDF detects missing ACRs. | +| IMS Charging Identifier | O M | This parameter holds the IMS charging identifier (ICID) as generated by the IMS node for the SIP session. This parameter corresponds to IMS-Charging-Identifier (ICID). | +| SDP Session Description | O C | Holds the Session portion of the SDP data exchanged between the User Agents if available in the SIP transaction. This parameter corresponds to SDP-Session-Description. | +| List of SDP Media Components | O C | This is a grouped field comprising several sub-fields associated with one media component. It may occur several times in one CDR. The field is present only in a SIP session related case. | +| SIP Request Timestamp | O M | This parameter contains the time of the SIP Request (usually a (Re)Invite). This parameter corresponds to SIP-Request-Timestamp in INTERIM ACR. | +| SIP Response Timestamp | O M | This parameter contains the time of the response to the SIP Request (usually a 200 OK). This parameter corresponds to SIP-Response-Timestamp in INTERIM ACR. | +| SDP Media Components | O M | This is a grouped field comprising several sub-fields associated with one media component. Since several media components may exist for a session in parallel these sub-fields may occur several times. This parameter corresponds to SDP-Media-Component. | +| SDP Media Name | O M | This field holds the name of the media as available in the SDP data. This parameter corresponds to SDP-Media-Name. | +| SDP Media Description | O M | This field holds the attributes of the media as available in the SDP data. This parameter corresponds to SDP-Media-Description. | +| GPRS Charging ID | O C | This parameter holds the GPRS charging ID (GCID) which is generated by the GGSN for a GPRS PDP context. This parameter corresponds to GPRS-Charging-Id. | + +| Field | Category | Description | +|---------------------------------|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Media Initiator Flag | O C | This field indicates if the called party has requested the session modification and it is present only if the initiator was the called party. | +| Media Initiator Party | O C | This field indicates the address (SIP URI or TEL URI) of the party (Public User ID or Public Service ID) who initiates the media action, like adding/removing the media. | +| GGSN Address | O C | This parameter holds the control plane IP address of the GGSN that handles one or more media component(s) of a IMS session. This parameter corresponds to the P-Charging-Vector header. | +| Service Delivery Failure Reason | O C | Holds the reason for why a requested service could not be successfully provided (i.e. SIP error codes taken from SIP-Method ). This field is not present in case of a successful service delivery. | +| Service Specific Data | O C | This field contains service specific data. | +| List of Message Bodies | O C | This grouped field comprising several sub-fields describing the data that may be conveyed end-to-end in the body of a SIP message. Since several message bodies may be exchanged via SIP-signalling, this grouped field may occur several times. | +| Content Type | O C | This sub-field of Message Bodies holds the MIME type of the message body, Examples are: application/zip, image/gif, audio/mpeg, etc. This parameter corresponds to Event-Type / Content-Type. | +| Content Disposition | O C | This sub-field of Message Bodies holds the content disposition of the message body inside the SIP signalling, Content-disposition header field equal to "render", indicates that "the body part should be displayed or otherwise rendered to the user". Content disposition values are: session, render, inline, icon, alert, attachment, etc. This parameter corresponds to Event-Type / Content-Disposition. | +| Content Length | O C | This sub-field of Message Bodies holds the size of the data of a message body in bytes. This parameter corresponds to Event-Type / Content-Length. | +| Originator | O C | This sub-field of the "List of Message Bodies" indicates the originating party of the message body. This parameter corresponds to P-Asserted-Identity header. | +| PoC Information | O C | A set of PoC specific parameters such as PoC session Type, PoC Server Role and the accumulated send/received talk burst information of the participant. . See clause 6.3.1.2. | +| User Location Info | O C | This field holds information about the location of the user to the level of that made available to the PoC Server. If no location information is available then this parameter is not included. | +| Service Context Id | O M | Holds the context information to which the CDR belongs | +| Record Extensions | O C | A set of operator/manufacturer specific extensions to the record, conditioned upon existence of an extension. | + +##### 6.1.3.3.2 Controlling PoC Function + +Table 6.1.3.3.2.1 contains the content of Controlling PoC Function (CPF) CDR. + +**Table 6.1.3.3.2.1: Charging data of CPF-CDR** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|-----------------------------------|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | Identifies the PoC service record. | +| Retransmission | O C | This parameter, when present, indicates that information from retransmitted Diameter ACRs has been used in this CDR. | +| SIP Method | O C | Specifies the SIP-method for which the CDR is generated. Only available in session unrelated cases. This parameter corresponds to Event-Type. | +| Node Address | O M | This item holds the address of the node providing the information for the CDR. This may either be the IP address or the FQDN of the IMS node generating the accounting data. This parameter corresponds to the Origin-Host . | +| Session ID | O M | The Session identification. For a SIP session the Session-ID contains the SIP Call ID as defined in the Session Initiation Protocol RFC 3261 [404]. This parameter corresponds to User-Session-ID. | +| Calling Party Address | O M | The address (Public User ID) of the party requesting a service or initiating a session. This field holds either the SIP URI (according to RFC 3261 [404]) or the TEL URI (according to RFC 3966 [405]) of the calling party. This parameter corresponds to Calling-Party-Address. | +| Called Party Address | O M | In the context of an end-to-end SIP transaction this field holds the address of the party (Public User ID) to whom the SIP transaction is posted. This parameter corresponds to Called-Party-Address. | +| Service Request Time Stamp | O M | This field contains the time stamp which indicates the time at which the service was requested. This parameter corresponds to SIP-Request-Timestamp in START ACR. | +| Service Delivery Start Time Stamp | O M | This field holds the time stamp reflecting either: successful session set-up, a delivery unrelated service, an unsuccessful session set-up and an unsuccessful session unrelated request. This parameter corresponds to SIP-Response-Timestamp in START ACR. | +| Service Delivery End Time Stamp | O C | This field records the time at which the service delivery was terminated. It is Present only in SIP session related case. This parameter corresponds to SIP-Request-Timestamp in STOP ACR. | +| Record Opening Time | O C | A time stamp reflecting the time the CDF opened this record. Present only in SIP session related case. | +| Record Closure Time | O M | A Time stamp reflecting the time the CDF closed the record. | +| Inter Operator Identifiers | O C | Holds the identification of the home network (originating and terminating) if exchanged via SIP signalling, as recorded in the Inter-Operator-Identifier . | +| Originating IOI | O C | This parameter corresponds to Originating-IOI. | +| Terminating IOI | O C | This parameter corresponds to Terminating-IOI. | +| Local Record Sequence Number | O M | This field includes a unique record number created by this node. The number is allocated sequentially for each partial CDR (or whole CDR) including all CDR types. The number is unique within the CDF. | +| Record Sequence Number | O C | This field contains a running sequence number employed to link the partial records generated by the CDF for a particular session. | +| Cause For Record Closing | O M | This field contains a reason for the release of the CDR. | +| Incomplete CDR Indication | O C | This field provides additional diagnostics when the CDF detects missing ACRs. | +| IMS Charging Identifier | O M | This parameter holds the IMS charging identifier (ICID) as generated by the IMS node for the SIP session. This parameter corresponds to IMS-Charging-Identifier (ICID). | +| SDP Session Description | O C | Holds the Session portion of the SDP data exchanged between the User Agents if available in the SIP transaction. This parameter corresponds to SDP-Session-Description. | +| List of SDP Media Components | O C | This is a grouped field comprising several sub-fields associated with one media component. It may occur several times in one CDR. The field is present only in a SIP session related case. | +| SIP Request Timestamp | O M | This parameter contains the time of the SIP Request (usually a (Re)Invite). This parameter corresponds to SIP-Request-Timestamp in INTERIM ACR. | +| SIP Response Timestamp | O M | This parameter contains the time of the response to the SIP Request (usually a 200 OK). This parameter corresponds to SIP-Response-Timestamp in INTERIM ACR. | +| SDP Media Components | O M | This is a grouped field comprising several sub-fields associated with one media component. Since several media components may exist for a session in parallel these sub-fields may occur several times. This parameter corresponds to SDP-Media-Component. | +| SDP Media Name | O M | This field holds the name of the media as available in the SDP data. This parameter corresponds to SDP-Media-Name. | +| SDP Media Description | O M | This field holds the attributes of the media as available in the SDP data. This parameter corresponds to SDP-Media-Description. | +| Media Initiator Flag | O C | This field indicates if the called party has requested the session modification and it is present only if the initiator was the called party. | + +| Field | Category | Description | +|---------------------------------|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Media Initiator Party | O C | This field indicates the address (SIP URI or TEL URI) of the party (Public User ID or Public Service ID) who initiates the media action, like adding/removing the media. | +| GGSN Address | O C | This parameter holds the control plane IP address of the GGSN that handles one or more media component(s) of a IMS session. This parameter corresponds to the P-Charging-Vector header. For the controlling PoC Server, this is only included if the charged party is participating in the session. | +| Service Delivery Failure Reason | O C | Holds the reason for why a requested service could not be successfully provided (i.e. SIP error codes taken from SIP-Method ). This field is not present in case of a successful service delivery. | +| Service Specific Data | O C | This field contains service specific data. | +| List of Message Bodies | O C | This grouped field comprising several sub-fields describing the data that may be conveyed end-to-end in the body of a SIP message. Since several message bodies may be exchanged via SIP-signalling, this grouped field may occur several times. | +| Content Type | O C | This sub-field of Message Bodies holds the MIME type of the message body, Examples are: application/zip, image/gif, audio/mpeg, etc. This parameter corresponds to Event-Type / Content-Type. | +| Content Disposition | O C | This sub-field of Message Bodies holds the content disposition of the message body inside the SIP signalling, Content-disposition header field equal to "render", indicates that "the body part should be displayed or otherwise rendered to the user". Content disposition values are: session, render, inline, icon, alert, attachment, etc. This parameter corresponds to Event-Type / Content-Disposition. | +| Content Length | O C | This sub-field of Message Bodies holds the size of the data of a message body in bytes. This parameter corresponds to Event-Type / Content-Length. | +| Originator | O C | This sub-field of the "List of Message Bodies" indicates the originating party of the message body. This parameter corresponds to P-Asserted-Identity header. | +| PoC Information | O C | A set of PoC specific parameters such as PoC session Type, PoC Server Role, Number and List of Participants and the accumulated talk burst information during the PoC session. See clause 6.3.1.2. | +| User Location Info | O C | This field holds information about the location of the charged party to the level of that made available to the PoC Server. If no location information is available then this parameter is not included. For the controlling PoC Server, this additionally is only included if the charged party is participating in the session. | +| Service Context Id | O M | Holds the context information to which the CDR belongs | +| Record Extensions | O C | A set of operator/manufacturer specific extensions to the record, conditioned upon existence of an extension. | + +## 6.2 Data description for PoC online charging + +### 6.2.0 General + +PoC online charging is using Credit-Control. Detailed information about the used of Diameter Credit-Control Application is described in TS 32.299 [50]. + +### 6.2.1 Ro message contents + +PoC online charging uses the credit control with the two messages Credit-Control-Request (CCR) and Credit-Control-Answer (CCA). The request performs rating of the PoC service and reserves units on the users account. The answer replies back with amount of reserved units or an error code if the user is out of credit. + +Table 6.2.1.1 describes the use of these messages for online charging. + +**Table 6.2.1.1: Online charging messages reference table** + +| Command-Name | Source | Destination | Abbreviation | +|------------------------|------------|-------------|--------------| +| Credit-Control-Request | PoC Server | OCS | CCR | +| Credit-Control-Answer | OCS | PoC Server | CCA | + +The structure of the CCR and CCA messages defined in the following clauses. + +#### 6.2.1.1 CCR message + +Table 6.2.1.1 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter CCR message from the PoC Server as used for PoC online charging. + +**Table 6.2.1.1: CCR message contents** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Session-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Host | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Destination-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Auth-Application-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Service-Context-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Request-Type | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Request-Number | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Destination-Host | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| User-Name | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-State-Id | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Event-Timestamp | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Subscription-Id | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Service-Identifier | - | Not used at command level but within the Multiple-Services-Credit-Control. The values are operator defined. | +| Termination-Cause | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Requested-Service-Unit | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Requested-Action | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Used-Service-Unit | - | Not used at command level but within the Multiple-Services-Credit-Control. | +| Multiple-Services-Indicator | O M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Multiple-Services-Credit Control | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| User-Equipment-Info | - | Not used in PoC charging. | +| Proxy-Info | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Proxy-Host | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Proxy-State | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Route-Record | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Service-Information
PS-Information
IMS-Information
PoC-Information | O M | This field holds the PoC specific parameter and is described in clause 6.3. | +| Extension | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | + +The protocol specific parameter definition is specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +#### 6.2.1.2 CCA message + +Table 6.2.1.2.1 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter CCA message as used for the PoC Server. This message is always used by the OCS as specified below, independent of the receiving PoC Server and the CCR request type that is being replied to. + +**Table 6.2.1.2.1: CCA message** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|----------------------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------| +| Session-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Result-Code | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Host | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Auth-Application-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Request-Type | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Request-Number | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Session-Failover | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Granted-Service-Unit | - | Not used in PoC charging. | +| Multiple-Services-Credit-Control | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Credit-Control-Failure-Handling | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Direct-Debiting-Failure-Handling | - | Not used in PoC charging. | +| Redirect-Host | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Redirect-Host-Usage | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Redirect-Max-Cache-Time | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Proxy-Info | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Route-Record | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Failed-AVP | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Trigger | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | + +## 6.3 PoC charging specific parameters + +### 6.3.1 Definition of the PoC charging information + +#### 6.3.1.0 General + +The PoC Information parameter used for PoC charging is provided in the Service Information parameter. + +#### 6.3.1.1 PoC charging information assignment for Service Information + +The components that are used for PoC charging are provided in the Service Information as described in table 6.3.1.1.1. + +**Table 6.3.1.1.1: Components of the Service Information used for PoC charging** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|---------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Service Information | O M | A set of fields hold the 3GPP specific parameter as defined in TS 32.299 [50]. For MMS Charging the PS Information, IMS Information and PoC Information are used. | +| Subscription Id | O M | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| PS Information | O C | A set of fields hold the PS specific parameters. The details are defined in TS 32.251 [11]. | +| User Location | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.251 [11]. | +| Info | | | +| GGSN Address | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.251 [11]. | +| IMS Information | O C | A set of fields hold the IMS specific parameters. The details are defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| Event Type | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| User Session | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| ID | | | +| Calling Party | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| Address | | | +| Called Party | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| Address | | | +| Time stamp | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| Identifier | | | +| Inter Operator | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| Identifier | | | +| IMS Charging | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| Description | | | +| SDP Session | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| Components | | | +| SDP Media | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| Cause Code | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| PoC Information | O M | A set of fields hold the PoC specific parameters. The details are defined in clause 6.3.1.2. | + +#### 6.3.1.2 Definition of the PoC Information + +PoC specific charging information is provided within the PoC\_Information. The detailed structure of the PoC\_Information can be found in table 6.3.1.2.1. + +**Table 6.3.1.2.1: Structure of the PoC Information** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|-----------------------------|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| PoC Server Role | O M | Identifies the PoC Server as participating or controlling PoC Server. | +| PoC User Role | O C | Identifies the PoC user's role detailed information which should be a list of roles information group. See further details in OMA-AD-POC document [203]. | +| PoC Session Type | O M | Type of the PoC session as defined in appendix C.5.1 in OMA-CP-POC [204]. | +| Number Of Participants | O M | Indicates the number of invited parties of the PoC session when included in the initial charging request message. When included in interim / update charging messages, it indicates the number of parties currently who are attached to the session at the time the interim / update charging messages are sent. | +| List Of Participants | O C | Holds the information for participants, e.g., the addresses, the access priority, the user participating type of the invited parties of the PoC session when included in the initial charging request message. When included in the interim / update charging messages, it holds the addresses and access priority of the parties currently who are attached to the session at the time the interim / update charging messages are sent. | +| Called Party Address | O C | The address (Public User ID, SIP URL, E.164, etc.) of the participants. | +| Participant Access Priority | O C | Indicates the user priority level when participating in the PoC session. | +| User Participating Type | O C | Indicates the participating user type when participating in the PoC session, i.e. Normal, NW PoC Box, UE PoC Box. | +| PoC Session initiation type | O C | Indicates PoC session initiation type. It can be only used for the served parties. | +| PoC Event Type | O C | Indicates PoC session unrelated charging event. | +| List Of Talk Burst-Exchange | O C | Applicable to offline charging only - a list of changes in charging conditions for the PoC session, each change is time stamped. Charging conditions are used to categorize charging, such as per tariff period or based on the number of participants. A set of charging data (number of talk bursts, talk burst bearer volume, sum of talk bursts time) for sent and received talk burst. | +| PoC Controlling Address | O C | Identifies the PoC Server performing the controlling function. This is only included when PoC Server Role indicates "participating". This information may be obtained from the "Contact" header of SIP message received from the controlling PoC function. | +| PoC Group Name | O C | Identifies a pre-arranged group. Included if the session is a pre-arranged group session. This information may be obtained from the "P-Asserted-Identity" header of the SIP message received from the controlling PoC function, or from the "Request-URI" header from the PoC user. | +| PoC Session Id | O C | Uniquely identifies an end-to-end PoC session.
Note that the PoC Session-Id may not be available in the initial charging interactions for the PoC session. | +| Served Party | O M | Applicable to offline charging only – holds the identity of the party that the charging information relates to. | + +### 6.3.2 Formal parameter description + +#### 6.3.2.1 PoC charging information for CDRs + +The detailed definitions, abstract syntax and encoding of the PoC CDR parameters are specified in TS 32.298 [51]. + +#### 6.3.2.2 PoC charging information for charging events + +The detailed charging event parameter definitions are specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +# --- Annex A (informative): Bibliography + +## a) The 3GPP charging specifications + +- 3GPP TS 32.252: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.271: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Location Services (LCS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.273: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.296: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Online Charging System (OCS): Applications and interfaces". +- 3GPP TS 23.125: "Overall high level functionality and architecture impacts of flow based charging; Stage 2". +- 3GPP TS 29.210: "Charging rule provisioning over Gx interface". + +## b) Common 3GPP specifications + +- 3GPP TS 22.101: "Service aspects; Service principles". +- 3GPP TS 22.115: "Service aspects; Charging and billing". +- 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network architecture". +- 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". +- 3GPP TS 27.001: "General on Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for Mobile Stations (MS)". + +## c) other Domain and Service specific 3GPP / OMA / ETSI specifications + +- + +## d) Relevant ITU Recommendations + +- ITU-T Recommendation D.93: "Charging and accounting in the international land mobile telephone service (provided via cellular radio systems)". +- ITU-T Recommendation E.164: "The international public telecommunication numbering plan". +- ITU-T Recommendation Q.767: "Application of the ISDN user part of CCITT signalling system No.7 for international ISDN interconnections". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.25: "Interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) for terminals operating in the packet mode and connected to public data networks by dedicated circuit". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.121: "International numbering plan for public data networks". + +## e) Relevant IETF RFCs + +- IETF RFC 959 (1985): "File Transfer Protocol". +- IETF RFC 3588 (2003): "Diameter Base Protocol". +- IETF RFC 4006 (2005): "Diameter Credit Control Application". +- IETF RFC 2486 (1999): "The Network Access Identifier". +- IETF RFC 3455 (2003): "Private Header (P-Header) Extensions to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for the 3rd-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)". +- IETF RFC 2327 (1998): "SDP: Session Description Protocol". + +## f) Network Management related specifications + +- GSM 12.00: "Objectives and Structure of GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) Management". + +# Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060248 | 0013 | -- | Add charging flow for mid PoC session Procedure | B | 6.4.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060248 | 0014 | -- | Add a new field named PoC_user_role to PoC_Information - Align with OMA PoC 2.0 | B | 6.4.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060516 | 0016 | -- | Clarify the description of Number-Of-Participants in PoC-information | A | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060543 | 0017 | -- | Correction of PoC-Information - Align with 32.299 | C | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060718 | 0018 | - | Add an identifier for the service initiating offline Diameter Accounting | B | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060718 | 0019 | - | Add an identifier for the served user in offline Diameter Accounting | B | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060718 | 0020 | - | Add PoC User Access Priority into PoC-information - Align with OMA-RD-PoC-V2_0 | B | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| Mar 2007 | SA_35 | SP-070041 | 0021 | -- | Add Participant number based charging Trigger Type | C | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | +| Mar 2007 | SA_35 | SP-070041 | 0022 | -- | Add PoC session initiation type into PoC-information - Alignment with OMA PoC Requirements | C | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | SP-070275 | 0023 | - | Add User Participating Type into PoC-information | B | 7.3.0 | 7.4.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | SP-070275 | 0024 | - | Addition of Media Initiator Party. | F | 7.3.0 | 7.4.0 | +| Jun 2008 | SA_40 | SP-080330 | 0025 | - | PoC Information | B | 7.4.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Sep 2008 | SA_41 | SP-081253 | 0026 | -- | Alignment on Bx interface | D | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | SP-080841 | 0028 | - | Correction on Multiple Service Indicator category | A | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | - | 8.2.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | - | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | - | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2013-12 | SA_62 | SP-130676 | 0033 | - | Correction for use of Destination-Host AVP in ACR | A | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 2014-07 | - | - | - | - | Rapporteur/MCC: General editorial changes and clean-up. | - | 11.1.0 | 11.1.1 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32273/0019f09403376d6444ee323591fa2e98_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32273/0019f09403376d6444ee323591fa2e98_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0582df66375a600289f935b6a360a650836dab1b --- 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+|------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 7 | +| 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations ..... | 8 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 8 | +| 3.2 Symbols..... | 10 | +| 3.3 Abbreviations ..... | 10 | +| 4 Architecture considerations..... | 12 | +| 4.1 High level MBMS architecture ..... | 12 | +| 4.2 MBMS offline charging architecture ..... | 12 | +| 4.3 MBMS online charging architecture..... | 12 | +| 5 MBMS charging principles and scenarios ..... | 13 | +| 5.1 MBMS charging principles..... | 13 | +| 5.1.1 General principles for GPRS ..... | 13 | +| 5.1.1A General principles for EPS ..... | 14 | +| 5.1.2 Triggers for generation of charging information ..... | 15 | +| 5.2 MBMS offline charging scenarios ..... | 16 | +| 5.2.1 Basic principles ..... | 16 | +| 5.2.2 Rf message flows..... | 17 | +| 5.2.2.1 Broadcast service ..... | 17 | +| 5.2.2.1.1 User service charging..... | 17 | +| 5.2.2.1.2 Session Start for GPRS ..... | 17 | +| 5.2.2.1.2A Session Start for EPS..... | 18 | +| 5.2.2.1.2B Void..... | 18 | +| 5.2.2.1.3 Session Stop for GPRS..... | 19 | +| 5.2.2.1.3A Session Stop for E-UTRAN..... | 20 | +| 5.2.2.1.3B Void..... | 20 | +| 5.2.2.1.4 BM-SC initiated Registration and Deregistration ..... | 20 | +| 5.2.2.1.5 Session Update for EPS with E-UTRAN and UTRAN ..... | 21 | +| 5.2.2.2 Multicast Service ..... | 22 | +| 5.2.2.2.1 Session Start ..... | 22 | +| 5.2.2.2.2 Session Stop ..... | 23 | +| 5.2.2.2.3 BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration ..... | 24 | +| 5.2.2.2.4 UE Activation..... | 25 | +| 5.2.2.2.5 UE Deactivation ..... | 26 | +| 5.2.3 CDR generation ..... | 27 | +| 5.2.3.1 CDRs related to MBMS subscribers..... | 27 | +| 5.2.3.1.1 Triggers for S-BMSC-CDR charging information collection..... | 27 | +| 5.2.3.1.2 Triggers for S-BMSC-CDR charging information addition ..... | 27 | +| 5.2.3.1.3 Triggers for S-BMSC-CDR closure..... | 27 | +| 5.2.3.2 CDRs related to content provider ..... | 28 | +| 5.2.3.2.1 Triggers for BMSC-CDR charging information collection ..... | 28 | +| 5.2.3.2.2 Triggers for C-BMSC-CDR charging information addition ..... | 28 | +| 5.2.3.2.3 Triggers for C-BMSC-CDR closure ..... | 28 | +| 5.2.4 Ga record transfer flows ..... | 29 | +| 5.2.5 Bmb CDR file transfer..... | 29 | +| 5.3 MBMS online charging scenarios..... | 29 | +| 5.3.1 Basic principles ..... | 29 | +| 5.3.2 Ro message flows..... | 29 | +| 5.3.2.1 Broadcast Service ..... | 29 | +| 5.3.2.1.1 User service charging..... | 29 | +| 5.3.2.1.2 Session Start ..... | 29 | +| 5.3.2.1.3 Session Stop ..... | 29 | +| 5.3.2.1.4 BM-SC initiated Registration and Deregistration ..... | 29 | +| 5.3.2.2 Multicast Service ..... | 30 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 5.3.2.2.1 | Session Start ..... | 30 | +| 5.3.2.2.2 | Session Stop ..... | 31 | +| 5.3.2.2.3 | BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration ..... | 32 | +| 5.3.2.2.4 | UE Activation..... | 33 | +| 5.3.2.2.5 | UE Deactivation ..... | 34 | +| 5.3.3 | Credit-Control related..... | 35 | +| 5.3.3.1 | Triggers for stopping for an MBMS service Credit-Control session..... | 35 | +| 5.3.3.2 | Triggers for providing interim information for a MBMS service Credit-Control session ..... | 35 | +| 6 | Definition of charging information ..... | 36 | +| 6.1 | Data description for MBMS offline charging ..... | 36 | +| 6.1.1 | Rf message contents ..... | 36 | +| 6.1.1.1 | Summary of offline charging message formats ..... | 36 | +| 6.1.1.2 | Structure for the Accounting message formats..... | 36 | +| 6.1.1.2.1 | ACR message ..... | 36 | +| 6.1.1.2.2 | ACA message..... | 37 | +| 6.1.2 | Ga message contents..... | 38 | +| 6.1.3 | CDR description on the Bmb interface ..... | 38 | +| 6.1.3.1 | CDR description for subscriber charging ..... | 38 | +| 6.1.3.2 | CDR description for content provider charging ..... | 39 | +| 6.2 | Data description for MBMS online charging ..... | 40 | +| 6.2.1 | Ro message contents..... | 40 | +| 6.2.1.1 | Summary of message formats..... | 40 | +| 6.2.1.2 | Structure for the Credit-Control message formats ..... | 40 | +| 6.2.1.2.1 | CCR message ..... | 40 | +| 6.2.1.2.2 | CCA message..... | 41 | +| 6.3 | MBMS charging specific parameters..... | 42 | +| 6.3.1 | Definition of the MBMS charging information..... | 42 | +| 6.3.1.0 | General..... | 42 | +| 6.3.1.1 | MBMS charging information assignment for Service Information..... | 42 | +| 6.3.1.2 | Definition of the MBMS Information..... | 42 | +| 6.3.2 | Formal parameter description..... | 43 | +| 6.3.2.1 | MBMS charging information for CDRs ..... | 43 | +| 6.3.2.2 | MBMS charging information for charging events..... | 43 | +| 6.4 | Bindings for MBMS offline charging ..... | 43 | +| Annex A (informative): | Bibliography ..... | 45 | +| Annex B (informative): | Change history..... | 46 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of a series of Technical Specifications (TSs) that specify charging functionality and charging management in GSM/UMTS networks. The GSM/UMTS core network charging architecture and principles are specified in TS 32.240 [1], which provides an umbrella for other charging management TSs that specify: + +- the content of the CDRs per domain / subsystem / service (offline charging); +- the content of real-time charging messages per domain / subsystem / service (online charging); +- the functionality of online and offline charging for those domains / subsystems / services; + - the interfaces that are used in the charging framework to transfer the charging information (i.e. CDRs or charging events). + +The complete document structure for these TSs is defined in TS 32.240 [1]. + +The present document specifies the Offline and Online Charging description for the Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS), based on the functional stage 2 description in TS 23.246 [200]. + +This charging description includes the offline and online charging architecture and scenarios specific to MBMS, as well as the mapping of the common 3GPP charging architecture specified in TS 32.240 [1] onto MBMS. + +It further specifies the structure and content of the CDRs for offline charging, and the charging events for online charging. The present document is related to other 3GPP charging TSs as follows: + +- The common 3GPP charging architecture is specified in TS 32.240 [1]; +- The parameters, abstract syntax and encoding rules for the CDRs are specified in TS 32.298 [51]; +- A transaction based mechanism for the transfer of CDRs within the network is specified in TS 32.295 [54]; + - The file based mechanism used to transfer the CDRs from the network to the operator's billing domain (e.g. the billing system or a mediation device) is specified in TS 32.297 [52]; + - The 3GPP Diameter application that is used for MBMS offline and online charging is specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +All terms, definitions and abbreviations used in the present document, that are common across 3GPP TSs, are defined in the 3GPP Vocabulary, TR 21.905 [100]. Those that are common across charging management in GSM/UMTS domains or subsystems are provided in the umbrella document TS 32.240 [1] and are copied into clause 3 of the present document for ease of reading. Finally, those items that are specific to the present document are defined exclusively in the present document. + +Furthermore, requirements that govern the charging work are specified in TS 22.115 [102]. + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.240: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging architecture and principles". +- [2]- [9] Void. +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.250: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Circuit Switched (CS) domain charging". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.251: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Packet Switched (PS) domain charging". +- [12]-[19] Void. +- [20] 3GPP TS 32.260: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) charging". +- [21]-[29] Void. +- [30] 3GPP TS 32.270: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) charging". +- [31]-[49] Void. +- [50] 3GPP TS 32.299: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Diameter charging application". +- [51] 3GPP TS 32.298: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) parameter description". +- [52] 3GPP TS 32.297: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) file format and transfer". +- [53] Void. +- [54] 3GPP TS 32.295: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) transfer". +- [55]-[99] Void. +- [100] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP specifications". +- [101] Void. +- [102] 3GPP TS 22.115: "Service aspects; Charging and billing". +- [103]-[199] Void. +- [200] 3GPP TS 23.246: "Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS); Architecture and functional description". +- [201] 3GPP TS 22.146: "Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS); Stage 1". + +- [202] 3GPP TS 22.246: "Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) user services; Stage 1". +- [203] 3GPP TS 26.346: "Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS); Protocols and codecs". +- [204] 3GPP TS 29.061: "Interworking between the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) supporting packet based services and Packet Data Networks (PDN)". + +# --- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [100], TS 32.240 [1], TS 23.246 [200] and the following apply: + +**2G- / 3G-:** prefixes 2G- and 3G- refer to functionality that supports only GSM or UMTS, respectively, e.g. 2G-SGSN refers only to the GSM functionality of an SGSN. + +**accounting:** process of apportioning charges between the Home Environment, Serving Network and Subscriber. + +**Advice of Charge (AoC):** real-time display of the network utilization charges incurred by the Mobile Station (MS). The charges are displayed in the form of charging units. If a unit price is stored by the MS then the display may also include the equivalent charge in the home currency. + +**AoC service:** combination of one or more services, both basic and supplementary, together with a number of other charging relevant parameters to define a customized service for the purpose of Advice of Charge (AoC). + +**billing:** function whereby CDRs generated by the charging function(s) are transformed into bills requiring payment. + +**Billing Domain (BD):** part of the operator network, which is outside the core network, that receives and processes CDR files from the core network charging functions. + +It includes functions that can provide billing mediation and billing or other (e.g. statistical) end applications. + +It is only applicable to offline charging (see "Online Charging System" for equivalent functionality in online charging). + +**CDR field categories:** the CDR fields are defined in the present document. CDR fields may be operator provisionable and are divided into the following categories: + +- **Mandatory (M):** field that shall always be present in the CDR. +- **Conditional (C):** field that shall be present in a CDR if certain conditions are met. + - **Operator Provisionable: Mandatory (OM):** field that, if provisioned by the operator, shall always be present in the CDR. + - **Operator Provisionable: Conditional (OC):** field that, if provisioned by the operator, shall be present in a CDR if certain conditions are met. + +**chargeable event:** activity utilizing telecommunications network infrastructure and related services for: + +- user to user communication (e.g. a single call, a data communication session or a short message); or +- user to network communication (e.g. service profile administration); or +- inter-network communication (e.g. transferring calls, signalling, or short messages); or +- mobility (e.g. roaming or inter-system handover); and +- that the network operator may want to charge for. + +**charged party:** user involved in a chargeable event that has to pay parts or the whole charges of the chargeable event, or a third party paying the charges caused by one or all users involved in the chargeable event, or a network operator. + +**charging:** function within the telecommunications network and the associated OCS/BD components whereby information related to a chargeable event is collected, formatted, transferred and evaluated in order to make it possible to determine usage for which the charged party may be billed (offline charging) or the subscribers account balance may be debited (online charging). + +**Charging Data Record (CDR):** formatted collection of information about a chargeable event (e.g. time of call set-up, duration of the call, amount of data transferred, etc.) for use in billing and accounting. + +For each party to be charged for parts of or all charges of a chargeable event a separate CDR shall be generated, i.e. more than one CDR may be generated for a single chargeable event, e.g. because of its long duration, or because more than one charged party is to be charged. + +**charging function:** entity inside the core network domain, subsystem or service that is involved in charging for that domain, subsystem or service + +**Fully Qualified Partial CDR (FQPC):** partial CDR that contains a complete set of the fields specified in the present document. + +This includes all the mandatory and conditional fields as well as those fields that the PLMN operator has provisioned to be included in the CDR. The first Partial CDR is a FQPC. + +**GPRS:** packet switched bearer and radio services for GSM and UMTS systems. + +**GTP':** GPRS protocol used for CDR transport. It is derived from GTP with enhancements to improve transport reliability necessary for CDRs. + +NOTE: This protocol is not used for tunnelling. + +**inter-system change:** change of radio access between different radio access technologies such as GSM and UMTS. + +**middle tier TS:** term used for the 3GPP charging TSs that specify the domain / subsystem / service specific, online and offline, charging functionality. + +These are all the TSs in the numbering range from TS 32.250 to TS 32.27x, e.g. TS 32.250 [10] for the CS domain, or TS 32.270 [30] for the MMS service. Currently, there is only one "tier 1" TS in 3GPP, which is TS 32.240 [1] that specifies the charging architecture and principles. Finally, there are a number of top tier TSs in the 32.29x numbering range ([50] ff) that specify common charging aspects such as parameter definitions, encoding rules, the common billing domain interface or common charging applications. + +**near real time:** near real time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than one (1) minute. + +**offline charging:** charging mechanism where charging information **does not** affect, in real-time, the service rendered. + +**online charging:** charging mechanism where charging information can affect, in real-time, the service rendered and therefore a direct interaction of the charging mechanism with bearer/session/service control is required. + +**Online Charging System (OCS):** the entity that performs real-time Credit-Control. + +Its functionality includes transaction handling, rating, online correlation and management of subscriber account balances. + +**packet switched domain:** domain within GSM / UMTS in which data is transferred in packet switched mode. Corresponds to the term "GPRS". + +**partial CDR:** CDR that provides charging information on part of a subscriber session. + +A long session may be covered by several partial CDRs. Two formats are considered for Partial CDRs. + +One that contains all of the necessary fields; the second has a reduced format. + +**real time:** real time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than one (1) second. + +**Reduced Partial CDR (RPC):** partial CDRs that only provide mandatory fields and information regarding changes in the session parameters relative to the previous CDR. + +EXAMPLE: Location information is not repeated in these CDRs if the subscriber did not change its location. + +**settlement:** payment of amounts resulting from the accounting process. + +**subscriber:** entity (associated with one or more users) that is engaged in a subscription with a service provider. + +The subscriber is allowed to subscribe and unsubscribe services, to register a user or a list of users authorized to enjoy these services, and also to set the limits relative to the use that associated users make of these services. + +**successful call:** connection that reaches the communication or data transfer phase e.g. the "answered" state for speech connections. + +All other connection attempts are regarded as unsuccessful. + +**tariff period:** part of one (calendar) day during which a particular tariff is applied. + +Defined by the time at which the period commences (the switch-over time) and the tariff to be applied after switch-over. + +**tariff:** set of parameters defining the network utilization charges for the use of a particular bearer / session / service. + +## 3.2 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Bmb | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the MBMS CGF to the BD | +| Bo | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the OCF CGF to the BD | +| Bp | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the GPRS CGF to the BD | +| Bx | Reference point between any (generic) 3GPP domain, subsystem or service CGF and the BD | +| Ga | Reference point for CDR transfer between a CDF and the CGF | +| Gi | Interface between the Packet-Switched domain and an external packet data network | +| Gn | Interface between two GSNs within the same PLMN | +| Gp | Interface between two GSNs in different PLMNs | +| kbit/s | Kilobits per second. $1 \text{ kbit/s} = 2^{10} \text{ bits per second}$ | +| Mbit/s | Megabits per second. $1 \text{ Mbit/s} = 2^{20} \text{ bits per second}$ | +| Rf | Offline charging reference point between a BM-SC and the CDF | +| Ro | Online charging reference point between a BM-SC and the OCS | + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations defined in TR 21.905 [50], TS 32.240 [1], TS 23.246 [200] and the following apply: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------| +| ABNF | Augmented Backus-Naur Form | +| ACA | ACcounting-Answer | +| ACR | ACcounting-Request | +| AF | Application Function | +| AMF | Account balance Management Function | +| AoC | Advice of Charge | +| AVP | Attribute Value Pair | +| BCF | Bearer Charging Function | +| BCSM | Basic Call State Model | +| BD | Billing Domain | +| BMD | Billing Mediation Device | +| BM-SC | Broadcast Multicast - Service Centre | +| BS | Billing System | +| CAI | Charge Advice Information | +| CCA | Credit-Control-Answer | +| CCR | Credit-Control-Request | +| CDF | Charging Data Function | +| CDR | Charging Data Record | +| CG | Charging Gateway | +| CGF | Charging Gateway Function | +| CSE | CAMEL Service Environment | +| CTF | Charging Trigger Function | +| DRP | Data Record Packet | +| ECF | Event Charging Function | +| ECUR | Event Charging with Unit Reservation | +| EDP | Event Detection Point | +| EPS | Evolved Packet System | +| FCI | Furnish Charging Information | +| FQPC | Fully Qualified Partial CDR | +| FTAM | File Transfer, Access and Management | + +| | | +|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| GTP' | The GPRS protocol used for CDR transport. It is derived from GTP with enhancements to improve transport reliability necessary for CDRs | +| IEC | Immediate Event Charging | +| IHOSS:OSP | Internet Hosted Octet Stream Service: Octet Stream Protocol | +| MBMS GW | Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service Gateway | +| M-CDR | Mobility management generated - Charging Data Record | +| MME | Mobility Management Entity | +| OAM&P | Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning | +| OCS | Online Charging System | +| PT | Protocol Type (Field in GTP' header) | +| RF | Rating Function | +| RPC | Reduced Partial CDR | +| SCI | Subscriber Controlled Input | +| SCI | Send Charging Information | +| SCUR | Session Charging with Unit Reservation | +| TAP | Transferred Account Procedure | +| TDP | Trigger Detection Point | +| TID | Tunnel Identifier | +| TLV | Type, Length, Value (GTP header format) | +| TMGI | Temporary Mobile Group Identifier | +| TV | Type, Value | +| VAS | Value Added Service | +| VASP | Value Added Service Provider | + +# 4 Architecture considerations + +## 4.1 High level MBMS architecture + +The high level MBMS architecture is as defined in TS 23.246 [200]. + +The following clauses detail only service level charging. MBMS related aspects of bearer level charging are defined in TS 32.251 [11]. + +## 4.2 MBMS offline charging architecture + +Figure 4.2.1 depicts the MBMS offline charging architecture. As defined in TS 32.240 [1], the BM-SC contains an integrated CTF that generates charging events that are passed to the CDF via the Rf reference point. + +![Diagram of MBMS offline charging architecture showing BM-SC, CDF, CGF, and Billing Domain components and their interfaces.](fbfa653853daf5541118a9ddecb92284_img.jpg) + +``` +graph LR; BM-SC[BM-SC] -- Rf --> CDF[CDF]; CDF -- Ga --> CGF[CGF]; CGF -- Bmb --> BD[Billing Domain]; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the MBMS offline charging architecture. It consists of four main components: BM-SC, CDF, CGF, and Billing Domain. The BM-SC is connected to the CDF via the Rf reference point. The CDF is connected to the CGF via the Ga reference point. The CGF is connected to the Billing Domain via the Bmb reference point. + +Diagram of MBMS offline charging architecture showing BM-SC, CDF, CGF, and Billing Domain components and their interfaces. + +Figure 4.2.1: Charging architecture for MBMS offline charging + +## 4.3 MBMS online charging architecture + +Figure 4.3.1 depicts the MBMS online charging architecture. + +![Diagram of MBMS online charging architecture showing BM-SC and OCS components and their interface.](0019f09403376d6444ee323591fa2e98_img.jpg) + +``` +graph LR; BM-SC[BM-SC] -- R_o --> OCS[OCS]; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the MBMS online charging architecture. It consists of two main components: BM-SC and OCS. The BM-SC is connected to the OCS via the R\_o reference point. + +Diagram of MBMS online charging architecture showing BM-SC and OCS components and their interface. + +Figure 4.3.1: Charging architecture for MBMS online charging + +For online charging, the BM-SC utilizes the R\_o interface and the protocol and application towards the OCS is as specified in TS 32.299 [50] and the present document. + +# 5 MBMS charging principles and scenarios + +## 5.1 MBMS charging principles + +### 5.1.1 General principles for GPRS + +A Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service consists of an MBMS user service, as defined in TS 22.246 [202] and TS 26.346 [203], that is delivered over one or more MBMS Bearer Services, as defined in TS 22.146 [201] and TS 23.246 [200]. + +NOTE: MBMS Bearer Service is referred in TS 22.246 [202] as MBMS transport service. + +The BM-SC shall collect charging information for mobile subscribers receiving services through MBMS and/or for content providers delivering content through MBMS. Transactions involving the content provider (or VASP) shall be possible. + +The BM-SC collects charging related information, such as: + +- Identification of the source of content; +- Type of user service (streaming, download or carousel); +- Type of bearer service used to deliver content (broadcast or multicast); +- Identification of subscribers receiving service; +- Delivery notification from individual subscribers. + +NOTE: Carousel services are not considered in the present document in the current 3GPP release. + +Table 5.1.1.1 shows the parties to be charged for the different MBMS Bearer Services used as identified by TS 22.246 [202] and TS 22.146 [201]. + +**Table 5.1.1.1: Charging requirements for service delivery** + +| Service Aspects | MBMS Bearer Service used | | +|----------------------------|----------------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| | Multicast (one or more) | Broadcast (one or more) | +| User Service (Content) | Receiving subscriber | Receiving subscriber | +| Bearer Service (Transport) | Content provider and/or receiving subscriber | Content provider | + +The user service, as shown in table 5.1.1.1, shall be charged either by subscription (out of scope of the present document) or as a one time event charge (e.g. key management). Charging associated with the user service may be treated independently from charging associated with the transport of the user service. + +Charging for the bearer service may be based on the session information (e.g. QoS, media type, and service area) and one of the following, as described in TS 22.146 [201]: + +- Session duration (time from the MBMS Session Start procedure to MBMS Session Stop procedure as defined in TS 23.246 [200]); +- Volume of data of a session; + - Duration of time whilst a subscriber is registered to receive a user service (or from Join to Leave); +- Volume of data transferred whilst a subscriber is registered to receive a user service (from Join to Leave). + +Table 5.1.1.2 shows the applicability of the accounting measurements to the different bearer services used. + +**Table 5.1.1.2: Applicability of accounting measurements** + +| Accounting measurement | Applicable to (Yes / No) | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------| +| | Broadcast Service | Multicast Service | +| Session Duration | Yes | Yes | +| Volume of data of a session | Yes | Yes | +| Duration of time whilst a subscriber is registered to receive a session | No | Yes | +| Volume of data transferred whilst a subscriber is registered to receive a session | No | Yes | + +### 5.1.1A General principles for EPS + +The BM-SC shall collect charging information for mobile subscribers receiving services through MBMS and/or for content providers delivering content through MBMS. Transactions involving the content provider (or VASP) shall be possible. + +NOTE: General principles are dependant on 3GPP WG SA2 work in TS 23.246 [200]. + +The BM-SC collects charging related information, such as: + +- Identification of the source of content; +- Type of user service (streaming, download or carousel); +- Type of bearer service used to deliver content (broadcast or enhanced broadcast). + +NOTE: Carousel services are not considered in the present document in the current 3GPP release. + +Table 5.1.1A.1 shows the parties to be charged for the different MBMS Bearer Services used as identified by TS 22.246 [202] and TS 22.146 [201]. + +**Table 5.1.1A.1: Charging requirements for service delivery** + +| Service Aspects | MBMS Bearer Service used | | +|----------------------------|----------------------------------|-------------------------| +| | Enhanced Broadcast (one or more) | Broadcast (one or more) | +| User Service (Content) | Receiving subscriber | Receiving subscriber | +| Bearer Service (Transport) | Content provider | Content provider | + +The user service, as shown in table 5.1.1A.1, shall be charged either by subscription (out of scope of the present document) or as a one time event charge (e.g. key management). Charging associated with the user service may be treated independently from charging associated with the transport of the user service. + +Charging for the bearer service may be based on the session information (e.g. QoS, media type, and service area) and one of the following, as described in TS 22.146 [201]: + +- Session duration (time from the MBMS Session Start procedure to MBMS Session Stop procedure as defined in TS 23.246 [200]). +- Data transfer time (from "MBMS data transfer start" to "MBMS data transfer stop" as defined in TS 23.246 [200]); +- Volume of data of a session. + +Table 5.1.1A.2 shows the applicability of the accounting measurements to the different bearer services used. + +**Table 5.1.1A.2: Applicability of accounting measurements** + +| Accounting measurement | Applicable to (Yes / No) | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------------| +| | Broadcast Service | Enhanced Broadcast Service | +| Session Duration | Yes | Yes | +| Data Transfer Time | Yes | Yes | +| Volume of data of a session | Yes | Yes | +| Duration of time whilst a subscriber is registered to receive a session | No | No | +| Volume of data transferred whilst a subscriber is registered to receive a session | No | No | + +### 5.1.2 Triggers for generation of charging information + +- Bearer service initiation/termination. +- Key management. + +## 5.2 MBMS offline charging scenarios + +### 5.2.1 Basic principles + +As described in clause 5.1, charging may be based on events (such as key management) or based on MBMS sessions. However, as large numbers of users are expected to use services delivered using MBMS, generation of charging information should be performed in a manner that ensures the charging entities and billing domain are not overloaded. + +Charging information shall be generated for subscribers and/or for content providers. + +This reporting is achieved by sending Diameter Accounting Requests (ACR)[Start, Interim, Stop and Event] from the BM-SC to the CDF. + +The Diameter client (BM-SC) uses ACR[Start, Interim and Stop] in procedures related to both subscriber and content provider charging. + +In table 5.2.1.1, table 5.2.1.2 and table 5.2.1.3, the terms "configurable" implies that operators may enable or disable the generation of an ACR message by the MBMS node in response to a particular trigger. + +**Table 5.2.1.1: ACR messages for subscriber charging for GPRS** + +| Diameter Message | Trigger | Mandatory/Configurable | +|------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------| +| ACR[Start] | Authorization of UE to MBMS Bearer Service (for multicast only) | Mandatory | +| | Reception of first Session Start Response from any GGSN (for broadcast only) | Configurable | +| ACR[Interim] | Authorization of MBMS UE context activation (for multicast only) | Configurable | +| | Reception of first Session Start Response from any GGSN (for multicast only) | Configurable | +| | Reception of first Session Stop Response from any GGSN (for multicast only) | Configurable | +| | Expiration of AVP [Acct-Interim-Interval] | Configurable | +| | Reception of MBMS UE context modification | Configurable | +| ACR[Stop] | Reception of Leave Indication from UE (for multicast only) | Mandatory | +| | Reception of first Session Stop Response from any GGSN (for broadcast only) | Configurable | +| | Implementation dependent for termination of MBMS User Service | Configurable | +| ACR[Event] | Implementation dependent for MBMS User Service charging | Configurable | + +**Table 5.2.1.2: ACR messages for content provider charging for GPRS** + +| Diameter Message | Trigger | Mandatory/Configurable | +|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------| +| ACR[Start] | First Session Start Response from any GGSN | Mandatory | +| ACR[Interim] | Registration or Deregistration Request received from any GGSN | Configurable | +| | Deregistration Response received from any GGSN | Configurable | +| | Expiration of AVP [Acct-Interim-Interval] | Configurable | +| ACR[Stop] | First Session Stop Response from any GGSN | Mandatory | + +**Table 5.2.1.3: ACR messages for content provider charging for EPS** + +| Diameter Message | Trigger | Mandatory/Configurable | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------|------------------------| +| ACR[Start] | First Session Start Response from any MBMS GW. | Mandatory | +| ACR[Interim] | Deregistration Response received from any MBMS GW. | Configurable | +| | Expiration of AVP [Acct-Interim-Interval] | Configurable | +| ACR[Stop] | First Session Stop Response from any MBMS GW. | Mandatory | + +### 5.2.2 Rf message flows + +#### 5.2.2.1 Broadcast service + +##### 5.2.2.1.1 User service charging + +An MBMS user service that is delivered using a broadcast bearer may be Event charged or Session charged. As there is no 3GPP specified signalling for a UE to activate or deactivate the Broadcast Service, it is MBMS user service dependent (e.g. key management) when the ACR is triggered. The Event based and Session based offline charging flows are as defined in TS 32.299 [50]. + +##### 5.2.2.1.2 Session Start for GPRS + +Where charging for the content provider is applied for GPRS, the procedure in figure 5.2.2.1.2.1 applies. + +![Sequence diagram showing Rf interaction during Broadcast Session Start Procedure for a broadcast bearer. Lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, CDF. The sequence starts with the BM-SC sending a '1. Session Start Request' to the GGSN. The GGSN responds with '1. Session Start Response'. The BM-SC then sends '2a. ACR[Start]' to the CDF. Simultaneously, the BM-SC sends '2b. MBMS Session Start Request' to the SGSN, which in turn sends '2b. MBMS Session Start Response' to the GGSN. The GGSN then sends a response to the BM-SC. There are three vertical dots between the second and third messages from the GGSN, indicating parallel processing.](29f586959675cafdf81cf934954908eb_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant CDF + Note right of GGSN: 1. Session Start Request + GGSN->>BM-SC: 1. Session Start Response + Note right of BM-SC: 2a. ACR[Start] + BM-SC->>CDF: 2a. ACR[Start] + Note right of BM-SC: 2b. MBMS Session Start Request + BM-SC->>SGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Start Request + Note right of SGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Start Response + SGSN->>GGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Start Response + Note right of GGSN: . + Note right of GGSN: . + Note right of GGSN: . + GGSN->>BM-SC: Response +``` + +Sequence diagram showing Rf interaction during Broadcast Session Start Procedure for a broadcast bearer. Lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, CDF. The sequence starts with the BM-SC sending a '1. Session Start Request' to the GGSN. The GGSN responds with '1. Session Start Response'. The BM-SC then sends '2a. ACR[Start]' to the CDF. Simultaneously, the BM-SC sends '2b. MBMS Session Start Request' to the SGSN, which in turn sends '2b. MBMS Session Start Response' to the GGSN. The GGSN then sends a response to the BM-SC. There are three vertical dots between the second and third messages from the GGSN, indicating parallel processing. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.2.1: Rf interaction during Broadcast Session Start Procedure for a broadcast bearer** + +- 1) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Session Start procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. +- 2a) On receiving the first MBMS Session Start Response from any GGSN, the BM-SC sends an ACR. +- 2b) The remainder of the MBMS Session Start procedure may occur in parallel with the ACR procedure in 2a). + +The full details of the MBMS Session Start procedure for the broadcast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.2.2.1.2A Session Start for EPS + +Figure 5.2.2.1.2A.1 shows the charging interaction for EPS during the MBMS Session Start procedure for a broadcast bearer. + +![Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction for EPS during the MBMS Session Start procedure for a broadcast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, MME/SGSN, MBMS GW, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. Session Start Request from BM-SC to MBMS GW; 2. Session Start Response from MBMS GW to BM-SC; 3. Accounting Request (Start) from BM-SC to CDF; 4. Accounting Answer from CDF to BM-SC; 5. Session Start Request from BM-SC to MME/SGSN; 6. Session Start Response from MME/SGSN to MBMS GW. Vertical ellipsis between steps 6 and 7 indicates further messages.](9cd90f495b95ad2116ff780248c26d95_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant BM-SC + participant MBMS_GW as MBMS GW + participant CDF + participant MME_SGSN as MME/SGSN + Note right of MBMS_GW: ... + BM-SC->>MBMS_GW: 1. Session Start Request + MBMS_GW-->>BM-SC: 2. Session Start Response + BM-SC->>CDF: 3. Accounting Request (Start) + CDF-->>BM-SC: 4. Accounting Answer + BM-SC->>MME_SGSN: 5. Session Start Request + MME_SGSN-->>MBMS_GW: 6. Session Start Response +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction for EPS during the MBMS Session Start procedure for a broadcast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, MME/SGSN, MBMS GW, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. Session Start Request from BM-SC to MBMS GW; 2. Session Start Response from MBMS GW to BM-SC; 3. Accounting Request (Start) from BM-SC to CDF; 4. Accounting Answer from CDF to BM-SC; 5. Session Start Request from BM-SC to MME/SGSN; 6. Session Start Response from MME/SGSN to MBMS GW. Vertical ellipsis between steps 6 and 7 indicates further messages. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.2A.1: Rf interaction during Broadcast Session Start Procedure for a broadcast bearer** + +- 1-2) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Session Start procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. +- 3-4) On receiving the first MBMS Session Start Response from any MBMS GW, the BM-SC sends an ACR. +- 5-6) The remainder of the MBMS Session Start procedure may occur in parallel with the ACR procedure in 3-4). + +The full details of the MBMS Session Start procedure for the broadcast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.2.2.1.2B Void + +##### 5.2.2.1.3 Session Stop for GPRS + +Figure 5.2.2.1.3.1 shows the charging interaction for GPRS during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a broadcast bearer. + +![Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction for GPRS during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a broadcast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. BM-SC sends a Session Stop Request to GGSN; 2. GGSN sends a Session Stop Response to BM-SC; 3. BM-SC sends an ACR[Stop] to CDF; 4. BM-SC sends an MBMS Session Stop Request to SGSN; 5. SGSN sends an MBMS Session Stop Response to GGSN. The process then continues with vertical ellipsis indicating further steps.](898fb89a50d9ec1dfb4e425c816976a7_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant CDF + Note left of UE: + BM-SC->>GGSN: 1. Session Stop Request + GGSN-->>BM-SC: 1. Session Stop Response + BM-SC->>CDF: 2a. ACR[Stop] + BM-SC->>SGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Stop Request + SGSN-->>GGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Stop Response + Note left of SGSN: + Note left of SGSN: + Note left of SGSN: + Note left of SGSN: +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction for GPRS during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a broadcast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. BM-SC sends a Session Stop Request to GGSN; 2. GGSN sends a Session Stop Response to BM-SC; 3. BM-SC sends an ACR[Stop] to CDF; 4. BM-SC sends an MBMS Session Stop Request to SGSN; 5. SGSN sends an MBMS Session Stop Response to GGSN. The process then continues with vertical ellipsis indicating further steps. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.3.1: Rf interaction during MBMS Session Stop procedure for a broadcast bearer** + +- 1) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Session Stop procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. +- 2a) On receiving a Session Stop Response from any GGSN, the BM-SC sends a ACR. +- 2b) The remainder of the MBMS Session Stop procedure occurs in parallel with the ACR procedure in 2a). + +The full details of the MBMS Session Stop procedure for the broadcast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.2.2.1.3A Session Stop for E-UTRAN + +Figure 5.2.2.1.3A.1 shows the charging interaction for EPS during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a broadcast bearer. + +![Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction for EPS during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a broadcast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, MME/SGSN, MBMS GW, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. Session Stop Request from BM-SC to MBMS GW; 2. Session Stop Response from MBMS GW to BM-SC; 3. Accounting Request (Stop) from BM-SC to CDF; 4. Accounting Answer from CDF to BM-SC; 5. Session Stop Request from MBMS GW to MME/SGSN; 6. Session Stop Response from MME/SGSN to MBMS GW. Vertical ellipsis between steps 6 and 7 indicates further messages.](3da1a07cb87051bf616c9876db958cf0_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant MME/SGSN + participant MBMS_GW as MBMS GW + participant BM-SC + participant CDF + Note right of MBMS_GW: 1. Session Stop Request + MBMS_GW->>BM-SC: 1. Session Stop Request + Note right of BM-SC: 2. Session Stop Response + BM-SC->>MBMS_GW: 2. Session Stop Response + Note right of BM-SC: 3. Accounting Request (Stop) + BM-SC->>CDF: 3. Accounting Request (Stop) + Note right of CDF: 4. Accounting Answer + CDF->>BM-SC: 4. Accounting Answer + Note right of MBMS_GW: 5. Session Stop Request + MBMS_GW->>MME/SGSN: 5. Session Stop Request + Note right of MME/SGSN: 6. Session Stop Response + MME/SGSN->>MBMS_GW: 6. Session Stop Response + Note right of MBMS_GW: ... +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction for EPS during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a broadcast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, MME/SGSN, MBMS GW, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. Session Stop Request from BM-SC to MBMS GW; 2. Session Stop Response from MBMS GW to BM-SC; 3. Accounting Request (Stop) from BM-SC to CDF; 4. Accounting Answer from CDF to BM-SC; 5. Session Stop Request from MBMS GW to MME/SGSN; 6. Session Stop Response from MME/SGSN to MBMS GW. Vertical ellipsis between steps 6 and 7 indicates further messages. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.3A.1: Rf interaction during MBMS Session Stop procedure for a broadcast bearer** + +- 1-2) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Session Stop procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. +- 3-4) On receiving the first MBMS Session Stop Response from any MBMS GW, the BM-SC sends an ACR. +- 5-6) The remainder of the MBMS Session Stop procedure may occur in parallel with the ACR procedure in 3-4). + +The full details of the MBMS Session Stop procedure for the broadcast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.2.2.1.3B Void + +##### 5.2.2.1.4 BM-SC initiated Registration and Deregistration + +BM-SC initiated Registration and Deregistration are handled through OAM&P towards the GGSNs (and subsequent nodes) and therefore Rf interactions (ACR[Start] and ACR[Stop] respectively) may be triggered when the Registration and De-registration is triggered through OAM&P. These Rf interactions should only occur for sessions that have already started. + +##### 5.2.2.1.5 Session Update for EPS with E-UTRAN and UTRAN + +Figure 5.2.2.1.5.1 shows the charging interaction for EPS during the MBMS Session Update procedure for a broadcast bearer + +![Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction for EPS during the MBMS Session Update procedure for a broadcast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, MME/SGSN, MBMS GW, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. Session Update Request (BM-SC to MBMS GW), 2. Session Update Response (MBMS GW to BM-SC), 3. Accounting Request (Interim) (BM-SC to CDF), 4. Accounting Answer (CDF to BM-SC), 5. Session Update Request (MBMS GW to MME/SGSN), 6. Session Update Response (MME/SGSN to MBMS GW). Vertical ellipsis between steps 6 and 7 indicates further messages.](a24e89a6fe9bb70c83f8bf5202baba95_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant MME/SGSN + participant MBMS GW + participant BM-SC + participant CDF + Note right of MBMS GW: 1. Session Update Request + MBMS GW->>BM-SC: 1. Session Update Request + Note right of BM-SC: 2. Session Update Response + BM-SC->>MBMS GW: 2. Session Update Response + Note right of BM-SC: 3. Accounting Request (Interim) + BM-SC->>CDF: 3. Accounting Request (Interim) + Note right of CDF: 4. Accounting Answer + CDF->>BM-SC: 4. Accounting Answer + Note right of MBMS GW: 5. Session Update Request + MBMS GW->>MME/SGSN: 5. Session Update Request + Note right of MME/SGSN: 6. Session Update Response + MME/SGSN->>MBMS GW: 6. Session Update Response + Note right of MBMS GW: ... +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction for EPS during the MBMS Session Update procedure for a broadcast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, MME/SGSN, MBMS GW, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. Session Update Request (BM-SC to MBMS GW), 2. Session Update Response (MBMS GW to BM-SC), 3. Accounting Request (Interim) (BM-SC to CDF), 4. Accounting Answer (CDF to BM-SC), 5. Session Update Request (MBMS GW to MME/SGSN), 6. Session Update Response (MME/SGSN to MBMS GW). Vertical ellipsis between steps 6 and 7 indicates further messages. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.5.1: Rf interaction during Broadcast Session Update Procedure for a broadcast bearer** + +1-2) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Session Update procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +3-4) On receiving the first MBMS Session Update Response from any MBMS GW, the BM-SC sends an ACR. + +5-6) The remainder of the MBMS Session Update procedure may occur in parallel with the ACR procedure in 3-4). + +The full details of the MBMS Session Update procedure for the broadcast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +#### 5.2.2.2 Multicast Service + +##### 5.2.2.2.1 Session Start + +Figure 5.2.2.2.1.1 shows the charging interaction during the MBMS Session Start procedure for a multicast bearer. + +![Sequence diagram showing Rf interaction during MBMS Session Start procedure for a multicast bearer. Lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, CDF. The sequence starts with BM-SC sending a Session Start Request to GGSN, which responds with a Session Start Response. BM-SC then sends an ACR to CDF. Simultaneously, BM-SC sends an MBMS Session Start Request to SGSN, which responds with an MBMS Session Start Response to GGSN. Vertical ellipsis indicates further steps.](5793a44ffdadd039928e2f9fe6daae06_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant CDF + Note left of UE: + BM-SC->>GGSN: 1. Session Start Request + GGSN-->>BM-SC: 1. Session Start Response + BM-SC->>CDF: 2a. ACR + BM-SC->>SGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Start Request + SGSN-->>GGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Start Response + Note right of GGSN: + GGSN->>SGSN: . + SGSN-->>GGSN: . + GGSN->>SGSN: . +``` + +Sequence diagram showing Rf interaction during MBMS Session Start procedure for a multicast bearer. Lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, CDF. The sequence starts with BM-SC sending a Session Start Request to GGSN, which responds with a Session Start Response. BM-SC then sends an ACR to CDF. Simultaneously, BM-SC sends an MBMS Session Start Request to SGSN, which responds with an MBMS Session Start Response to GGSN. Vertical ellipsis indicates further steps. + +**Figure 5.2.2.2.1.1: Rf interaction during MBMS Session Start procedure for a multicast bearer** + +- 1) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Session Start procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. +- 2a) On receiving the first Session Start Response from any GGSN, the BM-SC sends an ACR. The accounting request may be for subscriber and/or content provider charging. For subscriber charging, the ACR shall be "Interim". For content provider charging, the ACR shall be "Start". It shall be possible to send one ACR message for multiple subscribers of the same Multicast Service, but the procedure in the BM-SC to group subscribers is implementation dependent. +- 2b) The remainder of the MBMS Session Start procedure occurs in parallel with the ACR procedure in 2a. + +The full details of the MBMS Session Start procedure for the multicast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.2.2.2.2 Session Stop + +Figure 5.2.2.2.2.1 shows the charging interaction during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a multicast bearer. + +![Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a multicast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. Session Stop Request from BM-SC to GGSN; 1. Session Stop Response from GGSN to BM-SC; 2a. ACR from BM-SC to CDF; 2b. MBMS Session Stop Request from GGSN to SGSN; 2a. ACA from CDF to BM-SC; 2b. MBMS Session Stop Response from SGSN to GGSN. Below the SGSN lifeline, there are three vertical dots indicating further steps in the procedure.](d9c0a780cd22626253dab4aa41699e2f_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant CDF + Note right of GGSN: 1. Session Stop Request + GGSN->>BM-SC: 1. Session Stop Request + Note right of BM-SC: 1. Session Stop Response + BM-SC->>GGSN: 1. Session Stop Response + Note right of BM-SC: 2a. ACR + BM-SC->>CDF: 2a. ACR + Note right of GGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Stop Request + GGSN->>SGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Stop Request + Note right of CDF: 2a. ACA + CDF->>BM-SC: 2a. ACA + Note right of SGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Stop Response + SGSN->>GGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Stop Response + Note right of SGSN: . + Note right of SGSN: . + Note right of SGSN: . +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a multicast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. Session Stop Request from BM-SC to GGSN; 1. Session Stop Response from GGSN to BM-SC; 2a. ACR from BM-SC to CDF; 2b. MBMS Session Stop Request from GGSN to SGSN; 2a. ACA from CDF to BM-SC; 2b. MBMS Session Stop Response from SGSN to GGSN. Below the SGSN lifeline, there are three vertical dots indicating further steps in the procedure. + +**Figure 5.2.2.2.2.1: Rf interaction during MBMS Session Stop procedure for a multicast bearer** + +- 1) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Session Stop procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. +- 2a) On receiving the first Session Stop Response from any GGSN, the BM-SC sends a ACR. +For subscriber charging, the ACR shall be ACR[Interim] and it shall be possible to send one ACR message for multiple or all subscribers of the same Multicast Service, that are still active, and is implementation and service dependent. +For content provider charging, the ACR shall be ACR[Stop]. +- 2b) The remainder of the MBMS Session Stop procedure occurs in parallel with the ACR procedure in 2a). + +The full details of the Session Stop procedure for the multicast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.2.2.2.3 BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration + +Figure 5.2.2.2.3.1 shows the charging interaction during the BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration procedure for a multicast bearer for an already started session. + +![Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction during BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration procedure for a multicast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. BM-SC sends MBMS Deregistration Request to GGSN; 2. GGSN sends MBMS Deregistration Response to BM-SC; 3. BM-SC sends ACR to CDF; 4. BM-SC sends MBMS Deregistration Request to SGSN; 5. SGSN sends MBMS Deregistration Response to GGSN. There are three vertical dots between steps 5 and 6, indicating further steps in the procedure.](7e1c9b51e067a48cd0fcc9748d8bd8d8_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant CDF + Note right of GGSN: 1. MBMS Deregistration Request + GGSN->>BM-SC: 1. MBMS Deregistration Response + Note right of BM-SC: 2a. ACR + BM-SC->>CDF: 2a. ACR + Note right of BM-SC: 2b. MBMS Deregistration Request + BM-SC->>SGSN: 2b. MBMS Deregistration Request + Note right of SGSN: 2b. MBMS Deregistration Response + SGSN->>GGSN: 2b. MBMS Deregistration Response + Note right of GGSN: . + Note right of GGSN: . + Note right of GGSN: . +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction during BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration procedure for a multicast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. BM-SC sends MBMS Deregistration Request to GGSN; 2. GGSN sends MBMS Deregistration Response to BM-SC; 3. BM-SC sends ACR to CDF; 4. BM-SC sends MBMS Deregistration Request to SGSN; 5. SGSN sends MBMS Deregistration Response to GGSN. There are three vertical dots between steps 5 and 6, indicating further steps in the procedure. + +**Figure 5.2.2.2.3.1: Rf interaction during BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration procedure for a multicast bearer** + +- 1) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Deregistration procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. The BM-SC sends a De-registration Request message to all GGSNs contained in the "list of downstream nodes" parameter of the corresponding MBMS Bearer Context to indicate the session is terminated. +- 2a) On receiving an MBMS Deregistration Response from the GGSN, the BM-SC sends an ACR[Stop]. +- 2b) The remainder of the MBMS Deregistration procedure occurs in parallel with the ACR procedure in 2a. + +The full details of the MBMS Deregistration procedure for the multicast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.2.2.2.4 UE Activation + +Figure 5.2.2.2.4.1 should apply to subscriber's that activate the Multicast Service. + +![Sequence diagram showing Rf interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Activation procedure for a multicast bearer. Lifelines: UE, RAN, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, CDF. The sequence includes steps like PDP Context Activation, IGMP Join, MBMS Authorization Request, and various notifications and responses between the network elements.](a0739aaf13fa5a632d4faa830f6b2708_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant RAN + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant CDF + + Note left of UE: + UE->>GGSN: 1. PDP Context Activation + Note left of UE: + UE->>GGSN: 2. IGMP Join + Note left of GGSN: + GGSN->>BM-SC: 3. MBMS Authorization Request + Note left of BM-SC: + BM-SC->>CDF: 4. ACR[Start] + Note left of CDF: + CDF->>BM-SC: 5. ACA + Note left of BM-SC: + BM-SC->>GGSN: 6. MBMS Authorization Response + Note left of GGSN: + GGSN->>SGSN: 7a. MBMS Notification Request + Note left of SGSN: + SGSN->>GGSN: 7b. MBMS Notification Response + Note left of GGSN: + GGSN->>UE: 8. Request MBMS Context + Note left of UE: + UE->>SGSN: 9. Activation MBMS Context Request + Note left of SGSN: + SGSN->>GGSN: 10. Create MBMS Context Request + Note left of GGSN: + GGSN->>BM-SC: 11. MBMS Authorization Request + Note left of BM-SC: + BM-SC->>GGSN: 11. MBMS Authorization Response + Note left of GGSN: + GGSN->>BM-SC: 12. MBMS Registration Request + Note left of BM-SC: + BM-SC->>GGSN: 12. MBMS Registration Response + Note left of GGSN: + GGSN->>SGSN: 13. Create MBMS Context Response + Note left of SGSN: + SGSN->>UE: 14. Activate MBMS Context Accept +``` + +Sequence diagram showing Rf interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Activation procedure for a multicast bearer. Lifelines: UE, RAN, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, CDF. The sequence includes steps like PDP Context Activation, IGMP Join, MBMS Authorization Request, and various notifications and responses between the network elements. + +**Figure 5.2.2.2.4.1: Rf interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Activation procedure for a multicast bearer** + +Full details of the activation procedure are described in the MBMS Multicast Service Activation procedure in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.2.2.2.5 UE Deactivation + +Figure 5.2.2.2.5.1 should only apply to subscriber's that deactivate the Multicast Service before the session has stopped, i.e. before the MBMS Session Stop procedure is invoked. + +![Sequence diagram showing the Rf interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Deactivation procedure for a multicast bearer. The diagram involves six lifelines: UE, RAN, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. IGMP Leave (UE to GGSN); 2. Leave Indication (GGSN to BM-SC); 2. ACR[Stop] (BM-SC to CDF); 2. ACA (CDF to BM-SC); 3. UE Removal Request (BM-SC to GGSN); 4. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Request (GGSN to SGSN); 4. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Response (SGSN to GGSN); 5. Deactivate MBMS Context Request (GGSN to UE); 6. Deactivate MBMS Context Response (UE to GGSN); 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Request (GGSN to RAN); 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Response (RAN to GGSN); 8. RAN Resource Release (RAN to UE, dashed box).](e821c3d8a87ee2a9ff6b8644ffe6bdae_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant RAN + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant CDF + + Note left of UE: 1. IGMP Leave + UE->>GGSN: 1. IGMP Leave + Note right of GGSN: 2. Leave Indication + GGSN->>BM-SC: 2. Leave Indication + Note right of BM-SC: 2. ACR[Stop] + BM-SC->>CDF: 2. ACR[Stop] + Note right of CDF: 2. ACA + CDF->>BM-SC: 2. ACA + Note right of BM-SC: 3. UE Removal Request + BM-SC->>GGSN: 3. UE Removal Request + Note right of GGSN: 4. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Request + GGSN->>SGSN: 4. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Request + Note right of SGSN: 4. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Response + SGSN->>GGSN: 4. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Response + Note right of GGSN: 5. Deactivate MBMS Context Request + GGSN->>UE: 5. Deactivate MBMS Context Request + Note right of UE: 6. Deactivate MBMS Context Response + UE->>GGSN: 6. Deactivate MBMS Context Response + Note right of GGSN: 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Request + GGSN->>RAN: 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Request + Note right of RAN: 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Response + RAN->>GGSN: 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Response + Note right of RAN: 8. RAN Resource Release + RAN-->>UE: 8. RAN Resource Release +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the Rf interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Deactivation procedure for a multicast bearer. The diagram involves six lifelines: UE, RAN, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and CDF. The sequence of messages is: 1. IGMP Leave (UE to GGSN); 2. Leave Indication (GGSN to BM-SC); 2. ACR[Stop] (BM-SC to CDF); 2. ACA (CDF to BM-SC); 3. UE Removal Request (BM-SC to GGSN); 4. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Request (GGSN to SGSN); 4. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Response (SGSN to GGSN); 5. Deactivate MBMS Context Request (GGSN to UE); 6. Deactivate MBMS Context Response (UE to GGSN); 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Request (GGSN to RAN); 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Response (RAN to GGSN); 8. RAN Resource Release (RAN to UE, dashed box). + +**Figure 5.2.2.2.5.1: Rf interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Deactivation procedure for a multicast bearer** + +Full details of the deactivation procedure are described in the MBMS Multicast Service Deactivation procedure in TS 23.246 [200]. + +### 5.2.3 CDR generation + +#### 5.2.3.1 CDRs related to MBMS subscribers + +##### 5.2.3.1.1 Triggers for S-BMSC-CDR charging information collection + +An S-BMSC-CDR is used to collect charging information related to the MBMS Bearer Service information for a UE/MS in the BM-SC. A CDR is generated for each MBMS Bearer Service used and for each subscriber using the MBMS Bearer Service. + +An S-BMSC-CDR shall be opened at UE activation as triggered by an ACR[Start]. The volume for the MBMS bearer context is counted in downlink direction. + +The subsequent clauses identify in detail the conditions for adding information to, and closing the BMSC-CDR for generation towards the CGF. + +##### 5.2.3.1.2 Triggers for S-BMSC-CDR charging information addition + +A new container shall be added to the S-BMSC-CDR on encountering some trigger conditions. + +Table 5.2.3.1.2.1 identifies which conditions are supported to permit addition of a new container to the S-BMSC-CDR. The start time of the new container shall indicate the time, whichever is later, at which the first Session Start Response was received, MBMS UE context activation, or the last partial CDR was closed. + +**Table 5.2.3.1.2.1: Triggers for S-BMSC-CDR addition** + +| Closure Conditions | Description/Behaviour | +|------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Tariff Time Change | On reaching the Tariff Time Change a set of "List of Traffic Data Volumes" containers, i.e. all active traffic data flow containers, shall be added to the CDR. | +| Session Start | A Traffic Data Volume container may be added when an MBMS Session Start is performed | +| Session Stop | A Traffic Data Volume container may be added when an MBMS Session Stop is performed. | +| MBMS UE context modification | A Traffic Data Volume container may be added when an MBMS UE context modification is received by the BM-SC. See note 1. | +| CDR Closure | All active "List of Traffic Data Volumes" containers shall be added to the eG-CDR. | +| NOTE 1: | One trigger for modification of MBMS UE context is as a result of inter-system (RAT) change and there is no reliable mechanism to report the change at the actual time of change.
This is due to the UE remaining in IDLE mode from the core network perspective. | +| NOTE 2: | MBMS charging is based on the volume of downlink data.
Therefore the ""List of Traffic Data Volumes"" shall not count data volumes in uplink direction. | + +NOTE: One trigger for modification of MBMS UE context is as a result of inter-system (RAT) change and there is no reliable mechanism to report the change at the actual time of change. This is due to the UE remaining in IDLE mode from the core network perspective. + +##### 5.2.3.1.3 Triggers for S-BMSC-CDR closure + +The S-BMSC-CDR shall be closed on encountering some trigger conditions. + +Table 5.2.3.1.3.1 identifies which conditions are supported to permit closure of the S-BMSC-CDR. + +**Table 5.2.3.1.3.1: Triggers for S-BMSC-CDR closure** + +| Closure Conditions | Description/Behaviour | +|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Service Deactivation | Deactivation of the MBMS service in the BM-SC shall result in the CDR being closed.
The trigger condition covers:
  • - UE initiated deactivation;
  • - termination of the MBMS User Service
  • - any abnormal release.
| +| ACR[Stop] | On reception of ACR[Stop], a CDR is closed. | +| Partial Record Reason | OAM&P reasons permit the closure of the CDR for internal reasons.
The trigger condition covers:
  • - data volume limit;
  • - time (duration) limit;
  • - maximum number of charging condition changes;
  • - management intervention.
| + +The Partial Record generation trigger thresholds are those associated with the Charging Characteristics. + +The Partial Record generation trigger thresholds are configuration parameters defined per charging characteristics profile by the operator through OAM&P means. + +#### 5.2.3.2 CDRs related to content provider + +##### 5.2.3.2.1 Triggers for BMSC-CDR charging information collection + +A C-BMSC-CDR is used to collect charging information related to the MBMS Bearer Service information for a content provider to the BM-SC. A C-BMSC-CDR is generated for each MBMS Bearer Service. + +A C-BMSC-CDR shall be opened at MBMS Session Start as triggered by an ACR (Start). The volume for the MBMS bearer context is counted in downlink direction. Not all of the charging information to be collected is static, and may be dependent on dynamic (de-)registration of packet-switched nodes to the MBMS bearer context. + +The subsequent clauses identify in detail the conditions for adding information to, and closing the C-BMSC-CDR for passing towards the CGF. + +##### 5.2.3.2.2 Triggers for C-BMSC-CDR charging information addition + +A new container shall be added to the C-BMSC-CDR on encountering some trigger conditions. + +Table 5.2.3.2.2.1 identifies which conditions are supported to permit addition of a new container to the C-BMSC-CDR. + +**Table 5.2.3.2.2.1: Triggers for C-BMSC-CDR addition** + +| Closure Conditions | Description/Behaviour | +|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Tariff Time Change | On reaching the Tariff Time Change a set of "List of Traffic Data Volumes" containers, i.e. all active service data flow containers, shall be added to the CDR. | +| CDR Closure | All active "List of Traffic Data Volumes" containers shall be added to the eG-CDR. | +| NOTE: | MBMS charging is based on the volume of downlink data.
Therefore the "List of Traffic Data Volumes" shall not count data volumes in uplink direction. | + +##### 5.2.3.2.3 Triggers for C-BMSC-CDR closure + +The C-BMSC-CDR shall be closed on encountering some trigger conditions. + +Table 5.2.3.2.3 identifies which conditions are supported to permit closure of the C-BMSC-CDR. + +**Table 5.2.3.2.3: Triggers for C-BMSC-CDR closure** + +| Closure Conditions | Description/Behaviour | +|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Service Deactivation | Deactivation of the MBMS service in the BM-SC shall result in the CDR being closed.
The trigger condition covers:
  • - MBMS Session Stop;
  • - termination of the MBMS User Service
  • - any abnormal release.
| +| ACR[Stop] | On reception of an ACR[Stop], the CDR shall be closed. | +| Partial Record Reason | OAM&P reasons permit the closure of the CDR for internal reasons.
The trigger condition covers:
  • - data volume limit;
  • - time (duration) limit;
  • - change in list of downstream nodes;
  • - management intervention;
  • - MBMS service area;
  • - access indicator.
| + +The Partial Record generation trigger thresholds are configuration parameters defined per charging characteristics profile by the operator through OAM&P means. + +### 5.2.4 Ga record transfer flows + +For further details on the Ga protocol application refer to TS 32.295 [54]. + +### 5.2.5 Bmb CDR file transfer + +The CGF transfers the CDR files to the BD as described in TS 32.297 [52]. +For further details on the Bmb protocol application refer to TS 32.297 [52]. + +## 5.3 MBMS online charging scenarios + +### 5.3.1 Basic principles + +MBMS online charging uses the Credit-Control application as specified in TS 32.299 [50] and in the present document. + +Online charging of content providers is not supported in this release of the present document. + +The type of online interaction used is dependent on the user service type, bearer type and whether delivery notification is required. Table 5.3.1.1 shows this dependency. + +**Table 5.3.1: Online interaction dependency on MBMS service parameters** + +| User Service Type | Bearer Service Type | Delivery Notification | Online Interaction | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------| +| Key Management | N/A | N/A | IEC | +| Streaming | Broadcast | N/A | Operator Configurable | +| Streaming | Multicast | N/A | SCUR | +| Download | Broadcast | Required | Operator Configurable | +| Download | Multicast | Required | Operator Configurable | +| Download | Broadcast | Not required | Operator Configurable | +| Download | Multicast | Not required | Operator Configurable | +| NOTE: Operator configurable options imply that IEC, SCUR and ECUR should be supported | | | | + +It is not possible to perform charging transactions in a load efficient manner as in offline charging (see clause 5.2). +Therefore, one online charging interaction is necessary for each user. + +### 5.3.2 Ro message flows + +#### 5.3.2.1 Broadcast Service + +##### 5.3.2.1.1 User service charging + +An MBMS user service that is delivered using a broadcast bearer may be Event charged or Session charged. +As there is no 3GPP specified signalling for a UE to activate or deactivate the Broadcast Service, it is MBMS user service dependent (e.g. key management) when the ACR is triggered. +The Event based or Session based online charging flows are as defined in TS 32.299 [50]. + +##### 5.3.2.1.2 Session Start + +As online charging does not apply to content provider, this scenario is not applicable. + +##### 5.3.2.1.3 Session Stop + +As online charging does not apply to content provider, this scenario is not applicable. + +##### 5.3.2.1.4 BM-SC initiated Registration and Deregistration + +As online charging does not apply to content provider, this scenario is not applicable. + +#### 5.3.2.2 Multicast Service + +##### 5.3.2.2.1 Session Start + +Figure 5.3.2.2.1.1 shows the charging interaction during the MBMS Session Start procedure for a multicast bearer. + +![Sequence diagram showing Ro interaction during MBMS Session Start procedure for a multicast bearer. Lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, OCS. The sequence starts with BM-SC sending a Session Start Request to GGSN, which responds with a Session Start Response. BM-SC then sends a CCR[Update] to OCS, which responds with a CCA. Simultaneously, BM-SC sends an MBMS Session Start Request to SGSN, which responds with an MBMS Session Start Response to GGSN. The GGSN then has a self-call sequence indicated by dots.](6470d350326789d5306eabcb76533951_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant OCS + + Note left of UE: + BM-SC->>GGSN: 1. Session Start Request + GGSN-->>BM-SC: 1. Session Start Response + BM-SC->>OCS: 2a. CCR[Update] + OCS-->>BM-SC: 2a. CCA + BM-SC->>SGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Start Request + SGSN-->>GGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Start Response + Note right of GGSN: + GGSN->>GGSN: . + GGSN->>GGSN: . + GGSN->>GGSN: . +``` + +Sequence diagram showing Ro interaction during MBMS Session Start procedure for a multicast bearer. Lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, OCS. The sequence starts with BM-SC sending a Session Start Request to GGSN, which responds with a Session Start Response. BM-SC then sends a CCR[Update] to OCS, which responds with a CCA. Simultaneously, BM-SC sends an MBMS Session Start Request to SGSN, which responds with an MBMS Session Start Response to GGSN. The GGSN then has a self-call sequence indicated by dots. + +**Figure 5.3.2.2.1.1: Ro interaction during MBMS Session Start procedure for a multicast bearer** + +- 1) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Session Start procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. +- 2a) On receiving the first Session Start Response from any GGSN, the BM-SC sends a CCR for each subscriber that has joined the service. +- 2b) The remainder of the MBMS Session Start procedure occurs in parallel with the CCR procedure in 2a. + +The full details of the MBMS Session Start procedure for the multicast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.3.2.2.2 Session Stop + +Figure 5.3.2.2.2.1 shows the charging interaction during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a multicast bearer. + +![Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a multicast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and OCS. The sequence of messages is: 1. BM-SC sends a Session Stop Request to GGSN; 2. GGSN sends a Session Stop Response to BM-SC; 3. BM-SC sends a CCR[Update] to OCS; 4. OCS sends a CCA to BM-SC; 5. BM-SC sends an MBMS Session Stop Request to SGSN; 6. SGSN sends an MBMS Session Stop Response to GGSN. The GGSN then sends further messages to the UE, indicated by dots.](3cc095fb84e92690c9d49d3e17c0f1dc_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant OCS + Note right of BM-SC: 1. Session Stop Request + BM-SC->>GGSN: 1. Session Stop Request + Note right of GGSN: 1. Session Stop Response + GGSN->>BM-SC: 1. Session Stop Response + Note right of BM-SC: 2a. CCR[Update] + BM-SC->>OCS: 2a. CCR[Update] + Note right of OCS: 2a. CCA + OCS->>BM-SC: 2a. CCA + Note right of BM-SC: 2b. MBMS Session Stop Request + BM-SC->>SGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Stop Request + Note right of SGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Stop Response + SGSN->>GGSN: 2b. MBMS Session Stop Response + Note right of GGSN: . + GGSN->>UE: + Note right of GGSN: . + GGSN->>UE: + Note right of GGSN: . + GGSN->>UE: +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the charging interaction during the MBMS Session Stop procedure for a multicast bearer. The diagram involves five lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and OCS. The sequence of messages is: 1. BM-SC sends a Session Stop Request to GGSN; 2. GGSN sends a Session Stop Response to BM-SC; 3. BM-SC sends a CCR[Update] to OCS; 4. OCS sends a CCA to BM-SC; 5. BM-SC sends an MBMS Session Stop Request to SGSN; 6. SGSN sends an MBMS Session Stop Response to GGSN. The GGSN then sends further messages to the UE, indicated by dots. + +**Figure 5.3.2.2.2.1: Ro interaction during MBMS Session Stop procedure for a multicast bearer** + +- 1) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Session Stop procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. +- 2a) On receiving the first Session Stop Response from any GGSN, the BM-SC sends a CCR for each subscriber that is still joined to the service. +- 2b) The remainder of the MBMS Session Stop procedure occurs in parallel with the CCR procedure in 2a. + +The full details of the Session Stop procedure for the multicast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.3.2.2.3 BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration + +Figure 5.3.2.2.3.1 shows the charging interaction during the BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration procedure for a multicast bearer for an already started session. + +![Sequence diagram showing Ro interaction during BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration procedure for a multicast bearer. Lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, OCS. The sequence starts with BM-SC sending an MBMS Deregistration Request to GGSN, which responds with an MBMS Deregistration Response. BM-SC then sends a CCR[Terminate] to OCS, which responds with a CCA. Simultaneously, BM-SC sends an MBMS Deregistration Request to SGSN, which responds with an MBMS Deregistration Response. The diagram includes vertical ellipsis between the two parallel paths.](933ecd14c858bf3fc919222d8e357bc8_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant OCS + + Note right of BM-SC: 1) MBMS Deregistration procedure + BM-SC->>GGSN: 1. MBMS Deregistration Request + GGSN-->>BM-SC: 1. MBMS Deregistration Response + + Note right of BM-SC: 2a) CCR[Terminate] to OCS + BM-SC->>OCS: 2a. CCR[Terminate] + OCS-->>BM-SC: 2a. CCA + + Note right of BM-SC: 2b) MBMS Deregistration procedure + BM-SC->>SGSN: 2b. MBMS Deregistration Request + SGSN-->>BM-SC: 2b. MBMS Deregistration Response + + Note right of SGSN: . + Note right of SGSN: . + Note right of SGSN: . +``` + +Sequence diagram showing Ro interaction during BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration procedure for a multicast bearer. Lifelines: UE, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, OCS. The sequence starts with BM-SC sending an MBMS Deregistration Request to GGSN, which responds with an MBMS Deregistration Response. BM-SC then sends a CCR[Terminate] to OCS, which responds with a CCA. Simultaneously, BM-SC sends an MBMS Deregistration Request to SGSN, which responds with an MBMS Deregistration Response. The diagram includes vertical ellipsis between the two parallel paths. + +**Figure 5.3.2.2.3.1: Ro interaction during BM-SC initiated MBMS Deregistration procedure for a multicast bearer** + +- 1) The BM-SC performs the MBMS Deregistration procedure as described in TS 23.246 [200]. The BM-SC sends a Deregistration Request message to all GGSNs contained in the "list of downstream nodes" parameter of the corresponding MBMS Bearer Context to indicate the session is terminated. +- 2a) On receiving an MBMS Deregistration Response from the GGSN, the BM-SC sends a CCR[Terminate] for each subscriber that has joined the service. +- 2b) The remainder of the MBMS Deregistration procedure occurs in parallel with the ACR procedure in 2a). + +The full details of the MBMS Deregistration procedure for the multicast bearer are described in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.3.2.2.4 UE Activation + +Figure 5.3.2.2.4.1 applies to subscribers that activate the Multicast Service. + +![Sequence diagram showing Ro interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Activation procedure for a multicast bearer. Lifelines: UE, RAN, SGSN, GGSN, BMSC, OCS. The sequence includes steps like PDP Context Activation, IGMP Join, MBMS Authorization Request/Response, CCR[Initial]/CCA, MBMS Notification Request/Response, Request MBMS Context Activation, Activate MBMS Context Request, Create MBMS Context Request, MBMS Registration Request/Response, and Activate MBMS Context Accept.](5478f70a6cef3e5672b2b22d28830cfb_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant RAN + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BMSC + participant OCS + + Note left of UE: 1. PDP Context Activation + UE->>GGSN: 1. PDP Context Activation + Note left of UE: 2. IGMP Join + UE->>GGSN: 2. IGMP Join + Note right of GGSN: 3. MBMS Authorization Request + GGSN->>BMSC: 3. MBMS Authorization Request + Note right of BMSC: 4. CCR[Initial] + BMSC->>OCS: 4. CCR[Initial] + Note right of OCS: 5. CCA + OCS->>BMSC: 5. CCA + Note right of BMSC: 6. MBMS Authorization Response + BMSC->>GGSN: 6. MBMS Authorization Response + Note left of GGSN: 7a. MBMS Notification Request + GGSN->>SGSN: 7a. MBMS Notification Request + Note right of SGSN: 7b. MBMS Notification Response + SGSN->>GGSN: 7b. MBMS Notification Response + Note left of UE: 8. Request MBMS Context Activation + UE->>SGSN: 8. Request MBMS Context Activation + Note left of UE: 9. Activate MBMS Context Request + UE->>SGSN: 9. Activate MBMS Context Request + Note right of SGSN: 10. Create MBMS Context Request + SGSN->>GGSN: 10. Create MBMS Context Request + Note right of GGSN: 11. MBMS Authorization Request + GGSN->>BMSC: 11. MBMS Authorization Request + Note right of BMSC: 11. MBMS Authorization Response + BMSC->>GGSN: 11. MBMS Authorization Response + Note right of GGSN: 12. MBMS Registration Request + GGSN->>BMSC: 12. MBMS Registration Request + Note right of BMSC: 12. MBMS Registration Response + BMSC->>GGSN: 12. MBMS Registration Response + Note left of GGSN: 13. Create MBMS Context Response + GGSN->>SGSN: 13. Create MBMS Context Response + Note left of UE: 14. Activate MBMS Context Accept + UE->>SGSN: 14. Activate MBMS Context Accept +``` + +Sequence diagram showing Ro interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Activation procedure for a multicast bearer. Lifelines: UE, RAN, SGSN, GGSN, BMSC, OCS. The sequence includes steps like PDP Context Activation, IGMP Join, MBMS Authorization Request/Response, CCR[Initial]/CCA, MBMS Notification Request/Response, Request MBMS Context Activation, Activate MBMS Context Request, Create MBMS Context Request, MBMS Registration Request/Response, and Activate MBMS Context Accept. + +**Figure 5.3.2.2.4.1: Ro interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Activation procedure for a multicast bearer** + +Full details of the activation procedure are described in the MBMS Multicast Service Activation procedure in TS 23.246 [200]. + +##### 5.3.2.2.5 UE Deactivation + +Figure 5.3.2.2.5.1 applies to subscribers that deregister from the Multicast Service before the session has stopped, i.e. before the MBMS Session Stop procedure is invoked. + +This procedure is optionally applied, if the deactivation occurs after the MBMS Session Stop procedure, depending on the charging model applied. + +![Sequence diagram showing the Ro interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Deactivation procedure for a multicast bearer. The diagram involves six lifelines: UE, RAN, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and OCS. The sequence of messages is: 1. IGMP Leave (UE to GGSN), 2. Leave Indication (GGSN to BM-SC), 3. CCR[Terminate] (BM-SC to OCS), 3. CCA (OCS to BM-SC), 4. UE Removal Request (BM-SC to GGSN), 5. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Request (GGSN to SGSN), 5. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Response (SGSN to GGSN), 6. Deactivate MBMS Context Request (GGSN to UE), 6. Deactivate MBMS Context Response (UE to SGSN), 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Request (SGSN to RAN), 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Response (RAN to SGSN), 8. RAN Resource Release (RAN to UE).](a1890b9a9b85f13e67ed59bbad623659_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant RAN + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + participant BM-SC + participant OCS + + Note left of UE: 8. RAN Resource Release + + UE->>GGSN: 1. IGMP Leave + GGSN->>BM-SC: 2. Leave Indication + BM-SC->>OCS: 3. CCR[Terminate] + OCS-->>BM-SC: 3. CCA + BM-SC->>GGSN: 4. UE Removal Request + GGSN->>SGSN: 5. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Request + SGSN-->>GGSN: 5. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Response + GGSN->>UE: 6. Deactivate MBMS Context Request + UE-->>SGSN: 6. Deactivate MBMS Context Response + SGSN->>RAN: 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Request + RAN-->>SGSN: 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Response + RAN-->>UE: 8. RAN Resource Release +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the Ro interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Deactivation procedure for a multicast bearer. The diagram involves six lifelines: UE, RAN, SGSN, GGSN, BM-SC, and OCS. The sequence of messages is: 1. IGMP Leave (UE to GGSN), 2. Leave Indication (GGSN to BM-SC), 3. CCR[Terminate] (BM-SC to OCS), 3. CCA (OCS to BM-SC), 4. UE Removal Request (BM-SC to GGSN), 5. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Request (GGSN to SGSN), 5. MBMS UE Context Deactivation Response (SGSN to GGSN), 6. Deactivate MBMS Context Request (GGSN to UE), 6. Deactivate MBMS Context Response (UE to SGSN), 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Request (SGSN to RAN), 7. MBMS UE De-Linking Response (RAN to SGSN), 8. RAN Resource Release (RAN to UE). + +**Figure 5.3.2.2.5: Ro interaction during MBMS Multicast Service Deactivation procedure for a multicast bearer** + +Full details of the deactivation procedure are described in the MBMS Multicast Service Deactivation procedure in TS 23.246 [200]. + +### 5.3.3 Credit-Control related + +#### 5.3.3.1 Triggers for stopping for an MBMS service Credit-Control session + +In addition to message flows in clause 5.3.2, a CCR[Terminate] is sent to OCS when: + +- a) Session termination is indicated by the OCS (e.g. Credit Limit Reached); +- b) Abort-Session-Request is received from the OCS, this also results in the deactivation of the MBMS UE Context (from step 4 of clause 5.3.2.2.5), if one exists for the session being terminated. + +#### 5.3.3.2 Triggers for providing interim information for a MBMS service Credit-Control session + +In addition to the message flows in clause 5.3.2, a CCR[Update] is sent to OCS when: + +- a) Granted quota runs out; +- b) Validity time for granted quota expires; +- c) Update is requested by the OCS; +- d) Change of charging conditions occur and according re-authorisation trigger re-authorisation is needed; +- e) Management intervention. + +# 6 Definition of charging information + +## 6.1 Data description for MBMS offline charging + +### 6.1.1 Rf message contents + +#### 6.1.1.1 Summary of offline charging message formats + +The BM-SC generates accounting information that can be transferred to the CDF. For this purpose, the MBMS Accounting application employs the *Accounting-Request* (ACR) and *Accounting-Answer* (ACA) messages from the Diameter base protocol. The request can be of type start, stop, interim and event. The ACR message includes all charging information and the answer is just an acknowledgement of the request message. Detailed information about the Diameter offline charging application is described in TS 32.299 [50]. + +The following clauses describe the different fields used in the accounting messages. + +Table 6.1.1.1.1 describes the use of these messages for offline charging. + +**Table 6.1.1.1.1: Offline charging messages reference table** + +| Command-Name | Source | Destination | Abbreviation | +|--------------------|--------|-------------|--------------| +| Accounting-Request | BM-SC | CDF | ACR | +| Accounting-Answer | CDF | BM-SC | ACA | + +#### 6.1.1.2 Structure for the Accounting message formats + +##### 6.1.1.2.1 ACR message + +Table 6.1.1.2.1 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter ACR message as used for MBMS offline charging. + +**Table 6.1.1.2.1: ACR message contents for offline charging** + +| AVP | Category | Description | +|--------------------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Session-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Host | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Destination-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Record-Type | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Record-Number | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Acct-Application-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| User-Name | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Destination-Host | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Acct-Session-Id | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Acct-Interim-Interval | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-State-Id | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Event-Timestamp | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Proxy-Info | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Route-Record | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Service-Context-Id | O M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Service-Information | O M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Subscription-Id | O M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50].
As a minimum the IMSI and the MSISDN have to be included for subscriber charging. | +| PS-Information | O C | Described in TS 32.251 [11] | +| IMS-Information | O C | Described in TS 32.260 [20] | +| MBMS-Information | O M | Described in clause 6.3. | + +NOTE: For structured AVPs only the "AVP" is listed in this table. +Detailed description of the AVPs is provided according to "Description" column. + +##### 6.1.1.2.2 ACA message + +Table 6.1.1.2.2 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter ACA message as used for MBMS charging. This message is always used by the CDF as specified below, regardless of the BM-SC it is received from and the ACR record type that is being replied to. + +**Table 6.1.1.2.2: ACA message contents for offline charging** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|--------------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------| +| Session-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Result-Code | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Host | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Record-Type | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Accounting-Record-Number | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Acct-Application-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| User-Name | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Acct-Session-Id | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Acct-Interim-Interval | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-State-Id | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Event-Timestamp | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Proxy-Info | - | Not used in 3GPP. | +| Extension | - | Not used in 3GPP. | + +### 6.1.2 Ga message contents + +### 6.1.3 CDR description on the Bmb interface + +#### 6.1.3.1 CDR description for subscriber charging + +**Table 6.1.3.1.1: Subscriber BM-SC data (S-BMSC-CDR)** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|--------------------------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | S-BM-SC record. | +| Served IMSI | M | IMSI of the served party. This may be obtained from the Subscription Id field, identified by a type of IMSI, of the ACR message. | +| GGSN Address used | C | The control plane IP address of the GGSN used for MBMS UE context activation. Present only for multicast. | +| Access Point Name Network Identifier | O C | The logical name of the connected access point to the external packet data network (network identifier part of APN). Present only for multicast. | +| Served PDP Address | O M | Represents the IP Multicast address associated with the MBMS bearer context. | +| List of Traffic Data Volumes | O M | A list of changes in charging conditions (including MBMS UE context modifications) for this MBMS Bearer Service, each change is time stamped. Charging conditions are used to categorize traffic volumes, such as per tariff period. Initial and subsequently changed QoS and corresponding data volumes are also listed. See note below. | +| Record Opening Time | M | Time stamp when UE activation occurs or record opening time on subsequent partial records. | +| Duration | M | Duration of this record. | +| Cause for Record Closing | M | The reason for the release of record. | +| Diagnostics | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Record Sequence Number | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Node ID | O M | Name of the recording entity. | +| Record Extensions | O C | A set of network operator/manufacturer specific extensions to the record. Conditioned upon the existence of an extension. | +| Local Record Sequence Number | O M | Consecutive record number created by this node. The number is allocated sequentially including all CDR types. | +| Served MSISDN | O M | The primary MSISDN of the subscriber. This may be obtained from the Subscription Id field, identified by a type of E.164, of the ACR message. | +| Bearer Service Description | O C | Holds the Session portion of the SDP data exchanged between the BMSC and UE during the notification phased. | +| MBMS Information | O M | A set of fields hold the MBMS specific parameters. The details are defined in clause 6.3.1.2. | +| Service Context Id | O M | Holds the context information to which the CDR belongs. | +| NOTE: | | MBMS charging is based on the volume of downlink data.
Therefore the "List of Traffic Data Volumes" shall not count data volumes in uplink direction. | + +#### 6.1.3.2 CDR description for content provider charging + +**Table 6.1.3.2.1: Content provider BM-SC data (C-BMSC-CDR)** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|--------------------------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Record Type | M | C-BM-SC record. | +| Content Provider Id | M | Identity of the content provider. This may be obtained from the Subscription ID field of the Accounting Request message. | +| List of Downstream Nodes | M | A list of the control plane IP address of the GGSN/MBMS GWs used by the MBMS Bearer Service. | +| Access Point Name Network Identifier | O C | The logical name of the connected access point to the external packet data network (network identifier part of APN). Present only for multicast. | +| PDP/PDN Type | O M | This field indicates PDN type (i.e. IPv4 or IPv6). | +| Served PDP/PDN Address | O M | Represents the IP Multicast address used to transmit the MBMS user service, i.e. IPv4 or IPv6, if available. | +| List of Traffic Data Volumes | O M | A list of changes in charging conditions (including MBMS UE context modifications) for this MBMS Bearer Service, each change is time stamped. Charging conditions are used to categorize traffic volumes, such as per tariff period. Initial and subsequently changed QoS and corresponding data volumes are also listed. See note below. | +| Record Opening Time | M | Time stamp when MBMS Bearer Context is activated (i.e. MBMS Session Start) or record opening time on subsequent partial records. | +| Duration | M | Duration of this record. | +| Cause for Record Closing | M | The reason for the release of record. | +| Diagnostics | O M | A more detailed reason for the release of the connection. | +| Record Sequence Number | C | Partial record sequence number, only present in case of partial records. | +| Node ID | O M | Name of the recording entity. | +| Record Extensions | O C | A set of network operator/manufacturer specific extensions to the record. Conditioned upon the existence of an extension. | +| Local Record Sequence Number | O M | Consecutive record number created by this node. The number is allocated sequentially including all CDR types. | +| Recipient Address List | O C | The address(es) of the recipients registered to receive the bearer service. | +| Bearer Service Description | O C | Holds the Session portion of the SDP data exchanged between the BMSC and UE during the notification phased, see IMS-Information in table 6.3.1.1. | +| MBMS Information | O M | A set of fields hold the MBMS specific parameters. The details are defined in clause 6.3.1.2. | +| Service Context Id | O M | Holds the context information to which the CDR belongs. | +| NOTE: | | MBMS charging is based on the volume of downlink data.
Therefore the "List of Traffic Data Volumes" shall not count data volumes in uplink direction. | + +## 6.2 Data description for MBMS online charging + +### 6.2.1 Ro message contents + +#### 6.2.1.1 Summary of message formats + +MBMS Online Charging use Credit-Control-Request (CCR) and Credit-Control-Answer (CCA) messages defined in TS 32.299 [50]. The CCR triggers the rating of the MBMS service and reserves units on the user's account. The CCA is a response including any reserved units or an error code if the user is out of credit. Detailed information about the diameter online charging application is described in TS 32.299 [50]. + +The CCR for the "intermediate interrogation" and "final interrogation" reports the actual number of "units" that were used, from what was previously reserved. This determines the actual amount debited from the subscriber's account. + +The following clauses describe the different fields used in the Credit-Control messages. + +Table 6.2.1.1 describes the use of these messages for online charging. + +**Table 6.2.1.1: Online charging messages reference table** + +| Command-Name | Source | Destination | Abbreviation | +|------------------------|--------|-------------|--------------| +| Credit-Control-Request | BM-SC | OCS | CCR | +| Credit-Control-Answer | OCS | BM-SC | CCA | + +#### 6.2.1.2 Structure for the Credit-Control message formats + +##### 6.2.1.2.1 CCR message + +Table 6.2.1.2.1.1 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter CCR message from the BM-SC as used for MBMS online charging. + +**Table 6.2.1.2.1.1: CCR message contents** + +| AVP | Category | Description | +|----------------------------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Session-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Host | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Destination-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Auth-Application-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Service-Context-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Request-Type | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Request-Number | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Destination-Host | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| User-Name | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-State-Id | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Event-Timestamp | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Subscription-Id | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50].
As a minimum the IMSI and the MSISDN have to be included. | +| Service-Identifier | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Termination-Cause | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Requested-Service-Unit | - | Not used in MBMS charging. | +| Requested-Action | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Multiple-Services-Indicator | O M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Multiple-Services-Credit-Control | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| User-Equipment-Info | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Service-Information | O M | Defined in TS 32.299 [50] | +| PS-Information | O C | Used as described in TS 32.251 [11] | +| IMS-Information | O C | Used as described in TS 32.260 [20] | +| MBMS-Information | O M | Described in clause 6.3 | + +##### 6.2.1.2.2 CCA message + +Table 6.2.1.2.2.1 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter CCA message as used for the BM-SC. This message is always used by the OCS as specified below, independent of the receiving BM-SC and the CCR request type that is being replied to. + +**Table 6.2.1.2.2.1: CCA message** + +| AVP | Category | Description | +|----------------------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------| +| Session-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Result-Code | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Host | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Origin-Realm | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Auth-Application-Id | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Request-Type | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Request-Number | M | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Session-Failover | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Event-Timestamp | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Granted-Service-Unit | - | Not used in MBMS charging. | +| Multiple-Services-Credit-Control | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Final-Unit-Indication | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Check-Balance-Result | - | Not used in MBMS charging. | +| Credit-Control-Failure-Handling | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Direct-Debiting-Failure-Handling | - | Not used in MBMS charging. | +| Validity-Time | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Redirect-Host | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Redirect-Host-Usage | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Redirect-Max-Cache-Time | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Proxy-Info | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Route-Record | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Failed-AVP | O C | Used as described in TS 32.299 [50]. | + +## 6.3 MBMS charging specific parameters + +### 6.3.1 Definition of the MBMS charging information + +#### 6.3.1.0 General + +The MBMS Information parameter used for MBMS charging is provided in the Service Information parameter. + +#### 6.3.1.1 MBMS charging information assignment for Service Information + +The components that are used for MBMS charging are provided in the Service Information as described in table 6.3.1.1.1. + +**Table 6.3.1.1.1: Components of the Service Information used for MBMS charging** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|-------------------------|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Service Information | O M | A set of fields hold the specific parameter as defined in TS 32.299 [50].
For MBMS Charging the PS Information and IMS Information are used. | +| Subscriber Identifier | O C | This field contains the identification of the charged party (e.g. IMSI, MSISDN, Content Provider Id). | +| PS Information | O C | A set of fields hold the PS specific parameters.
The details are defined in TS 32.251 [11]. | +| Node Id | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.251 [11]. | +| PDP/PDN Type | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.251 [11]. See note. | +| Served PDP/PDN Address | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.251 [11]. See note. | +| GGSN Address | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.251 [11]. | +| 3GPP SGSN MCC MNC | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.251 [11]. | +| RAT Type | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.251 [11]. | +| Called Station Id | O C | The logical name of the connected access point to the external packet data network (network identifier part of APN). Present only for multicast. | +| Traffic Data Volumes | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.251 [11]. | +| Change Condition | O C | This field holds the reason for sending ACR from the BM-SC. | +| Diagnostics | O C | This field holds a more detailed reason for the release of the MBMS bearer, and complements the "Change Condition" information. | +| IMS Information | O C | A set of fields hold the MBMS Bearer Service specific parameters within the scope of the present document.
The details are defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| SDP Session Description | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| SDP Media Components | O C | Used as defined in TS 32.260 [20]. | +| MBMS Information | O M | A set of fields hold the MBMS specific parameters.
The details are defined in clause 6.3.1.2. | + +NOTE: The PDP/PDN Type and Served PDP/PDN Address represent the MBMS Bearer Service, i.e. IP multicast address. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Definition of the MBMS Information + +MBMS specific charging information is provided within the MBMS Information. +The detailed structure of the MBMS Information can be found in table 6.3.1.2.1. + +**Table 6.3.1.2.1: Structure of the MBMS Information** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|-----------------------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| TMGI | O M | Used as defined in TS 29.061 [204]. | +| MBMS Service Type | O M | Used as defined in TS 29.061 [204]. | +| MBMS User Service Type | O C | This IE indicates type of service the MBMS user service that is being delivered. Only available in the BM-SC. | +| File Repair Supported | O C | This IE indicates whether the MBMS user service supports point-to-point file repair. Only available in the BM-SC. | +| Required MBMS Bearer Capabilities | O C | Used as defined in TS 29.061 [204]. | + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|------------------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MBMS 2G 3G Indicator | O C | Used as defined in TS 29.061 [204]. | +| RAI | O C | Used as defined in TS 29.061 [204]. Only available in the BM-SC. | +| MBMS Service Area | O C | Used as defined in TS 29.061 [204]. | +| MBMS Session Identity | O C | Used as defined in TS 29.061 [204]. | +| MBMS GW Address | O C | This IE holds the IP address of the MBMS GW that generated the Charging Id when MBMS GW is stand-alone. | +| CN IP Multicast Distribution | O C | Used as defined in TS 29.061 [204]. | +| MBMS Access Indicator | O C | Used as defined in TS 29.061 [204]. | +| MBMS Charged Party | O C | This IE indicates whether the content provider or receiving subscriber is being charged. Only available in the BM-SC for offline charging. | +| Recipient Address | O C | This IE indicates the MSISDN of a recipient registered to receive the bearer service. This field is repeated for each recipient. | +| MBMS Data Transfer Start | O C | This IE contains the absolute time stamp of the data delivery start. | +| MBMS Data Transfer Stop | O C | This IE contains the absolute time stamp of the data delivery stop. | + +### 6.3.2 Formal parameter description + +#### 6.3.2.1 MBMS charging information for CDRs + +The detailed definitions, abstract syntax and encoding of the MBMS CDR parameters are specified in TS 32.298 [51]. + +#### 6.3.2.2 MBMS charging information for charging events + +The detailed charging event parameter definitions are specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +## 6.4 Bindings for MBMS offline charging + +This clause aims to describe the mapping between the Diameter messages AVP and CDR parameters for MBMS offline charging. + +**Table 6.4.1: Bindings of Accounting AVP to BMSC-CDR parameter** + +| S-/C-BMSC-CDR parameter | Information Element | AVP | +|--------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| | Service Information | Service-Information | +| Served IMSI | Subscriber Identifier | Subscription-Id | +| Served MSISDN | Subscriber Identifier | Subscription-Id | +| Content Provider Id | Subscriber Identifier | Subscription-Id | +| | PS Information | PS-Information | +| Node Id | Node Id | Node-Id | +| PDP/PDN Type | PDP/PDN Type | 3GPP-PDP-Type | +| Served PDP/PDN Address | Served PDP/PDN Address | PDP-Address | +| GGSN Address Used | GGSN Address | GGSN-Address | +| List of Downstream Nodes | GGSN Address | GGSN-Address | +| Access Point Name Network Identifier | Called Station Id | Called-Station-Id | +| List of Traffic Data Volumes | Traffic Data Volumes | Traffic-Data-Volumes | +| Cause for Record Closing | Change Condition | Change-Condition | +| Diagnostics | Diagnostics | Diagnostics | +| | IMS Information | IMS-Information | +| Bearer Service Description | SDP Session Description | SDP-Session-Description | +| | SDP Media Components | SDP-Media-Component | +| | MBMS Information | MBMS-Information | +| TMGI | TMGI | TMGI | +| MBMS Service Type | MBMS Service Type | MBMS-Service-Type | +| File Repair Supported | File Repair Supported | File-Repair-Supported | +| Required MBMS Bearer Capabilities | Required MBMS Bearer Capabilities | Required-MBMS-Bearer-Capabilities | +| MBMS 2G 3G Indicator | MBMS 2G 3G Indicator | MBMS-2G-3G-Indicator | +| RAI | RAI | RAI | +| MBMS Service Area | MBMS Service Area | MBMS-Service-Area | +| MBMS Session Identity | MBMS Session Identity | MBMS-Session-Identity | +| MBMS GW Address | MBMS GW Address | MBMS-GW-Address | +| CN IP Multicast Distribution | CN IP Multicast Distribution | CN-IP-Multicast-Distribution | +| MBMS Access Indicator | MBMS Access Indicator | MBMS-Access-Indicator | +| Record Type | MBMS Charged Party | MBMS-Charged-Party | +| Recipient Address List | Recipient Address | MSISDN | +| MBMS Data Transfer Start | MBMS Data Transfer Start | MBMS-Data-Transfer-Start | +| MBMS Data Transfer Stop | MBMS Data Transfer Stop | MBMS-Data-Transfer-Stop | + +NOTE: The whole set of S-/C-BMSC-CDR parameters is described in the TS 32.298 [51]. The following fields are generated at the CDF: Record Opening Time, Duration, Record Sequence Number, Local Record Sequence Number. + +# --- Annex A (informative): Bibliography + +## a) The 3GPP charging specifications + +- 3GPP TS 32.252: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.271: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Location Services (LCS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.272: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Push-to-talk over Cellular (PoC) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.296: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Online Charging System (OCS): Applications and interfaces". +- 3GPP TS 23.125: "Overall high level functionality and architecture impacts of flow based charging; Stage 2". + +## b) Common 3GPP specifications + +- 3GPP TS 22.101: "Service aspects; Service principles". +- 3GPP TS 22.115: "Service aspects; Charging and billing". +- 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network architecture". +- 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". +- 3GPP TS 27.001: "General on Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for Mobile Stations (MS)". + +## c) other Domain and Service specific 3GPP / ETSI specifications + +- + +## d) Relevant ITU Recommendations + +- ITU-T Recommendation D.93: "Charging and accounting in the international land mobile telephone service (provided via cellular radio systems)". +- ITU-T Recommendation E.164: "The international public telecommunication numbering plan". +- ITU-T Recommendation Q.767: "Application of the ISDN user part of CCITT signalling system No.7 for international ISDN interconnections". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.25: "Interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) for terminals operating in the packet mode and connected to public data networks by dedicated circuit". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.121: "International numbering plan for public data networks". + +## e) Relevant IETF RFCs + +- IETF RFC 959 (1985): "File Transfer Protocol". +- IETF RFC 3588 (2003): "Diameter Base Protocol". +- IETF RFC 4006: "Diameter Credit-Control Application". +- IETF RFC 1350: "The TFTP Protocol (Revision 2)". + +# Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Mar 2005 | SA_27 | SP-050034 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#27 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Jun 2005 | SA_28 | SP-050280 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#28 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Sep 2005 | SA_29 | SP-050439 | 0001 | -- | Corrections on MBMS offline charging trigger conditions | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Dec 2005 | SA_30 | SP-050703 | 0002 | -- | Align with common Diameter handling principles in 32.299 | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Dec 2005 | SA_30 | SP-050703 | 0003 | -- | Correction of PS information usage in MBMS - Align with 29.061 and 23.060 | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Mar 2006 | SA_31 | SP-060083 | 0004 | -- | Correction to MBMS behaviour as a result of OCS controlled service termination | F | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060242 | 0005 | -- | Correction of the BMSC-CDR charging information collection description | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060242 | 0006 | -- | Align BM-SC initiated MBMS De-registration procedure with 23.246 | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060417 | 0007 | 1 | Correct List of Traffic Volume in MBMS charging | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060522 | 0008 | -- | Resolve outstanding "Editor's notes" in MBMS charging | F | 6.4.0 | 6.5.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060704 | 0009 | -- | Correction on MBMS Information - Align with 23.246 | F | 6.5.0 | 6.6.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060718 | 0010 | -- | Add an identifier for the service initiating offline Diameter Accounting | B | 6.6.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060718 | 0011 | -- | Add an identifier for the served user in offline Diameter Accounting | B | 6.6.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | SP-080841 | 0012 | -- | Correction on Multiple Service Indication category | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA_44 | SP-090296 | 0013 | -- | MBMS charging in EPS alignment in CDR description | B | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA_44 | SP-090296 | 0014 | -- | MBMS charging in EPS alignment in Abbreviations and charging principle | B | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA_44 | SP-090296 | 0015 | -- | Add message flow for UTRAN access in eMBMS charging | B | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SA-45 | SP-090536 | 0017 | -- | Addition of multicast delivery related contents in MBMS charging | A | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA-46 | SP-090724 | 0018 | -- | Add session update procedure for EPS | B | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA-46 | SP-090724 | 0019 | -- | Clean up of session start and session stop procedures for EPS | D | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA-46 | SP-090724 | 0020 | -- | Add MBMS access indicator | B | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA-46 | SP-090724 | 0021 | -- | Add new triggers for C-MBSC-CDR closure for EPS | B | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Mar 2011 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | - | 9.2.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | - | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2013-12 | SA-62 | SP-130676 | 0025 | -- | Correction for use of Destination-Host AVP in ACR | A | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 2014-07 | - | - | - | - | Rapporteur/MCC: General editorial changes and clean-up. | - | 11.1.0 | 11.1.1 | +| 2014-09 | SA-65 | SP-140569 | 0030 | 1 | Corrections for MBMS offline charging using Diameter | A | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | +| 2015-03 | SA-67 | SP-150066 | 0034 | -- | Correction for charging based on MBMS Data Transfer Time | F | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | \ No newline at end of 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No text of specified + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +# Contents + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Architecture considerations..... | 8 | +| 4.1 High level SMS architecture ..... | 8 | +| 4.2 SMS offline charging architecture ..... | 8 | +| 4.3 SMS online charging architecture..... | 8 | +| 5 SMS charging principles and scenarios ..... | 9 | +| 5.1 SMS charging principles..... | 9 | +| 5.1.1 General principles..... | 9 | +| 5.1.2 Segmentation and concatenation ..... | 9 | +| 5.1.3 Triggers for generation of charging information ..... | 9 | +| 5.2 SMS offline charging scenarios ..... | 11 | +| 5.2.1 Basic principles ..... | 11 | +| 5.2.2 Rf message flows..... | 11 | +| 5.2.3 CDR generation ..... | 11 | +| 5.2.3.1 Triggers for xxx-CDR charging information collection ..... | 11 | +| 5.2.3.2 Triggers for xxx-CDR Charging Information Addition ..... | 11 | +| 5.2.3.3 Triggers for xxx-CDR closure..... | 11 | +| 5.2.4 Ga record transfer flows ..... | 11 | +| 5.2.5 B xx CDR file transfer..... | 11 | +| 5.3 SMS online charging scenarios..... | 12 | +| 5.3.1 Basic principles ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.2 Ro message flows..... | 12 | +| 5.3.2.1 Simple Submission ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.2.2 Enhanced Submission..... | 13 | +| 5.3.2.3 Delivery Report..... | 13 | +| 5.3.2.4 Origination retry ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.2.5 Termination charge ..... | 15 | +| 5.3.2.6 Termination charge retry ..... | 17 | +| 5.3.2.7 Unsuccessful transaction..... | 19 | +| 5.3.2.8 IMS/SMS Interworking Messages Charging..... | 21 | +| 5.3.2.9 Simple Submission with SM service request..... | 23 | +| 5.3.3 Credit Control related ..... | 24 | +| 5.3.3.1 Triggers for stopping for an SMS Credit Control session ..... | 24 | +| 5.3.3.2 Triggers for providing interim information for a SMS Credit Control session..... | 24 | +| 6 Definition of charging information..... | 25 | +| 6.1 Data description for SMS offline charging ..... | 25 | +| 6.1.1 Rf message contents ..... | 25 | +| 6.1.1.1 Summary of Offline Charging Message Formats ..... | 25 | +| 6.1.1.2 Structure for the Accounting Message Formats ..... | 25 | +| 6.1.1.2.1 Accounting-Request Message..... | 25 | +| 6.1.1.2.2 Accounting-Answer Message ..... | 25 | +| 6.1.2 Ga message contents..... | 25 | +| 6.1.3 CDR description on the B xx interface..... | 25 | +| 6.2 Data description for SMS online charging..... | 26 | +| 6.2.1 Ro message contents..... | 26 | +| 6.2.1.0 General..... | 26 | +| 6.2.1.1 Summary of Message Formats ..... | 27 | +| 6.2.1.2 Structure for the Credit Control Message Formats ..... | 27 | +| 6.2.1.2.1 Debit/Reserve Units Request Message ..... | 27 | +| 6.2.1.2.2 Debit / Reserve Units Response Message..... | 28 | + +6.3 SMS charging specific parameters..... 29 +6.3.1 Definition of the SMS charging information..... 29 +6.3.1.1 SMS charging information assignment for Service-Information ..... 29 +6.3.1.2 Definition of the SMS Information..... 30 +6.3.2 Formal parameter description..... 31 +6.3.2.1 SMS charging information for CDRs ..... 31 +6.3.2.2 SMS charging information for charging events ..... 31 +Annex A (informative): Change history..... 32 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of a series of documents that specify charging functionality and charging management in GSM/UMTS networks. The GSM/UMTS core network charging architecture and principles are specified in 3GPP TS 32.240 [2], which provides an umbrella for other charging management TSs that specify: + +- the content of the CDRs per domain / subsystem / service (offline charging); +- the content of real-time charging messages per domain / subsystem / service (online charging); +- the functionality of online and offline charging for those domains / subsystems / services; +- the interfaces that are used in the charging framework to transfer the charging information (i.e. CDRs or charging events). + +The complete document structure for these TSs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.240 [2]. + +The present document specifies the Offline and Online Charging description for the Short Message Service (SMS), based on the functional description in 3GPP TS 23.040 [7] and on the SMS over IP in 3GPP TS 23.204 [8]. The present document does not replace existing offline SMS charging functionality and therefore is in addition to that defined in 3GPP TS 32.250 [9] and 3GPP TS 32.251 [10]. This charging description includes the offline and online charging architecture and scenarios specific to SMS, as well as the mapping of the common 3GPP charging architecture specified in 3GPP TS 32.240 [1] onto SMS. It further specifies the structure and content of the CDRs for offline charging, and the charging events for online charging. The present document is related to other 3GPP charging TSs as follows: + +- The common 3GPP charging architecture is specified in 3GPP TS 32.240 [2]; +- The parameters, abstract syntax and encoding rules for the CDRs are specified in 3GPP TS 32.298 [3]; +- A transaction based mechanism for the transfer of CDRs within the network is specified in TS 32.295 [6]; +- The file based mechanism used to transfer the CDRs from the network to the operator's billing domain (e.g. the billing system or a mediation device) is specified in 3GPP TS 32.297 [5]; +- The 3GPP Diameter application that is used for SMS offline and online charging is specified in 3GPP TS 32.299 [4]. + +Furthermore, requirements that govern the charging work are specified in 3GPP TS 22.115 [102]. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.240: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging architecture and principles". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.298: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) parameter description". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.299: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Diameter charging application". + +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.297: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) file format and transfer". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.295: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) transfer". +- [7] 3GPP TS 23.040: "Technical realization of Short Message Service (SMS)" +- [8] 3GPP TS 23.204: "Support of Short Message Service (SMS) over generic 3GPP Internet Protocol (IP) access; Stage 2" +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.250: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Circuit Switched (CS) domain charging". +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.251: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Packet Switched (PS) domain charging". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.296: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Online Charging System (OCS) applications and interfaces". +- [12] IETF RFC 4006: "Diameter Credit-Control Application" +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.270: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) charging". +- [14] 3GPP TS 23.038: "Alphabets and language-specific information". +- [15] 3GPP TS 32.260: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; IP Multimedia Services (IMS) charging". +- [16] 3GPP TS 22.142: " Value Added Services (VAS) for Short Message Service (SMS) requirements " + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1], TS 32.240 [2] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1] or TS 32.240[2]. + +**SMS node:** An SMS node, in this specification, refers to either an SMS router, IP-SM-GW, SMS-SC or a combination of these nodes. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1], TS 32.240 [2] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1] or TS 32.240 [2]. + +# 4 Architecture considerations + +## 4.1 High level SMS architecture + +The high level SMS architecture is as defined in 3GPP TS 23.040 [7]. Only the SMS Router, SMS-SC and the IP-SM-GW are within the scope of this specification. The details for the other nodes in the SMS architecture are defined within 3GPP TS 32.250 [9] and 3GPP TS 32.251 [10]. + +## 4.2 SMS offline charging architecture + +*Editor's Note: The offline architecture is For Further Study.* + +## 4.3 SMS online charging architecture + +For online charging, the relevant SMS nodes utilise the Ro interface and application towards the OCS as specified in TS 32.299 [4]. The Ro reference point covers all online charging functionality required for SMS. + +The SMS online charging architecture is depicted in figure 4.3. + +![Diagram of SMS online charging architecture showing SMS Router, SMS-SC, and IP-SM-GW connected to an Online Charging System via Ro interfaces.](7affafe7362a2d2d072e9d4bf515f0bb_img.jpg) + +``` +graph LR; SR[SMS Router] -- Ro --> OCS[Online Charging System]; SC[SMS-SC] -- Ro --> OCS; ISGW[IP-SM-GW] -- Ro --> OCS; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the SMS online charging architecture. On the left, three rectangular boxes are stacked vertically, labeled 'SMS Router', 'SMS-SC', and 'IP-SM-GW'. Each box has a horizontal line extending from its right side to a central vertical bus. Each of these horizontal lines is labeled 'Ro' at the point where it connects to the bus. The central vertical bus is connected to a large blue rectangular box on the right labeled 'Online Charging System'. + +Diagram of SMS online charging architecture showing SMS Router, SMS-SC, and IP-SM-GW connected to an Online Charging System via Ro interfaces. + +**Figure 4.3: SMS online charging architecture** + +Details on the interfaces and functions can be found in TS 32.240 [2] for the general architecture components, TS 32.296 [11] for the OCS, and 32.299 [4] for the Ro application. + +# --- 5 SMS charging principles and scenarios + +## 5.1 SMS charging principles + +### 5.1.1 General principles + +The Short Message Service comprises 4 main operational scenarios: + +- Person to Person: The message is sent by a UE as originator and received by a UE as destination. +- Person to Application: The message is sent by a UE as originator and received by a third party application as destination. +- Application to Person: The message is sent by a third party application as originator and received by a UE as destination. +- Application to Application: The message is sent by a third party application as originator and received by another third party application as destination. + +In addition SMS Nodes may apply services such as value added services specified in 3GPP TS 22.142 [16], services defined in industry standard protocols for SM submission from applications in a fixed network (protocols such as SMPP, UCP/EMI, OIS, CIMD, etc.) or vendor specific services as endorsed by 3GPP TS 23.040 [7]. + +As such, the SMS node collects charging information such as: + +- the destination and source addresses applied for an SM; +- an indication of origination or termination handling; +- identification of the node(s) and connection(s) involved in the SM transaction; +- SM validity period; +- in scenarios involving an application / VASP, the charging information describes the identification of the application / VASP; +- requested SM service type. + +### 5.1.2 Segmentation and concatenation + +Information about concatenated messages should be sent to the charging systems in order to apply the appropriate charging models. The charging system may be required to be stateful to process information about segmented messages. + +### 5.1.3 Triggers for generation of charging information + +The following service level events shall, based on operator configuration, trigger the generation of charging information: + +- Simple submission – based on reception at the SMS node. +- Enhanced submission – based on completion of the transaction handling at the SMS node. +- Origination retry – based on the enhanced submission where the initial handling fails and a redelivery attempt is initiated. +- Delivery report +- Termination – Application to Person scenario only. +- Termination retry – Application to Person scenario only – reattempt delivery of an SM to a terminating entity; +- SM service request. + +Depending on the charging model applied, a "refund" may be necessary for unsuccessful delivery. + +Error! No text of specified + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +See clause 5.3 for detailed procedures associated with the triggers above. + +## 5.2 SMS offline charging scenarios + +### 5.2.1 Basic principles + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +### 5.2.2 Rf message flows + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +### 5.2.3 CDR generation + +#### 5.2.3.1 Triggers for xxx-CDR charging information collection + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +#### 5.2.3.2 Triggers for xxx-CDR Charging Information Addition + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +#### 5.2.3.3 Triggers for xxx-CDR closure + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +### 5.2.4 Ga record transfer flows + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +### 5.2.5 Bxx CDR file transfer + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +## 5.3 SMS online charging scenarios + +### 5.3.1 Basic principles + +SMS online charging uses the Credit Control application as specified in 3GPP TS 32.299 [4]. + +SMS charging may use the Immediate Event Charging (IEC) principle or the Event Charging with Unit Reservation (ECUR) principle as specified in 3GPP TS 32.299 [4]. The chargeable events for subscriber charging are associated with SM transactions. + +An implementation may use either IEC or ECUR for charging events based on operator configuration. + +The units used for quota shall be service specific and based on an SM. + +The selection of the OCS is implementation specific as there is no guaranteed means of providing the OCS address to the CTF. + +In addition, SMS charging may use the Refund Account principle when the operation has not been successfully completed after an Immediate Event Charging (IEC). + +NOTE: For SMSIP, the IP-SM-GW may receive information relevant for online charging through signalling in IMS. + +### 5.3.2 Ro message flows + +#### 5.3.2.1 Simple Submission + +This clause contains message flows for the different operation models IEC (figure 5.3.2.1-1) and ECUR (figure 5.3.2.1-2). + +![Sequence diagram for online charging in simple submission for IEC. The diagram shows the interaction between an SMS Node and an OCS. The sequence of messages is: 1. SM-Submit or Forward-SM (incoming to SMS Node), 2. Debit Units Request (SMS Node to OCS), 3. Credit processing (internal to OCS), 4. Debit Units Response (OCS to SMS Node), 5. Forward-SM (outgoing from SMS Node).](426efb7efdc753a13f2fa16f7bff9429_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + External->>SMS Node: 1. SM-Submit or Forward-SM + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Debit Units Request + OCS->>OCS: 3. Credit processing + OCS->>SMS Node: 4. Debit Units Response + SMS Node->>External: 5. Forward-SM +``` + +Sequence diagram for online charging in simple submission for IEC. The diagram shows the interaction between an SMS Node and an OCS. The sequence of messages is: 1. SM-Submit or Forward-SM (incoming to SMS Node), 2. Debit Units Request (SMS Node to OCS), 3. Credit processing (internal to OCS), 4. Debit Units Response (OCS to SMS Node), 5. Forward-SM (outgoing from SMS Node). + +**Figure 5.3.2.1-1: Online charging in simple submission for IEC** + +- 1) Depending on which SMS mechanism (i.e. SMS or SMSIP) is in operation, the SMS node receives an incoming SM-Submit or a MAP-Forward-SM. +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Debit Units Request message to the OCS. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response message to the SMS node. +- 5) If authorised, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for the origination procedures. + +![Sequence diagram for Online charging in simple submission for ECUR. The diagram shows interactions between an external source, SMS Node, and OCS. The sequence is: 1. SM-Submit or Forward-SM (external to SMS Node); 2. Reserve Units Request (Initial) (SMS Node to OCS); 3. Credit processing (OCS internal); 4. Reserve Units Response (Initial) (OCS to SMS Node); 5. Forward short message (SMS Node to external); 6. Forward short message acknowledgement (external to SMS Node); 7. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) (SMS Node to OCS); 8. Credit processing (OCS internal); 9. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) (OCS to SMS Node).](eefe19c5e14dc4d6c316b7f7fbb7d7d7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + Note right of OCS: 8. Credit processing + External->>SMS Node: 1. SM-Submit or Forward-SM + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Reserve Units Request (Initial) + OCS-->>SMS Node: 4. Reserve Units Response (Initial) + SMS Node->>External: 5. Forward short message + External-->>SMS Node: 6. Forward short message acknowledgement + SMS Node->>OCS: 7. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) + OCS-->>SMS Node: 9. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Online charging in simple submission for ECUR. The diagram shows interactions between an external source, SMS Node, and OCS. The sequence is: 1. SM-Submit or Forward-SM (external to SMS Node); 2. Reserve Units Request (Initial) (SMS Node to OCS); 3. Credit processing (OCS internal); 4. Reserve Units Response (Initial) (OCS to SMS Node); 5. Forward short message (SMS Node to external); 6. Forward short message acknowledgement (external to SMS Node); 7. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) (SMS Node to OCS); 8. Credit processing (OCS internal); 9. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) (OCS to SMS Node). + +**Figure 5.3.2.1-2: Online charging in simple submission for ECUR** + +- 1) Depending on which SMS mechanism (i.e. SMS or SMSIP) is in operation, the SMS node receives an incoming SM-Submit or a MAP-Forward-SM. +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Reserve Units Request (Initial) message to the OCS. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the SMS node. +- 5) If authorised, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for the origination procedures. +- 6) The SM transaction is successfully acknowledged. +- 7) The SMS node triggers a Reserve Units Request (Terminate) message to the OCS reporting the successful event transaction. +- 8) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 9) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the SMS node.. + +#### 5.3.2.2 Enhanced Submission + +The enhanced submission procedures are similar to the simple submission procedures using ECUR. However, the trigger for Reserve Units Request (Terminate) may be based on unsuccessful handling e.g. negative acknowledgement and with or without successful storage of the message for future redelivery attempts. See failure scenarios defined in clause 5.3.2.7. + +#### 5.3.2.3 Delivery Report + +The origination of delivery reports use the same procedures as the simple submission procedures as described within clause 5.3.2.1. The delivery report itself is contained within a new SM. + +#### 5.3.2.4 Origination retry + +This clause contains message flows for the different operation models IEC (figure 5.3.2.4-1) and ECUR (figure 5.3.2.4-2) for redelivery attempts in the origination direction. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 5.3.2.4-1: Online charging in origination redelivery attempt for IEC. The diagram shows interactions between an SMS Node and an OCS. The sequence is: 1. Internal trigger to attempt redelivery attempt (internal to SMS Node); 2. Debit Units Request (SMS Node to OCS); 3. Credit processing (internal to OCS); 4. Debit Units Response (OCS to SMS Node); 5. Forward short message (SMS Node to OCS).](4ee27dbf5ef12e7b58b0ef0937bc5a5e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note left of SMS Node: 1. Internal trigger to attempt redelivery attempt + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Debit Units Request + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + OCS-->>SMS Node: 4. Debit Units Response + SMS Node->>OCS: 5. Forward short message + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 5.3.2.4-1: Online charging in origination redelivery attempt for IEC. The diagram shows interactions between an SMS Node and an OCS. The sequence is: 1. Internal trigger to attempt redelivery attempt (internal to SMS Node); 2. Debit Units Request (SMS Node to OCS); 3. Credit processing (internal to OCS); 4. Debit Units Response (OCS to SMS Node); 5. Forward short message (SMS Node to OCS). + +**Figure 5.3.2.4-1: Online charging in origination redelivery attempt for IEC** + +- 1) An SMS node internal trigger occurs to attempt a redelivery of a previously failed and stored SM. +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Debit Units Request message to the OCS. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response message to the SMS node. +- 5) If authorised, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for the origination procedures. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 5.3.2.4-2: Online charging in origination redelivery attempt for ECUR. The diagram shows interactions between an SMS Node and an OCS. The sequence is: 1. Internal trigger to attempt redelivery attempt (internal to SMS Node); 2. Reserve Units Request (Initial) (SMS Node to OCS); 3. Credit processing (internal to OCS); 4. Reserve Units Response (Initial) (OCS to SMS Node); 5. Forward short message (SMS Node to OCS); 6. Forward short message acknowledgement (OCS to SMS Node); 7. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) (SMS Node to OCS); 8. Credit processing (internal to OCS); 9. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) (OCS to SMS Node).](a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note left of SMS Node: 1. Internal trigger to attempt redelivery attempt + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Reserve Units Request (Initial) + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + OCS-->>SMS Node: 4. Reserve Units Response (Initial) + SMS Node->>OCS: 5. Forward short message + OCS-->>SMS Node: 6. Forward short message acknowledgement + SMS Node->>OCS: 7. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) + Note right of OCS: 8. Credit processing + OCS-->>SMS Node: 9. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 5.3.2.4-2: Online charging in origination redelivery attempt for ECUR. The diagram shows interactions between an SMS Node and an OCS. The sequence is: 1. Internal trigger to attempt redelivery attempt (internal to SMS Node); 2. Reserve Units Request (Initial) (SMS Node to OCS); 3. Credit processing (internal to OCS); 4. Reserve Units Response (Initial) (OCS to SMS Node); 5. Forward short message (SMS Node to OCS); 6. Forward short message acknowledgement (OCS to SMS Node); 7. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) (SMS Node to OCS); 8. Credit processing (internal to OCS); 9. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) (OCS to SMS Node). + +**Figure 5.3.2.4-2: Online charging in origination redelivery attempt for ECUR** + +- 1) An SMS node internal trigger occurs to attempt a redelivery of a previously failed and stored SM. +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Reserve Units Request (Initial) message to the OCS. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the SMS node. + +- 5) If authorised, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for the origination or termination procedures. +- 6) The SM transaction is successfully acknowledged. +- 7) The SMS node triggers a Reserve Units Request (Terminate) message to the OCS reporting the successful event transaction. +- 8) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 9) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the SMS node. + +#### 5.3.2.5 Termination charge + +![Sequence diagram for online charging in termination for IEC](75f0cb39f1cd165dfe4a6aa6c4d9388d_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + Note left of SMS Node: 5. Standard SMS handling + External->>SMS Node: 1. SM-SUBMIT + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Debit Units Request + OCS-->>SMS Node: 4. Debit Units Response +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction for online charging in termination for IEC. It features two main lifelines: 'SMS Node' and 'OCS'. The sequence of events is as follows: 1. An external 'SM-SUBMIT' message is received by the SMS Node. 2. The SMS Node sends a 'Debit Units Request' to the OCS. 3. The OCS performs 'Credit processing' (shown in a box on its lifeline). 4. The OCS sends a 'Debit Units Response' back to the SMS Node. 5. The SMS Node performs 'Standard SMS handling' (shown in a box on its lifeline). + +Sequence diagram for online charging in termination for IEC + +**Figure 5.3.2.5-1: Online charging in termination for IEC** + +- 1) The SMS node receives an incoming SM-SUBMIT from an application destined for a mobile recipient. + +NOTE: This scenario differs from simple submission charging as described in subclause 5.3.2.1 in that typically the mobile recipient (instead of originator or both parties) will be charged for such a short message. + +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Debit Units Request message to the OCS. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response message to the SMS node. +- 5) If authorised, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for the termination procedures. + +![Sequence diagram showing online charging in termination for ECUR between an SMS Node and an OCS.](0f985b39edc1d52ba3600c438bc8f0a5_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + Note right of OCS: 8. Credit processing + + External->>SMS Node: 1. SM-SUBMIT + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Reserve Units Request (Initial) + OCS->>OCS: 3. Credit processing + OCS->>SMS Node: 4. Reserve Units Response (Initial) + SMS Node->>External: 5. Forward short message + External->>SMS Node: 6. Forward short message acknowledgement + SMS Node->>OCS: 7. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) + OCS->>OCS: 8. Credit processing + OCS->>SMS Node: 9. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of interactions between an SMS Node and an OCS for online charging. It begins with an external SM-SUBMIT message to the SMS Node. The SMS Node sends an initial Reserve Units Request to the OCS, which performs credit processing and responds. The SMS Node then forwards the short message externally and receives an acknowledgement. Finally, the SMS Node sends a terminate Reserve Units Request to the OCS, which performs further credit processing and sends a terminate response. + +Sequence diagram showing online charging in termination for ECUR between an SMS Node and an OCS. + +**Figure 5.3.2.5-2: Online charging in termination for ECUR** + +- 1) The SMS node receives an incoming SM-SUBMIT from an application destined for a mobile recipient. + +NOTE: This scenario differs from simple submission charging as described in subclause 5.3.2.1 in that typically the mobile recipient (instead of originator or both parties) will be charged for such a short message. + +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Reserve Units Request (Initial) message to the OCS. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the SMS node. +- 5) If authorised, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for the termination procedures. +- 6) The SM transaction is successfully acknowledged. +- 7) The SMS node triggers a Reserve Units Request (Terminate) message to the OCS reporting the successful event transaction. +- 8) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 9) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the SMS node. + +#### 5.3.2.6 Termination charge retry + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 5.3.2.6-1: Online charging in termination redelivery attempt for IEC. The diagram shows the interaction between an SMS Node and an OCS. The SMS Node sends an internal trigger to attempt redelivery (1), followed by a Debit Units Request (2) to the OCS. The OCS performs credit processing (3) and responds with a Debit Units Response (4). Finally, the SMS Node performs standard SMS handling (5).](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note left of SMS Node: 1. Internal trigger to attempt redelivery attempt + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Debit Units Request + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + OCS->>SMS Node: 4. Debit Units Response + Note left of SMS Node: 5. Standard SMS handling + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 5.3.2.6-1: Online charging in termination redelivery attempt for IEC. The diagram shows the interaction between an SMS Node and an OCS. The SMS Node sends an internal trigger to attempt redelivery (1), followed by a Debit Units Request (2) to the OCS. The OCS performs credit processing (3) and responds with a Debit Units Response (4). Finally, the SMS Node performs standard SMS handling (5). + +**Figure 5.3.2.6-1: Online charging in termination redelivery attempt for IEC** + +- 1) An SMS node internal trigger occurs to attempt a redelivery of a previously failed and stored SM. +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Debit Units Request message to the OCS. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response message to the SMS node. +- 5) If authorised, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for the termination procedures. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 5.3.2.6-2: Online charging in termination redelivery attempt for ECUR. The diagram shows the interaction between an SMS Node and an OCS. The SMS Node sends an internal trigger to attempt redelivery (1), followed by a Reserve Units Request (Initial) (2) to the OCS. The OCS performs credit processing (3) and responds with a Reserve Units Response (Initial) (4). The SMS Node then forwards the short message (5), receives an acknowledgement (6), sends a Reserve Units Request (Terminate) (7), the OCS performs credit processing (8), and responds with a Reserve Units Response (9).](21ad58fee90f2be50708ff541d225507_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note left of SMS Node: 1. Internal trigger to attempt redelivery attempt + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Reserve Units Request (Initial) + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + OCS->>SMS Node: 4. Reserve Units Response (Initial) + SMS Node->>OCS: 5. Forward short message + OCS->>SMS Node: 6. Forward short message acknowledgement + SMS Node->>OCS: 7. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) + Note right of OCS: 8. Credit processing + OCS->>SMS Node: 9. Reserve Units Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 5.3.2.6-2: Online charging in termination redelivery attempt for ECUR. The diagram shows the interaction between an SMS Node and an OCS. The SMS Node sends an internal trigger to attempt redelivery (1), followed by a Reserve Units Request (Initial) (2) to the OCS. The OCS performs credit processing (3) and responds with a Reserve Units Response (Initial) (4). The SMS Node then forwards the short message (5), receives an acknowledgement (6), sends a Reserve Units Request (Terminate) (7), the OCS performs credit processing (8), and responds with a Reserve Units Response (9). + +**Figure 5.3.2.6-2: Online charging in termination redelivery attempt for ECUR** + +- 1) An SMS node internal trigger occurs to attempt a redelivery of a previously failed and stored SM. +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Reserve Units Request (Initial) message to the OCS. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the SMS node. + +- 5) If authorised, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for the termination procedures. +- 6) The SM transaction is successfully acknowledged. +- 7) The SMS node triggers a Reserve Units Request (Terminate) message to the OCS reporting the successful event transaction. +- 8) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 9) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the SMS node. + +#### 5.3.2.7 Unsuccessful transaction + +Unsuccessful transaction after IEC + +The following flow in figure 5.3.2.7-1 only applies where a refund action is required for unsuccessful delivery. + +![Sequence diagram for Unsuccessful transaction after IEC](8592a32c2fdf17c1e562f0ba6b7e8e1a_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note left of SMS Node: 1. Trigger to attempt delivery + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Debit Units Request + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + OCS-->>SMS Node: 4. Debit Units Response + SMS Node->>OCS: 5. Forward short message + OCS-->>SMS Node: 6. Forward short message NOK + SMS Node->>OCS: 7. Debit Units Request (Refund Account) + Note right of OCS: 8. Credit Refund + OCS-->>SMS Node: 9. Debit Units Response (Refund Account) +``` + +The diagram is a sequence diagram illustrating the interaction between an SMS Node and an OCS for an unsuccessful transaction after IEC. It consists of two lifelines: SMS Node and OCS. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. A trigger to attempt delivery occurs at the SMS Node. 2. The SMS Node sends a 'Debit Units Request' to the OCS. 3. The OCS performs 'Credit processing'. 4. The OCS sends a 'Debit Units Response' back to the SMS Node. 5. The SMS Node sends a 'Forward short message' to the OCS. 6. The OCS responds with a 'Forward short message NOK'. 7. The SMS Node then sends a 'Debit Units Request (Refund Account)' to the OCS. 8. The OCS performs a 'Credit Refund'. 9. Finally, the OCS sends a 'Debit Units Response (Refund Account)' back to the SMS Node. + +Sequence diagram for Unsuccessful transaction after IEC + +**Figure 5.3.2.7-1: Unsuccessful transaction after IEC** + +- 1) The SMS node receives a trigger to attempt delivery of an SM. This may be for origination, termination or redelivery attempt. +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Debit Units Request message to the OCS. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response message to the SMS node. +- 5) If authorised, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for origination or termination procedures. +- 6) The SM transaction is acknowledged as an unsuccessful transaction (either via explicit signalling or an internal trigger). +- 7) The SMS node triggers a Debit Units Request (Refund Account) message to the OCS. +- 8) The OCS performs the appropriate refund processing based on the received request. +- 9) The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response (Refund Account) message to the SMS node. + +##### Unsuccessful transaction in ECUR + +![Sequence diagram showing an unsuccessful transaction in ECUR between an SMS Node and an OCS.](8fa679f79a1bb1f527cba9f29e784e89_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note left of SMS Node: 1. Trigger to attempt delivery + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Reserve Units Request (Initial) + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + OCS-->>SMS Node: 4. Reserve Units Response (Initial) + SMS Node->>OCS: 5. Forward short message + OCS-->>SMS Node: 6. Forward short message NOK + SMS Node->>OCS: 7. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) + Note right of OCS: 8. Credit processing + OCS-->>SMS Node: 9. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of interactions between an SMS Node and an OCS for an unsuccessful transaction. It begins with the SMS Node sending a 'Trigger to attempt delivery' (1). It then sends a 'Reserve Units Request (Initial)' (2) to the OCS, which performs 'Credit processing' (3) and responds with a 'Reserve Units Response (Initial)' (4). The SMS Node then attempts to 'Forward short message' (5), but the OCS responds with a 'Forward short message NOK' (6). The SMS Node then sends a 'Reserve Units Request (Terminate)' (7) to the OCS, which performs another 'Credit processing' (8) and responds with a 'Reserve Units Response (Terminate)' (9). + +Sequence diagram showing an unsuccessful transaction in ECUR between an SMS Node and an OCS. + +**Figure 5.3.2.7-2: Unsuccessful transaction for ECUR** + +- 1) The SMS node receives a trigger occurs to attempt delivery of an SM. This may be for origination, termination or redelivery attempt. +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Reserve Units Request (Initial) message to the OCS. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the SMS node. +- 5) If authorised, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for the origination or termination procedures. +- 6) The SM transaction is acknowledged as an unsuccessful transaction (either via explicit signalling or an internal trigger). +- 7) The SMS node triggers a Reserve Units Request (Terminate) message to the OCS reporting the used unit for the service to zero. This characterizes the unsuccessful event transaction. +- 8) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 9) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the SMS node. + +#### 5.3.2.8 IMS/SMS Interworking Messages Charging + +This clause contains message flows for the different operation models IEC (figure 5.3.2.8-1) and ECUR (figure 5.3.2.8-2) for IMS/SMS Interworking messages in the origination direction. + +![Sequence diagram for IMS/SMS Interworking Messages Charging (IEC model).](523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant IP_SM_GW as IP-SM-GW + participant OCS + Note right of IP_SM_GW: 2. Parse the SIP MESSAGE + Note right of OCS: 4. Credit processing + Note right of IP_SM_GW: 6. Convert the SIP MESSAGE to 1 or n short messages + + External->>IP_SM_GW: 1. SIP MESSAGE + IP_SM_GW->>OCS: 3. Debit Units Request + OCS->>IP_SM_GW: 5. Debit Units Response + IP_SM_GW->>External: 7. Forward segmented short messages +``` + +The diagram illustrates the message flow for online charging in the origination direction for the IEC model. It involves two main entities: IP-SM-GW and OCS. The process starts with an incoming SIP MESSAGE (1) to the IP-SM-GW. The IP-SM-GW then parses the message (2) and sends a Debit Units Request (3) to the OCS. The OCS performs credit processing (4) and responds with a Debit Units Response (5). The IP-SM-GW then converts the SIP MESSAGE into 1 or n short messages (6) and forwards the segmented short messages (7) to the destination. + +Sequence diagram for IMS/SMS Interworking Messages Charging (IEC model). + +**Figure 5.3.2.8-1: Online charging in origination IMS/SMS Interworking Messages for IEC** + +- 1) The IP-SM-GW receives an incoming SIP MESSAGE. +- 2) The IP-SM-GW parses the SIP MESSAGE. +- 3) The IP-SM-GW triggers a Debit Units Request message to the OCS. +- 4) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received Debit Units Request. +- 5) The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response message to the IP-SM-GW. +- 6) IP-SM-GW converts the SIP MESSAGE to 1 or n ( $n \geq 1$ ) short messages. +- 7) If authorised, the IP-SM-GW forwards the segmented short messages. + +![Sequence diagram showing online charging in origination IMS/SMS Interworking Messages for ECUR. The diagram involves two main entities: IP-SM-GW and OCS. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. SIP MESSAGE (incoming to IP-SM-GW), 2. Parse the SIP MESSAGE (internal to IP-SM-GW), 3. Reserve Units Request (Initial) (IP-SM-GW to OCS), 4. Credit processing (internal to OCS), 5. Reserve Units Response (Initial) (OCS to IP-SM-GW), 6. Convert the SIP MESSAGE 1 or n short messages (internal to IP-SM-GW), 7. Forward segmented short messages (IP-SM-GW to OCS), 8. Forward segmented short messages acknowledgement (OCS to IP-SM-GW), 9. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) (IP-SM-GW to OCS), 10. Credit processing (internal to OCS), 11. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) (OCS to IP-SM-GW).](c5655e700cc3e9aac7e9f4f07f30264d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant Ext as External + participant GW as IP-SM-GW + participant OCS as OCS + + Ext->>GW: 1. SIP MESSAGE + Note over GW: 2. Parse the SIP MESSAGE + GW->>OCS: 3. Reserve Units Request (Initial) + Note over OCS: 4. Credit processing + OCS->>GW: 5. Reserve Units Response (Initial) + Note over GW: 6. Convert the SIP MESSAGE +1 or n short messages + GW->>OCS: 7. Forward segmented short messages + Note over GW,OCS: ... + OCS->>GW: 8. Forward segmented short messages acknowledgement + Note over GW,OCS: ... + GW->>OCS: 9. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) + Note over OCS: 10. Credit processing + OCS->>GW: 11. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing online charging in origination IMS/SMS Interworking Messages for ECUR. The diagram involves two main entities: IP-SM-GW and OCS. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. SIP MESSAGE (incoming to IP-SM-GW), 2. Parse the SIP MESSAGE (internal to IP-SM-GW), 3. Reserve Units Request (Initial) (IP-SM-GW to OCS), 4. Credit processing (internal to OCS), 5. Reserve Units Response (Initial) (OCS to IP-SM-GW), 6. Convert the SIP MESSAGE 1 or n short messages (internal to IP-SM-GW), 7. Forward segmented short messages (IP-SM-GW to OCS), 8. Forward segmented short messages acknowledgement (OCS to IP-SM-GW), 9. Reserve Units Request (Terminate) (IP-SM-GW to OCS), 10. Credit processing (internal to OCS), 11. Reserve Units Response (Terminate) (OCS to IP-SM-GW). + +**Figure 5.3.2.8-2: Online charging in origination IMS/SMS Interworking Messages for ECUR** + +- 1) The IP-SM-GW receives an incoming SIP MESSAGE. +- 2) The IP-SM-GW parses the SIP MESSAGE. +- 3) The IP-SM-GW triggers a Reserve Units Request (Initial) message to the OCS. +- 4) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received Reserve Units Request. +- 5) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the IP-SM-GW. +- 6) IP-SM-GW converts the SIP MESSAGE to 1 or n ( $n \geq 1$ ) short messages. +- 7) If authorised, the IP-SM-GW forwards segmented short messages. +- 8) All the short messages transactions are successfully acknowledged. +- 9) The IP-SM-GW triggers a Reserve Units Request (Terminate) message to the OCS reporting the successful event transaction. +- 10) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. + +11) The OCS responds with a Reserve Units Response message to the IP-SM-GW. + +#### 5.3.2.9 Simple Submission with SM service request + +This clause contains message flows for operation models IEC (figure 5.3.2.9-1) where application of a SM service is subject to charging independent from the SM submission. + +**Editors Note: Simple SM submission with SM service request for operation model ECUR is FFS.** + +![Sequence diagram for online charging in simple submission with SM service request for IEC. The diagram shows interactions between an external source, an SMS Node, and an OCS. The process involves an initial SM-SUBMIT, followed by a Debit Units Request, credit processing, a response, a service request detection, a second Debit Units Request, another credit processing, a second response, service application, and finally a Forward-SM message.](5793a44ffdadd039928e2f9fe6daae06_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant SMS Node + participant OCS + Note right of OCS: 3. Credit processing + Note right of OCS: 7. Credit processing 2 + Note right of SMS Node: 5. SM Service Requested + Note right of SMS Node: 9. Service Application + + External->>SMS Node: 1. SM-SUBMIT + SMS Node->>OCS: 2. Debit Units Request 1 + OCS->>OCS: 3. Credit processing + OCS->>SMS Node: 4. Debit Units Response 1 + SMS Node->>SMS Node: 5. SM Service Requested + SMS Node->>OCS: 6. Debit Units Request 2 + OCS->>OCS: 7. Credit processing 2 + OCS->>SMS Node: 8. Debit Units Response 2 + SMS Node->>SMS Node: 9. Service Application + SMS Node->>External: 10. Forward -SM + +``` + +Sequence diagram for online charging in simple submission with SM service request for IEC. The diagram shows interactions between an external source, an SMS Node, and an OCS. The process involves an initial SM-SUBMIT, followed by a Debit Units Request, credit processing, a response, a service request detection, a second Debit Units Request, another credit processing, a second response, service application, and finally a Forward-SM message. + +**Figure 5.3.2.9-1: Online charging in simple submission with SM service request for IEC** + +- 1) Depending on which SMS mechanism (i.e. SMS or SMSIP) is in operation, the SMS node receives an incoming SM-Submit or a MAP-Forward-SM which includes a SM service request (such as forwarding or SM copy). +- 2) The SMS node triggers a Debit Units Request message to the OCS for the SM submission. +- 3) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 4) The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response message for the SM submission to the SMS node. +- 5) If normal SM processing is authorized in step 4, the SMS Node analyzes the SM and detects that a SM service must be applied that is subject to charging. +- 6) If a SM service subject to charging is detected in step 5, the SMS node triggers an additional Debit Units Request message to the OCS for the requested SM service. +- 7) The OCS performs the appropriate credit processing based on the received request. +- 8) The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response message for the requested SM service to the SMS node. +- 9) If authorised in step 7, the SMS node applies the requested SM service. + +NOTE 1: Depending on the nature of the requested SM service, "service application" may involve creating additional messages (for example in case of a SM copy service). This is deemed part of step 9 and not otherwise shown in this diagram. + +10) If authorised in step 4, the SMS node continues the SM processing as appropriate for the origination procedures. + +NOTE 2: Authorization of SM processing is independent of the authorization for application of a SM service. I.e. If authorization is for SM processing is granted in step 4 but authorization for SM service is refused in step 8 SM processing appropriate for the originating service continues without applying the requested SM service. + +### 5.3.3 Credit Control related + +#### 5.3.3.1 Triggers for stopping for an SMS Credit Control session + +Used in ECUR only, a Debit / Reserve Units Request message to terminate the credit control session is sent to OCS when: + +- Validity time for granted quota expires +- Granted quota runs out (i.e. a successful event has occurred) +- Abort-Session-Request is received from the OCS + +The expiration of the validity time for quota does not require the SMS procedures to be terminated. The CTF shall be configurable as to whether on expiration of validity time, the service should be aborted or not; i.e. whether the stored message should be deleted and no further (re-)delivery attempt should be made. + +#### 5.3.3.2 Triggers for providing interim information for a SMS Credit Control session + +The provision of interim information for credit control is not used in this release of the specification, due to the use of IEC and ECUR. + +# --- 6 Definition of charging information + +## 6.1 Data description for SMS offline charging + +### 6.1.1 Rf message contents + +#### 6.1.1.1 Summary of Offline Charging Message Formats + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +#### 6.1.1.2 Structure for the Accounting Message Formats + +##### 6.1.1.2.1 Accounting-Request Message + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +##### 6.1.1.2.2 Accounting-Answer Message + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +### 6.1.2 Ga message contents + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +### 6.1.3 CDR description on the Bxx interface + +*Editor's Note: For Further Study.* + +## 6.2 Data description for SMS online charging + +### 6.2.1 Ro message contents + +#### 6.2.1.0 General + +The SMS node generates Debit / Reserve Units information that can be transferred from the CTF to the OCF. For this purpose, SMS online charging utilises the *Debit Units and Reserve Units* procedure that is specified in the 3GPP Debit / Reserve Units operation in 3GPP TS 32.299 [4]. + +The SMS node generates refund information that can be transferred from the CTF to the OCF. For this purpose, it uses REFUND procedure defined in IETF RFC 4006 [12] with extended AVPs. + +The *Debit / Reserve Units* procedure employs the *Debit / Reserve Units Request* and *Debit / Reserve Units Response* messages. + +The Refund Account procedure employs the Debit Units Request (Refund Account) request and response messages. + +Table 6.2.1 describes the use of these messages for SMS online charging. + +**Table 6.2.1: SMS Online Charging Messages contents** + +| Command-Name | Source | Destination | +|--------------------------------|--------|-------------| +| Debit / Reserve Units Request | CTF | OCS | +| Debit / Reserve Units Response | OCS | CTF | + +This clause 6.2.1 describes the different fields used in the credit control messages. + +Detailed descriptions of the fields are provided in 3GPP TS 32.299 [4]. + +#### 6.2.1.1 Summary of Message Formats + +#### 6.2.1.2 Structure for the Credit Control Message Formats + +##### 6.2.1.2.1 Debit/Reserve Units Request Message + +Table 6.2.1.2.1 illustrates the basic structure of a *Debit / Reserve Units Request* message from SMS node as used for SMS online charging. + +**Table 6.2.1.2.1: *Debit / Reserve Units Request* Message Contents for SMS** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|-----------------------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Session Identifier | M | This field identifies the operation session. | +| Originator Host | M | This field contains the identification of the source point of the operation. | +| Originator Domain | M | This field contains the realm of the operation originator. | +| Destination Domain | M | This field contains the realm of the operation destination. | +| Operation Identifier | M | This field is a unique operation identifier. | +| Operation Token | M | This field contains the service context, i.e. SMS charging. | +| Operation Type | M | This field defines the transfer type: event for immediate event based charging and initial, terminate for ECUR based charging. | +| Operation Number | M | This field contains the sequence number of the transferred messages. | +| Destination Host | O C | This field contains the identification of the destination point of the operation. | +| User Name | O C | This field contains the identification of the source node. | +| Origination State | O C | Used for ECUR only. | +| Origination Timestamp | O C | This field contains the time when the operation is requested. | +| Subscriber Identifier | O M | This field contains the identification of the subscriber (i.e. MSISDN) that uses the requested service. | +| Termination Cause | O C | This field contains information about the cause for termination of a credit control session. Used for terminating credit control sessions in ECUR only. | +| Requested-Action | O C | This field contains the requested action, used for IEC only. | +| Multiple Operation | O M | This field indicate the occurrence of multiple operations. Used for ECUR only | +| Multiple Unit Operation | O C | This field contains the parameter for the quota management. Used for ECUR only | +| Subscriber Equipment Number | O C | This field contains the identification of the user equipment used to access service. Included if information is made available to the node. | +| Proxy Information | O C | This field contains the parameter of the proxy. | +| Route Information | O C | This field contains the parameter of the route. | +| Service Information | O M | This field holds the SMS specific parameter and is described in clause 6.3. | + +##### 6.2.1.2.2 Debit / Reserve Units Response Message + +Table 6.2.1.2.2 illustrates the basic structure of a Debit / Reserve Units Response message as used for SMS charging. This message is always used by the OCS as specified below, independent of the receiving SMS node and the operation type that is being replied to. + +**Table 6.2.1.2.2: Debit / Reserve Units Response Message Contents for SMS** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|--------------------------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Session Identifier | M | This field identifies the operation session. | +| Operation Result | M | This field identifies the result of the operation. | +| Originator Host | M | This field contains the identification of the source point of the operation. | +| Originator Domain | M | This field contains the realm of the operation originator. | +| Operation Identifier | M | This field is a unique operation identifier. | +| Operation Type | M | This field defines the transfer type: event for event based charging and start, interim, stop for session based charging. | +| Operation Number | M | This field contains the sequence number of the transferred messages. | +| Operation Failover | - | Not used for SMS in 3GPP. | +| Multiple Unit Operation | O C | This field contains the parameter for the quota management. Used in IEC for refund purpose and in ECUR. | +| Operation Failure Action | O C | This field defines the resulting operation at the SMS node if a failure has occurred at the OCS for ECUR. | +| Operation Event Failure Action | O C | This field defines the resulting operation at the SMS node if a failure has occurred at the OCS for IEC. | +| Redirection Host | O C | | +| Redirection Host Usage | O C | | +| Redirection Cache Time | O C | | +| Proxy Information | O C | This field contains the parameter of the proxy. | +| Route Information | O C | This field contains the parameter of the route. | +| Failed parameter | O C | This field contains missing and/or unsupported parameter that caused the failure. | +| Service Information | O C | This field contains SMS specific information. | + +Editor's Note: The mechanism to carry refund information is For Future Study. + +## 6.3 SMS charging specific parameters + +### 6.3.1 Definition of the SMS charging information + +#### 6.3.1.1 SMS charging information assignment for Service-Information + +The components in the Service Information that are used for SMS charging can be found in table 6.3.1.1. + +**Table 6.3.1.1: Service Information used for SMS Charging** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|----------------------------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Service Information | O M | This is a structured field and holds the 3GPP specific parameter as defined in TS 32.299 [50]. For SMS Charging the SMS-Information and selected parameters of MMS Information, PS-Information and IMS information are used. | +| SMS Information | O M | This is a structured field and holds the SMS specific parameters. The details are defined in table 6.3.1.2. | +| MMS Information | O M | This is a structure field and the following parameters are specific to SMS. The complete structure is defined in 3GPP TS 32.270 [13] | +| Originator Address | O M | This field holds the address of the originator of the SM. This will typically be an E.164 number or a shortcode. Multiple addresses may be carried if additional information is available, e.g. IMSI and E.164 number. | +| Submission Time | O C | This field holds the timestamp of when the submitted SM arrived at the originating SMS Node. The information to populate this field is obtained from the TP-Service-Center-Time-Stamp (TP-SCTS) as defined in 3GPP TS 23.040 [7]. If a refund or retransmission is required, the timestamp carries the timestamp associated with the original submitted SM. | +| Priority | O C | This field holds any priority information associated with an SM. Applicable to terminating procedures only. Priority handling is defined in 3GPP TS 23.040 [13]. The value "low" is not applicable. | +| Message Id | O M | This field carries the identity used to identify an SM in the SMS node associated with entity that submitted it. The information to populate this field is obtained from the TP-Message-Reference (TP-MR) as defined in 3GPP TS 23.040 [7]. | +| Message Size | O M | This field carries the length of the user data part of the SM. The information to populate this field is obtained from the TP-User-Data-Length (TP-UDL) as defined in 3GPP TS 23.040 [7] | +| Message Class | O M | Used as defined in 3GPP TS 32.270 [13]. It is implementation dependent the value selected for a specific transaction. | +| Delivery Report Requested | O C | This field indicates whether a delivery report is requested by the SM originator. The information to populate this field is obtained from the TP-Status-Report-Request (TP-SRR) as defined in 3GPP TS 23.040 [7] | +| PS Information | O C | This is a structured field and the following parameters are specific to SMS. The complete structure is defined in TS 32.251 [11]. | +| PDP Address | O C | This field holds the IP address used by the subscriber for the SMS transaction. Included if the SMS node is the IP-SM-GW. | +| 3GPP User Location Info | O C | This field holds the information about the location of the subscriber during the SMS transaction. | +| 3GPP RAT Type | O C | This field holds information about the radio access technology used for the SMS transaction. | +| MS Time Zone | O C | This field indicates the offset between universal time and local time in steps of 15 minutes of where the MS currently resides. | +| IMS Information | O C | This is a structured field and the following parameters are specific to SMS. The complete structure is defined in TS 32.260 [15]. | +| User Session Id | O C | This field holds the session identifier. For a SIP session the Session-ID contains the SIP Call ID. | +| Number Portability routing information | O C | This field includes information on number portability after DNS/ENUM request from S-CSCF in the calling user's home network. | +| Carrier Select routing information | O C | This field includes information on carrier select after DNS/ENUM request from S-CSCF in the calling user's home network. | + +Error! No text of specified + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Definition of the SMS Information + +The components in the SMS Information that are used for SMS charging can be found in table 6.3.1.2. + +**Table 6.3.1.2: SMS Information used for SMS Charging** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|-----------------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| SMS Node | O M | Identifies the SMS Node as IP-SM-GW or SMS Router or a combined IP-SM-GW / SMS Router or as SMS-SC. | +| SM Client Address | O M | This field holds the address of the SMS node to which the charging system is connected to. This may be the same as the SMSC Address field. | +| Originator SCCP Address | O C | This field holds the SCCP calling address used to receive the SM at the SMS node. Only present if SMSIP is not used for the inward connection. | +| Originator Received Address | O C | This field holds the original, unmodified address of the originator of the SM, as received by the SMS node, in case address manipulation (such as number plan corrections) have been applied in the SMS node. This will typically be an E.164 number or a shortcode. Multiple addresses may be carried if additional information is available, e.g. IMSI and E.164 number. | +| Recipient Info | O C | This field holds recipient information for the SM. Each occurrence of this field denotes a different recipient.
Multiple occurrences of this field are allowed in case
- multiple recipients are associated with the charged event and
- all other charging information is identical for all recipients.
In case the SM contains a Delivery Report, as described in subclause 5.3.2.3, this field identifies the recipient of this Delivery Report. This recipient information must correspond to the originator information of the message that triggered this Delivery Report. (Note 2) | +| Recipient Address | O C | This field holds the address of the recipient of the SM. This will typically be an E.164 number or a shortcode. Multiple addresses may be carried if additional information is available, e.g. shortcode or IMSI and E.164 number. | +| Recipient Received Address | O C | This field holds the original, unmodified address of the recipient of the SM, as received by the SMS node, in case address manipulation (such as number plan corrections) have been applied in the SMS node. This will typically be an E.164 number or a shortcode. Multiple addresses may be carried if additional information is available, e.g. shortcode or IMSI and E.164 number. | +| Recipient SCCP Address | O C | This field holds the SCCP called address used by the SMS node to onward deliver the SM. Only present if SMSIP is not used for the outward connection. | +| SM Destination Interface | O M | This is a structured field containing information describing the interface on which the SM is to be delivered (i.e. the next hop)
In case the charging event is for person to application messaging or for application to application messaging (see subclause 5.1.1) this field holds the identification of the application. (See also Note 3) | +| SM Protocol Id | O C | This field holds the TP-PROTOCOL-ID (TP-PID) as defined in 3GPP TS 23.040 [7]. This field relates to the recipient when charging MT SMS messages as specified in 32.240 [1]. | +| SMSC Address | O M | This field holds the address of the SMSC to which the originating or terminating SM is directed to. | +| SM Data Coding Scheme | O M | This field holds the data coding scheme used within the SM. The information to populate this field is obtained from TP-DCS header. | +| SM Message Type | O M | This field identifies the message that triggered the generation of charging information. | +| SM Originator Interface | O M | This is a structured field containing information describing the interface on which the SM was received by the SMS node (i.e. the previous hop)
In case the charging event is for application to person messaging or for application to application messaging (see subclause 5.1.1) this field holds the identification of the application. (See also Note 3) | +| SM Protocol Id | O C | This field holds the TP-PROTOCOL-ID (TP-PID) as defined in 3GPP TS 23.040 [7]. This field relates to the originator when charging MO SMS messages as specified in 32.240 [1]. | +| SM Reply Path Requested | O C | This field carries an indication of whether a reply SM to an original SM shall follow the same path as identified by the TP-Reply-Path (TP-RP) flag. | +| SM User Data Header | O C | This field carries the user data header extracted from the user data of the SM. The user data header (TP-UDH) is specified in 3GPP TS 23.040 [7]. | +| SM Status | O C | This field holds the information from the TP-Status field in a Status-Report TPDU. This information is only applicable to delivery report charging procedures or where ECUR is employed. | +| SM Discharge Time | O C | This field holds the time associated with the event being reported in the SM Status field. This information is only applicable to delivery report charging procedures. | +| Number of Messages Sent | O C | Indicates the number of SMSs sent by the IMS application if applicable. | + +| | | | +|-----------------|----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| SM Service Type | Oc | This field indicates the type of SM service that caused the charging interaction. It is only applicable for SM supplementary service procedures. | +|-----------------|----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| + +NOTE 1: The case of multi-destinations of SMS refers to SMS and Internet Electronic Mail interworking as specified in subclause 3.8 of TS 23.040 [7] + +NOTE 2: Implementations vary as to the originator address that is presented to an end user for a Delivery Report. Typically the originator address either identifies the SMS node that generated the Delivery Report or the originator address of a Delivery Report identifies the recipient of the original message that triggered this Report. It is expected that the charging event contains the information presented to the end user. + +NOTE 3: There is a distinction between short numbers (as conveyed in originator and/or recipient address fields) and the identification of SM applications (as carried in SM Originator Interface and/or SM Destination Interface). Short numbers are used by end users to address a service of an applications. Multiple short numbers may map to one application capable of multiple services. The identification of an application is how an application is known to the operator. + +### 6.3.2 Formal parameter description + +#### 6.3.2.1 SMS charging information for CDRs + +Editor's Note: For Future Study. + +#### 6.3.2.2 SMS charging information for charging events + +Editor's Note: For Future Study. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Ca t | Old | New | +| Sep 2007 | SP-37 | SP-070620 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#37 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Dec 2007 | SP-38 | SP-070748 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#38 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2007 | -- | -- | -- | -- | editHelp: the figures are now visible in normal view | -- | 8.0.0 | 8.0.1 | +| Mar 2008 | SP-39 | SP-080074 | 0001 | -- | Correction on Service Information for SMS Charging | F | 8.0.1 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2008 | SP-40 | SP-080330 | 0002 | -- | Support of Number Portability and Carrier Selection in SMS Online Charging | B | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| Sep 2008 | SP-41 | SP-081216 | 0003 | -- | Multiple SMS destination – Alignment with TS 23.040 | C | 8.2.0 | 8.3.0 | +| Sep 2008 | SP-41 | SP-081224 | 0004 | -- | Introduce Online Charging from SMS-SC into 3GPP TS 32.274 | B | 8.2.0 | 8.3.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SP-42 | SP-080706 | 0005 | -- | Correction on Multiple Unit Operation category | F | 8.3.0 | 8.4.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SP-42 | SP-080706 | 0006 | -- | Add SMS-SC as SMS node type | B | 8.3.0 | 8.4.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SP-42 | SP-080706 | 0007 | -- | Additional Address Info for SMS charging | B | 8.3.0 | 8.4.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SP-42 | SP-080706 | 0008 | -- | Add charging of SMS services to 32.274 | B | 8.3.0 | 8.4.0 | +| Mar 2009 | SP-43 | SP-090045 | 0009 | -- | SMS IE structure alignment | F | 8.4.0 | 8.5.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | 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architecture..... | 11 | +| 4.3 MMTel online charging architecture..... | 12 | +| 5 MMTel charging principles and scenarios..... | 13 | +| 5.1 MMTel charging principles..... | 14 | +| 5.1.1 Supplementary services invocation..... | 14 | +| 5.1.1.1 OIP charging ..... | 14 | +| 5.1.1.2 OIR charging..... | 14 | +| 5.1.1.3 TIP charging ..... | 15 | +| 5.1.1.4 TIR charging..... | 15 | +| 5.1.1.5 HOLD charging ..... | 15 | +| 5.1.1.6 CB charging..... | 15 | +| 5.1.1.7 CDIV charging..... | 15 | +| 5.1.1.8 CW charging..... | 16 | +| 5.1.1.9 ECT charging..... | 16 | +| 5.1.1.10 MWI charging..... | 16 | +| 5.1.1.11 CONF charging..... | 16 | +| 5.1.1.12 CCBS charging ..... | 17 | +| 5.1.1.13 CCNR charging..... | 17 | +| 5.1.1.14 Flexible Alerting charging ..... | 17 | +| 5.1.1.15 MCID charging..... | 17 | +| 5.1.1.16 CAT charging ..... | 18 | +| 5.1.1.17 CUG charging..... | 18 | +| 5.1.1.18 Personal Network Management Charging..... | 18 | +| 5.1.1.19 Customized Ringing Signal Charging ..... | 18 | +| 5.1.1.20 Reverse Charging..... | 18 | +| 5.1.1.21 AoC charging..... | 18 | +| 5.1.2 Supplementary services management by User ..... | 19 | +| 5.2 MMTel offline charging scenarios..... | 19 | +| 5.2.2 Diameter message flows..... | 19 | +| 5.2.2.1 Message Flows - Successful Cases and Scenarios..... | 19 | +| 5.2.2.1.1 OIP Originating Identification Presentation..... | 19 | +| 5.2.2.1.2 Originating Identification Restriction (OIR)..... | 20 | +| 5.2.2.1.3 Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) ..... | 21 | +| 5.2.2.1.4 Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR)..... | 22 | +| 5.2.2.1.5 Communication Hold (HOLD) ..... | 23 | +| 5.2.2.1.6 Communication Barring – CB (ICB/ACB)..... | 24 | +| 5.2.2.1.6.1 Communication Barring (CB) – ICB and ACR ..... | 24 | +| 5.2.2.1.6.2 Communication Barring (CB) – OCB..... | 25 | +| 5.2.2.1.7 Communications Diversion (CDIV) ..... | 26 | +| 5.2.2.1.7.1 Communications Diversion (CDIV) – successful establishment ..... | 26 | +| 5.2.2.1.7.2 Communications Diversion (CDIV) – release ..... | 28 | +| 5.2.2.1.8 Communication Waiting (CW) Charging..... | 29 | +| 5.2.2.1.9 Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT)..... | 31 | +| 5.2.2.1.9.1 Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) : Blind Transfer ..... | 31 | +| 5.2.2.1.9.2 Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) : Release ..... | 34 | +| 5.2.2.1.10 Message Waiting Indication Charging (MWI)..... | 35 | +| 5.2.2.1.11 CONF Charging ..... | 36 | +| 5.2.2.1.11.1 CONF Charging – user creating a conference..... | 37 | + +| | | | +|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 5.2.2.1.11.2 | CONF Charging – user joining a conference ..... | 38 | +| 5.2.2.1.11.3 | CONF Charging – user inviting another user to a conference ..... | 39 | +| 5.2.2.1.11.4 | CONF Charging – user leaving a conference..... | 39 | +| 5.2.2.1.11.5 | Three-Party (3PTY) Charging – successful establishment..... | 40 | +| 5.2.2.1.11.6 | Three-Party (3PTY) Charging – release..... | 42 | +| 5.2.2.1.12 | CCBS Charging..... | 43 | +| 5.2.2.1.13 | CCNR Charging ..... | 45 | +| 5.2.2.1.14 | Flexible Alerting (FA)..... | 47 | +| 5.2.2.1.14.1 | Flexible Alerting (FA) - establishment..... | 47 | +| 5.2.2.1.14.2 | Flexible Alerting (FA) – call release ..... | 49 | +| 5.2.2.1.15 | Malicious Communication Identification (MCID) ..... | 49 | +| 5.2.2.1.16 | Customized Alerting Tone (CAT)..... | 51 | +| 5.2.2.1.17 | Closed User Group (CUG)..... | 53 | +| 5.2.2.1.17.1 | Closed User Group (CUG): Originating..... | 53 | +| 5.2.2.1.17.2 | Closed User Group (CUG): Terminating ..... | 54 | +| 5.2.2.1.18 | Personal Network Management ..... | 55 | +| 5.2.2.1.19 | Customized Ringing Signal (CRS) ..... | 57 | +| 5.2.2.1.20 | Advice of Charge (AoC) ..... | 58 | +| 5.2.3 | GTP' record transfer flows ..... | 58 | +| 5.2.4 | B 1 CDR file transfer ..... | 58 | +| 5.3 | MMTel online charging scenarios..... | 58 | +| 5.3.1 | Basic principles ..... | 58 | +| 5.3.2 | Diameter message flows..... | 59 | +| 5.3.2.1 | Message Flows - Successful Cases and Scenarios..... | 59 | +| 5.3.2.1.0 | Interaction with IMS-GWF ..... | 59 | +| 5.3.2.1.1 | Communications Diversion (CDIV) ..... | 60 | +| 5.3.2.1.1.1 | Communications Diversion (CDIV) – successful establishment ..... | 60 | +| 5.3.2.1.1.2 | Communications Diversion (CDIV) – release ..... | 61 | +| 5.3.2.1.2 | Flexible Alerting (FA)..... | 62 | +| 5.3.2.1.3 | Closed User Group (CUG)..... | 64 | +| 5.3.2.1.3.1 | Closed User Group (CUG): Originating..... | 64 | +| 5.3.2.1.3.2 | Closed User Group (CUG): Terminating ..... | 66 | +| 5.3.2.1.4 | Conference (CONF)..... | 67 | +| 5.3.2.1.4.1 | CONF – user creating a conference - ECUR mode..... | 68 | +| 5.3.2.1.4.2 | CONF – user creating a conference - SCUR mode..... | 69 | +| 5.3.2.1.4.3 | CONF – user joining a conference (SCUR mode)..... | 70 | +| 5.3.2.1.4.4 | CONF – user inviting another user to a conference (SCUR mode) ..... | 71 | +| 5.3.2.1.4.5 | CONF – user leaving a conference (SCUR mode)..... | 72 | +| 5.3.2.1.4.6 | CONF (3PTY) – successful establishment..... | 73 | +| 5.3.2.1.5 | Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT)..... | 75 | +| 5.3.2.1.5.1 | Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT): Blind Transfer with sending REFER ..... | 75 | +| 5.3.2.1.5.2 | Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT): Blind Transfer with 3PCC..... | 79 | +| 5.3.2.1.5.3 | Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT): Release ..... | 80 | +| 5.2.2.2 | Message Flows - Error Cases and Scenarios ..... | 82 | +| 6 | Definition of charging information ..... | 83 | +| 6.1 | Data description for MMTel offline charging..... | 83 | +| 6.1.1 | Rf message contents ..... | 83 | +| 6.1.1.1 | Charging Data-Request Message Description ..... | 83 | +| 6.1.1.2 | Charging Data Response Message Description ..... | 83 | +| 6.1.2 | GTP' message contents ..... | 83 | +| 6.1.3 | CDR Description on the Bi Interface ..... | 83 | +| 6.1.3.1 | CDR Field Type..... | 83 | +| 6.1.3.2 | CDR Triggers..... | 84 | +| 6.1.3.3 | MMTel-AS CDR Content..... | 84 | +| 6.2 | Data description for MMTel online charging ..... | 84 | +| 6.2.1 | Ro message contents..... | 84 | +| 6.2.1.1 | Debit and Reserve Units Request Message ..... | 84 | +| 6.2.1.2 | Debit and Reserve Units Response Message ..... | 85 | +| 6.3 | MMTel Charging Specific Parameters..... | 85 | +| 6.3.1 | Definition of MMTel charging information ..... | 85 | +| 6.3.1.1 | MMTel charging information assignment for Service Information ..... | 85 | + +6.3.1.2 Definition of the MMTel Information ..... 85 +6.3.1.3 Support of MMTel Information in MMTel Offline Charging ..... 86 +6.3.1.4 Support of MMTel Information in MMTel Online Charging..... 87 +**Annex A (informative): Bibliography ..... 89** +Annex B (informative): Change history..... 90 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of a series of documents that specify charging functionality and charging management in GSM/UMTS networks. The GSM/UMTS core network charging architecture and principles are specified in 3GPP TS 32.240 [1], which provides an umbrella for other charging management TSs that specify: + +- the content of the CDRs per domain and subsystem (offline charging), +- the content of real-time charging messages per domain / subsystem (online charging); +- the functionality of online and offline charging for those domains and subsystems; +- the interfaces that are used in the charging framework to transfer the charging information (i.e. CDRs or charging events) + +The complete document structure for these TSs is defined in TS 32.240 [1]. + +The present document specifies the Offline and Online Charging for MultiMedia Telephony (MMTel) service and supplementary services, based on the functional description of MMTel in 3GPP TS 22.173 [200]. Charging for the following supplementary services is specified: + +- Communications Diversion (CDIV) +- Communication Hold (HOLD) +- CONFerence (CONF) +- Message Waiting Indication (MWI) +- Originating Identity Presentation (OIP) / Originating Identity Restriction (OIR) +- Terminating Identity Presentation (TIP) / Terminating Identity Restriction (TIR) +- Call Barring (CB) +- Explicit Call Transfer (ECT) +- Communication Wait (CW) +- Completion of Communications to Busy Subscriber (CCBS) +- Completion of Communications by No Reply (CCNR) +- Malicious Communication Identification (MCID) +- Customized Alerting Tone (CAT) +- Closed User Group (CUG) +- Personal Network Management (PNM) +- Customized Ringing Signal (CRS) +- Reverse Charging +- Advice of Charge (AoC) + +Charging of these supplementary services is performed at the respective MMTel AS. The MMTel charging aspects are an extension of the basic IMS charging capabilities as specified in the TS 32.260 [20]. + +This charging description includes the offline and online charging architecture and scenarios specific to the MMTel, as well as the mapping of the common 3GPP charging architecture specified in TS 32.240 [1] onto the MMTel. It further specifies the structure and content of the CDRs for offline charging, and the charging events for online charging. + +The present document is related to other 3GPP charging TSs as follows: + +- The common 3GPP charging architecture is specified in TS 32.240 [1]; + +- The common IMS charging principles are specified in the TS 32.260 [20]. +- The parameters, abstract syntax and encoding rules for these CDR types are specified in TS 32.298 [51]. +- A transaction based mechanism for the transfer of CDRs within the network is specified in TS 32.295 [54]. +- The file based mechanism used to transfer the CDRs from the network to the operator's billing domain (e.g. the billing system or a mediation device) is specified in TS 32.297 [52]. +- The 3GPP Diameter application that is used for MMTel offline and online charging is specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +All references, abbreviations, definitions, descriptions, principles and requirements, used in the present document, that are common across 3GPP TSs, are defined in the 3GPP Vocabulary, TR 21.905 [100]. Those that are common across charging management in GSM/UMTS domains or subsystems are provided in the umbrella document TS 32.240 [1]. Finally, those items that are specific to the present document are defined exclusively in the present document. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.240: "Telecommunication management; charging management; charging architecture and principles". +- [2]-[19] Void +- [20] 3GPP TS 32.260: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) charging". +- [21] 3GPP TS 32.280: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Advice of Charge (AoC) service". +- [22]-[49] Void. +- [50] 3GPP TS 32.299: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Diameter charging application". +- [51] 3GPP TS 32.298: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) parameter description". +- [52] 3GPP TS 32.297: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) file format and transfer". +- [53] 3GPP TS 32.296: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Online Charging System (OCS) applications and interfaces". +- [54] 3GPP TS 32.295: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) transfer". +- [55]-[99] Void. +- [100] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [101] 3GPP TS 22.101: "Service aspects; Service Principles". + +- [102] 3GPP TS 22.115: "Service aspects; Charging and billing". +- [103] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network Architecture". +- [104]-[199] Void. +- [200] 3GPP TS 22.173: " Multimedia Telephony Service and supplementary services;stage 1". +- [201] 3GPP TS 24.173: "IMS multimedia telephony communications service and supplementary services stage3". +- [202] 3GPP TS 24.604: "TISPAN- PSTN/ISDN simulation services: Communication Diversion (CDIV); Protocol specification". +- [203] 3GPP TS 24.605: . "Conference (CONF) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [204] 3GPP TS 24.606: "Message Waiting Indication (MWI) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". . +- [205] 3GPP TS 24.607: "Originating Identification Presentation (OIP) and Originating Identification Restriction (OIR) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [206] 3GPP TS 24.608: "Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) and Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR)using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [207] 3GPP TS 24.610: "Communication HOLD (HOLD) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [208] 3GPP TS 24.611: "Anonymous Communication Rejection (ACR) and Communication Barring (CB)using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [209] 3GPP TS 24.615: "Communication Waiting (CW) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol Specification". +- [210] 3GPP TS 24.616: "Malicious Communication Identification (MCID) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [211] 3GPP TS 24.623: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) Configuration Access Protocol (XCAP) over the Ut interface for Manipulating Simulation Services". +- [212] 3GPP TS 24.629: "Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) using IP Multimedia (IM)Core Network (CN) subsystem;; Protocol specification". +- [213] 3GPP TS 24.642: "Completion of Communications to Busy Subscriber (CCBS) and Completion of Communications by No Reply (CCNR) using IP Multimedia (IM)Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol Specification". +- [214] 3GPP TS 24.647: "Advice Of Charge (AOC) using IP Multimedia (IM)Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol Specification". +- [215] 3GPP TS 24.654: "Closed User Group (CUG) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem, Protocol Specification". +- [216] 3GPP TS 24.239: "Flexible Alerting (FA) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem, Protocol Specification". +- [217] 3GPP TS 24.182: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Customized Alerting Tones (CAT); Protocol specification". +- [218] 3GPP TS 23.259: "Personal Network Management (PNM); Procedures and Information Flows; Stage 2". + +| | | +|---------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| [219] | 3GPP TS 24.183: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Customized Ringing Signal CRS); Protocol specification". | +| [220] - [400] | Void. | +| [401] | IETF RFC 3588: "diameter base protocol". | +| [402] | IETF RFC 4006: "Diameter Credit Control Application". | +| [403]-[499] | Void. | + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [100], 3GPP TS 32.240 [1]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations defined in 3GPP TR 21.905 [100], 3GPP TS 32.240 [1] and the following apply: + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------------------------------| +| 3PCC | Third Party Call Control | +| 3PTY | Three-Party | +| AoC | Advice of Charge | +| CAT | Customized Alerting Tone | +| CB | Communication session Barring | +| CCBS | Completion of Communication sessions to Busy Subscriber | +| CCNR | Completion of Communications on No Reply | +| CD | Communication Deflection | +| CDIV | Communication DIVersion | +| CFB | Communication Forwarding Busy | +| CFU | Communication Forwarding Unconditional | +| CFNL | Communication Forwarding on Not Logged-in | +| CFNR | Communication Forwarding No Reply | +| CFNRc | Communication Forwarding on Subscriber Not Reachable | +| CFUDB | Communication Forwarding User Determined Busy | +| CONF | CONFerence | +| CUG | Closed User Group | +| CW | Communication Waiting | +| ECT | Explicit Communication Transfer | +| FA | Flexible Alerting | +| HOLD | Communication HOLD | +| ICB | Incoming Communication Barring | +| MCID | Malicious Communication Identification | +| MMTel | MultiMedia Telephony | +| MWI | Message Waiting Indication | +| NDUB | Network Determined User Busy | +| OCB | Outgoing Communication Barring | +| OIP | Originating Identity Presentation | +| OIR | Originating Identity Restriction | +| PNM | Personal Network Management | +| CRS | Customized Ringing Signal | +| TIP | Terminating Identity Presentation | +| TIR | Terminating Identity Restriction | +| URN | Uniform Resource Name | + +# 4 Architecture Considerations + +## 4.1 High level MMTel architecture + +Figure 4.1 depicts the IMS reference architecture, as described in 3GPP TS 23.002 [103], with "colorized" AS as entity involved in MMTel service and supplementary services charging described in this specification. + +![Figure 4.1-1: Entities involved in MMTel service charging in IMS logical architecture. This diagram shows the IMS logical architecture with various network elements and their interfaces. The elements are grouped into functional blocks: IP Multimedia Networks (top), CS Network (left), Legacy mobile signalling Networks (top right), and LCS Client (far right). The central part of the diagram shows the IMS core with elements like IMS-MGW, MRFP, MRFC, P-CSCF, IBCF, TrGW, UE, BGCF, MGCF, S-CSCF, I-CSCF, AS (Application Server, highlighted in blue), HSS, SLF, MRB, and E-CSCF. Interfaces are labeled with codes such as Mb, CS, Mn, Mr, Cr, Rx, Gm, Ix, Iz, Ut, Mm, Ma, Cx, Mw, Mi, Mx, Ic, Dh, Dc, Sh, Gc, Gr, Rc, Ml, Le, and Lr. The AS is connected to the S-CSCF via the Mw interface and to the HSS via the Cx interface.](5e92d9e8e9ce204e405bff2367f88176_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.1-1: Entities involved in MMTel service charging in IMS logical architecture. This diagram shows the IMS logical architecture with various network elements and their interfaces. The elements are grouped into functional blocks: IP Multimedia Networks (top), CS Network (left), Legacy mobile signalling Networks (top right), and LCS Client (far right). The central part of the diagram shows the IMS core with elements like IMS-MGW, MRFP, MRFC, P-CSCF, IBCF, TrGW, UE, BGCF, MGCF, S-CSCF, I-CSCF, AS (Application Server, highlighted in blue), HSS, SLF, MRB, and E-CSCF. Interfaces are labeled with codes such as Mb, CS, Mn, Mr, Cr, Rx, Gm, Ix, Iz, Ut, Mm, Ma, Cx, Mw, Mi, Mx, Ic, Dh, Dc, Sh, Gc, Gr, Rc, Ml, Le, and Lr. The AS is connected to the S-CSCF via the Mw interface and to the HSS via the Cx interface. + +Figure 4.1-1: Entities involved in MMTel service charging in IMS logical architecture + +The AS provides the application level network functionality for MMTel service and supplementary services, whereas the overall IMS Network provides the basic IMS capabilities supporting MMTel service. + +## 4.2 MMTel offline charging architecture + +Figure 4.2 depicts the MMTel offline charging architecture. + +![Figure 4.2-1: MMTel Offline Charging architecture diagram](27b06ec9f42b5d727a2630f61a5f1861_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the MMTel Offline Charging architecture. It features a 'Billing Domain' at the top, connected to a 'Bi' interface. Below this, a dashed box labeled 'CCF' contains two components: 'CGF' (Charging Gateway Function) and 'CDF' (Charging Data Function). The 'CGF' is connected to the 'Bi' interface and has a green line labeled 'Ga' connecting it to the 'CDF'. The 'CDF' is connected to an external 'MMTel AS' (MMTel Application Server) via a blue line labeled 'Rf'. + +Figure 4.2-1: MMTel Offline Charging architecture diagram + +**Figure 4.2-1: MMTel Offline Charging architecture** + +This MMTel Offline Charging architecture is based on the IMS offline charging architecture described in TS 32.260 [20], with service CTFs supporting MMTel specific service charging, interfacing the CDF through the Rf reference point. + +The CTFs considered in the MMTel Offline Charging architecture reside in the Application level network functionality providing MMTel service and supplementary services. + +The CTFs related to charging for the IMS basic capabilities supporting MMTel service, are described in TS 32.260 [20], and reside in the set of IMS Nodes (S-CSCF, MRFC...) reflected in IMS offline architecture. + +## 4.3 MMTel online charging architecture + +The architecture for MMTel online charging is described in the following figure. + +![Diagram of MMTel Online Charging architecture showing the Billing Domain, MMTel-AS, and OCS connected via the Ro reference point.](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the MMTel Online Charging architecture. It features three main components: a grey rectangular box at the top labeled 'Billing Domain', a yellow rectangular box on the left labeled 'MMTel-AS', and a blue rectangular box on the right labeled 'OCS'. A red horizontal line connects the 'MMTel-AS' box to the 'OCS' box, with a vertical red line segment intersecting it labeled 'Ro'. A black line connects the 'Billing Domain' box to the 'OCS' box, forming an L-shaped path. + +Diagram of MMTel Online Charging architecture showing the Billing Domain, MMTel-AS, and OCS connected via the Ro reference point. + +**Figure 4.3-1: MMTel Online Charging architecture** + +This MMTel Online Charging architecture is based on the IMS online charging architecture described in TS 32.260 [20], with service CTFs supporting MMTel specific service charging, interfacing the OCS through the Ro reference point. + +The CTFs considered in the MMTel Online Charging architecture reside in the Application level network functionality providing MMTel service and supplementary services. + +The CTFs related to charging for the IMS basic capabilities supporting MMTel service, are described in TS 32.260 [20], and reside in the set of IMS Nodes (S-CSCF, MRFC...) reflected in IMS online architecture. + +# 5 MMTel charging principles and scenarios + +There are a variety of multimedia telephony supplementary services implemented at different IMS nodes. All the services should support subscription based charging, and some also consumption based charging. The subscription based charging is out of the scope of the present specifications. + +The following table 5.1 summarizes which of the services are applicable for offline and online charging. + +**Table 5.1: Relevance of the services for offline and online charging** + +| Supplementary services | Offline Charging | Online Charging | +|------------------------|------------------|-----------------| +| OIP | X | - | +| OIR | X | - | +| TIP | X | - | +| TIIR | X | - | +| CW | X | - | +| HOLD | X | - | +| CB | X | - | +| MWI | X | - | +| CONF | X | X | +| CCBS | X | - | +| CCNR | X | - | +| CDIV | X | X | +| ECT | X | X | +| FA | X | X | +| MCID | X | - | +| CAT | X | - | +| CUG | X | X | +| PNM | X | - | +| CRS | X | - | +| AoC | X | - | + +## 5.1 MMTel charging principles + +The MMTel charging encompasses the Multimedia telephony service (e.g. multimedia conversational communications between two or more users, with speech as a typical usage, and also others combinations of media) together with the associated supplementary services charging aspects. + +Every Supplementary services described in TS 22.173 [202] are subject to be involved in MMTel charging function description. + +MMTel service and supplementary services charging function focuses on charging information provided by the CTFs supporting MMTel specific service charging: calling user identification, called user identification, media component characteristics and usage (speech only, speech with other component, add/retrieve components..), supplementary services applied ...It enables to apply different flexible charging based on supplementary service type and options. + +All the CTFs supporting MMTel specific service charging (AS) pertain to IMS domain, and as explained in TS 32.260 [20], it is possible to correlate session/transaction related charging data generated from these different Nodes (AS), and others IMS Nodes involved in the session used for MMTel service handling , based on IMS Charging Identifier (ICID). + +For AS(s) providing MMTel specific service and supplementary services, the “OneChargingSession” option, as described in TS 32.260 [20] can be applied, when acting as a B2BUA with IMS Charging Identifier (ICID) preserved between dialogs. + +### 5.1.1 Supplementary services invocation + +#### 5.1.1.1 OIP charging + +The OIP service provides the terminating user with the possibility of receiving trusted (i.e. network-provided) identity information in order to identify the originating user. + +The charging of the OIP subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling OIP in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.2 OIR charging + +The OIR service is a service offered to the originating user. It restricts presentation of the originating user's identity information to the terminating user. + +The charging of the OIR subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling OIR in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.3 TIP charging + +The Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) service provides the originating party with the possibility of receiving trusted information in order to identify the terminating party. + +The charging of the TIP subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling TIP in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.4 TIR charging + +The Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR) is a service offered to the terminating party which enables the terminating party to prevent presentation of the terminating identity information to originating party. + +The charging of the TIP subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling TIR in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.5 HOLD charging + +The Communication Hold supplementary service enables a user to suspend the media stream(s) of an established IP multimedia session, and resume the media stream(s) at a later time. + +The charged parties may be any of the Hold parties. These roles are: + +- Calling Party; +- Called Party; + +**Editor's note:** When one of the parties originates a new call to a third party and the new call overbooks the bearer resource reserved by the held call, overbooking may be taken into account in charging. The solution for that is ffs + +#### 5.1.1.6 CB charging + +The Communication Barring (CB) service offers the following services: + +- The Incoming Communications Barring (ICB) is a service that rejects incoming communications that fulfil certain provisioned or configured conditions on behalf of the terminating user. +- The Anonymous Communication Rejection (ACR) is a particular case of the ICB service, that allows barring of incoming communications from an anonymous originator on behalf of the terminating user. +- The Outgoing Communication Barring (OCB) is a service that rejects outgoing communications that fulfil certain provisioned or configured conditions on behalf of the originating user. + +The charging of the CB subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling CB in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.7 CDIV charging + +The Communications Diversion (CDIV) services enables the diverting user, to divert the communications addressed to the diverting user to another destination. + +There are three actors active in a CDIV service of one diversion with the following roles: + +- Diverting user; the party that initiates the diversion of an incoming communication. +- Originating user; the party which has initiated the communication and that stays in the communication which is diverted; +- Diverted to user; + +In case there is another diversion, the user that was first the diverting user (user B), will be the originating user in the second diversion. The diverted to user of the first diversion (user C) will be the diverting user of the second diversion. + +The charging of the diverting user for the B-C leg is measured by the MMTel AS handling the CDIV service, i.e. by the MMTel AS of the diverting user (user B). For the diverting user a separate charging dialog (online and/or offline + +charging) is needed. Charging of the originating and the terminating user (user C) is done in alignment with the TS 32.260 [20]. + +Typically the diverting user is charged for the forwarded leg (B-C leg), however, normal roaming charging principles apply for the diverted to user also in case of communication diversion. If there is another diversion, the user that performs the second diversion (user C) is charged (typically) for the new forwarded leg (C-D leg). + +Charging at the S-CSCF is done in alignment with the TS 32.260 [20] but the S-CSCF has no knowledge of the CDIV service. + +#### 5.1.1.8 CW charging + +The CW (Communication Waiting) service enables the application server to indicate to the subscriber, that there is at least one new communication is requested, and that no resources are available for that incoming communication. The user has then the choice of accepting, rejecting or ignoring the incoming communication. The maximum number of communications that may be waiting is a service provider option. If the current number of communications waiting is equal to the maximum, then any new attempted incoming communication request shall be rejected with a busy cause. + +The charging of the CW subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling CW in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.9 ECT charging + +The Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) service provides a party involved in a communication to transfer that communication to a third party. + +There are three actors active in a transfer, they are acting in the following roles: + +- transferor: the party that initiates the transfer of the active communication that it has with the transferee; +- transferee: the party which stays in the communication which is transferred; +- transfer target: the party which the communication is transferred to and which replaces the transferor in the communication. + +The charging of the Transferor is measured by the MMTel AS handling the ECT service for the Transferor. The charging of the Transferee is measured by the MMTel AS handling the ECT service for the Transferee. + +#### 5.1.1.10 MWI charging + +The MWI service enables the application server to indicate to the subscriber, that there is at least one message waiting. The indication is delivered to the subscriber's UE after successful subscription to the Message Waiting Indication service as described in the present document. + +The charging of the MWI subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling MWI in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.11 CONF charging + +The CONFerence (CONF) service enables a user to participate in and control a simultaneous communication involving a number of users. + +CONF Charging for the conference owner could be based on: + +- establishment of the conference +- number of participants +- duration + +CONF Charging for the conference participants could be based on: + +- duration + +The charging of the conference owners and participants is measured by the SIP AS and MRFC handling conference service. For each participant (call leg) a separate charging dialog (online and/or offline charging) at the SIP AS is needed. + +#### 5.1.1.12 CCBS charging + +The CCBS (Completion of Communication to Busy Subscriber) service enables user A, encountering a busy destination B, to have the communication completed without the user having to manually initiate a new communication attempt when the destination B becomes not busy. + +When user A requests the CCBS supplementary service, the network will monitor for destination B becoming free again. + +When destination B becomes free again, the network will wait a short time in order to allow the resources to be re-used for originating a communication. If the resources are not re-used by destination B within this time, the network will automatically recall user A. + +When user A accepts the CCBS recall, the network will automatically generate a CCBS call to destination B. + +The charging of the CCBS subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling CCBS in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.13 CCNR charging + +The CCNR (Completion of Communications on No Reply) service enables user A, encountering a destination B which does not answer the communication (No Reply), to have the communication completed without the user having to manually initiate a new communication attempt when the destination becomes not busy after having initiated and completed a new communication. + +When user A encounters a destination B which does not answer the communication (No Reply), user A can request the CCNR supplementary service. + +When user A requests the CCNR supplementary service, the network will monitor for destination B becoming not busy after having initiated and completed a new communication. + +When destination B becomes not busy after having initiated and completed a new communication, the network will wait a short time (as defined by the destination B idle guard timer) in order to allow the resources to be reused for originating a communication. If the resources are not reused by destination B within this time, the network will automatically recall user A. + +When user A accepts the CCNR recall, then the network will automatically generate a CCNR call to destination B. + +The charging of the CCNR subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling CCNR in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.14 Flexible Alerting charging + +Flexible Alerting (FA) causes a call to a “Pilot Identity” to branch the call into several legs to alert several termination addresses (FA group members) simultaneously. Additional calls may be delivered to the FA Pilot Identity at any time. The first leg to be answered is connected to the calling party. The other call legs are abandoned. + +The FA group, identified by the “Pilot Identity” consists of a list of FA group members alerted through their the public addressable identity. + +The charging of the “Pilot Identity” is measured by the MMTel AS handling Flexible Alerting for the “Pilot Identity”. + +#### 5.1.1.15 MCID charging + +The MCID service enables an incoming communication to be identified as malicious and registered. + +The Network shall register the communication related information (such as Terminating Identity Information, Originator Identity Information, Local Time and Date...), which shall be kept under Network Operator’s control (i.e not available to the terminating entity nor the originating entity). + +This service has two modes: permanent mode and temporary mode. The permanent mode is active for all incoming communications, and the temporary mode is active only for the incoming communications declared by the served user. + +The MCID service can be invoked during the active phase of the communication, or after the active phase for a limited period (but never after communication termination) by the served user, or, automatically invoked during the alerting phase. + +The charging of the MCID subscriber is measured by the MMTel AS handling MCID service for the called subscriber in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.16 CAT charging + +The Customized Alerting Tone Service (CAT service) is an operator specific service by which an operator enables the subscriber to customize the alerting tone which is played to the calling party. + +The charging of the CAT subscriber is measured by the MMTel AS handling CAT service for the called subscriber, in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.17 CUG charging + +The CUG service enables users to form groups of members, whose communication profile is restricted for incoming and outgoing communications. Members of a specific CUG can communicate among themselves but not, in general, with users outside the group. + +Specific CUG members can have additional capabilities that allow them to initiate outgoing communications to users outside the group, and/or to accept incoming communications from users outside the group. Specific CUG members can have additional restrictions that prevent outgoing communications to other members of the CUG, or prevent incoming communications from other members of the CUG. + +A specific user may be a member of one or more CUGs. + +The charging of the CUG subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling CUG service for offline and online charging. + +#### 5.1.1.18 Personal Network Management Charging + +The Personal Network Management (PNM) service allows a user to manage his UEs in regard to terminating services according to preferences set by the user, capabilities and availabilities of devices. Charging for the “PN UE redirection” functionality of the defined PNM service, is considered in the scope of MMTel supplementary service charging, and applies to the active UE the terminating services are delivered to. + +The charging of the PNM subscribers is measured by the MMTel AS handling PNM in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.19 Customized Ringing Signal Charging + +The Customized Ringing Signal (CRS service) is an operator specific service by which an operator enables the subscriber to customize the ringing signal which is played to the called party. + +The charging of the CRS subscriber is measured by the MMTel AS handling CRS service for the called or the calling subscriber, in offline charging only. + +#### 5.1.1.20 Reverse Charging + +The Reverse Charging at communication set up time service allows the terminating party to be charged for the entire communication. The service, requested by the originating party at communication set up time, is explicitly indicated to the terminating party so he can accept or deny the reverse charge communication request. + +**Editor's Note: no stage 3 description for Reverse Charging in this Release: ffs** + +#### 5.1.1.21 AoC charging + +The AoC service allows the served user to be provided with MMTel service charging information related to: + +- AoC at communication set-up time (AoC-S) +- AoC during the communication (AoC-D) +- AoC at the end of the communication (AoC-E) + +The AoC related charging information provided by the MMTel AS is applicable in offline charging only. + +### 5.1.2 Supplementary services management by User + +When an IMS supplementary service control can be provided to the UE as a subscription option, every action performed by the user for this service (Provision/Withdrawal, Registration/Erase, Activation/Deactivation, interrogation) may be subject to produce charging information, but this aspect is out of the scope of the present specification. + +## 5.2 MMTel offline charging scenarios + +### 5.2.1 Basic principles + +The MMTel offline charging functionality is based on the CTFs reporting accounting information, by sending Diameter *Accounting Requests* (ACR) [Start, Interim, Stop and Event] to the CDF. + +The circumstances on which the Diameter client uses ACR Start, Interim and Stop, or Events depend on the supplementary service type and is determined for each of them. Further details are specified in clause 5.2.2. + +These Diameter Accounting Request triggers may be configured in such a way several MMTel supplementary services can be regrouped. Providing this flexibility will allow to improve situations where several MMTel supplementary services are handled within the same AS for complying with interactions requirements associated to these MMTel supplementary services. + +### 5.2.2 Diameter message flows + +The flows described in the present document specify the charging communications between the different CTF entities and the charging functions for different charging scenarios. The SIP messages and Diameter transactions associated with these charging scenarios are shown primarily for general information and to illustrate the charging triggers. They are not intended to be exhaustive of all the SIP message flows discussed in TS 24.228 [200] and they depend on the Diameter Accounting Requests triggers configured by the operator. + +Although each MMTel supplementary service is described by separated flows illustrating the dedicated trigger(s) for this MMTel supplementary service, the Diameter Accounting Request triggers (as stated in 5.2.1), may be configured with several MMTel supplementary services information. + +#### 5.2.2.1 Message Flows - Successful Cases and Scenarios + +Following message flows are defined in TS 32.260 [20], and can be re-used for charging the basic multimedia telephony capabilities: + +- Session Establishment - IMS Origination +- Session Establishment – IMS Termination +- Mid-Session Procedures +- Session Release - Mobile Initiated + +##### 5.2.2.1.1 OIP Originating Identification Presentation + +Figure 5.2.2.1.1-1 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server and CDF, which implements the OIP service, and CDF after service execution. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of OIP service. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF A, S-CSCF B, AS-B, CDF, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE, 200 OK, ACK, and ACR messages between these entities, with internal processing steps like 'UE-B is Subscribed to OIP' and 'Open/Create an AS CDR'.](81a4cbf0b3c4cbc065efdf8f800dadde_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant S-CSCF-A as S-CSCF A + participant S-CSCF-B as S-CSCF B + participant AS-B + participant CDF + participant UE-B + + Note left of S-CSCF-A: Originating UE-A Home Network + Note right of S-CSCF-B: Terminating UE-B Home Network + + UE-A->>S-CSCF-A: 1. INVITE + S-CSCF-A->>S-CSCF-B: 1. INVITE + S-CSCF-B->>AS-B: 1. INVITE + Note right of AS-B: UE-B is Subscribed to OIP + AS-B->>S-CSCF-B: 2. INVITE + S-CSCF-B->>UE-B: 2. INVITE + Note right of UE-B: UE-A is calling + UE-B->>CDF: 3. 200 OK + CDF->>AS-B: 4. ACR [Start/Event] + Note right of AS-B: Open/Create an AS CDR +Indicate OIP on the AS CDR + AS-B->>CDF: 5. ACA + CDF->>S-CSCF-B: 3. 200 OK + S-CSCF-B->>AS-B: 3. 200 OK + AS-B->>S-CSCF-B: 3. 200 OK + S-CSCF-B->>S-CSCF-A: 3. 200 OK + S-CSCF-A->>UE-A: 3. 200 OK + UE-A->>S-CSCF-A: 6. ACK + S-CSCF-A->>S-CSCF-B: 6. ACK + S-CSCF-B->>AS-B: 6. ACK + AS-B->>S-CSCF-B: 6. ACK + S-CSCF-B->>CDF: 6. ACK + CDF->>UE-B: 6. ACK +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of OIP service. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF A, S-CSCF B, AS-B, CDF, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE, 200 OK, ACK, and ACR messages between these entities, with internal processing steps like 'UE-B is Subscribed to OIP' and 'Open/Create an AS CDR'. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.1-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of OIP service. + +##### 5.2.2.1.2 Originating Identification Restriction (OIR) + +Figure 5.2.2.1.2-1 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server and CDF, which implements the OIR service, and CDF after service execution. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of OIR service. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS, CDF, x-CSCF/AS, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE, 200 OK, and ACK messages between these entities, with internal processing steps in the AS and CDF.](79e1709a7317ead45379cbb8ff3ba802_img.jpg) + +The sequence diagram illustrates the message flow for the Offline charging of OIR service. It is divided into two main groups: Originating UE-A Home Network (UE-A, S-CSCF, AS, CDF) and Terminating UE-B Home Network (x-CSCF/AS, UE-B). + +- 1. INVITE:** UE-A sends an INVITE message to S-CSCF. +- IFC for A:** S-CSCF triggers an IFC for A. +- 1. INVITE (Privacy: ID):** S-CSCF sends the INVITE message to AS. A note indicates: "If UE-A is Subscribed to OIR 'Privacy: ID' info is added if not existing already". +- 2. INVITE (Privacy: ID):** AS sends the INVITE message to CDF, which then forwards it to x-CSCF/AS. +- 2. INVITE (Privacy: ID):** x-CSCF/AS sends the INVITE message to UE-B. A note indicates: "Presentity withheld". +- 3. 200 OK:** UE-B sends a 200 OK response to x-CSCF/AS, which is then forwarded by CDF to AS. +- 4. ACR [Start/Event]:** AS sends an ACR [Start/Event] message to CDF. A note indicates: "Open/Create an AS CDR Indicate OIR on the AS CDR". +- 3. 200 OK:** AS sends a 200 OK response to S-CSCF, which is then forwarded to UE-A. +- 5. ACA:** AS sends an ACA message to CDF. +- 6. ACK:** UE-A sends an ACK message to S-CSCF, which is then forwarded by AS to S-CSCF, and finally by x-CSCF/AS to UE-B. + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of OIR service. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS, CDF, x-CSCF/AS, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE, 200 OK, and ACK messages between these entities, with internal processing steps in the AS and CDF. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.2-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of OIR service. + +##### 5.2.2.1.3 Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) + +Figure 5.2.2.1.3-1 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server and CDF, which implements the TIP service, and CDF after service execution. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of TIP service. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS, CDF, x-CSCF/AS, UE-B. The diagram shows the interaction between the Originating UE-A Home Network and the Terminating UE-B Home Network for session initiation and charging data record (CDR) handling.](e180f2b5fcbe8001554a7c0677cd3f82_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + participant x-CSCF/AS + participant UE-B + + Note left of S-CSCF: Originating UE-A Home Network + Note right of x-CSCF/AS: Terminating UE-B Home Network + + UE-A->>UE-B: Session Initiation + UE-B-->>x-CSCF/AS: 1.200 OK (Privacy: none) + x-CSCF/AS-->>CDF: 1.200 OK (Privacy: none) + CDF-->>S-CSCF: 1.200 OK (Privacy: none) + S-CSCF-->>AS: 1.200 OK (Privacy: none) + Note right of AS: UE-A is subscribed to the TIP service. + AS->>CDF: 2. ACR [Start/Event] + Note right of CDF: Open/Create an AS CDR Indicate TIP on the AS CDR + CDF-->>AS: 3. ACA + AS-->>S-CSCF: 4. ACK + S-CSCF-->>UE-A: 4. ACK + S-CSCF-->>AS: 4. ACK + AS-->>CDF: 4. ACK + CDF-->>x-CSCF/AS: 4. ACK + x-CSCF/AS-->>UE-B: 4. ACK +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of TIP service. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS, CDF, x-CSCF/AS, UE-B. The diagram shows the interaction between the Originating UE-A Home Network and the Terminating UE-B Home Network for session initiation and charging data record (CDR) handling. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.3-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of TIP service. + +##### 5.2.2.1.4 Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR) + +Figure 5.2.2.1.4-1 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server and CDF, which implements the TIR service, and CDF after service execution. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of TIR service. Lifelines: UE-A, X-CSCF/AS, x-CSCF B, AS - B, CDF, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of messages between these entities, including 200 OK responses, ACR (Start/Event), ACA, and ACK messages. Callouts indicate privacy handling and CDR creation.](eb03559a4d92ea9ebd63ea9be663c50a_img.jpg) + +The sequence diagram illustrates the message flow for offline charging of the TIR service. It involves the following entities: UE-A, X-CSCF/AS, x-CSCF B, AS - B, CDF, and UE-B. The process starts with a request from UE-A to X-CSCF/AS. The response flows back through x-CSCF B, AS - B, and CDF to UE-B. UE-B then sends an ACR (Start/Event) to AS - B. AS - B sends an ACA to CDF. CDF sends an ACK to AS - B. AS - B sends an ACK to x-CSCF B. x-CSCF B sends an ACK to X-CSCF/AS. X-CSCF/AS sends an ACK to UE-A. There are also 200 OK (Privacy: ID) messages from AS - B to x-CSCF B, from x-CSCF B to X-CSCF/AS, and from X-CSCF/AS to UE-A. A callout box near UE-A contains the text "Connected with unknown". Another callout box near CDF contains the text "Open/Create an AS CDR Indicate TIR service on AS CDR". A third callout box near AS - B contains the text "UE-B is subscribed to the TIR service and can add the Privacy: ID header and value if they are missing.". + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of TIR service. Lifelines: UE-A, X-CSCF/AS, x-CSCF B, AS - B, CDF, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of messages between these entities, including 200 OK responses, ACR (Start/Event), ACA, and ACK messages. Callouts indicate privacy handling and CDR creation. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.4-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of TIR service. + +##### 5.2.2.1.5 Communication Hold (HOLD) + +Figure 5.2.2.1.5-1 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between AS which implements the HOLD service, and CDF after service execution. The involvement of the AS is optional as it is involved to the HOLD service provision only for announcement purposes. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of HOLD service. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS, CDF, x-CSCF/AS, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of SIP messages (UPDATE, OK, ACK) and Diameter messages (ACR, ACA) between these entities to initiate a hold session and trigger charging events.](ae53f90bb87d6d09e2d6b5278d7c338f_img.jpg) + +Originating UE-A Home Network                      Terminating UE-B Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + participant x-CSCF/AS + participant UE-B + + Note left of UE-A: UE-A initiates session on hold + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 1. UPDATE +sip:[5555::5:6:7]:1006;comp=sigcomp +SIP/2.0... (SDP) a=sendonly / a=inactive + S-CSCF->>AS: 1.UPDATE... + AS->>CDF: 1.UPDATE... + CDF->>x-CSCF/AS: 1.UPDATE... + x-CSCF/AS->>UE-B: 1.UPDATE... + Note right of UE-B: "HOLD" + UE-B->>x-CSCF/AS: 2.200 OK + x-CSCF/AS->>CDF: 2.200 OK + CDF->>AS: 3. ACR [Start/Interim/Event] + Note right of CDF: Open/Update/Create the AS CDR +Indicate HOLD on the AS CDR + AS->>CDF: 4. ACA + CDF->>S-CSCF: 2.200 OK + S-CSCF->>UE-A: 2.200 OK + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 5. ACK + S-CSCF->>AS: 5. ACK + AS->>x-CSCF/AS: 5. ACK + x-CSCF/AS->>UE-B: 5. ACK + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of HOLD service. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS, CDF, x-CSCF/AS, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of SIP messages (UPDATE, OK, ACK) and Diameter messages (ACR, ACA) between these entities to initiate a hold session and trigger charging events. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.5-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of HOLD service.** + +Note: Based on TS 24.610 a scenario triggered by Re-Invite is also possible. + +##### 5.2.2.1.6 Communication Barring – CB (ICB/ACB) + +###### 5.2.2.1.6.1 Communication Barring (CB) – ICB and ACR + +Figure 5.2.2.1.6.1-1 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server and CDF, which implements the CB service, and CDF after service execution. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CB service. Lifelines: UE-A, X-CSCF/AS, x-CSCF B, AS -B, CDF, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE, ACR, ACA, and 4. 603/433 messages between these entities.](26d664119ad25250780f554633444e54_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant X-CSCF/AS + participant x-CSCF B + participant AS-B + participant CDF + participant UE-B + + Note left of X-CSCF/AS: Originating UE-A Home Network + Note right of x-CSCF B: Terminating UE-B Home Network + + UE-A->>X-CSCF/AS: 1. INVITE + X-CSCF/AS->>x-CSCF B: 1. INVITE + x-CSCF B->>AS-B: 1. INVITE + Note right of AS-B: UE-B has matching ICB/ACR activated + AS-B->>CDF: 2. ACR [Event] + Note right of CDF: Create an AS CDR +Indicate ICB/ACR on the AS CDR + CDF->>AS-B: 3. ACA + AS-B->>x-CSCF B: 4. 603 (Decline) / 433 (Anonymity Disallowed) + x-CSCF B->>X-CSCF/AS: 4. 603 (Decline) / 433 (Anonymity Disallowed) + X-CSCF/AS->>UE-A: 4. 603 (Decline) / 433 (Anonymity Disallowed) +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CB service. Lifelines: UE-A, X-CSCF/AS, x-CSCF B, AS -B, CDF, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE, ACR, ACA, and 4. 603/433 messages between these entities. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.6.1-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CB service. + +###### 5.2.2.1.6.2 Communication Barring (CB) – OCB + +Figure 5.2.2.1.6.2-1 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server and CDF, which implements the CB service, and CDF after service execution. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CB service. Lifelines: UE-A, X-CSCF, AS, CDF, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of messages for charging when UE-A has OCB activated. 1. INVITE from UE-A to X-CSCF. 2. INVITE from X-CSCF to AS. 3. ACR [Event] from AS to CDF. 4. ACA from CDF to AS. 5. 603 (Decline) from AS to X-CSCF. 6. 603 (Decline) from X-CSCF to UE-A. Internal AS actions include 'UE-A has matching OCB activated' and 'Create an AS CDR Indicate OCB on the AS CDR'.](90ddb84c323b956e2d50a54d3f870566_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant X-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + participant UE-B + + Note over X-CSCF, CDF: Originating UE-A Home Network + + UE-A->>X-CSCF: 1. INVITE + X-CSCF->>AS: 1. INVITE + Note right of AS: UE-A has matching OCB activated + AS->>CDF: 2. ACR [Event] + Note right of CDF: Create an AS CDR +Indicate OCB on the AS CDR + CDF->>AS: 3. ACA + AS->>X-CSCF: 4. 603 (Decline) + X-CSCF->>UE-A: 4. 603 (Decline) +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CB service. Lifelines: UE-A, X-CSCF, AS, CDF, UE-B. The diagram shows the flow of messages for charging when UE-A has OCB activated. 1. INVITE from UE-A to X-CSCF. 2. INVITE from X-CSCF to AS. 3. ACR [Event] from AS to CDF. 4. ACA from CDF to AS. 5. 603 (Decline) from AS to X-CSCF. 6. 603 (Decline) from X-CSCF to UE-A. Internal AS actions include 'UE-A has matching OCB activated' and 'Create an AS CDR Indicate OCB on the AS CDR'. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.6.2-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CB service. + +##### 5.2.2.1.7 Communications Diversion (CDIV) + +###### 5.2.2.1.7.1 Communications Diversion (CDIV) – successful establishment + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server, implementing the CDIV service and CDF for a successful communication forwarding on no reply. + +![Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CDIV service - establishment. The diagram shows interactions between S-CSCF, AS, and CDF within a Home Network. It details the flow of INVITE, 180 Ringing, Cancel, and Accounting messages for User B and User C.](2ae3eae1bd80a90f192f568ae246a9a6_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant S-CSCF + participant iFC as iFC for User B + participant AS + participant CDF + Note right of AS: 3. Start Timer + Note right of AS: 4. Timer Expired + Note right of CDF: Open/Create an AS + + External->>S-CSCF: 1. INVITE + S-CSCF->>iFC: + iFC->>S-CSCF: + S-CSCF->>AS: 1. INVITE + AS->>S-CSCF: 1. INVITE + AS->>CDF: 1. INVITE + CDF-->>AS: 2. 180 Ringing + AS-->>iFC: 2. 180 Ringing + iFC-->>External: 2. 180 Ringing + Note right of AS: 3. Start Timer + Note right of AS: 4. Timer Expired + AS->>S-CSCF: 5. Cancel + S-CSCF->>CDF: 5. Cancel + Note right of S-CSCF: 6. SIP signalling ;, CFNR logic, release call to user B and Invite towards user C + S-CSCF->>AS: 7. INVITE (user C) + AS->>CDF: 7. INVITE (user C) + CDF-->>AS: 8.200 OK + AS->>S-CSCF: 8.200 OK + AS->>CDF: 9. Accounting Request [Start/Event] + Note right of CDF: Open/Create an AS + CDF-->>AS: 10. Accounting Answer + AS->>S-CSCF: 8.200 OK + S-CSCF->>External: 8.200 OK + Note right of S-CSCF: More SIP signalling + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CDIV service - establishment. The diagram shows interactions between S-CSCF, AS, and CDF within a Home Network. It details the flow of INVITE, 180 Ringing, Cancel, and Accounting messages for User B and User C. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.7.1-1 : Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CDIV service - establishment** + +A communication is requested towards User B, user B has activated the CFNR + +- 1) INVITE request incoming for User B. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User B is subscribed to the CDIV supplementary services, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing AS implementing CDIV. Then INVITE is forwarded to User B. +- 2) 180 ringing is sent back from User B. +- 3) The non-reply timer in the AS is started . + +- 4) The timer expires. +- 5 to 7) The AS implementing the CDIV service performs the Call Forwarding No Reply logic: release the communication to User B, and forward the call towards user C (INVITE request including URI-C as destination). +- 8) The destination User C party answers and a final response is received. +- 9) Upon reception of the final response, the AS implementing the CDIV service sends an *Accounting-Request* with *Accounting-Record-Type* indicating START\_RECORD/EVENT\_RECORD to record call forwarding execution (start of the forwarded leg from User B to User C): basic communication information are transferred with specific call forwarding information (service mode= “CFNR”, associated number = “ user B” as the user who invoked the call forwarding). +- 10) The CDF acknowledges the reception of the data and opens/creates an AS CDR to record the forwarded leg from User B to User C. + +NOTE : Although only the “call forwarding on no reply” case is depicted here , it serves as a basis for all other call forwarding modes description (Call Forwarding Unconditional, Call Deflection, Call Forwarding on Busy, Call Forwarding Not Logged-in ) for ACR generation : In all these cases, the AS AS implementing the CDIV service sends an *Accounting-Request* with *Accounting-Record-Type* indicating START\_RECORD to record call forwarding execution (whatever the mode), when the final response is received from user-C. + +###### 5.2.2.1.7.2 Communications Diversion (CDIV) – release + +The next figure shows the Diameter transactions occurring on release of the previous established communication, initiated by user C: + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CDIV service - release. The diagram shows interactions between S-CSCF, AS, and CDF within a Home Network, and an external User C. The sequence starts with a BYE from User C to S-CSCF. S-CSCF then sends a BYE to AS, which in turn sends a BYE to S-CSCF. S-CSCF then sends a BYE to User C. AS sends an Accounting Request [Stop] to CDF. CDF performs 'Close the AS CDR' and sends an Accounting Answer to AS. AS sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which sends a 200 OK to User C. Finally, AS sends a 200 OK to CDF, which sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF.](805c475f0859e607af0530ba43194bf1_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UserC as User C + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + Note right of CDF: Home Network + + UserC->>S-CSCF: 1.BYE (User C) + S-CSCF->>AS: 1.BYE + AS->>S-CSCF: 1.BYE + S-CSCF->>UserC: 1.BYE + AS->>CDF: 2. Accounting Request [Stop] + Note right of CDF: Close the AS CDR + CDF->>AS: 3. Accounting Answer + AS->>S-CSCF: 200 OK + S-CSCF->>UserC: 200 OK + AS->>CDF: 200 OK + CDF->>S-CSCF: 200 OK + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CDIV service - release. The diagram shows interactions between S-CSCF, AS, and CDF within a Home Network, and an external User C. The sequence starts with a BYE from User C to S-CSCF. S-CSCF then sends a BYE to AS, which in turn sends a BYE to S-CSCF. S-CSCF then sends a BYE to User C. AS sends an Accounting Request [Stop] to CDF. CDF performs 'Close the AS CDR' and sends an Accounting Answer to AS. AS sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which sends a 200 OK to User C. Finally, AS sends a 200 OK to CDF, which sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.7.2-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CDIV service -release** + +- 1) User C initiates release of the communication + +- 2) At session termination the AS implementing the CDIV service, sends an *Accounting-Request* with *Accounting-Record-Type* indicating *STOP\_RECORD* to record stop the call for which User B has been forwarded. The AS CDR is closed. + +##### 5.2.2.1.8 Communication Waiting (CW) Charging + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server, which implements the CW service and CDF for the callee (subscriber of CW). + +![Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CW service. The diagram shows interactions between S-CSCF, AS, P-CSCF, UE-B, and CDF. The sequence starts with an INVITE from an external source to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS determines NDUB condition and inserts CW indication. AS then sends INVITE with CW indication to S-CSCF, which forwards it to P-CSCF and then to UE-B. UE-B responds with 180 Ringing, which is passed back through P-CSCF and S-CSCF to AS. AS inserts Alert-Info header with CW URN. AS then sends 180 Ringing with Alert-Info to S-CSCF, which forwards it to the external source. AS also has the possibility to generate a CW announcement. UE-B sends 200 OK to P-CSCF, which is passed back through S-CSCF and AS to the external source. AS sends Accounting Request [Start/Event] to CDF, which opens/creates an AS CDR. CDF sends Accounting Answer to AS, which then sends 200 OK to the external source.](f0a97d0d3818a253c1d2a009966081b1_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant P-CSCF + participant UE-B + participant CDF + + External->>S-CSCF: 1. INVITE + S-CSCF->>AS: 2. INVITE + Note right of AS: 2a. the AS determines the approaching NDUB condition and inserts a CW indication in the INVITE request + AS->>S-CSCF: 3. INVITE [ CW indication] + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 4. INVITE [ CW indication] + P-CSCF->>UE-B: 5. INVITE [ CW indication] + UE-B->>P-CSCF: 6. 180 Ringing + Note right of UE-B: 6a. Possibility for User B to react: release session +HOLD, ...] +not part of CW + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 7. 180 Ringing + S-CSCF->>AS: 8. 180 Ringing + Note right of AS: 8a. the AS inserts a Alert-Info header with a CW URN into the 180 Ringing response + AS->>S-CSCF: 9. 180 Ringing Alert-Info: urn:alert service call- waiting + S-CSCF->>External: 10. 180 Ringing Alert-Info: urn:alert service call- waiting + Note right of AS: 9a. the AS has the possibility to generate a CW announcement + UE-B->>P-CSCF: 11. 200 OK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 12. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>AS: 13. 200 OK + AS->>S-CSCF: 14. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>External: 18. 200 OK + AS->>CDF: 15. Accounting Request[Start/Event] + Note right of CDF: 16. Open/Create an AS CDR indicating CW in it + CDF->>AS: 17. Accounting Answer + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CW service. The diagram shows interactions between S-CSCF, AS, P-CSCF, UE-B, and CDF. The sequence starts with an INVITE from an external source to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS determines NDUB condition and inserts CW indication. AS then sends INVITE with CW indication to S-CSCF, which forwards it to P-CSCF and then to UE-B. UE-B responds with 180 Ringing, which is passed back through P-CSCF and S-CSCF to AS. AS inserts Alert-Info header with CW URN. AS then sends 180 Ringing with Alert-Info to S-CSCF, which forwards it to the external source. AS also has the possibility to generate a CW announcement. UE-B sends 200 OK to P-CSCF, which is passed back through S-CSCF and AS to the external source. AS sends Accounting Request [Start/Event] to CDF, which opens/creates an AS CDR. CDF sends Accounting Answer to AS, which then sends 200 OK to the external source. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.8-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CW service + +- 1-2). The communication is initiated by UE-A by sending an INVITE request. The Request URI will include the URI of UE-B. After IFC evaluation in the S-CSCF the INVITE request is routed to the CW AS. +- 2a). The AS detects the CW condition and inserts a CW indication into the INVITE request per procedures. +- 3-4). The INVITE is routed to UE-B. +- 5). UE-B recognizes the CW indication per procedures. +- 6). UE-B sends back a 180 (Ringing) response. +- 6a). out of scope: user B uses the HOLD service or releases a session in order to free resources] +- 7-8). The 180 (Ringing) response is routed back to the AS. +- 8a). The AS optionally inserts a Alert-Info with a 'CW' URN into the 180 (Ringing) response. +- 9-10). The 180 (Ringing) response is routed back to the communication origin. +- 9a). The AS may initiate an announcement to the calling user that the communication is a waiting communication, in accordance with 3GPP TS 24.628 [4].] +- 11-14). UE-B sends back a 200 (OK) response to the CW AS and CW AS sends it to the S-CSCF. +- 15-17). The CW AS sends an Accounting-Request[Start]/Accounting-Request[Event] to CDF, then the CDF opens/creates an AS CDR for the Communication Waiting with CW indication on the AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer to the CW AS. +- 18). S-CSCF sends back a 200(OK) response to UE-A. + +##### 5.2.2.1.9 Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) + +###### 5.2.2.1.9.1 Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) : Blind Transfer + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Servers implementing the ECT service for the transferor and for the transferee, and CDF: a successful Blind Transfer from User A to User C, initiated by User B + +For diagram simplification, only one CDF is shown. + +![Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of ECT service – Blind Transfer (part1). The diagram shows interactions between S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, and CDF. It starts with an established communication between A and B, followed by a REFER request from B to C, which is then processed through the AS and CDF to establish a new session. The sequence concludes with BYE messages, accounting requests, and final OK responses.](00504fc688ebcf131ccbeff94dfc9939_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant S-CSCF A + participant AS A + participant S-CSCF B + participant AS B + participant CDF + + Note over S-CSCF A, CDF: A and B established communication – B puts A on Hold + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 1. REFER (user-C) + AS B->>AS A: 2. forward to AS + AS A->>S-CSCF B: 1. REFER (User C) + S-CSCF B->>CDF: 3. User-C =>ECT session-id + CDF->>S-CSCF B: 1. REFER (ECT session id) + S-CSCF B->>S-CSCF A: 1. REFER + S-CSCF A->>AS A: 4. forward to AS + AS A->>S-CSCF A: 1. REFER + S-CSCF A->>AS A: 1. REFER + AS A->>S-CSCF A: 1. REFER + S-CSCF A->>External: 5.202 Accepted + Note over S-CSCF A, CDF: More 202 Accepted signalling between (A,x-CSCF,AS-A) and (x-CSCF,AS-B, B) + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 6. BYE + AS B->>S-CSCF B: 6. BYE + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 6. BYE + AS B->>CDF: 7. Accounting Request [Stop] + Note over CDF: Close AS CDR + CDF->>AS B: 8. Accounting Answer + AS B->>S-CSCF B: 6. BYE + S-CSCF B->>S-CSCF A: 6. BYE + S-CSCF A->>AS A: 6. BYE + AS A->>S-CSCF A: 6. BYE + S-CSCF A->>External: 9.200 OK + Note over S-CSCF A, CDF: More 200 OK signalling between (A,x-CSCF,AS-A) and (x-CSCF,AS-B, B) + Note over S-CSCF A, CDF: Media between User A and User B are terminated + Note over S-CSCF A, CDF: 10. More signalling between (A,x-CSCF,AS-A) and (x-CSCF,AS-B, B) are transferred + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of ECT service – Blind Transfer (part1). The diagram shows interactions between S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, and CDF. It starts with an established communication between A and B, followed by a REFER request from B to C, which is then processed through the AS and CDF to establish a new session. The sequence concludes with BYE messages, accounting requests, and final OK responses. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.9.1-1 : Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of ECT service – Blind Transfer (part1) + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of ECT service – Blind Transfer (part 2). Lifelines: S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, CDF. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE and Accounting messages between these entities.](e05b36c0d46549e681ce6581422c66b2_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant S-CSCF A + participant AS A + participant S-CSCF B + participant AS B + participant CDF + + Note left of S-CSCF A: 11. INVITE (ECT session-id) + S-CSCF A->>AS A: 11. INVITE + AS A->>S-CSCF A: 11. INVITE + S-CSCF A->>AS A: 11. INVITE + S-CSCF A->>S-CSCF B: 11. INVITE + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 11. INVITE + Note right of AS B: 12.ECT-session-id => User + AS B->>S-CSCF B: 11. INVITE (User C) + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 11. INVITE (User C) + AS B->>CDF: + CDF->>AS B: 13. 200 OK + AS B->>S-CSCF B: 13. 200 OK + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 13. 200 OK + AS B->>CDF: 14. Accounting Request [Start/Event] + Note right of CDF: Open/Create an AS CDR for AS B + CDF->>AS B: 15. Accounting Answer + AS B->>AS A: 16. Accounting Request [Start/Event] + Note right of AS A: Open/Create an AS CDR for AS A + AS A->>CDF: + AS A->>S-CSCF A: 17. Accounting Answer + S-CSCF A->>AS A: 13. 200 OK + AS A->>S-CSCF A: 13. 200 OK + S-CSCF A->>S-CSCF B: 13. 200 OK + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of ECT service – Blind Transfer (part 2). Lifelines: S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, CDF. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE and Accounting messages between these entities. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.9.1-2 : Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of ECT service – Blind Transfer (part 2)** + +In this scenario User A is the transferee, User B is the transferor, and User C is the transfer target. + +User A and User B are in an established communication for which, based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules indicating that User B is subscribed to the ECT supplementary service, the INVITE was forwarded to an AS implementing ECT (for User A and User B). + +User B puts User A on Hold + +- 1) User B sends REFER request in the existing A-B dialog, to initiate transfer User A to User C. +- 2) this subsequent request is forwarded to the AS implementing ECT. +- 3) AS generates an "ECT Session Identifier" replacing User C as the new destination information, for remaining in the loop, for transferor's role. +- 4) On REFER receipt, this request is forwarded the AS implementing ECT. +- 5) The REFER is accepted by User A, and 202 Accepted is transferred from User A to User B. +- 6-9) User B sends BYE for terminating original INVITE with User A, acknowledged by 200 OK from User A. AS B releases the media between User A and User B which are on hold, then sends an *Accounting-Request* with *Accounting-Record-Type* indicating STOP\_RECORD to record termination of the dialogue between User A and User B. + +10) More signalling between (User A,x-CSCF,AS-A ) and (x-CSCF,AS-B,User B) : + +User A sends NOTIFY(100 Trying) associated to the received REFER, and User B acknowledges by 200 OK + +11) User A initiates a new session by sending an INVITE request with “ ECT Session Identifier” . + +12) AS implementing the ECT service correlates this INVITE to the initial session to be transferred and replaces “ECT Session Identifier” with User C for creating an INVITE towards UE-C. + +13) The destination User C party answers and a final response is received. + +14) Upon reception of the final response, the AS implementing the ECT service for the transferor, sends an Accounting-Request with Accounting-Record-Type indicating START\_RECORD/EVENT\_RECORD to record Transfer execution. + +15) The CDF acknowledges the reception of the data and opens/creates an AS CDR. + +16) Upon reception of the final response, the AS implementing the ECT service for the transferee, sends an Accounting-Request with Accounting-Record-Type indicating START\_RECORD/EVENT\_RECORD to record User A is transferred, with specific indicator of whether the transferee was engaged in an originating call or in a terminating call before the transfer execution. + +17) The CDF acknowledges the reception of the data and opens/creates an AS CDR. + +NOTE : The "Consultative Transfer" scenario mainly differs from the "Blind transfer" on the transfer establishment phase : when User B has put User A on Hold, User B establishes a communication towards User C and puts User C on Hold, then User B initiates the REFER for the transfer triggering. The Accounting-Record-Type indicating START\_RECORD for recording Transfer execution occurs at the same steps for both scenario: on the final response associated to INVITE towards User C for the transferor and for the transferee. + +###### 5.2.2.1.9.2 Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT)) : Release + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Servers implementing the ECT service for the transferor and for the transferee, and CDF: release from User A, after a successful Blind Transfer from User A to User C, initiated by User B. + +![Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of ECT service – Release. The diagram shows the interaction between S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, and CDF. The sequence starts with a '1. BYE' message from an external source to S-CSCF A. S-CSCF A then sends '1. BYE' to AS A. AS A responds with '2. Accounting Request [Stop]' to CDF. CDF performs 'Close AS CDR' and sends '3. Accounting Answer' back to AS A. AS A then sends '1. BYE' to S-CSCF B. S-CSCF B sends '1. BYE' to AS B. AS B sends '4. Accounting Request [Stop]' to CDF. CDF performs 'Close AS CDR' and sends '5. Accounting Answer' back to AS B. Finally, AS B sends '1. BYE (User-C)' to an external destination.](05eb72d372e4bf78e3d6a64949d77bcc_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant S-CSCF_A as S-CSCF A + participant AS_A as AS A + participant S-CSCF_B as S-CSCF B + participant AS_B as AS B + participant CDF + + External->>S-CSCF_A: 1. BYE + S-CSCF_A->>AS_A: 1. BYE + AS_A->>CDF: 2. Accounting Request [Stop] + Note right of CDF: Close AS CDR + CDF->>AS_A: 3. Accounting Answer + AS_A->>S-CSCF_B: 1. BYE + S-CSCF_B->>AS_B: 1. BYE + AS_B->>CDF: 4. Accounting Request [Stop] + Note right of CDF: Close AS CDR + CDF->>AS_B: 5. Accounting Answer + AS_B->>External: 1. BYE (User-C) + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of ECT service – Release. The diagram shows the interaction between S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, and CDF. The sequence starts with a '1. BYE' message from an external source to S-CSCF A. S-CSCF A then sends '1. BYE' to AS A. AS A responds with '2. Accounting Request [Stop]' to CDF. CDF performs 'Close AS CDR' and sends '3. Accounting Answer' back to AS A. AS A then sends '1. BYE' to S-CSCF B. S-CSCF B sends '1. BYE' to AS B. AS B sends '4. Accounting Request [Stop]' to CDF. CDF performs 'Close AS CDR' and sends '5. Accounting Answer' back to AS B. Finally, AS B sends '1. BYE (User-C)' to an external destination. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.9.2-1 : Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of ECT service – Release** + +1) User A initiates release of the communication + +2-3) At session termination the AS implementing the ECT service for the transferee, sends an *Accounting-Request* with *Accounting-Record-Type* indicating *STOP\_RECORD* to record stop the call for which User A has been transferred. + +4-5) At session termination the AS implementing the ECT service for the transferor, sends an *Accounting-Request* with *Accounting-Record-Type* indicating *STOP\_RECORD* to record stop the call transferred by User B. The AS CDR is closed. + +##### 5.2.2.1.10 Message Waiting Indication Charging (MWI) + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server (MWI), which implements the MWI service and CDF. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of MWI service](6e15fc9ea763541c5913d26f85072ae1_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the message sequence for offline charging of the MWI service. It is divided into two network domains: 'Visited Network' and 'Subscriber's Home Network'. The entities involved are UE (Subscriber), S-CSCF, AS(MWI), and CDF. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. UE sends a SUBSCRIBE message to S-CSCF. 2. S-CSCF performs an 'Evaluation of initial filter criteria'. 3. S-CSCF sends a SUBSCRIBE message to AS(MWI). 4. AS(MWI) performs 'Subscriber Authorisation'. 5. AS(MWI) sends a 200 (OK) response to S-CSCF. 6. S-CSCF sends a 200 (OK) response to UE. 7. AS(MWI) sends a NOTIFY message to S-CSCF. 8. UE sends a NOTIFY response to S-CSCF. 9. S-CSCF sends a 200 (OK) response to UE. 10. AS(MWI) sends a 200 (OK) response to S-CSCF. 11. AS(MWI) sends an Accounting Request[Event] message to CDF. 12. CDF performs 'Create an AS CDR indicating MWI In it'. 13. CDF sends an Accounting Answer response to AS(MWI). + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of MWI service + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.10-1 : Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of MWI service** + +1-6) UE subscribes to AS (MWI) and the AS (MWI) returns 200 OK. + +7-10) The AS (MWI) sends NOTIFY request to S-CSCF and the subscriber UE acknowledges the NOTIFY request. + +11-13) The AS (MWI) sends Accounting Request [Event] message to CDF, CDF creates an AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer to the AS (MWI). + +##### 5.2.2.1.11 CONF Charging + +During a conference, user could create the conference, join the conference, invite another user to the conference and leave the conference, according to 3GPP TS24.605. The following subclauses respectively show the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server, which implements the CONF service and CDF corresponding different conference scenarios. + +###### 5.2.2.1.11.1 CONF Charging – user creating a conference + +![Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CONF service- User creating a conference. The diagram shows interactions between UE#1, S-CSCF, AS, and CDF. UE#1 sends an INVITE to S-CSCF, which is responded to with 100 Trying. S-CSCF then forwards the INVITE to AS, which also responds with 100 Trying. AS allocates a Conference URI and returns 183 Session Progress to S-CSCF, which in turn returns it to UE#1. UE#1 sends a PRACK to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS returns 200ok to S-CSCF, which returns it to UE#1. UE#1 sends an UPDATE to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS returns 200ok to S-CSCF, which returns it to UE#1. AS sends an ACR[Start/Event] to CDF, which opens/creates an AS CDR for the conference and returns an ACA to AS. AS returns 200ok to S-CSCF, which returns it to UE#1. UE#1 sends a final ACK to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS.](1cac1845cf99a3f64ae00cd2bb4f9ed7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE#1 + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + + UE#1->>S-CSCF: 1. INVITE + S-CSCF-->>UE#1: 2. 100 Trying + S-CSCF->>AS: 3. INVITE + AS-->>S-CSCF: 4. 100 Trying + Note over AS: 5. Allocate +Conference URI + AS-->>S-CSCF: 6. 183 Session Progress + S-CSCF-->>UE#1: 7. 183 Session Progress + UE#1->>S-CSCF: 8. PRACK + S-CSCF->>AS: 9. PRACK + AS-->>S-CSCF: 10. 200ok + S-CSCF-->>UE#1: 11. 200ok + UE#1->>S-CSCF: 12. UPDATE + S-CSCF->>AS: 13. UPDATE + AS-->>S-CSCF: 14. 200ok + S-CSCF-->>UE#1: 15. 200ok + AS-->>S-CSCF: 16. 200ok + AS->>CDF: 17. ACR[Start/Event] + Note over CDF: 18. Open/Create an AS +CDR for the conference + Note right of CDF: Indicate CONF on +the AS CDR + CDF-->>AS: 19. ACA + AS-->>S-CSCF: 20. 200ok + S-CSCF-->>UE#1: 21. ACK + S-CSCF->>AS: 22. ACK + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CONF service- User creating a conference. The diagram shows interactions between UE#1, S-CSCF, AS, and CDF. UE#1 sends an INVITE to S-CSCF, which is responded to with 100 Trying. S-CSCF then forwards the INVITE to AS, which also responds with 100 Trying. AS allocates a Conference URI and returns 183 Session Progress to S-CSCF, which in turn returns it to UE#1. UE#1 sends a PRACK to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS returns 200ok to S-CSCF, which returns it to UE#1. UE#1 sends an UPDATE to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS returns 200ok to S-CSCF, which returns it to UE#1. AS sends an ACR[Start/Event] to CDF, which opens/creates an AS CDR for the conference and returns an ACA to AS. AS returns 200ok to S-CSCF, which returns it to UE#1. UE#1 sends a final ACK to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.11.1-1 : Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CONF service- User creating a conference** + +1-2). The communication is initiated by UE#1 by sending an INVITE request to S-CSCF. And S-CSCF sends back 100 Trying response to inform UE#1 to wait for a while because the request is being treated. + +3-4). S-CSCF transfers INVITE request from UE#1 to CONF AS and the CONF AS sends back 100 Trying response to inform S-CSCF to wait for a while because the request is being treated. + +5). The CONF AS allocates the conference URI. + +6-16). After the media resource negotiation process, the CONF AS sends back 200 ok response. + +17-19). The CONF AS sends Accounting Request[Start]/Accounting Request[Event] to CDF, then the CDF opens/creates an AS CDR for the conference with CONF indication on the AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer to the CONF AS. + +###### 5.2.2.1.11.2 CONF Charging – user joining a conference + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server, which implements the CONF service and CDF corresponding to the conference scenario: user joining a conference. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, S-CSCF, AS, and CDF for CONF Charging. The diagram starts with a note 'The conference has already been created'. The sequence of messages is: 1. INVITE from UE#1 to S-CSCF; 2. 100 Trying from S-CSCF to UE#1; 3. INVITE from S-CSCF to AS; 4. 100 Trying from AS to S-CSCF; 5. 183 session progress from AS to S-CSCF; 6. 183 session progress from S-CSCF to UE#1; 7. PRACK from UE#1 to S-CSCF; 8. PRACK from S-CSCF to AS; 9. 200ok from AS to S-CSCF; 10. 200ok from S-CSCF to UE#1; 11. UPDATE from UE#1 to S-CSCF; 12. UPDATE from S-CSCF to AS; 13. 200ok from AS to S-CSCF; 14. 200ok from S-CSCF to UE#1; 15. 200ok from AS to S-CSCF; 16. ACR[Interim/Event] from AS to CDF; 17. Update/Create an AS CDR for the conference (internal to CDF); 18. ACA from CDF to AS; 19. 200ok from AS to S-CSCF; 20. ACK from UE#1 to S-CSCF; 21. ACK from S-CSCF to AS. A callout from step 17 indicates 'CONF' in the AS CDR.](b2f5606b9c7184c1c6070a290080a3e3_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, S-CSCF, AS, and CDF for CONF Charging. The diagram starts with a note 'The conference has already been created'. The sequence of messages is: 1. INVITE from UE#1 to S-CSCF; 2. 100 Trying from S-CSCF to UE#1; 3. INVITE from S-CSCF to AS; 4. 100 Trying from AS to S-CSCF; 5. 183 session progress from AS to S-CSCF; 6. 183 session progress from S-CSCF to UE#1; 7. PRACK from UE#1 to S-CSCF; 8. PRACK from S-CSCF to AS; 9. 200ok from AS to S-CSCF; 10. 200ok from S-CSCF to UE#1; 11. UPDATE from UE#1 to S-CSCF; 12. UPDATE from S-CSCF to AS; 13. 200ok from AS to S-CSCF; 14. 200ok from S-CSCF to UE#1; 15. 200ok from AS to S-CSCF; 16. ACR[Interim/Event] from AS to CDF; 17. Update/Create an AS CDR for the conference (internal to CDF); 18. ACA from CDF to AS; 19. 200ok from AS to S-CSCF; 20. ACK from UE#1 to S-CSCF; 21. ACK from S-CSCF to AS. A callout from step 17 indicates 'CONF' in the AS CDR. + +**Figure: 5.2.2.1.11.2-1 CONF Charging – user joining a conference** + +1-2). The conference has already been created. UE#1 sends an INVITE request to S-CSCF in order to join in the conference. And S-CSCF sends back SIP 100 Trying response to inform UE#1 to wait for a while because the request is being treated. + +3-4). S-CSCF transfers INVITE request from UE#1 to CONF AS and the CONF AS sends back SIP 100 Trying response to inform S-CSCF to wait for a while because the request is being treated. + +5-15). After the media resource negotiation process, the CONF AS sends back SIP 200 ok response. + +16-18). The CONF AS sends Accounting Request[Interim/Event] to CDF, CDF updates or creates an AS CDR for the conference and returns Accounting Answer to the CONF AS. + +###### 5.2.2.1.11.3 CONF Charging – user inviting another user to a conference + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server, which implements the CONF service and CDF corresponding to the conference scenario: user being invited into a conference. + +![Sequence diagram for CONF Charging – user inviting another user to a conference. Lifelines: UE#1, S-CSCF, AS, CDF, UE#2. The diagram shows 13 numbered steps: 1. REFER (UE#1 to S-CSCF), 2. REFER (S-CSCF to AS), 3. 202 Accepted (AS to S-CSCF), 4. 202 Accepted (S-CSCF to UE#1), 5. NOTIFY (AS to S-CSCF), 6. NOTIFY (S-CSCF to UE#1), 7. 200ok (UE#1 to S-CSCF), 8. 200ok (S-CSCF to AS), 9. INVITE (AS to UE#2), 10. 200ok (UE#2 to AS), 11. ACR[Interim/Event] (AS to CDF), 12. Update/Create an AS CDR for the conference (CDF internal), 13. ACA (CDF to AS). A callout from step 12 indicates 'CONF' in the AS CDR.](382a9c9e4816bd229191ab4591424dd8_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE#1 + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + participant UE#2 + + Note over UE#1, CDF: The conference has already been created. + + UE#1->>S-CSCF: 1. REFER + S-CSCF->>AS: 2. REFER + AS->>S-CSCF: 3. 202 Accepted + S-CSCF->>UE#1: 4. 202 Accepted + AS->>S-CSCF: 5. NOTIFY + S-CSCF->>UE#1: 6. NOTIFY + UE#1->>S-CSCF: 7. 200ok + S-CSCF->>AS: 8. 200ok + AS->>UE#2: 9. INVITE + UE#2->>AS: 10. 200ok + AS->>CDF: 11. ACR[Interim/Event] + Note right of CDF: 12. Update/Create an AS CDR for the conference + CDF->>AS: 13. ACA + Note right of CDF: Indicate CONF in the AS CDR + +``` + +Sequence diagram for CONF Charging – user inviting another user to a conference. Lifelines: UE#1, S-CSCF, AS, CDF, UE#2. The diagram shows 13 numbered steps: 1. REFER (UE#1 to S-CSCF), 2. REFER (S-CSCF to AS), 3. 202 Accepted (AS to S-CSCF), 4. 202 Accepted (S-CSCF to UE#1), 5. NOTIFY (AS to S-CSCF), 6. NOTIFY (S-CSCF to UE#1), 7. 200ok (UE#1 to S-CSCF), 8. 200ok (S-CSCF to AS), 9. INVITE (AS to UE#2), 10. 200ok (UE#2 to AS), 11. ACR[Interim/Event] (AS to CDF), 12. Update/Create an AS CDR for the conference (CDF internal), 13. ACA (CDF to AS). A callout from step 12 indicates 'CONF' in the AS CDR. + +**Figure: 5.2.2.1.11.3-1 CONF Charging – user inviting another user to a conference** + +1-2). The conference has already been created. UE#1 sends a REFER request to S-CSCF in order to invite UE#2 into the conference. + +3-4). The CONF AS sends back 202 Accepted response to UE#1 via some related NEs like S-CSCF to indicate that he has received the REFER request successfully. + +5-6). The CONF AS sends a NOTIFY request corresponding the REFER request to UE#1. + +7-8). UE#1 sends back SIP 200 ok response to the CONF AS. + +9-10). The CONF AS sends an INVITE request to UE#2 in order to invite him into the conference. And UE#2 sends back SIP 200 ok response to the CONF AS. + +11-13) The CONF AS sends Accounting Request [Interim/Event] to CDF, CDF updates or creates an AS CDR for the conference and returns Accounting Answer to the CONF AS. + +###### 5.2.2.1.11.4 CONF Charging – user leaving a conference + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server, which implements the CONF service and CDF corresponding to the conference scenario: user leaving a conference. + +![Sequence diagram for CONF Charging – user leaving a conference. Lifelines: UE#1, S-CSCF, AS, CDF. The process starts with a note 'The conference has already been created.' followed by a BYE request from UE#1 to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS sends an ACR[Stop/Interim/Event] to CDF, which updates the AS CDR. AS then sends an ACA to CDF and a 200 ok to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to UE#1. AS also sends a NOTIFY to other participants, which receive a 200ok response from S-CSCF.](9f6dec4d4e9fde40bce018861ef1278e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE#1 + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + + rect rgb(255, 255, 255) + Note over UE#1, CDF: The conference has already been created. + end + + UE#1->>S-CSCF: 1. BYE + S-CSCF->>AS: 2. BYE + AS->>CDF: 3. ACR[Stop/Interim/Event] + Note right of CDF: 4. Close/Update/Create +an AS CDR for the +conference + CDF-->>AS: 5. ACA + Note right of CDF: Indicate CONF in +the AS CDR + AS->>S-CSCF: 6. 200 ok + S-CSCF->>UE#1: 7. 200ok + AS->>S-CSCF: 8. NOTIFY + Note right of AS: 9. NOTIFY to other +conference participants + S-CSCF->>UE#1: 10. NOTIFY + UE#1->>S-CSCF: 11. 200ok + S-CSCF->>AS: 12. 200ok + +``` + +Sequence diagram for CONF Charging – user leaving a conference. Lifelines: UE#1, S-CSCF, AS, CDF. The process starts with a note 'The conference has already been created.' followed by a BYE request from UE#1 to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS sends an ACR[Stop/Interim/Event] to CDF, which updates the AS CDR. AS then sends an ACA to CDF and a 200 ok to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to UE#1. AS also sends a NOTIFY to other participants, which receive a 200ok response from S-CSCF. + +**Figure: 5.2.2.1.11.4-1 CONF Charging – user leaving a conference** + +1-2). The conference has already been created. UE#1 sends a BYE request to the CONF AS in order to quit the conference. + +3-5). The CONF AS sends Accounting Request[Interim/Event] to CDF, CDF updates or creates an AS CDR for the conference and returns Accounting Answer to the CONF AS. Conference termination should refer to the description of subclause 5.3.2.7 in TS 24.147, e.g. If there isn't any conference policy and the last online conference user quits the conference could be considered as the conference termination, when the last online conference user quits the conference (sends a BYE request to the CONF AS), the CONF AS sends Accounting Request [Stop/Event] to CDF, CDF stops or creates an AS CDR for the conference and returns Accounting Answer to the CONF AS. + +6-7). The CONF AS sends back SIP 200 ok response to UE#1. + +8-10). The CONF AS sends a NOTIFY request to other conference participants that UE#1 has quitted the conference. + +11-12). Other conference participants sends back SIP 200 ok response to the CONF AS. + +###### **5.2.2.1.11.5 Three-Party (3PTY) Charging – successful establishment** + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server, which implements the 3PTY service and CDF corresponding to the 3PTY scenario: 3PTY service successful establishment. + +![Sequence diagram for Three-Party (3PTY) Charging – successful establishment. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (3PTY), CDF, UE-C, UE-B. The diagram shows the signaling flow for establishing a three-party call and charging session.](329c96049bb432e9c2cbda4e224a0c9c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS as AS (3PTY) + participant CDF + participant UE-C + participant UE-B + + Note over UE-A, UE-B: 1. UE-A and UE-B has established communication. UE-A puts UE-B on hold + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 2. Invite (UE-C) + S-CSCF->>AS: 2. Invite (UE-C) + AS->>UE-C: 3. 200OK + UE-C->>S-CSCF: 3.200OK + S-CSCF->>UE-A: 4. ACK + AS->>UE-C: 4. ACK + Note over UE-A, UE-C: Media path between UE-A and UE-C + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 5. Invite (3PTY AS) + S-CSCF->>AS: 5. Invite (3PTY AS) + AS->>S-CSCF: 6. 200OK + S-CSCF->>UE-A: 6.200OK + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 7. ACK + S-CSCF->>AS: 7. ACK + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 8. REFER Refer-To: 3PTY AS + S-CSCF->>AS: 8. REFER Refer-To: 3PTY AS + AS->>CDF: 9. 200 Accepted + CDF->>S-CSCF: 10. NOTIFY + S-CSCF->>UE-A: 10. NOTIFY + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 11. 200OK + AS->>UE-C: 11. 200OK + AS->>CDF: 12. Invite + CDF->>S-CSCF: 12. Invite + S-CSCF->>AS: 13. 200OK + AS->>CDF: 13. 200OK + CDF->>UE-C: 14. ACK + AS->>S-CSCF: 14. ACK + S-CSCF->>UE-A: 15. NOTIFY + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 16. 200OK + AS->>UE-C: 16. 200OK + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 17. BYE + AS->>UE-C: 17. BYE + AS->>CDF: 18. 200 OK + CDF->>S-CSCF: 18. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>UE-A: 18. 200 OK + + Note over UE-A, UE-C: 19. Repeats step 8 to 17 on UE-A and UE-C to terminate the call between UE-A and UE-C + + AS->>CDF: 20. 200 OK + CDF->>S-CSCF: 20. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>AS: 20. 200 OK + AS->>CDF: 21. Accounting Request [Start/Interim/Event] + Note over CDF: 22. Open/Update /Create an AS CDR indicating + CDF->>AS: 23. Accounting Answer + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Three-Party (3PTY) Charging – successful establishment. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (3PTY), CDF, UE-C, UE-B. The diagram shows the signaling flow for establishing a three-party call and charging session. + +Figure 5.2.2.1.11.5-1: Three-Party (3PTY) Charging – successful establishment + +- 1) UE-A and UE-B has established communication. UE-A puts UE-B on hold before invoking the 3-Way Calling with UE-C. +- 2-4) UE-A establishes a call with UE-C following normal call setup procedure and gets UE-C's permission to start the 3-Way Calling. +- 5) UE-A sends an INVITE request to the 3PTY AS to establish a 3PTY session. +- 6-7) The 3PTY AS sends a 200 OK response and receives an ACK request from UE-A. +- 8-9) UE-A sends a REFER request to UE-B with the Refer-To header set to the address of the 3PTY AS; UE-B accepts the REFER request. +- 10-11) UE-B sends a NOTIFY request to UE-A to indicate that UE-B is acting on the REFER request. +- 12) UE-B sends an INVITE request to the 3PTY AS to join the 3PTY session. +- 13-14) The 3PTY AS sends a 200 OK response to UE-B and receives an ACK request. +- 15-16) UE-B sends a NOTIFY request to UE-A to indicate that it has finished action required by the REFER request. +- 17-18) UE-A sends a BYE request to terminate the call between UE-A and UE-B. +- 19-20) Repeats step 8 to 18 on UE-A and UE-C to terminate the call between UE-A and UE-C. +- 21-23) 3PTY AS sends an *Accounting Request [Start/Interim/Event]* to CDF, CDF opens or updates or create an 3PTY AS CDR for the 3PTY service and returns *Accounting Answer* to the 3PTY AS. + +###### 5.2.2.1.11.6 Three-Party (3PTY) Charging – release + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server, which implements the 3PTY service and CDF corresponding to the 3PTY scenario: release the 3PTY service. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the release of a Three-Party (3PTY) service. The diagram shows interactions between UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (3PTY), CDF, UE-C, and UE-B. The process starts with a BYE request from UE-A to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS (3PTY). AS (3PTY) sends an Accounting Request [Stop/Event] to CDF, which internally closes/creates an AS CDR. CDF returns an Accounting Answer to AS (3PTY), which then sends a 200OK response back to S-CSCF and finally to UE-A. The AS (3PTY) also notifies other 3PTY participants and releases the service.](8c880d6b715587bd710a9ba8414469b1_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS (3PTY) + participant CDF + participant UE-C + participant UE-B + + Note over all participants: The 3PTY has already been established + + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 1. BYE + S-CSCF->>AS (3PTY): 1. BYE + AS (3PTY)->>CDF: 2. Accounting Request [Stop/Event] + Note right of CDF: 3. Close/Create an AS CDR indicating 3PTY in it + CDF->>AS (3PTY): 4. Accounting Answer + AS (3PTY)->>S-CSCF: 5. 200OK + S-CSCF->>UE-A: 5. 200OK + Note over all participants: 6. Notify to other 3PTY participants, release the 3PTY service + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the release of a Three-Party (3PTY) service. The diagram shows interactions between UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (3PTY), CDF, UE-C, and UE-B. The process starts with a BYE request from UE-A to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS (3PTY). AS (3PTY) sends an Accounting Request [Stop/Event] to CDF, which internally closes/creates an AS CDR. CDF returns an Accounting Answer to AS (3PTY), which then sends a 200OK response back to S-CSCF and finally to UE-A. The AS (3PTY) also notifies other 3PTY participants and releases the service. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.11.6-1: Three-Party (3PTY) Charging – release** + +- 1) The 3PTY has already been established. UE-A sends a BYE request to the 3PTY AS in order to release from the 3PTY service. +- 2-4) At session termination 3PTY AS, sends an *Accounting-Request [Stop/Event]* to CDF, CDF stops or creates an AS CDR for the 3PTY service and returns *Accounting Answer* to the 3PTY AS. + +- 5) The 3PTY AS sends back SIP 200 OK response to UE-A. +- 6) The 3PTY AS sends a NOTIFY request to other participants that 3PTY service has released. + +##### 5.2.2.1.12 CCBS Charging + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server and CDF, which implements the CCBS service, and CDF after service execution. + +![Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CCBS service. The diagram shows interactions between UE-A, Intermediate IM CN subsystem entities, O-AS, CDF, T-AS, and UE-B. It is divided into three phases: 1. Initial INVITE and 486 Busy response. 2. IVR: CCBS possible and activation (SUBSCRIBE, NOTIFY, Accounting). 3. IVR: CCBS activated (486 Busy, NOTIFY, CCBS Recall).](8269648391c59363ea61243864a2adf7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant IMCN as Intermediate IM CN subsystem entities + participant O-AS + participant CDF + participant T-AS + participant UE-B + + Note left of UE-A: 1-5). The communication is initiated by UE-A by sending an INVITE request. + + UE-A->>IMCN: 1. INVITE sip:UE-B + IMCN->>O-AS: 2. INVITE + O-AS->>IMCN: 3. INVITE + IMCN->>T-AS: 4. INVITE + T-AS->>UE-B: 5. INVITE + UE-B->>T-AS: 6. 486 Busy + T-AS->>IMCN: 7. 486 Busy +Call-Info: ; +purpose=call-completion +m=BS; + IMCN->>O-AS: 8. 486 Busy + O-AS->>IMCN: 9. 183 Session progress + IMCN->>UE-A: 10. 183 Session progress + + Note right of UE-A: IVR: CCBS possible and activation + O-AS->>IMCN: 11. SUBSCRIBE + IMCN->>T-AS: 12. SUBSCRIBE sip:T-AS;m=BS +From: +To: +Contact: +Event: call-completion + T-AS->>IMCN: 13. 202 Accepted + IMCN->>O-AS: 14. 202 Accepted + Note right of T-AS: busy state supervision begins + T-AS->>IMCN: 15. NOTIFY sip:O-AS +Event call-completion +[cc-state queued +cc-service retention] + IMCN->>O-AS: 16. NOTIFY + O-AS->>IMCN: 17. 200 OK + O-AS->>CDF: 18. Accounting Request[Event] + Note right of CDF: 19. Create an AS CDR indicating CCBS in it + CDF->>O-AS: 20. Accounting Answer + O-AS->>IMCN: 21. 200 OK + + Note right of UE-A: IVR: CCBS activated + O-AS->>IMCN: 22. 486 Busy + IMCN->>UE-A: 23. 486 Busy + Note right of T-AS: user B becomes available + T-AS->>IMCN: 24. NOTIFY sip:O-AS +Event call-completion +[cc-state ready] + IMCN->>O-AS: 25. NOTIFY + O-AS->>IMCN: 26. 200 OK + IMCN->>T-AS: 27. 200 OK + + Note right of UE-A: CCBS Recall +3 pcc(incl.recall announcement) or REFER + O-AS->>IMCN: 28. INVITE + IMCN->>T-AS: 29. INVITE sip:UE-B;m=BS + T-AS->>UE-B: 30. INVITE sip:UE-B + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CCBS service. The diagram shows interactions between UE-A, Intermediate IM CN subsystem entities, O-AS, CDF, T-AS, and UE-B. It is divided into three phases: 1. Initial INVITE and 486 Busy response. 2. IVR: CCBS possible and activation (SUBSCRIBE, NOTIFY, Accounting). 3. IVR: CCBS activated (486 Busy, NOTIFY, CCBS Recall). + +Figure 5.2.2.1.12-1 : Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CCBS service + +1-5). The communication is initiated by UE-A by sending an INVITE request. + +6). UE-B answers with a 486 (Busy Here) response. The 486 (Busy Here) response is routed back to the terminating AS. + +7-8). The terminating AS inserts a Call-Info header field in the 486 (Busy Here) response. The Call-Info header field will contain the URI of the terminating AS with an "m" header field parameter set to "BS" (busy subscriber). It further includes a "purpose" header field parameters set to "call-completion". The 486 (Busy Here) response is routed back to the originating AS. + +9-10). The originating AS sends back a 183 (Session Progress) response to UE-A and initiates IVR procedures. User A is informed that CCBS is possible. User A activates CCBS. + +11-14). The originating AS subscribes for the call-completion event package. The terminating AS accepts the subscription and starts busy state supervision procedures on the callee. + +15-17). The terminating AS sends a notification to the originating AS. + +18-20). The originating AS sends Accounting Request[Event] to CDF, then the CDF creates an AS CDR for the CCBS service subscriber with CCBS indication on the AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer to the originating AS. + +21). After confirmation of the notification the originating AS starts announcements procedures informing about the activation of CCBS. + +22-23). The originating AS forwards the 486 (Busy Here) response to UE-A. + +24-27). When UE-B becomes available, the terminating AS sends a NOTIFY request to the originating AS, + +28-29). The originating AS starts the CCBS recall by sending an INVITE request to UE-B. In order to mark the INVITE request as a prioritized request for call-completion, the originating AS adds the "m" SIP URI parameter with the value 'BS' to the Request-URI. + +##### 5.2.2.1.13 CCNR Charging + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server and CDF, which implements the CCNR service, and CDF after service execution. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CCNR service. Lifelines: UE-A, Intermediate IM CN subsystem entities, O-AS, CDF, T-AS, UE-B. The process involves INVITE, 180 Ringing, SUBSCRIBE, 202 Accepted, NOTIFY, Accounting Request, and CDR creation.](8e80de0cac529b2c3775d677c5203133_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant IMCN as Intermediate IM CN subsystem entities + participant O-AS + participant CDF + participant T-AS + participant UE-B + + Note left of UE-A: IVR: CCNR possible and activation + UE-A->>IMCN: 1. INVITE sip:UE-B + IMCN->>O-AS: 2. INVITE + O-AS->>IMCN: 3. INVITE + IMCN->>T-AS: 4. INVITE + T-AS->>UE-B: 5. INVITE + UE-B-->>T-AS: 6. 180 Ringing + T-AS-->>IMCN: 7. 180 Ringing +Call-Info: ; +purpose=call-completion +m=NR; + IMCN-->>O-AS: 8. 180 Ringing +Call-Info: ; +purpose=call-completion +m=NR; + O-AS-->>IMCN: 9. 180 Ringing + IMCN-->>UE-A: 10. 180 Ringing + + Note left of UE-A: IVR: CCNR activated + O-AS->>IMCN: 11. SUBSCRIBE + IMCN->>T-AS: 12. SUBSCRIBE sip:T-AS;m=NR +From: +To: +Contact: +Event:call-completion + T-AS-->>IMCN: 13. 202 Accepted + IMCN-->>O-AS: 14. 202 Accepted + + Note right of T-AS: user B activity supervision begins + T-AS->>IMCN: 15. NOTIFY sip:O-AS +Event:call-completion +[cc-state:queued +cc-service:retention] + IMCN-->>O-AS: 16. NOTIFY + O-AS-->>IMCN: 17. 200 OK + + O-AS->>CDF: 18. Accounting Request[Event] + Note right of CDF: 19. Create an AS CDR indicating CCNR in it + CDF-->>O-AS: 20. Accounting Answer + O-AS-->>IMCN: 21. 200 OK + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CCNR service. Lifelines: UE-A, Intermediate IM CN subsystem entities, O-AS, CDF, T-AS, UE-B. The process involves INVITE, 180 Ringing, SUBSCRIBE, 202 Accepted, NOTIFY, Accounting Request, and CDR creation. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.13-1 : Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CCNR service** + +1-5). The communication is initiated by UE-A by sending an INVITE request. + +6). UE-B answers with a 180 (Ringing) response. The 180 (Ringing) response is routed back to the terminating AS. + +7-8). The terminating AS inserts a Call-Info header field in the 180 (Ringing) response. The Call-Info header field will contain the URI of the terminating AS with a "m" header field parameter set to "NR" (no reply). It further includes a "purpose" header field parameter set to "call-completion". The 180 (Ringing) response is routed back to the originating AS. + +9-10). The originating AS removes the Call-Info header field, forwards the 180 (Ringing) response to UE-A and initiates IVR procedures. User A is informed that CCNR is possible. User A activates CCNR. + +11-14). The originating AS subscribes for the call-completion event package. The terminating AS accepts the subscription and starts activity supervision procedures on the callee. + +15-17). The terminating AS sends a notification to the originating AS,. + +18-20). The originating AS sends Accounting Request[Event] to CDF, then the CDF creates an AS CDR for the CCNR service subscriber with CCNR indication on the AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer to the originating AS. + +21). After confirmation of the notification the originating AS starts announcements procedures informing about the activation of CCNR. + +##### 5.2.2.1.14 Flexible Alerting (FA) + +###### 5.2.2.1.14.1 Flexible Alerting (FA) - establishment + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server, implementing the FA service and CDF, with answer from one of FA group members. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of FA service - Answered. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (FA), CDF, UE-B, UE-C. The diagram shows the flow of SIP messages and accounting requests between these entities.](be3e5fe8be7cc5a74f67a4b8ac93193d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS (FA) + participant CDF + participant UE-B + participant UE-C + + Note right of AS (FA): 2. UE-B and UE-C members of FA group "Pilot Identity" + + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 1. INVITE (Pilot Identity) + S-CSCF->>AS (FA): 1. INVITE (Pilot Identity) + Note right of AS (FA): 2. UE-B and UE-C members of FA group "Pilot Identity" + AS (FA)->>S-CSCF: 3. INVITE (UE-B) + S-CSCF->>UE-B: 3. INVITE (UE-B) + Note over UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (FA), UE-B: 4. SIP signalling : alerting phase between UE-A, S-CSCF, AS and UE-B + AS (FA)->>S-CSCF: 5. INVITE (UE-C) + S-CSCF->>UE-C: 5. INVITE (UE-C) + Note over AS (FA), S-CSCF, UE-C: 6. SIP signalling : alerting phase between AS (FA), S-CSCF and UE-C + Note right of UE-C: UE-C answers + UE-C->>CDF: 7. 200 OK + CDF->>S-CSCF: 7. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>AS (FA): 7. 200 OK + AS (FA)->>CDF: 8. Accounting Request [Start/Event] + Note right of CDF: Open/Create an AS + CDF->>AS (FA): 9. Accounting Answer + AS (FA)->>S-CSCF: 10. CANCEL + S-CSCF->>UE-B: 10. CANCEL + Note over S-CSCF, AS (FA), CDF, UE-B, UE-C: More SIP signalling + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of FA service - Answered. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (FA), CDF, UE-B, UE-C. The diagram shows the flow of SIP messages and accounting requests between these entities. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.14.1-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of FA service - Answered** + +UE-B and UE-C are FA group members of the FA group identified by the “Pilot Identity”. + +A communication is requested from UE-A towards the “Pilot Identity”. + +- 1) INVITE request incoming for “Pilot Identity”. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC), indicating the request must be forwarded to an AS implementing FA for this “Pilot Identity”. + +- 2) The AS implementing FA maps the Pilot Identity to the list of FA group members: UE-B and UE-C, and forwards INVITE to all FA members. +- 3 to 4) INVITE forwarded towards UE-B and alerting phase signalling occurs with UE-A. +- 5 to 6) INVITE forwarded towards UE-C and alerting phase signalling occurs with UE-A. +- 7) UE-C answers. +- 8 to 10) Upon reception of the 200 OK answer from UE-C, AS implementing the FA service: + - Sends an Accounting-Request [Start] with FA MMTel supplementary service indication. The CDF creates an AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer to the AS. + - Sends CANCEL to other FA group member being alerted, UE-B. + +###### 5.2.2.1.14.2 Flexible Alerting (FA) – call release + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server, implementing the FA service and CDF, when previous successfully established call is released. + +![Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of FA service - Release. The diagram shows five vertical lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (FA), CDF, and UE-C. 1. UE-C sends BYE to S-CSCF. 2. S-CSCF forwards BYE to AS (FA). 3. AS (FA) sends Accounting Request [Stop] to CDF. 4. AS (FA) sends BYE back to S-CSCF. 5. S-CSCF sends BYE to UE-A. 6. CDF performs 'Close the AS CDR' and sends Accounting Answer to AS (FA). 7. UE-A sends 200 OK to S-CSCF. 8. S-CSCF sends 200 OK to AS (FA). 9. AS (FA) sends 200 OK to S-CSCF. 10. S-CSCF sends 200 OK to UE-C.](0f26e70157bd4c45f825795cdcd20fbd_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE-A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS (FA) + participant CDF + participant UE-C + + UE-C->>S-CSCF: 1.BYE + S-CSCF->>AS (FA): 1.BYE + AS (FA)->>CDF: 2. Accounting Request [Stop] + AS (FA)->>S-CSCF: 1.BYE + S-CSCF->>UE-A: 1.BYE + Note over CDF: Close the AS CDR + CDF->>AS (FA): 3. Accounting Answer + UE-A->>S-CSCF: 200 OK + S-CSCF->>AS (FA): 200 OK + AS (FA)->>S-CSCF: 200 OK + S-CSCF->>UE-C: 200 OK + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of FA service - Release. The diagram shows five vertical lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (FA), CDF, and UE-C. 1. UE-C sends BYE to S-CSCF. 2. S-CSCF forwards BYE to AS (FA). 3. AS (FA) sends Accounting Request [Stop] to CDF. 4. AS (FA) sends BYE back to S-CSCF. 5. S-CSCF sends BYE to UE-A. 6. CDF performs 'Close the AS CDR' and sends Accounting Answer to AS (FA). 7. UE-A sends 200 OK to S-CSCF. 8. S-CSCF sends 200 OK to AS (FA). 9. AS (FA) sends 200 OK to S-CSCF. 10. S-CSCF sends 200 OK to UE-C. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.14.2-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of FA service - Release** + +- 1) UE-C initiates release of the communication +- 2 to 3) At session termination the AS implementing the FA service, sends an Accounting-Request [Stop] and the AS CDR is closed. + +##### 5.2.2.1.15 Malicious Communication Identification (MCID) + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the MCID service and CDF for a successful MCID delivery for permanent mode or temporary mode. + +![Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of MCID service. The diagram shows interactions between S-CSCF, AS, CDF, and UE B. The process starts with an INVITE to S-CSCF, followed by IFC for B, then INVITE to AS. AS performs temporary storing of MCID data and sends an Accounting Request [Event] to CDF, which creates an AS CDR. AS then sends Accounting Answer to CDF, and INVITE to UE B. UE B responds with 200 OK, which is passed back through AS and S-CSCF. After SIP signalling, a re-INVITE is sent from UE B to S-CSCF, then to AS. AS performs storing of MCID data and sends an Accounting Request [Event/interim] to CDF, which creates/updates an AS CDR. AS sends Accounting Answer to CDF.](8d66c9c295023a1380f9986d3663bb1e_img.jpg) + +Terminating UE-B Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + participant UE B + + Note over S-CSCF: 1.INVITE + Note right of S-CSCF: iFC for B + S-CSCF->>AS: 1.INVITE + Note over AS: 2. Temporary Storing +data for MCID + AS->>S-CSCF: 1.INVITE + AS-->>CDF: 3. Accounting Request [Event] + Note right of CDF: Create an AS CDR + CDF-->>AS: 4. Accounting Answer + AS->>UE B: 1.INVITE + UE B->>AS: 5. 200 OK + AS->>S-CSCF: 5. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>AS: 5. 200 OK + Note over S-CSCF: 5. 200 OK + rect rgb(255, 255, 255) + Note over S-CSCF, UE B: 6. SIP signalling + end + UE B->>S-CSCF: 7. re-INVITE + S-CSCF->>AS: 7. re-INVITE + Note over AS: 8. Storing data +for MCID + AS-->>CDF: 9. Accounting Request [Event/interim] + Note right of CDF: Create/Update AS CDR + CDF-->>AS: 10. Accounting Answer + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of MCID service. The diagram shows interactions between S-CSCF, AS, CDF, and UE B. The process starts with an INVITE to S-CSCF, followed by IFC for B, then INVITE to AS. AS performs temporary storing of MCID data and sends an Accounting Request [Event] to CDF, which creates an AS CDR. AS then sends Accounting Answer to CDF, and INVITE to UE B. UE B responds with 200 OK, which is passed back through AS and S-CSCF. After SIP signalling, a re-INVITE is sent from UE B to S-CSCF, then to AS. AS performs storing of MCID data and sends an Accounting Request [Event/interim] to CDF, which creates/updates an AS CDR. AS sends Accounting Answer to CDF. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.15-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of MCID service** + +A communication is requested towards User B, and User B is subscribed to MCID service. + +- 1) INVITE request incoming for User B. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User B is subscribed to the MCID supplementary services, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing MCID. +- 2-4) In case of MCID temporary mode, AS stores relevant data temporarily, in case permanent mode AS registers the data and sends *Accounting-Request [Event]* to record invocation of MCID, acknowledged by the CDF when AS CDR is created. Then INVITE is forwarded to User B. +- 5) 200 OK answer received from User B. +- 6) Further SIP signalling for communication establishment, or mid-communication take place, before BYE from User-B. + +- 7-10) Upon reception of re-INVITE from User-B, indicating temporary MCID request, AS registers the data previously stored and sends *Accounting-Request* [Event/interim] message to CDF to record invocation of MCID, the CDF creates/updates AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer. + +##### 5.2.2.1.16 Customized Alerting Tone (CAT) + +Although CAT Supplementary services may be delivered according to different models (CAT forking, CAT early session, CAT Gateway) as described in TS 24.182 [217], only one scenario is depicted here, and serves as a basis for CAT charging description, as the same principle applies. + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the CAT service and CDF for a successful communication establishment with CAT delivery. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CAT service delivery. Lifelines: UE A, S-CSCF, AS, CDF, UE B. The diagram shows the flow of SIP messages (INVITE, 180 Ringing, 183 session progress, PRACK, OK) and internal actions (Reserve CAT resources, Start CAT media, Stop CAT media, Accounting Request, Open/Create an AS CDR, Accounting Answer).](187d05bf7ead21e1394b61320d8b3632_img.jpg) + +Terminating UE-B Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + participant UE B + + Note right of S-CSCF: iFC for B + + UE A->>S-CSCF: 1.INVITE + S-CSCF->>AS: 1.INVITE + Note right of AS: 2. Reserve CAT resources + AS->>S-CSCF: 1.INVITE + S-CSCF->>UE B: 1.INVITE + UE B->>AS: 3. 180 Ringing + AS->>S-CSCF: 3. 180 Ringing + S-CSCF->>AS: 4. 183 (session progress) + AS->>UE A: 4. 183 (session progress) + UE A->>S-CSCF: 5. PRACK + S-CSCF->>AS: 5. PRACK + Note right of AS: 6. Start CAT media + AS->>S-CSCF: 7.200 (PRACK) + S-CSCF->>UE A: 7.200 (PRACK) + UE B->>CDF: 8.200 OK + CDF->>AS: 8.200 OK + AS->>S-CSCF: 8.200 OK + Note right of AS: 9. Stop CAT media + AS->>CDF: 10. Accounting Request [Start/Event] + Note right of CDF: Open/Create an AS CDR + CDF->>AS: 11. Accounting Answer + Note bottom: More SIP signalling + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CAT service delivery. Lifelines: UE A, S-CSCF, AS, CDF, UE B. The diagram shows the flow of SIP messages (INVITE, 180 Ringing, 183 session progress, PRACK, OK) and internal actions (Reserve CAT resources, Start CAT media, Stop CAT media, Accounting Request, Open/Create an AS CDR, Accounting Answer). + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.16-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CAT service delivery** + +A communication is requested towards User B, user B has subscribed to CAT service. + +- 1) INVITE request incoming for User B. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User B is subscribed to the CAT supplementary service, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing CAT. +- 2) The AS proceeds to CAT resources reservation and forwards INVITE towards User B.. +- 3) 180 ringing is sent back from User B. + +- 4) The AS sends a reliable 183 (session progress) response to User A with codecs to be used for CAT., acknowledged by PRACK from User A. +- 5 to 7) Upon acknowledgment from User A (PRACK), the AS starts CAT media playing (alerting tone), and sends 200 response to PRACK towards User A. + - 8 to 11) Upon 200 OK answer received from User B, AS stops CAT media playing (alerting tone), and sends an *Accounting-Request* [Start/Event] message to CDF, CDF opens/creates an AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer. + +NOTE: The same following principle applies for all others CAT delivery scenariis : an *Accounting-Request* [START] is sent from AS to record beginning of alerting tone playing, and *Accounting-Request* [STOP] is sent to record end of alerting tone playing . + +##### 5.2.2.1.17 Closed User Group (CUG) + +###### 5.2.2.1.17.1 Closed User Group (CUG): Originating + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the CUG service and CDF for a successful originating communication from User-A CUG member. + +![Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CUG service - originating call. The diagram shows interactions between UE A, S-CSCF, AS, and CDF. UE A sends an INVITE to S-CSCF. S-CSCF applies iFC for A and sends INVITE to AS. AS checks CUG validity and sends INVITE with CUG info to S-CSCF and CDF. S-CSCF performs SIP signalling with UE A. AS sends 200 OK to S-CSCF, which forwards it to UE A. AS also sends Accounting Request [Start/Event] to CDF, which opens/creates AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer to AS.](58bbc570572758132ea39938e4f03b5b_img.jpg) + +Originating UE-A Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + + Note over UE A, S-CSCF, AS, CDF: Originating UE-A Home Network + + UE A->>S-CSCF: 1.INVITE (User B) + S-CSCF->>S-CSCF: iFC for A + S-CSCF->>AS: 1.INVITE + AS->>AS: 2. Check on request validity regarding CUG + AS->>S-CSCF: 1.INVITE (User B, CUG information) + AS->>CDF: 1.INVITE (User B, CUG information) + Note over UE A, S-CSCF: 3. SIP signalling + AS->>S-CSCF: 4. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>UE A: 4. 200 OK + AS->>CDF: 5. Accounting Request [Start/Event] + Note over CDF: Open/Create AS CDR + CDF->>AS: 6. Accounting Answer + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CUG service - originating call. The diagram shows interactions between UE A, S-CSCF, AS, and CDF. UE A sends an INVITE to S-CSCF. S-CSCF applies iFC for A and sends INVITE to AS. AS checks CUG validity and sends INVITE with CUG info to S-CSCF and CDF. S-CSCF performs SIP signalling with UE A. AS sends 200 OK to S-CSCF, which forwards it to UE A. AS also sends Accounting Request [Start/Event] to CDF, which opens/creates AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer to AS. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.17.1-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CUG service - originating call** + +User-A is subscribed to CUG service. and initiates a communication towards User B. + +- 1) User-A initiates a communication towards User B sending INVITE request. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User A is subscribed to the CUG supplementary service, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing CUG. + +- 2) AS performs checks from the request received regarding User A CUG subscription profile, and determines the CUG-communication is allowed for CUG member User-A towards User-B : AS forwards INVITE towards User-B with CUG information included. + +NOTE: In case the result from AS checks indicates non-CUG communication behaviour (for CUG communication with outgoing access...), CUG information is not included, and non-CUG communication charging applies. + +- 3) SIP signalling for communication establishment. + +- 4-6) 200 OK answer received from User B, and AS sends *Accounting-Request [Start/Event]* message to CDF to record start of the CUG-communication for User A CUG member. The CDF opens/creates an AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer. + +###### 5.2.2.1.17.2 Closed User Group (CUG): Terminating + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the CUG service and CDF for a successful terminating communication towards User-B CUG member. + +![Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CUG service - terminating call. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE and 200 OK messages between S-CSCF, AS, CDF, and UE B, including CUG validation and accounting requests.](42e18c25bfd455a5a57f207bacfcb970_img.jpg) + +Terminating UE-B Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant CDF + participant UE B + + Note left of S-CSCF: 1.INVITE (User B, CUG Information) + S-CSCF->>S-CSCF: iFC for B + S-CSCF->>AS: 1.INVITE (User B, CUG Information) + Note right of AS: 2. Check on request validity regarding CUG + AS->>S-CSCF: 1.INVITE + S-CSCF->>UE B: 1.INVITE (User B) + Note over S-CSCF, UE B: 3. SIP signalling + UE B->>S-CSCF: 4. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>AS: 4. 200 OK + AS->>CDF: 5. Accounting Request [Start/Event] + Note right of CDF: Open/Create AS CDR + CDF->>AS: 6. Accounting Answer + AS->>S-CSCF: 4. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>Note left of S-CSCF: 4. 200 OK + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CUG service - terminating call. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE and 200 OK messages between S-CSCF, AS, CDF, and UE B, including CUG validation and accounting requests. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.17.2-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CUG service - terminating call** + +User-B is subscribed to CUG service. + +- 1) incoming INVITE request towards User-B. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User B is subscribed to the CUG supplementary services, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing CUG. + +- 2) AS performs checks from the request received regarding User B CUG subscription profile, and determines the CUG-communication is allowed for CUG member User-B from User A: AS forwards INVITE towards User-B. + +Note: In case the result from AS checks indicates non-CUG communication behaviour (incoming access from non-CUG member...), non-CUG communication charging applies. + +- 3) SIP signalling for communication establishment. + +- 4-6) 200 OK answer received from User B, and AS sends *Accounting-Request [Start/Event]* message to CDF to record start of the CUG-communication for User B CUG member. The CDF opens/creates an AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer. + +##### 5.2.2.1.18 Personal Network Management + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the “Personal Network Management” service and CDF for a successful “PN UE redirection” for a terminating communication, as described in TS 23.259 [218]. + +![Sequence diagram showing Diameter transactions for Personal Network Management (PN UE redirection) within the User-B Home Network. Lifelines: S-CSCF-1, S-CSCF-2, PNM AS, and CDF. The process involves an initial INVITE to UE-1, a redirection to UE-2 by PNM AS, subsequent INVITEs to UE-2, and finally an Accounting Request/Answer cycle between PNM AS and CDF.](9e4f582a5d5f6742d1372956db0f8f0b_img.jpg) + +User-B Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant S-CSCF-1 + participant S-CSCF-2 + participant PNM AS + participant CDF + + Note right of S-CSCF-1: iFC for UE-1(B) + Note right of S-CSCF-2: iFC for UE-2(B) + + External->>S-CSCF-1: 1. INVITE UE-1 + S-CSCF-1->>PNM AS: 1. INVITE UE-1 + PNM AS->>S-CSCF-2: PNM redirection: active UE is UE-2 + S-CSCF-2->>PNM AS: 2. INVITE UE-2 + PNM AS->>CDF: 2. INVITE UE-2 + CDF->>PNM AS: 5. 200 OK + PNM AS->>S-CSCF-2: 5. 200 OK + S-CSCF-2->>External: 5. 200 OK + PNM AS->>CDF: 6. Accounting Request [Start/Event] + Note right of CDF: Open/Create an AS + CDF->>PNM AS: 7. Accounting Answer + PNM AS->>S-CSCF-2: 5. 200 OK + S-CSCF-2->>External: 5. 200 OK + + Note left of S-CSCF-1: More SIP signalling + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing Diameter transactions for Personal Network Management (PN UE redirection) within the User-B Home Network. Lifelines: S-CSCF-1, S-CSCF-2, PNM AS, and CDF. The process involves an initial INVITE to UE-1, a redirection to UE-2 by PNM AS, subsequent INVITEs to UE-2, and finally an Accounting Request/Answer cycle between PNM AS and CDF. + +###### **Figure 5.2.2.1.18-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of “PNM-redirection” service.** + +- 1) Incoming INVITE request for UE-1 of User B. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, for UE-1, the communication is forwarded to the AS implementing PNM. From PN-user's PN configuration, the PNM AS determines the initial request is to be redirected to the default UE of the PN, i.e. to the UE-2. +- 2) INVITE is forwarded towards UE-2. +- 3) Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, for UE-2, the communication is forwarded to the AS implementing PNM. +- 4) From PN-user's PN configuration, the PNM AS determines the initial request is to be sent to the default UE of the PN, i.e. to the UE-2. INVITE is forwarded towards UE-2. +- 5) The destination UE-2 party answers and a final response is received. +- 5) Upon reception of the final response, the AS implementing the PNM service sends an *Accounting-Request* with *Accounting-Record-Type* indicating [START\_RECORD/EVENT\_RECORD] to record “PN UE redirection” execution to CDF. +- 6) The CDF acknowledges the reception of the data and opens/creates an AS CDR. + +##### **5.2.2.1.19 Customized Ringing Signal (CRS)** + +Although CRS Supplementary services may be delivered according to different models (download and play model, DTMF...) as described in TS 24.183 [219], only one scenario is depicted here, and serves as a basis for CRS charging description, as the same principle applies. + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the CRS service and CDF for a successful communication establishment with CRS delivery. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of 'CRS' service delivery. Lifelines: UE A, S-, AS, C, UE B. The diagram shows the flow of messages from UE A to UE B, with AS handling CRS resource reservation and accounting.](2cf3896394a2342a2b46c504ab9a8830_img.jpg) + +Terminating UE-B Home + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE A + participant S- + participant AS + participant C + participant UE B + + Note right of S-: iFC for B + UE A->>S-: 1. INVITE + S->>AS: 1. INVITE + AS->>C: 1. INVITE + C->>UE B: 1. INVITE + UE B->>C: 2. 180 Ringing + C->>AS: 2. 180 Ringing + AS->>S-: 2. 180 Ringing + S->>UE A: 2. 180 Ringing + UE A->>S-: 3. PRACK + S->>AS: 3. PRACK + Note right of AS: 4. Reserve CRS resource + AS->>C: 3. PRACK + C->>UE B: 5.200 (PRACK) + UE B->>C: 5.200 (PRACK) + C->>AS: 5.200 (PRACK) + AS->>S-: 5.200 (PRACK) + S->>UE A: 5.200 (PRACK) + Note right of AS: 6. Start CRS media + AS->>C: 7.200 OK + C->>UE B: 7.200 OK + UE B->>C: 7.200 OK + C->>AS: 7.200 OK + AS->>S-: 7.200 OK + S->>UE A: 7.200 OK + Note right of AS: 8. Stop CRS media + AS->>C: 9. Accounting Request [Start/Event] + Note right of C: Open/Create an AS CDR + C->>AS: 10. Accounting Answer + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of 'CRS' service delivery. Lifelines: UE A, S-, AS, C, UE B. The diagram shows the flow of messages from UE A to UE B, with AS handling CRS resource reservation and accounting. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1.19-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of “CRS” service delivery.** + +A communication is requested towards User B, user B has subscribed to CRS service. + +- 1) INVITE request incoming for User B. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User B is subscribed to the CRS supplementary service, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing CRS. The INVITE is forwarded towards User B. +- 2) 180 ringing is sent back from User B. +- 3 to 4) Upon acknowledgment from User A (PRACK), the AS reserves CRS media, and forwards PRACK towards User B. +- 5-6) Upon 200 OK(PRACK acknowledgment) from User B, the AS starts CRS media playing, and forwards 200 OK towards User A. + +7-10) Upon 200 OK answer received from User B, the AS stops CRS media playing, and sends an Accounting-Request [Start/Event] message to CDF, CDF opens/creates an AS CDR and returns Accounting Answer. The AS forwards 200 OK towards User A. + +NOTE: The same following principle applies for all others CRS delivery scenarii: an *Accounting-Request* [Start/Event] is sent from AS to record CRS service delivery. + +##### 5.2.2.1.20 Advice of Charge (AoC) + +The information flows showing the transactions between Application Server implementing the AoC service and CDF for AoC-S, AoC-D and AoC-E are described in TS 32.280 [21]. + +### 5.2.3 GTP' record transfer flows + +As in IMS offline charging, GTP' is not used between CDF and CGF for MMTel offline charging, because CDF and CGF are combined into CCF (see clause 4.2). + +NOTE: Vendors may nevertheless implement a separate CDF and CGF for MMTel offline charging. In this case, it is recommended that the approach chosen conforms to the principles and protocol applications specified in TS 32.295 [54]. + +### 5.2.4 Bi CDR file transfer + +For further details on the Bi protocol application refer to 3GPP TS 32.297 [52]. + +## 5.3 MMTel online charging scenarios + +### 5.3.1 Basic principles + +Online charging of MMTel services is done according to the general principles of Diameter Credit-Control Applications (DCCA) as specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +The CTFs implementing the MMTel online charging functionality may apply: + +- Immediate Event Charging (IEC) with CCR [event] generated, or +- Event Charging with Unit Reservation (ECUR), or Session Charging with Unit Reservation (SCUR), both with CCR [Initial or Termination] generated. + +The circumstances on which IEC, ECUR or SCUR are applied, depend on the MMTel supplementary service and/or operator's policy. Further details are specified in clause 5.3.2. + +### 5.3.2 Diameter message flows + +The flows described in the present document specify the charging communications between the different CTF entities and the charging functions for different online charging scenarios. The SIP messages and Diameter transactions associated with these online charging scenarios are shown primarily for general information and to illustrate the charging triggers. They are not intended to be exhaustive of all the SIP message flows discussed in TS 24.228 [200] and they depend on the Diameter Credit Control Request triggers configured by the operator. + +Each MMTel supplementary service is described by specific flows illustrating the dedicated trigger(s) for this MMTel supplementary service. + +Following message flows are defined in TS 32.260 [20], and can be re-used for charging the basic multimedia telephony capabilities: + +- Successful Session Establishment +- Successful Session Establishment with Early Media Negotiation +- Mid-Session Procedures + +- Session Release + +#### 5.3.2.1 Message Flows - Successful Cases and Scenarios + +##### 5.3.2.1.0 Interaction with IMS-GWF + +As an MMTel principle, when Online Charging has to be applied for an MMTel supplementary service, and the trigger list includes IMS-GWF together with MMTel AS (implementing the MMTel supplementary service), filter criteria should be configured to have the MMTel AS triggered before IMS-GWF, in order to prevent improper charging. + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between MMTel AS, IMS-GWF and OCS, when online charging is applied for MMTel supplementary service. + +![Sequence diagram showing message flows between IUE A, S-, IMS-, AS, and OCS for online charging. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE, iFC, CCR, and CCA messages between these entities.](39536a630fa74c3bcfd1670ee2152809_img.jpg) + +Originating UE-A Home + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant IUE A + participant S- + participant IMS- + participant AS + participant OCS + + Note right of S-: iFC for A + + IUE A->>S-: 1. INVITE + S->>AS: 1. INVITE + AS->>OCS: 2. CCR (initial, service = X, ICID, RSU) + OCS->>AS: 3. CCA (initial, GSU) + Note right of OCS: Reserve units for MMTel serv. + AS->>IMS-: 1. INVITE + IMS->>S-: 4. CCR (initial, ICID, RSU) + OCS->>IMS-: 6. CCA (Initial, CC_not_applicable / GSU) + Note right of OCS: 5. Reserve units for session towards User B (same ICID). + S->>IMS-: 1. INVITE + IMS->>AS: 1. INVITE + AS->>OCS: 1. INVITE + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing message flows between IUE A, S-, IMS-, AS, and OCS for online charging. The diagram shows the flow of INVITE, iFC, CCR, and CCA messages between these entities. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.0-1: Message Sequence Chart for Online charging – IMS-GWF, MMTel AS and OCS** + +- 1) User-A initiates a session by sending INVITE request. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User A is subscribed to the MMTel supplementary service X, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing this service. +- 2-3) As “online charging” is activated for User A, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service X, ICID.) to the OCS for requesting units for the X supplementary service. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. The AS forwards INVITE via the S-CSCF. +- 4) As “online charging” is activated for User A, IMS-GWF is triggered by the S-CSCF, and IMS-GWF sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, ICID.) to the OCS for requesting units for the session identified by ICID. +- 5-6) The OCS detects this request is within a session for which there is already an ongoing online credit control Diameter session (same ICID). Based on operator policy the OCS can use either Credit\_Control\_not\_applicable to supersede online charging in S-CSCF or grant appropriate service units (GSU). + +##### 5.3.2.1.1 Communications Diversion (CDIV) + +###### 5.3.2.1.1.1 Communications Diversion (CDIV) – successful establishment + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the CDIV service and OCS, when online charging is applied to a successful CFU communication. + +![Message Sequence Chart for online charging of CDIV service establishment. It shows the flow between S-CSCF (S-), Application Server (AS), and Online Charging System (OCS) within the UE-B Home Network. 1. INVITE arrives at S-. S- sends iFC for B to AS. AS detects CFU for user B. 2. AS sends CCR (initial, service = CDIV, RSU) to OCS. OCS reserves units for CDIV session. 3. OCS sends CCA (initial, GSU) to AS. 4. AS sends INVITE (user C) back to S- and then towards user C. 5. 200 OK is received from user C via S-. 6. AS sends CCR (update, USU) to OCS. OCS grants new units. 7. OCS sends CCA (update, GSU) to AS. Finally, AS propagates the 200 OK to S-.](4842f073775fb1e84d101c02fd74e59e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant S- as S- + participant AS as AS + participant OCS as OCS + Note over S-, OCS: UE-B Home Network + ->>S-: 1. INVITE + S->>AS: iFC for B + Note right of S-: 1. INVITE + Note right of AS: CFU for user B + AS->>OCS: 2. CCR (initial, service = CDIV, RSU) + Note right of OCS: Reserve units CDIV +session for user B + OCS->>AS: 3. CCA (initial, GSU) + AS->>S-: 4. INVITE (user C) + S->> : 4. INVITE (user C) + ->>S-: 5. 200 OK + S->>AS: 5. 200 OK + AS->>OCS: 6. CCR (update, USU) + Note right of OCS: new Units + OCS->>AS: 7. CCA (update, GSU) + AS->>S-: 5. 200 OK + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for online charging of CDIV service establishment. It shows the flow between S-CSCF (S-), Application Server (AS), and Online Charging System (OCS) within the UE-B Home Network. 1. INVITE arrives at S-. S- sends iFC for B to AS. AS detects CFU for user B. 2. AS sends CCR (initial, service = CDIV, RSU) to OCS. OCS reserves units for CDIV session. 3. OCS sends CCA (initial, GSU) to AS. 4. AS sends INVITE (user C) back to S- and then towards user C. 5. 200 OK is received from user C via S-. 6. AS sends CCR (update, USU) to OCS. OCS grants new units. 7. OCS sends CCA (update, GSU) to AS. Finally, AS propagates the 200 OK to S-. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.1.1-1 : Message Sequence Chart for online charging of CDIV service - establishment** + +A communication is requested towards User B: CFU and online-based charging activated for user B. + +- 1) INVITE request incoming for User B. Based on the iFC, indicating that User B is subscribed to the CDIV supplementary service, the communication is forwarded to AS implementing CDIV, where CFU is detected. +- 2) As the subscriber is “online charging”, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service CDIV, ICID..) to the OCS for requesting units for the CDIV (CFU) supplementary service. +- 3) The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. +- 4) The CDIV (CFU) can now be delivered: an Invite is sent towards user C via the S-CSCF. +- 5-6) On answer from User-C (200 OK), the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units and requests new units to continue. +- 7) New units are granted via Credit-Control-Answer and the 200 OK is propagated. + +###### 5.3.2.1.1.2 Communications Diversion (CDIV) – release + +The next figure shows the Diameter transactions occurring on release of the previous established communication, initiated by user C: + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CDIV service -release](848073118eebfdbfdb9a60e3923fe0b3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant S as S- + participant AS as AS + participant OCS as OCS + Note over S, OCS: UE-B Home Network + Note right of OCS: 1. BYE (User C) + OCS->>AS: + AS->>S: 1. BYE + AS->>OCS: 2. CCR (terminate, service = CDIV, USU) + Note right of OCS: End Credit Control + OCS->>AS: 3. CCA (terminate) + AS->>S: 1. BYE + S->>AS: 4. 200 OK + AS->>OCS: 4. 200 OK + AS->>S: 4. 200 OK + OCS->>AS: 4. 200 OK + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of CDIV service -release + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.1.2-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of CDIV service -release** + +- 1) User C initiates release of the communication +- 2) At session termination the AS implementing the CDIV service, sends a Credit-Control-Request (TERMINATION\_REQUEST, used service units) for ending credit control. + +##### 5.3.2.1.2 Flexible Alerting (FA) + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the FA service and OCS, when online charging is applied to a successful FA communication. + +![Sequence diagram for online charging of FA service. Lifelines: S-, AS, OCS, UE B, UE C. The diagram shows the interaction between these entities for charging purposes. It includes steps for INVITE, CCR, CCA, and SIP signaling. A callout box indicates that UE-B and UE-C are members of the 'Pilot Identity' FA group. Another callout box indicates that units are reserved for FA towards user B and user C. The diagram is divided into sections for User B and User C, with a parallel scenario for User C.](65e8c0628536d6d4245e9ab46ba070c3_img.jpg) + +"Pilot Identity" Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant S- as S- + participant AS as AS + participant OCS as OCS + participant UEB as UE B + participant UEC as UE C + + Note over S-: 1. INVITE (Pilot Identity) + S- ->> AS: 1. INVITE (Pilot Identity) + Note over AS: iFC + Note over AS: 2. UE-B and UE-C +members of FA group +"Pilot Identity" + + rect rgb(230, 230, 230) + AS ->> OCS: 3. CCR (initial, service = FA, ICID-B, RSU) + Note over OCS: Reserve units for FA +towards user B and +user C + OCS ->> AS: 4. CCA (initial, GSU) + AS ->> S-: 5. INVITE (UE-B) + AS ->> UEB: 5. INVITE (UE-B) + end + + Note over S-, UEB: 6. SIP Signalling: alerting phase between UE-A, S-CSCF, AS and UE-B + Note over S-, UEC: 7. Parallel scenario from step 3 to step 6 towards User C + + UEC ->> AS: 8. 200 OK + Note right of UEC: UE-C answers + AS ->> S-: 8. 200 OK + AS ->> S-: 9. CANCEL (User B) + + Note over S-, UEC: 10. + + S- ->> AS: 11. 487 (Request Terminated) + AS ->> S-: 12. ACK + AS ->> OCS: 13. CCR (update, USU) + Note over OCS: New Units requested + OCS ->> AS: 14. CCA (update, GSU) + AS ->> S-: 15. 200 OK + Note left of S-: 15. 200 OK + +``` + +Sequence diagram for online charging of FA service. Lifelines: S-, AS, OCS, UE B, UE C. The diagram shows the interaction between these entities for charging purposes. It includes steps for INVITE, CCR, CCA, and SIP signaling. A callout box indicates that UE-B and UE-C are members of the 'Pilot Identity' FA group. Another callout box indicates that units are reserved for FA towards user B and user C. The diagram is divided into sections for User B and User C, with a parallel scenario for User C. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.2-1: Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of FA service** + +UE-B and UE-C are FA group members of the FA group identified by the "Pilot Identity". + +A communication is requested from UE-A towards the "Pilot Identity". + +- 1) INVITE request incoming for "Pilot Identity". Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC), indicating the request must be forwarded to an AS implementing FA for this "Pilot Identity". +- 2) As "online charging" is activated for the "Pilot Identity", the AS implementing FA has to initiate parallel Invite towards each of FA group members. + +- 3) For FA member User B, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service FA, ICID-B) to the OCS for requesting units for the FA supplementary service. +- 4) The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. +- 5) INVITE is sent towards User B via the S-CSCF. +- 6) Alerting phase signalling occurs with UE-A. +- 7) A parallel (from step 3 to step 6) scenario occurs towards User-C with session identified by ICID-C. +- 8-9) Upon reception of the 200 OK answer from UE-C, AS sends CANCEL to other FA group member being alerted (UE-B). +- 10) More signalling for CANCEL transactions +- 11-13) When the last CANCEL transaction is terminated, AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units, and requests new units to continue the communication between User A and User C. +- 14) New units are granted via Credit-Control-Answer +- 15) 200 OK is propagated towards User A. + +##### 5.3.2.1.3 Closed User Group (CUG) + +###### 5.3.2.1.3.1 Closed User Group (CUG): Originating + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the CUG service and OCS, when online charging is applied to a successful originating communication from User-A CUG member. + +![Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CUG service - originating call. The diagram shows interactions between IUE A, S-, AS, and OCS. It is divided into two main sections: 'Originating UE-A Home' and 'SIP signalling'. In the first section, IUE A sends an INVITE to S-, which triggers an iFC for A and then an INVITE to AS. AS checks the request, sends a CCR to OCS, receives a CCA, and then forwards the INVITE with CUG information to S- and then to IUE A. In the second section, AS sends a 200 OK to S-, which in turn sends a 200 OK to IUE A. AS also sends a CCR (update) to OCS, receives a CCA, and then sends another 200 OK to S-.](fd3cbb53e991f8209ba17b398f426e13_img.jpg) + +Originating UE-A Home + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant IUE A + participant S- + participant AS + participant OCS + + Note right of OCS: Originating UE-A Home + + IUE A->>S-: 1. INVITE (User B) + S->>AS: iFC for A + S->>AS: 1. INVITE + AS->>OCS: 3. CCR (initial, service = CUG, RSU) + Note right of OCS: Reserve units for CUG towards user B + OCS->>AS: 4. CCA (initial, GSU) + AS->>S-: 1. INVITE (User B, CUG information) + S->>IUE A: 1. INVITE (User B, CUG information) + + Note right of OCS: 5. SIP + AS->>S-: 6. 200 OK + S->>IUE A: 6. 200 OK + AS->>OCS: 7. CCR (update, USU) + Note right of OCS: New Units requested + OCS->>AS: 8. CCA (update, GSU) + AS->>S-: 6. 200 OK + + Note right of OCS: SIP signalling + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CUG service - originating call. The diagram shows interactions between IUE A, S-, AS, and OCS. It is divided into two main sections: 'Originating UE-A Home' and 'SIP signalling'. In the first section, IUE A sends an INVITE to S-, which triggers an iFC for A and then an INVITE to AS. AS checks the request, sends a CCR to OCS, receives a CCA, and then forwards the INVITE with CUG information to S- and then to IUE A. In the second section, AS sends a 200 OK to S-, which in turn sends a 200 OK to IUE A. AS also sends a CCR (update) to OCS, receives a CCA, and then sends another 200 OK to S-. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.3.1-1: Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CUG service - originating call** + +User-A is subscribed to CUG service, and initiates a communication towards User B. + +- 1) User-A initiates a communication towards User B sending INVITE request. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User A is subscribed to the CUG supplementary service, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing CUG. +- 2) AS performs checks from the request received regarding User A CUG subscription profile, and determines the CUG-communication is allowed for CUG member User-A towards User-B. +- 3-4) As “online charging” is activated for User A, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service CUG, ICID.) to the OCS for requesting units for the CUG supplementary service. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. The AS forwards INVITE via the S-CSCF towards User-B with CUG information included. + +NOTE: In case the result from AS checks indicates non-CUG communication behaviour (for CUG communication with outgoing access...), non-CUG communication charging applies, and CUG information is not included in the forwarded Invite. + +5) SIP signalling for communication establishment. + +6-8) 200 OK answer received from User B, and AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units, and requests new units to continue the CUG communication between User A and User B. New units are granted via Credit-Control-Answer, and 200 OK is propagated towards User A. + +###### 5.3.2.1.3.2 Closed User Group (CUG): Terminating + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the CUG service and OCS, when online charging is applied to a successful terminating communication towards User-B CUG member. + +![Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CUG service - terminating call. The diagram shows interactions between S-, AS, OCS, and UE B. The process starts with an INVITE (User B, CUG) from S- to AS. AS checks validity and sends a CCR (initial, service = CUG, RSU) to OCS. OCS reserves units and returns a CCA (initial, GSU) to AS. AS then forwards the INVITE (User B) to S-, which in turn forwards it to UE B. UE B returns a 200 OK to AS, which then sends a CCR (update, USU) to OCS. OCS requests new units and returns a CCA (update, GSU) to AS. AS finally forwards the 200 OK to S-.](a057800564be3506d2d87b6a4daee25b_img.jpg) + +Terminating UE-B Home + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant S- + participant AS + participant OCS + participant UE B + + Note left of S-: 1. INVITE (User B, CUG) + S->>AS: 1. INVITE (User B, CUG) + Note right of AS: 2. Check on request validity regarding CUG + AS->>OCS: 3. CCR (initial, service = CUG, RSU) + Note right of OCS: Reserve units for incoming CUG for user B + OCS->>AS: 4. CCA (initial, GSU) + AS->>S-: 1. INVITE (User B) + S->>UE B: 1. INVITE (User B) + Note right of UE B: 5. SIP + UE B->>AS: 6. 200 OK + AS->>OCS: 7. CCR (update, USU) + Note right of OCS: New Units requested + OCS->>AS: 8. CCA (update, GSU) + AS->>S-: 6. 200 OK + Note right of S-: SIP signalling + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CUG service - terminating call. The diagram shows interactions between S-, AS, OCS, and UE B. The process starts with an INVITE (User B, CUG) from S- to AS. AS checks validity and sends a CCR (initial, service = CUG, RSU) to OCS. OCS reserves units and returns a CCA (initial, GSU) to AS. AS then forwards the INVITE (User B) to S-, which in turn forwards it to UE B. UE B returns a 200 OK to AS, which then sends a CCR (update, USU) to OCS. OCS requests new units and returns a CCA (update, GSU) to AS. AS finally forwards the 200 OK to S-. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.3.2-1: Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CUG service - terminating call** + +User-B is subscribed to CUG service. + +- 1) Incoming INVITE request with CUG information towards User-B. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User B is subscribed to the CUG supplementary services, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing CUG. +- 2) AS performs checks from the request received regarding User B CUG subscription profile, and determines the CUG-communication is allowed for CUG member User-B from User A. +- 3-4) As “online charging” is activated for User B, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service CUG, ICID.) to the OCS for requesting units for the CUG supplementary service. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. The AS forwards INVITE via the S-CSCF towards User-B. + +NOTE: In case the result from AS checks indicates non-CUG communication behaviour (incoming access from non-CUG member...), non-CUG communication charging applies. + +5) SIP signalling for communication establishment. + +- 6-8) 200 OK answer received from User B, and AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units, and requests new units to continue the CUG communication between User B and User A. New units are granted via Credit-Control-Answer, and 200 OK is propagated towards User A. + +##### 5.3.2.1.4 Conference (CONF) + +The following figures show the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the CONF service and OCS, when online charging is applied to different conference scenarios. + +For CONF service, two different set of scenarios are provided for illustrating the situation where ECUR or SCUR apply, depending on operator's policy. + +###### 5.3.2.1.4.1 CONF – user creating a conference - ECUR mode + +![Sequence diagram for online charging of CONF service - User creating a conference - ECUR mode. The diagram shows interactions between UE A, S-CSCF, AS, and OCS. UE A sends an INVITE to S-CSCF, which is processed through an iFC for A and then forwarded to AS. AS allocates a conference resource and sends a CCR (initial) to OCS. OCS reserves units and returns a CCA (initial). A media resource negotiation process occurs. AS sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which is then sent to UE A. UE A sends an ACK to S-CSCF, which is then sent to AS. AS sends a CCR (terminate) to OCS. OCS ends credit control and returns a CCA (terminate) to AS.](74b540f71bcf10a8a66b2f01ea8c08ec_img.jpg) + +Originating UE-A Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant OCS + Note right of AS: Originating UE-A Home Network + UE A->>S-CSCF: 1. INVITE (conference factory URI) + S-CSCF->>S-CSCF: iFC for A + S-CSCF->>AS: 1. INVITE + AS->>AS: 2. Allocate Conference resource + AS->>OCS: 3. CCR (initial, service = CONF, RSU) + OCS->>OCS: Reserve units for CONF creation + OCS->>AS: 4. CCA (initial, GSU) + Note over UE A, AS: 5. Media resource negotiation process. + AS->>S-CSCF: 6. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>UE A: 6. 200 OK + UE A->>S-CSCF: 7. ACK + S-CSCF->>AS: 7. ACK + AS->>OCS: 8. CCR (terminate, USU) + OCS->>OCS: End credit control + OCS->>AS: 9. CCA (terminate) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for online charging of CONF service - User creating a conference - ECUR mode. The diagram shows interactions between UE A, S-CSCF, AS, and OCS. UE A sends an INVITE to S-CSCF, which is processed through an iFC for A and then forwarded to AS. AS allocates a conference resource and sends a CCR (initial) to OCS. OCS reserves units and returns a CCA (initial). A media resource negotiation process occurs. AS sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which is then sent to UE A. UE A sends an ACK to S-CSCF, which is then sent to AS. AS sends a CCR (terminate) to OCS. OCS ends credit control and returns a CCA (terminate) to AS. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.4.1-1: Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User creating a conference - ECUR mode** + +- 1). User-A initiates a conference by sending an INVITE request to S-CSCF. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User A is subscribed to the CONF supplementary service, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing CONF. +- 2). The CONF AS allocates the conference resource. +- 3-4) As “online charging” is activated, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service CONF, creation) to the OCS for requesting units for the CONF supplementary service creation. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. +- 5) Media resource negotiation process. +- 6-7) The AS (CONF) sends a 200 OK response replied by ACK from UE-A. +- 8-9) On successful service delivery, AS (CONF) sends Credit-Control-Request (TERMINATION\_REQUEST, USU) for ending credit control, with granted units used for CONF creation. + +###### 5.3.2.1.4.2 CONF – user creating a conference - SCUR mode + +![Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User creating a conference - SCUR mode. The diagram shows interactions between UE A, S-CSCF, AS, and OCS. UE A sends an INVITE to S-CSCF. S-CSCF uses iFC for A to forward the INVITE to AS. AS allocates a conference resource and sends a CCR (initial, service = CONF, RSU) to OCS. OCS reserves units and returns a CCA (initial, GSU). A media resource negotiation process occurs. AS sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which is then sent to UE A. UE A sends an ACK to S-CSCF, which is then sent to AS. AS sends a CCR (update, USU) to OCS. OCS returns new units requested and a CCA (update, GSU) to AS.](dfafe39c233a62ec8ebd71e42992c14d_img.jpg) + +Originating UE-A Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant OCS + Note right of AS: Originating UE-A Home Network + UE A->>S-CSCF: 1. INVITE (conference factory URI) + S-CSCF->>AS: 1. INVITE (iFC for A) + AS->>OCS: 2. Allocate Conference resource + AS->>OCS: 3. CCR (initial, service = CONF, RSU) + OCS->>AS: 4. CCA (initial, GSU) + Note right of AS: 5. Media resource negotiation process. + AS->>S-CSCF: 6. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>UE A: 6. 200 OK + UE A->>S-CSCF: 7. ACK + S-CSCF->>AS: 7. ACK + AS->>OCS: 8. CCR (update, USU) + OCS->>AS: 9. CCA (update, GSU) + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User creating a conference - SCUR mode. The diagram shows interactions between UE A, S-CSCF, AS, and OCS. UE A sends an INVITE to S-CSCF. S-CSCF uses iFC for A to forward the INVITE to AS. AS allocates a conference resource and sends a CCR (initial, service = CONF, RSU) to OCS. OCS reserves units and returns a CCA (initial, GSU). A media resource negotiation process occurs. AS sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which is then sent to UE A. UE A sends an ACK to S-CSCF, which is then sent to AS. AS sends a CCR (update, USU) to OCS. OCS returns new units requested and a CCA (update, GSU) to AS. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.4.2-1: Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User creating a conference - SCUR mode** + +- 1). User-A initiates a conference by sending an INVITE request to S-CSCF. Based on the Initial Filter Criteria (IFC) Rules, indicating that User A is subscribed to the CONF supplementary service, the communication is forwarded to an AS implementing CONF. +- 2). The CONF AS allocates the conference resource. +- 3-4) As “online charging” is activated, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service CONF, creation) to the OCS for requesting units for the CONF supplementary service creation. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. +- 5) Media resource negotiation process. +- 6-7) The AS (CONF) sends a 200 OK response replied by ACK from UE-A. +- 8-9) As CONF charging is based on duration or other CONF parameters, from start of the service on step 7), new units are subsequently requested by sending Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with already used units, for continuing the service when new CONF parameters or values are provided. + +###### 5.3.2.1.4.3 CONF – user joining a conference (SCUR mode) + +![Sequence diagram for CONF service - User joining a conference - SCUR mode. Lifelines: UE B, S-CSCF, AS, OCS. The process involves an INVITE from UE B to S-CSCF, forwarded to AS. A note indicates UE-B is to be added to a CONF created by UE-A. This is followed by a media resource negotiation process. The AS sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which is then sent to UE B. UE B sends an ACK to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. The AS then sends a CCR (update, USU) to the OCS. A note indicates new units are granted as a new participant joining CONF. The OCS sends a CCA (update, GSU) back to the AS.](343e05a9fd8a8c8743428fa4ae6e2736_img.jpg) + +Originating UE-B Home Network + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE B + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant OCS + Note right of AS: UE-B to be added to CONF created by UE-A + Note over UE B, S-CSCF, AS, OCS: 2. Media resource negotiation process. + Note right of OCS: New units as new participant joining CONF + + UE B->>S-CSCF: 1. INVITE (conference URI) + S-CSCF->>AS: 1. INVITE + AS->>S-CSCF: 3. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>UE B: 3. 200 OK + UE B->>S-CSCF: 4. ACK + S-CSCF->>AS: 4. ACK + AS->>OCS: 5. CCR (update, USU) + OCS->>AS: 6. CCA (update, GSU) +``` + +Sequence diagram for CONF service - User joining a conference - SCUR mode. Lifelines: UE B, S-CSCF, AS, OCS. The process involves an INVITE from UE B to S-CSCF, forwarded to AS. A note indicates UE-B is to be added to a CONF created by UE-A. This is followed by a media resource negotiation process. The AS sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which is then sent to UE B. UE B sends an ACK to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. The AS then sends a CCR (update, USU) to the OCS. A note indicates new units are granted as a new participant joining CONF. The OCS sends a CCA (update, GSU) back to the AS. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.4.3-1: Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User joining a conference - SCUR mode** + +- 1) The conference has already been created by User A. User-B sends an INVITE request to S-CSCF in order to join in the conference identified by the conference URI. The communication is forwarded to AS addressed by conference URI. +- 2) Media resource negotiation process for adding UE-B to the conference. +- 3-4) The AS (CONF) sends a 200 OK response replied by ACK from UE-B. +- 5-6) This step applies for SCUR mode, when “Nb of participants” is needed for the “online charging” running for this conference: the AS(CONF) sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units, for requesting new units with new number of participants. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. + +###### 5.3.2.1.4.4 CONF – user inviting another user to a conference (SCUR mode) + +![Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User inviting another user to a conference – SCUR mode. The diagram shows interactions between UE A, S-CSCF, AS, OCS, and UE B. UE A sends a REFER to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS responds with 202 Accepted, NOTIFY, and 200 OK. AS then sends an INVITE to UE B. A media negotiation phase follows, where UE B sends 200 OK and AS sends ACK. AS then sends a CCR (update, USU) to OCS, which responds with 'New Units requested' and CCA (update, GSU).](331afcb1534110b4c4f6ddf553a0f7e0_img.jpg) + +Originating UE-A Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE A + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant OCS + participant UE B + + Note over UE A, S-CSCF, AS: Originating UE-A Home Network + + UE A->>S-CSCF: 1. REFER (conference URI) + S-CSCF->>AS: 1. REFER + AS->>S-CSCF: 2. 202 Accepted + S-CSCF->>UE A: 2. 202 Accepted + AS->>S-CSCF: 3. NOTIFY + S-CSCF->>UE A: 3. NOTIFY + S-CSCF->>AS: 4. 200 OK + AS->>UE B: 5. INVITE + Note right of AS: 6. Media resources negotiation for adding UE-B + UE B->>OCS: 7. 200 OK + OCS->>AS: 8. ACK + AS->>OCS: 9. CCR (update, USU) + Note right of OCS: New Units requested + OCS->>AS: 10. CCA (update, GSU) + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User inviting another user to a conference – SCUR mode. The diagram shows interactions between UE A, S-CSCF, AS, OCS, and UE B. UE A sends a REFER to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS responds with 202 Accepted, NOTIFY, and 200 OK. AS then sends an INVITE to UE B. A media negotiation phase follows, where UE B sends 200 OK and AS sends ACK. AS then sends a CCR (update, USU) to OCS, which responds with 'New Units requested' and CCA (update, GSU). + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.4.4-1: Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User inviting another user to a conference – SCUR mode** + +- 1) The conference has already been created by User A. User A sends a REFER request to S-CSCF with the conference URI in order to invite User B into the conference. The communication is forwarded to the AS addressed by conference URI. +- 2-4) Sequence between UE-A and AS (CONF) to proceed the REFER (accept, NOTIFY...). +- 5) User B is invited to the Conference by INVITE from AS (CONF). +- 6) Media resource negotiation process for adding UE-B to the conference. +- 7-8) UE-B sends 200 OK response when he joins the conf, replied by ACK from AS (CONF). + +9-10) This step applies for SCUR mode, when “Nb of participants” is needed for the “online charging” running for this conference: the AS(CONF) sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units, for requesting new units with new number of participants. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. + +###### 5.3.2.1.4.5 CONF – user leaving a conference (SCUR mode) + +![Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User leaving a conference SCUR mode. The diagram shows the interaction between UE B, S-CSCF, AS, and OCS. UE B sends a BYE to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS sends a CCR (update/terminate, USU) to OCS. OCS responds with a CCA (update/terminate) GSU. AS sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to UE B. AS also sends a NOTIFY to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to UE B. UE B sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. A dashed box labeled '7. Notify other participants' is shown between AS and OCS.](9b9262a549828579ab904148450734f6_img.jpg) + +Originating UE-B Home Network + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE B + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + participant OCS + + UE B->>S-CSCF: 1. BYE + S-CSCF->>AS: 1. BYE + AS->>OCS: 2. CCR (update/terminate, USU) + Note over AS, OCS: New units as a participant leaving +CONF/ end credit control + OCS-->>AS: 3. CCA (update/terminate) GSU + AS->>S-CSCF: 4. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>UE B: 4. 200 OK + AS->>S-CSCF: 5. NOTIFY + S-CSCF->>UE B: 5. NOTIFY + rect rgb(255, 255, 255) + Note over AS, OCS: 7. Notify other participants + end + UE B->>S-CSCF: 6. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>AS: 6. 200 OK + +``` + +Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User leaving a conference SCUR mode. The diagram shows the interaction between UE B, S-CSCF, AS, and OCS. UE B sends a BYE to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. AS sends a CCR (update/terminate, USU) to OCS. OCS responds with a CCA (update/terminate) GSU. AS sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to UE B. AS also sends a NOTIFY to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to UE B. UE B sends a 200 OK to S-CSCF, which is forwarded to AS. A dashed box labeled '7. Notify other participants' is shown between AS and OCS. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.4.5-1: Message Sequence Chart for Online charging of CONF service- User leaving a conference SCUR mode** + +1) The conference has already been created. User B sends a BYE request to the AS (CONF) in order to quit the conference. The communication is forwarded to the AS addressed by conference URI. + +2-3) This step applies for SCUR mode: + +- In case “Nb of participants” is needed for the “online charging” running for this conference, and UE-B leaving does not cause conference termination: the AS(CONF) sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units, for requesting new units with new number of participants. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. +- In case UE-B leaving does cause conference termination, the AS(CONF) sends a Credit-Control-Request (TERMINATION\_REQUEST, USU) with used units, for ending credit control. + +4) The AS (CONF) sends back SIP 200 ok response to UE-B. + +5-6) The AS (CONF) sends a NOTIFY request to UE-B for unsubscribe UE-B to conf event package, replied by 200 OK from UE-B. + +7) This step does not apply if conference has terminated: Other conference participants are Notified UE-B has quit the conference. + +###### 5.3.2.1.4.6 CONF (3PTY) – successful establishment + +The following figures show the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the CONF (3PTY) service and OCS, when online charging is applied to a successful 3PTY conference scenario. + +![Sequence diagram for online charging of CONF (3PTY) service establishment. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (CONF), OCS, UE-C, UE-B. The diagram shows the interaction between these entities to establish a conference service, including INVITE, CCR, 200OK, ACK, and REFER messages, with a sub-section for SIP signalling for 3PTY establishment.](4b398c5e8c4fd656d5b7a61806400650_img.jpg) + +The sequence diagram illustrates the message exchange for establishing a CONF (3PTY) service. The lifelines are UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (CONF), OCS, UE-C, and UE-B. + +**1. UE-A and UE-B has established communication. UE-A puts UE-B on hold. UE-A establishes a media path with UE-C** + +**2. INVITE** +UE-A → S-CSCF +S-CSCF → AS (CONF) +AS (CONF) → OCS: 3. CCR (initial, service CONF (3PTY), RSU) +OCS → AS (CONF): Res. Units for CONF (3PTY) +AS (CONF) → OCS: 4. CCA (initial, GSU) +AS (CONF) → S-CSCF: 5. 200OK +S-CSCF → UE-A: 5. 200OK +UE-A → S-CSCF: 6. ACK +S-CSCF → AS (CONF): 6. ACK +AS (CONF) → OCS: 6. ACK +UE-A → S-CSCF: 7. REFER +S-CSCF → UE-B: 7. REFER + +**8. SIP signalling for 3PTY establishment** + +AS (CONF) → S-CSCF: 9. INVITE +S-CSCF → AS (CONF): 9. INVITE +AS (CONF) → S-CSCF: 10. 200OK +S-CSCF → AS (CONF): 10. 200OK +AS (CONF) → UE-C: 10. 200OK +AS (CONF) → S-CSCF: 11. ACK +S-CSCF → AS (CONF): 11. ACK +AS (CONF) → OCS: 12. CCR (terminate/update, USU) +OCS → AS (CONF): End Credit Control (ECUR)/ new Units requested (SCUR) +AS (CONF) → OCS: 13. CCA (terminate/update, GSU) + +**14. "Previously established communication between UE-A and UE-C" termination sequence** + +Sequence diagram for online charging of CONF (3PTY) service establishment. Lifelines: UE-A, S-CSCF, AS (CONF), OCS, UE-C, UE-B. The diagram shows the interaction between these entities to establish a conference service, including INVITE, CCR, 200OK, ACK, and REFER messages, with a sub-section for SIP signalling for 3PTY establishment. + +Figure 5.3.2.1.4.6-1: Message Sequence Chart for online charging of CONF (3PTY) service - establishment + +1) UE-A and UE-B have established communication. UE-A puts UE-B on hold. Before invoking the 3-Way Calling UE-A establishes a communication with UE-C. + +2) UE-A sends an INVITE request to the AS (CONF) to establish a 3PTY session. + +3-4) As “online charging” is activated, the AS (CONF) sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service CONF (3PTY)) to the OCS for requesting units for the service. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. + +5-6) The AS (CONF) sends a 200 OK response replied by ACK from UE-A. + +7) UE-A sends a REFER request to UE-B with the Refer-To header set to the address of the AS (CONF). + +8) Sequence for 3PTY establishment: + +- REFER sequence (accept, NOTIFY...) between UE-B and UE-A. +- INVITE from UE-B sequence for joining +- Original communication UE-A UE-B sequence termination +- REFER sequence (accept, NOTIFY...) between UE-A and UE-C. + +9-11) INVITE from UE-C sequence for joining the CONF (3PTY) + +12-13) In case ECUR mode applies to CONF (3PTY) Charging, on ACK receipt, AS (CONF) sends Credit-Control-Request (TERMINATION\_REQUEST, USU) for ending credit control, with granted units used for 3PTY creation. + +In case SCUR mode applies to CONF (3PTY) Charging (charging to be based on duration or other parameters), from ACK receipt, new units are subsequently requested by sending Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with already used units, for continuing the service when new CONF parameters or values have are provided. + +14) Original communication UE-A UE-C sequence termination, occurring at any time from step 11. + +##### 5.3.2.1.5 Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Server implementing the ECT service and OCS, when online charging is applied to a successful Blind Transfer from User A to User C, initiated by User B. + +For diagram simplification, only one OCS is shown. + +###### 5.3.2.1.5.1 Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT): Blind Transfer with sending REFER + +![Sequence diagram for online charging of ECT service establishment - Blind Transfer (part 1). Lifelines: S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, OCS. The process involves establishing communication between A and B, putting A on hold, and then setting up an ECT session for User C.](694df81535f89c7bfb9ef0df6f130dc0_img.jpg) + +The sequence diagram illustrates the message flow for the online charging of ECT service establishment. The lifelines are S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, and OCS. The process begins with a message 'A and B established communication – B puts A on Hold'. The sequence of messages is as follows: + +- S-CSCF B sends a 1. REFER (user-C) message to AS B. +- AS B sends a 2. CCR (initial, service = ECT, RSU) message to OCS. +- OCS performs 'Reserve Units for ECT for B' and sends a 3. CCA (initial, GSU) message back to AS B. +- AS B sends a 'User-C =>ECT session-id' message to S-CSCF B. +- S-CSCF B sends a 1. REFER (ECT session id) message to AS B. +- AS B sends a 4. CCR (initial, service=ECT, RSU) message to OCS. +- OCS performs 'Reserve Units for ECT for A' and sends a 5. CCA (initial, GSU) message back to AS B. +- AS B sends a 1. REFER message to S-CSCF A. +- S-CSCF A performs an 'iFC' (Interrogating Function) and sends a 1. REFER message to AS A. +- AS A sends a 1. REFER message to S-CSCF A. +- S-CSCF A sends a 1. REFER message to the external entity. +- Step 6: More signalling between (A, x-CSCF, AS-A) and (x-CSCF, AS-B, B) for previous A-B media termination. + +Sequence diagram for online charging of ECT service establishment - Blind Transfer (part 1). Lifelines: S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, OCS. The process involves establishing communication between A and B, putting A on hold, and then setting up an ECT session for User C. + +Figure 5.3.2.1.5.1-1: Message Sequence Chart for online charging of ECT service establishment – Blind Transfer (part 1) + +![Sequence diagram for online charging of ECT service establishment – Blind Transfer (part 2).](2a476a0b3dbc3429436246db4784ff9f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant Ext_L as + participant S-CSCF_A as S-CSCF A + participant AS_A as AS A + participant S-CSCF_B as S-CSCF B + participant AS_B as AS B + participant OCS + participant Ext_R as + + Ext_L->>S-CSCF_A: 7. INVITE + S-CSCF_A->>AS_A: 7. INVITE + AS_A->>OCS: 8. CCR (update, USU) + Note over OCS: New Units requested + OCS->>AS_A: 9. CCA (update, GSU) + AS_A->>S-CSCF_A: 7. INVITE + S-CSCF_A->>AS_A: 7. INVITE + AS_A->>S-CSCF_B: 7. INVITE + S-CSCF_B->>AS_B: 7. INVITE + AS_B->>OCS: 10. CCR (update, USU) + Note over OCS: New Units requested + OCS->>AS_B: 11. CCA (update, GSU) + AS_B->>S-CSCF_B: 7. INVITE + S-CSCF_B->>Ext_R: 7. INVITE + Ext_R->>S-CSCF_B: 12. 200 OK + S-CSCF_B->>AS_B: 12. 200 OK + AS_B->>OCS: 13. CCR (update, USU) + Note over OCS: New Units requested + OCS->>AS_B: 14. CCA (update, GSU) + AS_B->>S-CSCF_B: 12. 200 OK + S-CSCF_B->>AS_A: 12. 200 OK + AS_A->>S-CSCF_A: 12. 200 OK + AS_A->>OCS: 15. CCR (update, USU) + Note over OCS: New Units requested + OCS->>AS_A: 16. CCA (update, GSU) + AS_A->>S-CSCF_A: 12. 200 OK + S-CSCF_A->>Ext_L: 12. 200 OK + Note over S-CSCF_A, AS_B: 17. More signalling between (A, x-CSCF, AS-A) and (x-CSCF, AS-B, B) + +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the message exchange for online charging of ECT service establishment, specifically the 'Blind Transfer (part 2)' scenario. The participants involved are S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, and OCS. The process involves multiple INVITE, CCR (Credit Control Request), CCA (Credit Control Answer), and 200 OK messages. CCR/CCA exchanges with the OCS occur at various stages to request and grant units for the session. The diagram concludes with a summary box indicating further signalling between the involved entities. + +Sequence diagram for online charging of ECT service establishment – Blind Transfer (part 2). + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.5.1-2: Message Sequence Chart for online charging of ECT service establishment – Blind Transfer (part 2)** + +In this scenario User A is the transferee, User B is the transferor, and User C is the transfer target. + +User A and User B are in an established communication, User B puts User A on Hold. + +- 1) User B sends REFER request in the existing A-B dialog, to initiate transfer User A to User C. Based on the iFC, indicating that User B is subscribed to the ECT supplementary service, the communication is forwarded to AS implementing ECT. +- 2-3) As “online charging” is activated, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service ECT) to the OCS for requesting units for the ECT supplementary service. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. The AS generates an “ECT Session Identifier” replacing User C as the new destination information and forwards REFER towards User A. +- 4-5) As “online charging” is activated for User A, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service ECT) to the OCS for requesting units for the ECT supplementary service for the transferee. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. The AS forwards REFER towards User-A. +- 6) More signalling between (User A, x-CSCF, AS-A) and (x-CSCF, AS-B, User B) for REFER acceptance sequence and terminating previous media between User A and User B. +- 7) User A initiates a new session by sending an INVITE request with “ECT Session Identifier”. +- 8-9) AS implementing the ECT service for the transferee correlates this INVITE to the transfer being processed, and new units are requested by sending Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with already used units, for continuing the service. The AS forwards INVITE request. +- 10-11) AS implementing the ECT service for the transferor correlates this INVITE to the initial session to be transferred and new units are requested by sending Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with already used units, for continuing the service, prior to forwarding INVITE towards UE-C. +- 12) The destination User C party answers, and a final response is received. +- 13-14) On transfer execution, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units and requests new units for transferor to continue. +- 15-16) On transfer execution, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units and requests new units for transferee to continue. + +NOTE: For "Consultative Transfer" scenario, the same steps apply for interactions with OCS for transferee and transferor: Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST ...) on REFER initiating, intermediate Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE...) for more units on INVITE for new session, and Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE...) for more units on transfer execution when User C answers. + +###### 5.3.2.1.5.2 Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT): Blind Transfer with 3PCC + +![Sequence diagram for Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT): Blind Transfer with 3PCC. Lifelines: S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, OCS. The process involves REFER, CCR, INVITE, RE-INVITE, and 200 OK messages with various signaling blocks for resource reservation and user interaction.](d9cfc30025244dcd75766061f27ee09f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant S-CSCF A + participant AS A + participant S-CSCF B + participant AS B + participant OCS + + Note over S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, OCS: A and B established communication – B puts A on Hold + + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 1. REFER (user-C) + Note right of S-CSCF B: iFC + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 1. REFER (User C) + AS B->>OCS: 2. CCR (initial, service = ECT, RSU) + Note right of OCS: Reserve Units for ECT for B + OCS->>AS B: 3. CCA (initial, GSU) + Note right of AS B: 4. More signaling between AS-B, x-CSCF, and B for REFER handling + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 5. INVITE (user-C) + AS B->>S-CSCF B: 5. INVITE (user-C) + AS B->>OCS: 6. Provisional resp. 18x + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 6. Provisional resp. 18x + AS B->>OCS: 7. CCR (update, USU) + Note right of OCS: New Units requested + OCS->>AS B: 8. CCA (update, GSU) + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 9. RE-INVITE + AS B->>S-CSCF A: 9. RE-INVITE + S-CSCF A->>S-CSCF B: 10. 200 OK + AS A->>S-CSCF A: 10. 200 OK + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 10. 200 OK + AS B->>OCS: 11. CCR (update, USU) + Note right of OCS: New Units requested + OCS->>AS B: 12. CCA (update, GSU) + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 13. ACK + AS A->>S-CSCF A: 13. ACK + S-CSCF A->>S-CSCF B: 13. ACK + Note right of AS B: More signaling between AS-B, x-CSCF, and User C + AS B->>OCS: 14. 200 OK + S-CSCF B->>AS B: 14. 200 OK + AS B->>OCS: 15. CCR (update, USU) + Note right of OCS: New Units requested + OCS->>AS B: 16. CCA (update, GSU) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT): Blind Transfer with 3PCC. Lifelines: S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, OCS. The process involves REFER, CCR, INVITE, RE-INVITE, and 200 OK messages with various signaling blocks for resource reservation and user interaction. + +###### **Figure 5.3.2.1.5.2-1: Message Sequence Chart for online charging of ECT service establishment – Blind Transfer with 3PCC** + +In this scenario User A is the transferee, User B is the transferor, and User C is the transfer target, and the User B's AS acts as a 3PCC (Third Party Call Control) initiating B2BUA: + +User A and User B are in an established communication, User B puts User A on Hold. + +- 1) User B sends REFER request in the existing A-B dialog, to initiate transfer User A to User C. Based on the iFC, indicating that User B is subscribed to the ECT supplementary service, the communication is forwarded to AS implementing ECT in a 3PCC mode. +- 2-3) As "online charging" is activated, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (INITIAL\_REQUEST, service ECT) to the OCS for requesting units for the ECT supplementary service. The OCS grants units in the Credit-Control-Answer response for this request. +- 4-5) AS B performs the REFER procedure with User B, and sends INVITE towards User C. +- 6-8) On Provisional response from User C, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units and requests new units for transferor to continue. +- 9) AS B sends Re-INVITE towards User A on existing dialog. From User A side, the basic Re-INVITE procedure applies (ECT service not invoked). +- 10-13) On 200 OK response from User A, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units and requests new units for transferor to continue, and sends ACK back to User A. +- 14-16) On 200 OK response from User C, the AS sends a Credit-Control-Request (UPDATE, USU) with possible already used units and requests new units for transferred communication to continue. + +###### **5.3.2.1.5.3 Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT): Release** + +The following figure shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Application Servers implementing the ECT service for the transferor and for the transferee, and OCS: release from User A, after a successful Blind Transfer from User A to User C, initiated by User B. + +![Sequence diagram for Offline charging of ECT service – Release. Lifelines: S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, OCS. The diagram shows the release of a communication session between two parties, A and B, involving signaling and credit control termination.](3198cdf0dbe501c46fe0e4073c7d8451_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant User + participant S-CSCF_A as S-CSCF A + participant AS_A as AS A + participant S-CSCF_B as S-CSCF B + participant AS_B as AS B + participant OCS + + Note left of S-CSCF_A: 1. BYE + S-CSCF_A->>AS_A: 1. BYE + AS_A->>OCS: 2. CCR (terminate, USU) + Note right of OCS: End Credit Control for A + AS_A->>S-CSCF_A: 1. BYE + AS_A->>OCS: 3. CCA (terminate) + S-CSCF_A->>S-CSCF_B: 1. BYE + S-CSCF_B->>AS_B: 1. BYE + AS_B->>OCS: 4. CCR (terminate, USU) + Note right of OCS: End Credit Control for B + AS_B->>S-CSCF_B: 1. BYE + AS_B->>OCS: 5. CCA (terminate) + S-CSCF_B->>User: 1. BYE + Note bottom: 6. More signalling between (A, x-CSCF, AS-A) and (x-CSCF, AS-B, B) for termination + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Offline charging of ECT service – Release. Lifelines: S-CSCF A, AS A, S-CSCF B, AS B, OCS. The diagram shows the release of a communication session between two parties, A and B, involving signaling and credit control termination. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.5.3-1: Message Sequence Chart for Offline charging of ECT service – Release** + +1) User A initiates release of the communication + +2-3) At session termination the AS implementing the ECT service for the transferee, sends a Credit-Control-Request (TERMINATION\_REQUEST, USU) with used units, for ending credit control. + +4-5) At session termination the AS implementing the ECT service for the transferor, sends a Credit-Control-Request (TERMINATION\_REQUEST, USU) with used units, for ending credit control. + +NOTE: For "Blind Transfer with 3PCC" release scenario, only interactions between AS-B and OCS apply for ECT service. + +#### 5.2.2.2 Message Flows - Error Cases and Scenarios + +Error cases and Scenarios for SIP related procedures and Diameter related procedures used for MMTel Service and Supplementary Services Charging are defined in TS 32.260 [20]. + +# 6 Definition of charging information + +## 6.1 Data description for MMTel offline charging + +### 6.1.1 Rf message contents + +For offline charging, the different service CTFs supporting MMTel specific service charging generate accounting information transferred to the CDF using the Diameter accounting application, as described in the TS 32.299 [50]. + +The *Charging Data Request* and *Charging Data Response* are used for this MMTel service offline charging, as described in TS 32.260 [20]. + +#### 6.1.1.1 Charging Data-Request Message Description + +The generic *Charging Data-Request* message described in TS 32.260[20] used for MMTel offline charging is enhanced with specific MMTel service information. + +The following table illustrates the overall *Charging Data-Request* message as used for MMTel offline charging. + +**Table 6.1.1.1 : Charging Data Request Message Contents** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| See Charging Data-Request message fields described in TS 32.260 [20] | | | +| Service Information | Om | This field holds the MMTel specific parameter and is described in clause 6.3. | + +NOTE: Detailed descriptions of the fields are provided in 3GPP TS 32.299 [50]. + +#### 6.1.1.2 Charging Data Response Message Description + +The generic *Charging Data-Response* message described in TS 32.260[20] is used for MMTel offline charging. + +### 6.1.2 GTP' message contents + +Not applicable. Refer to subclause 5.2.3 for further information. + +### 6.1.3 CDR Description on the Bi Interface + +#### 6.1.3.1 CDR Field Type + +The MMTel CDR content and format description is based on TS 32.260[20] AS-CDR description, enhanced with specific MMTel service information. + +The content of MMTel CDR type is defined in the table in clause 6.1.3.3. The field definition includes the field name, category and description. The detailed field descriptions are provided in TS 32.298 [51]. + +The CDF provides the CDRs at the Bi interface in the format and encoding described in TS 32.298 [51]. Additional CDR formats and contents may be available at the interface to the billing system to meet the requirements of the billing system, these are outside of the scope of 3GPP standardisation. + +#### 6.1.3.2 CDR Triggers + +Accounting information for MMTel services charging is transferred from the CTFs supporting MMTel service charging to the CDF, using *Charging Data Request Start*, *Interim Stop* or *Event* messages, depending on MMTel service behaviour (detailed in clause 5.2.2). Within the CDF, the CDRs triggering follows the same principle as described for SIP sessions in TS 32.260[20] : MMTel CDR is opened upon reception of a *Charging Data Request [Start]* message, closed upon reception of a *Charging Data Request [Stop]* message, updated upon reception of a *Charging Data Request [Interim]*, and created upon reception of a *Charging Data Request [Event]*. + +#### 6.1.3.3 MMTel-AS CDR Content + +The MMTel CDR content and format description is based on TS 32.260[20] AS-CDR description, enhanced with specific MMTel information. + +The detailed description of the field is provided in TS 32.298 [51]. + +**Table 6.1.3.3: Charging Data of MMTel CDR** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|----------------------------------------------------------|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| See Charging Data of AS CDR described in TS 32.260 [20]. | | | +| MMTel information | O C | This field includes a list of MMTel supplementary services which may occur within the same AS.
The MMTel supplementary services related informations are described in Clause 6.3.1.2. | + +## 6.2 Data description for MMTel online charging + +### 6.2.1 Ro message contents + +For online charging, the different service CTFs supporting MMTel specific service charging, generate debit and reserve units information transferred to the OCF. For this purpose, MMTel online charging utilises the *Debit Units* and *Reserve Units* procedure specified in the Debit / Reserve Units operation in TS 32.299 [50]. + +The *Debit / Reserve Units Request* and *Debit / Reserve Units Response* messages are used for this MMTel service online charging, as described in TS 32.260 [20]. + +#### 6.2.1.1 Debit and Reserve Units Request Message + +The generic *Debit / Reserve Units Request* message described in TS 32.260[20], used for MMTel online charging is enhanced with specific MMTel service information. + +The following table illustrates the overall *Debit / Reserve Units Request* message as used for MMTel online charging. + +**Table 6.2.1.1: Debit and Reserve units Request Message Contents** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| See Debit / Reserve Units Request message fields described in TS 32.260 [20]. | | | +| Service Information | O M | This field holds the MMTel specific parameter and is described in clause 6.3. | + +NOTE: Detailed descriptions of the fields are provided in TS 32.299 [50]. + +#### 6.2.1.2 Debit and Reserve Units Response Message + +The generic *Debit / Reserve Units Response* message described in TS 32.260[20] is used for MMTel online charging. + +## 6.3 MMTel Charging Specific Parameters + +### 6.3.1 Definition of MMTel charging information + +The MMTel Information parameter used for MMTel charging is provided in the Service Information parameter. + +#### 6.3.1.1 MMTel charging information assignment for Service Information + +The components in the Service Information that are used for MMTel charging can be found in Table 6.3.1.1. + +**Table 6.3.1.1: Service Information used for MMTel Charging** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|---------------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Service Information | O M | A set of fields hold the 3GPP specific parameter as defined in 3GPP TS 32.299 [50]. | +| Subscription Id | O M | Used as defined in 3GPP TS 32.260 [20]. | +| IMS Information | O C | The details are defined in 3GPP TS 32.260 [20]. | +| PS Information | O C | The details are defined in 3GPP TS 32.260 [20]. | +| MMTel Information | O M | This field holds a set of MMTel services with their specific parameters. The details are defined in clause 6.3.1.2. | + +#### 6.3.1.2 Definition of the MMTel Information + +MMTel specific charging information is provided within the MMTel Information, and the detailed structure of the MMTel Information can be found in table 6.3.1.2. + +**Table 6.3.1.2: Structure of the MMTel Information** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|--------------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Supplementary Service | O M | This is a grouped field comprising several sub-fields associated with one supplementary service. It can be present multiple times as necessary to present the parallel activity of the different supplementary services. | +| Service Type | O M | This field holds the type of the Supplementary Service, i.e. OIP, OIR, TIP, TIR, CW, HOLD, CB, MWI, CONF, CDIV, ECT, FA, MCID, CAT, CUG, PNM, CRS, AoC. | +| Service Mode | O C | This field holds the mode of specific Service Type, i.e. for CB: ACR, ICB, OC, B for CDIV: CFU, CFB, CFNR, CFNRc, CFNL, CFUDB and for CONF: 3PTY, AoC-S, AoC-D, AoC-E. | +| Number of diversions | O C | This field holds the number of diversions for CDIV. | +| Associated party address | O C | This field holds additional party identification needed for the service charging, i.e. for CDIV the "forwarding party", for ECT the "transferor", for FA the "Pilot Identity", for 3PTY the "Initiator party". | +| Service id | O C | This field holds the conference ID for CONF supplementary service | +| Change Time | O C | This field holds the time of the requested action indicated in the "Participant Action Type" during the CONF supplementary service. It provides the time stamps for the CONF supplementary service parameters reporting.
When the action is set to "CREATE", this field indicates the start time of the CONF supplementary service.
When the action is set to "QUIT" and Number Of Participants holds the value "0", this field indicates the end time of the CONF supplementary service. | +| Number Of Participants | O C | This field holds the number of parties who are currently attached to the Conference at the time stamped indicated in the "Change Time", for the CONF supplementary service. | +| Participant Action Type | O C | This field holds the participant action type for CONF supplementary service (CREATE_CONF, JOIN_CONF, INVITE_CONF, QUIT_CONF) at the time stamped indicated in the "Change Time". | +| CUG Information | O C | This field holds the CUG information conveyed by the Network and identifies the CUG-communication : it is the "CUG Interlock Code" . | +| AoC information | O C | This field holds the AoC related Charging information conveyed to CDF, as defined in TS 32.280 [21].
Since AoC information may be sent more than once (e.g for AoC-S), this field may be multiple. | + +#### 6.3.1.3 Support of MMTel Information in MMTel Offline Charging + +In table 6.3.1.3, the supported Operation Types for Service Type field within the MMTel Information on the Rf interface are presented. The other MMTel Information fields are not detailed. + +The supported Operation Types for Service Information fields, used in the Charging Data Request and Response messages for MMTel charging, other than MMTel Information fields, are described in TS 32.260 [20]. + +Operation Types for Service Type, encompass the various situations, where the basic MMTel service Charging Data Request messages are sent from: + +- a separate entity (another AS or S-CSCF), than the AS implementing the supplementary service, + +the same AS. Each service may be reported through a dedicated Charging Data Request Message or combined Charging Data Request Messages (regrouped supplementary services or with basic MMTel service). + +**Table 6.3.1.3: Supported values for Service Type in MMTel Information.** + +| Field | | +|-------------------------------------------------------|---------| +| Node Type | AS | +| Supported Operation Types | S/I/S/E | +| Service Type | | +| OIP (see note 1) | S/ISE | +| OIR | S/ISE | +| TIP | S/ISE | +| TIR (see note 2) | S/ISE | +| CW | S/ISE | +| HOLD (see note 3) | S/ISE | +| CB (see note 2) | ---E | +| MWI | ---E | +| CAT | S/ISE | +| CCBS | S/ISE | +| CCNR | S/ISE | +| CONF | S/ISE | +| CDIV | S/ISE | +| ECT | S/ISE | +| FA | S/ISE | +| MCID | S/ISE | +| CUG | S/ISE | +| PNM | S/ISE | +| CRS | S/ISE | +| AoC | S/ISE | +| NOTE 1: Only present at terminating side. | | +| NOTE 2: Terminating side service. | | +| NOTE 3: AS may be involved for announcement purposes. | | + +#### 6.3.1.4 Support of MMTel Information in MMTel Online Charging + +In table 6.3.1.4 the basic structure of the supported fields within the MMTel Information in the Debit and Reserve Units Request for IMS online charging on the Ro interface are presented. The Operation types are listed in the following order: I (initial)/U (update)/T (terminate)/E (event). Therefore, when all Operation types are possible it is marked as IUTE. If only some Operation types are allowed for a node, only the appropriate letters are used (i.e. IUT or E) as + +indicated in the table heading. The omission of an Operation type for a particular field is marked with "-" (i.e. IU-E). Also, when an entire field is not allowed in a node the entire cell is marked as "-". + +**Table 6.3.1.4: Supported values in Debit and Reserve Units Request Message MMTel Information** + +| Field | Node Type | | +|--------------------------------------------|---------------------------|---------| +| | AS | | +| | Supported Operation Types | I/U/T/E | +| Service Type | | | +| OIP (see note 1) | | - | +| OIR (see note 1) | | - | +| TIP (see note 1) | | - | +| TIR (see note 1) | | - | +| CW (see note 1) | | - | +| HOLD (see note 1) | | - | +| CB (see note 1) | | - | +| MWI (see note 1) | | - | +| CAT (see note 1) | | - | +| CCBS (see note 1) | | - | +| CCNR (see note 1) | | - | +| CONF | | IUTE | +| CDIV | | IUT- | +| ECT | | IUT- | +| MCID (see note 1) | | - | +| PNM (see note 1) | | - | +| FA | | IUT- | +| CUG | | IUT- | +| CRS (see note 1) | | - | +| AoC (see note 1) | | - | +| NOTE 1: Only reported in offline charging. | | | + +# --- Annex A (informative): Bibliography + +## a) The 3GPP charging specifications + +- 3GPP TS 32.250: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Circuit Switched (CS) domain charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.251: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Packet Switched (PS) domain charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.252: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.271: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Location Services (LCS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.272: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Push-to-talk over Cellular (PoC) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.273: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.274: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Short Message Service (SMS) charging". + +## b) Common 3GPP specifications + +- 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network architecture". + +## c) other Domain and Service specific 3GPP / ETSI specifications + +- 3GPP TS 22.002: "Circuit Bearer Services (BS) supported by a Public Land Mobile Network +- 3GPP TS 22.003: "Circuit Teleservices Supported by a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)". +- 3GPP TS 22.004: "General on Supplementary Services". +- 3GPP TS 23.009: "Handover procedures" +- 3GPP TS 23.040: "Technical realization of the Short Message Service (SMS)". +- 3GPP TS 23.140: "Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS); Functional description; Stage 2". +- 3GPP TS 23.271: "Location Services (LCS); Functional description; Stage 2". + +## d) Relevant ITU Recommendations + +- ITU-T Recommendation E.164: "The international public telecommunication numbering plan". +- ITU-T Recommendation Q.767: "Application of the ISDN user part of CCITT signalling System No.7 for international ISDN interconnections". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.25: "Interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) for terminals operating in the packet mode and connected to public data networks by dedicated circuit". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.121: "International numbering plan for public data networks". + +## e) Relevant IETF RFCs + +- IETF RFC 959 (1985): "File Transfer Protocol". +- IETF RFC1350: "The TFTP Protocol (Revision 2)". + +# --- Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Sep 2008 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Presentation to SA Plenary | | 0.2.0 | 1.0.0 | +| Mar 2009 | SA-43 | SP-090058 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for approval | | 2.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090432 | 005 | -- | Correction of offline charging message flow of Communications Diversion (CDIV) service | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090432 | 007 | -- | Correction of offline charging message flow of Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) service | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090432 | 012 | -- | Clarification on MMTel charging architecture | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 1 | - | Add "Flexible Alerting" MMTel supplementary service Charging description | | | | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 2 | - | Basic principles description for MMTel online charging | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 3 | - | R9 CR Add CCNR in MMTel Charging | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 4 | - | R9 CR Add CCNR in MMTel Charging | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 6 | - | Add MMTel CDIV online charging scenario | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 8 | - | Add CCBS and CCNR MMTel supplementary services in Scope chapter. Small cleanups | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 9 | - | Add "Malicious Communication Identification (MCID)" MMTel supplementary service Charging description | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 10 | - | Add "Customized Alerting Tone (CAT)" MMTel supplementary service Charging description | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 11 | - | Add "Closed User Group (CUG)" MMTel supplementary service Charging description | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 13 | - | Add "Flexible Alerting" MMTel supplementary service Online Charging scenario | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SA-44 | SP-090294 | 14 | - | Add "Closed User Group (CUG)" MMTel supplementary service Online Charging scenario | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep-2009 | SA-45 | SP-090538 | 16 | - | Aligning MMTel Charging error cases with TS 32.260 IMS Charging | A | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep-2009 | SA-45 | SP-090538 | 17 | - | Refinement on CUG information in MMTel information | F | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep-2009 | SA-45 | SP-090538 | 19 | - | Setting for Operation Types related to "service type" values in ACR for MMTel charging | A | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep-2009 | SA-45 | SP-090538 | 20 | - | Add 3PTY MMTel supplementary service charging | B | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep-2009 | SA-45 | SP-090538 | 21 | - | Clarification on generic behaviour for Supplementary services Online Charging description | C | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA-46 | SP-090722 | 22 | - | Add "Conference (CONF)" MMTel supplementary service Online Charging scenario | B | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA-46 | SP-090722 | 23 | - | MMTel Online charging scenarios simplification – IMS-GWF interaction removal | C | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA-46 | SP-090722 | 24 | - | Add "CONF (3PTY)" MMTel supplementary service Online Charging scenario | B | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA-46 | SP-090722 | 25 | - | Add Messages description for MMTel Online Charging | B | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA-47 | SP-100044 | 26 | - | Add "Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT)" MMTel supplementary service Online Charging scenario | B | 9.2.0 | 9.3.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA-47 | SP-100040 | 28 | - | Correction on MMTel CDR description for Early SDP - Alignment with TS 32.260 | A | 9.2.0 | 9.3.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA-47 | SP-100040 | 30 | - | Correction in MMTel Charging for session priority - Alignment with TS 32.260 | A | 9.2.0 | 9.3.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA-47 | SP-100044 | 31 | - | Add "Personal Network management" MMTel supplementary service charging description. | B | 9.2.0 | 9.3.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA-47 | SP-100044 | 32 | - | Add "Customized Ringing Signal (CRS)" MMTel supplementary service charging description | B | 9.2.0 | 9.3.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA-47 | SP-100044 | 33 | - | Add "Reverse Charging" MMTel supplementary service Charging not supported | B | 9.2.0 | 9.3.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA-47 | SP-100044 | 34 | - | Completion for Supported values setting for MMTel Information - Online Charging | B | 9.2.0 | 9.3.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SA-49 | SP-100496 | 036 | -- | Correction to Message Sequence Chart for Offline Charging of CW Service | A | 9.3.0 | 9.4.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SA-49 | SP-100497 | 037 | -- | Correction to Support of MMTel Information in MMTel Online Charging | F | 9.3.0 | 9.4.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SA-50 | SP-100758 | 038 | 2 | Correction of Communication session Barring (CB) to support MMTel Information in MMTel Offline Charging | F | 9.4.0 | 9.5.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SA-50 | SP-100758 | 039 | 2 | Correction of Communication Waiting (CW) Charging Flow | F | 9.4.0 | 9.5.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SA-51 | SP-110109 | 42 | 1 | MMTel Charging enhancement for alignment with generic AS Charging description in TS 32.260 | C | 9.5.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SA-51 | SP-110112 | 40 | 1 | Add 'Advice Of Charge (AoC)' MMTel supplementary service Charging description - Align with 22.173 | B | 9.5.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SA-51 | SP-110109 | 41 | 1 | Correction on Subscriber role | F | 9.5.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2012-12 | SA-58 | SP-120793 | 42 | 1 | Single charging session applicability to MMTel | B | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | + +| | | | | | | | | | +|---------|-------|-----------|----|---|---------------------------------------------|---|------------|--------------------| +| 2013-03 | SA-59 | | | | Changes from SA-59 implemented | | 11.1.
0 | 11.2.
0
| +| 2013-04 | | | | | History table correction by MCC | | 11.2.
0 | 11.2.
1
| +| 2013-09 | SA-61 | SP-130464 | 44 | 1 | Correct use of PS information elements | F | 11.2. | 11.3. | +| | | SP-130437 | 47 | - | Correction on MMTel Online Charging | A | 1 | 0 | +| 2014-09 | SA-65 | SP-140561 | 56 | 1 | Removal of CDIVN service | A | 11.3.
0 | 11.4.
0
| +| 2015-03 | SA-67 | SP-150065 | 62 | 1 | Inconsistency correction of subscriber role | A | 11.4.
0 | 11.5.
0
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considerations..... | 11 | +| 4.1 High level AoC aspects..... | 11 | +| 4.2 AoC in GSM network architecture..... | 11 | +| 4.3 AoC in IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) architecture ..... | 12 | +| 4.3.0 Introduction ..... | 12 | +| 4.3.1 AoC functional entities..... | 13 | +| 4.3.1.1 AoC Function..... | 13 | +| 4.3.2 AoC interfaces ..... | 14 | +| 4.3.3 AoC interworking with other features ..... | 15 | +| 4.3.3.1 AoC and offline charging ..... | 15 | +| 4.3.3.1.1 Interworking for AoC service execution..... | 15 | +| 4.3.3.1.2 AoC invocation recording..... | 15 | +| 4.3.3.2 AoC and online charging..... | 15 | +| 4.3.3.3 AoC and RTTI..... | 15 | +| 5 AoC principles and flows..... | 16 | +| 5.1 Common charge advice principles ..... | 16 | +| 5.2 AoC in GSM networks (CAI description)..... | 16 | +| 5.3 AoC in IMS..... | 16 | +| 5.3.1 Basic principles and definitions..... | 16 | +| 5.3.2 Message flows and types for offline charging..... | 16 | +| 5.3.2.0 Introduction ..... | 16 | +| 5.3.2.1 Successful session establishment: AoC-S with AoC Information in reliable 1xx response (originating side)..... | 17 | +| 5.3.2.2 Mid-session procedure: AoC-S with AoC Information in an SIP INFO request ..... | 19 | +| 5.3.2.3 Session release: AoC-E – originating party clears..... | 20 | +| 5.3.2.4 Session release: AoC-E – terminating party clears..... | 21 | +| 5.3.2.5 AoC Function co-located with same AS providing the service..... | 22 | +| 5.3.2.5.0 Introduction ..... | 22 | +| 5.3.2.5.1 Successful session establishment: AoC-S (originating side) ..... | 22 | +| 5.3.2.5.2 AoC-D for serving party in SIP INFO request..... | 25 | +| 5.3.2.5.3 Session release: AoC-E – serving party clears..... | 26 | +| 5.4 AoC in Inter-connected ..... | 27 | +| 5.4.1 Principles ..... | 27 | +| 5.4.2 Scenarios..... | 27 | +| 5.4.3 Message flows ..... | 27 | +| 5.5 AoC support for PSTN/ISDN Emulation..... | 27 | +| 6 Definition of AoC Information ..... | 28 | +| 6.0 General ..... | 28 | +| 6.1 AoC Information model principles ..... | 28 | +| 6.2 AoC Information model ..... | 28 | +| 6.3 AoC data definition ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.1 Diameter message contents ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.1.1 Summary of AoC message formats ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.1.2 Structure for the Credit-Control message formats..... | 30 | +| 6.3.1.2.0 General ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.1.2.1 Credit-Control-Request (CCR) message..... | 30 | +| 6.3.1.2.2 Credit-Control-Answer (CCA) message..... | 31 | +| 6.3.1.3 Rf message content related to AoC service ..... | 31 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 6.3.1.3.0 | Introduction ..... | 31 | +| 6.3.1.3.1 | Charging Data Request message..... | 32 | +| 6.3.1.3.2 | Charging Data Response message..... | 32 | +| 6.3.2 | Definition of Service Information ..... | 32 | +| 6.3.3 | Definition of AoC Information..... | 33 | +| 6.3.3.0 | General..... | 33 | +| 6.3.3.1 | AoC Information assignment for Service Information ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.3.2 | Definition of the Tariff Information ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.3.3 | Definition of AoC Cost Information..... | 34 | +| 6.4 | AoC subscription and formatting parameters..... | 35 | +| Annex A (informative): | AoC use cases..... | 36 | +| A.0 | General..... | 36 | +| A.1 | Call scenarios with AoC Information provided at the beginning and/or during and/or at the end of the call..... | 36 | +| A.1.1 | Outgoing call with Tariff provided by the charging domain at the start of the call..... | 36 | +| A.1.2 | Outgoing call with Tariff provided by a remote network (PSTN or IMS) or a 3 rd party service provider (AS) at the start of the call ..... | 36 | +| A.1.3 | Outgoing call with Tariff provided by the charging domain in addition to an add-on charge received from the remote network (PSTN or IMS) or from a 3 rd party service provider (AS) ..... | 37 | +| A.1.4 | Outgoing call with Tariff change provided by the charging domain during an on-going call..... | 37 | +| A.1.5 | Outgoing call with regular Cost updates provided by the charging domain during an on-going call ..... | 38 | +| A.1.6 | Outgoing call with Cost summary provided at the end of the call..... | 38 | +| A.1.7 | Incoming call with Tariff provided by the charging domain at the start of the call..... | 38 | +| Annex B (informative): | Message flow for basic IMS session establishment and interaction with online charging..... | 39 | +| Annex C (informative): | AoC Information mapping ..... | 41 | +| C.0 | General..... | 41 | +| C.1 | AoC Information mapping to CAI element ..... | 41 | +| C.2 | AoC Information mapping to charging Information Elements ..... | 42 | +| C.3 | AoC Information mapping to NNI charging information..... | 43 | +| Annex D (informative): | Bibliography ..... | 44 | +| Annex E (informative): | Change history..... | 45 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the Advice of Charge (AoC) framework for relevant events, sessions, and services. The 3GPP umbrella charging architecture and principles are defined in TS 32.240 [1]. + +The AoC framework detailed herein provides for both offline and online charging models. It specifies the following: + +- The AoC architecture. +- The common principles that govern AoC. +- The AoC function that enables the IMS AoC framework. +- Exemplary message flows. +- AoC interface data description. + +All terms, definitions and abbreviations used in the present document, that are common across 3GPP TSs, are defined in the 3GPP Vocabulary, TR 21.905 [100]. Those that are common across charging management in 3GPP network, services or subsystems are provided in the umbrella document TS 32.240 [1] and may be copied into clause 3 of the present document for ease of reading. Finally, those items that are specific to the present document are defined exclusively in the present document. + +Requirements that govern the AoC work are specified in TS 22.115 [101]. + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.240: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Architecture and Principles". +- [2]–[19] Void +- [20] 3GPP TS 32.260: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) charging". +- [21] 3GPP TS 32.275: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; MultiMedia Telephony (MMTel) charging". +- [22]–[49] Void +- [50] 3GPP TS 32.299: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Diameter charging application". +- [51] 3GPP TS 32.298: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) parameter description". +- [52] Void +- [53] 3GPP TS 32.296: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Online Charging System (OCS) applications and interfaces". +- [54]–[99] Void +- [100] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [101] 3GPP TS 22.115: "Service aspects; Charging and billing". +- [102]–[201] Void. +- [202] 3GPP TS 22.173: "IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem (IMS) Multimedia Telephony Service and supplementary services; Stage 1". +- [203] 3GPP TS 22.024: "Description of Charge Advice Information (CAI)". +- [204] 3GPP TS 22.086: "Advice of Charge (AoC) supplementary services; Stage 1". +- [205] 3GPP TS 23.086: "Advice of Charge (AoC) supplementary services; Stage 2". +- [206] 3GPP TS 24.086: "Advice of Charge (AoC) supplementary services; Stage 3". +- [207] 3GPP TS 23.078: "Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic (CAMEL) Phase 4; Stage 2". +- [208] 3GPP TS 24.647: "Advice Of Charge (AOC) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core; Network (CN) subsystem". +- [209] 3GPP TS 29.658: "SIP Transfer of IP Multimedia Service Tariff Information; Protocol specification". + +- [210] 3GPP TS 24.229: "IP multimedia call control protocol based on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP); Stage 3". +- [211] 3GPP TS 29.364: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Application Server (AS) service data descriptions for AS interoperability". +- [212] ETSI TS 182 012 (V2.1.4): "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); IMS-based PSTN/ISDN Emulation Sub-system (PES); Functional architecture". +- [213] ETSI TS 183 043 (V2.3.1): "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); IMS-based PSTN/ISDN Emulation; Stage 3 specification". +- [214] ETSI ES 201 296 (V1.3.1): "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Signalling System No.7 (SS7); ISDN User Part (ISUP); Signalling aspects of charging". +- [215] 3GPP TS 22.078: "Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic (CAMEL); Service description; Stage 1". +- [215]- [299] Void. +- [300]- [399] Void. +- [400] IETF RFC 2486 (1999): "The Network Access Identifier". + +# --- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [100] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [100]. + +**Add-on charge:** additional charge on top of the current tariff. An add-on charge can either be metered in non-monetary units (e.g. meter pulse) or in monetary-units (e.g. currency). + +**Advice of Charge (AoC):** The Advice of Charge (AoC) supplementary service provides AoC Information to the served user for information (AoCI) or for charging (AoCC) related to a corresponding event, session or usage of a service. The AoC service may be delivered prior to, during or after the service delivery. + +**AoC for Information (AoCI):** An AoC supplementary service where the provided information is non-binding. I.e. the provided information is an estimation of the service cost and/or tariff. The provided information and the actual charges may differ. + +**AoC for Charging (AoCC):** An AoC supplementary service where the provided information is binding. I.e. the provided information shall correspond to the actual charges. + +**AoC at communication set-up time (AOC-S):** An AoC supplementary service provided at communication establishment and/or at tariff switch time. The provided information includes Tariff Information for the requested service. + +**AoC during the communication (AOC-D):** An AoC supplementary service provided during the communication at predefined triggering conditions. The provided information includes accumulated Cost for the ongoing usage. + +**AoC at the end of communication (AOC-E):** An AoC supplementary service provided when the communication is released. The provided information includes the total accumulated Cost. + +**Auxiliary Advice of Charge Function (AACF):** An AACF provides Tariff and/or Cost information for the requested service. The AACF resides outside of the local AoC function and the charging domain. + +NOTE: In this release, the AACF is considered as CDP for AoCI purpose. CDP is defined in TS 29.658 [209]. The terms AACF and CDP may change in the future as a result of possible addition of charging capabilities. + +**Charge Advice information (CAI):** CAI elements as described in TS 22.024 [203]. + +**Charge Determination Point (CDP):** Defined in ETSI ES 201.296 [214]. + +**IMS-based PSTN/ISDN Emulation Sub-system (PES):** Defined in ETSI TS 182 012 [212]. + +**Tariff:** set of parameters defining the applied charges for the use of a particular bearer / session / service. + +## 3.2 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +Symbol format + +| | | +|----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Bi | Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the IMS CGF to the BD. | +| ISC | ISC interface between the S-CSCF and the IMS-GWF | +| Rf | Offline Charging Reference Point between an IMS Network Entity or an AS and the CDF | +| Ro | Online Charging Reference Point between an AS, MRFC or the IMS-GWF and the OCS | +| <24.647> | Reference point between UE and P-CSCF as defined in TS 24.647 [208] | +| <29.658> | Reference point between IBCF/MGCF and the external network as defined in TS 29.658 [209] | + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [100] and the following apply. + +An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [100]. + +| | | +|---------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| AACF | Auxiliary AoC Function | +| ACF | AoC Function | +| AGCF | Access Gateway Control Function | +| AoC | Advice of Charge | +| AoC-S | AoC at communication Set-up time | +| AoC-D | AoC During the communication | +| AoC-E | AoC at the End of the communication | +| AoCI | AoC for Information | +| AoCC | AoC for Charging | +| CAI | Charge Advice Information | +| CAMEL | Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic | +| CCA | Credit-Control-Answer | +| CCF | Charging Collection Function | +| CCR | Credit-Control-Request | +| CDF | Charging Data Function | +| CDP | Charging Determination Point | +| CGF | Charging Gateway Function | +| CPC | Calling Party Category | +| CSCF | Call Session Control Function (I-Interrogating; P-Proxy; and S-Serving) | +| ECUR | Event Charging with Unit Reservation | +| HSS | Home Subscriber Server | +| IBCF | Interconnection Border Control Function | +| IEC | Immediate Event Charging | +| IMS-GWF | IMS Gateway Function | +| ISC | IMS Service Control | +| MGCF | Media Gateway Control Function | +| OCS | Online Charging System | +| OFCS | Offline Charging System | +| PES | IMS-based PSTN/ISDN Emulation Sub-system | +| RTTI | Realtime Transfer of Tariff Information | +| SCUR | Session Charging with Unit Reservation | +| SIP | Session Initiation Protocol | +| UE | User Equipment | +| UNI | User to Network Interface | +| VGW | Voice over IP Gateway | + +# --- 4 Architecture considerations + +## 4.1 High level AoC aspects + +Advice of Charge (AoC) is a user-specific supplementary service which provides AoC Information to the UE in real-time. It contains Cost and/or Tariff for the requested service, which may be provided either in monetary format (e.g. 0,10 €) or non-monetary format (e.g. 10 charging units). + +Depending on the AoC service obligatory type (AoCI or AoCC), the provided information is either non-binding or binding. AoCI provides an estimation of the service Cost and/or Tariff which may deviate from the actual charges. In contrast to AoCI, AoCC is binding and shall correspond to the actual charges (e.g. corresponding bill position or amount which is deducted from the prepaid account). + +The AoC service type depends on the following triggering events: AoC-S occurs at communication establishment and/or at tariff switch time. AoC-D is sent to the user during the communication, depending on predefined triggering conditions (e.g. to provide accumulated Cost for the ongoing usage every 5 seconds). AoC-E provides the total accumulated Cost of the service when the communication is released. + +Any combination of the AoC service obligatory type and the service type may co-exist. + +Online Charging and Offline Charging and AoC services are mutually independent from the end user perspective. + +The AoC Information may be based on Tariff Information from a local charging system, e.g. from an Online Charging System (OCS). Additionally, Tariff or Cost Information may be received from an external network or service provider in real time according to the Realtime Transfer of Tariff Information (RTTI) protocol defined in TS 29.658 [209]. This situation can occur in case of interconnection scenarios or 3rd party services like Service 0900. Depending on the local charging system indication, it may be decided whether external Tariff Information is either rejected or processed to create the AoC Information. + +The selection of tariffs can be conditioned on any parameter defined in the charging information requirements mentioned in TS 22.115 [101]. The selection of tariffs may also be dependent upon and not limited to the Calling Party Category (CPC) defined in TS 24.229 [210], the user balances, consumed resource prior or within the session, discounts, benefits or any other commercial agreement that the user is engaged with the service provider. + +AoC-related subscription status and user profiles are stored in the HSS. The AoC-related user profiles contain the following information: + +- AoC service obligatory type (AoCI or AoCC); +- AoC service type (any combination of AoC-S, AoC-D, and AoC-E); +- AoC configuration and preferences. + +Details are described in clause 6.4. + +## 4.2 AoC in GSM network architecture + +The CAMEL feature (Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic) is described in TS 22.078 [215]. + +The Charge Advice Information (CAI) is described in TS 22.024 [203], TS 22.086 [204], TS 23.086 [205] and TS 24.086 [206]. + +## 4.3 AoC in IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) architecture + +### 4.3.0 Introduction + +The IMS Charging Architecture is described in TS 32.260 [20]. + +Figure 4.3.0.1 shows the specific part of the IMS charging architecture that handles AoC. + +![Figure 4.3.0.1: IMS AoC architecture diagram showing functional entities and their interfaces.](8e14350b4b669119a3bdfca7869110ca_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the IMS AoC architecture. At the top, a dashed box labeled 'Charging Domain' contains two entities: **OFCS** (orange) and **OCS** (blue). Below this, the **HSS** (grey) is connected to **OFCS** via the **Bi** interface and to the **AoC Function** (yellow) via the **Sh** interface. The **AoC Function** is connected to **OCS** via the **Ro** interface and to the **IMS-GWF** (yellow) via the **ISC** interface. The **IMS-GWF** is connected to the **S-CSCF** (yellow) via the **ISC** interface. The **S-CSCF** is connected to the **CDF** (green) via the **Rf** interface and to the **IBCF** (yellow) via the **29.658** interface. The **CDF** is part of the **CCF** (dashed box) which also contains the **CGF** (green). The **CGF** is connected to the **HSS** via the **Rf** interface. The **UE** (yellow) is connected to the **P-CSCF** (yellow) via the **24.647** interface. The **P-CSCF** is connected to the **S-CSCF** via the **Rf** interface and to the **MGCF** (yellow) via the **29.658** interface. The **MGCF** is connected to the **IBCF** via the **29.658** interface. The **AoC Function** is also connected to the **S-CSCF** via the **ISC** interface. The **HSS** is also connected to the **S-CSCF** via the **Cx** interface. + +Figure 4.3.0.1: IMS AoC architecture diagram showing functional entities and their interfaces. + +**Figure 4.3.0.1: IMS AoC architecture** + +Figure 4.3.0.1 shows functional entities that are not directly involved in AoC, but completes the picture with affected interfaces. + +TS 24.647 [208] specifies the AoC Information transferred to the UE via involved IMS functional entities. + +TS 29.658 [209] specifies the procedures for the real-time transfer of charging information in interconnection scenarios. + +AoC Function may reside in the same AS hosting the service for which the AoC Service is to be provided, or in a separate AS (not shown in figure 4.3.0.1). + +The AoC Function (ACF) requests the AoC-related subscription and formatting parameters from the HSS via Sh. Additionally, filter criteria for ACF triggering may also be retrieved from the HSS by a CSCF via Cx. + +The AoC Function obtains tariff information from the charging domain via Ro or the AoC function may have local Tariff information available (see clause 4.3.1.1). See the AoC interfaces for details. + +**NOTE:** The AoC function may be unified with the IMS-GW function in online charging. + +### 4.3.1 AoC functional entities + +#### 4.3.1.1 AoC Function + +The AoC Function is a logical functional entity that provides AoC Information. It includes the following functions: + +- Receive and or obtain Cost / Tariff data from various sources: + - Charging domain + - External tariff received from an AACF in real time (TS 29.658 [209]) + - Locally configured data (valid only for AoCI service) +- AoC data determination – reworks and arbitrates how to combine the incoming Tariff / Cost sources. + +This shall be done through consultation with the charging domain in the AoCC service and can be done locally at the ACF for AoCI service + +- Transform the AoC data into the corresponding output message format for presentation. + +NOTE 1: In this release, the ACF is considered as CGP for AoCI purpose. The CGP is defined in TS 29.658 [209]. The terms ACF and CGP may change in the future as a result of possible addition of charging capabilities. + +NOTE 2: External tariff received in real time (according to TS 29.658 [209]) is not supported for AoCC service in this release. + +### 4.3.2 AoC interfaces + +AoC has the following interfaces: + +- Sh – for obtaining AoC-related subscription and formatting parameters from the HSS. +- ISC – for receiving RTTI from Auxiliary AoC Function (AACF) and for providing the AoC Information to the UE. +- Ro / Re – for obtaining Tariff and Cost Information; Ro shall be used for providing AoCC service and may be used for AoCI services. + +AACF can be embodied in external nodes such as: + +- Application Server +- Charging Determination Point (CDP) in a PSTN network +- SIP node in another IMS domain + +Figure 4.3.2.1 shows possible locations of AACF nodes interacting with IMS ACF. + +![Diagram of Logical AoC architecture with AACF showing various nodes and their connections via SIP, Diameter, and ISUP protocols.](e9d825d87c5f85c8dba0664eace96ef4_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the logical AoC architecture. At the center is the S-CSCF (Service Centralization and Control Function). Above it, the OCS (Online Charging System) is connected via a Diameter interface (blue line). The OCS is also connected to the ACF (Accounting Function), IMS-GWF (IMS Gateway Function), and SIP-AS (SIP Application Server) via Diameter interfaces. The ACF, IMS-GWF, and SIP-AS are connected to the S-CSCF via SIP interfaces (orange lines). The S-CSCF is connected to the 3rd party AS (Auxiliary Advice of Charge) via a SIP interface. The S-CSCF is also connected to the MGCF (Media Gateway Control Function) and IBCF (Interconnection Border Control Function) via SIP interfaces. The MGCF is connected to the PSTN Switch (PSTN Switch) via an ISUP interface (black line). The PSTN Switch contains the CDP (Charging Determination Point). The IBCF is connected to the SIP Node (SIP Node) via a SIP interface. A legend at the bottom left identifies the nodes: 'Auxiliary Advice of Charge' (grey box) and 'Internal Node' (yellow box). It also identifies the protocols: SIP (orange line), Diameter (blue line), and ISUP (black line). + +Diagram of Logical AoC architecture with AACF showing various nodes and their connections via SIP, Diameter, and ISUP protocols. + +Figure 4.3.2.1: Logical AoC architecture with AACF + +### 4.3.3 AoC interworking with other features + +#### 4.3.3.1 AoC and offline charging + +##### 4.3.3.1.1 Interworking for AoC service execution + +For scenarios where the ACF is interworking with the offline charging feature and the service obligatory type is AoCI estimating Cost and/or Tariff Information may be performed using any of the following methods: + +- Local determination using offline synchronization of tariff information - The ACF may synchronize out of band the tariff information from the charging domain. In this case, the ACF needs to have an independent rating function. +- Interactively via the CDF through Ro - ACF may obtain the tariff information interactively from the CDF. +- Interactively via the OCS through Ro - Offline subscribers can be perceived as online subscribers with unlimited balance (or very high balance that practically implies that). This approach enables the ACF to have unified flow of messages for offline and online subscribers in providing AoC Information. + +For scenarios where the ACF is interworking with the offline charging feature and the service obligatory type is AoCC determining Cost and/or Tariff Information shall be via the OCS through Ro. + +##### 4.3.3.1.2 AoC invocation recording + +When ACF is triggered on behalf of a service and results in the AoC Information delivered to the UE, this ACF may also generate AoC related Rf messages as described in clause 6.3.1.3. + +#### 4.3.3.2 AoC and online charging + +For scenarios where the ACF is interworking with the online charging feature and the service obligatory type is AoCI estimating Cost and/or Tariff Information may be performed using any of the following methods: + +- Local determination using offline synchronization of tariff information - The ACF may synchronize out of band the tariff information from the charging domain. In this case, the ACF needs to have an independent rating function. +- Interactively via the OCS through Ro. + +For scenarios where the ACF is interworking with the online charging feature and the service obligatory type is AoCC, determining Cost and/or Tariff Information shall be via the OCS through Ro. + +NOTE 1: The OCS has a rating function, performs correlations and calculates the costs. + +The OCS is responsible to determine the final cost of the service. Hence the OCS results shall be used for AoCC service (obtained through Ro). + +For calculating the actual Cost when the tariff / charge is determined by 3rd party, the OCS needs to obtain the 3rd party tariff / add-on charge in real time. The ACF is responsible for obtaining the tariff / charge information and translating it into the appropriate CCR in the Ro. The OCS may take further considerations as of the actual Cost (e.g. add on charges, discounts). + +NOTE 2: Therefore it is highly recommended that the ACF and the IMS-GW functions is unified at least for the online subscriptions. + +#### 4.3.3.3 AoC and RTTI + +The AoC service shall receive the Tariff or Cost provided in real time by the external network or service provider (e.g. interconnection scenarios or 3rd party services), according to TS 29.658 [209]. The AoC Information, provided to the UE, may take the provided information into consideration. + +NOTE: This feature is valid only for AoCI service in this release. + +# --- 5 AoC principles and flows + +## 5.1 Common charge advice principles + +AoC is a supplementary service which provides AoC Information to the UE in real-time. It may contain Cost and/or Tariff Information for the requested service and may be provided at the beginning, during or at the end of service execution. + +## 5.2 AoC in GSM networks (CAI description) + +The Charge Advice Information (CAI) is described in TS 22.024 [203], TS 22.086 [204], TS 23.086 [205] and TS 24.086 [206]. + +## 5.3 AoC in IMS + +### 5.3.1 Basic principles and definitions + +AoC uses the Diameter Credit-Control Application that is specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +AoC Information can be provided in two cases: + +- AoC Enquiry – An independent request with no Credit-Control implications; +- CCR - In conjunction with the Credit-Control requests IEC, ECUR, SCUR. + +In the ECUR & SCUR, the Advise of charge is supported as part of the *CC-Request-Type(s)* INITIAL\_REQUEST, UPDATE\_REQUEST and TERMINATION\_REQUEST. + +Both stage 2 and stage 3 mechanisms for the three cases for online charging are detailed in TS 32.299 [50]. + +### 5.3.2 Message flows and types for offline charging + +#### 5.3.2.0 Introduction + +The message flows in this clause are based on the signalling flows specified in TS 24.647 [208]. + +The basic IMS session establishment for a user registered to AoC service(s) is depicted in the annex B. This basic call-flow helps describing in the future the message flows for AoC-S, AoC-D, AoC-E and also including cases where information are received from RTTI messages. + +**Editor's Note:** The detailed AoC call-flows are FFS. + +#### 5.3.2.1 Successful session establishment: AoC-S with AoC Information in reliable 1xx response (originating side) + +Figure 5.3.2.1.1 shows the transactions for the successful delivery of the AoC Information in 1xx response to the originating subscriber during session establishment originated by a UE. + +![Sequence diagram for session establishment with AoC-S. Lifelines: ACF, CDF, OCS, HSS. The diagram shows the flow of messages from the UE through the ACF, CDF, OCS, and HSS, including INVITE, 183 Session progress, PRACK, 200OK, and various internal control messages like AoC Control and Charging Data Request.](a83ba9e3e2c1e21dd69953a7b09e45b4_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant ACF + participant CDF + participant OCS + participant HSS + + Note left of ACF: SIP Session established + UE->>ACF: 1. INVITE + ACF->>CDF: 2. AoC Control + Note right of CDF: 2a. User Data Request [AoC-Service-Type] + CDF->>HSS: 2a. User Data Request [AoC-Service-Type] + HSS-->>CDF: 2b. User Data Response [AoC-S] + Note right of CDF: 2c. Debit Units Request [Event: Price-Enquiry] + CDF->>OCS: 2c. Debit Units Request [Event: Price-Enquiry] + OCS-->>CDF: 2d. Debit Units Response [Tariff Information] + Note right of CDF: 3. 183 Session progress [Charging Information to UE] + ACF-->>UE: 3. 183 Session progress [Charging Information to UE] + UE-->>ACF: 4. PRACK + ACF-->>UE: 5. 200OK + UE->>ACF: 6. INVITE + ACF->>CDF: 6. INVITE + CDF->>HSS: 6. INVITE + HSS-->>CDF: 7. 200 OK + CDF-->>ACF: 7. 200 OK + ACF-->>UE: 7. 200 OK + Note right of ACF: 8. AoC Control + Note right of ACF: 8a. Debit Units Request + ACF->>OCS: 8a. Debit Units Request + OCS-->>ACF: 8b. Debit Units Response [Tariff Information] + Note right of ACF: 9. 200 OK [AoC Info] + ACF-->>UE: 9. 200 OK [AoC Info] + Note right of ACF: 10. Charging Data Request [Event: AoC-S, AoC Information] + ACF->>CDF: 10. Charging Data Request [Event: AoC-S, AoC Information] + Note right of CDF: 11. Generate CDR + CDF->>OCS: 12. Charging Data Response [Event] + Note right of ACF: More SIP signalling + Note left of ACF: SIP Session established + +``` + +Sequence diagram for session establishment with AoC-S. Lifelines: ACF, CDF, OCS, HSS. The diagram shows the flow of messages from the UE through the ACF, CDF, OCS, and HSS, including INVITE, 183 Session progress, PRACK, 200OK, and various internal control messages like AoC Control and Charging Data Request. + +**Figure 5.3.2.1.1: Message sequence chart for session establishment (1xx Response) with AoC-S** + +- Step 1: An initial SIP INVITE request is received in the S-CSCF. This request is forwarded to the ACF. +- Step 2: The ACF received the AoC Type = [AoC-S] and queries the OCS for Tariff Information. +- Step 3: The AoC-S information is included in SIP 183 response. +- Step 4: The UE acknowledges the SIP 183 with PRACK. +- Step 5: AoC Function responds with SIP 200 OK. + +- Step 6: The SIP INVITE request is received in the S-CSCF and forwards this request. +- Step 7: The S-CSCF receives the SIP 200 OK response and forwards this response. +- Step 8: The ACF queries the OCS and maps the Tariff Information into the AoC Information for further proceeding. +- Step 9: The ACF inserts the AoC-S and resulting "AoC information XML body" as defined in TS 24.647 [208], in the SIP 200 OK response, and the S-CSCF forwards it towards UE +- Step 10: The ACF sends a Charging Data Request with AoC service type and AoC Information indicating EVENT\_RECORD to the CDF. +- Step 11: The CDF generates the ACF-CDR to record the AoC service type and AoC Information. +- Step 12: The CDF acknowledges the reception of the Charging Data Response. + +#### 5.3.2.2 Mid-session procedure: AoC-S with AoC Information in an SIP INFO request + +Figure 5.3.2.2.1 shows the transactions for the successful delivery of the AoC Information to the originating subscriber when a tariff change is detected by AoC Function. + +NOTE: This case is relevant when AoC-S is activated. + +![Message sequence chart for mid-session procedure with AoC-S](8592a32c2fdf17c1e562f0ba6b7e8e1a_img.jpg) + +The diagram is a message sequence chart showing interactions between three entities: ACF, CDF, and OCS. A horizontal double-headed arrow at the top is labeled 'RTP media'. The sequence of messages is as follows: + +- The ACF sends a message '1. AoC Control' to the OCS. +- Inside this interaction, the ACF sends '1a. Debit Units Request' to the OCS, and the OCS responds with '1b. Debit Units Response[Tariff Information]'. +- The ACF then sends '2. INFO [AoC Info]' to the CDF. +- Next, the ACF sends '3. Charging Data Request[Event: AoC-S, AoC Information]' to the CDF. +- Upon receiving this, the CDF performs an internal action 'Generate CDR'. +- Finally, the CDF sends '5. Charging Data Response[Event]' back to the ACF. +- The ACF receives '4. 200OK' from an external source. + +Message sequence chart for mid-session procedure with AoC-S + +**Figure 5.3.2.2.1: Message sequence chart for mid-session procedure with AoC-S** + +- Step 1: The ACF detects that tariff is changed and queries the OCS for Tariff Information. +- Step 2: SIP INFO request is sent with AoC-S and resulting "AoC information XML body" as defined in TS 24.647 [208]. +- Step 3: The ACF sends a Charging Data Request with AoC service type and AoC Information indicating EVENT\_RECORD to the CDF. +- Step 4: SIP 200 OK is received. +- Step 5: The CDF acknowledges the reception of the Charging Data Response and generates the ACF-CDR. + +#### 5.3.2.3 Session release: AoC-E – originating party clears + +Figure 5.3.2.3.1 shows the transactions for the successful delivery of the AoC Information to the originating subscriber when session is released by originating party. + +NOTE: This case is relevant also when AoC-D is activated. + +![Message sequence chart for session release originating party clears](a734898ce18e972938949637c32a34f4_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant S-CSCF + participant ACF + participant CDF + participant OCS + + Note left of UE: 1. BYE + UE->>S-CSCF: 1. BYE + S-CSCF->>ACF: 1. BYE + Note right of ACF: 2. AoC Control + ACF->>OCS: 2a. Debit Units Request + OCS-->>ACF: 2b. Debit Units Response[Tariff Information] + Note right of S-CSCF: 3. 200 OK + S-CSCF-->>UE: 3. 200 OK + Note right of ACF: 4. AoC Control + ACF-->>S-CSCF: 5. 200 OK [AoC Info] + Note right of ACF: 6. Charging Data Request[Event: AoC-E, AoC Information] + ACF->>CDF: 6. Charging Data Request[Event: AoC-E, AoC Information] + Note right of CDF: 7. Generates CDR + CDF-->>ACF: 8. Charging Data Response[Event] +``` + +The sequence chart illustrates the interaction between the User Equipment (UE), S-CSCF, ACF, CDF, and OCS for session release. The process begins with the UE sending a SIP BYE message to the S-CSCF, which is then forwarded to the ACF. The ACF initiates an AoC Control procedure by sending a Debit Units Request to the OCS, which responds with Tariff Information. The S-CSCF receives a 200 OK response from the OCS and forwards it to the UE. The ACF then maps the Tariff Information into AoC Information and inserts it into a 200 OK response, which is forwarded by the S-CSCF to the UE. Finally, the ACF sends a Charging Data Request to the CDF, which generates a CDR and returns a response. + +Message sequence chart for session release originating party clears + +**Figure 5.3.2.3.1: Message sequence chart for session release originating party clears** + +- Step 1: A SIP session is released by sending a SIP BYE message. The S-CSCF forwards this message to the ACF and forwards this request. +- Step 2: The ACF received the AoC Type = [AoC-E] and queries the OCS for Tariff Information. +- Step 3: The S-CSCF receives the SIP 200 OK response and forwards this response. +- Step 4: The ACF maps the Tariff Information into the AoC Information for further proceeding. +- Step 5: The ACF inserts the AoC-S and resulting "AoC information XML body" as defined in TS 24.647 [208], in the SIP 200 OK response, and the S-CSCF forwards it towards UE + +- Step 6: The ACF sends a Charging Data Request with AoC service type and AoC Information indicating EVENT\_RECORD to the CDF. +- Step 7: The CDF generates the ACF-CDR to record the AoC service type and AoC Information. +- Step 8: The CDF acknowledges the reception of the Charging Data Response. + +#### 5.3.2.4 Session release: AoC-E – terminating party clears + +Figure 5.3.2.4.1 shows the transactions for the successful delivery of the AoC Information to the originating subscriber when session is released by terminating party. + +NOTE: This case is relevant also when AoC-D is activated. + +![Sequence diagram for Session Release Terminating Party Clears. Lifelines: ACF, CDF, OCS. The sequence starts with a SIP BYE message from an external source to the ACF. The ACF sends an AoC Control message to the OCS, which includes a Debit Units Request. The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response containing Tariff Information. The ACF then sends a SIP 200 OK response back to the external source. Next, the ACF sends an AoC Control message to the CDF. The CDF generates a CDR and sends a Charging Data Response back to the ACF. Finally, the ACF sends a Charging Data Request to the CDF, indicating the event as AoC-E and AoC Information.](4cc7cdce3d498d8b0ba033a9be24ade5_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant ACF + participant CDF + participant OCS + + External->>ACF: 1. BYE + activate ACF + ACF->>OCS: 2. AoC Control + activate OCS + OCS->>ACF: 2a. Debit Units Request + OCS-->>ACF: 2b. Debit Units Response[Tariff Information] + deactivate OCS + ACF->>External: 1. BYE + ACF->>External: 1. BYE + ACF->>CDF: 3. 200 OK + deactivate ACF + External->>ACF: 3. 200 OK + activate ACF + ACF->>CDF: 4. AoC Control + activate CDF + CDF->>CDF: 7. Generates CDR + CDF-->>ACF: 8. Charging Data Response[Event] + deactivate CDF + ACF->>CDF: 6. Charging Data Request[Event: AoC-E, AoC Information] + deactivate ACF + ACF->>External: 5. 200 OK [AoC Info] + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Session Release Terminating Party Clears. Lifelines: ACF, CDF, OCS. The sequence starts with a SIP BYE message from an external source to the ACF. The ACF sends an AoC Control message to the OCS, which includes a Debit Units Request. The OCS responds with a Debit Units Response containing Tariff Information. The ACF then sends a SIP 200 OK response back to the external source. Next, the ACF sends an AoC Control message to the CDF. The CDF generates a CDR and sends a Charging Data Response back to the ACF. Finally, the ACF sends a Charging Data Request to the CDF, indicating the event as AoC-E and AoC Information. + +**Figure 5.3.2.4.1: Message Sequence Chart for Session Release Terminating Party Clears** + +- Step 1: A SIP session is released by sending a SIP BYE message. The S-CSCF forwards this message to the AoC Function and forwards this request. +- Step 2: The AoC Function queries the OCS and converts the Tariff Information to AoC Information for AoC-E. +- Step 3: The S-CSCF receives the SIP 200 OK response and forwards this response. +- Step 4: The AoC Function maps the Tariff Information into the AoC Information for further proceeding +- Step 5: The ACF inserts the AoC-E and resulting "AoC information XML body" as defined in TS 24.647[208], in the SIP 200 OK response, and the S-CSCF forwards it towards UE. +- Step 6: The ACF sends a Charging Data Request with AoC service type and AoC Information indicating EVENT\_RECORD to the CDF. + +- Step 7: The CDF generates the ACF-CDR to record the AoC service type and AoC Information. +- Step 8: The CDF acknowledges the reception of the Charging Data Response. + +#### 5.3.2.5 AoC Function co-located with same AS providing the service + +#### 5.3.2.5.0 Introduction + +The following flows show the transactions between an MMTel AS embedding the AoC Function for providing AoC as a MMTel supplementary service as defined in TS 22.173 [201]. + +##### 5.3.2.5.1 Successful session establishment: AoC-S (originating side) + +Figure 5.3.2.5.1.1 shows the transactions for the successful delivery of the AoC Information to the originating subscriber during session establishment for MMTel service originated by a UE. + +![Sequence diagram showing successful session establishment for AoC-S (originating side).](6f31cdb576d2f15c35c3f266e5f59211_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant MMTEL AS (ACF) + participant CDF + participant OCS + participant HSS + + Note left of UE: UE originates session + UE->>MMTEL AS (ACF): 1. INVITE + MMTEL AS (ACF)->>CDF: 2 AoC Control + MMTEL AS (ACF)-->>UE: 3. 183 Session progress [AoC Info] + UE-->>MMTEL AS (ACF): 4. PRACK + MMTEL AS (ACF)-->>UE: 5. 200OK + UE->>MMTEL AS (ACF): 6. INVITE + MMTEL AS (ACF)->>HSS: 6. INVITE + HSS-->>MMTEL AS (ACF): 7. 200 OK + MMTEL AS (ACF)-->>UE: 7. 200 OK + MMTEL AS (ACF)->>OCS: 8. AoC Control + MMTEL AS (ACF)-->>UE: 9. 200 OK [AoC Info] + MMTEL AS (ACF)->>CDF: 10. Charging Data Request[Start: AoC-S, AoC Information] + Note right of CDF: 11. Generate CDR + CDF-->>MMTEL AS (ACF): 12. Charging Data Response[Start] + Note left of UE: More SIP signalling + Note right of HSS: More SIP signalling + Note bottom: SIP Session established +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the successful session establishment for AoC-S (originating side). The participants involved are UE, MMTEL AS (ACF), CDF, OCS, and HSS. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. INVITE from UE to MMTEL AS (ACF); 2. AoC Control from MMTEL AS (ACF) to CDF; 3. 183 Session progress [AoC Info] from MMTEL AS (ACF) to UE; 4. PRACK from UE to MMTEL AS (ACF); 5. 200OK from MMTEL AS (ACF) to UE; 6. INVITE from UE to MMTEL AS (ACF); 6. INVITE from MMTEL AS (ACF) to HSS; 7. 200 OK from HSS to MMTEL AS (ACF); 7. 200 OK from MMTEL AS (ACF) to UE; 8. AoC Control from MMTEL AS (ACF) to OCS; 9. 200 OK [AoC Info] from MMTEL AS (ACF) to UE; 10. Charging Data Request[Start: AoC-S, AoC Information] from MMTEL AS (ACF) to CDF; 11. Generate CDR (internal to CDF); 12. Charging Data Response[Start] from CDF to MMTEL AS (ACF). A section labeled 'More SIP signalling' is shown between the UE and HSS. The final state is 'SIP Session established'. + +Sequence diagram showing successful session establishment for AoC-S (originating side). + +**Figure 5.3.2.5.1.1: Message sequence chart for session establishment with AoC-S for MMTel service.** + +- Step 1: An initial SIP Invite Request is received in the S-CSCF. This request is forwarded to the MMTel AS embedding also ACF. +- Step 2: The ACF received the AoC Type = [AoC-S] and queries the OCS for Tariff Information for MMTel service. +- Step 3: The AoC-S "AoC information XML body" as defined in TS 24.647[208], is included in SIP 183 response. +- Step 4: The UE acknowledges the SIP 183 with PRACK. +- Step 5: AoC Function responds with SIP 200OK. +- Step 6: The SIP Invite Request is received in the S-CSCF and forwards this request. +- Step 7: The S-CSCF receives the SIP 200 OK response and forwards this response. +- Step 8: The AoC Function queries the OCS for the Tariff Information for MMTel service +- Step 9: The ACF inserts the AoC-S and resulting "AoC information XML body" as defined in TS 24.647 [208], in the SIP 200 OK response, and the S-CSCF forwards it towards UE +- Step 10: The MMTel AS sends a Charging Data Request indicating START to the CDF, for the start of MMTel service, and includes AoC-S and AoC Information supplementary service. +- Step 11: The CDF generates the MMTel-CDR recording also the AoC-S and AoC Information. +- Step 12: The CDF acknowledges the reception of the Charging Data Response. + +##### 5.3.2.5.2 AOC-D for serving party in SIP INFO request + +The following figure 5.3.2.5.2.1 shows the transactions for AoC-D delivery to the serving subscriber, when a tariff change is detected by ACF during MMTel service. + +![Sequence diagram for AoC-D delivery to the serving party. Lifelines: MMTel AS (ACF), CDF, and OCS. The diagram shows five steps: 1. AoC Control from ACF to OCS; 2. INFO [AoC Info] from ACF to the left; 3. Charging Data Request from ACF to CDF; 4. 200OK from the left to ACF; 5. Charging Data Response from CDF to ACF. A box labeled 'Updates CDR' is shown between steps 3 and 5. A large double-headed arrow at the top is labeled 'RTP media'.](a0739aaf13fa5a632d4faa830f6b2708_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant ACF as MMTel AS (ACF) + participant CDF + participant OCS + Note left of ACF: RTP media + ACF->>OCS: 1. AoC Control + ACF-->>Left: 2. INFO [AoC Info] + ACF->>CDF: 3. Charging Data Request[Interim: AoC-D, AoC Information] + Note right of CDF: Updates CDR + Left-->>ACF: 4. 200OK + CDF-->>ACF: 5. Charging Data Response[Interim] +``` + +Sequence diagram for AoC-D delivery to the serving party. Lifelines: MMTel AS (ACF), CDF, and OCS. The diagram shows five steps: 1. AoC Control from ACF to OCS; 2. INFO [AoC Info] from ACF to the left; 3. Charging Data Request from ACF to CDF; 4. 200OK from the left to ACF; 5. Charging Data Response from CDF to ACF. A box labeled 'Updates CDR' is shown between steps 3 and 5. A large double-headed arrow at the top is labeled 'RTP media'. + +**Figure 5.3.2.5.2.1: Message sequence chart for AoC-D to serving party** + +- Step 1: The ACF detects that tariff is changed for MMTel service and queries the OCS for Tariff Information. +- Step 2: SIP INFO request is sent with AoC-S and resulting "AoC information XML body" as defined in TS 24.647 [208]. +- Step 3: The MMTel AS sends a Charging Data Request indicating INTERIM\_RECORD to the CDF and includes AoC-D and AoC Information as supplementary service. +- Step 4: SIP 200OK is received. +- Step 5: The CDF acknowledges the reception of the Charging Data Response and updates the MMTel-CDR with AoC-D and AoC Information. + +##### 5.3.2.5.3 Session release: AoC-E – serving party clears + +Figure 5.3.2.5.3.1 shows the transactions for delivery of the AoC-E to the serving subscriber when it releases MMTel service. + +![Sequence diagram for AoC-E when serving party clears](e821c3d8a87ee2a9ff6b8644ffe6bdae_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant S-CSCF + participant MMTEL_AS as MMTEL AS (ACF) + participant CDF + participant OCS + + Note left of UE: 1. BYE + UE->>S-CSCF: 1. BYE + S-CSCF->>MMTEL_AS: 1. BYE + Note right of MMTEL_AS: 2. AoC Control + MMTEL_AS->>OCS: 2. AoC Control + OCS-->>S-CSCF: 3. 200 OK + S-CSCF-->>UE: 3. 200 OK + Note right of MMTEL_AS: 4. AoC Control + MMTEL_AS->>CDF: 4. AoC Control + Note right of MMTEL_AS: 5. 200 OK [AoC Info] + MMTEL_AS-->>S-CSCF: 5. 200 OK [AoC Info] + S-CSCF-->>UE: 5. 200 OK [AoC Info] + Note right of MMTEL_AS: 6. Charging Data Request[Stop: AoC-E, AoC Information] + MMTEL_AS->>CDF: 6. Charging Data Request[Stop: AoC-E, AoC Information] + Note right of CDF: 7. Closes CDR + CDF-->>MMTEL_AS: 8. Charging Data Response[Stop] + MMTEL_AS-->>S-CSCF: 8. Charging Data Response[Stop] + S-CSCF-->>UE: 8. Charging Data Response[Stop] +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interaction between the UE, S-CSCF, MMTEL AS (ACF), CDF, and OCS for session release and AoC-E delivery. The process starts with a SIP BYE message from the UE, forwarded by the S-CSCF to the MMTEL AS. The MMTEL AS then sends an AoC Control message to the OCS. The OCS responds with a 200 OK, which is forwarded by the S-CSCF to the UE. The MMTEL AS then sends an AoC Control message to the CDF. The CDF responds with a 200 OK containing AoC Information, which is forwarded by the S-CSCF to the UE. The MMTEL AS then sends a Charging Data Request (Stop: AoC-E, AoC Information) to the CDF. The CDF closes the CDR and responds with a Charging Data Response (Stop), which is forwarded by the S-CSCF to the UE. + +Sequence diagram for AoC-E when serving party clears + +**Figure 5.3.2.5.3.1: Message sequence chart for AoC-E when serving party clears** + +- Step 1: A SIP session is released by sending a SIP BYE message. The S-CSCF forwards this message to the MMTEL AS and forwards this request. +- Step 2: The ACF queries the OCS for Tariff Information in order to perform AoC-E for MMTel service. +- Step 3: The S-CSCF receives the 200 OK response and forwards this response. +- Step 4: The AoC Function maps the Tariff Information into the AoC Information for further proceeding. +- Step 5: The ACF inserts the AoC-S and resulting "AoC information XML body" as defined in TS 24.647 [208], in the SIP 200 OK response, and the S-CSCF forwards it towards UE +- Step 6: The MMTEL AS sends a Charging Data Request indicating STOP\_RECORD to the CDF and includes AoC-E and AoC Information as supplementary service. + +- Step 7: The CDF closes the MMTel-CDR with AoC-E and AoC Information included. +- Step 8: The CDF acknowledges the reception of the Charging Data Response. + +## 5.4 AoC in Inter-connected + +### 5.4.1 Principles + +In case of interconnection scenarios or 3rd Party Services, the AoC service may be based on RTTI provided by the external network or service provider, as described in clause 4.3.3.3. + +### 5.4.2 Scenarios + +AoC Use cases based on RTTI are described in Annex A.1.2 and A.1.3. + +### 5.4.3 Message flows + +RTTI related signalling flows are described in TS 29.658 [209]. + +## 5.5 AoC support for PSTN/ISDN Emulation + +The IMS based PSTN/ISDN Emulation Sub-system (PES) as defined in ETSI TS 182 012 [212] supports the emulation of PSTN/ISDN services for analogue/ISDN terminals connected to the NGN through residential gateways or access gateways. The Voice over IP Gateway (VGW) is a SIP-based gateway device that connects legacy equipment to the NGN. It plays the role of an IMS UE with regards to the P-CSCF. The Access Gateway Control Function (AGCF) is a SIP-based media gateway controller, which plays the combined role of an IMS UE and a P-CSCF with regards to the S-CSCF. + +NOTE: This paragraph provides background information for AoC support for PES. +The normative definitions of PES are provided by ETSI TS 183 043 [213]. + +In order to support the emulation of AoC service for analogue terminals, the AoC Information is transferred to a VGW or an AGCF according to the AoC Extended XML schema defined in ETSI TS 183 043 [213]. +The AoC Extended XML schema contains the following additional AoC Information elements: 'pes\_aoc\_s\_phase\_duration' and 'pes transitioning behaviour'. + +The decision which "AoC information XML body" is applicable depends on signalling information. Further details, as well as general rules how to populate the AoC Extended XML parameters are defined in ETSI TS 183 043 [213]. + +For ISDN terminals, the AoC emulation is based on TS 24.647 [208]. + +# 6 Definition of AoC Information + +## 6.0 General + +The following clauses describe an overall AoC Information model that enables the modelling of the various data flowing to and from the AoC Function (ACF). The model is followed by a data structure to be used in the Ro and the Rf reference points. Suggested data mapping to the model is provided in the informative Annex B. + +## 6.1 AoC Information model principles + +The AoC Information model is a logical representation of the AoC data internal to the AoC Function (ACF). + +The AoC Information model has to adhere to the following principles: + +- CAI element mapping ability – The model shall allow the mapping of CAI elements into AoC tariff (according to TS 22.024 [203]). +- UE AoC data mapping ability - The AoC Information model shall allow the mapping of AoC into UE format (according to TS 24.647 [208]) respectively ETSI TS 183 043 [213] according to Annex C2) +- NNI data mapping ability – Be able to map incoming RTTI (according to TS 29.658 [209]) into the AoC Information model +- Diameter protocol data mapping ability – The ability to map Diameter based requests / responses (in TS 32.299 [50]) to the AoC Information model. i.e.: + - Input: Service ID - The model shall allow the charging domain selecting tariffs based on the Service ID for offline and online charging. + - Input: Service Units – The model shall allow representing tariffs based on all different unit types (monetary and non-monetary) of Requested Requested-Service-Units for online charging. + - Output: Cost Information – The model shall allow representing determined charges by the charging Domain in Cost Information for offline and online charging. + - Output: Ro data mapping ability – Be able to map information by the charging domain into the AoC Information model. +- Inter Operator Tariff schemes support – The AoC Information model shall support inter operators tariffs (based on TS 22.115 [101]); i.e. absolute add on charges and relative add on charges. +- AoC types – accommodate all AoC service types and AoC service obligatory type data. + +## 6.2 AoC Information model + +The AoC Information heading denotes the AoC obligatory type. + +AoC Information comprises of two parts: + +- the Cost Information e.g. AoC related accumulated and/or incremental cost; +- the Tariff Information for the requested service to be applied onward. A tariff switch time can occur. The tariff in effect after the switch time can be added to the model. + +Figure 6.2.1 depicts the AoC Information model. + +The Tariff Information contains the current Tariff and may optionally denote the anticipated Tariff after a Tariff Switch Time. + +The Tariff Information may be related to a tariff given by a 3rd party provider. The Tariff may add additional tariff, change currency or place a mark-up (or discount) on top of the 3rd party provider Tariff. Thus Tariff Information can be chained numerous of times, based on the business value chain. + +Each Tariff defines a Currency Code for monetary tariffs or none when the tariff is metered in non monetary units. + +A Tariff may be defined by using multi dimensional rating elements. Each dimension is identified through the Unit Type. Any combination of rating elements can be provided. If a tariff is a mark-up on top of a 3rd party provider tariff no rating elements are provided in the tariff information model. + +Each rating element is comprised of the Unit Type that describes the units to be measured, the number of units (Unit Value), what is the Cost (Cost Value) associated of consuming this number of units and for how many units this rate is applicable (Unit Threshold). Chaining rating elements of the same dimension is possible, as long as a Unit Threshold is provided. The last rating element in the chain may be provided without a Unit Threshold. A rating element without a Unit Threshold denotes that the rate is applicable as long as the Tariff is in effect. + +![UML Class Diagram: AoC Information model](7d2d1d3870cd224c4430d19334557716_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class AoC_Service { + -AoC_Service_Type + -AoC_Service_Obligatory_Type + } + class AoC_Information { + -Preferred_AoC_Currency + -AoC_Format + } + class Cost_Information { + -Accumulated_Cost + -Incremental_Cost + -Currency_Code + } + class Tariff_Information { + -Vendor_ID + -Service_ID + -Tariff_Switch_Time + } + class Tariff { + -Currency_Code + -Scale_Factor + } + class Rating_Element { + -Unit_Type + -Charge_Reason_Code + -Unit_Value + -Cost_Value + -Unit_Threshold + } + + AoC_Service "1..3" --> "1" AoC_Information + AoC_Information "1" --> "1" Cost_Information + Tariff_Information "1" --> "1" Tariff : -Current_Tariff + Tariff_Information "1" --> "0..1" Tariff : -Next_Tariff + Tariff "1" --> "0..*" Rating_Element + Tariff_Information "1" --> "0..1" Tariff_Information : -Inter_Operator_Tariff +``` + +The diagram illustrates the AoC Information model with the following classes and relationships: + +- AoC\_Service** (Attributes: -AoC\_Service\_Type, -AoC\_Service\_Obligatory\_Type) has a 1..3 relationship with **AoC\_Information** (1). +- AoC\_Information** (Attributes: -Preferred\_AoC\_Currency, -AoC\_Format) has a 1 relationship with **Cost\_Information** (1). +- Tariff\_Information** (Attributes: -Vendor\_ID, -Service\_ID, -Tariff\_Switch\_Time) has a 1 relationship with **Tariff** (1) labeled -Current\_Tariff. +- Tariff\_Information** (1) has a 0..1 relationship with **Tariff** (1) labeled -Next\_Tariff. +- Tariff** (Attributes: -Currency\_Code, -Scale\_Factor) has a 1 relationship with **Rating\_Element** (0..\*). +- Tariff\_Information** (1) has a 0..1 relationship with **Tariff\_Information** (1) labeled -Inter\_Operator\_Tariff. + +UML Class Diagram: AoC Information model + +Figure 6.2.1: AoC Information model + +## 6.3 AoC data definition + +### 6.3.1 Diameter message contents + +#### 6.3.1.1 Summary of AoC message formats + +The AoC Service uses the Credit-Control-Request (CCR) and Credit-Control-Answer (CCA) messages defined in TS 32.299 [50]. AoC service can be used in a request type price enquiry or complementary to regular CCR as described in clause 5.3.1. + +Table 6.3.1.1.1 describes the use of these messages for AoC. + +**Table 6.3.1.1.1: AoC messages reference table** + +| Command-Name | Source | Destination | Abbreviation | +|------------------------|--------|-------------|--------------| +| Credit-Control-Request | ACF | OCS | CCR | +| Credit-Control-Answer | OCS | ACF | CCA | + +#### 6.3.1.2 Structure for the Credit-Control message formats + +##### 6.3.1.2.0 General + +This clause describes the AVPs used in the Credit-Control messages. + +##### 6.3.1.2.1 Credit-Control-Request (CCR) message + +Table 6.3.1.2.1.1 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter CCR message from the ACF as used for AoC service. + +**Table 6.3.1.2.1.1: Credit-Control-Request (CCR) message content** + +| AVP | Category | Description | +|----------------------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Session-Id | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Origin-Host | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Origin-Realm | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Destination-Realm | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Auth-Application-Id | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Service-Context-Id | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| CC-Request-Type | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50]. | +| CC-Request-Number | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Destination-Host | O C | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| User-Name | O M | The field contains the Private User Identity described in IETF RFC 2486 [400] | +| Origin-State-Id | O C | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Event-Timestamp | O C | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Subscription-Id | O M | This field contains the identification of the subscriber (i.e. MSISDN or SIP-URI) that uses the requested service. | +| User-Equipment-Info | O C | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Termination-Cause | O C | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Requested-Action | O C | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| AoC-Request-Type | O M | This field denotes if AoC Information is requested and what type of information is needed. | +| Multiple-Services-Indicator | O M | Described in TS 32.299 [50], only used if AoC services is used together with an online charging session. | +| Multiple-Services-Credit-Control | O C | Described in TS 32.299 [50], only used if AoC services is used together with an online charging session. | +| Route-Record | O C | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| AVP | O C | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Service-Information | O M | Described in clause 6.3.2 | + +The full description of the AVPs is specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +##### 6.3.1.2.2 Credit-Control-Answer (CCA) message + +Table 6.3.1.2.2.1 illustrates the basic structure of a DCCA message as used for the ACF. This message is always used by the OCS as specified below, independent of the receiving ACF and the CCR request type that is being replied to. Service Information is used to send back the AoC Information. + +**Table 6.3.1.2.2.1: Credit-Control-Answer (CCA) message content** + +| AVP | Category | Description | +|----------------------------------|----------------|-----------------------------| +| Session-Id | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Result-Code | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Origin-Host | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Origin-Realm | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Auth-Application-Id | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| CC-Request-Type | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| CC-Request-Number | M | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Multiple-Services-Credit-Control | O c | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| CC-Session-Failover | O c | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Credit-Control-Failure-Handling | O c | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Redirect-Host | O c | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Redirect-Host-Usage | O c | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Redirect-Max-Cache-Time | O c | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Failed-AVP | O c | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Route-Record | O c | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| Service-Information | O m | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | +| AVP | O c | Described in TS 32.299 [50] | + +#### 6.3.1.3 Rf message content related to AoC service + +##### 6.3.1.3.0 Introduction + +The ACF generates charging data transferred to the CDF using the Diameter accounting application, as described in the TS 32.299 [50]. + +The *Charging Data Request* and *Charging Data Response* are used for this ACF Charging data transfer. + +##### 6.3.1.3.1 Charging Data Request message + +Table 6.3.1.3.1.1 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter *Charging Data Request* message as used for ACF Charging data transfer. + +**Table 6.3.1.3.1.1: Charging Data Request message content** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|-----------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Session Identifier | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Originator Host | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Originator Domain | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Destination Domain | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Operation Type | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Operation Number | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Operation Identifier | O M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| User Name | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Destination Host | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Operation Interval | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Origination State | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Origination Timestamp | O C | This field contains the time when the operation is requested. | +| Proxy Information | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Route Information | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Operation Token | O M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Service Information | O M | This field holds the 3GPP specific AoC Information and is described in clause 6.3.2 | + +##### 6.3.1.3.2 Charging Data Response message + +Table 6.3.1.3.2.1 illustrates the basic structure of a Diameter *Charging Data Response* message as used for ACF Charging data transfer. + +**Table 6.3.1.3.2.1: Charging Data Response message content** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|-----------------------|----------------|--------------------------| +| Session Identifier | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Operation Result | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Originator Host | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Originator Domain | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Operation Type | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Operation Number | M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Operation Identifier | O M | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| User Name | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Operation Interval | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Origination State | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Origination Timestamp | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | +| Proxy Information | O C | Described in 32.299 [50] | + +### 6.3.2 Definition of Service Information + +**Table 6.3.2.1.1: Service Information structure** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|---------------------------|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Service Information | O C | This is a structured field and holds the 3GPP specific parameter for AoC service. | +| IMS Information | O C | Described in TS 32.260 [20] | +| Inter-Operator-Identifier | O C | Described in TS 32.260 [20] | +| Originating IOI | O C | Described in TS 32.260 [20] | +| Service ID | O C | Used to identify the third party service | +| AoC Information | O C | Described in clause 6.3.3 | + +### 6.3.3 Definition of AoC Information + +#### 6.3.3.0 General + +The AoC Information parameter used for AoC is provided in the Service Information parameter. + +#### 6.3.3.1 AoC Information assignment for Service Information + +The components in the Service Information that are use for AoC can be found in table 6.3.2.1.1. + +**Table 6.3.3.1.1: AoC Information structure** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|------------------------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| AoC Information | O C | This is a structured field and holds the 3GPP specific parameter for AoC service. | +| Tariff Information | O C | This is a structured field and holds the Tariff specific parameters.
The details are defined in clause 6.3.2.2. It can chain inter operator tariff. | +| AoC Cost Information | O C | This is a structured field and holds the AoC cost specific parameters.
The details are defined in clause 6.3.2.3. | +| AoC Subscription Information | O C | Used by the AoC functions to inform the OCS about the AoC Subscription and Formatting parameters received from the HSS.
When used by ACF for Charging data transfer as described in clause 6.3.1.3, only "AoC service" is present. | + +#### 6.3.3.2 Definition of the Tariff Information + +Tariff information is provided within the AoC Information. + +The detailed structure of the Tariff Information can be found in the table 6.3.3.2.1. + +**Table 6.3.3.2.1: Tariff Information structure** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|---------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Tariff Information | O C | This is a grouped field with one of many tariffs | +| Current Tariff | M | Tariff as defined in table 6.3.2.2-2 for the current time period. | +| Tariff Time Change | O C | The tariffs switch time. | +| Next Tariff | O C | Tariff as defined in table 6.3.2.2-2 for the next time period. | + +The detailed structure of a Tariff can be found in the table 6.3.3.2-2. + +**Table 6.3.3.2.2: Tariff structure** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|----------------------|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Tariff | O C | This is a grouped field with one of many tariffs | +| Currency Code | O C | Omitted if non-monetary units is used | +| Scale Factor | O C | A scaling factor on the whole calculation.
Could be used for example between HPLMN and VPLMN. | +| Value Digits | O M | | +| Exponent | O C | | +| Rate Element | O C | Group of Cost per unit values of unit type. | +| Charge Reason Code | O C | Indicates a specific charge type e.g. Usage, AddOn Charge, Set-Up-Charge or Communication-Attempt-Charge | +| Unit Type | O M | The measuring unit; e.g. time, uplink volume, special service units | +| Unit Value | O M | The number of consumed units that incur the charge. | +| Value Digits | O M | | +| Exponent | O C | | +| Unit Cost | O M | The associated Cost (in currency code) to be charged per Unit_value | +| Value Digits | O M | | +| Exponent | O C | | +| Unit Quota Threshold | O C | An upper limit for consumed units where the rate is still valid | + +For example: + +1. A rate of 20c for each Megabyte (total volume) up to 10 Megabyte is depicted as Unit type - TOTAL-OCTETS, Unit Value - 1,048,576, Cost – 20 and Unit threshold - 10,485,760. +2. A rate of 30c per 60s : Cost\_Value = 30, Unit\_Value =60 assuming appropriate settings for currency and unit\_type. + +#### 6.3.3.3 Definition of AoC Cost Information + +Cost information is provided within the AoC Cost Information. + +The AoC Cost Information is only used in CCA and Charging Data Request. + +The detailed structure of the AoC Cost Information can be found in the table 6.3.3.3.1. + +**Table 6.3.3.3.1: Structure of AoC Cost Information** + +| Information Element | Category | Description | +|---------------------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| Accumulated_Cost | Oc | The ammount charged since the beginning of the session | +| Value_Digits | OM | | +| Exponent | Oc | | +| Incremental_Cost | Oc | The ammount charged since the last report. | +| Value_Digits | OM | | +| Exponent | Oc | | +| Currency_Code | Oc | Ommited if the ammount is in non-monetary units units | + +## 6.4 AoC subscription and formatting parameters + +AoC-related subscription and formatting parameters are stored in the HSS and retrieved via Sh (see TS 29.364 [211]). + +There are two sets of parameters retrieved from the HSS: + +- Subscription based – general parameters pertaining the service registered per subscriber +- Formatting based – UE presentation preferences parameters + +The subscription parameters are listed in table 6.4.1. The formatting parameters are listed in table 6.4.2. + +**Table 6.4.1: AoC subscription parameters** + +| Information Element | Description | Values | +|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| AoC Service | A paired list of AoC Service type and AoC Service obligatory type | | +| AoC service type | Defines the type of AoC information to be provided to the subscriber. | AoC-S
AoC-D
AoC-E
None | +| AoC service obligatory type | Defines whether AoC information is binding or non binding. | AoC for Information (AoCI)
AoC for Charging (AoCC) | +| Preferred AoC currency | Defines the currency preferred by the subscriber | Currency | + +**Table 6.4.2: AoC format parameter** + +| Information Element | Description | Values | +|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| AoC format | Defines the format of the AoC information sent to the UE. | Monetary charging Information Element
Non-monetary charging Information Element
Charge Advice Information (CAI) | + +The following additional rules are applicable for AoC: + +- Any combination of AoC service obligatory types and the AoC service types may co-exist. + +# --- Annex A (informative): AoC use cases + +## A.0 General + +The following use cases detail a set of call scenarios that employ AoC services. The AoC services used are of type AoC-S, AoC-D and AoC-E. The use cases cover the AoC-S, AoC-D and AoC-E AoC service types and are applicable to either AoCI or AoCC service obligatory types. + +## --- A.1 Call scenarios with AoC Information provided at the beginning and/or during and/or at the end of the call + +### A.1.1 Outgoing call with Tariff provided by the charging domain at the start of the call + +| | | +|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Actors: | Alan and Brendan are telecoms subscribers. Alan is an IMS subscriber with AoC service(s). | +| Description: | Tariff information is provided to Alan at the start of the call. | +| Preconditions: | AoC-related subscription status and user profile for Alan are stored in the HSS. | +| Post conditions: | Alan is ready to proceed with his call after receiving the tariff information applicable to the call. | +| Normal Flow: |
  • Alan initiates an IMS session to call Brendan
  • The tariff for the call is sent to Alan at the beginning of the call
  • Alan receives the AoC Information on his UE
| +| Alternative Flows: | | +| Assumptions: | The charging domain (online or offline) has the tariff for this call. | +| Notes and Issues: | | + +### A.1.2 Outgoing call with Tariff provided by a remote network (PSTN or IMS) or a 3rd party service provider (AS) at the start of the call + +| | | +|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Actors: | Alan and Brendan are telecoms subscribers. Alan is an IMS subscriber with AoC service(s). | +| Description: | Tariff information is provided to Alan at the start of the call. | +| Preconditions: | AoC-related subscription status and user profile for Alan are stored in the HSS. | +| Post conditions: | Alan is ready to proceed with his call after receiving the tariff information applicable (from the remote network or 3 rd party service provider ) to the call. | +| Normal Flow: |
  • Alan initiates an IMS session to call Brendan
  • The tariff for the call is sent to Alan at the beginning of the call
  • Alan receives the AoC Information on his UE
| +| Alternative Flows: | | +| Assumptions: | The tariff for this call is not available in the charging domain (online or offline). Tariff information can be transferred in real-time from the remote network or 3 rd party service provider. | +| Notes and Issues: | | + +### A.1.3 Outgoing call with Tariff provided by the charging domain in addition to an add-on charge received from the remote network (PSTN or IMS) or from a 3rd party service provider (AS) + +| | | +|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Actors: | Alan and Brendan are telecoms subscribers. Alan is an IMS subscriber with AoC service(s). | +| Description: | Tariff information incorporating an add-on charge from an external source is provided to Alan at the start/during of the call. | +| Preconditions: | AoC-related subscription status and user profile for Alan are stored in the HSS. | +| Post conditions: | Alan is ready to proceed/continue with his call after receiving the tariff information applicable to the call. | +| Normal Flow: |
  • Alan initiates an IMS session to call Brendan
  • The tariff for the call is sent to Alan at the beginning of the call
  • Alan receives the AoC Information on his UE including the add-on charge from the remote network (PSTN or IMS) or from a 3rd party service provider.
| +| Alternative Flows: |
  • An IMS session between Alan and Brendan is proceeding
  • The tariff for the call is sent to Alan during the call
  • Alan receives the AoC Information on his UE including the add-on charge from the remote network (PSTN or IMS) or from a 3rd party service provider.
| +| Assumptions: | The charging domain (online or offline) has the tariff for this call. Add-on charges can be transferred in real-time for the remote network or 3 rd party service provider. | +| Notes and Issues: | | + +### A.1.4 Outgoing call with Tariff change provided by the charging domain during an on-going call + +| | | +|--------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Actors: | Alan and Brendan are telecoms subscribers. Alan is an IMS subscriber with AoC service(s). | +| Description: | Tariff information is provided to Alan when there is a tariff switch during a call. | +| Preconditions: | AoC-related subscription status and user profile for Alan are stored in the HSS.
There is an on-going call between Alan and Brendan. | +| Post conditions: | Alan is ready to continue his call with Brendan after receiving the updated tariff information that is now applicable to the call. | +| Normal Flow: |
  • Alan initiates an IMS session to call Brendan.
  • A tariff switch relevant to this call occurs.
  • The new tariff for the call is sent to Alan.
  • Alan receives the updated tariff information on his UE.
| +| Alternative Flows: | | +| Assumptions: | The charging domain (online or offline) has the tariff for this call. | +| Notes and Issues: | | + +### A.1.5 Outgoing call with regular Cost updates provided by the charging domain during an on-going call + +| | | +|--------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Actors: | Alan and Brendan are telecoms subscribers. Alan is an IMS subscriber with AoC service(s). | +| Description: | Cost information is provided to Alan at regulated periods during a call. | +| Preconditions: | AoC-related subscription status and user profile for Alan are stored in the HSS.
There is an on-going call between Alan and Brendan. | +| Post conditions: | Alan is ready to continue his call with Brendan after receiving the accumulated cost information that is now applicable to the on-going call. | +| Normal Flow: |
  • Alan initiates an IMS session to call Brendan.
  • The duration of the call exceeds a predefined marker.
  • The accumulated cost for the call to date is sent to Alan.
  • Alan receives the updated cost information on his UE.
| +| Alternative Flows: | | +| Assumptions: | The charging domain can determine the accumulated costs for this call in real-time. | +| Notes and Issues: | | + +### A.1.6 Outgoing call with Cost summary provided at the end of the call + +| | | +|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Actors: | Alan and Brendan are telecoms subscribers. Alan is an IMS subscriber with AoC service(s). | +| Description: | Cost information is provided to Alan at the end of a call. | +| Preconditions: | AoC-related subscription status and user profile for Alan are stored in the HSS.
There is an on-going call between Alan and Brendan. | +| Post conditions: | Alan has completed his call with Brendan and receives the accumulated cost information that is now applicable to the preceding call. | +| Normal Flow: |
  • Alan terminates an IMS session for a call to Brendan.
  • The accumulated costs for the call are sent to Alan.
  • Alan receives the cost information on his UE.
| +| Alternative Flows: | | +| Assumptions: | The charging domain can determine the accumulated costs for this call in real-time. | +| Notes and Issues: | | + +### A.1.7 Incoming call with Tariff provided by the charging domain at the start of the call + +| | | +|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Actors: | Alan and Brendan are telecoms subscribers. Brendan is an IMS subscriber with AoC service(s). | +| Description: | Tariff information is provided to Brendan at the start of the call. | +| Preconditions: | AoC-related subscription status and user profile for Brendan are stored in the HSS. | +| Post conditions: | Brendan is ready to proceed with his call from Alan after receiving the tariff information applicable to the call. | +| Normal Flow: |
  • Alan initiates an IMS session to call Brendan
  • The tariff for the call is sent to Brendan at the beginning of the call
  • Brendan receives the AoC Information on his UE
| +| Alternative Flows: | | +| Assumptions: | The charging domain (online or offline) has the tariff for this call. There are business rules that determine that Brendan is the charged party for this call. | +| Notes and Issues: | | + +# Annex B (informative): Message flow for basic IMS session establishment and interaction with online charging + +This annex describes the basic IMS session establishment for a user registered for AoC service(s) and the interaction with online charging when an AS or the IMS GWF handles Credit-Control. + +Figure B.1 shows a basic IMS session establishment when an AS or the IMS GWF controls online charging. + +![Sequence diagram showing SIP message flow between S-CSCF, AoC function, IMS GWF / AS, and OCS for session establishment and charging.](107da2e3495b2f24352c9e3b26ec4841_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant S-CSCF + participant AoC function + participant IMS GWF / AS + participant OCS + + Note left of S-CSCF: 1. INVITE + S-CSCF->>AoC function: 2. INVITE + AoC function->>OCS: 3. CCR (AoC Enquiry) + Note right of OCS: AoC enquiry + OCS->>AoC function: 4. CCA + AoC function->>S-CSCF: 5. Session Progress [AoC Information] + S-CSCF->>AoC function: 6. PRACK + AoC function->>S-CSCF: 7. INVITE + S-CSCF->>IMS GWF / AS: 8. INVITE + IMS GWF / AS->>OCS: 9. CCR (RSU) + Note right of OCS: Credit Control + OCS->>IMS GWF / AS: 10. CCA (GSU) + IMS GWF / AS->>S-CSCF: 11. INVITE + S-CSCF->>AoC function: 12. INVITE + Note over S-CSCF, AoC function: More SIP Signalling + Note over S-CSCF, OCS: End-to-end SIP session established + +``` + +The diagram illustrates a 12-step sequence for IMS session establishment. It starts with an INVITE to the S-CSCF, which forwards it to the AoC function. The AoC function performs an AoC Enquiry with the OCS via CCR/CCA. AoC information is then sent back to the S-CSCF in a Session Progress message. After a PRACK and another INVITE, the S-CSCF contacts the IMS GWF/AS, which performs Credit Control with the OCS (CCR RSU / CCA GSU). Finally, the session is established through further INVITE messages and SIP signaling. + +Sequence diagram showing SIP message flow between S-CSCF, AoC function, IMS GWF / AS, and OCS for session establishment and charging. + +**Figure B.1: Basic IMS session establishment for a user registered to AoC service(s) (online case controlled by AS / IMS GWF)** + +- Step 1: An initial SIP INVITE message is received in the S-CSCF. +- Step 2: The S-CSCF forwards this request to the AoC function. +- Step 3: The AoC function needs to request the tariff and or cost for this session. An AoC Enquiry is sent to the OCS in a CCR message. +- Step 4: The OCS sends back to the AoC function the information requested (tariff/cost). +- Step 5: The AoC Information is included by the ACF in a SIP 183 response. +- Step 6: UE acknowledgement of the 183 response is received at the ACF. +- Step 7: The SIP INVITE is forwarded to the S-CSCF. +- Step 8: The S-CSCF forwards the SIP INVITE message to the IMS GWF/AS to perform the online charging. +- Step 9: The IMS GWF/AS reserves a credit for the session. A CCR message is sent to the OCS. This CCR message is composed of a unit reservation request. + +- Step 10: The OCS sends back to the IMS-GWF/AS a credit for the session. +- Step 11: The INVITE message is forwarded by the IMS GWF/AS to the S-CSCF. +- Step 12: The S-CSCF forwards the SIP INVITE message to the terminating party. + +The service logic (AS/IMS GWF) and the AoC function may be unified. Thus, instead of sending two CCR messages (CCR RSU and CCR AoC Enquiry messages) towards the OCS, a grouped CCR message may be sent for performance reasons. + +![Sequence diagram showing Basic IMS session establishment for a user registered to AoC service(s). The diagram involves three main entities: S-CSCF, Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS, and OCS. The process starts with an INVITE to the S-CSCF, which is then forwarded to the Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS. The Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS sends a CCR (RSU, AoC Enquiry) to the OCS. The OCS responds with a CCA (GSU, AoC Information) to the Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS. The Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS then sends a Session Progress [AoC Information] to the S-CSCF. The S-CSCF sends a PRACK to the Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS. The Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS sends an INVITE to the S-CSCF, which then forwards it to the terminating party. The diagram concludes with a bar indicating 'End-to-end SIP session established'.](34b047489058d6400b412cd0ae2334ba_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE as User Equipment + participant S-CSCF + participant Unified as Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS + participant OCS + + UE->>S-CSCF: 1. INVITE + S-CSCF->>Unified: 2. INVITE + Unified->>OCS: 3. CCR (RSU, AoC Enquiry) + Note right of OCS: AoC enquiry +Credit Control + OCS-->>Unified: 4. CCA (GSU, AoC Information) + Unified-->>S-CSCF: 5. Session Progress [AoC Information] + S-CSCF-->>UE: + UE->>S-CSCF: + S-CSCF->>Unified: 6. PRACK + Unified-->>S-CSCF: 7. INVITE + S-CSCF->>UE: 8. INVITE + Note over S-CSCF, OCS: End-to-end SIP session established + Note over UE, OCS: More SIP Signalling + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing Basic IMS session establishment for a user registered to AoC service(s). The diagram involves three main entities: S-CSCF, Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS, and OCS. The process starts with an INVITE to the S-CSCF, which is then forwarded to the Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS. The Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS sends a CCR (RSU, AoC Enquiry) to the OCS. The OCS responds with a CCA (GSU, AoC Information) to the Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS. The Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS then sends a Session Progress [AoC Information] to the S-CSCF. The S-CSCF sends a PRACK to the Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS. The Unified ACF/IMS GWF or AS sends an INVITE to the S-CSCF, which then forwards it to the terminating party. The diagram concludes with a bar indicating 'End-to-end SIP session established'. + +**Figure B.2: Basic IMS session establishment for a user registered to AoC service(s) (online case controlled by unified (IMS GWF/AS) and ACF)** + +- Step 1: An initial SIP INVITE message is received in the S-CSCF. +- Step 2: The S-CSCF forwards this request to the AoC function. +- Step 3: The unified (IMS GWF or AS) and ACF generates a CCR message containing both a credit request and an AoC enquiry. +- Step 4: The OCS sends back to the unified (IMS GWF or AS) and ACF a response to the credit authorization and AoC enquiry. +- Step 5: The AoC Information is included by the unified (IMS GWF or AS) and ACF in a SIP 183 response. +- Step 6: UE acknowledgement of the 183 response is received at the unified (IMS GWF or AS) and ACF. +- Step 7: The SIP INVITE is forwarded to the S-CSCF. +- Step 8: The S-CSCF forwards the SIP INVITE message to the terminating party. + +# Annex C (informative): AoC Information mapping + +## C.0 General + +This annex provides informative mapping concepts between the AoC Information to surrounding protocol formats. + +## C.1 AoC Information mapping to CAI element + +Herby is a conceptual mapping of the CAI Element to the AoC Information. + +The mapping is done by using 3 Rate Elements: + +Rate Element 1 – Depicts the initial cost in the AoC + +Rate Element 2 – Depicts the time related AoC + +Rate Element 3 – Depicts the volume related AoC + +**Table C.1.1:** + +| CAI parameter | Mapping guidance | +|------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------| +| e1 - Units per interval | Cost_Value in a Rate Element(2) with Unit-Type = TIME; | +| e2 - Seconds/time interval | Unit_Value in Rate Element(2) | +| e3 - Scaling Factor | Scale_Factor | +| e4 - Unit increment | Cost_Value in a Rate Element(1) with Unit-Type = TIME | +| e5 - Units per data interval | Cost_Value in a Rate Element(3) with Unit-Type = TOTAL-OCTETS; | +| e6 - Segments/data interval | Unit_Value in Rate Element(3) | +| e7 - Initial secs/t interval | Unit_Threshold in Rate Element(1) | + +When a service is known to be provided by CAMEL, the AoC function shall use a mappable construct of the AoC Information. + +## C.2 AoC Information mapping to charging Information Elements + +Herby is a conceptual mapping advising how to populate the charging Information Element provided to the UE (as described in TS 24.647 [208] and ETSI TS 183 043 [213] as explicitly mentioned in the table C.2.1 below) out of the AoC Information. + +**Table C.2.1: AoC Information mapping** + +| Information Element | Mapping guidance | +|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Expressing Charging Rates | | +| - Price per time unit | When only one Rate Element with Unit Type = TIME exists | +| - Free of charge | When only one Rate Element with Unit Type = MONEY and Unit Value = 0 exists | +| - Flat rate | When only one Rate Element with Unit Type = MONEY and Unit Value > 0 exists | +| - Not available | No Rate Elements provided | +| Charged Items | | +| - Basic communication | When the Rate Element contains Charge Reason Code = Usage or no Charge Reason Code is available.

NOTE: If no other Charged Items are applicable, Basic Communication shall be used as default value | +| - Communication attempt | This parameter may be populated when the Rate Element contains Charge Reason Code = Communication Attempt Charge

NOTE: Alternatively, this information may be mapped into "Operation of service" (see below). | +| - Communication setup | This parameter may be populated when the Rate Element contains Charge Reason Code= Set Up Charge

NOTE: Alternatively, this information may be mapped into "Operation of service" (see below). | +| - Operation of service | This parameter may be populated depending on Service specific Information or when the Rate Element contains Charge Reason Code <> Usage.

NOTE: If this parameter is populated depending on the Charge Reason Code, Communication Attempt and Communication setup shall not be used. | +| - pes_aoc-s_phase_duration | The value of Unit_Quota_Threshold is mapped into pes_aoc-s_phase_duration when the AoC Extended XML schema is needed (see ETSI TS 183 043 [213]) | +| Recorded Charges | Accumulated cost in AoC Cost Information | + +NOTE 1: Other legacy Charging Information Elements (e.g. Special charging code, Special charging arrangement and Billing Identification) are not supported in IMS. + +NOTE 2: In the case when the UNI interface can't transfer the incremental cost, then the user part can calculate it by deducting the previous accumulated cost information from the current accumulated cost information. + +'Additionally, the parameters in table C.2.2 are not supported by the Ro interface but locally configurable by operators. + +**Table C.2.2: AoC Information mapping – not supported** + +| | | +|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Type of Charging | This parameter is part of the AoC UNI XML information described in TS 24.647 [208]. | +| Granularity | This parameter is part of the AoC UNI XML information described in TS 24.647 [208]. | +| Pes-transitioning behaviour | This parameter is part of the AoC Extended XML schema described in ETSI TS 183 043 [213]. | + +## C.3 AoC Information mapping to NNI charging information + +Herby is a conceptual mapping advising how to populate the incoming real time tariff information (as described in TS 29.658 [209]) to the AoC Information model. + +Mapping concepts: + +- Pulse based tariffs – Pulse based tariffs are translated to AoC Tariff with no Currency Code (i.e. non-monetary format). +- Sub Tariff – Each sub tariff is mapped as a new Rate Element +- Delay Until Start – The ACF shall buffer the message and wait for the 'start' signal. + +NOTE: The Delay Until Start parameter in TS 29.658 [209] is not supported in this release. + +- An Add-on charge provides single additional Cost Information which does not change the current tariff. When an Add-on charge is received via RTTI, the add-on charge shall be considered in the resulting Cost Information + +**Table C3.1: Data fields mapping** + +| Information Element | Mapping guidance | +|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Currency | Currency_Code | +| Call attempt charge | Rate-Element with Unit_Type = MONEY, This parameter may be populated when Charge Reason Code = CONNECTION_ATTEMPT_CHARGE. | +| Call setup charge | Rate-Element with Unit_Type = MONEY, This parameter may be populated when Charge Reason Code = CONNECTION_SETUP_CHARGE. | +| Add On charge | Rate-Element with Charge Reason Code = ADDON_CHARGE. | +| Communication charge | Rate-Element with Unit_Type = TIME. | +| Currency factor scale | Cost_Value in a Rate-Element with Unit_Type = TIME. | +| Currency factor | - Value Digits | +| Currency scale | - Exponent | +| Charge unit time interval | Unit-Value in a Rate-Element with Unit_Type = TIME.

NOTE 1: this field is only used for non-monetary format.
NOTE 2: A 50ms step support may not be supported in this release. | +| Tariff duration | Unit_Threshold in the Rate-Element as above | +| Sub tariff control | Periodic charge is mapped to Rate-Element with no Unit_Threshold or Unit_Threshold > Unit_Value. One time charge is mapped to Rate-element with Unit_Value = Unit_Threshold | +| Tariff switchover time | Tariff_Switch_Time | + +# --- Annex D (informative): Bibliography + +## a) The 3GPP charging specifications + +- 3GPP TS 32.250: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Circuit Switched (CS) domain charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.251: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Packet Switched (PS) domain charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.252: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.270: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.271: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Location Services (LCS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.272: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Push-to-talk over Cellular (PoC) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.273: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.274: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Short Message Service (SMS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.297: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) file format and transfer". +- 3GPP TS 32.295: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) transfer". + +## b) Common 3GPP specifications + +- 3GPP TS 22.101: "Service aspects; Service Principles". +- 3GPP TS 22.115: "Service aspects; Charging and Billing". +- 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". +- 3GPP TS 27.001: "General on Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for Mobile Stations (MS)". + +## c) other Domain and Service specific 3GPP / ETSI specifications + +- + +## d) Relevant ITU Recommendations + +- ITU-T Recommendation D.93: "Charging and accounting in the international land mobile telephone service (provided via cellular radio systems)". +- ITU-T Recommendation E.164: "The international public telecommunication numbering plan". +- ITU-T Recommendation Q.767: "Application of the ISDN user part of CCITT signalling System No.7 for international ISDN interconnections". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.25: "Interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) for terminals operating in the packet mode and connected to public data networks by dedicated circuit". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.121: "International numbering plan for public data networks". + +## e) Relevant IETF RFCs + +- IETF RFC 959 (1985): "File Transfer Protocol". + +# Annex E (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2008-01 | S5-57 | S5-080184 | -- | -- | Fist draft submitted to SA5#57 | - | 0.0.1 | +| 2009-03 | SP-43 | SP-090059 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for approval | 1.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 2009-06 | SP-44 | SP-090293 | 001 | -- | Correction of AoC Message Flows | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| 2009-09 | SP-45 | SP-090536 | 002 | -- | Correction and alignment with TS 32.299 | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| 2009-09 | SP-45 | SP-090537 | 003 | -- | Aligning AoC- Information AVP with RTTI Information | 8.2.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2009-12 | SP-46 | SP-090721 | 004 | -- | Aligning Diameter commands and AVPs with TS 32.299 | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| 2010-06 | SP-48 | SP-100268 | 005 | -- | Correction of AoC UNI Protocol Mapping | 9.1.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2010-10 | SP-49 | SP-100501 | 008 | -- | Correction of Annex C2 | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 2010-10 | SP-49 | SP-100501 | 008 | -- | Add Support of AoC Extended XML to AoC service | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 2010-12 | SP-50 | SP-100758 | 015 | 1 | Correction of Reason-Code in the AoC Tariff Information – Align with 32.299 | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 2010-12 | SP-50 | SP-100758 | 012 | 1 | Correction of AoC Cost Information | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110108 | 017 | 2 | Add missing AoC User to Network Interface (UNI) parameters: Type of Charging, Granularity and Pes-transitioning | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110112 | 018 | 2 | Introduce AoC and offline charging Rf description to allow AoC offline charging | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110112 | 019 | 1 | Provide offline AoC charging when the AoC Function is provided by MMTel AS - Align with 22.173 | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110112 | 020 | 2 | Clarify how 'AoC information' is presented to the UE | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110112 | 021 | 1 | Clarification on AoC in interconnect | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110112 | 022 | 1 | Correction on Incremental Cost information over UNI in AoC-D | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| 2011-06 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Minor editorial corrections | 10.3.0 | 10.3.1 | +| 2012-09 | SP-57 | SP-120646 | 0025 | 1 | 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@@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 8 | +| 3.3 Symbols..... | 9 | +| 4 Architecture Considerations..... | 9 | +| 4.1 High level architecture ..... | 9 | +| 5 Transfer principles and scenarios..... | 10 | +| 5.1 Transfer principles..... | 10 | +| 5.1.1 Charging related transfer requirements ..... | 10 | +| 5.1.2 CDR Transport by GTP' ..... | 10 | +| 5.1.2.1 CDF - CGF communication..... | 11 | +| 5.1.2.2 CGF - CGF communication..... | 11 | +| 5.1.3 Port usage ..... | 12 | +| 5.2 GTP' transfer scenarios ..... | 12 | +| 5.2.1 Basic principles ..... | 12 | +| 5.2.2 GTP' messaging cases..... | 12 | +| 5.2.2.1 The normal CDR packet transfer..... | 13 | +| 5.2.2.2 The CDF-CGF connection breaks before a successful CDR reception..... | 14 | +| 5.2.2.3 The CDF-CGF connection breaks after a successful CDR reception..... | 16 | +| 5.2.2.4 CGF redundancy mechanism..... | 17 | +| 6 Data description for the transfer..... | 20 | +| 6.1 The GTP' charging protocol ..... | 20 | +| 6.1.1 Usage of GTP Header in charging..... | 20 | +| 6.1.2 Information Elements (IEs) ..... | 20 | +| 6.2 GTP' Message Types..... | 21 | +| 6.2.1 List of all GTP' message types ..... | 21 | +| 6.2.2 Reused GTP message types..... | 22 | +| 6.2.3 GTP message type modifications, implied by GTP'..... | 23 | +| 6.2.4 GTP' message types..... | 23 | +| 6.2.4.1 Node Alive Request..... | 23 | +| 6.2.4.2 Node Alive Response..... | 23 | +| 6.2.4.3 Redirection Request..... | 23 | +| 6.2.4.4 Redirection Response ..... | 25 | +| 6.2.4.5 Data Record Transfer Request..... | 25 | +| 6.2.4.5.1 Information Elements in Data Record Transfer Request ..... | 25 | +| 6.2.4.5.2 Packet Transfer Command IE ..... | 25 | +| 6.2.4.5.3 Data Record Packet IE ..... | 27 | +| 6.2.4.5.4 Sequence Numbers of Released Packets IE ..... | 27 | +| 6.2.4.5.5 Sequence Numbers of Cancelled Packets IE..... | 28 | +| 6.2.4.5.6 Private Extension IE..... | 28 | +| 6.2.4.6 Data Record Transfer Response ..... | 28 | +| 6.3 Data Record Format in GTP' ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.1 Standard Data Record Format ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.2 Private Data Record Formats..... | 29 | +| 6.4 Data Record Format Version for CDRs..... | 30 | +| Annex A (informative): Bibliography ..... | 31 | +| Annex B (informative): Change history..... | 32 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of a series of documents that specify charging functionality and charging management in 3GPP networks (GSM/UMTS/EPS). The 3GPP core network charging architecture and principles are specified in 3GPP TS 32.240 [1], which provides an umbrella for other charging management TSs that specify: + +- the content of the CDRs per domain / subsystem / service (offline charging), +- the content of real-time charging messages per domain / subsystem / service (online charging); +- the functionality of online and offline charging for those domains / subsystems / services; +- the interfaces that are used in the charging framework to transfer the charging information (i.e. CDRs or charging events) + +The complete document structure for these TSs is defined in TS 32.240 [1]. + +The present document specifies the transaction based mechanism for the near real time transfer of CDRs within the network. + +The present document is related to other 3GPP charging TSs as follows: + +- The common 3GPP charging architecture is specified in TS 32.240 [1]; +- The parameters, abstract syntax and encoding rules for the CDRs are specified in TS 32.298 [51]; +- The file based mechanism used to transfer the CDRs from the network to the operator's billing domain (e.g. the post-processing system or a mediation device) is specified in TS 32.297 [52]; + +The 3GPP Diameter application that is used for offline and online charging is specified in TS 32.299 [50]. + +All terms, definitions and abbreviations used in the present document, that are common across 3GPP TSs, are defined in the 3GPP Vocabulary, TR 21.905 [100]. Those that are common across charging management in 3GPP domains services, or subsystems are provided in the umbrella document TS 32.240 [1] and are copied into clause 3 of the present document for ease of reading. Finally, those items that are specific to the present document are defined exclusively in the present document. + +Furthermore, requirements that govern the charging work are specified in 3GPP TS 22.115 [101]. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.240: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Architecture and Principles". +- [2]-[9] Void. +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.250: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Circuit Switched (CS) domain charging". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.251: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Packet Switched (PS) domain charging". + +- [12]-[29] Void. +- [30] 3GPP TS 32.270: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) charging". +- [31]-[49] Void. +- [50] 3GPP TS 32.299: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Diameter charging application". +- [51] 3GPP TS 32.298: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) parameter description". +- [52] 3GPP TS 32.297: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging Data Record (CDR) file format and transfer". +- [53]-[99] Void. +- [100] TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [101] 3GPP TS 22.115 "Service aspects; Charging and billing" +- [102]-[199] Void. +- [200] 3GPP TS 29.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); GPRS Tunnelling Protocol (GTP) across the Gn and Gp interface". +- [201] 3GPP TS 29.274: "Evolved GPRS Tunnelling Protocol for Control Plane (GTPv2-C); Stage 3". +- [202]-[299] Void. +- [300]-[399] Void. +- [400-403] Void. +- [404] IETF RFC 768 (1980): "User Datagram Protocol" (STD 6). +- [405] IETF RFC 793 (1981): "Transmission Control Protocol" (STD 7). +- [406] IETF RFC 791 (1981): "Internet Protocol" (STD 5). +- [407] IETF RFC 792 (1981): "Internet Control Message Protocol" (STD 5). + +# --- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [50], 3GPP TS 32.240 [1], and the following apply: + +**2G- / 3G-:** prefixes 2G- and 3G- refers to functionality that supports only GSM or UMTS, respectively, e.g. 2G-CDF refers only to the GSM functionality of an CDF. + +**accounting:** process of apportioning charges between the Home Environment, Serving Network and User. + +**billing:** function whereby CDRs generated by the charging function are transformed into bills requiring payment. + +**Billing Domain:** Part of the operator network, which is outside the core network, that receives and processes CDR files from the core network charging functions. It includes functions that can provide billing mediation and billing other (e.g. statistical) end applications. It is only applicable to offline charging (see "Online Charging System" for equivalent functionality in online charging). + +**CDR field Categories:** the CDR fields are defined in the present document. They are divided into the following categories: + +- **Mandatory (M):** field that shall be present in the CDR. +- **Conditional (C):** field that shall be present in a CDR if certain conditions are met. +- **Operator Provisionable: Mandatory (OM):** A field that operators have provisioned to be included in the CDR for all conditions. +- **Operator Provisionable: Conditional (OC):** A field that operators have provisioned to be included in the CDR if certain conditions are met. + +**chargeable event:** activity utilizing telecommunications network infrastructure and related services for: + +- user to user communication (e.g. a single call, a data communication session or a short message); or +- user to network communication (e.g. service profile administration); or +- inter-network communication (e.g. transferring calls, signalling, or short messages); or +- mobility (e.g. roaming or inter-system handover); and +- that the network operator wants to charge for. + +**charged party:** user involved in a chargeable event who has to pay parts or the whole charges of the chargeable event, or a third party paying the charges caused by one or all users involved in the chargeable event, or a network operator. + +**charging:** function whereby information related to a chargeable event is formatted and transferred in order to make it possible to determine usage for which the charged party may be billed. + +**Charging Data Record (CDR):** A formatted collection of information about a chargeable event (e.g. time of call set-up, duration of the call, amount of data transferred, etc) for use in billing and accounting. For each party to be charged for parts of or all charges of a chargeable event a separate CDR shall be generated, i.e. more than one CDR may be generated for a single chargeable event, e.g. because of its long duration, or because more than one charged party is to be charged. + +**charging function:** entity inside the core network domain, subsystem or service that is involved in charging for that domain, subsystem or service. + +**circuit switched domain:** domain within GSM / UMTS in which information is transferred in circuit mode. + +**domain:** part of a communication network that provides services using a certain technology. + +**GPRS:** Packet Services for GSM and UMTS systems. + +**GTP':** GPRS protocol, used for CDR transport. It is derived from GTP with enhancements to improve transport reliability necessary for CDRs. NOTE: This protocol is not used for tunnelling. + +**GSM only:** qualifier indicating that this clause or paragraph applies only to a GSM system. For multi-system cases this is determined by the current serving radio access network. + +**inter-system change:** change of radio access between different radio access technologies such as GSM and UMTS. + +**in GSM,....:** qualifier indicating that this paragraph applies only to GSM System. + +**in UMTS,....:** qualifier indicating that this paragraph applies only to UMTS System. + +**middle tier (charging) TS:** used for the 3GPP charging TSs that specify the domain / subsystem / service specific, online and offline, charging functionality. These are all the TSs in the numbering range from 3GPP TS 32.250 [10] to 3GPP TS 32.27x [3x], e.g. 3GPP TS 32.250 [10] for the CS domain, or 3GPP TS 32.270 [30] for the MMS service. Currently, there is only one "tier 1" TS in 3GPP, which is the TS 32.240 [1] that specifies the charging architecture and principles. Finally, there are a number of top tier TSs in the 32.29x numbering range ([50] ff) that specify common charging aspects such as parameter definitions, encoding rules, the common BD interface or common charging applications. + +**near real time:** near real time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than 1 minute. + +**observed IMEI ticket:** record used to describe an EIR relevant event e.g. a blacklisted IMEI. + +**offline charging:** charging mechanism where charging information **does not** affect, in real-time, the service rendered. + +**online charging:** charging mechanism where charging information can affect, in real-time, the service rendered and therefore a direct interaction of the charging mechanism with session/service control is required. + +**Online Charging System:** the entity that performs real-time credit control. Its functionality includes transaction handling, rating, online correlation and management of subscriber accounts/balances. + +**packet switched domain:** domain in which data is transferred between core network elements. + +**Real-time:** real time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than 1 second. + +**subscriber:** A subscriber is an entity (associated with one or more users) that is engaged in a Subscription with a service provider. The subscriber is allowed to subscribe and unsubscribe services, to register a user or a list of users authorised to enjoy these services, and also to set the limits relative to the use that associated users make of these services. + +**UMTS only:** qualifier indicating that this clause or paragraph applies only to a UMTS system. For multi-system cases this is determined by the current serving radio access network. + +**user:** An entity, not part of the 3GPP System, that uses network resources by means of a subscription. The user may or may not be identical to the subscriber holding that subscription. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations defined in 3GPP TR 21.905 [50], 3GPP TS 32.240 [1] and the following apply: + +| | | +|-----------|----------------------------------------------------| +| 3G | 3 rd Generation | +| 3GPP | 3 rd Generation Partnership Project | +| AS | Application Server | +| ASN.1 | Abstract Syntax Notation One | +| BD | Billing Domain | +| CDF | Charging Data Function | +| CDR | Charging Data Record | +| CG | Charging Gateway | +| CGF | Charging Gateway Function | +| CS | Circuit SwitchedDRP Data Record Packet | +| EPS | Evolved Packet System | +| E-UTRAN | Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| GPRS | General Packet Radio Service | +| GTP | GPRS Tunnelling Protocol | +| GTPv2-C | GTP version 2 – Control Plane | +| GTP' | GPRS protocol, used for CDR transport | +| IE | Information Element | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPv4 | Internet Protocol version 4 | +| IPv6 | Internet Protocol version 6 | +| NE | Network Element | +| OCS | Online Charging System | +| PDN | Packet Data Network | +| PS | Packet-Switched | +| PT | Protocol Type (Field in GTP' header) | +| S-SMO-CDR | SGSN Short Message Mobile Originated - CDR | +| TAP | Transferred Account Procedure | +| TLV | Type, Length, Value (GTP header format) | +| TV | Type, Value | + +## 3.3 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +| | | +|----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Bx | The reference point between any (generic) 3G domain, subsystem or service CGF and the BD. | +| Ga | Reference point between a CDF and the CGF for CDR transfer. | +| Rf | Reference Point between the CTF within a 3G network element and the CDF for offline charging. | + +# 4 Architecture Considerations + +## 4.1 High level architecture + +The Ga is the reference point from the Charging Data Function (CDF) to the Charging Gateway Function (CGF), which is intended for the transport of Charging Data Records (CDRs). + +By definition, dealing with CDRs only implies that Ga is solely related to offline charging. + +The following figure 4.1 depicts the position of the Ga reference point within the overall 3GPP offline charging architecture. + +![Figure 4.1: Logical ubiquitous offline charging architecture. The diagram shows a 3GPP network (grey box) containing three domains: CN Domain (yellow), Service nodes (orange), and Sub-system (purple). Within the CN Domain, there are three vertical bars representing functions: C (Charging Trigger Function), T (Charging Data Function), and F (Charging Gateway Function). Arrows show data flow from C to T, T to F, and F to the Billing Domain (blue box) via the Bx reference point. Within the Service nodes, there are three vertical bars: C, D (Charging Data Function), and F. Arrows show data flow from C to D, D to F, and F to the Billing Domain via the Bx reference point. Within the Sub-system, there are three vertical bars: C, D, and F. Arrows show data flow from C to D, D to F, and F to the Billing Domain via the Bx reference point. The Ga reference point is shown between the D (CDF) and F (CGF) in the Service nodes. The Rf reference point is shown between the C (CTF) and D (CDF) in the Service nodes.](0bf9346902e9a3bdabf05ceacc1947f5_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.1: Logical ubiquitous offline charging architecture. The diagram shows a 3GPP network (grey box) containing three domains: CN Domain (yellow), Service nodes (orange), and Sub-system (purple). Within the CN Domain, there are three vertical bars representing functions: C (Charging Trigger Function), T (Charging Data Function), and F (Charging Gateway Function). Arrows show data flow from C to T, T to F, and F to the Billing Domain (blue box) via the Bx reference point. Within the Service nodes, there are three vertical bars: C, D (Charging Data Function), and F. Arrows show data flow from C to D, D to F, and F to the Billing Domain via the Bx reference point. Within the Sub-system, there are three vertical bars: C, D, and F. Arrows show data flow from C to D, D to F, and F to the Billing Domain via the Bx reference point. The Ga reference point is shown between the D (CDF) and F (CGF) in the Service nodes. The Rf reference point is shown between the C (CTF) and D (CDF) in the Service nodes. + +| | | +|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CTF: | Charging Trigger Function | +| CDF: | Charging Data Function | +| CGF: | Charging Gateway Function | +| BD: | Billing Domain. This may also be a billing mediation device / post-processing system. | + +**Figure 4.1: Logical ubiquitous offline charging architecture** + +As illustrated in the above figure 4.1, the CDF in each network domain, service or subsystem is relevant for the network side of the Ga reference point. Different mappings of the ubiquitous offline charging functions, CDF and CGF, onto physical implementations are possible. Further details of the configuration refer to 3GPP TS 32.240 [1]. Details of the implementation options per domain / subsystem / service (usually a subset of the overall possible variants described above) are specified in the respective middle tier TS, e.g. for EPC Charging in TS 32.251[11]. + +The transport protocol associated to the Ga reference point, providing functions for transfer of CDRs from CDF to CGF, is **GTP'** (because of its derivation from the GTP protocol as specified in TS 29.060[200]). + +# --- 5 Transfer principles and scenarios + +## 5.1 Transfer principles + +The GTP' protocol is optional, and is used for CDR transport between the CDFs and the CGF. + +### 5.1.1 Charging related transfer requirements + +Each CDF will have an O&M configurable address list of CGFs (Charging Gateways) to which it can send its CDRs. The list will be organized in CGF address priority order. If the primary CGF is not available (e.g. out of service), then the CDF shall send the CDRs to the secondary CGF and so on. + +Each CDR generating function will only send the records to the CGF(s) of the same PLMN, not to CGF(s) located in other PLMNs. + +Each CGF in the PLMN may know of other CGFs' network addresses (e.g., for redundancy reasons, to be able to recommend another CGF address). This is achieved by O&M configuration facilities that will enable each CGF to have a configurable list of peer CGF addresses. + +### 5.1.2 CDR Transport by GTP' + +GTP' has been designed to deliver the CDR(s) from the CDF, which generates charging data records (CDRs) to the CGF(s). This protocol is required if the CGF resides outside the CDFs. It utilizes some aspects of GTP (defined in TS 29.060 [200]), which is used for packet data tunnelling in the backbone network. + +GTP' operates on the Ga interface and does not imply the use of any specific backbone network. + +GTP' performs the following functions: + +- CDR transfer between the CDF and the CGF. +- Redirection of CDRs to another CGF. +- Detect communication failures between the communicating peers, using echo messaging. +- Advertise to peers about its CDR transfer capability (e.g., after a period of service downtime). +- Prevents duplicate CDRs that might arise during redundancy operations. +If so configured, the CDR duplication prevention function may also be carried out by marking potentially duplicated CDR packets, and, delegating the final duplicate deletion task to a CGF or the Billing Domain (instead of handling the possible duplicates solely by GTP' messaging). + +#### 5.1.2.1 CDF - CGF communication + +As illustrated in Figure 5.1, the CDF - CGF communications are carried out using GTP' over UDP/TCP and IP. + +![Diagram showing protocol layers between CDF and CGF for CDRs. The diagram consists of two vertical stacks of five boxes representing protocol layers. The left stack is labeled 'CDF' at the bottom and the right stack is labeled 'CGF' at the bottom. Above each stack is the label 'CDRs' with a horizontal arrow pointing from the left 'CDRs' to the right 'CDRs'. The layers in each stack, from top to bottom, are: GTP', UDP/TCP, IP, L2, and L1. Horizontal lines connect corresponding layers between the CDF and CGF stacks.](7e670a2b556b53ea9002dfff3a420e08_img.jpg) + +| | | | +|---------|---|---------| +| CDRs | → | CDRs | +| GTP' | — | GTP' | +| UDP/TCP | — | UDP/TCP | +| IP | — | IP | +| L2 | — | L2 | +| L1 | — | L1 | +| CDF | | CGF | + +Diagram showing protocol layers between CDF and CGF for CDRs. The diagram consists of two vertical stacks of five boxes representing protocol layers. The left stack is labeled 'CDF' at the bottom and the right stack is labeled 'CGF' at the bottom. Above each stack is the label 'CDRs' with a horizontal arrow pointing from the left 'CDRs' to the right 'CDRs'. The layers in each stack, from top to bottom, are: GTP', UDP/TCP, IP, L2, and L1. Horizontal lines connect corresponding layers between the CDF and CGF stacks. + +**Figure 5.1: Protocol layers between the CDF and the CGF** + +#### 5.1.2.2 CGF - CGF communication + +If necessary, CGF to CGF communications are carried out using GTP' over UDP/TCP and IP. This is illustrated in Figure 5.2. + +![Diagram showing protocol layers between two CGFs for CDRs. The diagram consists of two vertical stacks of five boxes representing protocol layers. The left stack is labeled 'CGF' at the bottom and the right stack is also labeled 'CGF' at the bottom. Above each stack is the label 'CDRs' with a horizontal arrow pointing from the left 'CDRs' to the right 'CDRs'. The layers in each stack, from top to bottom, are: GTP', UDP/TCP, IP, L2, and L1. Horizontal lines connect corresponding layers between the two CGF stacks.](7c6d9bfe9c31ce872722d60b73d20df1_img.jpg) + +| | | | +|---------|---|---------| +| CDRs | → | CDRs | +| GTP' | — | GTP' | +| UDP/TCP | — | UDP/TCP | +| IP | — | IP | +| L2 | — | L2 | +| L1 | — | L1 | +| CGF | | CGF | + +Diagram showing protocol layers between two CGFs for CDRs. The diagram consists of two vertical stacks of five boxes representing protocol layers. The left stack is labeled 'CGF' at the bottom and the right stack is also labeled 'CGF' at the bottom. Above each stack is the label 'CDRs' with a horizontal arrow pointing from the left 'CDRs' to the right 'CDRs'. The layers in each stack, from top to bottom, are: GTP', UDP/TCP, IP, L2, and L1. Horizontal lines connect corresponding layers between the two CGF stacks. + +**Figure 5.2: Protocol layers between CGFs** + +### 5.1.3 Port usage + +Transporting the CDRs from the CDFs to the CGF over the Ga reference point may facilitate charging. The Path Protocol may be UDP (compliant with STD 0006[404]) or TCP (compliant with STD 0007[405]) over IP. + +- UDP as the Path Protocol + +Ports for signalling the request messages: + +- The UDP Destination Port may be the server port number 3386 which has been reserved for GTP'. Alternatively another port can be used, which has been configured by O&M, except Port Number 2123 which is used by GTPv2-C. +- The UDP Source Port is a locally allocated port number at the sending network element. + +NOTE: UDP Source Port number should be different than UDP Source Port number allocated to GTPv2 (see TS 29.274 [201]). + +Ports for signalling the response messages: + +- The UDP Destination Port value shall be the value of the Source Port of the corresponding request message. +- The UDP Source Port shall be the value from the Destination Port of the corresponding request message. + +- TCP as Path Protocol + +The TCP Destination Port may be the server port number 3386, which has been reserved for G-PDUs. Alternatively, another port may be used as configured by O&M. Extra implementation-specific destination ports are possible but all CGFs shall support the server port number. + +The TCP Source Port is a random port, locally assigned at the sending network element. + +- Network layer and lower layers + +Beneath the Path Protocol there is the network IP layer, which shall be the Internet Protocol (IP) compliant with STD 0005(see [406] and [407]). Beneath the network IP layer are the L2 and L1 layers, which are not specified, in the present document. + +## 5.2 GTP' transfer scenarios + +### 5.2.1 Basic principles + +Each function (i.e. CDF and CGF) that supports the GTP' shall be capable of handling or responding with a "*Service/Version not supported*" message if that function is configured to be addressed by another peer function. + +### 5.2.2 GTP' messaging cases + +The following example cases represent the three different key *Data Record Transfer Request/Response* messaging related CDR handling schemes. Cases (2) and (3) represent situations involving the redundancy mechanism. + +- (1) The normal CDR packet transfer: + +The CDF sends successfully a CDR packet to the CGF, and since the CDF gets a response (Request Accepted) for the Data Record Transfer Request, there is no need to use the CGF redundancy mechanism and redirect the CDR packet traffic flow to an other CGF. + +- (2) The CDF-CGF connection breaks before a successful CDR reception: + +In this case the CDR packet sent by the CDF is lost before it is received by the CGF. (The loss might be caused by a link failure or e.g. a major CGF failure.) + +- (3) The CDF-CGF connection breaks after a successful CDR reception: + +In this case the CDR sent by the CDF is received correctly by the CGF and moved to its non-volatile memory (or even to the next NE in the communication chain). Anyhow, the CDF-CGF communication stops working, in this example case, before the CDF gets the positive response (Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted) which would acknowledge that the CDR packet was successfully received by CGF. + +#### (4) CGF redundancy mechanism + +An overview on the mechanism, involved in cases (2) and (3), preventing duplicated CDR packets to enter a BD. + +The next four clauses describe in more detail each of these key *Data Record Transfer Request / Response* messaging schemes. + +#### 5.2.2.1 The normal CDR packet transfer + +Figure 5.3 represents the default mode of CDR transfer from the CDR generating functions (CDFs) to the CDR collecting functions (CGFs). + +![Sequence diagram of the normal CDR transfer process between a CDF and a CGF. The diagram shows three lifelines: CDF, CGF's volatile memory, and Non-volatile CGF memory. The process involves four steps: 1. CDF sends a Data Record Transfer Request (Send Data Record Packet) to CGF's volatile memory. 2. CGF's volatile memory stores the CDRs in a secure way in Non-volatile CGF memory. 3. CGF's volatile memory sends a Data Record Transfer Response (Request Accepted) back to the CDF. 4. The CDF deletes the successfully sent CDRs from its buffers. Ellipses indicate further steps in the process.](e9d825d87c5f85c8dba0664eace96ef4_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CDF + participant CGF_volatile as CGF's volatile memory + participant Non_volatile as Non-volatile CGF memory + + Note left of CDF: 4. < Successfully sent CDRs are deleted from the CDF buffers > +``` + +- CDF->>CGF\_volatile: 1. Data Record Transfer Request: Send Data Record Packet +- CGF\_volatile->>Non\_volatile: 2. CDRs are stored in a secure way +- CGF\_volatile->>CDF: 3. Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted +- Note left of CDF: 4. < Successfully sent CDRs are deleted from the CDF buffers > + +... .. + +Sequence diagram of the normal CDR transfer process between a CDF and a CGF. The diagram shows three lifelines: CDF, CGF's volatile memory, and Non-volatile CGF memory. The process involves four steps: 1. CDF sends a Data Record Transfer Request (Send Data Record Packet) to CGF's volatile memory. 2. CGF's volatile memory stores the CDRs in a secure way in Non-volatile CGF memory. 3. CGF's volatile memory sends a Data Record Transfer Response (Request Accepted) back to the CDF. 4. The CDF deletes the successfully sent CDRs from its buffers. Ellipses indicate further steps in the process. + +**Figure 5.3: A normal CDR transfer process between a CDF and CGF** + +- 1) The CDR generating entity sends CDR(s) in a packet to CGF (that is the current primary Charging Gateway Functionality for the specific CDF, "CGF1"). The sending is performed by using the Data Record Transfer Request message, with the *Packet Transfer Command* IE having the value "Send Data Record Packet". +- 2) The CGF opens the received message and stores the packet contents in a safe way (to e.g. a redundant RAM memory unit or a mirrored non-volatile memory or even to another node). +- 3) The CDR receiving entity (CGF) sends confirmation of the successful packet reception to the CDF (CDF). The confirmation is performed by using the *Data Record Transfer Response* message, with the **Cause** value being "Request Accepted". +- 4) After the positive response "Request Accepted" is received by the CDF, it may delete the successfully sent CDRs from its send buffer. + +The general principle of GTP' to retransmit the request if the response has not been received within a configurable time-out limit, is also followed here in point 1). The maximum amount of retries is a configurable value. + +#### 5.2.2.2 The CDF-CGF connection breaks before a successful CDR reception + +Figure 5.4 describes the exceptional case when the CDR transfer from a CDR generating entity (CDF) to the primary CDR packet collecting entity (CGF1) fails in a way that the CGF1 is not able to store the CDR packet sent by the CDF. (The reason for the failure in packet transfer may be e.g. a link failure between the CDF and CGF1, or a capacity exhausting error in the storage device of CGF1, or a general CGF1 system failure or CGF1 maintenance break.) + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the CDR transfer process when the primary CGF (CGF1) fails. The diagram shows the CDF sending requests to CGF1, which fails to store them. The CDF then resends the request to CGF2, which stores it. The CDF receives a response from CGF2 and deletes the CDR from its buffer. The CDF then sends a Node Alive Request to CGF1, which receives a response. Finally, the CDF sends an empty Data Record Transfer Request to CGF1, which receives a response. The CDF then sends a Release Data Record Packet to CGF2, which sends the CDRs to the post-processing system. The CDF receives a response from CGF2.](a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CDF + participant CGF1 + participant CGF2 + participant PostProc as CDR post-processing system + + Note left of CDF: 1. Data Record Transfer Request: Send Data Record Packet + CDF->>CGF1: 1. Data Record Transfer Request: Send Data Record Packet + Note right of CGF1: 2. < CDRs not stored to non-volatile memory nor sent to postprocessing > + Note left of CDF: 3. < No positive response to CDF even to resent requests > + Note left of CDF: 4. Data Record Transfer Request: Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet + CDF->>CGF2: 4. Data Record Transfer Request: Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet + Note right of CGF2: 5. < CGF2 stores the CDR packet contents to its buffer for pot. dupl. packets > + Note left of CDF: 6. Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted + CDF->>CGF2: 6. Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted + Note left of CDF: 7. < CDRs are deleted from CDF buffers > + Note left of CDF: 8. Node Alive Request + CDF->>CGF1: 8. Node Alive Request + Note left of CDF: 9. Node Alive Response: Request Accepted + CDF->>CGF1: 9. Node Alive Response: Request Accepted + Note left of CDF: 10. Data Record Transfer Request: Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet (empty) + CDF->>CGF1: 10. Data Record Transfer Request: Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet (empty) + Note left of CDF: 11. Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted + CDF->>CGF1: 11. Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted + Note left of CDF: 12. Data Record Transfer Request: Release Data Record Packet + CDF->>CGF2: 12. Data Record Transfer Request: Release Data Record Packet + Note right of CGF2: 13. CDRs + CGF2->>PostProc: 13. CDRs + Note left of CDF: 14. Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted + CDF->>CGF2: 14. Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the CDR transfer process when the primary CGF (CGF1) fails. The diagram shows the CDF sending requests to CGF1, which fails to store them. The CDF then resends the request to CGF2, which stores it. The CDF receives a response from CGF2 and deletes the CDR from its buffer. The CDF then sends a Node Alive Request to CGF1, which receives a response. Finally, the CDF sends an empty Data Record Transfer Request to CGF1, which receives a response. The CDF then sends a Release Data Record Packet to CGF2, which sends the CDRs to the post-processing system. The CDF receives a response from CGF2. + +**Figure 5.4: Duplicate prevention case: CDR sending via CGF1 had not succeeded** + +- 1) The CDR generating entity (CDF) sends CDR(s) in a packet to CGF (that is, the current primary CGF for the specific CDF, "CGF1"). The sending is performed by using the *Data Record Transfer Request* message, with the *Packet Transfer Command* IE having the value "Send Data Record Packet". +- 2) Due to a failure in the CDF-CGF1 communication link of CGF1, the CGF1 is not able to store the packet sent by the CDF in a safe way (to e.g. a redundant RAM memory unit or a mirrored non-volatile memory or to another node). +- 3) Therefore the CDF is not able to get a response (or it could alternatively get a negative response like "No resources available" as the *Cause* value in the *Data Record Transfer Response* message). + +- 4) The CDF may now first test the CDF-CGF2 link by an Echo Request message that the CGF2 would respond by the Echo Response.) Then, the CDF sends the same CDR packet that could not be sent to CGF1 to the next CGF in its CGF preference list (here CGF2) using the *Data Record Transfer Request* message, with the *Packet Transfer Command* IE having the value "Send possible duplicated Data Record Packet". +- 5) As the connection to the CGF2 is working, the CGF2 is able to process the CDR packet. Since the packet was marked by the sending CDF to be potentially duplicated, it is stored into the CGF2, but not yet sent forward towards the BD. +- 6) The CGF2 sends confirmation of the successful packet reception to the CDF. The confirmation is performed by using the *Data Record Transfer Response* message, with the **Cause** value being "Request Accepted" +- 7) The CDF can now delete the now successfully sent (potentially duplicated) CDRs from its CDR buffer (but it keeps the sequence number(s) of the sent potentially duplicated packet(s) in a buffer dedicated for that. +- 8) When CGF1 is recovering after a system reboot, it sends a *Node Alive Request* message to the configured peer CDF(s), and so the CDF notices that it can again successfully communicate with the CGF1. (The CDF may also detect this by using the *Echo Request* messages, which would be answered by CGF1 by the *Echo Response* message.) +- 9) CDF acknowledges the CGF1 by *Node Alive Response* message. +- 10) For the earlier unacknowledged *Data Record Transfer Request* message(s), the CDF sends CGF1 empty test packet(s) (with no CDR payload in the Data Record Packet IE but just the other parts of the message frame). +- 11) CGF1 responds with *Data Record Transfer Response* message, with the **Cause** value being "Request Accepted", because in this example case CGF1 had lost the communication capability towards CDF before storing the previously received (and by CGF1 unacknowledged) CDR packet. +- 12) Now CDF knows that the CGF1 had not originally been able to process and forward the original version of the CDR packet from the CDF, and it indicates CGF2 that CGF2 can send the CDR packet(s) related to the previously unacknowledged GTP' *Sequence Number(s)* to post-processing. Those packets' *Sequence Numbers* are indicated in the *Sequence Numbers of the Released Packets* IE. +- 13) CGF2 shall now be able to send the released records towards the post-processing system. +- 14) CGF2 responds with *Data Record Transfer Response* message, with the **Cause** value being 'Request Accepted'. + +After all the potentially duplicated packets are cleared from CGF(s), the CDF can continue in normal way the transfer of CDRs. + +#### 5.2.2.3 The CDF-CGF connection breaks after a successful CDR reception + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the CDR sending process when the CDF-CGF1 connection breaks after a successful CDR reception. The diagram shows interactions between CDF, CGF1, CGF2, and a CDR post-processing system.](16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CDF + participant CGF1 + participant CGF2 + participant CDR as CDR post-processing system + + Note right of CGF1: < 2. CDR packet contents is stored to non-volatile CGF1 memory or sent for postprocessing > + Note right of CGF2: 5. < CGF2 stores the CDR packet contents to its buffer for pot. dupl. packets > + Note left of CDF: 7. < CDRs are deleted from CDF buffers > + + CDF->>CGF1: 1. Data Record Transfer Request: Send Data Record Packet + CGF1->>CDF: 3. < No positive response to CDF, even to resent requests > + CGF1->>CDR: + CDF->>CGF2: 4. Data Record Transfer Request: Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet + CGF2->>CDF: 6. Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted + Note left of CDF: . . . + Note right of CGF1: . . . + Note right of CGF2: . . . + CDF->>CGF1: 8. Node Alive Request + CGF1->>CDF: 9. Node Alive Response + CDF->>CGF1: 10. Data Record Transfer Request: Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet (empty) + CGF1->>CDF: 11. Data Record Transfer Response: Request related to possibly duplicated packets already fulfilled + CDF->>CGF2: 12. Data Record Transfer Request: Cancel Data Record Packet + Note right of CGF2: 13. + CGF2->>CDF: 14. Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the CDR sending process when the CDF-CGF1 connection breaks after a successful CDR reception. The diagram shows interactions between CDF, CGF1, CGF2, and a CDR post-processing system. + +**Figure 5.5: Duplicate prevention case: CDR sending via CGF1 had succeeded** + +- 1) The CDR generating entity (CDF) sends CDR(s) in a packet to CGF (that is the current primary Charging Gateway Functionality for the specific CDF, "CGF1"). The sending is performed by using the *Data Record Transfer Request* message, with the *Packet Transfer Command* IE having the value "Send Data Record Packet". +- 2) The CGF1 is able to store the packet sent by the CDF in a safe way (to e.g. a redundant RAM memory unit or a mirrored non-volatile memory or to another network element, e.g. post-processing system). +- 3) Since the CDF-CGF1 communication connection is now broken, the CDF is not able to get the response "Request Accepted" as the **Cause** value in the *Data Record Transfer Response* message. +- 4) Then the CDF sends the same CDR packet that could not be sent to CGF1 to the next CGF in its CGF preference list (here CGF2) a *Data Record Transfer Request* message, with the *Packet Transfer Command* IE having the + +value "Send possible duplicated Data Record Packet". (That sending may be preceded by the testing of the CDF-CGF2 link by an *Echo Request* message, that the CGF2 would respond by the *Echo Response*.) + +- 5) As the connection to CGF2 is working, CGF2 is able to process the CDR packet. Since the packet was marked by the sending CDF to be potentially duplicated, it is stored in CGF2, but not yet sent forward towards the post processing or BD. +- 6) The CGF2 sends confirmation of the successful packet reception to the CDF. The confirmation is performed by using the *Data Record Transfer Response* message, with the **Cause** value being "Request Accepted". +- 7) The CDF can now delete the now successfully sent (potentially duplicated) CDRs from its CDR buffer (but it keeps the sequence number(s) of the sent potentially duplicated packet(s) in a buffer dedicated for that. +- 8) When CGF1 is recovering after a system reboot, it sends a *Node Alive Request* message to the configured peer CDF(s), and so the CDF notices that it can again successfully communicate with the CGF1. (The CDF may also detect this by using the *Echo Request* messages, which would be answered by CGF1 by the *Echo Response* message.) +- 9) CDF acknowledges the CGF1 by *Node Alive Response* message. +- 10) For the earlier unacknowledged *Data Record Transfer Request* message(s), the CDF sends CGF1 empty test packet(s) (with no CDR payload in the *Data Record Packet* IE but just the other parts of the message frame). +- 11) CGF1 responds with *Data Record Transfer Response* message, with the **Cause** value being "Request related to possibly duplicated packets already fulfilled", because in this example case CGF1 had lost the communication capability towards CDF after storing the previously received (and by CGF1 unacknowledged) CDR packet. +- 12) Now CDF knows that the CGF1 had originally been able to process and forward the original version of the CDR packet from the CDF, and it indicates CGF2 that CGF2 can cancel the CDR packet(s) related to the previously unacknowledged GTP' CDF-CGF1 Sequence Number(s). Those packets' *Sequence Numbers* are indicated in the *Sequence Numbers of the Cancelled Packets* IE. +- 13) CGF2 shall now delete the cancelled packet(s) from its buffer for potentially duplicated packets. +- 14) CGF2 responds with *Data Record Transfer Response* message, with the **Cause** value being "Request Accepted". + +After all the potentially duplicated packets are cleared from CGF(s), the CDF can continue in normal way the transfer of CDRs. + +#### 5.2.2.4 CGF redundancy mechanism + +A summary of the CGF redundancy mechanism, which prevents duplicated CDR packets to enter the BS, is described below. + +This, or other mechanisms, are deployed to enhance the reliability of CDR transport. + +The general logic of the duplicate CDR packet prevention in CGF redundancy cases is shown in Figure 5.6, where the messages are numbered sequentially, alternative messages are indicated by an index character ("a" or "b") that follows the arrow sequence number. The main mechanism of the messaging in CGF redundancy cases (when a CDF-CGF link is down or a CGF is not working) is based on CDF (1) first trying to send a CDR packet to CGF1. In case no acknowledgement or a successful response is received (2) from CGF1 due to any reason, e.g. such as the request not reaching CGF1 despite repeated attempts (or the responses from CGF1 to the CDF are lost after the CGF1 has either stored it securely, or, forwarded it towards post-processing (2b)), the unacknowledged CDR packets are redirected to CGF2. The invocation for a re-transmission may be triggered by a time-out mechanism. + +The CDF may first test the CDF-CGF2 link by sending an 'Echo Request' message to CGF2, in response to which CGF2 would respond with the 'Echo Response' message. The CDR packets not successfully received by the primary CGF (=CGF1) are sent to CGF2 (3), and are marked as potential duplicates, and CGF2 responds to the request(s) (4). Such CDRs, i.e. CDRs that are marked as potential duplicates would wait there for further commands from CDF. + +When the CDF detects (5) & (6) that the primary CGF, in this case CGF1 is again able to communicate with it on receiving *Node Alive Request* (or getting a *Echo Response* from CGF2 to a *Echo Request* sent by the CDF) it answers by *Node Alive Response*. Then the CDF tests CGF1 with an empty packet (7), retrying continuously if no response is received, using e.g. increasing timeouts (using the old unacknowledged packet's Sequence Number, if the CGF1 would consider the packet to be a new one (8a) or an already received one (8b)). According to the response received from + +CGF1, the CDF gives the CGF2 a command to either release (9a) or cancel (9b) the corresponding CDR packet from CGF2. CGF2 then confirms the decision (10), and is able to send the CDRs towards the BS (11a). + +**Error handling:** By default, retransmissions after configurable timeouts are used. If after the CGF1 communication failure, the CDR packet sending from CDF to CGF2 does not succeed, the CDF tries to use CGF3 as the intermediate CDR packet storage entity, etc. If no acknowledgement (10) is received by the CDF for its message(s) (9a) or (9b), the CDF will retransmit the message (9a) or (9b) continuously and persistently, using e.g. increasing time intervals. An alarm should be sent to the O&M system if a communication link goes down. It shall be possible to release/cancel CDR packets from CGFs and unacknowledged sequence numbers from CDFs by O&M operations if permanent CDF-CGF link failures would occur. The buffers containing the Sequence Numbers of potentially duplicated packets, and the buffers containing the numbers of unacknowledged CDR packets shall be kept up to date (with CDR packet transfers) using transaction mechanisms. In the case of the CDF-CGF1 communication link being down, any new CDRs generated by the CDF are sent to a properly working CGF2, instead of the CGF1. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the General CGF redundancy messaging scheme. The diagram shows interactions between a CDF, CGF1, CGF2, and a post-processing System. CDRs are shown being stored in buffers within CGF1, CGF2, and the post-processing System. The sequence of messages is: 1. CDF to CGF1: Send Data Record Packet; 2. CGF1 to post-processing System: CDRs; 3. CDF to CGF2: Send Data Record Packet: pot.dupl.; 4. CGF2 to CDF: Request Accepted; 5. CDF to CGF1: Node Alive Request; 6. CGF1 to CDF: Node Alive Response; 7. CDF to CGF1: Send Data Record Packet: pot.dupl., empty; 8.a) CGF1 to CDF: Request Accepted; 8.b) CDF to CGF1: Req. rel. to poss. dupl. packet already fulfilled; 9.a) CDF to CGF2: Release Data Record Packet; 9.b) CDF to CGF2: Cancel Data Record Packet; 10. CGF2 to CDF: Request Accepted; 11.a) CGF2 to post-processing System: CDRs. A 'No response to CDF' is indicated between steps 1 and 2.](9cd90f495b95ad2116ff780248c26d95_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CDF + participant CGF1 + participant CGF2 + participant PS as post-processing System + + Note right of CGF1: CDRs + Note right of PS: CDRs + Note right of CGF2: CDRs + + CDF->>CGF1: 1. Send Data Record Packet + CGF1-->>CDF: 2. ( No response to CDF) + CGF1->>PS: 2.b) CDRs + CDF->>CGF2: 3. Send Data Record Packet: pot.dupl. + CGF2-->>CDF: 4. Request Accepted + CDF->>CGF1: 5. Node Alive Request + CGF1-->>CDF: 6. Node Alive Response + CDF->>CGF1: 7. Send Data Record Packet: pot.dupl., empty + CGF1-->>CDF: 8.a) Request Accepted + CDF->>CGF1: 8.b) Req. rel. to poss. dupl. packet already fulfilled + CDF->>CGF2: 9.a) Release Data Record Packet + CDF->>CGF2: 9.b) Cancel Data Record Packet + CGF2-->>CDF: 10. Request Accepted + CGF2->>PS: 11.a) CDRs + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the General CGF redundancy messaging scheme. The diagram shows interactions between a CDF, CGF1, CGF2, and a post-processing System. CDRs are shown being stored in buffers within CGF1, CGF2, and the post-processing System. The sequence of messages is: 1. CDF to CGF1: Send Data Record Packet; 2. CGF1 to post-processing System: CDRs; 3. CDF to CGF2: Send Data Record Packet: pot.dupl.; 4. CGF2 to CDF: Request Accepted; 5. CDF to CGF1: Node Alive Request; 6. CGF1 to CDF: Node Alive Response; 7. CDF to CGF1: Send Data Record Packet: pot.dupl., empty; 8.a) CGF1 to CDF: Request Accepted; 8.b) CDF to CGF1: Req. rel. to poss. dupl. packet already fulfilled; 9.a) CDF to CGF2: Release Data Record Packet; 9.b) CDF to CGF2: Cancel Data Record Packet; 10. CGF2 to CDF: Request Accepted; 11.a) CGF2 to post-processing System: CDRs. A 'No response to CDF' is indicated between steps 1 and 2. + +**Figure 5.6: General CGF redundancy messaging scheme** + +##### **A more detailed description of the CGF redundancy mechanism:** + +Due to a network failure/network congestion or a temporary node failure, a CGF might not be able to send a response within the configured timeout period to a request it got from a CDF. As a first attempt, retries of requests are to be used as defined in TS 29.060 [200], if the response is not received in the configured time. + +If a CDF loses its connection to the CGF unexpectedly, it may send the CDRs to the next CGF in the priority list. If the CGF changes, the CDF can continue sending CDRs to different CGF nodes, depending on which CGF has been configured as the receiver of CDRs for a particular service. + +**Sequence number buffers:** The CDF might lose its connection to its primary CGF due to a link failure or CGF going down. In this kind of redundancy condition the CDF attempts to redirect the CDR traffic to a secondary CGF (after possible retries have failed). The CDF maintains an internal buffer for Sequence Numbers of requests not yet successfully responded to by the primary CGF, for the case that it may become capable of communicating to the primary CGF at a later date. The CDF will send the not responded Data Record Packets (DRPs) to the secondary CGF, and the CDF maintains also a buffer for the Sequence Numbers related to those DRPs that have been temporarily stored to this secondary CGF. (If the communication towards the secondary CGF would not work, the transfer of possibly duplicated DRPs and Sequence Number bookkeeping would be done for a tertiary CGF etc.) Also the CGFs maintain Sequence Number buffers for each of their CDF links. The Sequence Numbers may in future be needed in relation to the possibly duplicated CDRs that the CGFs have got from the CDF(s). The Sequence Numbers are stored to wait for a final decision to release them towards the BS (if the primary CGF had not received successfully the packets originally sent by a CDF) or to cancel them (if the primary CGF had received and processed successfully the originally by CDF sent packets). + +The CDF is able to instruct CGF2 to cancel (or instruct CGF2 to transfer towards the BS), the CDR packets sent to a secondary CGF if the primary CGF becomes available for service. To make the right decision the CDF first sends an empty test packet with the 'Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet' Packet Transfer Command to the primary CGF, using a previously not responded Sequence Number. + +In case that the empty test packet to the primary CGF (which was temporarily down (or to which the link was down)) is responded with the **Cause** value "Request Accepted", the CDF will release the corresponding CDRs waiting for final decision in the secondary CGF, towards the BD with the Packet Transfer Command "Release Data Record Packet". + +If the primary CGF responses this test message with the **Cause** value "Request related to possibly duplicated packets already fulfilled", the CDF will cancel the corresponding CDRs waiting for final decision in the secondary CGF, using the Packet Transfer Command "Cancel Data Record Packet". + +To enable that a CDF failure (destroying its Sequence Number buffers per each CGF link for non-responded requests or possibly duplicated packets) would not cause CDR packets to stay forever in the temporary decision waiting buffers of CGFs, there should also be O&M means of emptying those CGF buffers. + +There shall also be a configurable parameter in the CGF for making the final decision, as to whether or not it is able to send the CDRs to the BS for the case where the backup buffering mechanism in the CDF could not be used until the end of the messaging sequence related to a certain CDR packet has been completed. This way the operator can: + +- A) Select that the CDFs and CGFs take care of duplicate prevention and the BS is not required to do duplicate checking due to possible duplicates caused by Network Element or CGF redundancy mechanisms. +- B) Select that the BS performs the duplicate prevention. To do this in the most effective way, the CGF may include an additional flag linked to possibly duplicated CDRs sent to the BS, indicating that they have not been released by a CDF for BS use (or use special kind of file name if a file protocol is used between CGF and BS). This means that the BS has somewhat more processing work to do, but the BS would anyway get a duplicate free end result. CGF is in this case always authorised to forward CDRs towards the BS, also when they contain possibly duplicated data. For this case the CGFs may also have a configurable flag that *Data Record Packet Cancel/Release* operations are not needed. + +# --- 6 Data description for the transfer + +## 6.1 The GTP' charging protocol + +This clause describes the features of GTP'. The message types described in subclause 6.2.2 ("Reused GTP message types") are also described in the related clauses of TS 29.060 [200]. + +### 6.1.1 Usage of GTP Header in charging + +In GTP' messaging only the signalling plane of GTP is partly reused. The GTP' header is shown in Figure 6.1. + +Bit 5 of octet 1 of the GTP header is the Protocol Type (PT) flag: it is '0' if the message is GTP'. + +The *Version* bits indicate the GTP' protocol version when the Protocol Type flag is '0'. + +Bit 1 of octet 1 is not used in GTP' (except in v0), and it is marked '0' in the GTP' header. It is in use in GTP' v0 and distinguishes the used header-length. In the case of GTP' v0, this bit being marked one (1) indicates the usage of the 6 octets header. If the bit is set to '0' (usually the case) the 20-octet header is used. For all other versions of GTP', this bit is not used and is set to '0'. However, this does not suggest the use of the 20-octet header, rather a shorter 6-octet header. + +The *Length* indicates the length of payload (number of octets after the GTP' header). The *Sequence Number* of the packet is part of the GTP' header. + +![](e636d7ccca0ad14c6b95201404324823_img.jpg) + +| Octets | Bits | | | | | | | | +|--------|-----------------|---|----|-----------------|---|---|---------|---| +| | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 1 | Version | | PT | Spare ' 1 1 1 ' | | | ' 0/1 ' | | +| 2 | Message Type | | | | | | | | +| 3 - 4 | Length | | | | | | | | +| 5 - 6 | Sequence Number | | | | | | | | + +Figure 6.1: GTP' header + +### 6.1.2 Information Elements (IEs) + +The messages may contain several Information Elements (IEs). The TLV (Type, Length, Value) or TV (Type, Value) encoding formats shall be used for the GTP' IEs. The GTP' messages shall have the IEs sorted with the *Type* fields in ascending order. The *Length* field shall contain the IE length excluding the Type and Length fields. + +Within the *Type* field the most significant bit will be set to 0 when the TV format is used and set to 1 when the TLV format is used. This is illustrated in Figures 6.2 and b, respectively. + +![](cd141897aa368dbbaa398ace230cdd85_img.jpg) + +| | | Bits | | | | | | | | +|-------------------|---|------|-----------------|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| Octets | | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| (a) | 1 | 0 | Type->TV format | | | | | | | + + + +| | | Bits | | | | | | | | +|-------------------|---|------|------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| Octets | | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| (b) | 1 | 1 | Type->TLV format | | | | | | | + +Figure 6.2: Type field for (a) TV and (b) TLV format + +## 6.2 GTP' Message Types + +### 6.2.1 List of all GTP' message types + +GTP' defines a set of messages between two associated nodes. The GTP' messages defined are shown in Table 6.1. The messages introduced by GTP' are in **boldface** letters. The other messages are inherited from the GTP protocol. + +The GTP' introduced signalling message types + +- Node Alive Request, +- Node Alive Response, +- Redirection Request and +- Redirection Response + +belong to the "Path Management messages", while + +- *Data Record Transfer Request* and +- *Data Record Transfer Response* + +are from the message type group "Record Transmission messages". + +The reserved fields in the signalling messages shall be filled with ones, and are intended for future use. + +GTP' reuses the GTP **Cause** values. The message type numbers required for the newly introduced GTP' messages have been derived from the unallocated message type number space specified in the GTP message table defined in TS 29.060 [200]. + +The number ranges allocated for GTP' are as follows: + +For Information Elements: 117-127 (TV type fields) and 239-254 (for TLV type fields). + +TLV Information Element types introduced in the present document: + +| | | +|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 254 | Address of Recommended Node | +| 253 | Requests Responded | +| 252 | Data Record Packet | +| 251 | Charging Gateway Address (this IE is also used in TS 29.060 [200]) | +| 250 | Sequence Numbers of Cancelled Packets | +| 249 | Sequence Numbers of Released Packets | + +TV Information Element types introduced in the present document: + +| | | +|-----|--------------------------------| +| 127 | Charging ID | +| 126 | Packet Transfer Command | + +For **Cause** Codes: **Cause** values used in requests: 49 to 63, **Cause** values used in responses indicating acceptance: 177 to 191, **Cause** values used in responses indicating rejection: 241 to 255. + +Charging related **Cause** values introduced for the present document: + +In requests: + +| | | +|----|-----------------------------------------------| +| 63 | This node is about to go down | +| 62 | Another node is about to go down | +| 61 | The receive buffers are becoming full | +| 60 | The transmit buffers are becoming full | +| 59 | System failure | + +In responses indicating acceptance: + +| | | +|-----|---------------------------| +| 177 | CDR decoding error | +|-----|---------------------------| + +In responses indicating rejection: + +| | | +|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 255 | Request not fulfilled | +| 254 | Sequence numbers of released/cancelled packets IE incorrect | +| 253 | Request already fulfilled | +| 252 | Request related to possibly duplicated packets already fulfilled | + +The charging related message types are listed in Table 6.1. Brief descriptions of the GTP messages reused in GTP' are provided in subclause 6.2.2 ("Reused GTP message types") below. Further details are provided in TS 29.060 [200], the GTP specification. + +| Message Type value (Decimal) | GTP' message | +|------------------------------|-------------------------------| +| 1 | Echo Request | +| 2 | Echo Response | +| 3 | Version Not Supported | +| 4 | Node Alive Request | +| 5 | Node Alive Response | +| 6 | Redirection Request | +| 7 | Redirection Response | +| | | +| 240 | Data Record Transfer Request | +| 241 | Data Record Transfer Response | +| others | reserved for future use | + +Table 6.1: GTP' messages + +### 6.2.2 Reused GTP message types + +The existing *Echo Request* and *Echo Response* messages defined in TS 29.060 [200] are also used in PS domain charging. They may be used by the CDF or by the CGF for checking if another CDF or CGF is alive. If the present document and TS 29.060 [200] differ in their description, then the TS 29.060 [200] is to be taken as the latest specification status of the related Information Elements. If the path protocol is TCP, *Echo Request* and *Echo Response* messages are not required. + +The *Version Not Supported* message in the GTP' is similar to the corresponding GTP message. It indicates the latest GTP' version that the GTP' entity can support. If a receiving node receives a GTP' message of an unsupported version, then this node shall return a GTP' *Version Not Supported* message, indicating in the Version field of the GTP' header the latest GTP' version, this node supports. The received payload data of the GTP' packet shall then be discarded. + +The *Version* bits in the GTP' header have currently the following possible values: + +- GTP' version 0 (binary '000') identifies the following Message Type values: + - 3 = Version Not Supported, + - 4 = Node Alive Request, + - 5 = Node Alive Response, + - 6 = Redirection Request, + - 7 = Redirection Response. + +In clause 7.3.4.6 the Requests Responded information element has Length field in place of the Number of Requests Responded field, to make that TLV IE to be handled like normal TLV IEs. + +If GTP' v0 is used in parallel with GTP' v2 or a later version, then, a 6-octet header length (with no trailing dummy octets) is used also with v0 (like in GTP' v2). + +The mark of the usage of GTP' v0 with 6 octet header (instead of the original 20 octet long header) is then the version bits being 0 and the bit 1 of octet 1 being '1' (instead of '0'). + +- GTP' version 1 (binary '001') is the same as version 0 but has, in addendum, the duplicate CDR prevention mechanism, introduced in GSM 12.15 version 7.2.1 (1999-07) of the GPRS charging specification. +- GTP' version 2 (binary '010') is the same as version 1, but the header is just 6 octets long (no unused trailing octets). IPv6 address type is also supported (for Address of Recommended Node information element of the Redirection Request). + +### 6.2.3 GTP message type modifications, implied by GTP' + +The general principle is that the CDRs are always sent to a CGF residing in the same network as the CDF. In the case of roaming it is conceivable that some CDRs relating to the same service (e.g. in PS domain for the same IP-CAN bearer) will be sent to different networks' CGFs. The cost balancing of the roaming traffic is to be agreed between the UMTS Operators. + +### 6.2.4 GTP' message types + +#### 6.2.4.1 Node Alive Request + +The *Node Alive Request* message may be used to inform that a node in the network has started its service (e.g. after a service break due to software or hardware maintenance or data service interruption after an error condition). A node may send a different Node Address than its own in the Information Element, e.g. informing the "next node in the chain" that the "previous node in the chain" (which is located on the other side of the sender of this message) is now ready for service. This message type is optional if the Path Protocol is TCP. + +The *Node Alive Request* message allows a quicker reconnect capability than the *Echo Request* message based polling can provide, and its usage will have a reduced load effect on the network, particularly when the number of network nodes using GTP' is high. It may also be used to inform when a new network node has become available for service. If the *Echo Request* message is also used, then the usage of the *Node Alive Request* message allows the interval of *Echo Requests* to be longer, thus reducing network load by reducing number of *Echo Requests*. + +The Information elements in a Node Alive Request message are shown in Table 6.2. + +| Information Element | Presence requirement | +|--------------------------|----------------------| +| Node Address | Mandatory | +| Alternative Node Address | Optional | +| Private Extension | Optional | + +**Table 6.2: Information Elements in a Node Alive Request** + +The Node Address format is the same as for the Charging Gateway Address format described in TS 29.060 [200]). + +The format definition for the Node Address information element is the same as the format of the source and destination address of the IP packet that transports the GTP' messages. The optional Alternative Node Address IE can be used in the *Node Alive Request* if the message sender wants to advertise an IP address that is different from the node address format. This way both the IPv4 and IPv6 node address formats can be supported simultaneously in the messaging, regardless of whether IPv4 or IPv6 is used in the underlying transport. + +The optional Private Extension IE contains vendor- or operator-specific information. + +#### 6.2.4.2 Node Alive Response + +The *Node Alive Response* message, shown in Table 6.3, shall be sent as a response to a received *Node Alive Request*. + +| Information Element | Presence requirement | +|---------------------|----------------------| +| Private Extension | Optional | + +**Table 6.3: Information Elements in a Node Alive Response** + +The optional Private Extension IE contains vendor- or operator-specific information. + +#### 6.2.4.3 Redirection Request + +There are two use cases for the *Redirection Request* message: + +- One is to advise that received CDR traffic is to be redirected to another CGF due to the sending CGF node is about to stop service (due to an outage for maintenance or an error condition). +- The second purpose is to inform a CDF which is currently sending data to this node (e.g. CGF), that the next node in the chain (e.g. a mediator device or Billing Computer) has lost connection to this node (e.g. CGF). + +The Information Elements in a *Redirection Request* Message are listed in Table 6.4. + +An *Address of Recommended Node* may be given if, for example, a CGF maintenance outage is handled by first introducing another CGF ready to take incoming CDRs. This way, the network performance can be maintained. The *Address of Recommended Node* shall only describe an intra-PLMN node containing a CGF, and not a node in any other PLMN. + +| Information Element | Presence requirement | +|-----------------------------------------|----------------------| +| Cause | Mandatory | +| Address of Recommended Node | Optional | +| Alternative Address of Recommended Node | Optional | +| Private Extension | Optional | + +**Table 6.4: Information Elements in a Redirection Request** + +Possible **Cause** values are: + +- "This node is about to go down"; +- "Another node is about to go down"; +- "System failure"; +- "Receive buffers becoming full"; +- "Send buffers becoming full". + +The *Address of Recommended Node* information element, shown in Figure 6.3, defines the IPv4 or IPv6 format address that the node is identified by in the UMTS network. + +![Figure 6.3: Address of Recommended Node information elements. The diagram shows two tables representing the structure of the information element for IPv4 and IPv6. The IPv4 table has 3 rows: Octet 1 (Type = 254), Octets 2-3 (Length = 4), and Octets 4-7 (IPv4 Address). The IPv6 table has 3 rows: Octet 1 (Type = 254), Octets 2-3 (Length = 16), and Octets 4-19 (IPv6 Address). Both tables include a header row for Bits 8 through 1.](19a5f0db57a21a0e82a7f326083e96fd_img.jpg) + +**IPv4 Address of Recommended Node** + +| | Bits | | | | | | | | +|--------|----------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| Octets | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 1 | Type = 254 (Decimal) | | | | | | | | +| 2-3 | Length = 4 (Decimal) | | | | | | | | +| 4-7 | IPv4 Address | | | | | | | | + +**IPv6 Address of Recommended Node** + +| | Bits | | | | | | | | +|--------|-----------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| Octets | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 1 | Type = 254 (Decimal) | | | | | | | | +| 2-3 | Length = 16 (Decimal) | | | | | | | | +| 4-19 | IPv6 Address | | | | | | | | + +Figure 6.3: Address of Recommended Node information elements. The diagram shows two tables representing the structure of the information element for IPv4 and IPv6. The IPv4 table has 3 rows: Octet 1 (Type = 254), Octets 2-3 (Length = 4), and Octets 4-7 (IPv4 Address). The IPv6 table has 3 rows: Octet 1 (Type = 254), Octets 2-3 (Length = 16), and Octets 4-19 (IPv6 Address). Both tables include a header row for Bits 8 through 1. + +**Figure 6.3: Address of Recommended Node information elements** + +The format definition for the *Address of Recommended Node* information element is the same as the format of the source and destination address of the IP packet that transports the GTP' messages. The optional *Alternative Address of Recommended Node* IE can be used in the *Node Alive Request* if the message sender wants to advertise an IP address that is different from the node address format. This way both the IPv4 and IPv6 node address formats can be supported simultaneously in the messaging, regardless of whether IPv4 or IPv6 is used in the underlying transport. + +The optional Private Extension contains vendor- or operator- specific information. + +#### 6.2.4.4 Redirection Response + +A *Redirection Response* message shall be sent as a response of a received *Redirection Request*. The information elements of this message are listed in Table 6.5. + +| Information Element | Presence requirement | +|---------------------|----------------------| +| Cause | Mandatory | +| Private Extension | Optional | + +**Table 6.5: Information Elements in a Redirection Response** + +Possible **Cause** values are: + +- "Request Accepted"; + +- "No resources available"; +- "Service not supported"; +- "System failure"; +- "Mandatory IE incorrect"; +- "Mandatory IE missing"; +- "Optional IE incorrect"; +- "Invalid message format"; +- "Version not supported". + +The optional Private Extension contains vendor- or operator-specific information. + +#### 6.2.4.5 Data Record Transfer Request + +This message is used to transmit the CDR(s) to the CGF. + +The CDRs are placed in the *Data Record Packet* information element. + +##### 6.2.4.5.1 Information Elements in Data Record Transfer Request + +The Information Elements in *Data Record Transfer Request* message is specified in Table 6.6. + +| Information Element | Presence requirement | +|---------------------------------------|----------------------| +| Packet Transfer Command | Mandatory | +| Data Record Packet | Conditional | +| Sequence Numbers of Released Packets | Conditional | +| Sequence Numbers of Cancelled Packets | Conditional | +| Private Extension | Optional | + +**Table 6.6: Information Elements in a Data Record Transfer Request** + +##### 6.2.4.5.2 Packet Transfer Command IE + +The value of the Packet Transfer Command in its Information Element tells the nature of the message: + +- 1 = 'Send Data Record Packet'; +- 2 = 'Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet'; +- 3 = 'Cancel Data Record Packet'; +- 4 = 'Release Data Record Packet'. + +The following describes the usage of each Packet Transfer Command. The first command is for normal CDR transfer while the other values are only used as part of the redundancy mechanism. + +- 1) **Send Data Record Packet.** This is the usual command used for sending CDRs under normal conditions when no error recovery is needed or the redirection mechanism is not involved. It is shown in Figure 6.5. The other three commands are being used only in error recovery cases. Out of the three conditional IEs shown in Table 6.6, only the "Data Record Packet" is present in this message. +- 2) **Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet.** When the CDR packet is redirected to a secondary CGF (by a CDF) because the currently used CGF is not working or the CDR transfer is not working properly, or if there is an error in the link between the CDF and the CGF, then this Packet Transfer Command is used instead of the normal 'Send Data Record Packet'. Of the conditional IEs, the "Data Record Packet" is present in the message, when sending the message to a CGF acting as temporary storage, when the original primary CGF could not be contacted. This Packet Transfer Command is used also when sending "empty" test packets with older (but not yet acknowledged) sequence numbers after a peer node or link recovery, to check if the CGF had received some Data Record Packets (whose acknowledgement did not come to the *Data Record Packet* sending node) before the link to the recipient node became inoperable. +- 3) **Cancel Data Record Packet.** Of the conditional IEs, the "Sequence Numbers of Cancelled Packets" is present in the message. +- 4) **Release Data Record Packet.** Of the conditional IEs, the "Sequence Numbers of Released Packets" is present in the message. + +| Octets | Bits | | | | | | | | +|--------|-------------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 1 | Type = 126 (Decimal) | | | | | | | | +| 2 | Packet Transfer Command | | | | | | | | + +**Figure 6.5: Packet Transfer Command information element** + +After the CGF has received the *Packet Transfer Command* 'Release Data Record Packet' with the Sequence Number(s) for earlier sent 'Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet' command(s), it can consider itself authorised to send the *Data Record Packets* previously marked as possibly duplicated towards the BD as normal (not duplicated) CDRs. + +##### 6.2.4.5.3 Data Record Packet IE + +The *Data Record Packet* element, which is present conditionally if the Packet Transfer Command is 'Send Data Record Packet' or 'Send possibly duplicated Data Record Packet', may contain one or more CDRs. This IE is illustrated in Figure 6.6. If an "empty packet" is to be sent, then the *Data Record Packet* IE contains only the *Type* (with value 252 in decimal) and the *Length* (with value 0) fields. + +As shown in Figure 6.6, there are two fields identifying the CDR format: + +*Data Record Format* and *Data Record Format Version*. + +The format of the CDRs is ASN.1 or some other format, as identified by the value of *Data Record Format*. + +The *Data Record Format Version* identifies the TS release and version numbers that were used for the CDR encoding. + +The formats of these two fields are described in detail in sections 6.3 and 6.4. + +| Octets | Bits | | | | | | | | +|---------|----------------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 1 | Type = 252 (Decimal) | | | | | | | | +| 2...3 | Length | | | | | | | | +| 4 | Number of Data Records | | | | | | | | +| 5 | Data Record Format | | | | | | | | +| 6...7 | Data Record Format Version | | | | | | | | +| 8...9 | Length of Data Record 1 | | | | | | | | +| 10...n | Data Record 1 | | | | | | | | +| | ⋮ | | | | | | | | +| x...x+1 | Length of Data Record N | | | | | | | | +| x+2...y | Data Record N | | | | | | | | + +**Figure 6.6: Data Record Packet information element** + +##### 6.2.4.5.4 Sequence Numbers of Released Packets IE + +The *Sequence Numbers of Released Packets* is present if the *Packet Transfer Command* is 'Release Data Record Packet'. The format of the Information Element is described in Figure 6.7 below: + +![](2ae3eae1bd80a90f192f568ae246a9a6_img.jpg) + +| Octets | Bits | | | | | | | | +|---------|-------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 1 | Type = 249 | | | | | | | | +| 2...3 | Length | | | | | | | | +| 4...5 | Sequence Number 1 | | | | | | | | +| ... | ... | | | | | | | | +| n...n+1 | Sequence Number N | | | | | | | | + +**Figure 6.7: Sequence Numbers of Released Packets information element** + +##### 6.2.4.5.5 Sequence Numbers of Cancelled Packets IE + +The *Sequence Numbers of Cancelled Packets* information element is shown in Figure 6.8 and contains the IE *Type*, *Length* and the *Sequence Number(s)* (each 2 octets) of the cancelled *Data Record Transfer Request(s)*. It is present if the *Packet Transfer Command* is "Cancel Data Record Packet". + +![](e29665b8abcea967ef289c6aff07ae4c_img.jpg) + +| Octets | Bits | | | | | | | | +|---------|-------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 1 | Type = 250 | | | | | | | | +| 2...3 | Length | | | | | | | | +| 4...5 | Sequence Number 1 | | | | | | | | +| ... | ... | | | | | | | | +| n...n+1 | Sequence Number N | | | | | | | | + +**Figure 6.8: Sequence Numbers of Cancelled Packets information element** + +##### 6.2.4.5.6 Private Extension IE + +The optional *Private Extension* contains vendor or operator specific information. + +#### 6.2.4.6 Data Record Transfer Response + +The message shall be sent as a response of a received *Data Record Transfer Request*. Also, several *Data Record Transfer Requests* can be responded by a single *Data Record Transfer Response*. + +| Information Element | Presence requirement | +|---------------------|----------------------| +| Cause | Mandatory | +| Requests Responded | Mandatory | +| Private Extension | Optional | + +**Table 6.7: Information Elements in a Data Record Transfer Response** + +The **Cause** (whatever the value may be) applies for all those *Data Record Transfer Requests*, responded by that particular *Data Record Transfer Response*. + +Possible **Cause** values are: + +- "Request Accepted"; +- "No resources available"; +- "Service not supported"; + +- "System failure"; +- "Mandatory IE incorrect"; +- "Mandatory IE missing"; +- "Optional IE incorrect"; +- "Invalid message format"; +- "Version not supported"; +- "Request not fulfilled"; +- "CDR decoding error"; +- "Request already fulfilled"; +- "Request related to possibly duplicated packet already fulfilled"; +- "Sequence numbers of released/cancelled packets IE incorrect". + +The **cause** value "CDR decoding error" is optional, primarily intended to inform the CDF that the receiving node cannot decode the CDR. Thus, special features in the receiving node that are based on information within the CDR, would not be operable. This message could alert the operator of a remote generating node of incompatible CDR encoding. It is optional and no action or response is required. + +The **Requests Responded** information element contains the IE *Type*, *Length* and the *Sequence Numbers* (each 2 octets) of the *Data Record Transfer Requests*. It is shown in Figure 6.9. + +![](705ee99c3c44fd2a1ea6a3348ce8878f_img.jpg) + +| Octets | Bits | | | | | | | | +|---------|-------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 1 | Type = 253 | | | | | | | | +| 2..3 | Length | | | | | | | | +| 4..5 | Sequence Number 1 | | | | | | | | +| ... | | | | | | | | | +| n...n+1 | Sequence Number 2 | | | | | | | | + +**Figure 6.9: Requests Responded information element** + +The optional *Private Extension* contains vendor or operator specific information. + +Depending on the **Cause** value severity and general occurrence frequency, the node that sent the corresponding *Data Record Transfer Request*, may start to direct its CDRs to another CGF. + +## 6.3 Data Record Format in GTP' + +The format of the PS domain CDRs, sent from CDF to CGF, is defined by the *Data Record Format*, which is the 5th octet of *Data Record Packet* information element, shown in Figure 6.6. + +The following rules govern the *Data Record Format*: + +- This field consists of one octet (#5). +- The value range is 1-255 in decimal. The value '0' should not be used. +- Only the values 1-10 and 51-255 can be used for standards purposes. +- Values in the range of 11-50 are to be configured only by operators, and are not subject to standardization. +- The value '1' identifies ASN.1 Basic Encoding Rules (BER) encoding, which must be supported in PS domain charging. +Other values for optional encodings are specified in subclause 6.3.1. + +### 6.3.1 Standard Data Record Format + +For the PS domain CDR transfer, defined by the present document, only an ASN.1 BER encoding is mandatory. For this encoding, the *Data Record Format* value is '1'. + +Other ASN.1 encodings may be supported optionally, with *Data Record Format* values as indicated below: + +- "1" signifies the use of Basic Encoding Rules (BER) +- "2" signifies the use of unaligned basic Packed Encoding Rules (PER) +- "3" signifies the use of aligned basic Packed Encoding Rules (PER) + +### 6.3.2 Private Data Record Formats + +The *Data Record Format* values 11...50 (decimal) are reserved for private (implementation specific) format use. + +## 6.4 Data Record Format Version for CDRs + +The CDR release and versions numbers are defined by the '*Data Record Format Version*', in octet 6 and 7 of the *Data Record Packet IE*, shown in Figure 6.6. The format of this field is depicted in Figure 6.10. + +The first octet (#6 in *Data Record Packet IE*) is divided into two fields each with 4 bits : + +The first field (bits 8-5 of octet 6, see figure 6.10) identifies the application. For charging purposes, the *Application Identifier* has a value of '1' (decimal). + +Other possible applications of GTP may use different numbers. + +The second field (bits 4-1 of octet 6, see figure 6.10) identifies the release. + +The *Release Identifier* indicates the TS release, used to encode the CDR, i.e. its value corresponds to the first digit of the version number of the document [51], as shown on the cover sheet. + +The second octet (#7 in *Data Record Packet IE*) identifies the version of the TS used to encode the CDR, i.e. its value corresponds to the second digit of the version number of the document [51] (as shown on the cover sheet), plus '1'. + +E.g. for version 3.4.0, the *Version Identifier* would be "5". + +In circumstances where the second digit is an alphabetical character, (e.g. 3.b.0), the corresponding ASCII value shall be taken, e.g. the *Version Identifier* would be "66" (ASCII(b)). + +![](6a5c8326029e6290e69a5f43d6ed4548_img.jpg) + +| | | Bits | | | | | | | | +|--------|---|-------------------------------|---|---|---|---------------------------|---|---|---| +| | | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| Octets | 6 | Application Identifier | | | | Release Identifier | | | | +| | 7 | Version Identifier | | | | | | | | + +Figure 6.10: The Format of the *Data Record Format Version* Field + +# --- Annex A (informative): Bibliography + +## a) The 3GPP charging specifications + +- 3GPP TS 32.252: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.260: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.271: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Location Services (LCS) charging". +- 3GPP TS 32.296: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Online Charging System (OCS) applications and interfaces". + +## b) Common 3GPP specifications + +- TS 22.101: "Service aspects; Service Principles". +- TS 22.115: "Service aspects; Charging and billing". +- TS 23.002: "Network Architecture". +- TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". +- TS 27.001: "General on Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for Mobile Stations (MS)". + +## c) other Domain and Service specific 3GPP / ETSI specifications + +- + +## d) Relevant ITU Recommendations + +- ITU-T Recommendation D.93: "Charging and accounting in the international land mobile telephone service (provided via cellular radio systems)". +- ITU-T Recommendation E.164: "The international public telecommunication numbering plan". +- ITU-T Recommendation Q.767: "Application of the ISDN user part of CCITT signalling System No.7 for international ISDN interconnections". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.25: "Interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) for terminals operating in the packet mode and connected to public data networks by dedicated circuit". +- ITU-T Recommendation X.121: "International numbering plan for public data networks". + +## e) Relevant IETF RFCs + +- IETF RFC 959 (1985): "File Transfer Protocol". +- IETF RFC 3588 (2003): "Diameter base protocol" +- IETF Internet-Draft "Diameter Credit Control Application" +- IETF RFC 1350: "The TFT Protocol (Revision 2)" + +# Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Sep 2004 | SA 25 | SP-040553 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#25 for Approval | 1.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Jun 2005 | SA 28 | SP-050275 | 0001 | -- | Correction to scope | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Jun 2005 | SA 28 | SP-050275 | 0002 | -- | Correction to references | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Jun 2005 | SA_28 | SP-050275 | 0003 | -- | Correction on the use of 'reference point' and 'interface' – Align with TR 21.905 | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA 36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. | 6.1.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Jun 2008 | SA 40 | SP-080274 | 0004 | -- | Implication on CDR transfer for EPC Charging | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SA 45 | SP-090536 | 0005 | -- | UDP Port number differentiation between GTPv2 and GTPv2 | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32301/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32301/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..650e47618e419a3e2eac9b1339d80b58b9fcf2b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32301/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +- Foreword .....4 +- Introduction .....4 +- 1 Scope.....6 +- 2 References.....6 +- 3 Definitions and abbreviations .....6 + - 3.1 Definitions.....6 + - 3.2 Abbreviations .....7 +- 4 Notification management functions over Itf-N.....7 + - 4.1 Notification mechanism subscription functions.....7 + - 4.2 Subscription control functions .....7 + - 4.3 Notification control functions .....7 + - 4.4 Function to discover notification capabilities .....7 + - 4.5 Generic notification header .....8 +- Annex A (informative): Change history.....9 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.301: Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements** +- 32.302: Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS) +- 32.306: Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions + +The Itf-N interface is built up by a number of Integration Reference Points (IRPs) and a related Name Convention, which realise the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +Network Elements (NEs) under management and element managers generate notifications of events about occurrences within the network. Different kinds of events carry different kinds of information. For instance a new alarm as specified in Alarm IRP: Information Service [3], is one possible kind of event, an object creation as specified in Basic CM IRP: Information Service [4] is another possible kind of event. + +Information of an event is carried in notification. An IRP Agent (typically an EM or a NE) emits notifications. IRP Manager (typically a network management system) receives notifications. The purpose of Notification IRP is to define an interface through which an IRP Manager can subscribe to IRP Agent for receiving notifications. + +This IRP bases its design on work captured in ITU-T Recommendation X.734 [5], OMG Notification Service [6]. The central design ideas are: + +- Separation of notification Consumers (IRP Managers) from Producers (IRP Agents); +- Notifications are sent to IRP Managers without the need for IRP Managers to periodically check for new notifications. + +Common characteristics related to notifications in all other IRPs are gathered in one IRP. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The purpose of Notification IRP is to define an interface through which an IRPManager can subscribe to an IRPAgent for receiving notifications. The present document is the "Requirements" of Notification IRP. It defines, for the purpose of subscribing to an IRPAgent for receiving notifications, the basic requirements that shall be fulfilled on Itf-N. + +How IRPManager discovers the IRPAgent's address or reference (so that IRPManager can invoke an operation) is outside the scope of the present document. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.602: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [5] ITU-T Recommendation X.734: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management: Event report management function". +- [6] OMG: "OMG Notification Service". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: + +**Element Manager (EM):** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**IRPAgent:** See 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +**IRPManager:** See 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +**Network Manager (NM):** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FM | Fault Management | + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------------| +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| NE | Network Element | +| NR | Network Resource | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| OS | Operations System | +| TM | Telecom Management | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +# --- 4 Notification management functions over Itf-N + +## 4.1 Notification mechanism subscription functions + +The IRP Agent shall provide IRP Managers with the capabilities to subscribe and unsubscribe to the notification mechanism. An IRP Manager shall be able to specify the types of notifications IRP Agent should emit to IRP Manager during subscription, to specify filtering criteria that shall be applied by the notification mechanism. An IRP Manager shall be able to subscribe several times in order to include in a subscription different types of notifications. An IRP Manager shall also be able to request multiple subscriptions, which is equivalent, from the IRP Agent perspective, to multiple IRP Managers each providing one subscription. + +## 4.2 Subscription control functions + +The IRP Agent may provide to IRP Managers capabilities to control its subscriptions. An IRP Manager may then be able to check whether its subscription is still active or not, to know the details of a particular subscription and to know the list of all subscriptions it has opened. + +## 4.3 Notification control functions + +In principle, notifications are forwarded to the IRP Managers as soon as they are available. The real-time forwarding of these notifications occurs via appropriate filtering mechanisms ("discriminators" on CMIP interfaces, "subscription" on CORBA interfaces) in accordance with ITU-T Recommendation X.734 [5] or OMG event/notification service. Any IRP Manager may be able to set and change filter criteria applicable during the life-cycle of one of its subscriptions in order to ensure that only the notifications which fulfil pre-defined criteria are sent. An IRP Manager may also be able to enable and disable the emission of notifications corresponding to its subscriptions. + +## 4.4 Function to discover notification capabilities + +The IRP Agent may provide IRP Managers with a capability to discover the IRPs supported by the IRP Agent that are capable of sending notifications through the notification IRP. Those IRPs shall be identified with their version. + +## 4.5 Generic notification header + +Notifications are emitted by the notification IRP. Those notifications can be defined in any other IRP (e.g. a notification for a new alarm as specified in 3GPP TS 32.111-2 [3] Alarm IRP: Information Service). It is required that all notifications emitted by the notification IRP support the same header that contains enough information to identify the type of notification, the resource at the origin of the notification and the time of the notification. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Jun 2001 | S 12 | SP-010283 | -- | -- | Approved at TSG SA #12 and placed under Change Control | 2.0.0 | 4.0.0 | +| Mar 2002 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Cosmetics (changed styles/field codes on cover/page headings) | 4.0.0 | 4.0.1 | +| Mar 2002 | S 15 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-5 (no CR) | 4.0.1 | 5.0.0 | +| Dec 2002 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Cosmetics | 5.0.0 | 5.0.1 | +| Mar 2004 | S 23 | SP-040105 | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-6 (no CR) | 5.0.1 | 6.0.0 | +| Jun 2005 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Introduction update : added 32.305 new TS-family member | 6.0.0 | 6.0.1 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. 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sha256:5fc368d503e4073af8dcfe1479ae7fa04dac01eaaa555bfe0208dce1052ff8f4 +size 10785 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32312/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32312/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fc6b28a0fa9053b8c07aa6e28974808970a8f0f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32312/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,444 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 System Overview ..... | 8 | +| 4.1 System Context ..... | 8 | +| 5 Information Object Classes (IOCs)..... | 9 | +| 5.1 Imported information entities and local labels..... | 9 | +| 5.2 Class Diagram ..... | 9 | +| 5.2.1 Attributes and relationships..... | 9 | +| 5.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 9 | +| 5.3 Information object class definitions ..... | 9 | +| 5.3.1 ManagedGenericIRP ..... | 9 | +| 5.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 9 | +| 5.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 10 | +| 5.3.1.3 Notification ..... | 10 | +| 5.4 Information relationship definitions..... | 10 | +| 5.5 Information attribute definitions ..... | 10 | +| 5.5.1 Definitions and legal values ..... | 10 | +| 6 Interface Definition ..... | 11 | +| 6.1 Class diagram representing interfaces..... | 11 | +| 6.2 Generic rules ..... | 12 | +| 6.3 genericIRPVersionOperations Interface (M)..... | 12 | +| 6.3.1 Operation getIRPVersion (M)..... | 12 | +| 6.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 12 | +| 6.3.1.2 Input parameters ..... | 12 | +| 6.3.1.3 Output parameters..... | 12 | +| 6.3.1.4 Pre-condition..... | 12 | +| 6.3.1.5 Post-condition ..... | 12 | +| 6.3.1.6 Exceptions..... | 12 | +| 6.4 genericIRPProfileOperations Interface (O) ..... | 13 | +| 6.4.1 Operation getOperationProfile (O)..... | 13 | +| 6.4.1.1 Definition ..... | 13 | +| 6.4.1.2 Input parameters ..... | 13 | +| 6.4.1.3 Output parameters..... | 13 | +| 6.4.1.4 Pre-condition..... | 13 | +| 6.4.1.5 Post-condition ..... | 13 | +| 6.4.1.6 Exceptions..... | 13 | +| 6.4.2 Operation getNotificationProfile (O)..... | 14 | +| 6.4.2.1 Definition ..... | 14 | +| 6.4.2.2 Input parameters ..... | 14 | +| 6.4.2.3 Output parameters..... | 14 | +| 6.4.2.4 Pre-condition..... | 14 | +| 6.4.2.5 Post-condition ..... | 14 | +| 6.4.2.6 Exceptions..... | 14 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 15 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.311: Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Requirements +- 32.312: Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Information Service (IS)** +- 32.316: Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Solution Set (SS) Definitions + +The Itf-N interface is built up by a number of IRPs and a related Name Convention, which realise the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in TS 32.101 [1] and TS 32.102 [2]. + +All IRPs support a set of generic features. Those features allow to retrieve IRP profile and IRP supported versions. The present document contains the specification of those generic features. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The purpose of the present document is to define a common service supported by all IRPs such as AlarmIRP. The present document is the "Information Service" part. It defines, for the purpose of supporting the common service, the information observable and controllable by management system's client (i.e. IRPManager) via the Itf-N. It also specifies the semantics of and the interactions used to carry this information. + +With this common service supported by all IRPs, an IRPManager can retrieve the profile of operations and notifications supported by a given IRP name-contained by an IRPAgent. An IRPManager can also retrieve the IRPVersions supported by a given IRP. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.301: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- [4] Void. +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.311: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Requirements". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TS 32.101 [1], TS 32.102 [2], TS 32.301 [3] and the following apply: + +**IRP:** see TS 32.102 [2]. + +**IRPAgent:** see TS 32.102 [2]. + +**IRPManager:** see TS 32.102 [2]. + +**IRP document version number string (or "IRPVersion"):** see TS 32.311 [5]. + +**Itf-N:** see TS 32.102 [2]. + +**SupportIOC:** see TS 32.150 [6]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| DN | Distinguished Name | +| EM | Element Manager | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication standardisation sector | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| RDN | Relative Distinguished Name | +| SS | Solution Set | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language (OMG) | + +# 4 System Overview + +## 4.1 System Context + +The general definition of the System Context for the present IRP is found in TS 32.150 [6] clause 4.7. + +In addition, the set of related IRP(s) relevant to the present IRP is shown in the two diagrams below. + +![Figure 4.1: System Context A. A diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (EM) via an interface labeled Itf-N. The IRPAgent is connected to multiple NEs. A curved arrow labeled 'Any IRP' points from the IRPAgent to the Itf-N interface.](1c953f32bd34345dfd68fddf8a3736d6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the system context for the present IRP. On the left, a box labeled 'IRPManager' is associated with 'NM'. A solid line connects it to a box labeled 'IRPAgent' associated with 'EM'. A vertical dashed line between them is labeled 'Itf-N'. To the right of the IRPAgent, a dotted line connects to a box labeled 'NEs'. A curved arrow labeled 'Any IRP' points from the IRPAgent towards the Itf-N interface. + +Figure 4.1: System Context A. A diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (EM) via an interface labeled Itf-N. The IRPAgent is connected to multiple NEs. A curved arrow labeled 'Any IRP' points from the IRPAgent to the Itf-N interface. + +Figure 4.1: System Context A + +![Figure 4.2: System Context B. A diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (NE) via an interface labeled Itf-N. A curved arrow labeled 'Any IRP' points from the IRPAgent to the Itf-N interface.](ca4d4ff86cf319ed7cc36a1ecda29101_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the system context for the present IRP. On the left, a box labeled 'IRPManager' is associated with 'NM'. A solid line connects it to a box labeled 'IRPAgent' associated with 'NE'. A vertical dashed line between them is labeled 'Itf-N'. A curved arrow labeled 'Any IRP' points from the IRPAgent towards the Itf-N interface. Unlike Figure 4.1, there are no NEs connected to the IRPAgent. + +Figure 4.2: System Context B. A diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (NE) via an interface labeled Itf-N. A curved arrow labeled 'Any IRP' points from the IRPAgent to the Itf-N interface. + +Figure 4.2: System Context B + +# 5 Information Object Classes (IOCs) + +## 5.1 Imported information entities and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------| +| 3GPP TS 32.111-2 [7], notification, notifyNewAlarm | notifyNewAlarm | +| 3GPP TS 32.111-2 [7], notification, notifyChangedAlarm | notifyChangedAlarm | +| 3GPP TS 32.111-2 [7], notification, notifyClearedAlarm | notifyClearedAlarm | +| 3GPP TS 32.111-2 [7], notification, notifyAckStateChanged | notifyAckStateChanged | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [8], information object class, Top | Top | + +## 5.2 Class Diagram + +### 5.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This clause depicts the set of classes (e.g. IOCs) that encapsulates the information relevant for this IRP. This clause provides an overview of the relationships between relevant classes in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these classes. + +![UML Class Diagram showing a class box for ManagedGenericIRP with the stereotype <>.](731f533b0599c8e42a063f06e4332045_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedGenericIRP { + <> + ManagedGenericIRP + } + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing a class box for ManagedGenericIRP with the stereotype <>. + +### 5.2.2 Inheritance + +This clause depicts the inheritance relationships that exist between SupportIOCs. + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from ManagedGenericIRP to Top.](3b621c21b0af3a504a28d2547e87138f_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class Top { + <> + Top + (from TS 32.622) + } + class ManagedGenericIRP { + <> + ManagedGenericIRP + } + ManagedGenericIRP --|> Top + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from ManagedGenericIRP to Top. + +## 5.3 Information object class definitions + +### 5.3.1 ManagedGenericIRP + +#### 5.3.1.1 Definition + +This SupportIOC represents a generic IRP which supports generic management capabilities associated with each IRP Agent. This SupportIOC cannot be instantiated. It is defined for sub-classing purposes. + +#### 5.3.1.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| iRPId | M | M | - | +| iRPVersions | M | M | - | +| operationNameProfile | O | M | - | +| operationParameterProfile | O | M | - | +| notificationNameProfile | O | M | - | +| notificationParameterProfile | O | M | - | + +#### 5.3.1.3 Notification + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|-----------------------|-----------|--------------------------------------| +| notifyNewAlarm | O | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [7]) | +| notifyChangedAlarm | O | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [7]) | +| notifyClearedAlarm | O | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [7]) | +| notifyComments | O | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [7]) | +| notifyAckStateChanged | O | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [7]) | + +## 5.4 Information relationship definitions + +None + +## 5.5 Information attribute definitions + +This clause defines the semantics of the attributes used in SupportIOCs. + +### 5.5.1 Definitions and legal values + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------| +| iRPId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of this object class. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| iRPVersions | This attribute contains a set of IRPVersions. The set contains at least one element. | See definition "IRP document version number string" in clause 3.1. | +| operationNameProfile | This attribute contains a set of elements. The n-th element of this set contains the set of operation names supported for the IRPVersion identified in the n-th element of iRPVersions attribute. | | +| notificationNameProfile | This attribute contains a set of elements. The n-th element of this set contains the set of notification names supported for the IRPVersion identified in the n-th element of iRPVersions attribute. | | +| operationParameterProfile | This attribute contains a set of elements. The n-th element of this set contains the set of set of notification parameters supported by the operations identified in the n-th element of operationNameProfile attribute. The set of operation parameters are placed in the set in the same order as the order followed by the operation names in their set. | | +| notificationParameterProfile | This attribute contains a set of elements. The n-th element of this set contains the set of set of notification parameters supported by the notifications identified in the n-th element of notificationNameProfile attribute. The set of notification parameters are placed in the set in the same order as the order followed by the notification names in their set. | | + +# 6 Interface Definition + +## 6.1 Class diagram representing interfaces + +![UML Class diagram showing ManagedGenericIRP as a SupportIOC that implements GenericIRPVersionOperations and may realize GenericIRPProfileOperations.](c2fc2621e8206d24427b56bcb2398fc0_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedGenericIRP { + <> + ManagedGenericIRP + } + class GenericIRPVersionOperations { + <> + getIRPVersion() + } + class GenericIRPProfileOperations { + <> + <> getOperationProfile() + <> getNotificationProfile() + } + ManagedGenericIRP --|> GenericIRPVersionOperations + ManagedGenericIRP --> GenericIRPProfileOperations : <> + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interface definitions for ManagedGenericIRP. ManagedGenericIRP is a class labeled as <>. It has a generalization relationship with the GenericIRPVersionOperations interface, indicated by a solid line with an open triangle arrowhead. It also has a realization relationship with the GenericIRPProfileOperations interface, indicated by a dashed line with an open arrowhead and the label <>. The GenericIRPVersionOperations interface defines the getIRPVersion() method. The GenericIRPProfileOperations interface defines two optional methods: getOperationProfile() and getNotificationProfile(). + +UML Class diagram showing ManagedGenericIRP as a SupportIOC that implements GenericIRPVersionOperations and may realize GenericIRPProfileOperations. + +## 6.2 Generic rules + +- **Rule 1:** each operation with at least one input parameter supports a pre-condition `valid_input_parameter` which indicates that all input parameters shall be valid with regards to their information type. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception `operation_failed_invalid_input_parameter` which is raised when pre-condition `valid_input_parameter` is false. The exception has the same entry and exit state. +- **Rule 2:** Each operation with at least one optional input parameter supports a set of pre-conditions `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` where "xxx" is the name of the optional input parameter and the pre-condition indicates that the operation supports the named optional input parameter. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception `operation_failed_unsupported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` which is raised when (a) the pre-condition `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` is false and (b) the named optional input parameter is carrying information. The exception has the same entry and exit state. +- **Rule 3:** each operation shall support a generic exception `operation_failed_internal_problem` which is raised when an internal problem occurs and that the operation cannot be completed. The exception has the same entry and exit state. + +## 6.3 genericIRPVersionOperations Interface (M) + +### 6.3.1 Operation getIRPVersion (M) + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +IRPManager wishes to find out the IRP SS versions supported by an IRP. The IRP shall respond with a set of supported IRP SS version(s). The list of returned `IRPVersions` is such that the `IRPManager` can use any of these versions without having to specify an `IRPVersion` to the `IRPAgent`. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Input parameters + +None + +#### 6.3.1.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| versionNumberSet | M | ManagedGenericIRP.iRPPVersions | It indicates one or more SS version numbers ( IRPVersion , as defined by "IRP document version number string" in clause 3.1) supported by the IRP. | +| status | M | ENUM (Operation succeeded, Operation failed) | If operation_failed_internal_problem status = OperationFailed . | + +#### 6.3.1.4 Pre-condition + +None specific + +#### 6.3.1.5 Post-condition + +None specific + +#### 6.3.1.6 Exceptions + +None specific + +## 6.4 genericIRPProfileOperations Interface (O) + +### 6.4.1 Operation getOperationProfile (O) + +#### 6.4.1.1 Definition + +IRPManager invokes this operation to query the detailed profile of an IRP (supported operations and supported parameters) for a specific supported version. The notification profile will provide details about notifications that are specifically defined by this IRP. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------| +| iRPVersion | M | Element of ManagedGenericIRP.iRPVersions. | It contains a version number. | + +#### 6.4.1.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|---------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationNameProfile | M | Elements of ManagedGenericIRP.operationNameProfile corresponding to the iRPVersion parameter. | If this parameter contains no information, it implies that the IRP does not support any operation. | +| operationParameterProfile | M | Elements of ManagedGenericIRP.operationParameterProfile corresponding to the iRPVersion parameter. | | +| status | M | ENUM (Operation succeeded, Operation failed) | If operation_failed_invalid_version status = OperationFailed. | + +#### 6.4.1.4 Pre-condition + +validIRPVersion. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| validIRPVersion | The iRPVersion input parameter identifies a supported version contained in attribute iRPVersions of the ManagedGenericIRP SupportLOC. | + +#### 6.4.1.5 Post-condition + +None specific + +#### 6.4.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Operation_failed_invalid_version | Condition: validIRPVersion is false
Returned Information: The output parameter status
Exit state: Entry State | + +### 6.4.2 Operation `getNotificationProfile` (O) + +#### 6.4.2.1 Definition + +`IRPManager` invokes this operation to query the detailed notification profile of an IRP (supported notifications and supported parameters) for a specific supported version. The notification profile will provide details about notifications that are specifically defined by this IRP. For example, if this IRP is notification IRP R4, then `getNotificationProfile` will not return any information since no notification is defined in notification IRP R4. + +#### 6.4.2.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|-------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------| +| iRPVersion | M | Element of ManagedGenericIRP.iRPVersion | It contains a version number. | + +#### 6.4.2.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-------------------------------------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| notificationNameProfile | M | Element of ManagedGenericIRP.notificationNameProfile corresponding to the iRPVersion parameter. | If this parameter contains no information, it implies that the IRP does not support any notification. | +| notificationParameterProfile | M | Element of ManagedGenericIRP.notificationParameterProfile corresponding to the iRPVersion parameter. | | +| status | M | ENUM (Operation succeeded, Operation failed) | If operation_failed_invalid_version
status = OperationFailed . | + +#### 6.4.2.4 Pre-condition + +`validIRPVersion`. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| validIRPVersion | The iRPVersion input parameter identifies a supported version contained in attribute iRPVersions of the ManagedGenericIRP SupportIOC . | + +#### 6.4.2.5 Post-condition + +None specific + +#### 6.4.2.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Operation_failed_invalid_version | Condition: validIRPVersion is false
Returned Information: The output parameter status
Exit state: Entry State | + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Jun 2001 | SA_12 | SP-010285 | -- | -- | Approved at TSG SA #12 and placed under Change Control | -- | 2.0.0 | 4.0.0 | +| Mar 2002 | SA_15 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-5 (no Rel-5 CR) | -- | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Dec 2002 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Cosmetics | -- | 5.0.0 | 5.0.1 | +| Dec 2003 | SA_22 | SP-030640 | 000
2 | -- | Align with 32.102 and 32.311 | A | 5.0.1 | 5.1.0 | +| Mar 2004 | SA_23 | SP-040105 | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-6 (no CR) | -- | 5.1.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Dec 2004 | SA_26 | SP-040794 | 000
3 | -- | Update UML diagrams, Add reference to its CORBA/CMIP SSs | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Jun 2005 | SA_28 | SP-050329 | 000
4 | -- | Apply Generic System Context – Align with TS 32.150 | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060708 | 000
5 | -- | Add missing Notification Table for ManagedGenericIRP | F | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | -- | 6.3.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA_46 | SP-090719 | 000
6 | -- | Align usage of SupportIOC according to repertoire and template | C | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | - | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2013-03 | SA_59 | SP-130049 | 001
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@@ -0,0 +1,981 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 System Overview ..... | 7 | +| 4.1 System Context ..... | 7 | +| 5 Information Object Classes (IOCs)..... | 8 | +| 5.1 Information Entities imported and local Labels ..... | 8 | +| 5.2 Class Diagram ..... | 9 | +| 5.2.1 Attributes and Relationships..... | 9 | +| 5.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 10 | +| 5.3 Information Object Classes (IOCs) definition ..... | 10 | +| 5.3.1 Information Object Class TestManagementIRP ..... | 10 | +| 5.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 10 | +| 5.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 11 | +| 5.3.2 Information Object Class TestActionPerformer ..... | 11 | +| 5.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 11 | +| 5.3.2.2 Attributes ..... | 11 | +| 5.3.3 Information Object Class TesterObject ..... | 11 | +| 5.3.3.1 Definition ..... | 11 | +| 5.3.3.2 Attributes ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.4 Information Object Class ResourceSelfTestTesterObject ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.4.1 Definition ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.4.2 Attributes ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.5 Proxy Class VSETestCategoryTesterObject ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.5.1 Definition ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.5.2 Attributes ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.6 Proxy Class VSEResourceSelfTestTesterObject ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.6.1 Definition ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.6.2 Attributes ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.7 Proxy Class VSETesterObject ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.7.1 Definition ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.7.2 Attributes ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.8 Proxy Class MORT ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.8.1 Definition ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.8.2 Attributes ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.9 Information Object Class TestInvocation ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.9.1 Definition ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.9.2 Attributes ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.10 Information Object Class NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.10.1 Definition ..... | 13 | +| 5.3.10.2 Attributes ..... | 14 | +| 5.3.11 Proxy Class VSENetworkPerformFaultTesterObject ..... | 14 | +| 5.3.11.1 Definition ..... | 14 | +| 5.3.11.2 Attributes ..... | 14 | +| 5.4 Information relationships definition..... | 14 | +| 5.4.1 Relationship between TestManagementIRP and TestActionPerformer ..... | 14 | +| 5.4.1.1 Definition ..... | 14 | +| 5.4.1.2 Roles ..... | 14 | +| 5.4.2 Relationship between TestActionPerformer and TesterObject ..... | 14 | +| 5.4.2.1 Definition ..... | 14 | +| 5.4.2.2 Roles ..... | 14 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 5.4.3 | Relationship between TestActionPerformer and TestInvocation..... | 15 | +| 5.4.3.1 | Definition ..... | 15 | +| 5.4.3.2 | Roles ..... | 15 | +| 5.4.4 | Relationship between TesterObject and TestInvocation ..... | 15 | +| 5.4.4.1 | Definition ..... | 15 | +| 5.4.4.2 | Roles ..... | 15 | +| 5.4.5 | Relationship between TesterObject and MORT ..... | 15 | +| 5.4.5.1 | Definition ..... | 15 | +| 5.4.5.2 | Roles ..... | 15 | +| 5.4.6 | Relationship between TestInvocation and MORT ..... | 15 | +| 5.4.6.1 | Definition ..... | 15 | +| 5.4.6.2 | Roles ..... | 15 | +| 5.5 | Information attributes definition ..... | 16 | +| 5.5.1 | Definition and legal Values ..... | 16 | +| 6 | Interface definition ..... | 18 | +| 6.1 | Class diagram representing interfaces..... | 18 | +| 6.2 | Generic rules ..... | 18 | +| 6.3 | Interface testManagementIRPControlOperations ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.1 | Operation initiateTests (M) ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.1.1 | Definition ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.1.2 | Input parameters ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.1.3 | Output parameters ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.1.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.1.6 | Exceptions ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.2 | Operation terminateTests (M) ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.2.1 | Definition ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.2.2 | Input parameters ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.2.3 | Output parameters ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.2.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.2.5 | Post-condition ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.2.6 | Exceptions ..... | 22 | +| 6.4 | Interface TestManagementIRPMonitorOperations ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.1 | Operation monitorTest (M)..... | 23 | +| 6.4.1.1 | Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.1.2 | Input parameters ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.1.3 | Output parameters ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.1.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 24 | +| 6.4.1.6 | Exception ..... | 24 | +| 6.5 | Interface TestManagementIRPNotifications..... | 25 | +| 6.5.1 | Notification notifyTestResults (M) ..... | 25 | +| 6.5.1.1 | Definition ..... | 25 | +| 6.5.1.2 | Triggering Events for the Test ..... | 26 | +| 6.5.1.2.1 | From-State ..... | 27 | +| 6.5.1.2.2 | To-State ..... | 27 | +| Annex A (informative): | Network Performance Measurement Procedure ..... | 28 | +| Annex B (informative): | Change history..... | 30 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; Test management Integration Reference Point (IRP), as identified below: + +- 32.321: "Test management Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements" +- 32.322: "Test management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)"** +- 32.326: "Test management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions" + +A 3G telecommunication network is composed of a multitude of different Network Elements (NE). For a successful operation of the network the operator must be provided with mechanisms allowing him to manage the network. These management activities can be grouped into several areas: configuration management, fault management, performance management, accounting management and security management. + +A management function assisting in different high level management areas such as fault management and performance management is test management. The purpose of testing is to get information about the functionality and performance of the 3G managed network subject to the test. + +The present document is part of a TS-family defining the Telecommunication Management (TM) of 3G systems. The TM principles are described in 3GPP TS 32.101 [5]. The TM architecture is described in 3GPP TS 32.102 [6]. The other specifications define the interface (Itf-N) between the managing system (manager), which is in general the Network Manager (NM) and the managed system (agent), which is either an Element Manager (EM) or the managed NE itself. The Itf-N is composed of a number of integration reference points (IRPs) defining the information in the agent that is visible for the manager, the operations that the manager may perform on this information and the notifications that are sent from the agent to the manager. One of these IRPs is the Test Management IRP. + +Each IRP is specified by the requirements part, the IS part and at least one SS (e.g. CORBA SS). + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines the IS part of the Test Management IRP, which describes the semantics of the information and the interactions visible across Itf-N in a protocol independent way. The information is specified by means of information object classes and the interactions by means of operations and notifications. The present document does not specify the syntax (encoding) of the information. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.302: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.312: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Information Service (IS)". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [4] ITU-T Recommendation X.733: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management: Alarm reporting function". +- [5] ITU-T Recommendation X.745: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management: Test management function". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.321: "Telecommunication management; Test management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.672: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); State Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [10] ITU-T Recommendation X.737: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management: Confidence and diagnostic test categories". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [12] IETF RFC4656: "A One-way Active Measurement Protocol (OWAMP)". +- [13] IETF RFC 5357: "A Two-way Active Measurement Protocol (TWAMP)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [6], 3GPP TS 32.102 [7] and 3GPP TS 32.321 [8] apply. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------| +| EM | Element Manager | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| ME | Element Manager | +| MORT | Managed Object Referring to Test | +| NE | Network Element | +| TM | Telecommunication Management | +| TO | Tester Object | +| VSE | Vendor-Specific-Extended | +| VSE TO | Vendor-Specific-Extended Tester Object | + +# 4 System Overview + +## 4.1 System Context + +The general definition of the System Context for the present IRP is found in 3GPP TS 32.150 [11] subclause 4.7. + +In addition, the set of related IRP(s) relevant to the present IRP is shown in the two diagrams below. + +![Figure 1: System Context A](e2c1c672349c10dccb2563eff6d8260e_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating System Context A. On the left, a box labeled 'IRPManager' is inside a larger box labeled 'NM'. A solid line connects 'IRPManager' to a box labeled 'IRPAgent' inside a larger box labeled 'EM'. A dashed vertical line, labeled 'Itf-N', separates the 'NM' box from the 'EM' box. To the right of the 'EM' box, a dashed line connects 'IRPAgent' to a box labeled 'NEs'. Below the 'Itf-N' interface, a bracket indicates the associated IRPs: 'Test Management IRP' and 'Notification IRP'. + +Figure 1: System Context A + +Figure 1: System Context A + +![Figure 2: System Context B](78d5774278a3f4a614f8c0ae485ce8d9_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating System Context B. On the left, a box labeled 'IRPManager' is inside a larger box labeled 'NM'. A solid line connects 'IRPManager' to a box labeled 'IRPAgent' inside a larger box labeled 'NE'. A dashed vertical line, labeled 'Itf-N', separates the 'NM' box from the 'NE' box. Below the 'Itf-N' interface, a bracket indicates the associated IRPs: 'Test Management IRP' and 'Notification IRP'. + +Figure 2: System Context B + +Figure 2: System Context B + +# --- 5 Information Object Classes (IOCs) + +## 5.1 Information Entities imported and local Labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [3], information object class, Top | Top | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [3], information object class, IRPAgent | IRPAgent | +| 3GPP TS 32.312 [2], information object class, managedGenericIRP | managedGenericIRP | + +## 5.2 Class Diagram + +### 5.2.1 Attributes and Relationships + +The following figure shows, for the Test Management IRP, the class definitions and the relationships between the classes. + +![UML Class Diagram for Test Management IRP showing relationships between TestManagementIRP, TestActionPerformer, TesterObject, TestInvocation, and MORT.](dbe553cf16dd14073b89a8263a428664_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class TestManagementIRP { + <> + } + class TestActionPerformer { + <> + +supportedTOClasses + +testActionPerformerId + } + class TesterObject { + <> + +testOutcome + +testState + -testInvocationInitiator + -additionalInformation + -proposedRepairActions + -fileReference + -fileExpiryDate + +testerObjectId + } + class TestInvocation { + <> + +actualStartTime + +actualStopTime + -maxTestingPhaseDuration + +testInvocationId + } + class MORT { + <> + } + + TestManagementIRP "1" -- "*" TestActionPerformer + TestActionPerformer "1" -- "*" TesterObject : theTesterObject + TestActionPerformer "1" -- "*" TestInvocation : theTestInvocation + TesterObject "1" -- "1" TestInvocation : theTestInvocation + TesterObject "1" -- "1..2" MORT : theMORT + TestInvocation "1" -- "1..2" MORT : isTesting + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the following classes and their relationships: + +- TestManagementIRP** (InformationObjectClass): Associated with **TestActionPerformer** (1 to \*). +- TestActionPerformer** (InformationObjectClass): Contains attributes `+ supportedTOClasses` and `+ testActionPerformerId`. It is associated with **TesterObject** (1 to \* via `theTesterObject`) and **TestInvocation** (1 to \* via `theTestInvocation`). +- TesterObject** (InformationObjectClass): Contains attributes `+ testOutcome`, `+ testState`, `- testInvocationInitiator`, `- additionalInformation`, `- proposedRepairActions`, `- fileReference`, `- fileExpiryDate`, and `+ testerObjectId`. It is associated with **TestInvocation** (1 to 1 via `theTestInvocation`) and **MORT** (1 to 1..2 via `theMORT`). +- TestInvocation** (InformationObjectClass): Contains attributes `+ actualStartTime`, `+ actualStopTime`, `- maxTestingPhaseDuration`, and `+ testInvocationId`. It is associated with **MORT** (1 to 1..2 via `isTesting`). +- MORT** (ProxyClass): A proxy class associated with **TesterObject** and **TestInvocation**. + +UML Class Diagram for Test Management IRP showing relationships between TestManagementIRP, TestActionPerformer, TesterObject, TestInvocation, and MORT. + +From the cardinalities can be seen that each instance of *TestManagementIRP* may have several instances of *TestActionPerformer*. Each instance of *TestActionPerformer* can have multiple instances of associated *TesterObjects*. Each instance of *TesterObject* in turn has one instance of *TestInvocation*. For the resource self test, each instance of *TesterObject* has one instance of *MORT*. For the connection and loopback test, each instance of *TesterObject* has two instances of *MORT*. + +### 5.2.2 Inheritance + +The following figure depicts the inheritance relationships between the information object classes. + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance relationships between Information Object Classes (IOCs) and Proxy Classes.](b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class ManagedGenericIRP { + <> + } + class TesterObject { + <> + } + class TestManagementIRP { + <> + } + class ResourceSelfTestTesterObject { + <> + } + class VSETestCategoryTesterObject { + <> + } + class NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject { + <> + +testSourceAddress + +testDestinationAddress + +testLoopbackAddress + +testPacketInformation + } + class VSEResourceSelfTestTesterObject { + <> + } + class VSETesterObject { + <> + } + class VSENetworkPerformFaultTesterObject { + <> + } + + TestManagementIRP --|> ManagedGenericIRP + NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject --|> TesterObject + ResourceSelfTestTesterObject --|> TesterObject + VSETestCategoryTesterObject --|> TesterObject + VSEResourceSelfTestTesterObject --|> ResourceSelfTestTesterObject + VSETesterObject --|> VSETestCategoryTesterObject + VSENetworkPerformFaultTesterObject --|> NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject +``` + +The diagram illustrates the inheritance hierarchy of Information Object Classes (IOCs) and Proxy Classes. At the top level, **ManagedGenericIRP** (InformationObjectClass) and **TesterObject** (InformationObjectClasses) are shown. **TestManagementIRP** (InformationObjectClass) inherits from **ManagedGenericIRP**. **NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject** (InformationObjectClass) inherits from **TesterObject**. **ResourceSelfTestTesterObject** (InformationObjectClass) and **VSETestCategoryTesterObject** (ProxyClass) also inherit from **TesterObject**. **VSEResourceSelfTestTesterObject** (ProxyClass) inherits from **ResourceSelfTestTesterObject**. **VSETesterObject** (ProxyClass) inherits from **VSETestCategoryTesterObject**. **VSENetworkPerformFaultTesterObject** (ProxyClass) inherits from **NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject**. The **NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject** class is defined with the following attributes: `+testSourceAddress`, `+testDestinationAddress`, `+testLoopbackAddress`, and `+testPacketInformation`. + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance relationships between Information Object Classes (IOCs) and Proxy Classes. + +## 5.3 Information Object Classes (IOCs) definition + +### 5.3.1 Information Object Class *TestManagementIRP* + +#### 5.3.1.1 Definition + +The IOC *TestManagementIRP* together with the IOC *TestActionPerformer* represent the test management capabilities defined by this specification. To conduct a test of network resources, this object may require capabilities of other objects such as *TesterObject*. The IOC *TestManagementIRP* inherits from the IOC *ManagedGenericIRP* specified in 3GPP TS 32.312 [2]. + +#### 5.3.1.2 Attributes + +The IOC *TestManagementIRP* has no own attributes, only those inherited from the IOC *ManagedGenericIRP*. + +### 5.3.2 Information Object Class *TestActionPerformer* + +#### 5.3.2.1 Definition + +The IOC *TestActionPerformer* provides the ability to receive and react upon test requests. This class must also be able to instantiate and delete tester objects or, in case the tester objects are permanently instantiated, to allocate and reserve them for their usage. This specification does not require this IOC to be instantiated. It may be abstract and used for inheritance purposes only. In this way the ability to receive and react upon test requests may be included in any other IOC. + +#### 5.3.2.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| supportedTOClasses | + | M | M | - | +| testActionPerformerId | + | M
see note | M | - | + +NOTE: This attribute is only mandatory in case the IOC *TestActionPerformer* is instantiated. In case this IOC is an abstract class and used for inheritance purposes only the attribute shall be omitted. + +### 5.3.3 Information Object Class *TesterObject* + +#### 5.3.3.1 Definition + +The IOC *TesterObject* monitors and controls the testing of a *MORT* instance and reports the outcome of the test execution. Tester Objects (TOs) are instantiated by the IOC *TestActionPerformer* in response to a valid test initiation request (*initiateTests*). They are deleted after termination of the test. It is also possible that TOs are permanently instantiated. In this case they are allocated to a certain *TestActionPerformer* during the test execution. After termination of the test they are released. + +The IOC *TesterObject* defines a generic TO. It shall be used as an abstract class from which more specific tester objects shall be derived by specialisation for each test category. Test categories and the associated test category specific TOs are defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.737 [10]. These test category specific TOs can be specialised further by defining Vendor-Specific-Extended (VSE) TOs. The generic TO defines attributes pertaining to a test and required for all test categories. + +Each test invocation shall have only one associated TO. + +Only test category specific TOs or VSE TOs shall be instantiated. + +For simplicity this specification will often use only the term TO. In this case either the test category specific TO or the VSE TO is referred to depending on which is actually instantiated. + +#### 5.3.3.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| testOutcome | + | M | M | - | +| testState | + | M | M | - | +| testInvocationInitiator | - | C | M | - | +| additionalInformation | - | O | - | - | +| proposedRepairActions | - | O | - | - | +| fileReference | - | M
see note | - | - | +| fileExpiryDate | - | M
see note | - | - | +| testerObjectId | + | M | M | - | + +NOTE: In case the TO does support capturing test results in a file this parameter shall be present and contain information. In case the TO does not support capturing test results in a file this parameter shall contain no information or shall be absent. + +### 5.3.4 Information Object Class *ResourceSelfTestTesterObject* + +#### 5.3.4.1 Definition + +The IOC *ResourceSelfTestTesterObject* is a specialised TO for the resource self test. It inherits from the IOC *TesterObject*. It specifies the triggering events for the emission of the test result notifications. + +#### 5.3.4.2 Attributes + +This IOC has no own attributes, only those inherited from the generic IOC *TesterObject*. + +### 5.3.5 Proxy Class *VSETestCategoryTesterObject* + +#### 5.3.5.1 Definition + +Certain tests may not fit in any of the test categories defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.737 [10]. In this case vendors may define new (VSE) test categories and the associated test category specific TOs. The Proxy Class *VSETestCategoryTesterObject* represents the set of these VSE test category tester objects + +The IOCs represented by the Proxy Class *VSETestCategoryTesterObject* shall inherit from the IOC *TesterObject*. + +NOTE: A vendor may also claim 3GPP compliance to a certain release in case that a specific test fits into one of the ITU-T test categories without that the corresponding ITU-T test category specific TO is supported in this release supposed that this test category specific TO will be added in a later release than the current one. The vendor shall update this specification in due time. + +#### 5.3.5.2 Attributes + +The attributes of this IOC are vendor specific. + +### 5.3.6 Proxy Class *VSEResourceSelfTestTesterObject* + +#### 5.3.6.1 Definition + +In case the IOC *ResourceSelfTestTesterObject* does not fulfil the specific requirements of a certain resource self test, vendors may define proprietary IOCs by further specialisation. The Proxy Class *VSEResourceSelfTestTesterObject* represents these IOCs. + +The IOCs represented by the Proxy Class *VSEResourceSelfTestTesterObject* shall inherit from the IOC *ResourceSelfTestTesterObject*. + +#### 5.3.6.2 Attributes + +Apart from the attributes inherited the attributes of the IOCs represented by this Proxy Class are vendor specific. + +### 5.3.7 Proxy Class *VSETesterObject* + +#### 5.3.7.1 Definition + +In case an IOC represented by the Proxy Class *VSETestCategoryTesterObject* does not fulfil the specific requirements of a certain test, vendors may define proprietary IOCs by further specialisation. The Proxy Class *VSETesterObject* represents these IOCs. + +The IOCs represented by the Proxy Class *VSETesterObject* shall inherit from the associated IOC represented by the Proxy Class *VSETestCategoryTesterObject*. + +#### 5.3.7.2 Attributes + +Apart from the attributes inherited the attributes of the IOCs represented by this Proxy Class are vendor specific. + +### 5.3.8 Proxy Class *MORT* + +#### 5.3.8.1 Definition + +The ProxyClass *MORT* represents a network resource that is under test. Its class definition shall be one defined in the various 3GPP Network Resource Model specifications or defined by a VSE network resource class. + +#### 5.3.8.2 Attributes + +This IOC has no attributes. + +### 5.3.9 Information Object Class *TestInvocation* + +#### 5.3.9.1 Definition + +The IOC *TestInvocation* is the abstract representation of a test invocation. A test invocation shall aim to test one or more capabilities of a MORT. The IRPManager can request for the establishment of a test invocation using the operation *initiateTests*. + +A MORT can be complex in that there are multiple capabilities that can be subject to test. Therefore, it is possible to have multiple test activities active, all aimed at the same MORT but on its different capabilities. Whether multiple test activities can be testing the same MORT capabilities at the same time is an implementation decision, probably based on the nature and behaviour of the TO, and therefore, is outside the scope of this specification. + +#### 5.3.9.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| actualStartTime | + | O | M | - | +| actualStopTime | + | O | M | - | +| maxTestingPhaseDuration | - | O | - | - | +| testInvocationId | + | M | M | - | + +### 5.3.10 Information Object Class *NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject* + +#### 5.3.10.1 Definition + +The IOC *NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject* is a specialised TO for the network performance test. It inherits from the IOC *TesterObject*. + +#### 5.3.10.2 Attributes + +Apart from the attributes inherited from the generic IOC *TesterObject*, this IOC has own attributes in the below table. + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| testSourceAddress | + | M | M | M | +| testDestinationAddresses | + | M | M | M | +| testLoopbackAddress | + | M | M | M | +| testPacketInformation | + | M | M | M | + +### 5.3.11 Proxy Class *VSENetworkPerformFaultTesterObject* + +#### 5.3.11.1 Definition + +In case the IOC *NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject* does not fulfil the specific requirements of a certain connection test, vendors may define proprietary IOCs by further specialisation. The Proxy Class *VSENetworkPerformFaultTesterObject* represents these IOCs. + +The IOCs represented by the Proxy Class *VSENetworkPerformFaultTesterObject* shall inherit from the IOC *NetworkPerformFaultTesterObject*. + +#### 5.3.11.2 Attributes + +Apart from the attributes inherited the attributes of the IOCs represented by this Proxy Class are vendor specific. + +## 5.4 Information relationships definition + +### 5.4.1 Relationship between TestManagementIRP and TestActionPerformer + +#### 5.4.1.1 Definition + +This relationship defines a binary association between the IOC *TestManagementIRP* and the IOC *TestActionPerformer*. + +#### 5.4.1.2 Roles + +This relationship has no roles. + +### 5.4.2 Relationship between TestActionPerformer and TesterObject + +#### 5.4.2.1 Definition + +This relationship defines a binary association between the IOC *TestActionPerformer* and the IOC *TesterObject*. The association is navigable from the *TestActionPerformer* to the *TesterObject*. + +#### 5.4.2.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theTesterObject | This rolename provides a name allowing to navigate from an instance of TestActionPerformer to the associated instances of TesterObject . If tap is an instance of TestActionPerformer , the expression tap.theTesterObject yields the set of object instances of TesterObject . | + +### 5.4.3 Relationship between TestActionPerformer and TestInvocation + +#### 5.4.3.1 Definition + +This relationship defines a binary association between the IOC *TestActionPerformer* and the IOC *TestInvocation*. The association is navigable from the *TesterObject* to the *TestInvocation*. + +#### 5.4.3.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theTestInvocation | This rolename provides a name allowing to navigate from an instance of TestActionPerformer to the associated instances of TestInvocation . If tap is an instance of TestActionPerformer , the expression tap.theTestInvocation yields the set of object instances of TestInvocation . | + +### 5.4.4 Relationship between TesterObject and TestInvocation + +#### 5.4.4.1 Definition + +This relationship defines a binary association between the IOC *TesterObject* and the IOC *TestInvocation*. The association is navigable in both directions. + +#### 5.4.4.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theTesterObject | This rolename provides a name allowing to navigate from an instance of TestInvocation to the associated instance of TesterObject . If ti is an instance of TestInvocation , the expression ti.theTesterObject yields an object instance of TesterObject . | +| theTestInvocation | This rolename provides a name allowing to navigate from an instance of TesterObject to the associated instance of TestInvocation . If to is an instance of TesterObject , the expression to.theTestInvocation yields an object instance of TestInvocation . | + +### 5.4.5 Relationship between *TesterObject* and *MORT* + +#### 5.4.5.1 Definition + +This relationship defines a binary association between the IOC *TesterObject* and the Proxy Class *MORT*. The association is navigable from the *TesterObject* to the *MORT*. + +#### 5.4.5.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|---------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theMORT | This rolename provides a name allowing to navigate from an instance of TesterObject to the associated instance of MORT . If to is an instance of TesterObject , the expression to.theMORT yields an object instance of MORT . | + +### 5.4.6 Relationship between *TestInvocation* and *MORT* + +#### 5.4.6.1 Definition + +This relationship defines an association between the IOC *TestInvocation* and the IOC *MORT*. This association specifies that the latter is testing the former. + +#### 5.4.6.2 Roles + +Instead of roles this relationship has a role name. + +## 5.5 Information attributes definition + +### 5.5.1 Definition and legal Values + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| testInvocationId | This attribute uniquely identifies an instance of a TestInvocation within the TestManagementIRP . The test invocation identifier is assigned by the TestActionPerformer . When a testInvocationId can be reused is outside the scope of this specification. | | +| testState | This attribute reflects the actual test state (ITU-T Recommendation X.745 [5]). | ENUM {notInitialized, idle, initializing, testing, terminating, disabled} | +| testOutcome | This attribute provides information about the test result, as perceived by the associated TO, in a standardised manner. The information in this parameter is only valid after termination of the test activity. This information shall be present in the last test result notification emitted by a TO prior to its deletion. | ENUM {pass, fail, inconclusive, timed-out, premature-termination}
Pass indicates that the test exercise of the test invocation has executed correctly and has found no problem.
Fail indicates that the test exercise of the test invocation has executed correctly and has found one or more problems.
Inconclusive indicates that the TO has not determined if the execution is Pass or Fail.
Timed-out indicates that the TO has terminated its execution because of the expiry of the timer (i.e., the current time – TestSession.sessionStartTime >= TesterObject.timeOut ).
Premature termination indicates that the TO has (a) never started execution or (b) terminated its execution prematurely, either by TestManagementIRP and its associated objects internal problems or in response to a terminateTests operation. | +| supportedTOClasses | This attribute identifies the TO classes that are supported by a certain managed object instance whose class has inherited from | SET OF TO class name | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | TestActionPerformer or whose class is the TestActionPerformer . | | +| testActionPerformerId | This attribute unambiguously identifies an instance of a TestActionPerformer . | | +| testerObjectId | This attribute unambiguously identifies an instance of a TesterObject . | | +| testInvocationInitiator | It identifies the IRPManager. | How multiple IRPManagers choose their identifier so that they are distinguishable is outside the scope of this specification. | +| additionalInformation | This attribute holds a set of additional information pertaining to the test. | The semantics of this parameter are outside the scope of this specification | +| proposedRepairActions | This attribute suggests one or more repair actions if the reason for a failure is known. | The semantics of this parameter are outside the scope of this specification | +| actualStartTime | This attribute specifies the time at which the TO will enter or has entered the test state testing . Before the TO enters the testing state this is an estimated time. After entering the testing state this is the actual time. Note that this is not the time of the invocation of the operation initiateTests . | All values indicating a valid time. | +| actualStopTime | This attribute specifies the time at which the TO will leave or has left the test state testing . Before the TO leaves the testing state this is an estimated time. After leaving the testing state this is the actual time. Note that this is not the time of the invocation of the operation terminateTests . | All values indicating a valid time later than the actualStartTime . | +| maxTestingPhaseDuration | This attribute specifies the maximum amount of time that a TO may spend in the testing state. | All values indicating a valid amount of time. | +| fileReference | This attribute carries the reference to a file that contains the test result data set. | | +| fileExpiryDate | This attribute carries the date and time after which the file, whose reference is carried by the fileReference attribute, may be removed. | All values indicating a valid time. | +| testSourceAddress | This attribute provides the source address of the test. | An IP address indicating source. | +| testDestinationAddress | This attribute provides the destination address of the test. | An IP address indicating destination. In a loopback test, it should be NULL. | +| testLoopbackAddress | This attribute provides the loopback address in a loopback test. | An IP address indicating loopback point in a loopback test. In connection test, it should be NULL. | + +# 6 Interface definition + +## 6.1 Class diagram representing interfaces + +The following diagram depicts the interfaces of the Test Management IRP with their corresponding operations and notifications. + +![UML Class diagram showing interfaces and their relationships.](21ad58fee90f2be50708ff541d225507_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class TestManagementIRPControlOperations { + + initiateTests() + + terminateTests() + } + class TestManagementIRPMonitorOperations { + + monitorTest() + } + class TestManagementIRPNotifications { + + notifyTestResults() + } + class TestActionPerformer { + } + class TesterObject { + } + + TestManagementIRPControlOperations <|-- TestActionPerformer + TestManagementIRPMonitorOperations <|-- TestActionPerformer + TestManagementIRPNotifications <|-- TesterObject +``` + +The diagram illustrates three interfaces and two information object classes. The interfaces are `TestManagementIRPControlOperations`, `TestManagementIRPMonitorOperations`, and `TestManagementIRPNotifications`. The information object classes are `TestActionPerformer` and `TesterObject`. `TestManagementIRPControlOperations` and `TestManagementIRPMonitorOperations` are implemented by `TestActionPerformer`. `TestManagementIRPNotifications` is implemented by `TesterObject`. The operations are `initiateTests()`, `terminateTests()`, `monitorTest()`, and `notifyTestResults()`. + +UML Class diagram showing interfaces and their relationships. + +## 6.2 Generic rules + +- Rule 1:** Each operation with at least one input parameter supports a pre-condition `valid_input_parameter` which indicates that all input parameters shall be valid with regards to their information type. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception `operation_failed_invalid_input_parameter` which is raised when pre-condition `valid_input_parameter` is false. The exception has the same entry and exit state. +- Rule 2:** Each operation with at least one optional input parameter supports a set of pre-conditions `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` where "xxx" is the name of the optional input parameter and the pre-condition indicates that the operation supports the named optional input parameter. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception `operation_failed_unsupported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` which is raised when (a) the pre-condition `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` is false and (b) the named optional input parameter is carrying information. The exception has the same entry and exit state. +- Rule 3:** Each operation shall support a generic exception `operation_failed_internal_problem` that is raised when an internal problem occurs and that the operation cannot be completed. The exception has the same entry and exit state. + +## 6.3 Interface `testManagementIRPControlOperations` + +The interface `TestManagementIRPControlOperations` contains the operations `initiateTests` and `terminateTests`. It must be implemented by every object with the ability to receive and react upon test requests, for example by every instance of `TestActionPerformer`. + +### 6.3.1 Operation *initiateTests* (M) + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +The IRPManager uses this operation to request the IRPAgent to initiate controlled tests. A single test request may initiate multiple (one or more) tests. + +For each test to be initiated the managed object representing the network resource to be tested and the tester object class must be specified. + +The initiated tests are independent and not related to each other. This implies that independent test result notifications are sent for each of the tests initiated by a single *initiateTests* operation. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|-------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| testInvocationInitiator | C | TesterObject. testInvocationInitiator | This parameter identifies the IRPManager.. | +| toBeInitiatedTests | M | SET OF SET {
maxTestingStateDuration (O)
toBeTestedMORT (O)
testerObjectClass (M)
testerObjectName (O)
testerObjectInitialAttributeList (O)
} |

This sequence specifies the tests to be initiated.

For each test the parameter maxTestingStateDuration specifies the timeout period of the tests to be initiated. One value shall indicate "No limit".

toBeTestedMORT specifies the instance of the MORT to be tested. If the parameter is absent, the MORT is identical to the object instance to which the subject operation is directed to.

The parameter testerObjectClass specifies the class of the associated tester object. Optionally, a name for the tester object instance may be specified in the parameter testerObjectName.

The parameter testerObjectInitialAttributeList carries some or all the values of the attributes of the TO instance responsible for the test. The syntax and semantics of this attribute value is dependent on the specific TO class definition and is outside the scope of 3GPP.

| + +#### 6.3.1.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| response | M | SEQUENCE OF CHOICE {
testInitiated
testNotInitiated
}

testInitiated = SEQUENCE {
TestInvocation.testInvocationId (M)
testerObjectName (O)
}

testNotInitiated =
failureReason | The number and the order, related to the tests to be initiated, of elements in this sequence and in the set of the input parameter toBeInitiatedTests shall be identical.
For a successfully instantiated test the parameter testInitiated returns the test invocation identifier of the test. In case the tester object name has not been specified in the request it shall be returned in testerObjectName .
For a failed test instantiation the parameter testNotInitiated returns the reason why the instantiation of the test failed.
Failure reasons are
TO class is not existing
MORT is not existing
MORT is not available
others | + +#### 6.3.1.4 Pre-condition + +The precondition must hold true before the operation is invoked. The pre-condition depends on the test category. + +For at least one of the specified tests to be instantiated the following must hold true: + +theIndicatedMORTIsExisting **AND** theIndicatedMORTIsAvailable **AND** theIndicatedTOClassIsExisting. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theIndicatedMORTIsExisting | The MORT indicated by the subject operation for this test is existing | +| theIndicatedMORTIsAvailable | The MORT indicated by the subject operation for this test is available. | +| theIndicatedTOClassIsExisting | The TO class indicated by the subject operation for this test is existing. | + +#### 6.3.1.5 Post-condition + +The post-condition must hold true after the completion of the operation: + +allIndicatedTOsInstantiated **OR** notAllTestsInitiated **OR** noTestInitiated + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| allTestsInitiated | All tests indicated by the subject operation were initiated successfully. | +| notAllTestsInitiated | Not all but at least one test indicated by the subject operation was initiated successfully. | +| noTestInitiated | No test indicated by the subject operation was initiated successfully. | + +#### 6.3.1.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationFailedEntirely | Condition: noTestInitiated = TRUE
Returned information: The response parameter is returned
Exit state: Entry state | +| operationFailedPartly | Condition: notAllTestsInitiated = TRUE
Returned information: The response parameter is returned
Exit state: Entry state | + +### 6.3.2 Operation *terminateTests* (M) + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +The IRPManager uses this operation to request the IRPAgent to terminate tests during their life time. A single *terminateTests* operation may terminate multiple (one or more) tests. + +The tests to be terminated are identified by their test invocation identifiers. The IRPManager terminating a test may be different from the IRPManager that initiated the test. The *terminateTests* operation must be invoked on the object which received the corresponding *initiateTests* operation. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|---------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------| +| toBeTerminatedTests | M | SET OF TestInvocation.testInvocationId | This parameter specifies the tests that shall be terminated. | + +#### 6.3.2.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| response | M | SEQUENCE OF CHOICE {
testTerminated
testNotTerminated
}
testTerminated =
TestInvocation.testInvocationId
testNotTerminated =
SEQUENCE {
TestInvocation.testInvocationId,
failureReason
} | The number and the order, related to the test invocation identifier, of elements in this sequence and in the set of the input parameter toBeTerminatedTests shall be identical. It specifies the test invocation ids of the tests, that were successfully terminated, and the ids of the tests, that failed to be terminated successfully together with the reason for the failure. Failure reasons are test invocation id is not existing others | + +#### 6.3.2.4 Pre-condition + +The precondition must hold true before the operation is invoked. + +allIndicatedTestInvocationIdsAreExisting **OR** notAllIndicatedTestInvocationIdsAreExisting + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| allIndicatedTestInvocationIdsAreExisting | All test invocation identifiers specified by the subject operation are existing. | +| notAllIndicatedTestInvocationIdsAreExisting | Not all but at least one test invocation identifier specified by the subject operation is existing. | + +#### 6.3.2.5 Post-condition + +The post-condition must hold true after the completion of the operation. + +allIndicatedTestsTerminated **OR** notAllIndicatedTestsTerminated **OR** noIndicatedTestTerminated + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|--------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| allIndicatedTestsTerminated | All tests indicated in the subject operation were terminated successfully. | +| notAllIndicatedTestsTerminated | Not all but at least one test indicated in the subject operation aaws terminated successfully | +| noIndicatedTestTerminated | No test indicated in the subject operation aaws terminated successfully | + +#### 6.3.2.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationFailedEntirely | Condition: noIndicatedTestTerminated = TRUE
Returned information: The response parameter is returned
Exit state: Entry state | +| operationFailedPartly | Condition: notAllIndicatedTestInvocationIdsAreExisting = TRUE OR
notAllIndicatedTestsTerminated = TRUE
Returned information: The response parameter is returned
Exit state: Entry state | + +## 6.4 Interface TestManagementIRPMonitorOperations + +The interface *TestManagementIRPMonitorOperations* contains the operation *monitorTest*. It has a realisation relationship with the IOC *TestActionPerformer*. + +### 6.4.1 Operation *monitorTest* (M) + +#### 6.4.1.1 Definition + +IRPManager shall be able to retrieve information about the test as observed by the TO during the test execution by reading the relevant attributes of the TO associated to the test. Also after the test execution the manager shall be able to read these attributes as long as the TO exists. Attributes conveying information about the test execution are *testState* and *testOutcome*. Depending on the specific test category specific TO or the VSE TO other attributes may also contain information about the test execution. In this case the subject operation may also allow to read the values of these attributes. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|-----------------|-----------|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| toBeMonitoredTO | M | tOInstance | This parameter specifies the instance of the tester object, whose attribute values of testState , testOutcome and other attributes shall be retrieved. | + +#### 6.4.1.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|---------------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| monitoredAttributes | M | SET {
TesterObject.testState (M)
TesterObject.testOutcome (M)
other attributes (O)
} | This parameter shall be returned if all attributes were read successfully and may be returned, if at least one attribute was read successfully.
The values to be returned are those prevalent at the time of the reception of the subject operation. | +| error | M | failureReason | This parameter shall be returned if the specified tester object instance is not existing or, in case the tester object instance is existing, at least one attribute could not be read, i. e. if
operationFailedEntirely = TRUE
OR
operationFailedPartly = TRUE
The parameter returns the failure reason. | + +#### 6.4.1.4 Pre-condition + +The precondition must hold true before the operation is invoked. + +indicatedTOInstanceIsExisting + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| toBeMonitoredTOIsExisting | The TO instance indicated by the subject operation is existing. | + +#### 6.4.1.5 Post-condition + +The post-condition must hold true after the completion of the operation. + +allAttributeValuesRead **OR** notAllAttributeValuesRead **OR** noAttributeValueRead + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| allAttributeValuesRead | All attributes of the TO indicated by the subject operation were read successfully. | +| notAllAttributeValuesRead | Not all but at least one attribute of the TO indicated by the subject operation were read successfully. | +| noAttributeValueRead | No attribute of the TO indicated by the subject operation was read successfully. | + +#### 6.4.1.6 Exception + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationFailedEntirely | Condition: toBeMonitoredTOsExisting = FALSE OR noAttributeValueRead = TRUE
Returned information: The error parameter returns the object identifier of the TO that does not exist or the reasons, why the attributes could not be read
Exit state: Entry state | +| operationFailedPartly | Condition: toBeMonitoredTOsExisting = TRUE AND notAllAttributeValuesRead = TRUE
Returned information: The error parameter returns the reason why an attribute could not be read. The attribute that could be read may be returned in the parameter error or the parameter attributeList
Exit state: Entry state | + +## 6.5 Interface TestManagementIRPNotifications + +### 6.5.1 Notification *notifyTestResults* (M) + +#### 6.5.1.1 Definition + +Test results are made available to the IRPManager by one or more notifications *notifyTestResults* emitted by the TO that is related to the test invocation. + +Depending on the nature of the test and the specification of the TO behaviour, the TO may need to convey to the IRPManager a test result data set. There are two ways to convey this kind of information. One way is to use the parameter *additionalInformation* of the notification. In this case, the *fileReference* and *fileExpiryDate* shall contain no information or be absent. The other way is to use a file to capture the test result data set. In this case, the *additionalInformation* parameter may contain no information or be absent and the *fileReference* and *fileExpiryDate* shall be present. The file that captures the test result data set shall contain VSE attributes and other 3GPP attributes such as *testerObjectClass*, *testOutcome*, etc. + +The use of the *additionalInformation* parameter or a file to capture the test result data set is specified by the class specification of the TO. + +In case the TO uses *additionalInformation* (and not a file) to capture the test result data set, that TO may emit this notification to transfer intermediate (non-final) test results. In this kind of notifications, the *testOutcome* parameter shall be absent. The TO should emit at least one more notification regarding the subject test invocation in the future. The last notification pertaining to a particular test invocation shall be indicated by including the *testOutcome* parameter in the notification. + +In the case the TO uses a file to capture the test result data set, that TO shall not issue any notifications to transfer intermediate test results. The TO may capture the non-final test results in the file used to capture the final test result data set. + +The events triggering the emission of test result notifications depend on the specific test. They shall be specified by the TO that is actually instantiated, i.e. either by the test category specific TO or the VSE TO. Some generic triggering events are included in this specification. It is expected that vendors specify more triggering events. + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|--------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M, Y | TesterObject.objectClass | Notification header - see [1]. It shall carry the TO class name. | +| objectInstance | M, Y | TesterObject.objectInstance | Notification header - see [1]. It shall carry the DN of the TO.. | +| notificationId | O, N | -- | Notification header - see [1]. | +| eventTime | M, Y | -- | Notification header - see [1]. | +| systemDN | C, Y | -- | Notification header - see [1]. | +| notificationType | M, Y | "notifyTestResults" | Notification header - see [1]. | +| testInvocationId | O, N | TestInvocation.testInvocationId | | +| testInvocationInitiator | C, Y | TesterObject.testInvocationInitiator | | +| testOutcome | O, N
(see note) | TesterObject.testOutcome | It shall be included only in the last notification emitted by a TO. In this way the TO indicates that it is sending no more notifications. | +| mORT | O, N | TesterObject.theMORT | It identifies the object instance of the MORT that was subject to the test. | +| proposedRepairActions | O, N | TesterObject.proposedRepairActions | | +| additionalInformation | O, N
(see note) | TesterObject.additionalInformation | It allows the inclusion of any additional information in the notification. As such, it may carry a test result data set. The exact semantics of this parameter is outside the scope of this specification. This parameter may contain no information or be absent, if the test results are captured in a file. It may be present if the test results are not captured in a file. | +| fileReference | M, N
(see note) | TesterObject.fileReference | It shall contain no information or be absent if there is no test result captured in a file. It shall contain information if the test results are captured in a file. | +| fileExpiryDate | M, N
(see note) | TesterObject.fileExpiryDate | It shall contain no information or be absent if fileReference carries no information or absent. Otherwise, it shall contain a valid future date and time. | +| NOTE: As for the correct interpretation of this qualifier refer to the comment column. | | | | + +#### 6.5.1.2 Triggering Events for the Test + +For the test the events triggering the emission of test result notifications are: + +- Termination of the test execution. + +The test may be terminated explicitly by a test termination request. The events triggering an implicit termination are: + +- Fulfilment of the conditions for a successful termination of the test. +- Fulfilment of the conditions for a premature termination of the test. +- Occurrence of an error situation. + +##### 6.5.1.2.1 From-State + +testTerminateRequestReceived OR testCompleted OR prematureTermination OR testTimedOut OR errorSituationOccured. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| testTerminateRequestReceived | The object with the ability to receive and react upon test requests has received a test termination request (see note). | +| testCompleted | The predefined conditions for a successful completion of the test are fulfilled (see note). | +| prematureTermination | The predefined conditions for a premature termination of the test are fulfilled (see note). | +| errorSituationOccured | An error situation has occurred during the test execution and the tester object has aborted the test invocation (see note). | +| NOTE: | The conditions to satisfy this trigger are related to the VSE TO definition and therefore, their specifications are outside the scope of 3GPP. | + +##### 6.5.1.2.2 To-State + +testTerminated + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------|--------------------------------------------| +| testTerminated | The test has been terminated successfully. | + +# Annex A (informative): Network Performance Measurement Procedure + +There are four procedures in network performance measurement: initiation, termination, monitor and test result report. + +In the initiation, NM sends an initiation request in which there are some configuration parameters to EM with operation *initialTests*. The EM will store the parameters and send some configuration parameters to the source NE and destination NE (or the loopback NE) to initiate the network performance measurement. For the IP network, the network elements will start the test with the protocols defined in IETF [12] [13]. The following figure illustrates the test initialisation procedure. + +![Sequence diagram for Network Performance Measurement Initiation](088921fa3f5a44c8551815122517eefd_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant NM + participant EM + participant NE1 + participant NE2 + NM->>EM: initiateTests + Note right of EM: Storing Test parameters and Starting the test +``` + +The diagram illustrates the initiation procedure for Network Performance Measurement. It features four lifelines: NM (Network Manager), EM (Element Manager), NE1 (Network Element 1), and NE2 (Network Element 2). The process begins with NM sending an 'initiateTests' message to EM. Upon receiving this message, EM initiates a process labeled 'Storing Test parameters and Starting the test', which is represented by a horizontal bar spanning the EM, NE1, and NE2 lifelines. + +Sequence diagram for Network Performance Measurement Initiation + +Figure A.1 Initiation procedure for Network Performance Measurement + +When the NM terminates the test, NM sends a termination request to EM with operation *terminateTests*. The EM will save and send some parameters to the source NE and destination NE (or the loopback NE) to terminate the network performance measurement. The following figure illustrates the test termination procedure. + +![Sequence diagram for Network Performance Measurement Termination](15e4a144a88176b71ea3eff2722253b0_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant NM + participant EM + participant NE1 + participant NE2 + NM->>EM: terminateTests + Note right of EM: Storing the parameters and terminating the test +``` + +The diagram illustrates the termination procedure for Network Performance Measurement. It features the same four lifelines: NM, EM, NE1, and NE2. The process begins with NM sending a 'terminateTests' message to EM. Upon receiving this message, EM initiates a process labeled 'Storing the parameters and terminating the test', which is represented by a horizontal bar spanning the EM, NE1, and NE2 lifelines. + +Sequence diagram for Network Performance Measurement Termination + +Figure A.2 Termination procedure for Network Performance Measurement + +When the NM monitors the test, NM sends a monitor request to EM with operation *monitorTests*. If it is needed, the EM will send request to the NE(s) to retrieve information before it send back the output parameters. Then the EM will send back the output parameters to the NM. The following figure illustrates the test monitor procedure. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure A.3 showing the monitor procedure. Lifelines: NM, EM, NE1, NE2. NM sends 'monitorTests' to EM. A combined block labeled 'Storing the parameters and monitoring the test' spans across EM, NE1, and NE2.](9c1d3678db4a12d5864cb2a4def1135d_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant NM + participant EM + participant NE1 + participant NE2 + NM->>EM: monitorTests + Note right of EM: Storing the parameters and monitoring the test +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure A.3 showing the monitor procedure. Lifelines: NM, EM, NE1, NE2. NM sends 'monitorTests' to EM. A combined block labeled 'Storing the parameters and monitoring the test' spans across EM, NE1, and NE2. + +Figure A.3 Monitor procedure for Network Performance Measurement + +After the test is terminated, the test result is recorded in a test result file in EM. Then the EM sends a notification *notifyTestResults* to the NM, in which there is some information for the NM to retrieve the file. The following figure illustrates the test monitor procedure. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure A.4 showing the test result report procedure. Lifelines: NM, EM, NE1, NE2. A combined block labeled 'the test result is sent to EM' spans across EM, NE1, and NE2. EM sends 'notifyTestResult' to NM.](705ee99c3c44fd2a1ea6a3348ce8878f_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant NM + participant EM + participant NE1 + participant NE2 + Note right of EM: the test result is sent to EM + EM->>NM: notifyTestResult +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure A.4 showing the test result report procedure. Lifelines: NM, EM, NE1, NE2. A combined block labeled 'the test result is sent to EM' spans across EM, NE1, and NE2. EM sends 'notifyTestResult' to NM. + +Figure A.4 Test result report procedure for Network Performance Measurement + +# Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|--------|-----------|-------|------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Re v | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Jun 2002 | SA_1 6 | SP-020328 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #16 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Sep 2002 | SA_1 7 | SP-020457 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #17 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Dec 2002 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Cosmetics | -- | 5.0.0 | 5.0.1 | +| Jun 2004 | SA_2 4 | SP-040243 | 000 1 | -- | Add missing parameter to the operation initiateTests | F | 5.0.1 | 5.1.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SA_2 5 | SP-040541 | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel- 6 (no CR) as per request in SP-040541 SA5_presentation_SA_25.ppt (slide 17) | -- | 5.1.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Jun 2005 | SA_2 8 | SP-050289 | 000 2 | -- | Apply Generic System Context | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Mar 2006 | SA_3 1 | SP-060089 | 000 3 | -- | Update mapping table to use defined filter qualifier | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_3 6 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | -- | 6.2.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Sep 2007 | SA_3 7 | SP-070606 | 000 5 | -- | Correct granularity of maxTestingStateDuration | A | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Mar 2008 | SP-39 | SP-080204 | 000 8 | 1 | Remove toBeMonitoredAttributes | F | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| Jun 2008 | SP-40 | SP-080329 | 000 9 | -- | Add new Information Objects for connection and loopback test categories - Align with 32.321 | B | 7.2.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | - | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | - | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|---------|-----------|------|-----|-----|-----------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Date | Meeting | TDoc | CR | Rev | Cat | Subject/Comment | New version | +| 2020-07 | SA#88e | SP-200414 | 0013 | - | A | draft-ietf-ippm-twamp has been published as RFC5357 | 11.1.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32341/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32341/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d142e42d08fc7c5bb687e8a4ec92ceaeacdd57f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32341/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,207 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------|---| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 File Transfer IRP concept ..... | 6 | +| 5 File Transfer IRP requirements..... | 6 | +| 5.1 General requirements for File Transfer IRP..... | 6 | +| 5.2 File type requirements ..... | 7 | +| 5.3 File exchange requirements..... | 7 | +| 5.4 File management/maintenance/security requirements ..... | 7 | +| 6 Overview of IRP's related to File Transfer (FT)..... | 8 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 9 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part the 32.34x-series covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.341: "File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements"** +- 32.342: "File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)" +- 32.346: "File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions" + +The Itf-N interface is built up by a number of Integration Reference Points (IRP's) and a related Name Convention, which realize the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRP's is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +Network Elements (NEs) under management, element managers as well as network managers generate various management information stored in file format. This IRP is addressing how these file are exchanged through Itf-N as well as certain aspects of file management and maintenance. It is anticipated that all management functions (e.g. PM, Call Trace, CM) as well as associated IRP's making reuse of capabilities provided by this File Transfer IRP. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the overall requirements for the File Transfer Integration Reference Point (FT IRP) as it applies to the Itf-N. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.111-series: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP)". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.30x-series: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.33x-series: "Telecommunication management; Notification log Integration Reference Point (IRP)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.32x-series: "Telecommunication management; Test management Integration Reference Point (IRP)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.41x-series: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM) Integration Reference Point (IRP)". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.421: "Telecommunication management; Subscriber and equipment trace: Trace concepts and requirements". +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.61x-series: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP)". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.240: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Charging architecture and principles". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2] apply. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|------|-------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FT | File Transfer | +| FTP | File Transfer Protocol | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| PM | Performance Management | +| SFTP | Secure File Transfer Protocol | + +# --- 4 File Transfer IRP concept + +Network Elements (NEs) under management, element managers as well as network managers generate various management information that is stored in files. This IRP is addressing how these file are exchanged through Itf-N as well as certain aspects of file management and maintenance. It is anticipated that all management functions (e.g. PM, Call Trace, CM) as well as associated IRP's making reuse of capabilities provided by this File Transfer IRP. + +It should be noted that this File Transfer IRP is not defining a file transfer protocol (applicable file transfer protocols are defined by 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]) but will make reuse of generic concepts defined by these file transfer protocol. + +# --- 5 File Transfer IRP requirements + +## 5.1 General requirements for File Transfer IRP + +The FT IRP shall ensure preservation of file content: + +- The used file transfer protocol implementation shall preserve the formatting of the file during exchange. +- The used file transfer protocol implementation shall preserve the encoding of the file during exchange. + +NOTE 1: Above requirement(s) are considered as being satisfied by FTP. + +The FT IRP shall support the following file transfer protocols: + +- FTP. +- SFTP + +NOTE 2: SFTP providing initial security capabilities, which may be complemented by additional security features that might be added in future versions of the present document. + +The FT IRP shall specify all necessary descriptive file information and parameters, to enable exchange of files between IRPManager and IRPAgent and to ensure respective file management capabilities (such as listing). + +File Name conventions: + +- In the context of this File Transfer IRP an overall applicable file name convention should be specified, ensuring the use of meaningful and uniform names of files generated by various IRP's. This convention should reuse the current PM File Naming Conventions to the greatest extent possible [7]. +- This file name convention should address issues with potential Operating System based changes in file names during or after file exchange (e.g. upper case / lower case). +- The file name shall contain the file expiration date + +## 5.2 File type requirements + +The FT IRP shall support the exchange and management/maintenance of the following file types: + +- Performance measurement results as defined in [7] and [8]. +- Test results as defined in [6]. +- Bulk CM files as defined in [10]. +- Call trace records as defined in [9]. +- Notification log as defined in [5]. +- Charging files as defined in [11]. +- Vendor-specific files containing management information. + +Subsequently this File Transfer IRP shall consider requirements from management applications listed above. + +Future 3GPP management information file types shall be supported as well (e.g. inventory information). + +## 5.3 File exchange requirements + +The IRP Manager shall be able to: + +- Upload (read) one or more files from the IRP Agent using FTP or SFTP; +- Download (write) one or more files to the IRP Agent using FTP or SFTP, and indicate to the IRP Agent that files have been downloaded. + +Subsequently: the IRP Manager will always act as the initiator (client) of file transfer actions, while the IRP Agent shall provide the corresponding server capabilities. + +This IRP Agent should provide the following notifications to the IRP Manager: + +- "File Ready", indicating that a file is ready for upload; +- "File Preparation Error", indicating that an error occurred during or before file preparation and that no file is being made available related to a specific request; +- "File Deleted", indicating that a file has been made unavailable for access through Itf-N. + +## 5.4 File management/maintenance/security requirements + +The IRP Manager should be able to request the IRP Agent to: + +- Provide a list of available files, based on file name and file creation date/time filter criteria. + +In addition the following requirements should be considered: + +- Security mechanisms supported by applicable file transfer protocols defined in [1] should be supported (e.g. username, password, encryption). +- File system overload mechanism on IRP Agent side (e.g. automatic deletion of transmitted files, automatic deletion of outdated files, emission of notifications in case of automatic deletion). +- File deletion is determined by a file expiration date, which is part of the file name. + +# --- 6 Overview of IRP's related to File Transfer (FT) + +Itf-N is built up by a number of IRP's. The basic structure of the IRP's is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +For the purpose of the File Transfer IRP the following IRP's are needed: + +- Notification IRP [4]. + +The following IRP/specifications shall consider using this FT IRP for file transfer purposes (future IRP or IRP capabilities not listed here shall also consider reuse of this FT IRP for file transfer purposes): + +- Performance measurement results as defined in [7] and [8]. +- Test results as defined in [6]. +- Bulk CM files as defined in [10]. +- Call trace records as defined in [9]. +- Notification log exports as defined in [5]. + +Specification changes needed by those IRP's to make reuse of the FT IRP are outside the scope of the present document. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Jun 2003 | SA_20 | SP-030295 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#20 for information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Mar 2004 | SA_23 | SP-040124 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#23 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SA_27 | SP-050037 | 0001 | -- | Add file type requirements - Align with FTIRP IS in TS 32.342 | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060530 | 0002 | -- | Correct the file exchange requirements in File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP) | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | -- | 6.2.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Mar 2009 | SA_43 | SP-090207 | 0003 | -- | Include reference to SOAP Solution Set specification | D | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 2009-12 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | - | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | - | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32346/2eb23c2210154279f8013a1594fbcc5a_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32346/2eb23c2210154279f8013a1594fbcc5a_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..30cca5c9f2418d2079a37abccb0d27acce3d8db7 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32346/2eb23c2210154279f8013a1594fbcc5a_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:13cbf03900beacef7a5afa4ed37ec926b2c09603f5008a67794d6f10d29d4dce +size 65345 diff --git 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79993 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32346/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32346/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..08414779af17be7e0017577efa543013ad66899d --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32346/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1188 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Solution Set Definitions ..... | 7 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 8 | +| A.1 Architectural features..... | 8 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 8 | +| A.1.2 Notification Services..... | 8 | +| A.1.3 Push and Pull Style..... | 8 | +| A.1.4 Support multiple notifications in one push operation ..... | 8 | +| A.1.5 FileTransferIRP Notification Interface ..... | 8 | +| A.1.5.1 Method push (M)..... | 8 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 10 | +| A.2.1 Operation and Notification mapping..... | 10 | +| A.2.2 Operation parameter mapping..... | 10 | +| A.2.3 Notification parameter mapping..... | 11 | +| A.3 Solution Set definitions..... | 13 | +| A.3.1 IDL definition structure..... | 13 | +| A.3.2 IDL specification "FileTransferIRPConstDefs.idl" ..... | 14 | +| A.3.3 IDL specification "FileTransferIRPSystem.idl" ..... | 15 | +| A.3.4 IDL specification "FileTransferIRPNotifications.idl" ..... | 17 | +| Annex B (normative): XML Definitions..... | 19 | +| B.1 Architectural Features ..... | 19 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 19 | +| B.1.2 Notification Services..... | 19 | +| B.1.3 IOC Definitions..... | 19 | +| B.2 Mapping ..... | 19 | +| B.3 Solution Set definitions..... | 19 | +| B.3.1 XML definition structure ..... | 19 | +| B.3.2 Graphical Representation..... | 20 | +| B.3.3 XML Schema "ftIRPNotif.xsd"..... | 21 | +| B.3.4 XML Schema "ftIRPIOCs.xsd"..... | 22 | +| Annex C (normative): SOAP Solution Set..... | 23 | +| C.1 Architectural features..... | 23 | +| C.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 23 | +| C.1.2 Notification Services..... | 23 | +| C.1.3 Supported W3C specifications..... | 23 | +| C.1.4 Prefixes and namespaces..... | 23 | +| C.2 Mapping ..... | 24 | +| C.2.1 Operation and notification mapping..... | 24 | +| C.2.2 Operation parameter mapping..... | 24 | +| C.2.2.1 Operation listAvailableFiles..... | 24 | +| C.2.2.1.1 Input parameters ..... | 24 | +| C.2.2.1.2 Output parameters..... | 25 | + +C.2.2.1.3 Fault definition..... 25 +C.2.2.2 Operation `fileDownloadIndication` ..... 25 +C.2.2.2.1 Input parameters ..... 25 +C.2.2.2.2 Output parameters..... 25 +C.2.2.2.3 Fault definition..... 25 +C.3 Solution Set definitions..... 26 +C.3.1 WSDL definition structure ..... 26 +C.3.2 Graphical Representation ..... 26 +C.3.3 WSDL specification “FTRPSystem.wsdl”..... 27 +Annex D (informative): Change history..... 29 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management, as identified below: + +- 32.341: "File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements" +- 32.342: "File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)" +- 32.346: "File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions"** + +The present document is part of a TS-family which describe the requirements and information model necessary for the Telecommunication Management (TM) of 3G systems. The TM principles and TM architecture are specified in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +Network Elements (NEs) under management, element managers as well as network managers generate various management information stored in file format. This IRP is addressing how these files are exchanged through Itf-N as well as certain aspects of file management and maintenance. It is anticipated that management functions (e.g. PM, Call Trace, CM) make reuse of capabilities provided by this File Transfer IRP. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document contains the Solution Sets for the IRP whose semantics are specified in File Transfer IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.342 [15]). + +This Solution Set specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.342 V11.0.X. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.341: "Telecommunication management; File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements ". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.311: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.306: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.312: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Information Service (IS)". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.316: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [10] OMG TC Document telecom/98-11-01: "OMG Notification Service". + +- [11] W3C SOAP 1.1 specification () +- [12] W3C XPath 1.0 specification () +- [13] W3C WSDL 1.1 specification () +- [14] W3C SOAP 1.2 specification () +- [15] 3GPP TS 32.342: "Telecommunication management; File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [16] 3GPP TS 32.336: "Telecommunication management; Notification Log (NL) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +[17] 3GPP TS 32.331: "Telecommunication management; Notification Log (NL) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.150 [9], 3GPP TS 32.331 [17] and 3GPP TS 32.341 [3] and the following apply: + +**IRP document version number string (or "IRPVersion"):** See 3GPP TS 32.311 [4]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DN | Distinguished Name | +| FT | File Transfer | +| FTIRP | File Transfer IRP | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| NE | Network Element | +| NL | Notification Log | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| PM | Performance Management | +| SS | Solution Set | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | +| WSDL | Web Service Description Language | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# --- 4 Solution Set Definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP FT IRP Solution Set Definitions: + +Annex A provides the CORBA Solution Set. + +Annex B provides the XML Definitions. + +Annex C provides the SOAP Solution Set. + +# --- Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in FT IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.342 [15]). + +--- + +## A.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of FT IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.341 [3]. + +This clause specifies features that are specific to the CORBA SS. + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [6]. + +### A.1.2 Notification Services + +In implementations of CORBA SS, IRP Agent conveys FT Information to IRP Manager via OMG Notification Service (OMG Notification Service [10]). + +A necessary and sufficient sub set of OMG Notification Services shall be used to support `FileTransferIRPNotifications` notifications as specified in 3GPP TS 32.342 [15]. + +### A.1.3 Push and Pull Style + +OMG Notification Service defines two styles of interaction. One is called push style. In this style, IRP Agent pushes notifications to IRP Manager as soon as they are available. The other is called pull style. In this style, IRP Agent keeps the notifications till IRP Manager requests for them. + +This CORBA SS specifies that support of Push style is Mandatory (M) and that support of Pull style is Optional (O). + +### A.1.4 Support multiple notifications in one push operation + +For efficiency reasons, IRP Agent may send multiple notifications using one single push operation. To pack multiple notifications into one push operation, IRP Agent may wait and not invoke the push operation as soon as notifications are available. To avoid IRP Agent to wait for an extended period of time that is objectionable to IRP Manager, IRP Agent shall implement an IRP Agent wide timer configurable by administrator. On expiration of this timer, IRP Agent shall invoke push if there is at least one notification to be conveyed to IRP Manager. This timer is re-started after each push invocation. + +### A.1.5 FileTransferIRP Notification Interface + +OMG CORBA Notification push operation is used to realise the notification of `FileTransferIRP Notifications`. All the notifications in this interface are implemented using this `push_structured_event` method. + +#### A.1.5.1 Method `push` (M) + +``` +module CosNotifyComm { + ... + interface SequencePushConsumer : NotifyPublish { + void push_structured_events( + in CosNotification::EventBatch notifications) + raises( CosEventComm::Disconnected ); + } + ... +}; // SequencePushConsumer +... +}; // CosNotifyComm +``` + +- NOTE 1: The `push_structured_events` method takes an input parameter of type `EventBatch` as defined in the OMG `CosNotification` module (OMG Notification Service [10]). This data type is the same as a sequence of Structured Events. Upon invocation, this parameter will contain a sequence of Structured Events being delivered to `IRPManager` by `IRPAgent` to which it is connected. +- NOTE 2: The maximum number of events that will be transmitted within a single invocation of this operation is controlled by `IRPAgent` wide configuration parameter. +- NOTE 3: The amount of time the supplier (`IRPAgent`) of a sequence of Structured Events will accumulate individual events into the sequence before invoking this operation is controlled by `IRPAgent` wide configuration parameter as well. +- NOTE 4: `IRPAgent` may push `EventBatch` with only one Structured Event. + +## A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 Operation and Notification mapping + +FileTransferIRP: IS 3GPP TS 32.342 [15] defines semantics of operation and notification visible across the FileTransferIRP. Table A.2.1 indicates mapping of these operations and notifications to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table A.2.1: Mapping from IS Operations and Notification to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operations/ notification 3GPP TS 32.342 [15] | SS Method | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|-----------| +| listAvailableFiles | list available files | M | +| fileDownloadIndication | file download indication | O | +| getIRPVersion (see note) | get file transfer irp versions | M | +| getOperationProfile (see note) | get file transfer irp operations profile | O | +| getNotificationProfile (see note) | get file transfer irp notifications profile | O | +| notifyFileReady | push structured events (see subclause A.1.5) | M | +| notifyFilePreparationError | push structured events (see subclause A.1.5) | M | +| NOTE: This operation is of ManagedGenericIRP IOC specified in 3GPP TS 32.312 [7]. The FileTransferIRP IOC of 3GPP TS 32.342 [15] inherits from it. | | | + +### A.2.2 Operation parameter mapping + +The FileTransferIRP: IS 3GPP TS 32.342 [15] defines semantics of parameters carried in operations across the FileTransferIRP. The following tables indicate the mapping of these parameters, as per operation, to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table A.2.2.1: Mapping from IS listAvailableFiles parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| managementDataType | short management data type | M | +| beginTime | FileTransferIRPConstDefs::UTCTime begin_time | M | +| endTime | FileTransferIRPConstDefs::UTCTime end_time | M | +| fileInfoList | FileTransferIRPConstDefs::FileInfoList file_info_list | M | +| status | Return value of type FileTransferIRPConstDefs::Result
Exception:
ListAvailableFiles, InvalidTimes, ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +**Table A.2.2.2: Mapping from IS fileDownloadIndication parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| fileInfoList | FileTransferIRPConstDefs::FileInfoList file_info_list | M | +| status | Return value of type FileTransferIRPConstDefs::Result
Exception:
FileDownloadIndication, InvalidFileInfoList,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem:OperationNotSupported | M | + +**Table A.2.2.3: Mapping from IS getIRPVersion parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| versionNumberSet | Return value of type ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet | M | +| status | Exception:
GetFileTransferIRPVersions | M | + +**Table A.2.2.4: Mapping from IS getOperationProfile parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| iRPVersion | ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber irp_version | M | +| operationNameProfile,
operationParameterProfile | Return value of type ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList | M | + +| | | | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---| +| status | Exception:
GetFileTransferIRPOperationsProfile,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---| + +**Table A.2.2.5: Mapping from IS getNotificationProfile parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| iRPVersion | ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber irp_version | M | +| notificationNameProfile,
notificationParameterProfile | Return value of type ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList | M | +| status | Exception:
GetFileTransferIRPNotificationsProfile,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +### A.2.3 Notification parameter mapping + +The FileTransferIRP: IS 3GPP TS 32.342 [15] defines semantics of parameters carried in notifications. The following table indicates the mapping of these parameters to their OMG CORBA Structured Event (defined in OMG Notification Service [10]) equivalents. The composition of OMG Structured Event, as defined in the OMG Notification Service [10], is: + +#### Header + +``` + +Fixed Header + domain_name + type_name + event_name +Variable Header + +``` + +#### Body + +``` + +filterable_body_fields +remaining_body + +``` + +The following tables list all OMG Structured Event attributes in the second column. The first column identifies the FileTransferIRP: IS 3GPP TS 32.342 [15] defined notification parameters. + +**Table A.2.3.1: Mapping for notifyFileReady** + +| IS Parameters | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Qualifier | Comment | +|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | domain_name | M | It carries the IRP document version number string. See subclause 3.1.
It indicates the syntax and semantics of the Structured Event as defined by the present document. | +| notificationType | type_name | M | This is the ET_FILE_READY of module of FileTransferIRPNotifDefs. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | event_name | M | It carries no information. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | Variable Header | | | +| objectClass,
objectInstance | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | NV stands for name-value pair. Order arrangement of NV pairs is not significant. The name of NV-pair is always encoded in string.

Name of this NV pair is the MANAGED_OBJECT_INSTANCE of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [5]). | +| notificationId | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the NOTIFICATION_ID of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs. | + +| IS Parameters | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Qualifier | Comment | +|----------------|---------------------------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Value of NV pair is a long. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [5]). | +| eventTime | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the EVENT_TIME of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.
Value of NV pair is IRPTime. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [5]). | +| systemDN | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the SYSTEM_DN of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.
Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [5]). | +| fileInfoList | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the FILE_INFO_LIST of interface NotifyFileReady of module FileTransferIRPNotifications.
Value of NV pair is FileInfoList of module FileTransferIRPConstDefs. | +| additionalText | One NV pair of remaining_body | O | Name of NV pair is the ADDITIONAL_TEXT interface NotifyFileReady of module FileTransferIRPNotifications.
Value of NV pair is a string. | + +Table A.2.3.2: Mapping for notifyFilePreparationError + +| IS Parameters | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Qualifier | Comment | +|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | domain_name | M | It carries the IRP document version number string. See subclause 3.1.
It indicates the syntax and semantics of the Structured Event as defined by the present document. | +| notificationType | Type_name | M | This is the ET_FILE_PREPARATION_ERROR of module of FileTransferIRPNotifDefs. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | event_name | M | It carries no information. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | Variable Header | | | +| objectClass, objectInstance | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | NV stands for name-value pair. Order arrangement of NV pairs is not significant. The name of NV-pair is always encoded in string.
Name of this NV pair is the MANAGED_OBJECT_INSTANCE of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.
Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [5]). | +| notificationId | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the NOTIFICATION_ID of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.
Value of NV pair is a long. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [5]). | +| eventTime | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the EVENT_TIME of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.
Value of NV pair is IRPTime. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [5]). | +| systemDN | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the SYSTEM_DN of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.
Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [5]). | + +| IS Parameters | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Qualifier | Comment | +|----------------|--------------------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| fileInfoList | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the FILE_INFO_LIST of interface NotifyFilePreparationError of module FileTransferIRPNotifications.
Value of NV pair is FileInfoList of module FileTransferIRPConstDefs. | +| reason | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the REASON of interface NotifyFilePreparationError of module FileTransferIRPNotifications.
Value of NV pair is a string. | +| additionalText | One NV pair of remaining_body | O | Name of NV pair is the ADDITIONAL_TEXT of interface NotifyFilePreparationError of module FileTransferIRPNotifications.
Value of NV pair is a string. | + +## A.3 Solution Set definitions + +### A.3.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.3.2 defines the constants and types used by the FT IRP. + +Clause A.3.3 defines the operations which are performed by the FT IRP agent. + +Clause A.3.4 defines the notifications which are emitted by the FT IRP agent. + +### A.3.2 IDL specification "FileTransferIRPConstDefs.idl" + +``` + +//File: FileTransferIRPConstDefs.idl +#ifndef _FILE_TRANSFER_IRP_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ +#define _FILE_TRANSFER_IRP_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ + +#include + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/** Module: FileTransferIRPConstDefs +This module contains commonly used definitions for FileTransferIRP. +===== +*/ +module FileTransferIRPConstDefs +{ + enum Result {OK, FAILURE}; + + typedef TimeBase::UtcT UTCTime; + + enum LocationChoice {DIRECTORY, URL}; + + //The FileLocation may be a directory path or a URL + union FileLocation switch (LocationChoice) + { + case DIRECTORY: string file_location_directory; + /* e.g. \\202.112.101.1\D:\user\performanceFiles\ */ + case URL: string file_location_url; + /* e.g. ftp://nms.telecom_org.com/datastore/ */ + }; + + typedef unsigned long FileSize; //the unit is byte + typedef string FileCompression; + typedef string FileFormat; + + struct FileInfo + { + FileLocation file_location; + FileSize file_size; + UTCTime file_ready_time; + UTCTime file_expiration_time; + FileCompression file_compression; + FileFormat file_format; + }; + + typedef sequence FileInfoList; + + const short PM_MANAGEMENT_DATA_TYPE = 1; //Performance Management + const short CM_MANAGEMENT_DATA_TYPE = 2; //Configuration Management + const short IM_MANAGEMENT_DATA_TYPE = 3; //Inventory Management + const short TM_MANAGEMENT_DATA_TYPE = 4; //Test Management + const short CT_MANAGEMENT_DATA_TYPE = 5; //Subscriber & Equipment Trace + const short NL_MANAGEMENT_DATA_TYPE = 6; //Notification Log + const short CG_MANAGEMENT_DATA_TYPE = 7; //Charging + const short OT_MANAGEMENT_DATA_TYPE = 8; //Other Types + + /** +Define the parameters specified in the notifyFileReady +and notifyFilePreparationError notifications. +*/ + interface AttributeNameValue + { + const string FILE_INFO_LIST = "FILE_INFO_LIST"; + const string ADDITIONAL_TEXT = "ADDITIONAL_TEXT"; + const string REASON = "REASON"; + }; + +}; + +#endif // _FILE_TRANSFER_IRP_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ + +``` + +### A.3.3 IDL specification "FileTransferIRPSystem.idl" + +``` + +//File: FileTransferIRPSystem.idl +#ifndef _FILE_TRANSFER_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +#define _FILE_TRANSFER_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ + +#include +#include +#include + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/** ## Module: FileTransferIRPSystem +This module implements capabilities of FileTransferIRP. +===== +*/ +module FileTransferIRPSystem +{ + exception InvalidTimes { string reason; }; + exception InvalidFileInfoList { string reason; }; + + /** + System fails to complete the operation. System can provide reason + to qualify the exception. The semantics carried in reason + is outside the scope of this IRP. + */ + exception ListAvailableFiles { string reason; }; + exception FileDownloadIndication { string reason; }; + exception GetFileTransferIRPVersions { string reason; }; + exception GetFileTransferIRPOperationsProfile { string reason; }; + exception GetFileTransferIRPNotificationsProfile { string reason; }; + + interface FileTransferIRP + { + /** + * IRPManager invoke this operation to get the files information + */ + FileTransferIRPConstDefs::Result list_available_files( + in short management_data_type, + in FileTransferIRPConstDefs::UTCTime begin_time, + in FileTransferIRPConstDefs::UTCTime end_time, + out FileTransferIRPConstDefs::FileInfoList file_info_list + ) + raises (ListAvailableFiles, InvalidTimes, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /** + * IRPManager invoke this operation to indicate completion of downloading files to IRPAgent + */ + FileTransferIRPConstDefs::Result file_download_indication( + in FileTransferIRPConstDefs::FileInfoList file_info_list + ) + raises (FileDownloadIndication, InvalidFileInfoList, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported); + + /** + * Return the list of all supported FileTransferIRP versions. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet get_file_transfer_irp_versions ( + ) + raises (GetFileTransferIRPVersions); + + /** + * Return the list of all supported operations and their supported + * parameters for a specific FileTransferIRP version. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList get_file_transfer_irp_operations_profile ( + in ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber irp_version + ) + raises (GetFileTransferIRPOperationsProfile, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /** + * Return the list of all supported notifications and their supported + * parameters for a specific FileTransferIRP version. + */ + } +} + +``` + +``` +*/ +ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList get_file_transfer_irp_notifications_profile +( + in ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber irp_version +) +raises (GetFileTransferIRPNotificationsProfile, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); +}; + +}; + +#endif // _FILE_TRANSFER_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +``` + +### A.3.4 IDL specification "FileTransferIRPNotifications.idl" + +``` + +//File: FileTransferIRPNotifications.idl +#ifndef _FILE_TRANSFER_IRP_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ +#define _FILE_TRANSFER_IRP_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ + +#include +#include + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/* ## Module: FileTransferIRPNotifications +This contains the specification of notifications of FileTransferIRP. +===== +*/ +module FileTransferIRPNotifications +{ + /** + * Constant definitions for the FileReady notification + */ + interface NotifyFileReady: NotificationIRPNotifications::Notify + { + const string EVENT_TYPE = "notifyFileReady"; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the fileInfoList property, + * which is transported in the filterable_body fields. + * The data type for the value of this property is + * FileTransferIRPConstDefs::FileInfoList. + */ + const string FILE_INFO_LIST = + FileTransferIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::FILE_INFO_LIST; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the additionalText property, + * which is transported in the filterable_body fields. + * The data type for the value of this property is string. + */ + const string ADDITIONAL_TEXT = + FileTransferIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::ADDITIONAL_TEXT; + }; + + /** + * Constant definitions for the FilePreparationError notification + */ + interface NotifyFilePreparationError: + NotificationIRPNotifications::Notify + { + const string EVENT_TYPE = "notifyFilePreparationError"; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the fileInfoList property, + * which is transported in the filterable_body fields. + * The data type for the value of this property is + * FileTransferIRPConstDefs::FileInfoList. + */ + const string FILE_INFO_LIST = + FileTransferIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::FILE_INFO_LIST; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the reason property, + * which is transported in the filterable_body fields. + * The data type for the value of this property is string. + */ + const string REASON = + FileTransferIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::REASON; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the additionalText property, + * which is transported in the filterable_body fields. + * The data type for the value of this property is string. + */ + const string ADDITIONAL_TEXT = + FileTransferIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::ADDITIONAL_TEXT; + }; +}; + +``` + +``` +}; +``` + +``` +#endif // _FILE_TRANSFER_IRP_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): XML Definitions + +This annex contains the XML Definitions for the File Transfer Integration Reference Point (FT IRP) as it applies to Itf-N, in accordance with FT IRP IS definitions [15] as well as Notification Log IRP XML Definitions [16]. + +Apart from being used for the Notification Log, the XML definitions for FT IRP notifications are also used by the FT IRP SOAP SS. + +## --- B.1 Architectural Features + +The overall architectural feature of FT IRP is specified in 3G TS 32.342 [15]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the XML definitions. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [6]. + +### B.1.2 Notification Services + +This annex defines the XML syntax of FT IRP notifications that is to be used for the FT IRP SOAP Solution Set and in conjunction with Notification Log IRP XML Definitions for Notification Log IRP XML Data File and the NL IRP XML Notification Format [16]. + +### B.1.3 IOC Definitions + +This annex defines the XML syntax for the IOC definitions of the FT IRP IS [15], which are used by the XML definitions for the FT IRP notifications and the FT IRP IS operations. + +## --- B.2 Mapping + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +## --- B.3 Solution Set definitions + +### B.3.1 XML definition structure + +Clause B.3.2 provides a graphical representation of the XML elements. + +Clause B.3.3 provides XML definitions of FT IRP notifications as defined in [15]. These definitions are to be used for the FT IRP SOAP Solution Set and in conjunction with Notification Log IRP XML Definitions for Notification Log IRP XML Data File and the NL IRP XML Notification Format [16], as well as considerations for NL IRP XML File Name Conventions defined therein. + +Clause B.3.4 provides XML definitions of FT IOC as defined in [15]. + +### B.3.2 Graphical Representation + +![Diagram of NotifyFileReady message structure](523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the structure of the **NotifyFileReady** message. The message is an extension of **xe:Notification** and consists of a **xe:header** and an **xf:body**. The **xe:header** contains the **NotifyFileReady** element. The **xf:body** contains an **xf:FileInfoList** element and an **xf:AdditionalText** element. The **xf:FileInfoList** element is defined by the **xfi:FileInfoList** type, which includes the following elements: **xfi:ManagementDataType**, **xfi:FileSize**, **xfi:FileCompression** (optional), **xfi:FileReadyTime**, **xfi:FileExpirationTime**, **xfi:FileFormat**, and **xfi:FileLocation**. + +Diagram of NotifyFileReady message structure + +Figure B.3.2.1 + +![Diagram of NotifyFilePreparationError message structure](2eb23c2210154279f8013a1594fbcc5a_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the structure of the **NotifyFilePreparationError** message. The message is an extension of **xe:Notification** and consists of a **xe:header** and an **xf:body**. The **xe:header** contains the **NotifyFilePreparationError** element. The **xf:body** contains an **xf:FileInfoList** element, an **xf:Reason** element, and an **xf:AdditionalText** element. The **xf:FileInfoList** element is defined by the **xfi:FileInfoList** type, which includes the following elements: **xfi:ManagementDataType**, **xfi:FileSize**, **xfi:FileCompression** (optional), **xfi:FileReadyTime**, **xfi:FileExpirationTime**, **xfi:FileFormat**, and **xfi:FileLocation**. + +Diagram of NotifyFilePreparationError message structure + +Figure B.3.2.2 + +NOTE: The use of XML schema key word "sequence" to support IS-defined set (not sequence) is for the purpose of XML processor efficiency. This shall not imply the use of "sequence" in other technology. + +### B.3.3 XML Schema “fTIRPNotif.xsd” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +### B.3.4 XML Schema “fTIRPIOCs.xsd” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# --- Annex C (normative): SOAP Solution Set + +This annex specifies the SOAP Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics are specified in FT IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.342 [15]). + +--- + +## C.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of the FT IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.342 [15]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the SOAP Solution Set. + +### C.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [6]. + +### C.1.2 Notification Services + +The FT IRP SOAP SS uses the Notification IRP SOAP SS of 3GPP TS 32.336 [16]. The IRPAgent shall support the push interface model, which means that the IRPAgent sends FT notifications to the IRPManager as soon as new events occur. The IRPManager does not need to check ("pull") for events. + +Relevant definitions are imported from the FT IRP XML definitions in Annex B. + +### C.1.3 Supported W3C specifications + +The SOAP 1.1 specification [11] and WSDL 1.1 specification [13] are supported. + +The SOAP 1.2 specification [14] is supported optionally. + +This specification uses "document" style in WSDL file. + +This specification uses "literal" encoding style in WSDL file. + +The filter language used in the SS is the XPath Language (see W3C XPath 1.0 specification [12]). IRPAgents may throw a FilterComplexityLimit fault when a given filter is too complex. + +The FT IRP SOAP SS uses the Notification IRP SOAP SS of 3GPP TS 32.336 [5]. The IRPAgent shall support the push interface model, which means that the IRPAgent sends FT notifications to the IRPManager as soon as new events occur. The IRPManager does not need to check ("pull") for events. + +### C.1.4 Prefixes and namespaces + +This specification uses a number of namespace prefixes throughout that are listed in Table C.1.4. + +**Table C.1.4: Prefixes and Namespaces used in this specification** + +| PREFIX | NAMESPACE | +|------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| (no prefix) | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/ | +| soap | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/ | +| ftIRPSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.346#FTIRPSystem | +| ftIRPData | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.346#FTIRPData | +| xfi | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.346#FTIRPIOCs | +| genericIRPSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.316#GenericIRPSystem | +| ntfIRPNtfSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.306#NotificationIRPNtfSystem | + +## C.2 Mapping + +### C.2.1 Operation and notification mapping + +The FT IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.342 [15]) defines the operations and their semantics. + +Table C.2.1 maps the operations defined in the FT IRP IS to their equivalent port type and binding operations in this Solution Set (SS). + +Table C.2.1 also maps the notifications of the FT IRP IS, as well as inherited operations. + +Table C.2.1 also qualifies if an operation is Mandatory (M) or Optional (O). + +**Table C.2.1: Mapping from IS Operation to SS Equivalents** + +| IS Operation in 3GPP TS 32.342 [15] | SS: Operation for WSDL port type and WSDL binding | SS: Port of FileTransferIRPService | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------|-----------| +| listAvailableFiles | listAvailableFiles (note 1) | FileTransferIRPPort | M | +| fileDownloadIndication | fileDownloadIndication (note 1) | FileTransferIRPPort | O | +| notifyFileReady | notify (note 2) | NotificationIRPNtfPort | M | +| notifyFilePreparationError | notify (note 2) | NotificationIRPNtfPort | M | +| getIRPVersion (note 3) | See TS 32.316 [8] | GenericIRPPort | M | +| getOperationProfile (note 3) | See TS 32.316 [8] | GenericIRPPort | O | +| getNotificationProfile (note 3) | See TS 32.316 [8] | GenericIRPPort | O | +| NOTE 1: The operation is under the port type ftIRPSystem:FileTransferIRPPortType and under the binding ftIRPSystem:FileTransferIRPBinding. | | | | +| NOTE 2: The IS equivalent maps to an XML definition defined in Annex B, and this being an input parameter to the operation notify under the port type ntfIRPNtfSystem:NotificationIRPNtf and under the binding ntfIRPNtfSystem:NotificationIRPNtf of 3GPP TS 32.306 [5]. This binding is linked to a port of the FileTransferIRPService as indicated in the table above. | | | | +| NOTE 3: The IS operation is inherited from the ManagedGenericIRP IOC specified in 3GPP TS 32.312 [7]. This inheritance is by the FileTransferIRP IOC of 3GPP TS 32.342 [15] inheriting from the ManagedGenericIRP IOC. The corresponding binding is linked to a port of the FileTransferIRPService as indicated in the table above. | | | | + +### C.2.2 Operation parameter mapping + +The FT IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.342 [15]) defines semantics of parameters carried in the operations. The tables below show the mapping of these parameters, as per operation, to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +#### C.2.2.1 Operation listAvailableFiles + +##### C.2.2.1.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.1.1: Mapping from IS listAvailableFiles input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table 5.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| managementDataType | managementDataType | M | +| beginTime | beginTime | M | +| endTime | endTime | M | + +##### C.2.2.1.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.1.2: Mapping from IS `listAvailableFiles` output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table 5.1 | Qualifier | +|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| fileInfoList | fileInfoList | M | +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.1.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.1.3: Mapping from IS `listAvailableFiles` exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table 5.1 | Qualifier | +|---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| invalidTimes | InvalidTimes | M | + +#### C.2.2.2 Operation `fileDownloadIndication` + +##### C.2.2.2.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.2.1: Mapping from IS `fileDownloadIndication` input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table 5.1 | Qualifier | +|---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| fileInfoList | fileInfoList | M | + +##### C.2.2.2.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.2.2: Mapping from IS `fileDownloadIndication` output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table 5.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.2.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.2.3: Mapping from IS `fileDownloadIndication` exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table 5.1 | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| InvalidFileInfoList | InvalidFileInfoList | M | + +## C.3 Solution Set definitions + +### C.3.1 WSDL definition structure + +Clause C.3.2 provides a graphical representation of the FT IRP service. + +Clause C.3.3 defines the services which are supported the FT IRP agent. + +### C.3.2 Graphical Representation + +The WSDL structure is depicted in Figure C.3.2 below, depicting port type, binding and service. The port type contains port type operations, which again contains input, output and fault messages. The binding contains binding operations, which have the same name as the port type operations. The binding connects to a port inside the service. + +![Figure C.3.2: File Transfer IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure diagram showing Port Types, Bindings, and Services.](bb3354f497635d15bef873577125c48d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the WSDL structure for the File Transfer IRP SOAP Solution Set, organized into three columns: Port Types, Bindings, and Services. + +- Port Types:** + - NotificationIRPNTf**: Contains the operation `notify`. + - GenericIRPPortType**: Contains the operations `getIRPVersion`, `getOperationProfile`, and `getNotificationProfile`. + - FileTransferIRPPortType**: Contains the operations `listAvailableFiles` and `fileDownloadIndication`. +- Bindings:** + - NotificationIRPNTf**: Associated with the `NotificationIRPNTf` port type. It uses the `soap` transport and contains the operation `notify`. + - GenericIRPBinding**: Associated with the `GenericIRPPortType`. It uses the `soap` transport and contains the operations `getIRPVersion`, `getOperationProfile`, and `getNotificationProfile`. + - FileTransferIRPBinding**: Associated with the `FileTransferIRPPortType`. It uses the `soap` transport and contains the operations `listAvailableFiles` and `fileDownloadIndication`. +- Services:** + - NotificationIRPNTf**: A service box with a location of `To be defined.` + - FileTransferIRPService**: A service box containing three ports: + - NotificationIRPNTfPort**: Located at `http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32_306#NotificationIRPNTf`. + - GenericIRPPort**: Located at `http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32_316#GenericIRP`. + - FileTransferIRPPort**: Located at `http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32_346#FileTransferIRP`. + +Figure C.3.2: File Transfer IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure diagram showing Port Types, Bindings, and Services. + +Figure C.3.2: File Transfer IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure + +### C.3.3 WSDL specification “FTRPSystem.wsdl” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# --- Annex D (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2010-09 | SA#49 | SP-100516 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information and Approval | --- | 1.0.0 | +| 2010-10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | SA#57 | - 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Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.371: "Security Management concept and requirements".** +- 32.372: "Security services for Integration Reference Points (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- 32.376: "Security services for Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +In 3GPP SA5 context, IRPs are introduced to address process interfaces at the Itf-N interface. The Itf-N interface is built up by a number of Integration Reference Points (IRPs) and a related Name Convention, which realize the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. IRP consists of IRPManager and IRPAgent. Usually there are three types of transaction between IRPManager and IRPAgent, which are operation invocation, notification, and file transfer. + +However, there are different types of intentional threats against the transaction between IRPManagers and IRPAgents. All the threats are potential risks of damage or degradation of telecommunication services, which operators should take measures to reduce or eliminate to secure the telecommunication service, network, and data. + +By introducing Security Management, the present document describes security requirements to relieve the threats between IRPManagers and IRPAgents. + +As described in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], the architecture of Security Management is divided into two layers: + +- Layer A - Application Layer +- Layer B - OAM&P transport network + +The threats and Security Management requirements of different layers are different, which should be taken into account respectively. + +3GPP defines three types of IRP specifications, (see 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]). One type relates to the definitions of the interface deployed across the Itf-N. These definitions need to be agreed between the IRPManagers and IRPAgents so that meaningful communication can occur between them. An example of this type is the Alarm IRP. + +The other two types (NRM IRP and Data Definition IRP) relate to the network resource model (schema) of the managed network. This network schema needs to be agreed between the IRPManagers and IRPAgents so that network + +management services can be provided to the IRPManager(s) by the IRPAgent(s). An example of this type is the UTRAN NRM IRP. + +This Requirement specification is applicable to the Interface IRP specifications. That is to say, it is concerned only with the security aspects of operations/notifications/file deployed across the Itf-N. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines, in addition to the requirements defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], the requirements for Security Management IRP. + +The purpose of the present document is to specify the necessary security features, services and functions to protect the network management data, including Requests, Responses, Notifications and Files, exchanged across the Itf-N. + +Telecommunication network security can be breached by weaknesses in operational procedures, physical installations, communication links, computational processes and data storage. Of concern here in the present document is the security problems resulting from the weaknesses inherent in the communication technologies (i.e., the 3GPP-defined Interface IRPs and their supporting protocol stacks) deployed across the Itf-N. + +Appropriate level of security for a telecommunication network is essential. Secured access to the network management applications, and network management data, is essential. The 3GPP-defined Interface IRPs (and their supporting protocol stacks), deployed across the Itf-N, are used for such access, and therefore, their security is considered essential. + +Many network management security standards exist. However, there is no recommendation on how to apply them in the Itf-N context. Their deployment across the Itf-N is left to operators. The present document and the corresponding solutions identify and recommend security standards in the Itf-N context. + +The business case for secured Itf-N is complex as it does not relate to the functions of the Interface IRPs (the functions are constant) but rather, it relates to variants such as the cost of recovering from security breaks, the probability of security incidents and the cost of implementing Security Management, all of which differs depending on specific deployment scenarios. + +The present document describes the security functions for a 3G network in terms of Security Domains (subclause 4.1). Clause 5 defines the Itf-N Security Management scope in terms of its context (subclause 5.1) and the possible threats that can occur there are defined in clause 6. Clause 7 specifies the Itf-N security Requirements. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 (1998): "TMN security overview". +- [4] 3GPP TS 33.102: "3G Security; Security architecture". +- [5] ITU-T Recommendation X.800: "Security architecture for Open Systems Interconnection for CCITT applications". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5], ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 [3] and the following apply: + +**access control:** prevention of unauthorized use of a resource, including the prevention of use of a resource in an unauthorized manner, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**accountability:** property that ensures that the actions of an entity may be traced uniquely to the entity, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**audit:** See Security Audit. + +**authentication:** See data origin authentication and peer element authentication, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**authorization:** granting of rights, which includes the granting of access based on access rights, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**availability:** property of being accessible and useable upon demand by an authorized entity, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**confidentiality:** property that information is not made available or disclosed to unauthorized individuals, entities, or processes, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**credentials:** data that is transferred to establish the claimed identity of an entity, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**cryptography:** discipline which embodies principles, means, and methods for the transformation of data in order to hide its information content, prevent its undetected modification and/or prevent its unauthorized use, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**data integrity:** property that data has not been altered or destroyed in an unauthorized manner, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**data origin authentication:** corroboration that the source of data received is as claimed, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**denial of service:** prevention of authorized access to resources or the delaying of time-critical operations, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**digital signature:** data appended to, or a cryptographic transformation (see cryptography) of a data unit that allows a recipient of the data unit to prove the source and integrity of the data unit and protect against forgery e.g. by the recipient, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**eavesdropping:** breach of confidentiality by monitoring communication, see ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 [3]. + +**forgery:** entity fabricates information and claims that such information was received from another entity or sent to another entity, see ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 [3]. + +**Integration Reference Point (IRP):** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [6]. + +**IRP Agent:** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [6]. + +**IRP Manager:** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [6]. + +**loss or corruption of information:** integrity of data transferred is compromised by unauthorized deletion, insertion, modification, re-ordering, replay or delay, see ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 [3]. + +**Operations System (OS):** indicates a generic management system, independent of its location level within the management hierarchy. + +**masquerade:** pretence by an entity to be a different entity, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**password:** confidential authentication information, usually composed of a string of characters, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**Peer Entity Authentication:** The corroboration that a peer entity in an association is the one claimed, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**repudiation:** denial by one of the entities involved in a communication of having participated in all or part of the communication, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**security audit:** independent review and examination of system records and activities in order to test for adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policy and operational procedures, to detect breaches in security, and to recommend any indicated changes in control, policy and procedures, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**threat:** potential violation of security, see ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. + +**unauthorized access:** entity attempts to access data in violation of the security policy in force, see ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 [3]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CS | Communication Surveillance | +| DCN | Data Communication Network | +| EM | Element Manager | +| EP | Entry Point | +| FT | File Transfer | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service (see 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]) | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication standardization sector | +| NE | Network Element | +| NL | Notification Log | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OAM&P | Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning | +| OS | Operations System | +| PM | Performance Management | +| TM | Test Management | +| TMN | Telecom Management Network | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language (OMG) | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +# 4 Security Management background + +The objective of this clause is to provide the foundations for the development of security within the management domain and scope of a third generation mobile telecommunications network. This will be accomplished through the establishment of the boundaries of security from the perspective of the management subsystem of a 3G mobile telecommunications network. The definition of the concepts of security objectives, security threats, and finally security mechanisms and services are identified. + +This clause gives an overall view of Security Management in general, before entering clause 5 Security Management context and architecture discussion. The general security mechanisms and services used by the management subsystem will depend on the requirements defined in clause 7. How they are used is outside the scope of these requirements. Such aspects may be further specified in corresponding IS specifications. + +## 4.1 Security domains + +Security within a telecommunications network is a vast functional area covering most aspects and all components of a 3G system. To devise a solution more manageable and easier to evolve, the total network security scope is split into different and separate parts. For the present document purpose, the security scope is partitioned into four different domains. + +![Diagram of Security model/architecture showing four domains: Security Management Domain, User Domain, Network Domain, and OAM&P Domain.](a234352dfaccdc24745c88eef7724cc6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the security model/architecture. At the top, a large horizontal oval is labeled "Security Management Domain". Below it, three smaller vertical ovals are arranged horizontally, labeled from left to right: "User Domain", "Network Domain", and "OAM&P Domain". + +Diagram of Security model/architecture showing four domains: Security Management Domain, User Domain, Network Domain, and OAM&P Domain. + +**Figure 1: Security model/architecture** + +The **User domain** contains a set of security features that protect User Equipment against attacks on radio interface and provides users with secure access to subscribed services and applications. Examples of security features in this user domain are: + +- The set of security features that provide users with secure access to 3G services, and which in particular protect against attacks on the (radio) access link; +- The set of security features that secure access to mobile stations; +- The set of security features that enable applications in the user and in the provider domain to securely exchange messages. + +The **Network domain** provides the set of security features that enable nodes in the provider domain to securely exchange signalling data, and protect against attacks on the wireline network. This domain covers protection of the network, network elements and all internal (control and signalling) traffic against security threats. The network elements can belong to a single operator (intra-operator) or to different operators (inter-operator). + +The **OAM&P domain** accommodates management tools to supervise all nodes of a cellular network. The OAM&P domain security provides the protection of all the operation and maintenance traffic, authentication of users, applications and access control to the nodes. It protects the resources of network elements and management applications from intentional and unintentional destructive manipulation. + +The **Security Management domain** comprises all activities to establish, maintain and terminate the security aspects of a system. Examples of the features covered by the Security Management domain are: + +- Management of security services; +- Installation of security mechanisms; +- Key management (management part); +- Establishment of identities, keys, access control information, etc.; +- Management of security audit trail and security alarms. + +Using the above partitioned view, the scope of the present document is focused on security requirements of the OAM&P domain and is not focused on requirements of other domains. Furthermore, since the Itf-N operates within the OAM&P domain, the scope of the present document is further "narrowed" towards a component, namely the Itf-N component of the OAM&P domain. + +For further explanation of the semantics of the general security terms referred to in following subclauses 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4, refer to ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5]. It is not intended to repeat them here. + +## 4.2 Security objectives + +Security objectives are necessary in order to define the intended purpose of security within a network. ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 [3] defines the following objectives for security. + +- Confidentiality; +- Data integrity; +- Accountability; +- Availability; + +## 4.3 Security threats + +A security threat is defined by ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 [3] as a potential violation of security that can be directed at one of the four basic security objectives (see subclause 4.2). ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5] defines the following security threats: + +- Masquerade. +- Eavesdropping. +- Unauthorized access. +- Loss or corruption of information. +- Repudiation. +- Forgery. +- Denial of service. + +NOTE: In contemporary network security jargon, "denial of service" is most often used to describe a class of attacks that are intended to subvert the delivery of service. In this context the "denial of service" threat can be best described as "denial of service delivery". + +## 4.4 Security Mechanisms and services + +ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5] defines a set of security mechanisms that can be used to implement security objectives within a network. Security mechanisms are manifested within and/or by security services. The fundamental security services are identified by ITU-T Recommendation X.800 [5] as being: + +- Peer entity authentication. +- Data origin authentication. + +- Access control service. +- Connection confidentiality. +- Connectionless confidentiality. +- Selective field confidentiality. +- Traffic flow confidentiality. +- Connection Integrity with recovery. +- Connection integrity without recovery. +- Selective field connection integrity. +- Connectionless integrity. +- Selective field connectionless integrity. +- Non-repudiation Origin. +- Non-repudiation. Delivery. + +## 4.5 TMN perspective regarding security threats + +Table 1 is taken from ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 [3]. It shows TMN perspective on which security functions are required to counter the Security Threats identified in subclause 4.3. + +The security mechanisms identified in subclause 4.4 may be used to achieve the security requirements. + +**Table 1: Correlation of security management functional area with threats (from ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 [3])** + +| Functional Requirement Area | Security Management | Masquerade | Eavesdropping | Unauthorized access | Loss/corruption of information | Repudiation | Forgery | Denial of Service | +|-------------------------------------|---------------------|------------|---------------|---------------------|--------------------------------|-------------|---------|-------------------| +| Verification of identities | | x | | x | | | | | +| Controlled access and authorization | | | | x | | | | x | +| Protection of confidentiality | | | x | x | | | | | +| Protection of data integrity | | | | | x | | | | +| Accountability | | | | | | | | | +| Activity logging | | x | | x | | x | x | x | +| Alarm reporting | | x | | x | x | | | x | +| Audit | | x | | x | | x | x | x | + +# 5 Security Management context and architecture + +This clause puts the security issues identified in clause 4 into the context of 3G OAM&P domain. It also identifies the architectural framework within which security is required in 3G OAM&P domain. + +## 5.1 Context + +This subclause defines the Itf-N Security Management (SM) Context. The Itf-N is one of many interfaces defined within the OAM&P domain (see subclause 4.1). Therefore, this Itf-N Security Management Context is within that OAM&P Domain. + +The following diagram highlights the types of communication links that are realized across the Itf-N. All 3GPP Interface IRPs operate across the Itf-N using these links. + +The link-a-1 and link-a-2 represent the two-way links carrying Request from NM (playing the role of IRPManager) and Response from Managed System (playing the role of IRPAgent). The link-b represents a one-way link carrying Notification from the Managed System (playing the role of IRPAgent). The link-c represents the two-way link for File download and upload. + +![Diagram of the security management context showing communication links between a Network Manager (NM) and a Managed System across an Itf-N interface.](fbfa653853daf5541118a9ddecb92284_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the security management context across the Itf-N interface. On the left, a box labeled 'NM' represents the Network Manager. On the right, a dashed box labeled 'Managed System' contains four internal components: 'FileTransfer IRP', 'other IRPs', 'NotificationIRP', and 'Notification distribution Service'. A vertical dashed line labeled 'Itf-N' separates the NM and the Managed System. Four communication links are shown: + + +- link-c**: A two-way link between NM and 'FileTransfer IRP'. +- link-a-1**: A two-way link between NM and 'other IRPs'. +- link-a-2**: A two-way link between NM and 'NotificationIRP'. +- link-b**: A one-way link from 'Notification distribution Service' to NM. + +Diagram of the security management context showing communication links between a Network Manager (NM) and a Managed System across an Itf-N interface. + +**Figure 2: Security management context** + +The Requirements are related to these communication links. They are also related to the end-points (communicating entities) of the communication links. These end-points are the NM when playing the role of IRPManager and the Managed System when playing the role of IRPAgent. + +Securing the end-points means to protect them from unauthorized use (see subclause 4.3). + +The Requirements are not related to other kinds of links nor entities that exist in the OAM&P Domain. Examples of link and entity types to be excluded are: + +- Non-IRP links reaching NM (e.g. the customer-service-oriented application accessing the applications in NM space, a user to logon to NM). +- Non-IRP links reaching IRPAgents (e.g. a user to log on to an Element Manager, a remote network management application accessing the IRPAgent functions). +- Non-IRP links reaching Network Elements (e.g. a subnetwork management application communicating with the MSC using vendor-specific means, a user to logon to a radio base station). +- All applications running in the NM space and Managed System space that are not playing the roles of IRPManager and IRPAgent. + +## 5.2 Architecture + +The security architecture for 3G networks is defined within 3GPP TS 33.102 [4] based on the concept of strata and feature groups. The present document extends the security architecture defined within 3GPP TS 33.102 [4] to support + +security in the management system of a 3G network. The following figure depicts the extension of the 3G security architecture to cover 3G OAM&P Security. + +![Figure 3: The Management layers of the 3G security architecture. The diagram shows two layers: Layer A (Management) and Layer B (OAM&P Transport network). Layer A contains a Client (with IRPManager) and a Server/NEs (with IRPAgent) connected via an Itf-N interface. Layer B is the OAM&P Transport network. Common Services are shown on the left, connected to both layers.](cab0834804fb031b43865554cc8d06ab_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the management layers of the 3G security architecture. It is divided into two layers: Layer A (Management) and Layer B (OAM&P Transport network). Layer A contains a Client (with IRPManager) and a Server/NEs (with IRPAgent) connected via an Itf-N interface. Layer B is the OAM&P Transport network. Common Services are shown on the left, connected to both layers. + +Figure 3: The Management layers of the 3G security architecture. The diagram shows two layers: Layer A (Management) and Layer B (OAM&P Transport network). Layer A contains a Client (with IRPManager) and a Server/NEs (with IRPAgent) connected via an Itf-N interface. Layer B is the OAM&P Transport network. Common Services are shown on the left, connected to both layers. + +**Figure 3: The Management layers of the 3G security architecture +(based on 3GPP TS 32.101 [1])** + +Within the Management layer there is defined an additional security feature group. This feature group is: + +**OAM&P Domain Security (VI-for further study):** the set of security features that provides protection to all OAM&P communication related to all applications, actors, and communications traffic related to the operations and management of a 3G network over Itf-N. + +# 6 Security threats in IRP context + +## 6.1 Security threats to IRPs + +The table below identifies the security threats in IRP context for the present release. + +The definitions of the column headings of the table follow: + +- 1) Manager Masquerade: One entity can masquerade as an IRPManager. +- 2) Unauthorized Access: Unauthorized access by an IRPManager to IRPAgent, causing unexpected disclosure of information from IRPAgent, and even damage to IRPAgent and Network Elements under its control. +- 3) Agent Masquerade: One entity can masquerade as an IRPAgent. +- 4) Loss or Corruption: Loss or corruption of information including bulk data. +- 5) Eavesdropping (Note 3): Eavesdropping on sensitive management information. +- 6) Repudiation: IRPManager and/or IRPAgent denies the fact that it has sent or received some management information. + +"File transfer" in the row headings of the table refers to the file transfer mechanism used by the corresponding IRPs. Because the IRPs use the file transfer mechanisms provided by the File Transfer IRP the threats relating to file transfer mechanisms are shown in rows associated with the FT IRP. + +"File content" in the row headings of the table refers to the file content of files used by the corresponding IRPs. The threats to file content are dependant on the IRP to which the file belongs, and these are therefore shown against the IRP that created or uses the files. + +**Table 2: Matrix of security threats** + +| | Manager Masquerade | Unauthorized Access | Agent Masquerade | Loss or Corruption | Eavesdropping (Note 3) | Reputation | | | | | | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|---------------------|------------------|--------------------|------------------------|------------|--|--|--|--|--|--| +| Basic CM IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | H | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| notification | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| Kernel CM IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | H | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| Notification (note 4) | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| Bulk CM IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | H | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| notification | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| file content (Active) (note 1) | N/A | N/A | N/A | H | L | H | | | | | | | +| file content (Passive) | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| Alarm IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | L | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| notification | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| file content | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | | | | | | | +| Notification IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | H (note 2) | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| notification (n/a) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | | | | | | | +| TM IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | H (note 2) | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| notification | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| file content | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| FT IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | H | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| notification | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| file transfer | H | H | N/A | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| EP IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | H | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| notification | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| PM IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | L(Note 2) | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| notification | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| file content | N/A | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| CS IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | L | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| notification | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| NL IRP | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| operation | H | L | L | N/A | L | H | | | | | | | +| notification | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| file content | N/A | N/A | N/A | L | L | L | | | | | | | +| Legend: | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| H: | A security threat of a higher level. | | | | | | | | | | | | +| L: | A security threat of a lower level. | | | | | | | | | | | | +| N/A: | Not applicable. | | | | | | | | | | | | +| TBD: | To Be Decided. | | | | | | | | | | | | +| NOTE 1: The IRP Agent shall check that a downloaded file has not been changed during a session before performing a pre-activation or activation. | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| NOTE 2: Relationship between operations is for further study. | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| NOTE 3: Assume security of DCN between IRP Manager and IRP Agent is not described in the present document. | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| NOTE 4: Applicable when Kernel CM IRP is used in isolation. | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +## 6.2 Mapping of Security requirements and Threats in IRP Context + +It is necessary to take measures to prevent the threats described in subclause 6.1 in IRP context. + +Table 3 shows how the threats identified in subclause 6.1 are countered by security mechanisms. + +**Table 3: Mapping of security requirements and threats** + +| Security Requirements | Security Threats | Manager Masquerade | Unauthorized Access | Agent Masquerade | Loss or Corruption | Eavesdropping | Repudiation | +|----------------------------|------------------|--------------------|---------------------|------------------|--------------------|---------------|-----------------| +| Manager Authentication | | X | X | | | | | +| Agent Authentication | | | | X | | | | +| Authorization | | | X | | | | | +| Integrity protection | | | | | X | | | +| Confidentiality protection | | | X | | | X | | +| Non-repudiation | | | | | | | X | +| Security alarm | | X | X | | X | | | +| Activity log | | X | X | | | | X
(see note) | + +NOTE: Activity Log can partly counter the threat of Repudiation. + +# --- 7 Security requirement of Itf-N + +Table 4 identifies the security requirements in IRP context for the present release. + +The definitions of the column headings of the table follow: + +- 1) Manager Authentication: IRPAgent authenticates IRPManager. It implies that the IRPManager shall be identified so as to be authenticated. +- 2) Authorization: IRPAgent authorizes the IRPManager, i.e. IRPAgent checks if the IRPManager has been authorized to perform the operations on receiving operation request. +- 3) Agent Authentication: IRPManager authenticates IRPAgent. It implies that the IRPAgent shall be identified so as to be authenticated. +- 4) Integrity Protection: Receiver (IRPManager or IRPAgent) of bulk data checks the integrity of the bulk data. +- 5) Confidentiality Protection: The confidentiality of sensitive management information is protected. +- 6) Non-Repudiation: Means are provided to prove that exchange of data between IRPAgent and IRPManager actually took place. +- 7) Security Alarm: IRPAgent issues security alarm to IRPManager when breach of security is detected, e.g. request for unauthorized operation, damage of file transferred, etc. +- 8) Activity Log: It helps to find out who (i.e. identities of IRPManager) did what (i.e. names of operations and notifications) and when. This capability is called the activity log. It includes information like requested operations, operations performed, emitted notifications/alarms, and transferred files. In the context of Itf-N, IRPAgent maintains activity log(s) and the activity log(s) of IRPManager are out of scope of the present document. + +"File transfer" in row headings of the table refers to the file transfer mechanism used by corresponding IRP. Because the IRPs use the file transfer mechanisms provided by the File Transfer IRP the threats relating to file transfer mechanisms are shown in rows associated with the FT IRP. + +"File content" in row headings of the table refers to the file content of file created or used by the corresponding IRP. + +"Active" in relation to file content for Bulk CM IRP refers to configuration files downloaded to the IRPAgent from the IRPManager. + +"Passive" in relation to file content for Bulk CM IRP refers to configuration files uploaded to the IRPManager from the IRPAgent. + +Table 4 Matrix of security requirements + +| | Manager
Authentication | Authorization | Agent
Authentication | Integrity
Protection | Confidentiality
Protection | Non-Repudiation | Security Alarm | Activity Log | +|-------------------------|---------------------------|---------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------------|-----------------|----------------|--------------| +| Basic CM IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | X | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| notification | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| Kernel CM IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | X | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| Notification (note 6) | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| Bulk CM IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | X | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| notification | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| file content (Active) | N/A | N/A | N/A | X | - | - | X | X (note 3) | +| file content (Passive) | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A (note 2) | N/A | +| Alarm IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | - | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| notification | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| file content (note 1) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | +| Notification IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | X (note 5) | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| notification (n/a) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | +| TM IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | X (note 5) | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| notification | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| file content | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| FT IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | X | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| notification | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| file transfer | X | X | N/A | X (note 4) | - | - | X | X | +| EP IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | X | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| notification | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| PM IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | X (note 5) | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| notification | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| file content | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| CS IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | - | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| notification | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| NL IRP | | | | | | | | | +| operation | X | - | - | N/A | - | - | X | X | +| notification | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | +| file content | N/A | N/A | - | - | - | - | N/A | - | + +N/A: Not applicable. +"-": Not a requirement. +X: A requirement. + +NOTE 1: N/A because no file transfer operations for this IRP have yet been defined. +NOTE 2: This field is N/A because no integrity check is performed on the file contents and therefore no security alarm can be issued as a result. If file contents are checked and no requirement for issuing an alarm identified this field would be "-". +NOTE 3: For active files the activity log of Bulk CM IRP contains details of the suboperations. +NOTE 4: FT IRP is responsible for checking the integrity of the files transferred, but not the file content semantics. +NOTE 5: Relationship between operations is for further study. +NOTE 6: Applicable when Kernel CM IRP is used in isolation. + +# --- Annex A (informative): Protocols for IP Network Security to Support Itf-N + +Many security threats exist to the management plane of the telecommunications networks. In addition, new security threats to the management plane are being introduced as the network evolves. The purpose of this document is to provide security guidelines for using IP Network security protocols such as Internet Protocol Security (IPsec), SSL/TLS (Secure Socket Layer/Transport Layer Security) and Secure Shell(SSH) to help mitigate security risks to the management network. The security provided by IP Network security protocols may be obtained by implementing these protocols within network equipment or through the use of external mechanisms such as IPsec VPN devices. + +In some telecommunications networks, management traffic is transmitted on a separate network from that carrying the service provider's end-user traffic. In these networks, security threats to the management plane are isolated from malicious activity on the end-user plane. With evolving telecommunications networks however, management traffic is often combined on a single network with end-user traffic. Combining traffic in this manner minimizes costs by requiring only a single integrated network infrastructure; however, new security challenges are introduced. Threats in the end-user plane now become threats to the management plane since the management plane becomes accessible to the multitude of end-users. Thus security, which was very important before, becomes even more critical with the evolving network. + +## Scope + +This document provides recommendations and guidelines for using IP Network security protocols such as Internet Protocol Security (IPsec), SSL/TLS (Secure Socket Layer/Transport Layer Security) and Secure Shell (SSH) to help mitigate security risks for management traffic. The use of IP Network security protocols can be used to provide a basic level of network security for the 3GPP Itf-N interface and underlying network used to transport management traffic. In addition to the use of IP Network security protocols, other aspects of security including operator authentication/authorization, operating system hardening and security event logging must also be considered to provide an overall secure solution, however these aspects are beyond the scope of this document. + +## Framework Model + +The framework model used by this document is from Figure 1, clause 5.1.1 of TS 32.101 [TS 32.101]. This diagram, reproduced below in Figure 1, identifies a set of interfaces used by 3GPP. The recommendations of this document apply specifically to management interfaces of Type 2 [EM-NM; also known as Interface N], including the underlying IP transport network used to support this interface. + +The recommendations and guidelines in this document may also be considered in future to provide security for other interfaces such as the Type 1 [NE-EM] interface. + +![Diagram of 3GPP Management System Interactions showing Organization A and Organization B. Organization A contains Enterprise Systems, Network Management (NM), Element Management (EM), and Network Elements (NE). Organization B is shown as a separate entity. Interactions are labeled with numbers 4, 5, and 6, and cardinalities like 'omega', 'N', and '1'.](8fa679f79a1bb1f527cba9f29e784e89_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the management system interactions within 3GPP. It is divided into two main vertical sections: Organization A and Organization B. Organization A contains a hierarchy of management systems: Enterprise Systems at the top, followed by Network Management (NM), Element Management (EM), and Network Elements (NE) at the bottom. A vertical double-headed arrow on the left is labeled 'Operations Systems'. Interactions are shown as lines with labels: 'omega' (∞) between Enterprise Systems and NM; '4' between NM boxes; '5' between Enterprise Systems and Organization B, and between NM and Organization B; 'N' (many) between NM and EM, and between EM and NE; '1' (one) between EM and NE; and '6' between NE boxes. A dashed line separates the NM and EM layers, with an 'Itf-N' interface label. Organization B is shown as a separate box with no internal details. + +Diagram of 3GPP Management System Interactions showing Organization A and Organization B. Organization A contains Enterprise Systems, Network Management (NM), Element Management (EM), and Network Elements (NE). Organization B is shown as a separate entity. Interactions are labeled with numbers 4, 5, and 6, and cardinalities like 'omega', 'N', and '1'. + +**Figure A.1: 3GPP Management System Interactions** + +## Security Threats + +A number of serious security threats are commonly associated with the OAM&P management network infrastructure. Security threats include Masquerade, Eavesdropping, Unauthorized Access, Loss/Corruption of Information, Repudiation, Forgery and Denial of Service. + +Attacks may be launched from inside the network by insiders such as disgruntled employees and also from external sources such as hackers. IP Network security protocols such as IPsec, SSL/TLS and SSH can be effective in mitigating many of these security threats. In addition, other security services may be able to make use of security provided by the IP Network security protocols. For example passwords used for application level authentication will be protected against eavesdropping when transmitted over a network infrastructure secured by IP Network security protocols. + +Table 1, taken from ITU-T Recommendation M.3016, illustrates a mapping of security functions required to mitigate identified security threats [M.3016]. In Table 2, the general capabilities of IP Network security protocols (IPsec, SSL/TLS and SSH) is mapped against required security functions. This illustrates how IP Network security protocols can help mitigate security vulnerabilities. + +**Table A.1: Correlation of Security Management Functional Area with Threats +(from ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 [2])** + +| Functional Requirement Area | Security Management | Masquerade | Eavesdropping | Unauthorized access | Loss/corruption of information | Repudiation | Forgery | Denial of Service | +|-------------------------------------|----------------------------|-------------------|----------------------|----------------------------|---------------------------------------|--------------------|----------------|--------------------------| +| Verification of identities | | x | | x | | | | | +| Controlled access and authorization | | | | x | | | | x | +| Protection of confidentiality | | | x | x | | | | | +| Protection of data integrity | | | | | x | | | | +| Activity logging | | x | | x | | x | x | x | +| Alarm reporting | | x | | x | x | | | x | +| Audit | | x | | x | | x | x | x | + +**Table A.2: Correlation of Security Functional Area with Security Services Provided by IP Network Security Protocols** + +| Functional Requirement Area | Threat Mitigation Measures Provided by IP Network Security Protocols. | +|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Verification of identities | Machine-to-machine (server-to-server) authentication services can be provided based on password or X.509 certificates. Application layer authentication is not provided. | +| Controlled access and authorization | Network/transport layer packet filtering service can reject non-authorized packets. | +| Protection of confidentiality | Confidentiality service is provided by underlying encryption technology within the Network Security protocol. The strength of the encryption service can vary to extremely strong dependent on underlying encryption algorithm and key length chosen. | +| Protection of data integrity | Strong data integrity service is provided by underlying cryptographic service within the Network Security protocol. (E.g. Keyed Hashed Message Authentication Code with Secure Hash Algorithm-1). | +| Activity logging | Not provided. | +| Alarm reporting | Not provided. | +| Audit | Not provided. | + +## Security Solutions + +### Application Layer Security + +Application layer security provides a security solution targeted specifically to a particular application, which must be implemented in the end hosts. Application layer security has the advantage of easy access to user credentials because it operates in the context of the user, which makes user AAA services easier to implement. Also, an application can be extended for security without having to depend on the operating system to provide these services. + +The disadvantage of application level security is that security mechanisms must be designed independently for every application that needs to be secured. Thus, it is very difficult to create seamless and scalable security architectures using only application layer security. + +### Transport Layer Security + +Transport layer security provides security services at the Transport layer (Layer 4). SSL, which has been revised and standardized by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as TLS, is the security protocol that provides security at the transport layer. + +A single SSL/TLS instance can be used to create multiple SSL/TLS sessions through an Internet protocol (IP) network to provide security for various applications. Modifications are required to each application to allow that application to request SSL/TLS security services. SSL/TLS is the de-facto standard for Web-based HTTP traffic, and all standard Web browsers include built-in SSL/TLS technology. + +Because SSL/TLS technology does not operate in the context of the user, obtaining user context is difficult, making it harder to implement user AAA services. SSL/TLS is applicable only to TCP traffic and cannot be used to protect UDP traffic. + +### Network Layer Security + +Network layer security provides security services at the Network layer (Layer 3). The IETF IPsec Suite is the security protocol that provides security at the network layer. IPsec is optional for IPv4 and a mandatory component of IPv6. IPsec can be used to protect data from any different application or transport protocols. No modifications are required to the applications, and the security services appear transparent to the applications. IPsec is the de-facto standard used for creating network layer virtual private networks. (IPsec VPN). + +Because IPsec technology does not operate in the context of the user, obtaining user context is difficult, making it harder to implement user AAA services. + +## Recommendations + +Service providers are increasingly using in-band network management and thus logical separation of management traffic through the use of IP network security protocols is a beneficial security practice. Also, security statistics show that up to 70% of all compromises of resources are caused by “insiders”. Use of IP network security protocols for management traffic provides a good degree of protection against insiders with the exception of the small group of insiders that have legitimate access to the encryption keys. + +It is recommended to provide baseline infrastructure security between machines communicating across the Itf-N through the use of IP network security protocols such as IPsec, SSL/TLS and SSH. These IP network security protocols employ security services through the use of cryptographic mechanisms and provide services including data confidentiality, data integrity, machine-to-machine authentication, and others. The recommended IP network security protocols are IPsec (Internet Protocol security suite), Secure Shell (SSH), and Secure Socket Layer/Transport Layer Security (SSL/TLS), and the choice and use of a particular IP network security protocol is based on particular service provider requirements. + +External IPsec VPN devices may also be used to meet these recommendations for protection of management traffic. Using an external IPsec VPN instead of embedded IPsec solutions however introduces extra complexity and does not provide end-to-end protection between management servers. Thus the preferred longer-term solution is to incorporate the capability directly into the management platforms. + +All of the IP network security protocols rely on underlying cryptographic algorithms such as AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), DES (Data Encryption Standard), TDEA (Triple Data Encryption Algorithm), HMAC-MD5 (Hashed Message Authentication Code with Message Digest 5), HMAC-SHA-1 (Hashed Message Authentication Code with Secure Hash Algorithm-1), RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adleman) and other cryptographic algorithms to provide the security services. Please note that the choice of particular cryptographic algorithms and key lengths for use with IP network security protocols is based on particular service provider and market requirements, and no specific recommendations are made in this document. {References [FIPS-46-3], [FIPS-197], [RFC 2403], [RFC 2404], [RFC 2437]}. + +### IPsec Security Services: + +#### Overview and Capabilities + +IPsec addresses security at the IP layer, provided through the use of a combination of cryptographic and protocol security mechanisms. IPsec protocol runs between the Network layer (Layer 3) and the Transport layer (Layer 4) and can be used to protect any type of data traffic (TCP or UDP) and is independent of applications. IPsec is designed to provide interoperable, high quality, cryptographically-based security for IPv4 and IPv6. The set of security services offered by IPsec includes: + +- a) Data integrity +- b) Data origin authentication based on IP address +- c) Machine-to-machine authentication +- d) Anti-Replay Protection +- e) Data confidentiality +- f) Cryptographic key exchange + +These objectives are met through the use of two traffic security services, the Authentication Header (AH) and the Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), and through the use of cryptographic key management procedures and protocols. AH service provides data origin authentication, machine-to-machine authentication and data integrity for IP packets. ESP service provides data confidentiality service in addition to data origin authentication, machine-to-machine authentication and data integrity for IP packets. IPsec mechanisms also designed to be cryptographic algorithm-independent to permits selection of different sets of algorithms without affecting the other parts of the implementation. + +Key Management is provided by the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol. Both manual and automatic mechanisms for key negotiation between endpoints are provided. Automatic key negotiation can be based on pre-shared keys (e.g. passwords) or X.509 certificates. + +#### Recommendations for use of IPsec for Itf-N Security + +This section provides basic recommendation for the use of IPsec for protection of network management traffic crossing the Itf-N interface, and is not intended to be exhaustive. + +- a) The Itf-N servers operate in a client-server (host to host) environment and therefore the use IPsec transport mode versus IPsec tunnel mode is recommended. +- b) ESP service is recommended versus AH service since it can provide encryption service and/or authentication services. AH service can only provide authentication service. +- c) It is recommended to use always use the optional ESP authentication service when using ESP encryption service. +- d) If only authentication services are needed, it is recommended to use ESP service with null encryption to accomplish this. +- e) It is recommended to choose underlying cryptographic algorithms depending on service provider and market requirements. (For North American applications 128 bit AES should be strongly considered). +- f) References [RFC 2401], [RFC 2402], [RFC 2403], [RFC 2404], [RFC 2405], [RFC 2406], [RFC 2407], [RFC 2408], [RFC 2409], [RFC 2410], [RFC 2411], [RFC 2412], [RFC 3602], [RFC 2451], [FIPS-197]. + +### SSL/TLS Security Services: + +#### Overview and Capabilities + +The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) security protocol provides data encryption, server authentication, message integrity, and optional client authentication for a TCP/IP connection at the transport layer (layer 4). SSL is currently at revision 3.0. Transport Layer Security (TLS) is the IETF standardized version of SSL which includes security enhancements over SSL including: + +- Required Diffie-Hellman and DSA digital signatures algorithm (DSA) support, with optional RSA support. +- Use of stronger hashed message authentication algorithm (HMAC) instead of a non-standard SSL defined MAC algorithm. +- Modified key generation algorithm which uses MD5 (Message Digest 5) and SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) with the HMAC. + +The SSL/TLS protocol runs above the Network Layer (Layer 4) and works with Transport Control Protocol (TCP) protocol only and cannot work with User Datagram Protocol (UDP). The application layer protocols that commonly run on top of SSL/TLS include, but are not limited to, Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP), the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), and the Internet Messaging Access Protocol. Higher application-level protocol can work above SSL/TLS without any regard for SSL/TLS; however the application level must be linked to SSL/TLS through the use of I/O callbacks. + +The SSL/TLS protocol provides three security functions for TCP traffic: data confidentiality, data integrity and authentication. + +The SSL/TLS security protocol architecture provides two layers which run over TCP: The SSL/TLS Upper Layer Protocols, and the SSL/TLS Record Protocol. + +The SSL/TLS Upper Layer Protocols includes the SSL/TLS Handshake Protocol, SSL/TLS Cipher Change Protocol, and the SSL/TLS Alert Protocol for notifications. SSL/TLS sessions are initially created by the SSL/TLS handshake protocol which provides: + +- a) Negotiation of authentication and security mechanisms. +- b) Authentication of client and server. (Using the server and client public/private keys). +- c) Establishment of security keys. + +Once the SSL/TLS session is established, the SSL/TLS Record Protocol is used for bulk data transport services. The SSL/TLS Record Protocol provides: + +- a) Data origin authentication based on the server keys. +- b) Data integrity. +- c) Confidentiality. + +#### Recommendations for use of SSL/TLS for Itf-N Security + +This section provides basic recommendation for the use of SSL/TLS for protection of network management traffic crossing the Itf-N interface, and is not intended to be exhaustive. + +- a) Where SSL/TLS is required, either SSLv3 or TLS may be used . However, it is noted that TLS has enhanced security over SSL. +- b) SSL/TLS allows either unidirectional authentication where the server is authenticated to the client only, or bidirectional authentication where both client and server authenticate to each other. Unidirectional authentication is the usual method used in the public internet, however for network management applications bidirectional authentication is recommended to allow both parties to know they are communicating with the desired endpoint. +- c) References [RFC 2246], [RFC 3546], [SSL V3]. + +### SSH Security Services: + +#### Overview and Capabilities + +SSH is an Application Layer (Layer 7) security protocol commonly used to directly replace insecure protocols Telnet and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) protocols. Telnet and FTP are insecure protocols which transmit passwords and all other data in the clear. SSH can also be used to protect other protocols through the use of port forwarding, so it can be used as a general network security protocol. + +There are two versions of SSH: SSHv1 and SSHv2. SSHv1 was developed in 1998 and is now considered insecure/obsolete. + +Secure Shell 2 features are: + +- Full replacement for Telnet, Rlogin, Rsh, Rcp, and FTP protocols to provide secure file transfer and file copying. +- Automatic authentication of users. (no passwords sent in clear-text). +- Bi-directional authentication (both the server and the client are authenticated). +- Tunnelling of arbitrary TCP/IP-based applications through the use of port forwarding. +- Encryption of data for data confidentiality. +- Multiple authentication options including passwords, public key, and SecureID authentication +- Multiple ciphers suites available. + +The SSHv2 architecture consists of three major components: + +- The Transport Layer Protocol [SSH-TRANS] provides server authentication, data confidentiality, and data integrity. It may optionally also provide compression. +- The User Authentication Protocol [SSH-USERAUTH] authenticates the client-side user to the server. +- The Connection Protocol [SSH-CONNECT] multiplexes the encrypted tunnel into several logical channels. + +The connection protocol provides channels that can be used for a wide range of purposes. Standard methods are provided for setting up secure interactive shell sessions and for forwarding ("tunnelling") arbitrary TCP/IP ports and connections. + +Port number 22 has been registered with the IANA as the standard port to use for SSHv2 applications. + +#### Recommendations for use of SSH for Itf-N Security + +This section provides basic recommendation for the use of SSH for protection of network management traffic crossing the Itf-N interface, and is not intended to be exhaustive. + +- a) It is recommended to use SSHv2 where SSH protocol is required because of its widespread acceptance and enhanced security over SSHv1. +- b) SSHv1 should be considered insecure/obsolete. +- c) Interoperating with an SSHv1 protocol is not recommended and SSHv1 connection attempts should be rejected. +- d) References [SSH-ARCH], [SSH-TRANS], [SSH-USERAUTH], [SSH-CONNECT]. + +## Conclusions/Recommendations + +IP Network Security protocols (IPsec, SSL/TLS or SSH) can be used to provide baseline infrastructure security between machines communicating across the Itf-N. It is recommended to use these IP Network security protocols to provide underlying security for the 3GPP OA&M network, with the choice of protocols and cryptographic dependant on particular service provider and market requirements. + +## References + +| | | +|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| [TS 32.101] | 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". | +| [M.3016] | ITU-T Recommendation M.3016 (1998): "TMN security overview". | +| [RFC2401] | IETF RFC 2401, "Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol", November 1998, S. Kent, R. Atkinson;
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2401.txt?number=2401 | +| [NDS/IP] | 3GPP TS 33.210, 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; 3G Security; Network Domain Security; IP network layer security. | +| [RFC 2402] | IETF RFC 2402, "Internet Protocol Authentication Header", November 1998, S. Kent, R. Atkinson;
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2402.txt?number=2402 | +| [RFC 2403] | IETF RFC 2403, " The Use of HMAC-MD5-96 within ESP and AH,"
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2403.txt?number=2403 | +| [RFC 2404] | IETF RFC 2404, " The Use of HMAC-SHA-1-96 within ESP and AH,"
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2404.txt?number=2404 | +| [RFC 2405] | IETF RFC 2405, "The ESP DES CBC Cipher Algorithm with Explicit IV,"
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2405.txt?number=2405 | +| [RFC 2406] | IETF RFC 2406, "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP),"
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2406.txt?number=2406 | +| [RFC 2407] | IETF RFC 2407, "The Internet IP Security Domain of Interpretation for ISAKMP,"
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2407.txt?number=2407 | +| [RFC 2408] | IETF RFC 2408, " Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol,"
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2408.txt?number=2408 | +| [RFC 2409] | IETF RFC 2409, "Internet Key Exchange," http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2409.txt?number=2409 | +| [RFC 2410] | IETF RFC 2410, "The Null Encryption Algorithm and Its Use with IPsec,"
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2410.txt?number=2410 | +| [RFC 2411] | IETF RFC 2411, "IP Security Document Roadmap,"
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2411.txt?number=2411 | +| [RFC 2412] | IETF RFC 2412, "The OAKLEY Key Determination Protocol,"
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2412.txt?number=2412 | +| [RFC 3602] | IETF RFC 3602, " The AES-CBC Cipher Algorithm and Its Use with IPsec "
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-aes-cbc-04.txt | +| [RFC 2451] | The ESP CBC-Mode Cipher Algorithms
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2451.txt | +| [RFC 2246] | IETF RFC 2236, "The TLS Protocol, Version 1.0"
ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2246.txt | +| [RFC 3546] | IETF RFC 3546, "Transport Layer Security (TLS) Extensions"
ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3546.txt | +| [SSL V3] | Secure Socket Layer Version 3.0 Specification, Netscape Communications.
http://wp.netscape.com/eng/ssl3/ | +| [SSH-ARCH] | Ylonen, T., "SSH Protocol Architecture", I-D draft-ietf-architecture-15.txt, Oct 2003.
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-secsh-architecture-15.txt | +| [SSH-TRANS] | Ylonen, T., "SSH Transport Layer Protocol", I-D draft-ietf-transport-17.txt, Oct 2003.
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-secsh-transport-17.txt | +| [SSH-USERAUTH] | Ylonen, T., "SSH Authentication Protocol", I-D draft-ietf-userauth-18.txt, Sept 2002.
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-secsh-userauth-18.txt | +| [SSH-CONNECT] | Ylonen, T., "SSH Connection Protocol", I-D draft-ietf-connect-18.txt, Oct 2003.
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-secsh-connect-18.txt | +| [FIPS-46-3] | Data Encryption Standard. (Describes both DES and 3DES).
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips46-3/fips46-3.pdf | +| [FIPS-197] | Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), FIPS Publication 197, National Institute of Standards and Technology, November 2001.
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf | +| [FIPS-197] | Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), FIPS Publication 197, National Institute of Standards and Technology, November 2001.
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf | +| [RFC 2437] | PKCS #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.0. B. Kaliski, J. Staddon. October 1998
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2437.txt?number=2437 | + +# --- Annex B (informative): Firewalls for Network Security to Support Itf-N + +A firewall is a fundamental security building block that provides network isolation at boundaries between network segments or between different networks. A firewall performs isolation based on specific traffic filtering rules configured onto the firewall. Firewalls may be used in conjunction with other security mechanisms to provide an additional layer of security for the Itf-N interface. For the Itf-N interface, firewalls may be used to only allow traffic between the IRPManager and IRPAGENT host machines to transit the firewall boundaries. The addition of firewalls at the Itf-N interface helps provide “defence in depth” security whereby multiple security mechanisms are overlaid to achieve stronger security. + +A firewall examines both inbound and outbound traffic, and should be configured to deny all traffic unless specifically allowed by the firewall rules. A firewall may also provide logging of traffic and trigger alarms when unauthorized packets are detected. Firewalls can physically be provided for the Itf-N interface as separate appliances at the IRPManager and IRPAGENT host machines or may be provided as software on the host machines themselves. Types of firewalls include static packet filtering, application layer, and state aware packet filtering firewalls. Any of the firewall types may be used to provide protection for the Itf-N interface, and the choice will depend on particular customer needs and preferences. + +Static packet filtering firewalls examine incoming and outgoing packets and apply a set of rules to determine whether packets will be allowed to transit the firewall or be dropped. This determination is typically based on the packet source and destination IP addresses, the protocol type, and the TCP source and destination ports. Depending on the packet and the criteria, the firewall will drop or forward the packet, and possibly create a log entry and/or raise an alarm. Some static packet filtering firewalls may also provide deeper inspection of packets, possibly up to the application layer. + +Application layer firewalls run applications on behalf of the machines in the network they are protecting, and are often called “proxy” firewalls. When performing the applications, application layer firewalls will detect any anomalous activity and if found will not pass the data onto the machines they are protecting. Application layer firewalls must be enabled with all necessary application and must run these applications on behalf of all protected machines. Because of this, application layer firewalls have a high impact on network performance. + +State aware firewalls perform packet filtering functions similar to static packet filtering firewalls, and in addition maintain information about the state of traffic connections. The state information allows the firewall to make better decisions about whether to allow or deny particular traffic. For example, a state aware firewall may be configured to only allow traffic from machines on one side of the network to initiate communications. This is particularly useful where private networks are connected to public networks since typically only the machines on the private network are trusted to initiate data communications. + +When using firewalls as an additional security mechanism for the Itf-N interface, the firewalls should be configured to allow only communication between the IRPManager and the IRPAGENT host machines. Any other traffic on the network attempting to access the IRPManager or IRPAGENT host machines should be denied. This will isolate the IRPManager to IRPAGENT network communications from other network traffic, thereby providing a layer of protection for these machines. + +Note that providing firewalls may have system engineering and product impacts, and some applications may have to be made firewall aware. Also note that firewalls will not protect against all security attacks such as an attacker spoofing legitimate IRPManager or IRPAGENT packet information. + +# Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Mar 2004 | SA_23 | SP-040126 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#23 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040565 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#25 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Dec 2004 | SA_26 | SP-040805 | 0001 | -- | Correct the Introduction clause – Align with what is actually delivered in Rel-6 on Security Management | D | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) | -- | 6.1.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060531 | 0003 | -- | Update the reference of the security threats in Security Management Context | A | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Mar 2007 | SA_35 | SP-070046 | 0004 | -- | Correct the wrong references | F | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| Jun 2008 | SA_40 | SP-080328 | 0005 | -- | Wrong Release reference | F | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | +| Jul 2008 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Correction of history | -- | 7.3.0 | 7.3.1 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.3.1 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | -- | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32376/1bf34e86af3591c80bfbc1c318f811c0_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32376/1bf34e86af3591c80bfbc1c318f811c0_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..044f8ff0e6bfb557ceca733281e2a14f553cf997 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32376/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,847 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Solution Set definitions..... | 7 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 8 | +| A.1 Architectural features..... | 8 | +| A.1.1 Principles of IRP Security Services ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2 Request Interceptor ..... | 9 | +| A.1.2.1 Client-side Interceptor ..... | 10 | +| A.1.2.2 Server-side Interceptor ..... | 10 | +| A.1.2.3 Request Interceptor Security Attributes ..... | 11 | +| A.1.3 Security Attributes Service Protocol..... | 11 | +| A.1.3.1 Security Attribute Service context element..... | 11 | +| A.1.3.2 CORBA Security Service..... | 12 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 12 | +| A.2.1 RI Solution Mapping..... | 12 | +| A.2.1.1 Security Attribute Mapping ..... | 12 | +| A.2.2 SAS Solution Mapping..... | 13 | +| A.2.2.1 Security Attribute Mapping ..... | 13 | +| A.3 Itf-N Security Service Behaviour..... | 14 | +| A.3.1 Request Interceptor Solution..... | 14 | +| A.3.1.1 Authentication ..... | 14 | +| A.3.1.2 Authorization..... | 14 | +| A.3.1.3 Activity Log..... | 14 | +| A.3.2 Security Attributes Service Solution..... | 15 | +| A.3.2.1 Authentication ..... | 15 | +| A.3.2.2 Authorization..... | 15 | +| A.3.2.3 Activity Log..... | 15 | +| A.4 Solution Set definitions..... | 16 | +| A.4.1 IDL definition structure..... | 16 | +| A.4.2 IDL specification "SecurityServiceConstDefs.idl" ..... | 17 | +| A.4.3 IDL specification file "SecurityServiceSystem.idl" ..... | 18 | +| A.5 Authentication mechanism..... | 19 | +| A.5.1 Basic authentication ..... | 19 | +| A.5.2 Digest authentication..... | 19 | +| A.5.3 Kerberos and SPKM..... | 19 | +| A.5.4 OMG CORBA CSIV2 Conformance Level 0 of Security ..... | 19 | +| A.6 Use of OMG specified security service ..... | 20 | +| A.6.1 General ..... | 20 | +| A.6.2 Authentication ..... | 20 | +| A.6.2.1 Transport Layer based method..... | 20 | +| A.6.2.2 Client Authentication layer based method..... | 21 | +| A.6.3 Authorization and Access Control ..... | 21 | +| A.6.4 (Message) Integrity and Confidentiality Protection ..... | 22 | +| A.6.5 Quotation from OMG CORBA CSIV2 3 Conformance Levels of Security ..... | 22 | +| Annex B (normative): File integrity solution ..... | 25 | + +- B.1 Architectural features..... 25 + - B.1.1 Principles of IRP Security Services ..... 25 + - B.1.2 XML Signature Recommendation ..... 26 +- B.2 Mapping ..... 26 + - B.2.1 File integrity solution Mapping..... 26 + - B.2.1.1 Security Attribute Mapping ..... 26 + - B.2.1.2 Operation Mapping..... 26 +- B.3 Itf-N Security Service Behaviour..... 27 + - B.3.1 File integrity solution ..... 27 +- Annex C (informative): Change history..... 28 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.371: "Security Management concept and requirements". +- 32.372: "Security services for Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- 32.376: "Security services for Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions".** + +In 3GPP SA5 context, IRPs are introduced to address process interfaces at the Itf-N interface. The Itf-N interface is built up by a number of Integration Reference Points (IRPs) and a related Name Convention, which realize the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. IRP consists of IRPManager and IRPAgent. Usually there are three types of transaction between IRPManager and IRPAgent, which are operation invocation, notification, and file transfer. + +However, there are different types of intentional threats against the transaction between IRPManagers and IRPAgents. All the threats are potential risks of damage or degradation of telecommunication services, which operators should take measures to reduce or eliminate to secure the telecommunication service, network, and data. + +The present document is applicable to the Interface IRP specifications. That is to say, it is only concerned with the security aspects of operations/notifications/file deployed across the Itf-N. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in 3GPP TS 32.372 [5] Security Service for IRP Information Service. + +This Solution Set specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.372 [5]. + +Note that within the present document there are several alternate solutions. Specific choices will be made to counter identified security threats, and to consider performance and cost criteria, i.e. an implementation is not expected to have to support every option for every deployment. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.301: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.371 "Telecommunication management; Security Management concept and requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.372: "Telecommunication management; Security services Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.311: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Requirements". +- [7] OMG CORBA Specification 02-12-06 +- [8] OMG CORBA Security Service Specification 02-03-11 +[http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/corbaservices\\_spec\\_catalog.htm](http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/corbaservices_spec_catalog.htm) +- [9] SECP Security Service Protocol +[http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/formal/omg\\_security.htm#SECP](http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/formal/omg_security.htm#SECP) +- [10] XML-Signature Syntax and Processing + + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.301 [3] and the following apply: + +**IRP document version number string (or "IRPVersion")**: See 3GPP TS 32.311 [6]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------------| +| CA | Certificate Authority | +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture (OMG) | +| CSS | Client Security Service | +| EM | Element Manager | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language (OMG) | +| IOR | Interoperable Object Reference | +| IS | Information Service | +| NC | Notification Channel (OMG) | +| NE | Network Element | +| NV | Name and Value pair | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| ORB | Object Request Broker (OMG) | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RI | Request Interceptor | +| SAS | Security Attributes Service (OMG) | +| SECP | Security Protocol | +| SS | Solution Set | +| TII | Time-Independent Invocation | +| TSS | Target Security Service | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language (OMG) | + +# --- 4 Solution Set definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP Security Services for IRP Solution Set Definitions: + +- 3GPP Security Services for IRP CORBA SS (Annex A) +- 3GPP Security Services for IRP File integrity solution (Annex B) + +# Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for Security Services whose semantics is specified in Security Services for IRP: Information Service (TS 32.372 [5]). + +## A.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of Security Services is specified in 3GPP TS 32.372 [5]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the CORBA Solution. + +### A.1.1 Principles of IRP Security Services + +As shown in figure A.1, the Security Services are between IRP Application layer and Transport layer. Security Attributes which are attached to network management information are transferred between IRPManager and IRPAgent to address Authentication, Authorization, Activity Log and file integrity requirements. + +![Diagram illustrating the Principles of IRP Security Services. It shows two vertical stacks representing the protocol layers for IRPManager and IRPAgent. Each stack has three layers: IRPManager/IRPApplication at the top, Security Services in the middle, and Transport layer at the bottom. A large double-headed arrow labeled 'network management information attached Security Attributes' points between the Security Services boxes of both stacks, indicating bidirectional communication.](731f533b0599c8e42a063f06e4332045_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph IRPManager + direction TB + IRPManager_Application[IRPManager Application] --- Security_Services_M[Security Services] --- Transport_M[Transport layer] + end + subgraph IRPAgent + direction TB + IRPAgent_Application[IRPAgent Application] --- Security_Services_A[Security Services] --- Transport_A[Transport layer] + end + Security_Services_M <--> |"network management information +attached Security Attributes"| Security_Services_A + +``` + +Diagram illustrating the Principles of IRP Security Services. It shows two vertical stacks representing the protocol layers for IRPManager and IRPAgent. Each stack has three layers: IRPManager/IRPApplication at the top, Security Services in the middle, and Transport layer at the bottom. A large double-headed arrow labeled 'network management information attached Security Attributes' points between the Security Services boxes of both stacks, indicating bidirectional communication. + +**Figure A.1: Principles of IRP Security Services** + +The basic idea of these Security Services is as follows: + +Security Services on IRPManager side and Security Services on IRPAgent side cooperate to secure the Itf-N. + +When IRPManager and IRPAgent exchange network management information in a secured manner, the sender Security Service attaches Security Attributes to the network management information. The receiver analyses the received Security Attributes to determine if the received network management information is authentic and authorized. + +The present document specifies two alternative CORBA solutions for attaching Security Attributes over Itf-N. They use different CORBA mechanisms to transfer the Security Attributes. One uses The CORBA Request Interceptor while the other uses the CORBA Security Attributes Service (SAS) protocol. Both solutions need to define their respective Security Attributes. + +The Security Attributes used by the Interceptor mechanism and the mechanism itself are defined by the present document. + +The ones used by the CORBA SAS protocol are defined in CORBA SAS [7]. + +In addition to the above two alternate mechanisms, the present document also specify a third alternative called Virtual Private Network (VPN) to secure the network management information exchanged between IRPManager and IRPAgent. + +Such mechanism is defined in annex A of 3GPP TS 32.371 [4]. + +Table A.1 identifies the use of the three alternatives to realize the Security Service such as Authentication Security Service, Authorization Security Service, Activity Log Security Service and File Integrity Security Service. + +**Table A.1: Alternate solutions and Security Service relationship** + +| | Authentication Security Service | Authorization Security Service | Activity Log Security Service | File Integrity Security Service | +|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| Request Interceptor solution | X | X | X | | +| SAS solution | X | X | X | | +| VPN | X | X | X | X | +| NOTE: | "X" means that "The Security Service identified by the column name is realised by the use of Security Attributes in the solution identified by the row name. | | | | + +IRPManager and IRP Agent should decide to use one of the two alternative solutions to provide Authentication, Authorization and Activity Log Security Service at configuration/deployment time, and it is not changeable at run time. + +IRP Manager and IRP Agents should both support VPN. + +In case CORBA-based security services are used to provide Authentication, Authorization and Activity Log Security Service, IRP Managers shall support SAS Solution and Request Interceptor Solution, while IRP Agents may support either SAS Solution or Request Interceptor Solution (it shall be noted that usage is determined at configuration/deployment time, and it is not changeable at run time). + +### A.1.2 Request Interceptor + +This clause introduces concept of Request Interceptor, definitions and details are addressed in clause 21.3 of OMG CORBA Specification [7]. This CORBA mechanism can be used to transfer Credential over Itf-N. + +Request Interceptor (RI) is designed to intercept the flow of a request/reply sequence through the ORB at specific points so that services can query the request information and manipulate the service contexts that are propagated between clients and servers. + +In Itf-N scenario, the service context includes Credential as Security Attributes to be exchanged between IRPManager side Security Service and IRP Agent side Security Service to address Authentication, Authorization, and Activity Log requirements. There are two types of Request Interceptors: Client-side and Server-side Interceptor. Both Client-side and Server-side request Interceptors are registered with an ORB (see section 21.7, "Registering Interceptors" in [7]). Each request Interceptor is called at a number of interception points. + +As shown in figure A.2, Client-side Request Interceptor is between Client Application layer and CORBA ORB layer; it comprises 5 kinds of Interception Points described in clause A.1.2.1. Server-side Request Interceptor is between Server Application layer and CORBA ORB layer; it comprises 5 kinds of Interception Points described in clause A.1.2.2. Information related to request and corresponding result exchanged between Client and Server can be intercepted at these Interception points by Client-side Request Interceptor and/or Server-side Request Interceptor. + +![Diagram illustrating the interception points of Request Interceptors in a CORBA architecture. The diagram shows a central 'CORBA ORB' box. To its left is a 'Client-side Request Interceptor or' box containing five numbered interception points (1-5). To its right is a 'Server-side Request Interceptor or' box also containing five numbered interception points (1-5). On the far left is an oval labeled 'IRPManager (Application)' with a double-headed arrow pointing to the client-side interceptor. On the far right is an oval labeled 'IRPAgent (Application)' with a double-headed arrow pointing from the server-side interceptor. The entire central section is enclosed in a blue border labeled 'CORBA' at the top.](daa4a6fa7e2ba1954258f86b4928eb32_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the interception points of Request Interceptors in a CORBA architecture. The diagram shows a central 'CORBA ORB' box. To its left is a 'Client-side Request Interceptor or' box containing five numbered interception points (1-5). To its right is a 'Server-side Request Interceptor or' box also containing five numbered interception points (1-5). On the far left is an oval labeled 'IRPManager (Application)' with a double-headed arrow pointing to the client-side interceptor. On the far right is an oval labeled 'IRPAgent (Application)' with a double-headed arrow pointing from the server-side interceptor. The entire central section is enclosed in a blue border labeled 'CORBA' at the top. + +**Figure A.2: Interception points of Request Interceptor** + +#### A.1.2.1 Client-side Interceptor + +After Client-side Interceptor is registered with ORB, Client-side Interceptor can be called at the following 5 Interception Points. + +1. `send_request` Interception point: + - When request is sent to the server, this interception point can be invoked by ORB to query request information and modify the service context. +2. `send_poll` Interception point: + - This interception point allows an Interceptor to query information during a Time-Independent Invocation (TII) polling get reply sequence. +3. `receive_reply` Interception point: + - When a reply is returned from the server and before control is returned to the client, this interception point can be invoked by ORB to query the information on the reply. +4. `receive_exception` Interception point: + - When an exception occurs and before control is returned to the client, this interception point can be called by ORB to query the exception's information before it is raised to the client. +5. `receive_other` Interception point: + - This interception point allows an Interceptor to query the information available when a request results in something other than a normal reply or an exception. + +#### A.1.2.2 Server-side Interceptor + +After Server-side Interceptor is registered with ORB, Server-side Interceptor can be called at the following 5 Interception Points. + +1. `receive_request_service_contexts` Interception point: + - After all the information regarding the request are available and before the request has been invoked by the server, this interception point can be invoked by ORB to query request information. +2. `receive_request` Interception point: + - After the target operation has been invoked and before the reply is returned to the client, this interception point can be invoked by ORB to query reply information and modify the reply service context. +3. `send_reply` Interception point: + - After the target operation has been invoked and before the reply is returned to the client, this interception point can be invoked by ORB to query reply information and modify the reply service context. +4. `send_exception` Interception point: + - When an exception occurs, this interception point can be called by ORB. +5. `send_other` Interception point: + - This interception point allows an Interceptor to query the information available when a request results in something other than a normal reply or an exception. + +#### A.1.2.3 Request Interceptor Security Attributes + +`ServiceContext` is defined in CORBA specification [7], it is composed of `context_id` and `context_data`. + +`Credential` which is contained in `SecurityContext` as context data is used for `IRPAgent` to extract authentication token and authorization token. + +### A.1.3 Security Attributes Service Protocol + +This clause introduces concept of Security Attributes Service Protocol, definitions and details are addressed in clause 24.3 of OMG CORBA Specification [6]. This CORBA mechanism can be used to transfer `Credential` over `Itf-N`. + +The SAS protocol is designed to exchange its protocol elements in the service context of General Inter-ORB Protocol (GIOP) request and reply messages that are communicated over a connection-based transport. The protocol is intended to be used in environments where transport layer security exists. + +Two security interceptors are used by ORB to exchange Security Attribute, but neither is available on application layer: + +1. Secure Invocation Interceptor. This is a message-level interceptor, which is able to check and protect messages (requests and replies) for both integrity and confidentiality. +2. Access Control Interceptor. This is a request-level interceptor, which determines whether an invocation should be permitted. + +The protocol provides client authentication, delegation, and privilege functionality that may be applied to overcome corresponding deficiencies in an underlying transport. + +The SAS protocol is divided into two layers: + +1. The authentication layer is used to perform client authentication where sufficient authentication could not be accomplished in the transport. +2. The attribute layer may be used by a client to push (that is, deliver) security attributes (identity and privilege) to a target where they may be applied in access control decisions. + +#### A.1.3.1 Security Attribute Service context element + +The Security Attribute Service (SAS) context element is used to associate security related service contexts with GIOP request and reply messages. + +Four message types comprise the security attribute service context management protocol. Each security attribute service context element contains a context id and a message data that carries one of the following message body types: + +1. EstablishContext: Sent by a Client Security Service (CSS) to establish a security attribute service context. +2. ContextError: Sent by a Target Security Service (TSS) to indicate errors that were encountered in context creation, in the message protocol, or in use of a context. +3. CompleteEstablishContext: Sent by a Target Security Service (TSS) to indicate the outcome of a successful request to establish a security attribute service context. +4. MessageInContext: Sent by a Client Security Service (CSS) to associate request messages with an existing stateful security attribute service context. This message may also be used to indicate that the context should be discarded after processing the request. Stateful contexts, also known as reusable contexts, endure until they are discarded, and can be referenced for use with subsequent requests. + +#### A.1.3.2 CORBA Security Service + +Note that the OMG security service [8] has a status indicating it is being replaced by a security protocol (SECP) specification.. SECP is a work in progress. + +Should an operator and vendor agree to deploy the OMG security service they should be aware of the following cautions. + +- The status of the OMG security service indicates that changes are deemed necessary due to the development of a replacement specification in SECP [9]. +- The OMG security service is known to require more processing power. This may impact the processing platform and memory requirements, leading to higher cost solutions. + +IRPManager and IRPAgent access Security Attributes via CORBA Security Service. + +Editor Note: OMG is defining a new OMG CORBA Security Service to replace [8]. + +IRPManager side CORBA Security Service authenticates IRPManager explicitly or implicitly, and returns a credential as a warrant to the IRPManager. Since then, when the authenticated IRPManager sends a request to a IRPAgent, IRPManager side CORBA Security Service will transfer the IRPManager's credential to the target IRPAgent. The target IRPAgent side CORBA Security Service validates the transferred Credential to accomplish IRPManager authentication. Similarly, IRPManager side CORBA Security Service may authenticate IRPAgent if required. + +CORBA Security Service provides authentication service on transport layer and maybe also on application layer. + +## A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 RI Solution Mapping + +RI Solution can be alternatively used to provide Authentication, Authorization and Activity Log Security Service for Itf-N. + +#### A.2.1.1 Security Attribute Mapping + +In Request Interceptor Solution scenario, Security Attributes are attached to operation request transferred between IRPManager and IRPAgent within CORBA ORB layer. + +**Table A.2: Mapping from IS Security Attribute to RI Solution Equivalents** + +| IS IOC in 3GPP TS 32.372 [5] | RI Solution IOC | Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------|-----------| +| Credential | interface Credential (see note) | M | +| NOTE: interface Credential contains auth_data of CORBA Any type, detailed content is authentication mechanism specific. A list of authentication mechanisms are recommended in A.5. | | | + +**Table A.3: Mapping from IS Security Exception to RI Solution Equivalents** + +| IS IOC in 3GPP TS 32.372 [5] | RI Solution IOC | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| There is no corresponding IS parameter | exception AuthenticationException (see note 1) | M | +| There is no corresponding IS parameter | exception AuthorizationException (see note 2) | M | +| NOTE 1: See details in clause A.3.1.1. | | | +| NOTE 2: See details in clause A.3.1.2. | | | + +### A.2.2 SAS Solution Mapping + +SAS Solution can be alternatively used to provide Authentication, Authorization and Activity Log Security Service for Itf-N. + +#### A.2.2.1 Security Attribute Mapping + +In Security Attribute Service protocol Solution scenario, Security Attributes are attached to operation request transferred between IRPManager and IRPAgent within CORBA ORB layer. + +**Table A.4: Mapping from IS Security Attribute to SAS Solution Equivalents** + +| IS IOC in 3GPP TS 32.372 [5] | SAS Solution IOC | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|-----------| +| Credential | SAS ServiceContext (see note) | M | +| NOTE: SAS Service Context are defined in clause 24.3 of OMG CORBA Specification [6]. | | | + +## --- A.3 Itf-N Security Service Behaviour + +This clause describes some behaviours of IRPManager and IRPAgent not captured by IDL in RI Solution and SAS Solution respectively. IRPManager and IRPAgent should apply RI Solution or SAS Solution to provide Authentication, Authorization and Activity Log Security Service. + +### A.3.1 Request Interceptor Solution + +At configuration/deployment time, Request Interceptor on IRPManager and IRPAgent side should be configured to run respectively before IRPManager and IRPAgent start to run. + +#### A.3.1.1 Authentication + +This clause addresses how to use Request Interceptor to provide IRPManager Authentication and IRPAgent Authentication as well if required. + +When IRPManager sends request to IRPAgent, Client-side Request Interceptor request credential from local Security Service, then inserts it into service context and attaches the service context to the request; when IRPAgent receives the request, Server-side Request Interceptor extracts the service contexts attached to the request and performs authentication method to check the validity of the credential inserted. If the check succeeds, Server-side Request Interceptor performs authorization for the request and works with the request as normal after successful authorization, otherwise an authenticationException is raised and sent to IRPManager by Server-side Request Interceptor. + +When IRPAgent has processed the request from IRPManager and is going to sends result, Server-side Request Interceptor may insert IRPAgent's credential into a service context and attach the service context to the result; when IRPManager receives the result, Client-side Request Interceptor may extract the service contexts including the IRPAgent's credential and check its validity. If the check succeeds, IRPManager works with the result as normal, otherwise an authenticationException is raised and sent to IRPManager by Client-side Request Interceptor. + +Implementation may or may not support IRPAgent authentication; if implementation supports IRPAgent authentication, it shall be configured at configuration/ deployment time; this configuration is not changeable at running time. + +How IRPManager side local authentication mechanism and IRPAgent side local authentication mechanism cooperate to complete authentication is not standardized in this release. + +#### A.3.1.2 Authorization + +This clause addresses how to resolve Authorization requirement by using Request Interceptor. + +IRPAgent is able to extract accessor Identifier from the credential attached to the request. + +Each time IRPAgent receives request, Server-side Request Interceptor extracts accessor identifier from the credential attached to the request. + +Server-side Request Interceptor is also able to retrieve request related information. + +Server-side Request Interceptor then checks the accessor identifier, request related information against Access Control Policy predefined in IRPAgent to decide to accept the request or not. If the check succeeds, IRPAgent works with the request as normal, otherwise an authorizationException is raised and sent to IRPManager by Server-side Request Interceptor. + +#### A.3.1.3 Activity Log + +This clause addresses how to log activity of IRPAgent by means of Request Interceptor. + +Server-side Request Interceptor logs activity of IRPAgent in the following way: + +1. After receiving operation request, Server-side Request Interceptor logs the received operation request and corresponding parameters, sender identifier, and timestamp. +2. After finishing IRPManager Authentication, Server-side Request Interceptor logs authentication result. +3. After finishing Authorization, Server-side Request Interceptor logs authorization result. + +4. After sending operation result, Server-side Request Interceptor logs operation result, i.e. normal reply or system/user exception. + +### A.3.2 Security Attributes Service Solution + +This clause addresses how to provide IRPManager Authentication, IRPAgent Authentication, Authorization, and Activity Log Security Service by using Security Attributes Service. + +At configuration/deployment time, IRPManager and IRPAgent should be configured to run over CORBA Security Service providing authentication service, authorization service and security audit service. + +#### A.3.2.1 Authentication + +IRPManager invokes operation `authenticate` (defined in CORBA Security Service specification [8]) to get a credential as a warrant. + +Optionally, IRPManager may continue to invoke operation `continue_authentication` (defined in CORBA Security Service specification [8]) to carry out mutual authentication. + +#### A.3.2.2 Authorization + +When operation request reaches IRPAgent, IRPAgent side CORBA Security Service extracts accessor identifier from the credential attached to the request and invokes operation `access_allowed` (defined in CORBA Security Service specification [8]) to accomplish authorization due to the accessor identifier and predefined Access Control policy. + +#### A.3.2.3 Activity Log + +CORBA Security Service provides Security Audit Service. IRPAgent invokes operation `audit_needed` (defined in CORBA Security Service specification [8]) to decide which security activity/event to be logged; corresponding activity/event are logged by CORBA Security Service automatically when happens. OMG CORBA Security Service [8] defines the following activities/events that can be logged: + +- AuditAll +- AuditPrincipalAuth +- AuditSessionAuth +- AuditAuthorization +- AuditInvocation +- AuditSecEnvChange +- AuditPolicyChange +- AuditObjectCreation +- AuditObjectDestruction +- AuditNonRepudiation + +## --- A.4 Solution Set definitions + +### A.4.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.4.2 defines the types which are used by the Security Service for IRP. + +Clause A.4.3 defines the capabilities of Security Service for IRP. + +NOTE: All the IDL files below are only applicable to RI Solution. SAS Solution related IDL definition is defined in CORBA Security Service specification [8]. + +### A.4.2 IDL specification "SecurityServiceConstDefs.idl" + +``` +//File: SecurityServiceConstDefs.idl + +#ifndef _SECURITYSERVICECONSTDEFS_IDL_ +#define _SECURITYSERVICECONSTDEFS_IDL_ + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/** ## Module: SecurityServiceConstDefs +This module contains definitions specific for Security Service Request Interceptor Solution. +===== +*/ +module SecurityServiceConstDefs +{ + + typedef Any Auth_Data; + /* + Define the credential in Request Interceptor Solution specified in + the Security Service: IS. + */ + interface Credential + { + attribute Auth_Data authenticationData; + }; + +}; + +#endif // _SECURITYSERVICECONSTDEFS_IDL_ +``` + +### A.4.3 IDL specification file "SecurityServiceSystem.idl" + +``` +//File: SecurityServiceSystem.idl + +#ifndef _SECURITYSYSTEMSYSTEM_idl_ +#define _SECURITYSYSTEMSYSTEM_idl_ + +#include "SecurityServiceConstDefs.idl" + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/* ## Module: SecurityServiceSystem +This module implements capabilities of IRP Security Service. +===== +*/ +module SecurityServiceSystem +{ + /* + System fails to complete the operation. System can provide reason + to qualify the exception. The semantics carried in reason + is outside the scope of this IRP. + */ + exception AuthenticationException { string reason; }; + exception AuthorizationException { string reason; }; +}; + +#endif // _SECURITYSYSTEMSYSTEM_idl_ +``` + +## --- A.5 Authentication mechanism + +In this release, IRP Security Service credential is not specified at syntax level. This annex recommends the following Industrial Authentication services that IRP Security Service can adopt. They are of different kinds of Credentials, security strength, performance cost, and implementation cost. + +### A.5.1 Basic authentication + +Client sends credential comprising username and password encoded in base64 to server, server check the validity of the credential to complete authentication. + +E.g. HTTP v1.0 employs basic authentication service. + +### A.5.2 Digest authentication + +Digest authentication offers the same features as basic authentication but involves a different way of transmitting the authentication credential. The authentication credential passes through MD5 hashing process per [RFC-1321]. The result is not feasible to decrypt it. + +Additional information is added to the password before hashing so that the password hash can not be captured and reused to impersonate the true user. + +E.g. HTTP v1.1 employs digest authentication service. + +### A.5.3 Kerberos and SPKM + +Generic Security Service Application Program Interface (GSS-API) defines an interface to strong authentication and other security services at a generic level which is independent of particular underlying mechanisms, e.g. Kerberos per RFC 1964, and SPKM per RFC 2025. + +A GSS-API caller accepts tokens provided by its local GSS-API implementation and transfers the tokens to a peer on a remote system; that peer passes the received tokens to its local GSS-API implementation for processing. + +### A.5.4 OMG CORBA CSIV2 Conformance Level 0 of Security + +Refer to clause A.6.5. + +## A.6 Use of OMG specified security service + +### A.6.1 General + +This annex specifies the use of OMG specified security service to secure the IRP. The use of this service is optional in the understanding that a) all 3GPP specified security service are qualified as optional and b) the choice of service depends on the operating context such as, the cost, the risk of security violation, the cost of recovery, etc. + +### A.6.2 Authentication + +The Secured Interface IRP shall be in conformance to OMG CSIV2 conformance Level 0. See clause A.6.5. + +We recommend 3GPP to standardize two methods: the Transport Layer based method (A.6.2.1) and the Supplemental Client Authentication Layer based method (A.6.2.2). 3GPP should qualify each of them, in terms of support, in the following sense: + +- To support IRPManager authentication, a Secured Interface IRP instance shall support method 1 (A.6.2.1) or method 2 (A.6.2.2). +- To support IRPAgent-to-IRPManager and IRPManager authentication (mutual authentication), a Secured Interface IRP instance shall support method 1. +- The Secured Interface IRPs from a particular vendor supporting an Itf-N instance shall all have the same supported authentication method(s). + +EXAMPLE: A vendor providing a secured IRPAgent including BulkCMIRP, NotificationIRP and AlarmIRP, shall implement the same set of authentication methods in the three IRPs involved. + +#### A.6.2.1 Transport Layer based method + +The IRPManager authentication and IRPAgent-to-IRPManager authentication shall be supported by this method. This method operates at the Transport Layer as shown in the following diagram (extracted, with modification specific for IRP context, from section 24.1.1 of [8]). + +In this mode, the supporting ORB and its related Transport Layer will implement the authentication method and provide the authentication security service to the IRPManager and IRPAgent applications. + +![](1bf34e86af3591c80bfbc1c318f811c0_img.jpg) + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------| +| Identity Assertion | Security Attribute Layer | +| IRPManager Authentication | Supplemental Client Authentication Layer | +| Message Protection,
IRPAgent-to-IRPManager
Authentication,
IRPManager | Transport Layer (SSLIOI) | + +**Figure A.3: Protocol stack supporting CORBA secured IRP** + +Authentication should be accomplished by using the subject (e.g. IRPManager) identity inside a X.509 digital certificate provided to the object (e.g. the secured IRPAgent application) and vice versa. + +The IRPManager must first obtain a credential (container for security attributes) containing the subject access identity only (see note 1) for use during future CORBA session in a secured IRP environment. How IRPManager can obtain a credential is outside the 3GPP standard scope. + +The IRPAgent application can obtain the IRPManager's credential at runtime by making appropriate authenticate call (non-3GPP standardized) to its local ORB interface. + +Likewise, the IRP Agent application must also obtain a credential for use during future CORBA session. How IRP Agent can obtain its credential is outside the 3GPP standard scope. + +The IRP Manager application can obtain the IRP Agent's credential at runtime by making appropriate authenticate call (non-3GPP standardized) to its local ORB interface. + +To allow the IRP Manager to authenticate received notifications, our preference is to use the following scheme. + +- The Notification IRP Agent should need another key pair (different key than one used for authentication mentioned above) for signing the notifications. +- Notification IRP Manager at notification subscription time can ask for secured (i.e. notification carries IRP Agent's signature) or non-secured notifications (i.e. notification does not carry digital signature). +- We would prefer the Notification IRP Agent to include its digital signature in the notifications, rather than to rely on SSL to provide authentication for notifications. This preference is to avoid the 3 or 4 protocol exchanges required at the SSL to achieve authentication for each notification sent. This preference also allows the IRP Manager, if it considers the received notification is of no significance from security viewpoint, needs not spend its CPU cycles to authenticate the incoming signature. + +NOTE 1: In general, credential can contain, in addition to access identity, the privilege attributes such as security role name. Our recommendation is not to use privilege attributes in credential because we propose the use of the widely supported CSIV2 conformance level 0. Unfortunately, privilege attributes are only supported in CSIV2 conformance level 1. + +NOTE 2: The SSL v3.0/TLS 1.0 protocol specified by CSIV2 conformance level 0 provide strong authentication X.509 certificate based public key technology. This certificate-based authentication method operates at the transport (SSL IOP) layer and not at the higher levels of the CSIV2 stack. The PKI infrastructure and support needed for distribution of public/private keys are limited given the small amount of participating IRP Managers and IRP Agents. One simple way to distribute keys is to store them in file, place them on disk and physically and securely shipped them to appropriate administrators for installing in their systems. Third party authorities or the operator's own Certificate Authority (CA) can be used to certify the keys being distributed. + +#### A.6.2.2 Client Authentication layer based method + +To supplement IRP Manager authentication offered by the Transport Layer, we recommend 3GPP to also standardize the use of the Client Authentication Tokens and Identity Tokens as defined in the CSIV2 (i.e. the so-called General Security Services Username Password (GSSUP)-based authentication method). These mechanisms operate at the Supplemental Client Authentication Layer and the Security Attribute Layer (see Figure A.3) There is no need to standardize the use of Authorization Tokens (which also operates at the Security Attribute Layer). + +- The Client Authentication Token, if used by IRP Manager, is the client authentication token used by the username password (GSSUP) mechanism for client authentication. For 3GPP standard, all secured IRP Agent, supporting IRP Manager authentication, shall support this method. IRP Manager can choose to use or not to use it. +- The Identity Token, if present, is an identity token used by the IRP Agent's identity assertion functionality. It identifies the client of the request. For 3GPP standard, secured IRP Agent, may choose to use it or ignore it. + +In this mode, similar to the other mode of 2.1, the supporting ORB and its related Transport Layer will implement the authentication method and provide the authentication security service to the IRP Manager applications. + +### A.6.3 Authorization and Access Control + +Access control means restricting IRP Manager's usage of methods and access to managed resources. In the context of IRP security, we envision various schemes of granularity for access control: + +1. Scheme-1: Is this IRP Manager allowed to use all methods of this particular xxx IRP and access to all managed resources known by the IRP Agent? +2. Scheme-2: Is this IRP Manager allowed to use this method of this particular xxx IRP? If yes, is this IRP Manager allowed to access this managed resource? + +We recommend that 3GPP to standardize the Scheme-1 access control. Because the number of xxx IRP instances is small and their lifecycles are long (e.g. in years), we propose that there is no need to standardize a mechanism to name these resources. Vendor supplying an instance of the secured xxx IRP shall document the naming/identification of these resources (i.e. instances of xxx IRPs) and provide a secured vendor-specific mechanism for the management of the authorizations that the IRP Agent shall use for access control purposes. + +We also recommend that vendor, supplying an instance of the secured xxx IRP, should provide access control to resources at granularity Scheme-2 above. In such case, the vendor shall be required to identify the resources (i.e. methods, managed resources) that can be subject to access control. The vendor shall also be required to describe the semantics of its IRP Agent access control mechanism together with a secured vendor-specific mechanism for the management of the authorizations that the IRP Agent shall use for access control purposes. + +We do not recommend 3GPP to standardize the use of Authorization Tokens as a mean to distribute security attributes such as role. As a consequence, conformance to OMG CSIV2 conformance Level 1 is not a requirement for implementations for complying to the 3GPP Secured Interface IRP. From the 3GPP viewpoint, the way an IRP Agent obtains the required security attribute information about an IRP Manager is vendor specific. + +### A.6.4 (Message) Integrity and Confidentiality Protection + +Data integrity is provided by the use of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL version 3.0) protocol on links between IRP Manager and IRP Agent. + +There is no confidentiality requirement stated so far. Therefore, solution for confidentiality is not discussed. (Note that CSIV2 conformance Level 0 provides confidentiality.) + +Message integrity (and confidentiality) could also be provided by VPN links between IRP Manager and IRP Agent. + +### A.6.5 Quotation from OMG CORBA CSIV2 3 Conformance Levels of Security + +This part is quoted from section 24.6 "Conformance Levels" of [8]. + +" + +### 24.6.1 Conformance Level 0 + +Level 0 defines the base level of secure interoperability that all implementations are required to support. Level 0 requires support for SSL/TLS protected connections. + +Level 0 implementations are also required to support username/password client authentication and identity assertion by using the service context protocol defined in this specification. + +#### 24.6.1.1 Transport-Layer Requirements + +Implementations shall support the Security Attribute Service (SAS) protocol within the service context lists of GIOP request and reply messages exchanged over SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 protected connections. + +Implementations shall also support the SAS protocol within the service context lists of GIOP request and reply messages over unprotected transports defined within IIOP. (SAS protocol elements should only be sent over unprotected transports within trusted environments.) + +##### Required Ciphersuites + +Conforming implementations are required to support both SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 and the mandatory TLS 1.0 ciphersuites identified in [IETF RFC 2246]. Conforming implementations are also required to support the SSL 3.0 ciphersuites corresponding to the mandatory TLS 1.0 ciphersuites. An additional set of recommended ciphersuites is identified in Section 24.4.2.1, "Recommended SSL/TLS Ciphersuites," on page 24-31. + +#### 24.6.1.2 Service Context Protocol Requirements + +All implementations shall support the Security Attribute Service (SAS) context element protocol in the manner described in the following sections. + +##### Stateless Mode + +All implementations shall support the stateless CSS and stateless TSS modes of operation as defined in Section 24.3.2, "Session Semantics," on page 24-21, and in the protocol message definitions appearing in Section 24.2.2, "SAS context\_data Message Body Types," on page 24-5. + +##### Client Authentication Tokens and Mechanisms + +All implementations shall support the username password (GSSUP) mechanism for client authentication as defined in Section 24.2.4.1, "Username Password GSS Mechanism (GSSUP)," on page 24-12. + +##### Identity Tokens and Identity Assertion + +All implementations shall support the identity assertion functionality defined in Section 24.3.1.1, "Context Validation," on page 24-17 and the identity token formats and functionality defined in Section 24.2.5, "Identity Token Format," on page 24-14. + +All implementations shall support GSSUP mechanism specific identity tokens of type **ITTPrincipalName**. + +##### Authorization Tokens (not required) + +At this level of conformance, implementations are not required to be capable of including an authorization token in the SAS protocol elements they send or of interpreting such tokens if they are included in received SAS protocol elements. + +The format of authorization tokens is defined in Section 24.2.3, "Authorization Token + +Format," on page 24-10. + +#### 24.6.1.3 Interoperable Object References (IORs) + +The security mechanism configuration of CSIV2 target objects, shall be as defined in Section 24.5.1, "Target Security Configuration," on page 24-32, with the exception that Level 0 implementations are not required to support the **DelegationByClient** functionality described in Section 24.5.1.1, "AssociationOptions Type," on page 24-33. + +### 24.6.2 Conformance Level 1 + +Level 1 adds the following additional requirements to those of Level 0. + +#### 24.6.2.1 Authorization Tokens + +Level 1 implementations shall support the push model for privilege attributes. Level 1 requires that a CSS provide clients with an ability to include an authorization token, as defined in Section 24.2.3, "Authorization Token Format," on page 24-10, in SAS EstablishContext protocol messages. + +Level 1 requires that a TSS be capable of evaluating its support for a received authorization token according to the rules defined in Section 24.2.3.1, "Extensions of the IETF AC Profile for CSIV2," on page 24-11. A Level 1 TSS shall recognize the standard attributes and extensions defined in the attribute certificate profile defined in [IETF ID PKIXAC]. + +Level 1 requires that a target object that supports pushed privilege attributes include in its IORs the names of the privilege authorities trusted by the target object (as defined in "struct SAS\_ContextSec" on page 24-40). + +### 24.6.3 Conformance Level 2 + +Level 2 adds to Level 1 the following additional requirements. + +#### 24.6.3.1 Authorization-Token-Based Delegation + +Level 2 adds to Level 1 a requirement that implementations support the authorizationtoken-based delegation mechanism implemented by the SAS protocol. A Level 2 TSS shall be capable of evaluating proxy rules arriving in an authorization token to determine whether an asserting entity has been endorsed (by the authority which vouched for the privilege attributes in the authorization token) to assert the identity to which the privilege attributes pertain. The semantics of the relationship between the identity token and authorization token shall be as defined in Section 24.3.1.1, "Context Validation," on page 24-17. + +A Level 2 TSS shall recognize the Section 24.2.3.1, "Extensions of the IETF AC Profile for CSIV2," on page 24-11" (that is, the Proxy Info extension) as defined on that page. + +Level 2 requires that a target object that accepts identity assertions based on endorsements in authorization tokens represent this support in its IORs as defined in Table 24-17 on page 24-42. + +Level 2 requires that a target object that requires an endorsement to act as proxy for its callers represent this requirement in its IORs as defined in Table 24-17 on page 24-42. + +### 24.6.4 Stateful Conformance + +Implementations are differentiated not only by the conformance levels described in the preceding sections but also by whether or not they support stateful security contexts. + +For an implementation to claim stateful conformance, it shall implement the stateless and stateful functionality as defined in Section 24.3.2, "Session Semantics," on page 24-21 and in Section 24.2.2, "SAS context\_data Message Body Types," on page 24-5. + +" + +# Annex B (normative): File integrity solution + +This annex contains the File integrity solution of Security Service as it applies to Itf-N, in accordance with Security Services for IRP: Information Service (TS 32.372 [5]). + +## B.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of Security Service is specified in 3GPP TS 32.372 [5]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the File integrity solution. + +### B.1.1 Principles of IRP Security Services + +Figure B.1 shows that Security Services are between IRP Application layer and Transport layer. Security Attributes which are attached to network management information are transferred between IRPManager and IRPAgent to address Authentication, Authorization, Activity Log and file integrity requirements. + +![Diagram illustrating the principles of IRP Security Service. It shows two stacks representing IRPManager and IRPAgent. Each stack has three layers: IRPManager/Agent Application, Security Services, and Transport layer. A central double-headed arrow labeled 'network management information attached Security Attributes' connects the Security Services of both stacks.](ea4fd10a9a501c602f2bea0f7f711877_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph IRPManager + direction TB + IRPManagerApp[IRPManager Application] --- SS1[Security Services] --- TL1[Transport layer] + end + subgraph IRPAgent + direction TB + IRPAgentApp[IRPAgent Application] --- SS2[Security Services] --- TL2[Transport layer] + end + SS1 <--> |"network management information +attached Security Attributes"| SS2 + +``` + +Diagram illustrating the principles of IRP Security Service. It shows two stacks representing IRPManager and IRPAgent. Each stack has three layers: IRPManager/Agent Application, Security Services, and Transport layer. A central double-headed arrow labeled 'network management information attached Security Attributes' connects the Security Services of both stacks. + +Figure B.1 : Principles of IRP Security Service + +The basic idea of these Security Services is as follows: + +- IRP Security Services on IRPManager side and IRP Security Services on IRPAgent side co-operate to provide Security Services for IRP. +This avoids modifying IRPManager and IRPAgent much. +- When the IRPManager and/or IRPAgent send network management information to each other, the IRP Security Service (on IRPManager and/or IRPAgent side) attaches Security Attributes to the network management information. The receiver works with the attached Security Attributes to implement the IRP security requirement. + +The present document addresses File integrity solution by using the XML Signature Mechanism defined by [10]. + +Table B.1 identifies the use of File Integrity solution to realize File Integrity Security Service. + +Table B.1 : File Integrity solution and Security Service relationship + +| | Authentication Security Service | Authorization Security Service | Activity Log Security Service | File Integrity Security Service | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| File Integrity solution | | | | X | +| NOTE: "X" indicates which CORBA solution exchanges Security Attributes are relevant to which Security Service. | | | | | + +### B.1.2 XML Signature Recommendation + +This clause introduces the concept of XML Signature detailed in [10]. It is used to transfer XML Signature over Itf-N to provide the File Integrity Security Service. + +Based on [10], data to be signed is canonicalized by using a specific method, i.e. using a unique form to represent XML files with the same semantic content but different text. The canonicalized data may be transformed before it is digested by using a specific method. The digest value is encrypted by using a specific signature method. The key information used to verify the signed value of signed data may be included in the XML Signature. + +As shown in [10], XML digital signatures are represented by the Signature element which has the following structure (where "?" denotes zero or one occurrence; "+" denotes one or more occurrences; and "\*" denotes zero or more occurrences): + +``` + + + + + ( + ()? + + + )+ + + + ()? + ()* + +``` + +## B.2 Mapping + +### B.2.1 File integrity solution Mapping + +#### B.2.1.1 Security Attribute Mapping + +In File Integrity Solution scenario, XML Signature as Security Attributes is exchanged over Itf-N accompanying the file(s) to be transferred. + +**Table B.2: Mapping from IS Security Attribute to File Integrity Solution Equivalents** + +| IS IOC in 3GPP TS 32.372 [5] | XML Signature Solution IOC | Qualifier | +|------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-----------| +| Signature | element Signature (defined in [10]) | M | + +#### B.2.1.2 Operation Mapping + +Editor's note: FFS. + +## --- B.3 Itf-N Security Service Behaviour + +This clause describes some behaviour of IRPManager and IRPAgent not captured by XML Schema in File Integrity Solution. + +### B.3.1 File integrity solution + +This clause addresses how to use XML Signature to provide File Integrity Security Service. + +To Enable IRPManager and IRPAgent to use XML Signature, these two sides should agree with Canonicalization Method, Transform Method, Digest Method, and Signature Method before they start communication. Mandatory methods defined in [10] should be supported by IRPManager and IRPAgent. + +When an XML document instance is to be exchanged over Itf-N, the sender should make sure the whole XML document instance should be signed. The corresponding XML Signature should be held in the XML document instance. + +When an XML document instance is received, the receiver should verify the XML document instance by using the process defined in [10]. + +If the verification is successful, receiver works with the XML document instance as normal; otherwise receiver should raise a security alarm if it is IRPAgent or process the failure in a vendor specific way if it is IRPManager. + +# --- Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2010-09 | SA#49 | SP-100522 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information and Approval | --- | 1.0.0 | +| 2010-10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2010-12 | SA#50 | SP-100833 | 001 | 1 | Correcting IDL syntax errors | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 2012-09 | 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+|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 System overview ..... | 8 | +| 4.1 System context ..... | 8 | +| 5 Information Object Classes..... | 9 | +| 5.1 Information entities imported and local labels..... | 9 | +| 5.2 Class diagram ..... | 9 | +| 5.2.1 Attributes and relationships..... | 9 | +| 5.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 10 | +| 5.3 Information Object Classes definition..... | 10 | +| 5.3.1 partialSuspendedOfItfN..... | 10 | +| 5.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 10 | +| 5.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 10 | +| 5.3.2 partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP..... | 10 | +| 5.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 10 | +| 5.4 Information relationships definition..... | 11 | +| 5.4.1 relation-partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP-partialSuspensionOfItfN (M) ..... | 11 | +| 5.4.1.1 Definition ..... | 11 | +| 5.4.1.2 Roles ..... | 11 | +| 5.4.1.3 Constraints ..... | 11 | +| 5.5 Information attributes definition ..... | 11 | +| 5.5.1 Definitions and legal values ..... | 11 | +| 6 Interface definition ..... | 12 | +| 6.1 Class diagram representing interfaces..... | 12 | +| 6.2 Generic rules ..... | 12 | +| 6.3 partialSuspension Interface (M)..... | 13 | +| 6.3.1 Operation setPartialSuspensionOfItfN (M) ..... | 13 | +| 6.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 13 | +| 6.3.1.2 Input parameters ..... | 13 | +| 6.3.1.3 Output parameters..... | 14 | +| 6.3.1.4 Pre-condition..... | 14 | +| 6.3.1.5 Post-condition ..... | 14 | +| 6.3.1.6 Exceptions..... | 14 | +| 6.3.2 Operation removePartialSuspensionOfItfN (M) ..... | 15 | +| 6.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 15 | +| 6.3.2.2 Input parameters ..... | 15 | +| 6.3.2.3 Output parameters..... | 15 | +| 6.3.2.4 Pre-condition..... | 15 | +| 6.3.2.5 Post-condition ..... | 15 | +| 6.3.2.6 Exceptions..... | 15 | +| 6.3.3 Operation readActivePartialSuspensionsOfItfN (O)..... | 16 | +| 6.3.3.1 Definition ..... | 16 | +| 6.3.3.2 Input parameters ..... | 16 | +| 6.3.3.3 Output parameters..... | 16 | +| 6.3.3.4 Pre-condition..... | 16 | +| 6.3.3.5 Post-condition ..... | 16 | +| 6.3.3.6 Exceptions..... | 16 | +| 6.3.4 Notification notifyChangeOfPartialSuspensionOfItfN (M) ..... | 17 | + +6.3.4.1 Definition .....17 +6.3.4.2 Input Parameters .....17 +6.3.4.3 Triggering Event.....18 +6.3.4.3.1 From-state.....18 +6.3.4.3.2 To-state.....18 +Annex A (informative): Change history.....19 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.381: Partial Suspension of Itf-N Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements. +- 32.382: Partial Suspension of Itf-N Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS).** +- 32.386: Partial Suspension of Itf-N Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions. + +The Itf-N interface is built up by a number of IRPs and a related Name Convention, which realise the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +Information of an event is carried in a notification. An IRP Agent (typically an EM or a NE) emits notifications (see 3GPP TS 32.302 [3]. The IRP Manager (typically a Network Management System) receives notifications. In certain scenarios floods of unwanted notifications including alarms would be sent to the IRP manager by network object instances. Thereby the interface and the management systems bear unnecessary load. Even worse: the Operator's awareness is drawn away from really urgent events. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The purpose of Partial Suspension of Itf-N IRP is to define an interface through which an IRPManager can suspend the forwarding of notifications via Itf-N which were generated in parts of the managed systems. + +The present document is the Information Service of Partial Suspension of Itf-N IRP. It defines, for the purpose of suspending generally the forwarding of notifications, the information observable and controlled by management system's client and it also specifies the semantics of the interactions used to carry this information. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.302: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.381: "Telecommunication management; Partial Suspension of Itf-N Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.312: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Information Service (IS)". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.602: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (SS)". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.662: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM; Information Service (IS)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: + +**IRP:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**IRP Agent:** See 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +**IRP Manager:** See 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +**Suspended notification:** See 3GPP TS 32.381 [4]. + +**Itf-N suspended managed instance:** See 3GPP TS 32.381 [4]. + +**Partial suspension of Itf-N:** See 3GPP TS 32.381 [4]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|----------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| EM | Element Manager | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service (see 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]) | +| Itf-N | Interface N | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| NE | Network Element | + +# 4 System overview + +## 4.1 System context + +The general definition of the System Context for the present IRP is found in 3GPP TS 32.150 [5], clause 4.7. + +In addition, the set of related IRP(s) relevant to the present IRP is shown in figures 4.1-1 and 4.1-2. + +![Figure 4.1-1: System Context A. A block diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (EM), which is connected to multiple NEs. A dashed vertical line labeled 'Itf-N' separates the NM and EM. A curved arrow points from the EM to the Itf-N interface, labeled 'Notification IRP' and 'Partial Suspension of Itf-N IRP'.](07b17a620c75522d53916a11e12d1bff_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates System Context A. On the left, a box labeled 'IRPManager' is contained within a larger box labeled 'NM'. A solid horizontal line connects the 'IRPManager' box to another box labeled 'IRPAgent' on the right. The 'IRPAgent' box is contained within a larger box labeled 'EM'. To the right of the 'IRPAgent' box, a dotted horizontal line connects to a box labeled 'NEs'. A dashed vertical line, labeled 'Itf-N' at its base, separates the 'NM' box from the 'EM' box. A curved arrow originates from the 'IRPAgent' box and points to the 'Itf-N' interface. Next to this arrow are the labels 'Notification IRP' and 'Partial Suspension of Itf-N IRP'. + +Figure 4.1-1: System Context A. A block diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (EM), which is connected to multiple NEs. A dashed vertical line labeled 'Itf-N' separates the NM and EM. A curved arrow points from the EM to the Itf-N interface, labeled 'Notification IRP' and 'Partial Suspension of Itf-N IRP'. + +Figure 4.1-1: System Context A + +![Figure 4.1-2: System Context B. A block diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (NE). A dashed vertical line labeled 'Itf-N' separates the NM and NE. A curved arrow points from the NE to the Itf-N interface, labeled 'Notification IRP' and 'Partial Suspension of Itf-N IRP'.](731f533b0599c8e42a063f06e4332045_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates System Context B. On the left, a box labeled 'IRPManager' is contained within a larger box labeled 'NM'. A solid horizontal line connects the 'IRPManager' box to another box labeled 'IRPAgent' on the right. The 'IRPAgent' box is contained within a larger box labeled 'NE'. A dashed vertical line, labeled 'Itf-N' at its base, separates the 'NM' box from the 'NE' box. A curved arrow originates from the 'IRPAgent' box and points to the 'Itf-N' interface. Next to this arrow are the labels 'Notification IRP' and 'Partial Suspension of Itf-N IRP'. + +Figure 4.1-2: System Context B. A block diagram showing an IRPManager (NM) connected to an IRPAgent (NE). A dashed vertical line labeled 'Itf-N' separates the NM and NE. A curved arrow points from the NE to the Itf-N interface, labeled 'Notification IRP' and 'Partial Suspension of Itf-N IRP'. + +Figure 4.1-2: System Context B + +# 5 Information Object Classes + +## 5.1 Information entities imported and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [6], information object class, Top | Top | +| 3GPP TS 32.312 [7], information object class, managedGenericIRP | managedGenericIRP | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [6], information object class, IRPAgent | IRPAgent | + +## 5.2 Class diagram + +### 5.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This clause depicts the set of IOCs that encapsulate information within the partial suspension of Itf-N IRP. The intent is to identify the information required for the partial suspension of Itf-N IRP implementation of its operations and notification emission. This clause provides the overview of all Information Object Classes in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these information object classes. + +![UML Class Diagram showing a relationship between partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP and partialSuspensionOfItfN. The top class, <> partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP, has a composition relationship with the bottom class, <> partialSuspensionOfItfN. The relationship is labeled '+ thePartialSuspensionOfItfNIRP' at the top class and '+ thePartialSuspended' at the bottom class. The multiplicity is 1 at the top class and 0..* at the bottom class. The association name is 'relation-partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP' and the role name is 'partialSuspensionOfItfN'.](b28af4985cdef1e519e3aaf26561dcb3_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP { + <> + } + class partialSuspensionOfItfN { + <> + + partialSuspensionId + + baseMOInstance + + scope + + activationTime + } + partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP "1" *-- "0..*" partialSuspensionOfItfN : relation-partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP + note for partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP "+ thePartialSuspensionOfItfNIRP" + note for partialSuspensionOfItfN "+ thePartialSuspended" + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing a relationship between partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP and partialSuspensionOfItfN. The top class, <> partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP, has a composition relationship with the bottom class, <> partialSuspensionOfItfN. The relationship is labeled '+ thePartialSuspensionOfItfNIRP' at the top class and '+ thePartialSuspended' at the bottom class. The multiplicity is 1 at the top class and 0..\* at the bottom class. The association name is 'relation-partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP' and the role name is 'partialSuspensionOfItfN'. + +Figure 5.2.1-1: Class Diagram + +### 5.2.2 Inheritance + +This clause depicts the inheritance relationships that exist between Information Object Classes. + +![UML class diagram showing inheritance from ManagedGenericIRP to partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP.](b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedGenericIRP["<> ManagedGenericIRP (from TS 32.312)"] + class partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP["<> partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP"] + ManagedGenericIRP <|-- partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP + +``` + +UML class diagram showing inheritance from ManagedGenericIRP to partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP. + +Figure 5.2.2-1: Inheritance Diagram + +## 5.3 Information Object Classes definition + +### 5.3.1 partialSuspendedOfItfN + +#### 5.3.1.1 Definition + +This information object represents a partial suspension object instance. + +A partialSuspensionOfItfN is fully identified by its distinguished name. + +A partialSuspensionOfItfN can represent a group of suspended instances depending on its scope. + +It inherits from IOC Top. + +#### 5.3.1.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| partialSuspensionId | + | M | M | - | +| baseMOInstance | + | O | M | - | +| scope | + | O | M | - | +| activationTime | + | O | M | - | + +### 5.3.2 partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP + +#### 5.3.2.1 Definition + +This information object represents a partial suspension of Itf-N IRP. It inherits from IOC managedGenericIRP. + +## 5.4 Information relationships definition + +### 5.4.1 relation-partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP-partialSuspensionOfItfN (M) + +#### 5.4.1.1 Definition + +This relationship defines the relationship between a partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP and the current partially suspended instances. + +#### 5.4.1.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| thePartiallySuspended | This role represents the one who is partially suspended. It can be played by instances of IOC partialSuspensionOfItfN | +| thePartialSuspensionOfItfNIRP | This role represents the partial suspension of Itf-N IRP which an IRPManager uses. It is played by instances of IOC partialSuspensionOfItfNIRP | + +#### 5.4.1.3 Constraints + +None + +## 5.5 Information attributes definition + +This clause defines the semantics of the Attributes used in Information Object Classes. + +### 5.5.1 Definitions and legal values + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| baseMOInstance | This attribute identifies uniquely a partially suspended base object instance | N/A | +| scope | This attribute indicates the managed object scope of the partial suspension. | N/A | +| partialSuspensionId | This attribute identifies uniquely a partial suspension requested by an IRPManager | N/A | +| activationTime | This attribute identifies the time from which onwards the partial suspension shall be active. | N/A | + +# 6 Interface definition + +## 6.1 Class diagram representing interfaces + +![UML Class Diagram showing notificationIRP realizing partialSuspension interface.](7f17c430b9598e4d748a8041457810b3_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class notificationIRP { + <> + notificationIRP + (from TS 32.302) + } + class partialSuspension { + <> + +setPartialSuspensionOfItfN + +removePartialSuspensionOfItfN + <> +readActivePartialSuspensionsOfItfN + +notifyChangePartialSuspensionOfItfN + } + notificationIRP --|> partialSuspension : <> +``` + +The diagram shows a class box for `notificationIRP` (InformationObjectClass from TS 32.302) with a realization relationship (dashed line with open arrow) pointing to an interface box for `partialSuspension`. The `partialSuspension` interface defines four operations: `+ setPartialSuspensionOfItfN`, `+ removePartialSuspensionOfItfN`, `<> + readActivePartialSuspensionsOfItfN`, and `+ notifyChangePartialSuspensionOfItfN`. + +UML Class Diagram showing notificationIRP realizing partialSuspension interface. + +Figure 6.1-1: Class Diagram for AlarmIRPOperation\_6 Interface + +## 6.2 Generic rules + +- Rule 1:** Each operation with at least one input parameter supports a pre-condition `valid_input_parameter` which indicates that all input parameters shall be valid with regards to their information type. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception `operation_failed_invalid_input_parameter` which is raised when pre-condition `valid_input_parameter` is false. The exception has the same entry and exit state. +- Rule 2:** Each operation with at least one optional input parameter supports a set of pre-conditions `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` where "xxx" is the name of the optional input parameter and the pre-condition indicates that the operation supports the named optional input parameter. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception `operation_failed_unsupported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` which is raised when (a) the pre-condition `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` is false and (b) the named optional input parameter is carrying information. The exception has the same entry and exit state. +- Rule 3:** Each operation shall support a generic exception `operation_failed_internal_problem` which is raised when an internal problem occurs and that the operation cannot be completed. The exception has the same entry and exit state. + +## 6.3 partialSuspension Interface (M) + +This interface defines methods for the IRPManager to request from the IRPAgent to generally suspend the forwarding of notifications via the Itf-N for a scope of managed object instances and all other notifications not related to managed NRM IOC instances. For the definition of partial suspension see the requirements document 3GPP TS 32.381 [4]. + +### 6.3.1 Operation setPartialSuspensionOfItfN (M) + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +This operation allows an IRPManager to suspend the forwarding via Itf-N of notifications generated by scoped managed object instances and all other notifications not related to managed NRM IOC instances. + +It is the IRPAgent's decision whether or not the suspended notifications are logged, whether or not they go into the AlarmList. + +The IRPAgent may apply a time delay before activation of the partial suspension and inform about it in the optional output parameter activationTime of this operation and notification notifyChangeOfPartialSuspensionOfItfN (this allows intervention of other IRPManagers in multi-manager scenarios). + +#### 6.3.1.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|------------------|-----------|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| managerReference | M | See 3GPP TS 32.302 [3] | | +| baseMOInstance | O | See 3GPP TS 32.602 [8] | If this parameter is not present, then all instances under the control of the IRPAgent are suspended. | +| scope | CM | See 3GPP TS 32.662 [9] | Condition: baseMOInstance is present | + +#### 6.3.1.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| partialSuspensionId | CM | INTEGER | Condition:
status==Success.
It uniquely identifies the new suspension in the IRP Agent. | +| conflictingPartialSuspensionList | CM | LIST OF PartialSuspension
STRUCT (
partialSuspensionId,
[partialSuspensionParameterList]
LIST OF
partialSuspensionParameter
STRUCT
([baseObjectInstance,
scope,]
[activationTime]
)
) | Condition:
failure reason is
AtLeastOneInstanceAlready-Suspended.

It contains the corresponding
partialSuspensionId of instances which are
already suspended.

[] signifies optional parts of the output
parameter.

activationTime can be omitted if it is has
already expired or if it was not used.
partialSuspensionParameterList is
absent if no scoping was applied at
activation of the partialSuspension and
activationTime is not present, i.e. the list
would be empty. | +| activationTime | O | GeneralizedTime | This is the IRP Agent's time, when this partial
suspension will become active. | +| status | M | ENUM (
Success,
Failure
) | Failure reasons are:
AtLeastOneInstanceAlreadySuspended,
TooBusy and other unspecified reasons. | + +#### 6.3.1.4 Pre-condition + +baseMOInstanceExists AND instancesNotYetSuspended + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------| +| baseMOInstanceExists | The specified baseMOInstance does exist. | +| instancesNotYet-Suspended | None of the scoped instances is already suspended. | + +#### 6.3.1.5 Post-condition + +partialSuspensionIsApplied + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| partialSuspensionIsApplied | The requested partial suspension of Itf-N is applied by the IRP Agent. | + +#### 6.3.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Properties | +|------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operation_failed | Condition: the pre-condition is false or the post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +### 6.3.2 Operation removePartialSuspensionOfItfN (M) + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +This operation allows any IRPManager to remove a previously defined partial suspension of Itf-N. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|---------------------|-----------|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------| +| managerReference | M | See 3GPP TS 32.302 [3] | See 3GPP TS 32.302 [3] | +| partialSuspensionId | M | See clause 6.3.1.3 | = output of an earlier setPartialSuspensionOfItfN operation | + +#### 6.3.2.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|-------------------------|---------| +| status | M | ENUM (Success, Failure) | | + +#### 6.3.2.4 Pre-condition + +partialSuspensionIdExists + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------| +| partialSuspensionIdExists | The specified suspension does exist in the IRPAgent. | + +#### 6.3.2.5 Post-condition + +partialSuspensionIsRemoved + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| +| partialSuspensionIsRemoved | The specified partial suspension is not applied anymore. | + +#### 6.3.2.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Properties | +|------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operation_failed | Condition: the pre-condition is false or the post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +### 6.3.3 Operation readActivePartialSuspensionsOfItfN (O) + +#### 6.3.3.1 Definition + +This operation allows an IRPManager to determine which partial suspensions are active in the IRPAgent, independently of the IRPManagers which requested the suspensions. + +#### 6.3.3.2 Input parameters + +None. + +#### 6.3.3.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-----------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| activePartialSuspensionList | CM | LIST OF PartialSuspension
STRUCT (
partialSuspensionId,
[partialSuspensionParameterList]
LIST OF
partialSuspensionParameter
STRUCT (
baseObjectInstance,
scope,
[activationTime]
)
) | If the IRPAgent does not detect an active suspension, then status==Success and activePartialSuspensionList is empty. A partial suspension whose activationTime is not yet reached shall also be in this activePartialSuspensionList .

Condition:
Present if and only if status==Success

activationTime can be omitted if it has already expired or if it was not used.
partialSuspensionParameterList is absent if no scoping was applied at activation of the partialSuspension and activationTime is not present, i.e. the list would be empty. | +| status | M | ENUM (Success, Failure) | | + +#### 6.3.3.4 Pre-condition + +`atLeastOnePartialSuspensionIsActive` + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|--------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------| +| atLeastOnePartialSuspensionIsActive | There is at least one suspension in the IRPAgent. | + +#### 6.3.3.5 Post-condition + +`allActivePartialSuspensionsAreDelivered` + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------| +| allActivePartialSuspensionsAreDelivered | All partial suspensions which are active are listed in the output. | + +#### 6.3.3.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Properties | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operation_failed | Condition: the pre-condition is false or the post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status .
Exit state: Entry state. | + +### 6.3.4 Notification notifyChangeOfPartialSuspensionOfItfN (M) + +#### 6.3.4.1 Definition + +This notification is sent: + +- after the IRPAgent has successfully performed a `setPartialSuspensionOfItfN` request and possibly (if this is supported) before the `activationTime` of this partial suspension; +- after the IRPAgent has successfully performed a `removePartialSuspensionOfItfN` request. + +IRPManagers should be aware that the IRPAgent can not deliver reliable results for some operations while partial suspension is active. Therefore the IRPManager should not use such operations, e.g. CM and FM or TM etc. operations in the scoped branch of the MIB, which is suspended. + +This notification can also be sent to an IRPManager who nevertheless requested an operation for an instance whose notification forwarding is suspended. + +#### 6.3.4.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|---------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M, Y | -- | Notification header - see 3GPP TS 32.302 [3]: it shall carry the PartialSuspensionOfItfNIRP class name | +| objectInstance | M, Y | -- | Notification header - see 3GPP TS 32.302 [3]: it shall carry the DN of the PartialSuspensionOfItfNIRP instance. | +| notificationId | M, N | -- | Notification header - see 3GPP TS 32.302 [3] | +| eventTime | M, Y | -- | Notification header - see 3GPP TS 32.302 [3] | +| notificationType | M, Y | "notifyPartialSuspensionOfItfN" | Notification header - see 3GPP TS 32.302 [3] | +| systemDN | C, Y | IRPAgent.systemDN . | Notification header - see 3GPP TS 32.302 [3] | +| typeOfChange | M, Y | ENUM(
SetPartialSuspension,
RemovePartialSuspension
) | | +| partialSuspensionId | M, Y | partialSuspensionIRP.partialSuspensionId | See clause 6.3.1.3 | +| managerReference | M, Y | partialSuspensionIRP.managerReference | See clause 6.3.1.2 | +| baseMOInstance | CO, Y | partialSuspensionIRP.baseMOInstance , see clause 6.3.1.2 | Condition:
scoping was used at activation of this partial suspension | +| scope | CM, Y | partialSuspensionIRP.scope , see clause 6.3.1.2 | Condition:
scoping was used at activation of this partial suspension | +| activationTime | CO, N | Same type as eventTime | Condition:
typeOfChange==SetPartialSuspension | + +#### 6.3.4.3 Triggering Event + +##### 6.3.4.3.1 From-state + +`aPartialSuspensionWasSetOrRemoved` + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| aPartialSuspensionWasSetOrRemoved | The IRP Agent has successfully set or removed a partial suspension. | + +##### 6.3.4.3.2 To-state + +subscribedManagersInformedAboutChangeInSuspension + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| subscribedManagersInformed
AboutSuspension | All subscribed IRP Managers are informed about the change in the suspension. | + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060255 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#32 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Jun 2006 | -- | -- | -- | -- | History box clean-up | -- | 1.0.0 | 1.0.1 | +| Mar 2007 | SA_35 | SP-070059 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#35 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Jun 2008 | SA_40 | SP-080328 | 0001 | -- | Correct operation name | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | - | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/09955ff8214ffb6947951fc0f60eb6ab_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/09955ff8214ffb6947951fc0f60eb6ab_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e6b5c5ca7ed209a38e2cf9406a3112a48cca6187 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/09955ff8214ffb6947951fc0f60eb6ab_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:00f4c832034577fdfd963491a4c33c0cf0a7fe77964f5ce37b1b23102133e944 +size 43541 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/62a4c9055642dbb00663e633332f04d3_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/62a4c9055642dbb00663e633332f04d3_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f8f88df3d4eafc2e55a1d7c7f8523ca7635f7df1 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/62a4c9055642dbb00663e633332f04d3_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a23757325c561e26de8795d0ee18ed6a212c7ff15c9b5d60e17a5c096b51a280 +size 60366 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/6e5a85131eedf6b98db62877ee64506e_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/6e5a85131eedf6b98db62877ee64506e_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cfbe6cad3a7c66bf5a938e1f0f1f54d876e8b385 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/6e5a85131eedf6b98db62877ee64506e_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:f92dad3d528da5764b3f10e521326c659605713dfafc3f608417368ba5fa1fcf +size 60970 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/7845e4a1721d13270589354181ec62c9_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/7845e4a1721d13270589354181ec62c9_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b858260847863c5cbcd993e6f05b32305aa564d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/7845e4a1721d13270589354181ec62c9_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a446a89259efa99958001fc8ae4b5987c2f202c8a70efeb074fb33bb72f1a748 +size 61074 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/85b10db535b22e64c7d37f362705ddbf_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/85b10db535b22e64c7d37f362705ddbf_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f77b3861ec4957d7d22aaa2f77d126f7fe5e1eb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/85b10db535b22e64c7d37f362705ddbf_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:6ad536529accd6d2be56cf59804052b14845bebdc6e93e325149a02216fe8cdc +size 53845 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/9b9d2abd741ed4bafe7f78f89961c663_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/9b9d2abd741ed4bafe7f78f89961c663_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4c2be5b7cd3a139573337dffb14d90224c8d4437 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/9b9d2abd741ed4bafe7f78f89961c663_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:098394204cd4bf8c438cabfa7854c3ea97baeaecc9a6c54fe601dfb051c68ff8 +size 94636 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..995d7dbc26daa83f3f719d4593cb8ab35df78a3c --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32401/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,883 @@ + + + + +document. + +## 2 Error! No text of specified style in + +Error! No text of specified style in + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 7 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 8 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 8 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 4 Concept ..... | 10 | +| 4.1 Measurement result data requirements..... | 11 | +| 4.1.1 Traffic measurements ..... | 11 | +| 4.1.2 Network configuration evaluation..... | 12 | +| 4.1.3 Resource access ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.4 Quality of Service (QoS) ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.5 Resource availability ..... | 12 | +| 4.2 Measurement administration..... | 12 | +| 4.2.1 Measurement job administration ..... | 12 | +| 4.2.2 Measurement result generation..... | 13 | +| 4.2.3 Local storage of results at the NE/EM..... | 14 | +| 4.2.4 Measurement result transfer ..... | 14 | +| 4.2.5 Performance data presentation..... | 15 | +| 4.3 Measurement type definitions ..... | 15 | +| 4.3.1 Nature of the result ..... | 15 | +| 4.3.2 Perceived accuracy ..... | 15 | +| 4.3.3 Comparability of measurement result data..... | 16 | +| 4.3.4 Measurement identification ..... | 16 | +| 4.3.5 (n-1) out of n approach ..... | 16 | +| 4.4 Performance alarms..... | 17 | +| 5 Functional requirements..... | 17 | +| 5.1 Introduction ..... | 17 | +| 5.2 Basic functions ..... | 17 | +| 5.3 Plug & Measure..... | 20 | +| 5.4 Measurement jobs ..... | 20 | +| 5.4.1 Measurement job characteristics ..... | 20 | +| 5.4.1.1 Measurement types ..... | 20 | +| 5.4.1.2 Measurement sub-types ..... | 20 | +| 5.4.1.3 Measurement schedule..... | 21 | +| 5.4.1.4 Granularity period..... | 21 | +| 5.4.1.5 Measurement reporting..... | 21 | +| 5.4.1.6 Illustration of the measurement scheduling principles ..... | 22 | +| 5.4.2 Measurement job state and status attributes ..... | 22 | +| 5.4.3 Measurement job administration ..... | 22 | +| 5.5 Measurement results..... | 23 | +| 5.5.1 Measurement result characteristics..... | 23 | +| 5.5.2 Transfer of measurement results..... | 23 | +| 5.6 Usage of Alarm IRP for performance alarms..... | 24 | +| 5.7 Threshold Management..... | 25 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 29 | + +document. + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +x the first digit: + +- 1 presented to TSG for information; +- 2 presented to TSG for approval; +- 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. + +y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. + +z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication Management; Performance Management (PM), as identified below: + +- TS 32.401: "Concept and requirements"; +- TS 52.402: "Performance measurements - GSM"; +- TS 32.404 : "Performance measurements - Definitions and template"; +- TS 32.405: "Performance measurements Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN)"; +- TS 32.406: "Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Packet Switched (PS) domain"; +- TS 32.407 : "Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Circuit Switched (CS) domain; UMTS and combined UMTS/GSM"; +- TS 32.408: "Performance measurements Teleservice"; +- TS 32.409: "Performance measurements IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)"; +- TS 32.425 : "Performance measurements Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)"; +- TS 32.426 : "Performance measurements Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network"; +- TS 32.452 : "Performance measurements Home Node B (HNB) Subsystem HNS"; +- TS 32.453 : "Performance measurements Home enhanced Node B (HeNB) Subsystem (HeNS)". + +The present document is part of a set of specifications, which describe the requirements and information model necessary for the standardised Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OA&M) of a multi-vendor GSM, UMTS or LTE PLMN. + +document. + +During the lifetime of a PLMN, its logical and physical configuration will undergo changes of varying degrees and frequencies in order to optimise the utilisation of the network resources. These changes will be executed through network configuration management activities and/or network engineering, see 3GPP TS 32.600 [3]. + +Many of the activities involved in the daily operation and future network planning of a PLMN network require data on which to base decisions. This data refers to the load carried by the network and the grade of service offered. In order to produce this data performance measurements are executed in the NEs, which comprise the network. The data can then be transferred to an external system, e.g. an Operations System (OS) in TMN terminology, for further evaluation. The purpose of the present document and its companion specifications in the TS family is to describe the mechanisms involved in the collection of the data and the definition of the data itself. + +document. + +# 1 Scope + +The present document describes the requirements for the management of performance measurements and the collection of performance measurement result data across GSM, UMTS and LTE networks. It defines the administration of measurement schedules by the Network Element Manager (EM), the generation of measurement results in the Network Elements (NEs) and the transfer of these results to one or more Operations Systems, i.e. EM(s) and/or Network Manager(s) (NM(s)). + +The basic Performance Management concept that the present document is built upon is described in clause 4. The requirements of how an EM administers the performance measurements and how the results can be collected are defined in detail in clause 5. Measurements available for collection by NEs are described in the following specifications: + +- TS 52.402 for GSM systems; +- TS 32.405, TS 32.406, TS 32.407 and TS 32.408 for UMTS and combined UMTS/GSM systems; +- TS 32.409 for IMS networks; +- TS 32.425 for E-UTRAN; +- TS 32.426 for EPC; +- TS 32.452 for Home Node B (HNB) Subsystem (HNS); +- TS 32.453 for Home enhanced Node B (HeNB) Subsystem (HeNS). + +Effort has been made to ensure consistency in the definition of measurements between different NEs and generations. The performance measurement result is described in Performance Measurement File Format Definition (3GPP TS 32.432 [29]). + +The following is beyond the scope of the present document, and therefore the present document does not describe: + +- the formal definition of the interface that the EM uses to administer performance measurements in the NEs; +- the formal definition of the interface that the EM uses to collect measurement results from the NEs; +- how the data, once accumulated and collected, could or should be processed, stored, or presented to an end user; +- the information which may be obtained through the collection and processing of call or event related records which have been produced by the NEs primarily for the purpose of raising bills and other charges. + +The management requirements have been derived from existing telecommunications operations experience. The management definitions were then derived from other standardisation work so as to minimise the re-invention factor. References are given as appropriate. + +The objectives of this standardisation are: + +- to provide the descriptions for a standard set of measurements; +- to produce a common description of the management technique for measurement administration and result accumulation; and +- to define a method for the bulk transmission of measurement results across a management interface. + +The definition of the standard measurements is intended to result in comparability of measurement result data produced in a multi-vendor wireless network, for those measurement types that can be standardised across all vendors' implementations. + +As far as possible, existing standardisation in the area of Performance Management has been re-used and enhanced where particular requirements, peculiar to the mobile telephony environment, have been recognised. + +document. + +The present document considers all the above aspects of Performance Management for a GSM, UMTS or LTE network and its NEs defined in the core Technical Specifications. However, only those aspects which are specific to a GSM/UMTS/LTE system and particular to wireless network operation are included in the present document. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 25.442: "UTRAN Implementation Specific O&M Transport". +- [5] ITU-T Recommendation E.880: "Field data collection and evaluation on the performance of equipment, networks and services". +- [6] ITU-T Recommendation X.731: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management: State management function". +- [7] ISO 8571: "Information processing systems - Open Systems Interconnection - File Transfer, Access and Management". +- [8] – [9] Void. +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.302: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service". +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.111-1: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 1: 3G fault management requirements". +- [13] - [19] Void. +- [20] 3GPP TR 32.800: "Telecommunication management; Management level procedures and interaction with UTRAN". +- [21] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [22] 3GPP TS 32.402: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - GSM". +- [23] Void. +- [24] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [25] W3C REC-xml-20001006: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)". + +document. + +- [26] W3C REC-xmlschema-0-20010502: "XML Schema Part 0: Primer". +- [27] W3C REC-xmlschema-1-20010502: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures". +- [28] W3C REC-xmlschema-2-20010502: "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes". +- [29] 3GPP TS 32.432: "Telecommunication management; Performance Measurement File Format Definition". +- [30] 3GPP TS 32.342: "Telecommunication management; File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [31] 3GPP TS 32.404: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template". +- [32] 3GPP TS 32.405: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN)". +- [33] 3GPP TS 32.406: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Core Network (CN) Packet Switched (PS) domain". +- [34] 3GPP TS 32.407: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Core Network (CN) Circuit Switched (CS) domain". +- [35] 3GPP TS 32.408: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Teleservice". +- [36] 3GPP TS 32.409: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)". +- [37] 3GPP TS 32.425: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)". +- [38] 3GPP TS 32.426: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network". +- [39] 3GPP TS 32.452: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Home Node B (HNB) Subsystem (HNS)". +- [40] 3GPP TS 32.453: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Home enhanced Node B (HeNB) Subsystem (HeNS)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: + +**network Element Manager (EM):** provides a package of end-user functions for management of a set of closely related types of Network Elements. These functions can be divided into two main categories: + +- Element Management Functions for management of Network Elements on an individual basis. These are basically the same functions as supported by the corresponding local terminals. +- Sub-Network Management Functions that are related to a network model for a set of Network Elements constituting a clearly defined sub-network, which may include relations between the Network Elements. This model enables additional functions on the sub-network level (typically in the areas of network topology presentation, alarm correlation, service impact analysis and circuit provisioning). + +**Network Manager (NM):** provides a package of end-user functions with the responsibility for the management of a network, mainly as supported by the EM(s) but it may also involve direct access to the Network Elements. All communication with the network is based on open and well-standardised interfaces supporting management of multi-vendor and multi-technology Network Elements. + +document. + +**Operations System (OS):** generic management system, independent of its location level within the management hierarchy. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|---------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| 3G | 3 rd Generation | +| AGCH | Access Grant Channel | +| APN | Access Point Name | +| ASN.1 | Abstract Syntax Notation 1 | +| AuC | Authentication Centre | +| BER | Basic Encoding Rules | +| BSC | Base Station Controller | +| BSS | Base Station System | +| BSSAP | BSS Application Part | +| BTS | Base Transceiver Station | +| CBCH | Cell Broadcast Channel | +| CCCH | Common Control Channel | +| DCCH | Dedicated Control Channel | +| DCN | Data Communication Network | +| DER | Discrete Event Registration | +| EIR | Equipment Identity Register | +| EM | (Network) Element Manager | +| EPC | Evolved Packet Core | +| E-UTRAN | Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| FACCH | Fast Associated Control Channel | +| FTAM | File Transfer Access and Management | +| FTP | File Transfer Protocol | +| GGSN | Gateway GPRS Service Node | +| GMSC | Gateway Mobile Services Switching Centre | +| GPRS | General Packet Radio Service | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communications | +| GSN | GPRS Service Node | +| HLR | Home Location Register | +| HO | Handover | +| HPLMN | Home PLMN | +| IMEI | International Mobile Equipment Identity | +| IMSI | International Mobile Subscriber Identity | +| ISDN | Integrated Service Digital Network | +| ISO | International Standards Organisation | +| Itf | Interface | +| LLC | Logical Link Control | +| LR | Location Register | +| LTE | Long Term Evolution | +| MS | Mobile Station | +| MSC | Mobile Services Switching Centre | +| MSRN | Mobile Subscriber Roaming Number | +| MTP | Message Transfer Part | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NSS | Network Sub System (including EIR, HLR, SMS-IWMSC, MSC and VLR) | +| OA&M | Operation, Administration and Maintenance | +| OACSU | Off-Air Call Set Up | +| OS | Operations System (EM, NM) | +| OSI | Open Systems Interconnection | +| PCCCH | Packet Common Control Channel | +| PCCH | Packet Paging Channel | +| PCH | Paging Channel | +| PLMN | Public Land Mobile Network | + +document. + +| | | +|-----------|---------------------------------------------------| +| PM | Performance Management | +| PTCH | Packet Traffic Channel | +| PVLR | Previous VLR | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RACH | Random Access Channel | +| Rec. | Recommendation | +| RF | Radio Frequency | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| RR | Radio Resource | +| RXLEV | Reception Level | +| RXQUAL | Reception Quality | +| SACCH | Slow Associated Control Channel | +| SCCP | (ITU-T) Signalling Connection Control Part | +| SDCCH | Stand alone Dedicated Control Channel | +| SGSN | Serving GPRS Service Node | +| SMS-IWMSC | Short Message Service Inter Working MSC | +| SNDPC | Sub Network Dependency Control Protocol | +| SS | Supplementary Service | +| TCAP | (ITU-T) Transaction Capabilities Application Part | +| TCH | Traffic Channel | +| TFTP | Trivial FTP | +| TMN | Telecommunications Management Network | +| TMSI | Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity | +| UE | User Equipment | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| VLR | Visitors Location Register | + +# --- 4 Concept + +Any evaluation of PLMN-system behaviour will require performance data collected and recorded by its NEs according to a schedule established by the EM. This aspect of the management environment is termed Performance Management. The purpose of any Performance Management activity is to collect data, which can be used to verify the physical and logical configuration of the network and to locate potential problems as early as possible. The type of data to be collected is defined by the equivalent measurements (refer to TS 52.402 [22] and TS32.404 [31]). The present document concentrates on the requirements of GSM, UMTS and LTE telecom management to produce this data. Any management actions performed at the OSs subsequently to analyse the performance data are not considered in the present document. + +Data is required to be produced by the NEs to support the following areas of performance evaluation: + +- traffic levels within the network, including the level of both the user traffic and the signalling traffic (clause 4.1.1); +- verification of the network configuration (clause 4.1.2); +- resource access measurements (clause 4.1.3); +- Quality of Service (e.g. delays during call set-up, packet throughput, etc) (clause 4.1.4); and +- resource availability (e.g. the recording of begin and end times of service unavailability) (clause 4.1.5). + +The production of the measurement result data by the NEs also needs to be administered by the EM. Several phases of administration of performance measurements can be distinguished: + +- the management of the performance measurement collection process (clause 4.2.1); +- the generation of performance measurement results (clause 4.2.2); +- the local storage of measurement results in the NE (clause 4.2.3); +- the transfer of measurement results from the NE to an OS (EM and/or NM) (clause 4.2.4); and + +document. + +- the storage, preparation and presentation of results to the operating personnel (clause 4.2.5). + +In respect to the evaluation of the results produced by the measurements the following has to be considered: + +- to understand the nature of the results received from the network (clause 4.3.1); +- to assure the reliability and accuracy of the measurement results (clause 4.3.2); +- to ensure comparable measurement results for the same measurements being performed in equipment from different vendors (clause 4.3.3); +- the ability to identify the results in the management systems: with respect to the measurement jobs by the EM, and with respect to the measurement types and measured resources by the NM (clause 4.3.4); and +- to take into account that, in a set of $n$ correlated measurements, any $(n-1)$ out of the defined $n$ measurements may be provided by the network (clause 4.3.5). + +Performance measurements may also be used to supervise operator defined threshold values and generate alarms upon exceeding the thresholds (clause 4.4). + +The following clauses provide further background on the performance measurement concept that is applicable to GSM, UMTS and LTE networks. Although any implementation of GSM, UMTS and LTE network elements shall adopt the concept described below, not all of the text - due to its conceptual nature - is usable to actually determine compliance of the equipment. In these cases, more strictly specified requirements, against which conformance shall be proven, are found in clause 5 of the present document. + +## 4.1 Measurement result data requirements + +This clause describes the typical requirements for performance data to be produced by the NEs, which comprise a GSM, UMTS or LTE network. It is important to note that an actual measurement value collected from the network may be used to satisfy requirements in more than one category of measurement described below. + +### 4.1.1 Traffic measurements + +Traffic measurements provide the data from which, among other uses, the planning and operation of the network can be carried out. + +The types of traffic evaluations for which PLMN specific measurements may be used include: + +- traffic load on the radio or core network interfaces (signalling and user traffic); +- usage of resources within the network nodes; +- user activation and use of supplementary services, etc. + +Examples of measured values may include: + +- pages per location area per hour; +- busy hour call attempts per BSC, RNC, MSC; +- handovers per BSC/RNC per hour, etc. + +### 4.1.2 Network configuration evaluation + +Once a network plan, or changes to a network plan, have been implemented it is important to be able to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan or planned changes. Typically, the measurements required to support this activity indicate the traffic levels with particular relevance to the way the traffic uses the network. + +### 4.1.3 Resource access + +For accurate evaluation of resource access, each measurement result would need to be produced for regular time intervals across the network, or for a comparable part of the network. + +document. + +### 4.1.4 Quality of Service (QoS) + +The user of a PLMN views the provided service from outside the network. That perception can be described in observed QoS terms. QoS can indicate the network performance expected to be experienced by the user. For further detail see ITU-T Recommendation E.880 [5]. + +The QoS parameters applied by the network to specific user services may also be relevant to determine the charges levied towards the user for the provision of those services. + +### 4.1.5 Resource availability + +The availability performance is dependent on the defined objectives, i.e. the availability performance activities carried out during the different phases of the life cycle of the system, and on the physical and administrative conditions. For further detail see ITU-T Recommendation E.880 [5]. + +## 4.2 Measurement administration + +The range of measurements which will be available from the NEs are expected to cover all of the requirements described in clause 4.1. However, not all of these measurements will be required all of the time, from every occurrence, of every relevant NE. Therefore, it is necessary to administer the measurements so as to determine which measurement types, on which measured resources, at which times, are to be executed. With a highly distributed network like a GSM, UMTS or LTE mobile telecommunication system it is also necessary to gather the measurement result data so as to perform consistent analysis of the results and to evaluate the interactions between the NEs. + +This clause describes the requirements for the various areas of administration of measurements. + +### 4.2.1 Measurement job administration + +Measurement jobs, i.e. the processes which are executed in the NEs in order to accumulate measurement result data and assemble it for collection and/or inspection, will need to be scheduled by the EM for the period or periods for which gathering of data shall be performed. + +The administration of measurement jobs by the EM comprises the following actions: + +- 1) Create/delete a measurement job. This action implies the instantiation respectively deletion of a measurement collection process within the network. +- 2) Modifying a measurement job, i.e. changing the parameters (specifically the schedule) of a measurement job that has been previously created. +- 3) Definition of measurement job scheduling. This action defines the period or periods during which the measurement job is configured to collect performance data. +- 4) Specification of the measurement types to be contained in the job, e.g. "number of GPRS attach attempts". +In GSM, the measurement jobs are administered by individual measurement types, which are specified in TS 52.402 [22]. In UMTS and LTE, the measurement jobs may be administered per individual measurement type or per measurement family, which comprises a collection of related measurement types. The measurement types and families for UMTS and combined GSM/UMTS networks are specified in TS 32.405 [32], TS 32.406 [33], TS 32.407 [34], TS 32.408 [35] and specified in TS 32.409 [36] for IMS. Measurement types and families for E-UTRAN are specified in TS 32.425 [37] and for EPC in TS 32.426 [38]. Measurement types and families for Home Node B (HNB) Subsystem (HNS) are defined in TS 32.452 [39] and for Home enhanced Node B (HeNB) Subsystem (HeNS) in TS.32.453 [40]. +- 5) Identification of the measured resources, i.e. the NEs (e.g. MSC, NodeB) or NE components (e.g. trunkgroups, radio channels, transceivers) to which the measurement types or measurement families, specified in the measurement job, pertain. +- 6) Suspend/resume a measurement job. The "suspend" action inhibits the collection of measurement result data by a measurement job, regardless of its schedule, without deleting it. The "resume" action will re-enable measurement result data collection according to the measurement job schedule. It may also be possible for the system to suspend a measurement job without any operator's action in case of overload. It should then be possible, at any time, for the operator to resume a job suspended by the system. + +document. + +- 7) Setting up any necessary requirements for the reporting and routing of results to one or more OSs (EM and/or NM). +- 8) Retrieval of information related to measurement jobs, i.e. view the current measurement job definition. + +A measurement job is thus characterised by a set of measurement types and/or measurement families which all pertain to the same set of measured resources and share the same schedule. Typically a large number of measurement jobs will run simultaneously within the NEs comprising the PLMN, and one or more EM is involved in the administration of those measurement jobs. In order for the operator to manage this large number of measurement jobs effectively and efficiently, it is necessary that the administration functions in the EM can not only deal with individual measurements on individual NEs, but also scope the execution environment across the measured resources, and apply an additional filter to the resources/NEs selected by the measurement scope. The scoping and filtering of the measurement(s) shall then be automatically adapted if measured resources that match the selection criteria are added or removed. + +There are several instances of this "plug&measure" feature: + +- 1) execute the same (set of) measurement type(s) on a set of identical resources within a single NE. An example of this is to measure the average bit error rate on all channels in a cell, or all channels of the cell that match the filter criterion; +- 2) execute the same (set of) measurement type(s) on a set of identical NEs or resources according to the hierarchical structure of the network. Examples of this are to measure the average bit rate on all IuPS links of the same U-MSC or to measure inter-cell handovers for all cells attached to the same BSC; +- 3) execute the same (set of) measurement type(s) across all resources/NEs of the same type that belong to a specific administrative domain. An example of this is to measure the call set-up failure rate in all cells located in a certain city, or otherwise defined geographical area (this may be a combination of scope and filter), or within the responsibility area of system operator number 2. + +The definition of those administrative, or management, domains may be part of either the measurement job administration functions or the CM functions provided by the EM. The functionality of scoping and filtering of measurements within the same NE may either be distributed across the NE and the EM (e.g. EM creates a single measurement job with scope and filter, and NE determines the measured resources that match the selection criteria), or it may be realised solely in the EM (EM determines measured resources from the scope and filter specified by the system operator, and multiple measurement jobs will be created), according to implementation choice. + +### 4.2.2 Measurement result generation + +Each measurement job will be collecting result data at a particular frequency, known as the granularity period of the measurement job. At the end of the granularity period a scheduled result report is generated for each measurement job that is actively collecting performance measurement result data, i.e. for all the measurement types and measured resources covered by the job. + +The measurement result data can be collected in each NE of the network in a number of ways: + +- cumulative incremental counters triggered by the occurrence of the measured event; +- status inspection (i.e. a mechanism for high frequency sampling of internal counters at pre-defined rates); +- gauges (i.e. high tide mark, low tide mark); +- discrete event registration, where data related to a particular event is captured. + +These are described in the following clauses. + +**Cumulative counter:** The NE maintains a running count of the event being counted. The counter is reset to a well-defined value (usually "0") at the beginning of each granularity period. + +**Status inspection:** Network elements maintain internal counts for resource management purposes. These counts are read at a predetermined rate, the rate is usually based upon the expected rate of change of the count value. Status inspection measurements shall be reset at the beginning of the granularity period and will only have a valid result at the end of the granularity period. + +document. + +**Gauge:** Gauges represent dynamic variables that may change in either direction. Gauges can be integer or real valued. If a gauge is required to produce low and high tide marks for a granularity period (e.g. minimum and maximum call duration), then it shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. If a gauge is required to produce a consecutive readout over multiple granularity periods (e.g. cabinet temperature), then it shall only be reinitialised at the start of a recording interval (see definition of "recording interval" in clause 5.2.1.2). + +**Discrete Event Registration (DER):** Data related to a particular event is captured. Every $n^{\text{th}}$ event is registered, where $n$ can be 1 or larger. The value of $n$ is dependent on the frequency of occurrence of the event being measured. DER measurements shall be reset at the beginning of each granularity period and will only have a valid result at the end of the granularity period. + +### 4.2.3 Local storage of results at the NE/EM + +It is necessary for the NE to retain measurement result data it has produced until they have been sent to, or retrieved by, the destination OS(s). Depending on implementation and configuration details, e.g. the transfer method, the number and type (EM/NM) of the destination OS(s), this data will be retained at the NE under the control of the destination OS(s), or solely under the control of the EM. The storage capacity and the duration for which the data will be retained at the NE will be Operator and implementation dependent. + +If the measurement result data are routed to an NM via the EM, then it is necessary for the EM to retain the data at least until they have been successfully transferred to the NM. The storage capacity and the duration for which the data will be retained at the EM are Operator and implementation dependent. + +### 4.2.4 Measurement result transfer + +Measurement results produced by the NEs are transferred to an external OS for storage, post-processing, and presentation to the system operator for further evaluation. In a network with more than one OS (e.g. EM and NM) the data may be required by several OSs. It is therefore necessary to support the possibility for multiple destinations for the transfer of measurement result data. + +**From the NE to the EM,** the results of the measurement jobs can be forwarded in either of two standard ways: + +- 1) the scheduled result reports, generated by the measurement jobs executing in the NE, can be sent to the EM as soon as they are available (notifications); +- 2) the reports can be stored in the NE (files) and transferred to or retrieved by the EM when required. + +**From the network to the NM,** measurement results can be forwarded via a bulk transfer (i.e. file-based) interface. It is an implementation option whether this interface to the NM resides in the EM or in the NEs. + +It should be noted that, depending on an Operator's needs, measurement results may have to be transferred to the EM only, the NM only, or both. Depending on a vendor's implementation, measurement results may be transferred to the NM directly from the NE or via the EM. This implies that not all of the result transfer options described above have to be implemented in all cases. + +### 4.2.5 Performance data presentation + +The performance data user interface presentation, including the storage and preparation of the data in the OS(s), is outside the scope of the present document. + +## 4.3 Measurement type definitions + +This clause looks at the requirements for the definition of the individual measurement types. + +### 4.3.1 Nature of the result + +The measurement types defined for the GSM and UMTS systems have to be collected in the NEs. As each NE has its own role to play in the provision of the mobile service then each will have a different perspective on the performance of the network. The measurement type definitions shall, therefore, contain a description of the intended result of the measurement in terms of what is being measured. Appropriate information is included in the measurement type definition templates, see TS 52.402 [22] and ts 32.404 [31]. + +document. + +### 4.3.2 Perceived accuracy + +The accuracy of measurements can be seen in three ways: + +- whether the result produced represents all occurrences of the defined event; +- whether related measurements produced for the same period refer to the same events; or +- whether a measurement result refers to the whole or part of a granularity period. + +**Representation of all occurrences:** the definition of a measurement needs to accurately reflect which types of events are to be included in the collection of the data. If a general event or procedure description can be characterised by several sub-types then the measurement definition will have to be precise as to which sub-types are included or specifically excluded from that measurement. Depending on the measurement definition, it may prove more acceptable to count the event or procedure by causes, e.g. successful termination, unsuccessful termination for all reasons. If the definition of a measurement refers to specific failure causes then care shall be taken to assess whether all causes are included - the sum of which can provide the total number of failures - or whether a count of the total is defined as well as for the specific causes. This is particularly important if not all of the causes are supported by an implementation, or if not all of the causes are requested in the measurement job definition. + +**Same period for the same two events:** consider two events being counted which refer to the same resource allocation procedure, falling on either side of a granularity period boundary. I.e. the attempt is counted in one period while the termination is counted in the subsequent period. This will lead to discrepancies appearing in the actual figures when trying to compare attempt and termination counts for the same period. In order to avoid this discrepancy, implementations shall ensure that the termination of a procedure started within a given granularity period shall be captured within the measurement results for that same period, even if the termination of the procedure falls within the next granularity period. + +**Measurement collection periods:** a typical measurement collection period can be interrupted by system events. + +These interruptions can be one or more of the following: + +- a) failure of the measured network resource; +- b) failure of the measurement procedure; +- c) the measured network resource only becomes available after the measurement period has commenced; +- d) the measurement procedure only becomes available after the measurement period has commenced. +- e) system error (e.g. disk failure/lack of memory); +- f) communication error (e.g. link failure between the network manager and the measured network resource). + +Any such interruption implies that the affected measurement result is incomplete, and in extreme circumstances, no result reports at all can be generated. In these cases the measurement result shall highlight such interruptions to indicate that the result is suspect (see also setting of suspectFlag in Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29]). + +Any actions to be taken subsequently with regards to the usefulness of the data will depend on the circumstances and the requirements of individual Operators. + +### 4.3.3 Comparability of measurement result data + +In a multi-vendor network it is important to know that measurement result data produced by equipment from one supplier is equivalent to the measurement result data being produced by the equivalent equipment from another supplier. This is particularly important when analysing data across the whole network. The measurement type definitions (in TS 32.402 [22], TS 32.405[32], TS 32.406 [33], TS 32.407 [34], TS 32.408 [35], TS 32.409 [36], TS 32.425 [37], TS 32.426 [38], TS 32.452 [39] and TS 32.453 [40]) shall therefore use a common understanding of the events being measured (e.g. by relating to protocol messages) so as to produce comparable results. + +document. + +### 4.3.4 Measurement identification + +In complex networks it is easy to generate large amounts of performance data. For the administration of the measurement jobs, and for the attribution of result data to the correct measurements, it is essential for the EM that all measurement result data is recognisable in respect of each request made. For post-processing of the measurement results in the NM, it is essential that measurement results can be attributed to the correct measurement types and NEs/measured resources. + +As all the required information to distinguish the measurement results for each request, already exists in the definition of the request, it makes sense to use this information, rather than create anything new. The information, which can be used to distinguish requests from each other's, may be e.g. NE name, measurement type, granularity period, or a combination of these. NE names defined within the realm of CM (3GPP TS 32.600 [3] and the associated network resource model in other 32.6xx TSs) shall be reused. For the measurement job administration in the EM, it is also possible to use measurement job ids, or other implementation specific parameters that identify the measurements. + +### 4.3.5 (n-1) out of n approach + +The measurement result values generated by a NE can be obtained in a number of different ways. For example, measurements can be defined to provide the number of attempts for a certain procedure plus the number of failures and the number of successes, where the sum of the successes and failures equals the number of attempts. This means that actually any 2 of the above 3 measurements provide the same information. Therefore, an approach has been adopted in the present document and its companions, 3GPP TS 32.402 [22] and 3GPP TS 32.404 [31], to allow a vendor to choose any (n-1) out of the n defined counters for implementation (2 out of 3 in the above example). The benefit of this approach is to avoid redundancy in the measurement implementation, while at the same time leaving freedom for implementation of the measurements in the network elements. As all n result values of the measurement results are relevant for system operators, the missing nth value shall be calculated by post-processing running on the NM. + +It is important to note, however, that, depending on the measurement type definition, some implementation choices can offer more detailed information than others. For example, if per-cause failure measurements are specified, then the implementation of the "attempts" and "successes" measurements still allows post-processing to calculate the number of failures, but per cause information can not be derived. Therefore, in this case, the failure measurement should always be implemented, while there is still freedom to choose the "attempts" or the "successes" measurement as the other one to be implemented. The "failure" measurement should still be capable of delivering a total value, if not all failure causes are supported or if the results are not requested for (all of) the failure causes in the set-up of the measurement job. + +Note that the principal problem, described above, also exists for measurements where sub-types are specified. + +## 4.4 Performance alarms + +Instead of, or in addition to, generating regular scheduled result reports, measurements may be administered in a way so as to supervise operator-defined thresholds. The thresholds are set when instantiating the measurements, and alarms are generated when the threshold value is crossed. These performance alarms are generated instead of, or in addition to, the generation of the scheduled result reports, as configured by the system operator. In UMTS, the alarms are sent to the OS via the Alarm IRP specified in TS 32.111-2 [21]. In GSM, according to implementation choice, the alarms are sent either via the Alarm IRP or via the Q3 interface specified in the GSM 12.xx series of specifications. Depending on the nature of the measurement (cumulative counter, status inspection, gauge, discrete event registration), the observed value, which is checked against the threshold, can only be derived at the end of a granularity period (status inspection and discrete event registration), and may have to be reset at the beginning of a new granularity period (cf. clause 4.2.2). + +A GSM, UMTS or LTE NE may also generate threshold alarms based on system-internal supervision of counters and their threshold values. Neither the threshold nor the counters can be administered, but they depend on internal system behaviour, defined by implementation. As the present document only specifies results and alarms based on manageable performance measurements, the system internal threshold alarms explained above are outside the scope of the present document and are solely within the realms of Fault Management. + +# 5 Functional requirements + +## 5.1 Introduction + +This clause describes all basic functions to allow the system operator to have measurement data collected by the NEs and to forward the results to one or more OS(s), i.e. EM and/or NM. All functions are gathered to provide the system operator with the means to administer, plan, execute measurements and to store and evaluate the measurement results. + +Building on the concept established in clause 4 of the present document, the following clauses further specify the requirements that all standard GSM, UMTS and LTE implementations shall comply to. + +## 5.2 Basic functions + +The Performance Management concept as applicable in the present document is based on the general framework for 3G-telecom management defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. A particular feature of this general framework is the existence of the fully standardised interface labelled "Itf-N", that connects the network with the Network Manager (NM). In the context of Performance Management, Itf-N can be used for: + +- the transfer of files containing performance measurement result data generated in the network; +- the emission of "performance alarms" (notifications). + +It should be pointed out that, on the network side, Itf-N may be implemented either in the NEs or in the EM, according to vendor choice. + +As an example, figure 1 outlines this concept in the context of the UTRAN. + +As the O&M functions for NodeB are partitioned into Logical and Implementation Specific O&M (see 3GPP TR 32.800 [20]), it should be understood that the functionalities described in the present document are completely within the scope of Implementation Specific O&M. This implies that no information pertaining to measurement administration and result transfer, as described here, is exchanged between the RNC and NodeB via the Iub interface. Such information may, however, be sent or received by the NodeB over the Iub physical bearer, see 3GPP + +document. + +TS 25.442 [4]. + +![Figure 1: UTRAN Performance management concept diagram. The diagram shows a Network Manager at the top connected via an Itf-N interface to an Element Management Platform(s) below. The platform contains a NodeB Management System and an RNC Management System. Below the platform, multiple NodeBs and RNCs are shown. NodeBs connect to the NodeB Management System via an itf-B interface. RNCs connect to the RNC Management System via an Itf-R interface. There is also an Iub interface between NodeBs and RNCs. A note indicates an 'Option to switch O&M traffic via RNC'. On the right, two brackets label the top section as 'Measurement Result Aggregation, Transfer & Presentation' and the bottom section as 'Measurement Data Collection'.](9b9d2abd741ed4bafe7f78f89961c663_img.jpg) + +Figure 1: UTRAN Performance management concept diagram. The diagram shows a Network Manager at the top connected via an Itf-N interface to an Element Management Platform(s) below. The platform contains a NodeB Management System and an RNC Management System. Below the platform, multiple NodeBs and RNCs are shown. NodeBs connect to the NodeB Management System via an itf-B interface. RNCs connect to the RNC Management System via an Itf-R interface. There is also an Iub interface between NodeBs and RNCs. A note indicates an 'Option to switch O&M traffic via RNC'. On the right, two brackets label the top section as 'Measurement Result Aggregation, Transfer & Presentation' and the bottom section as 'Measurement Data Collection'. + +**Figure 1: UTRAN Performance management concept** + +The basic requirement from an NE for measurements is to collect data according to the definition of the measurement jobs and to provide results to at least one OS (EM and/or NM). The data collected in the NE shall be made available for collection by or transfer to the OS(s) according to the schedule defined by the measurement job parameters. The NE shall be able to supply the result data at least to the NM if the Itf-N is implemented in the NEs, result provision from the NE to the EM is optional in this case. The NE shall be able to provide the result data to the EM if the Itf-N is implemented in the EM. + +The EM shall be able to administer the measurements, e.g. create/delete measurement jobs and define their schedules. If the measurement results are transferred from the NEs to the EM, then the EM can control: + +- the immediate ("real time") transfer of scheduled reports from the NE to the EM; +- the storage of scheduled reports in the NE; and +- deferred retrieval by the EM of scheduled reports stored in the NE. + +In GSM, the optional Q3 interface specified in 3GPP TS 52.402 [22] can be used to perform these functions, while in UMTS, they are executed through a proprietary interface. Depending on the implementation option chosen for the Itf-N, the EM and/or NM may be involved in the control of the measurement result transfer to the NM. + +document. + +The basic functions of the NM are beyond the scope of the present document. However, any NM that supports the network functions as described here must provide the NM side of the Itf-N, and the ability to handle the measurement result data that it receives, according to the file format(s) specified in the Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29]. The measurement result data may then be used in its original form or post-processed according to the system operator requirements. It is further anticipated that NM systems will have sophisticated functions for the management, preparation and presentation of the measurement result data in various forms. + +The following clause summarises the measurement administration functions required in GSM, UMTS and LTE networks. They are then specified in more detail in clauses 5.x below. + +**(Performance) measurement administration functions** allow the system operator, using functions of the EM, to determine measurement data collection in the network and forwarding of the results to one or more OS(s). + +**(Performance) measurement administration functions** cover: + +- 1) measurement data collection requirements: + - **measurement types.** Corresponds to the measurements as defined in TS 52.402 [22], 3GPP TS 32.405 [32], TS 32.406 [33], TS 32.407 [34], TS 32.408 [35], TS 32.409 [36], TS 32.425 [37], TS 32.426 [38], 32.452 [39] and 32.453 [40] or defined by other standards bodies, or manufacturer defined measurement types; + - **measured network resources.** The resource(s) to which the measurement types shall be applied have to be specified, e.g. one or more NodeB(s); + - **measurement recording,** consisting of periods of time at which the NE is collecting (that is, making available in the NE) measurement data. +- 2) measurement reporting requirements: + - this allows the system operator to specify the measurement related information to be reported, if required (e.g. omitting zero valued counts).. The frequency at which scheduled result reports shall be generated also has to be defined, if it may deviate from the granularity period. Particular functions, which exceed the requirements set out in the present document, are provided if the optional Q3 interface specified in 3GPP TS 52.402 [22] is implemented for GSM. +- 3) measurement result transfer requirements: + - The result transfer requirements in the present document are limited to the file based Itf-N, used to forward the measurement results to the NM. If Itf-N is implemented in the EM, then measurement results can be transferred from the NE to the EM, and/or they are stored locally in the NE and can be retrieved when required. If Itf-N is implemented in the NEs, then the PM result files are sent directly from the NE to the NM, involving control by the EM as required, The EM shall support all administration functions necessary to fulfil the above result transfer requirement.; + - measurement results can be stored in the network (NEs or EM, depending on implementation option chosen for Itf-N) for retrieval by the NM when required. + +**A (performance) measurement job,** covers the measurement data collection as described in point 1 above. If the Q3 interface for GSM is implemented, it also covers the measurement reporting requirements, as described in point 2 above. In UMTS, the reporting requirements may be covered by the measurement job, or they may be administered per NE, per management domain, or per EM, as chosen by the vendor. It is up to the implementation whether requirements for the result transfer or the local storage of results are specified within the measurement job, particularly since the use of standard protocols, such as FTP, is foreseen. + +A measurement job can be created, modified, displayed or deleted by the EM. In addition, measurement job activities in the NE can be suspended and resumed on request of the EM. + +The system operator shall specify the required measurement parameters upon initiation of a measurement job. These parameters consist of, among others, recording schedule, granularity, and measurement type(s), as listed above. + +document. + +A standard set of measurements that generate the required data is defined in 3GPP TS 52.402 [22] for GSM, in 3GPP TS 32.405 [32], TS 32.406 [33], TS 32.407 [34], TS 32.408 [35] for UMTS and combined GSM/UMTS systems, in TS 32.409 [36] for IMS, in TS 32.425 [37] for E-UTRAN, in TS 32.426 [38] for EPC, in TS 32.452 [39] for Home Node B (HNB) Subsystem (HNS) and in TS 32.453 [40] for Home enhanced Node B (HeNB) Subsystem (HeNS). However, a significant number of additional measurements is expected from real implementations. These will mainly consist of measurements for the underlying technologies, which are not 3G specific, such as ATM or IP, but is also due to specific vendor implementations. While the NM interface (Itf-N) for result transfer of both standard and non-standard measurements is fully standardised Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29], the interface between EM and NE is only standardised in functional terms. In UMTS, implementation details of this interface are vendor specific. In GSM, it may be implementation specific or implemented in compliance with the OSI interface specified in 3GPP TS 52.402 [22]. + +## 5.3 Plug & Measure + +To be completed in a later Release. + +## 5.4 Measurement jobs + +Measurement jobs may be only visible at the (proprietary) interface between the EM and the NE. Measurement job administration functions in the EM may hide the measurement jobs from the user interface by providing higher levels of abstraction for the benefit of ease of use. + +When defining a measurement job, the following aspects have to be considered. + +### 5.4.1 Measurement job characteristics + +#### 5.4.1.1 Measurement types + +Every measurement job consists of one or more measurement types (as defined in Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29]), for which it collects measurement data. The measurement type(s) contained in a job may apply to one or more network resources of the same type, e.g. a measurement job may be related to one or several NodeB(s). A measurement job will only produce results for the measurement type(s) it contains. + +#### 5.4.1.2 Measurement sub-types + +Many of the measurement types specified produce single result values, i.e. the measurement is characterised by a single measurement type as specified in TS 52.402 [22], TS 32.405 [32], TS 32.406 [33], TS 32.407 [34], TS 32.408 [35], TS 32.409 [36], TS 32.425 [37], TS 32.426 [38], TS 32.452 [39] and TS 32.453 [40]. In other cases, however, the event or procedure being measured can be characterised by several sub-types, or, depending on the measurement definition, by several causes, e.g. successful termination of a procedure and unsuccessful termination for all failure causes. As far as a measurement type is defined to capture per cause information of the event or procedure being measured, the causes and cause codes are specified in "other" 3GPP TSs, i.e. in the TS defining the procedure being measured. In other cases, the sub-types are specified in the measurement type definitions in TS 52.402 [22], TS 32.405 [32], TS 32.406 [33], TS 32.407 [34], TS 32.408 [35], TS 32.409 [36], TS 32.425 [37], TS 32.426 [38], TS 32.452 [39] and TS 32.453 [40]. For UMTS systems, combined UMTS/GSM systems and for LTE systems, this information is described in detail in the measurement definition templates, see TS 32.404 [31]. + +Per cause measurements, where the causes are defined in the 3GPP TS that specifies the procedure or event being measured, may lead in certain cases to a huge number of measurement sub-types which will increase substantially the size of the measurement result file. Since not all per cause measurements may be useful for the system operator, two options are possible for the management of the corresponding measurement sub-types: + +- support all the sub-types corresponding to the cause codes defined in the 3GPP TS that specifies the procedure or event being measured. In that case, the sum over the result values of all supported per cause measurements is equal to the total sum across all defined sub-types, and therefore no sum value shall be provided in the measurement result files. +- support only a subset of the causes (allowed only if the cause codes are specified in "other" 3GPP TSs). In that case, the first value of the result sequence in the measurement result files must be the total sum across all the sub-types as defined in the "other" 3GPP TS, which may then be different from the sum over the result values of the supported sub-types. The keyword *.sum* placed behind the measurement type is used to identify the sum subtype. + +document. + +If the definition of a measurement refers to specific failure causes or other sub-types then care shall be taken to assess which causes or sub-types are included. The choice of the supported causes/sub-types in the above cases is manufacturer dependent. Measurement job administration in the EM may also allow the system operators to select the sub-types of the measurement types that make up the measurement job, otherwise all sub-types supported by an implementation are included. + +#### 5.4.1.3 Measurement schedule + +The measurement schedule specifies the time frames during which the measurement job will be active. The measurement job is active as soon as the starttime - if supplied in the schedule - is reached. The system shall support a job starttime of up to at least 30 days from the job creation date. If no starttime is provided, the measurement job shall become active immediately. The measurement job remains active until the stoptime - if supplied in the schedule - is reached. If no job stoptime is specified the measurement job will run indefinitely and can only be stopped by EM intervention, i.e. by deleting or suspending the measurement job. + +The time frame defined by the measurement schedule may contain one or more recording intervals. These recording intervals may repeat on a daily and/or weekly basis and specify the time periods during which the measurement data is collected within the NE. A recording interval is identified by an interval starttime and an interval endtime, which lie between 00.00 and 24.00 hours, aligned on granularity period boundaries. Thus the length of a recording interval will be a multiple of the granularity period. For a single measurement type it shall be possible to specify several measurement jobs with different recording intervals as long as these intervals do not overlap. If it is required that a measurement type be observed by multiple measurement jobs with overlapping schedules then the system shall support multiple instances of that measurement type. + +#### 5.4.1.4 Granularity period + +The granularity period is the time between the initiation of two successive gatherings of measurement data. + +Valid values for the granularity period are 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour. The minimum granularity period is 5 minutes in most cases, but for some measurements it may only make sense to collect data in a larger granularity period. The granularity period shall be synchronised on the full hour, but its value is not required to be changeable during the lifetime of the job. + +#### 5.4.1.5 Measurement reporting + +Each measurement job running on an NE produces scheduled measurement reports (measurement records) at the end of each granularity period, and contains the information as requested by the system operator. This information consists of: + +- an identification of the measurement job that generated the report; +- an identification of the involved measurement type(s) and the measured network resource(s) (e.g. NodeB); +- a time stamp, referring to the end of the granularity period; +- for each measurement type, the result value(s) and an indication of the validity of the result value(s); +- an indication if the scan is not complete, and the reason why the scan could not be completed. + +The exact layout of the measurement reports (measurement records) generated by the NEs may be vendor specific. Multiple measurement reports shall be collated, based on reporting period, into a measurement result file for transfer, e.g from the NE or the EM. The file format of this aggregated file is specified by Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29]. Clause 5.5.2 specifies how these reports can be transferred to the destination EM and/or NM. + +#### 5.4.1.6 Illustration of the measurement scheduling principles + +The diagram below gives an example of a NE which runs a measurement job, with a 15 minute granularity period, that + +document. + +has a recording interval start and end time, respectively, of 12:00 and 14:00. + +![Figure 2: A timeline diagram illustrating the measurement job lifecycle. A horizontal axis represents 'Time' with tick marks every 15 minutes. A green double-headed arrow labeled 'Recording Interval' spans from 12:00 to 14:00. A black arrow labeled 'Full Hour' points to a tick mark before 12:00. At 12:00, a vertical dashed line is labeled 'Create or Resume measurement Job' and 'Measurement collection starts'. A red double-headed arrow labeled 'Granularity Period' starts at 12:00 and ends at 12:15. A blue arrow labeled 'Result Transfer' points from the end of the granularity period to a dotted line. A black arrow labeled 'Results computed' points to the end of the granularity period. At 14:00, a vertical dashed line is labeled 'Measurement collection stops'.](09955ff8214ffb6947951fc0f60eb6ab_img.jpg) + +Figure 2: A timeline diagram illustrating the measurement job lifecycle. A horizontal axis represents 'Time' with tick marks every 15 minutes. A green double-headed arrow labeled 'Recording Interval' spans from 12:00 to 14:00. A black arrow labeled 'Full Hour' points to a tick mark before 12:00. At 12:00, a vertical dashed line is labeled 'Create or Resume measurement Job' and 'Measurement collection starts'. A red double-headed arrow labeled 'Granularity Period' starts at 12:00 and ends at 12:15. A blue arrow labeled 'Result Transfer' points from the end of the granularity period to a dotted line. A black arrow labeled 'Results computed' points to the end of the granularity period. At 14:00, a vertical dashed line is labeled 'Measurement collection stops'. + +Figure 2 + +- At 12:00 the measurement job starts collecting data for its defined measurements. +- At 12:15, and every 15 minutes during the Recording Interval, the results for the measurements will be computed from the data gathered over the previous 15 minutes, and measurement reporting occurs as specified in clause 5.3.1.4. +- Beginning at 12:15, the results for the expired granularity periods may be sent to a destination OS. +- At 14:00 the measurement job activity is terminated for this recording interval. + +### 5.4.2 Measurement job state and status attributes + +Void. + +### 5.4.3 Measurement job administration + +Measurement jobs can be administered by the EM according to the following stipulations. + +**Creating a measurement job:** On creation of a measurement job, all information has to be supplied in order to collect the required data from the selected network resources as specified by the measurement job characteristics (see clause 5.4.1). + +**Modifying a measurement job:** In general, the modification of measurement job parameters may be requested by the EM during the lifetime of a measurement job when the job is suspended (explained below). + +**Displaying a measurement job:** The system operator shall be able to get a list of all measurements that are currently defined, together with all available actual information as stored in the NE. This information consists of the data that is supplied on creation/modification and the actual state and status information of the measurement job. + +**Deleting a measurement job:** A measurement job is automatically deleted by the system when it reaches the job endtime and all scheduled measurement reports have been generated. A created measurement job can also be deleted by manual intervention at any time. When deleted, the measurement process associated with the job is stopped, and all allocated resources are freed. + +**Suspending/resuming a measurement job:** On normal operation, the measurement job collects measurement data within the NE according to the actual values of the measurement job parameters. However, the system operator may + +document. + +decide for some reason to discard temporarily the collection of measurement data (e.g. in case of system overload or congestion, measurement results temporarily not used,...). The system operator therefore is able to suspend a defined measurement job at any time. This implies that the measurement job definition remains in the system, but that no measurement gathering activities are performed for this job. When the measurement job is resumed, measurement data collection is started again at the next granularity period within the measurement schedule. In addition to the suspend operation which may be triggered by the operator, the system may selectively suspend one or more measurement jobs in case of overload. When a measurement job is suspended, a “job suspended” notification shall then be generated so that the Network Manager(s) will be warned of such an event. + +## 5.5 Measurement results + +### 5.5.1 Measurement result characteristics + +During its specified recording intervals, each measurement job produces a result at the end of the granularity period if it is not suspended. Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29] provides for each measurement type that is specified within the present document a description of the expected measurement result. + +Measurement results for all measurements of a particular measurement job are gathered in a single report at the end of the granularity period. The report may contain - in addition to the specific measurement results - fixed information, which is global for all measurement results associated with that measurement job, such as an identification of the involved network resources and a time stamp referring to the time at which the NE started collecting the measurement results. If measurement results are sent to the EM then the exact format may be vendor specific. For details about the standard file format for the transfer of measurement results to the NM via Itf-N Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29]. + +Once the result reports have been generated, they shall be stored locally within the NE if so requested by the EM/system operator. The storage capacity and duration as well as the method how the data may be deleted from the NE will be implementation dependent. + +If some or all of the requested measurement data cannot be collected by a measurement job, this shall be indicated in the measurement report, cf. clause 5.4.1.5. In extreme cases, no report at all can be generated by the measurement job. This means that the destination of the result report (EM and/or NM) shall be capable of coping with missing or incomplete measurement reports. + +### 5.5.2 Transfer of measurement results + +During the recording intervals specified for a measurement job, scheduled measurement reports are generated at the end of each granularity period if the measurement job is not suspended. These reports can be transferred to the EM in either of two ways: + +- 1) immediate notifications: + - the reports are automatically forwarded to the EM at the end of the granularity period. +- 2) deferred retrieval: + - the reports are stored locally in the NE, where they can be retrieved when required. + +For each individual report, the transfer of measurement results in either one or both ways is to be established by the system operator, i.e. under the control of the EM. The actual control of the result transfer and the mechanisms applied may be implementation specific. + +Each implementation shall support a file transfer facility to an external OS (i.e. not supplied by the NE vendor), such as an NM. This facility shall be implemented using either the FTAM ISO 8751 [7], (T)FTP protocol or FTIRP([30]). This interface may be located either in the NEs or the EM, as chosen by the vendor. As a result, it may not at all be necessary to transfer measurement result reports to the EM, if: + +- the NM interface is implemented in the NEs, and +- the Operator chooses to post-process measurement results only in the NM. + +document. + +Details of the file format to be used on the NM interface can be found in Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29]. The measurement report file conventions and transfer procedure are also specified in Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29]. + +The results of the measurement job can be forwarded to the EM in either of two standard ways: + +- 1) the scheduled result reports generated by the NE (notifications) can be sent to the EM as soon as they are available; +- 2) the reports can be stored in the NE (files) and transferred to or retrieved by the EM when required. + +It shall be possible for the EM to specify the details for its result retrieval as a part of the measurement administration. + +Measurement results can be forwarded to the NM via a bulk transfer interface. It is an implementation option whether this interface resides in the EM or the NEs. Depending on the implementation, the control of the bulk transfer of measurement results to the NM may involve the EM and/or the NM. See Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29] for details. + +In a network with more than one OS (e.g. EM and NM) the data produced may be required by several OSs. It is therefore necessary to support the possibility for multiple destinations for transfer of data. + +All scenarios for the result transfer, as far as they are relevant for standardisation of 3G systems, are defined above. It should be noted that, depending on an Operator's needs, measurement results may have to be transferred to the EM only, the NM only, or both. Depending on a vendor's implementation, measurement results may be transferred to the NM directly from the NE or via the EM. This implies that not all of the result transfer options described above shall be implemented in all cases, however, those procedures that are implemented shall comply with the present document. A detailed specification of the measurement result transfer to the NM can be found in Performance Measurement File Format Definition 3GPP TS 32.432 [29]. + +## 5.6 Usage of Alarm IRP for performance alarms + +Performance alarms allow Network Operators to be quickly informed of significant PM-related events. Authorized users can (a) set the measurement thresholds and (b) define the characteristics of related performance alarm notifications (e.g. perceivedSeverity). (a) Crossing or (b) reaching of thresholds shall result in the emission of a performance alarm notification. + +Performance alarms may be defined against any managed object supporting measurement definitions, e.g. UtranCell, SgsnFunction. The source object of the performance alarm shall be the source object instance of the measurement that caused the alarm. Upon threshold (a) crossing or (b) reaching, the subscribed users (i.e. Notification IRP Managers) shall be notified via the Alarm IRP and Notification IRP. The Alarm IRP and Notification IRP are described in TS 32.111-2 [21] and TS 32.302 [11]. + +All parameters of the alarm notification as described in TS 32.111-2 [21] can be used for performance alarms. This information shall be provided by the PM application as the user of the Alarm IRP, with respect to at least the event type, probable cause, perceived severity, and thresholdinfo, plus all other user supplied mandatory parameters of the alarm notification. The parameter thresholdinfo shall be present for all performance alarm notifications and shall contain information pertinent to the context in which the performance alarm was triggered. + +The thresholdinfo parameter shall provide the following information: + +- The identifier of the measurement which (a) crossed or (b) reached the threshold +- The value of the measurement +- The threshold (a) crossing or (b) reaching direction (up or down) +- The threshold value (if hysteresis thresholds are supported, both raise and clear trigger values are provided) + +Once a performance alarm has been raised, it shall be managed as other kinds of alarms, e.g., acknowledged, unacknowledged or annotated. Performance alarms may not be cleared manually (i.e., via the ADMC [automatic detection and manual clearing], see 3GPP TS 32.111-1" [12]). Performance alarms shall be cleared when the threshold is (a) crossed or (b) reached in the opposite direction to the one that triggers the alarm. + +document. + +## 5.7 Threshold Management + +To be able to monitor the overall health of the network, authorized users will have to set the thresholds used for generating Performance Alarms (see section 5.6). It is the Operator’s responsibility to ensure that threshold values are defined appropriately in order to detect performance degradations before they become service affecting. + +An alarm threshold may be defined for one or more instances of a managed object class supporting measurements. The threshold will be monitored based on a monitor granularity period, where the monitor granularity period is a multiple of measurements collection granularity period. Following threshold creation, it shall be possible to query the threshold information defined for an object instance. + +The threshold definition shall allow the user to assign up to four different severity levels (critical, major, minor, warning) based on different threshold values. The threshold direction should also be defined as increasing or decreasing, according to which direction raises the Performance Alarm. More generally, any Performance Management specific parameters of the triggered alarm notification as described in TS 32.111-2 [21] will be specified within the threshold configuration information. + +All performance measurement types are available for threshold management. When defining thresholds, the user shall be able to select from any of the performance measurement types relevant for the object instance to which the threshold applies. + +Thresholds are evaluated as performance data become available. For each measurement type, the current value is checked against the defined alarm threshold(s). Depending upon the previous value for this measurement type, a new alarm, a changed alarm or a clear alarm may be raised upon the (a) crossing or (b) reaching of this threshold. + +The behaviour of performance alarms shall be the same as that of the AlarmIRP ([21]). + +The threshold value for cumulative counters should be a rate of variation defined in an independent way of the monitor granularity period, e.g. an alarm could be triggered when PDP context activation requests are received at a rate exceeding 20 requests/s. + +The following figure describes examples of threshold crossing for a Cumulative Counter measurement type in the context the changed alarm is supported: + +- At T1, a new alarm notification A1 (minor) is generated when Level 1 is crossed +- At T2, a changed alarm notification A1 (critical) is generated when Level 2 and 3 are crossed +- At T3, a changed alarm notification A1 (minor) is generated when Level 3 and 2 are crossed +- At T4, a cleared alarm notification A1 is generated when Level 1 is crossed + +![Figure 3: Examples of rate-based threshold crossings for a CC measurement type. The graph shows 'Rate value' on the y-axis and 'Time' on the x-axis. The y-axis has three horizontal dashed lines labeled 'Level 1', 'Level 2', and 'Level 3'. The x-axis has four time points: T1, T2, T3, and T4. A solid line represents the 'Cumulative Counter value', which is a step function. A dashed line represents the 'Rate of CC value', which is a sawtooth wave. At T1, the CC value steps up to Level 1, and the rate crosses Level 1. At T2, the CC value steps up to Level 3, and the rate crosses Level 2 and 3. At T3, the CC value steps down to Level 2, and the rate crosses Level 3 and 2. At T4, the CC value steps down to Level 1, and the rate crosses Level 1. A 'Monitor Granularity Period' is indicated between T2 and T3. A box labeled 'notification generated' contains a sawtooth wave.](7845e4a1721d13270589354181ec62c9_img.jpg) + +Figure 3: Examples of rate-based threshold crossings for a CC measurement type. The graph shows 'Rate value' on the y-axis and 'Time' on the x-axis. The y-axis has three horizontal dashed lines labeled 'Level 1', 'Level 2', and 'Level 3'. The x-axis has four time points: T1, T2, T3, and T4. A solid line represents the 'Cumulative Counter value', which is a step function. A dashed line represents the 'Rate of CC value', which is a sawtooth wave. At T1, the CC value steps up to Level 1, and the rate crosses Level 1. At T2, the CC value steps up to Level 3, and the rate crosses Level 2 and 3. At T3, the CC value steps down to Level 2, and the rate crosses Level 3 and 2. At T4, the CC value steps down to Level 1, and the rate crosses Level 1. A 'Monitor Granularity Period' is indicated between T2 and T3. A box labeled 'notification generated' contains a sawtooth wave. + +Figure 3: Examples of rate-based threshold crossings for a CC measurement type + +document. + +For **gauge** measurements, the observed value of a gauge at the end of the monitor granularity period is compared to the threshold value. + +The following figure describes examples of threshold crossing for a Gauge measurement type in the context the changed alarm is supported: + +- At T1, a new alarm notification A1 (minor) is generated when Level 1 is crossed +- At T2, a changed alarm notification A1 (major) is generated when Level 2 is crossed +- At T3, a cleared alarm notification A1 is generated when Level 2 and 1 are crossed + +![Figure 4: Examples of threshold crossing for a Gauge measurement type. The graph shows 'Gauge value' on the y-axis and 'Time' on the x-axis. Three horizontal dashed lines represent threshold levels: Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3. A step-like line represents the gauge value. It starts below Level 1, crosses Level 1 at T1, crosses Level 2 at T2, and drops below Level 1 at T3. A 'Monitor Granularity Period' is indicated by a double-headed arrow between T1 and T2. A callout box labeled 'notification generated' shows a jagged arrow pointing to the threshold crossings at T1 and T2.](62a4c9055642dbb00663e633332f04d3_img.jpg) + +Figure 4: Examples of threshold crossing for a Gauge measurement type. The graph shows 'Gauge value' on the y-axis and 'Time' on the x-axis. Three horizontal dashed lines represent threshold levels: Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3. A step-like line represents the gauge value. It starts below Level 1, crosses Level 1 at T1, crosses Level 2 at T2, and drops below Level 1 at T3. A 'Monitor Granularity Period' is indicated by a double-headed arrow between T1 and T2. A callout box labeled 'notification generated' shows a jagged arrow pointing to the threshold crossings at T1 and T2. + +**Figure 4: Examples of threshold crossing for a Gauge measurement type** + +In order to avoid repeatedly triggering Performance Alarms around a particular threshold level, an hysteresis mechanism may also be provided by defining threshold levels in pairs (high levels and low levels). In that case, the high level value shall be greater than or equal to the low level value. + +For each pair of high and low threshold levels, one of them shall generate an alarm notification, and the other shall generate an alarm clear notification. If the direction of the threshold is increasing, a new alarm will not be generated before the measurement value has (a) crossed or (b) reached the high level threshold value. Furthermore, the alarm will not be cleared before the measurement value has reached the low level threshold value. For decreasing thresholds, the opposite is applied. The alarm notification shall always be generated before the alarm clear notification. The hysteresis mechanism can be used for both Gauges and Cumulative Counters thresholds. + +The following figure describes examples of threshold crossings with hysteresis for a Gauge measurement type in the context the changed alarm is supported: + +- At T1, a new alarm notification A1 (e.g. minor) is generated when notifyHigh1 is reached +- At T2, a changed alarm notification A1 (e.g. major) is generated when notifyHigh2 is reached +- At T3, a changed alarm notification A1(e.g. minor) is generated when notifyLow2 is reached +- At T4, a cleared alarm notification A1 is generated when notifyLow1 is reached +- At T5, a new alarm notification A2 is generated when notifyHigh1 is reached + +document. + +![A graph showing Gauge value over Time with threshold crossings and notifications. The y-axis is labeled 'Gauge value' and has four horizontal dashed lines representing thresholds: NotifyHigh, NotifyLow2, NotifyHigh1, and NotifyLow1. The x-axis is labeled 'Time' and has markers T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5. A 'Monitor Granularity Period' is indicated between T2 and T3. The graph shows a step-like line representing the gauge value. Notifications are indicated by arrows pointing to threshold crossings: at T1 (NotifyLow1), T2 (NotifyHigh), T3 (NotifyLow2), T4 (NotifyHigh1), and T5 (NotifyLow1). A legend box in the top right shows a sawtooth arrow and the text 'notification generated'.](6e5a85131eedf6b98db62877ee64506e_img.jpg) + +A graph showing Gauge value over Time with threshold crossings and notifications. The y-axis is labeled 'Gauge value' and has four horizontal dashed lines representing thresholds: NotifyHigh, NotifyLow2, NotifyHigh1, and NotifyLow1. The x-axis is labeled 'Time' and has markers T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5. A 'Monitor Granularity Period' is indicated between T2 and T3. The graph shows a step-like line representing the gauge value. Notifications are indicated by arrows pointing to threshold crossings: at T1 (NotifyLow1), T2 (NotifyHigh), T3 (NotifyLow2), T4 (NotifyHigh1), and T5 (NotifyLow1). A legend box in the top right shows a sawtooth arrow and the text 'notification generated'. + +**Figure 5: Examples of threshold crossings with hysteresis for a Gauge measurement type** + +For a threshold crossing with hysteresis example of Cumulative Counter measurement type, the monitored value for the alarms generation would be the derivative of the CC value, i.e. its rate of variation. + +For DER and SI, the value of the counter will be calculated over the complete monitor granularity period. For SI, the counter will be sampled at regular time intervals and the mean value over the monitor granularity period will be calculated and compared with the threshold. For DER type, the threshold is compared with the mean value of all observations collected during the monitor granularity period. For a DER type, if no observations are made during the monitor granularity period then the DER will have a value of NULL. No valid comparison with a threshold can be made in this case. If an alarm has previously been detected it will remain outstanding. + +The following figure describes examples of threshold crossings for a DER measurement type in the context the changed alarm is supported: + +- At T1, a new alarm notification A1 (minor) is generated when Level 1 is crossed +- At T2, a changed alarm notification A1 (major) is generated when Level 2 is crossed +- At T3, a cleared alarm notification A1 is generated when Level 1 is crossed + +document. + +28 Error! No text of specified style in + +Error! No text of specified style in + +![Figure 6: Examples of threshold crossings for a DER measurement type. The graph shows Mean value vs Time with three levels (Level1, Level2, Level3). It features two step-like lines: a dashed line for 'Observation value' and a solid line for 'notification generated'. Threshold crossings are marked with arrows. A 'Monitor Granularity Period' is indicated between T1 and T2.](85b10db535b22e64c7d37f362705ddbf_img.jpg) + +The figure is a line graph illustrating threshold crossings for a DER measurement type. The vertical axis is labeled 'Mean value' and has three horizontal dashed lines representing thresholds: 'Level1', 'Level2', and 'Level3'. The horizontal axis is labeled 'Time' and has three time points: 'T1', 'T2', and 'T3'. A 'Monitor Granularity Period' is indicated by a double-headed arrow between T1 and T2. + +There are two data series: 'Observation value' (dashed line) and 'notification generated' (solid line). The 'Observation value' starts at Level1, rises to Level2 before T1, then to Level3 between T1 and T2, then drops back to Level2 at T2, and finally to Level1 at T3. The 'notification generated' line follows a similar pattern but with a delay, showing upward arrows when crossing thresholds upwards and downward arrows when crossing downwards. Specifically, it shows a notification at T1 crossing Level2, another between T1 and T2 crossing Level3, and another at T3 crossing Level1. + +A legend in the top right shows a solid line with an upward arrow and the text 'notification generated'. The dashed line is labeled 'Observation value' at the bottom right. + +Figure 6: Examples of threshold crossings for a DER measurement type. The graph shows Mean value vs Time with three levels (Level1, Level2, Level3). It features two step-like lines: a dashed line for 'Observation value' and a solid line for 'notification generated'. Threshold crossings are marked with arrows. A 'Monitor Granularity Period' is indicated between T1 and T2. + +**Figure 6: Examples of threshold crossings for a DER measurement type** + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| June 2001 | SA_12 | SP-010237 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #12 for Information. | -- | -- | 1.0.0 | +| June 2001 | -- | -- | -- | -- | MCC editorials | -- | 1.0.0 | 1.0.1 | +| Sep 2001 | SA_13 | SP-010467 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #13 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 4.0.0 | +| Dec 2001 | SA_14 | SP-010638 | 0001 | -- | Correction of declaration in XML header | A | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | +| Mar 2002 | SA_15 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-5 (no Rel-5 CR) | -- | 4.1.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Sep 2002 | SA_17 | SP-020502 | 0003 | -- | Description of Alarm IRP usage for performance alarms | C | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Sep 2002 | SA_17 | SP-020502 | 0004 | -- | Addition of measurement file XML schema and miscellaneous alignments with CM | B | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Jun 2003 | SA_20 | SP-030291 | 0006 | -- | Clarification of NE file generation behaviour in case of multiple granularity periods | A | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| Jun 2003 | SA_20 | SP-030291 | 0008 | -- | Correction of Measurement Result File Name Definition for alignment with Windows based systems | A | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| Sep 2003 | SA_21 | SP-030430 | 0009 | -- | Addition of "jobId" and "reportingPeriod" parameters in the file format definition | C | 5.2.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Sep 2003 | SA_21 | SP-030430 | 0010 | -- | Removal of measurement job state and status attributes | C | 5.2.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Sep 2003 | SA_21 | SP-030430 | 0011 | -- | Refinement of the conditions for setting "suspect flag" | B | 5.2.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Dec 2003 | SA_22 | SP-030755 | 0012 | 1 | Add requirements for Measurement Job overload management | B | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Jun 2004 | SA_24 | SP-040265 | 0015 | -- | Correction in requirement for granularity periods | A | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040572 | 0018 | -- | Correction of measObjInstId and measType length limitations in the Measurement Report File Format | A | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040573 | 0019 | -- | Removal of XML DTD file format definitions | C | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040573 | 0020 | -- | Add jobId in PM file name | B | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| Dec 2004 | SA_26 | SP-040783 | 0021 | -- | Removal of annexes from Performance Management Concepts and Requirements | D | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Dec 2004 | SA_26 | SP-040783 | 0022 | -- | Add requirements for Threshold Management | B | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Feb 2005 | -- | -- | -- | -- | History box clean-up to show only the 32401 Dec 2004 CRs | -- | 6.4.0 | 6.4.1 | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060260 | 0024 | -- | Update an obsolete reference related to the Rel-7 withdrawn 32.403 | F | 6.4.1 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2007 | SA_38 | SP-070734 | 0025 | 1 | R7 CR 32.401-700 Correct definition of counter type Discrete Event Registration (DER) - Align with 32.404 | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Upgrade to Release 9 | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SA_49 | SP-100488 | 0027 | -- | Remove restriction from PM file type for NE | F | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| May 2011 | SA_52 | SP-110285 | 0029 | 1 | Add missing references to performance measurements TSs and remove obsolete references. Add missing text referring to LTE. | F | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SA_54 | SP-110706 | 0030 | - | Remove outdated text and correct faulty section references | F | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | | 10.2.0 | 11.0.0 | + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|---------|-----------|------|-----|-----|------------------------------------|-------------| +| Date | Meeting | TDoc | CR | Rev | Cat | Subject/Comment | New version | +| 2017-06 | SA#76 | SP-170494 | 0037 | - | F | Correction of internal references. | 11.1.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32406/226da964acee69b4d04409dc4c06a042_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32406/226da964acee69b4d04409dc4c06a042_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5d2bea7e9cc7610a95c9b7fc2a38f70b7f266a02 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32406/226da964acee69b4d04409dc4c06a042_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version 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+| 4.1.2.1 Attempted intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 17 | +| 4.1.2.2 Successful intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 18 | +| 4.1.2.3 Failed intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 18 | +| 4.1.3 GPRS detach procedures initiated by MS..... | 19 | +| 4.1.3.1 Attempted GPRS detach procedures initiated by MS..... | 19 | +| 4.1.4 GPRS detach procedures initiated by SGSN..... | 19 | +| 4.1.4.1 Attempted GPRS detach procedures initiated by SGSN..... | 19 | +| 4.1.4.2 Successful GPRS detach procedures initiated by SGSN..... | 20 | +| 4.1.5 Inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 20 | +| 4.1.5.1 Attempted inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 20 | +| 4.1.5.2 Successful inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 20 | +| 4.1.5.3 Failed inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 21 | +| 4.1.6 GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached..... | 21 | +| 4.1.6.1 Attempted GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached..... | 21 | +| 4.1.6.2 Successful GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached..... | 22 | +| 4.1.6.3 Failed GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached..... | 22 | +| 4.1.6.4 Aborted GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached..... | 23 | +| 4.1.7 IMSI detach procedures initiated by MS..... | 23 | +| 4.1.7.1 Attempted IMSI detach procedures initiated by MS..... | 23 | +| 4.1.8 Combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures..... | 24 | +| 4.1.8.1 Attempted combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures..... | 24 | +| 4.1.8.2 Successful combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures..... | 24 | +| 4.1.8.3 Failed combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures..... | 25 | +| 4.1.8.4 Aborted combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures..... | 25 | +| 4.1.9 Combined GPRS/IMSI detach procedures initiated by MS..... | 26 | +| 4.1.9.1 Attempted combined GPRS/IMSI detach procedures initiated by MS..... | 26 | +| 4.1.10 Combined RA/LA intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 26 | +| 4.1.10.1 Attempted combined RA/LA intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 26 | +| 4.1.10.2 Successful combined RA/LA intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 26 | +| 4.1.10.3 Failed combined RA/LA intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 27 | +| 4.1.11 "Combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 27 | +| 4.1.11.1 Attempted "combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 27 | +| 4.1.11.2 Failed "combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 28 | +| 4.1.12 Combined RA/LA inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 28 | +| 4.1.12.1 Attempted combined RA/LA inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 28 | +| 4.1.12.2 Successful combined RA/LA inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 29 | +| 4.1.12.3 Failed combined RA/LA inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 29 | +| 4.1.13 "Combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 30 | +| 4.1.13.1 Attempted "combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 30 | +| 4.1.13.2 Failed "combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures..... | 30 | + +| | | | +|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 4.1.14 | Number of received invalid P-TMSI's during detach..... | 31 | +| 4.1.15 | GSM PS paging procedures..... | 31 | +| 4.1.15.1 | Attempted GSM PS paging procedures..... | 31 | +| 4.1.15.2 | Successful GSM PS paging procedures..... | 31 | +| 4.1.15.3 | Failed GSM PS paging procedures..... | 32 | +| 4.1.16 | UMTS PS paging procedures..... | 32 | +| 4.1.16.1 | Attempted UMTS PS paging procedures..... | 32 | +| 4.1.16.2 | Successful UMTS PS paging procedures..... | 32 | +| 4.1.16.3 | Failed UMTS PS paging procedures..... | 33 | +| 4.1.17 | PS paging procedures with unknown access type..... | 33 | +| 4.1.17.1 | Attempted PS paging procedures with unknown access type..... | 33 | +| 4.1.18 | Number of PS paging message sends from 2G-SGSN to the MS..... | 33 | +| 4.1.19 | Number of PS paging message sends from 3G-SGSN to the MS..... | 34 | +| 4.1.20 | GSM subscribers state..... | 34 | +| 4.1.20.1 | Subscribers in STANDBY state..... | 34 | +| 4.1.20.1.1 | Number of subscribers in STANDBY state..... | 34 | +| 4.1.20.1.2 | Mean number of subscribers in STANDBY state..... | 34 | +| 4.1.20.1.3 | Max number of subscribers in STANDBY state..... | 34 | +| 4.1.20.2 | Subscribers in READY state..... | 35 | +| 4.1.20.2.1 | Number of subscribers in READY state..... | 35 | +| 4.1.20.2.2 | Mean number of subscribers in READY state..... | 35 | +| 4.1.20.2.3 | Max number of subscribers in READY state..... | 35 | +| 4.1.21 | UMTS subscribers state..... | 36 | +| 4.1.21.1 | Subscribers in PMM-IDLE state..... | 36 | +| 4.1.21.1.1 | Number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state..... | 36 | +| 4.1.21.1.2 | Mean number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state..... | 36 | +| 4.1.21.1.3 | Max number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state..... | 36 | +| 4.1.21.2 | Subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state..... | 37 | +| 4.1.21.2.1 | Number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state..... | 37 | +| 4.1.21.2.2 | Mean number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state..... | 37 | +| 4.1.21.2.3 | Max number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state..... | 37 | +| 4.1.22 | Attached subscribers..... | 37 | +| 4.1.22.1 | Number of attached subscribers..... | 37 | +| 4.1.22.2 | Mean number of attached subscribers..... | 38 | +| 4.1.22.3 | Max number of attached subscribers..... | 38 | +| 4.1.23 | Home subscribers..... | 39 | +| 4.1.23.1 | Number of home subscribers..... | 39 | +| 4.1.23.2 | Mean number of home subscribers..... | 39 | +| 4.1.23.3 | Max number of home subscribers..... | 40 | +| 4.1.24 | Visiting national subscribers..... | 40 | +| 4.1.24.1 | Number of visiting national subscribers..... | 40 | +| 4.1.24.2 | Mean number of visiting national subscribers..... | 40 | +| 4.1.24.3 | Max number of visiting national subscribers..... | 41 | +| 4.1.25 | Visiting foreign subscribers..... | 41 | +| 4.1.25.1 | Number of visiting foreign subscribers..... | 41 | +| 4.1.25.2 | Mean number of visiting foreign subscribers..... | 42 | +| 4.1.25.3 | Max number of visiting foreign subscribers..... | 42 | +| 4.1.26 | Void..... | 43 | +| 4.1.27 | Void..... | 43 | +| 4.1.28 | Void..... | 43 | +| 4.1.29 | Void..... | 43 | +| 4.1.30 | CAMEL subscribers..... | 43 | +| 4.1.30.1 | Number of CAMEL subscribers..... | 43 | +| 4.1.30.2 | Mean Number of CAMEL subscribers..... | 43 | +| 4.1.30.3 | Max number of CAMEL subscribers..... | 44 | +| 4.1.31 | Void..... | 44 | +| 4.1.32 | InsertSubscriberData requests received from a HLR during GPRS Update Location procedure..... | 44 | +| 4.1.32.1 | Attempted InsertSubscriberData requests received from a HLR during GPRS Update Location procedure..... | 44 | +| 4.1.33 | GPRS Update Locations sent to the HLR..... | 44 | +| 4.1.33.1 | Attempted GPRS Update Locations sent to the HLR..... | 44 | + +| | | | +|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 4.1.33.2 | Successful GPRS Update Locations returned from the HLR..... | 45 | +| 4.1.34 | Cancellation requests received from an HLR-operator, in case of a HLR-initiated Detach..... | 45 | +| 4.1.34.1 | Attempted Cancellation requests received from an HLR-operator, in case of a HLR-initiated Detach..... | 45 | +| 4.1.35 | Cancellation requests received from a HLR due to a SGSN-change (previous SGSN)..... | 45 | +| 4.1.35.1 | Attempted Cancellation requests received from a HLR due to a SGSN-change (previous SGSN)..... | 45 | +| 4.1.36 | Reset requests received from a HLR due to an HLR restart, indicating that a failure occurred..... | 46 | +| 4.1.36.1 | Attempted Reset requests received from a HLR due to an HLR restart, indicating that a failure occurred..... | 46 | +| 4.1.37 | Periodic Routing Area update procedures..... | 46 | +| 4.1.37.1 | Attempted periodic Routing Area update procedures..... | 46 | +| 4.1.37.2 | Successful periodic Routing Area update procedures..... | 46 | +| 4.1.37.3 | Failed Periodic Routing Area update procedures..... | 47 | +| 4.1.38 | Number of implicit detach procedure..... | 47 | +| 4.2 | Subscriber Management..... | 48 | +| 4.2.1 | Insert Subscriber Data requests received from a HLR due to an HLR-operator intervention..... | 48 | +| 4.2.1.1 | Attempted Insert Subscriber Data requests received from a HLR due to an HLR-operator intervention..... | 48 | +| 4.2.2 | Delete Subscriber Data requests received from a HLR due to an HLR-operator intervention..... | 48 | +| 4.2.2.1 | Attempted Delete Subscriber Data requests received from a HLR due to an HLR-operator intervention..... | 48 | +| 4.3 | SRNS Relocation..... | 49 | +| 4.3.1 | Intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations..... | 49 | +| 4.3.1.1 | Attempted intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations..... | 49 | +| 4.3.1.2 | Successful intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations..... | 49 | +| 4.3.1.3 | Failed intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to internal reasons..... | 49 | +| 4.3.1.4 | Failed intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to external reasons..... | 50 | +| 4.3.2 | Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations..... | 50 | +| 4.3.2.1 | Attempted inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the old 3G-SGSN..... | 50 | +| 4.3.2.2 | Successful inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the old 3G-SGSN..... | 50 | +| 4.3.2.3 | Failed inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to internal reasons, counted in the old 3G-SGSN..... | 51 | +| 4.3.2.4 | Failed inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to external reasons, counted in the old 3G-SGSN..... | 51 | +| 4.3.3 | Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the new 3G-SGSN..... | 51 | +| 4.3.3.1 | Attempted inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the new 3G-SGSN..... | 51 | +| 4.3.3.2 | Successful Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the new 3G-SGSN..... | 52 | +| 4.4 | Security..... | 52 | +| 4.4.1 | P-TMSI reallocation procedures..... | 52 | +| 4.4.1.1 | Attempted P-TMSI reallocation procedures..... | 52 | +| 4.4.1.2 | Successful P-TMSI reallocation procedures..... | 52 | +| 4.4.2 | Identity Request procedures initiated by this SGSN..... | 53 | +| 4.4.2.1 | Attempted Identity Request procedures initiated by this SGSN..... | 53 | +| 4.4.2.2 | Successful completed Identity Request procedures initiated by this SGSN..... | 53 | +| 4.4.3 | Identification information requests sent to a partner (previous) SGSN for subscribers registering afresh in this SGSN..... | 54 | +| 4.4.3.1 | Attempted identification information requests sent to a partner (previous) SGSN for subscribers registering afresh in this SGSN..... | 54 | +| 4.4.3.2 | Successful replied identification information requests that were sent to a partner (previous) SGSN..... | 54 | +| 4.4.4 | Attempted Identity Requests sent to the MS..... | 55 | +| 4.4.4.1 | Attempted Identity Requests sent to the MS..... | 55 | +| 4.4.4.2 | Successful replied Identity Requests from the MS..... | 55 | +| 4.4.5 | Authentication procedures that are started within this SGSN area for a subscriber using a SIM..... | 55 | +| 4.4.5.1 | Attempted authentication procedures that are started within this SGSN area for a subscriber using a SIM..... | 55 | +| 4.4.5.2 | Successful authentication procedures within this SGSN area, for a subscriber using a SIM..... | 56 | +| 4.4.6 | Authentication procedures that are started within this SGSN area for a subscriber using a USIM..... | 56 | +| 4.4.6.1 | Attempted authentication procedures that are started within this SGSN area for a subscriber using a USIM..... | 56 | +| 4.4.6.2 | Successful authentication procedures within this SGSN area, for a subscriber using a USIM..... | 57 | +| 4.4.6.3 | Received ciphering and Authentication failures within this SGSN area..... | 57 | + +| | | | +|----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 4.4.7 | Identification information requests that were received from a partner (new) SGSN for subscribers de-registering from this SGSN..... | 58 | +| 4.4.7.1 | Attempted identification information requests that were received from a partner (new) SGSN for subscribers de-registering from this SGSN..... | 58 | +| 4.4.7.2 | Successfully replied identification information requests that were received from a partner (new) SGSN..... | 58 | +| 4.4.8 | SGSN context requests sent to a partner (previous) SGSN for subscribers registering afresh in this SGSN..... | 59 | +| 4.4.8.1 | Attempted SGSN context requests sent to a partner (previous) SGSN for subscribers registering afresh in this SGSN..... | 59 | +| 4.4.8.2 | Successfully replied SGSN context requests that were sent to a partner (previous) SGSN..... | 59 | +| 4.4.9 | SGSN context requests received from a partner (new) SGSN for a subscriber de-registering from this SGSN..... | 60 | +| 4.4.9.1 | Attempted SGSN context requests received from a partner (new) SGSN for a subscriber de-registering from this SGSN..... | 60 | +| 4.4.9.2 | Successfully replied SGSN context requests received from a partner (new) SGSN..... | 60 | +| 4.4.10 | Number of P-TMSI - IMSI correlation failures (User Identity Confidentiality (TS 23.060 [2]))..... | 60 | +| 4.4.11 | Security mode control procedures started by the SGSN..... | 61 | +| 4.4.11.1 | Attempted security mode control procedures started by the SGSN..... | 61 | +| 4.4.11.2 | Successful security mode procedures..... | 61 | +| 4.4.12 | Ciphering procedures started by the SGSN..... | 61 | +| 4.4.12.1 | Attempted GSM ciphering procedures started by the SGSN..... | 61 | +| 4.4.12.2 | Successful GSM ciphering procedures started by the SGSN..... | 62 | +| 4.4.12.3 | Attempted UMTS ciphering procedures started by the SGSN..... | 62 | +| 4.4.12.4 | Successful UMTS ciphering procedures started by the SGSN..... | 62 | +| 4.4.13 | MAP V1 requests for authentication sets..... | 63 | +| 4.4.13.1 | Attempted MAP V1 requests for authentication sets, sent to the HLR by SGSN..... | 63 | +| 4.4.13.2 | Successful MAP V1 requests for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR..... | 63 | +| 4.4.13.3 | Number of empty responses to the MAP V1 request for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR..... | 63 | +| 4.4.14 | MAP V3 requests for Authentication sets..... | 64 | +| 4.4.14.1 | Attempted MAP V3 requests for Authentication sets sent to the HLR by SGSN..... | 64 | +| 4.4.14.2 | Successful MAP V3 requests for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR..... | 64 | +| 4.4.14.3 | Number of empty responses to the MAP V3 request for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR..... | 64 | +| 4.5 | Void..... | 65 | +| 4.6 | Session Management..... | 65 | +| 4.6.1 | PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS..... | 65 | +| 4.6.1.1 | Attempted PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS..... | 65 | +| 4.6.1.2 | Successful PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS..... | 65 | +| 4.6.1.3 | Failed PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS..... | 65 | +| 4.6.2 | dynamic PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS..... | 66 | +| 4.6.2.1 | Attempted dynamic PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS..... | 66 | +| 4.6.2.2 | Successful dynamic PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS..... | 66 | +| 4.6.3 | Mean number of activated PDP contexts..... | 67 | +| 4.6.4 | PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the MS..... | 67 | +| 4.6.4.1 | Attempted PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the MS..... | 67 | +| 4.6.4.2 | Successful PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the MS..... | 68 | +| 4.6.5 | Number of active PDP context..... | 68 | +| 4.6.6 | Subscribers with activated PDP context..... | 68 | +| 4.6.6.1 | Number of subscribers with activated PDP context..... | 68 | +| 4.6.6.2 | Mean number of subscribers with activated PDP context..... | 69 | +| 4.6.6.3 | Max number of subscribers with activated PDP context..... | 69 | +| 4.6.6.4 | Mean number of subscribers with activated PDP context and direct tunnel..... | 70 | +| 4.6.6.5 | Max number of subscribers with activated PDP context and direct tunnel..... | 70 | +| 4.6.7 | Void..... | 70 | +| 4.6.8 | PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the GGSN..... | 70 | +| 4.6.8.1 | Attempted PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the GGSN..... | 70 | +| 4.6.8.2 | Successful PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the GGSN..... | 71 | +| 4.6.9 | PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the SGSN..... | 71 | +| 4.6.9.1 | Attempted PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the SGSN..... | 71 | + +| | | | +|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 4.6.9.2 | Successful PDP context deactivations initiated by the SGSN..... | 71 | +| 4.6.9.3 | Abnormal PDP context Deactivation procedures..... | 72 | +| 4.6.10 | SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures..... | 72 | +| 4.6.10.1 | Attempted SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures..... | 72 | +| 4.6.10.2 | Successful SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures..... | 73 | +| 4.6.10.3 | Attempted SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures with direct tunnel..... | 73 | +| 4.6.10.4 | Successful SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures with direct tunnel..... | 73 | +| 4.6.11 | GGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures..... | 74 | +| 4.6.11.1 | Attempted GGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures..... | 74 | +| 4.6.11.2 | Successful GGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures..... | 74 | +| 4.6.12 | SGSN-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures..... | 75 | +| 4.6.12.1 | Attempted SGSN-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures..... | 75 | +| 4.6.12.2 | Successfully SGSN-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures..... | 75 | +| 4.6.13 | MS-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures..... | 75 | +| 4.6.13.1 | Attempted MS-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures..... | 75 | +| 4.6.13.2 | Successfully MS-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures..... | 76 | +| 4.6.14 | Secondary PDP context activation procedures..... | 76 | +| 4.6.14.1 | Attempted Secondary PDP context activation procedures..... | 76 | +| 4.6.14.2 | Successful Secondary PDP context activations..... | 77 | +| 4.6.15 | PDP context activation procedures initiated by Network..... | 77 | +| 4.6.15.1 | Attempted PDP context activation procedures initiated by Network..... | 77 | +| 4.6.15.2 | Successful PDP context activation procedures initiated by Network..... | 77 | +| 4.6.15.3 | Failed PDP context activation procedures initiated by Network..... | 78 | +| 4.6.16 | PDP Context set-up time, initiated by MS (Mean)..... | 78 | +| 4.6.17 | PDP Context set-up time, initiated by MS (Max)..... | 79 | +| 4.6.18 | PDP Context set-up time, initiated by Network (Mean)..... | 79 | +| 4.6.19 | PDP Context set-up time, initiated by Network (Max)..... | 80 | +| 4.6.20 | Service Request related measurement..... | 80 | +| 4.6.20.1 | Attempted Service Request procedures..... | 80 | +| 4.6.20.2 | Successful Service Request procedures..... | 80 | +| 4.6.20.3 | Failed Service Request procedures..... | 81 | +| 4.6.21 | Mean number of activated PDP contexts with direct tunnel related measurements..... | 81 | +| 4.7 | CAMEL Measurements..... | 82 | +| 4.7.1 | CAMEL dialogues..... | 82 | +| 4.7.1.1 | Attempted CAMEL dialogues..... | 82 | +| 4.7.1.2 | Failed CAMEL dialogues, aborted locally by gprsSSF..... | 82 | +| 4.7.1.3 | Failed CAMEL dialogues, error or reject from gsmSCF..... | 82 | +| 4.8 | UMTS-GSM Intersystem Change..... | 83 | +| 4.8.1 | Intra SGSN inter system changes from UMTS to GSM..... | 83 | +| 4.8.1.1 | Attempted intra SGSN inter system changes from UMTS to GSM..... | 83 | +| 4.8.1.2 | Successful intra SGSN inter system changes from UMTS to GSM..... | 83 | +| 4.8.1.3 | Failed intra SGSN inter system changes UMTS to GSM RAU, due to internal reasons..... | 83 | +| 4.8.1.4 | Failed intra SGSN inter system changes UMTS to GSM RAU, due to external reasons..... | 84 | +| 4.8.2 | Intra SGSN inter system changes from GSM to UMTS..... | 84 | +| 4.8.2.1 | Attempted intra SGSN inter system changes from GSM to UMTS..... | 84 | +| 4.8.2.2 | Successful intra SGSN inter system changes from GSM to UMTS..... | 84 | +| 4.8.2.3 | Failed intra SGSN inter system changes GSM to UMTS RAU, due to internal reasons..... | 85 | +| 4.8.2.4 | Failed intra SGSN inter system changes GSM to UMTS RAU, due to external reasons..... | 85 | +| 4.9 | UMTS GTP Measurements..... | 85 | +| 4.9.1 | GTP-U Iu..... | 85 | +| 4.9.1.1 | Number of outgoing GTP data packets on the Iu interface..... | 85 | +| 4.9.1.2 | Number of incoming GTP data packets on the Iu interface..... | 86 | +| 4.9.1.3 | Number of octets of outgoing GTP data packets on the Iu interface..... | 86 | +| 4.9.1.4 | Number of octets of incoming GTP data packets on the Iu interface..... | 86 | +| 4.9.2 | GTP Gn..... | 87 | +| 4.9.2.1 | Number of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 87 | +| 4.9.2.2 | Number of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from GGSN to SGSN..... | 87 | +| 4.9.2.3 | Number of octets of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 87 | +| 4.9.2.4 | Number of octets of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from GGSN to SGSN..... | 88 | +| 4.9.2.5 | Number of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 88 | +| 4.9.2.6 | Number of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from GGSN to SGSN..... | 89 | + +| | | | +|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----| +| 4.9.2.7 | Number of octets of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 89 | +| 4.9.2.8 | Number of octets of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from GGSN to SGSN..... | 89 | +| 4.9.2.9 | Number of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 90 | +| 4.9.2.10 | Number of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 90 | +| 4.9.2.11 | Number of octets of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 91 | +| 4.9.2.12 | Number of octets of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 91 | +| 4.9.2.13 | Number of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 91 | +| 4.9.2.14 | Number of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 92 | +| 4.9.2.15 | Number of octets of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 92 | +| 4.9.2.16 | Number of octets of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN..... | 93 | +| 4.10 | UMTS Bearer Service..... | 93 | +| 4.10.1 | UMTS Bearer Service CS time to register (Mean)..... | 93 | +| 4.10.2 | UMTS Bearer Service CS time to register (Max)..... | 93 | +| 4.10.3 | UMTS Bearer Service PS time to register (Mean)..... | 94 | +| 4.10.4 | UMTS Bearer Service PS time to register (Max)..... | 94 | +| 4.10.5 | UMTS Bearer Service time to establish Communications Management (CM) radio access connectivity (Mean)..... | 94 | +| 4.10.6 | UMTS Bearer Service time to establish Communications Management (CM) radio access connectivity (Max)..... | 95 | +| 4.11 | LLC frames..... | 95 | +| 4.11.1 | Number of LLC frames sent..... | 95 | +| 4.11.2 | Number of LLC frames received..... | 95 | +| 4.11.3 | Number of erroneous LLC frames received..... | 96 | +| 4.11.4 | Number of LLC frames retransmitted..... | 96 | +| 4.12 | SNDPC N-PDUs..... | 96 | +| 4.12.1 | Number of SNDPC N-PDUs sent..... | 96 | +| 4.12.2 | Number of SNDPC N-PDU octets sent..... | 97 | +| 4.12.3 | Number of SNDPC N-PDUs received..... | 97 | +| 4.12.4 | Number of SNDPC N-PDU octets received..... | 97 | +| 4.13 | IMEI checking procedure..... | 97 | +| 4.13.1 | Number of check IMEI requests..... | 97 | +| 4.13.2 | Number of check IMEI white list responses..... | 98 | +| 4.13.3 | Number of check IMEI grey list responses..... | 98 | +| 4.13.4 | Number of check IMEI black list responses..... | 98 | +| 4.13.5 | Number of check IMEI unknown equipment responses..... | 99 | +| 4.14 | DNS..... | 99 | +| 4.14.1 | Attempted DNS Query Procedures..... | 99 | +| 4.14.2 | Successful DNS Query Procedures..... | 100 | +| 5 | Measurements related to the GGSN..... | 100 | +| 5.1 | Session Management..... | 100 | +| 5.1.1 | Session establishments..... | 100 | +| 5.1.1.1 | Attempted session establishments..... | 101 | +| 5.1.1.2 | Successful session establishments..... | 102 | +| 5.1.1.3 | Failed session establishments..... | 102 | +| 5.1.2 | Network-initiated session establishments..... | 103 | +| 5.1.2.1 | Number of routing information requests for network-initiated session establishment attempts..... | 103 | +| 5.1.2.2 | Number of routing information successful responses for network-initiated session establishment attempts..... | 104 | +| 5.1.2.3 | Attempted Network-initiated session establishments..... | 104 | +| 5.1.2.3.1 | Attempted Network-initiated session establishments..... | 104 | +| 5.1.2.3.2 | Failed Network-initiated session establishments - failures occurred before sending PDP context activation request to the MS..... | 104 | +| 5.1.2.3.3 | Failed Network-initiated session establishments - failures occurred after sending PDP context activation request to the MS..... | 105 | +| 5.1.3 | Subscribers with activated PDP context..... | 105 | +| 5.1.3.1 | Number of subscribers with activated PDP context..... | 105 | +| 5.1.3.2 | Mean number of subscribers with activated PDP context..... | 106 | +| 5.1.3.3 | Max number of subscribers with activated PDP context..... | 106 | +| 5.1.4 | Session conclusions..... | 106 | +| 5.1.4.1 | MS & SGSN-initiated session conclusions..... | 107 | +| 5.1.4.1.1 | Attempted MS & SGSN-initiated session conclusions..... | 107 | + +| | | | +|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----| +| 5.1.4.1.2 | Successful MS & SGSN-initiated session conclusions..... | 108 | +| 5.1.4.2 | GGSN-initiated session conclusions..... | 108 | +| 5.1.4.2.1 | Attempted GGSN-initiated session conclusions..... | 108 | +| 5.1.4.2.2 | Successful GGSN-initiated session conclusions..... | 108 | +| 5.2 | Per APN measurements..... | 109 | +| 5.2.1 | Session establishments..... | 109 | +| 5.2.1.1 | Session establishments, per APN..... | 110 | +| 5.2.1.1.1 | Attempted session establishments, per APN..... | 110 | +| 5.2.1.1.2 | Successfully established sessions, per APN..... | 111 | +| 5.2.1.2 | Session establishments with dynamic PDP address allocation required, per APN..... | 111 | +| 5.2.1.2.1 | Attempted session establishments with dynamic PDP address allocation required, per APN..... | 111 | +| 5.2.1.2.2 | Successfully established sessions with dynamic PDP address allocation required, per APN..... | 111 | +| 5.2.1.3 | Session establishments with user authentication required, per APN..... | 112 | +| 5.2.1.3.1 | Attempted session establishments with user authentication required, per APN..... | 112 | +| 5.2.1.3.2 | Failed session establishments due to user authentication failure, per APN..... | 112 | +| 5.2.2 | Active sessions..... | 113 | +| 5.2.2.1 | Number of simultaneous active sessions, per APN..... | 113 | +| 5.2.2.2 | Peak number of simultaneous active sessions, per APN..... | 113 | +| 5.2.2.3 | MS & SGSN-initiated session modifications, per APN..... | 114 | +| 5.2.2.3.1 | Attempted MS & SGSN-initiated session modifications, per APN..... | 114 | +| 5.2.2.3.2 | Successfully performed MS & SGSN-initiated session modifications, per APN..... | 114 | +| 5.2.3 | Session conclusions..... | 114 | +| 5.2.3.1 | MS-initiated session conclusions, per APN..... | 114 | +| 5.2.3.1.1 | Attempted MS-initiated session conclusions, per APN..... | 114 | +| 5.2.3.1.2 | Successful MS-initiated session conclusions, per APN..... | 115 | +| 5.2.3.2 | GGSN-initiated session conclusions, per APN..... | 115 | +| 5.2.3.2.1 | Attempted GGSN-initiated session conclusions, per APN..... | 115 | +| 5.2.3.2.2 | Successful GGSN-initiated session conclusions, per APN..... | 115 | +| 5.3 | GTP measurements..... | 116 | +| 5.3.1 | Number of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface..... | 116 | +| 5.3.2 | Number of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface..... | 116 | +| 5.3.3 | Number of discarded GTP data packets..... | 117 | +| 5.3.4 | Number of octets of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface..... | 117 | +| 5.3.5 | Number of octets of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface..... | 118 | +| 5.3.6 | Number of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface..... | 118 | +| 5.3.7 | Number of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface..... | 119 | +| 5.3.8 | Number of discarded GTP signalling packets..... | 119 | +| 5.3.9 | Number of octets of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface..... | 119 | +| 5.3.10 | Number of octets of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface..... | 120 | +| 5.3.11 | Number of GTP tunnels on the Gn interface..... | 120 | +| 5.3.12 | Number of GTP tunnels created on the Gn interface..... | 121 | +| 5.4 | GTP' measurements..... | 121 | +| 5.4.1 | Attempted CDR information transfers..... | 122 | +| 5.4.2 | Successful CDR information transfers..... | 122 | +| 5.4.3 | Failed CDR information transfers..... | 123 | +| 5.5 | IP measurements..... | 123 | +| 5.5.1 | Number of incoming IP data packets on the Gi interface..... | 124 | +| 5.5.2 | Number of outgoing IP data packets on the Gi interface..... | 125 | +| 5.5.3 | Number of IP data packets discarded due to node congestion..... | 125 | +| 5.5.4 | Number of octets of incoming IP data packets on the Gi interface..... | 125 | +| 5.5.5 | Number of octets of outgoing IP data packets on the Gi interface..... | 126 | +| 5.6 | AAA Authentication measurements..... | 126 | +| 5.6.1 | Attempted Authentication Procedures, per APN..... | 127 | +| 5.6.2 | Successful Authentication Procedures, per APN..... | 127 | + +**Annex A (informative): Use cases for performance measurements..... 128** + +A.1 Use case of implicit detach related measurements..... 128 + +A.2 Use case of service request related measurements..... 128 + +A.3 Use case of Mean number of activated PDP contexts with direct tunnel related measurements..... 128 + +A.4 Use case of direct tunnel related measurements..... 128 + +**Annex B (informative): Change history..... 129** + +--- + +## Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +--- + +## Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.401 Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements +- 52.402 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements – GSM +- 32.404 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template +- 32.405 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) +- 32.406 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Packet Switched (PS) domain** +- 32.407 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Circuit Switched (CS) domain +- 32.408 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Teleservice +- 32.409 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) + +The present document is part of a set of specifications, which describe the requirements and information model necessary for the standardised Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OA&M) of a multi-vendor 3G-system. + +During the lifetime of a 3G network, its logical and physical configuration will undergo changes of varying degrees and frequencies in order to optimise the utilisation of the network resources. These changes will be executed through network configuration management activities and/or network engineering, see TS 32.600 [3]. + +Many of the activities involved in the daily operation and future network planning of a 3G network require data on which to base decisions. This data refers to the load carried by the network and the grade of service offered. In order to produce this data performance measurements are executed in the NEs, which comprise the network. The data can then be transferred to an external system, e.g. an Operations System (OS) in TMN terminology, for further evaluation. The purpose of the present document is to describe the mechanisms involved in the collection of the data and the definition of the data itself. + +Annex B of TS 32.404 helps in the definition of new performance measurements that can be submitted to 3GPP for potential adoption and inclusion in the present document. Annex B of TS 32.404 discusses a top-down performance measurement definition methodology that focuses on how the end-user of performance measurements can use the measurements. + +--- + +# 1 Scope + +The present document describes the measurements for Core Network (CN) Packet Switched (PS) domain of UMTS or combined UMTS/GSM network. + +TS 32.401 [1] describes Performance Management concepts or requirements. + +The present document is valid for all measurement types provided by an implementation of a CN PS domain of UMTS network or combined UMTS/GSM network. + +Only measurement types that are specific to CN PS domain of UMTS or combined UMTS/GSM network are defined within the present documents. + +Vendor specific measurement types used in CN PS domain of UMTS or combined UMTS/GSM network are not covered. Instead, these could be applied according to manufacturer's documentation. + +Measurements related to "external" technologies (such as ATM or IP) as described by "external" standards bodies (e.g. ITU-T or IETF) shall only be referenced within this specification, wherever there is a need identified for the existence of such a reference. + +The definition of the standard measurements is intended to result in comparability of measurement data produced in a multi-vendor network, for those measurement types that can be standardised across all vendors' implementations. + +The structure of the present document is as follows: + +- Header 1: Network Element (e.g. RNC related measurements); +- Header 2: Measurement function (e.g. soft handover measurements); +- Header 3: Measurements. + +--- + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Service description; Stage 2". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 29.002: "Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification". +- [5] 3GPP TS 25.413: "UTRAN Iu Interface RANAP signalling". +- [6] 3GPP TS 29.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); GPRS Tunnelling Protocol (GTP) across the Gn and Gp interface". +- [7] Void. +- [8] 3GPP TS 23.107: "Quality of Service (QoS) concept and architecture". + +- [9] 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, Addressing and Identification". +- [10] 3GPP TS 29.061: "Interworking between the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) supporting packet based services and Packet Data Networks (PDN)". +- [11] 3GPP TS 44.064: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Mobile Station - Serving GPRS Support Node (MS-SGSN) Logical Link Control (LLC) layer specification". +- [12] 3GPP TS 44.065: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Mobile Station (MS) - Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN); Subnetwork Dependent Convergence Protocol (SNDPCP)". +- [13] IETF RFC 1034: "DOMAIN NAMES - CONCEPTS AND FACILITIES". +- [14] IETF RFC 1035: "DOMAIN NAMES - IMPLEMENTATION AND SPECIFICATION". +- [15] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile Radio Interface Layer 3 specification; Core Network Protocols; Stage 3". +- [16] GSM 08.18: "Digital cellular telecommunication system (Phase 2); General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Base Station System (BSS) - Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN); BSS GPRS Protocol (BSSGP)". +- [17] IETF RFC 2903: "Generic AAA Architecture". +- [18] IETF RFC 2138: "Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) ". + +--- + +## 3 Measurement family and abbreviations + +### 3.1 Measurement family + +The measurement names defined in the present document are all beginning with a prefix containing the measurement family name (e.g. MM.AttGprsAttach). This family name identifies all measurements which relate to a given functionality and it may be used for measurement administration (see TS 32.401 [1]). + +The list of families currently used in the present document is as follows: + +- AAA (measurements related to AAA) +- CAM (measurements related to CAMEL) +- DNS (measurements related to DNS) +- GTP (measurements related to GTP) +- IMEI (measurements related to IMEI verification) +- ISYSC (measurements related to GSM/UMTS Intersystem changes) +- LLC (measurements related to Logical Link Control) +- MM (measurements related to Mobility Management) +- RELOC (measurements related to SRNS Relocation) +- RRC (measurements related to Radio Resource Control) +- SEC (measurements related to Security) +- SIG (measurements related to Signalling) +- SM (measurements related to Session Management) +- SNDPCP (measurements related to Sub-Network Dependent Convergence Protocol) + +- SUB (measurements related to Subscriber Management) +- UBS (measurements related to UMTS Bearer Service) + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 3G | 3 rd Generation | +| 3GPP | 3G Partnership Project | +| ASN.1 | Abstract Syntax Notation 1 | +| BER | Basic Encoding Rules | +| CN | Core Network | +| DTD | Document Type Definition | +| DTI | Direct Tunnel Indicator | +| EGQM | Enhanced Goal, Question, Metric | +| EM | (Network) Element Manager | +| FTAM | File Transfer Access and Management | +| FTP | File Transfer Protocol | +| GQM | Goal, Question, Metric | +| IEEE | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | +| Itf | Interface | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunications Standardisation Sector | +| MSC | Mobile services Switching Centre | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| OA&M | Operation, Administration and Maintenance | +| OS | Operations System (EM, NM) | +| OSI | Open Systems Interconnection | +| PM | Performance Management | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| TFTP | Trivial FTP | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | + +You can find below a list of abbreviations used within the measurement types for field E of the measurement template (see subclause 3.3). + +| | | +|--------|---------------------------| +| Assn | Assign(ment,ed) | +| Att | Attempt(s,ed) | +| Auth | Authentication | +| Bgrd | Background | +| Call | Call | +| Chg | Change | +| Conn | Connection | +| Combi | Combined | +| CS | Circuit switched | +| Ctrl | Controlled | +| Conv | Conversational | +| Del | Deletion | +| Drop | Drop(ped) | +| Estab | Establish (ed,ment) | +| Fail | Fail(ed, ure) | +| FDD | Frequency Division Duplex | +| HO | Handover | +| Inc | Incoming | +| Intact | Interactive | +| Inter | Inter | +| Intra | Intra | +| Invol | Involve(d) | +| Max | Maximum | + +| | | +|---------|-------------------------------| +| MM | Mobility Management | +| Nat | National | +| Netw | Network | +| NodeB | NodeB | +| Oct | Octet(s) | +| Out | Outgoing | +| Pkt | Packet(s) | +| Prep | Preparation | +| Proc | Procedure | +| PS | Packet switched | +| RAT | Radio Access Technology | +| ReEstab | Re-establish (ed,ment) | +| Rel | Released | +| Reloc | Relocation | +| Req | Request(s,ed) | +| Res | Resource | +| RL | Radio Link | +| RNC | RNC | +| RRC | Radio Resource Control | +| RTWP | Received Total Wideband Power | +| Setup | Setup | +| SGSN | SGSN | +| Sig | Signalling | +| Stm | Streaming | +| Sub | Subscriber | +| Succ | Success(es,ful) | +| TCP | Transmitted Carrier Power | +| UE | User Equipment | +| UTRAN | UTRAN | + +## 4 Measurements related to the SGSN + +### 4.1 Mobility Management + +#### 4.1.1 GPRS attach procedures + +The four measurements defined in the clause 4.1.1 are subject to the "3 out of 4 approach". + +NOTE: Number of Attempted GPRS attach procedures = Number of Successful GPRS attach procedures + Total Number of Failed GPRS attach procedures + Aborted GPRS attach procedures. + +##### 4.1.1.1 Attempted GPRS attach procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted GPRS attach procedures initiated within this SGSN area. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "ATTACH REQUEST" message with "Attach type" information element indicating "GPRS attach" from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttGprsAttach: + - MM.AttGprsAttach Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttGprsAttach.G GSM; + - MM.AttGprsAttach.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.1.1.2 Successful GPRS attach procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully performed GPRS attach procedures within this SGSN area. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "ATTACH ACCEPT" message to the MS, in response to a "ATTACH REQUEST" message with the "Attach type" information element indicating "GPRS attach". If the "ATTACH ACCEPT" message is caused by a retransmission, this will not cause the counter to be increased. (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.SuccGprsAttach: + - MM.SuccGprsAttach Combined (don't care); + - MM.SuccGprsAttach.G GSM; + - MM.SuccGprsAttach.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.1.3 Failed GPRS attach procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed GPRS attach procedures. The measurement is split into subcounters per the reject cause. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of the ATTACH REJECT message to the MS, in response to a "ATTACH REQUEST" message with the "Attach type" information element indicating "GPRS attach", the relevant measurement is incremented according to the reject cause. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008 [15]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed GPRS attach procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) MM.FailedGprsAttach.Cause: + - MM.FailedGprsAttach.Cause Combined (don't care); + - MM.FailedGprsAttach.Cause.G GSM; + - MM.FailedGprsAttach.Cause.U UMTS; + where *Cause* identifies the reject cause. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching +- h) GSM/UMTS + +#### 4.1.1.4 Aborted GPRS attach procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of aborted GPRS attach procedures. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Abortion of a GPRS attach procedure, or a "ATTACH REQUEST" message with "Attach type" information element indicating "GPRS attach" would not be treated (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AbortedGprsAttach: + - MM.AbortedGprsAttach Combined (don't care); + - MM.AbortedGprsAttach.G GSM; + - MM.AbortedGprsAttach.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching +- h) GSM/UMTS + +## 4.1.2 Intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +### 4.1.2.1 Attempted intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted intra-SGSN Routing Area Update procedures initiated within this SGSN area. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST" message from the MS, where the old RA and the new RA are served by this SGSN (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttIntraSgsnRaUpdate: + - MM.AttIntraSgsnRaUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttIntraSgsnRaUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.AttIntraSgsnRaUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.2.2 Successful intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully performed intra-SGSN Routing Area Update procedures initiated in this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of "ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.SuccIntraSgsnRaUpdate: + - MM.SuccIntraSgsnRaUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.SuccIntraSgsnRaUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.SuccIntraSgsnRaUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.2.3 Failed intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed GPRS intra-SGSN Routing Area Update procedures initiated in this SGSN. The measurement is split into subcounters per the reject cause. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of the ROUTING AREA UPDATE REJECT message to the MS, in response to a "ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST" (Intra-Sgsn) message, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the reject cause. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008 [15]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed GPRS routing area + +update procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) MM. FailIntraSgsnRaUpdate.Cause: +- f) - MM. FailIntraSgsnRaUpdate.Cause Combined (don't care); +- g) - MM. FailIntraSgsnRaUpdate.Cause.G GSM; +- h) - MM. FailIntraSgsnRaUpdate.Cause.U UMTS; +- i) where *Cause* identifies the reject cause. +- j) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- k) Valid for packet switching. +- l) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.3 GPRS detach procedures initiated by MS + +#### 4.1.3.1 Attempted GPRS detach procedures initiated by MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of MS initiated GPRS detach procedures within this SGSN area. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "DETACH REQUEST" message from the MS indicating a GPRS detach (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttGprsDetachMs: + - MM.AttGprsDetachMs Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttGprsDetachMs.G GSM; + - MM.AttGprsDetachMs.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.4 GPRS detach procedures initiated by SGSN + +#### 4.1.4.1 Attempted GPRS detach procedures initiated by SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted GPRS detach procedures initiated by SGSN. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "DETACH REQUEST" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttGprsDetachSgsn: + - MM.AttGprsDetachSgsn Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttGprsDetachSgsn.G GSM; + +- MM.AttGprsDetachSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.4.2 Successful GPRS detach procedures initiated by SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully completed GPRS detach procedures SGSN-initiated within this SGSN area. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "DETACH ACCEPT" message from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.SuccGprsDetachSgsn: + - MM.SuccGprsDetachSgsn Combined (don't care); + - MM.SuccGprsDetachSgsn.G GSM; + - MM.SuccGprsDetachSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS + +#### 4.1.5 Inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +##### 4.1.5.1 Attempted inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted inter-SGSN Routing Area Update procedures initiated in this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST" message from the MS where the old RA is served by another SGSNs (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttInterSgsnRaUpdate: + - MM.AttInterSgsnRaUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttInterSgsnRaUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.AttInterSgsnRaUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.5.2 Successful inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully completed inter-SGSN Routing Area Update procedures in this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.SuccInterSgsnRaUpdate: + - MM.SuccInterSgsnRaUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.SuccInterSgsnRaUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.SuccInterSgsnRaUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.5.3 Failed inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed GPRS inter-SGSN Routing Area Update procedures initiated in this SGSN. The measurement is split into subcounters per the reject cause. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of the ROUTING AREA UPDATE REJECT message to the MS, in response to a "ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST" (Inter-Sgsn) message, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the reject cause. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008 [15]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed GPRS routing area update procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) MM. FailInterSgsnRaUpdate.Cause: +- f) - MM. FailInterSgsnRaUpdate.Cause Combined (don't care); +- g) - MM. FailInterSgsnRaUpdate.Cause.G GSM; +- h) - MM. FailInterSgsnRaUpdate.Cause.U UMTS; +- i) where *Cause* identifies the reject cause. +- j) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- k) Valid for packet switching +- l) GSM/UMTS + +#### 4.1.6 GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached + +The four measurements defined in the clause 5.1.6 are subject to the "3 out of 4 approach". + +NOTE: Number of Attempted GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached = Number of Successful GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached + Total Number of Failed GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached + Aborted GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached. + +#### 4.1.6.1 Attempted GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted GPRS attach procedures, while IMSI is already attached. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "ATTACH REQUEST" Message with "Attach type" information element indicating "GPRS attach while IMSI attached" from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttGprsAttachImsiAttached: + - MM.AttGprsAttachImsiAttached Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttGprsAttachImsiAttached.G GSM; + - MM.AttGprsAttachImsiAttached.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.2 Successful GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully performed GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached within this SGSN area. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "ATTACH ACCEPT" message to the MS, in response to a "ATTACH REQUEST" message with the "Attach type" information element indicating "GPRS attach while IMSI attached". If the "ATTACH ACCEPT" message is caused by a retransmission, this will not cause the counter to be increased. (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.SuccGprsAttachImsiAttached: + - MM.SuccGprsAttachImsiAttached Combined (don't care); + - MM.SuccGprsAttachImsiAttached.G GSM; + - MM.SuccGprsAttachImsiAttached.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.3 Failed GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached. The measurement is split into subcounters per the reject cause. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of the ATTACH REJECT message to the MS, in response to a "ATTACH REQUEST" message with the "Attach type" information element indicating "GPRS attach while IMSI attached", the relevant measurement is incremented according to the reject cause. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008 [15]. + +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) MM. FailedGprsAttachImsiAttached.Cause: + - MM. FailedGprsAttachImsiAttached.Cause Combined (don't care); + - MM. FailedGprsAttachImsiAttached.Cause.G GSM; + - MM. FailedGprsAttachImsiAttached.Cause.U UMTS; + where *Cause* identifies the reject cause. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.4 Aborted GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached + +- a) This measurement provides the number of aborted GPRS attach procedures with IMSI already attached. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Abortion of a GPRS attach procedure with IMSI already attached, or a "ATTACH REQUEST" message with "Attach type" information element indicating "GPRS attach while IMSI attached" would not be treated (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AbstortedGprsAttachImsiAttached: + - MM. AbortedGprsAttachImsiAttached Combined (don't care); + - MM. AbortedGprsAttachImsiAttached.G GSM; + - MM. AbortedGprsAttachImsiAttached.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.7 IMSI detach procedures initiated by MS + +##### 4.1.7.1 Attempted IMSI detach procedures initiated by MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted IMSI detach procedures MS-initiated within this SGSN area. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "DETACH REQUEST" message from the MS, indicating a IMSI detach (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttImsiDetachMs: + - MM.AttImsiDetachMs Combined (don't care); + +- MM.AttImsiDetachMs.G GSM; + - MM.AttImsiDetachMs.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. + - g) Valid for packet switching. + - h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.8 Combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures + +The four measurements defined in the clause 4.1.8 are subject to the "3 out of 4 approach". + +NOTE: Number of Attempted combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures = Number of Successful combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures + Total Number of Failed combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures + Aborted combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures. + +##### 4.1.8.1 Attempted combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempts of combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures initiated within this SGSN area. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "ATTACH REQUEST" message with "Attach type" information element indicating "Combined GPRS/IMSI attach" from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e) . +- e) MM.AttCombiAttach: + - MM.AttCombiAttach Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttCombiAttach.G GSM; + - MM.AttCombiAttach.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.1.8.2 Successful combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully performed combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures within this SGSN area. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "ATTACH ACCEPT" message to the MS, in response to a "ATTACH REQUEST" message with the "Attach type" information element indicating "Combined GPRS/IMSI attach". If the "ATTACH ACCEPT" message is caused by a retransmission, this will not cause the counter to be increased. (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.SuccCombiAttach: + - MM.SuccCombiAttach Combined (don't care); + - MM.SuccCombiAttach.G GSM; + - MM.SuccCombiAttach.U UMTS. + +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.8.3 Failed combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures. The measurement is split into subcounters per the reject cause. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of the ATTACH REJECT message to the MS, in response to a "ATTACH REQUEST" message with the "Attach type" information element indicating "Combined GPRS/IMSI attach", the relevant measurement is incremented according to the reject cause. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008 [15]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) MM.FailedCombiAttach.Cause: + - MM.FailedCombiAttach.Cause Combined (don't care); + - MM.FailedCombiAttach.Cause.G GSM; + - MM.FailedCombiAttach.Cause.U UMTS;where Cause identifies the reject cause. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.8.4 Aborted combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of aborted combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedures. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Abortion of a combined GPRS/IMSI attach procedure, or a "ATTACH REQUEST" message with "Attach type" information element indicating "Combined GPRS/IMSI attach" would not be treated (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AbortedCombiAttach: + - MM.AbortedCombiAttach Combined (don't care); + - MM.AbortedCombiAttach.G GSM; + - MM.AbortedCombiAttach.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.1.9 Combined GPRS/IMSI detach procedures initiated by MS + +### 4.1.9.1 Attempted combined GPRS/IMSI detach procedures initiated by MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted Combined GPRS/IMSI detach procedures MS-initiated within this SGSN area. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "DETACH REQUEST" message from the MS, indicating a Combined GPRS/IMSI detach (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttCombiDetachMs: + - MM.AttCombiDetachMs Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttCombiDetachMs.G GSM; + - MM.AttCombiDetachMs.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.1.10 Combined RA/LA intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +### 4.1.10.1 Attempted combined RA/LA intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of combined RA/LA updates (intra-SGSN) procedures initiated in this SGSN. These are counted as attempts. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Routing Area Update REQUEST" message from the MS, indicating a combined RA/LA update (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate: + - MM.AttCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.AttCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.10.2 Successful combined RA/LA intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully performed combined RA/LA updates (intra-SGSN) procedures initiated in this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. + +- c) Transmission of "Routing Area Update ACCEPT" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.SuccCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate: + - MM.SuccCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.SuccCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.SuccCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.10.3 Failed combined RA/LA intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed GPRS combined RA/LA intra-SGSN Routing Area Update procedures initiated in this SGSN. The measurement is split into subcounters per the reject cause. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of the ROUTING AREA UPDATE REJECT message to the MS, in response to a "ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST" (combined RA/LA Intra-Sgsn) message, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the reject cause. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008 [15]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed GPRS routing area update procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) MM. FailCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate.Cause: + - f) - MM. FailedCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate.Cause Combined (don't care); + - g) - MM. FailedCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate.Cause.G GSM; + - h) - MM. FailedCombiIntraSgsnRaUpdate.Cause.U UMTS; +- i) where *Cause* identifies the reject cause. +- j) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- k) Valid for packet switching +- l) GSM/UMTS + +#### 4.1.11 "Combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +##### 4.1.11.1 Attempted "combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of combined RA/LA updates with IMSI attach (intra-SGSN) procedures initiated in this SGSN. These are counted as attempts. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Routing Area Update REQUEST" message from the MS, indicating a combined RA/LA update with IMSI attach (TS 24.008 [15]). + +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttImsiCombiIntraSgsnRAUpdate: + - MM.AttImsiCombiIntraSgsnRAUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttImsiCombiIntraSgsnRAUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.AttImsiCombiIntraSgsnRAUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.11.2 Failed "combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" intra-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed GPRS "combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" intra-SGSN Routing Area Update procedures initiated in this SGSN. The measurement is split into subcounters per the reject cause. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of the ROUTING AREA UPDATE REJECT message to the MS, in response to a "ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST" ("combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" Intra-Sgsn) message, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the reject cause. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008 [15]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed GPRS routing area update procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) MM. FailImsiCombiIntraSgsnRAUpdate.Cause: + - f) - MM. FailImsiCombiIntraSgsnRAUpdate.Cause Combined (don't care); + - g) - MM. FailImsiCombiIntraSgsnRAUpdate.Cause.G GSM; + - h) - MM. FailImsiCombiIntraSgsnRAUpdate.Cause.U UMTS; + - i) where *Cause* identifies the reject cause. + - j) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. + - k) Valid for packet switching + - l) GSM/UMTS + +#### 4.1.12 Combined RA/LA inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +##### 4.1.12.1 Attempted combined RA/LA inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of combined RA/LA updates (inter-SGSN) procedures initiated in this SGSN. These are counted as attempts. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Routing Area Update REQUEST" message from the MS, indicating a combined RA/LA update (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). + +- e) MM.AttCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate: + - MM.AttCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.AttCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.12.2 Successful combined RA/LA inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully performed combined RA/LA updates (inter-SGSN) procedures initiated in this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of "Routing Area Update ACCEPT" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.SuccCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate: + - MM.SuccCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.SuccCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.SuccCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.12.3 Failed combined RA/LA inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed GPRS combined RA/LA inter-SGSN Routing Area Update procedures initiated in this SGSN. The measurement is split into subcounters per the reject cause. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of the ROUTING AREA UPDATE REJECT message to the MS, in response to a "ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST" (combined RA/LA Inter-Sgsn) message, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the reject cause. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008 [15]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed GPRS routing area update procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) MM. FailCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate.Cause: +- f) - MM. FailedCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate.Cause Combined (don't care); +- g) - MM. FailedCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate.Cause.G GSM; +- h) - MM. FailedCombiInterSgsnRaUpdate.Cause.U UMTS; +- i) where *Cause* identifies the reject cause. + +- j) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- k) Valid for packet switching +- l) GSM/UMTS + +#### 4.1.13 "Combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +##### 4.1.13.1 Attempted "combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of combined RA/LA updates with IMSI attach (inter-SGSN) procedures initiated in this SGSN. These are counted as attempts: +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Routing Area Update REQUEST" message from the MS, indicating a combined RA/LA update with IMSI attach.E52. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttImsiCombiInterSgsnRAUpdate: + - MM.AttImsiCombiInterSgsnRAUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttImsiCombiInterSgsnRAUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.AttImsiCombiInterSgsnRAUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.1.13.2 Failed "combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" inter-SGSN Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed GPRS "combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" inter-SGSN Routing Area Update procedures initiated in this SGSN. The measurement is split into subcounters per the reject cause. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of the ROUTING AREA UPDATE REJECT message to the MS, in response to a "ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST" ("combined RA/LA with IMSI Attach" Intra-Sgsn) message, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the reject cause. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008 [15]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed GPRS routing area update procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) MM. FailImsiCombiInterSgsnRAUpdate.Cause: + - MM. FailImsiCombiInterSgsnRAUpdate.Cause Combined (don't care); + - MM. FailImsiCombiInterSgsnRAUpdate.Cause.G GSM; + - MM. FailImsiCombiInterSgsnRAUpdate.Cause.U UMTS; + +where *Cause* identifies the reject cause. + +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching +- h) GSM/UMTS + +#### 4.1.14 Number of received invalid P-TMSI's during detach + +- a) This measurement provides the number of received invalid P-TMSI's during detach. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "DETACH\_REQUEST" with invalid P-TMSI (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.NbrPTMSIDetachFail: + - MM.NbrPTMSIDetachFail Combined (don't care); + - MM.NbrPTMSIDetachFail.G GSM; + - MM.NbrPTMSIDetachFail.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.15 GSM PS paging procedures + +The three measurement types defined in clauses 4.1.15.n are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.1.15.1 Attempted GSM PS paging procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted PS paging procedures initiated at the SGSN over the Gb interface. The initial paging procedures as well as the repeated paging procedures are counted. +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when a GSM PS paging procedure is started, i.e. at the transmission of the first BSSGP Paging Request (GSM 08.18 [16]) from the SGSN to the MS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttPsPagingProcGb. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +##### 4.1.15.2 Successful GSM PS paging procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful PS paging procedures initiated at the SGSN over the Gb interface. The initial paging procedures as well as the repeated paging procedures are counted. +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when an uplink\_trigger (any LLC frame) is received by the SGSN from the MS (over the Gb interface) as response to a GSM PS paging procedure (TS 23.060 [2]) or during intersystem change UMTS -> GSM. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.SuccPsPagingProcGb. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +#### 4.1.15.3 Failed GSM PS paging procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed PS paging procedures initiated at the SGSN over the Gb interface, i.e. PS paging procedures that time out. The initial paging procedures as well as the repeated paging procedures are counted. +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when a GSM PS paging procedure times out. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.FailPsPagingProcGb. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +### 4.1.16 UMTS PS paging procedures + +The three measurement types defined in clauses 4.1.16.n are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.1.16.1 Attempted UMTS PS paging procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted PS paging procedures initiated at the SGSN over the Iu interface. The initial paging procedures as well as the repeated paging procedures are counted. +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when a UMTS PS paging procedure is started i.e. at the transmission of the first "Paging" message (TS 25.413 [5]) from the SGSN to the MS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttPsPagingProcIu. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.1.16.2 Successful UMTS PS paging procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful PS paging procedures initiated at the SGSN over the Iu interface. The initial paging procedures as well as the repeated paging procedures are counted. +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when a paging\_response is received by the SGSN from the MS (over the Iu interface) as response to a UMTS PS paging procedure (Receipt of "Service Request" message with Service Type = Paging Response from the MS (TS 24.008 [15])) or during intersystem change GSM -> UMTS. +- d) A single integer value. + +- e) MM.SuccPsPagingProcIu. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.1.16.3 Failed UMTS PS paging procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed PS paging procedures initiated at the SGSN over the Iu interface, i.e. PS paging procedures that time out. The initial paging procedures as well as the repeated paging procedures are counted. +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when a UMTS PS paging procedure times out. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.FailPsPagingProcIu. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.1.17 PS paging procedures with unknown access type + +##### 4.1.17.1 Attempted PS paging procedures with unknown access type + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted PS paging procedures initiated at the SGSN with access type unknown. In this case the paging will be done both over the Gb and the Iu interface. The initial paging procedures as well as the repeated paging procedures are counted. +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when a paging procedure is started for which MM doesn't know the access type i.e. at the transmission of the first BSSGP Paging Request (GSM 08.18 [16]) and/or "Paging" message (TS 25.413 [5]) from the SGSN to the MS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttPsPagingProcGbIu. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.1.18 Number of PS paging message sends from 2G-SGSN to the MS + +- a) This measurement provides the Number of PS paging message sends from 2G-SGSN to the MS. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of "GMM-PAGING.req" (GSM 08.18 [16]) from the SGSN to the MS. Each paging message will be counted separately, addressed to all BSS in this certain RA. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.NbrPsPagingMesGb. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. + +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +#### 4.1.19 Number of PS paging message sends from 3G-SGSN to the MS + +- a) This measurement provides the Number of PS paging message sends from 3G-SGSN to the MS. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of "Paging" message (CN Domain Indicator = PS Domain) from the SGSN to the MS (TS 25.413 [5]). Each paging message will be counted separately, addressed to all RNC in this certain RA. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.NbrPsPagingMesLu. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.1.20 GSM subscribers state + +##### 4.1.20.1 Subscribers in STANDBY state + +###### 4.1.20.1.1 Number of subscribers in STANDBY state + +- a) This measurement provides the number of subscribers in STANDBY state. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Incremented at transition of a subscriber registered in the SGSN into STANDBY state, decremented at transition of a subscriber registered in the SGSN out from STANDBY state. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.NbrSubStandby. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +###### 4.1.20.1.2 Mean number of subscribers in STANDBY state + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of subscribers in STANDBY state. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers in STANDBY state and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.MeanNbrSubStandby. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +#### 4.1.20.1.3 Max number of subscribers in STANDBY state + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of subscribers in STANDBY state. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers in STANDBY state and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.MaxNbrSubStandby. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +#### 4.1.20.2 Subscribers in READY state + +##### 4.1.20.2.1 Number of subscribers in READY state + +- a) This measurement provides the number of subscribers in READY state. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Incremented at transition of a subscriber registered in the SGSN into READY state, decremented at transition of a subscriber registered in the SGSN out from READY state. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.NbrSubReady +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +##### 4.1.20.2.2 Mean number of subscribers in READY state + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of subscribers in READY state. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers in READY state and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.MeanNbrSubReady. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +##### 4.1.20.2.3 Max number of subscribers in READY state + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of subscribers in READY state. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers in READY state and then taking the maximum. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.MaxNbrSubReady. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +#### 4.1.21 UMTS subscribers state + +##### 4.1.21.1 Subscribers in PMM-IDLE state + +###### 4.1.21.1.1 Number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state + +- a) This measurement provides the number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Incremented at PS Signalling Connection Release (Iu Release), decremented at PS Detach or PS Signalling Connection Establish (Service Request). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.NbrSubPmmIdle. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +###### 4.1.21.1.2 Mean number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.MeanNbrSubPmmIdle. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +###### 4.1.21.1.3 Max number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers in PMM-IDLE state and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.MaxNbrSubPmmIdle. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. + +h) UMTS. + +#### 4.1.21.2 Subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state + +##### 4.1.21.2.1 Number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state + +- a) This measurement provides the number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Decremented at PS Signalling Connection Release (Iu Release), Detach, PS Attach Reject or RAU Reject, incremented at PS Attach or PS Signalling Connection Establish (Service Request). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.NbrSubPmmConnected +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +##### 4.1.21.2.2 Mean number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.MeanNbrSubPmmConnected. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +##### 4.1.21.2.3 Max number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers in PMM-CONNECTED state and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.MaxNbrSubPmmConnected. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.1.22 Attached subscribers + +##### 4.1.22.1 Number of attached subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attached subscribers within this SGSN area. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Incremented when a subscriber enters the GMM\_REGISTERED state in the SGSN Location Register, and decremented when a subscriber leaves the GMM\_REGISTERED state. + +NOTE: The GMM state machine in the SGSN Location Register is described in TS 24.008 [15], clause 4.1.3.3 (Figure 4.1c/3GPP TS 24.008 [15]: GMM main states on the network side). + +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.NbrActAttachedSub: + - MM.NbrActAttachedSub Combined (don't care); + - MM.NbrActAttachedSub.G GSM; + - MM.NbrActAttachedSub.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction +RoutingArea. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.22.2 Mean number of attached subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of attached subscribers within this SGSN area. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of attached subscribers and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.MeanNbrAttachedSub: + - MM.MeanNbrAttachedSub Combined (don't care); + - MM.MeanNbrAttachedSub.G GSM; + - MM.MeanNbrAttachedSub.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +RoutingArea +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.22.3 Max number of attached subscribers + +- i) This measurement provides the maximum number of attached subscribers within this SGSN area. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- j) SI. +- k) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of attached subscribers and then taking the maximum. +- l) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- m) MM.MaxNbrAttachedSub: + - MM.MaxNbrAttachedSub Combined (don't care); + +- MM.MaxNbrAttachedSub.G GSM; + - MM.MaxNbrAttachedSub.U UMTS. +- n) SgsnFunction. +RoutingArea +- o) Valid for packet switching. +- p) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.1.23 Home subscribers + +### 4.1.23.1 Number of home subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GPRS home subscribers located in the SGSN location register. The GPRS MM state of this subscriber is GMM\_REGISTERED or GMM\_DEREGISTERED. Only GPRS subscribers that are homed in the same GPRS network are considered. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Incremented by one when GPRS home subscriber is successfully registered in the SGSN location register and decremented by one when GPRS home subscriber is successfully deregistered out of the SGSN location register (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.NbrHomeSub: +- MM.NbrHomeSub Combined (don't care); + - MM.NbrHomeSub.G GSM; + - MM.NbrHomeSub.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.23.2 Mean number of home subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of GPRS home subscribers located in the SGSN location register. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of GPRS home subscribers located in the SGSN location register and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.MeanNbrHomeSub: +- MM.MeanNbrHomeSub Combined (don't care); + - MM.MeanNbrHomeSub.G GSM; + - MM.MeanNbrHomeSub.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. + +h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.23.3 Max number of home subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of GPRS home subscribers located in the SGSN location register. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of GPRS home subscribers located in the SGSN location register and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.MaxNbrHomeSub: +- | | | +|----------------------|------------------------| +| - MM.MaxNbrHomeSub | Combined (don't care); | +| - MM.MaxNbrHomeSub.G | GSM; | +| - MM.MaxNbrHomeSub.U | UMTS. | +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.24 Visiting national subscribers + +##### 4.1.24.1 Number of visiting national subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of visiting national GPRS subscribers located in the SGSN location register. The GPRS MM state of this subscriber is GMM\_REGISTERED or GMM\_DEREGISTERED. Only GPRS subscribers that are homed in a partner GPRS network of the same country are considered. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement provides the number of visiting national GPRS subscribers located in the SGSN location register. The GPRS MM state of this subscriber is GMM\_REGISTERED or GMM\_DEREGISTERED. Only GPRS subscribers that are homed in a partner GPRS network of the same country are considered. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.NbrVisitingNatSub: +- | | | +|--------------------------|------------------------| +| - MM.NbrVisitingNatSub | Combined (don't care); | +| - MM.NbrVisitingNatSub.G | GSM; | +| - MM.NbrVisitingNatSub.U | UMTS. | +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.1.24.2 Mean number of visiting national subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of visiting national GPRS subscribers located in the SGSN location register. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. + +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of visiting national GPRS subscribers located in the SGSN location register and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.MeanNbrVisitingNatSub: + - MM.MeanNbrVisitingNatSub Combined (don't care); + - MM.MeanNbrVisitingNatSub.G GSM; + - MM.MeanNbrVisitingNatSub.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.24.3 Max number of visiting national subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of visiting national GPRS subscribers located in the SGSN location register. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of visiting national GPRS subscribers located in the SGSN location register and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.MaxNbrVisitingNatSub: + - MM.MaxNbrVisitingNatSub Combined (don't care); + - MM.MaxNbrVisitingNatSub.G GSM; + - MM.MaxNbrVisitingNatSub.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.25 Visiting foreign subscribers + +##### 4.1.25.1 Number of visiting foreign subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of visiting foreign GPRS located in the SGSN location register. The GPRS MM state of this subscriber is GMM\_REGISTERED or MM\_DEREGISTERED. Only GPRS subscribers that are homed in a GPRS network of a foreign country are considered. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Incremented by one when GPRS subscriber is successfully registered in the SGSN location register and decremented by one when GPRS subscriber is successfully deregistered out of the SGSN location register (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.NbrVisitingForeign: + - MM.NbrVisitingForeign Combined (don't care); + +- MM.NbrVisitingForeign.G GSM; + - MM.NbrVisitingForeign.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. + - g) Valid for packet switching. + - h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.25.2 Mean number of visiting foreign subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of visiting foreign GPRS subscribers located in the SGSN location register. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of visiting foreign GPRS subscribers located in the SGSN location register and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.MeanNbrVisitingForeign: + - MM.MeanNbrVisitingForeign Combined (don't care); + - MM.MeanNbrVisitingForeign.G GSM; + - MM.MeanNbrVisitingForeign.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.25.3 Max number of visiting foreign subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of visiting foreign GPRS subscribers located in the SGSN location register. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of visiting foreign GPRS subscribers located in the SGSN location register and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.MaxNbrVisitingForeign: + - MM.MaxNbrVisitingForeign Combined (don't care); + - MM.MaxNbrVisitingForeign.G GSM; + - MM.MaxNbrVisitingForeign.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.26 Void + +#### 4.1.27 Void + +#### 4.1.28 Void + +#### 4.1.29 Void + +### 4.1.30 CAMEL subscribers + +#### 4.1.30.1 Number of CAMEL subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attached subscriber within this SGSN area with CAMEL service. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Incremented when a CAMEL subscriber enters the GMM\_REGISTERED state in the SGSN Location Register, and decremented when a subscriber leaves the GMM\_REGISTERED state. +Note: the GMM state machine in the SGSN Location Register is described in 3GPP TS 24.008 [15], subclause 4.1.3.3 (Figure 4.1c/3GPP TS 24.008 [15]: GMM main states on the network side). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.NbrCamelSub: + - MM.NbrCamelSub Combined (don't care); + - MM.NbrCamelSub.G GSM; + - MM.NbrCamelSub.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.30.2 Mean Number of CAMEL subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of attached subscribers with CAMEL service. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of attached subscribers with CAMEL service and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.MeanNbrCamelSub: + - MM.MeanNbrCamelSub Combined (don't care); + - MM.MeanNbrCamelSub.G GSM; + - MM.MeanNbrCamelSub.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.30.3 Max number of CAMEL subscribers + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of attached subscribers with CAMEL service. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of attached subscribers with CAMEL service and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.MaxNbrCamelSub: + - MM.MaxNbrCamelSub Combined (don't care); + - MM.MaxNbrCamelSub.G GSM; + - MM.MaxNbrCamelSub.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.31 Void + +#### 4.1.32 InsertSubscriberData requests received from a HLR during GPRS Update Location procedure + +##### 4.1.32.1 Attempted InsertSubscriberData requests received from a HLR during GPRS Update Location procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of InsertSubscriberData requests received from a HLR during GPRS Update Location procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "MAP-INSERT-SUBSCRIBER-DATA" service request (TS 29.002 [4]) during a GPRS Update Location procedure. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttInsertSubscrDataHlrUpdLoc. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.1.33 GPRS Update Locations sent to the HLR + +##### 4.1.33.1 Attempted GPRS Update Locations sent to the HLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GPRS Update Locations sent to the HLR. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a 'MAP\_UPDATE\_LOCATION' service request (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttUpdateGprsLocationHlr. + +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.1.33.2 Successful GPRS Update Locations returned from the HLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful GPRS Update Locations returned from the HLR. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a 'MAP\_UPDATE\_LOCATION ack' service response/confirm indicating a successful GPRS Update location (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.SuccUpdateGprsLocationHlr. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.1.34 CancelLocation requests received from an HLR-operator, in case of a HLR-initiated Detach + +##### 4.1.34.1 Attempted CancelLocation requests received from an HLR-operator, in case of a HLR-initiated Detach + +- a) This measurement provides the number of CancelLocation requests received from an HLR-operator, in case of a HLR-initiated Detach. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a 'MAP\_CANCEL\_LOCATION' service request (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttCancelLocHlrOp. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.1.35 CancelLocation requests received from a HLR due to a SGSN-change (previous SGSN) + +##### 4.1.35.1 Attempted CancelLocation requests received from a HLR due to a SGSN-change (previous SGSN) + +- a) This measurement provides the number of CancelLocation requests received from a HLR due to a SGSN-change(previous SGSN). +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a 'MAP\_CANCEL\_LOCATION' service request (TS 29.002 [4]) due to a SGSN-change (previous SGSN). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttCancelLocHlrSgsnChg. + +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.1.36 Reset requests received from a HLR due to an HLR restart, indicating that a failure occurred + +##### 4.1.36.1 Attempted Reset requests received from a HLR due to an HLR restart, indicating that a failure occurred + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Reset requests received from a HLR due to an HLR restart, indicating that a failure occurred. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a 'MAP\_RESET' service request (TS 29.002 [4]) from a HLR. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttResetHlr. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.1.37 Periodic Routing Area update procedures + +##### 4.1.37.1 Attempted periodic Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of periodic Routing Area updates procedures initiated in this SGSN. These are counted as attempts. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Routing Area Update REQUEST" message from the MS with the value of the update type IE in the ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST message indicating "periodic updating"(TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.AttPeriodRaUpdate: + - MM.AttPeriodRaUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.AttPeriodRaUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.AttPeriodRaUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.1.37.2 Successful periodic Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully performed Routing Area periodic updates procedures initiated in this SGSN. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. + +- c) Transmission of "Routing Area Update ACCEPT" message to the MS in response to a Routing Area Update REQUEST message with the value of the update type IE in the ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST message indicating "periodic updating" (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.SuccPeriodRaUpdate: + - MM.SuccPeriodRaUpdate Combined (don't care); + - MM.SuccPeriodRaUpdate.G GSM; + - MM.SuccPeriodRaUpdate.U UMTS. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.37.3 Failed Periodic Routing Area update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed GPRS Periodic Routing Area Update procedures initiated in this SGSN. The measurement is split into subcounters per the reject cause. The three measurements defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of the ROUTING AREA UPDATE REJECT message to the MS, in response to a "ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST" (Periodic) message, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the reject cause. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008 [15]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed GPRS routing area update procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) MM. FailPeriodRaUpdate.Cause: + - MM.FailPeriodRaUpdate.Cause Combined (don't care); + - MM.FailPeriodRaUpdate.Cause.G GSM; + - MM.FailPeriodRaUpdate.Cause.U UMTS;where *Cause* identifies the reject cause. +- f) RA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC, LAC and the RAC. +- g) Valid for packet switching +- h) GSM/UMTS + +#### 4.1.38 Number of implicit detach procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of implicit detach procedures initiated by SGSN. The measurement defined in e) is subject to 2 out of 3 approaches. +- b) CC. +- c) SGSN initiates "Implicit detach" in order to return the MM context to IDLE state. (TS 23.060 ). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) MM.ImplicitDetach: + +- MM.ImplicitDetachSgsn Combined (don't care); + - MM.ImplicitDetachSgsn.U UMTS; + - MM.ImplicitDetachSgsn.G GSM. +- f) SgsnFunction. + - g) Valid for packet switching. + - h) GSM/UMTS + +## 4.2 Subscriber Management + +### 4.2.1 Insert Subscriber Data requests received from a HLR due to an HLR-operator intervention + +#### 4.2.1.1 Attempted Insert Subscriber Data requests received from a HLR due to an HLR-operator intervention + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Insert Subscriber Data requests received from a HLR due to an HLR-operator intervention. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "MAP-INSERT-SUBSCRIBER-DATA" service request (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SUB.AttInsertSubscrDataHlrOp: + - SUB.AttInsertSubscrDataHlrOp Combined (don't care); + - SUB.AttInsertSubscrDataHlrOp.G GSM; + - SUB.AttInsertSubscrDataHlrOp.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.2 Delete Subscriber Data requests received from a HLR due to an HLR-operator intervention + +#### 4.2.2.1 Attempted Delete Subscriber Data requests received from a HLR due to an HLR-operator intervention + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Delete Subscriber Data requests received from a HLR due to an HLR-operator intervention. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "MAP\_DELETE\_SUBSCRIBER\_DATA" service request (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SUB.AttDeleteSubscrDataHlrOp: + - SUB.AttDeleteSubscrDataHlrOp Combined (don't care); + - SUB.AttDeleteSubscrDataHlrOp.G GSM; + +- SUB.AttDeleteSubscrDataHlrOp.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.3 SRNS Relocation + +### 4.3.1 Intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations + +The four measurements defined in the clause 4.3.1 are subject to the "3 out of 4 approach". + +NOTE: Number of Attempted intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations = Number of Successful intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations + Number of Failed intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to internal reasons + Number of Failed intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to external reasons. + +#### 4.3.1.1 Attempted intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempts intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Relocation Required" message (TS 25.413 [5]) from SRNC, where the Target ID indicates Intra SGSN SRNS Relocation. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RELOC.AttIntraSGSN. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.3.1.2 Successful intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Relocation Complete" message for intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocation (TS 25.413 [5]) from TRNC. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RELOC.SuccIntraSGSN. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.3.1.3 Failed intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to internal reasons + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to internal reasons. +- b) CC. +- c) Intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocation fails due to reasons located inside this SGSN:- internal resource problem-recovery- ... +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RELOC.FailIntraSGSNInt. + +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.3.1.4 Failed intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to external reasons + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to external reasons. +- b) CC. +- c) Intra 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocation fails due to reasons located in NE outside this SGSN:- "Relocation Preparation Failure" (TS 25.413 [5]) is sent to the SRNC- "Relocation Failure" (TS 25.413 [5]) is received from the TRNC- "Relocation Cancel" (TS 25.413 [5]) is received from the SRNC- missing expected message from RNC (timer expiry)- ... +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RELOC.FailIntraSGSNext. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.3.2 Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations + +The four measurements defined in the clause 4.3.2 are subject to the "3 out of 4 approach". + +NOTE: Number Attempted inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the old 3G-SGSN = Number of Successful inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the old 3G-SGSN + Number of Failed inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to external reasons, counted in the old 3G-SGSN + Number of Failed inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to external reasons, counted in the old 3G-SGSN. + +##### 4.3.2.1 Attempted inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the old 3G-SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Relocation Required" message (TS 25.413 [5]) from SRNC, where the Target ID indicates Inter SGSN SRNS Relocation. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RELOC.AttInterSGSN. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +##### 4.3.2.2 Successful inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the old 3G-SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the old 3G-SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Forward Relocation Complete" message (TS 29.060 [6]) from the new SGSN. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RELOC.SuccInterSGSN. + +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.3.2.3 Failed inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to internal reasons, counted in the old 3G-SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to internal reasons. +- b) CC. +- c) Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocation fails due to reasons located inside this SGSN:- internal resource problem-recovery- ... +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RELOC.FailInterSGSNInt. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.3.2.4 Failed inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to external reasons, counted in the old 3G-SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, due to external reasons. +- b) CC. +- c) Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocation fails due to reasons located in NE outside this SGSN:- the Cause in "Forward Relocation Response" (TS 29.060 [6]) from the new 3G-SGSN is not "Request Accepted"- "Relocation Preparation Failure" (TS 25.413 [5]) is sent to the SRNC- "Relocation Failure" (TS 25.413 [5]) is received from the TRNC- "Relocation Cancel" (TS 25.413 [5]) is received from the SRNC- missing expected message from RNC or new 3G-SGSN (timer expiry)- ... +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RELOC.FailInterSGSNExt. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +### 4.3.3 Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the new 3G-SGSN + +#### 4.3.3.1 Attempted inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the new 3G-SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the new 3G-SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Forward Relocation Request" message (TS 29.060 [6]) from the old SGSN. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RELOC.AttInterSGSNNew. +- f) SgsnFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.3.3.2 Successful Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the new 3G-SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful Inter 3G-SGSN SRNS Relocations, counted in the new 3G-SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of "Forward Relocation Complete" message (TS 29.060 [6]) to the old SGSN. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RELOC.SuccInterSGSNNew. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +### 4.4 Security + +#### 4.4.1 P-TMSI reallocation procedures + +##### 4.4.1.1 Attempted P-TMSI reallocation procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted P-TMSI reallocation, or implicitly as part of the Location Updating, procedures in this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of "P-TMSI REALLOCATION COMMAND" message by the SGSN (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.AttPTMSIRealloc: + - SEC.AttPTMSIRealloc Combined (don't care); + - SEC.AttPTMSIRealloc.G GSM; + - SEC.AttPTMSIRealloc.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.4.1.2 Successful P-TMSI reallocation procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully performed P-TMSI reallocation procedures in this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "P-TMSI REALLOCATION COMPLETE" message by the SGSN (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). + +- e) SEC.SuccPTMSIRealloc: + - SEC.SuccPTMSIRealloc Combined (don't care); + - SEC.SuccPTMSIRealloc.G GSM; + - SEC.SuccPTMSIRealloc.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.4.2 Identity Request procedures initiated by this SGSN + +### 4.4.2.1 Attempted Identity Request procedures initiated by this SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted Identity Request procedures initiated by this SGSN. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an "IDENTITY REQUEST" (with Identity Type = IMSI) message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.AttIdentityReqImsi: + - SEC.AttIdentityReqImsi Combined (don't care); + - SEC.AttIdentityReqImsi.G GSM; + - SEC.AttIdentityReqImsi.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.4.2.2 Successful completed Identity Request procedures initiated by this SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully completed Identity Request procedures initiated by this SGSN. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "IDENTITY RESPONSE" message with IMSI by the SGSN from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.SuccIdentityReqImsi: + - SEC.SuccIdentityReqImsi Combined (don't care); + - SEC.SuccIdentityReqImsi.G GSM; + - SEC.SuccIdentityReqImsi.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.4.3 Identification information requests sent to a partner (previous) SGSN for subscribers registering afresh in this SGSN + +#### 4.4.3.1 Attempted identification information requests sent to a partner (previous) SGSN for subscribers registering afresh in this SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of identification information requests sent to a partner (previous) SGSN for subscribers registering afresh in this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the "Identification Request" message to the old SGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.AttIdentityReqToPsgsn: + - SEC.AttIdentityReqToPsgsn Combined (don't care); + - SEC.AttIdentityReqToPsgsn.G GSM; + - SEC.AttIdentityReqToPsgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.3.2 Successful replied identification information requests that were sent to a partner (previous) SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully replied identification information requests that were sent to a partner (previous) SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of the "Identification Response" message from the old SGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.SuccIdentityReqToPsgsn: + - SEC.SuccIdentityReqToPsgsn Combined (don't care); + - SEC.SuccIdentityReqToPsgsn.G GSM; + - SEC.SuccIdentityReqToPsgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.4 Attempted Identity Requests sent to the MS + +##### 4.4.4.1 Attempted Identity Requests sent to the MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Identity Requests sent to the MS. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an "IDENTITY REQUEST" message (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.AttIdentityRequest: + - SEC.AttIdentityRequest Combined (don't care); + - SEC.AttIdentityRequest.G GSM; + - SEC.AttIdentityRequest.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.4.4.2 Successful replied Identity Requests from the MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully replied Identity Requests from the MS. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "IDENTITY RESPONSE" message (TS 24.008 [15]) from the MS. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.SuccIdentityRequest: + - SEC.SuccIdentityRequest Combined (don't care); + - SEC.SuccIdentityRequest.G GSM; + - SEC.SuccIdentityRequest.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.5 Authentication procedures that are started within this SGSN area for a subscriber using a SIM + +##### 4.4.5.1 Attempted authentication procedures that are started within this SGSN area for a subscriber using a SIM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of authentication procedures that are started within this SGSN area for a subscriber using a SIM. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an "AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING REQUEST" message to a MS using a SIM (TS 24.008 [15]). + +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.AttAuthProcsSgsnSim: + - SEC.AttAuthProcsSgsnSim Combined (don't care); + - SEC.AttAuthProcsSgsnSim.G GSM; + - SEC.AttAuthProcsSgsnSim.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.5.2 Successful authentication procedures within this SGSN area, for a subscriber using a SIM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful authentication procedures within this SGSN area, for a subscriber using a SIM. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING RESPONSE" message from the MS, using a SIM, where the receipt SRES parameter value matches the value stored in the SGSN (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.SuccAuthProcsSgsnSim: + - SEC.SuccAuthProcsSgsnSim Combined (don't care); + - SEC.SuccAuthProcsSgsnSim.G GSM; + - SEC.SuccAuthProcsSgsnSim.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.6 Authentication procedures that are started within this SGSN area for a subscriber using a USIM + +##### 4.4.6.1 Attempted authentication procedures that are started within this SGSN area for a subscriber using a USIM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of authentication procedures that are started within this SGSN area for a subscriber using a USIM. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an "AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING REQUEST" message to a MS using a USIM (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.AttAuthProcsSgsnUsim: + - SEC.AttAuthProcsSgsnUsim Combined (don't care); + - SEC.AttAuthProcsSgsnUsim.G GSM; + +- SEC.AttAuthProcsSgsnUsim.U      UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.6.2      Successful authentication procedures within this SGSN area, for a subscriber using a USIM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful authentication procedures within this SGSN area, for a subscriber using a USIM. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING RESPONSE" message from the MS , using a USIM, where the receipt RES parameter value matches the value stored in the SGSN (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.SuccAuthProcsSgsnUsim: + - SEC.SuccAuthProcsSgsnUsim      Combined (don't care); + - SEC.SuccAuthProcsSgsnUsim.G      GSM; + - SEC.SuccAuthProcsSgsnUsim.U      UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.6.3      Received ciphering and Authentication failures within this SGSN area + +- a) This measurement provides the number of ciphering and Authentication failures within this SGSN area. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING FAILURE" message from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.RecPOAuthFailSgsn: + - SEC.RecPOAuthFailSgsn      Combined (don't care); + - SEC.RecPOAuthFailSgsn.G      GSM; + - SEC.RecPOAuthFailSgsn.U      UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.7 Identification information requests that were received from a partner (new) SGSN for subscribers de-registering from this SGSN + +##### 4.4.7.1 Attempted identification information requests that were received from a partner (new) SGSN for subscribers de-registering from this SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of identification information requests that were received from a partner (new) SGSN for subscribers de-registering from this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of the "Identification Request" message from a partner (new) SGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.AttIdentityReqFromPsgsn: + - SEC.AttIdentityReqFromPsgsn Combined (don't care); + - SEC.AttIdentityReqFromPsgsn.G GSM; + - SEC.AttIdentityReqFromPsgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.4.7.2 Successfully replied identification information requests that were received from a partner (new) SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully replied identification information requests that were received from a partner (new) SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the "Identification Response" message to the new SGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.SuccIdentityReqFromPsgsn: + - SEC.SuccIdentityReqFromPsgsn Combined (don't care); + - SEC.SuccIdentityReqFromPsgsn.G GSM; + - SEC.SuccIdentityReqFromPsgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.8 SGSN context requests sent to a partner (previous) SGSN for subscribers registering afresh in this SGSN + +##### 4.4.8.1 Attempted SGSN context requests sent to a partner (previous) SGSN for subscribers registering afresh in this SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SGSN context requests sent to a partner (previous) SGSN for subscribers registering afresh in this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the "Context Request" message to the previous SGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.AttContextRequestToPsgsn: + - SEC.AttContextRequestToPsgsn Combined (don't care); + - SEC.AttContextRequestToPsgsn.G GSM; + - SEC.AttContextRequestToPsgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.4.8.2 Successfully replied SGSN context requests that were sent to a partner (previous) SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully replied SGSN context requests that were sent to a partner (previous) SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of the "Context Response" message from the previous SGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.SuccContextRequestToPsgsn: + - SEC.SuccContextRequestToPsgsn Combined (don't care); + - SEC.SuccContextRequestToPsgsn.G GSM; + - SEC.SuccContextRequestToPsgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.9 SGSN context requests received from a partner (new) SGSN for a subscriber de-registering from this SGSN + +##### 4.4.9.1 Attempted SGSN context requests received from a partner (new) SGSN for a subscriber de-registering from this SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SGSN context requests received from a partner (new) SGSN for a subscriber de-registering from this SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of the "Context Request" message from the new SGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.AttContextRequestFromPsgsn: + - SEC.AttContextRequestFromPsgsn Combined (don't care); + - SEC.AttContextRequestFromPsgsn.G GSM; + - SEC.AttContextRequestFromPsgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.4.9.2 Successfully replied SGSN context requests received from a partner (new) SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully replied SGSN context requests received from a partner (new) SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the "Context Response" message to the new SGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SEC.SuccContextRequestFromPsgsn: + - SEC.SuccContextRequestFromPsgsn Combined (don't care); + - SEC.SuccContextRequestFromPsgsn.G GSM; + - SEC.SuccContextRequestFromPsgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.10 Number of P-TMSI - IMSI correlation failures (User Identity Confidentiality (TS 23.060 [2])) + +- a) This measurement provides the number of P-TMSI - IMSI correlation failures (User Identity Confidentiality (TS 23.060 [2])). +- b) CC. + +- c) This counter is triggered before the handling of the "Security Functions" (TS 23.060 [2]), in case of "Attach Request", "Routing Area Update Request", or "Service Request": if the correlation between the received P-TMSI and the stored IMSI is not valid then this counter is incremented. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.NbrPTMSICorrFailRnc. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.4.11 Security mode control procedures started by the SGSN + +##### 4.4.11.1 Attempted security mode control procedures started by the SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of security mode control procedures started by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "SECURITY MODE COMMAND" message to the MS (TS 25.413 [5]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.AttSecMode. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +##### 4.4.11.2 Successful security mode procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful security mode procedures. The Security mode command response from MS starts the uplink integrity protection (and possible ciphering), i.e. also all following messages sent from the MS are integrity protected (and possibly ciphered). +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "SECURITY MODE COMPLETE" message from the MS (TS 25.413 [5]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.SuccSecMode. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.4.12 Ciphering procedures started by the SGSN + +##### 4.4.12.1 Attempted GSM ciphering procedures started by the SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GSM ciphering procedures started by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an "AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING REQUEST" message with ciphering activated ("Ciphering algorithm" is not "ciphering not used (0)") to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value. + +- e) SEC.AttGsmCiphering. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +#### 4.4.12.2 Successful GSM ciphering procedures started by the SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful GSM ciphering procedures started by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING RESPONSE" message with ciphering activated from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.SuccGsmCiphering. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +#### 4.4.12.3 Attempted UMTS ciphering procedures started by the SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of UMTS ciphering procedures started by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "SECURITY MODE COMMAND" message with ciphering activated ("Encryption Algorithm" is not "no encryption (0)") to the MS (TS 25.413 [5]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.AttUmtsCiphering. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.4.12.4 Successful UMTS ciphering procedures started by the SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UMTS ciphering procedures started by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "SECURITY MODE COMPLETE" message with ciphering activated from the MS (TS 25.413 [5]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.SuccUmtsCiphering. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +## 4.4.13 MAP V1 requests for authentication sets + +### 4.4.13.1 Attempted MAP V1 requests for authentication sets, sent to the HLR by SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted MAP V1 requests for authentication sets, sent to the HLR by SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "MAP V1 SEND\_AUTHENTICATION\_INFO" service request, requesting authentication sets present (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.AttReqAuthSetsHlrV1. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +### 4.4.13.2 Successful MAP V1 requests for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful MAP V1 requests for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "MAP V1 SEND\_AUTHENTICATION\_INFO" service confirmation, containing requested authentication sets (parameter "AuthenticationSetList" present TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.SuccReqAuthSetsHlrV1. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +### 4.4.13.3 Number of empty responses to the MAP V1 request for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of empty responses to the MAP V1 request for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a MAP V1 "SEND\_AUTHENTICATION\_INFO\_ACK" service confirmation, no Authentication sets present (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.NbrEmptyRespAuthSetsHlrV1. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +## 4.4.14 MAP V3 requests for Authentication sets + +### 4.4.14.1 Attempted MAP V3 requests for Authentication sets sent to the HLR by SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted MAP V3 requests for Authentication sets sent to the HLR by SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a MAP V3 "SEND\_AUTHENTICATION\_INFO" service request, requesting authentication sets present (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.AttReqAuthSetsHlrV3. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +### 4.4.14.2 Successful MAP V3 requests for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful MAP V3 requests for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a MAP V3 "SEND\_AUTHENTICATION\_INFO" service confirmation, containing requested authentication sets (parameter "AuthenticationSetList" present TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.SuccReqAuthSetsHlrV3. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +### 4.4.14.3 Number of empty responses to the MAP V3 request for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of empty responses to the MAP V3 request for authentication sets that were sent to the HLR. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a MAP V3 "SEND\_AUTHENTICATION\_INFO\_ACK" service confirmation, no Authentication sets present (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SEC.NbrEmptyRespAuthSetsHlrV3. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +## 4.5 Void + +## 4.6 Session Management + +### 4.6.1 PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS + +#### 4.6.1.1 Attempted PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted PDP context activation procedures. These include the static as well as the dynamic PDP addresses. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "Activate PDP Context Request" message from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SM.AttActPdpContext: + - SM.AttActPdpContext Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttActPdpContext.G GSM; + - SM.AttActPdpContext.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.1.2 Successful PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully completed PDP context activations. For these context activations, the GGSN is updated successfully. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "Activate PDP Context Accept" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SuccActPdpContext: + - SM.SuccActPdpContext Combined (don't care); + - SM.SuccActPdpContext.G GSM; + - SM.SuccActPdpContext.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.1.3 Failed PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Failed PDP context activation procedures. These include the static as well as the dynamic PDP addresses. This measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. + +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of an ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REJECT message indicating a PDP context activation failure, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the failure cause. Possible causes are included in TS 24.008 [15] Annex I. The sum of all supported per cause measurements should equal the total number of PDP context activation failures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type as defined in e). The number of measurements is equal to the number of implemented per cause measurements plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SM.FailActPdpCtxtMs.Cause where Cause identifies the failure cause. + - SM. FailActPdpCtxtMs.Cause Combined (don't care); + - SM. FailActPdpCtxtMs.Cause.G GSM; + - SM. FailActPdpCtxtMs.Cause.U UMTS;where Cause identifies the failure cause. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.6.2 dynamic PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS + +### 4.6.2.1 Attempted dynamic PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted PDP context activation requests where a dynamic PDP address is required to be used. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "Activate PDP Context Request" message from the MS with an empty PDP address (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.AttActPdpContextDyn: + - SM.AttActPdpContextDyn Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttActPdpContextDyn.G GSM; + - SM.AttActPdpContextDyn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.6.2.2 Successful dynamic PDP context activation procedures initiated by MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully completed PDP context activations where a dynamic PDP address is used. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "Activate PDP Context Accept" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]), the PDP address has been dynamically assigned. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). + +- e) SM.SuccActPdpContextDyn: + - SM.SuccActPdpContextDyn Combined (don't care); + - SM.SuccActPdpContextDyn.G GSM; + - SM.SuccActPdpContextDyn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.3 Mean number of activated PDP contexts + +- a) Mean number of activated PDP contexts. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval, the number activated PDP contexts, and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.MeanActPDPContext: + - SM.MeanActPDPContext Combined (don't care); + - SM.MeanActPDPContext.G GSM; + - SM.MeanActPDPContext.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.4 PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the MS + +##### 4.6.4.1 Attempted PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the MS. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "Deactivate PDP Context Request" message from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.AttDeactPdpContextMs: + - SM.AttDeactPdpContextMs Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttDeactPdpContextMs.G GSM; + - SM.AttDeactPdpContextMs.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.4.2 Successful PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully completed PDP context deactivations. For these context deactivations, the GGSN is updated successfully (i.e. deletion of the PDP context). +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "Deactivate PDP Context Accept" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SuccDeactPdpContextMs: + - SM.SuccDeactPdpContextMs Combined (don't care); + - SM.SuccDeactPdpContextMs.G GSM; + - SM.SuccDeactPdpContextMs.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.5 Number of active PDP context + +- a) This measurement provides the number of active PDP context. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) GAUGE. +- c) The gauge will be incremented when a PDP context is created and will be decremented when a PDP context is deleted. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.NbrActPdpContext: + - SM.NbrActPdpContext Combined (don't care); + - SM.NbrActPdpContext.G GSM; + - SM.NbrActPdpContext.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.6 Subscribers with activated PDP context + +##### 4.6.6.1 Number of subscribers with activated PDP context + +- a) This measurement provides the number of subscribers having an activated PDP context (i.e. subscribers that can send/receive GPRS packet data). +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Addition of first PDP context or removal of last PDP context in SGSN location register for a particular subscriber. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). + +- e) SM.NbrActivePdpPerSgsn: + - SM.NbrActivePdpPerSgsn Combined (don't care); + - SM.NbrActivePdpPerSgsn.G GSM; + - SM.NbrActivePdpPerSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.6.2 Mean number of subscribers with activated PDP context + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of subscribers having an activated PDP context (i.e. subscribers that can send/receive GPRS packet data). +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers having an activated PDP context in SGSN and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.MeanActivePdpPerSgsn: + - SM.MeanActivePdpPerSgsn Combined (don't care); + - SM.MeanActivePdpPerSgsn.G GSM; + - SM.MeanActivePdpPerSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.6.3 Max number of subscribers with activated PDP context + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of subscribers having an activated PDP context (i.e. subscribers that can send/receive GPRS packet data). +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers having an activated PDP context in SGSN and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.MaxActivePdpPerSgsn: + - SM.MaxActivePdpPerSgsn Combined (don't care); + - SM.MaxActivePdpPerSgsn.G GSM; + - SM.MaxActivePdpPerSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.6.4 Mean number of subscribers with activated PDP context and direct tunnel + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of subscribers having an activated PDP context with direct tunnel. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach" +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers having an activated PDP context in SGSN which has established direct tunnel between RAN and GGSN, and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|-----------------------|-----------| +| SUB.MeanActivePdpDt | Combined; | +| SUB.MeanActivePdpDt.G | GSM; | +| SUB.MeanActivePdpDt.U | UMTS. | +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.6.5 Max number of subscribers with activated PDP context and direct tunnel + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of subscribers having an activated PDP context with direct tunnel. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers having an activated PDP context in SGSN which has established direct tunnel between RAN and GGSN, and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|----------------------|-----------| +| SUB.MaxActivePdpDt | Combined; | +| SUB.MaxActivePdpDt.G | GSM; | +| SUB.MaxActivePdpDt.U | UMTS. | +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.7 Void + +#### 4.6.8 PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the GGSN + +##### 4.6.8.1 Attempted PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the GGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the GGSN. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "Delete PDP Context Request" message from the GGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.AttDeactPdpContextGgsn: + - SM.AttDeactPdpContextGgsn            Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttDeactPdpContextGgsn.G        GSM; + +- SM.AttDeactPdpContextGgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.8.2 Successful PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the GGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully handled PDP context deactivations initiated by the GGSN. For these context deactivations, the MS has accepted the PDP context deactivation. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "Delete PDP Context Response" message to the GGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SuccDeactPdpContextGgsn: + - SM.SsuccDeactPdpContextGgsn Combined (don't care); + - SM.SsuccDeactPdpContextGgsn.G GSM; + - SM.SsuccDeactPdpContextGgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.9 PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the SGSN + +##### 4.6.9.1 Attempted PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the SGSN. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "Delete PDP Context Request" message to the GGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.AttDeactPdpContextSgsn: + - SM.AttDeactPdpContextSgsn Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttDeactPdpContextSgsn.G GSM; + - SM.AttDeactPdpContextSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.6.9.2 Successful PDP context deactivations initiated by the SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully handled PDP context deactivations initiated by the SGSN. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "deactivate PDP Context Accept" message from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SuccDeactPdpContextSgsn: + - SM.SuccDeactPdpContextSgsn Combined (don't care); + - SM.SuccDeactPdpContextSgsn.G GSM; + - SM.SuccDeactPdpContextSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.9.3 Abnormal PDP context Deactivation procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the SGSN. This measurement is split into subcounters per cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "Delete PDP Context Request" message to the GGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). the measurement is incremented according to the deletion cause. Possible causes are included in TS 24.008 [15]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements should equal the total number of PDP context activation failures. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SM.AttDeactPdpContextSgsn.cause +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.10 SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures + +##### 4.6.10.1 Attempted SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures. An Update PDP Context Request message shall be sent from a SGSN to a GGSN as part of the GPRS Inter SGSN Routeing Update procedure or the PDP Context Modification procedure or to redistribute contexts due to load sharing. It shall be used to change the QoS and the path. The message shall be sent by the new SGSN at the Inter SGSN Routeing Update procedure. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an "Update PDP Context Request" message to the GGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.AttUpdPdpContextSgsn: + - SM.AttUpdPdpContextSgsn Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttUpdPdpContextSgsn.G GSM; + - SM.AttUpdPdpContextSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.10.2 Successful SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully handled SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures. These updates are performed successfully when a positive update PDP context response is received from the GGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "Update PDP Context Response" message from the GGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SsuccUpdPdpContextSgsn: + - SM.SsuccUpdPdpContextSgsn Combined (don't care); + - SM.SsuccUpdPdpContextSgsn.G GSM; + - SM.SsuccUpdPdpContextSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.10.3 Attempted SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures with direct tunnel + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures with direct tunnel. An Update PDP Context Request message shall be sent from a SGSN to a GGSN as part of the GPRS Inter SGSN Routing Update procedure or the PDP Context Modification procedure or to redistribute contexts due to load sharing. It shall be used to change the QoS and the path. The message shall be sent by the new SGSN at the Inter SGSN Routing Update procedure. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach" +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an "Update PDP Context Request" message to the GGSN, which contains DTI to indicate that direct tunnel is used (TS 23.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.AttUpdPdpContextWithDtiSgsn + - SM.AttUpdPdpContextWithDtiSgsn Combined + - SM.AttUpdPdpContextWithDtiSgsn.G GSM; + - SM.AttUpdPdpContextWithDtiSgsn.U UMTS +- i) SgsnFunction. +- j) Valid for packet switching. +- k) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.10.4 Successful SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures with direct tunnel + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully handled SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures with direct tunnel. These updates are performed successfully when a positive update PDP context response is received from the GGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach" +- b) CC. + +- c) Receipt of an "Update PDP Context Response" message from the GGSN with the value of cause is "Request Accepted". Which contains DTI to indicate that direct tunnel is used (TS 23.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SuccUpdPdpContextWithDtiSgsn      Combined; +           SM.SuccUpdPdpContextWithDtiSgsn.G      GSM; +           SM.SuccUpdPdpContextWithDtiSgsn.U      UMTS +- i) SgsnFunction. +- j) Valid for packet switching. +- k) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.6.11 GGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures + +### 4.6.11.1 Attempted GGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted GGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures. An Update PDP Context Request may also be sent from a GGSN to a SGSN to re-negotiate the QoS of a PDP context. This GGSN-initiated Update PDP Context Request can also be used to provide a PDP address to the SGSN (and MS). The latter shall be used by GGSN when it acts as a DHCP Relay Agent or Mobil IP Foreign Agent. + The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "Update PDP Context Request" message from the GGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.AttUpdPdpContextGgsn: + - SM.AttUpdPdpContextGgsn      Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttUpdPdpContextGgsn.G      GSM; + - SM.AttUpdPdpContextGgsn.U      UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.6.11.2 Successful GGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully handled GGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures. These updates are performed successfully when a positive update PDP context response is received from the SGSN. + The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an "Update PDP Context Response" message to the GGSN (TS 29.060 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SuccUpdPdpContextGgsn: + - SM.SuccUpdPdpContextGgsn      Combined (don't care); + - SM.SuccUpdPdpContextGgsn.G      GSM; + - SM.SuccUpdPdpContextGgsn.U      UMTS. + +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.6.12 SGSN-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures + +### 4.6.12.1 Attempted SGSN-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted SGSN-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an "Modify PDP Context Request" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.AttModPdpContextSgsn: + - SM.AttModPdpContextSgsn Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttModPdpContextSgsn.G GSM; + - SM.AttModPdpContextSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.6.12.2 Successfully SGSN-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully handled SGSN-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures. These modifications are performed successfully when a positive Modify PDP Context Accept is received from the MS. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "Modify PDP Context Accept" message from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SuccModPdpContextSgsn: + - SM.SuccModPdpContextSgsn Combined (don't care); + - SM.SuccModPdpContextSgsn.G GSM; + - SM.SuccModPdpContextSgsn.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.6.13 MS-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures + +### 4.6.13.1 Attempted MS-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted MS-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an "Modify PDP Context Request" message from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.AttModPdpContextMs: + - SM.AttModPdpContextMs Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttModPdpContextMs.G GSM; + - SM.AttModPdpContextMs.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.13.2 Successfully MS-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully handled MS-Initiated PDP context modifications procedures. These modifications are performed successfully when a positive Modify PDP Context Accept is received from the MS. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an "Modify PDP Context Accept" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SsuccModPdpContextMs: + - SM.SsuccModPdpContextMs Combined (don't care); + - SM.SsuccModPdpContextMs.G GSM; + - SM.SsuccModPdpContextMs.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.14 Secondary PDP context activation procedures + +##### 4.6.14.1 Attempted Secondary PDP context activation procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted Secondary PDP context activation procedures. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "Activate Secondary PDP Context Request" message from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.AttActSecondPdpContext: + - SM.AttActSecondPdpContext Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttActSecondPdpContext.G GSM; + - SM.AttActSecondPdpContext.U UMTS. + +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.14.2 Successful Secondary PDP context activations + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully completed Secondary PDP context activations. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a "Activate Secondary PDP Context Accept" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SuccActSecondPdpContext: + - SM.SuccActSecondPdpContext Combined (don't care); + - SM.SuccActSecondPdpContext.G GSM; + - SM.SuccActSecondPdpContext.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.15 PDP context activation procedures initiated by Network + +##### 4.6.15.1 Attempted PDP context activation procedures initiated by Network + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted PDP context activation procedures initiated by Network. These include the static as well as the dynamic PDP addresses. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "PDU Notification Request" message from the MS (TS29.060 [6]) message from GGSN. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SM.AttActPdpCtxtNtwk: + - SM.AttActPdpCtxtNtwk Combined (don't care); + - SM.AttActPdpCtxtNtwk.G GSM; + - SM.AttActPdpCtxtNtwk.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.6.15.2 Successful PDP context activation procedures initiated by Network + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful PDP context activation procedures. These include the static as well as the dynamic PDP addresses. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. + +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of a "Activate PDP Context Accept" message (TS 24.008 [15]) to MS for the PDP context activation initiated by Network. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SM.SuccActPdpCtxtNtwk: + - SM.SuccActPdpCtxtNtwk Combined (don't care); + - SM.SuccActPdpCtxtNtwk.G GSM; + - SM.SuccActPdpCtxtNtwk.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.15.3 Failed PDP context activation procedures initiated by Network + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Failed PDP context activation procedures. These include the static as well as the dynamic PDP addresses. This measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a " REQUEST PDP CONTEXT ACTIVATION REJECT " message from the MS (TS 24.008 [15]) message indicating a PDP context activation failure, the measurement is incremented according to the failure cause. Possible causes are included in TS 24.008 [15]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements should equal the total number of PDP context activation failures. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form SM.FailActPdpCtxtNtwk.Cause where Cause identifies the failure cause. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.16 PDP Context set-up time, initiated by MS (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean time it takes for the SGSN to establish a PDP context during each collection interval. The measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class per APN (see TS 23.003 [9] for APN definition), these measurements will only be provided for a subset of all APNs. The way the list of monitored APNs is configured is outside the scope of this TS. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for each successful mobile originated PDP context activation between the receipt by the SGSN of an " ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST" from the MS and the corresponding transmission by the SGSN to the MS of an "ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT" message over a granularity period using DER, see TS 29.060 [6], TS 24.008 [15] and TS 23.107 [8] for service class definitions. This end value of the time will then be divided by the number of successful mobile originated PDP context activations observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean, the accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value.(in milliseconds). +- e) SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMOMean.Conv + SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMOMean.Strm + SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMOMean.Intact + SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMOMean.Bgrd. + +- f) SgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.17 PDP Context set-up time, initiated by MS (Max) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum time it takes for the SGSN to establish a PDP context during each collection interval. The measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class per APN (see TS 23.003 [9] for APN definition), these measurements will only be provided for a subset of all APNs. The way the list of monitored APNs is configured is outside the scope of this TS. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by monitoring the time intervals for each successful mobile originated PDP context activation between the receipt by the SGSN of an "ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST" from the MS and the corresponding transmission by the SGSN to the MS of an "ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT" message over a granularity period using DER, see TS 29.060 [6], TS 24.008 [15] and TS 23.107 [8] for service class definitions. The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value.(in milliseconds). +- e) SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMOMax.Conv +SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMOMax.Strm +SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMOMax.Intact +SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMOMax.Bgrd +- f) SgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.6.18 PDP Context set-up time, initiated by Network (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean time it takes for the SGSN to establish a PDP context initiated by the network during each collection interval. The measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class per APN (see TS 23.003 [9] for APN definition), these measurements will only be provided for a subset of all APNs. The way the list of monitored APNs is configured is outside the scope of this TS. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for each successful mobile terminated PDP context activation between the transmission by the SGSN of a "REQUEST PDP CONTEXT ACTIVATION" for the MS and the corresponding transmission by the SGSN to the MS of an "ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT" message over a granularity period using DER, see TS 29.060 [6], TS 24.008 [15] and TS 23.107 [8] for service class definitions. This end value of the time will then be divided by the number of successful mobile originated PDP context activations observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean, the accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value.(in milliseconds). +- e) SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMTMean.Conv +SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMTMean.Strm +SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMTMean.Intact +SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMTMean.Bgrd. +- f) SgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.6.19 PDP Context set-up time, initiated by Network (Max) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum time it takes for the SGSN to establish a PDP context initiated by the network during each collection interval. The measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class per APN (see TS 23.003 [9] for APN definition), these measurements will only be provided for a subset of all APNs. The way the list of monitored APNs is configured is outside the scope of this TS. +- b) GAUGE +- c) This measurement is obtained by monitoring the time intervals for each successful mobile terminated PDP context activation between the transmission by the SGSN of a "REQUEST PDP CONTEXT ACTIVATION" for the MS and the corresponding transmission by the SGSN to the MS of an "ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT" message over a granularity period using DER, see TS 29.060 [6], TS 24.008 [15] and TS 23.107 [8] for service class definitions. The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value.(in milliseconds). +- e) SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMTMax.Conv +SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMTMax.Strm +SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMTMax.Intact +SM. SuccActPdpContextAPNTimeMTMax.Bgrd. +- f) SgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.6.20 Service Request related measurement + +The total service requests include both MS initiated and Network initiated service requests. + +The three measurement types defined in this clause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +### 4.6.20.1 Attempted Service Request procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the total number of attempted Service Request procedures. The measurement defined in e) is subject to 2 out of 3 approaches. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "SERVICE REQUEST" message from the MS (TS 23.060). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SM. ServiceReqAtt + - SM. ServiceReqAtt Combined (don't care); + - SM. ServiceReqAtt.U UMTS; + - SM. ServiceReqAtt.G GSM. +- f) SGSNFunction +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS + +### 4.6.20.2 Successful Service Request procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the total number of successful Service Request procedures. The measurement defined in e) is subject to 2 out of 3 approaches. +- b) CC. + +- c) Transmission of "SERVICE ACCEPT" message to the MS as a result of Service Request procedure. (TS23.060) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SM.ServiceReqSucc. + - SM. ServiceReqSucc Combined (don't care); + - SM. ServiceReqSucc.U UMTS; + - SM. ServiceReqSucc.G GSM. +- f) SGSNFunction +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS + +#### 4.6.20.3 Failed Service Request procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the total number of failed Service Request procedures. The measurement defined in e) is subject to 2 out of 3 approaches. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of "SERVICE REJECT" message to the MS as a result of Service Request procedure. Possible reject causes are defined within TS 24.008. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall be equal to the total number of failed Service Request procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix + +SM.ServiceReqFail.Cause + - SM. ServiceReqFail.Cause Combined (don't care); + - SM. ServiceReqFail.Cause.U UMTS; + - SM. ServiceReqFail.Cause.G GSM.where *Cause* identifies the reject cause. +- e) SGSNFunction +- f) Valid for packet switching. +- g) GSM/UMTS + +#### 4.6.21 Mean number of activated PDP contexts with direct tunnel related measurements + +- a) This measurement provides mean number of activated PDP contexts with direct tunnel. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval, the number of activated PDP contexts with established direct tunnel (see TS 23.060 SGSN PDP Contexts, DTI is used to instruct the GGSN to apply Direct Tunnel) , and then taking the arithmetic mean. (TS 23.060) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SM. MeanActPDPContextDT +- f) SGSNFunction +- g) Valid for packet switching. + +- h) GSM/UMTS + +## 4.7 CAMEL Measurements + +### 4.7.1 CAMEL dialogues + +#### 4.7.1.1 Attempted CAMEL dialogues + +- a) Total number of CAMEL dialogue attempts. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when a TDP (Trigger Detection Point) is reached and CAP is informed. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) CAM.AttCamelDialogues: + - CAM.AttCamelDialogues Combined (don't care); + - CAM.AttCamelDialogues.G GSM; + - CAM.AttCamelDialogues.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.7.1.2 Failed CAMEL dialogues, aborted locally by gprsSSF + +- a) Number of failed CAMEL dialogues, aborted locally by gprsSSF. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when a CAMEL dialogue is aborted locally by SSF. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) CAM.FailDialoguesSsf: + - CAM.FailDialoguesSsf Combined (don't care); + - CAM.FailDialoguesSsf.G GSM; + - CAM.FailDialoguesSsf.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.7.1.3 Failed CAMEL dialogues, error or reject from gsmSCF + +- a) Number of failed CAMEL dialogues, error or reject from gsmSCF. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when a CAMEL dialogue is aborted by SCF. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). + +- e) CAM.FailDialoguesScf: + - CAM.FailDialoguesScf Combined (don't care); + - CAM.FailDialoguesScf.G GSM; + - CAM.FailDialoguesScf.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.8 UMTS-GSM Intersystem Change + +### 4.8.1 Intra SGSN inter system changes from UMTS to GSM + +#### 4.8.1.1 Attempted intra SGSN inter system changes from UMTS to GSM + +- a) Number of attempted intra SGSN inter system changes from UMTS to GSM. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Routing Area Update REQUEST" message from the MS, where the SGSN determines that it concerns a intra SGSN inter system changes from UMTS to GSM. (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) ISYSC.AttIntraSgsnUmtsGsmRau. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.8.1.2 Successful intra SGSN inter system changes from UMTS to GSM + +- a) Successful intra SGSN inter system changes from UMTS to GSM. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of "ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). Only the cases where this message is sent for "UMTS to GSM Intra SGSN Change" are counted. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) ISYSC.SuccIntraSgsnUmtsGsmRau. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.8.1.3 Failed intra SGSN inter system changes UMTS to GSM RAU, due to internal reasons + +- a) Number of failed intra SGSN inter system UMTS to GSM RAU, due to internal reasons. +- b) CC. +- c) "UMTS to GSM Intra SGSN Change" fails due to reasons located inside this 2G+3G-SGSN:- internal resource problem- recovery- ... + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) ISYSC.FailIntraSgsnUmtsGsmRauInt. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.8.1.4 Failed intra SGSN inter system changes UMTS to GSM RAU, due to external reasons + +- a) Number of failed intra SGSN inter system UMTS to GSM RAU, due to external reasons. +- b) CC. +- c) "UMTS to GSM Intra SGSN Change" fails due to reasons located in NE outside this 2G+3G-SGSN, such as abnormal (reject, failure,..)/missing responses from SRNS, MSC/VLR, HLR, ... +- d) A single integer value. +- e) ISYSC.FailIntraSgsnUmtsGsmRauExt. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +### 4.8.2 Intra SGSN inter system changes from GSM to UMTS + +#### 4.8.2.1 Attempted intra SGSN inter system changes from GSM to UMTS + +- a) Number of attempted intra SGSN inter system changes from GSM to UMTS. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of "Routing Area Update REQUEST" message from the MS, where the SGSN determines that it concerns a intra SGSN inter system changes from GSM to UMTS (TS 24.008 [15]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) ISYSC.AttIntraSgsnGsmUmtsRau. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.8.2.2 Successful intra SGSN inter system changes from GSM to UMTS + +- a) Successful intra SGSN inter system changes from GSM to UMTS. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of "ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT" message to the MS (TS 24.008 [15]). Only the cases where this message is sent for "GSM to UMTS Intra SGSN Change" are counted. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) ISYSC.SuccIntraSgsnGsmUmtsRau. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. + +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.8.2.3 Failed intra SGSN inter system changes GSM to UMTS RAU, due to internal reasons + +- a) Number of failed intra SGSN inter system GSM to UMTS RAU, due to internal reasons. +- b) CC. +- c) "GSM to UMTS Intra SGSN Change" fails due to reasons located inside this 2G+3G-SGSN:- internal resource problem- recovery- ... +- d) A single integer value. +- e) ISYSC.FailIntraSgsnGsmUmtsRauInt. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.8.2.4 Failed intra SGSN inter system changes GSM to UMTS RAU, due to external reasons + +- a) Number of failed intra SGSN inter system GSM to UMTS RAU, due to external reasons. +- b) CC. +- c) "GSM to UMTS Intra SGSN Change" fails due to reasons located in NE outside this 2G+3G-SGSN, such as abnormal (reject, failure,..)/missing responses from SRNS, MSC/VLR, HLR, ... +- d) A single integer value. +- e) ISYSC.FailIntraSgsnGsmUmtsRauExt. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +### 4.9 UMTS GTP Measurements + +#### 4.9.1 GTP-U Iu + +##### 4.9.1.1 Number of outgoing GTP data packets on the Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP data PDUs which have been generated by the GTP-U protocol entity on the Iu interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of a GTP data PDU on the Iu interface to the MS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) GTP.GtpuOutDataPktIu. +- f) SgsnFunction +IupsLink. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.9.1.2 Number of incoming GTP data packets on the Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP data PDUs which have been accepted and processed by the GTP-U protocol entity on the Iu interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Reception by the SGSN of a GTP data PDU on the Iu interface from the MS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) GTP.GtpuInDataPktIu. +- f) SgsnFunction +IupsLink. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.9.1.3 Number of octets of outgoing GTP data packets on the Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the byte number of outgoing data packets on the Iu interface without the GTP-U header. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of an GTP-Data-PDU (T-PDU) on the Iu interface to the MS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) GTP.GtpuOutDataOctIu. +- f) SgsnFunction +IupsLink. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.9.1.4 Number of octets of incoming GTP data packets on the Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the byte number of incoming data packets on the Iu interface without the GTP-U header. +- b) CC. +- c) Reception by the SGSN of an GTP-Data-PDU (T-PDU) on the Iu interface from the MS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) GTP.GtpuInDataOctIu. +- f) SgsnFunction +IupsLink. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) UMTS. + +## 4.9.2 GTP Gn + +### 4.9.2.1 Number of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP data PDUs which have been generated by the GTP protocol entity on the Gn interface. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of a GTP data PDU on the Gn interface to the GGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutDataPktGnGGSN: + - GTP.OutDataPktGnGGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.OutDataPktGnGGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.OutDataPktGnGGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +### 4.9.2.2 Number of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from GGSN to SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP Data PDUs which have been accepted and processed by the GTP protocol entity on the Gn interface. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Reception by the SGSN of a GTP data PDU on the Gn interface from the GGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.InDataPktGnGGSN: + - GTP.InDataPktGnGGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.InDataPktGnGGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.InDataPktGnGGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +### 4.9.2.3 Number of octets of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of an GTP-Data-PDU (T-PDU) on the Gn interface to the GGSN. + +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutDataOctGnGGSN: + - GTP.OutDataOctGnGGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.OutDataOctGnGGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.OutDataOctGnGGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.4 Number of octets of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from GGSN to SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Reception by the SGSN of an GTP-Data-PDU (T-PDU) on the Gn interface from the GGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.InDataOctGnGGSN: + - GTP.InDataOctGnGGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.InDataOctGnGGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.InDataOctGnGGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.5 Number of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP signalling PDUs which have been generated by the GTP protocol entity on the Gn interface. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of a GTP signalling PDU on the Gn interface to the GGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutSigPktGnGGSN: + - GTP.OutSigPktGnGGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.OutSigPktGnGGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.OutSigPktGnGGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. + +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.6 Number of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from GGSN to SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP signalling PDUs which have been accepted and processed by the GTP protocol entity on the Gn interface. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Reception by the SGSN of a GTP signalling PDU on the Gn interface from the GGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.InSigPktGnGGSN: + - GTP.InSigPktGnGGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.InSigPktGnGGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.InSigPktGnGGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.7 Number of octets of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to GGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of an GTP-Signalling-PDU on the Gn interface to the GGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutSigOctGnGGSN: + - GTP.OutSigOctGnGGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.OutSigOctGnGGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.OutSigOctGnGGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.8 Number of octets of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from GGSN to SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Reception by the SGSN of an GTP-Signalling-PDU on the Gn interface from the GGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). + +e) GTP.InSigOctGnGGSN: + +- GTP.InSigOctGnGGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; +- GTP.InSigOctGnGGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; +- GTP.InSigOctGnGGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. + +f) SgsnFunction. + +g) Valid for packet switching. + +h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.9 Number of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to SGSN + +a) This measurement provides the number of GTP data PDUs which have been generated by the GTP protocol entity on the Gn interface. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +b) CC. + +c) Transmission by the SGSN of a GTP data PDU on the Gn interface to the SGSN. + +d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). + +e) GTP.OutDataPktGnSGSN: + +- GTP.OutDataPktGnSGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; +- GTP.OutDataPktGnSGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; +- GTP.OutDataPktGnSGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. + +f) SgsnFunction. + +g) Valid for packet switching. + +h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.10 Number of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to SGSN + +a) This measurement provides the number of GTP Data PDUs which have been accepted and processed by the GTP protocol entity on the Gn interface. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +b) CC. + +c) Reception by the SGSN of a GTP data PDU on the Gn interface from the SGSN. + +d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). + +e) GTP.InDataPktGnSGSN: + +- GTP.InDataPktGnSGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; +- GTP.InDataPktGnSGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; +- GTP.InDataPktGnSGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. + +f) SgsnFunction. + +g) Valid for packet switching. + +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.11 Number of octets of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of an GTP-Data-PDU (T-PDU) on the Gn interface to the SGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutDataOctGnSGSN: + - GTP.OutDataOctGnSGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.OutDataOctGnSGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.OutDataOctGnSGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.12 Number of octets of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Reception by the SGSN of an GTP-Data-PDU (T-PDU) on the Gn interface from the SGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.InDataOctGnSGSN: + - GTP.InDataOctGnSGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.InDataOctGnSGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.InDataOctGnSGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.13 Number of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP signalling PDUs which have been generated by the GTP protocol entity on the Gn interface. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of a GTP signalling PDU on the Gn interface to the SGSN. + +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutSigPktGnSGSN: + - GTP.OutSigPktGnSGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.OutSigPktGnSGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.OutSigPktGnSGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.14 Number of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP signalling PDUs which have been accepted and processed by the GTP protocol entity on the Gn interface. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Reception by the SGSN of a GTP signalling PDU on the Gn interface from the SGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.InSigPktGnSGSN: + - GTP.InSigPktGnSGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.InSigPktGnSGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.InSigPktGnSGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.15 Number of octets of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of an GTP-Signalling-PDU on the Gn interface to the SGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutSigOctGnSGSN: + - GTP.OutSigOctGnSGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.OutSigOctGnSGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.OutSigOctGnSGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.9.2.16 Number of octets of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface, from SGSN to SGSN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Reception by the SGSN of an GTP-Signalling-PDU on the Gn interface from the SGSN. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.InSigOctGnSGSN: + - GTP.InSigOctGnSGSN the total regardless of the GTP version used; + - GTP.InSigOctGnSGSN.v0 only the GTPv0 part; + - GTP.InSigOctGnSGSN.v1 only the GTPv1 part. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +### 4.10 UMTS Bearer Service + +#### 4.10.1 UMTS Bearer Service CS time to register (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean time it takes for the subscribers to register with the network for circuit switched (CS) services during each granularity period. +- b) DER (n=1) +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for each successful attach between the receipt by the VLR of an "ATTACH REQUEST" from the MS and the corresponding receipt by the VLR of an "ATTACH COMPLETE" message over a granularity period using DER, see TS 24.008 [15]. This end value of the time will then be divided by the number of successful attach requests for CS domain observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean, the accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value.(in milliseconds). +- e) UBS.TimeToRegisterCSMean +- f) VlrFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.10.2 UMTS Bearer Service CS time to register (Max) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum time it takes for the subscribers to register with the network for circuit switched (CS) services during each granularity period. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by monitoring the time intervals for each successful attach between the receipt by the VLR of an "ATTACH REQUEST" from the MS and the corresponding receipt by the VLR of an + +"ATTACH COMPLETE" message over a granularity period, see TS 24.008 [15]. The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value.(in milliseconds). +- e) UBS.TimeToRegisterCSMax. +- f) VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.10.3 UMTS Bearer Service PS time to register (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean time it takes for the subscribers to register with the network for packet switched (PS) services during each granularity period. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for each successful attach between the receipt by the SGSN of an "ATTACH REQUEST" from the MS and the corresponding receipt by the SGSN of an "ATTACH COMPLETE" message over a granularity period using DER, see TS 24.008 [15]. This end value of the time will then be divided by the number of successful attach requests for PS domain observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value.(in milliseconds). +- e) UBS.TimeToRegisterPSMean. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.10.4 UMTS Bearer Service PS time to register (Max) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum time it takes for the subscribers to register with the network for packet switched (PS) services during each granularity period. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by monitoring the time intervals for each successful attach between the receipt by the SGSN of an "ATTACH REQUEST" from the MS and the corresponding receipt by the SGSN of an "ATTACH COMPLETE" message over a granularity period using DER, see TS 24.008 [15]. The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value.(in milliseconds). +- e) UBS.TimeToRegisterPSMax. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.10.5 UMTS Bearer Service time to establish Communications Management (CM) radio access connectivity (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean time it takes for the radio access network to establish a service connection (for circuit switched connection establishment, supplementary services activation, short message transfer, location services) during each granularity period. + +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for each successful service request between the receipt by the MSC of a "CM SERVICE REQUEST" from the MS and the corresponding receipt by the MSC of an "CM SERVICE ACCEPT" message over a granularity period using DER, see TS 24.008 [15]. This end value of the time will then be divided by the number of successful service requests observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean, the accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value.(in milliseconds). +- e) UBS.TimeForCMConnectRANMean. +- f) MscFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.10.6 UMTS Bearer Service time to establish Communications Management (CM) radio access connectivity (Max) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum time it takes for the radio access network to establish a service connection (for circuit switched connection establishment, supplementary services activation, short message transfer, location services) during each granularity period. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by monitoring the time intervals for each successful service request between the receipt by the MSC of a "CM SERVICE REQUEST" from the MS and the corresponding receipt by the MSC of an "CM SERVICE ACCEPT" message over a granularity period, see TS 24.008 [15]. The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value.(in milliseconds). +- e) UBS.TimeForCMConnectRANMax +- f) MscFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +### 4.11 LLC frames + +#### 4.11.1 Number of LLC frames sent + +- f) This measurement provides the number of LLC frames sent by the SGSN. +- g) CC. +- h) Transmission of a LLC frame to a peer entity (TS 44.064 [11]). +- i) A single integer value +- j) LLC.NbrFramesSent. +- k) SgsnFunction. +- l) Valid for packet switching. +- m) GSM. + +#### 4.11.2 Number of LLC frames received + +- a) This measurement provides the number of LLC frames received by the SGSN. + +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a LLC frame from a peer entity before any error checking (TS 44.064 [11]). +- d) A single integer value +- e) LLC.NbrFramesReceived. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +### 4.11.3 Number of erroneous LLC frames received + +- a) This measurement provides the number of erroneous LLC frames received by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Discard of an erroneous LLC frame received from a peer entity (TS 44.064 [11]). +- d) A single integer value +- e) LLC.NbrErroneousFrames. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +### 4.11.4 Number of LLC frames retransmitted + +- a) This measurement provides the number of LLC frames retransmitted in LLC acknowledge mode by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a NACK or SACK frame from a peer entity (TS 44.064 [11]). +- d) A single integer value +- e) LLC.NbrFramesRetransmitted. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +## 4.12 SNDCP N-PDUs + +### 4.12.1 Number of SNDCP N-PDUs sent + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SNDCP N-PDUs sent by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a SN-DATA or SN-UNITDATA request (TS 44.065 [12]). +- d) A single integer value +- e) SNDCP.NbrNpdusSent. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. + +- h) GSM. + +#### 4.12.2 Number of SNDPC N-PDU octets sent + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets in SNDPC N-PDUs sent by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a SN-DATA or SN-UNITDATA request (TS 44.065 [12]). +- d) A single integer value +- e) SNDPC.NbrNpduOctetsSent. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +#### 4.12.3 Number of SNDPC N-PDUs received + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SNDPC N-PDUs received by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a SN-DATA or SN-UNITDATA indication (TS 44.065 [12]). +- d) A single integer value +- e) SNDPC.NbrNpdusReceived. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +#### 4.12.4 Number of SNDPC N-PDU octets received + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets in SNDPC N-PDUs received by the SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a SN-DATA or SN-UNITDATA indication (TS 44.065 [12]). +- d) A single integer value +- e) SNDPC.NbrNpduOctetsReceived. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM. + +### 4.13 IMEI checking procedure + +#### 4.13.1 Number of check IMEI requests + +- n) This measurement provides the number of check IMEI requests sent to the EIR. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- o) CC. +- p) Transmission of a "MAP\_CHECK\_IMEI" request to the EIR (TS 29.002 [4]). + +- q) A single integer value. +- r) IMEI.CheckImeiReq. +- s) SgsnFunction. +- t) Valid for packet switching. +- u) Combined. + +#### 4.13.2 Number of check IMEI white list responses + +- a) This measurement provides the number of check IMEI white list responses received from the EIR. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "MAP\_CHECK\_IMEI" response from the EIR with parameter "equipment status" indicating a white listed equipment (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IMEI.CheckImeiRspWhite. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.13.3 Number of check IMEI grey list responses + +- a) This measurement provides the number of check IMEI grey list responses received from the EIR. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "MAP\_CHECK\_IMEI" response from the EIR with parameter "equipment status" indicating a grey listed equipment (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IMEI.CheckImeiRspGrey. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.13.4 Number of check IMEI black list responses + +- a) This measurement provides the number of check IMEI black list responses received from the EIR. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "MAP\_CHECK\_IMEI" response from the EIR with parameter "equipment status" indicating a black listed equipment (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IMEI.CheckImeiRspBlack. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. + +- h) Combined. + +#### 4.13.5 Number of check IMEI unknown equipment responses + +- a) This measurement provides the number of check IMEI unknown equipment responses received from the EIR. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a "MAP\_CHECK\_IMEI" response from the EIR with parameter "user error" indicating an unknown equipment (TS 29.002 [4]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IMEI.CheckImeiRspUnknown. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +### 4.14 DNS + +The performance counters presented in this subclause are mainly intended to: + +- monitor the communication between the SGSN and the DNS server; + +These counters are associated to the DNS protocol, which is playing the role to translate a domain address into an IP address, and is defined in RFC 1034 [13]. + +The figure below presents the message sequence during a DNS query procedure initiated by the SGSN. + +![Sequence diagram of DNS Query procedure initiated by SGSN](226da964acee69b4d04409dc4c06a042_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SGSN + participant DNS Server + Note left of SGSN: + SGSN->>DNS Server: DNS Query Request + Note right of DNS Server: + DNS Server-->>SGSN: DNS Query Response + Note left of SGSN: + Note right of DNS Server: +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction between an SGSN and a DNS Server. The SGSN sends a 'DNS Query Request' to the DNS Server, and the DNS Server responds with a 'DNS Query Response'. Both entities have a black bar at the bottom of their lifelines. + +Sequence diagram of DNS Query procedure initiated by SGSN + +Figure: DNS Query procedure initiated by SGSN + +#### 4.14.1 Attempted DNS Query Procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted DNS query procedures SGSN-initiated within this SGSN area. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a DNS query request from the SGSN to the DNS server (RFC 1035 [14]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) DNS.AttDnsQuery: +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. + +h) Combined. + +## 4.14.2 Successful DNS Query Procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful DNS query procedures SGSN-initiated within this SGSN area. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a DNS query response by the SGSN from the DNS server (RFC 1035 [14]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) DNS.SuccDNSResp: +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) Combined. + +--- + +# 5 Measurements related to the GGSN + +## 5.1 Session Management + +### 5.1.1 Session establishments + +The performance counters presented in this subclause are mainly intended to: + +- monitor the session establishment success at the GGSN level; +- identify the main causes for GGSN originating session establishment failures; +- and study the repartition of the different traffic classes within session establishment attempts and successes. + +These counters are associated to GPRS Tunnelling Protocol signalling (GTP-C for the control plane), between the SGSN and the GGSN, and defined in TS 23.060 [2] and TS 29.060 [6]. + +The figure below, from TS 23.060 [2], recalls the sequence of messages exchanged for a primary PDP context activation and a subsequent secondary PDP context activation and details the events triggering the update of the counters values. + +![Sequence diagram showing PDP context activation between MS, UTRAN, SGSN, and GGSN. The diagram illustrates two activation processes: Primary PDP context activation (steps 1-4) and Secondary PDP context activation (steps 5-8). Red text indicates measurement increments at the GGSN for each activation.](c0ca823603794512478906b302176bca_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant UTRAN + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + + Note right of GGSN: Primary PDP context activation + MS->>SGSN: 1- SM Activate PDP Context Request + activate UTRAN + UTRAN->>MS: 2- Radio Access Bearer Setup + deactivate UTRAN + SGSN->>GGSN: 3- GTP Create PDP Context Request + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.AttActPdpCtxt.. + GGSN->>SGSN: 3- GTP Create PDP Context Response + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.. + SGSN->>MS: 4- SM Activate PDP Context Accept + + Note right of GGSN: Secondary PDP context activation + MS->>SGSN: 5- SM Activate Secondary PDP Context Request + activate UTRAN + UTRAN->>MS: 6- Radio Access Bearer Setup + deactivate UTRAN + SGSN->>GGSN: 7- GTP Create PDP Context Request + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.AttActPdpCtxt.. + GGSN->>SGSN: 7- GTP Create PDP Context Response + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.. + SGSN->>MS: 8- SM Activate PDP Context Accept + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing PDP context activation between MS, UTRAN, SGSN, and GGSN. The diagram illustrates two activation processes: Primary PDP context activation (steps 1-4) and Secondary PDP context activation (steps 5-8). Red text indicates measurement increments at the GGSN for each activation. + +Figure from TS 23.060 [2] + +The three measurement types defined in the clause 5.1.1 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 5.1.1.1 Attempted session establishments + +- This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class and allocation/retention priority (or precedence class) indicated in the QoS profile. +- CC. +- On receipt of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST message by the GGSN, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the traffic class and allocation/retention priority (or precedence class) indicated in the message. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the fields traffic class and allocation/retention priority used for screening are derived from delay class and precedence class respectively, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also TS 24.008 [15] and TS 29.060 [6]. +- A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Bgrd.Low + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Conv.Low + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Intact.Low + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Strm.Low + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Bgrd.High + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Conv.High + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Intact.High + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Strm.High + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Bgrd.Medium + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Conv.Medium + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Intact.Medium + SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Strm.Medium. +- GgsnFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- COMB. +- This measurement is mainly dedicated to Operator Business and Vendor Performance Modelling communities. + +### 5.1.1.2 Successful session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of sessions successfully established. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class and allocation/retention priority (or precedence class) given in the QoS profile of the related PDP context. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message sent with cause "Request Accepted", according to the traffic class and allocation/retention priority of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the fields traffic class and allocation/retention priority used for screening are derived from delay class and precedence class respectively, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also TS 24.008 [15] and TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Bgrd.Low +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Conv.Low +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Intact.Low +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Strm.Low +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Bgrd.High +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Conv.High +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Intact.High +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Strm.High +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Bgrd.Medium +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Conv.Medium +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Intact.Medium +SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Strm.Medium. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Operator Business and Vendor Performance Modelling communities. + +### 5.1.1.3 Failed session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of session establishment failures. This measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the GGSN of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message indicating a PDP context activation failure, the measurement is incremented according to the failure cause. Possible causes are included in TS 29.060 [6]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements should equal the total number of PDP context activation failures. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported. +- e) The measurement name has the form SM.FailActPdpCtxt.Cause where Cause identifies the failure cause. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Operator Maintenance and Vendor Performance Modelling communities. + +## 5.1.2 Network-initiated session establishments + +The performance counters presented in this subclause focus on network initiated PDP context activation procedure, that allows the GGSN to initiate the activation of a PDP context on receipt of a PDP PDU on the Gi interface. The counters proposed are mainly intended to + +- monitor the signalling exchanged between the HLR and the GGSN during this procedure; and +- monitor the success rate for network-initiated session establishments. It has to be noted that measurements proposed enable to distinguish between the establishment failures occurring before and after the SGSN has sent the context activation request to the MS. + +These counters are associated to the Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol layer (defined in TS 29.002 [4]) and to GPRS Tunnelling Protocol signalling (GTP-C for the control plane), between the SGSN and the GGSN (defined in TS 29.060 [6]). + +The figure below, from TS 23.060 [2], recalls the sequence of messages exchanged for a network initiated PDP context activation and details the events triggering the update of the counters values. + +![Sequence diagram of network-initiated PDP context activation from TS 23.060. The diagram shows interactions between MS, UTRAN, SGSN, HLR, and GGSN. The process starts with a PDP PDU at the GGSN, followed by MAP routing info requests to the HLR, GTP notifications to the SGSN, SM requests to the MS, and subsequent responses and context creation messages.](da5a8f834706c8119a47c5eb732feabe_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant UTRAN + participant SGSN + participant HLR + participant GGSN + + Note right of GGSN: 1- PDP PDU + GGSN->>HLR: 2- MAP Send Routing Info for GPRS + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.SendRoutInfoGprsHlrReq + HLR-->>GGSN: 2- MAP Send Routing Info for GPRS Ack + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.SuccSendRoutInfoGprsHlrRsp + GGSN->>SGSN: 3- GTP PDU Notification Request + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.AttActPdpCtxtNetw + SGSN-->>GGSN: 3- GTP PDU Notification Response + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.FailActPdpCtxtNetw. if + GGSN->>MS: 4- SM Request PDP Context Activation + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.FailActPdpCtxtNetw. + MS-->>SGSN: 5- SM Activate PDP Context Request + GGSN->>SGSN: 6- GTP Create PDP Context Request + SGSN-->>GGSN: 7- GTP Create PDP Context Response + MS-->>SGSN: 8- SM Activate PDP Context Accept + +``` + +Sequence diagram of network-initiated PDP context activation from TS 23.060. The diagram shows interactions between MS, UTRAN, SGSN, HLR, and GGSN. The process starts with a PDP PDU at the GGSN, followed by MAP routing info requests to the HLR, GTP notifications to the SGSN, SM requests to the MS, and subsequent responses and context creation messages. + +Figure from TS 23.06 + +### 5.1.2.1 Number of routing information requests for network-initiated session establishment attempts + +- This measurement provides the number of «Send Routing Info for GPRS » requests sent to the HLR. +- CC. +- The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a MAP SEND ROUTING INFO FOR GPRS message to the HLR. See TS 23.060 [2] and TS 29.002 [4]. +- Integer. +- SM.SendRoutInfoGprsHlrReq. +- GgsnFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- COMB. +- This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +### 5.1.2.2 Number of routing information successful responses for network-initiated session establishment attempts + +- a) This measurement provides the number of "Send Routing Info for GPRS" response messages received from HLR indicating a positive outcome. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on receipt by the GGSN of a MAP SEND ROUTING INFO FOR GPRS response message containing an SGSN address, which indicates a successful outcome. See TS 23.060 [2] and TS 29.002 [4]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.SuccSendRoutInfoGprsHlrRsp. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Maintenance communities. + +### 5.1.2.3 Attempted Network-initiated session establishments + +#### 5.1.2.3.1 Attempted Network-initiated session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of network-initiated session establishments attempted. Only the session establishment attempts for which a successful routing response from the HLR has been received are counted (i.e. for which a response including an SGSN address). +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a PDU NOTIFICATION REQUEST message to the SGSN. See TS 23.060 [2] and TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.AttActPdpCtxtNetw. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +#### 5.1.2.3.2 Failed Network-initiated session establishments - failures occurred before sending PDP context activation request to the MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of network initiated session establishment failures. This measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the GGSN of a PDU NOTIFICATION RESPONSE message with cause different from "Request Accepted", indicating a PDP context activation failure, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the failure cause. Possible causes are included in TS 29.060 [6]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements should equal the total number of PDP context activation failures occurred before sending REQUEST PDP CONTEXT ACTIVATION message to the MS. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported. + +- e) The measurement name has the form SM.FailActPdpCtxtNetw.NetwCause where NetwCause identifies the failure cause. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Maintenance communities. + +#### 5.1.2.3.3 Failed Network-initiated session establishments - failures occurred after sending PDP context activation request to the MS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of network initiated session establishment failures. This measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the GGSN of a PDU NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST, the relevant measurement is incremented according to the failure cause. Possible causes are included in TS 29.060 [6]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements should equal the total number of PDP context activation failures occurred after sending REQUEST PDP CONTEXT ACTIVATION message to the MS. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported. +- e) The measurement name has the form SM.FailActPdpCtxtNetw.MsCause where MsCause identifies the failure cause. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Maintenance communities. + +### 5.1.3 Subscribers with activated PDP context + +The performance counters presented in this subclause are mainly intended to establish a subscriber profile. Such a profile details the number of elementary procedures per active subscriber (PDP context activations, modifications, updates, ...), usually during a busy hour. This profile may be used for 2 main purposes: + +- to estimate the current load of the equipment, with details on the respective weight of each procedure in the overall load; +- to estimate the impact on the equipment of a modification of a factor in this subscriber profile (e.g. increase of the number of simultaneous active PDP contexts per subscriber, increase of the number of subscribers, ...). + +#### 5.1.3.1 Number of subscribers with activated PDP context + +- a) This measurement provides the number of subscribers having an activated PDP context. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted" for an MSISDN that had no PDP context already activated. The measurement is decremented on transmission by the GGSN of a DELETE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted" related to the last PDP context for an MSISDN. See TS 29.060 [6] and TS 23.060 [2]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SM.NbrActSubs. + +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) Combined. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Operator Business and Vendor Performance Modelling communities. + +### 5.1.3.2 Mean number of subscribers with activated PDP context + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of subscribers having an activated PDP context. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers having an activated PDP context in the GGSN and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SM.MeanActSubs. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) Combined. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Operator Business and Vendor Performance Modelling communities. + +### 5.1.3.3 Max number of subscribers with activated PDP context + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of subscribers having an activated PDP context. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of subscribers having an activated PDP context in the GGSN and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SM.MaxActSubs. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) Combined. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Operator Business and Vendor Performance Modelling communities. + +## 5.1.4 Session conclusions + +The performance counters presented in this subclause are related to PDP context deactivation procedure. The counters proposed are mainly intended to evaluate the ratio of GGSN-initiated PDP context deactivations in overall PDP context deactivations, estimate the PDP context deactivation success rate, and may also be used in the subscriber or session profile. + +The figures below, from TS 23.060 [2], recall the sequence of messages exchanged for MS, SGSN or GGSN initiated PDP context deactivations and detail the events triggering the update of the counters values. + +![Sequence diagram for MS initiated PDP context deactivation. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, UTRAN, SGSN, and GGSN. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Request to SGSN. 2. SGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Request to GGSN, which increments SM.AttDeactPdpCtxMsAndSgsn. 3. GGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Response to SGSN, which increments SM.SuccDeactPdpCtx. 4. SGSN sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Accept to MS. 5. A Radio Access Bearer Release is performed between MS and UTRAN. A grey shaded area covers steps 4 and 5.](69467ece0a576b4c2ec3e0c89ba61527_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant UTRAN + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + Note right of GGSN: Error: Reference source not + MS->>SGSN: 1- SM Deactivate PDP Context Request + SGSN->>GGSN: 2- GTP Delete PDP Context Request + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.AttDeactPdpCtxMsAndSgsn + GGSN-->>SGSN: 2- GTP Delete PDP Context Response + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.SuccDeactPdpCtx + SGSN-->>MS: 3- SM Deactivate PDP Context Accept + Note over MS, UTRAN: 4- Radio Access Bearer Release + +``` + +Sequence diagram for MS initiated PDP context deactivation. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, UTRAN, SGSN, and GGSN. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Request to SGSN. 2. SGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Request to GGSN, which increments SM.AttDeactPdpCtxMsAndSgsn. 3. GGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Response to SGSN, which increments SM.SuccDeactPdpCtx. 4. SGSN sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Accept to MS. 5. A Radio Access Bearer Release is performed between MS and UTRAN. A grey shaded area covers steps 4 and 5. + +Figure: MS initiated PDP context deactivation + +![Sequence diagram for GSN initiated PDP context deactivation. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, UTRAN, SGSN, and GGSN. The sequence of messages is: 1. GGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Request to SGSN, which increments SM.AttDeactPdpCtxMsAndSgsn. 2. SGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Response to GGSN, which increments SM.SuccDeactPdpCtx. 3. SGSN sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Request to MS. 4. MS sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Accept to SGSN. 5. A Radio Access Bearer Release is performed between MS and UTRAN. A grey shaded area covers steps 4 and 5.](aed5b156b9b0fff9167baba88e5fdcfc_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant UTRAN + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + GGSN->>SGSN: 1- GTP Delete PDP Context Request + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.AttDeactPdpCtxMsAndSgsn + SGSN-->>GGSN: 1- GTP Delete PDP Context Response + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.SuccDeactPdpCtx + SGSN->>MS: 2- SM Deactivate PDP Context Request + MS-->>SGSN: 2- SM Deactivate PDP Context Accept + Note over MS, UTRAN: 3- Radio Access Bearer Release + +``` + +Sequence diagram for GSN initiated PDP context deactivation. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, UTRAN, SGSN, and GGSN. The sequence of messages is: 1. GGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Request to SGSN, which increments SM.AttDeactPdpCtxMsAndSgsn. 2. SGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Response to GGSN, which increments SM.SuccDeactPdpCtx. 3. SGSN sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Request to MS. 4. MS sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Accept to SGSN. 5. A Radio Access Bearer Release is performed between MS and UTRAN. A grey shaded area covers steps 4 and 5. + +Figure: GSN initiated PDP context deactivation + +![Sequence diagram for GGSN initiated PDP context deactivation. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, UTRAN, SGSN, and GGSN. The sequence of messages is: 1. GGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Request to SGSN, which increments SM.AttDeactPdpCtxGgsn. 2. SGSN sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Request to MS. 3. MS sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Accept to SGSN. 4. SGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Response to GGSN, which increments SM.SuccDeactPdpCtx. 5. A Radio Access Bearer Release is performed between MS and UTRAN. A grey shaded area covers steps 4 and 5.](b49477e8f148b5ef044a2fd5a43528f6_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant UTRAN + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + GGSN->>SGSN: 1- GTP Delete PDP Context Request + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.AttDeactPdpCtxGgsn + SGSN->>MS: 2- SM Deactivate PDP Context Request + MS-->>SGSN: 2- SM Deactivate PDP Context Accept + SGSN-->>GGSN: 3- GTP Delete PDP Context Response + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.SuccDeactPdpCtx + Note over MS, UTRAN: 4- Radio Access Bearer Release + +``` + +Sequence diagram for GGSN initiated PDP context deactivation. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, UTRAN, SGSN, and GGSN. The sequence of messages is: 1. GGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Request to SGSN, which increments SM.AttDeactPdpCtxGgsn. 2. SGSN sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Request to MS. 3. MS sends an SM Deactivate PDP Context Accept to SGSN. 4. SGSN sends a GTP Delete PDP Context Response to GGSN, which increments SM.SuccDeactPdpCtx. 5. A Radio Access Bearer Release is performed between MS and UTRAN. A grey shaded area covers steps 4 and 5. + +Figure: GGSN initiated PDP context deactivation + +#### 5.1.4.1 MS & SGSN-initiated session conclusions + +##### 5.1.4.1.1 Attempted MS & SGSN-initiated session conclusions + +- This measurement provides the number of attempted PDP context deactivations initiated by MS & SGSN. +- CC. +- The measurement is incremented on receipt by the GGSN of a DELETE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST message. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- Integer. +- SM.AttDeactPdpCtxMsAndSgsn. + +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +#### 5.1.4.1.2 Successful MS & SGSN-initiated session conclusions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful PDP context deactivations initiated by MS & SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a DELETE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted". See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.SuccDeactPdpCtxtMsAndSgsn. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +#### 5.1.4.2 GGSN-initiated session conclusions + +##### 5.1.4.2.1 Attempted GGSN-initiated session conclusions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted PDP context deactivations initiated by GGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a DELETE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST message. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.AttDeactPdpCtxtGgsn. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +##### 5.1.4.2.2 Successful GGSN-initiated session conclusions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful PDP context deactivations initiated by GGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on receipt by the GGSN of a DELETE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted". See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.SuccDeactPdpCtxtGgsn. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. + +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +## 5.2 Per APN measurements + +These measurements will only be provided for a subset of all the APNs of the GGSN (see TS 23.003 [9] for APN definition). The way the list of monitored APNs is configured is outside the scope of the present document. + +### 5.2.1 Session establishments + +The performance counters presented in this subclause are intended to bring a more detailed view on session activations compared to counters defined in subclause 1.1. Especially, they enable to monitor the session establishment success rate when user authentication is required and when a dynamic PDP address is to be allocated by the GGSN. + +Furthermore, the definition of "per APN" measurements allows to let performance monitoring focus on a "specific service" handled by a GGSN: TS 23.003 [9] indicates that an APN Network Identifier may be used to access a service associated with a GGSN and that this may be achieved by defining: + +- an APN that corresponds to a DNS name of a GGSN and is locally interpreted by the GGSN as a request for a specific service; or +- an APN Network Identifier consisting of 3 or more labels and starting with a Reserved Service Label, or an APN Network Identifier consisting of a Reserved Service Label alone, that indicates a GGSN by the nature of the requested service. + +The figure below, from TS 29.061 [10] details the message sequence during a PDP context activation for the non-transparent IP case, where a dynamic PDP address is to be allocated and user authentication is required. + +![Sequence diagram of PDP context activation procedure between TE, MT, SGSN, GGSN, and ISP/Intranet.](a7450c80e88ad3f6ca1427ad84020998_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant TE as Terminal Equipment (TE) + participant MT as Mobile Terminal (MT) + participant SGSN + participant GGSN as GGSN RADIUS / DHCP client + participant ISP as ISP / Intranet RADIUS / DHCP Server + + Note right of MT: the MT stores the authentication parameters + + Note right of GGSN: GGSN performs: +- APN to ISP address translation via DNS +- allocates RADIUS client and DHCP client +- translates the Protocol Configuration Options DHCP option and RADIUS attributes + + TE->>MT: AT-Commands [APN] + MT->>TE: LCP negotiation [Max Receive Unit, Auth. Protocol] + MT->>TE: Authentication [CHAP / PAP / none] + MT->>TE: IPCP Config-Req [IP address, Header compression] + MT->>SGSN: Activate PDP Context Request [APN, QoS, PDP-type, NSAPI, protocol configuration options] + SGSN->>GGSN: Create PDP Context Request [APN, QoS, PDP-type, TID, Protocol Configuration Options] + GGSN->>ISP: RADIUS Access-Request Authentication + ISP->>GGSN: RADIUS Access-Accept Authentication + GGSN->>ISP: DHCP-DISCOVER + ISP->>GGSN: DHCP-OFFER Configuration + GGSN->>ISP: DHCP-REQUEST Configuration + ISP->>GGSN: DHCP-ACK Configuration + GGSN->>SGSN: Create PDP Context Response [APN, QoS, PDP-type, TID, Protocol Configuration Options] + SGSN->>MT: Activate PDP Context Accept [Protocol Configuration Options, Cause] + MT->>TE: IPCP Configuration-Ack [IP address, Header compression] + + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Apn +increment SM.AttDynActPdpCtxt.Apn +increment SM.AttActPdpCtxtAutReq.Apn + + Note right of GGSN: increment SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Apn +increment SM.SuccDynActPdpCtxt.Apn +increment SM.SuccActPdpCtxtAutReq.Apn + +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the PDP context activation procedure. It begins with the Terminal Equipment (TE) sending AT-Commands [APN] to the Mobile Terminal (MT). The MT responds with LCP negotiation [Max Receive Unit, Auth. Protocol] and Authentication [CHAP / PAP / none]. A note indicates that the MT stores the authentication parameters. The MT then sends an IPCP Config-Req [IP address, Header compression] to the TE. Next, the MT sends an Activate PDP Context Request [APN, QoS, PDP-type, NSAPI, protocol configuration options] to the SGSN. The SGSN sends a Create PDP Context Request [APN, QoS, PDP-type, TID, Protocol Configuration Options] to the GGSN. A note indicates that the GGSN performs APN to ISP address translation via DNS, allocates RADIUS client and DHCP client, and translates the Protocol Configuration Options DHCP option and RADIUS attributes. The GGSN sends a RADIUS Access-Request Authentication to the ISP / Intranet RADIUS / DHCP Server. The server responds with a RADIUS Access-Accept Authentication. The GGSN then sends a DHCP-DISCOVER to the server, which responds with a DHCP-OFFER Configuration. The GGSN sends a DHCP-REQUEST Configuration to the server, which responds with a DHCP-ACK Configuration. The GGSN sends a Create PDP Context Response [APN, QoS, PDP-type, TID, Protocol Configuration Options] to the SGSN. The SGSN sends an Activate PDP Context Accept [Protocol Configuration Options, Cause] to the MT. Finally, the MT sends an IPCP Configuration-Ack [IP address, Header compression] to the TE. Notes indicate that the GGSN increments SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Apn, SM.AttDynActPdpCtxt.Apn, and SM.AttActPdpCtxtAutReq.Apn upon receiving the Create PDP Context Request, and increments SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Apn, SM.SuccDynActPdpCtxt.Apn, and SM.SuccActPdpCtxtAutReq.Apn upon receiving the DHCP-ACK. + +Sequence diagram of PDP context activation procedure between TE, MT, SGSN, GGSN, and ISP/Intranet. + +Figure + +## 5.2.1.1 Session establishments, per APN + +### 5.2.1.1.1 Attempted session establishments, per APN + +- This measurement provides the number of PDP context activation procedures on a per APN of the GGSN basis. +- CC. +- The measurement is incremented on receipt by the GGSN of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST message from the SGSN. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- Integer. +- SM.AttActPdpCtxt.Apn. +- GgsnFunction, per APN. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. + +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Operator Business and Vendor Performance Modelling communities. + +#### 5.2.1.1.2 Successfully established sessions, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully completed activation PDP context procedures on a per APN of the GGSN basis. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted " from GGSN. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.SuccActPdpCtxt.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Operator Business and Vendor Performance Modelling communities. + +#### 5.2.1.2 Session establishments with dynamic PDP address allocation required, per APN + +##### 5.2.1.2.1 Attempted session establishments with dynamic PDP address allocation required, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of dynamic PDP context activation procedures where a dynamic PDP address is requested on a per APN of the GGSN basis. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on receipt by the GGSN of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST message with an empty PDP address, which indicates that the MS requires a dynamic PDP address. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.AttDynActPdpCtxt.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Maintenance communities. + +##### 5.2.1.2.2 Successfully established sessions with dynamic PDP address allocation required, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully attempted dynamic PDP context activation procedures where a dynamic PDP address is requested on a per APN of the GGSN basis. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted" where the PDP address has been dynamically assigned. See TS 23.060 [2] and TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. + +- e) SM.SuccDynActPdpCtxt.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Maintenance communities. + +### 5.2.1.3 Session establishments with user authentication required, per APN + +#### 5.2.1.3.1 Attempted session establishments with user authentication required, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of PDP context activation procedures for which user authentication is required. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented when a CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST message is received by the GGSN, for which protocol configuration options indicates that user authentication is required to access the external PDN. See TS 29.060 [6] and TS 24.008 [15]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.AttActPdpCtxtAutReq.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Maintenance communities. + +#### 5.2.1.3.2 Failed session establishments due to user authentication failure, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of PDP context activation procedures failed due to user authentication failure. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented when a CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "User Authentication Failed" is received by the GGSN. See TS 29.060 [6] and TS 24.008 [15]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.FailActPdpCtxtAutReq.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Maintenance communities. + +## 5.2.2 Active sessions + +The performance counters presented in this subclause are defined on a per APN basis and are mainly intended: + +- to monitor the repartition of QoS attributes defined for current active sessions; and +- to establish a session profile. A session profile details the number of elementary procedures per active session (PDP context modifications, updates, ...), usually during a busy hour. + +### 5.2.2.1 Number of simultaneous active sessions, per APN + +- This measurement provides the current number of simultaneous active sessions per APN. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class and allocation/retention priority (or precedence class) indicated in the QoS profile. +- GAUGE. +- The relevant measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted" according to the traffic class or allocation/retention priority indicated in the QoS profile. + +The relevant measurement is decremented on transmission or receipt of DELETE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE with cause "Request Accepted" according to the traffic class or the allocation/retention priority of the PDP context. + +In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the fields traffic class and allocation/retention priority used for screening are derived from delay class and precedence class respectively, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. + +See also TS 24.008 [15] and TS 29.060 [6]. + +- A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- SM.NbrActPdpCtxt.Apn.Low +SM.NbrActPdpCtxt.Apn.Medium +SM.NbrActPdpCtxt.Apn.High +SM.NbrActPdpCtxt.Apn.Conv +SM.NbrActPdpCtxt.Apn.Strm +SM.NbrActPdpCtxt.Apn.Intact +SM.NbrActPdpCtxt.Apn.Bgrd. +- GgsnFunction, per APN. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- COMB. +- This measurement is mainly dedicated to Operator Business and Vendor Performance Modelling communities. + +### 5.2.2.2 Peak number of simultaneous active sessions, per APN + +- This measurement provides the peak number of active PDP contexts in GGSN per APN. This measurement is obtained by comparing following an update of the actual number of active PDP context in GGSN per APN, this value with the currently maximal value within the actual granularity period. +- GAUGE. +- The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted" and decremented on transmission or receipt by the GGSN of a DELETE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted". The measurement value keeps track of the highest value experienced in the collection interval. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- Integer. +- SM.MaxNbrActPdpCtxt.Apn. +- GgsnFunction, per APN. + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Operator Business and Vendor Performance Modelling communities. + +### 5.2.2.3 MS & SGSN-initiated session modifications, per APN + +#### 5.2.2.3.1 Attempted MS & SGSN-initiated session modifications, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of PDP context updates attempted, either by MS or SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on receipt by the GGSN of an UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST message. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.AttUpdPdpCtxtMsAndSgsn.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +#### 5.2.2.3.2 Successfully performed MS & SGSN-initiated session modifications, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully performed PDP context updates initiated either by MS or SGSN. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of an UPDATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted". See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.SuccUpdPdpCtxtMsAndSgsn.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +## 5.2.3 Session conclusions + +### 5.2.3.1 MS-initiated session conclusions, per APN + +#### 5.2.3.1.1 Attempted MS-initiated session conclusions, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the MS on a per APN of the GGSN basis. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on receipt by the GGSN of a DELETE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST message from the SGSN. See TS 23.060 [2] and TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. + +- e) SM.AttDeactPdpCtxtMs.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +#### 5.2.3.1.2 Successful MS-initiated session conclusions, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully completed PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the MS on a per APN of the GGSN basis. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a DELETE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted" to the SGSN. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.SuccDeactPdpCtxtMs.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +#### 5.2.3.2 GGSN-initiated session conclusions, per APN + +##### 5.2.3.2.1 Attempted GGSN-initiated session conclusions, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the GGSN, on a per APN of the GGSN basis. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a DELETE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST message to the SGSN. See TS 29.60. +- d) Integer. +- e) SM.AttDeactPdpCtxtGgsn.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +##### 5.2.3.2.2 Successful GGSN-initiated session conclusions, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully completed PDP context deactivation procedures initiated by the GGSN, on a per APN of the GGSN basis. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on receipt of DELETE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted" from the SGSN. +- d) Integer. + +- e) SM.SuccDeactPdpCtxtGgsn.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling community. + +## 5.3 GTP measurements + +The performance counters presented in this subclause are mainly intended to: + +- monitor the signalling and bearer traffic exchanged between the GGSN and peer GSNs; +- establish the session profile (including GTP average packet size, signalling overhead, uplink and downlink GTP traffic per session, ...); and +- monitor the GGSN load (through measurements such as the total bit rate handled by the node, the number of GTP tunnels handled or the ratio of packets discarded at GGSN level). + +These counters are associated to GPRS Tunnelling Protocol (GTP-C and GTP-U), between the SGSN and the GGSN, and defined in TS 23.060 [2] and TS 29.060 [6]. The breakdown per traffic class allows to monitor the way traffic is handled by the GGSN according to QoS attributes attached to the relevant PDP context. + +### 5.3.1 Number of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP Data Packets received on the Gn interface. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on receipt of a GTP data packet on the Gn interface, according to the traffic class of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.IncDataPkt.Bgrd +GTP.IncDataPkt.Conv +GTP.IncDataPkt.Intact +GTP.IncDataPkt.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Traffic Engineering and Vendor Development Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.2 Number of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP Data Packets sent onto the Gn interface. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on transmission of a GTP data packet on the Gn interface, according to the traffic class indicated in the QoS profile of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also TS 29.060 [6]. + +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutDataPkt.Bgrd +GTP.OutDataPkt.Conv +GTP.OutDataPkt.Intact +GTP.OutDataPkt.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Traffic Engineering and Vendor Development Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.3 Number of discarded GTP data packets + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP Data Packets discarded. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented when a GTP data packet is discarded, according to the traffic class indicated in the QoS profile of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.DiscDataPkt.Bgrd +GTP.DiscDataPkt.Conv +GTP.DiscDataPkt.Intact +GTP.DiscDataPkt.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Traffic Engineering and Vendor Development Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.4 Number of octets of incoming GTP data packets on the Gn interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP payload octets received. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on receipt of a GTP data packet on the Gn interface, according to the traffic class indicated in the QoS profile of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. The data packet size is extracted from the GTP header and added on to the measurement value. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.IncDataOct.Bgrd +GTP.IncDataOct.Conv +GTP.IncDataOct.Intact +GTP.IncDataOct.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.5 Number of octets of outgoing GTP data packets on the Gn interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP payload octets sent. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on transmission of a GTP data packet on the Gn interface, according to the traffic class indicated in the QoS profile of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. The data packet size is extracted from the GTP header and added on to the measurement value. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutDataOct.Bgrd +GTP.OutDataOct.Conv +GTP.OutDataOct.Intact +GTP.OutDataOct.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.6 Number of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP signalling packets received on the Gn interface. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on receipt of a GTP signalling packet on the Gn interface, according to the traffic class of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.IncSigPkt.Bgrd +GTP.IncSigPkt.Conv +GTP.IncSigPkt.Intact +GTP.IncSigPkt.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Traffic Engineering and Vendor Development Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.7 Number of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP signalling packets sent onto the Gn interface. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on transmission of a GTP signalling packet on the Gn interface, according to the traffic class indicated in the QoS profile of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutSigPkt.Bgrd +GTP.OutSigPkt.Conv +GTP.OutSigPkt.Intact +GTP.OutSigPkt.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Traffic Engineering and Vendor Development Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.8 Number of discarded GTP signalling packets + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP signalling packets discarded. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented when a GTP signalling packet is discarded, according to the traffic class indicated in the QoS profile of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.DiscSigPkt.Bgrd +GTP.DiscSigPkt.Conv +GTP.DiscSigPkt.Intact +GTP.DiscSigPkt.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Traffic Engineering and Vendor Development Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.9 Number of octets of incoming GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of received GTP signalling packets. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC. + +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on receipt of a GTP signalling packet on the Gn interface, according to the traffic class indicated in the QoS profile of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. The signalling packet size is extracted from the GTP header and added on to the measurement value. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.IncSigOct.Bgrd +GTP.IncSigOct.Conv +GTP.IncSigOct.Intact +GTP.IncSigOct.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.10 Number of octets of outgoing GTP signalling packets on the Gn interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of sent GTP signalling packets. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on transmission of a GTP signalling packet on the Gn interface, according to the traffic class indicated in the QoS profile of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. The signalling packet size is extracted from the GTP header and added on to the measurement value. See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) GTP.OutSigOct.Bgrd +GTP.OutSigOct.Conv +GTP.OutSigOct.Intact +GTP.OutSigOct.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.11 Number of GTP tunnels on the Gn interface + +- a) This measurement provides the current number of simultaneous GTP tunnels on Gn interface handled by the GGSN. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted". +It is decremented on transmission by the GGSN of a DELETE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted". +The measurement includes GTP tunnels for data (user plane) as well as GTP tunnels for signalling (control plane). See TS 29.060 [6]. + +- d) Integer. +- e) GTP.NbrTunnels. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +### 5.3.12 Number of GTP tunnels created on the Gn interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP Tunnels created on Gn interface. +- b) CC. +- c) The measurement is incremented on transmission by the GGSN of a CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE message with cause "Request Accepted". +The measurement includes GTP tunnels for data (user plane) as well as GTP tunnels for signalling (control plane). See TS 29.060 [6]. +- d) Integer. +- e) GTP.NbrCreatTunnels. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +## 5.4 GTP' measurements + +The performance counters presented in this subclause are intended to monitor the transfer of G-CDRs to the CGF; in particular + +- The number of CDR transfer attempts, together with the cause triggering the transfer enables to dimension both the CGF / Billing System and the Ga interface. The breakdown of causes for transfer attempts may also help in tuning the parameters associated to partial CDR creation. +- The breakdown of causes for transfer failure is provided to track and investigate any problem that could be detected thanks to the CDR transfer success rate. + +These counters are associated to the GTP' protocol between the GGSN and the CGF, as defined in TS 29.060 [6] and TS 32.015. + +The figure below from TS 32.015 shows a normal CDR transfer between a GSN and a CGF and details the events triggering the update of the counters values. + +![Sequence diagram showing CDR transfer from GGSN to CGF volatile memory and then to non-volatile CGF memory. The GGSN sends a 'Data Record Transfer Request' to the CGF volatile memory, which triggers an internal action 'increment GTPP.CdrTransferReq.'. The CGF volatile memory sends a 'Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted' back to the GGSN, which triggers 'increment GTPP.SuccCdrTransf'. A note indicates that successfully sent CDRs are deleted from the GGSN buffers. The CGF volatile memory also sends a 'Send Data Record Packet' to the non-volatile CGF memory, which triggers 'CDRs are stored in a secure way'.](b50f38be091844d58b11e3d47bc71e73_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant GGSN + participant CGF_volatile_memory as CGF volatile memory + participant CGF_non_volatile_memory as non-volatile CGF memory + + Note left of GGSN: increment GTPP.CdrTransferReq. + GGSN->>CGF_volatile_memory: Data Record Transfer Request + Note right of CGF_volatile_memory: Send Data Record Packet + CGF_volatile_memory->>CGF_non_volatile_memory: CDRs are stored in a secure way + CGF_volatile_memory-->>GGSN: Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted + Note left of GGSN: increment GTPP.SuccCdrTransf + Note left of GGSN: successfully sent CDRs are deleted from the GGSN buffers + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing CDR transfer from GGSN to CGF volatile memory and then to non-volatile CGF memory. The GGSN sends a 'Data Record Transfer Request' to the CGF volatile memory, which triggers an internal action 'increment GTPP.CdrTransferReq.'. The CGF volatile memory sends a 'Data Record Transfer Response: Request Accepted' back to the GGSN, which triggers 'increment GTPP.SuccCdrTransf'. A note indicates that successfully sent CDRs are deleted from the GGSN buffers. The CGF volatile memory also sends a 'Send Data Record Packet' to the non-volatile CGF memory, which triggers 'CDRs are stored in a secure way'. + +Figure from TS 32.015 + +The three measurement types defined in the clause 5.4 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +### 5.4.1 Attempted CDR information transfers + +- This measurement provides the number of CDR information transfers attempted. This measurement is split into subcounters per transfer triggering cause. +- CC. +- The relevant measurement is incremented when a DATA RECORD TRANSFER REQUEST message used to transmit CDR information is sent to the CGF, according to the cause that triggered the transfer. Possible causes are included in TS 32.015. +- Each measurement is an integer value. +- The measurement name has the form GTPP.CdrTransfReq.Cause where Cause indicates the cause that triggered the transfer. +- GgsnFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- COMB. +- This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +### 5.4.2 Successful CDR information transfers + +- This measurement provides the number of CDR information successfully transmitted to CGF. +- CC. +- The measurement is incremented on receipt by the GGSN of a DATA RECORD TRANSFER RESPONSE message with cause code "Request Accepted". +- Integer. +- GTPP.SuccCdrTransf. +- GgsnFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- COMB. + +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +### 5.4.3 Failed CDR information transfers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of CDR information failed to be transferred to CGF. This measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. Possible causes are included in TS 32.015. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on receipt by the GGSN of a DATA RECORD TRANSFER RESPONSE message according to the failure cause. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form GTPP.FailCdrTransf.Cause where Cause indicates the failure cause. +- f) GgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Maintenance and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +## 5.5 IP measurements + +The performance counters presented in this subclause are mainly intended to: + +- monitor the bearer traffic exchanged between the GGSN and the external PDN on the Gi interface; +- establish the session profile (including IP average packet size, uplink and downlink IP traffic per session, ...), possibly per traffic class; and +- monitor the GGSN load (through measurements such as the total bit rate handled by the node, the ratio of packets discarded at GGSN level, ...). + +These counters are associated to IP protocol on the Gi interface. + +These counters are proposed to be screened with regards to the protocol configuration options, as defined in TS 24.008 [15] and TS 29.061 [10], i.e. a set of the counters is associated to any valid combination of the different options below: + +- transparent or non-transparent access to the external PDN; +- user data encryption (IPSec, ...); +- tunnelling of packets onto the Gi interface. + +Any valid combination of these options fully defines a "Gi reference point". The figure below gives an overview of some Gi reference points. + +![Diagram illustrating various Gi reference point configurations between User Equipment (TE) and external networks via a PLMN's SGSN and GGSN.](3ec35c497a0765a1a885c85f214b1bef_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows three separate User Equipment (TE) units, each consisting of a laptop and a mobile phone, connected to a central Packet Radio Network (PLMN). Inside the PLMN, each TE is connected to an SGSN. The SGSNs are then connected to a central GGSN. The GGSN connects to three different external networks on the right: + +- Top path:** The first SGSN connects to the GGSN via a GTP Tunnel. The GGSN connects to a **Packet Data Network** via IP and PPP protocols. +- Middle path:** The second SGSN connects to the GGSN via a GTP Tunnel. The GGSN connects to a **Private Data Network** via L2TP Tunnel and an optional IPSec tunnel. The second TE also has direct IP and PPP connections to this network. +- Bottom path:** The third SGSN connects to the GGSN via a GTP Tunnel. The GGSN connects to another **Private Data Network** via an IPSec Tunnel. The third TE also has direct IP and PPP connections to this network. + +Diagram illustrating various Gi reference point configurations between User Equipment (TE) and external networks via a PLMN's SGSN and GGSN. + +**Figure: Overview of some Gi reference points** + +### 5.5.1 Number of incoming IP data packets on the Gi interface + +This measurement provides the number of IP data packets received on the Gi interface. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class of the related PDP context. + +- CC. +- The relevant measurement is incremented on receipt of an IP data packet on the Gi interface, according to the traffic class of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also 07 and TS 29.061 [10]. +- A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- IP.IncDataPkt.Bgrd +IP.IncDataPkt.Conv +IP.IncDataPkt.Intact +IP.IncDataPkt.Strm. +- GgsnFunction, per Gi reference point. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- COMB. +- This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Traffic Engineering and Vendor Development Engineering communities. + +## 5.5.2 Number of outgoing IP data packets on the Gi interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of IP data packets sent onto the Gi interface. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class of the related PDP context. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on transmission of an IP data packet on the Gi interface, according to the traffic class of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also TS 29.061 [10]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) IP.OutDataPkt.Bgrd +IP.OutDataPkt.Conv +IP.OutDataPkt.Intact +IP.OutDataPkt.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction, per Gi reference point. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Traffic Engineering and Vendor Development Engineering communities. + +## 5.5.3 Number of IP data packets discarded due to node congestion + +- a) This measurement provides the number of IP data packets discarded. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class of the related PDP context. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented when a received IP data packet is discarded due to node congestion, according to the traffic class of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. See also TS 29.061 [10]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) IP.DiscDataPkt.Bgrd +IP.DiscDataPkt.Conv +IP.DiscDataPkt.Intact +IP.DiscDataPkt.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction, per Gi reference point. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Traffic Engineering and Vendor Development Engineering communities. + +## 5.5.4 Number of octets of incoming IP data packets on the Gi interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of IP payload octets received on the Gi interface. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class of the related PDP context. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on receipt of an IP data packet on the Gi interface, according to the traffic class of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field + +traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. The data packet size is extracted from the IP header and added on to the measurement value. See TS 29.061 [10]. + +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) IP.IncDataOct.Bgrd +IP.IncDataOct.Conv +IP.IncDataOct.Intact +IP.IncDataOct.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction, per Gi reference point. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +### 5.5.5 Number of octets of outgoing IP data packets on the Gi interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of IP payload octets sent onto the Gi interface. This measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class of the related PDP context. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on transmission of an IP data packet on the Gi interface, according to the traffic class of the related PDP context. In case of a PDP context activated with R97/98 QoS attributes, the field traffic class used for screening is derived from delay class, as ruled in TS 23.107 [8]. The data packet size is extracted from the IP header and added on to the measurement value. See TS 29.061 [10]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) IP.OutDataOct.Bgrd +IP.OutDataOct.Conv +IP.OutDataOct.Intact +IP.OutDataOct.Strm. +- f) GgsnFunction, per Gi reference point. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) COMB. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling and Operator Traffic Engineering communities. + +## 5.6 AAA Authentication measurements + +The performance counters presented in this subclause are mainly intended to: + +- monitor the AAA server performance; +- monitor the network connectivity. + +These counters are associated to the AAA server, which is playing a more and more important role in a 3G environment, and is defined in RFC 2903 [17]. + +The figure below presents the message sequence during an AAA authentication procedure initiated by the GGSN. + +![Sequence diagram showing the AAA authentication procedure initiated by GGSN. The GGSN sends an 'AAA Authentication Request' to the AAA Server, and the AAA Server responds with an 'AAA Authentication Response'.](684f7a2cd4ba3346bcaec1f7336f6aa3_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant GGSN + participant AAA_Server as AAA Server + Note left of GGSN: + GGSN->>AAA_Server: AAA Authentication Request + AAA_Server-->>GGSN: AAA Authentication Response + Note right of AAA_Server: +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the AAA authentication procedure initiated by GGSN. The GGSN sends an 'AAA Authentication Request' to the AAA Server, and the AAA Server responds with an 'AAA Authentication Response'. + +**Figure: AAA authentication procedure initiated by GGSN** + +NOTE: In Radius, the AAA Authentication Request message is Access-Request and AAA Authentication Response is Access-Accept/ Access-Reject/ Access-Challenge (RFC 2138 [18]), where the AAA successful authentication response message is Access-Accept. + +### 5.6.1 Attempted Authentication Procedures, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted authentication procedures per APN. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the GGSN of an AAA authentication request message to the AAA server. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) AAA.AttAuthQuery.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) Combined + +### 5.6.2 Successful Authentication Procedures, per APN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful authentication procedures per APN. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt by the GGSN of an AAA successful authentication response message from the AAA server. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) AAA.SuccAuthResp.Apn. +- f) GgsnFunction, per APN. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) Combined. + +--- + +## Annex A (informative): Use cases for performance measurements + +### A.1 Use case of implicit detach related measurements + +This measurement provides the number of implicit detach procedures initiated by SGSN. After the mobile reachable timer expires, the SGSN may initiate an implicit detach procedure in order to return the MM contexts in the SGSN to IDLE state. Normally, an appropriate configuration of the timer will make the ratio of the number of implicit detach procedures to the total number of detach procedures at the SGSN side increase and decrease around a specific value resulting in an acceptable quality of service for the users. If an incorrect configuration of the timer results in this ratio being too high, the users will be implicitly detached a large number of times while using a certain application service. This is one of the issues of mobility management and the user's experience will be impaired. Furthermore, this measurement could help operators to analyse users' behaviour when the ratio has changed considerably during a specific time interval. + +--- + +### A.2 Use case of service request related measurements + +Service request procedure is one of the important procedures initiated by MS or network when it is in PMM-IDLE state and has some data to send or receive (after the paging procedure). If the service request success rate is lower than predefined threshold, the user experience of sending / receiving the data will be affected. + +--- + +### A.3 Use case of Mean number of activated PDP contexts with direct tunnel related measurements + +Direct Tunnel is an optional function in Iu mode that allows the SGSN to establish a direct user plane tunnel between RAN and GGSN (for connectivity with GGSN through Gn/Gp) or S-GW (for connectivity through S4) within the PS domain. + +Mean number of activated PDP contexts with direct tunnel related measurements could help to reflect the ratio of mean number of activated PDP contexts with direct tunnel to mean number of activated PDP contexts. The mean number of activated PDP contexts is a different measurement from the mean number of subscribers with activated PDP context and direct tunnel, which is focus on the number of activated PDP context and help operator to know about the network's plattening level. If a Secondary PDP Context Activation procedure is initiated, the mean number of activated PDP context with direct tunnel could be more than the mean number of subscribers with activated PDP context and direct tunnel because a subscriber could have more than one activated PDP context. + +--- + +### A.4 Use case of direct tunnel related measurements + +Measurements provides the number of subscribers with activated PDP context and SGSN-Initiated PDP context update procedures with direct tunnel established between RAN and GGSN by SGSN. The measurements reflect the usage of direct user plane tunnel between RAN and GGSN and SGSN-Initiated PDP context update success rate with direct tunnel, to help operators analyze service quality in PS domain more deeply. + +## Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Mar 2006 | SA_31 | SP-060109 | -- | -- | Split of 32.403-710 into four new TSs 32.404, 32.405, 32.406, 32.408.
Submitted to TSG SA #31 for Approval. | -- | 1.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060260 | 0001 | -- | Move SMS related Measurements from 32.406 to 32.408 | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 9 | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SA_48 | SP-100264 | 002 | -- | Correct reference of measurements cause | F | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| May 2011 | SA_52 | SP-110286 | 003 | -- | Add the measurement of number of implicit detach procedure | B | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA_53 | SP-110535 | 004 | -- | Addition of Direct Tunnel Related Measurements | B | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA_53 | SP-110535 | 005 | -- | Add service request procedure related measurements | B | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA_53 | SP-110535 | 006 | -- | Add mean number of activated PDP contexts with direct tunnel related measurements | B | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SA_54 | SP-110713 | 007 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https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:458109aed54bc58b4e5b80b3cdd2fa090418c45bbb5307364693aa4c5230af8b +size 74228 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32407/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32407/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0df12742ab75f443d15f114906d7d5600a896962 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32407/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,3738 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 8 | +| 1 Scope..... | 10 | +| 2 References..... | 10 | +| 3 Measurement family and abbreviations ..... | 12 | +| 3.1 Measurements..... | 12 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 12 | +| 4 Measurements related to the MSC Server..... | 14 | +| 4.1 Call control management ..... | 14 | +| 4.1.1 Overview ..... | 14 | +| 4.1.1.1 Basic traffic model..... | 14 | +| 4.1.1.2 Basic signalling flow ..... | 15 | +| 4.1.2 MO/MT call related performance..... | 16 | +| 4.1.2.1 MSC-S acknowledged originating calls ..... | 17 | +| 4.1.2.2 MSC-S acknowledged terminating calls..... | 18 | +| 4.1.2.3 Attempted mobile originating calls..... | 18 | +| 4.1.2.4 Successful mobile originating call..... | 18 | +| 4.1.2.5 Answered mobile originating calls ..... | 19 | +| 4.1.2.6 Attempted mobile terminating calls..... | 19 | +| 4.1.2.7 Successful mobile terminating calls ..... | 20 | +| 4.1.2.8 Answered mobile terminating calls ..... | 20 | +| 4.1.2.9 Failed mobile calls caused by subscribers in originating MSC-S for Inter-MSC call..... | 21 | +| 4.1.2.10 Failed mobile calls caused by subscribers in terminating MSC-S for Inter-MSC call..... | 22 | +| 4.1.2.11 Failed mobile calls caused by subscribers in MSC-S for Intra-MSC call ..... | 23 | +| 4.1.3 MSC-S (BICC) call related performance ..... | 24 | +| 4.1.3.1 Attempted incoming calls ..... | 24 | +| 4.1.3.2 Successful incoming calls..... | 25 | +| 4.1.3.3 Answered incoming calls..... | 25 | +| 4.1.3.4 Attempted outgoing calls ..... | 25 | +| 4.1.3.5 Successful outgoing calls..... | 26 | +| 4.1.3.6 Answered outgoing calls..... | 26 | +| 4.1.4 Trunk group (TDM) call related performance..... | 27 | +| 4.1.4.1 Seized outgoing calls per trunk group ..... | 27 | +| 4.1.4.2 Successful outgoing calls per trunk group ..... | 27 | +| 4.1.4.3 Answered outgoing calls per trunk group ..... | 27 | +| 4.1.4.4 Number of trunk group overflow..... | 28 | +| 4.1.4.5 Seized incoming calls per trunk group ..... | 28 | +| 4.1.4.6 Time of all trunks unavailable ..... | 28 | +| 4.1.4.7 Successful incoming calls per trunk group ..... | 28 | +| 4.1.4.8 Answered incoming call per trunk group ..... | 29 | +| 4.1.5 Call establishment quality of service..... | 30 | +| 4.1.5.1 UE call established time ..... | 30 | +| 4.1.6 Traffic related performance ..... | 30 | +| 4.1.6.1 Successful incoming call traffic..... | 30 | +| 4.1.6.2 Answered incoming call traffic..... | 31 | +| 4.1.6.3 Successful mobile originating call traffic ..... | 31 | +| 4.1.6.4 Answered mobile originating call traffic ..... | 32 | +| 4.1.6.5 Successful Mobile terminating call traffic..... | 32 | +| 4.1.6.6 Answered Mobile terminating call traffic..... | 33 | +| 4.1.6.7 Successful outgoing traffic ..... | 33 | +| 4.1.6.8 Answered outgoing traffic ..... | 35 | +| 4.1.6.9 Successful transit call traffic..... | 35 | +| 4.1.6.10 Answered transit call traffic..... | 36 | +| 4.1.6.11 Seized outgoing call traffic per trunk group ..... | 36 | +| 4.1.6.12 Seized incoming call traffic per trunk group ..... | 37 | +| 4.1.7 Paging related performance..... | 38 | +| 4.1.7.1 Attempt paging requests per Lac ..... | 38 | + +| | | | +|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 4.1.7.2 | Successful paging requests per Lac ..... | 39 | +| 4.1.8 | Out of band Call codec negotiation related performance ..... | 40 | +| 4.1.8.1 | Attempted out of band codec negotiation number ..... | 40 | +| 4.1.8.2 | Successful out of band codec negotiation number ..... | 41 | +| 4.1.8.3 | Attempted out of band codec modification number ..... | 41 | +| 4.1.8.4 | Successful out of band codec modification number ..... | 41 | +| 4.1.8.5 | Failed out of band codec modification number ..... | 42 | +| 4.1.9 | Measurements based on Observed Destination ..... | 43 | +| 4.1.9.1 | Attempted calls for calling party number ..... | 43 | +| 4.1.9.2 | Successful calls for calling party number ..... | 43 | +| 4.1.9.3 | Answered calls for calling party number ..... | 44 | +| 4.1.9.4 | Call Traffic of Observed Destination for calling party number ..... | 44 | +| 4.1.9.5 | Attempted calls for called party numbers ..... | 44 | +| 4.1.9.6 | Successful calls for the called party numbers ..... | 45 | +| 4.1.9.7 | Answered calls for the called party numbers ..... | 45 | +| 4.1.9.8 | Call Traffic of Observed Destination for called party number ..... | 45 | +| 4.2 | Mobility management ..... | 46 | +| 4.2.1 | Overview ..... | 46 | +| 4.2.2 | Location update ..... | 47 | +| 4.2.2.1 | Attempted intra-VLR location update ..... | 47 | +| 4.2.2.2 | Successful intra-VLR location update ..... | 47 | +| 4.2.2.3 | Attempted inter-VLR location update ..... | 48 | +| 4.2.2.4 | Successful inter-VLR location update ..... | 48 | +| 4.2.2.5 | Attempted location update for IMSI attach ..... | 49 | +| 4.2.2.6 | Successful location update for IMSI attach ..... | 49 | +| 4.2.2.7 | Attempted period location update ..... | 50 | +| 4.2.2.8 | Successful period location update ..... | 50 | +| 4.2.3 | Hand over inter MSC-S ..... | 51 | +| 4.2.3.1 | Attempted subsequent handover back to MSCa ..... | 51 | +| 4.2.3.2 | Successful subsequent handover back to MSCa ..... | 52 | +| 4.2.3.3 | Attempted subsequent handover to MSCc ..... | 52 | +| 4.2.3.4 | Successful subsequent handover to MSCc ..... | 52 | +| 4.2.3.5 | Attempted incoming handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS ..... | 53 | +| 4.2.3.6 | Successful incoming handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS ..... | 53 | +| 4.2.3.7 | Attempted outgoing handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS ..... | 53 | +| 4.2.3.8 | Successful outgoing handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS ..... | 54 | +| 4.2.3.9 | Attempted incoming handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to GSM ..... | 54 | +| 4.2.3.10 | Successful incoming handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to GSM ..... | 54 | +| 4.2.3.11 | Attempted outgoing handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to GSM ..... | 55 | +| 4.2.3.12 | Successful outgoing handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to GSM ..... | 55 | +| 4.2.4 | Handover Intra MSC-S ..... | 55 | +| 4.2.4.1 | Attempted Handover Intra MSC-S from UMTS to GSM ..... | 55 | +| 4.2.4.2 | Successful Handover Intra MSC-S from UMTS to GSM ..... | 56 | +| 4.2.4.3 | Failed Handover Intra MSC-S from UMTS to GSM ..... | 56 | +| 4.2.4.4 | Attempted Handover Intra MSC-S from GSM to UMTS ..... | 56 | +| 4.2.4.5 | Successful Handover Intra MSC-S from GSM to UMTS ..... | 56 | +| 4.2.4.6 | Failed Handover Intra MSC-S from GSM to UMTS ..... | 57 | +| 4.2.4.7 | Attempted SRNS Relocation Intra MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS ..... | 57 | +| 4.2.4.8 | Successful SRNS Relocation Intra MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS ..... | 57 | +| 4.2.4.9 | Failed SRNS Relocation Intra MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS ..... | 58 | +| 4.3 | Signalling ..... | 59 | +| 4.3.1 | Overview ..... | 59 | +| 4.3.2 | M3UA link related measurements ..... | 59 | +| 4.3.2.1 | Number of received messages on M3UA link ..... | 59 | +| 4.3.2.2 | Number of sent messages on M3UA link ..... | 59 | +| 4.3.2.3 | Number of octets received on M3UA link ..... | 59 | +| 4.3.2.4 | Number of octets sent on M3UA link ..... | 60 | +| 4.3.2.5 | Mean duration of M3UA link congestion ..... | 60 | +| 4.3.2.6 | Number of M3UA link congestion times ..... | 60 | +| 4.3.2.7 | Mean unavailable time of M3UA link ..... | 61 | +| 4.3.2.8 | Number of M3UA link unavailable times ..... | 61 | +| 4.3.3 | MTP3 signalling link related measurements ..... | 61 | + +| | | | +|---------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 4.3.3.1 | Mean duration of unavailable MTP3 signalling link ..... | 61 | +| 4.3.3.2 | Number of MTP3 signalling link unavailable times..... | 62 | +| 4.3.3.3 | Number of MSUs received on MTP3 signalling link ..... | 62 | +| 4.3.3.4 | Number of MSUs sent on MTP3 signalling link ..... | 62 | +| 4.3.3.5 | Number of octets received on MTP3 signalling link ..... | 63 | +| 4.3.3.6 | Number of octets sent on MTP3 signalling link ..... | 63 | +| 4.3.3.7 | Number of available MTP3 signalling link ..... | 63 | +| 4.4 | Equipment resource ..... | 64 | +| 4.4.1 | Overview ..... | 64 | +| 4.4.2 | CPU Load ..... | 64 | +| 4.4.2.1 | Mean CPU Usage..... | 64 | +| 4.4.3 | Number of subscribers in VLR..... | 64 | +| 4.4.3.1 | Number of registered subscribers in VLR ..... | 64 | +| 4.4.3.2 | Number of attached subscribers in VLR..... | 65 | +| 4.4.3.3 | Number of registered national roaming subscribers in VLR..... | 65 | +| 4.4.3.4 | Number of attached national roaming subscribers in VLR ..... | 65 | +| 4.4.3.5 | Number of registered international roaming subscriber in VLR ..... | 66 | +| 4.4.3.6 | Number of attached international roaming subscribers in VLR ..... | 66 | +| 4.4.4 | Octets in MAC layer in MSC-S physical port..... | 66 | +| 4.4.4.1 | Number of octets sent on MAC layer in MSC-S physical port ..... | 66 | +| 4.4.4.2 | Number of octets received on MAC layer in MSC-S physical port ..... | 67 | +| 4.4.5 | Trunk resource related measurements ..... | 67 | +| 4.4.5.1 | Number of available trunks..... | 67 | +| 4.4.5.2 | Number of available circuits in trunk group ..... | 67 | +| 4.4.6 | H.248 message related measurements on Mc interface..... | 68 | +| 4.4.6.1 | Number of H.248 messages received on Mc interface ..... | 68 | +| 4.4.6.2 | Number of H.248 messages sent on Mc interface ..... | 68 | +| 4.4.6.3 | Number of H.248 message octets received on Mc interface ..... | 68 | +| 4.4.6.4 | Number of H.248 message octets sent on Mc interface ..... | 69 | +| 4.4.7 | BICC message on Nc interface related measurements ..... | 69 | +| 4.4.7.1 | Number of BICC messages received on Nc interface ..... | 69 | +| 4.4.7.2 | Number of BICC messages sent on Nc interface ..... | 69 | +| 4.4.7.3 | Number of octets of BICC message received on Nc interface ..... | 70 | +| 4.4.7.4 | Number of octets of BICC message sent on Nc interface ..... | 70 | +| 5 | Measurements related to the CS MGW ..... | 71 | +| 5.1 | Measurements related to signalling..... | 71 | +| 5.1.1 | Overview ..... | 71 | +| 5.1.2 | M3UA link of MGW related performance ..... | 71 | +| 5.1.2.1 | Number of messages received on M3UA link..... | 71 | +| 5.1.2.2 | Number of messages sent on M3UA link..... | 71 | +| 5.1.2.3 | Number of octets received on M3UA link..... | 72 | +| 5.1.2.4 | Number of octets sent on M3UA link..... | 72 | +| 5.1.2.5 | Mean duration of M3UA link congestion..... | 72 | +| 5.1.2.6 | Number of M3UA link congestion times ..... | 73 | +| 5.1.2.7 | Mean unavailable duration of M3UA link..... | 73 | +| 5.1.2.8 | Number of M3UA link unavailable times ..... | 73 | +| 5.1.3 | MTP3/MTP3B signalling link of MGW related performance ..... | 74 | +| 5.1.3.1 | Number of MSUs received on MTP3/MTP3B signalling link ..... | 74 | +| 5.1.3.2 | Number of MSUs sent on MTP3/MTP3B signalling link ..... | 74 | +| 5.1.3.3 | Number of octets received on MTP3/MTP3B signalling link ..... | 74 | +| 5.1.3.4 | Number of octets sent on MTP3/MTP3B signalling link ..... | 75 | +| 5.1.3.5 | Number of available MTP3/MTP3B signalling link ..... | 75 | +| 5.1.3.6 | Number of unavailable times of MTP3/MTP3B signalling link ..... | 75 | +| 5.1.3.7 | Mean duration of unavailable MTP3/MTP3B signalling link ..... | 76 | +| 5.1.4 | Route set related performance ..... | 76 | +| 5.1.4.1 | Number of occurrences of unavailability of a route set to a given destination ..... | 76 | +| 5.1.4.2 | Duration of unavailability of a route set to a given destination..... | 76 | +| 5.2 | Measurements related to bearer control ..... | 77 | +| 5.2.1 | Overview ..... | 77 | +| 5.2.2 | Measurements related to the ATM AAL2 connection setup..... | 77 | +| 5.2.2.1 | Attempted AAL2 connection setup ..... | 77 | + +| | | | +|---------|---------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 5.2.2.2 | Successful AAL2 connection setup ..... | 77 | +| 5.2.3 | Measurements related to IP RTP connection ..... | 78 | +| 5.2.3.1 | Attempted outgoing connection setup ..... | 78 | +| 5.2.3.2 | Successful outgoing connection setup ..... | 78 | +| 5.2.3.3 | Attempted incoming connection setup ..... | 78 | +| 5.2.3.4 | Successful incoming connection setup ..... | 79 | +| 5.2.4 | Measurements related to the User Plane (UP) Init ..... | 79 | +| 5.2.4.1 | Attempted outgoing initial UP on the Nb interface ..... | 79 | +| 5.2.4.2 | Successful outgoing initial UP on the Nb interface ..... | 79 | +| 5.2.4.3 | Attempted incoming initial UP on the Nb interface ..... | 80 | +| 5.2.4.4 | Successful incoming initial UP on the Nb interface ..... | 80 | +| 5.2.4.5 | Attempted outgoing initial UP on the Iu interface ..... | 80 | +| 5.2.4.6 | Successful outgoing initial UP on the Iu interface ..... | 81 | +| 5.2.4.7 | Attempted incoming initial UP on the Iu interface ..... | 81 | +| 5.2.4.8 | Successful incoming initial UP on the Iu interface ..... | 81 | +| 5.3 | Bearer transport ..... | 82 | +| 5.3.1 | Overview ..... | 82 | +| 5.3.2 | Measurements related to Nb interface ..... | 82 | +| 5.3.2.1 | Number of RTP messages received on Nb interface ..... | 82 | +| 5.3.2.2 | Number of RTP messages sent on Nb interface ..... | 82 | +| 5.3.2.3 | Number of RTP octets received on Nb interface ..... | 82 | +| 5.3.2.4 | Number of RTP octets sent on Nb interface ..... | 83 | +| 5.3.2.5 | Number of lost RTP messages on Nb interface ..... | 83 | +| 5.3.2.6 | The maximum delay on Nb interface ..... | 83 | +| 5.3.2.7 | The maximum delay jitter on Nb interface ..... | 84 | +| 5.3.2.8 | The mean delay on Nb interface ..... | 84 | +| 5.3.2.9 | The mean delay Jitter on Nb interface ..... | 84 | +| 5.3.3 | AAL2 related measurements on Iu CS interface ..... | 85 | +| 5.3.3.1 | Number of AAL2 packets received on IuCS interface ..... | 85 | +| 5.3.3.2 | Number of AAL2 packets sent on IuCS interface ..... | 85 | +| 5.3.3.3 | Octets of AAL2 packets received on IuCS interface ..... | 85 | +| 5.3.3.4 | Octets of AAL2 packets sent on IuCS interface ..... | 85 | +| 5.3.4 | RTP related measurements on Iu CS interface ..... | 86 | +| 5.3.4.1 | Number of RTP messages received on Iu interface ..... | 86 | +| 5.3.4.2 | Number of RTP messages sent on Iu interface ..... | 87 | +| 5.3.4.3 | Number of RTP octets received on Iu interface ..... | 87 | +| 5.3.4.4 | Number of RTP octets sent on Iu interface ..... | 87 | +| 5.3.4.5 | Number of lost RTP packets on Iu interface ..... | 88 | +| 5.3.4.6 | The maximum delay on Iu interface ..... | 88 | +| 5.3.4.7 | The maximum delay jitter on Iu interface ..... | 88 | +| 5.3.2.8 | The mean delay on Nb interface ..... | 89 | +| 5.3.2.9 | The mean delay Jitter on Nb interface ..... | 89 | +| 5.3.5 | Number of seized PVC link on Iu CS interface ..... | 89 | +| 5.4 | Equipment resource ..... | 90 | +| 5.4.1 | Overview ..... | 90 | +| 5.4.2 | CPU Load ..... | 90 | +| 5.4.2.1 | Mean CPU usage ..... | 90 | +| 5.4.3 | Octets in MAC layer in MGW port ..... | 91 | +| 5.4.3.1 | Number of octets sent on MAC layer in MGW port ..... | 91 | +| 5.4.3.2 | Number of octets received on MAC layer in MGW port ..... | 91 | +| 5.4.4 | H.248 message related measurements on Mc interface ..... | 92 | +| 5.4.4.1 | Number of H.248 message received on Mc interface ..... | 92 | +| 5.4.4.2 | Number of H.248 message sent on Mc interface ..... | 92 | +| 5.4.4.3 | Number of H.248 message octets received on Mc interface ..... | 92 | +| 5.4.4.4 | Number of H.248 message octets sent on Mc interface ..... | 93 | +| 5.4.5 | Transcode ..... | 93 | +| 5.4.5.1 | Number of failed calls caused by transcode resource ..... | 93 | +| 5.4.5.2 | Number of attempted seized transcoder ..... | 93 | +| 5.5 | User Plane services ..... | 94 | +| 5.5.1 | Overview ..... | 94 | +| 5.5.2 | Continuity Check (CC) ..... | 94 | +| 5.5.2.1 | Number of seizure attempts for CC ..... | 94 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------| +| 5.5.2.2 | Number of successful CC seizures ..... | 94 | +| 5.5.3 | DTMF Sending and Detection (DTMF)..... | 95 | +| 5.5.3.1 | Number of seizure attempts for DTMF ..... | 95 | +| 5.5.3.2 | Number of successful DTMF seizures..... | 95 | +| 5.5.4 | Global Text Telephony (GTT) ..... | 95 | +| 5.5.4.1 | Number of seizure attempts for GTT..... | 95 | +| 5.5.4.2 | Number of successful GTT seizures..... | 96 | +| 5.5.5 | Media Frame Handler (MFH) ..... | 96 | +| 5.5.5.1 | Number of seizure attempts for MFH..... | 96 | +| 5.5.5.2 | Number of successful MFH seizures ..... | 96 | +| 5.5.6 | Multiparty Call (MPC) ..... | 97 | +| 5.5.6.1 | Number of seizure attempts for MPC ..... | 97 | +| 5.5.6.2 | Number of successful MPC seizures ..... | 97 | +| 5.5.7 | Speech Coder (SC) ..... | 97 | +| 5.5.7.1 | Number of seizure attempts for SC..... | 97 | +| 5.5.7.2 | Number of successful SC seizures..... | 98 | +| 5.5.8 | Tone Sender or Line Test (TS)..... | 98 | +| 5.5.8.1 | Number of seizure attempts for TS..... | 98 | +| 5.5.8.2 | Number of successful TS seizures ..... | 98 | +| 6 | Measurements related to the HLR ..... | 99 | +| 6.1 | Equipment resource..... | 99 | +| 6.1.1 | Overview ..... | 99 | +| 6.1.2 | CPU LOAD ..... | 99 | +| 6.1.2.1 | Mean CPU usage ..... | 99 | +| 6.1.3 | Subscribers related measurements..... | 100 | +| 6.1.3.1 | Subscribers in HLR..... | 100 | +| 6.1.4 | MTP3 signalling link related measurements ..... | 101 | +| 6.1.4.1 | Number of unavailable times of MTP3 signalling link ..... | 101 | +| 6.1.4.2 | Number of MSUs received on MTP3 signalling link ..... | 101 | +| 6.1.4.3 | Number of MSUs sent on MTP3 signalling link..... | 101 | +| 6.1.4.4 | Number of octets received on MTP3 signalling link ..... | 102 | +| 6.1.4.5 | Number of octets sent on MTP3 signalling link ..... | 102 | +| 6.1.4.6 | Number of available MTP3 signalling link ..... | 102 | +| 6.1.4.7 | Mean duration of unavailable MTP3 signalling link ..... | 103 | +| Annex A (informative): | Examples for "(n-1) out of n" approach ..... | 104 | +| A.1 | Attempt/success/failure procedure measurements ..... | 104 | +| A.2 | GSM/UMTS combined measurements ..... | 104 | +| | See 3GPP TS 32.404 bedded "(n-1) out of n" approaches..... | 104 | +| Annex B (informative): | Top-Down Performance Measurement Definition Process ..... | 105 | +| Annex C (normative): | Use cases for performance measurements defintion ..... | 106 | +| C.1 | Use case of the Mean delay Jitter on Nb interface related measurements ..... | 106 | +| C.2 | Use case of the Mean delay Jitter on Nb interface related measurements ..... | 106 | +| C.3 | Use case of number of subscribers in VLR..... | 106 | +| C.4 | Use case of Number of Handover Intra MSC-S ..... | 106 | +| Annex E (informative): | Use case for measurements..... | 107 | +| E.1 | Use case for IuCSlink and Alink related MO/MT and traffic measurements ..... | 107 | +| Annex E (informative): | Change history..... | 108 | + +--- + +## Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +--- + +## Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication Management; as identified below: + +- TS 32.401 Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements +- TS 52.402 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - GSM +- TS 32.404 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template +- TS 32.405 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) +- TS 32.406 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Packet Switched (PS) domain +- TS 32.407 Performance Management (PM); Core Network (CN) Circuit Switched (CS) Domain; Performance measurements - UMTS and combined UMTS/GSM** +- TS 32.408 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Teleservice +- TS 32.409 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) + +The present document is part of a set of specifications, which describe the requirements and information model necessary for the standardised Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OA&M) of a multi-vendor 3G-system. + +During the lifetime of a 3G network, its logical and physical configuration will undergo changes of varying degrees and frequencies in order to optimise the utilisation of the network resources. These changes will be executed through network configuration management activities and/or network engineering, see 3GPP TS 32.600 [3]. + +Many of the activities involved in the daily operation and future network planning of a 3G network require data on which to base decisions. This data refers to the load carried by the network and the grade of service offered. In order to produce this data performance measurements are executed in the NEs, which comprise the network. The data can then be transferred to an external system, e.g. an Operations System (OS) in TMN terminology, for further evaluation. The purpose of the present document is to describe the mechanisms involved in the collection of the data and the definition of the data itself. + +For Measurement definition template and Management of per cause measurements see 3GPP TS 32.404 [8]. +Annexes A and B of 3GPP TS 32.404 [8] also apply to the present document. + +--- + +# 1 Scope + +The present document describes the CN CS measurements for UMTS and combined UMTS/GSM. + +3GPP TS 32.401 [2] describes Performance Management concepts and requirements. + +The present document is valid for all measurement types provided by an implementation of a UMTS network and combined UMTS/GSM network. These may be measurement types defined within the present document, measurements defined within other standards bodies, or vendor specific measurement types. + +Only measurement types that are specific to CN CS UMTS or combined UMTS/GSM networks are defined within the present documents. I.e. vendor specific measurement types used in UMTS and combined UMTS/GSM networks. Some ATM or IP measurements defined here are only used for load carrying. The definition of the standard measurements is intended to result in comparability of measurement data produced in a multi-vendor network, for those measurement types that can be standardised across all vendors' implementations. + +The structure of the present document is as follows: + +- Header 1: Network Element (e.g. MSCServer related measurements); +- Header 2: Measurement function (e.g. handover measurements); +- Header 3: Measurements. + +--- + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] ITU-T Recommendation Q.2630: "AAL type 2 signalling protocol". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 23.153: "Out of band transcoder control; Stage 2". +- [5] 3GPP TS 25.413: "UTRAN Iu interface Radio Access Network Application Part (RANAP) signalling". +- [6] ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902: "Bearer Independent Call Control protocol (Capability Set 2)". +- [7] ITU-T Recommendation Q.752: "Monitoring and measurements for Signalling System No. 7 networks". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.404 "Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [10] ITU-T Recommendation Q.723: "Telephone user part formats and codes". + +- [11] 3GPP TS 23.018: "Basic call handling Technical Realization". +- [12] 3GPP TS 24.011: "Point-to-Point (PP) Short Message Service (SMS) support on Mobile Radio Interface". +- [13] 3GPP TS 52.402: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - GSM". +- [14] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile radio interface Layer 3 specification; Core network protocols; Stage 3". +- [15] GSM 04.08: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2); Mobile radio interface; Layer 3 specification". +- [16] ITU-T Recommendation Q.763: "Signalling System No. 7 - ISDN User Part formats and codes". +- [17] 3GPP TS 09.02: "Mobile Application Part (MAP) Specification". +- [18] 3GPP TS 23.008: "Organization of subscriber data". +- [19] IETF RFC 2960: "Stream Control Transmission Protocol" at +- [20] 3GPP TS 32.742: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [21] IETF RFC 1889: "*RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications*" at , Obsoleted by RFC 3550 +- [22] IETF RFC 3550: "*RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications*" at +- [23] ITU-T Recommendation Q.753: "Signalling System No. 7 management functions MRVT, SRVT and CVT and definition of the OMASE-user" at +- [24] ITU-T Recommendation Q.724: "Signalling System No. 7 - Telephone User parts, Signalling procedures". +- [25] 3GPP TS 23.014: "Support of Dual Tone Multi-Frequency signalling". +- [26] 3GPP TS 22.226: "Global Text Telephony; Stage 1". +- [27] ITU-T Recommendation E.182: "Application of tones and recorded announcements in telephone services". +- [28] 3GPP TS 25.415: "UTRAN Iu interface user plane protocols". +- [29] 3GPP TS 29.415: "Core network Nb interface user plane protocols". +- [30] ITU-T Recommendation I.254.1: "Multiparty supplementary services: Conference calling (CONF)". +- [31] 3GPP TS 23.153: "Out of band transcoder control; Stage 2". +- [32] 3GPP TS 26.071: "Mandatory speech CODEC speech processing functions; AMR speech CODEC; General description". +- [33] 3GPP TS 26.090: "Mandatory speech CODEC speech processing functions; AMR speech CODEC; Transcoding functions". +- [34] 3GPP TS 23.009: "Handover procedures". + +## 3 Measurement family and abbreviations + +### 3.1 Measurements + +The measurement names defined in the present document are all beginning with a prefix containing the measurement family name (MM attIntraVlrLU). This family name identifies all measurements which relate to a given functionality and it may be used for measurement administration (see 3GPP TS 32.401 [2]). + +The list of families currently used in the present document is as follows: + +- CC (measurements related to Call control Management). +- MM (measurements related to Mobility Management). +- SIG (measurements related to Signalling). +- EQPT(measurements related to Equipment resource). +- BC (measurements related to bearer control). +- BRT (measurements related to bearer transport). +- SC(measurements related to service control). + +### 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| CEG | CircuitEndPointSubgroup | +| CN | Core Network | +| EM | (Network) Element Manager | +| MSC | Mobile services Switching Centre | +| MSU | Message Signal Unit | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| OS | Operations System (EM, NM) | +| OSI | Open Systems Interconnection | +| PM | Performance Management | +| PVC | Permanent Virtual Connection | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | + +You can find below a list of abbreviations used within the measurement types for field E of the measurement template (see clause 3.3). + +| | | +|-------|---------------------| +| Acpt | Accept | +| Att | Attempt(s,ed) | +| Auth | Authentication | +| Avail | Available | +| Answ | Answer(ed) | +| Call | Call | +| Conn | Connection | +| CS | Circuit switched | +| Ctrl | Controlled | +| Fail | Fail(ed, ure) | +| HO | Handover | +| Inc | Incoming | +| Inter | Inter | +| Intra | Intra | +| LK | link | +| MM | Mobility Management | + +| | | +|-------|------------------------| +| Nat | National | +| Netw | Network | +| Nbr | Number | +| Oct | Octet(s) | +| Out | Outgoing | +| Origi | Originate(ing,ed) | +| Pkt | Packet(s) | +| PS | Packet switched | +| Req | Request(s,ed) | +| Res | Resource | +| Setup | Setup | +| MSC-S | MSC or MSC SERVER | +| Msg | message | +| Sig | Signalling | +| Subs | Subscriber | +| Succ | Success(es,ful) | +| Termi | terminate(ed,ing) | +| UE | User Equipment | +| UTRAN | UTRAN | +| MSU | Message signal unit(s) | +| Vlr | VLR | + +## 4 Measurements related to the MSC Server + +### 4.1 Call control management + +#### 4.1.1 Overview + +##### 4.1.1.1 Basic traffic model + +The call control management clause defines measurements related to the network call establishment, MO/MT call control, inter MSC-S call control, etc. The traffic model using in this specification is depicted as follows. + +![Figure 1: Traffic model diagram showing call flows through an MSC Server. On the left, BSC (A), RNC (B), and other exchange (C) connect to the MSC. Inside the MSC, A and B combine into D (Mobile originating call). D splits into E (Internal call) and F (Terminating incoming call). F connects to a SWITCH. The SWITCH connects to G (Originating outgoing call) and H (Transit call). G and H combine into N (Outgoing call). N connects to other exchange. F also connects to M (Mobile terminating call). M splits into O (GSM mobile terminating call) and P (WCDMA mobile terminating call). O connects to BSC and P connects to RNC.](f6e8acf9f931452d01688d311b5c0364_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the traffic model within an MSC Server. On the left side, three external entities connect to the MSC: a BSC (labeled A), an RNC (labeled B), and an other exchange (labeled C). The BSC and RNC connections combine into a single internal path labeled D (Mobile originating call). This path D splits into two internal call types: E (Internal call) and F (Terminating incoming call). The F path connects to a central SWITCH component. From the SWITCH, two paths emerge: G (Originating outgoing call) and H (Transit call). These two paths combine into an outgoing path labeled N (Outgoing call), which connects to an other exchange. Additionally, the F path also connects to a mobile terminating call path labeled M. The M path splits into two external connections: O (GSM mobile terminating call) which connects to a BSC, and P (WCDMA mobile terminating call) which connects to an RNC. + +A legend below the diagram defines the call types: + +- A GSM Mobile Originating call +- B WCDMA mobile originating call +- C Incoming call +- D Mobile originating call +- E Internal call +- F Terminating incoming call +- G Originating outgoing call +- H Transit call +- M Mobile terminating call +- N Outgoing call +- O GSM mobile terminating call +- P WCDMA mobile terminating call + +Figure 1: Traffic model diagram showing call flows through an MSC Server. On the left, BSC (A), RNC (B), and other exchange (C) connect to the MSC. Inside the MSC, A and B combine into D (Mobile originating call). D splits into E (Internal call) and F (Terminating incoming call). F connects to a SWITCH. The SWITCH connects to G (Originating outgoing call) and H (Transit call). G and H combine into N (Outgoing call). N connects to other exchange. F also connects to M (Mobile terminating call). M splits into O (GSM mobile terminating call) and P (WCDMA mobile terminating call). O connects to BSC and P connects to RNC. + +Figure 1: Traffic model + +In figure 1, $D = A + B$ , $M = E + F$ . The D/M can be calculated from other measurements. + +#### 4.1.1.2 Basic signalling flow + +Figures below depict a basic MO/MT call procedure respectively. It should be noted that all the messages displayed in the following figures are introduced as illustrative information flow between different NEs, that is, they are NOT the exact message name when interworking. (It should also be noticed that different network versions, e.g. R99, R4, etc., may have signalling messages with different names.) For more information on each signalling message, please refer to 3GPP TS 23.018 [11]. + +Note that all message sequence charts in this clause are examples. All valid call establishment message sequences can be derived from the example message sequences and associated message pre-conditions. + +![Sequence diagram showing the basic signalling flow for a Mobile Originated (MO) call between UE, UTRAN, and VMSC.](9ae17964ddd9b814c7d905b1af2fddf2_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant UTRAN + participant VMSC + Note right of VMSC: IAM + UE->>UTRAN: CM service req + UTRAN->>VMSC: CM service req + VMSC->>UTRAN: Authenticate + UTRAN->>UE: Authenticate + UE->>UTRAN: Authenticate resp + UTRAN->>VMSC: Authenticate resp + VMSC->>UTRAN: Start security procedure + UTRAN->>UE: Security control cmd + UE->>UTRAN: Security control resp + UTRAN->>VMSC: Security procedures complete + VMSC->>UE: Setup + VMSC->>UTRAN: Call proceeding + UTRAN->>VMSC: Allocate channel + UTRAN->>UE: Assignment cmd + VMSC->>UTRAN: Allocation complete + UTRAN->>UE: Assignment comp + VMSC->>UE: Alert + VMSC->>UE: Connect + UE->>VMSC: Connect ACK +``` + +The diagram illustrates the message sequence for a basic Mobile Originated (MO) call. It involves three main entities: UE (User Equipment), UTRAN (UMTS Radio Access Network), and VMSC (VMSC). The sequence starts with the UE sending a 'CM service req' to the UTRAN, which is then forwarded by the UTRAN to the VMSC. The VMSC responds with an 'Authenticate' message to the UTRAN, which in turn sends it to the UE. The UE replies with 'Authenticate resp', which the UTRAN forwards to the VMSC. The VMSC then initiates a 'Start security procedure' with the UTRAN, which sends a 'Security control cmd' to the UE. The UE responds with 'Security control resp', which the UTRAN forwards to the VMSC. The VMSC sends a 'Security procedures complete' message to the UTRAN. The UTRAN then sends a 'Setup' message to the UE. The VMSC also sends a 'Call proceeding' message to the UTRAN, which in turn sends an 'Allocate channel' message to the VMSC. The UTRAN sends an 'Assignment cmd' to the UE, and the VMSC sends an 'Allocation complete' message to the UTRAN. The UTRAN sends an 'Assignment comp' message to the UE. The VMSC sends an 'Alert' message to the UE, followed by a 'Connect' message. Finally, the UE sends a 'Connect ACK' message to the VMSC. Additionally, the VMSC sends 'IAM', 'ACM', and 'ANM' messages to an external entity, indicated by arrows pointing right from the VMSC lifeline. + +Sequence diagram showing the basic signalling flow for a Mobile Originated (MO) call between UE, UTRAN, and VMSC. + +Figure 2: Information flow for a basic Mobile Originated (MO) call + +### 4.1.2 MO/MT call related performance + +This clause defines the measurements related to traffic model type A, B for mobile originating traffic and type O,P for mobile terminating traffic. The signalling flow for the MO and MT can be found in 3GPP TS 23.018 [11]. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow for a basic Mobile Terminated (MT) call between GMSC, HLR, VMSC, UTRAN, and UE.](a83ba9e3e2c1e21dd69953a7b09e45b4_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant GMSC + participant HLR + participant VMSC + participant UTRAN + participant UE + + External->>GMSC: IAM + GMSC->>HLR: SRI + HLR->>VMSC: PRN + VMSC->>HLR: PRN ACK + HLR->>GMSC: SRI ACK + GMSC->>VMSC: IAM + VMSC->>UTRAN: Page UE + UTRAN->>UE: Paging + UE->>UTRAN: Chan req + UTRAN->>UE: Imm Assign + UE->>UTRAN: Paging resp + UTRAN->>VMSC: UE conn estab + VMSC->>UTRAN: Start security procedure + UTRAN->>UE: Security control cmd + UE->>UTRAN: Security control resp + UTRAN->>VMSC: Security procedures complete + VMSC->>UTRAN: Setup + UTRAN->>UE: Call confirm + VMSC->>UTRAN: Allocate chan + UTRAN->>UE: Assignment cmd + UE->>UTRAN: Assignment comp + UTRAN->>VMSC: Allocation complete + VMSC->>External: ACM + VMSC->>External: ANM + VMSC->>UE: Connect ACK +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information flow for a basic Mobile Terminated (MT) call between GMSC, HLR, VMSC, UTRAN, and UE. + +Figure 3: Information flow for a basic Mobile Terminated (MT) call + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow for a basic end-to-end call between an Originating User and a Terminating User through various network elements.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant OU as Originating User + participant OLE as Originating Local Exchange + participant TE as Transit Exchange + participant TLE as Terminating Local Exchange + participant TU as Terminating User + + OU->>OLE: Setup + OLE->>TE: IAM + TE->>TLE: IAM + TLE->>TU: Setup + OLE->>OU: Call Proceeding + TU->>TLE: Call Confirmed + TLE->>TE: ACM + TE->>OLE: ACM + TLE->>TU: Alerting + OLE->>OU: Alerting + TU->>TLE: Connect + TLE->>TE: ANM + TE->>OLE: ANM + OU->>OLE: Connect + TU->>TLE: Connect ACK + OLE->>OU: Connect ACK + + Note over OU, TU: Communication + + OU->>OLE: Disconnect + OLE->>TE: REL + TE->>TLE: REL + TLE->>TU: Disconnect + TU->>TLE: Release + TLE->>TE: RLC + TE->>OLE: RLC + OLE->>OU: Release + TU->>TLE: Release Complete + OLE->>OU: Release Complete + TLE->>TU: Release Complete + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information flow for a basic end-to-end call between an Originating User and a Terminating User through various network elements. + +**Figure 4: Information flow for a basic end to end call** + +#### 4.1.2.1 MSC-S acknowledged originating calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted calls acknowledged for originating traffic. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of a "Call Proceeding" message to the originating UE (3GPP TS 24.008 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|--------------------|------------------------| +| CC.AttOrigiCalls | Combined (don't care); | +| CC.AttOrigiCalls.G | GSM; | +| CC.AttOrigiCalls.U | UMTS. | + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. + - ALink + - IucsLink. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.2.2 MSC-S acknowledged terminating calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful calls for MSC-S terminating traffic. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of "Call Confirmed" message from the terminating UE (3GPP TS 24.008 [6]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + +| | | +|---------------------|-----------------------| +| CC.SuccTermiCalls | Combined(don't care); | +| CC.SuccTermiCalls.G | GSM; | +| CC.SuccTermiCalls.U | UMTS. | + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. + - ALink + - IucsLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.2.3 Attempted mobile originating calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of mobile originating call attempts from the MSC-S's perspective. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of "CM\_SERV\_REQ" message from the originating mobile, with service type 0001 or 0010. See 3GPP TS 24.008 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + +| | | +|--------------------------|-----------------------| +| CC.AttmobileOrigiCalls | Combined(don't care); | +| CC.AttmobileOrigiCalls.G | GSM; | +| CC.AttmobileOrigiCalls.U | UMTS. | + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. + - ALink + - IucsLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.2.4 Successful mobile originating call + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful call for MSC-S mobile originating traffic. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of a "Alerting" message to the originating mobile (3GPP TS 24.008 [6]). + +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) CC.SuccmobileOrigiCalls            Combined(don't care); +CC.SuccmobileOrigiCalls.G            GSM; +CC.SuccmobileOrigiCalls.U            UMTS. + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +ALink +IucsLink. + +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.2.5 Answered mobile originating calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered calls for MSC-S mobile originating traffic. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of a "CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE" message from the originating mobile, for the requested mobile originating call (3GPP TS 24.008 [6], ITU-T Recommendations Q.723 and Q.763). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) CC.AnswMobileOrigiCalls            Combined(don't care); +CC.AnswMobileOrigiCalls.G            GSM; +CC.AnswMobileOrigiCalls.U            UMTS. + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +ALink +IucsLink. + +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.2.6 Attempted mobile terminating calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of call attempted for UMTS mobile terminating traffic from MSC-S's perspective. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of a "SETUP" message to the called mobile, for the requested mobile terminating call. See 3GPP TS 24.008 [6]. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) CC.AttMobileTermiCalls            Combined(don't care); +CC.AttMobileTermiCalls.G            GSM; +CC.AttMobileTermiCalls.U            UMTS. + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. + +ALink + +IucsLink. + +g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. + +h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.2.7 Successful mobile terminating calls + +a) This measurement provides the number of successful calls for mobile terminating traffic. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +b) CC. + +c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "ALERTING" message from the called mobile, for the requested mobile terminating call (3GPP TS 24.008 [6]). + +d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). + +e) CC.SuccMobileTermiCalls      Combined(don't care); + +CC.SuccMobileTermiCalls.G      GSM; + +CC.SuccMobileTermiCalls.U      UMTS. + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. + +ALink + +IucsLink. + +g) Valid for circuit switching. + +h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.2.8 Answered mobile terminating calls + +a) This measurement provides the number of answered calls for mobile terminating traffic. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +b) CC. + +c) On transmission by the MSC-S of a "CONNECTION ACKNOWLEDGE" message to the called mobile, for the requested mobile terminating call (3GPP TS 24.008 [6]). + +d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). + +e) CC.AnsMobileTermiCalls      Combined(don't care); + +CC.AnsMobileTermiCalls.G      GSM; + +CC.AnsMobileTermiCalls.U      UMTS. + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. + +ALink + +IucsLink. + +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.2.9 Failed mobile calls caused by subscribers in originating MSC-S for Inter-MSC call + +NOTE 1: Since TUP does not differentiate cause value, it is not included in clauses 4.1.1.9, 4.1.2.10 and 4.1.2.11. + +NOTE 2: Since ISUP does not differentiate cause value clearly, the causes of user busy, no-answering and user refused are not included here. + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed mobile calls caused by subscribers. This measurement is valid to originating MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) Calling party releasing the call after alerting: On Receipt of "DISCONNECT" (cause #16 "normal call clearing") from calling party after transmission of "ALERTING" to calling party in the case of Inter-MSC call. + +Calling party releasing the call before alerting: On Receipt of "DISCONNECT" (cause #16 "normal call clearing") from calling party when "Network call states" of calling party is in N0.2~N0.6,N1,N3 in the case of Inter-MSC call. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) CC.OrigInterMSCFailedbySubs.OrigRel: + - number of failed calls caused by calling party releasing the call before alerting in the case of Inter-MSC call.CC.OrigInterMSCFailedbySubs.AlertRel: + - number of failed calls caused by calling party releasing the call after alerting in the case of Inter-MSC call. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.2.10 Failed mobile calls caused by subscribers in terminating MSC-S for Inter-MSC call + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed mobile calls caused by subscribers. This measurement is valid to terminating MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) Calling party releasing the call after alerting: On transmission of "DISCONNECT"(cause #16 "normal call clearing") to called party after receipt of "ALERTING" from called party in the case of Inter-MSC call. + +Calling party releasing the call before alerting: On receipt of "REL"(cause value=normal unspecified or normal call clearing) from originating MSC-S when Network call states of called party is in N0.1,N6,N9 in the case of Inter-MSC call. + +- User busy: Called Party is Pre-defined "busy" in VLR when receipt of "IAM" in the case of Inter-MSC call. + - No answer from the user: When T301 expires in the case of Inter-MSC call. + - User Refused: When receipt of "DISCONNECT"( cause #17 "user busy" or cause #21 "call rejected") from called party after receipt of "ALERTING" from called party in the case of Inter-MSC call. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) CC.TermiInterMSCFailedbySubs.UserBusy: + - number of failed calls caused by user-busy in the case of Inter-MSC call.CC.TermiInterMSCFailedbySubs.NoAnsw: + - number of failed calls caused by no-answering in the case of Inter-MSC call.CC.TermiInterMSCFailedbySubs.Ref: + - number of failed calls caused by UDUB or user rejection in the case of Inter-MSC call.CC.TermiInterMSCFailedbySubs.TermiRel: + - number of failed calls caused by calling party releasing the call before alerting in the case of Inter-MSC call.CC.TermiInterMSCFailedbySubs.AlertRel: + - number of failed calls caused by calling party releasing the call after alerting in the case of Inter-MSC call. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.2.11 Failed mobile calls caused by subscribers in MSC-S for Intra-MSC call + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed mobile calls caused by subscribers. This measurement is valid to the MSC-S in which called party and calling party both registered. + +NOTE: Since both called party and calling party registered in one MSC, the call could be thought of one call. This counter's trigger will be described as terminating MSC point of view. + +- b) CC. + +- c) Calling party releasing the call after alerting: On Receipt of "DISCONNECT" (cause #16 "normal call clearing") from calling party after transmission of "ALERTING" to the calling party in the case of Intra-MSC call. + +Calling party releasing the call before alerting: On Receipt of "DISCONNECT" (cause #16 "normal call clearing") from calling party when Network call states of called party is in N0.1,N6,N9 in the case of Intra-MSC call. + +- User busy: Called Party is Pre-defined "busy" in VLR when the call is setting up in the case of Intra-MSC call. +- No answer from the user: When T301 expires in the case of Intra-MSC call. +- User Refused: When receipt of "DISCONNECT"( cause #17 "user busy" or cause #21 "call rejected") from called party after receipt of "ALERTING" from called party in the case of Intra-MSC call. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. + +- e) CC.IntraMSCFailedbySubs: + +- total of failed calls caused by users. + +CC.IntraMSCFailedbySubs.UserBusy: + +- number of failed calls caused by user-busy in the case of Intra-MSC call. + +CC.IntraMSCFailedbySubs.OrigRel: + +- number of failed calls caused by calling party releasing the call before alerting in the case of Intra-MSC call. + +CC.IntraMSCFailedbySubs.AlertRel: + +- number of failed calls caused by calling party releasing the call after alerting in the case of Intra-MSC call. + +CC.IntraMSCFailedbySubs.NoAnsw: + +- number of failed calls caused by no-answering in the case of Intra-MSC call. + +CC.IntraMSCFailedbySubs.Rej: + +- number of failed calls caused by UDUB or user rejection in the case of Intra-MSC call. + +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. + +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. + +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.3 MSC-S (BICC) call related performance + +The Performance measurements defined in this clause is related to the MSC-S call performance which connects to other MSC-S via BICC over IP. The related traffic model is Traffic Model C type and D in clause 4.1.1.1. The measurements defined in this clause can be applied to CMN also. + +Editor's note: NoLink need to be added to CN NRM. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow between MSC-A and MSC-B for a basic call over BICC. The diagram shows the exchange of IAM, APM, ACM, and ANM messages with associated tunnel data.](171115f072e42b379238ed0dd438e9d7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant MSC-A + participant MSC-B + Note over MSC-A, MSC-B: BICC + External->>MSC-A: IAM + MSC-A->>MSC-B: IAM ( Action = Connect Forward, BNC characteristic ) + Note right of MSC-B: ( Tunnel data ) + MSC-B->>MSC-A: APM ( Action = Connect Forward, plus notification ) + Note right of MSC-A: ( Tunnel data ) + MSC-A->>MSC-B: APM ( Action = Connected ) + MSC-B->>MSC-A: ACM + MSC-B->>MSC-A: ANM + MSC-A->>External: ACM + MSC-A->>External: ANM + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information flow between MSC-A and MSC-B for a basic call over BICC. The diagram shows the exchange of IAM, APM, ACM, and ANM messages with associated tunnel data. + +Figure 5: Information flow between MSC-Ss for a basic call + +#### 4.1.3.1 Attempted incoming calls + +- This measurement provides the number of attempted incoming calls from MSC-S. +- CC. +- On receipt by the MSC-S of an "IAM" message from a given MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902). +- A single integer value. +- CC.AttIncCalls Combined. +- NoLink. +- Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.3.2 Successful incoming calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful incoming calls from a given MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ACM" with "Called party's status indicator = subscriber free" or "CON" or an "CPG" with "Event Information = ALERTING" (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902). + +NOTE: The "CON" message shall be the trigger when "ACM" message is not sent. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.SuccIncCalls                      Combined. +- f) NeLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.3.3 Answered incoming calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered incoming calls from a given MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ANM" or "CON" message to a given MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902). + +NOTE: The "CON" message shall be the trigger when "ACM" message has already been sent. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AnswIncCalls                      Combined. +- f) NeLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.3.4 Attempted outgoing calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing calls to MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "IAM" messages to a given MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AttOutCalls                      Combined. +- f) NeLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.3.5 Successful outgoing calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing calls to MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "ACM" with "Called party's status indicator = subscriber free" or "CON" or an "CPG" with "Event Information = ALERTING" (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902). + +NOTE: The "CON" message shall be the trigger when "ACM" message has already been sent. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.SuccOutCalls                      Combined. +- f) NcLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.3.6 Answered outgoing calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered outgoing calls from MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "ANM" or "CON" message from a given MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902). + +NOTE: The "CON" message shall be the trigger when "ACM" message has already been sent. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AnswOutCalls                      Combined. +- f) NcLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.4 Trunk group (TDM) call related performance + +The Performance measurements defined in this clause is related to TDM related call performance. + +**Editor's note:** CircuitEndPointSubgroup need to be added to CN NRM. + +##### 4.1.4.1 Seized outgoing calls per trunk group + +- a) This measurement provides the number of seized outgoing calls to adjacent network per trunk group. It's valid to uni-directional and bi-directional trunk group. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of "IAM" message (ITU-T Recommendation Q.764, clauses 2.1.1 and 2.1.2) or "IAM/IAI" message (ITU-T Recommendation Q.724, table 1). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.SeizedOutCEG                      Combined. +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.1.4.2 Successful outgoing calls per trunk group + +- a) This measurement provides the successful number of seized outgoing calls to adjacent network per trunk. It's valid to uni-directional and bi-directional trunk group. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "ACM" with "Called party's status indicator = subscriber free" or CON or a "CPG" with "Event Information = ALERTING" (ITU-T Recommendations Q.762 and Q.763). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.SuccOutCallsCEG                      Combined. +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.1.4.3 Answered outgoing calls per trunk group + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered outgoing calls to adjacent network per trunk. It's valid to uni-directional and bi-directional trunk group. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "ANM" or "CON" message from a given adjacent MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AnswOutCallsCEG                      Combined. +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.4.4 Number of trunk group overflow + +- a) This measurement provides the number of trunk overflow. It's valid to uni-directional and bi-directional trunk group. +- b) CC. +- c) When no trunk is available. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.NbrCEGOverFlow Combined. +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.4.5 Seized incoming calls per trunk group + +- a) This measurement provides number of seized incoming calls per trunk group. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "IAM" or "IAI" message (ITU-T Recommendations Q.723 and Q.763). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.SuccIncSeizuresCEG Combined. +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.4.6 Time of all trunks unavailable + +- a) The measurement provides the total duration of trunk unavailable in seconds for outgoing calls, or for bi-directional trunk groups for both, incoming and outgoing calls. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement starts when no circuit is available and stops when there is an available circuit. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.CEGUnavailDuration Combined (don't care). +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.4.7 Successful incoming calls per trunk group + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful incoming calls per trunk group. It's valid to uni-directional and bi-directional trunk group. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ACM" with "Called party's status indicator = subscriber free" or CON or a "CPG" with "Event Information = ALERTING" (ITU-T Recommendations Q.762 and Q.763). +- d) A single integer value. + +- e) CC.SuccIncCallsCEG                      Combined. +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.4.8            Answered incoming call per trunk group + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered incoming calls from a given adjacent MSC-S per trunk group. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ANM" or "CON" message to a given adjacent MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902). + +NOTE: The "CON" message shall be the trigger when ACM message has already been sent. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AnswIncCallsCEG                      Combined. +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.1.5 Call establishment quality of service + +### 4.1.5.1 UE call established time + +- a) This measurement provides the mean time during each granularity period for UEs to establish connection. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for each successful UE call establishment between the receipt by the MSC server of a " CM SERVICE REQUEST " message to establish a call for UE, and corresponding " ALERTING " message for successfully established UE call over a granularity period using DER, see GSM 04.08 [15] and 3GPP TS 24.008 [14]. This end value of the time will then be divided by the number of successfully established call numbers observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean, the accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) A real value(in seconds) per measurement type defined in e). +- e) CC.DurOfCallEsta                      Combined(don't care). +           CC.DurOfCallEsta.G                      GSM. +           CC.DurOfCallEsta.U                      UMTS. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.1.6 Traffic related performance + +### 4.1.6.1 Successful incoming call traffic + +NOTE: IF TUP is used, no need to differentiate voice and data. + +- a) This measurement provides the successful incoming originating traffic from MSC-S's perspective. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful UEs establishment between the time sending transmission ""ACM" message" to and the corresponding time on receipt of corresponding release message ""CLF or CBK or REL"" over a granularity period using DER (See GSM 04.08 [15], 3GPP TS 24.008 [14], ITU-T Recommendation Q.763). This end value of the time will then be calculated as ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. (GSM 04.08 [15], 3GPP TS 24.008 [14], ITU-T Recommendation Q.763). +- d) A real value per measurement type defined in e). (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) CC.SuccIncCallTraf +           CC.SuccIncCallTraf.Voice +           CC.SuccIncCallTraf.Data +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.6.2 Answered incoming call traffic + +NOTE: IF TUP is used, no need to differentiate voice and data. + +- a) This measurement provides the successful incoming originating traffic from MSC-S's perspective. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful UEs establishment between the transmission "ANM/ANC/ANN" message and the receipt of corresponding release message "CLF or CBK or REL" (see ITU-T Recommendations Q.723 and Q.763, 3GPP TS 24.008 [14]) over a given granularity period. The final result should be calculated to ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) A real value per measurement type defined in e). (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) CC.AnswIncCallTraf                    Mean Duration of Answered Incoming Call. +           CC.AnswIncCallTraf.Voice        Mean Duration of Answered voice Incoming Call. +           CC.AnswIncCallTraf.Data            Mean Duration of Answered CS data Incoming Call. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.3 Successful mobile originating call traffic + +- a) This measurement provides the successful mobile originating incoming traffic from MSC-S's perspective. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "n-1 out of n approach". +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful UEs establishment between the transmission "ALERTING" message and the receipt of corresponding release message "CLEAR COMMAND" or "IU RELEASE COMMAND" over a given granularity period. (see ITU-T Recommendations Q.723 and Q.763, 3GPP TS 24.008) The final result should be calculated to ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) A real value per measurement type defined in e). (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) CC.SuccOrig1CallTraf                    Holding Traffic Successful Outgoing Call. +           CC.SuccOrig1CallTraf.Voice.G    GSM        Holding Traffic Successful Outgoing Call of Voice. +           CC.SuccOrig1CallTraf.Voice.U    UMTS. +           CC.SuccOrig1CallTraf.Data.G    GSM        Holding Traffic Successful Outgoing Call of Data. +           CC.SuccOrig1CallTraf.Data.U    UMTS. + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +           ALink +           IucsLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.4 Answered mobile originating call traffic + +- a) This measurement provides the answered mobile originating incoming traffic from MSC-S's perspective. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "n-1 out of n approach". + +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful UEs establishment between the transmission "CONNECT ACK" and the receipt of corresponding "CLEAR COMMAND" or IU RELEASE COMMAND" message over a given granularity period. The final result should be calculated to ERLANG (ITU-T Recommendations Q.723 and Q.763, 3GPP TS 24.008). The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) A real value per measurement type defined in e). (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) CC.AnswOrigCallTraf                      Traffic of Answered Outgoing Call. +CC.AnswOrigCallTraf.Voice.G    GSM    Traffic of Answered Outgoing Call of Voice. +CC.AnswOrigCallTraf.Voice.U    UMTS. +CC.AnswOrigCallTraf.Data.G    GSM    Traffic of Answered Outgoing Call of Data. +CC.AnswOrigCallTraf.Data.U    UMTS. + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. + +ALink + +IucsLink. + +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.5 Successful Mobile terminating call traffic + +- a) This measurement provides the successful mobile terminating call traffic handled by the MSC-S. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "n-1 out of n approach". +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful call establishment between the time receipt of the "ALERTING" and the corresponding "RELEASE COMPLETE" message over a given granularity period. The final result should be calculated to ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) A real value per measurement type defined in e). (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) CC.SuccTermiCallTraf                    GSM/UMTS    Holding traffic successful terminating call. +CC.SuccTermiCallTraf.Voice.G    GSM            Holding traffic Successful terminating call of voice. +CC.SuccTermiCallTraf.Voice.U    UMTS. +CC.SuccTermiCallTraf.Data.G    GSM            Holding traffic successful terminating call of Data. +CC.SuccTermiCallTraf.Data.U    UMTS. + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. + +ALink + +IucsLink. + +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.6 Answered Mobile terminating call traffic + +- a) This measurement provides the answered mobile terminating call traffic handled by the MSC-S. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "n-1 out of n approach". +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all answered call establishment between the time receipt of the "CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE" and the corresponding "RELEASE COMPLETE" message over a given granularity period. The final result should be calculated to ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) A real value per measurement type defined in e). (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) CC.AnswTermiCallTraf                Holding traffic answered terminating call. +CC.AnswTermiCallTraf.Voice.G    GSM    Holding traffic answered terminating call of voice. +CC.AnswTermiCallTraf.Voice.U   UMTS. +CC.AnswTermiCallTraf.Data.G    GSM    Holding traffic answered terminating call of Data. +CC.AnswTermiCallTraf.Data.U   UMTS. + +NOTE: only the GSM subcounter should be provided if the measured object is Alink. + +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. + +ALink + +IucsLink. + +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.7 Successful outgoing traffic + +NOTE: If TUP is used, no need to differentiate voice and data. + +- a) This measurement provides the successful outgoing traffic from MSC-S's perspective. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful UEs establishment between the transmission "ACM" and the corresponding receipt of "CLF or CBK or REL" message over a given granularity period. This end value of this time will then be calculated as ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. (GSM 04.08, 3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A real value per measurement type defined in e). (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) CC.SuccOutCallTraf                Holding Traffic Successful Internal Call. +CC.SuccOutCallTraf.Voice        Holding Traffic Successful Internal Call of Voice. +CC.SuccOutCallTraf.Data        Holding Traffic Successful Internal Call of Data. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.8 Answered outgoing traffic + +NOTE: If TUP is used, no need to differentiate voice and data. + +- a) This measurement provides the answered outgoing traffic from MSC-S's perspective. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful UEs establishment between the transmission "ANM/ANC/ANN" and the corresponding receipt of "CLF or CBK or REL" message over a given granularity period. This end value of the time will then be calculated as ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. (GSM 04.08, 3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A real value per measurement type defined in e). (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) + + +| | | +|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------| +| CC.AnswOutCallTraf. | Traffic of Answered Internal Call. | +| CC.AnswOutCallTraf.Voice | Traffic of Answered Internal Call of Voice. | +| CC.AnswOutCallTraf.Data | Traffic of Answered Internal Call of Data. | +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.9 Successful transit call traffic + +- a) This measurement provides the successful exchange (or transfer) traffic from MSC-S's perspective. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful UEs establishment, after having received of "ACM" message from terminating MSC-S , between the forwarding ("ACM") message to the origination MSC-S and the corresponding transmission "CLR or REL" message to terminating message, or transmission "CBK or REL" to originating MSC-S over a given granularity period. This end value of this time will then be calculated as ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. (GSM 04.08, 3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A real value per measurement type defined in e). (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) + + +| | | +|----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| +| CC.SuccTransCallTraf | Holding Traffic Successful Transferred Call. | +| CC.SuccTransCallTraf.Voice | Holding Traffic of Successful Transferred Call of Voice. | +| CC.SuccTransCallTraf.Data | Holding Traffic of Successful Transferred Call of Data. | +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.10 Answered transit call traffic + +- a) This measurement provides the answered exchange (or transfer) traffic from MSC-S's perspective. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all answered call establishment, after having received of "ANM" or "CON" message from terminating MSC-S and the corresponding transmission "CLR or REL" message to terminating message, or transmission "CBK or REL" to originating MSC-S over a given granularity period. This end value of the time will then be calculated as ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. (GSM 04.08, 3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A real value per measurement type defined in e). (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) + +| | | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------| +| CC.AnswTransCallTraf | Traffic of Answered Transferred Call. | +| CC.AnswTransCallTraf.Voice | Traffic of Answered Transferred Call of Voice. | +| CC.AnswTransCallTraf.Data | Traffic of Answered Transferred Call of Data. | +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.11 Seized outgoing call traffic per trunk group + +- a) This measurement provides outgoing traffic per trunk group. It is valid to uni-directional and bi-directional trunk group. +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful call establishment between the transmission "IAM or IAI" and the corresponding receipt of ("CLF or REL") or (" CBK or REL") message over a given granularity period. This end value of this time will then be calculated as ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. (GSM 04.08, 3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A real value (Unit: ERLANG). +- e) CC.SuccOutSeizureTrafficCEG. +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.6.12 Seized incoming call traffic per trunk group + +- a) This measurement provides incoming traffic per trunk group. It is valid to uni-directional and bi-directional trunk group. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful UEs establishment between the reception of "IAM or IAI" and the corresponding transmission of ("CLF or REL") or ("CBK or REL") message over a given granularity period. This end value of this time will then be calculated as ERLANG. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. (GSM 04.08, 3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A real value unit: ERLANG. +- e) CC.SuccIncSeizureTrafficTG      Combined. +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.1.7 Paging related performance + +For information on the signalling messages, please refer to 3GPP TS 23.018 [11]. + +![Sequence diagram showing the information flow of paging between VMSC, UTRAN, and UE.](b2f5606b9c7184c1c6070a290080a3e3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant VMSC + participant UTRAN + participant UE + Note left of VMSC: + VMSC->>UTRAN: Paging + UTRAN->>UE: Paging + UE->>UTRAN: RRC Connection Req + UTRAN->>UE: RRC Connection Setup + UE->>UTRAN: RRC Connection Setup Complete + UTRAN->>VMSC: UE conn estab (Paging Response) + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of messages for paging. It starts with the VMSC sending a 'Paging' message to the UTRAN. The UTRAN then sends a 'Paging' message to the UE. The UE responds with an 'RRC Connection Req' to the UTRAN. The UTRAN replies with an 'RRC Connection Setup' to the UE. The UE completes the setup with an 'RRC Connection Setup Complete' message to the UTRAN. Finally, the UTRAN sends a 'UE conn estab (Paging Response)' message back to the VMSC. + +Sequence diagram showing the information flow of paging between VMSC, UTRAN, and UE. + +Figure 6: information flow of paging + +### 4.1.7.1 Attempt paging requests per Lac + +- a) This measurement provides the attempt number of paging requests per lac. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On the transmission by MSC-S of the first paging request from the MSC-S to the RNC/BSC (3GPP TS 25.413 [5]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|------------------|-----------------------| +| CC.AttPageReqs | Combined(don't care). | +| CC.AttPageReqs.G | GSM. | +| CC.AttPageReqs.U | UMTS. | +- f) LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.7.2 Successful paging requests per Lac + +- a) This measurement provides the successful number of paging requests per lac. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MSC-S of the Paging Response from the UE to the MSC-S (3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + +| | | +|-------------------|-----------------------| +| CC.SuccPageReqs | Combined(don't care). | +| CC.SuccPageReqs.G | GSM. | +| CC.SuccPageReqs.U | USMS. | +- f) LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.8 Out of band Call codec negotiation related performance + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the information flow of codec negotiation between O-MSC, O-MGW, Transit-MSC, Transit MGW, T-MGW, and T-MSC.](b58cedaf15ad4f0edee5621820865ccc_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant O-MSC + participant O-MGW + participant Transit-MSC + participant Transit MGW + participant T-MGW + participant T-MSC + + Note left of O-MSC: IAM with Codec List (v, w, x, y, z) + O-MSC->>Transit-MSC: Codec List (v, w, x, y, z) + Transit-MSC->>Transit MGW: Codec List (v, w, x, y, z) + Transit MGW->>T-MSC: Codec List (v, w, x, y, z) + T-MSC-->>T-MGW: Selected Codec = v + T-MGW-->>Transit MGW: Selected Codec = v, Available List (v, x, z, ) + Transit MGW-->>Transit-MSC: Selected Codec = v + Transit-MSC-->>O-MSC: Selected Codec = v, Available List (v, x, z, ) + O-MSC-->>O-MGW: Selected Codec = v + O-MGW-->>Transit-MSC: Bearer Established + Transit-MSC-->>Transit MGW: Bearer Established + Transit MGW-->>T-MGW: Bearer Established + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the information flow of codec negotiation between O-MSC, O-MGW, Transit-MSC, Transit MGW, T-MGW, and T-MSC. + +Figure 7: information flow of codec negotiation + +NOTE: If the originating MSC-S uses G.711 codec, these measurements are not applicable. + +##### 4.1.8.1 Attempted out of band codec negotiation number + +- This measurement provides the number of codes negotiation attempts originated from MSC-S. If the originating MSC-S adopts G.711 codec, this negotiation establishment is not in the scope of R4 codec negotiation. +- CC. +- On transmission by the originating MSC-S of "IAM" message which includes codec list IE from the originating MSC-S to the terminated MSC-S. See 3GPP TS 23.153 [4]. +- A single integer value. +- CC.AttCodecNeg. +- MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- Valid for circuit switching. +- GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.8.2 Successful out of band codec negotiation number + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully codes negotiation originated from MSC-S. If the originating MSC-S adopts G.711, and the originating mid-call receipt of "APM" message and "Selected Codec" is equal to "G.711", then this negotiation establishment is not in the scope of the R4 codec negotiation. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by originating MSC-S of "APM" message which "Action indicator=Selected Codec" from the terminated MSC-S See 3GPP TS 23.153 [4]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.SuccCodecNeg. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.8.3 Attempted out of band codec modification number + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted TrFo codec modification request originated from MSC-S. The counter includes also the codec modifications executed as part of mid-call codec negotiation procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "APM" message and the action indicator is set to "modify codec" or "*modify to selected codec information*" (3GPP TS 24.011 and ITU-T Recommendation Q 1902.4). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AttCodecMod. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.8.4 Successful out of band codec modification number + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful mid-call codec negotiations including the cases when the successful codec modifications executed as part of mid-call codec negotiation procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "APM" message and the received action indicator is set to "successful codec modification" (3GPP TS 24.011 and ITU-T Recommendation Q 1902.4). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.SuccCodecMod. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.8.5 Failed out of band codec modification number + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed TrFo codec modification request originated from MSC-S including the cases when the failed codec modifications executed as part of the mid-call codec negotiation procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "APM" message and the received action indicator is set to "Codec Modification Failure" or "*mid-call codec negotiation failure*" (3GPP TS 24.011 and ITU-T Recommendation Q 1902.4). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CM.FailCodecMod. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.1.9 Measurements based on Observed Destination + +**Editor's note:** Observed Destination need to add to CN NRM + +### 4.1.9.1 Attempted calls for calling party number + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted UE originating and trunk incoming calls for the given observed destination where the observed destination is the calling number. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "IAM" message from a given adjacent MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902) or "SETUP" from UE. The observed destination number should be taken from the MAP-Process\_access\_request\_Ack message that is received from the VLR (the MSISDN number of the calling subscriber) (see 3GPP TS 23.018 [11]) or the calling party number IE from IAM. (ITU-T Recommendation Q.763). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AttInODCalls                      Combined. +- f) ObservedDestination. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.9.2 Successful calls for calling party number + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE originating and trunk incoming calls for the given observed destination where the observed destination is the calling number. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ACM" message with "called party's status indicator = subscriber free" or "CPG" message with "event information = ALERTING" to an adjacent MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendations Q.1902 and Q.763) or on transmission by the MSC-S of an "Alerting" message to the originating UE (3GPP TS 24.008) for the requested observed destination. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.SuccInODCalls. +- f) ObservedDestination. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.9.3 Answered calls for calling party number + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered UE originating and trunk incoming calls for the given observed destination where the observed destination is the calling number. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ANM" or "CON" message to a given adjacent MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902) or on receipt by the MSC-S of a "CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE" message from the originating UE for the requested observed destination (3GPP TS 24.008, ITU-T Recommendations Q.723 and Q.763). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AnswInODCalls Combined. +- f) ObservedDestination. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.9.4 Call Traffic of Observed Destination for calling party number + +- a) This measurement provides the call traffic of a given Observed Destination, where the Observed Destination is a calling number. +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for the given observed destination (calling number) between the call start (IAM / SETUP) and the call end (RELEASE COMPLETE) over a granularity period using DER. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) A single integer value (unit second). +- e) CC.SuccInODCallTraf. +- f) ObservedDestination. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.9.5 Attempted calls for called party numbers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted UE terminating and trunk outgoing calls for a given observed destination where the observed destination is called party number. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of a "SETUP" message to the called UE (TS 24.008) or an "IAM" message to an adjacent MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902). The observed destination, i.e. the called party number should be taken from the SETUP message (called party BCD number IE) or from the IAM message (called party number). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AttOutODCalls Combined. +- f) ObservedDestination. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.9.6 Successful calls for the called party numbers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE terminating and trunk outgoing calls for a given observed destination where the observed destination is called party number. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "ALERTING" message from the called mobile (3GPP TS 24.008) or an "ACM" with "Called party's status indicator = subscriber free" or an "CPG" with "Event Information = ALERTING" (ITU-T Recommendation Q.763) for the given observed destination. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.SuccOutODCalls. +- f) ObservedDestination. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.9.7 Answered calls for the called party numbers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered UE terminating or trunk outgoing calls for a given observed destination where the observed destination is the called party number. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of a "CONNECTION ACKNOWLEDGE" message to the called mobile (3GPP TS 24.008) or on reception of an "ANM" or "CON" message from an adjacent MSC-S (ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902) for the given observed destination. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AnswOutODCalls                      Combined. +- f) ObservedDestination. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.1.9.8 Call Traffic of Observed Destination for called party number + +- a) This measurement provides the call traffic of a given ObservedDestination where the observed destination is a called party number. +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for the given observed destination (called number) between the call start (IAM / SETUP) and the call end (RELEASE COMPLETE) over a granularity period using DER. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) A single integer value. (Unit: Seconds). +- e) CC.SuccInODCallTraf. +- f) ObservedDestination. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.2 Mobility management + +### 4.2.1 Overview + +This clause defines measurements related to the location updating and handover. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow related to mobility between UE, UTRAN, MSC/VLR, and HLR.](1e8c50ad4fca7f315a407347dd5091cc_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant UTRAN + participant MSC/VLR + participant HLR + Note left of UE: Location Update Request + UE->>MSC/VLR: Location Update Request + MSC/VLR->>HLR: Send Authentication Info + HLR-->>MSC/VLR: Send Authentication Info. ACK + MSC/VLR->>UE: AUTH req + UE-->>MSC/VLR: AUTH resp + MSC/VLR->>HLR: Update Location + HLR-->>MSC/VLR: Insert subscriber data + MSC/VLR->>HLR: Insert subscriber data ACK + HLR-->>MSC/VLR: Update Location ACK + MSC/VLR->>UE: Security Mode Command + UE-->>MSC/VLR: Security Mode Complete + MSC/VLR->>UE: Location Update Accept + UE-->>MSC/VLR: TMSI Relocation Complete +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information flow related to mobility between UE, UTRAN, MSC/VLR, and HLR. + +Figure 8: information flow related mobility + +## 4.2.2 Location update + +### 4.2.2.1 Attempted intra-VLR location update + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted location updates to be performed by the MSC-S per location area (these are counted as attempts). (Location update type: Normal Intra-VLR location update). The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by VLR of "LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST" service request message from the UE by the VLR. The type of the location update is NORMAL (3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|--------------------|-----------------------| +| MM.AttIntraVlrLU | Combined(don't care). | +| MM.AttIntraVlrLU.G | GSM. | +| MM.AttIntraVlrLU.U | UMTS. | +- f) LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.2.2 Successful intra-VLR location update + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful location updates to be performed by the MSC-S per location area (these are counted as attempts). (Location update type: Normal Intra-VLR location update). The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of "LOCATION UPDATING ACCEPT" message by VLR to UE and this message doesn't include error information.(3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|---------------------|-----------------------| +| MM.SuccIntraVlrLU | Combined(don't care). | +| MM.SuccIntraVlrLU.G | GSM. | +| MM.SuccIntraVlrLU.U | UMTS. | +- f) LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.2.3 Attempted inter-VLR location update + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted location updates to be performed by the MSC-S per location area (these are counted as attempts). (Location update type: Normal Inter-VLR location update). The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by VLR of "LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST" service request message from the UE by the VLR. The type of the location update is NORMAL and the LAC is in different VLR (3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + +| | | +|--------------------|-----------------------| +| MM.AttInterVlrLU | Combined(don't care). | +| MM.AttInterVlrLU.G | GSM. | +| MM.AttInterVlrLU.U | UMTS. | +- f) LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.2.4 Successful inter-VLR location update + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful location updates to be performed by the MSC-S per location area (these are counted as attempts). (Location update type: Normal Inter-VLR location update). The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by VLR of "LOCATION UPDATING ACCEPT" message from VLR to UE and this message doesn't include error information.(3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + +| | | +|---------------------|-----------------------| +| MM.SuccInterVlrLU | Combined(don't care). | +| MM.SuccInterVlrLU.G | GSM. | +| MM.SuccInterVlrLU.U | UMTS. | +- f) LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.2.5 Attempted location update for IMSI attach + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted location updates to be performed by the MSC-S per location area (these are counted as attempts). (Location update type: IMSI attach). The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by VLR of "LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST" service request message from the UE to the VLR. The type of the location update is IMSI attached and Ira-VLR (3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + +| | | +|------------------------|-----------------------| +| MM.AttIntraVlrIMSILU | Combined(don't care). | +| MM.AttIntraVlrIMSILU.G | GSM. | +| MM.AttIntraVlrIMSILU.U | UMTS. | +- f) LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.2.6 Successful location update for IMSI attach + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful location updates to be performed by the MSC-S per location area (these are counted as successful). (Location update type: IMSI attach). The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by VLR of "LOCATION UPDATING ACCEPT" message from VLR to UE and this message doesn't include error information.(3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + +| | | +|-------------------------|-----------------------| +| MM.SuccIntraVlrIMSILU | Combined(don't care). | +| MM.SuccIntraVlrIMSILU.G | GSM. | +| MM.SuccIntraVlrIMSILU.U | UMTS. | +- f) LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.2.7 Attempted period location update + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted period location updates to be performed by the MSC-S per location area. (Location update type: period location update). The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by VLR of "LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST" service request message from the UE to the VLR. The type of the location update is PERIODIC (3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + +| | | +|------------------|-----------------------| +| MM.AttPeriodLU | Combined(don't care). | +| MM.AttPeriodLU.G | GSM. | +| MM.AttPeriodLU.U | UMTS. | +- f) LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.2.8 Successful period location update + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful period location updates to be performed by the MSC-S per location area. (Location update type: period location update). The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by VLR of "LOCATION UPDATING ACCEPT" message from VLR to UE and this message doesn't include error information. (3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + +| | | +|-------------------|-----------------------| +| MM.SuccPeriodLU | Combined(don't care). | +| MM.SuccPeriodLU.G | GSM. | +| MM.SuccPeriodLU.U | UMTS. | +- f) LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.3 Hand over inter MSC-S + +![Sequence diagram showing the information flow of a handover between two 3G MSCs (3G MSC-A and 3G MSC-B) via RNS-A, RNS-B, and VLR-B. The process involves several signaling messages including Iu Relocation Required, MAP Prep Handover Req, MAP Allocate Handover Number Req, Iu Reloc Request, Iu Reloc Request ACK, MAP Prep Handover Resp, MAP Send Handover Report Req, IAM, MAP Send Handover Report Resp, Iu Reloc Command, ACM, MAP Process Access Sig Req, Iu Reloc Detect, Iu Release CMD/COM, MAP Send End Signal Req, Iu Reloc Complete, ANSWER, RELEASE, and MAP Send End Signal Resp. The diagram ends with 'End of call'.](7e61b2e2506cc7e5d6e16ce9c9df25bb_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant RNS-A + participant 3G MSC-A + participant 3G MSC-B + participant RNS-B + participant VLR-B + + RNS-A->>3G MSC-A: Iu Relocation Required + 3G MSC-A->>3G MSC-B: MAP Prep Handover Req + 3G MSC-B->>VLR-B: MAP Allocate Handover Number Req + 3G MSC-B->>RNS-B: Iu Reloc Request + RNS-B->>3G MSC-B: Iu Reloc Request ACK + 3G MSC-B->>3G MSC-A: MAP Prep Handover Resp + 3G MSC-B->>VLR-B: MAP Send Handover Report Req + 3G MSC-A->>3G MSC-B: IAM + 3G MSC-B->>VLR-B: MAP Send Handover Report Resp (see note) + 3G MSC-A->>RNS-A: Iu Reloc Command + 3G MSC-A->>3G MSC-B: ACM + 3G MSC-A->>3G MSC-B: MAP Process Access Sig Req + 3G MSC-B->>RNS-B: Iu Reloc Detect + 3G MSC-A->>RNS-A: Iu Release CMD/COM + 3G MSC-A->>3G MSC-B: MAP Send End Signal Req + 3G MSC-B->>RNS-B: Iu Reloc Complete + 3G MSC-A->>3G MSC-B: ANSWER + Note right of 3G MSC-A: End of call + 3G MSC-A->>3G MSC-B: RELEASE + 3G MSC-A->>3G MSC-B: MAP Send End Signal Resp + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the information flow of a handover between two 3G MSCs (3G MSC-A and 3G MSC-B) via RNS-A, RNS-B, and VLR-B. The process involves several signaling messages including Iu Relocation Required, MAP Prep Handover Req, MAP Allocate Handover Number Req, Iu Reloc Request, Iu Reloc Request ACK, MAP Prep Handover Resp, MAP Send Handover Report Req, IAM, MAP Send Handover Report Resp, Iu Reloc Command, ACM, MAP Process Access Sig Req, Iu Reloc Detect, Iu Release CMD/COM, MAP Send End Signal Req, Iu Reloc Complete, ANSWER, RELEASE, and MAP Send End Signal Resp. The diagram ends with 'End of call'. + +NOTE: Can be sent at any time after the reception of IAM. + +**Figure 9: Information flow of handover** + +#### 4.2.3.1 Attempted subsequent handover back to MSCa + +- This measurement provides the number of attempted subsequent inter-MSC Handovers, where the call is handed back to the anchor MSC (MSCa), i.e. the first hand over takes place from MSCa to MSCb then subsequently an attempt is made to hand back to MSCa. +- CC. +- On receipt by MSCa of "MAP\_PERFORM\_SUBSEQUENT\_HANDOVER" service indication with target MSC identity equal to MSCa and current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- A single integer value. +- MM.AttSubsequentHosToMsc. +- MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.2 Successful subsequent handover back to MSCa + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful subsequent inter-MSC Handovers, where the call is handed back to the anchor MSC (MSCa), i.e. the first hand over takes place from MSCa to MSCb then the call is subsequently successfully handed back to MSCa. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MSCa of "MAP\_SEND\_END\_SIGNAL" service response (Handover to MSCa) and current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.SuccSubsequentHosToMsca. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.3 Attempted subsequent handover to MSCc + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted subsequent inter-MSC Handovers, where the call is handed over to MSCc, i.e. the first hand over takes place from MSCa to MSCb then subsequently an attempt is made to hand over to MSCc. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of "MAP\_PERFORM\_SUBSEQUENT\_HANDOVER" service indication, with target MSC identity equal to MSCc and current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.SuccSubsequentHosToMscc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.4 Successful subsequent handover to MSCc + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful subsequent inter-MSC Handovers, where the call is handed over to MSCc, i.e. the first hand over takes place from MSCa to MSCb then the call is subsequently successfully handed over to MSCc. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of "MAP\_SEND\_END\_SIGNAL" service response (Handover to MSCc) and current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.SuccSubsequentHosToMscc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.5 Attempted incoming handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted incoming Handovers into the observed UTRAN CELL from the related adjacent UTRAN CELLS NOT controlled by this MSC-S. + +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a "MAP\_PERFORM\_HANDOVER" service indication with target CELL identity equal to the observed CELL. Both the source cell and target cell are all UTRAN cell and current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttInc3GHo3GInterMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.6 Successful incoming handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted incoming Handovers into the observed UTRAN CELL from the related adjacent UTRAN CELLs NOT controlled by this MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a "MAP\_SEND\_END\_SIGNAL" service confirmation (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). Both the source cell and target cell are all UTRAN cell and current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.SuccInc3GHo3GInterMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.7 Attempted outgoing handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing Handovers into the observed UTRAN CELL from the related adjacent UTRAN CELLs NOT controlled by this MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a "MAP\_PERFORM\_HANDOVER" service request .Both the source cell and target cell are all UTRAN cell and current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttOut3GHo3GInterMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.8 Successful outgoing handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing Handovers into the observed UTRAN CELL from the related adjacent UTRAN CELLs NOT controlled by this MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of "MAP\_SEND\_END\_SIGNAL" service response . Both the source cell and target cell are all UTRAN cell and current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. + +- e) MM.SuccOut3GHo3GInterMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.9 Attempted incoming handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to GSM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted incoming Handovers into the observed GSM CELL from the related adjacent UTRAN CELLs NOT controlled by this MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a "MAP\_PERFORM\_HANDOVER" service indication with target cell (target RNC) identity equal to observed cell. The source cell is UTRAN cell and target cell is GSM cell. Current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttInc3GHo2GInterMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.10 Successful incoming handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to GSM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful incoming Handovers into the observed GSM CELL from the related adjacent UTRAN CELLs NOT controlled by this MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a "MAP\_SEND\_END\_SIGNAL" service confirmation (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). The source cell is UTRAN cell and target cell is GSM cell. Current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.SuccInc3GHo2GInterMsc +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.11 Attempted outgoing handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to GSM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing Handovers into the observed GSM CELL from the related adjacent UTRAN CELLs NOT controlled by this MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a "MAP\_PERFORM\_HANDOVER" service request. The source cell is UTRAN cell and target cell is GSM cell. Current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.AttOut3GHo2GInterMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. + +- h) UMTS. + +#### 4.2.3.12 Successful outgoing handovers inter MSC-S from UMTS to GSM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing Handovers into the observed GSM CELL from the related adjacent UTRAN CELLs NOT controlled by this MSC-S. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of "MAP\_SEND\_END\_SIGNAL" service response. The source cell is UTRAN cell and target cell is GSM cell. Current handover is in inter-MSC handover status (3GPP TS 09.02 [17]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MM.SuccOut3GHo2GInterMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.4 Handover Intra MSC-S + +The measurements defined in 4.2.4.1-3 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.2.4.1 Attempted Handover Intra MSC-S from UMTS to GSM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted Handover Intra MSC-S from UMTS to GSM. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an "IU\_RELOCATION\_REQUIRED" service indication. Both the source cell and the target cell are within one MSC Server (3GPP TS 23.009 [34]). +- d) An integer value. +- e) MM.Att3GHo2GIntraMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.4.2 Successful Handover Intra MSC-S from UMTS to GSM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted Handover Intra MSC-S from UMTS to GSM. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a "HANDOVER\_COMPLETE" service indication. Both the source cell and the target cell are within one MSC Server (3GPP TS 23.009 [34]). +- d) An integer value. +- e) MM.Succ3GHo2GIntraMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.4.3 Failed Handover Intra MSC-S from UMTS to GSM + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed Handover Intra MSC-S from UMTS to GSM. + +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of a "IU\_RELOCATION\_PREPARATION\_FAILURE" message to source RNS. Both the source cell and the target cell are within one MSC Server (3GPP TS 23.009 [34]). +- d) An integer value. +- e) MM.Failed3GHo2GIntraMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +The measurements defined in 4.2.4.4-6 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.2.4.4 Attempted Handover Intra MSC-S from GSM to UMTS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted Handover Intra MSC-S from GSM to UMTS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an "HANDOVER\_REQUIRED" service indication. Both the source cell and the target cell are within one MSC Server (3GPP TS 23.009 [34]). +- d) An integer value. +- e) MM.Att2GHo3GIntraMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.4.5 Successful Handover Intra MSC-S from GSM to UMTS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted Handover Intra MSC-S from GSM to UMTS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an "IU\_RELOCATION\_COMPLETE" service indication. Both the source cell and the target cell are within one MSC Server (3GPP TS 23.009 [34]). +- d) An integer value. +- e) MM.Succ2GHo3GIntraMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.4.6 Failed Handover Intra MSC-S from GSM to UMTS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed Handover Intra MSC-S from GSM to UMTS. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of a "HANDOVER\_FAILURE" message to source BSS. Both the source cell and the target cell are within one MSC Server (3GPP TS 23.009 [34]). +- d) An integer value. + +- e) MM.Failed2GHo3GIntraMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +The measurements defined in 4.2.4.7-9 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.2.4.7 Attempted SRNS Relocation Intra MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted RNS relocation Intra MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a "IU\_RELOCATION\_REQUIRED" service indication. Both the source cell and the target cell are within one MSC Server (3GPP TS 23.009 [34]). +- d) An integer value. +- e) MM. Att3GHo3GIntraMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.4.8 Successful SRNS Relocation Intra MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted SRNS relocation Intra MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a "RELOCATION\_COMPLETE" service indication. Both the source cell and the target cell are within one MSC Server (3GPP TS 23.009 [34]). +- d) An integer value. +- e) MM. Succ3GHo3GIntraMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.2.4.9 Failed SRNS Relocation Intra MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed SRNS relocation Intra MSC-S from UMTS to UMTS. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of a "IU\_RELOCATION\_PREPARATION\_FAILURE" message to source RNS. Both the source cell and the target cell are within one MSC Server (3GPP TS 23.009 [34]). +- d) An integer value. +- e) MM. Failed3GHo3GIntraMsc. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.3 Signalling + +### 4.3.1 Overview + +This clause defines the signalling related performance measurements related to M3UA and MTP3. + +### 4.3.2 M3UA link related measurements + +#### 4.3.2.1 Number of received messages on M3UA link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of messages received on each M3UA link. +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when M3UA messages are received on the M3UA link. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.M3UALK PktReceived. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.2.2 Number of sent messages on M3UA link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of messages sent on each M3UA link. +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when M3UA messages are sent on the M3UA link. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.M3UALK PktSent. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.2.3 Number of octets received on M3UA link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of M3UA message octets received on each M3UA link. +- b) CC. +- c) Incremented when M3UA messages are received on the M3UA link. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.M3UALK OctReceived. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.2.4 Number of octets sent on M3UA link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of M3UA message octets sent on each M3UA link. +- b) CC. + +- c) Incremented when M3UA messages are sent on the M3UA link. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.M3UALKOCTSent. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.2.5 Mean duration of M3UA link congestion + +- a) This measurement provides the mean congestion duration of M3UA link. + +NOTE: M3UA link is based on SCTP association, The M3UA congestion happens when it can not send messages to SCTP layer.. Concept of M3UA link refers to CN CS NRM modelling method. + +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) The congestion duration of M3UA links in a measurement period. +- d) A real value (Unit: second). +- e) SIG.M3UALKCongestionDurationMean. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.2.6 Number of M3UA link congestion times + +- a) This measurement provides the number of M3UA link congestion times. +- b) CC. +- c) The number of congestion times of M3UA link in a measurement period. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrM3UALKCongestion. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.2.7 Mean unavailability time of M3UA link + +- a) This measurement provides the unavailability duration of M3UA link. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) Measurement is started when the M3UA link becomes unavailable and stopped when available. +- d) A real value. (unit: second) +- e) SIG.M3UALKUnavailableDurationMean. +- f) M3ULinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.2.8 Number of M3UA link unavailable times + +- a) This measurement provides the number of unavailable times of M3UA link.. +- b) CC. +- c) The number of out-of-service times of M3UA link in a measurement period. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrM3UALKUnavailable. +- f) M3ULinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.3.3 MTP3 signalling link related measurements + +#### 4.3.3.1 Mean duration of unavailable MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the duration of MTP3 link being unavailable. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for beginning of unavailable of MTP3/MTP3B signalling link to the end of unavailable of MTP3 signalling link over a granularity period using DER, see 3GPP TS 25.413 [5]. +- d) A real value. (unit: second) +- e) SIG.MTP3LKUnavailableDuration. +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.3.2 Number of MTP3 signalling link unavailable times + +- a) This measurement provides the number of unavailable times of signal link. +- b) CC. +- c) This measurement is obtained by addition of MTP3 signalling link unavailable over a granularity period. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3LKUnavailable. +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.3.3 Number of MSUs received on MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of message signal units received on MTP3 signalling link. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a message signal unit (ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3MSUReceived. +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.3.4 Number of MSUs sent on MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of message signal units sent on signalling link. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a message signal unit (ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3MSUSent. +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.3.5 Number of octets received on MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SIF and SIO octets received on signalling link. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of message signal unit (ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG. MTP3OctReceived. +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.3.6 Number of octets sent on MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SIF and SIO octets sent on signalling link. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a message signal unit (ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.MTP3OctSent. +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.3.3.7 Number of available MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of available MTP3/MTP3B signalling link. + +NOTE: Available links include those in usage. + +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Void +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3LKAvaliable. +- f) SignLinkSetTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.4 Equipment resource + +### 4.4.1 Overview + +This clause define performance measurements related to network element's parameters regarding to the resource usage status, system processing capability and system load, etc. + +### 4.4.2 CPU Load + +#### 4.4.2.1 Mean CPU Usage + +- a) This measurement provides the average CPU load during the measurement period. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval, CPU load and then taking the arithmetic mean. + +For the product with centralized controlled CPUs, there should be one CPU load. There is only one sub-counter for this measurement. Its name should be .sum. + +For the product with distributed controlled CPUs, there should be CPU load for each CPU. Processor ID could be used to differentiate those CPUs. + +- d) A real value (Unit: 100 %). +- e) EQPT.CPUUsageMean. +EQPT.CPUUsage.CPUid load of each processor for distributed controlled mode. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.4.3 Number of subscribers in VLR + +#### 4.4.3.1 Number of registered subscribers in VLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of subscribers registered in the VLR per LAC. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of registered subscribers registered in the VLR. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrCurrentSubsInVlr. +LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.3.2 Number of attached subscribers in VLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of subscribers attached in VLR per LAC. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of attached subscribers registered in the VLR. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrAttachedSubsInVlr. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.3.3 Number of registered national roaming subscribers in VLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of registered national roaming subscriber per LAC. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of registered national roaming subscribers registered in the VLR. National roaming subscribers are those subscribers who are roaming in a VPLMN network and the network has the same MCC (and in some case the MNC also same). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrNationalRoamingSubsInVlr. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.3.4 Number of attached national roaming subscribers in VLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attached national roaming subscribers per LAC. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of attached national roaming subscribers registered in the VLR. National roaming subscribers are those subscribers who are roaming in a VPLMN network and the network has the same MCC (and in some case the MNC also same). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrAttachedNRSubsInVlr. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.3.5 Number of registered international roaming subscriber in VLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of registered international subscribers per LAC. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of registered international roaming subscribers registered in the VLR. International roaming subscribers are those subscribers who are roaming in a VPLMN network and the network has a different MCC with HPLMN. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrInternationalRoamingSubsInVlr. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.3.6 Number of attached international roaming subscribers in VLR + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attached international roaming subscribers per LAC. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of attached international roaming subscribers registered in the VLR. International roaming subscribers are those subscribers who are roaming in a VPLMN network and the network has the different MCC with HPLMN. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrAttachedInterNRSubsInVlr. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +LA, specified by a concatenation of the MCC, MNC and LAC +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.4.4 Octets in MAC layer in MSC-S physical port + +#### 4.4.4.1 Number of octets sent on MAC layer in MSC-S physical port + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets sent on the FE MAC layer during the measurement period in MSC-S physical port. The measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "n-1 out of n approach". +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the MSC-S of an octet on the FE MAC layer. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.MACOctSent                    total of sent throughputs of all ports. +EQPT.MACOctSent.Port            sent throughput of the port identified by Port. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.4.2 Number of octets received on MAC layer in MSC-S physical port + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets received on the FE MAC layer during the measurement period in MSC-S physical port. The measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "n-1 out of n approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt by the MSC-S of an octet on the FE MAC layer. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.MACOctRecieved            total of received throughputs of all ports. +EQPT.MACOctRecieved.Port    received throughput of the port identified by Port. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.5 Trunk resource related measurements + +##### 4.4.5.1 Number of available trunks + +- a) This measurement provides the number of available trunk in the measurement period. This measurement is valid to Unidirectional out, uni-directional in and bi-directional trunk. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Void. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrAvailTrunks. +- f) MSCServerFunction/VlrFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.4.5.2 Number of available circuits in trunk group + +- a) This measurement provides the available circuit number, including the seized circuit number. This measurement is valid to Unidirectional out, uni-directional in and bi-directional trunk. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Void. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrAvailCircuit. +- f) CircuitEndPointSubgroup. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.4.6 H.248 message related measurements on Mc interface + +**Editor's note:** McLink need to be added to CN NRM. + +### 4.4.6.1 Number of H.248 messages received on Mc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of H.248 messages received on the Mc interface during the measurement period. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a H.248 message on Mc interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrMcH248MsgReceived. +- f) McLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.4.6.2 Number of H.248 messages sent on Mc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of H.248 messages sent on the Mc interface during the measurement period. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a message on Mc interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrMcH248MsgSent. +- f) McLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.4.6.3 Number of H.248 message octets received on Mc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of H.248 message octets received on Mc interface during the measurement period. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of H.248 messages on Mc interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.McH248OctReceived. +- f) McLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.4.6.4 Number of H.248 message octets sent on Mc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of H.248 message octets sent on Mc interface during the measurement period. +- b) CC. + +- c) On transmission of H.248 messages on Mc interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.McH248OctSent. +- f) McLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.7 BICC message on Nc interface related measurements + +Editor's note: NcLink need to be added to CN NRM. + +##### 4.4.7.1 Number of BICC messages received on Nc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of BICC messages received on the Nc interface during the measurement period. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of BICC message on Nc interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrNcMsgReceived. +- f) NcLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 4.4.7.2 Number of BICC messages sent on Nc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of BICC messages sent on the Nc interface during the measurement period. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of message on Nc interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrNcMsgSent. +- f) NcLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.7.3 Number of octets of BICC message received on Nc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of BICC message received on Nc interface during the measurement period. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on receipt of an octet of BICC message on the Nc interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NcOctReceived. +- f) NeLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 4.4.7.4 Number of octets of BICC message sent on Nc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of BICC message sent on Nc interface during the measurement period. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on transmission of an octet of BICC message on the Nc interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NcOctSent. +- f) NeLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +--- + +## 5 Measurements related to the CS MGW + +### 5.1 Measurements related to signalling + +#### 5.1.1 Overview + +The signalling measurements definition of MGW is same as those of MSC Server except the measurement object is MGWFunction. The measurements defined here are related to the Mc, IuCS, Nb and A interface. + +#### 5.1.2 M3UA link of MGW related performance + +##### 5.1.2.1 Number of messages received on M3UA link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of messages received on each M3UA link. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a M3UA message. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.M3UALKPktReceived. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +##### 5.1.2.2 Number of messages sent on M3UA link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of messages sent on each M3UA link. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a M3UA message. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.M3UALKPktSent. +- f) M3UALinkTP +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.1.2.3 Number of octets received on M3UA link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets received on each M3UA link. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a M3UA message. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.M3UALKOCTReceived. +- f) M3UALinkTP +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.1.2.4 Number of octets sent on M3UA link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets sent on each M3UA link. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a M3UA message. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.M3UALKOCTSent. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.1.2.5 Mean duration of M3UA link congestion + +- a) This measurement provides the mean congestion duration of M3UA link. + +NOTE: M3UA link is based on SCTP association, The M3UA congestion happens when it can not send messages to SCTP layer. When congestion happens, upper layer protocol of SCTP cannot deliver a message. It may receive a SCTP\_SEND\_FAILED message as a notification [reference: draft-ietf-tsvwg-sctpsocket, clause 5.3.1.4] with a parameter of out-of-resource (reference: RFC 2960 [19]). Concept of M3UA link refers to CN CS NRM modelling method. + +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) The congestion duration of M3UA links in a measurement period. +- d) A real value (Unit: second). +- e) SIG.M3UALKCongestionDurationMean. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.2.6 Number of M3UA link congestion times + +- a) This measurement provides the number of M3UA link congestion times. +- b) CC. +- c) The number of congestion times of M3UA link in a pre-defined interval. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrM3UALKCongestion. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.2.7 Mean unavailable duration of M3UA link + +- a) This measurement provides the unavailable duration of M3UA link. +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for beginning of unavailable of M3UA link to the end of available of M3UA link over a granularity period using DER. +- d) A real value (unit: seconds). +- e) SIG.M3UALKUnavailableDurationMean. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.2.8 Number of M3UA link unavailable times + +- a) This measurement provides the number of unavailable times of M3UA link. +- b) CC. +- c) This measurement is obtained by addition of M3UA signalling link unavailable occurrences over a granularity period. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrM3UALKUnavailable. +- f) M3UALinkTP. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.1.3 MTP3/MTP3B signalling link of MGW related performance + +NOTE: The measurements included here for Level 3 are likely to be appropriate also in the broadband environment (ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). + +#### 5.1.3.1 Number of MSUs received on MTP3/MTP3B signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of message signalling units received on signalling link (MSUs/SL, ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a message signalling unit (ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3MSUReceived (SIG.NbrMTP3BMSUReceived). +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.3.2 Number of MSUs sent on MTP3/MTP3B signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of message signalling units sent on signalling link (MSUs/SL, ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a message signalling unit (ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3MSUSent(SIG.NbrMTP3BMSUSent). +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.3.3 Number of octets received on MTP3/MTP3B signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SIF and SIO octets received on signalling link (Octets/SL, ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a message signalling unit(ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.MTP3OctReceived(SIG.MTP3BOctReceived). +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.3.4 Number of octets sent on MTP3/MTP3B signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SIF and SIO octets sent on signalling link (Octets/SL, ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). + +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a message signalling unit (ITU-T Recommendation Q.752) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.MTP3OctSent(SIG.MTP3BOctSent). +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.3.5 Number of available MTP3/MTP3B signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of available MTP3/MTP3B signalling link. + +NOTE: Available links include those in usage. + +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Void. +- d) a single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3LKAvaliable(SIG.NbrMTP3BLKAvaliable). +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.3.6 Number of unavailable times of MTP3/MTP3B signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of unavailable time of MTP3/MTP3B signalling link. +- b) CC. +- c) This measurement is obtained by addition of MTP3/MTP3B signalling link unavailable occurrences over a granularity period. +- d) a single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3LKUnavailble(SIG.NbrMTP3BLKUnavailble). +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.1.3.7 Mean duration of unavailable MTP3/MTP3B signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the mean duration of unavailable of MTP3/MTP3B signalling link. +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for beginning of unavailable of MTP3/MTP3B signalling link to the end of unavailable of MTP3/MTP3B signalling link over a granularity period using DER, see 3GPP TS 25.413 [5]. +- d) a realvalue.(Unit: second). +- e) SIG.MTP3LKUnavailableDurationMean(SIG.MTP3BLKUnavailableDurationMean). +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 5.1.4 Route set related performance + +### 5.1.4.1 Number of occurrences of unavailability of a route set to a given destination + +- a) This measurement provides the number of occurrences of unavailability of a routeset to a given destination (ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- b) CC +- c) Steps when all routes in the route set become unavailable. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrRoutesetUnavailable. +- f) SignRouteSetNePart. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.1.4.2 Duration of unavailability of a route set to a given destination + +- a) This measurement provides the duration of unavailability of a routeset to a given destination in seconds (ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) The unavailable duration of the route set in a measurement period. +- d) A single real value (unit: second). +- e) SIG.DurationRoutesetUnavailable. +- f) SignRouteSetNePart. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +NOTE: The measurement object class could be extended beyond SignRouteSetNePart (which is currently defined in 3GPP TS 32.742 [20] - Signalling Transport NRM). + +## 5.2 Measurements related to bearer control + +### 5.2.1 Overview + +The control plane signalling and the user plane bear are separated in R4. The bearer control of user plane is handled in this clause, including bearer setup and user plane initialized, etc. + +### 5.2.2 Measurements related to the ATM AAL2 connection setup + +#### 5.2.2.1 Attempted AAL2 connection setup + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted connection setup on the Iu interface from RNC to MGW. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a "ALCAP-ERQ"[1] message by MGW from RNC on the Iu interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.AttAAL2ConnSetup. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.2.2.2 Successful AAL2 connection setup + +- a) This measurement provides the successful AAL2 connection setup on the Iu interface from MGW to RNC. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MGW of a "ALCAP-ECF"[1] message to RNC on the Iu interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.SuccAAL2ConnSetup. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 5.2.3 Measurements related to IP RTP connection + +### 5.2.3.1 Attempted outgoing connection setup + +- a) This measurement provides the attempted outgoing connection setup on the Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MGW of an "IPBCP-Request" message for MGW on the Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.AttOutIpSetup. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.2.3.2 Successful outgoing connection setup + +- a) This measurement provides the successful outgoing connection setup on the Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of "IPBCP-Accepted" message on the Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.SuccOutIpSetup. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.2.3.3 Attempted incoming connection setup + +- a) This measurement provides the attempted incoming connection setup on the Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of an "IPBCP-Request" message on the Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.AttIncIpSetup. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.2.3.4 Successful incoming connection setup + +- a) This measurement provides the successful incoming connection setup on the Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MGW of an "IPBCP-Accepted" message on Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.SuccIncIpsetup. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 5.2.4 Measurements related to the User Plane (UP) Init + +### 5.2.4.1 Attempted outgoing initial UP on the Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the outgoing attempted initialization of UP on Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MGW of a "UP- INITIALISATION" message for MGW on the Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.AttOutNbUPInit. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.2.4.2 Successful outgoing initial UP on the Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the successful outgoing initialization of UP on the Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of a "UP-INITIALISATION ACK" message on the Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.SuccOutNbUPInit. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.2.4.3 Attempted incoming initial UP on the Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the attempted incoming initialization of UP on the Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of a "UP-INITIALISATION" message on the Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.AttIncNbUPInit. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.2.4.4 Successful incoming initial UP on the Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the successful incoming initialization of UP on the Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MGW of a "UP-INITIALISATION ACK" message on the Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.SuccIncNbUPInit. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.2.4.5 Attempted outgoing initial UP on the Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the attempted outgoing initialization of UP on the Iu interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MGW of a "UP-INITIALISATION" message on the Iu interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.AttOutIuUPInit. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.2.4.6 Successful outgoing initial UP on the Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the successful outgoing initialization of UP on the Iu interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of a "UP-INITIALISATION ACK" message on the Iu interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.SuccOutIuUPInit. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.2.4.7 Attempted incoming initial UP on the Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the attempted incoming initialization of UP on the Iu interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of a "UP-INITIALISATION" message on the Iu interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.AttIncIuUPInit. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.2.4.8 Successful incoming initial UP on the Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the successful incoming initialization of UP on the Iu interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MGW of a "UP-INITIALISATION ACK" message on the Iu interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BC.SuccIuUPInit. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 5.3 Bearer transport + +### 5.3.1 Overview + +The clause defines performance measurements related to bearer transport layer in Nb interface. + +### 5.3.2 Measurements related to Nb interface + +#### 5.3.2.1 Number of RTP messages received on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RTP message received on Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of a RTP message on Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbrNbRTPReceived. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.3.2.2 Number of RTP messages sent on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RTP messages sent on Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MGW of a RTP message on Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbrNbRTPSent. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.3.2.3 Number of RTP octets received on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RTP octets received on Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of a RTP message on Nb interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbOctRTPReceived. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.3.2.4 Number of RTP octets sent on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RTP octets sent on Nb interface. +- b) CC. + +- c) On transmission by MGW of a RTP message on Nb interface +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbOctRTPSent. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.3.2.5 Number of lost RTP messages on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of lost RTP messages on Nb interface. +- b) CC. +- c) When failed of transmission of RTP messages to destination MGW +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbrNbRTPLost. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.3.2.6 The maximum delay on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum delay on Nb interface. +- b) Gauge. +- c) This measurement is obtained by Calculating RTP streams in all direction based on RTCP on Nb interface over a granularity period (such as 5 seconds). The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. + +NOTE: RTCP is an optional protocol. + +- d) A single integer value (Unit: ms). +- e) BRT.NbRTPDelayMax. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.3.2.7 The maximum delay jitter on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum delay jitter on Nb interface. +- b) Gauge. +- c) This measurement is obtained by Calculating RTP streams jitter based on RTCP on Nb interface (RFC 1889 [21] or RFC 3550 [22]) over a granularity period (It is settable for RTCP packet transmission period, 5 seconds is the normal value. The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. + +NOTE: RTCP is an optional protocol. + +- d) A single integer value (unit: millisecond). +- e) BRT.NbDelayJitterMax. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.3.2.8 The mean delay on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the mean delay on Nb interface. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by Calculating RTP streams in all direction based on RTCP on Nb interface over a granularity period (such as 5 seconds) using DER. + +NOTE: RTCP is an optional protocol. + +- d) A single integer value (Unit: ms). +- e) BRT. NbRTPDelayMean. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. +- i) This measurement is only applicable to the network where RTCP is supported. + +### 5.3.2.9 The mean delay Jitter on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the mean jitter on Nb interface. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by Calculating RTP streams jitter based on RTCP on Nb interface (RFC 1889 [21] or RFC 3550 [22]) over a granularity period (It is settable for RTCP packet transmission period, 5 seconds is the normal value ) using DER. + +NOTE: RTCP is an optional protocol. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbDelayJitterMean. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +- i) This measurement is only applicable to the network where RTCP is supported. + +### 5.3.3 AAL2 related measurements on Iu CS interface + +#### 5.3.3.1 Number of AAL2 packets received on IuCS interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of ATM AAL2 packets received on IuCS AAL2 connection. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of AAL2 packets on AAL2 connection on the IuCS interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbrIuCSAAL2PktReceived. +- f) IuCSLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.3.3.2 Number of AAL2 packets sent on IuCS interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of ATM AAL2 packets sent on IuCS AAL2 connection. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MGW of AAL2 packets on AAL2 connection on the IuCS interface +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbrIuCSAAL2PktSent. +- f) IuCSLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.3.3.3 Octets of AAL2 packets received on IuCS interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of AAL2 packet octets received on IuCS AAL2 connection. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of AAL2 packets on IuCS interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.IuCSAAL2OctReceived. +- f) IuCSLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.3.3.4 Octets of AAL2 packets sent on IuCS interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of AAL2 packet octets sent on IuCS AAL2 connection. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MGW of AAL2 packets on IuCS interface. +- d) A single integer value. + +- e) BRT.IuCSAAL2OctSent. +- f) IuCSLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +### 5.3.4 RTP related measurements on Iu CS interface + +#### 5.3.4.1 Number of RTP messages received on Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the total number of RTP messages received on all Iu interface in one MGW. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of a RTP message on Iu interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbrIuRTPPktReceived. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.3.4.2 Number of RTP messages sent on Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RTP messages sent on Iu interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MGW of a RTP message on Iu interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbrIuRTPPktSent. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.3.4.3 Number of RTP octets received on Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets received on Iu interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by MGW of a RTP message on Iu interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.IuOctRTPReceived. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.3.4.4 Number of RTP octets sent on Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RTP octets sent on Iu interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by MGW of a RTP message on Iu interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.IuOctRTPSent. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.3.4.5 Number of lost RTP packets on Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of lost RTP messages on Iu interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On failed of transmission RTP messages to destination MGW. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbrIuRTPLostPkt. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.3.4.6 The maximum delay on Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum delay on Iu interface. +- b) Gauge. +- c) This measurement is obtained by Calculating RTP streams in all direction based on RTCP on Iu interface over a granularity period (such as 5 seconds). The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. + +NOTE: RTCP is an optional protocol. + +- d) A single integer value (Unit: ms). +- e) BRT.IuRTCPDelayMax. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.3.4.7 The maximum delay jitter on Iu interface + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum delay jitter on Iu interface. +- b) Gauge. +- c) This measurement is obtained by Calculating RTP streams jitter based on RTCP on Iu interface (RFC 1889 [21] or RFC 3550 [22]) over a granularity period (It is settable for RTCP packet transmission period, 5 seconds is the normal value. The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. + +NOTE: RTCP is an optional protocol. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT. IuDelayJitterMax. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.3.2.8 The mean delay on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the mean delay on Nb interface. +- b) DER (n=1). + +- c) This measurement is obtained by Calculating RTP streams in all direction based on RTCP on Nb interface over a granularity period (such as 5 seconds) using DER. + +NOTE: RTCP is an optional protocol. + +- d) A single integer value (Unit: ms). +- e) BRT. NbRTPDelayMean. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. +- i) This measurement is only applicable to the network where RTCP is supported. + +### 5.3.2.9 The mean delay Jitter on Nb interface + +- a) This measurement provides the mean jitter on Nb interface. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by Calculating RTP streams jitter based on RTCP on Nb interface (RFC 1889 [21] or RFC 3550 [22]) over a granularity period (It is settable for RTCP packet transmission period, 5 seconds is the normal value ) using DER. + +NOTE: RTCP is an optional protocol. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbDelayJitterMean. +- f) NbLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. +- i) This measurement is only applicable to the network where RTCP is supported. + +### 5.3.5 Number of seized PVC link on Iu CS interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of seized PVC links established on Iu CS interface (Except of the PVC link created manually). +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented when a PVC link is seized. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) BRT.NbIuCSPVC. +- f) IuCSLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 5.4 Equipment resource + +### 5.4.1 Overview + +This clause define performance measurements related to network element's parameters regarding to the resource usage status, system processing capability and system load, etc. + +## 5.4.2 CPU Load + +### 5.4.2.1 Mean CPU usage + +- a) This measurement provides the average CPU load during the measurement period. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval, CPU load and then taking the arithmetic mean. + +For the product with centralized controlled CPUs, there should be one CPU load. There is only one sub-counter for this measurement. Its name should be .sum. + +For the product with distributed controlled CPUs, there should be CPU load for each CPU. Processor ID could be used to differentiate those CPUs. + +- d) A real value (Unit: percentage). +- e) EQPT.CPUUsageMean. +EQPT.CPUUsage.CPUid load of each processor for distributed controlled mode. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 5.4.3 Octets in MAC layer in MGW port + +### 5.4.3.1 Number of octets sent on MAC layer in MGW port + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets sent on the FE MAC layer during the measurement period in MGW port. The measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "n-1 out of n approach". +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on transmission of an octet on MAC layer in MGW port. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) EQPT.MACOctSent            total of sent throughputs of all ports. +EQPT.MACOctSent.Port      sent throughput of the port identified by Port. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.4.3.2 Number of octets received on MAC layer in MGW port + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets received on the FE MAC layer during the measurement period in MGW port. The measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "n-1 out of n approach". +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented on receipt of an octet on MAC layer in MGW port. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) EQPT.MACOctRecieved      total of received throughputs of all ports. +EQPT.MACOctRecieved.Port received throughput of the port identified by Port. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 5.4.4 H.248 message related measurements on Mc interface + +**Editor's note:** McLink need to be added to CN NRM. + +### 5.4.4.1 Number of H.248 message received on Mc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of H.248 messages received on Mc interface from MGW's perspective. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a H.248 message on Mc interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrMcMsgReceived. +- f) McLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.4.4.2 Number of H.248 message sent on Mc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of H.248 message sent on Mc interface from MGW's perspective. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a H.248 message on Mc interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrMcMsgSent. +- f) McLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.4.4.3 Number of H.248 message octets received on Mc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of H.248 message octets received on Mc interface from MGW's perspective. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a H.248 message. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrMcH248OctReceived. +- f) McLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.4.4.4 Number of H.248 message octets sent on Mc interface + +- a) This measurement provides the number of H.248 message octets sent on Mc interface from MGW's perspective. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a H.248 message on Mc interface. +- d) A single integer value. + +- e) EQPT.NbrMcH248OctSent. +- f) McLink. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 5.4.5 Transcode + +### 5.4.5.1 Number of failed calls caused by transcode resource + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed calls caused by shortage of Transcoder. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of "Add Response", "Modify Response", "Notify Request" message with the value equal to "UR' (Unavailable Resource). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrCallFailureOfTCShortage. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.4.5.2 Number of attempted seized transcoder + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted seized transcoder resource. +- b) CC. +- c) The relevant measurement is incremented when attempted seize for transcoder resource. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.AttTCSeizure. +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 5.5 User Plane services + +### 5.5.1 Overview + +This clause defines performance measurements related to network elements' usage of the following User Plane services, for which failure to seize can lead to call loss: + +- CC, Continuity Check (CC) [ITU-T Q.724] +- DTMF, DTMF Sending and Detection [TS 23.014] +- GTT, Global Text Telephony [TS 22.226] +- MFH, Media Frame Handler [TS 25.415, 29.415] +- MPC, Multiparty Call [ITU-T I.254.1] +- SC, Speech Coder [TS 23.153, 26.071, 26.090] +- TS, Tone Sender or Line Test [ITU-T E.182] + +### 5.5.2 Continuity Check (CC) + +#### 5.5.2.1 Number of seizure attempts for CC + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempts to seize CC services. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of H.248 commands "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Continuity Check (CC) service. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureAttCC +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.5.2.2 Number of successful CC seizures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful attempts to seize CC services. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of H.248 commands "Add Reply" or "Modify Reply" after the "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Continuity Check (CC) service has been successfully executed without any failure such as congestion. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureSuccCC +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 5.5.3 DTMF Sending and Detection (DTMF) + +### 5.5.3.1 Number of seizure attempts for DTMF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempts to seize DTMF services. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of H.248 commands "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for DTMF Sending and Detection (DTMF) service. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureAttDTMF +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +### 5.5.3.2 Number of successful DTMF seizures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful attempts to seize DTMF services. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of H.248 commands "Add Reply" or "Modify Reply" after the "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for DTMF Sending and Detection (DTMF) service has been successfully executed without any failure such as congestion. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureSuccDTMF +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 5.5.4 Global Text Telephony (GTT) + +### 5.5.4.1 Number of seizure attempts for GTT + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempts to seize GTT services. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of H.248 commands "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Global Text Telephony (GTT) service. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureAttGTT +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +### 5.5.4.2 Number of successful GTT seizures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful attempts to seize GTT services. + +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of H.248 commands "Add Reply" or "Modify Reply" after the "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Global Text Telephony (GTT) service has been successfully executed without any failure such as congestion. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureSuccGTT +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 5.5.5 Media Frame Handler (MFH) + +### 5.5.5.1 Number of seizure attempts for MFH + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempts to seize MFH services. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of H.248 commands "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Media Frame Handler (MFH) service. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureAttMFH +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +### 5.5.5.2 Number of successful MFH seizures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful attempts to seize MFH services. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of H.248 commands "Add Reply" or "Modify Reply" after the "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Media Frame Handler (MFH) service has been successfully executed without any failure such as congestion. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureSuccMFH +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 5.5.6 Multiparty Call (MPC) + +### 5.5.6.1 Number of seizure attempts for MPC + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempts to seize MPC services. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of H.248 commands "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Multiparty Call (MPC) service. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureAttMPC +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.5.6.2 Number of successful MPC seizures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful attempts to seize MPC services. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of H.248 commands "Add Reply" or "Modify Reply" after the "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Multiparty Call (MPC) service has been successfully executed without any failure such as congestion. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureSuccMPC +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +### 5.5.7 Speech Coder (SC) + +#### 5.5.7.1 Number of seizure attempts for SC + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempts to seize SC services. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of H.248 commands "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Speech Coder (SC) service. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureAttSC +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +#### 5.5.7.2 Number of successful SC seizures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful attempts to seize SC services. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of H.248 commands "Add Reply" or "Modify Reply" after the "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Speech Coder (SC) service has been successfully executed without any failure such as congestion. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureSuccSC +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. + +- h) UMTS. + +## 5.5.8 Tone Sender or Line Test (TS) + +### 5.5.8.1 Number of seizure attempts for TS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempts to seize TS services. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of H.248 commands "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Tone Sender or Line Test (TS) service. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureAttTS +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +### 5.5.8.2 Number of successful TS seizures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful attempts to seize TS services. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of H.248 commands "Add Reply" or "Modify Reply" after the "Add Request" or "Modify Request" for Tone Sender or Line Test (TS) service has been successfully executed without any failure such as congestion. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) EQPT.NbrSeizureSuccTS +- f) MGWFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +--- + +## 6 Measurements related to the HLR + +### 6.1 Equipment resource + +#### 6.1.1 Overview + +The clause provides the measurements related to HLR from equipment resource perspective. + +#### 6.1.2 CPU LOAD + +##### 6.1.2.1 Mean CPU usage + +- a) This measurement provides the average CPU load during the measurement period. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval, CPU load and then taking the arithmetic mean. + +For the product with centralized controlled CPUs, there should be one CPU load. There is only one sub-counter for this measurement. Its name should be .sum. + +For the product with distributed controlled CPUs, there should be CPU load for each CPU. Processor ID could be used to differentiate those CPUs. + +d) A real value (Unit: 100 %). + +e) EQPT.CPUUsageMean. + +EQPT.CPUUsage.CPUid load of each processor for distributed controlled mode. + +f) HLRFunction. + +g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. + +h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 6.1.3 Subscribers related measurements + +### 6.1.3.1 Subscribers in HLR + +- a) This measurement provides average of various subscribers' number in HLR. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement provides the number of subscribers located in the HLR. Trigger alternatives to identify 2G and 3G subscriber: + - 1) one of the user parameters in HLR-video phone service parameter; + - 2) access restriction data (3GPP TS 23.008 [18]) in HLR. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. + +e) EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr + +| | | +|-----------------------------------|-----------------------| +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.3Gsubs | Total 3G subscribers. | +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.3GsubsForCsData | CSD 3G subscribers. | +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.3GsubsforIN | IN 3G subscribers. | +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.3GSubsforLCS | LCS 3G subscribers. | +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.3GSubsforGPRS | GRPS 3G subscribers. | + +NOTE: GRPS 3G subscribers are those 3G user who have GPRS service. + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------| +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.3GsubsForRoamingNational | 3G National roaming subscribers. | +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.3GsubsForRoamingInternational | 3G international roaming subscribers. | +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.2Gsubs | 2G subscribers. | +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.2GsubsForIN | 2G IN subscribers. | +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.2GSubsForGPRS | 2G GPRS subscribers. | +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.2GsubsForRoamingNational | 2G national roaming out subscribers. | +| EQPT.NbrSubsInHlr.2GsubsForRoamingInternational | 2G international roaming out subscribers. | + +- f) HLRFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 6.1.4 MTP3 signalling link related measurements + +### 6.1.4.1 Number of unavailable times of MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of unavailable times of signal link. +- b) CC. +- c) This measurement is obtained by addition of MTP3 signalling link unavailable occurrences over a granularity period. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3LKUnavailable. +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 6.1.4.2 Number of MSUs received on MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of message signal units received on signalling link(MSUs/SL, ITU-T Recommendation Q.752). +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a message signal unit. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3MSUReceived. +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 6.1.4.3 Number of MSUs sent on MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of message signal units sent on signalling link(MSUs/SL, ITU-T Recommendation Q.753 [23]). +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a message signal unit. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3MSUSent +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 6.1.4.4 Number of octets received on MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SIF and SIO octets received on signalling link(MSUs/SL, ITU-T Recommendation Q.753 [23]). +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a message signal unit. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.MTP3OctReceived. +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 6.1.4.5 Number of octets sent on MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SIF and SIO octets sent on signalling link(MSUs/SL, ITU-T Recommendation Q.753 [23]). +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a message signal unit. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.MTP3OctSent. +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 6.1.4.6 Number of available MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the number of available MTP3 links, including signalling link in usage. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) Void +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SIG.NbrMTP3LKAvailable. +- f) SignLinkSetTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 6.1.4.7 Mean duration of unavailable MTP3 signalling link + +- a) This measurement provides the mean duration of unavailable of signalling link. +- b) DER(n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for beginning of unavailable of MTP3 signalling link to the end of unavailable of MTP3 signalling link over a granularity period using DER, see 3GPP TS 25.413 [5]. +- d) a real value.(Unit: second). +- e) SIG.MTP3LKUnavailableDurationMean +- f) SignLinkTp. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +--- + +## Annex A (informative): Examples for "(n-1) out of n" approach + +See 3GPP TS 32.404 [8], annex A. + +--- + +### A.1 Attempt/success/failure procedure measurements + +See 3GPP TS 32.404 [8], clause A.1. + +--- + +### A.2 GSM/UMTS combined measurements + +See 3GPP TS 32.404 bedded "(n-1) out of n" approaches + +See 3GPP TS 32.404 [8], clause A.3. + +--- + +## Annex B (informative): Top-Down Performance Measurement Definition Process + +See 3GPP TS 32.404 [8] clause B. + +--- + +## Annex C (normative): Use cases for performance measurements definition + +The present Annex provides the concrete use cases for the CS performance measurements defined in the present specification. + +--- + +### C.1 Use case of the Mean delay Jitter on Nb interface related measurements + +The present maximum delay and maximum delay jitter on Nb interface related measurements are "worst case" value. If maximum value is big and mean value is small, this means that network quality is good. If maximum value and mean value are all big, this means network quality is bad. Both mean value and maximum value could help operator to evaluate the network performance. + +--- + +### C.2 Use case of the Mean delay Jitter on Nb interface related measurements + +The present maximum delay and maximum delay jitter on Nb interface related measurements are "worst case" value. If maximum value is big and mean value is small, this means that network quality is good. If maximum value and mean value are all big, this means network quality is bad. Both mean value and maximum value could help operator to evaluate the network performance. + +--- + +### C.3 Use case of number of subscribers in VLR + +The number of subscribers in VLR per LAC related measurements are very useful to analyze network load balance and predict traffic per LAC. Operator could also optimize the network resources per LAC based on the measurements. + +--- + +### C.4 Use case of Number of Handover Intra MSC-S + +Handover successful rate is an important index in network management. If the handover successful rate is reduced, the probability of drop session will be risen and the network operation performance will be reduced. Besides handover inter MSC-S, handover intra MSC-S related measurements could complete handover scenario related measurements. + +--- + +## Annex E (informative): Use case for measurements + +### E.1 Use case for IuCSlink and Alink related MO/MT and traffic measurements + +Call originated and terminated from each BSC and / or each RNC related measurements are very useful to learn the call related performance per BSC or RNC, such as call drop rate. Since it is difficult to meet the requirement of call related performance per BSC or RNC from existing performance measurement based on MSCServerFunction, especially in the case MSC pool is used. So it is necessary to define MO/MT related measurements based on Alink and IuCSlink object. + +Call traffic from each BSC and / or each RNC related measurements are useful to learn traffic distribution to evaluate load balance performance. So it is necessary to define measurement related to traffic based on Alink and IuCSlink object. + +## Annex E (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | R | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060557 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#33 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Mar 2007 | SA_35 | SP-070061 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#35 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | SP-070278 | 0001 | -- | Corrections of terminology, incorrect character usage and redundant terms. | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | SP-070278 | 0002 | -- | Correction of trigger conditions for TDM call related measurements | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | SP-070276 | 0003 | -- | Correct the undefined MOC "Trunkgroup" | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | SP-070278 | 0004 | -- | Add missing MGW measurements for user plane services, related to call loss | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Sep 2008 | SA_41 | SP-081209 | 0005 | -- | Incorrect description of information flow for paging related performance. | F | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.2.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 9 | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SA_49 | SP-100489 | 0006 | -- | Correct the data type of Measurement Result in Mobile terminating call traffic | F | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| May 2011 | SA_52 | SP-110288 | 0008 | 1 | Correcting the measurement definitions | A | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA_53 | SP-110535 | 0009 | -- | Add the mean delay and mean delay jitter on Iu interface | B | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA_53 | SP-110535 | 0010 | -- | Add the mean delay and mean delay jitter on Nb interface | B | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA_53 | SP-110535 | 0011 | -- | Correct the number of subscribers in VLR | F | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA_53 | SP-110535 | 0012 | -- | Add Number of Handover Intra MSC-S related measurements | B | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA_53 | SP-110535 | 0013 | 1 | Addition of lucslink and Alink related MT MO calls and traffic measurements | B | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SA_54 | SP-110704 | 0017 | -- | Correcting measurement definitions | A | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| March 2012 | SA_55 | SP-120044 | 0020 | -- | Correcting the codec modification related measurements to eliminate wrong KPI results | A | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32408/b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32408/b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7230cf289a0872b71bfa4e796d3c983eae1899ae --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32408/b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ 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+|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 6 | +| Introduction ..... | 6 | +| 1 Scope..... | 8 | +| 2 References..... | 8 | +| 3 Measurement family and abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 3.1 Measurement family..... | 9 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 4 Measurements related to the MMS Relay/Server ..... | 10 | +| 4.1 MM1..... | 12 | +| 4.1.1 Number of Multimedia Messages submit requests received by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.2 Number of Multimedia Messages submit responses sent by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.3 Number of Multimedia Messages notification requests sent by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.4 Number of Multimedia Messages notification responses received by MMS Relay/Server..... | 13 | +| 4.1.5 Number of Multimedia Messages retrieve requests received by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 14 | +| 4.1.6 Number of Multimedia Messages retrieve responses sent by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 14 | +| 4.1.7 Number of Multimedia Messages acknowledgement requests received by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 14 | +| 4.1.8 Number of Multimedia Messages forward requests received by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 15 | +| 4.1.9 Number of Multimedia Messages forward responses sent by MMS Relay/Server..... | 15 | +| 4.1.10 Number of Multimedia Messages delivery report requests sent by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 15 | +| 4.1.11 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply recipient requests received by MMS Relay/Server..... | 15 | +| 4.1.12 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply originator requests sent by MMS Relay/Server..... | 16 | +| 4.2 MM4..... | 16 | +| 4.2.1 Number of Multimedia Messages forward requests received by MMS Relay/Server..... | 16 | +| 4.2.2 Number of Multimedia Messages forward requests sent by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 16 | +| 4.2.3 Number of Multimedia Messages forward responses received by MMS Relay/Server..... | 17 | +| 4.2.4 Number of Multimedia Messages forward responses sent by MMS Relay/Server..... | 17 | +| 4.2.5 Number of Multimedia Messages delivery report requests received by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 17 | +| 4.2.6 Number of Multimedia Messages delivery report requests sent by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 18 | +| 4.2.7 Number of Multimedia Messages delivery report responses received by MMS Relay/Server..... | 18 | +| 4.2.8 Number of Multimedia Messages delivery report responses sent by MMS Relay/Server..... | 18 | +| 4.2.9 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply requests received by MMS Relay/Server..... | 19 | +| 4.2.10 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply requests sent by MMS Relay/Server..... | 19 | +| 4.2.11 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply responses received by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 19 | +| 4.2.12 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply responses sent by MMS Relay/Server ..... | 20 | +| 5. SMS related measurements..... | 21 | +| 5.1 SMS in the CS domain (MSC)..... | 21 | +| 5.1.1 CS SMS mobile originating..... | 21 | +| 5.1.1.1 Attempted CS SMS mobile originating ..... | 21 | +| 5.1.1.2 Successful CS SMS mobile originating..... | 21 | +| 5.1.2 CS SMS mobile terminating..... | 21 | +| 5.1.2.1 Attempted CS SMS mobile terminating ..... | 21 | +| 5.1.2.2 Successful CS SMS mobile terminating ..... | 22 | +| 5.1.3 CS ms-Present ..... | 22 | +| 5.1.3.1 Attempted CS ms-Present..... | 22 | +| 5.1.3.2 Successful CS ms-Present..... | 23 | +| 5.1.4 CS "memory available" ..... | 23 | +| 5.1.4.1 Attempted CS "memory available" ..... | 23 | +| 5.1.4.2 Successful CS "memory available" ..... | 23 | +| 5.2 SMS in the PS domain (SGSN)..... | 24 | +| 5.2.1 PS SMS mobile originating ..... | 24 | +| 5.2.1.1 Attempted PS SMS mobile originating ..... | 24 | +| 5.2.1.2 Successful PS SMS mobile originating ..... | 24 | +| 5.2.2 PS SMS mobile terminating ..... | 25 | +| 5.2.2.1 Attempted PS SMS mobile terminating..... | 25 | +| 5.2.2.2 Successful PS SMS mobile terminating ..... | 25 | + +| | | | +|---------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 5.2.3 | PS ms-Present..... | 25 | +| 5.2.3.1 | Attempted PS ms-Present ..... | 25 | +| 5.2.3.2 | Successful PS ms-Present..... | 26 | +| 5.2.4 | PS "memory available" ..... | 26 | +| 5.2.4.1 | Attempted PS "memory available" ..... | 26 | +| 5.2.4.2 | Successful PS "memory available" ..... | 27 | +| 5.3 | SMS in the CS/PS domain (MSC/SGSN)..... | 27 | +| 5.3.1 | SMS mobile originating ..... | 27 | +| 5.3.1.1 | Attempted SMS mobile originating..... | 27 | +| 5.3.1.2 | Successful SMS mobile originating..... | 28 | +| 5.3.2 | SMS mobile terminating..... | 28 | +| 5.3.2.1 | Attempted SMS mobile terminating..... | 28 | +| 5.3.2.2 | Successful SMS mobile terminating..... | 28 | +| 5.3.3 | Ms-Present..... | 29 | +| 5.3.3.1 | Attempted ms-Present..... | 29 | +| 5.3.3.2 | Successful ms-Present..... | 29 | +| 5.3.4 | "Memory available"..... | 30 | +| 5.3.4.1 | Attempted "memory available"..... | 30 | +| 5.3.4.2 | Successful "memory available" ..... | 30 | +| 6 | Measurements related to CS data calls ..... | 31 | +| 6.1 | Attempted UE originating CS data calls ..... | 31 | +| 6.2 | Successful UE originating CS data calls..... | 31 | +| 6.3 | Answered UE originating CS data calls..... | 31 | +| 6.4 | Attempted incoming CS data calls..... | 32 | +| 6.5 | Successful incoming CS data calls..... | 32 | +| 6.6 | Answered incoming CS data calls..... | 32 | +| 7 | Measurements related to CS multimedia calls..... | 33 | +| 7.1 | Attempted UE originating CS multimedia calls..... | 33 | +| 7.2 | Successful UE originating CS multimedia calls ..... | 33 | +| 7.3 | Answered UE originating CS multimedia calls ..... | 33 | +| 7.4 | Attempted UE terminating CS multimedia calls..... | 33 | +| 7.5 | Successful UE terminating CS multimedia calls..... | 34 | +| 7.6 | Answered UE terminating CS multimedia calls ..... | 34 | +| 7.7 | Attempted incoming CS multimedia calls ..... | 34 | +| 7.8 | Successful incoming CS multimedia calls ..... | 35 | +| 7.9 | Answered incoming CS multimedia calls..... | 35 | +| 7.10 | Attempted outgoing CS multimedia calls ..... | 35 | +| 7.11 | Successful outgoing CS multimedia calls..... | 35 | +| 7.12 | Answered outgoing CS multimedia calls..... | 36 | +| 7.13 | Attempted user initiated service change requests from CS multimedia to speech..... | 36 | +| 7.14 | Successful user initiated service change requests from CS multimedia to speech ..... | 36 | +| 7.15 | Attempted user initiated service change requests from speech to CS multimedia..... | 37 | +| 7.16 | Successful user initiated service change requests from speech to CS multimedia ..... | 37 | +| 7.17 | Attempted network initiated service change requests from CS multimedia to speech ..... | 37 | +| 7.18 | Successful network initiated service change requests from CS multimedia to speech..... | 38 | +| 7.19 | Attempted network initiated service change requests from speech to CS multimedia ..... | 38 | +| 7.20 | Successful network initiated service change requests from speech to CS multimedia..... | 38 | +| 7.21 | UE originating CS multimedia call fallback to speech ..... | 39 | +| 7.22 | UE terminating CS multimedia call fallback to speech ..... | 39 | +| 8 | Measurements related to the voice calls ..... | 40 | +| 8.1 | Attempted UE originating voice calls ..... | 40 | +| 8.2 | Successful UE originating voice calls..... | 40 | +| 8.3 | Answered UE originating voice calls..... | 40 | +| 8.4 | Attempted incoming voice calls..... | 41 | +| 8.5 | Successful incoming voice calls..... | 41 | +| 8.6 | Answered incoming voice calls..... | 41 | +| 9 | Measurements related to the IN service calls..... | 42 | +| 9.1 | Attempted UE terminated intelligent service calls..... | 42 | +| 9.2 | Successful UE terminated intelligent service calls ..... | 42 | + +9.3 Answered UE terminated intelligent service calls ..... 42 + +9.4 Attempted UE originated intelligent service calls..... 43 + +9.5 Successful UE originated intelligent service calls ..... 43 + +9.6 Answered UE originated intelligent service calls ..... 43 + +9.7 Attempted intelligent service calls for both the Calling Party and the Called Party are intelligent service user ..... 43 + +9.8 Successful intelligent service calls for both the Calling Party and the Called Party are intelligent service user ..... 44 + +9.9 Answered intelligent service calls for both the Calling Party and the Called Party are intelligent service user ..... 44 + +Annex A (informative): Change history..... 45 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.401 Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements +- 32.402 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements – GSM +- 32.404 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template +- 32.405 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) +- 32.406 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Packet Switched (PS) domain +- 32.407 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Circuit Switched (CS) domain +- 32.408 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Teleservice** +- 32.409 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) + +The present document is part of a set of specifications, which describe the requirements and information model necessary for the standardised Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OA&M) of a multi-vendor 3G-system. + +During the lifetime of a 3G network, its logical and physical configuration will undergo changes of varying degrees and frequencies in order to optimise the utilisation of the network resources. These changes will be executed through network configuration management activities and/or network engineering, see TS 32.600 [3]. + +Many of the activities involved in the daily operation and future network planning of a 3G network require data on which to base decisions. This data refers to the load carried by the network and the grade of service offered. In order to produce this data performance measurements are executed in the NEs, which comprise the network. The data can then be transferred to an external system, e.g. an Operations System (OS) in TMN terminology, for further evaluation. The purpose of the present document is to describe the mechanisms involved in the collection of the data and the definition of the data itself. + +Annex B of 32.404 helps in the definition of new performance measurements that can be submitted to 3GPP for potential adoption and inclusion in the present document. Annex B of 32.404 discusses a top-down performance measurement definition methodology that focuses on how the end-user of performance measurements can use the measurements. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document describes the measurements for UMTS and combined UMTS/GSM. + +TS 32.401 [1] describes Performance Management concepts and requirements. + +The present document is valid for all measurement types provided by an implementation of a UMTS network and combined UMTS/GSM network. + +Only measurement types that are specific to UMTS or combined UMTS/GSM networks are defined within the present documents. Vendor specific measurement types used in UMTS and combined UMTS/GSM networks are not covered. Instead, these could be applied according to manufacturer's documentation. + +Measurements related to "external" technologies (such as ATM or IP) as described by "external" standards bodies (e.g. ITU-T or IETF) shall only be referenced within this specification, wherever there is a need identified for the existence of such a reference. + +The definition of the standard measurements is intended to result in comparability of measurement data produced in a multi-vendor network, for those measurement types that can be standardised across all vendors' implementations. + +The structure of the present document is as follows: + +- Header 1: Network Element (e.g. RNC related measurements); +- Header 2: Measurement function (e.g. soft handover measurements); +- Header 3: Measurements. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 23.140: "Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS); Functional description; Stage 2". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 23.172: "Technical realization of Circuit Switched (CS) multimedia service UDI/RDI fallback and service modification; Stage 2". +- [5] ITU-T Q.763: "Signalling System No. 7 – ISDN user part formats and codes". +- [6] ITU-T Q.723: "Specifications of Signalling System No. 7 – Telephone user part; Formats and codes". +- [7] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile radio interface Layer 3 specification; Core network protocols; Stage 3". +- [8] 3GPP TS 22.002: "Circuit Bearer Services (BS) supported by a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)". +- [9] 3GPP TS 29.002: "Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification". + +- [10] 3GPP TS 24.011: "Point-to-Point (PP) Short Message Service (SMS) support on mobile radio interface". +- [11] ITU-T Q.1902: "Specifications of signalling related to Bearer Independent Call Control (BICC)". +- [12] 3GPP TS 23.078: "Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic (CAMEL) Phase 4; Stage 2". + +# 3 Measurement family and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Measurement family + +The measurement names defined in the present document are all beginning with a prefix containing the measurement family name (e.g. RAB.AttEstabCS.Conv, MM.AttGprsAttach). This family name identifies all measurements which relate to a given functionality and it may be used for measurement administration (see TS 32.401 [1]). + +The list of families currently used in the present document is as follows: + +- MMS (measurements related to Multimedia Messaging Services); +- SMS (measurements related to Short Message Service); +- MMC (measurements related to MultiMedia calls); +- VSC (measurements related to voice call); +- IN (measurements related to Intelligent Service). + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CAMEL | Customized Application for Mobile network Enhanced Logic | +| BICC | Bearer Independent Call Control | +| CN | Core Network | +| EM | (Network) Element Manager | +| IN | Intelligent Service | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunications Standardisation Sector | +| MM | MultiMedia | +| MSC | Mobile services Switching Centre | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| OS | Operations System (EM, NM) | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| RANAP | Radio Access Network Application Part | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | + +You can find below a list of abbreviations used within the measurement types for field E of the measurement template. + +| | | +|-------|---------------------| +| Ans | Answer(ed) | +| Att | Attempt(s,ed) | +| Conv | Conversational | +| CS | Circuit switched | +| Fail | Fail(ed, ure) | +| FB | Fallback | +| IN | Intelligent Service | +| Inc | Incoming | +| Init | Init | +| Inter | Inter | +| Max | Maximum | +| MM | Mobility Management | +| MM | MultiMedia | + +| | | +|-------|-----------------| +| MMC | Multimedia Call | +| OrigI | Originating | +| PS | Packet switched | +| Req | Request(s,ed) | +| Res | Resource | +| SC | Service Change | +| Setup | Setup | +| SGSN | SGSN | +| Sub | Subscriber | +| Succ | Success(es,ful) | +| TermI | Terminating | +| UE | User Equipment | +| User | User | +| Vce | Voice | + +# 4 Measurements related to the MMS Relay/Server + +![Diagram of MMS Relay/Server architecture showing various reference points (MM1-MM7) connecting to external systems like User Agents, HLR, and External Servers.](b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the MMS Relay/Server architecture. At the center is the 'MMS Relay/Server' block, which contains two sub-components: 'Relay' and 'Server' connected by reference point MM2. The 'Relay' component is connected to 'MMS User Agent A' via MM1. The 'Server' component is connected to 'MMS User Databases' via MM6 and to the 'HLR' via MM5. The 'Server' component is also connected to 'MMS VAS Applications' via MM7. Below the 'MMS Relay/Server' block, a dashed oval labeled MM3 encloses several 'External Server' blocks: 'External Server #1 (e.g. E-Mail)', 'External Server #2 (e.g. Fax)', 'External Server #3 (e.g. UMS)', and 'External Server #N'. The 'MMS Relay/Server' is connected to each of these external servers via MM3. To the left, a '“Foreign” MMS Relay/Server' is connected to the main 'MMS Relay/Server' via MM4. This '“Foreign” MMS Relay/Server' is then connected to 'MMS User Agent B' via MM1. + +Diagram of MMS Relay/Server architecture showing various reference points (MM1-MM7) connecting to external systems like User Agents, HLR, and External Servers. + +Figure 4.1 + +- MM1: Reference point MM1 is used to submit Multimedia Messages from MMS User Agent to MMS Relay/Server, to let the MMS User Agent pull MMs from the MMS Relay/Server, let the MMS Relay/Server push information about MMs to the MMS User Agent as part of an MM notification, and to exchange delivery reports between MMS Relay/Server and MMS User Agents. +- MM2: Not specified yet +- MM3: Reference point MM3 is used by the MMS Relay/Server to send Multimedia Messages to and retrieve MMs from servers of external (legacy) messaging systems that are connected to the service provider's MMS Relay/Server. +- MM4: Reference point MM4 between MMS Relay/Servers belonging to different MMSEs is used to transfer messages between them. +- MM5: Reference point MM5 may be used to provide information to the MMS Relay/Server about the subscriber. + +MM6: Not specified + +MM7: Reference point MM7 is used to transfer MMs from MMS Relay/Server to MMS VAS applications and to transfer MMs from MMS VAS applications to MMS Relay/Server. + +MMS uses a number of technologies to realise the requirements of the stage 1 description (TS 22.140) [2]. As far as possible existing protocols (e.g. WAP, SMTP, ESMTP as transfer protocols; lower layers to provide push, pull, notification) and existing message formats (e.g. SMIL, MIME) shall be used for the realisation of the Multimedia Messaging Service. + +In order to define generic measurements, 3GPP should specify Performance measurements based on the Reference Points (MM1 to MM7) and not specific to the protocol implemented. So whatever the implementation IP or WAP for example, the Reference Point messages are generic and so the measurements will be the same. + +The main interfaces involved in the MMS delivery are the interface MM1 and MM4, we can see in this diagram the exact messages involved in the delivery. Those messages can be used to define Performance Measurement on a MMS Relay/Server basis. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the Example Abstract Message Flow for MMS delivery between an Originator MMS UA, Originator MMS Relay/Server, Recipient MMS Relay/Server, and Recipient MMS UA.](c78c2eefd86269d1740ab85a916f24f2_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant Originator MMS UA + participant Originator MMS Relay/Server + participant Recipient MMS Relay/Server + participant Recipient MMS UA + + Note left of Originator MMS UA: MM1_submit.REQ + Originator MMS UA->>Originator MMS Relay/Server: MM1_submit.REQ + Originator MMS Relay/Server-->>Originator MMS UA: MM1_submit.RES + Originator MMS Relay/Server->>Recipient MMS Relay/Server: MM4_forward.REQ + Recipient MMS Relay/Server-->>Originator MMS Relay/Server: MM4_forward.RES + Recipient MMS Relay/Server->>Recipient MMS UA: MM1_notification.REQ + Recipient MMS UA-->>Recipient MMS Relay/Server: MM1_notification.RES + Recipient MMS Relay/Server->>Recipient MMS UA: MM1_retrieve.REQ + Recipient MMS UA-->>Recipient MMS Relay/Server: MM1_retrieve.RES + Recipient MMS Relay/Server->>Originator MMS Relay/Server: MM4_delivery_report.REQ + Originator MMS Relay/Server-->>Recipient MMS Relay/Server: MM4_delivery_report.RES + Originator MMS Relay/Server->>Originator MMS UA: MM1_delivery_report.REQ + Recipient MMS Relay/Server->>Originator MMS Relay/Server: MM4_read_reply_report.REQ + Originator MMS Relay/Server-->>Recipient MMS Relay/Server: MM4_read_reply_report.RES + Originator MMS Relay/Server->>Originator MMS UA: MM1_read_reply_originator.REQ + Recipient MMS Relay/Server->>Recipient MMS UA: MM1_read_reply_recipient.REQ + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the Example Abstract Message Flow for MMS delivery between an Originator MMS UA, Originator MMS Relay/Server, Recipient MMS Relay/Server, and Recipient MMS UA. + +**Figure 4.2: Example Abstract Message Flow** + +The most important quality metrics for MMS are availability, accuracy and speed. This contribution addresses the first two, the speed will require additional measurements based on time to deliver the multimedia messages. Availability and accuracy are a measure of the percentage of request that are successfully served and how complete the response is. The mentioned triggering points enable to define raw number of messages sent and received by the MMS Relay/Server, but is not good enough to gather service quality measurement, because those are only volume measurements. Also Response messages provide an acknowledgement mechanism for the request messages and those response messages can be positive or negative acknowledgement. This information is in the "Request Status code" which is contained by the "Request Status" field in the response messages. So in order to gather service quality measurements, a higher granularity is required for the response messages measurements: subcounters per request status code are introduced for that purpose. This is for MM1 submission and retrieval as well as every MM4 response messages measurements. + +Background Information on the Request Status from TS 23.140 [2] + +**Request Status:** The originator MMS Relay/Server shall indicate the status of the MM1\_submit.REQ in the associated MM1\_submit.RES. The reason code given in the status information element of the MM1\_submit.RES may be supported with an explanatory text further qualifying the status. If this text is available in the Request status text + +information element the MMS User Agent should bring it to the user's attention. The choice of the language used in the Request status text information element is at the discretion of the MMS service provider. + +**Table 4.1: Information elements in the MM1\_submit.RES** + +| Information element | Presence | Description | +|--------------------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Message Type | Mandatory | Identifies this message as MM1_submit.RES. | +| Transaction ID | Mandatory | The identification of the MM1_submit.REQ/MM1_submit.RES pair. | +| MMS Version | Mandatory | Identifies the version of the interface supported by the MMS Relay/Server. | +| Request Status | Mandatory | The status of the MM submit request. | +| Request Status Text | Optional | Description which qualifies the status of the MM submit request. | +| Message ID | Conditional | The identification of the MM if it is accepted by the originator MMS Relay/Server. | +| Store Status | Conditional | If the Store request was present in MM1_submit.REQ, the status of the store request. | +| Store Status Text | Optional | The explanatory text corresponding to the Store Status, if present. | +| Stored Message Reference | Conditional | If the Store request was present in MM1_submit.REQ, the message reference to the newly stored MM. | + +**Table 4.2: Example of Request Status Code from TS 23.140 [2]** + +| Request-Status-Code | Meaning | +|----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Ok | The corresponding request and some or all of its contents were accepted without errors. | +| Error-unspecified | An unspecified error occurred during the processing or reception of the corresponding request. | +| Error-service-denied | The corresponding request was rejected due to failure of authentication or authorisation of the originating MMS Relay/Server. | +| Error-message-format-corrupt | An inconsistency with the message format was detected when the corresponding request was parsed. | +| Error-sending-address-unresolved | There were no MMS address (From:, To:, Cc:, Bcc:) in its proper format or none of the addresses belong to the recipient MMS Relay/Server. | +| Error-message-not-found | This status code is obsolete | +| Error-network-problem | The recipient MMS Relay/Server was not able to accept the corresponding request due to capacity overload. | +| Error-content-not-accepted | The MM content was not accepted due to size, media type, copyrights or some other reason. | +| Error-unsupported-message | The recipient MMS Relay/Server does not support the corresponding request abstract message. | + +## 4.1 MM1 + +MM1 is the interface between the MMS Relay/Server and the MMS User Agent, following are the proposed measurements. + +### 4.1.1 Number of Multimedia Messages submit requests received by MMS Relay/Server + +- This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) submit requests received by MMS Relay/Server from MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. +- CC. +- On receipt of an "MM1\_submit.REQ" message from MMS User Agent (TS 23.140 [2]). +- A single integer value. +- The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1SubReq. +- MMS Relay/Server Function. +- Valid for packet switching. + +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.2 Number of Multimedia Messages submit responses sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) submit responses sent by MMS Relay/Server to MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. The measurement is split into subcounters per request status code. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "MM1\_submit.RES" message to MMS User Agent. Each submit responses is added to the relevant measurement according to the request status code. See TS 23.140 [2]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1SubRes.Status +- f) where Status identifies the request status code. +- g) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- h) Valid for packet switching. +- i) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.3 Number of Multimedia Messages notification requests sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) notification requests sent by MMS Relay/Server to MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "MM1\_notification.REQ" message to MMS User Agent (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1NotReq. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.4 Number of Multimedia Messages notification responses received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) notification responses received by MMS Relay/Server from MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an "MM1\_notification.RES" message from MMS User Agent (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1NotRes. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.5 Number of Multimedia Messages retrieve requests received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) retrieve requests received by MMS Relay/Server from MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an "MM1\_retrieve.REQ" message from MMS User Agent (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1RetReq. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.6 Number of Multimedia Messages retrieve responses sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) retrieve responses sent by MMS Relay/Server to MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. The measurement is split into subcounters per request status code. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "MM1\_retrieve.RES" message to MMS User Agent. Each retrieve responses is added to the relevant measurement according to the request status code. See TS 23.140 [2]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1RetRes.Status. +- f) where Status identifies the request status code. +- g) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- h) Valid for packet switching. +- i) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.7 Number of Multimedia Messages acknowledgement requests received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) acknowledgement requests received by MMS Relay/Server from MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an "MM1\_acknowledgement.REQ" message from MMS User Agent (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1AckReq. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.8 Number of Multimedia Messages forward requests received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) forward requests received by MMS Relay/Server from MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an " MM1\_forward.REQ" message from MMS User Agent (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1fwdREQ. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.9 Number of Multimedia Messages forward responses sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) forward responses sent by MMS Relay/Server to MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "MM1\_forward.RES" message to MMS User Agent (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1FwdRes. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.10 Number of Multimedia Messages delivery report requests sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) delivery report requests sent by MMS Relay/Server to MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "MM1\_delivery\_report.REQ" message to MMS User Agent (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1RepReq. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.11 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply recipient requests received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) read reply recipient requests received by MMS Relay/Server to MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. + +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an "MM1\_read\_reply\_recipient.REQ" message from MMS User Agent (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1ReadRecReq. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.1.12 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply originator requests sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) read reply originator requests sent by MMS Relay/Server to MMS User Agent on the Reference point MM1. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "MM1\_read\_reply\_originator.REQ" message to MMS User Agent (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM1ReadOrigReq. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 4.2 MM4 + +MM4 is the interface between MMS Relay/Servers, following are the proposed measurements. + +### 4.2.1 Number of Multimedia Messages forward requests received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) forward requests received by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an "MM4\_forward.REQ" message from MMS Relay/Server (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4FwdReqRec. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.2 Number of Multimedia Messages forward requests sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) forward requests sent by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. +- b) CC. + +- c) On transmission of an "MM4\_forward.REQ" message to MMS Relay/Server (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4FwdReqSnt. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.3 Number of Multimedia Messages forward responses received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) forward responses received by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. The measurement is split into subcounters per request status code. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an "MM4\_forward.RES" message from MMS Relay/Server. Each forward response is added to the relevant measurement according to the request status code. See TS 23.140 [2]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4FwdResRec Status. +- f) where Status identifies the request status code. +- g) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- h) Valid for packet switching. +- i) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.4 Number of Multimedia Messages forward responses sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) forward responses sent by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. The measurement is split into subcounters per request status code. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "MM4\_forward.RES" message to MMS Relay/Server. Each forward response is added to the relevant measurement according to the request status code. See TS 23.140 [2]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4FwdResSnt Status. +- f) where Status identifies the request status code. +- g) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- h) Valid for packet switching. +- i) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.5 Number of Multimedia Messages delivery report requests received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) delivery report requests received by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. + +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a "MM4\_delivery\_report.REQ" message from MMS Relay/Server (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4RepReqRec. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.6 Number of Multimedia Messages delivery report requests sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) delivery report requests sent by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a "MM4\_delivery\_report.REQ" message to MMS Relay/Server (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4RepReqSnt. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.7 Number of Multimedia Messages delivery report responses received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) delivery report responses received by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. The measurement is split into subcounters per request status code. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a " MM4\_delivery\_report.RES" message from MMS Relay/Server. Each delivery report responses is added to the relevant measurement according to the request status code. See TS 23.140 [2]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4RepResRec Status. +- f) where Status identifies the request status code. +- g) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- h) Valid for packet switching. +- i) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.8 Number of Multimedia Messages delivery report responses sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) delivery report responses sent by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. The measurement is split into subcounters per request status code. + +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "MM4\_delivery\_report.RES" message to MMS Relay/Server. Each delivery report response is added to the relevant measurement according to the request status code. See TS 23.140 [2]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4RepResSnt Status. +- f) where Status identifies the request status code. +- g) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- h) Valid for packet switching. +- i) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.9 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply requests received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) read reply requests received by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of an "MM4\_read\_reply.REQ" message from MMS Relay/Server (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4ReadReqRec. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.10 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply requests sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) read reply requests sent by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "MM4\_read\_reply.REQ" message to MMS Relay/Server (TS 23.140 [2]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4ReadReqSnt. +- f) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.11 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply responses received by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) read reply responses received by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. The measurement is split into subcounters per request status code. +- b) CC. + +- c) On receipt of an "MM4\_read\_reply.RES" message from MMS Relay/Server. Each read reply response is added to the relevant measurement according to the request status code. See TS 23.140 [2]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4ReadResRec Status. +- f) where Status identifies the request status code. +- g) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- h) Valid for packet switching. +- i) GSM/UMTS. + +### 4.2.12 Number of Multimedia Messages read reply responses sent by MMS Relay/Server + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Multimedia Messages (MM) read reply responses sent by MMS Relay/Server from another MMS Relay/Server on the Reference point MM4. The measurement is split into subcounters per request status code. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "MM4\_read\_reply.RES" message to MMS Relay/Server. Each read reply response is added to the relevant measurement according to the request status code. See TS 23.140 [2]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form MMS.MM4ReadResSnt Status. +- f) where Status identifies the request status code. +- g) MMS Relay/Server Function. +- h) Valid for packet switching. +- i) GSM/UMTS. + +# --- 5. SMS related measurements + +The three measurement groups defined in subclause 5.n are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +## 5.1 SMS in the CS domain (MSC) + +### 5.1.1 CS SMS mobile originating + +#### 5.1.1.1 Attempted CS SMS mobile originating + +- a) This measurement provides the number of CS SMS mobile originating attempts. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt by the MSC of "RP-DATA" Message (TS 24.011 [10]) from the MS. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMoCS: + - SMS.AttMoCS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMoCS.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMoCS.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.1.2 Successful CS SMS mobile originating + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful CS SMS mobile originating attempts. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the MSC of "RP-ACK" Message (TS 24.011 [10]) to the MS. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMoCS: + - SMS.SuccMoCS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMoCS.G GSM; + - SMS.SuccMoCS.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.1.2 CS SMS mobile terminating + +#### 5.1.2.1 Attempted CS SMS mobile terminating + +- a) This measurement provides the number of CS SMS mobile terminating attempts. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the MSC of "RP-DATA" Message (TS 24.011 [10]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMtCS: + - SMS.AttMtCS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMtCS.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMtCS.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.2.2 Successful CS SMS mobile terminating + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful CS SMS mobile terminating attempts. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt by the MSC of "RP-ACK" Message (TS 24.011 [10]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMtCS: + - SMS.SuccMtCS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMtCS.G GSM; + - SMS.SuccMtCS.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.1.3 CS ms-Present + +#### 5.1.3.1 Attempted CS ms-Present + +- a) This attribute counts the number of times that a MS (attached to a MSC) send that it is ready to receive SM. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of MAP-READY-FOR-SM with alertReason = ms-Present to the HLR from the MSC (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMsPresentCS: + - SMS.AttMsPresentCS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMsPresentCS.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMsPresentCS.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction. + +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.3.2 Successful CS ms-Present + +- a) This attribute counts the number of successful times that a MS (attached to a MSC) send that it is ready to receive SM. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) This counter will be increased when a return result is received by the MSC from the HLR in response to the MAP\_READY\_FOR\_SM with reason = "MS present" (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMsPresentCS: + - SMS.SuccMsPresentCS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMsPresentCS.G GSM; + - SMS.SuccMsPresentCS.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.1.4 CS "memory available" + +#### 5.1.4.1 Attempted CS "memory available" + +- a) This attribute counts the number of times that an MS (attached to a MSC) sent an indication of "memory available" to MSC. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of MAP-READY-FOR-SM with alertReason = memoryAvailable to the HLR from the MSC (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMemoryAvailableCS: + - SMS.AttMemoryAvailableCS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMemoryAvailableCS.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMemoryAvailableCS.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.1.4.2 Successful CS "memory available" + +- a) This attribute counts the number of successful times that an MS (attached to a MSC) sent an indication of "memory available" to MSC. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. + +- c) This counter will be increased when a return result is received by the MSC from the HLR in response to the MAP\_READY\_FOR\_SM with reason = "memory available" (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMemoryAvailableCS: + - SMS.SuccMemoryAvailableCS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMemoryAvailableCS.G GSM; + - SMS.SuccMemoryAvailableCS.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 5.2 SMS in the PS domain (SGSN) + +Up to now, no counters are defined for the failure cases FFS. + +### 5.2.1 PS SMS mobile originating + +#### 5.2.1.1 Attempted PS SMS mobile originating + +- a) This measurement provides the number of PS SMS mobile originating attempts. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt by the SGSN of "RP-DATA" Message (TS 24.011 [10]) from the MS. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMoPS: + - SMS.AttMoPS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMoPS.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMoPS.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.2.1.2 Successful PS SMS mobile originating + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful PS SMS mobile originating attempts. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the SGSN of "RP-ACK" Message (TS 24.011 [10]) to the MS. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMoPS: + - SMS.SuccMoPS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMoPS.G GSM; + +- SMS.SuccMoPS.U UMTS. +- SgsnFunction. + - Valid for packet switching. + - GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.2.2 PS SMS mobile terminating + +#### 5.2.2.1 Attempted PS SMS mobile terminating + +- This measurement provides the number of PS SMS mobile terminating attempts. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- CC. +- Transmission by the SGSN of "RP-DATA" Message (TS 24.011 [10]). +- A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- SMS.AttMtPS: + - SMS.AttMtPS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMtPS.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMtPS.U UMTS. +- SgsnFunction. +- Valid for packet switching. +- GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.2.2.2 Successful PS SMS mobile terminating + +- This measurement provides the number of successful PS SMS mobile terminating attempts. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- CC. +- Receipt by the SGSN of "RP-ACK" Message (TS 24.011 [10]). +- A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- SMS.SuccMtPS: + - SMS.SuccMtPS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMtPS.G GSM; + - SMS.SuccMtPS.U UMTS. +- SgsnFunction. +- Valid for packet switching. +- GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.2.3 PS ms-Present + +#### 5.2.3.1 Attempted PS ms-Present + +- This attribute counts the number of times that a MS (attached to a SGSN) send that it is ready to receive SM. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of MAP-READY-FOR-SM with alertReason = ms-Present to the HLR from the SGSN (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMsPresentPS: + - SMS.AttMsPresentPS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMsPresentPS.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMsPresentPS.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.2.3.2 Successful PS ms-Present + +- a) This attribute counts the number of successful times that a MS (attached to a SGSN) send that it is ready to receive SM. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) This counter will be increased when a return result is received by the SGSN from the HLR in response to the MAP\_READY\_FOR\_SM with reason = "MS present" (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMsPresentPS: + - SMS.SuccMsPresentPS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMsPresentPS.G GSM; + - SMS.SuccMsPresentPS.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.2.4 PS "memory available" + +#### 5.2.4.1 Attempted PS "memory available" + +- a) This attribute counts the number of times that an MS (attached to a SGSN) sent an indication of "memory available" to SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of MAP-READY-FOR-SM with alertReason = memoryAvailable to the HLR from the SGSN (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMemoryAvailablePS: + - SMS.AttMemoryAvailablePS Combined (don't care); + +- SMS.AttMemoryAvailablePS.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMemoryAvailablePS.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. + - g) Valid for packet switching. + - h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.2.4.2 Successful PS "memory available" + +- a) This attribute counts the number of successful times that an MS (attached to a SGSN) sent an indication of "memory available" to SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) This counter will be increased when a return result is received by the SGSN from the HLR in response to the MAP\_READY\_FOR\_SM with reason = "memory available" (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMemoryAvailablePS: + - SMS.SuccMemoryAvailablePS Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMemoryAvailablePS.G GSM; + - SMS.SuccMemoryAvailablePS.U UMTS. +- f) SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 5.3 SMS in the CS/PS domain (MSC/SGSN) + +Unlike the measurements in previous clauses, the measurements in this subclause do not differentiate between the PS and the CS domain, and deliver one total count. + +Up to now, no counters are defined for the failure cases FFS. + +### 5.3.1 SMS mobile originating + +#### 5.3.1.1 Attempted SMS mobile originating + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SMS mobile originating attempts. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt by the MSC/SGSN of "RP-DATA" Message (TS 24.011 [10]) from the MS. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMo: + - SMS.AttMo Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMo.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMo.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction or SgsnFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switching and circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.3.1.2 Successful SMS mobile originating + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful SMS mobile originating attempts. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the MSC/SGSN of "RP-ACK" Message (TS 24.011 [10]) to the MS. +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMo: + - SMS.SuccMo Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMo.G GSM; + - SMS.SuccMo.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction or SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching and circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.3.2 SMS mobile terminating + +#### 5.3.2.1 Attempted SMS mobile terminating + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SMS mobile terminating attempts. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission by the MSC/SGSN of "RP-DATA" Message (TS 24.011 [10]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMt: + - SMS.AttMt Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMt.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMt.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction or SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching and circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.3.2.2 Successful SMS mobile terminating + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful SMS mobile terminating attempts. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt by the MSC/SGSN of "RP-ACK" Message (TS 24.011 [10]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMt: + +- SMS.SuccMt.Combined (don't care); +- SMS.SuccMt.G GSM; +- SMS.SuccMt.U UMTS. + +- f) MscFunction or SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching and circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.3.3 Ms-Present + +#### 5.3.3.1 Attempted ms-Present + +- a) This attribute counts the number of times that a MS (attached to a MSC/SGSN) send that it is ready to receive SM. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of MAP-READY-FOR-SM with alertReason = ms-Present to the HLR from the MSC/SGSN (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMsPresent: + - SMS.AttMsPresent.Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMsPresent.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMsPresent.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction or SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching and circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.3.3.2 Successful ms-Present + +- a) This attribute counts the number of successful times that a MS (attached to a MSC/SGSN) send that it is ready to receive SM. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) This counter will be increased when a return result is received by the MSC/SGSN from the HLR in response to the MAP\_READY\_FOR\_SM with reason = "MS present" (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMsPresent: + - SMS.SuccMsPresent.Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMsPresent.G GSM; + - SMS.SuccMsPresent.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction or SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching and circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +### 5.3.4 "Memory available" + +#### 5.3.4.1 Attempted "memory available" + +- a) This attribute counts the number of times that an MS (attached to a MSC/SGSN) sent an indication of "memory available" to MSC/SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of MAP-READY-FOR-SM with alertReason = memoryAvailable to the HLR from the MSC/SGSN (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.AttMemoryAvailable: + - SMS.AttMemoryAvailable Combined (don't care); + - SMS.AttMemoryAvailable.G GSM; + - SMS.AttMemoryAvailable.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction or SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching and circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +#### 5.3.4.2 Successful "memory available" + +- a) This attribute counts the number of successful times that an MS (attached to a MSC/SGSN) sent an indication of "memory available" to MSC/SGSN. +The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) This counter will be increased when a return result is received by the MSC/SGSN from the HLR in response to the MAP\_READY\_FOR\_SM with reason = "memory available" (TS 29.002 [9]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) SMS.SuccMemoryAvailable: + - SMS.SuccMemoryAvailable Combined (don't care); + - SMS.SuccMemoryAvailable.G GSM; + - SMS.SuccMemoryAvailable.U UMTS. +- f) MscFunction or SgsnFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching and circuit switching. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +# 6 Measurements related to CS data calls + +## 6.1 Attempted UE originating CS data calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted UE originating CS data calls. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of a "Setup" message from the UE and the Information Transfer Capability in the Bearer Capability IE is set to either unrestricted digital information or 3.1 kHz audio, ex PLMN or facsimile group 3 or Other ITC. (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type in e) +- e) + + +| | | +|------------------|----------------------| +| CSD.attUEOrigi | Combined(don't care) | +| CSD.attUEOrigi.G | GSM | +| CSD.attUEOrigi.U | UMTS | +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 6.2 Successful UE originating CS data calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE originating CS data calls. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "Alerting" message for the CS data service from the MSC-S to the Calling Party (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|-------------------|----------------------| +| CSD.succUEOrigi | Combined(don't care) | +| CSD.succUEOrigi.G | GSM | +| CSD.succUEOrigi.U | UMTS | +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 6.3 Answered UE originating CS data calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered UE originating CS data calls. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On reception of an "ACK" message for the CS data service from the MSC-S from the Calling Party (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|----------------|----------------------| +| CSD.ansUEOrigi | Combined(don't care) | +|----------------|----------------------| + +CSD.ansUEOrigi.G GSM +CSD.ansUEOrigi.U UMTS + +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 6.4 Attempted incoming CS data calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted incoming CS data calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "IAM" message and the transmission medium requirement is set to other value than speech.(ITU-T Q.1902, ITU-T Q.764) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CSD.attIncCall +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 6.5 Successful incoming CS data calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful incoming CS data calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ACM" or "CON" message for the CS data service.(ITU-T Q.1902) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CSD.succIncCall +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 6.6 Answered incoming CS data calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered incoming CS data calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of a "CON" message for the CS data service (ITU-T Q.1902) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CSD.ansIncCall +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +# --- 7 Measurements related to CS multimedia calls + +For the traffic model and call flow diagrams see TS 32.407. + +## 7.1 Attempted UE originating CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted UE originated CS multimedia calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of a "Setup" message with the 'other rate adaptation' field of Bearer Capability IE is set to H.223 & H.245 (3GPP TS 24.008 [7], 22.002 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.attOrig +- f) MSCserverFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.2 Successful UE originating CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE originated CS multimedia calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "Alerting" message for the multimedia service from the MSC-S to the Calling Party (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.succOrigi +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.3 Answered UE originating CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered UE originated CS multimedia calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On reception of a "CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE" message for the multimedia service from the MSC-S to the Calling Party (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.ansOrigi +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.4 Attempted UE terminating CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of UE terminating CS multimedia call attempts. + +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a "SETUP" message or on the reception of "CALL CONFIRMED" message and the "other rate adaption" field of Bearer Capability IE is set to H.223 & H.245 (3GPP TS 24.008 [7], 22.002 [8]). Note the trigger is the call confirmed if the nature of the call cannot be decided in the SETUP message (i.e. Bearer capability IE is not included in the Setup message). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.attTerm +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.5 Successful UE terminating CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered UE terminating CS multimedia calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On reception of an "ALERTING" message for the multimedia service. (3GPP TS 24.008[7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.succTermi +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.6 Answered UE terminating CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered UE terminating CS multimedia calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On reception of a "CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE" message for the multimedia service (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.ansTerm +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.7 Attempted incoming CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted incoming CS multimedia calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "IAM" or "IAI" message and the ISDN BC IE indicates multimedia calls (ITU-T Rec. Q.723 [6], ITU-T Q.763 [5], 3GPP 24.008 [7], 22.002 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.attInc +- f) MSCserverFunction. + +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.8 Successful incoming CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful incoming CS multimedia calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ACM" or "CON" message for the multimedia service (ITU-T Rec. Q.723 [6], ITU-T Q.763 [5]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.succInc +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.9 Answered incoming CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered incoming CS multimedia calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ANM", "ANC", "CON" or "ANN" message for the multimedia service (ITU-T Rec. Q.723 [6], ITU-T Q.763 [5]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.AnsInc +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.10 Attempted outgoing CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of outgoing CS multimedia call attempts. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "IAM" or "IAI" message for the multimedia service and the ISDN BC IE indicates multimedia call service (ITU-T Rec. Q.723 [6], ITU-T Q.763 [5], 3GPP 24.008 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.attOut +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.11 Successful outgoing CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing CS multimedia calls. +- b) CC. + +- c) On reception of an "ACM" or "CON" message for the multimedia service (ITU-T Rec. Q.723 [6], ITU-T Q.763 [5], 3GPP 24.008 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.succOut +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.12 Answered outgoing CS multimedia calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered outgoing CS multimedia calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of a "ANM", "ANN" or "CON" message for the multimedia service (ITU-T Rec. Q.723 [6], ITU-T Q.763 [5], 3GPP 24.008 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MMC.ansOut +- f) MSCserverFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) UMTS. + +## 7.13 Attempted user initiated service change requests from CS multimedia to speech + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted user initiated service change requests for a CS multimedia call to speech. +- b) CC +- c) On reception of a "MODIFY" message from the UE and it contains a speech BCIE, which means that the 'Information transfer capability' set to speech or alternate speech/facsimile group 3 - starting with speech in the Bearer Capability IE (TS 23.172) [4]. +- d) A single integer value +- e) MMC.attUserInitSCMMtoVce +- f) MSCServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +## 7.14 Successful user initiated service change requests from CS multimedia to speech + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful user initiated service change requests for a CS multimedia call to speech. +- b) CC + +- c) On sending of a "MODIFY COMPLETE" message to the UE and it contains a speech BCIE, which means that the 'Information transfer capability' set to speech or alternate speech/facsimile group 3 - starting with speech in the Bearer Capability IE (TS 23.172) [4]. +- d) A single integer value +- e) MMC.succUserInitSCMMtoVce +- f) MSCServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +## 7.15 Attempted user initiated service change requests from speech to CS multimedia + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted user initiated service change requests for a speech call to CS multimedia +- b) CC +- c) On reception of a "MODIFY" message from the UE and it contains a MM BCIE, which means that the 'other rate adaptation" field of Bearer Capability IE is set to H.223 & H.245 (TS 23.172 [4]). +- d) A single integer value +- e) MMC.attUserInitSCVcetoMM +- f) MSCServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +## 7.16 Successful user initiated service change requests from speech to CS multimedia + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful user initiated service change requests for a speech call to CS multimedia. +- b) CC +- c) On sending of a "MODIFY COMPLETE" message to the UE and it contains a MM BCIE, which means that the 'other rate adaptation" field of Bearer Capability IE is set to H.223 & H.245. (TS 23.172 [4]) +- d) A single integer value +- e) MMC.succUserInitSCVcetoMM +- f) MSCServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +## 7.17 Attempted network initiated service change requests from CS multimedia to speech + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted network initiated service change requests for a CS multimedia call to speech. +- b) CC + +- c) On sending a "MODIFY" message to the UE and it contains a speech BCIE, which means that the 'Information transfer capability' set to speech or alternate speech/facsimile group 3 - starting with speech in the Bearer Capability IE and the Network-initiated Service Upgrade indicator IE is included in the message. (TS 23.172 [4] TS 24.008 [7]) +- d) A single integer value +- e) MMC.attNetwInitSCMMtoVce +- f) MSCServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +## 7.18 Successful network initiated service change requests from CS multimedia to speech + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful network initiated service change requests for a CS multimedia call to speech. +- b) CC +- c) On reception a "MODIFY COMPLETE" message from the UE and it contains a speech BCIE, which means that the 'Information transfer capability' set to speech or alternate speech/facsimile group 3 - starting with speech in the Bearer Capability IE (TS 23.172 [4], TS 24.008 [7]) and the MODIFY COMPLETE is an answer to the MODIFY message, which indicates network initiated service change. +- d) A single integer value +- e) MMC.SuccNetwInitSCMMtoVce +- f) MSCServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +## 7.19 Attempted network initiated service change requests from speech to CS multimedia + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted network initiated service change requests for a speech call to CS multimedia. +- b) CC +- c) On sending a "MODIFY" message to the UE and it contains a MM BCIE, which means that the 'other rate adaptation" field of Bearer Capability IE is set to H.223 & H.245 and the Network-initiated Service Upgrade indicator IE is included in the message. (TS 23.172 [4], TS 24.008 [7]) +- d) A single integer value +- e) MMC.attNetwInitSCVcetoMM +- f) MSCServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +## 7.20 Successful network initiated service change requests from speech to CS multimedia + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful network initiated service change requests for a speech call to CS multimedia. +- b) CC +- c) On reception a "MODIFY COMPLETE" message from the UE and it contains a MM BCIE, which means that the 'other rate adaptation" field of Bearer Capability IE is set to H.223 & H.245. (TS 23.172 [4], TS 24.008 [7]) and the MODIFY COMPLETE is an answer to the MODIFY message, which indicates network initiated service change. +- d) A single integer value +- e) MMC.succNetwInitSCVcetoMM +- f) MSCServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +## 7.21 UE originating CS multimedia call fallback to speech + +- a) This measurement provides the number of UE originating fallback where the preferred service is CS multimedia, but the call is established as a speech, which is the less preferred service. +- b) CC +- c) On sending the Call Proceeding message to the UE with the less preferred service's BCIE, which is speech, which means that the 'Information transfer capability' set to speech or alternate speech/facsimile group 3 - starting with speech in the Bearer Capability IE. +- d) A single integer value +- e) MMC.origiFBtoVce +- f) MSCServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +## 7.22 UE terminating CS multimedia call fallback to speech + +- a) This measurement provides the number of UE terminating fallback where the preferred service is CS multimedia, but the call is established as a speech, which is the less preferred service. +- b) CC +- c) On reception of Call Confirmed message from the UE with the less preferred service's BCIE, which is speech, which means that the 'Information transfer capability' set to speech or alternate speech/facsimile group 3 - starting with speech in the Bearer Capability IE. +- d) A single integer value +- e) MMC.termFBtoVce +- f) MSCServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +# --- 8 Measurements related to the voice calls + +## 8.1 Attempted UE originating voice calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted UE originated voice calls. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of a "Setup" message with the 'Information transfer capability' set to speech or alternate speech/facsimile group 3 - starting with speech in the Bearer Capability IE from Calling Party (see [7] 3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|----------------------|----------------------| +| VSC.attOrigCallVce | Combined(don't care) | +| VSC.attOrigCallVce.G | GSM | +| VSC.attOrigCallVce.U | UMTS | +- f) MscServerFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 8.2 Successful UE originating voice calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE originated voice calls. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of an "Alerting" message for the voice service from the MSC-S to the Calling Party (see [7] 3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|-----------------------|----------------------| +| VSC.succOrigCallVce | Combined(don't care) | +| VSC.succOrigCallVce.G | GSM | +| VSC.succOrigCallVce.U | UMTS | +- f) MscServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 8.3 Answered UE originating voice calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered UE originated voice calls. The three measurement types defined in e) are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". +- b) CC. +- c) On reception of a "Connect ACK" message for the voice service from the Calling Party to the MSC-S (see [7] 3GPP TS 24.008). +- d) A single integer value per measurement type defined in e). +- e) + + +| | | +|--------------------|----------------------| +| VSC.ansOrigCallVce | Combined(don't care) | +|--------------------|----------------------| + +VSC.ansOrigCallVce.G GSM + +VSC.ansOrigCallVce.U UMTS + +- f) MscServerFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 8.4 Attempted incoming voice calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted incoming voice calls. In case of TUP signalling this measurement is not needed. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MSC-S of an "IAM" message with 'Transmission medium requirement' parameter set to speech (see [11] ITU-T Q.1902). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) VSC.attIncCallVce +- f) MscServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 8.5 Successful incoming voice calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful incoming voice calls. In case of TUP signalling this measurement is not needed. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ACM" with "Called party's status indicator = subscriber free" or a "CPG" with "Event Information = ALERTING" (ITU-T Rec. Q.762, Q.763). For the voice service see [11] ITU-T Q.1902). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) VSC.succIncCallVce +- f) MscServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 8.6 Answered incoming voice calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered incoming voice calls. In case of TUP signalling this measurement is not needed. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MSC-S of an "ANM" or "CON" message for the voice service (see [11] ITU-T Q.1902). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) VSC.ansIncCallVce +- f) MscServerFunction + +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +# --- 9 Measurements related to the IN service calls + +## 9.1 Attempted UE terminated intelligent service calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted UE terminated intelligent service calls. +- b) CC. +- c) After sending the "SETUP" message (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]) to the terminating UE and the SSF sent the "IDP" message to the SCP from either of the following CSI: T-CSI or VT-CSI (see 3GPP TS 23.078 [12]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IN.attUETermi +- f) MscServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 9.2 Successful UE terminated intelligent service calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE terminated intelligent service calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of "ALERTING" message (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]) in the MSC Server and the CAMEL dialogue has been finished successfully for either of T-CSI or VT-CSI, which means that the call segment in the SSF has reached the IDLE state without any error (see 3GPP TS 23.078 [12]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IN.succUETermi +- f) MscServerFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 9.3 Answered UE terminated intelligent service calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered UE terminated intelligent service calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of "CONNECT ACK" message (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]) and there was a successfully finished CAMEL dialogue for either of T-CSI or VT-CSI, which means that the call segment in the SSF has reached the IDLE state without any error (see 3GPP TS 23.078 [12]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IN.ansUETermi +- f) MscServerFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 9.4 Attempted UE originated intelligent service calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted UE originated intelligent service calls. +- b) CC. +- c) After the reception of the "CM\_SERVICE\_REQUEST" message (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]) the SSF has sent the "IDP" message to the SCP for O-CSI, D-CSI or N-CSI (see 3GPP TS 23.078 [12]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IN.attUEOrig1 +- f) MscServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 9.5 Successful UE originated intelligent service calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE originated intelligent service calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending of "Alerting" message (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]) and there was a successfully finished CAMEL dialogue for O-CSI or for D-CSI or for N-CSI, which means that the call segment in the SSF has reached the IDLE state without any error (see 3GPP TS 23.078 [12]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IN.succUEOrig1 +- f) MscServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 9.6 Answered UE originated intelligent service calls + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered UE originated intelligent service calls. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of "CONNECT ACK" message (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]) and there was a successfully finished CAMEL dialogue for O-CSI or for D-CSI or for N-CSI, which means that the call segment in the SSF has reached the IDLE state without any error (see 3GPP TS 23.078 [12]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IN.ansUEOrig1 +- f) MscServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 9.7 Attempted intelligent service calls for both the Calling Party and the Called Party are intelligent service user + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted intelligent service calls for both the Calling Party and the Called Party are intelligent service user. + +- b) CC. +- c) The MSC Server has received the "CM SERVICE REQUEST" message (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]) and the SSF sends the "IDP" message to the SCP from either of O\_CSI, D-CSI or N-CSI and the SSF sends another IDP message to SCP from T-CSI or from VT-CSI (see 3GPP TS 23.078 [12]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IN.attINtoIN +- f) MscServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 9.8 Successful intelligent service calls for both the Calling Party and the Called Party are intelligent service user + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful intelligent service calls for both the Calling Party and the Called Party are intelligent service user. +- b) CC. +- c) The MSC Server sends the "ALERTING" message (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]) to the originating UE and there was a successful CAMEL dialogue from the O-CSI, D-CSI or N-CSI and there was another successful CAMEL Dialogue from the VT-CSI or T-CSI. Successful CAMEL dialogue means that the call segment in the SSF has reached the IDLE state without any error (see 3GPP TS 23.078 [12]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IN.succINtoIN +- f) MscServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +## 9.9 Answered intelligent service calls for both the Calling Party and the Called Party are intelligent service user + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered intelligent service calls. +- b) CC. +- c) The MSC Server has received the "CONNECT ACK" message (3GPP TS 24.008 [7]) from Originating UE and there was a successful CAMEL dialogue from the O-CSI, D-CSI or N-CSI and there was another successful CAMEL Dialogue from the VT-CSI or T-CSI. Successful CAMEL dialogue means that the call segment in the SSF has reached the IDLE state without any error (see 3GPP TS 23.078 [12]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IN.ansINtoIN +- f) MscServerFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) GSM/UMTS. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-----------|---------------|----------|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|------------|--------------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| 2006-03 | SA_3
1 | SP-
060110 | -- | -- | Split of 32.403-710 into four new TSs 32.404, 32.405, 32.406, 32.408.
Submitted to TSG SA #31 for Approval. | -- | 1.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| 2006-06 | SA_3
2 | SP-
060260 | 000
1 | -- | Move SMS related Measurements from 32.406 into 32.408 | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| 2006-06 | SA_3
2 | SP-
060260 | 000
2 | -- | Add CS-Multimedia call service related measurements | B | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| 2006-06 | SA_3
2 | SP-
060260 | 000
3 | -- | Add CSD service related measurements in 32.408 | B | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| 2006-09 | SA_3
3 | SP-
060551 | 000
4 | -- | Add voice service related measurements | B | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| 2006-09 | SA_3
3 | SP-
060551 | 000
5 | -- | Add IN service related measurements | B | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| 2008-12 | SA_4
2 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.2.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 2008-12 | SA_4
6 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 9 | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | | 9.0.0 | 10.0.
0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.
0 | 11.0.
0
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Measurement family..... | 14 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations..... | 14 | +| 4 Functionality related measurements..... | 17 | +| 4.1 Measurements related to CSCF..... | 17 | +| 4.1.1 Registration related measurements..... | 17 | +| 4.1.1.1 Initial registration..... | 17 | +| 4.1.1.1.1 Attempted initial registration procedures..... | 17 | +| 4.1.1.1.2 Successful initial registration procedures..... | 17 | +| 4.1.1.1.3 Failed initial registration procedures..... | 17 | +| 4.1.1.1.4 IMS initial registration set-up time (Mean)..... | 18 | +| 4.1.1.1.5 Attempted initial registration procedures per access technology..... | 19 | +| 4.1.1.1.6 Successful initial registration procedures per access technology..... | 19 | +| 4.1.1.2 Re-registration..... | 19 | +| 4.1.1.2.1 Attempted re-registration procedures..... | 19 | +| 4.1.1.2.2 Successful re-registration procedures..... | 20 | +| 4.1.1.2.3 Failed re-registration procedures..... | 20 | +| 4.1.1.2.4 Attempted re-registration procedures per access technology..... | 21 | +| 4.1.1.2.5 Successful re-registration procedures per access technology..... | 21 | +| 4.1.1.3 De-registration..... | 22 | +| 4.1.1.3.1 De-registrations initiated by UE..... | 22 | +| 4.1.1.3.1.4 Attempted de-registrations initiated by UE per access technology..... | 23 | +| 4.1.1.3.1.5 Successful de-registrations initiated by UE per access technology..... | 23 | +| 4.1.1.3.2 De-registration initiated by HSS..... | 23 | +| 4.1.1.3.3 De-registration initiated by service platform..... | 25 | +| 4.1.1.4 Third party registration..... | 26 | +| 4.1.1.4.1 Attempted third party registration procedures..... | 26 | +| 4.1.1.4.2 Successful third party registration procedures..... | 26 | +| 4.1.1.4.3 Failed third party registration procedures..... | 26 | +| 4.1.1.5 User registration status query..... | 27 | +| 4.1.1.5.1 Attempted user registration status query procedures..... | 27 | +| 4.1.1.5.2 Successful user registration status query procedures..... | 27 | +| 4.1.1.5.3 Failed user registration status query procedures..... | 27 | +| 4.1.1.6 S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification..... | 28 | +| 4.1.1.6.1 Attempted S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedures..... | 28 | +| 4.1.1.6.2 Successful S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedures..... | 28 | +| 4.1.1.6.3 Failed S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedures..... | 29 | +| 4.1.2 Session control related measurements..... | 30 | +| 4.1.2.1 Attempted session establishments..... | 30 | +| 4.1.2.2 Successful session establishments..... | 30 | +| 4.1.2.3 Answered session establishments..... | 30 | +| 4.1.2.4 Failed session establishments..... | 31 | +| 4.1.2.5 Simultaneous online and answered sessions (Maximum)..... | 31 | +| 4.1.2.6 Successful session establishment time (Mean)..... | 32 | +| 4.1.2.7 Simultaneous online and answered sessions (Mean)..... | 32 | +| 4.1.2.8 Dropped sessions..... | 32 | +| 4.1.2.9 Attempted originating session establishments..... | 33 | +| 4.1.2.10 Successful originating session establishments..... | 33 | +| 4.1.2.11 Attempted terminating session establishments..... | 33 | +| 4.1.2.12 Successful terminating session establishments..... | 34 | +| 4.1.2.13 Accumulated originating session time..... | 34 | + +| | | | +|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 4.1.2.14 | Accumulated terminating session time..... | 35 | +| 4.1.2.15 | Attempted session establishments per access technology..... | 35 | +| 4.1.2.16 | Successful session establishments per access technology..... | 36 | +| 4.1.2.17 | Answered session establishments per access technology..... | 36 | +| 4.1.2.18 | Failed session establishments per access technology..... | 36 | +| 4.1.2.19 | The number of release before ringing..... | 37 | +| 4.1.2.20 | The number of release while ringing..... | 37 | +| 4.1.3 | User location query related measurements..... | 39 | +| 4.1.3.1 | Attempted user location query procedures..... | 39 | +| 4.1.3.2 | Successful user location query procedures..... | 39 | +| 4.1.3.3 | Failed user location query procedures..... | 39 | +| 4.1.4 | Inter-network domain calling related measurements..... | 41 | +| 4.1.4.1 | Attempted session establishments from users of other network domains..... | 41 | +| 4.1.4.2 | 403 (Forbidden) generated for sessions from users of other network domains..... | 41 | +| 4.1.4.3 | Attempted session establishments to users of other network domains..... | 42 | +| 4.1.4.4 | 403 (Forbidden) received for sessions to users of other network domains..... | 42 | +| 4.1.4.5 | Successful session establishments from users of other network domains..... | 43 | +| 4.1.4.6 | Successful session establishments to users of other network domains..... | 43 | +| 4.1.5 | Roaming users related measurements..... | 44 | +| 4.1.5.1 | Initial registrations of visiting users from other IMS network domains..... | 44 | +| 4.1.5.2 | Number of SIP 403 (Forbidden) messages for the roamers..... | 44 | +| 4.1.5.3 | Roaming users to other IMS network domains..... | 44 | +| 4.1.5.4 | Number of 200 OK (Successful) messages for the roamers..... | 45 | +| 4.1.6 | Authentication related measurements..... | 46 | +| 4.1.6.1 | Attempted Authentication procedures..... | 46 | +| 4.1.6.2 | Successful Authentication procedures..... | 46 | +| 4.1.6.3 | Failed Authentication procedures..... | 46 | +| 4.1.7 | HSS initiated update of User Profile related measurements..... | 48 | +| 4.1.7.1 | Attempted HSS initiated User Profile Update procedures..... | 48 | +| 4.1.7.2 | Successful HSS initiated User Profile Update procedures..... | 48 | +| 4.1.7.3 | Failed HSS initiated user profile update procedures..... | 48 | +| 4.1.8 | Subscription procedure related measurements..... | 50 | +| 4.1.8.1 | Number of attempted Subscription procedures..... | 50 | +| 4.1.8.2 | Number of successful Subscription procedures..... | 50 | +| 4.1.8.3 | Number of failed Subscription procedures..... | 50 | +| 4.1.9 | Notify procedure related measurements..... | 51 | +| 4.1.9.1 | Number of emitted Notify procedures..... | 51 | +| 4.1.9.2 | Number of successful Notify procedures..... | 51 | +| 4.1.9.3 | Number of failed Notify procedures..... | 51 | +| 4.1.10 | Immediate Messaging related measurements..... | 52 | +| 4.1.10.1 | Attempted Immediate Messaging procedures..... | 52 | +| 4.1.10.2 | Successful Immediate Messaging procedures..... | 52 | +| 4.1.10.3 | Failed Immediate Messaging procedures..... | 52 | +| 4.1.11 | Emergency session procedure related measurements..... | 53 | +| 4.1.11.1 | Attempted emergency session procedures..... | 53 | +| 4.1.11.2 | Successful emergency session procedures..... | 53 | +| 4.1.11.3 | Failed emergency session procedures..... | 53 | +| 4.1.11.4 | Successful emergency session establishment time (Mean)..... | 54 | +| 4.2 | Measurements related to HSS..... | 54 | +| 4.2.1 | HSS database usage related measurements..... | 54 | +| 4.2.1.1 | Provisioning related measurements..... | 54 | +| 4.2.1.1.1 | Number of provisioned IMS subscriptions currently stored in a HSS..... | 54 | +| 4.2.1.1.2 | Number of provisioned Private User Identity stored in a HSS..... | 54 | +| 4.2.1.1.3 | Number of provisioned Public User Identities with SIP URI format stored in a HSS..... | 55 | +| 4.2.1.1.4 | Number of provisioned Public User Identities with TEL URI format stored in a HSS..... | 55 | +| 4.2.1.1.5 | Number of Private Service Identities stored in a HSS..... | 55 | +| 4.2.1.1.6 | Number of Public Service Identities with SIP URI format stored in a HSS..... | 56 | +| 4.2.1.1.7 | Number of Public Service Identities with TEL URI format stored in a HSS..... | 56 | +| 4.2.1.2 | Registration Status related measurements..... | 56 | +| 4.2.1.2.1 | Number of Public User Identities in registered state..... | 56 | +| 4.2.1.2.2 | Number of Public User Identities in unregistered state..... | 56 | + +| | | | +|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 4.2.1.2.3 | Number of Private User Identities in registered state..... | 57 | +| 4.2.2 | Void..... | 58 | +| 4.2.3 | Void..... | 58 | +| 4.2.4 | Void..... | 58 | +| 4.2.5 | Void..... | 58 | +| 4.2.6 | Void..... | 58 | +| 4.2.7 | Void..... | 58 | +| 4.2.8 | Void..... | 58 | +| 4.2.9 | Void..... | 58 | +| 4.2.10 | Void..... | 58 | +| 4.2.11 | Void..... | 58 | +| 4.2.12 | Interaction related measurements between HSS and other NEs..... | 58 | +| 4.2.12.1 | Total number of request messages..... | 58 | +| 4.2.12.2 | Total number of answered messages..... | 58 | +| 4.3 | Measurements related to BGCF..... | 60 | +| 4.3.1 | Session Control related measurements..... | 60 | +| 4.3.1.1 | Overview..... | 60 | +| 4.3.1.2 | Attempted sessions at BGCF..... | 60 | +| 4.3.1.3 | Attempted sessions forwarded to MGCF..... | 60 | +| 4.3.1.4 | Attempted sessions forwarded to BGCF..... | 61 | +| 4.3.1.6 | Successful sessions forwarded to BGCF..... | 62 | +| 4.4 | Measurements related to MGCF..... | 64 | +| 4.4.1 | Call control related measurements..... | 64 | +| 4.4.1.1 | Call control related measurements, CS network originated..... | 64 | +| 4.4.1.1.1 | Overview..... | 64 | +| 4.4.1.1.2 | Attempted calls, CS network originated..... | 65 | +| 4.4.1.1.3 | Successful calls, CS network originated..... | 65 | +| 4.4.1.1.4 | Answered calls, CS network originated..... | 65 | +| 4.4.1.1.5 | Failed calls, CS network originated..... | 65 | +| 4.4.1.1.6 | Call set-up time (Mean), CS network originated..... | 66 | +| 4.4.1.2 | Call control related measurements, IM CN originated..... | 66 | +| 4.4.1.2.1 | Overview..... | 66 | +| 4.4.1.2.2 | Attempted calls, IM CN originated..... | 67 | +| 4.4.1.2.3 | Successful calls, IM CN originated..... | 67 | +| 4.4.1.2.4 | Answered calls, IM CN originated..... | 68 | +| 4.4.1.2.5 | Failed calls, IM CN originated..... | 68 | +| 4.4.1.2.6 | Call set-up time (Mean), IM CN originated..... | 68 | +| 4.4.1.3 | Call control related measurements, call release..... | 69 | +| 4.4.1.3.1 | Overview..... | 69 | +| 4.4.1.3.2 | Call release initiated by CS network..... | 69 | +| 4.4.1.3.3 | Call release initiated by IM CN subsystem..... | 69 | +| 4.4.1.3.4 | Call release initiated by MGCF..... | 70 | +| 4.4.1.3.5 | Call release initiated by MGW..... | 71 | +| 4.4.1.4 | Number of simultaneous online and answered calls (Maximum)..... | 71 | +| 4.4.1.5 | Number of simultaneous online and answered calls (mean)..... | 71 | +| 4.5 | Measurements related to IM-MGW..... | 72 | +| 4.6 | Measurements related to MRFC..... | 72 | +| 4.6.1 | Session control related measurements..... | 72 | +| 4.6.1.1 | Attempted session establishments..... | 72 | +| 4.6.1.2 | Successful session establishments..... | 72 | +| 4.6.1.3 | Answered session establishments..... | 73 | +| 4.6.1.4 | Failed session establishments..... | 73 | +| 4.6.2 | Multi-party sessions related measurements..... | 73 | +| 4.6.2.1 | Attempted session establishments for multi-party sessions..... | 73 | +| 4.6.2.2 | Successful session establishments for multi-party sessions..... | 74 | +| 4.6.2.3 | Answered session establishments for multi-party sessions..... | 74 | +| 4.6.2.4 | Failed session establishments for multi-party sessions..... | 74 | +| 4.6.2.5 | Attempted event subscription procedures for multi-party sessions..... | 75 | +| 4.6.2.6 | Successful event subscription procedures for multi-party sessions..... | 75 | +| 4.6.2.7 | Failed event subscription procedures for multi-party sessions..... | 76 | +| 4.6.3 | Announcement service related measurements..... | 76 | + +| | | | +|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----| +| 4.6.3.1 | Attempted session establishments for announcements..... | 76 | +| 4.6.3.2 | Successful session establishments for announcements..... | 76 | +| 4.6.3.3 | Answered session establishments for announcements..... | 77 | +| 4.6.3.4 | Failed session establishments for announcements..... | 77 | +| 4.6.4 | Transcoding service related measurements..... | 78 | +| 4.6.4.1 | Attempted session establishments for transcoding service..... | 78 | +| 4.6.4.2 | Successful session establishments for transcoding service..... | 78 | +| 4.6.4.3 | Answered session establishments for transcoding service..... | 79 | +| 4.6.4.4 | Failed session establishments for transcoding service..... | 79 | +| 4.7 | Measurements related to MRFP..... | 80 | +| 4.7.1 | RTP related measurements..... | 80 | +| 4.7.1.1 | Number of incoming RTP packets..... | 80 | +| 4.7.1.2 | Number of outgoing RTP packets..... | 80 | +| 4.7.1.3 | Number of octets of incoming RTP packets..... | 80 | +| 4.7.1.4 | Number of octets of outgoing RTP packets..... | 81 | +| 4.7.1.5 | Number of lost incoming RTP packets..... | 81 | +| 4.8 | Void..... | 82 | +| 4.9 | Measurements related to SLF..... | 83 | +| 4.9.1 | All routing information interrogations related measurements..... | 83 | +| 4.9.1.1 | Attempted routing information interrogation procedures..... | 83 | +| 4.9.1.2 | Successful routing information interrogation procedures..... | 83 | +| 4.9.2 | Routing information interrogation from CSCF related measurements..... | 84 | +| 4.9.2.1 | Overview..... | 84 | +| 4.9.2.2 | Attempted routing information interrogation procedures from CSCF..... | 84 | +| 4.9.2.3 | Successful routing information interrogation procedures from CSCF..... | 85 | +| 4.9.3 | Routing information interrogation from AS related measurements..... | 86 | +| 4.9.3.1 | Overview..... | 86 | +| 4.9.3.2 | Attempted routing information interrogation procedures from AS..... | 86 | +| 4.9.3.3 | Successful routing information interrogation procedures from AS..... | 86 | +| 4.10 | Measurements related to AS..... | 88 | +| 4.10.1 | Session control related measurements..... | 88 | +| 4.10.1.1 | IM CN originated session establishments..... | 88 | +| 4.10.1.1.1 | Attempted IM CN originated session establishments..... | 88 | +| 4.10.1.1.2 | Successful IM CN originated session establishments..... | 88 | +| 4.10.1.1.3 | Answered IM CN originated session establishments..... | 88 | +| 4.10.1.1.4 | Failed IM CN originated session establishments..... | 89 | +| 4.10.1.2 | AS originated session establishments..... | 89 | +| 4.10.1.2.1 | Attempted AS originated session establishments..... | 89 | +| 4.10.1.2.2 | Successful AS originated session establishments..... | 90 | +| 4.10.2 | Messaging service related measurements..... | 90 | +| 4.10.2.1 | Message related measurements, Page-Mode..... | 90 | +| 4.10.2.1.1 | Attempted incoming messages, Page-Mode..... | 90 | +| 4.10.2.1.2 | Successful incoming messages, Page-Mode..... | 90 | +| 4.10.2.1.3 | Attempted outgoing messages, Page-Mode..... | 91 | +| 4.10.2.1.4 | Successful outgoing messages, Page-Mode..... | 91 | +| 4.10.2.2 | Message related measurements, Session-Mode..... | 91 | +| 4.10.2.2.1 | Overview..... | 91 | +| 4.10.2.2.2 | Attempted messaging session establishments, Session Mode..... | 92 | +| 4.10.2.2.3 | Successful messaging session establishments, Session-Mode..... | 93 | +| 4.10.3 | Conference service related measurements..... | 93 | +| 4.10.3.1 | Overview..... | 93 | +| 4.10.3.2 | Attempted creations of conference..... | 101 | +| 4.10.3.3 | Successful creations of conference..... | 101 | +| 4.10.3.4 | Attempted joining of conference..... | 102 | +| 4.10.3.5 | Successful joining of conference..... | 102 | +| 4.10.3.6 | Attempted invitations for another user to join conference..... | 102 | +| 4.10.3.7 | Successful invitations for another user to join conference..... | 103 | +| 4.10.3.8 | Attempted subscriptions for the conference event..... | 103 | +| 4.10.3.9 | Successful subscriptions for the conference event..... | 103 | +| 4.10.3.10 | Number of simultaneous online users (Maximum)..... | 104 | +| 4.10.3.11 | Number of simultaneous online conferences (Maximum)..... | 104 | + +| | | | +|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----| +| 4.10.3.12 | Number of simultaneous online users (Mean)..... | 104 | +| 4.10.3.13 | Number of simultaneous online conferences (Mean)..... | 104 | +| 4.10.4 | Presence service related measurements..... | 106 | +| 4.10.4.1 | Number of simultaneous online watchers (Maximum)..... | 106 | +| 4.10.4.2 | Number of simultaneous online presentities (Maximum)..... | 106 | +| 4.10.4.3 | Number of simultaneous online watchers (Mean)..... | 106 | +| 4.10.4.4 | Number of simultaneous online presentities (Mean)..... | 107 | +| 4.10.4.5 | Attempted subscriptions for presence..... | 107 | +| 4.10.4.6 | Successful subscriptions for presence..... | 107 | +| 4.10.4.7 | Attempted notifications for presence..... | 108 | +| 4.10.4.8 | Successful notifications for presence..... | 108 | +| 4.10.4.9 | Attempted publications for presence..... | 108 | +| 4.10.4.10 | Successful publications for presence..... | 108 | +| 4.10.5 | PoC service related measurements..... | 110 | +| 4.10.5.1 | Attempted creations of PoC session..... | 110 | +| 4.10.5.2 | Successful creations of PoC session..... | 110 | +| 4.10.5.3 | Attempted joining of PoC session..... | 110 | +| 4.10.5.4 | Successful joining of PoC session..... | 110 | +| 4.10.5.5 | Attempted invitations for another user to join PoC session..... | 111 | +| 4.10.5.6 | Successful invitations for another user to join PoC session..... | 111 | +| 4.10.5.7 | Number of simultaneous online users (Maximum)..... | 111 | +| 4.10.5.8 | Number of simultaneous online PoC session (Maximum)..... | 112 | +| 4.10.6 | Measurements related to XDM Enabler..... | 113 | +| 4.10.6.1 | XCAP operation related measurements..... | 113 | +| 4.10.6.1.1 | Overview..... | 113 | +| 4.10.6.1.2 | Attempted HTTP PUT procedures..... | 113 | +| 4.10.6.1.3 | Successful HTTP PUT procedures..... | 114 | +| 4.10.6.1.4 | Attempted HTTP GET procedures..... | 114 | +| 4.10.6.1.5 | Successful HTTP GET procedures..... | 114 | +| 4.10.6.1.6 | Attempted HTTP DELETE procedures..... | 115 | +| 4.10.6.1.7 | Successful HTTP DELETE procedures..... | 115 | +| 4.10.6.2 | SIP related measurements..... | 115 | +| 4.10.6.2.1 | Overview..... | 115 | +| 4.10.6.2.2 | Attempted Subscription procedures..... | 116 | +| 4.10.6.2.3 | Successful Subscription procedures..... | 116 | +| 4.10.6.2.4 | Attempted Notification procedures..... | 117 | +| 4.10.6.2.5 | Successful Notification procedures..... | 117 | +| 4.10.7 | IMS supplementary services related measurements..... | 117 | +| 4.10.7.1 | Communication Diversion (CDIV) service establishments..... | 117 | +| 4.10.7.1.1 | Number of Communication Forwarding Unconditional (CFU) service procedure..... | 117 | +| 4.10.7.1.2 | Number of Communication Forwarding on Busy user(CFB) service procedure..... | 117 | +| 4.10.7.1.3 | Number of Communication Forwarding on no Reply (CFNR) service procedure..... | 118 | +| 4.10.7.1.4 | Number of Communication Forwarding on Subscriber Not Reachable (CFNRc) service procedure..... | 118 | +| 4.10.7.1.5 | Number of Communication Forwarding on Not Logged-in (CFNL) service procedure..... | 118 | +| 4.10.7.1.6 | Number of Communication Deflection (CD) service procedure..... | 119 | +| 4.10.7.2 | Void..... | 119 | +| 4.10.7.3 | Number of Call Waiting (CW) procedure..... | 119 | +| 4.10.7.4 | Number of Communication Hold (HOLD) procedure..... | 119 | +| 4.10.7.8 | Call Barring service establishments..... | 120 | +| 4.10.7.8.1 | Number of Outgoing Communication Barring (OCB) procedure..... | 120 | +| 4.10.7.8.2 | Number of Incoming Communication Barring (ICB) procedure..... | 120 | +| 4.10.7.8.3 | Number of Anonymous Communication Rejection (ACR) procedure..... | 120 | +| 4.10.7.9 | Originating Identification Presentation (OIP) and Originating Identification Restriction (OIR) service establishments..... | 121 | +| 4.10.7.9.1 | Number of Originating Identification Presentation (OIP) procedure..... | 121 | +| 4.10.7.9.2 | Number of Originating Identification Restriction (OIR) procedure..... | 121 | +| 4.10.7.10 | Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) and Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR) service establishments..... | 121 | +| 4.10.7.10.1 | Number of Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) procedure..... | 121 | +| 4.10.7.10.2 | Number of Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR) procedure..... | 122 | + +| | | | +|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------| +| 4.10.7.11 | Number of Message Waiting Indication(MWI) event notification procedure..... | 122 | +| 4.10.7.12 | Number of Flexible Alerting (FA) procedure..... | 122 | +| 4.10.7.13 | Number of Customized Ringing Signal (CRS) procedure..... | 122 | +| 4.10.7.14 | Number of Customized Alerting Tones (CAT) procedure..... | 123 | +| 4.10.7.15 | Advice Of Charge (AOC) service establishments..... | 123 | +| 4.10.7.15.1 | Number of Charging information at communication set-up time (AOC-S)..... | 123 | +| 4.10.7.15.1.1 | Number of AOC-S when the served user is the originating user..... | 123 | +| 4.10.7.15.1.2 | Number of AOC-S when the served user is the terminating user..... | 124 | +| 4.10.7.15.2 | Number of Charging information during the communication (AOC-D)..... | 124 | +| 4.10.7.15.3 | Number of Charging information at the end of the communication (AOC-E)..... | 124 | +| 4.10.7.16 | Completion of Communications to Busy Subscriber (CCBS) and Completion of
Communications by No Reply (CCNR)..... | 125 | +| 4.10.7.16.1 | Number of Completion of Communications to Busy Subscriber (CCBS) procedure..... | 125 | +| 4.10.7.16.2 | Number of Completion of Communications by No Reply (CCNR) procedure..... | 125 | +| 4.10.7.17 | Number of Closed User Group (CUG) procedure..... | 125 | +| 4.10.7.18 | Number of Malicious Communication Identification (MCID) procedure..... | 125 | +| 4.10.7.19 | Personal Network Management (PNM) service establishments..... | 126 | +| 4.10.7.19.1 | Number of PN-registration procedure..... | 126 | +| 4.10.7.19.2 | Number of PN-configuration procedure..... | 126 | +| 4.10.7.19.3 | Number of PN-query procedure..... | 126 | +| 4.10.7.19.4 | Number of PN UE redirection procedure..... | 127 | +| 4.10.7.19.5 | Number of PN access control procedure..... | 127 | +| 4.10.7.20 | Explicit Communication Transfer service establishments..... | 127 | +| 4.10.7.20.1 | Number of blind transfer procedure..... | 127 | +| 4.10.7.20.2 | Number of consultative transfer procedure..... | 128 | +| 4.11 | Measurements related to IBCF..... | 129 | +| 4.11.1 | Attempted session establishments from users of other network domains..... | 129 | +| 4.11.2 | 403 (Forbidden) generated for sessions from users of other network domains..... | 129 | +| 4.11.3 | Attempted session establishments to users of other network domains..... | 130 | +| 4.11.4 | 403 (Forbidden) received for sessions to users of other network domains..... | 130 | +| 5 | Equipment related measurements..... | 131 | +| 5.1 | Processor usage..... | 131 | +| 5.1.1 | Mean processor usage..... | 131 | +| 5.1.2 | Peak processor usage..... | 131 | +| 5.2 | Memory usage..... | 131 | +| 5.2.1 | Mean memory usage..... | 131 | +| Annex A (normative): | Use cases for performance measurements definition..... | 133 | +| A.1 | Use case of Immediate Messaging procedure related measurements at CSCF..... | 133 | +| A.2 | Use case of IP-CAN Session Establishment related measurements..... | 133 | +| A.3 | Use case of emergency session related measurements..... | 133 | +| A.4 | Use case of CDIV service related measurements..... | 133 | +| A.5 | Use case of OIP and OIR service related measurements..... | 134 | +| A.6 | Use case of successful session establishments of inter-network domains..... | 134 | +| A.7 | Use case of Gateway Control Session Establishment related measurements..... | 134 | +| A.8 | Use case of Accumulated session time related measurements at CSCF..... | 134 | +| A.9 | Use case of Equipment related measurements..... | 134 | +| A.10 | Use case of session control related measurement per access technology..... | 135 | +| A.11 | Use case of CW related measurements..... | 135 | +| A.12 | Use case of Hold service related measurements..... | 135 | +| A.13 | Use case of Call Barring related measurements..... | 135 | +| A.14 | Use case of HSS related measurements..... | 135 | + +A.15 Use case of the number of release before ringing and the number of release while ringing at CSCF in session control related measurements..... 136 + +A.16 Use case of TIP and TIR service related measurements..... 136 + +A.17 Use case of MWI service related measurements..... 136 + +A.18 Use case of FA service related measurements..... 136 + +A.19 Use case of CRS service related measurements..... 136 + +A.20 Use case of CAT service related measurements..... 137 + +A.21 Use case of AOC service related measurements..... 137 + +A.22 Use case of CCBS and CCNR service related measurements..... 137 + +A.23 Use case of CUG service related measurements..... 137 + +A.24 Use case of MCID service related measurements..... 137 + +A.25 Use case of PNM service related measurements..... 137 + +A.26 Use case of ECT service related measurements..... 138 + +**Annex B (informative): Void..... 139** + +**Annex C (informative): Use case of successful session establishment mean time..... 140** + +**Annex D (informative): Use case of Number of 200 OK (Successful) messages for the roamers..... 141** + +Annex E (informative): Change history..... 142 + +--- + +## Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +--- + +## Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication Management; as identified below: + +- TS 32.401: Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements +- TS 52.402: Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - GSM +- TS 32.404: Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template +- TS 32.405: Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements UTRAN +- TS 32.406: Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) PS domain +- TS 32.407: Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) CS domain +- TS 32.408: Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Teleservice +- TS 32.409: Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements IMS** + +The present document is part of a set of specifications, which describe the requirements and information model necessary for the standardised Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OA&M) of a multi-vendor 3G-system. + +During the lifetime of a 3G network, its logical and physical configuration will undergo changes of varying degrees and frequencies in order to optimise the utilisation of the network resources. These changes will be executed through network configuration management activities and/or network engineering, see 3GPP TS 32.600 [3]. + +Many of the activities involved in the daily operation and future network planning of a 3G network require data on which to base decisions. This data refers to the load carried by the network and the grade of service offered. In order to produce this data performance measurements are executed in the NEs, which comprise the network. The data can then be transferred to an external system, e.g. an Operations System (OS) in TMN terminology, for further evaluation. The purpose of the present document is to describe the mechanisms involved in the collection of the data and the definition of the data itself. + +# 1 Scope + +The present document describes the measurements of IMS. + +3GPP TS 32.401 [5] describes Performance Management concepts and requirements. + +The present document is valid for all measurement types provided by an implementation of an IMS network. These may be measurement types defined within the present document, measurements defined within other standards bodies, or vendor specific measurement types. + +Only measurement types that are specific to IMS network are defined within the present documents. I.e. vendor specific measurement types and measurements related to "external" technologies used in IMS network, such as ATM or IP, are not covered. Instead, these could be applied as described by the other, "external" standards bodies (e.g. ITU-T or IETF) or according to manufacturer's documentation. + +The definition of the standard measurements is intended to result in comparability of measurement data produced in a multi-vendor network, for those measurement types that can be standardised across all vendors' implementations. + +The structure of the present document is as follows: + +- Header 1: Network Element (e.g. measurements related to CSCF); +- Header 2: Measurement function (e.g. Registration related measurements); +- Header 3: Measurements. + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.632: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Core Network Resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [6] 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". +- [7] 3GPP TS 23.228: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Stage 2". +- [8] 3GPP TS 24.229: "Internet Protocol (IP) multimedia call control protocol based on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP); Stage 3". +- [9] 3GPP TS 29.228: "IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystem Cx and Dx Interfaces; Signalling flows and message". +- [10] 3GPP TS 29.229: "Cx and Dx interfaces based on the Diameter protocol; Protocol details". + +- [11] 3GPP TS 29.163: "Interworking between the IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem and Circuit Switched (CS) networks". +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.404: "Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template". +- [13] 3GPP TS 29.207: "Policy control over Go interface". +- [14] 3GPP TS 29.208: "End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) signalling flows". +- [15] IETF RFC 3588: "Diameter Base Protocol". +- [16] 3GPP TS 23.008: "Organization of subscriber data". +- [17] 3GPP TS 29.328: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Sh interface; Signalling flows and message contents". +- [18] 3GPP TS 29.329: "Sh interface based on the Diameter protocol; Protocol details". +- [19] ITU-T Recommendation Q.850: "Usage of cause and location in the Digital Subscriber Signalling System No. 1 and the Signalling System No. 7 ISDN User Part". +- [20] ITU-T Recommendation H.248.1: "Gateway control protocol: Version 3". +- [21] ITU-T Recommendation H.248.8: "Gateway control protocol: Error code and service change reason description". +- [22] IETF RFC 3265: "Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)-Specific Event Notification". +- [23] IETF RFC 3550: "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications". +- [24] 3GPP TS 24.147: "Conferencing using the IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Stage 3". +- [25] 3GPP TS 23.141: "Presence service; Architecture and functional description; Stage 2". +- [26] 3GPP TR 23.979: "3GPP enablers for Open Mobile Alliance (OMA); Push-to-talk over Cellular (PoC) services; Stage 2". +- [27] OMA-TS-XDM\_Core: "XML Document Management Specification". +- [28] 3GPP TS 33.203: "3G security; Access security for IP-based services". +- [29] 3GPP TS 32.407: "Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Circuit Switched (CS) domain". +- [30] 3GPP TS 32.732: "Telecommunication management; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [31] 3GPP TS 23.203: "Policy and charging control architecture". +- [32] 3GPP TS 29.212: "Policy Charging Control;Reference points". +- [33] 3GPP TS 29.213: "Policy and charging control signalling flows and Quality of Service (QoS) parameter mapping". +- [34] IETF RFC 3261: "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol". +- [35] 3GPP TS 23.167: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) emergency sessions". +- [36] 3GPP TS 24.604: "Communication Diversion (CDIV) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [37] 3GPP TS 24.607: "Originating Identification Presentation (OIP) and Originating Identification Restriction (OIR) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". + +- [38] 3GPP TS 24.615: "Communication Waiting (CW) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification ". +- [39] 3GPP TS 24.611: "Anonymous Communication Rejection (ACR) and Communication Barring (CB) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [40] 3GPP TS TS29.272: " Evolved Packet System (EPS); Mobility Management Entity (MME) and Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) related interfaces based on Diameter protocol". +- [41] 3GPP TS 24.610: "Communication HOLD (HOLD) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [42] 3GPP TS 24.608: "Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) and Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [43] 3GPP TS 24.606: "Message Waiting Indication (MWI) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem;Protocol specification". +- [44] 3GPP TS 24.239: "Flexible Alerting (FA) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem;Protocol specification". +- [45] 3GPP TS 24.183: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Customized Ringing Signal(CRS);Protocol specification". +- [46] 3GPP TS 24.182: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Customized Alerting Tones (CAT);Protocol specification". +- [47] 3GPP TS 24.647: "Advice Of Charge (AOC) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem". +- [48] 3GPP TS 24.642: " Completion of Communications to Busy Subscriber (CCBS) and Completion of Communications by No Reply (CCNR) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem;Protocol specification ". +- [49] 3GPP TS 24.654: "Closed User Group (CUG) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol Specification ". +- [50] 3GPP TS 24.616: "Malicious Communication Identification (MCID) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification". +- [51] 3GPP TS 24.259: "Personal Network Management (PNM); Stage 3". +- [52] 3GPP TS 24.629: "Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) using IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) subsystem; Protocol specification "., + +## 3 Measurement family and abbreviations + +### 3.1 Measurement family + +The measurement names defined in the present document are all beginning with a prefix containing the measurement family name (e.g. UR.AttInitReg, SC.AttOrigSession). This family name identifies all measurements which relate to a given functionality and it may be used for measurement administration (see 3GPP TS 32.401 [5]). + +The list of families currently used in the present document is as follows: + +- CC (measurements related to Call Control). +- CONF (measurements related to conference service). +- DBU (measurements related to Database Usage). +- DTR (measurements related to Data Read). +- DTU (measurements related to Data Update). +- EQPT (measurements related to Equipment). +- IDS (measurements related to Inter-network Domain Session). +- LIQ (measurements related to Location Information Query). +- MA (measurements related Multimedia Authentication). +- NOTIF (measurements related to Notification). +- PoC (measurements related to PoC service). +- PRES (measurements related to Present service). +- QoS (measurements related to Quality of Service). +- RII (measurements related to Routing Information Interrogation). +- RU (measurements related to Roaming Users). +- SC (measurements related to Session Control). +- SUB (Measurements related to Subscription to notifications). +- UP (measurements related to User Profile). +- UR (measurements related to UE registration). +- XDM (measurements related to XDM enabler). + +### 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|--------|--------------------------------------------| +| 3G | 3 rd Generation | +| 3GPP | 3G Partnership Project | +| BGCF | Breakout Gateway Control Function | +| CS | Circuit switched | +| CN | Core Network | +| CSCF | Call Session Control Function | +| E-CSCF | Emergency CSCF | +| HSS | Home Subscriber Server | +| IM | IP Multimedia | +| IMS | IP Multimedia Subsystem | +| IBCF | Interconnection Border Control Function | +| I-CSCF | Interrogating CSCF | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| OA&M | Operation, Administration and Maintenance | +| OS | Operations System (EM, NM) | +| PCC | Policy and Charging Control | +| PCEF | Policy and Charging Enforcement Function | +| PCRF | Policy and Charging Rule Function | +| PM | Performance Management | +| P-CSCF | Proxy CSCF | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| S-CSCF | Serving CSCF | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +You can find below a list of abbreviations used within the measurement types for field E of the measurement template (see 3GPP TS 32.404 [12]). + +| | | +|---------|-----------------------------------| +| Ans | Answer(ed) | +| Att | Attempted | +| Auth | Authorization | +| CCR | Credit-Control-Request | +| CCA | Credit-Control-Answer | +| Cs | Circuit switched | +| DER | Discrete Event Registration | +| DeReg | De-Registration | +| Dmn | Domain | +| Estab | Establish(ment) | +| Fail | Failed(/Failure) | +| Fwd | Forwarded(ed) | +| Glb | Global | +| Info | Information | +| Im | IP Multimedia | +| Inc | Incoming | +| Ind | Indication | +| Init | Initial | +| Interop | Interoperator | +| LIA | Location-Info-Answer | +| LIR | Location-Info-Request | +| MAA | Multimedia-Authentication-Answer | +| MAR | Multimedia-Authentication-Request | +| Max | Maximum | +| Modf | Modify/Modification | +| Nbr | Number | +| Ntwk | Network | +| Orig | Originated | +| Outg | Outgoing | +| PM | Page-Mode | +| PNA | Push-Notification -Answer | +| PNR | Push-Notification-Request | +| PPA | Push-Profile-Answer | +| PPR | Push-Profile-Request | +| Pri | Private | +| PUA | Profile-Update-Answer | +| Pub | Public | +| PUR | Profile-Update-Request | +| Reg | Registration | +| Rej | Rejected | +| Req | Request | +| Rel | Release | +| ReReg | Re-Registration | +| Res | Resource | +| Rsv | Reserve/Reservation | +| Rmg | Roaming | +| RTA | Registration-Termination-Answer | +| RTR | Registration-Termination-Request | +| SAA | Server-Assignment-Answer | +| SAR | Server-Assignment-Request | +| SNA | Subscribe-Notifications-Answer | +| SNR | Subscribe-Notifications-Request | +| Simul | Simultaneous | +| SM | Session-Mode | +| Srv | Service | +| Succ | Successful | +| Term | Terminated | +| UAA | User-Authorization-Answer | +| UAR | User-Authorization-Request | + +| | | +|-----|-------------------| +| UDA | User-Data-Answer | +| UDR | User-Data-Request | + +## 4 Functionality related measurements + +The measurements defined in this clause are related to the functionality aspect performance. The detailed measurements for each function are defined in the following subclauses. + +### 4.1 Measurements related to CSCF + +#### 4.1.1 Registration related measurements + +##### 4.1.1.1 Initial registration + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.1.1.1.1, 4.1.1.1.2 and 4.1.1.1.3 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +###### 4.1.1.1.1 Attempted initial registration procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted initial registrations at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_REGISTER message for the initial registration (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.AtInitReg. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +###### 4.1.1.1.2 Successful initial registration procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful initial registrations at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK message for the initial registration (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.SuccInitReg. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +###### 4.1.1.1.3 Failed initial registration procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed initial registration procedures at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a response message (e.g. SIP\_4xx) indicating a failed initial registration, each failed initial registration procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. Possible status codes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per status + +code measurements shall equal the total number of failed initial registration procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of measured status codes plus a possible sum measurement identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.FailInitReg.Cause where Cause identifies the status code. +- f) PCSCFFunction +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS + +#### 4.1.1.1.4 IMS initial registration set-up time (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean setup time of the successful IMS initial registrations at P-CSCF. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for every successful IMS initial registration between the receipt by the P-CSCF from the UE of a SIP\_REGISTER message and the corresponding SIP\_200\_OK message for the initial registration over a granularity period using DER. The end value of this time will then be divided by the number of successful IMS initial registrations observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean, the accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. See 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]. + +![Sequence diagram showing the UE registration procedure. A UE sends a 'Register' message to a P-CSCF, and the P-CSCF responds with a '200 OK' message.](77464a47f104d0d647b2414591137b64_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant P-CSCF + Note left of UE: + UE->>P-CSCF: Register + Note right of P-CSCF: + P-CSCF-->>UE: 200 OK + Note left of UE: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the UE registration procedure. A UE sends a 'Register' message to a P-CSCF, and the P-CSCF responds with a '200 OK' message. + +Figure 1: UE registration procedure + +- d) A single integer value. (in milliseconds). +- e) UR.MeanInitRegSetupTime. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. +- i) This measurement is mainly dedicated to Vendor Performance Modelling, Operator Traffic Engineering and Vendor Development Engineering communities. + +#### 4.1.1.1.5 Attempted initial registration procedures per access technology + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted initial registrations from the UE belonging to a given access technology. (Note: The P-Access-Network-Info header is extended to include specific information relating to particular access technologies. The UE shall populate the P-Access-Network-Info header, with the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", + +"IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc., as appropriate to the access technology in use.). This measurement is only valid for the P-CSCF. + +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF of a SIP\_REGISTER message for the initial registration. Each Register message with different access-type token in the P-Access-Network-Info header for the initial registration is added to the relevant measurement according to access technology (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.AttInitReg.*AT* where *AT* identifies the access technology the UE is belonging to. +- f) PCSCFFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.1.6 Successful initial registration procedures per access technology + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful initial registrations from the UE belonging to a given access technology. This measurement is only valid for the P-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK message for the initial registration, corresponding to the SIP\_REGISTER message with different access-type token in the P-Access-Network-Info header for the initial registration, each successful initial registration is added to the relevant measurement according to access technology (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.SuccInitReg.*AT* where *AT* identifies the access technology the UE is belonging to. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.2 Re-registration + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.1.1.2.1, 4.1.1.2.2 and 4.1.1.2.3 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.1.1.2.1 Attempted re-registration procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted re-registrations at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_REGISTER message for the re-registration (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.AttReReg. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.2.2 Successful re-registration procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful re-registrations at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK message for the re-registration (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.SuccReReg. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.2.3 Failed re-registration procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed re-registration procedures at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a response message(e.g. SIP\_4xx) indicating a failed re-registration, each failed re-registration procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. Possible status codes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed re-registration procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of measured per status code plus a possible *sum* measurement identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.FailReReg.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the status code. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS + +#### 4.1.1.2.4 Attempted re-registration procedures per access technology + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted re-registrations from the UE belonging to a given access technology. (Note: The P-Access-Network-Info header is extended to include specific information relating to particular access technologies. The UE shall populate the P-Access-Network-Info header, with the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", "IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc., as appropriate to the access technology in use.). This measurement is only valid for the P-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF of a SIP\_REGISTER message for the re-registration. Each Register message with different access-type token in the P-Access-Network-Info header for the re-registration is added to the relevant measurement according to access technology (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.AttReReg.*AT* where *AT* identifies the access technology the UE is belonging to. + +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.2.5 Successful re-registration procedures per access technology + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful re-registrations from the UE belonging to a given access technology. This measurement is only valid for the P-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK message for the re-registration, corresponding to the SIP\_REGISTER message with different access-type token in the P-Access-Network-Info header for the re-registration, each successful re-registration is added to the relevant measurement according to access technology (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.SuccReReg.*AT* where *AT* identifies the access technology the UE is belonging to. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.3 De-registration + +##### 4.1.1.3.1 De-registrations initiated by UE + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.1.1.3.1.1, 4.1.1.3.1.2 and 4.1.1.3.1.3 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +###### 4.1.1.3.1.1 Attempted de-registration procedures initiated by UE + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted de-registrations initiated by UE at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_REGISTER message for the de-registration (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.AttDeRegUe. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +###### 4.1.1.3.1.2 Successful de-registration procedures initiated by UE + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful de-registrations initiated by UE at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK message corresponding to SIP\_REGISTER message for the de-registration (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.SuccDeRegUe. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +###### 4.1.1.3.1.3 Failed de-registration procedures initiated by UE + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed de-registration procedures initiated by UE at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes.. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a response message (e.g. SIP\_4xx) indicating a failed de-registration procedure initiated by UE, each failed de-registration procedure initiated by UE is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. Possible status codes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed de-registration procedures initiated by UE. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of measured status codes plus a possible sum measurement identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.FailDeRegUe.Cause where Cause identifies the status code. + +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.3.1.4 Attempted de-registrations initiated by UE per access technology + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted de-registrations from the UE belonging to a given access technology. (Note: The P-Access-Network-Info header is extended to include specific information relating to particular access technologies. The UE shall populate the P-Access-Network-Info header, with the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", "IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc., as appropriate to the access technology in use.). This measurement is only valid for the P-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF of a SIP\_REGISTER message for the de-registration. Each Register message with different access-type token in the P-Access-Network-Info header for the de-registration is added to the relevant measurement according to access technology (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.AttDeRegUe.AT where AT identifies the access technology the UE is belonging to. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.3.1.5 Successful de-registrations initiated by UE per access technology + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful de-registrations from the UE belonging to a given access technology. This measurement is only valid for the P-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK message for the de-registration, corresponding to the SIP\_REGISTER message with different access-type token in the P-Access-Network-Info header for the de-registration, each successful de-registration is added to the relevant measurement according to access technology (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.SuccDeRegUe.AT where AT identifies the access technology the UE is belonging to. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.3.2 De-registration initiated by HSS + +The measurements defined in this subclause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.1.1.3.2.1 Attempted de-registration procedures initiated by HSS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted de-registrations initiated by HSS at the S-CSCF. +- b) CC. + +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a Cx-Deregister message for the de-registration initiated by HSS (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.AttDeRegHss. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.3.2.2 Successful de-registration procedures initiated by HSS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful de-registrations initiated by HSS at the S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a "Cx-Deregister Resp" message indicating a successful de-registration initiated by HSS (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.SuccDeRegHss. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.3.2.3 Failed de-registration procedures initiated by HSS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed de-registration procedures initiated by HSS at the S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per diameter result codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a response message(e.g. SIP\_4xx) indicating a failed de-registration procedure initiated by HSS, each failed de-registration procedure initiated by HSS is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. Possible status codes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed de-registration procedures initiated by HSS. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of measured result code plus a possible sum measurement identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.FailDeRegHss.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the Diameter result code. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.3.3 De-registration initiated by service platform + +The measurements defined in this subclause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.1.1.3.3.1 Attempted de-registration procedures initiated by service platform + +- a) This measurement provides the number attempted of de-registrations initiated by service platform at the S-CSCF. + +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a SIP\_NOTIFY message indicating a de-registration initiated by service platform (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.AttDeRegSrvPlatform. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.3.3.2 Successful de-registration procedures initiated by service platform + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful de-registrations initiated by service platform at the S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK message corresponding to the SIP\_NOTIFY message indicating a de-registration initiated by service platform (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.SuccDeRegSrvPlatform. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.3.3.3 Failed de-registration procedures initiated by service platform + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed de-registration procedures initiated by service platform at the S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a response message(e.g. SIP\_4xx) indicating a failed de-registration procedure initiated by service platform, each failed de-registration procedure initiated by service platform is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. Possible status codes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed de-registration procedures initiated by service platform. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of the measured status codes plus a possible sum measurement identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.FailDeRegSrvPlatform.Cause where *Cause* identifies the status code. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.4 Third party registration + +The measurements defined in this subclause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.1.1.4.1 Attempted third party registration procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted third-party registrations triggered by S-CSCF.. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a SIP\_REGISTER message for the third party registration (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.Att3rdPartyReg. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.4.2 Successful third party registration procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful third-party registrations triggered by S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK message for the third party registration (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.Succ3rdPartyReg. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.4.3 Failed third party registration procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed third-party registrations triggered by S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a response message(e.g. SIP\_4xx) indicating a failed third party registration procedure, each failed third party registration procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. Possible status codes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed third party registration procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is a single integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of the measured status codes plus a possible sum measurement identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.Fail3rdPartyReg.Cause. +where *Cause* identifies the status code. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.5 User registration status query + +The measurements defined in this subclause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.1.1.5.1 Attempted user registration status query procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of attempted User registration status query procedures at the I-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the I-CSCF of a User-Authorization-Request Diameter command to the HSS (see 3GPP TS 29.229 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.AttUAR. +- f) ICSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.5.2 Successful user registration status query procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of successful user registration status query procedures at the I-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the I-CSCF of a User-Authorization-Answer Diameter command from HSS indicating that the User Authorization Request is successful with the specific result code, each successful user registration status query procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the successful result code. Possible successful result codes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per result code measurements shall equal the total number of successful User registration status query procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of result codes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.SuccUAA.*ResultCode* where *ResultCode* identifies the successful Result Code. +- f) ICSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.5.3 Failed user registration status query procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of user registration status query procedures rejected by HSS for the specific causes. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. This measurement is only valid for the I-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the I-CSCF of a User-Authorization-Answer Diameter command from HSS indicating that the User Authorization Request is rejected for the specific cause, each failed user registration status query procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the failure cause. Possible failure causes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of failed User registration status query procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.FailUAA.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the failure cause. The following subcounters with specific failure causes (see 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]) are required: + +- UR.NbrFailUAA.5002      Result-Code: DIAMETER\_ERROR\_IDENTITIES\_DONT\_MATCH; +- UR.NbrFailUAA.5004      Result-Code: DIAMETER\_ERROR\_ROAMING\_NOT\_ALLOWED; + +- f) ICSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.1.6 S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification + +The measurements defined in this subclause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.1.1.6.1 Attempted S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of attempted S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a Server-Assignment-Request Diameter command to the HSS (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.AttSAR. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.1.1.6.2 Successful S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of successful S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a Server-Assignment-Answer Diameter command from the HSS indicating a successful S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedure (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.SuccSAA. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.1.1.6.3 Failed S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of failed S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedures. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a Server-Assignment-Answer Diameter command from HSS indicating the S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedure is failed for the specific cause, each failed S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the failure cause. Possible failure causes are included in TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of failed S-CSCF registration/deregistration notification procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.FailSAA.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the failure cause. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.1.2 Session control related measurements + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.1.2.1, 4.1.2.2 and 4.1.2.4 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +### 4.1.2.1 Attempted session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments at P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of an initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSession. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.2.2 Successful session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful session establishments at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per message type (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating the successful session establishments. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of the first response message (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating a successful session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each successful session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful session establishments. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.SuccSession.*type* where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +- SC.SuccSession.180                      Message type: SIP\_180; +- SC.SuccSession.200                      Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been sent for this session. + +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.2.3 Answered session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered session establishments at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) CC. + +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK response message corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AnsSession. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.4 Failed session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed session establishments at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a response message (e.g. SIP\_430) indicating a failed session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each failed session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed session establishments. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.FailSession.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the status code. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.5 Simultaneous online and answered sessions (Maximum) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of simultaneous online sessions which have been answered at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online sessions which have been answered and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.NbrSimulAnsSessionMax. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.6 Successful session establishment time (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean establishment time of the successful sessions at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per media type. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for every successful session between the receipt of an initial SIP\_INVITE message by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]) and the transmission of the first corresponding response message (which may be SIP\_180 or SIP\_2XX) indicating a successful session establishment over a granularity period. The end value of this time will then be divided by the number of successful session establishments observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean, the accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. The measurement is split into subcounters per media type, and the possible media type can be seen in TS 24.229[8]. +- d) A single integer value(in milliseconds) +- e) SC.SessionEstabTimeMean.MediaName +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS + +#### 4.1.2.7 Simultaneous online and answered sessions (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of simultaneous online and answered sessions at the P-CSCF and S-CSCF. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online and answered sessions which are in the state between receipt by the P-CSCF of SIP\_200\_OK message and receipt by the P-CSCF of message SIP\_BYE, or between receipt by the S-CSCF of message SIP\_200\_OK and receipt or transmission by the S-CSCF of the message SIP\_BYE, and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.NbrSimulAnsSessionMean +- f) PCSCFFunction +SCSCFFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.8 Dropped sessions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of sessions that have been removed due to session expiry at the S-CSCF, P-CSCF and I-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) A session is removed due to time expired. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.DroppedSession. +- f) PCSCFFunction + +SCSCFFunction + +ICSCFFunction + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.9 Attempted originating session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted originating session establishments at P-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF of an initial SIP\_INVITE message from UE (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSessionOrig. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.10 Successful originating session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful originating session establishments at the P-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per message type (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating the successful session establishments. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF of the first response message (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating a successful session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]) to UE, each successful session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful session establishments. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.SuccSessionOrig.*type* where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +- SC.SuccSessionOrig.180 Message type: SIP\_180; +- SC.SuccSessionOrig.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been sent for this session. + +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.11 Attempted terminating session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted terminating session establishments at P-CSCF and I-CSCF. +- b) CC. + +- c) On receipt by the terminating I-CSCF of an initial SIP\_INVITE message from originating S-CSCF and receipt by the P-CSCF of an initial SIP\_INVITE message from S-CSCF (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSessionTerm. +- f) PCSCFFunction +ICSCFFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.12 Successful terminating session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful terminating session establishments at the P-CSCF and I-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per message type (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating the successful session establishments. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF of the first response message (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating a successful terminating session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]) to S-CSCF or on transmission by the I-CSCF of the first response message (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating a successful terminating session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]) to originating S-CSCF, each successful session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful session establishments. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.SuccSessionTerm.*type* where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +- SC.SuccSessionTerm.180 Message type: SIP\_180; +- SC.SuccSessionTerm.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been sent for this session. + +- f) PCSCFFunction +ICSCFFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.13 Accumulated originating session time + +- a) This measurement provides the Accumulated originating session time at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful session establishment between the transmission by the originating P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK response message corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]) and the receipt of corresponding release message "BYE" (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]) over a given granularity period. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) An integer value. (Unit: Millisecond) + +- e) SC.AnsTrafOrig. +- f) PCSCFFunction. + - a) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.14 Accumulated terminating session time + +- a) This measurement provides the accumulated terminating session time at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for all successful session establishment between the transmission by the terminating P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK response message corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]) and the receipt of corresponding release message "BYE" (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]) over a given granularity period.. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) An integer value. (Unit: Millisecond) +- e) SC.AnsTrafTerm. +- f) PCSCFFunction. + - a) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.15 Attempted session establishments per access technology + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments from the UE belonging to a given access technology at P-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per access technology. The P-Access-Network-Info header is extended to include specific information relating to particular access technologies. The UE shall populate the P-Access-Network-Info header, with the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", "IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc. as appropriate to the access technology in use (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF of of an initial SIP\_INVITE message. Each invite message with different access-type token in the P-Access-Network-Info header for the initial session is added to the relevant measurement according to access technology (see 3GPP TS 23.229 [8]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.AttInitSession.AT where AT identifies the access technology the UE is belonging to. AT could be the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", "IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc. (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.16 Successful session establishments per access technology + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful session establishments from the UE belonging to a given access technology at P-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per access technology. The P-Access- + +Network-Info header is extended to include specific information relating to particular access technologies. The UE shall populate the P-Access-Network-Info header, with the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", "IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc. as appropriate to the access technology in use (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). + +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF of first response message (e.g. SIP\_180), corresponding to the SIP\_INVITE message with different access-type token in the P-Access-Network-Info header for the session, each successful session is added to the relevant measurement according to access technology (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.SuccSession180.AT and SC.SuccSession200.AT + +where AT identifies the access technology the UE is belonging to. AT could be the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", "IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc. (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). + +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.17 Answered session establishments per access technology + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered session establishments from the UE belonging to a given access technology at P-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per access technology. The P-Access-Network-Info header is extended to include specific information relating to particular access technologies. The UE shall populate the P-Access-Network-Info header, with the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", "IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc. as appropriate to the access technology in use (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK response message corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]) with different access-type token in the P-Access-Network-Info header for the session, each answered session is added to the relevant measurement according to access technology (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of access technology plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR.SuccSession.AT +where AT identifies the access technology the UE is belonging to. AT could be the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", "IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc. (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.18 Failed session establishments per access technology + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed session establishments from the UE belonging to a given access technology at P-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per access technology. The P-Access-Network-Info header is extended to include specific information relating to particular access technologies. The UE shall populate the P-Access-Network-Info header, with the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", "IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc. as appropriate to the access technology in use (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). + +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF of first response message (e.g. SIP\_430), corresponding to the SIP\_INVITE message with different access-type token in the P-Access-Network-Info header for the session, each failed session is added to the relevant measurement according to access technology (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of access technology plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UR. FailSessionPerAT.AT where AT identifies the access technology the UE is belonging to. AT could be the following access-type tokens: "3GPP-GERAN", "3GPP-UTRAN-FDD", "3GPP-UTRAN-TDD", "3GPP2-1X", "IEEE-802.11a" or "IEEE-802.11b", etc. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.2.19 The number of release before ringing + +- a) This measurement provides the number of session establishments which were released as user behaviour before ringing at P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_Cancel message when the P-CSCF or S-CSCF expects to receive the first response message (e.g. SIP\_180 or SIP\_200\_OK) indicating a successful session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC. RelBeforeRing. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS + +#### 4.1.2.20 The number of release while ringing + +- a) This measurement provides the number of session establishments which were released while ringing as user behaviour at P-CSCF or S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_Cancel message after the P-CSCF or S-CSCF receives the first response message (e.g. SIP\_180 or SIP\_200\_OK) indicating a successful session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC. RelAfterRing. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS + +### 4.1.3 User location query related measurements + +The measurements defined in this subclause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.1.3.1 Attempted user location query procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of attempted user location query procedures at I-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the I-CSCF of a Location-Info-Request Diameter command to the HSS (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) LIQ.AttLIR. +- f) ICSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.3.2 Successful user location query procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of successful user location query procedures at I-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the I-CSCF of a Location-Info-Answer Diameter command from the HSS indicating a successful location information query procedure (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) LIQ.SuccLIA. +- f) ICSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.3.3 Failed user location query procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of failed user location query procedures at I-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the I-CSCF of a Location-Info-Answer Diameter command from HSS indicating the user location query is failed for the specific cause, each failed user location query procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the failure cause. Possible failure causes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of failed user location query procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form LIQ.FailLIA.Cause where *Cause* identifies the failure cause. +- f) ICSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.4 Inter-network domain calling related measurements + +##### 4.1.4.1 Attempted session establishments from users of other network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments originated from the users (regardless of whether the user is roaming or not) who are belonging to other network domains at the I-CSCF or S-CSCF in the terminating network. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the I-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_ INVITE message, and the calling party is belonging to other network domains (i.e. the domain name information of the calling party retrieved from the SIP\_ INVITE message is different from the domain of this I-CSCF or S-CSCF). Each session whose calling party recognized by the CSCF as belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network domain measurements shall equal the total number of attempted session establishments from users of other network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form *IC.AttSessionFromOtherNtwkDmn.Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) ICSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.1.4.2 403 (Forbidden) generated for sessions from users of other network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SIP\_403 (Forbidden) response messages at the I-CSCF or S-CSCF in the terminating network generated for the sessions from users of other network domains. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the I-CSCF or S-CSCF of SIP\_403 message corresponding to the SIP\_ INVITE message of which the calling party is belonging to other network domains received by the I-CSCF or S-CSCF. Each SIP\_403 message generated by the I-CSCF or S-CSCF for the session whose calling party is belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network domain measurements shall equal the total number of 403 (Forbidden) generated for sessions from users of other network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form *IC.403SessionFromOtherNtwkDmn.Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) ICSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.4.3 Attempted session establishments to users of other network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments towards users (regardless of whether the user is roaming or not) who are belonging to other network domains at the I-CSCF or S-CSCF in the originating network. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the I-CSCF or S-CSCF of a SIP\_ INVITE messages, and the called party is belonging to other network domains (i.e. the domain name information of the called party retrieved from the SIP\_ INVITE message is different from the domain of this I-CSCF or S-CSCF). Each session whose called party recognized by the CSCF as belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network measurements shall equal the total number of attempted session establishments to users of other network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form *IC.AttSessionToOtherNtwkDmn.Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) ICSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.4.4 403 (Forbidden) received for sessions to users of other network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SIP\_ 403 (Forbidden) response messages received for sessions to users of other network domains at the I-CSCF or S-CSCF in the originating network. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the I-CSCF or S-CSCF of SIP\_ 403 message corresponding to the SIP\_ INVITE message corresponding to the SIP\_ INVITE message of which the called party is belonging to other network domains transmitted by the I-CSCF or S-CSCF. Each SIP\_ 403 message received by the I-CSCF or S-CSCF for the session whose called party is belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network domain measurements shall equal the total number of 403 (Forbidden) received for sessions to users of other network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form *IC.403SessionToOtherNtwkDmn.Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) ICSCFFunction +SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.4.5 Successful session establishments from users of other network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful session establishments from the users (regardless of whether the user is roaming or not) who are belonging to other network domains at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF in the originating network. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of the first response message (which may be SIP\_180 or SIP\_2XX) indicating a successful session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), and the called party is belonging to other network domains. Each session whose called party recognized by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF as belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network measurements shall equal the total number of successful session establishments to users of other network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of other network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form *IC.SuccSessionFromOtherNtwkDmn.Domain* where *Domain* identifies the other network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.4.6 Successful session establishments to users of other network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful session establishments towards users (regardless of whether the user is roaming or not) who are belonging to other network domains at the P-CSCF or S-CSCF in the originating network. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF of the first response message (which may be SIP\_180 or SIP\_2XX) indicating a successful session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), and the calling party is belonging to other network domains received by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF. Each session whose called party recognized by the P-CSCF or S-CSCF as belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network measurements shall equal the total number of successful session establishments to users of other network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of other network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form *IC.SuccSessionToOtherNtwkDmn.Domain* where *Domain* identifies the other network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +SCSCFFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.1.5 Roaming users related measurements + +### 4.1.5.1 Initial registrations of visiting users from other IMS network domains + +- a) This measurement provides number of initial registrations of users accessing the visited IMS network but are belonging other IMS network domains at P-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per IMS network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the P-CSCF of the SIP\_REGISTER message from the UE who is belonging to other network domains (i.e. the domain name information of the roamer retrieved from the SIP\_REGISTER message is different from the domain of this CSCF) for the initial registration. Each roamer recognized by the P-CSCF as belonging to a given IMS network domain is added to the relevant per IMS network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per IMS network domain measurements shall equal the total number of visiting users. In case only a subset of per IMS network domain measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of IMS network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RU.AttInitRegOfVisitUsers.*Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.5.2 Number of SIP 403 (Forbidden) messages for the roamers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of 403-Forbidden response messages generated to UEs who are belonging to other IMS network domains with whom there are roaming agreements for the registration procedures at P-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF of a SIP\_403 (Forbidden) response message to the UE who is belonging to other IMS networks for the initial registration procedure. Each SIP\_403 message transmitted by the P-CSCF for the roamer who is belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network domain measurements shall equal the total number of 403 (Forbidden) generated for the roamers who are belonging to other IMS network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of IMS network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RU.Nbr403InitRegOfVisitUsers.*Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.5.3 Roaming users to other IMS network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of the roamers visiting other IMS network domains at S-CSCF. +- b) CC. + +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a SIP\_REGISTER message from the P-CSCF which is belonging to other IMS network domains. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RU.RmgUsersOut. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.5.4 Number of 200 OK (Successful) messages for the roamers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of 200 OK (Successful) response messages generated to UEs who are belonging to other IMS network domains with whom there are roaming agreements for the registration procedures at P-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the P-CSCF of a 200 OK (Successful) response message to the UE who is belonging to other IMS networks for the initial registration procedure. Each 200 OK message transmitted by the P-CSCF for the roamer who is belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network domain measurements shall equal the total number of 200 OK (Successful) generated for the roamers who are belonging to other IMS network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of IMS network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RU.Nbr200InitRegOfVisitUsers.*Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) PCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.1.6 Authentication related measurements + +The measurements defined in this subclause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +### 4.1.6.1 Attempted Authentication procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of attempted Authentication procedures at S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a Multimedia-Authentication-Request Diameter command to the HSS (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MA.AttMAR. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.6.2 Successful Authentication procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of successful Authentication procedures at S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a Multimedia-Authentication-Answer Diameter command from the HSS indicating a successful authentication procedure (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MA.SuccMAA. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.6.3 Failed Authentication procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of failed Authentication procedures at S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a Multimedia-Authentication-Answer Diameter command from HSS indicating the authentication procedure is failed for the specific cause, each failed authentication procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the failure cause. Possible failure causes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. +And each expected Multimedia-Authentication-Answer Diameter command not received by the S-CSCF is added into failure cause 'No Reply' (not specified in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]). +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of failed authentication procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form MA.FailMAA.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the failure cause. +The cause 'No Reply' is identified by the *.NoReply* suffix. + +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.1.7 HSS initiated update of User Profile related measurements + +The measurements defined in this subclause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +### 4.1.7.1 Attempted HSS initiated User Profile Update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of attempted HSS initiated user profile update procedures at S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a Push-Profile-Request Diameter command from the HSS (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UP.AttPPR. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.7.2 Successful HSS initiated User Profile Update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of successful HSS initiated user profile update procedures at S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF to the HSS of a Push-Profile-Answer Diameter command indicating a successful user profile update procedure (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UP.SuccPPA. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.7.3 Failed HSS initiated user profile update procedures + +- a) This measurement provides number of failed HSS initiated user profile update procedures at S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF to the HSS of a Push-Profile-Answer Diameter command indicating the user profile update procedure is failed for the specific cause, each failed user profile update procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the failure cause. Possible failure causes are included in 3GPP TS 29.229 [10]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of failed user profile update procedures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UP.FailPPA.Cause where *Cause* identifies the failure cause. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.1.8 Subscription procedure related measurements + +The measurements defined in this subclause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +### 4.1.8.1 Number of attempted Subscription procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of initial subscriptions attempted at the S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of an initial SIP\_SUBSCRIBE message (see TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SUB.AttSubscribe. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.8.2 Number of successful Subscription procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful subscription establishments received at the S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a response message with a response code (e.g. SIP\_200\_OK) indicating a successful subscription setup corresponding to the initial SIP\_SUBSCRIBE message (see TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SUB.SuccSubscribe. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.8.3 Number of failed Subscription procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed subscription establishments at the S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per response codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a response message with a response code (e.g. SIP\_430) indicating a failed subscription establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_SUBSCRIBE message (see TS 24.229 [8]), each failed subscription establishment trial is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SUB.FailedSubscribe.Cause where *Cause* identifies the response code. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.1.9 Notify procedure related measurements + +The measurements defined in this subclause are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +### 4.1.9.1 Number of emitted Notify procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of emitted Notify SIP messages at the S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a SIP\_NOTIFY message (see TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) NOTIF.EmittedNotify. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.9.2 Number of successful Notify procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful Notify messages at the S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a response message with response code (e.g. SIP\_200\_OK) indicating a successful response corresponding to the emitted SIP\_NOTIFY message (see TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) NOTIF.SuccNotify. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.9.3 Number of failed Notify procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed Notify messages at the S-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per response codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a response message with response code (e.g. SIP\_430) indicating a failed response corresponding to the SIP\_NOTIFY message (see TS 24.229 [8]), each failed Notify message trial is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form NOTIF.FailedNotify.Cause where *Cause* identifies the response code. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.1.10 Immediate Messaging related measurements + +The three measure types defined in this subclause are subject to the “2 out of 3 approach”. + +### 4.1.10.1 Attempted Immediate Messaging procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted immediate messaging procedures at S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the S-CSCF of a SIP\_MESSAGE request message for the Immediate Messaging (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC. AttImMsg. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.10.2 Successful Immediate Messaging procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful immediate messaging procedures at S-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a response message with a response code (e.g. SIP\_200\_OK) indicating a successful response corresponding to the SIP\_MESSAGE request message (see TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC. SuccImMsg. +- f) SCSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.10.3 Failed Immediate Messaging procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed immediate messaging procedures at S-CSCF. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the S-CSCF of a response message with response code (e.g. SIP\_430) indicating a failed response corresponding to the SIP\_MESSAGE request message (see TS 24.229 [8]), each failed SIP\_MESSAGE request message trial is added to the relevant measurement according to the response message type. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement (as defined in e) is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) SC.FailImMsg.Cause +where Cause identifies the cause of failure. +- f) SCSCFFunction +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.1.11 Emergency session procedure related measurements + +The three measurements defined in subclauses 4.1.11.1, 4.1.11.2 and 4.1.11.3 are subject to the “2 out of 3 approach”. + +### 4.1.11.1 Attempted emergency session procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted emergency session procedures at E-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the E-CSCF of a SIP initial request message except SIP\_REGISTER for the emergency session (see 3GPP TS 23.167 [35], TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttEmgSess. +- f) ECSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.11.2 Successful emergency session procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful emergency session procedures at E-CSCF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the E-CSCF of a SIP\_200\_OK response message corresponding to the SIP initial request message except SIP\_REGISTER for the emergency session (see 3GPP TS 23.167 [35], TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.SuccEmgSess. +- f) ECSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.1.11.3 Failed emergency session procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed emergency session procedures at E-CSCF. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the E-CSCF of a response message with response code (e.g. SIP\_380) indicating a failed response corresponding to the SIP initial request message except SIP\_REGISTER for the emergency session (see 3GPP TS 23.167 [35], TS 24.229 [8]). Each failed session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed session establishments. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC. FailEmgSess.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the status code. +- f) ECSCFFunction +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.1.11.4 Successful emergency session establishment time (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean establishment time of the successful emergency sessions at the CSCF. The measurement is only valid for E-CSCF. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for every successful emergency session between the receipt of an initial SIP\_INVITE message by the CSCF (see TS 23.167 [35]) and the transmission of the first corresponding response message (which may be SIP\_180 or SIP\_2XX) indicating a successful emergency session establishment over a granularity period. The end value of this time will then be divided by the number of successful emergency session establishments observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean, the accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) A single integer value(in milliseconds) +- e) SC. SuccEmgSessEstabTimeMean +- f) ECSCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS + +### 4.2 Measurements related to HSS + +#### 4.2.1 HSS database usage related measurements + +##### 4.2.1.1 Provisioning related measurements + +###### 4.2.1.1.1 Number of provisioned IMS subscriptions currently stored in a HSS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of provisioned IMS subscriptions currently stored in a HSS. +- b) Gauge. +- c) Incremented when a IMS subscription (3GPP TS 23.228 [7]) is provisioned in the HSS and decremented when a subscription is removed from the HSS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) DBU.NbrImSubscription. +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for Circuit switching traffic and packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +###### 4.2.1.1.2 Number of provisioned Private User Identity stored in a HSS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of provisioned Private User Identity currently stored in a HSS. +- b) Gauge. +- c) Incremented when a Private User Identity is provisioned in the HSS and decremented when a Private User Identity is removed from the HSS (3GPP TS 23.008 [16]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) DBU.NbrPriUserId. +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for Circuit switching traffic and packet switching traffic. + +h) IMS. + +#### 4.2.1.1.3 Number of provisioned Public User Identities with SIP URI format stored in a HSS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of provisioned Public User Identities with SIP URI format stored in a HSS. +- b) Gauge. +- c) Incremented when a Public User Identity with SIP URI format (3GPP TS 23.008 [16]) is provisioned in the HSS and decremented when a Public User Identity with SIP URI format is removed from the HSS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) DBU.NbrSipPubUserId. +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for Circuit switching traffic and packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.2.1.1.4 Number of provisioned Public User Identities with TEL URI format stored in a HSS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of provisioned Public User Identities with TEL URI format stored in a HSS. +- b) Gauge. +- c) Incremented when a Public User Identity with TEL URI format (3GPP TS 23.008 [16]) is provisioned in the HSS and decremented when a Public User identity with TEL URI format is removed from the HSS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) DBU.NbrTelPubUserId. +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for Circuit switching traffic and packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.2.1.1.5 Number of Private Service Identities stored in a HSS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Private Service Identities currently stored in a HSS. +- b) Gauge. +- c) Incremented when a Private Service Identity (3GPP TS 23.008 [16]) is provisioned in the HSS and decremented when a Private Service Identity is removed from the HSS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) DBU.NbrPriSrvId. +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for Circuit switching traffic and packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.2.1.1.6 Number of Public Service Identities with SIP URI format stored in a HSS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Public Service Identities with SIP URI format stored in a HSS. +- b) Gauge. + +- c) Incremented when a Public Service Identity with SIP URI format (3GPP TS 23.008 [16]) is provisioned in the HSS and decremented when a Public Service Identity with SIP URI format is removed from the HSS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) DBU.NbrSipPubSrvId. +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for Circuit switching traffic and packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.2.1.1.7 Number of Public Service Identities with TEL URI format stored in a HSS + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Public Service Identities with TEL URI format stored in a HSS. +- b) Gauge. +- c) Incremented when a Public Service Identity with TEL URI format (3GPP TS 23.008 [16]) is provisioned in the HSS and decremented when a Public Service Identity with TEL URI format is removed from the HSS. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) DBU.NbrTelPubSrvId. +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for Circuit switching traffic and packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.2.1.2 Registration Status related measurements + +##### 4.2.1.2.1 Number of Public User Identities in registered state + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Public User Identities in registered state stored in a HSS. The measurement is split into subcounters per visited network domain. +- b) Gauge. +- c) Incremented when a Public User Identity's Registration Status changes to "registered", and decremented when a Public User Identity's Registration Status changes from "registered". +- d) An integer value. +- e) DBU.NbrRegPubUserId.*RoamingDomain* +where *RoamingDomain* identifies the Domain Name of the visited network that a registration is initiated from. +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for Circuit switching traffic and packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.2.1.2.2 Number of Public User Identities in unregistered state + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Public User Identities in unregistered state stored in a HSS. +- b) Gauge. +- c) Incremented when a Public User Identity's Registration Status changes to "unregistered" and decremented when a Public User Identity's Registration Status changes from "unregistered". +- d) An integer value. +- e) DBU.NbrUnregPubUserId. + +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for Circuit switching traffic and packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.2.1.2.3 Number of Private User Identities in registered state + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Private User Identities that have been used in the registration of one or more currently registered Public User Identities stored in a HSS. +- b) Gauge. +- c) Incremented on the emergence of the first registered Public User Identity associated with a Private User Identity and decremented on the deregistration of the last registered Public User Identity associated with a Private User Identity. +- d) An integer value. +- e) DBU.NbrRegPriUsrId. +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for Circuit switching traffic and packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.2.2 Void + +#### 4.2.3 Void + +#### 4.2.4 Void + +#### 4.2.5 Void + +#### 4.2.6 Void + +#### 4.2.7 Void + +#### 4.2.8 Void + +#### 4.2.9 Void + +#### 4.2.10 Void + +#### 4.2.11 Void + +#### 4.2.12 Interaction related measurements between HSS and other NEs + +##### 4.2.12.1 Total number of request messages + +- a) This measurement provides the total number of request messages received by HSS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of request message (e.g, Diameter command Update-Location-Request in 3GPP TS 29.272 [40]) by HSS from other NEs. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.Request. +- f) HSSFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.2.12.2 Total number of answered messages + +- a) This measurement provides the total number of answered messages sent by HSS. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by HSS of answered message (e.g., Diameter command Update-Location- Answer in 3GPP TS 29.272 [40]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UR.Answer. +- f) HSSFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switching traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.3 Measurements related to BGCF + +### 4.3.1 Session Control related measurements + +#### 4.3.1.1 Overview + +The performance measurements defined in subclause 4.3.1 are related to the procedures that BGCF forwards session to the selected network. + +Based on the procedures described in 3GPP TS 23.228 [7] and 3GPP TS 24.229 [8], when the BGCF receives a request, the BGCF shall forward the request: + +- to an MGCF within its own network for calls routing to PSTN/CS domain in the same network; or +- to another BGCF in the selected network for calls routing to PSTN/CS domain in another network; or + - to an I-CSCF in the selected network for sessions routing to another IMS network ; or +- to an IBCF in its own network for sessions routing to another IMS network or other SIP-based multimedia networks, if local policy requires IBCF capabilities towards another network. + +#### 4.3.1.2 Attempted sessions at BGCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted sessions at the BGCF when network breakout is to occur. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the BGCF of an initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSession. +- f) BGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.3.1.3 Attempted sessions forwarded to MGCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted sessions forwarded to the MGCF within the same network at the BGCF for calls routing to PSTN/CS domain in the same network. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the BGCF of an initial SIP\_INVITE message to the MGCF within the same network (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSessionFwdToMGCF. +- f) BGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.3.1.4 Attempted sessions forwarded to BGCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted sessions forwarded to the BGCF in the selected network for calls routing to PSTN/CS domain in another network. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the BGCF of an initial SIP\_INVITE message to the BGCF in a different network (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSessionFwdToBGCF. +- f) BGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.3.1.4a Attempted sessions forwarded to I-CSCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted sessions forwarded to the I-CSCF in the selected network for sessions routing to another IMS network. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the BGCF of an initial SIP\_INVITE message to the I-CSCF in a different network (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSessionFwdToCSCF. +- f) BGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.3.1.4b Attempted sessions forwarded to IBCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted sessions forwarded to the IBCF in its own network for sessions routing to another IMS network or other SIP-based multimedia networks, if local policy requires IBCF capabilities towards another network. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the BGCF of an initial SIP\_INVITE message to the IBCF in a different network (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSessionFwdToIBCF. +- f) BGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.3.1.5 Successful sessions forwarded to MGCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful sessions forwarded to the MGCF at the BGCF for calls routing to PSTN or CS domain in the same network. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the BGCF of a response message (e.g. SIP\_180 or SIP\_200) indicating a successful session from the MGCF in the same network, corresponding to the transmitted initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). Each successful session forwarded to MGCF is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful sessions forwarded to MGCF. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) SC.SuccSessionFwdToMGCF.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +SC.SuccSessionFwdToMGCF.180 Message type: SIP\_180 + +SC.SuccSessionFwdToMGCF.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been received for this session. + +- f) BGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.3.1.6 Successful sessions forwarded to BGCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful forwarded sessions to the BGCF in the selected network for calls routing to PSTN/CS domain in another network. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the BGCF of a response message (e.g. SIP\_180 or SIP\_200) indicating a successful session from the BGCF in another network, corresponding to the transmitted initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [2]). Each successful session forwarded to BGCF is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful sessions forwarded to BGCF. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) SC.SuccSessionFwdToBGCF.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +SC.SuccSessionFwdToBGCF.180 Message type: SIP\_180 + +SC.SuccSessionFwdToBGCF.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been received for this session. + +- f) BGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.3.1.7 Successful sessions forwarded to I-CSCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful sessions forwarded to the I-CSCF in the selected network for sessions routing to another IMS network. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the BGCF of a response message (e.g. SIP\_180 or SIP\_200) indicating a successful session from the I-CSCF in a different network, corresponding to the transmitted initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). Each successful session forwarded to I-CSCF is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful sessions forwarded to I-CSCF. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) SC.SuccSessionFwdToCSCF.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: +SC.SuccSessionFwdToCSCF.180 Message type: SIP\_180 +SC.SuccSessionFwdToCSCF.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been received for this session. +- f) BGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.3.1.8 Successful sessions forwarded to IBCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful forwarded sessions to the IBCF in its own network for sessions routing to another IMS network or other SIP-based multimedia networks, if local policy requires IBCF capabilities towards another network.. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the IBCF of a response message (e.g. SIP\_180 or SIP\_200) indicating a successful session from the IBCF in another network, corresponding to the transmitted initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). Each successful session forwarded to IBCF is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful sessions forwarded to IBCF. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) SC.SuccSessionFwdToIBCF.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: +SC.SuccSessionFwdToIBCF.180 Message type: SIP\_180 +SC.SuccSessionFwdToIBCF.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been received for this session. +- f) BGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.4 Measurements related to MGCF + +### 4.4.1 Call control related measurements + +#### 4.4.1.1 Call control related measurements, CS network originated + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.4.1.1.2, 4.4.1.1.3 and 4.4.1.1.5 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.4.1.1.1 Overview + +The performance measurements defined in this subclause are related to the CS network originated call that is intentionally routed to IM CN subsystem. + +![Sequence diagram of CS network originated, IM CN terminated call procedure](b5987d63203a5fa601921039922ac520_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant CS + participant MGCF + participant IM_CN + Note left of CS: CS originates call + CS->>MGCF: IAM + MGCF->>IM_CN: SIP: INVITE + IM_CN-->>MGCF: SIP: 100 Trying + MGCF-->>IM_CN: SIP: 183 Session Progress + IM_CN-->>MGCF: SIP: PRACK + MGCF-->>IM_CN: SIP: 200 OK (PRACK) + CS->>MGCF: COT + MGCF->>IM_CN: SIP: UPDATE + IM_CN-->>MGCF: SIP: 200 OK (UPDATE) + MGCF-->>IM_CN: SIP: 180 Ringing + MGCF-->>CS: ACM + MGCF-->>IM_CN: SIP: 200 OK + IM_CN-->>MGCF: SIP: ACK + MGCF-->>CS: ANM +``` + +The diagram illustrates the call procedure for a CS network originated call terminated in the IM CN subsystem. It involves three main entities: CS (Circuit Switched network), MGCF (Media Gateway Control Function), and IM CN (IP Multimedia Core Network). The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. CS sends an IAM (Initial Address Message) to MGCF. 2. MGCF sends a SIP: INVITE to IM CN. 3. IM CN responds with SIP: 100 Trying to MGCF. 4. MGCF sends SIP: 183 Session Progress to IM CN. 5. IM CN responds with SIP: PRACK to MGCF. 6. MGCF sends SIP: 200 OK (PRACK) to IM CN. 7. CS sends a COT (Continuity Test) message to MGCF. 8. MGCF sends SIP: UPDATE to IM CN. 9. IM CN responds with SIP: 200 OK (UPDATE) to MGCF. 10. MGCF sends SIP: 180 Ringing to IM CN. 11. MGCF sends an ACM (Address Complete Message) to CS. 12. MGCF sends SIP: 200 OK to IM CN. 13. IM CN responds with SIP: ACK to MGCF. 14. MGCF sends an ANM (Answer Message) to CS. + +Sequence diagram of CS network originated, IM CN terminated call procedure + +Figure 14: CS network originated, IM CN terminated call procedure + +#### 4.4.1.1.2 Attempted calls, CS network originated + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted calls from CS network. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MGCF of an "IAM" message(see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AttCallCsOrig. +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.1.3 Successful calls, CS network originated + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful calls from CS network. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MGCF of an "ACM" or "CON" message (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]). + +NOTE: If ACM message is not sent, the "CON" message shall be the trigger. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.SuccCallCsOrig. +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.1.4 Answered calls, CS network originated + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered calls from CS network. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MGCF of an "ANM" or "CON" message (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AnsCallCsOrig. +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.1.5 Failed calls, CS network originated + +- a) This measurement provides number of failed calls (the calls are originated from CS network). +- b) CC. +- c) Before MGCF sends "ACM" or "CON" message (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]), the call is released.. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.FailCallCsOrig. + +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.1.6 Call set-up time (Mean), CS network originated + +- a) This measurement provides the mean setup time of the successful CS network originated calls. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for every successful CS network originated calls between the receipt of "IAM" message and the transmission of the corresponding "ACM" message or "CON" message if the "ACM" message is not sent over a granularity period using DER (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]). The end value of this time will then be divided by the number of successful CS network originated calls observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean, the accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. +- d) A single integer value (in milliseconds). +- e) CC.SetupTimeCsOrigMean. +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.2 Call control related measurements, IM CN originated + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.4.1.2.2, 4.4.1.2.3 and 4.4.1.2.5 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.4.1.2.1 Overview + +The performance measurements defined in this subclause is related to the IM CN subsystem originated call that is intentionally routed to CS network. + +![Sequence diagram of IM CN originated, CS network terminated call procedure. Lifelines: IM CN, MGCF, CS. The sequence starts with SIP:INVITE from IM CN to MGCF. MGCF responds with SIP: 100 Trying, then SIP:183 Session Progress. MGCF sends IAM to CS. IM CN sends SIP: PRACK to MGCF, which responds with SIP :200 OK (PRACK). IM CN sends SIP: UPDATE to MGCF, which responds with SIP :200 OK (UPDATE) and sends COT to CS. CS sends ACM to MGCF. MGCF sends SIP :180 Ringing to IM CN. CS sends ANM to MGCF. MGCF sends SIP :200 OK to IM CN. IM CN sends SIP: ACK to MGCF.](fd3cbb53e991f8209ba17b398f426e13_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant IM CN + participant MGCF + participant CS + Note left of IM CN: Error: Reference source not found + IM CN->>MGCF: SIP:INVITE + MGCF-->>IM CN: SIP: 100 Trying + MGCF-->>IM CN: SIP:183 Session Progress + MGCF->>CS: IAM + IM CN->>MGCF: SIP: PRACK + MGCF-->>IM CN: SIP :200 OK (PRACK) + IM CN->>MGCF: SIP: UPDATE + MGCF-->>IM CN: SIP :200 OK (UPDATE) + MGCF->>CS: COT + CS-->>MGCF: ACM + MGCF-->>IM CN: SIP :180 Ringing + CS->>MGCF: ANM + MGCF-->>IM CN: SIP :200 OK + IM CN->>MGCF: SIP: ACK + Note right of CS: Error: Reference source not found + +``` + +Sequence diagram of IM CN originated, CS network terminated call procedure. Lifelines: IM CN, MGCF, CS. The sequence starts with SIP:INVITE from IM CN to MGCF. MGCF responds with SIP: 100 Trying, then SIP:183 Session Progress. MGCF sends IAM to CS. IM CN sends SIP: PRACK to MGCF, which responds with SIP :200 OK (PRACK). IM CN sends SIP: UPDATE to MGCF, which responds with SIP :200 OK (UPDATE) and sends COT to CS. CS sends ACM to MGCF. MGCF sends SIP :180 Ringing to IM CN. CS sends ANM to MGCF. MGCF sends SIP :200 OK to IM CN. IM CN sends SIP: ACK to MGCF. + +Figure 15: IM CN originated, CS network terminated call procedure + +#### 4.4.1.2.2 Attempted calls, IM CN originated + +- This measurement provides the number of attempted calls from IM CN subsystem. +- CC. +- On receipt by the MGCF of an initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]). +- A single integer value. +- CC.AttCallImOrig. +- MGCFFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.2.3 Successful calls, IM CN originated + +- This measurement provides the number of successful calls from IM CN subsystem. The measurement is split into subcounters per message type (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating the successful IM CN originated call. +- CC. +- On transmission by the MGCF of a response message (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating a successful IM CN subsystem originated call corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]), each successful IM CN originated call is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful IM CN subsystem originated calls. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form CC.SuccCallImOrig.*type* where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +CC.SuccCallImOrig.180            Message type: SIP\_180. MGCF sends SIP\_180. + +CC.SuccCallImOrig.200            Message type: SIP\_200. MGCF sends SIP\_200\_OK after receiving CON message instead of ACM message. + +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.2.4            Answered calls, IM CN originated + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered calls from IM CN subsystem. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MGCF of a SIP\_200\_OK message corresponding to an initial SIP\_INVITE message. (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.AnsCallImOrig. +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.2.5            Failed calls, IM CN originated + +- a) This measurement provides number of failed calls (the calls are originated from IM CN subsystem). +- b) CC. +- c) Before MGCF sends SIP 180 or SIP 200 without 180 (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]), the call is released.. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.FailCallImOrig. +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.2.6            Call set-up time (Mean), IM CN originated + +- a) This measurement provides the mean setup time of the successful IM CN subsystem originated calls. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for every successful IM CN subsystem originated calls between the receipt of an initial SIP\_INVITE message and the transmission of corresponding SIP\_180 or SIP\_200\_OK without SIP\_180 message over a granularity period using DER (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]). The end value of this time will then be divided by the number of successful IM CN subsystem originated calls observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean, the accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. + +- d) A single integer value (in milliseconds). +- e) CC.SetupTimeImOrigMean. +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.3 Call control related measurements, call release + +##### 4.4.1.3.1 Overview + +The performance measurements defined in this subclause are related to the call release initiated by CS network, IM CN subsystem, MGCF itself and MGW respectively. + +##### 4.4.1.3.2 Call release initiated by CS network + +- a) This measurement provides the number of call release initiated by CS network with "REL" or "RSC" or "GRS" message. The measurement is split into subcounters per release message type, and per cause for the REL message. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MGCF of an ISUP/BICC "REL" or "RSC" or "GRS" message (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of supported causes in ISUP/BICC "REL" message, plus two values for ISUP/BICC "RSC" and "GRS" message respectively and a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) CC.RelCallCsInit.CauseOrMsg. + +Where *CauseOrMsg* identifies the cause in ISUP/BICC "REL" message if the call is released by ISUP/BICC "REL" message (see ITU-T Recommendation Q.850 [19]), or the message type ISUP/BICC "RSC" or "GRS" respectively if the call is released by ISUP/BICC "RSC" or "GRS" message. If the call is released by ISUP/BICC "RSC" or "GRS" message, the *CauseOrMsg* shall be the constant string "RSC" or "GRS" respectively when constructing the measurement name. + +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.4.1.3.3 Call release initiated by IM CN subsystem + +- a) This measurement provides the number of call release initiated by IM CN subsystem. The measurement is split into subcounters per message type. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MGCF of a SIP\_BYE or SIP\_CANCEL or SIP\_3XX or SIP\_4XX or SIP\_5XX or SIP\_6XX message (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]). +- d) 6 single integer values. +- e) CC.RelCallsImInit.BYE +CC.RelCallsCsInit.CANCEL +CC.RelCallsCsInit.3XX +CC.RelCallsCsInit.4XX +CC.RelCallsCsInit.5XX +CC.RelCallsCsInit.6XX +- f) MGCFFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.3.4 Call release initiated by MGCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of autonomous call release initiated by MGCF itself. The measurement is split into subcounters per message type. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission of call release message by MGCF due to autonomous call releases (see 3GPP TS 29.163 [11]). + +NOTE: MGCF sends call release message to CS network and IM CN subsystem respectively for one call, just count once. + +- d) 8 single integer values. +- e) CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.484Imgecf +CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.480Imgecf +CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.488Imgecf +CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.500Imgecf +CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.CotOmgecf +CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.47Omgecf +CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.IsupBiccOmgecf +CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.SipOmgecf. + +The corresponding scenario for these 2 measurements are: + +| | | +|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.484Imgecf | I-MGCF initiates call release by sending SIP 484 Address Incomplete. | +| CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.480Imgecf | I-MGCF initiates call release by sending SIP 480 Temporarily Unavailable. | +| CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.488Imgecf | I-MGCF initiates call release by sending SIP 488 Not Acceptable Here. | +| CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.500Imgecf | I-MGCF initiates call release by sending SIP 500 Server Internal Error. | +| CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.CotOmgecf | O-MGCF initiates call release on reception of COT with the Continuity Indicators parameter set to " continuity check failed " or expiry of ISUP/BICC T8. | +| CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.47Omgecf | O-MGCF initiates call release by sending ISUP/BICC "REL" with cause value (resource unavailable or unspecified). | +| CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.IsupBiccOmgecf | O-MGCF initiates call release by ISUP/BICC procedure. | +| CC.RelCallsMgcfInit.SipOmgecf | O-MGCF initiates call release by SIP procedure. | + +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.3.5 Call release initiated by MGW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of call release initiated by MGW. The measurement is split into subcounters per H248 error code and H248 service change reason. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MGCF of a H248 message which triggers call release (see ITU-T Recommendation H.248.1 [20]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) CC.RelCallsMgwInit.Cause. +Where *Cause* identifies the H248 error code or H248 service change reason.(see ITU-T Recommendation H.248.8 [21]). +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.4 Number of simultaneous online and answered calls (Maximum) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of simultaneous online calls which have been answered in the MGCF. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online calls which have been answered and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.NbrAnsCallMax. +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.4.1.5 Number of simultaneous online and answered calls (mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of simultaneous online calls which have been answered in the MGCF. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online calls which have been answered and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CC.NbrAnsCallMean. +- f) MGCFFunction. +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.5 Measurements related to IM-MGW + +The measurements related to IM-MGW is the same with CS MGW defined in 3GPP TS 32.407[29]. + +## 4.6 Measurements related to MRFC + +### 4.6.1 Session control related measurements + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.6.1.1, 4.6.1.2 and 4.6.1.4 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.6.1.1 Attempted session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments at MRFC. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MRFC of an initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSession. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.1.2 Successful session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful session establishments at the MRFC. The measurement is split into subcounters per message type (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating the successful session establishments. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a response message (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating a successful session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each successful session is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful session establishments. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) SC.SuccSession.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +SC.SuccSession.180 Message type: SIP\_180 + +SC.SuccSession.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been sent for this session. + +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.1.3 Answered session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered session establishments at the MRFC. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a SIP\_200\_OK response message corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AnsSession. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.1.4 Failed session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed session establishments at the MRFC. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a response message (e.g. SIP\_430) indicating a failed session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each failed session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed session establishments. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of status codes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.FailSession.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the status code. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.6.2 Multi-party sessions related measurements + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.6.2.1, 4.6.2.2 and 4.6.2.4 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.6.2.5, 4.6.2.6 and 4.6.2.7 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.6.2.1 Attempted session establishments for multi-party sessions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments for multi-party sessions at MRFC. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MRFC of an initial SIP\_INVITE message for the multi-party sessions service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttMultipartSession. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. + +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.2.2 Successful session establishments for multi-party sessions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful session establishments for multi-party sessions at the MRFC. The measurement is split into subcounters per message type (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating the successful session establishments for multi-party sessions. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a response message (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating a successful session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message for the multi-party sessions service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each successful session is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful session establishments for multi-party sessions. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) SC.SuccMultipartySession.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +SC.SuccSession.180 Message type: SIP\_180 + +SC.SuccSession.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been sent for this session. + +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.2.3 Answered session establishments for multi-party sessions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered session establishments for multi-party sessions at the MRFC. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a SIP\_200\_OK response message corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages for the multi-party sessions service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AnsMultipartySession. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.2.4 Failed session establishments for multi-party sessions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed session establishments for multi-party sessions at the MRFC. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a response message (e.g. SIP\_430) indicating a failed session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message for the multi-party session service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each failed session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed session establishments for the + +multi-party sessions. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of status codes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.FailMultipartySession.Cause where *Cause* identifies the status code. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.2.5 Attempted event subscription procedures for multi-party sessions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted event subscription procedures for multi-party sessions at MRFC. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MRFC of a SIP\_SUBSCRIBE message for the multi-party sessions service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7] and RFC3265[22]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSubscribe. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.2.6 Successful event subscription procedures for multi-party sessions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful event subscription procedures for multi-party sessions at MRFC. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a SIP\_200\_OK message corresponding to the SIP\_SUBSCRIBE message for the multi-party sessions service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7] and RFC3265[22]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.SuccSubscribe. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.2.7 Failed event subscription procedures for multi-party sessions + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed event subscription procedures for multi-party sessions at MRFC. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a response message (e.g. SIP\_430) indicating a failed event subscription procedure corresponding to the initial SIP\_SUBSCRIBE message for the multi-party session service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7] and RFC3265[22]), each failed event subscription procedures is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed event subscription procedures for the multi-party sessions. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of status codes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.FailSubscribe.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the status code. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.3 Announcement service related measurements + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.6.3.1, 4.6.3.2 and 4.6.3.4 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.6.3.1 Attempted session establishments for announcements + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments for announcements at MRFC. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MRFC of an initial SIP\_INVITE message for the announcement service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttAnnounce. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.6.3.2 Successful session establishments for announcements + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful session establishments for announcements at the MRFC. The measurement is split into subcounters per message type (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating the successful session establishments for announcements. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a response message (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating a successful session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message for the announcement service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each successful session is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful session establishments for announcements. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) SC.SuccAnnounce.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +SC.SuccSession.180            Message type: SIP\_180 + +SC.SuccSession.200            Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been sent for this session. + +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.3.3            Answered session establishments for announcements + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered session establishments for announcements at the MRFC. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a SIP\_200\_OK response message corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages for the announcement service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AnsAnnounce. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.3.4            Failed session establishments for announcements + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed session establishments for announcements at the MRFC. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a response message (e.g. SIP\_430) indicating a failed session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message for the announcement service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each failed session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed session establishments for the announcements. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of status codes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.FailAnnounce.*Cause* +where *Cause* identifies the status code. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.6.4 Transcoding service related measurements + +The measurements defined in subclauses 4.6.4.1, 4.6.4.2 and 4.6.4.4 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +### 4.6.4.1 Attempted session establishments for transcoding service + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments for transcoding service at MRFC. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MRFC of an initial SIP\_INVITE message for the transcoding service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttTranscoding. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.6.4.2 Successful session establishments for transcoding service + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful session establishments for transcoding service at the MRFC. The measurement is split into subcounters per message type (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating the successful session establishments for transcoding service. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a response message (e.g. SIP\_180) indicating a successful session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message for the transcoding service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each successful session is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful session establishments for transcoding service. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) SC.SuccTranscoding.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +SC.SuccSession.180 Message type: SIP\_180 + +SC.SuccSession.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been sent for this session. + +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.4.3 Answered session establishments for transcoding service + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered session establishments for transcoding service at the MRFC. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a SIP\_200\_OK response message corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages for the transcoding service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AnsTranscoding. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.6.4.4 Failed session establishments for transcoding service + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed session establishments for transcoding service at the MRFC. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFC of a response message (e.g. SIP\_430) indicating a failed session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message for the transcoding service (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each failed session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed session establishments for the transcoding service. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of status codes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.FailTranscoding.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the status code. +- f) MRFCFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.7 Measurements related to MRFP + +### 4.7.1 RTP related measurements + +Performance Measurement definitions in this subclause are only valid if the RTP protocol is used at the MRFP. + +#### 4.7.1.1 Number of incoming RTP packets + +- a) This measurement provides the number of incoming RTP packets at MRFP. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the MRFP of a RTP packet (see RFC 3550 [23]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RTP.IncPacket. +- f) MRFPFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.7.1.2 Number of outgoing RTP packets + +- a) This measurement provides the number of outgoing RTP packets at MRFP. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the MRFP of a RTP packet (see RFC 3550 [23]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RTP.OutgPacket. +- f) MRFPFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.7.1.3 Number of octets of incoming RTP packets + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of incoming RTP packets at MRFP. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the number of incoming RTP packet octets (bytes) on receipt by the MRFP of a RTP packet (see RFC 3550 [23]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RTP.IncOctet. +- f) MRFPFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.7.1.4 Number of octets of outgoing RTP packets + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of outgoing RTP packets at MRFP. +- b) DER (n=1). + +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the number of outgoing RTP packet octets (bytes) on transmission by the MRFP of a RTP packet (see RFC 3550 [23]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RTP.OutgOctet. +- f) MRFPFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.7.1.5 Number of lost incoming RTP packets + +- a) This measurement provides the number of lost incoming RTP packets. +- b) CC. +- c) On detection of loss of an incoming RTP packet by the MRFP (see RFC 3550 [23]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RTP.LostIncPacket. +- f) MRFPFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.8 Void + +## 4.9 Measurements related to SLF + +### 4.9.1 All routing information interrogations related measurements + +#### 4.9.1.1 Attempted routing information interrogation procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of all routing information interrogation requests received by the SLF via all diameter application interfaces. The diameter interfaces can be Dx interface, Dh interface or Dw interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the SLF of a routing information interrogation request diameter message from all diameter interfaces (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7] and RFC 3588[15]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RII.AttAll. +- f) SLFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.9.1.2 Successful routing information interrogation procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of all successful routing information interrogation responses sent by the SLF via all diameter application interfaces. The diameter interfaces can be Dx interface, Dh interface or Dw interface. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the SLF of a routing information interrogation response diameter message with the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER\_REDIRECT\_INDICATION via all diameter interfaces, indicating a successful routing information interrogation (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7] and RFC 3588 [15]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RII.SuccAll +- f) SLFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.9.2 Routing information interrogation from CSCF related measurements + +### 4.9.2.1 Overview + +The performance measurements defined in subclause 4.9.2 are related to routing information interrogations at the SLF from CSCF. + +![Sequence diagram showing the routing information interrogation procedure from CSCF. The diagram is titled 'Home Network' and includes three lifelines: CSCF, SLF, and HSS. The sequence starts with a 'DX_SLF_QUERY' message from CSCF to SLF. The SLF then performs an 'SLF database lookup'. Finally, a 'DX_SLF_RESP' message is sent from SLF back to CSCF.](efb282bed9f06eef1987a14fb27bc599_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant CSCF + participant SLF + participant HSS + Note over CSCF, SLF, HSS: Home Network + CSCF->>SLF: DX_SLF_QUERY + SLF->>SLF: SLF database lookup + SLF-->>CSCF: DX_SLF_RESP +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the routing information interrogation procedure from CSCF. The diagram is titled 'Home Network' and includes three lifelines: CSCF, SLF, and HSS. The sequence starts with a 'DX\_SLF\_QUERY' message from CSCF to SLF. The SLF then performs an 'SLF database lookup'. Finally, a 'DX\_SLF\_RESP' message is sent from SLF back to CSCF. + +**Figure 18: Routing information interrogation procedure from CSCF** + +### 4.9.2.2 Attempted routing information interrogation procedures from CSCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of routing information interrogation requests received from CSCF by the SLF. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the SLF of a DX\_SLF\_QUERY message from CSCF via Dx interface (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RII.AttFromCSCF. +- f) SLFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.9.2.3 Successful routing information interrogation procedures from CSCF + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful routing information interrogation responses sent to CSCF by the SLF. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the SLF of a DX\_SLF\_RESP message with the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER\_REDIRECT\_INDICATION to CSCF via Dx interface (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7] and RFC 3588[15]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RII.SuccFromCSCF. +- f) SLFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.9.3 Routing information interrogation from AS related measurements + +### 4.9.3.1 Overview + +The performance measurements defined in subclause 4.9.3 are related to routing information interrogations at the SLF from AS. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the routing information interrogation procedure from AS. The diagram shows three lifelines: AS, SLF, and HSS, all contained within a 'Home network' box. The sequence of messages is: 1. AS sends a DH_SLF_QUERY message to SLF. 2. SLF performs an 'SLF database lookup'. 3. SLF sends a DH_SLF_RESP message back to AS. 4. SLF sends a SH_PULL/SH_UPDATE/SH_SUBS_NOTIF message to HSS.](4537891530c9f6f139a2e1ebf544edc4_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant AS + participant SLF + participant HSS + Note over AS, SLF, HSS: Home network + AS->>SLF: DH_SLF_QUERY + SLF->>SLF: SLF database lookup + SLF-->>AS: DH_SLF_RESP + SLF->>HSS: SH_PULL/SH_UPDATE/SH_SUBS_NOTIF + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the routing information interrogation procedure from AS. The diagram shows three lifelines: AS, SLF, and HSS, all contained within a 'Home network' box. The sequence of messages is: 1. AS sends a DH\_SLF\_QUERY message to SLF. 2. SLF performs an 'SLF database lookup'. 3. SLF sends a DH\_SLF\_RESP message back to AS. 4. SLF sends a SH\_PULL/SH\_UPDATE/SH\_SUBS\_NOTIF message to HSS. + +Figure 19: Routing information interrogation procedure from AS + +### 4.9.3.2 Attempted routing information interrogation procedures from AS + +- This measurement provides the number of routing information interrogations requests received from AS by the SLF. +- CC. +- On receipt by the SLF of a DH\_SLF\_QUERY message from AS via Dh interface (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- A single integer value. +- RII.AttFromAS. +- SLFFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- IMS. + +### 4.9.3.3 Successful routing information interrogation procedures from AS + +- This measurement provides the number of successful routing information interrogation responses sent to AS by the SLF. +- CC. +- On transmission by the SLF of a DH\_SLF\_RESP message with the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER\_REDIRECT\_INDICATION to AS via Dh interface (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7] and RFC 3588[15]). +- A single integer value. +- RII.SuccFromAS. +- SLFFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.10 Measurements related to AS + +### 4.10.1 Session control related measurements + +#### 4.10.1.1 IM CN originated session establishments + +For the IM CN originated session establishments AS may act as terminating UA, redirect server, a SIP proxy, routing B2BUA or initiating B2BUA. See 3GPP TS 24.229 [8] or 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]. The measurements defined in subclauses 4.10.1.1.1, 4.10.1.1.2 and 4.10.1.1.4 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.10.1.1.1 Attempted IM CN originated session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments originated from the IM CN. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the AS of an initial SIP\_INVITE message from the IM CN (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSessionImOrig. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.10.1.1.2 Successful IM CN originated session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful session establishments originated from the IM CN. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the AS of the first response message (e.g. SIP\_180, SIP\_200 or SIP\_302 etc. relating with the role of the AS) indicating a successful IM CN originated session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message, each successful session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful IM CN originated session establishments. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) SC.SuccSessionImOrig.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +SC.SuccSession.180 Message type: SIP\_180 + +SC.SuccSession.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been sent for this session. + +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.10.1.1.3 Answered IM CN originated session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of answered session establishments originated from the IM CN. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the AS of a SIP\_200\_OK response message indicating an answered IM CN originated session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AnsSessionImOrig. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.1.1.4 Failed IM CN originated session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed session establishments originated from the IM CN. The measurement is split into subcounters per response status codes. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the AS of a response message (e.g. SIP\_430) indicating a failed session establishment originated from the IM CN corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE messages (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]), each failed session establishment originated from the IM CN is added to the relevant measurement according to the status code. The sum of all supported per status code measurements shall equal the total number of failed session establishments. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form SC.FailSessionImOrig.Cause where *Cause* identifies the status code. (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8] and RFC3261 [34]) +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.1.2 AS originated session establishments + +For the AS originated session establishments, AS may act as originating UA, routeing B2BUA or initiating B2BUA. See 3GPP TS 24.229 [8] or 3GPP TS 23.228[7]. The measurements defined in subclauses 4.10.1.2.1, 4.10.1.2.2 and 4.10.1.2.4 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.10.1.2.1 Attempted AS originated session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments originated from the AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the AS of an initial SIP\_INVITE message indicating the AS originated session establishment, each initial SIP\_INVITE message originated by the AS shall be counted as one attempted AS originated session establishment. + If the AS acts as originating UA, it initiates a session by sending a SIP\_INVITE message. + If the AS acts as routeing B2BUA, it terminates the request from IM CN and initiates a new session by sending a SIP\_INVITE message. + If the AS acts as initiating B2BUA, it may initiates two new sessions by sending two SIP\_INVITE messages, or initiates one new session in the case of receiving the request from the IM CN and the new session is logically connected but unrelated to the incoming request (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AttSessionAsOrig. +- f) ASFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.1.2.2 Successful AS originated session establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful session establishments originated from the AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of the first response message (e.g. SIP\_180, SIP\_200, etc.) indicating a successful AS originated session establishment corresponding to the initial SIP\_INVITE message originated by the AS, each successful session establishment is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful AS originated session establishments. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) SC.SuccSessionAsOrig.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +SC.SuccSession.180 Message type: SIP\_180 + +SC.SuccSession.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_180 has not been received for this session. + +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.10.2 Messaging service related measurements + +#### 4.10.2.1 Message related measurements, Page-Mode + +##### 4.10.2.1.1 Attempted incoming messages, Page-Mode + +- a) This measurement provides number of attempted incoming messages received by the messaging enabler with page-mode at the AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the AS (messaging enabler) of an initial SIP\_MESSAGE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MSG.AttIncMessagePM. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.10.2.1.2 Successful incoming messages, Page-Mode + +- a) This measurement provides number of successful incoming messages with page-mode at the AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the AS (messaging enabler) of a response SIP\_2XX message (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]) indicating the incoming message is successfully forwarded. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MSG.SuccIncMessagePM. + +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.2.1.3 Attempted outgoing messages, Page-Mode + +- a) This measurement provides number of attempted outgoing messages transmitted by the messaging enabler with page-mode at the AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the AS (messaging enabler) of a SIP\_MESSAGE message (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MSG.AttOutMessagePM. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.2.1.4 Successful outgoing messages, Page-Mode + +- a) This measurement provides number of successful outgoing messages transmitted by the messaging enabler with page-mode at the AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the AS (messaging enabler) of a response SIP\_2XX message (see 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]) indicating the message transmitted by the AS is successfully processed. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MSG.SuccOutMessagePM. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.2.2 Message related measurements, Session-Mode + +##### 4.10.2.2.1 Overview + +The performance measurements defined in this subclause are related to message sending with session mode. The following procedure shows the session based messaging with an intermediate AS node. See 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating session-based messaging with an intermediate AS node scenario. The diagram shows interactions between UE #1, P-CSCF, S-CSCF, and AS. The process involves INVITE (SDP offer) messages, Service Control, 200 OK (offer response) messages, ACK messages, and the establishment of message exchange connections.](5cf80bac69830ea773ac17c87e0ae24d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE #1 + participant P-CSCF + participant S-CSCF + participant AS + + Note right of S-CSCF: 3.Service Control + Note right of P-CSCF: 14. Authorize QoS resources + + UE #1->>P-CSCF: 1. INVITE (SDP offer) + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 2. INVITE (SDP offer) + S-CSCF->>AS: 4. INVITE (SDP offer) + AS->>S-CSCF: 5. INVITE (SDP offer) + S-CSCF->>AS: 6. INVITE (SDP offer) + AS->>S-CSCF: 7. 200 OK (offer response) + S-CSCF->>AS: 8. 200 OK (offer response) + AS->>S-CSCF: 9. Ack + S-CSCF->>AS: 10. ACK + AS->>S-CSCF: 11. Establish message exchange connection + S-CSCF->>AS: 12. 200 OK (offer response) + AS->>S-CSCF: 13. 200 OK (offer response) + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 13. 200 OK (offer response) + P-CSCF->>UE #1: 15. 200 OK (offer response) + UE #1->>P-CSCF: 16. ACK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 17. ACK + S-CSCF->>AS: 18. ACK + UE #1->>AS: 19. Establish message exchange connection + UE #1->>AS: 20. Send message + AS->>AS: 21. Send message + AS->>UE #1: 22. Message Ok + UE #1->>AS: 23. Message Ok + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating session-based messaging with an intermediate AS node scenario. The diagram shows interactions between UE #1, P-CSCF, S-CSCF, and AS. The process involves INVITE (SDP offer) messages, Service Control, 200 OK (offer response) messages, ACK messages, and the establishment of message exchange connections. + +**Figure 20: Session based messaging with an intermediate AS node scenario** + +#### 4.10.2.2.2 Attempted messaging session establishments, Session Mode + +- This measurement provides number of attempted messaging session establishments for the two participants received by the messaging enabler with session-mode at the AS. +- CC. +- On receipt by the AS (messaging enabler) of an initial SIP\_INVITE message initiated by a participant which requests to establish sessions just for the two participants for the messaging service (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- A single integer value. +- MSG.AttSessionSM. +- ASFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- IMS. + +#### 4.10.2.2.3 Successful messaging session establishments, Session-Mode + +- This measurement provides number of successful messaging session establishments by the messaging enabler for the two participants with session-mode at the AS. +- CC. + +- c) On transmission by the AS (messaging enabler) of a SIP\_200\_OK message indicating a successful messaging session establishment for the two participants of Messaging Service (see 3GPP TS 29.228 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) MSG.SuccSessionSM. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.10.3 Conference service related measurements + +### 4.10.3.1 Overview + +The performance measurements defined in this subclause are related to the conference service (see 3GPP TS 24.147 [24]). + +The following procedures are of interest for this purpose: + +- User creating a conference; +- User joining a conference; +- AS inviting a user to a conference; +- User subscribing to the conference event package. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction for creating a conference. Lifelines: UE#1, P-CSCF (Visited Network); S-CSCF, MRFC/AS, MRFP (Home Network). The process involves INVITE, 100 Trying, Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria, 183 Session Progress, PRACK, Resource Reservation, 200 OK, UPDATE, and ACK messages.](f61d0925551545b5938b3a4d1bbf63c3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE#1 + participant P-CSCF + participant S-CSCF + participant MRFC/AS + participant MRFP + + Note left of S-CSCF: Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria + Note right of MRFC/AS: Allocate Conference URI + Note right of MRFC/AS: H.248 interaction to create conference connection resources for UE#1 + Note left of UE#1: Resource Reservation + Note right of MRFC/AS: H.248 interaction to modify conference connection resources for UE#1 + Note right of MRFC/AS: H.248 interaction to connect through conference connection resources for UE#1 + Note left of UE#1: Approval of QoS Commit + + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 1. INVITE + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 2. 100 Trying + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 3. INVITE + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 4. 100 Trying + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 6. INVITE + MRFC/AS-->>S-CSCF: 7. 100 Trying + MRFC/AS->>MRFP: 8. Allocate Conference URI + MRFC/AS->>MRFP: 9. H.248 interaction to create conference connection resources for UE#1 + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 10. 183 Session Progress + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 11. 183 Session Progress + P-CSCF->>UE#1: 13. 183 Session Progress + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 14. PRACK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 16. PRACK + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 17. PRACK + MRFC/AS-->>S-CSCF: 18. 200 OK + MRFC/AS->>MRFP: 19. H.248 interaction to modify conference connection resources for UE#1 + MRFC/AS->>MRFP: 26. H.248 interaction to connect through conference connection resources for UE#1 + MRFC/AS-->>S-CSCF: 29. 200 OK + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 20. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 21. 200 OK + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 22. UPDATE + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 23. UPDATE + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 24. UPDATE + MRFC/AS-->>S-CSCF: 25. 200 OK + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 27. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 28. 200 OK + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 30. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 32. 200 OK + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 33. ACK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 34. ACK + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 35. ACK + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction for creating a conference. Lifelines: UE#1, P-CSCF (Visited Network); S-CSCF, MRFC/AS, MRFP (Home Network). The process involves INVITE, 100 Trying, Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria, 183 Session Progress, PRACK, Resource Reservation, 200 OK, UPDATE, and ACK messages. + +Figure 21: User automatically creating a conference - MRFC/AS is located in user's home network + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, P-CSCF, S-CSCF, I-CSCF, MRFC/AS, and MRFP across three network domains: Visited Network, Home Network, and Conference AS home network. The process involves INVITE, 100 Trying, PRACK, 200 OK, UPDATE, and ACK messages, with internal steps for filter criteria evaluation, PSI location query, conference URI allocation, and H.248 resource management.](3750b0149a6380885998ab3ca6a8787c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE#1 + participant P-CSCF + participant S-CSCF + participant I-CSCF + participant MRFC/AS + participant MRFP + + Note left of P-CSCF: Visited Network + Note left of S-CSCF: Home Network + Note left of MRFC/AS: Conference AS home network + + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 1. INVITE + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 2. 100 Trying + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 3. INVITE + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 4. 100 Trying + Note right of S-CSCF: 5. Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 6. INVITE + I-CSCF-->>S-CSCF: 7. 100 Trying + Note right of I-CSCF: 8. PSI location query + I-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 9. INVITE + MRFC/AS-->>I-CSCF: 10. 100 Trying + Note right of MRFC/AS: 11. Allocate Conference URI + Note right of MRFC/AS: 12. H.248 interaction to create conference connection resources for UE#1 + MRFC/AS->>I-CSCF: 13. 183 Session Progress + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 14. 183 Session Progress + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 15. 183 Session Progress + Note right of P-CSCF: 16. Authorize QoS resources + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 17. 183 Session Progress + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 18. PRACK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 20. PRACK + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 21. PRACK + I-CSCF-->>MRFC/AS: 22. 200 OK + Note right of MRFC/AS: 23. H.248 interaction to modify conference connection resources for UE#1 + MRFC/AS->>I-CSCF: 28. UPDATE + I-CSCF-->>S-CSCF: 29. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 31. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 32. 200 OK + Note right of MRFC/AS: 30. H.248 interaction to connect through conference connection resources for UE#1 + MRFC/AS-->>I-CSCF: 33. 200 OK + I-CSCF-->>S-CSCF: 34. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 35. 200 OK + Note right of P-CSCF: 36. Approval of QoS Commit + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 37. 200 OK + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 38. ACK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 39. ACK + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 40. ACK + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, P-CSCF, S-CSCF, I-CSCF, MRFC/AS, and MRFP across three network domains: Visited Network, Home Network, and Conference AS home network. The process involves INVITE, 100 Trying, PRACK, 200 OK, UPDATE, and ACK messages, with internal steps for filter criteria evaluation, PSI location query, conference URI allocation, and H.248 resource management. + +Figure 22: User automatically creating a conference - MRFC/AS is not located in user's home network + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, P-CSCF, S-CSCF, I-CSCF, HSS, MRFC/AS, and MRFP for a conference call setup. The diagram is divided into three network domains: Visited Network (UE#1, P-CSCF), UE#1 Home Network (S-CSCF), and MRFC/AS Home Network (I-CSCF, HSS, MRFC/AS, MRFP). The process involves INVITE, 100 Trying, Session Progress, PRACK, 200 OK, UPDATE, and ACK messages, with H.248 interactions for resource management.](38d82ffe820e339811b396206f40a201_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE#1 + participant P-CSCF + participant S-CSCF + participant I-CSCF + participant HSS + participant MRFC/AS + participant MRFP + + Note left of S-CSCF: 5. Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria + + Note right of MRFC/AS: 11. H.248 interaction to create conference connection resources for UE#1 + + Note right of MRFC/AS: 23. H.248 interaction to modify conference connection resources for UE#1 + + Note right of MRFC/AS: 32. H.248 interaction to connect through conference connection resources for UE#1 + + Note left of P-CSCF: 15. Authorize QoS resources + + Note left of P-CSCF: 18. Resource Reservation + + Note left of P-CSCF: 39. Approval of QoS Commit + + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 1. INVITE + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 2. 100 Trying + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 3. INVITE + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 4. 100 Trying + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 6. INVITE + I-CSCF-->>S-CSCF: 7. 100 Trying + I-CSCF->>HSS: 8. PSI location query + I-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 9. INVITE + MRFC/AS-->>I-CSCF: 10. 100 Trying + MRFC/AS->>I-CSCF: 12. 183 Session Progress + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 13. 183 Session Progress + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 14. 183 Session Progress + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 16. 183 Session Progress + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 17. PRACK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 19. PRACK + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 20. PRACK + I-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 21. PRACK + MRFC/AS-->>I-CSCF: 22. 200 OK + I-CSCF-->>S-CSCF: 24. 200 OK + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 25. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 26. 200 OK + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 27. UPDATE + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 28. UPDATE + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 29. UPDATE + I-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 30. UPDATE + MRFC/AS-->>I-CSCF: 31. 200 OK + I-CSCF-->>S-CSCF: 33. 200 OK + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 34. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 35. 200 OK + MRFC/AS->>I-CSCF: 36. 200 OK + I-CSCF-->>S-CSCF: 37. 200 OK + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 38. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 40. 200 OK + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 41. ACK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 42. ACK + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 43. ACK + I-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 44. ACK + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, P-CSCF, S-CSCF, I-CSCF, HSS, MRFC/AS, and MRFP for a conference call setup. The diagram is divided into three network domains: Visited Network (UE#1, P-CSCF), UE#1 Home Network (S-CSCF), and MRFC/AS Home Network (I-CSCF, HSS, MRFC/AS, MRFP). The process involves INVITE, 100 Trying, Session Progress, PRACK, 200 OK, UPDATE, and ACK messages, with H.248 interactions for resource management. + +Figure 23: User calling into a conference - network MRFC/AS is not located in user's home network - conference URI resolved by the terminating home network + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, P-CSCF, S-CSCF, MRFC/AS, and MRFP across three networks: Visited Network, UE#1 Home Network, and MRFC/AS Home Network. The process involves INVITE, 100 Trying, 183 Session Progress, PRACK, 200 OK, UPDATE, and ACK messages, with internal steps for filter criteria evaluation, QoS resource authorization, and H.248 interactions for conference resource creation and modification.](11f18bf0233d812ad2604f88f3385d60_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE#1 + participant P-CSCF + participant S-CSCF + participant MRFC/AS + participant MRFP + + Note left of P-CSCF: Visited Network + Note left of S-CSCF: UE#1 Home Network + Note left of MRFC/AS: MRFC/AS Home Network + + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 1. INVITE + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 2. 100 Trying + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 3. INVITE + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 4. 100 Trying + S-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 5. Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 6. INVITE + MRFC/AS-->>S-CSCF: 7. 100 Trying + MRFC/AS->>MRFP: 8. H.248 interaction to create conference connection resources for UE#1 + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 9. 183 Session Progress + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 10. 183 Session Progress + P-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 11. Authorize QoS resources + P-CSCF->>UE#1: 12. 183 Session Progress + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 13. PRACK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 15. PRACK + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 16. PRACK + MRFC/AS->>MRFP: 17. 200 OK + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 17. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 19. 200 OK + P-CSCF->>UE#1: 20. 200 OK + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 21. UPDATE + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 22. UPDATE + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 23. UPDATE + MRFC/AS->>MRFP: 24. 200 OK + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 24. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 26. 200 OK + P-CSCF->>UE#1: 27. 200 OK + MRFC/AS->>MRFP: 18. H.248 interaction to modify conference connection resources for UE#1 + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 28. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 29. 200 OK + P-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 30. Approval of QoS Commit + P-CSCF->>UE#1: 31. 200 OK + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 32. ACK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 33. ACK + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 34. ACK + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, P-CSCF, S-CSCF, MRFC/AS, and MRFP across three networks: Visited Network, UE#1 Home Network, and MRFC/AS Home Network. The process involves INVITE, 100 Trying, 183 Session Progress, PRACK, 200 OK, UPDATE, and ACK messages, with internal steps for filter criteria evaluation, QoS resource authorization, and H.248 interactions for conference resource creation and modification. + +Figure 24: User calling into a conference - MRFC/AS is not located in user's home network - conference URI can be resolved by the originating home network + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, P-CSCF#1, S-CSCF#1, and MRFC/AS for inviting a user to a conference.](1e5a58dcaf0936bf18dc3dd0d9cd43ff_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE#1 + participant P-CSCF#1 + participant S-CSCF#1 + participant MRFC/AS + + Note over UE#1, MRFC/AS: 1. UE#1 creates a conference + UE#1->>P-CSCF#1: 2. REFER + P-CSCF#1->>S-CSCF#1: 3. REFER + Note over S-CSCF#1: 4. Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria + S-CSCF#1->>MRFC/AS: 5. REFER + MRFC/AS-->>S-CSCF#1: 6. 202 Accepted + Note over MRFC/AS: 7. Invite user to conference. + MRFC/AS-->>S-CSCF#1: 8. 202 Accepted + S-CSCF#1-->>P-CSCF#1: 9. 202 Accepted + P-CSCF#1-->>UE#1: 10. NOTIFY + S-CSCF#1-->>P-CSCF#1: 11. NOTIFY + P-CSCF#1-->>UE#1: 12. NOTIFY + UE#1->>P-CSCF#1: 13. 200 OK + P-CSCF#1->>S-CSCF#1: 14. 200 OK + S-CSCF#1->>MRFC/AS: 15. 200 OK + Note over MRFC/AS: 16. Referred user joins the conference. + MRFC/AS-->>S-CSCF#1: 17. NOTIFY + S-CSCF#1-->>P-CSCF#1: 18. NOTIFY + P-CSCF#1-->>UE#1: 19. NOTIFY + UE#1->>P-CSCF#1: 20. 200 OK + P-CSCF#1->>S-CSCF#1: 21. 200 OK + S-CSCF#1->>MRFC/AS: 22. 200 OK +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interaction between a User Equipment (UE#1) in a Visited Network and network elements in the UE#1 Home Network (P-CSCF#1, S-CSCF#1, and MRFC/AS) to invite a user to a conference. The process begins with UE#1 creating a conference (Step 1). UE#1 sends a REFER request to P-CSCF#1 (Step 2), which is forwarded to S-CSCF#1 (Step 3). S-CSCF#1 evaluates initial filter criteria (Step 4) and sends a REFER request to MRFC/AS (Step 5). MRFC/AS responds with a 202 Accepted (Step 6) and invites the user to the conference (Step 7). MRFC/AS sends another 202 Accepted (Step 8) to S-CSCF#1, which in turn sends it to P-CSCF#1 (Step 9) and then to UE#1 (Step 10). S-CSCF#1 also sends a NOTIFY to P-CSCF#1 (Step 11), which is forwarded to UE#1 (Step 12). UE#1 responds with a 200 OK (Step 13), which is forwarded through P-CSCF#1 (Step 14), S-CSCF#1 (Step 15), and MRFC/AS (Step 16). After the referred user joins the conference (Step 16), MRFC/AS sends a NOTIFY to S-CSCF#1 (Step 17), which is forwarded through P-CSCF#1 (Step 18) to UE#1 (Step 19). UE#1 responds with a 200 OK (Step 20), which is forwarded through P-CSCF#1 (Step 21) and S-CSCF#1 (Step 22) to MRFC/AS. + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, P-CSCF#1, S-CSCF#1, and MRFC/AS for inviting a user to a conference. + +Figure 25: User inviting another user to a conference by sending a REFER request to MRFC/AS + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1 Home Network, UE#2 Home Network, and UE#2 Visited Network for a conference invitation. The diagram includes lifelines for MRFC/AS, I-CSCF, S-CSCF, P-CSCF, and UE#2. The process involves INVITE, 100 Trying, HSS query, Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria, 183 Session Progress, PRACK, H.248 interactions, UPDATE, 200 OK, and ACK messages.](d2417b04116c354deccb25d98a84a0fb_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MRFC/AS + participant I-CSCF + participant S-CSCF + participant P-CSCF + participant UE#2 + + Note left of MRFC/AS: UE#1 Home Network + Note left of I-CSCF: UE#2 Home Network + Note left of P-CSCF: UE#2 Visited Network + + MRFC/AS->>I-CSCF: 1. INVITE + I-CSCF-->>MRFC/AS: 2. 100 Trying + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 3.HSS query + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 4. INVITE + S-CSCF-->>I-CSCF: 5. 100 Trying + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 6. Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 7. INVITE + P-CSCF-->>S-CSCF: 8. 100 Trying + P-CSCF->>UE#2: 9. INVITE + UE#2-->>P-CSCF: 10. 100 Trying + UE#2-->>P-CSCF: 11. 183 Session Progress + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 12. Authorize QoS resources + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 13. 183 Session Progress + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 14. 183 Session Progress + I-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 15. 183 Session Progress + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 16. PRACK + MRFC/AS->>MRFC/AS: 17. H.248 interaction to create conference connection resources for UE#2 + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 18. PRACK + P-CSCF->>UE#2: 19. PRACK + UE#2-->>P-CSCF: 20. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>S-CSCF: 21. 200 OK + MRFC/AS-->>I-CSCF: 22. 200 OK + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 23. UPDATE + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 24. UPDATE + P-CSCF->>UE#2: 25. UPDATE + UE#2-->>P-CSCF: 26. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>S-CSCF: 27. 200 OK + MRFC/AS-->>I-CSCF: 28. 200 OK + MRFC/AS->>MRFC/AS: 29. H.248 interaction to connect through the conference resources for UE#2 + UE#2-->>P-CSCF: 30. 200 OK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 31. Approval of QoS commit + S-CSCF-->>I-CSCF: 32. 200 OK + I-CSCF-->>MRFC/AS: 33. 200 OK + MRFC/AS-->>I-CSCF: 34. 200 OK + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 35. ACK + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 36. ACK + P-CSCF->>UE#2: 37. ACK + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1 Home Network, UE#2 Home Network, and UE#2 Visited Network for a conference invitation. The diagram includes lifelines for MRFC/AS, I-CSCF, S-CSCF, P-CSCF, and UE#2. The process involves INVITE, 100 Trying, HSS query, Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria, 183 Session Progress, PRACK, H.248 interactions, UPDATE, 200 OK, and ACK messages. + +Figure 26: MRFC/AS inviting a user to a conference - MRFC/AS routes directly to I-CSCF + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between MRFC/AS, S-CSCF, I-CSCF, P-CSCF, and UE#2 for inviting a user to a conference. The diagram is divided into three network domains: MRFC/AS network, UE#2 Home Network, and UE#2 Visited Network. The process involves REFER, HSS query, 202 Accepted, NOTIFY, and 200 OK messages, culminating in UE#2 joining the conference.](18003425d0e8638dde4acc9c5c468c5c_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MRFC/AS + participant S-CSCF as S-CSCF + participant I-CSCF + participant S-CSCF as S-CSCF + participant P-CSCF + participant UE#2 + + Note left of MRFC/AS: MRFC/AS network + Note left of I-CSCF: UE#2 Home Network + Note left of P-CSCF: UE#2 Visited Network + + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 1. REFER + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 2. REFER + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 3. HSS query + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 4. REFER + S-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 5. Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 6. REFER + P-CSCF->>UE#2: 7. REFER + UE#2->>P-CSCF: 8. 202 Accepted + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 9. 202 Accepted + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 10. 202 Accepted + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 11. 202 Accepted + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 12. 202 Accepted + P-CSCF->>UE#2: 13. NOTIFY + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 14. NOTIFY + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 15. NOTIFY + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 16. NOTIFY + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 17. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 18. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 19. 200 OK + P-CSCF->>UE#2: 20. 200 OK + + Note right of MRFC/AS: 21 UE#2 joins conference + + UE#2->>P-CSCF: 22. NOTIFY + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 23. NOTIFY + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 24. NOTIFY + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 25. NOTIFY + MRFC/AS->>S-CSCF: 26. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 27. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 28. 200 OK + P-CSCF->>UE#2: 29. 200 OK +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between MRFC/AS, S-CSCF, I-CSCF, P-CSCF, and UE#2 for inviting a user to a conference. The diagram is divided into three network domains: MRFC/AS network, UE#2 Home Network, and UE#2 Visited Network. The process involves REFER, HSS query, 202 Accepted, NOTIFY, and 200 OK messages, culminating in UE#2 joining the conference. + +Figure 27: MRFC/AS inviting another user to a conference by sending a REFER request to UE#2 + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, P-CSCF, S-CSCF, and MRFC/AS for subscribing to a conference event package. The diagram illustrates the flow of messages across three network domains: Visited Network, UE#1 Home Network, and MRFC/AS Home Network. The process involves a SUBSCRIBE request from UE#1, which is routed through P-CSCF and S-CSCF to MRFC/AS. MRFC/AS performs an evaluation of initial filter criteria and returns a 200 OK response. Subsequent NOTIFY and 200 OK messages are exchanged between the entities.](0dfdff10c725fe9c332b07ade9d23a5e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE#1 + participant P-CSCF + participant S-CSCF + participant MRFC/AS + + Note right of S-CSCF: Evaluation of initial Filter Criteria + + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 1. SUBSCRIBE + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 2. SUBSCRIBE + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 4. SUBSCRIBE + MRFC/AS-->>S-CSCF: 5. 200 OK + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 6. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 7. 200 OK + MRFC/AS-->>S-CSCF: 8. NOTIFY + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 9. NOTIFY + P-CSCF-->>UE#1: 10. NOTIFY + UE#1->>P-CSCF: 11. 200 OK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 12. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>MRFC/AS: 13. 200 OK + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE#1, P-CSCF, S-CSCF, and MRFC/AS for subscribing to a conference event package. The diagram illustrates the flow of messages across three network domains: Visited Network, UE#1 Home Network, and MRFC/AS Home Network. The process involves a SUBSCRIBE request from UE#1, which is routed through P-CSCF and S-CSCF to MRFC/AS. MRFC/AS performs an evaluation of initial filter criteria and returns a 200 OK response. Subsequent NOTIFY and 200 OK messages are exchanged between the entities. + +**Figure 28: User subscribing to conference event package - MRFC/AS is not located in user's home network** + +#### 4.10.3.2 Attempted creations of conference + +- This measurement provides the number of attempted creations of conference. +- CC. +- On receipt by the Conference AS of a SIP\_INVITE message to create the conference (see 3GPP TS 24.147 [24]). +- A single integer value. +- CONF.AttCreation. +- ASFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.3 Successful creations of conference + +- This measurement provides the number of successful creations of conference. +- CC. +- On transmission by the Conference AS of a SIP\_200\_OK message indicating the conference is successfully created (see 3GPP TS 24.147 [24]). +- A single integer value. + +- e) CONF.SuccCreation. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.4 Attempted joining of conference + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted joining of conference. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the Conference AS of a SIP\_INVITE message indicating the requests by the user to join the conference (see 3GPP TS 24.147 [24]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CONF.AttJoining. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.5 Successful joining of conference + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful joining of conference. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the Conference AS of a SIP\_200\_OK message indicating the user has successfully joined the conference (see 3GPP TS 24.147 [24]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CONF.SuccJoining. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.6 Attempted invitations for another user to join conference + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted invitations for another user to join conference. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the Conference AS of a SIP\_INVITE message to invite a user to join a conference (see 3GPP TS 24.147 [24]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CONF.AttInvitation. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.7 Successful invitations for another user to join conference + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful invitations for another user to join conference. + +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the Conference AS of a response message (e.g. SIP\_183 or SIP\_200\_OK) indicating the invited user has successfully joined the conference (see 3GPP TS 24.147 [24]), each successful invitation is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful invitations. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) CONF.SuccInviJoinConf.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +CONF.SuccInvitation.183 Message type: SIP\_183 + +CONF.SuccInvitation.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK only if the SIP\_183 has not been received for this session. + +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.8 Attempted subscriptions for the conference event + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted subscriptions for the conference event. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the Conference AS of SIP\_SUBSCRIBE message initiated by the conference participant (see 3GPP TS 24.147 [24]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CONF.AttSubscription +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.9 Successful subscriptions for the conference event + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful subscriptions for the conference event. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the AS of a SIP\_200\_OK message indicating the successful subscription for the conference event, corresponding the SIP\_SUBSCRIBE request message initiated by the conference participant (see 3GPP TS 24.147 [24]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CONF.SuccSubscription. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.10 Number of simultaneous online users (Maximum) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of simultaneous online conference users. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online users on the conference and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CONF.OnlineUserMax. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.11 Number of simultaneous online conferences (Maximum) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of simultaneous online conferences. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online conferences and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CONF.OnlineConfMax. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.12 Number of simultaneous online users (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of simultaneous online users. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online users on the conference and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CONF.OnlineUserMean. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.3.13 Number of simultaneous online conferences (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of simultaneous online conferences. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online conferences and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. + +- e) CONF.OnlineConfMean. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.10.4 Presence service related measurements + +### 4.10.4.1 Number of simultaneous online watchers (Maximum) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of simultaneous online watchers at the presence enabler/AS. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online watchers which have been registered and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PRES.OnlineWatcherMax. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.10.4.2 Number of simultaneous online presentities (Maximum) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of simultaneous online presentities in the presence enabler/AS. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online presentities which have been registered and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PRES.OnlinePresentityMax. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.10.4.3 Number of simultaneous online watchers (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the number of mean number of simultaneous online watchers in the presence enabler/AS. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online watchers which have been registered and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PRES.MeanOnlineWatcher. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.10.4.4 Number of simultaneous online presentities (Mean) + +- a) This measurement provides the number of mean number of simultaneous online presentities in the presence enabler/AS. +- b) SI. + +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online presentities which have been registered and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PRES.MeanOnlinePresentity. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.4.5 Attempted subscriptions for presence + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted subscriptions received by the presence enabler/AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the AS (presence enabler) of a SIP\_SUBSCRIBE message (see 3GPP TS 23.141[25]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PRES.AttSubscribe. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.4.6 Successful subscriptions for presence + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful subscriptions at the presence enabler/AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the AS (presence enabler) of a response message (e.g. SIP\_200\_OK or SIP\_202\_Accepted) for the subscription request from the IM CN (See 3GPP TS 23.141 [25]), each successful subscription is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful subscriptions. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) PRES.SuccSubscribe. *type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: + +SC.SuccSession.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK + +SC.SuccSession.202 Message type: SIP\_202 only if the SIP\_200\_OK has not been sent for this session. + +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.4.7 Attempted notifications for presence + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted notifications sent by the presence enabler/AS. +- b) CC. + +- c) On transmission by the AS (presence enabler) of a SIP\_NOTIFY message to the IM CN (see 3GPP TS 23.141 [25]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PRES.AttNotify. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.4.8 Successful notifications for presence + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful notifications sent by the presence enabler/AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the AS (presence enabler) of a SIP\_200\_OK message indicating the successful notification corresponding to the SIP\_NOTIFY message sent by the AS (see 3GPP TS 23.141 [25]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PRES.SuccNotify. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.4.9 Attempted publications for presence + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted publications received by the presence enabler/AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the AS (presence enabler) of a SIP\_PUBLISH message (see 3GPP TS 23.141 [25]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PRES.AttPublish. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.4.10 Successful publications for presence + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful publications at the presence enabler/AS. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the AS (presence enabler) of a SIP\_200\_OK message indicating the successful publication, corresponding to received SIP\_PUBLISH message (see 3GPP TS 23.141 [25]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PRES.SuccPub. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.10.5 PoC service related measurements + +### 4.10.5.1 Attempted creations of PoC session + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted creations of PoC session. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the PoC AS of SIP\_INVITE message for creation of PoC session (see 3GPP TR 23.979 [26]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PoC.AttCreation. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.10.5.2 Successful creations of PoC session + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful creation of PoC session. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the PoC AS of a SIP\_200\_OK message indicating the PoC session is successfully created (see 3GPP TR 23.979 [26]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PoC.SuccCreation. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.10.5.3 Attempted joining of PoC session + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted joining PoC session requests which means that the user calls into the PoC session. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the PoC AS of PoC session SIP\_INVITE message indicating the requests by the user to join the PoC session (see 3GPP TR 23.979 [26]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PoC.AttJoining. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.10.5.4 Successful joining of PoC session + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful joining of PoC session. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the PoC AS of a SIP\_200\_OK message indicating the user has successfully joined the PoC session (see 3GPP TR 23.979 [26]). + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PoC.SuccJoining. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.5.5 Attempted invitations for another user to join PoC session + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted invitations for another user to join PoC session. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the PoC AS of a SIP\_INVITE message to invite a user to join a PoC session (see 3GPP TR 23.979 [26]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PoC.AttInvitation. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.5.6 Successful invitations for another user to join PoC session + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful invitations for another user to join PoC session. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the PoC AS of a SIP\_200\_OK message indicating the invited user has successfully joined the PoC session (see 3GPP TR 23.979 [26]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PoC.SuccInvitation. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.5.7 Number of simultaneous online users (Maximum) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of simultaneous online PoC users. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online users that have been joined and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PoC.OnlineUserMax. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.5.8 Number of simultaneous online PoC session (Maximum) + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of simultaneous online PoC sessions. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of simultaneous online PoC sessions and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PoC.OnlineSessionMax. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.10.6 Measurements related to XDM Enabler + +### 4.10.6.1 XCAP operation related measurements + +#### 4.10.6.1.1 Overview + +The performance measurements defined in this subclause are related to the XCAP operation request from the XDMC for document manipulation (e.g. retrieving/adding/deleting elements/attributes, etc.) stored in XDMS. See "XML Document Management (XDM) Specification", OMA-TS-XDM\_Core-V1\_0 [27]. + +The procedures are shown in figure 29. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating XCAP operation request procedures. Three lifelines are shown at the top. The first lifeline sends a request to the second lifeline, which responds. The second lifeline then sends a request to the third lifeline, which responds. This pattern repeats for a total of four request-response cycles.](23d9fcc2863a6b0548d6b4e8abf15106_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant Client + participant Server1 + participant Server2 + Note left of Client: XCAP operation request + Client->>Server1: Request + Server1-->>Client: Response + Server1->>Server2: Request + Server2-->>Server1: Response + Server1->>Client: Request + Client-->>Server1: Response + Server1->>Server2: Request + Server2-->>Server1: Response + Server1->>Client: Request + Client-->>Server1: Response +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating XCAP operation request procedures. Three lifelines are shown at the top. The first lifeline sends a request to the second lifeline, which responds. The second lifeline then sends a request to the third lifeline, which responds. This pattern repeats for a total of four request-response cycles. + +Figure 29: XCAP operation request procedures + +#### 4.10.6.1.2 Attempted HTTP PUT procedures + +- This measurement provides the number of attempted HTTP PUT procedures. +- CC. +- On receipt by the XDMS of a HTTP\_PUT request from the aggregation proxy (see OMA-TS-XDM\_Core-V1\_0 [27]). +- A single integer value. +- XDM.AttHttpPut. +- ASFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- IMS. + +#### 4.10.6.1.3 Successful HTTP PUT procedures + +- This measurement provides the number of successful HTTP PUT procedures. +- CC. + +- c) On transmission by the XDMS of a response message (e.g. HTTP\_200\_OK) indicating a successful HTTP PUT procedure, each successful HTTP PUT procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful HTTP PUT procedures. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) XDM.SuccHttpPut.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: +XDM.SuccHttpPut.200      Message type: SIP\_200\_OK. + +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.6.1.4      Attempted HTTP GET procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted HTTP GET procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the XDMS of a HTTP\_GET request from the aggregation proxy (See OMA-TS-XDM\_Core-V1\_0 [27]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) XDM.AttHttpGet. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.6.1.5      Successful HTTP GET procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful HTTP GET procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the XDMS of a response message (e.g. HTTP\_200\_OK) indicating a successful HTTP GET procedure, each successful HTTP GET procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful HTTP GET procedures. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) XDM.SuccHttpGet.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: +XDM.SuccHttpGet.200      Message type: SIP\_200\_OK. + +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.6.1.6 Attempted HTTP DELETE procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted HTTP DELETE procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the XDMS of a HTTP\_DELETE request from the aggregation proxy (see OMA-TS-XDM\_Core-V1\_0 [27]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) XDM.AttHttpDel. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.6.1.7 Successful HTTP DELETE procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful HTTP DELETE procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the XDMS of a response message (e.g. HTTP\_200\_OK) indicating a successful HTTP DELETE procedure, each successful HTTP DELETE procedure is added to the relevant measurement according to the message type, the possible response message types are identified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. The sum of all supported per message type measurements shall equal the total number of successful HTTP DELETE procedures. In case only a subset of per message type measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of message types plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) XDM.SuccHttpDel.*type* +where *type* identifies the message type. + +The following subcounters with specific message types are the samples of this measurement: +XDM.SuccHttpDel.200 Message type: SIP\_200\_OK. + +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.6.2 SIP related measurements + +##### 4.10.6.2.1 Overview + +The performance measurements defined in this subclause are related to SIP procedures for subscribing and notifying the changes in the XML documents stored in the XDMS. See "XML Document Management (XDM) Specification", OMA-TS-XDM\_Core-V1\_0 [27]. + +The procedures are shown in figure 30. + +![Sequence diagram showing XDM Client subscription procedures between Visited Network and Home Network components.](a7450c80e88ad3f6ca1427ad84020998_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant XDM Client + participant P-CSCF + participant S-CSCF + participant AS (XDMS) + + Note left of XDM Client: Visited Network + Note right of AS (XDMS): Home Network + + XDM Client->>P-CSCF: 1. SUBSCRIBE + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 2. SUBSCRIBE + S-CSCF->>AS (XDMS): 3. SUBSCRIBE + AS (XDMS)-->>S-CSCF: 4. 200 OK + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 5. 200 OK + P-CSCF-->>XDM Client: 6. 200 OK + AS (XDMS)-->>S-CSCF: 7. NOTIFY + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 8. NOTIFY + P-CSCF-->>XDM Client: 9. NOTIFY + XDM Client->>P-CSCF: 10. 200 OK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 11. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>AS (XDMS): 12. 200 OK + AS (XDMS)-->>S-CSCF: 13. NOTIFY + S-CSCF-->>P-CSCF: 14. NOTIFY + P-CSCF-->>XDM Client: 15. NOTIFY + XDM Client->>P-CSCF: 16. 200 OK + P-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 17. 200 OK + S-CSCF->>AS (XDMS): 18. 200 OK + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing XDM Client subscription procedures between Visited Network and Home Network components. + +**Figure 30: XDM Client subscribes to changes in XDMS Procedures** + +#### 4.10.6.2.2 Attempted Subscription procedures + +- This measurement provides the number of attempted subscription procedures. +- CC. +- On receipt by the XDMS of a SIP\_SUBSCRIBE message (See OMA-TS-XDM\_Core-V1\_0 [27]). +- A single integer value. +- XDM.AttSubscribe. +- ASFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- IMS. + +#### 4.10.6.2.3 Successful Subscription procedures + +- This measurement provides the number of successful subscription procedures. +- CC. +- On transmission by the XDMS of a response SIP\_200\_OK message indicating a successful subscription procedure (see OMA-TS-XDM\_Core-V1\_0 [27]). +- A single integer value. +- XDM.SuccSubscribe. +- ASFunction. +- Valid for packet switched traffic. +- IMS. + +#### 4.10.6.2.4 Attempted Notification procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted notification procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending by the XDMS of a SIP\_NOTIFY message (see OMA-TS-XDM\_Core-V1\_0 [27]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) XDM.AttNotify. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.6.2.5 Successful Notification procedures + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful notification procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the XDMS of a response SIP\_200\_OK message indicating the successful XDMS originated notification procedures. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) XDM.SuccNotify. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.10.7 IMS supplementary services related measurements + +#### 4.10.7.1 Communication Diversion (CDIV) service establishments + +##### 4.10.7.1.1 Number of Communication Forwarding Unconditional (CFU) service procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Communication Forwarding Unconditional (CFU) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by AS of a SIP\_INVITE message with URI-C after receiving the SIP\_INVITE message with URI-B from CSCF, and URI-B's CFU logic executed (see 3GPP TS 24.604 [36]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.CFUUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.10.7.1.2 Number of Communication Forwarding on Busy user(CFB) service procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Communication Forwarding on Busy user(CFB) service procedure. +- b) CC. + +- c) On transmission by AS of a SIP\_INVITE message with URI-C after receiving the SIP\_486 ( user busy ) message. The SIP\_486 message is originated by user B (see 3GPP TS 24.604 [36]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC. CFBUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.1.3 Number of Communication Forwarding on no Reply (CFNR) service procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Communication Forwarding on no Reply (CFNR) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by AS of a SIP\_INVITE message including URI-C after receiving the SIP\_487 ( Request Terminated ) message . the SIP\_487 is originated by user B (see 3GPP TS 24.604 [36]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.CFNRUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.1.4 Number of Communication Forwarding on Subscriber Not Reachable (CFNRc) service procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Communication Forwarding on Subscriber Not Reachable (CFNRc) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by AS of a SIP\_INVITE message with URI-C after receiving the SIP\_INVITE message with URI-B from CSCF, and URI-B's CFNRc logic executed and URI-B's Timer expired (see 3GPP TS 24.604 [36]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC. CFNRcUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.1.5 Number of Communication Forwarding on Not Logged-in (CFNL) service procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Communication Forwarding on Not Logged-in (CFNL) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by AS of a SIP\_INVITE message with URI-C after receiving the SIP\_INVITE message with URI-B from CSCF, and URI-B's CFNL logic executed (see 3GPP TS 24.604 [36]) +- d) A single integer value. + +- e) SC.CFNLUUsed +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.1.6 Number of Communication Deflection (CD) service procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Communication Deflection (CD) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by AS of a SIP\_INVITE message with URI-C after receiving the SIP\_302 (Moved Temporarily) message, the 302 message has a contact header including the URI-C of the forwarded to user (see 3GPP TS 24.604 [36]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.CDUsed +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS + +#### 4.10.7.2 Void + +#### 4.10.7.3 Number of Call Waiting (CW) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Call Waiting (CW) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by AS of a SIP\_180 ring message which includes an Alert-Info with a "Service: "call-waiting" urn (see 3GPP TS 24.615 [38]) when the CW flows based on network. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.CWUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.4 Number of Communication Hold (HOLD) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Communication Hold (HOLD) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a re-INVITE or UPDATE request with URI-B as called party and AS knows URI-A has registered HOLD service(see 3GPP TS 24.610 [41]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.HoldUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.8 Call Barring service establishments + +##### 4.10.7.8.1 Number of Outgoing Communication Barring (OCB) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Outgoing Communication Barring (OCB) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a SIP\_INVITE message with URI-B as called party and AS knows URI-B activated corresponding OCB service by evaluation of the served users OCB rules according to the algorithm as specified in subclause 4.9.1.2 evaluates to (allow="false"), AS sends an indication to the calling user by sending a 603 (Decline) response (see 3GPP TS 24.611 [39]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.OCBUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.10.7.8.2 Number of Incoming Communication Barring (ICB) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Barring of Incoming Communication Barring (ICB) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a SIP\_INVITE message with URI-B as called party and AS knows URI-B activated corresponding ICB service by evaluation of the served users ICB rules according to the algorithm as specified in subclause 4.9.1.2 evaluates to (allow="false"), AS sends an indication to the calling user by sending a 603 (Decline) response (see 3GPP TS 24.611 [39]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.ICBUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.10.7.8.3 Number of Anonymous Communication Rejection (ACR) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Anonymous Communication Rejection (ACR) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a SIP\_INVITE message with URI-B as called party and AS knows URI-B activated corresponding ICB service by evaluation of the served users ICB rules where one of the matching rules contain the anonymous condition, AS sends an indication to the calling user by sending SIP\_433 (Anonymity Disallowed) message (see 3GPP TS 24.611 [39]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.ACRUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.9 Originating Identification Presentation (OIP) and Originating Identification Restriction (OIR) service establishments + +##### 4.10.7.9.1 Number of Originating Identification Presentation (OIP) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Originating Identification Presentation (OIP) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by AS(serving the terminating UE) of a SIP\_INVITE message with identity information of originating UE, and OIP service of the terminating user is activated (see 3GPP TS 24.607 [37]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.OIPUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.10.7.9.2 Number of Originating Identification Restriction (OIR) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Originating Identification Restriction (OIR) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by AS(serving the originating UE) of a SIP\_INVITE message, and OIR service of the originating user is activated (see 3GPP TS 24.607 [37]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.OIRUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.10 Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) and Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR) service establishments + +##### 4.10.7.10.1 Number of Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the TIP AS of a SIP\_INVITE message and the TIP service for the originating UE is activated (see 3GPP TS 24.608 [42]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.TIPUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +##### 4.10.7.10.2 Number of Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR) service procedure. + +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the TIR AS of a SIP\_INVITE message and the TIR service for the terminating UE is activated (see 3GPP TS 24.608 [42]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.TIRUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.11 Number of Message Waiting Indication(MWI) event notification procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used message waiting indication(MWI) event notification service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) When the MWI AS sends a NOTIFY message to the UE to indicate the change in the message account status (see 3GPP TS 24.606 [43]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.MWIUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.12 Number of Flexible Alerting (FA) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Flexible Alerting (FA) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt an incoming SIP\_INVITE request destined to the pilot identity, the AS sends the SIP\_INVITE request to all the member identities within the FA group (see 3GPP TS 24.239 [44]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.FAUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.13 Number of Customized Ringing Signal (CRS) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Customized Ringing Signal (CRS) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a SIP\_INVITE message, the AS forwards the request to called party after adding an Alert-Info header field with the address of CRS media as the value into the INVITE request (see 3GPP TS 24.183 [45]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.CRSUsed. +- f) ASFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.14 Number of Customized Alerting Tones (CAT) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Customized Alerting Tones (CAT) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a SIP\_INVITE message, the AS forwards the request to called party and then sends a reliable SIP 183 (Session Progress) provisional response to calling party after receiving 180 (Ringing) response from the called party(see 3GPP TS 24.182 [46]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.CATUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.15 Advice Of Charge (AOC) service establishments + +##### 4.10.7.15.1 Number of Charging information at communication set-up time (AOC-S) + +###### 4.10.7.15.1.1 Number of AOC-S when the served user is the originating user + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Charging information at communication set-up time (AOC-S) service procedure when the served user is the originating user. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a SIP\_INVITE message and the served user is subscribed to AOC-S service, the AS either (network operator option) operate as a SIP proxy as specified in subclause 5.7.4 of 3GPP TS 24.229 [8] and include the AOC information in the content body of a reliable 1xx provisional responses, or operate as a routing B2BUA as specified in subclause 5.7.5 of 3GPP TS 24.229 [8] and include the AOC information in the content body a 200 (OK) response forwarded by the AS (see 3GPP TS 24.647 [47]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AOCUsedOrig. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +###### 4.10.7.15.1.2 Number of AOC-S when the served user is the terminating user + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Charging information at communication set-up time (AOC-S) service procedure when the served user is the terminating user. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a SIP\_INVITE message and the served user is subscribed to the AOC-S service, the AS include the AOC information in the content body in the INVITE request before sending the INVITE request to the terminating UE (see 3GPP TS 24.647 [47]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AOCUsedTerm. +- f) ASFunction. + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.15.2 Number of Charging information during the communication (AOC-D) + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Charging information during the communication (AOC-D) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On sending the charging information, the AS include the AOC information in the content body of a mid-dialog request or mid-dialog response forwarded by the AS to the served user or an INFO request to the served user generated by the AS (see 3GPP TS 24.647 [47]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AOCUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.15.3 Number of Charging information at the end of the communication (AOC-E) + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Charging information at the end of the communication (AOC-E) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) When the communication is terminated the AS include the recorded AOC information for the communication in the content body of either the BYE request or the final response to the BYE request sent to the served user (see 3GPP TS 24.647 [47]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.AOCEUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.16 Completion of Communications to Busy Subscriber (CCBS) and Completion of Communications by No Reply (CCNR) + +##### 4.10.7.16.1 Number of Completion of Communications to Busy Subscriber (CCBS) procedure + +- i) This measurement provides the number of used Completion of Communications to Busy Subscriber (CCBS) service procedure. +- j) CC. +- k) On transmission to originating UE by originating AS of REFER request which Request-URI will include the "m" SIP URI parameter with the value "BS" (see 3GPP TS 24.642 [48]). +- l) A single integer value. +- m) SC.CCBSUsed. +- n) ASFunction. +- o) Valid for packet switched traffic. + +p) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.16.2 Number of Completion of Communications by No Reply (CCNR) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Completion of Communications by No Reply (CCNR) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission to originating UE by originating AS of REFER request which Request-URI will include the "m" SIP URI parameter with the value "NR" (see 3GPP TS 24.642 [48]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.CCNRUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.17 Number of Closed User Group (CUG) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used Closed User Group (CUG) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the originating AS of an INVITE request to the terminating network by including the cugInterlockBinaryCode, networkIndicator and cugCommunicationIndicator (see 3GPP TS 24.654 [49]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.CUGUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.18 Number of Malicious Communication Identification (MCID) procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Malicious Communication Identification (MCID) service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt of a reINVITE request from terminating user, including a XML MIME with XML mcid body with MCID XML Request schema containing a McidRequestIndicator set to 1. (see 3GPP TS 24.616 [50]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.MCIDUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.19 Personal Network Management (PNM) service establishments + +##### 4.10.7.19.1 Number of PN-registration procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used PN-registration procedures. +- b) CC. + +- c) On receipt by the PNM AS of a SIP\_REGISTER message (see 3GPP TS 24.259 [51]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PNM.RegUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.19.2 Number of PN-configuration procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used PN-configuration procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the PNM AS of a HTTP PUT request or a HTTP DELETE request containing the configuration request from the PN UE (see 3GPP TS 24.259 [51]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PNM.ConfigUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.19.3 Number of PN-query procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used PN-query procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the PNM AS of a HTTP GET request from the PN UE (see 3GPP TS 24.259 [51]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PNM.QryUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.19.4 Number of PN UE redirection procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used PN UE redirection procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt an INVITE request with the Request-URI of the UE, the PNM AS executes the PN UE redirection logic based on the PN-user's PN configurations and decides to redirect the initial request to the default UE of the PN (see 3GPP TS 24.259 [51]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PNM.RedirectUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.19.5 Number of PN access control procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used PN access control procedures. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt an INVITE request, the PNM AS responds a 100 Trying provisional response and invokes the Private network service logic (see 3GPP TS 24.259 [51]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PNM.AccCtlUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.10.7.20 Explicit Communication Transfer service establishments + +##### 4.10.7.20.1 Number of blind transfer procedure + +- q) This measurement provides the number of used blind transfer service procedure. +- r) CC. +- s) A session exists between A-B and B initiates transfer A to C. On transmission by AS-B of an INVITE request to C (see 3GPP TS 24.629 [52]). Or A initiates transfer B to C. On transmission by AS-A of an INVITE request to C. +- t) A single integer value. +- u) SC.ECTBlindUsed. +- v) ASFunction. +- w) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- x) IMS. + +##### 4.10.7.20.2 Number of consultative transfer procedure + +- a) This measurement provides the number of used consultative transfer service procedure. +- b) CC. +- c) A session exists between A-B (diag-1) and between B-C (diag-2), B initiates transfer A to C. On transmission by AS-B of an INVITE request to C with diag-2 information (see 3GPP TS 24.629 [52]). Or A initiates transfer B to C. On transmission by AS-A of an INVITE request to C with diag-2 information. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) SC.ECTaskUsed. +- f) ASFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 4.11 Measurements related to IBCF + +Editor's note: IBCFFunction used in following text is a subject for further study of IMS NRM modelling for R8 requirements and will align with IMS NRM defined in 3GPP TS 32.732 [30]. + +### 4.11.1 Attempted session establishments from users of other network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments originated from the users (regardless of whether the user is roaming or not) who are belonging to other network domains at the IBCF in the terminating network. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the IBCF of a SIP\_ INVITE message, and the calling party is belonging to other network domains (i.e. the domain name information of the calling party retrieved from the SIP\_ INVITE message is different from the domain of this IBCF). Each session whose calling party recognized by the IBCF as belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network domain measurements shall equal the total number of attempted session establishments from users of other network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form *IDS.AttSessionFromOtherNtwkDmn.Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) IBCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 4.11.2 403 (Forbidden) generated for sessions from users of other network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SIP\_403 (Forbidden) response messages at the IBCF in the terminating network generated for the sessions from users of other network domains. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the IBCF of SIP\_403 message corresponding to the SIP\_ INVITE message of which the calling party is belonging to other network domains received by the IBCF. Each SIP\_403 message generated by the IBCF for the session whose calling party is belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network domain measurements shall equal the total number of 403 (Forbidden) generated for sessions from users of other network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form *IDS.403SessionFromOtherNtwkDmn.Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) IBCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.11.3 Attempted session establishments to users of other network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted session establishments towards users (regardless of whether the user is roaming or not) who are belonging to other network domains at the IBCF in the originating network. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On transmission by the IBCF of a SIP\_ INVITE messages, and the called party is belonging to other network domains (i.e. the domain name information of the called party retrieved from the SIP\_ INVITE message is different from the domain of this IBCF). Each session whose called party recognized by the IBCF as belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network measurements shall equal the total number of attempted session establishments to users of other network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form *IDS.AttSessionToOtherNtwkDmn.Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) IBCFFunction. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 4.11.4 403 (Forbidden) received for sessions to users of other network domains + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SIP\_403 (Forbidden) response messages received for sessions to users of other network domains at the IBCF in the originating network. The measurement is split into subcounters per network domain. +- b) CC. +- c) On receipt by the IBCF of SIP\_403 message corresponding to the SIP\_ INVITE message of which the called party is belonging to other network domains transmitted by the IBCF. Each SIP\_403 message received by the IBCF for the session whose called party is belonging to a given network domain is added to the relevant per network domain measurement. The sum of all supported per network domain measurements shall equal the total number of 403 (Forbidden) received for sessions to users of other network domains. In case only a subset of per network measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first (see 3GPP TS 23.228 [7]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of network domain plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form *IDS.403SessionToOtherNtwkDmn.Domain* where *Domain* identifies the network domain, and it is in the format of the domain name information in the SIP messages. +- f) IBCFFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +## 5 Equipment related measurements + +The measurements defined in this subclause are related to the equipment aspect performance. The measurements defined in the following subclauses are common for all of the equipments in IMS and shall be applied to all of the network elements in IMS. + +### 5.1 Processor usage + +#### 5.1.1 Mean processor usage + +- a) This measurement provides the mean usage of each key processor during the granularity period. Each equipment may have more than one key processors, the measurement is split into subcounters per key processor. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the usage of the processor and then taking the arithmetic mean for each key processor. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value (Unit: %). +- e) The measurement name has the form EQPT.MeanProcessorUsage.*ProcessorID* where *ProcessorID* identifies the key processor of this equipment, the format of *ProcessorID* is vendor specific. +- f) ManagedElement. +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +#### 5.1.2 Peak processor usage + +- a) This measurement provides the peak usage of each key processor during the granularity period. Each equipment may have more than one key processors, the measurement is split into subcounters per key processor. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the usage of the processor and then taking the maximum for each key processor. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value (Unit: %). +- e) The measurement name has the form EQPT.PeakProcessorUsage.*ProcessorID* where *ProcessorID* identifies the key processor of this equipment, the format of *ProcessorID* is vendor specific. +- f) ManagedElement. +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +### 5.2 Memory usage + +#### 5.2.1 Mean memory usage + +- a) This measurement provides the mean physical memory usage during the granularity period. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a predefined interval the usage of the memory and then taking the arithmetic mean. +- d) Each measurement is a real value (Unit: %). + +- e) The measurement name has the form EQPT.MemMeanUsage. MemID +where the definition of the MemID and the number of subcounter are vendor specific. +- f) ManagedElement. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) IMS. + +--- + +## Annex A (normative): Use cases for performance measurements definition + +The present Annex provides the concrete use cases for the IMS performance measurements defined in the present specification. + +--- + +### A.1 Use case of Immediate Messaging procedure related measurements at CSCF + +IMS users shall be able to exchange immediate messages with each other by using the Immediate Messaging procedure. CSCF may delivery successfully the immediate messages, also may refuse the immediate messages or respond to the sender with fail indications. If the Immediate Messaging procedure at CSCF is fail, the users' subjective feel to the network will be bad. So it is necessary to define Immediate Messaging procedure related measurements for operator to evaluate the rate of success and failure at CSCF in IMS network. + +--- + +### A.2 Use case of IP-CAN Session Establishment related measurements + +IP-CAN session is a main procedure in policy and charging control architecture (see 3GPP TS 29.213 [33]). If IP-CAN session establishment is failed, it means that PCEF cannot get PCC rules from PCRF and PCEF shall reject the attempt for UE-initiated resource request. So it is necessary to define IP-CAN session establishment related measurements to monitor or evaluate session performance of PCC procedures. + +--- + +### A.3 Use case of emergency session related measurements + +Emergency session function is an important function at E-CSCF. The emergency session related measurements can help operator to evaluate the emergency session processing capacity and performance of IMS network entity, analyze the establishment failure reasons of emergency session and solve the problems. Especially the mean successful emergency session establishment time could reflect the quality of emergency session establishment directly and help operator to do network optimization. The emergency session establishment procedure may not comply with the emergency configuration policy, and these measurements can be used to check the effectiveness of the policy. + +--- + +### A.4 Use case of CDIV service related measurements + +The Communications Diversion (CDIV) service is an important supplementary service. It can divert user to another destination in the communication. The CDIV services mainly include Communication Forwarding Unconditional (CFU), Communication Forwarding on Busy user (CFB), Communication Forwarding on no Reply (CFNR), Communication Forwarding on Subscriber Not Reachable (CFNRc), Communication Forwarding on Not Logged-in (CFNL) and Communication Deflection (CD). The Communications Diversion (CDIV) service related measurements at AS can provide information on the usage of CDIV service in the network such as how much the CDIV services is used. The measurements are subject to network operator bussiness community which could help operator to make necessary actions accordingly, e.g. enhance or intorduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage amount to ensure the target financial result of their company. + +--- + +### A.5 Use case of OIP and OIR service related measurements + +The Originating Identification Presentation (OIP) is an important supplementary service. It provides the terminating user with the possibility of receiving the identity information to identify the originating user. The OIR service enables the originating user to prevent presentation of its identity information to the terminating user. The OIP/OIR service related measurements at AS can provide information on the usage of OIP/OIR service in the network such as how much + +the OIP/OIR service is used. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.6 Use case of successful session establishments of inter-network domains + +When inter-network domain calling occurred, not only the number of attempted session establishment but also successful session establishment is essential. If the successful session has not been established, it means that the attempt for inter-network calling has been rejected. This measurement can be used to calculate the rate of successful session, it will reflect the connectivity status of both network of inter-network domain calling, and also can influence the feeling of users directly. So it is necessary to define successful session establishments to monitor or evaluate session performance of inter-network calling. + +--- + +## A.7 Use case of Gateway Control Session Establishment related measurements + +Gateway Control session is a main procedure in policy and charging control architecture (see 3GPP TS 29.213 [33]). If Gateway Control session establishment is failed, it means that BBERF cannot get PCC rules from PCRF and BBERF shall reject the attempt for UE-initiated resource request, the whole procedure will terminate. So it is necessary to define Gateway Control session establishment related measurements to evaluate session performance of PCC procedures and help the trouble shooting. + +--- + +## A.8 Use case of Accumulated session time related measurements at CSCF + +Accumulated session time which is an important aspect of network load could reflect the call traffic. It also reflects occupancy of session traffic in relation to system resource and may help operators to decide whether the network capacity expansion or network configuration adjustment is needed. + +--- + +## A.9 Use case of Equipment related measurements + +Equipment related measurements help operators to monitor the equipment related usage and make related operation and maintenance. Memory usage is one of the important items in equipment related measurements. The mean memory usage related measurements are used to observe the usage of the memory and help to determine whether to expand memory. + +--- + +## A.10 Use case of session control related measurement per access technology + +Measurements on the attempt times, the success times and the failure times of all sessions establishment per different access technologies may help operators be aware of the users' behavior (times and frequency) on accessing IMS domain via different access technologies. The access success ratio to IMS can be obtained by the division of the access successful times and attempted times. The successful rate of session establishment per access technology to the IMS network is significant to operators on operation and maintenance. + +--- + +## A.11 Use case of CW related measurements + +Call Waiting (CW) service is an important supplementary service. The Communication Waiting (CW) service enables a UE to be informed that no resources are available for an incoming communication. The user then has the choice of accepting, rejecting or ignoring the incoming communication. The Call Waiting (CW) service related measurements at AS could provide information on the usage of CW service in the network such as how much the CW service is used. + +The measurement is subject to network operator business community which could help operator to make necessary actions accordingly, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage amount to ensure the target financial result of their company. + +--- + +## A.12 Use case of Hold service related measurements + +HOLD service is an important supplementary service. The Communication Hold(HOLD) supplementary service enables a user to suspend the reception of media stream(s) of an established IP multimedia session, and resume the media stream(s) at a later time. The Communication Hold (HOLD) service related measurements at AS could provide information on the usage of HOLD service in the network such as how much the HOLD service is used. The measurement is subject to network operator business community which could help operator to make necessary actions accordingly, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage amount to ensure the target financial result of their company. + +--- + +## A.13 Use case of Call Barring related measurements + +The Call Barring (CB) service is an important supplementary service including Outgoing Communication Barring (OCB) and Incoming Communication Barring (ICB). The OCB is a service that rejects outgoing communications that fulfil certain provisioned or configured conditions on behalf of the originating user. The ICB service makes it possible for a user to have barring of certain categories of incoming communications according to a provisioned or user configured barring program and is valid for all incoming communications. The Anonymous Communication Rejection (ACR) is a particular case of the ICB service that allows barring of incoming communications from an anonymous originator on behalf of the terminating user. The CB and ACR services related measurements at AS can provide information on the usage of CB and ACR services in the network such as how much the CB and ACR services is used. The measurements are subject to network operator business community which could help operator to make necessary actions accordingly, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage amount to ensure the target financial result of their company. + +--- + +## A.14 Use case of HSS related measurements + +HSS interacts with CSCF, AS, MME and SGSN via different interface with UAR/SAR/RTR/LIR/PPR/MAR/SNR/UDR/ULR/CLR/PUR/IDR/DSR/AIR/RSR/NOR procedures. The measurements regarding to the total request received by HSS and the total response sent to other NEs are significant to know about performance and load balance of HSS. + +--- + +## A.15 Use case of the number of release before ringing and the number of release while ringing at CSCF in session control related measurements + +The number of release before ringing and the number of release while ringing reflect user behaviour factors different from the failure procedure. Sometimes unsuccessful session establishment is caused by user's own behaviour which has nothing to do with network performance. Therefore the user behaviour factors should be measured and excluded to evaluate the real network session establishment success rate. These two measurements are used to support the KPI: "Session Establishment Network Success Rate". + +--- + +## A.16 Use case of TIP and TIR service related measurements + +The Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) and Terminating Identification Restriction (TIR) are important supplementary services. The TIP service provides the originating party with the possibility of receiving trusted information in order to identify the terminating party. The TIR is a service offered to the terminating party which enables the terminating party to prevent presentation of the terminating identity information to originating party. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to + +the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.17 Use case of MWI service related measurements + +The Message Waiting Indication (MWI) service is an important supplementary service. It enables the network, upon the request of a controlling user to indicate to the receiving user, that there is at least one message waiting. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.18 Use case of FA service related measurements + +The Flexible Alerting (FA) is an important supplementary service. It causes a call to a Pilot Identity to branch the call into several legs to alert several termination addresses (group members) simultaneously. Additional calls may be delivered to the FA Pilot Identity at any time. The first leg to be answered is connected to the calling party. The other call legs are abandoned. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.19 Use case of CRS service related measurements + +The Customized Ringing Signal (CRS) is an important supplementary service. It is an operator specific service by which an operator enables the subscriber to customize the media which is played to the called party during alerting of the called party. The media can consist of music, voice, text, video or other customized ringing signals. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.20 Use case of CAT service related measurements + +The Customized Alerting Tones (CAT) is an important supplementary service. It is an operator specific service by which an operator enables the subscriber to customize the media which is played to the calling party during alerting of the called party. The media can consist of favourable songs, multi-media clips or other customized alerting tones. CAT service should not negatively affect the conversation between calling and called parties. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.21 Use case of AOC service related measurements + +The Advice Of Charge (AOC) service is an important supplementary service including Charging information at communication set-up time (AOC-S), Charging information during the communication (AOC-D) and Charging information at the end of the communication (AOC-E). The Advice Of Charge (AOC) service allows the served user to be informed of IP Multimedia session related charging information. The AOC-S service provides the user with information about the charging rates at communication establishment. The AOC-D service provides the user with charging information for a communication during the active phase of this communication. The network AOC-E service provides the served user with charging information indicating the recorded charges for a communication when this communication is released. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.22 Use case of CCBS and CCNR service related measurements + +CCBS and CCNR are important supplementary services. The CCBS and CCNR services enables a user, encountering a destination that is busy or does not answer, to have the communication completed at a later point in time without the user having to manually initiate a new communication attempt. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.23 Use case of CUG service related measurements + +The Closed User Group (CUG) is an important supplementary service. The service enables users to form groups of members, whose communication profile is restricted for incoming and outgoing communications. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage amount to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.24 Use case of MCID service related measurements + +The Malicious Communication Identification (MCID) is an important supplementary service. The service allows the service provider to trace the identity information of the source of an incoming communication on request of the destination user. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.25 Use case of PNM service related measurements + +The Personal Network Management (PNM) applications consist of the Personal Network (PN) redirection service and the Personal Network access control, both applying only to the terminating service. The PN redirection is a PNM application that enables redirecting a session addressed to any of the User Equipments (UEs) belonging to the PN to a certain UE or a certain Personal Network Element (PNE) other than a PN UE of their PN. The PN access control is a PNM application that enables users to exercise PN access control to restrict accesses to certain UEs or certain PNEs other than PN UEs of their PN. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## A.26 Use case of ECT service related measurements + +The Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) is an important supplementary service. The service provides a party involved in a communication to transfer that communication to a third party. The measurements are analyzed by the operator business community to help the operator take necessary actions according to the following, e.g. enhance or introduce more similar services or stop certain services depending on their usage amount to meet the operator's requirements. + +--- + +## Annex B (informative): Void + +--- + +## Annex C (informative): Use case of successful session establishment mean time + +The establishment mean time of successful session can reflect the response speed which is an important aspect of IMS response ability. It can be used to evaluate the users' subjective feeling, and if the time is too long, naturally the users will feel they are having a poor network. + +--- + +## Annex D (informative): Use case of Number of 200 OK (Successful) messages for the roamers + +The number of successful initial registrations of roamers can be a valuable reference to decide whether the network expansion or network configuration adjustment is needed. This measurement can also be used to evaluate the user requirements more accurately, and then the operator can customize the appropriate value added services according to the user requirements of different IMS domains, for example, the preferential policies of roaming charging for the IMS domain with greater user requirements. + +--- + +## Annex E (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|---------------|------|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Mar 2007 | SP-35 | SP-07006
7 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#35 for for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | +| Mar 2007 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Editorial clean-up | 1.0.0 | 1.0.1 | +| May 2007 | SP-36 | SP-07028
7 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#36 for Approval | 2.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Sep 2007 | SP-37 | SP-07061
3 | 0001 | -- | Update IMS Performance Measurements With Missing Granularity And Incorrect CC Performance Measurement Types | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Sep 2007 | SP-37 | SP-07061
4 | 0002 | -- | Add performance measurements on SIP subscription and notification | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Mar 2008 | SP-39 | SP-08005
8 | 0006 | -- | Correction to the registration measurements in CSCF | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Mar 2008 | SP-39 | SP-08006
9 | 0003 | -- | Correction of BGCf related measurements - Align with 23.228 | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Mar 2008 | SP-39 | SP-08006
9 | 0004 | -- | Add registration related measurement per access technology | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SP-42 | SP-08084
5 | 0008 | -- | Correction of de-registration related measurements | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SP-42 | SP-08084
6 | 0009 | -- | Add IBCF related measurements | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-09053
4 | 0010 | -- | Correction of measurement names for RTP related measurements | 8.2.0 | 8.3.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-09053
4 | 0013 | -- | Correction measurements related to PDF - align with 29.213 | 8.2.0 | 8.3.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-09062
7 | 0011 | -- | Addition of Immediate Messaging related measurements | 8.3.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-09062
7 | 0012 | -- | Addition of PCRF IP-CAN Session Establishment related measurements | 8.3.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SP-46 | SP-09071
9 | 0014 | -- | Addition of AS Session control related measurements | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Apr 2010 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Addition of missing change history | 9.1.0 | 9.1.1 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-10026
4 | 0016 | - | Add the measurement of number of 200 OK (Successful) messages for the roamers | 9.1.1 | 10.0.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-10026
4 | 0017 | - | Add emergency session related measurements | 9.1.1 | 10.0.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-10026
4 | 0015 | - | Add the measurement of successful session establishment mean time | 9.1.1 | 10.0.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-10048
9 | 0018 | - | Addition of CDIV services related measurements | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-10048
9 | 0019 | - | Addition of OIP service related measurements | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-10048
9 | 0020 | - | Addition of successful session establishment of inter-network domain calling related measurement | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-10083
3 | 0021 | - | Adding Gateway Control session establishment related measurements | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-10075
2 | 0025 | - | Adding mean number of simultaneous online and answered sessions | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-11010
1 | 0023 | 1 | Add dropped session measurements | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-11010
1 | 0024 | 1 | Enhance session establishment measurements | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-11009
4 | 0025 | - | Correct measurements object classes - Align with 32.732 IMS NRM IRP Information Service | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-11009
4 | 0026 | - | Correct measurements object classes - Align with 32.732 IMS NRM IRP Information Service | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| May 2011 | SA-52 | SP-11029
6 | 0027 | 1 | Add accumulated session time related measurements | 10.3.0 | 11.0.0 | +| May 2011 | SA-52 | SP-11029
6 | 0030 | 3 | Add Equipment related measurements in IMS. | 10.3.0 | 11.0.0 | +| May 2011 | SA-52 | SP-11029
6 | 0031 | 3 | Add Session control related measurement per access technology | 10.3.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA-53 | SP-11053
6 | 0032 | 1 | Correct CDIV related measurement | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA-53 | SP-11053
6 | 0034 | 1 | Add CW related measurement | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA-53 | SP-11053
6 | 0035 | 1 | Add HOLD related measurement | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA-53 | SP-11053
6 | 0036 | 1 | Add CB and ACR related measurement | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | + +| | | | | | | | | +|------------|-------|---------------|-----------|---|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|------------| +| Sep 2011 | SA-53 | SP-11053
6 | 0038 | 1 | Correct HSS related measurement | 11.0.0 | 11.1.
0 | +| Sep 2011 | SA-53 | SP-11053
6 | 0039 | 1 | Correct Emergency Session related measurements | 11.0.0 | 11.1.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0041 | 2 | Add the number of release before ringing and release while ringing on CSCF | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0042 | 3 | Correct OIP and add OIR related measurement | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0043 | 2 | Add TIP and TIR service related measurements | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0044 | 2 | Add MWI service related measurements | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0045 | 2 | Add FA service related measurements | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0046 | 2 | Add CRS service related measurements | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0047 | 2 | Add CAT service related measurements | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0048 | 2 | Add AOC service related measurements | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0049 | 1 | Deletion of PCRF related measurements | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0050 | 1 | Add CCBS and CCNR service related measurement | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0051 | 1 | Add CUG service related measurements | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0053 | 1 | Add MCID service related measurements | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| Dec 2012 | SA-54 | SP-11071
4 | 0054 | 1 | Add PNM service related measurements | 11.1.0 | 11.2.
0 | +| March 2012 | SA-55 | SP-12005
2 | 0055 | 1 | Add ECT service related measurements | 11.2.0 | 11.3.
0 | +| March 2012 | SA-55 | SP-12005
2 | 0056 | 1 | Editorial correction for quality improvement | 11.2.0 | 11.3.
0 | +| March 2012 | SA-55 | SP-12004
5 | 0056
a | 1 | Add missing measurement type in "Successful initial registration procedures" related measurement | 11.2.0 | 11.3.
0 | +| Sep-2012 | SA-57 | SP-12062
7 | 0057 | 1 | Reference list correction to align with the corrected TS 29.212 title | 11.3.0 | 11.4.
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Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 9 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 4 System Overview ..... | 10 | +| 4.1 System Context ..... | 10 | +| 4.2 Compliance rules..... | 10 | +| 5 Void..... | 10 | +| 6 Information Object Classes (IOCs)..... | 11 | +| 6.1 Information entities imported and local labels..... | 11 | +| 6.2 Class diagram..... | 11 | +| 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships..... | 11 | +| 6.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 14 | +| 6.3 Information Object Class (IOCs) definitions ..... | 15 | +| 6.3.1 MeasurementJob..... | 15 | +| 6.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 15 | +| 6.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 15 | +| 6.3.1.3 State diagram ..... | 16 | +| 6.3.2 JobMeasurementSchedule ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.2.2 Attributes ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.3 PMIRP ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.3.1 Definition ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.3.2 Attribute ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.3.3 Notification ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.4 MeasurementJobList..... | 17 | +| 6.3.4.1 Definition ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.4.2 Attributes ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.5 MeasuredAttribute..... | 18 | +| 6.3.5.1 Definition ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.5.2 Attributes ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.6 MeasurementReader..... | 18 | +| 6.3.6.1 Definition ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.6.2 Attributes ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.7 ManagedEntity ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.7.1 Definition ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.8 Monitor ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.8.1 Definition ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.8.2 Attributes ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.8.3 Notification ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.9 ThresholdMonitorList..... | 19 | +| 6.3.9.1 Definition ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.9.2 Attributes ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.10 ThresholdMonitor..... | 20 | +| 6.3.10.1 Definition ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.10.2 Attribute ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.11 ThresholdLevel..... | 20 | +| 6.3.11.1 Definition ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.11.2 Attribute ..... | 20 | +| 6.4 Information relationship definitions..... | 21 | +| 6.4.1 relation-pmIRP-measurementJobList (M)..... | 21 | + +| | | | +|---------|----------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 6.4.1.1 | Definition ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.1.2 | Role ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.1.3 | Constraint ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.2 | relation-measurementJobList-measurementJob (M) ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.2.1 | Definition ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.2.2 | Role ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.2.3 | Constraint ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.3 | relation-measurementJob-jobMeasurementSchedule (M) ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.3.1 | Definition ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.3.2 | Role ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.4 | relation-measurementJob-measurement (M) ..... | 22 | +| 6.4.4.1 | Definition ..... | 22 | +| 6.4.4.2 | Role ..... | 22 | +| 6.4.5 | relation-measuredAttribute-managedEntity (M) ..... | 22 | +| 6.4.5.1 | Definition ..... | 22 | +| 6.4.5.2 | Role ..... | 22 | +| 6.4.5.3 | Constraint ..... | 22 | +| 6.4.6 | relation-pmIRP-thresholdMonitorList (M) ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.6.1 | Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.6.2 | Role ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.6.3 | Constraint ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.7 | relation-thresholdMonitorList-thresholdMonitor (M) ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.7.1 | Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.7.2 | Role ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.7.3 | Constraint ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.8 | relation-thresholdMonitor-measurement (M) ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.8.1 | Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.8.2 | Role ..... | 23 | +| 6.4.9 | relation-measuredAttribute-thresholdLevels (M) ..... | 24 | +| 6.4.9.1 | Definition ..... | 24 | +| 6.4.9.2 | Role ..... | 24 | +| 6.4.9.3 | Constraint ..... | 24 | +| 6.5 | Information attribute definition ..... | 25 | +| 6.5.1 | Definition and legal values ..... | 25 | +| 6.5.2 | Constraints ..... | 27 | +| 7 | Interface definition ..... | 28 | +| 7.1 | Class diagram ..... | 28 | +| 7.2 | Generic rules ..... | 29 | +| 7.3 | PMIRPOperations_1 Interface (M) ..... | 29 | +| 7.3.1 | Operation createMeasurementJob (M) ..... | 29 | +| 7.3.1.1 | Definition ..... | 29 | +| 7.3.1.2 | Input parameters ..... | 30 | +| 7.3.1.3 | Output parameters ..... | 31 | +| 7.3.1.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 31 | +| 7.3.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 31 | +| 7.3.1.6 | Exceptions ..... | 32 | +| 7.3.2 | Operation stopMeasurementJob (M) ..... | 33 | +| 7.3.2.1 | Definition ..... | 33 | +| 7.3.2.2 | Input parameters ..... | 33 | +| 7.3.2.3 | Output parameters ..... | 33 | +| 7.3.2.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 33 | +| 7.3.2.5 | Post-condition ..... | 33 | +| 7.3.2.6 | Exceptions ..... | 33 | +| 7.3.3 | Operation suspendMeasurementJob (O) ..... | 34 | +| 7.3.3.1 | Definition ..... | 34 | +| 7.3.3.2 | Input parameters ..... | 34 | +| 7.3.3.3 | Output parameters ..... | 34 | +| 7.3.3.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 34 | +| 7.3.3.5 | Post-condition ..... | 35 | +| 7.3.3.6 | Exceptions ..... | 35 | +| 7.3.4 | Operation resumeMeasurementJob (O) ..... | 36 | + +| | | | +|-----------|------------------------------------------------|----| +| 7.3.4.1 | Definition ..... | 36 | +| 7.3.4.2 | Input parameters ..... | 36 | +| 7.3.4.3 | Output parameters ..... | 36 | +| 7.3.4.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 36 | +| 7.3.4.5 | Post-condition ..... | 36 | +| 7.3.4.6 | Exceptions ..... | 37 | +| 7.3.5 | Operation listMeasurementJobs (M) ..... | 38 | +| 7.3.5.1 | Definition ..... | 38 | +| 7.3.5.2 | Input parameters ..... | 38 | +| 7.3.5.3 | Output parameters ..... | 38 | +| 7.3.5.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 38 | +| 7.3.5.5 | Post-condition ..... | 38 | +| 7.3.5.6 | Exceptions ..... | 39 | +| 7.4 | PMIRPOperations_2 Interface (O) ..... | 39 | +| 7.4.1 | Operation createThresholdMonitor (M) ..... | 39 | +| 7.4.1.1 | Definition ..... | 39 | +| 7.4.1.2 | Input parameters ..... | 40 | +| 7.4.1.3 | Output parameters ..... | 40 | +| 7.4.1.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 41 | +| 7.4.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 41 | +| 7.4.1.6 | Exceptions ..... | 41 | +| 7.4.2 | Operation deleteThresholdMonitor (M) ..... | 42 | +| 7.4.2.1 | Definition ..... | 42 | +| 7.4.2.2 | Input parameters ..... | 42 | +| 7.4.2.3 | Output parameters ..... | 42 | +| 7.4.2.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 42 | +| 7.4.2.5 | Post-condition ..... | 42 | +| 7.4.2.6 | Exceptions ..... | 42 | +| 7.4.3 | Operation listThresholdMonitors (M) ..... | 43 | +| 7.4.3.1 | Definition ..... | 43 | +| 7.4.3.2 | Input parameters ..... | 43 | +| 7.4.3.3 | Output parameters ..... | 43 | +| 7.4.3.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 43 | +| 7.4.3.5 | Post-condition ..... | 43 | +| 7.4.3.6 | Exceptions ..... | 44 | +| 7.5 | PMIRPOperations_3 Interface (O) ..... | 45 | +| 7.5.1 | Operation suspendThresholdMonitor (M) ..... | 45 | +| 7.5.1.1 | Definition ..... | 45 | +| 7.5.1.2 | Input parameters ..... | 45 | +| 7.5.1.3 | Output parameters ..... | 45 | +| 7.5.1.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 45 | +| 7.5.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 45 | +| 7.5.1.6 | Exceptions ..... | 45 | +| 7.5.2 | Operation resumeThresholdMonitor (M) ..... | 46 | +| 7.5.2.1 | Definition ..... | 46 | +| 7.5.2.2 | Input parameters ..... | 46 | +| 7.5.2.3 | Output parameters ..... | 46 | +| 7.5.2.4 | Pre-condition ..... | 46 | +| 7.5.2.5 | Post-condition ..... | 46 | +| 7.5.2.6 | Exceptions ..... | 46 | +| 7.6 | PMIRPNotification_1 Interface (M) ..... | 47 | +| 7.6.1 | notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged (M) ..... | 47 | +| 7.6.1.1 | Definition ..... | 47 | +| 7.6.1.2 | Input parameters ..... | 47 | +| 7.6.1.3 | Triggering Event ..... | 47 | +| 7.6.1.3.1 | From-state ..... | 47 | +| 7.6.1.3.2 | To-state ..... | 48 | +| 7.6.2 | Void ..... | 48 | +| 7.7 | PMIRPNotification_2 Interface (O) ..... | 49 | +| 7.7.1 | notifyThresholdMonitorObjectCreation (M) ..... | 49 | +| 7.7.1.1 | Definition ..... | 49 | +| 7.7.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 49 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 7.7.1.3 | Triggering Event ..... | 49 | +| 7.7.1.3.1 | From-state ..... | 49 | +| 7.7.1.3.2 | To-state ..... | 49 | +| 7.7.2 | notifyThresholdMonitorObjectDeletion (M) ..... | 50 | +| 7.7.2.1 | Definition ..... | 50 | +| 7.7.2.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 50 | +| 7.7.2.3 | Triggering Event ..... | 50 | +| 7.7.2.3.1 | From-state ..... | 50 | +| 7.7.2.3.2 | To-state ..... | 50 | +| 7.7.3 | notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged (O) ..... | 51 | +| 7.7.3.1 | Definition ..... | 51 | +| 7.7.3.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 51 | +| 7.7.3.3 | Triggering Event ..... | 51 | +| 7.7.3.3.1 | From-state ..... | 51 | +| 7.7.3.3.2 | To-state ..... | 51 | +| 8 | Scenarios ..... | 52 | +| 8.1 | createMeasurementJob ..... | 52 | +| 8.2 | stopMeasurementJob ..... | 53 | +| 8.3 | stopMeasurementJob/listMeasurementJobs/listFiles ..... | 54 | +| 8.4 | suspendMeasurementJob/resumeMeasurementJob ..... | 55 | +| Annex A (normative): | Illustration of the state described in the state Diagram ..... | 56 | +| A.1 | Definition of state ..... | 56 | +| A.1.1 | Scheduled ..... | 56 | +| A.1.2 | Suspended ..... | 56 | +| A.1.3 | Active ..... | 56 | +| A.1.4 | Stopped ..... | 56 | +| A.2 | State transition scenarios ..... | 57 | +| A.2.1 | Scenario 1 ..... | 57 | +| A.2.2 | Scenario 2 ..... | 57 | +| A.2.3 | Scenario 3 ..... | 58 | +| A.2.4 | Scenario 4 ..... | 58 | +| A.2.5 | Scenario 5 ..... | 59 | +| A.2.6 | Scenario 6 ..... | 60 | +| Annex B (normative): | Threshold related performance alarms Triggering Events ..... | 61 | +| B.1 | IRP Agent supporting notifyChangedAlarm ..... | 62 | +| B.2 | IRP Agent not supporting notifyChangedAlarm ..... | 63 | +| B.3 | Examples ..... | 64 | +| B.3.1 | Example 1 ..... | 64 | +| B.3.2 | Example 2 ..... | 65 | +| B.3.3 | Example 3 ..... | 66 | +| Annex C (informative): | Change history ..... | 67 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management, as identified below: + +- 32.411: "Performance Management (PM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements" +- 32.412: "Performance Management (PM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)"** +- 32.416: "Performance Management (PM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions" + +The present document is part of a set of TSs which describes the requirements and information model necessary for the Telecommunication Management (TM) of 3G systems. The TM principles and TM architecture are specified in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +A 3G system is composed of a multitude of Network Elements (NE) of various types and, typically, different vendors, which inter-operate in a co-ordinated manner in order to satisfy the network users' communication requirements. Any evaluation of PLMN-system behaviour will require performance data collected and recorded by its NEs according to a schedule established by the EM. + +This aspect of the management environment is termed Performance Management. The purpose of any Performance Management activity is to collect performance related data, which can be used to locate potential problems in the network. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the Information Service for the Performance Management Integration Reference Point (PM IRP) as it applies to the Itf-N. + +This IRP IS defines the semantics of operations (and their parameters) visible across the Itf-N in a protocol and technology neutral way. It does not define the syntax or encoding of the operations and their parameters. + +This IRP IS is aligned with ITU-T M.3704 [16] in terms of the definitions of operations for Performance management. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] ITU-T Recommendation X.721 (1992): "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Structure of management information: Definition of management information". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.312: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management: Information Service (IS)". +- [6] Void. +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and Requirements". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.411: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.602: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.342: "Telecommunication management; File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.302: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [13] Void. +- [14] Void. +- [15] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". + +- [16] ITU-T M.3704 (01/2012): “Telecommunication Management, Including TMN and Network Maintenance; Integrated services digital networks; Common management services – Performance management – Protocol neutral requirements and analysis”. +- [17] 3GPP TS 32.404: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements; Definitions and template". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions defined in 3GPP TS 32.411 [8] and 3GPP TS 32.401 [7] apply. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|----------------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| EM | Element Manager | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| PM | Performance Management | +| PMIRP | Performance Management Integration Reference Point | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | + +# 4 System Overview + +## 4.1 System Context + +The general definition of the System Context for the present IRP is found in 3GPP TS 32.150 [15] subclause 4.7. + +In addition, the set of related IRP(s) relevant to the present IRP is shown in the two diagrams below. + +![Figure 4.1: System Context A. A diagram showing the relationship between an IRPManager (NM) and an IRPAgent (EM). The IRPManager is connected to the IRPAgent via a solid line. The IRPAgent is connected to multiple NEs via a dotted line. A dashed vertical line labeled 'Itf-N' separates the NM and EM domains. Below the IRPAgent, a list of IRPs is shown: Notification IRP, PM IRP, File Transfer IRP, and Alarm IRP.](c2fc2621e8206d24427b56bcb2398fc0_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.1: System Context A. A diagram showing the relationship between an IRPManager (NM) and an IRPAgent (EM). The IRPManager is connected to the IRPAgent via a solid line. The IRPAgent is connected to multiple NEs via a dotted line. A dashed vertical line labeled 'Itf-N' separates the NM and EM domains. Below the IRPAgent, a list of IRPs is shown: Notification IRP, PM IRP, File Transfer IRP, and Alarm IRP. + +Figure 4.1: System Context A + +![Figure 4.2: System Context B. A diagram showing the relationship between an IRPManager (NM) and an IRPAgent (NE). The IRPManager is connected to the IRPAgent via a solid line. A dashed vertical line labeled 'Itf-N' separates the NM and NE domains. Below the IRPAgent, a list of IRPs is shown: Notification IRP, PM IRP, File Transfer IRP, and Alarm IRP.](1eadbbe42cfcac5c0023577110aec5e3_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.2: System Context B. A diagram showing the relationship between an IRPManager (NM) and an IRPAgent (NE). The IRPManager is connected to the IRPAgent via a solid line. A dashed vertical line labeled 'Itf-N' separates the NM and NE domains. Below the IRPAgent, a list of IRPs is shown: Notification IRP, PM IRP, File Transfer IRP, and Alarm IRP. + +Figure 4.2: System Context B + +## 4.2 Compliance rules + +For general definitions of compliance rules related to qualifiers (Mandatory/Optional/Conditional) for *operations, notifications and parameters* (of operations and notifications) please refer to 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +# 5 Void + +# 6 Information Object Classes (IOCs) + +## 6.1 Imported information entities and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| 3GPP TS 32.312 [5], information object class, ManagedGenericIRP | ManagedGenericIRP | +| 3GPP TS 32.602 [9], information object class, ManagedEntity | ManagedEntity | +| 3GPP TS 32.302 [12], information object class, NotificationIRP | NotificationIRP | +| 3GPP TS 32.111-2 [4], information object class, AlarmIRP | AlarmIRP | +| 3GPP TS 32.342 [10], information object class, FileTransferIRP | FileTransferIRP | + +## 6.2 Class diagram + +### 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This clause introduces the set of Support Information Object Classes (Support IOCs) that encapsulate information within the IRP Agent. The intent is to identify the information required for the PMIRP Agent implementation of its operations and notification emission. This clause provides the overview of all Support IOCs in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these support object classes. + +![UML Class Diagram showing relationships between PMIRP, MeasurementJobList, JobMeasurementSchedule, MeasurementJob, MeasurementReader, MeasuredAttribute, and ManagedEntity.](5e92d9e8e9ce204e405bff2367f88176_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class PMIRP { + <> + } + class MeasurementJobList { + <> + } + class JobMeasurementSchedule { + <> + } + class MeasurementJob { + <> + } + class MeasurementReader { + <> + } + class MeasuredAttribute { + <> + } + class ManagedEntity { + <> + } + + PMIRP "1" *-- "1" MeasurementJobList : + thePMIRP + relation-pmIRP-measurementJobList + MeasurementJobList "1" o-- "*" MeasurementJob : + theMeasurementJobList + relation-measurementJobList-measurementJob + JobMeasurementSchedule "1" o-- "*" MeasurementJob : + theJobSchedule + relation-measurementJob-jobMeasurementSchedule + MeasurementJob "1" o-- "1..*" MeasurementReader : + theMeasurementJob + relation-measurementJob-measurement + MeasuredAttribute "1..*" --> "1" ManagedEntity : + theMeasurement + relation-measuredAttribute-managedEntity +``` + +The diagram illustrates the relationships between several classes. At the top left, the **«SupportIOC» PMIRP** class has a composition relationship with the **«SupportIOC» MeasurementJobList** class, labeled **relation-pmIRP-measurementJobList**. The PMIRP class has an attribute **+ thePMIRP** and the MeasurementJobList class has an attribute **+ theMeasurementJobList**. The MeasurementJobList class has an aggregation relationship with the **«SupportIOC» MeasurementJob** class, labeled **relation-measurementJobList-measurementJob**. The MeasurementJobList class has an attribute **+ theMeasurementJobList** and the MeasurementJob class has an attribute **+ theMeasurementJob**. The **«SupportIOC» JobMeasurementSchedule** class has an aggregation relationship with the **«SupportIOC» MeasurementJob** class, labeled **relation-measurementJob-jobMeasurementSchedule**. The JobMeasurementSchedule class has an attribute **+ theJobSchedule** and the MeasurementJob class has an attribute **+ theMeasurementJob**. The MeasurementJob class has an aggregation relationship with the **«SupportIOC» MeasurementReader** class, labeled **relation-measurementJob-measurement**. The MeasurementJob class has an attribute **+ theMeasurementJob** and the MeasurementReader class has an attribute **+ theMeasurement**. Finally, the **«SupportIOC» MeasuredAttribute** class has a directed association with the **«ProxyClass» ManagedEntity** class, labeled **relation-measuredAttribute-managedEntity**. The MeasuredAttribute class has an attribute **+ theMeasurement** and the ManagedEntity class has an attribute **+ theManagedEntity**. + +UML Class Diagram showing relationships between PMIRP, MeasurementJobList, JobMeasurementSchedule, MeasurementJob, MeasurementReader, MeasuredAttribute, and ManagedEntity. + +Figure 6.2.1(a): Information Object Class UML Diagram - Measurement + +![UML Class Diagram for Thresholding](27b06ec9f42b5d727a2630f61a5f1861_img.jpg) + +This UML class diagram illustrates the relationships between several classes in a thresholding system. The diagram includes the following classes and associations: + +- «SupportIOC» PMIRP**: The central entity, which has a composition relationship with **«SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitorList**. The association is labeled **relation-pmIRP-thresholdMonitorList**. The multiplicity at the PMIRP end is 1, and at the ThresholdMonitorList end is + theThresholdMonitorList. +- «SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitorList**: A list of threshold monitors, which has a composition relationship with **«SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitor**. The association is labeled **relation-thresholdMonitorList-thresholdMonitor**. The multiplicity at the ThresholdMonitorList end is 1, and at the ThresholdMonitor end is \* + theThresholdMonitor. +- «SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitor**: An individual threshold monitor, which has a composition relationship with **«SupportIOC» MeasurementReader**. The association is labeled **relation-thresholdMonitor-measurement**. The multiplicity at the ThresholdMonitor end is 1, and at the MeasurementReader end is 1..\* + theMeasurement. +- «SupportIOC» ThresholdLevel**: A threshold level, which has a composition relationship with **«SupportIOC» MeasuredAttribute**. The association is labeled **relation-measuredAttribute-thresholdLevels**. The multiplicity at the ThresholdLevel end is 1..4 + theThresholdLevel, and at the MeasuredAttribute end is + theMeasuredAttribute. +- «SupportIOC» MeasuredAttribute**: A measured attribute, which has an association with **«ProxyClass» ManagedEntity**. The association is labeled **relation-measuredAttribute-managedEntity**. The multiplicity at the MeasuredAttribute end is 1..\*, and at the ManagedEntity end is 1..\*. + +``` +classDiagram + class PMIRP["«SupportIOC» PMIRP"] + class ThresholdMonitorList["«SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitorList"] + class ThresholdMonitor["«SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitor"] + class ThresholdLevel["«SupportIOC» ThresholdLevel"] + class MeasurementReader["«SupportIOC» MeasurementReader"] + class MeasuredAttribute["«SupportIOC» MeasuredAttribute"] + class ManagedEntity["«ProxyClass» ManagedEntity"] + + PMIRP "1" *-- "1 + theThresholdMonitorList" ThresholdMonitorList : relation-pmIRP-thresholdMonitorList + ThresholdMonitorList "1" *-- "*" + theThresholdMonitor ThresholdMonitor : relation-thresholdMonitorList-thresholdMonitor + ThresholdMonitor "1" *-- "1..* + theMeasurement" MeasurementReader : relation-thresholdMonitor-measurement + ThresholdLevel "1..4 + theThresholdLevel" *-- "+ theMeasuredAttribute" MeasuredAttribute : relation-measuredAttribute-thresholdLevels + MeasuredAttribute "1..*" -- "1..*" ManagedEntity : relation-measuredAttribute-managedEntity +``` + +UML Class Diagram for Thresholding + +Figure 6.2.1(b): Information Object Class UML Diagram - Thresholding + +![UML Class Diagram showing relationships between SupportIOC classes: PMIRP, ThresholdMonitorList, MeasurementJobList, MeasurementJob, ThresholdMonitor, MeasurementReader, ThresholdLevel, MeasuredAttribute, and ManagedEntity. Relationships include associations and compositions with multiplicity and role names.](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the following classes and relationships: + +- «SupportIOC» PMIRP**: The central entity, which has a composition relationship with **«SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitorList** (role: + thePMIRP) and **«SupportIOC» MeasurementJobList** (role: + thePMIRP). +- «SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitorList**: Associated with **«SupportIOC» PMIRP** (role: + theThresholdMonitorList) and **«SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitor** (role: + theThresholdMonitorList). +- «SupportIOC» MeasurementJobList**: Associated with **«SupportIOC» PMIRP** (role: + theMeasurementJobList) and **«SupportIOC» MeasurementJob** (role: + theMeasurementJobList). +- «SupportIOC» MeasurementJob**: Associated with **«SupportIOC» JobMeasurementSchedule** (role: + theJobSchedule), **«SupportIOC» MeasurementJobList** (role: + theMeasurementJob), and **«SupportIOC» MeasurementReader** (role: + theMeasurementJob). +- «SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitor**: Associated with **«SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitorList** (role: + theThresholdMonitor) and **«SupportIOC» MeasurementReader** (role: + theThresholdMonitor). +- «SupportIOC» MeasurementReader**: Associated with **«SupportIOC» MeasurementJob** (role: + theMeasurement), **«SupportIOC» ThresholdMonitor** (role: + theMeasurement), and **«ProxyClass» ManagedEntity** (role: + theMeasurement). +- «SupportIOC» ThresholdLevel**: Associated with **«SupportIOC» MeasuredAttribute** (role: + theThresholdLevel). +- «SupportIOC» MeasuredAttribute**: Associated with **«SupportIOC» ThresholdLevel** (role: + theMeasuredAttribute) and **«ProxyClass» ManagedEntity** (role: + theMeasuredAttribute). + +UML Class Diagram showing relationships between SupportIOC classes: PMIRP, ThresholdMonitorList, MeasurementJobList, MeasurementJob, ThresholdMonitor, MeasurementReader, ThresholdLevel, MeasuredAttribute, and ManagedEntity. Relationships include associations and compositions with multiplicity and role names. + +Figure 6.2.1(c): Information Object Class UML Diagram - Combined + +### 6.2.2 Inheritance + +This subclause depicts the inheritance relationships that exist between Support IOCs. + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from PMIRP to ManagedGenericRP.](3ad00ce93ad9dea9ee0f47535e5355e6_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows an inheritance relationship where **«SupportIOC» PMIRP** inherits from **«SupportIOC» ManagedGenericRP (from TS 32.312)**. + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from PMIRP to ManagedGenericRP. + +Figure 6.2.2: Information Object Class Inheritance UML Diagram + +## 6.3 Information Object Class (IOCs) definitions + +### 6.3.1 MeasurementJob + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +It represents a task that monitors and collects the performance measurement data, i.e. values of multiple measurementTypes of multiple ManagedEntity instances, at regular time intervals defined in JobMeasurementSchedule. + +The target measurementTypes are those measurementTypes, whose names are in the related MeasuredAttribute.measurementTypeName, of the related ManagedEntity instances. The attributes of MeasurementJob, JobMeasurementSchedule and MeasuredAttribute can not be modified (except jobStatus) once a measurement job is created. + +The MeasurementJob shall use its information and the information of the related JobMeasurementSchedule and the information of MeasuredAttribute(s) to perform measurement data collection during the MeasurementJob life-time. At the time of data collection, if MeasurementJob suspects the validity of the collected monitored values, the MeasurementJob should convey the fact to the IRPManager using the suspectFlag (3GPP TS 32.401 [7]) of the Report. The MeasurementJob will not emit any notification about this fact. Furthermore, the MeasurementJob shall continue to monitor the same target measurementTypes. Even in the worst possible case when the MeasurementJob cannot collect a single value from the target measurementTypes, the MeasurementJob must continue its activities according to the schedule created at MeasurementJob creation time. + +The PMIRP Agent may decide to stop a MeasurementJob because of a PMIRP Agent internal problem or other problems such as in the case when the related managed resource is not accessible (e.g. uninstalled) or there exist a prolonged communication link problem between the PMIRP Agent and the related managed resource. In such case, the PMIRP Agent can stop the MeasurementJob resulting in the MeasurementJob.jobStatus == "Stopped". Additionally, "notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged" notification shall be emitted to notify all subscribed IRPManagers about the stopping of a MeasurementJob. + +The PMIRP Agent may also selectively suspend one or more MeasurementJobs without any operator's action in case of overload. In such case, the PMIRP Agent suspends all the chosen MeasurementJob(s) resulting in the MeasurementJob.jobStatus == "Suspended" and emit "notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged" notification for each MeasurementJob to notify all subscribed IRPManager(s) about the suspension. The behaviour on threshold monitors of PMIRP Agent after suspending is the same as the one after calling suspendMeasurementJob. + +Then it should be possible, at any time, for the operator to resume a MeasurementJob suspended by the system. PMIRP agent may also resume the measurementJob by itself after detecting the end of the overload. When PMIRP Agent does not support the resumeMeasurementJob operation, PMIRP Agent shall resume the measurementJob automatically after detecting the end of overload. The behaviour of PMIRP Agent after resuming the measurementJob is the same as the one after calling resumeMeasurementJob. PMIRP Agent may suspend the corresponding measurementJob(s) when it can decide which one/ones cause(s) the overload; otherwise, PMIRP Agent can take jobPriority as a reference. The criterion for suspending one or another measurementJob of equal job priority is vendor specific. + +The way to detect the beginning and the end of overload is out of the scope of the present document. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| jobId | M | M | - | +| jobGranularityPeriod | M | M | - | +| jobReportingPeriod | M | M | - | +| jobStatus | M | M | - | +| jobPriority | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.1.3 State diagram + +![State diagram for MeasurementJob showing states: Scheduled, Suspended, Active, and Stopped with transitions and notes.](75f0cb39f1cd165dfe4a6aa6c4d9388d_img.jpg) + +The state diagram for `MeasurementJob` consists of four states: `Scheduled`, `Suspended`, `Active`, and `Stopped`. Transitions are as follows: `Scheduled` to `Suspended` via `suspendMeasurementJob`; `Suspended` to `Scheduled` via `resumeMeasurementJob and startTime not reached`; `Scheduled` to `Active` via `startTime reached`; `Active` to `Suspended` via `suspendMeasurementJob or suspended by system`; `Active` to `Stopped` via `stopTime reached or stopMeasurementJob or stopped by system`; `Suspended` to `Active` via `resumeMeasurementJob and startTime reached`; `Suspended` to `Stopped` via `stopTime reached or stopMeasurementJob or stopped by system`; `Scheduled` to `Stopped` via `stopMeasurementJob or stopped by system`. Initial state is `Scheduled` via `create`. Final state is `Stopped`. Notes: `Scheduled` (The measurement job is visible via Itf-N), `Stopped` (The measurement job is visible via Itf-N and not removed in IRPAGENT), `Active` (The measurement job is removed in IRPAGENT). + +``` +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> Scheduled : create + Scheduled --> Suspended : suspendMeasurementJob + Suspended --> Scheduled : resumeMeasurementJob and startTime not reached + Scheduled --> Active : startTime reached + Active --> Suspended : suspendMeasurementJob or suspended by system + Active --> Stopped : stopTime reached or stopMeasurementJob or stopped by system + Suspended --> Active : resumeMeasurementJob and startTime reached + Suspended --> Stopped : stopTime reached or stopMeasurementJob or stopped by system + Scheduled --> Stopped : stopMeasurementJob or stopped by system + Stopped --> [*] + note right of Scheduled : The measurement job is visible via Itf-N + note right of Stopped : The measurement job is visible via Itf-N and not removed in IRPAGENT + note right of Active : The measurement job is removed in IRPAGENT +``` + +State diagram for MeasurementJob showing states: Scheduled, Suspended, Active, and Stopped with transitions and notes. + +Figure 6.3.1.3.1: State Diagram for MeasurementJob + +![SubState Diagram of Active showing nested states: Busy and Idle with transitions.](9ae17964ddd9b814c7d905b1af2fddf2_img.jpg) + +The substate diagram for the `Active` state of `MeasurementJob` contains two substates: `Busy` and `Idle`. Transitions: `Busy` to `Idle` via `schedule ended`; `Idle` to `Busy` via `schedule reached`. + +``` +stateDiagram-v2 + state "Active" as Active { + state "Busy" as Busy + state "Idle" as Idle + Busy --> Idle : schedule ended + Idle --> Busy : schedule reached + } +``` + +SubState Diagram of Active showing nested states: Busy and Idle with transitions. + +Figure 6.3.1.3.2: SubState Diagram of Active + +The detailed description and state transition scenarios for `MeasurementJob` are in annex A. + +### 6.3.2 JobMeasurementSchedule + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +JobMeasurementSchedule is the representation of the time intervals when the measurement job monitors and collects the performance measurement data. The attributes of JobMeasurementSchedule can not be modified once a measurement job is created. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| jobStartTime | M | M | - | +| jobStopTime | M | M | - | +| jobSchedule | M | M | - | + +### 6.3.3 PMIRP + +#### 6.3.3.1 Definition + +PMIRP is the representation of the performance management capabilities specified by the present document. This Support IOC inherits from ManagedGenericIRP Support IOC specified in 3GPP TS 32.312 [5]. + +#### 6.3.3.2 Attribute + +There is no additional attribute defined for this Support IOC besides those inherited. + +#### 6.3.3.3 Notification + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|-------------------| +| notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged | M | See clause 7.6.1. | +| notifyThresholdMonitorObjectCreation | M (see note) | See clause 7.7.1. | +| notifyThresholdMonitorObjectDeletion | M (see note) | See clause 7.7.2. | +| notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged | O (see note) | See clause 7.7.3. | +| NOTE: This notification is defined within the PMIRPNotification_2 Interface (see clause 7.7) which is qualified as optional.
If the Interface is supported, then the qualifier defined here is relevant.
Otherwise, the qualifier is irrelevant. | | | + +### 6.3.4 MeasurementJobList + +#### 6.3.4.1 Definition + +MeasurementJobList is the representation of the list of MeasurementJobs. + +#### 6.3.4.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| jobListId | M | M | - | + +### 6.3.5 MeasuredAttribute + +#### 6.3.5.1 Definition + +It represents the name of the measurementType of the related ManagedEntity instance whose value is to be monitored and collected. The name of the monitored and collected measurementType is captured by measurementTypeName. + +#### 6.3.5.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| measurementTypeName | M | M | - | + +### 6.3.6 MeasurementReader + +#### 6.3.6.1 Definition + +It represents the capability to read the value of the measurementType of the related ManagedEntity instance. The value of the monitored and collected measurementType is captured by measurementResultValue. + +#### 6.3.6.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| measurementResultValue | M | M | - | +| probableCause | M | M | - | +| specificProblem | M | M | - | +| direction | M | M | - | + +### 6.3.7 ManagedEntity + +#### 6.3.7.1 Definition + +The IOC ManagedEntity represents an IOC defined in Network Resources Models, e.g. Generic Network Resource Model, Core Network Resource Model, UTRAN Network Resource Model or GERAN Network Resource Model. It also can represent VSE subclass of 3GPP defined NRM IOCs or VSE defined NRM IOCs. Besides, it can also represent a “private Object Class” as defined in TS 32.404, e.g. RA. ManagedEntity is used in the specification of PMIRP operations to represent an IOC defined in these Network Resource Models and private Object Classes. + +### 6.3.8 Monitor + +#### 6.3.8.1 Definition + +It represents a capability to determine the (a) threshold-crossing or (b) threshold-reaching and the threshold-clearing. This class is abstract in that it cannot be instantiated. The `ThresholdMonitor` inherits this class. + +It is the IRP Agent's choice to support (a) or (b) (but not both). The support is on an IRP Agent system wide basis and is not on a per threshold basis. The IRP Agent's behaviour regarding which approach (i.e., (a) or (b) above) to use, shall be the same for emitting alarms and for clearing alarms. + +The instances of a class derived from this abstract class shall emit `notifyThresholdMonitorObjectCreation` when they are first created; and shall emit a `notifyThresholdMonitorObjectDeletion` when deleted. + +The instances of a class derived from this abstract class shall also emit `notifyNewAlarm`, `notifyChangedAlarm` and `notifyClearedAlarm` according to the rules specified in Annex B: Threshold Alarm Triggering Events. The `objectClass` and `objectInstance` parameter of these notifications carry the class and DN of the `ManagedEntity` whose `measurementType` is being monitored and whose threshold condition has been triggered. The `eventType` of these notifications carry "Quality of Service Alarm". See 3GPP TS 32.111-2 [4]. + +#### 6.3.8.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| monitorId | M | M | - | +| monitorGranularityPeriod | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.8.3 Notification + +| Notification name | Note | +|---------------------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| notifyThresholdMonitorCreation | See clause 7.1 (class diagram). | +| notifyThresholdMonitorDeletion | See clause 7.1 (class diagram). | + +### 6.3.9 ThresholdMonitorList + +#### 6.3.9.1 Definition + +`ThresholdMonitorList` is the representation of the list of `ThresholdMonitors`. + +#### 6.3.9.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| monitorListId | M | M | - | + +### 6.3.10 ThresholdMonitor + +#### 6.3.10.1 Definition + +In order to monitor the overall health of the network, the thresholds are set by the authorized users to generate network performance related alarms. The `ThresholdMonitor` contains the values of the threshold settings for the PM parameters. If the threshold is (a) crossed or (b) reached (see 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)), a performance alarm will be emitted (see 3GPP TS 32.401 [7]). The name of the monitored `measurementType` is captured by `MeasuredAttribute.measurementTypeName` and the value of it is captured by `MeasurementReader.measurementResultValue`. + +#### 6.3.10.2 Attribute + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| thresholdMonitorStatus | M | M | - | + +### 6.3.11 ThresholdLevel + +#### 6.3.11.1 Definition + +It defines the thresholding criteria (via `ThresholdLevel.thresholdValue` and `ThresholdLevel.hysteresis`) for a `measurementType`. It also specifies the `thresholdSeverity` level (via `ThresholdLevel.thresholdSeverity`) carried in the alarm triggered by the (a) threshold crossing or (b) threshold reaching event. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)). + +#### 6.3.11.2 Attribute + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| thresholdValue | M | M | - | +| thresholdSeverity | M | M | - | +| hysteresis | M | M | - | + +## 6.4 Information relationship definitions + +### 6.4.1 relation-pmIRP-measurementJobList (M) + +#### 6.4.1.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between `PMIRP` and `MeasurementJobList`. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| theMeasurementJobList | It represents the MeasurementJobList . | +| thePMIRP | It represents the PMIRP . | + +#### 6.4.1.3 Constraint + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| uniqueJobListId | The jobListIds playing the role of theMeasurementJobList , are unique within a particular PMIRP . | + +### 6.4.2 relation-measurementJobList-measurementJob (M) + +#### 6.4.2.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between `MeasurementJobList` and `MeasurementJob`. + +#### 6.4.2.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| theMeasurementJob | It represents the MeasurementJob . | +| theMeasurementJobList | It represents the MeasurementJobList . | + +#### 6.4.2.3 Constraint + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| uniqueJobId | The jobIds of all MeasurementJobs , playing the role of theMeasurementJob , are unique within a particular PMIRP and MeasurementJobList . | + +### 6.4.3 relation-measurementJob-jobMeasurementSchedule (M) + +#### 6.4.3.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between `MeasurementJob` and `JobMeasurementSchedule`. + +#### 6.4.3.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------| +| theJobSchedule | It represents the JobMeasurementSchedule . | +| theMeasurementJob | It represents the MeasurementJob . | + +### 6.4.4 relation-measurementJob-measurement (M) + +#### 6.4.4.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between `MeasurementJob` and `MeasurementReader`. + +#### 6.4.4.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------|--------------------------------------| +| theMeasurement | It represents the MeasurementReader. | +| theMeasurementJob | It represents the MeasurementJob. | + +### 6.4.5 relation-measuredAttribute-managedEntity (M) + +#### 6.4.5.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between MeasuredAttribute and ManagedEntity. + +#### 6.4.5.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theMeasuredAttribute | The MeasuredAttribute, when playing this role, reads the monitored measurement types of the related ManagedEntity instances. The names of measurement types are captured by the MeasuredAttribute.MeasurementTypeName. When playing this role, the MeasuredAttribute is aware of the class name and DN of the ManagedEntity. | +| theME | The ManagedEntity, when playing this role, represents the actual network resource instance under measurement or whose measurementTypes are being monitored for (a) threshold-crossing or (b) threshold-reaching and threshold-clearing. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) | + +#### 6.4.5.3 Constraint + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| applyToSameObjectClasses | The MeasuredAttribute, which playing the role of "theMeasuredAttribute", can monitor the thresholds of the measurementTypes of one or multiple managed object instances of the same managed object class, which playing the role of "theME". | + +### 6.4.6 relation-pmIRP-thresholdMonitorList (M) + +#### 6.4.6.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between PMIRP and ThresholdMonitorList. + +#### 6.4.6.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| theThresholdMonitorList | It represents the ThresholdMonitorList. | +| thePMIRP | It represents the PMIRP. | + +#### 6.4.6.3 Constraint + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| uniqueMonitorListId | The monitorListIds playing the role of theThresholdMonitorList, are unique within a particular PMIRP. | + +### 6.4.7 relation-thresholdMonitorList-thresholdMonitor (M) + +#### 6.4.7.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between ThresholdMonitorList and ThresholdMonitor. + +#### 6.4.7.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| theThresholdMonitor | It represents the ThresholdMonitor. | +| theThresholdMonitorList | It represents the ThresholdMonitorList. | + +#### 6.4.7.3 Constraint + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| uniqueMonitorId | The monitorIds of all ThresholdMonitors, playing the role of theThresholdMonitor, are unique within a particular ThresholdMonitorList. | + +### 6.4.8 relation-thresholdMonitor-measurement (M) + +#### 6.4.8.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between ThresholdMonitor and MeasurementReader. + +#### 6.4.8.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------|--------------------------------------| +| theMeasurement | It represents the MeasurementReader. | +| theThresholdMonitor | It represents the ThresholdMonitor. | + +### 6.4.9 relation-measuredAttribute-thresholdLevels (M) + +#### 6.4.9.1 Definition + +This represents the relationship between `MeasuredAttribute` and `ThresholdLevel`. + +#### 6.4.9.2 Role + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| theMeasuredAttribute | The MeasuredAttribute , when playing this role, can have 1..4 ThresholdLevel associates with it to set the (a) threshold-crossing or (b) threshold reaching and the clearing criteria (i.e. ThresholdLevel.thresholdValue , ThresholdLevel.hysteresis ) and associated thresholdSeverity (i.e. ThresholdLevel.thresholdSeverity ) of the monitored measurementType . (see 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) | +| theThresholdLevel | When playing this role, the ThresholdLevel captures the (a) threshold-crossing or (b) threshold-reaching and the threshold-clearing criteria and its associated thresholdSeverity level. (see 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) | + +#### 6.4.9.3 Constraint + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| noMoreThanFourLevels | A MeasuredAttribute may have no more than four ThresholdLevels associated with it. | + +## 6.5 Information attribute definition + +### 6.5.1 Definition and legal values + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| direction |

For some measurementType, the higher its thresholdValue, the higher is the thresholdSeverity. For others, the lower its thresholdValue, the higher is its thresholdSeverity. This attribute identifies if the measurementType is of the former (i.e. "Increasing") or latter type (i.e. "Decreasing"). If it is "Increasing", the threshold event is triggered when the value first equals or exceeds (when compared against the last read value) a threshold value. The threshold is said to be cleared when the measurementType value falls below (when compared against the last read value) one or more threshold values. If it is "Decreasing", the threshold event is triggered when the measurementType value first equals or falls below one or more threshold values. The threshold is said to be cleared when the measurementType value rises above the threshold value.

See annex B (Threshold Related Performance Alarm Triggering Events) for details of the behaviour of multiple thresholds.

| Possible values are: "Increasing", "Decreasing" | +| hysteresis |

A threshold has a value. It can have a hysteresis. A threshold with a hysteresis has a threshold-high and a threshold-low value that are different from the threshold value. A hysteresis, therefore, defines the threshold-high and threshold-low levels within which the measurementType value is allowed to oscillate without triggering a (a) threshold-crossing or (b) threshold-reaching or a threshold-clearing condition. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b))

threshold-high = threshold + hysteresis
threshold-low = threshold - hysteresis

See annex B (Threshold Related Performance Alarm Triggering Events).

| Any positive value | +| jobGranularityPeriod | It specifies the period between two successive measurements. |

The value can be 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours.

The minimum granularity period is 5 minutes in most cases, but for some measurements it may only make sense to collect data in a larger granularity period.

| +| jobId | It identifies the MeasurementJob instance (and distinguishes it from all other existing and stopped MeasurementJob instances of the PMIRP Agent). |

Any identifier except:

  1. 1. Those that identify MeasurementJob instances whose MeasurementJob.jobStatus(s) are Scheduled, Active, Suspended or Stopped; and
  2. 2. Those that appear in filenames of files ready for IRPManager retrieval.
| +| jobListId | It identifies the singleton MeasurementJobList of the PMIRP Agent. | Any identifier. | +| jobReportingPeriod | It specifies the period between two successive emissions of notifyFileReady or notifyFilePreparationError [10]. The two notifications are related to the same Job. See constraints reportTime in clause 6.5.2. | Its value should be one or multiple of jobGranularityPeriod. | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| jobScheduling | It specifies the detailed time frames during which the MeasurementJob.jobStatus = Active and its substate = Busy. | Its value is only one of the following, dailyScheduling or weeklyScheduling . The legal values for them refer to ITU-T Recommendation X.721 [3].
The legal values for them are as follows.
dailyScheduling :
{ { intervalStart {hour 0, minute 0},
intervalEnd {hour 23, minute 59} } }

weeklyScheduling :
{ { daysOfWeek '1111111'B,
intervalsOfDay dailyScheduling } } | +| jobStartTime | It specifies the begin time from which the MeasurementJob will be active. | All values that indicate valid timestamp. | +| jobStatus | It specifies the status of MeasurementJob . | Its value should be one of the following: Scheduled , Active , Suspended , Stopped | +| jobPriority | It specifies the priority of MeasurementJob | Its value should be one of the following: Low , Medium , High | +| jobStopTime | It specifies the end time after which the MeasurementJob will be stopped. | All values that indicate valid timestamp and it should be later than jobStartTime . It's not necessary that jobStartTime and jobStopTime specifies time within the same day.
This attribute may carry the value "indefinitely". | +| measurementResultValue | It identifies the value of a measurement type. | Any valid measurement result value. | +| measurementTypeName | It identifies a name of one measurement type whose value is being collected and monitored. | Any valid measurement type name as defined by the measurement definition template in 3GPP TS 32.404 [17]. | +| monitorGranularityPeriod | It specifies the period between two successive reading of the thresholdValue to determine (a) threshold-crossing or (b) threshold-reaching and threshold-clearing. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) | It can be 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 12 hours or 24 hours.
It has to be a multiple of the jobGranularityPeriod if the MeasurementJob monitoring the same measurementType exists. | +| monitorId | It identifies the ThresholdMonitor instance (and distinguishes it from all other existing ThresholdMonitor instances of the PMIRP Agent). | Any identifier except those that are currently used. | +| monitorListId | It identifies the singleton ThresholdMonitorList in the PMIRP Agent. | Any identifier. | +| probableCause | It identifies the probable cause (of the (a) threshold crossing or (b) threshold reaching) carried by the threshold crossing or reaching alarm. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) | "Threshold Crossed" | +| thresholdSeverity | It identifies the thresholdSeverity of the (a) threshold crossing or (b) threshold reaching event. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) | Warning , Minor , Major , Critical | +| specificProblem | It identifies the specific problem (causing the (a) threshold crossing or (b) threshold reaching) carried by the threshold crossing or reaching alarm. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) | Any valid specificProblem as defined by 3GPP TS 32.111-2 [4]. | +| thresholdMonitorStatus | It specifies the current status of the ThresholdMonitor . | Active - ThresholdMonitor is working;
Suspended - ThresholdMonitor is suspended. | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| thresholdValue | It defines the threshold value of the monitored measurementTypes. If the value is (a) crossed or (b) reached, the performance alarm shall be emitted depending on the value of the thresholdMonitorStatus. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) | If the monitored measurementType is of Gauge type, this thresholdValue shall be of the same type.
If the monitored measurementType is of counter type, then this value should be expressed as a rate, i.e., the number of units of type of the monitored measurementType over unit of time.
Note this rate is independent from the monitorGranularityPeriod. This means that changes in the monitorGranularityPeriod should not impact the rate used for threshold monitoring. | + +### 6.5.2 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| firstReportTime | If the jobReportingPeriod is n times the jobGranularityPeriod, then the first report time shall be immediately after the completion of the n-th successful measurementType reading. | +| measurementTypeReadTimes | The measurementType reading times are determined by the following rules.
  • - If jobGranularityPeriod is 5 minutes, then read on every 5th minute of the hour.
  • - If jobGranularityPeriod is 15 minutes, then read on every 15th minute of the hour.
  • - If jobGranularityPeriod is 30 minutes, then read on every 30th minute of the hour
  • - If jobGranularityPeriod is 1 hour, then read on every hour of the day
  • - If jobGranularityPeriod is 12 hours, then the first read shall be as soon as possible on the hour and subsequent reads shall be at 12 hours interval.
  • - If jobGranularityPeriod is 24 hours, then the first read shall be as soon as possible on the hour and subsequent reads shall be at 24 hours interval.
| +| multiLevelSeverity HysteresisOverlap | For each ThresholdLevel.thresholdSeverity, there may be a ThresholdLevel.hysteresis value corresponding to it. These multi-level values of ThresholdLevel.hysteresis, relating to one ThresholdMonitor, shall not overlap. | +| multiLevelSeverityOrder | The multiple ThresholdLevel(s), related to one ThresholdMonitor, shall be of the following order. If ThresholdLevel.thresholdSeverity of one instance is higher than that of the other instance and the direction is 'Increasing', then the ThresholdLevel.thresholdValue is higher than that of the other. If ThresholdLevel.thresholdSeverity of one instance is higher than that of the other instance and the direction is 'Decreasing', then the ThresholdLevel.thresholdValue is lower than that of the other. | +| numberOfThresholdLevelPerThresholdMonitor | In relation-tMonitor-tLevel, the multiplicity of theThresholdLevel is "1..4".
If PMIRP supports multi-level thresholdSeverity, then there are at most 4 ThresholdLevels relating to one ThresholdMonitor. All ThresholdLevel.thresholdSeverity instances shall hold a different value that is chosen from the following: 'Critical', 'Major', 'Warning' and 'Minor'.
If PMIRP does not support multi-level thresholdSeverity, then there is only one ThresholdLevel relating to one ThresholdMonitor. The sole ThresholdLevel.thresholdSeverity shall hold one of the following: 'Critical', 'Major', 'Warning' or 'Minor'. | + +# 7 Interface definition + +## 7.1 Class diagram + +![UML Class Diagram for PMIRP interface and its dependencies.](4cde160bcc69b7b6c81b648dd0e4252e_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class PMIRP { + <> + } + class PMIRPNotifications_1 { + <> + notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged() + } + class PMIRPNotifications_2 { + <> + notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged() + notifyThresholdMonitorObjectCreation() + notifyThresholdMonitorObjectDeletion() + } + class PMIRPOperations_1 { + <> + createMeasurementJob() + stopMeasurementJob() + suspendMeasurementJob() + resumeMeasurementJob() + listMeasurementJobs() + } + class PMIRPOperations_2 { + <> + createThresholdMonitor() + deleteThresholdMonitor() + listThresholdMonitors() + } + class PMIRPOperation_3 { + <> + suspendThresholdMonitor() + resumeThresholdMonitor() + } + class AlarmIRP { + <> + (from TS 32.111) + } + class FileTransferIRP { + <> + (from TS 32.342) + } + class NotificationIRP { + <> + (from TS 32.302) + } + class AlarmIRPNotifications_2 { + <> + (from TS 32.111) + } + class AlarmIRPNotifications_1 { + <> + (from TS 32.111) + } + class FileTransferIRPNotifications_1 { + <> + (from TS 32.342) + } + class FileTransferIRPOperations_1 { + <> + (from TS 32.342) + } + + PMIRP --> PMIRPNotifications_1 : <> + PMIRP --> PMIRPNotifications_2 : <> + PMIRP --> PMIRPOperations_1 : <> + PMIRP --> PMIRPOperations_2 : <> + PMIRP --> PMIRPOperation_3 : <> + PMIRP -.-> NotificationIRP : <> + PMIRP -.-> AlarmIRP : <> + PMIRP -.-> FileTransferIRP : <> + PMIRPNotifications_1 -.-> NotificationIRP : <> + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPNotifications_2 : <> + AlarmIRP --> AlarmIRPNotifications_1 : <> + FileTransferIRP --> FileTransferIRPNotifications_1 : <> + FileTransferIRP -.-> FileTransferIRPOperations_1 : <> +``` + +The class diagram illustrates the PMIRP interface and its associated notifications and operations. The central element is the **PMIRP** interface, which is a **SupportIOC**. It has several dependencies and realizations: + +- PMIRP** **«use»** **PMIRPNotifications\_1** (Notification): `notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged()` +- PMIRP** **«may use»** **PMIRPNotifications\_2** (Notification): `notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged()`, `notifyThresholdMonitorObjectCreation()`, `notifyThresholdMonitorObjectDeletion()` +- PMIRP** **«use»** **PMIRPOperations\_1** (Interface): `createMeasurementJob()`, `stopMeasurementJob()`, `suspendMeasurementJob()`, `resumeMeasurementJob()`, `listMeasurementJobs()` +- PMIRP** **«may realize»** **PMIRPOperations\_2** (Interface): `createThresholdMonitor()`, `deleteThresholdMonitor()`, `listThresholdMonitors()` +- PMIRP** **«may realize»** **PMIRPOperation\_3** (Interface): `suspendThresholdMonitor()`, `resumeThresholdMonitor()` + +There are also internal usage dependencies from **PMIRP** to **NotificationIRP** (from TS 32.302), **AlarmIRP** (from TS 32.111), and **FileTransferIRP** (from TS 32.342). Additionally, **PMIRPNotifications\_1** has an **«agent-internal-usage»** dependency on **NotificationIRP**. **AlarmIRP** **«may use»** **AlarmIRPNotifications\_2** and **«use»** **AlarmIRPNotifications\_1**. **FileTransferIRP** **«use»** **FileTransferIRPNotifications\_1** and has an **«agent-internal-usage»** dependency on **FileTransferIRPOperations\_1**. + +UML Class Diagram for PMIRP interface and its dependencies. + +NOTE 1: PMIRPNotifications\_2 is mandatory if PMIRPOperations\_2 is supported. + +NOTE 2: The suspendMeasurementJob and resumeMeasurementJob operations are optional. + +Figure 7.1: Class Diagram + +## 7.2 Generic rules + +- **Rule 1:** each operation with at least one input parameter supports a pre-condition `valid_input_parameter` which indicates that all input parameters shall be valid with regards to their information type. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception `operation_failed_invalid_input_parameter` which is raised when pre-condition `valid_input_parameter` is false. The exception has the same entry and exit state. +- **Rule 2:** each operation with at least one optional input parameter supports a set of pre-conditions `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` where "xxx" is the name of the optional input parameter and the pre-condition indicates that the operation supports the named optional input parameter. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception `operation_failed_unsupported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` which is raised when (a) the pre-condition `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` is false and (b) the named optional input parameter is carrying information. The exception has the same entry and exit state. +- **Rule 3:** each operation shall support a generic exception `operation_failed_internal_problem` which is raised when an internal problem occurs and that the operation cannot be completed. The exception has the same entry and exit state. + +NOTE: These rules are mapped at the solution set level. Pre-conditions and exceptions, generated by these rules, need not appear explicitly in the present document. + +## 7.3 PMIRPOOperations\_1 Interface (M) + +### 7.3.1 Operation createMeasurementJob (M) + +#### 7.3.1.1 Definition + +This operation supports IRPManager's request to create a `MeasurementJob` through `Itf-N`. + +Once created, the attributes of `MeasurementJob` (except `MeasurementJob.jobStatus`) and the related `JobMeasurementSchedule` and `MeasuredAttribute` will not be modified during the life-time of the `MeasurementJob`. + +One `MeasurementJob` can collect the value of one or multiple `measurementTypes`. + +When a `measurementType` is collected by one `MeasurementJob` for a given instance, another `MeasurementJob` which wants to collect the same `measurementType` for the same instance with different or the same `jobGranularityPeriod` may be rejected. This behaviour shall be consistent for a given implementation by a specific vendor. + +#### 7.3.1.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|-------------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| iOCName | M | ManagedEntity.objectClass | It specifies one Managed Entity class name. IRPManager requests that one or more measurementType(s) of the instances of this class to be monitored. | +| iOCInstanceList | M | List of |

It specifies the list of DNs of ManagedEntity instances whose measurementType(s) are to be collected.

ManagedEntity instance(s) can be added in the network regardless of whether a MeasurementJob exists or not.

An empty list means that all instances known by PMIRP shall be monitored.

The support of the use of empty list to indicate all instances is optional.

If the MeasurementJob is created using empty list, there are two possible implementations:

  1. 1) PMIRP shall monitor all instances known by PMIRP at the time of MeasurementJob creation, and it will not monitor instances added later.
  2. 2) PMIRP shall monitor all instances known by PMIRP at the time of MeasurementJob creation, and it shall monitor instances added later.
| +| measurementCategoryList | M | List of |

MeasuredAttribute. MeasurementTypeName specifies the corresponding name of measurementType to be measured.

The element of measurementCategoryList could be one of the following:

  • - The form "family.measurementName.subcounter" can be used in order to retrieve a specified subcounter of a MeasurementType.
  • - The form "family.measurementName" can be used in order to retrieve a specific MeasurementType. In case the MeasurementType includes subcounters, all subcounters will be retrieved.
  • - The form "family" can be used in order to retrieve all MeasurementTypes in this family.

At least, one element of measurementCategoryList shall be specified.

| +| granularityPeriod | M | MeasurementJob.jobGranularityPeriod | See clause 6.5.1 (definition and legal values). | +| reportingPeriod | M | MeasurementJob.jobReportingPeriod |

See clause 6.5.1 (definition and legal values).

PMIRP will periodically monitor the performance data according to the "reportingPeriod" parameter and produces an aggregated report in one or more files. These files shall be transferred through file transfer mechanism covered by the File Transfer IRP IS (see TS 32.342 [10]).

| +| startTime | O | JobMeasurementSchedule.jobStartTime |

See clause 6.5.1 (definition and legal values).

Default value is "start now". If startTime is in the past, the current time will be used and the job will start immediately.

| +| stopTime | O | JobMeasurementSchedule.jobStopTime |

See clause 6.5.1 (definition and legal values).

Default value for jobStopTime is to run indefinitely. StopTime shall be later than startTime and current time.

| +| schedule | O | JobMeasurementSchedule.jobSchedule |

See clause 6.5.1 (definition and legal values).

Default value is "daily".

| +| priority | O | MeasurementJob.jobPriority |

See clause 6.5.1 (definition and legal values).

Default value is "Medium"

| + +#### 7.3.1.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-----------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| jobId | M | MeasurementJob.jobId | Unique identifier of the MeasurementJob from all the existing and stopped MeasurementJobs in a PMIRP Agent. | +| unsupportedList | M | List of <
ManagedEntity.objectInstance,
MeasuredAttribute.measurementTypeName,
reason
> | To create a MeasurementJob, best-effort is required. The parameter of 'unsupportedList' must be returned if status = PartialSuccess. The reason can be any of:
measurementTypeName is unknown to the PMIRP.
measurementTypeName is invalid.
measurementTypeName is not supported in the specific implementation.
The related IOC Instance is unknown (e.g. it does not exist at the time of this operation invocation) to the PMIRP.
Insufficient capacity to monitor the related IOC Instance(s).
measurementTypeName is already monitored for the IOC instance with the same or another granularity period.
When the input parameter iocInstanceList is empty, the unsupportedList shall be empty. | +| status | M | ENUM (Success, Failure, PartialSuccess) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.3.1.4 Pre-condition + +atLeastOneValidMeasurementType AND validStartTime AND validStopTime AND validSchedule AND validGranularityPeriod AND validReportingPeriod AND sufficientCapacity AND validPriority. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| atLeastOneValidMeasurementType | At least one input measurementType is valid. The word valid means that the PMIRP is aware of this measurementType name, is aware of the ManagedEntity holding such measurementType and that the MeasurementJob created can monitor its value according to the monitoring criteria, e.g. granularity period, given in the input parameter. | +| validStartTime | The startTime is valid. | +| validStopTime | The stopTime is valid. | +| validSchedule | The schedule is valid. | +| validGranularityPeriod | The granularityPeriod is valid. | +| validReportingPeriod | The reportingPeriod is valid. | +| sufficientCapacity | The resource of EM and NE can support the requested measurement. | +| validPriority | The priority is valid. | + +#### 7.3.1.5 Post-condition + +someMeasurementTypeNamesMonitored AND notifyMeasurementJobStatusChangedMayBeEmitted. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| someMeasurementTypeNamesMonitored | At least one input measurementTypeName is monitored by the newly created MeasurementJob. | +| notifyMeasurementJobStatusChangedMayBeEmitted | If start time is "start now", the MeasurementJob.jobStatus turns "Active" and a notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged is emitted. | + +#### 7.3.1.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| invalidStartTime | Condition: validStartTime is false.
Returned Information: Name of the exception; status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| invalidStopTime | Condition: validStopTime is false.
Returned Information: Name of the exception; status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| invalidSchedule | Condition: validSchedule is false.
Returned Information: Name of the exception; status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| invalidGranularityPeriod | Condition: validGranularityPeriod is false.
Returned Information: Name of the exception; status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| invalidReportingPeriod | Condition: validReportingPeriod is false.
Returned Information: Name of the exception; status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| highWorkLoad | Condition: sufficientCapacity is false.
Returned Information: Name of the exception and the detailed reason which is one of: emCpuBusy; emHDShortage, emLowMemory, {neCpuBusy, neObjectInstList}, {neHDShortage neObjectInstList}, {neLowMemory, neObjectInstList}, maxJobReached, otherReason; status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| invalidPriority | Condition: validPriority is false.
Returned Information: Name of the exception; status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| noValidMeasurementType | Condition: (atLeastOneValidMeasurementType) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | + +### 7.3.2 Operation stopMeasurementJob (M) + +#### 7.3.2.1 Definition + +This operation supports IRPManager's request to stop a MeasurementJob through Itf-N, after which, the MeasurementJob may still be visible via Itf-N. Whether the MeasurementJob is removed from the managed system is vendor specific and out of scope of the present document. + +The behaviour of the IRPAgent when the job is stopped is vendor specific, which means the job could be stopped at the end of the GranularityPeriod or immediately. + +After the job has been stopped, the notifyFileReady or notifyFilePreparationError notification shall be emitted immediately or when the next reporting period is reached. + +#### 7.3.2.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|----------------------|------------------------------------------------| +| JobId | M | MeasurementJob.jobId | It specifies the MeasurementJob to be stopped. | + +#### 7.3.2.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Status | M | ENUM (Success,Failure) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.3.2.4 Pre-condition + +measurementJobExists AND measurementJobCanBeStopped. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| measurementJobExists | MeasurementJob specified in the input parameter exists. | +| measurementJobCanBeStopped | MeasurementJob specified in the input parameter can be stopped now. | + +#### 7.3.2.5 Post-condition + +measurementJobIsStopped AND notifyMeasurementJobStatusChangedEmitted. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| measurementJobIsStopped. | The MeasurementJob identified by jobId is stopped but may still be visible via Itf-N. The Job state is "Stopped". | +| notifyMeasurementJobStatusChangedEmitted | The notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged is emitted. | + +#### 7.3.2.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| unknownJob | Condition: (MeasurementJobExists) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | +| jobCannotBeStopped | Condition: (measurementJobCanBeStopped) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | + +### 7.3.3 Operation suspendMeasurementJob (O) + +#### 7.3.3.1 Definition + +This operation supports IRPManager's request to suspend a MeasurementJob through Itf-N. When the MeasurementJob is suspended, the collection of measurement result data by the MeasurementJob will stop, + +regardless of its schedule, but the `MeasurementJob` still exists. The suspend operation is necessary in following situation: + +- High work load experienced by managed system. +- The specified measurement data is not needed in a specific duration. +- Other specific requirement. + +After the job has been suspended, the `notifyFileReady` or `notifyFilePreparationError` notification shall be emitted immediately or when the next reporting period is reached. + +#### 7.3.3.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|--------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------| +| jobId | M | MeasurementJob.jobId | It specifies the MeasurementJob to be suspended. | + +#### 7.3.3.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|---------------------|-----------|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| status | M | ENUM (Success,Failure) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.3.3.4 Pre-condition + +`measurementJobExists` AND `measurementJobIsNotSuspended`. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| measurementJobExists | The MeasurementJob specified in the input parameter exists. | +| measurementJobIsNotSuspended | The MeasurementJob specified in the input parameter is not suspended. | + +#### 7.3.3.5 Post-condition + +`measurementJobIsSuspended` AND `notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChangedEmitted` AND `notifyMeasurementJobStatusChangedEmitted`. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MeasurementJobIsSuspended | The MeasurementJob identified by measurementJobId is suspended. It means the following.
(a) All files open for capturing measurement results are closed.
(b) If one of the files closed contain measurement data, a notifyFileReady is emitted indicating the availability of the file(s).
(c) No more reading of measurementType values.
(d) The MeasurementJob.jobStatus is set to 'Suspended'.
(e) For an IRPAgent using the measurement result data for threshold monitoring, the detection of the related performance alarm conditions is suspended. | +| notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChangedEmitted | The notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged is emitted, if the ThresholdMonitor behaviour is dependent on the availability of the measurement result. | +| notifyMeasurementJobStatusChangedEmitted | The notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged is emitted. | + +#### 7.3.3.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| unknownJob | Condition: (measurementJobExists) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | +| jobAlreadySuspended | Condition: (measurementJobIsNotSuspended) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | + +### 7.3.4 Operation resumeMeasurementJob (O) + +#### 7.3.4.1 Definition + +This operation supports IRPManager's request to resume a suspended MeasurementJob. When the MeasurementJob is resumed, it will work according to criteria (e.g. granularity period, startTime, stopTime, schedule) set up by the corresponding createMeasurementJob operation. + +#### 7.3.4.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|----------------------|------------------------------------------------| +| jobId | M | MeasurementJob.jobId | It specifies the MeasurementJob to be resumed. | + +#### 7.3.4.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| status | M | ENUM (Success, Failure) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.3.4.4 Pre-condition + +measurementJobExists AND measurementJobIsSuspended AND sufficientCapacity. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------| +| measurementJobExists | MeasurementJob specified by the input parameter exists. | +| measurementJobIsSuspended | MeasurementJob specified by the input parameter is suspended. | +| sufficientCapacity | The resource of EM and NE can support the requested measurement. | + +#### 7.3.4.5 Post-condition + +measurementJobIsResumed AND notifyMeasurementJobStatusChangedEmitted. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| measurementJobIsResumed | The MeasurementJob identified by MeasurementJobId is resumed., It means the following. This resumed MeasurementJob shall behave as it did when it was first created by createMeasurementJob. Depending on the current time and the JobMeasurementSchedule.startTime, the MeasurementJob.jobStatus will be set accordingly. | +| notifyMeasurementJobStatusChangedEmitted | The notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged is emitted. | + +#### 7.3.4.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| unknownJob | Condition: (measurementJobExists) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | +| jobIsNotSuspended | Condition: (measurementJobIsSuspended) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | +| highWorkLoad | Condition: sufficientCapacity is false.
Returned Information: Name of the exception and the detailed reason which is one of: emCpuBusy; emHDShortage, emLowMemory, {neCpuBusy, neObjectInstList}, {neHDShortage neObjectInstList}, {neLowMemory, neObjectInstList}, maxJobReached, otherReason; status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +### 7.3.5 Operation listMeasurementJobs (M) + +#### 7.3.5.1 Definition + +This operation supports IRPManager's request to list the information of all or a set of specified current MeasurementJobs. + +#### 7.3.5.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|-----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| jobIdList | M | List of
| This parameter specifies the criteria to list the MeasurementJobs. If the parameter specifies the list of jobId to be retrieved, then the corresponding information of jobs will be returned. If the parameter contains no information, all the MeasurementJobs are retrieved. | + +#### 7.3.5.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| jobInfoList | M | List of < attributes of MeasurementJob, attributes of JobMeasurementSchedule, (refer to definition and legal values in clause 6.5.1) iOCName, iOCInstanceList, measurementCategoryList (refer to input parameter of createMeasurementJob in clause 7.3.1.2) > | Returned information of corresponding MeasurementJobs matching the input criteria. If no match, then the length of the jobInfoList will be 0 (with status == Success).
Jobs are created by successful invocation of createMeasurementJob (see 7.3.1.2).
If the job is created using non-empty iOCInstanceList in createMeasurementJob, then iOCInstanceList here shall contain the DNs of the supported IOC instances.
If the job is created using empty iOCInstanceList, then iOCInstanceList here shall be empty as well. This case is valid only if IRPAgent support the use of empty list. (see clause 7.3.1.2) | +| status | M | ENUM (Success, Failure) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.3.5.4 Pre-condition + +jobIdListIsValid. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------|------------------------------------------------------| +| jobIdListIsValid | jobIdList specified in the input parameter is valid. | + +#### 7.3.5.5 Post-condition + +measurementJobsAreReturned AND measurementJobNotAffected. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| measurementJobsAreReturned | The information of required MeasurementJobs are returned in the output parameters. | +| measurementJobNotAffected | The current MeasurementJob(s) are not affected by the operation. | + +#### 7.3.5.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| invalidJobIdList | Condition: (jobIdListIsValid) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | + +## 7.4 PMIRPOperations\_2 Interface (O) + +### 7.4.1 Operation createThresholdMonitor (M) + +#### 7.4.1.1 Definition + +This operation supports IRPManager's request to create a ThresholdMonitor that defines the thresholds for some specific measurementTypes. If the threshold defined is (a) crossed or (b) reached, the related performance alarms will be emitted to subscribed IRPManager(s). + +Two cases are allowed: + +- One case only accepts threshold monitoring of measurementType(s) that are already under monitoring by an existing MeasurementJob. This kind of PMIRP will not monitor a measurementType for (a) threshold-crossing or (b) threshold reaching or for clearing if that measurementType is not already subject to a MeasurementJob monitoring. This kind of PMIRP will only determine the (a) threshold crossing or (b) threshold reaching and clearing events when the related MeasurementJob(s) are in Active states. The IRPManager, when interacting with this kind of PMIRP, must first start a MeasurementJob to monitor the measurementTypes and then invoke this operation for the same measurementTypes. +- The other case is that it can accept threshold monitoring of measurementType(s) regardless if they are already under monitoring by existing MeasurementJob(s). ThresholdMonitor is independent of any existing MeasurementJob(s) and no new MeasurementJob(s) are created for threshold monitoring purposes. + +(See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) + +#### 7.4.1.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|--------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| iOCName | M | ManagedEntity.objectClass | It specifies the ManagedEntity class name of the instances specified by iOCInstanceList. | +| iOCInstanceList | M | List of | It specifies the DNs of ManagedEntity instances whose measurementTypes are to be monitored. At least, one instance shall be specified. | +| thresholdInfoList | M | List of
>

where thresholdPack is list of thresholdPackElement.
The thresholdPackElement is STRUCT
<
ThresholdLevel.thresholdValue,
ThresholdLevel.thresholdSeverity,
ThresholdLevel.hysteresis,
> | It specifies the thresholds to specific measurementTypes. See clause 6.5.1 (definition and legal values). The number of ThresholdLevel in thresholdLevelList must be 1, 2, 3 or 4. | +| monitorGranularityPeriod | M | Monitor.monitorGranularityPeriod | See clause 6.5.1 (definition and legal values). | + +#### 7.4.1.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-----------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| monitorId | M | ThresholdMonitor.monitorId. | It specifies the unique identifier of the ThresholdMonitor in the PMIRP Agent. | +| unsupportedList | M | List of | To create a ThresholdMonitor, best-effort is required. This parameter identifies the unsupported but requested measurementType(s). The reason can be:
(a) The PMIRP has trouble starting monitoring the threshold of this measurementType.
(b) The measurementType is illegal.
(c) The measurementType exists but it is not currently under monitoring by any MeasurementJob and that the PMIRP requires that it be under monitoring by MeasurementJob (before it can be monitored for thresholding).
(d) Hysteresis is overlapped.
This parameter is used only when the operation returns 'PartialSuccess'. | +| status | M | ENUM (Success,Failure, PartialSuccess) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.4.1.4 Pre-condition + +validGranularityPeriod AND someValidMeasurementType AND validDirection AND validNumberOfThresholdPackElements AND validOrderOfThresholdPackElements. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| validGranularityPeriod | The monitorGranularityPeriod is valid. | +| someValidMeasurementType | At least one requested measurementType can be monitored for thresholding. | +| validDirection | The direction is valid. | +| validNumberOfThresholdPackElements | If PMIRP supports multi-level thresholdSeverity, it is valid if the number of elements in thresholdPack is 1, 2, 3 or 4.
If PMIRP does not support multi-level thresholdSeverity, it is valid if the number is 1. | +| validOrderOfThresholdPackElements | This assertion is applicable if PMIRP supports multi-level thresholdSeverity. It is valid if it satisfies the constraint defined by multiLevelSeverityOrder of clause 6.5.2 (constrains). | + +#### 7.4.1.5 Post-condition + +thresholdMonitorIsCreated AND notifyObjectCreationEmitted. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| thresholdMonitorIsCreated | The ThresholdMonitor identified by monitorId exists. And the performance alarm shall be emitted if the thresholds are (a) crossed or (b) reached and the thresholdMonitorStatus is "Active". (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b))
The ThresholdMonitor.thresholdMonitorStatus will be Active. | +| notifyObjectCreationEmitted | The notifyObjectCreation is emitted to indicate the creation of a ThresholdMonitor. | + +#### 7.4.1.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|--------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| invalidClassOrInstances | Condition: (validClassAndInstances) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | +| invalidGranularityPeriod | Condition: (validGranularityPeriod) not verified.
Returned information: Name of the exception; status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| noValidMeasurementType | Condition: (someValidMeasurementType) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | +| invalidNumberOfThresholdPackElements | Condition: 4(validNumberOfThresholdPackElements) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | +| invalidOrderOfThresholdPackElements | Condition: (validOrderOfThresholdPackElements) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | +| invalidDirection | Condition: (validDirection) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | + +### 7.4.2 Operation deleteThresholdMonitor (M) + +#### 7.4.2.1 Definition + +This operation supports IRPManager's request to delete a specified ThresholdMonitor. + +At the time of the removal, all outstanding (a) threshold-crossing or (b) threshold reaching alarms will stay (i.e. the FMIRP Agent's AlarmList will contain an AlarmInformation indicating (a) threshold-crossing or (b) threshold reaching). The IRPManager needs to use other means to remove the AlarmInformation in the FMIRP AlarmList. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) + +#### 7.4.2.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------| +| monitorId | M | ThresholdMonitor.monitorId | It specifies the ThresholdMonitor to be stopped and removed. | + +#### 7.4.2.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| status | M | ENUM (Success, Failure) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.4.2.4 Pre-condition + +thresholdMonitorExists. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| thresholdMonitorExists | ThresholdMonitor specified in the input parameters exists. | + +#### 7.4.2.5 Post-condition + +thresholdMonitorIsDeleted AND notifyObjectDeletionEmitted.. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| thresholdMonitorIsDeleted | ThresholdMonitor identified by monitorId ceases to exist. | +| notifyObjectDeletionEmitted | The notifyObjectDeletion is emitted to indicate the deletion of a ThresholdMonitor. | + +#### 7.4.2.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| unknownThresholdMonitor | Condition: (thresholdMonitorExists) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | + +### 7.4.3 Operation listThresholdMonitors (M) + +#### 7.4.3.1 Definition + +This operation supports IRPManager's request to list detailed information about all or specified ThresholdMonitors. + +#### 7.4.3.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| monitorIdList | M | List of | This parameter specifies the ThresholdMonitors to be listed.
If the parameter specifies the list of monitorIds, then the corresponding information of ThresholdMonitors will be returned.

If the parameter contains no information, all the ThresholdMonitors in the PMIRP Agent will be returned. | + +#### 7.4.3.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|-----------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| monitorInfoList | M | List of < attributes of ThresholdMonitor (see definition and legal values in clause 6.5.1), iOCName, iOCInstanceList, thresholdInfoList (See clause 7.4.1.2 input parameters of create thresholdMonitor operation) > | Returned information of corresponding ThresholdMonitors matching the input criteria. If no match, then the length of the monitorInfoList will be 0 (with status == Success). | +| status | M | ENUM (Success, Failure) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.4.3.4 Pre-condition + +monitorIdListIsValid. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| +| monitorIdListIsValid | monitorIdList specified in the input parameter is valid. | + +#### 7.4.3.5 Post-condition + +thresholdMonitorsAreReturned AND thresholdsAreUnaffected. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| thresholdMonitorsAreReturned | The information of required ThresholdMonitors are returned in the output parameters. | +| thresholdsAreUnaffected | The ThresholdMonitors are not affected. | + +#### 7.4.3.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| invalidMonitorIdList | Condition: (monitorIdListIsValid) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | + +## 7.5 PMIRPOperations\_3 Interface (O) + +### 7.5.1 Operation suspendThresholdMonitor (M) + +#### 7.5.1.1 Definition + +This operation supports IRPManager's request to suspend the `ThresholdMonitor`. If the operation succeed, its `thresholdMonitorStatus` shall be set to "Suspended". PMIRP shall not emit performance alarms related to this `ThresholdMonitor`. The `ThresholdMonitor` shall still exist. + +#### 7.5.1.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| monitorId | M | ThresholdMonitor.monitorId | It specifies the ThresholdMonitor to be suspended. | + +#### 7.5.1.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|---------------------|-----------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| status | M | ENUM (Success, Failure) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.5.1.4 Pre-condition + +`thresholdMonitorExists` AND `thresholdMonitorIsNotSuspended`. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| thresholdMonitorExists | ThresholdMonitor specified in the input parameter exists. | +| thresholdMonitorIsNotSuspended | ThresholdMonitor specified in the input parameter is not suspended. | + +#### 7.5.1.5 Post-condition + +`thresholdMonitorIsSuspended` AND `notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChangedEmitted`. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| thresholdMonitorIsSuspended | The ThresholdMonitor identified by monitorId is suspended, that means it will not work until it is resumed.
The ThresholdMonitor.thresholdMonitorStatus will be 'Suspended'. | +| notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChangedEmitted | The notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged is emitted. | + +#### 7.5.1.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| unknownThresholdMonitor | Condition: ( thresholdMonitorExists ) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | +| thresholdMonitorAlreadySuspended | Condition: ( thresholdMonitorIsNotSuspended ) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | + +### 7.5.2 Operation resumeThresholdMonitor (M) + +#### 7.5.2.1 Definition + +This operation supports IRPManager's request to resume a suspended ThresholdMonitor. + +#### 7.5.2.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Information type | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| monitorId | M | ThresholdMonitor.monitorId | It specifies the ThresholdMonitor to be resumed. | + +#### 7.5.2.3 Output parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------|-----------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| status | M | ENUM (Success, Failure) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.5.2.4 Pre-condition + +thresholdMonitorExists AND thresholdMonitorIsSuspended. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| thresholdMonitorExists | ThresholdMonitor specified in the input parameter exists. | +| thresholdMonitorIsSuspended | ThresholdMonitor specified in the input parameter is suspended. | + +#### 7.5.2.5 Post-condition + +thresholdMonitorIsResumed AND notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChangedEmitted. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|--------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| thresholdMonitorIsResumed. | The ThresholdMonitor identified by monitorId is resumed, that means it will work again. The ThresholdMonitor.thresholdMonitorStatus will be 'Active'. | +| notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChangedEmitted | The notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged is emitted. | + +#### 7.5.2.6 Exceptions + +| Exception Name | Definition | +|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| unknownThresholdMonitor | Condition: (thresholdMonitorExists) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | +| thresholdMonitorIsNotSuspended | Condition: (thresholdMonitorIsSuspended) not verified.
Returned information: output parameter status is set to 'Failure'.
Exit state: Entry State. | + +## 7.6 PMIRPNotification\_1 Interface (M) + +### 7.6.1 notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged (M) + +#### 7.6.1.1 Definition + +The PMIRP Agent notifies all subscribed IRPManagers about the status changes of a MeasurementJob. The status changes in that case include Suspended=>Scheduled, Active=>Suspended, Scheduled=>Suspended, Suspended=>Active, Scheduled=>Active, Active=>Stopped, Suspended=>Stopped, Scheduled=>Stopped. + +#### 7.6.1.2 Input parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M, Y | PMIRP.objectClass | Notification header - see [12]. It shall carry the PMIRP class name. | +| objectInstance | M, Y | PMIRP.objectInstance | Notification header - see [12]. It shall carry the DN of the PMIRP. | +| eventTime | M, Y | -- | Notification header - see [12]. | +| notificationType | M, Y | "notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged" | Notification header - see [12]. | +| systemDN | C, Y | -- | Notification header - see [12]. | +| notificationId | M, N | -- | Notification header - see [12]. | +| jobId | M, Y | MeasurementJob.jobId | | +| jobStatus | M, N | MeasurementJob.jobStatus | The new status of the MeasurementJob. | +| reason | O, N | -- | It carries one or several of the assertion names of the From-state of Triggering Event. | + +#### 7.6.1.3 Triggering Event + +##### 7.6.1.3.1 From-state + +failToReadMeasurementTypesForExtendedProlongPeriod OR internalProblem OR stopMeasurementJob OR stopTimeReached OR resumeMeasurementJob OR suspendMeasurementJob OR startTimeReached OR suspendMeasurementJobBySystem + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| failToReadMeasurementTypesForExtendedProlongPeriod | Because the PMIRP Agent have failed to read the monitored measurementType (s) from managed resources for one or more times, the PMIRP Agent decides that it will not try to read in the future and place the MeasurementJob in "Stopped" state. | +| internalProblem | Because of an unspecified internal problem, PMIRP Agent decides that it no longer can maintain the MeasurementJob in any jobStatus but "Stopped". | +| stopMeasurementJob | The stopMeasurementJob returns success. | +| stopTimeReached | The stop time for MeasurementJob has been reached. | +| resumeMeasurementJob | The resumeMeasurementJob returns success. | +| suspendMeasurementJob | The suspendMeasurementJob returns success. | +| startTimeReached | The start time for MeasurementJob has been reached. | +| suspendMeasurementJobBySystem | The MeasurementJob has been suspended by the system in case of overload | + +##### 7.6.1.3.2 To-state + +measurementJobStatusChanged + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------| +| measurementJobStatusChanged | The MeasurementJob.jobStatus changed to a new value. | + +### 7.6.2 Void + +## 7.7 PMIRPNotification\_2 Interface (O) + +### 7.7.1 notifyThresholdMonitorObjectCreation (M) + +#### 7.7.1.1 Definition + +IRPAgent notifies the subscribed IRPManager that a new Monitor instance has been created and that the notification satisfies the filter constraint expressed in IRPManager's *subscribe* operation (see TS 32.302 [12]). + +#### 7.7.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|--------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M, Y | PMIRP.objectClass | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| objectInstance | M, Y | PMIRP.objectInstance | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| notificationId | M, N | -- | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| eventTime | M, Y | ManagedEntity.creationTime | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| systemDN | C, Y | -- | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| notificationType | M, Y | "notifyThresholdMonitorObjectCreation" | Notification header - see [12]. | +| monitorId | M, N | Monitor.monitored | See monitorId definition in clause 6.5.1. | +| monitorGranularityPeriod | M, N | Monitor.monitorGranularityPeriod | See monitorGranularityPeriod definition in clause 6.5.1. | +| thresholdMonitorStatus | M, N | ThresholdMonitor.thresholdMonitorStatus | See thresholdMonitorStatus definition in clause 6.5.1. | + +#### 7.7.1.3 Triggering Event + +##### 7.7.1.3.1 From-state + +stateBeforeObjectCreation. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| stateBeforeObjectCreation | The number of instances of the IOC ManagedEntity is equal to N. | + +##### 7.7.1.3.2 To-state + +stateAfterObjectCreation. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| stateAfterObjectCreation | The number of instances of the IOC ManagedEntity is equal to N + 1. | + +### 7.7.2 notifyThresholdMonitorObjectDeletion (M) + +#### 7.7.2.1 Definition + +IRP Agent notifies the subscribed IRP Manager of a deleted Monitor instance. The IRP Agent invokes this notification because the subject notification satisfies the filter constraint expressed in the IRP Manager `subscribe` operation (see TS 32.302 [12]). + +#### 7.7.2.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M, Y | PMIRP.objectClass | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| objectInstance | M, Y | PMIRP.objectInstance | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| notificationId | M, N | -- | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| eventTime | M, Y | ManagedEntity.deletionTime | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| systemDN | C, Y | -- | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| notificationType | M, Y | "notifyThresholdMonitorObjectDeletion" | Notification header - see [12]. | +| monitorId | M, Y | Monitor.monitored | See monitorId definition in clause 6.5.1. | + +#### 7.7.2.3 Triggering Event + +##### 7.7.2.3.1 From-state + +`stateBeforeObjectDeletion`. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| stateBeforeObjectDeletion | The number of instances of the IOC ManagedEntity is equal to N. | + +##### 7.7.2.3.2 To-state + +`stateAfterObjectDeletion`. + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| stateAfterObjectDeletion | The number of instances of the IOC ManagedEntity is equal to N - 1. | + +### 7.7.3 notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged (O) + +#### 7.7.3.1 Definition + +The PMIRP Agent notifies all subscribed IRPManagers about the status changes of a ThresholdMonitor. The status changes in that case include Suspended=>Active, Active=>Suspended. + +NOTE: The notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged notification is mandatory if PMIRPOperations\_2 is supported. + +#### 7.7.3.2 Input Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| objectClass | M, Y | PMIRP.objectClass | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| objectInstance | M, Y | PMIRP.objectInstance | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| eventTime | M, Y | -- | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| notificationType | M, Y | "notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged". | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| systemDN | C, Y | -- | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| notificationId | M, N | -- | See Table 7.6.1.2. | +| monitorId | M, Y | Monitor.monitorId | | +| monitorStatus | M, N | ThresholdMonitor.thresholdMonitorStatuses | The new status of the ThresholdMonitor. | +| reason | O, N | -- | It carries one or several of the assertion names of the From-state of Triggering Event. | + +#### 7.7.3.3 Triggering Event + +##### 7.7.3.3.1 From-state + +resumeThresholdMonitor OR suspendThresholdMonitor + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------| +| resumeThresholdMonitor | The resumeThresholdMonitor returns success. | +| suspendThresholdMonitor | The suspendThresholdMonitor returns success. | + +##### 7.7.3.3.2 To-state + +thresholdMonitorStatusChanged + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| thresholdMonitorStatusChanged | The ThresholdMonitor.thresholdMonitorStatus changed to a new value. | + +# 8 Scenarios + +## 8.1 createMeasurementJob + +![UML Sequence diagram for the createMeasurementJob scenario. Lifelines: : NM and : IRP Agent. The sequence starts with NM sending createMeasurementJob to IRP Agent, which returns success. A note indicates that if the schedule is reached, the agent collects data and sends notifyFileReady. NM then receives notifyFileReady and may get files via File Transfer IRP. NM then sends listMeasurementJobs() to IRP Agent, which returns required info. A note indicates NM can request PMIRP Agent to list jobs by filter. NM then sends listFiles() to IRP Agent, which returns required info. A note indicates NM can request PMIRP Agent to list files by job and filter.](9cbc1ebd80813fc36e499f7d70ed6881_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant NM as : NM + participant IRP as : IRP Agent + Note right of IRP: If schedule is reached, PMIRP Agent begins to collect the data according to the input parameters, and emit the notifyFileReady notification at the end of each reporting period, Now the jobStatus is "Active". + NM->>IRP: createMeasurementJob + IRP-->>NM: return success + Note left of NM: IRPManager may get file(s) by File Transfer IRP. + IRP-->>NM: notifyFileReady + Note right of IRP: IRPManager can request PMIRP Agent to list all the jobs for the specified filter. + NM->>IRP: listMeasurementJobs() + IRP-->>NM: return required info + Note right of IRP: IRPManager can request PMIRP Agent to list all the files for a specified job and filter. + NM->>IRP: listFiles() + IRP-->>NM: return required info +``` + +UML Sequence diagram for the createMeasurementJob scenario. Lifelines: : NM and : IRP Agent. The sequence starts with NM sending createMeasurementJob to IRP Agent, which returns success. A note indicates that if the schedule is reached, the agent collects data and sends notifyFileReady. NM then receives notifyFileReady and may get files via File Transfer IRP. NM then sends listMeasurementJobs() to IRP Agent, which returns required info. A note indicates NM can request PMIRP Agent to list jobs by filter. NM then sends listFiles() to IRP Agent, which returns required info. A note indicates NM can request PMIRP Agent to list files by job and filter. + +Figure 8.1: Scenario1 of Performance Management + +## 8.2 stopMeasurementJob + +![UML Sequence diagram for stopMeasurementJob](08f6ace0c83e7394657fa372b47aec04_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant NM as : NM + participant IRPAgent as : IRPAgent + Note over NM, IRPAgent: IRPManager can request PMIRP Agent to stop a specified job in any situation, no matter the jobStatus is "Scheduled", "Active" or "Suspended". + NM->>IRPAgent: stopMeasurementJob () + IRPAgent-->>NM: return success + +``` + +The diagram is a UML sequence diagram illustrating the interaction between two lifelines: **: NM** and **: IRPAgent**. A note box spanning the lifelines contains the text: "IRPManager can request PMIRP Agent to stop a specified job in any situation, no matter the jobStatus is "Scheduled", "Active" or "Suspended"." The interaction consists of two messages: a synchronous message **stopMeasurementJob ()** sent from **: NM** to **: IRPAgent**, and a return message **return success** sent from **: IRPAgent** back to **: NM**. + +UML Sequence diagram for stopMeasurementJob + +Figure 8.2: Scenario2 of Performance Management + +## 8.3 stopMeasurementJob/listMeasurementJobs/listFiles + +![UML Sequence diagram for Performance Management Scenario 3. Lifelines: :NM and :IRPAgent. The diagram shows three message exchanges: stopMeasurementJob(), listMeasurementJobs(), and listFiles().](fb4274c4b7882a4059103f1dbca9b111_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant NM as :NM + participant IRPAgent as :IRPAgent + Note right of NM: IRPManager can request PMIRP Agent to stop a specified job in any situation, no matter the jobStatus is "Scheduled", "Active" or "Suspended". + NM->>IRPAgent: stopMeasurementJob() + IRPAgent-->>NM: return success + Note right of NM: If the measurementJob is not removed, the information of stopped measurementJob can be returned + NM->>IRPAgent: listMeasurementJobs() + IRPAgent-->>NM: return required info + Note right of NM: If the files of a stopped measurementJob are still existing in the PMIRP Agent, their information can be returned to IRPManager if required. + NM->>IRPAgent: listFiles() + IRPAgent-->>NM: return required info +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interaction between a Network Manager (:NM) and an IRP Agent (:IRPAgent) for performance management. It consists of three main message exchanges: + +- stopMeasurementJob():** The :NM lifeline sends a message to the :IRPAgent lifeline. A note indicates that the IRPManager can request the PMIRP Agent to stop a specified job in any situation, regardless of the jobStatus (Scheduled, Active, or Suspended). The :IRPAgent responds with a "return success" message. +- listMeasurementJobs():** The :NM lifeline sends a message to the :IRPAgent lifeline. A note indicates that if the measurementJob is not removed, the information of the stopped measurementJob can be returned. The :IRPAgent responds with a "return required info" message. +- listFiles():** The :NM lifeline sends a message to the :IRPAgent lifeline. A note indicates that if the files of a stopped measurementJob are still existing in the PMIRP Agent, their information can be returned to the IRPManager if required. The :IRPAgent responds with a "return required info" message. + +UML Sequence diagram for Performance Management Scenario 3. Lifelines: :NM and :IRPAgent. The diagram shows three message exchanges: stopMeasurementJob(), listMeasurementJobs(), and listFiles(). + +Figure 8.3: Scenario3 of Performance Management + +## 8.4 suspendMeasurementJob/resumeMeasurementJob + +![UML Sequence diagram for suspendMeasurementJob and resumeMeasurementJob operations between NM and IRP Agent.](bccc028d0e75bc30c41528056f581545_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant NM as : NM + participant IRP as : IRP Agent + Note right of IRP: IRPManager can request PMIRP Agent to suspend a "Scheduled" or "Active" job in some situation, such as high work load. + NM->>IRP: suspendMeasurementJob() + IRP-->>NM: return success + Note right of IRP: If the "suspend" operation is successful, the jobStatus is changed to "Suspended" accordingly. + Note left of NM: IRPManager can request PMIRP Agent to resume a "Suspended" job. + NM->>IRP: resumeMeasurementJob() + IRP-->>NM: return success + Note right of IRP: If the "resume" operation is successful, the jobStatus is changed to "Scheduled" or "Active" according to the job schedule. +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interaction between a Network Manager (NM) and an IRP Agent. It consists of two main parts: suspending and resuming a measurement job. In the first part, a note indicates that the IRP Manager can request the PMIRP Agent to suspend a "Scheduled" or "Active" job, such as during high work load. The NM sends a `suspendMeasurementJob()` message to the IRP Agent, which responds with `return success`. A subsequent note states that if the suspend operation is successful, the `jobStatus` is updated to "Suspended". In the second part, a note indicates that the IRP Manager can request the PMIRP Agent to resume a "Suspended" job. The NM sends a `resumeMeasurementJob()` message, and the IRP Agent responds with `return success`. A final note explains that if the resume operation is successful, the `jobStatus` is changed to "Scheduled" or "Active" based on the job's schedule. + +UML Sequence diagram for suspendMeasurementJob and resumeMeasurementJob operations between NM and IRP Agent. + +Figure 8.4: Scenario4 of Performance Management + +# --- Annex A (normative): Illustration of the state described in the state Diagram + +## A.1 Definition of state + +### A.1.1 Scheduled + +"Scheduled" means that the job has been created and the start time has not been reached. + +### A.1.2 Suspended + +"Suspended" means that the job has been suspended for some reason. + +### A.1.3 Active + +"Active" means that the start time of a `MeasurementJob` has been reached. + +There are two sub-states: "Busy" and "Idle". + +"Busy" means that the `MeasurementJob` is monitoring the `measurementTypes`. + +"Idle" means that the `MeasurementJob` is not monitoring the `measurementTypes`. + +When a `MeasurementJob` becomes active, it does not mean that the job is immediately busy. `IRPManager` can set the detailed time frame (e.g. `dailySchedule` or `weeklySchedule`) for a `MeasurementJob` to be busy. If there is no time frame schedule for a job, it immediately monitors the measurement types when it becomes active. + +### A.1.4 Stopped + +"Stopped" means that the `MeasurementJob` is deleted via the `Itf-N`. Whether the managed system removes the `MeasurementJob` immediately or later is vendor specific. + +## A.2 State transition scenarios + +The following scenarios give examples of state transitions. + +### A.2.1 Scenario 1 + +A `MeasurementJob` is created at 11:00, and the `startTime` is 14:00, `stopTime` is 18:00. At 12:00, the `MeasurementJob` is suspended, and at 13:00, the `MeasurementJob` is resumed. + +![Timeline diagram for Scenario 1 showing state transitions of a MeasurementJob.](3e2dcee303cecdd31b7f9ec0d8942fed_img.jpg) + +A horizontal timeline representing time, with an arrow pointing to the right labeled "Time". Four vertical dashed lines mark specific times: 11:00, 12:00, 13:00, and 14:00. Above the timeline, green double-headed arrows indicate the job's state between these times: from 11:00 to 12:00, the state is "job is Scheduled"; from 12:00 to 13:00, the state is "job is Suspended"; from 13:00 to 14:00, the state is "job is Scheduled"; and from 14:00 onwards, the state is "job is Active". Below the timeline, four vertical arrows point upwards to the time markers, each accompanied by a label: "create measurement job" at 11:00, "suspend measurement job" at 12:00, "resume measurement job" at 13:00, and "start time reached" at 14:00. + +Timeline diagram for Scenario 1 showing state transitions of a MeasurementJob. + +At 11:00: the `MeasurementJob` becomes scheduled after it was created. + +At 12:00: the `MeasurementJob` is suspended and the `jobStatus` is "Suspended". + +At 13:00: the `MeasurementJob` is resumed, and the `jobStatus` is "Scheduled" because the start time has not been reached. + +At 14:00: the `MeasurementJob` becomes active because start time has been reached. + +Figure A.2.1: Scenario 1 + +### A.2.2 Scenario 2 + +A `MeasurementJob` is created at 11:00, and the `startTime` is 12:00, `stopTime` is 18:00. At 13:00, the `MeasurementJob` is suspended, and at 14:00, the `MeasurementJob` is resumed. + +![Timeline diagram for Scenario 2 showing state transitions of a MeasurementJob.](0ed8d001e745e9b2bb07fc63eb8525d5_img.jpg) + +A horizontal timeline representing time, with an arrow pointing to the right labeled "Time". Four vertical dashed lines mark specific times: 11:00, 12:00, 13:00, and 14:00. Above the timeline, green double-headed arrows indicate the job's state between these times: from 11:00 to 12:00, the state is "job is Scheduled"; from 12:00 to 13:00, the state is "job is Active"; from 13:00 to 14:00, the state is "job is Suspended"; and from 14:00 onwards, the state is "job is Active". Below the timeline, four vertical arrows point upwards to the time markers, each accompanied by a label: "create measurement job" at 11:00, "start time reached" at 12:00, "suspend measurement job" at 13:00, and "resume measurement job" at 14:00. + +Timeline diagram for Scenario 2 showing state transitions of a MeasurementJob. + +At 11:00: the `MeasurementJob` becomes scheduled after it was created. + +At 12:00: the start time is reached, and the `jobStatus` is "Active". + +At 13:00: the `MeasurementJob` is suspended, and the `jobStatus` is "Suspended". + +At 14:00: the `MeasurementJob` is resumed, and the `jobStatus` is "Active". + +Figure A.2.2: Scenario 2 + +### A.2.3 Scenario 3 + +A `MeasurementJob` is created at 11:00 and the `startTime` is 12:00, `stopTime` is never stop. There is no other schedule defined. `IRPManager` stops the job at 14:00. + +![Timeline diagram for Scenario 3 showing job states: Scheduled (11:00 to 12:00) and Active (12:00 onwards).](cc6f9dbfc36aa5821d9749ca84861f93_img.jpg) + +A horizontal timeline representing time, with an arrow pointing to the right labeled 'Time'. The timeline has major tick marks at 11:00, 12:00, 13:00, and 14:00. Above the timeline, a green double-headed arrow spans from 11:00 to 12:00, labeled 'job is Scheduled'. Another green double-headed arrow starts at 12:00 and extends to the right, ending at 14:00, labeled 'job is Active'. Below the timeline, three vertical arrows point upwards to specific time points: at 11:00, labeled 'create measurement job'; at 12:00, labeled 'start time reached'; and at 14:00, labeled 'stop measurement job'. + +Timeline diagram for Scenario 3 showing job states: Scheduled (11:00 to 12:00) and Active (12:00 onwards). + +At 12:00: the `MeasurementJob` becomes active when start time is reached. Since there is no schedule for the job, it starts monitoring measurement types immediately. + +At 14:00: the `MeasurementJob` is stopped when `IRPManager` stops the job. + +Figure A.2.3: Scenario 3 + +### A.2.4 Scenario 4 + +A `MeasurementJob` is created at 11:00 and the `startTime` is 12:00, `stopTime` is 14:00. There is no other schedule defined. + +![Timeline diagram for Scenario 4 showing job states: Scheduled (11:00 to 12:00) and Active (12:00 to 14:00).](b7fd98a4fcc4990a613abfc31c5bdb5e_img.jpg) + +A horizontal timeline representing time, with an arrow pointing to the right labeled 'Time'. The timeline has major tick marks at 11:00, 12:00, 13:00, and 14:00. Above the timeline, a green double-headed arrow spans from 11:00 to 12:00, labeled 'job is Scheduled'. Another green double-headed arrow starts at 12:00 and extends to the right, ending at 14:00, labeled 'job is Active'. Below the timeline, three vertical arrows point upwards to specific time points: at 11:00, labeled 'create measurement job'; at 12:00, labeled 'start time reached'; and at 14:00, labeled 'stop time reached'. + +Timeline diagram for Scenario 4 showing job states: Scheduled (11:00 to 12:00) and Active (12:00 to 14:00). + +At 12:00: the `MeasurementJob` becomes active when start time is reached. Since there is no schedule for the job, it starts monitoring measurement types immediately. + +At 14:00: the `MeasurementJob` is stopped automatically when stop time is reached. + +Figure A.2.4: Scenario 4 + +### A.2.5 Scenario 5 + +A `MeasurementJob` is created at 11:00 and the `startTime` is 12:00, `stopTime` is "never stop". There is a `dailySchedule` defined, which is 13:00~14:00 and 15:00~16:00 every day. + +![Timeline diagram illustrating the state transitions of a MeasurementJob over time.](c419b566d720267c499087add1506018_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the state transitions of a `MeasurementJob` over a timeline. The horizontal axis represents time, with markers at 11:00, 12:00, 13:00, 14:00, 15:00, and 16:00. Vertical dashed lines mark these time points. + +- At 11:00, an arrow points up to the timeline with the text "create measurement job". +- From 11:00 to 12:00, a green double-headed arrow spans the interval, labeled "job is Scheduled". +- At 12:00, an arrow points up to the timeline with the text "start time reached". +- From 12:00 onwards, a long green double-headed arrow spans the timeline, labeled "job is Active". +- From 12:00 to 13:00, a green double-headed arrow spans the interval, labeled "job is Idle". +- From 13:00 to 14:00, a green double-headed arrow spans the interval, labeled "job is Busy". +- Below this interval, a red double-headed arrow spans the same period, labeled "dailySchedule". +- From 14:00 to 15:00, a green double-headed arrow spans the interval, labeled "job is Idle". +- From 15:00 to 16:00, a green double-headed arrow spans the interval, labeled "job is Busy". +- Below this interval, a red double-headed arrow spans the same period, labeled "dailySchedule". +- From 16:00 onwards, a green double-headed arrow spans the interval, labeled "job is Idle". +- A "Time" label with an arrow pointing right is at the far right of the timeline. + +Timeline diagram illustrating the state transitions of a MeasurementJob over time. + +At 12:00: the `MeasurementJob` becomes active when start time has been reached. Since there is a schedule for the job, the job monitors measurement types only during the specified schedule. During other times, the job is idle. + +At 13:00 and 15:00: the `MeasurementJob` becomes busy when the daily schedule has been reached. + +**Figure A.2.5: Scenario 5** + +### A.2.6 Scenario 6 + +A `MeasurementJob` is created at 11:00 and the `startTime` is 12:00, `stopTime` is 13:30. The `MeasurementJob.granularityPeriod` is 30 minutes and the `MeasurementJob.reportingPeriod` is 1 hour. There is no other schedule defined. + +![Timeline diagram for Scenario 6 showing job states and events.](1033dc9fde75540d224c907681b1b7aa_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the lifecycle of a `MeasurementJob` over time. A horizontal axis represents time, with vertical dashed lines marking key events. Above the timeline, two green double-headed arrows indicate job states: 'job is Scheduled' from 11:00 to 12:00, and 'job is Active and Busy' from 12:00 to 13:30. Below the timeline, four events are marked with upward-pointing arrows: 'create measurement job' at 11:00, 'start time reached' at 12:00, 'file is available and a notifyFileReady notification is sent' at 13:00, and 'stop time reached' at 13:30. A final upward arrow at 14:00 is labeled 'file is available and a notifyFileReady notification is sent'. The timeline is labeled 'Time' with an arrow pointing to the right. + +Timeline diagram for Scenario 6 showing job states and events. + +- At 12:00: the `MeasurementJob` becomes active when start time is reached. Since there is no detailed time frame for the job, the job begins to work at the same time. +- At 13:00: the file(s) of the `MeasurementJob` are available, and PMIRP emits the `notifyFileReady` notification to subscribed `IRPManager`. +- At 13:30: the `MeasurementJob` is automatically stopped when stop time is reached. +- At 14:00: PMIRP will emit the last `notifyFileReady` notification. + +**Figure A.2.6: Scenario 6** + +# --- Annex B (normative):Threshold related performance alarms Triggering Events + +This annex defines the Triggering Events for the various performance alarms. The Triggering Events normally are defined by each notification type, such as `notifyChangedAlarm`, under the clause "Triggering Events". The Triggering Events related to thresholding are defined here collectively for ease of reference. + +The Triggering Events are defined in a state transition table. The column labels (e.g. 0, 1, 2, 3 of table in clause B.1) denote the to-state while the row labels denote the from-state. The cell denotes the emission action. + +There are two clauses. Clause B.1 defines the Triggering Events for `IRPAGENT` that supports `notifyChangedAlarm`. Clause B.2 defines those for `IRPAGENT` that does not support `notifyChangedAlarm`. + +Clause B.3 provides samples of triggering events. + +## B.1 IRP Agent supporting notifyChangedAlarm + +Table B.1 + +| | To State-0 | To State-1 | To State-2 | To State-3 | To State-4 | +|--------------|----------------------|----------------------|----------------------|----------------------|----------------------| +| From State-0 | no emission | 1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyNewAlarm | +| From State-1 | 1 notifyClearedAlarm | no emission | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | +| From State-2 | 1 notifyClearedAlarm | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | no emission | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | +| From State-3 | 1 notifyClearedAlarm | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | no emission | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | +| From State-4 | 1 notifyClearedAlarm | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | 1 notifyChangedAlarm | no emission | + +The horizontal '0', '1', '2', '3' and '4' are the to-states indicating the current measurementType value with respect to the different threshold levels. Threshold levels are associated with severity level (thresholdSeverity). Higher threshold level associates with higher severity level (thresholdSeverity). + +EXAMPLE: If direction = 'Increasing', state-0 means the measurementType value is below all thresholds. State-2 means that the measurementType value is above threshold level 2 but below threshold level 3. If direction = 'Decreasing', state-0 means the measurementType value is above all thresholds. State-2 means that the measurementType value is below threshold level 2 but above threshold level 3. + +The vertical '0', '1', '2', '3' and '4' are the from-states indicating the last-read measurementType value with respect to the threshold levels. + +A threshold has a value and may have a hysteresis. A threshold with hysteresis has a threshold-high value and a threshold-low value that are different from the threshold value. A threshold without hysteresis can be considered as a threshold whose threshold-high and threshold-low values are equal to the threshold value. + +For the direction = 'Increasing', the shaded cells indicate transitions caused by measurementType values (a) rising across or (b) reach one or more threshold-high values. The non-shaded cells indicate transition caused by measurementType values falling across one or more threshold-low values. + +For the direction = 'Decreasing', the shaded cells indicate transitions caused by measurementType values (a) falling across or (b) reach one or more threshold-low values. The non-shaded cells indicate transition caused by measurementType values rising across one or more threshold-high values. + +Each cell indicates the performance alarm emission when from-state transits to to-state. The notifyNewAlarm and notifyChangedAlarm shall carry the severity level (perceivedSeverity) associated with the to-state (thresholdSeverity). + +The ThresholdMonitor determines, at monitorGP=X, if a threshold has been (a) crossed or (b) reached by comparing the value read at monitorGP==X with the value read at monitorGP==X-1. In initial condition (i.e. when the ThresholdMonitor reads the value at monitorGP=1), the (hypothetical) value read at monitorGP==X-1 is assumed to be at state-0. + +(See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) + +## B.2 IRP Agent not supporting notifyChangedAlarm + +Table B.2 + +| | To State-0 | To State-1 | To State-2 | To State-3 | To State-4 | +|--------------|----------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------| +| From State-0 | no emission | 1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyNewAlarm | +| From State-1 | 1 notifyClearedAlarm | no emission | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | +| From State-2 | 1 notifyClearedAlarm | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | no emission | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | +| From State-3 | 1 notifyClearedAlarm | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | no emission | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | +| To State-4 | 1 notifyClearedAlarm | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | 1 notifyClearedAlarm
1 notifyNewAlarm | no emission | + +The Monitor determines, at monitorGP=X, if a threshold has been crossed by comparing the value read at monitorGP ==X with the value read at monitorGP ==X-1. In initial condition (i.e. when the Monitor reads the value at monitorGP =1), the (hypothetical) value read at monitorGP ==X-1 is assumed to be at state-0. + +## B.3 Examples + +### B.3.1 Example 1 + +Figure B.3.1 illustrates multi-level thresholdSeverity thresholding behaviour. The horizontal axis indicates the time intervals specified by the `Monitor.monitorGranularityPeriod` (`monitorGP`). The vertical axis indicates the monitored `measurementType` values. The `measurementType` of this example is of type gauge. The `Monitor.direction` is set to "Increasing". + +Further suppose that the `measurementType` is monitored for a (a) two-level-severity-threshold-crossings or (b) two-level-severity-threshold reaching. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) + +The threshold for the lower-level-severity is set to 3 with a hysteresis low and high levels set to 2 and 4 respectively (i.e. hysteresis value = 1). The thresholdSeverity level is Minor. + +The threshold for the higher-level-severity is set to 7 with a hysteresis low and high levels set to 6 and 8 respectively (i.e. hysteresis value = 1). The thresholdSeverity level is Major. + +The performance alarm triggering events are: + +1. At `monitorGP` interval 3, trigger a `notifyNewAlarm` with `perceivedSeverity` (`ps`) = Minor. +2. At `monitorGP` interval 5, if the `IRPAGENT` supports `notifyChangedAlarm`, trigger a `notifyChangedAlarm` with `ps` = Major; else a `notifyClearAlarm` and a `notifyNewAlarm` with `ps` = Major. +3. At `monitorGP` interval 8, if the `IRPAGENT` supports `notifyChangedAlarm`, trigger a `notifyChangedAlarm` with `ps` = Minor; else a `notifyClearAlarm` and a `notifyNewAlarm` with `ps` = Minor. +4. At `monitorGP` interval 15, trigger a `notifyClearedAlarm` clearing the last emitted Minor alarm. + +![Line graph showing gauge readings over 15 time intervals. The y-axis is 'Gauge readings' (0-10) and the x-axis is 'Threshold Granularity Period time intervals' (1-15). The data points are: (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9), (6, 8), (7, 7), (8, 5), (9, 3), (10, 4), (11, 5), (12, 2), (13, 2), (14, 5), (15, 1).](9f2152bf2724eada29a07eea9e7f3227_img.jpg) + +Thresholding behavior for direction Increasing for Gauge type PMAttribute + +| Threshold Granularity Period time intervals | Gauge readings | +|---------------------------------------------|----------------| +| 1 | 1 | +| 2 | 2 | +| 3 | 5 | +| 4 | 7 | +| 5 | 9 | +| 6 | 8 | +| 7 | 7 | +| 8 | 5 | +| 9 | 3 | +| 10 | 4 | +| 11 | 5 | +| 12 | 2 | +| 13 | 2 | +| 14 | 5 | +| 15 | 1 | + +Line graph showing gauge readings over 15 time intervals. The y-axis is 'Gauge readings' (0-10) and the x-axis is 'Threshold Granularity Period time intervals' (1-15). The data points are: (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9), (6, 8), (7, 7), (8, 5), (9, 3), (10, 4), (11, 5), (12, 2), (13, 2), (14, 5), (15, 1). + +Figure B.3.1 + +### B.3.2 Example 2 + +Figure B.3.2 illustrates another multi-level thresholdSeverity thresholding behaviour for IRPAgent supporting notifyChangedAlarm. The horizontal axis indicates the time intervals specified by the GP. The vertical axis indicates the monitored measurementType values. The measurementType of this example is of type gauge. The Monitor.direction is set to "Decreasing". + +Further suppose that the measurementType is monitored for a two-level thresholdSeverity (a) threshold-crossing or (b) threshold reaching. (See 6.3.8.1 for clarification of the alternatives (a) and (b)) + +The threshold for the major-level thresholdSeverity is set to 7 with a hysteresis high and low levels set to 6 and 8 respectively. + +The threshold for the minor-level thresholdSeverity is set to 9 with a hysteresis high and low levels set to 8 and 10 respectively. + +The performance alarm triggering events are: + +1. At monitorGP interval 1, trigger a notifyNewAlarm with ps = Major. See table B.1 table for transition State-0 to State-2. +2. At monitorGP interval 5, trigger a notifyChangedAlarm with ps = Minor. See table B.1 for transition State-2 to State-1. +3. At monitorGP interval 8, trigger a notifyChangedAlarm with ps = Major. See table B.1 for transition State-1 to State-2. + +![Line graph showing gauge readings over 16 time intervals. The y-axis is 'Gauge readings' (0-10) and the x-axis is 'Threshold Granularity Period time intervals' (1-16). The data points are: (1,1), (2,2), (3,5), (4,7), (5,9), (6,8), (7,7), (8,5), (9,3), (10,4), (11,5), (12,2), (13,2), (14,5), (15,1), (16,0).](a1b3856e78787b8ce183b6f26032799e_img.jpg) + +Thresholding behavior for direction Decreasing for Gauge type PMAttribute + +| Threshold Granularity Period time intervals | Gauge readings | +|---------------------------------------------|----------------| +| 1 | 1 | +| 2 | 2 | +| 3 | 5 | +| 4 | 7 | +| 5 | 9 | +| 6 | 8 | +| 7 | 7 | +| 8 | 5 | +| 9 | 3 | +| 10 | 4 | +| 11 | 5 | +| 12 | 2 | +| 13 | 2 | +| 14 | 5 | +| 15 | 1 | +| 16 | 0 | + +Line graph showing gauge readings over 16 time intervals. The y-axis is 'Gauge readings' (0-10) and the x-axis is 'Threshold Granularity Period time intervals' (1-16). The data points are: (1,1), (2,2), (3,5), (4,7), (5,9), (6,8), (7,7), (8,5), (9,3), (10,4), (11,5), (12,2), (13,2), (14,5), (15,1), (16,0). + +Figure B.3.2 + +### B.3.3 Example 3 + +Figure B.3.3 illustrates a single-level thresholding behaviour. The horizontal axis indicates the time intervals specified by the monitorGP. The vertical axis indicates the monitored measurementType values. The measurementType of this example is of type gauge. The Monitor.direction is set to "Increasing". + +The threshold is set to 4 with a hysteresis high and low levels set to 5 and 3 respectively. The thresholdSeverity level is Critical. + +The performance alarm triggering events are: + +1. At monitorGP interval 3, trigger a `notifyNewAlarm` with `ps = Critical`. +2. At monitorGP interval 11, trigger a `notifyClearedAlarm` with `ps = Cleared`. + +![Line graph titled 'Thresholding behavior with hysteresis' showing gauge readings over 15 time intervals. The y-axis is 'Gauge readings' (0-8) and the x-axis is 'Threshold granularity period time intervals' (1-15). The graph shows a line with data points at each interval. The threshold is 4, with hysteresis high at 5 and low at 3. The line crosses the threshold at intervals 3 and 11.](26ba4afd729749f66bf8314d9d676041_img.jpg) + +Hysteresis at 4 with high and low level set at 5 and 3 respectively + +Thresholding behavior with hysteresis + +Gauge readings + +Threshold granularity period time intervals + +| Time Interval | Gauge Reading | +|---------------|---------------| +| 1 | 2 | +| 2 | 4 | +| 3 | 6 | +| 4 | 4 | +| 5 | 5 | +| 6 | 3 | +| 7 | 5 | +| 8 | 4 | +| 9 | 6 | +| 10 | 7 | +| 11 | 2 | +| 12 | 5 | +| 13 | 4 | +| 14 | 5 | +| 15 | 4 | + +Line graph titled 'Thresholding behavior with hysteresis' showing gauge readings over 15 time intervals. The y-axis is 'Gauge readings' (0-8) and the x-axis is 'Threshold granularity period time intervals' (1-15). The graph shows a line with data points at each interval. The threshold is 4, with hysteresis high at 5 and low at 3. The line crosses the threshold at intervals 3 and 11. + +Figure B.3.3 + +# Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Jun 2003 | SA_20 | SP-030295 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#20 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Dec 2003 | SA_22 | SP-030650 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#22 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Jun 2004 | SA_24 | SP-040272 | 0001 | -- | Clarify and correct the specification of notifications of Monitor | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Jun 2004 | SA_24 | SP-040272 | 0002 | -- | Add constraint that PM threshold hysteresis must be positive | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040558 | 0003 | -- | Add Measurement Job Overload Management function | B | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040557 | 0004 | -- | Align threshold alarm trigger to the definition in 32.411 | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040556 | 0005 | -- | Extend the scope of ManagedEntity IOC to support collecting and monitoring measurement types related to vendor specific IOCs | B | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040556 | 0006 | -- | Add definition of post condition for operation suspendMeasurementJob | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Dec 2004 | SA_26 | SP-040784 | 0007 | -- | Correct ambiguous precondition statement related to createThresholdMonitor operation | F | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| Dec 2004 | SA_26 | SP-040784 | 0008 | -- | Correct definition of ObjectClass and ObjectInstance in "notifyMeasurementJobStatusChanged" and "notifyThresholdMonitorStatusChanged" | F | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SA_27 | SP-050041 | 0009 | -- | Remove the ambiguity that a PM IRP compliant system necessarily contains functionalities defined in Kernel CM IRP | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SA_27 | SP-050041 | 0010 | -- | Apply the Generic System Context – Align with TS 32.150 | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Jun 2005 | SA_28 | SP-050293 | 0011 | -- | Correct the matching information of monitorId attribute | F | 6.4.0 | 6.5.0 | +| Mar 2006 | SA_31 | SP-060089 | 0012 | -- | Correct the misleading 'matching information' for object class and object instance in notifications | F | 6.5.0 | 6.6.0 | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060251 | 0013 | -- | Add in PM IRP IS the missing use of "empty list" to denote all known instances - Align with 32.401 | F | 6.6.0 | 6.7.0 | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060251 | 0014 | -- | Correct parameter usage in notifyThresholdMonitorCreation | F | 6.6.0 | 6.7.0 | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060532 | 0015 | -- | Correct matching info of notificationType | F | 6.7.0 | 6.8.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060710 | 0016 | -- | Add missing Notification Table for PMIRP | F | 6.8.0 | 6.9.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060710 | 0017 | -- | Correction of the use of empty string in listMeasurementJob output parameter | F | 6.8.0 | 6.9.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | -- | 6.3.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Sep 2007 | SA_37 | SP-070613 | 0018 | -- | Align the definition of ManagedEntity in PM IRP with private objects classes defined in 32.404 | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Mar 2009 | SA_43 | SP-090207 | 0019 | -- | Include reference to SOAP Solution Set specification | D | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SA_48 | SP-100412 | 0020 | - | Correct the information type of input parameter thresholdInfoList | F | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SA_51 | SP-110095 | 0026 | 1 | Add the missing exception in create measurement operation | F | 9.1.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2012-12 | SA_58 | SP-120783 | 0027 | 1 | Align usage of SupportIOC with repertoire and TS 32.152 | F | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 2012-12 | SA_58 | SP-120783 | 0028 | - | add reference to ITU-T Rec | F | 11.0.0 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+|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword..... | 5 | +| Introduction..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Symbols..... | 8 | +| 3.3 Abbreviations..... | 8 | +| 4 Trace Record Contents..... | 9 | +| 4.1 General..... | 9 | +| 4.2 MSC Server Trace Record Content..... | 10 | +| 4.3 MGW Trace Record Content..... | 17 | +| 4.4 SGSN Trace Record Content..... | 18 | +| 4.5 GGSN Trace Record Content..... | 27 | +| 4.6 UTRAN Trace Record Content..... | 30 | +| 4.7 Void..... | 37 | +| 4.8 Void..... | 37 | +| 4.9 HSS Trace Record Content..... | 38 | +| 4.10 BM-SC Trace Record Content..... | 42 | +| 4.11 PGW Trace Record Content..... | 43 | +| 4.12 MME Trace Record Content..... | 47 | +| 4.13 E-UTRAN Trace Record Content..... | 55 | +| 4.14 SGW Trace Record Content..... | 60 | +| 4.15 EIR Trace Record Content..... | 64 | +| 4.16 LTE MDT Trace Record Content..... | 65 | +| 4.16.1 Trace Record for Immediate MDT measurements..... | 65 | +| 4.16.2 Trace Record for UE location information..... | 66 | +| 4.17 UMTS MDT Trace Record Content..... | 66 | +| 4.17.1 Trace Record for Immediate MDT measurements..... | 66 | +| 4.17.2 Trace Record for UE location information..... | 67 | +| Annex A (normative): Trace Report File Format..... | 68 | +| A.1 Parameter description and mapping table..... | 69 | +| A.2 XML file format definition..... | 72 | +| A.2.1 XML trace/MDT file diagram..... | 72 | +| A.2.2 Trace data file XML schema..... | 73 | +| Annex B (normative): Trace Report File Conventions and Transfer Procedure..... | 76 | +| B.1 File naming convention..... | 76 | +| B.2 File transfer..... | 77 | +| Annex C (informative): Trace Functional Architecture: Reporting..... | 78 | +| C.1 Figure of Trace Reporting..... | 78 | +| Annex D (informative): Examples of trace files..... | 80 | +| D.1 Examples of trace XML file..... | 80 | +| D.1.1 Example of XML trace file with the maximum level of details..... | 80 | +| D.1.2 Example of XML trace file with the minimum level of details..... | 81 | +| D.1.3 Example of XML trace file for IMSI information from the MME..... | 81 | +| D.1.4 Example of MDT XML file..... | 82 | +| Annex E (informative): Void..... | 83 | + +Annex F (informative): Change history................................................................................................................................ 84 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management, as identified below: + +- TS 32.421: "Subscriber and equipment trace; Trace concepts and requirements"; +- TS 32.422: "Subscriber and equipment trace; Trace control and configuration management "; +- TS 32.423: "Subscriber and equipment trace; Trace data definition and management";** + +Subscriber and MS Trace provide very detailed information at call level on one or more specific mobile(s). This data is an additional source of information to Performance Measurements and allows going further in monitoring and optimisation operations. + +Contrary to Performance Measurements, which are a permanent source of information, Trace is activated on user demand for a limited period of time for specific analysis purpose + +Trace plays a major role in activities such as determination of the root cause of a malfunctioning mobile, advanced troubleshooting, optimisation of resource usage and quality, RF coverage control and capacity improvement, dropped call analysis, Core Network and UTRAN end to end 3G procedure validation. + +The capability to log data on any interface at call level for a specific user (e.g. IMSI) or mobile type (e.g. IMEI or IMEISV) allows getting information which cannot be deduced from Performance Measurements such as perception of end-user QoS during his call (e.g. requested QoS vs. provided QoS), correlation between protocol messages and RF measurements, or interoperability with specific mobile vendors. + +Moreover, Performance Measurements provide values aggregated on an observation period, Subscriber and Equipment Trace give instantaneous values for a specific event (e.g. call, location update, etc.). + +If Performance Measurements are mandatory for daily operations, future network planning and primary trouble shooting, Subscriber and MS Trace is the easy way to go deeper into investigation and 3G network optimisation. + +In order to produce this data, Subscriber and MS trace are carried out in the NEs, which comprise the network. The data can then be transferred to an external system (e.g. an Operations System (OS) in TMN terminology, for further evaluation). + +# 1 Scope + +The present document describes Trace data definition and management. It covers the trace records content, their format and transfer across UMTS networks or EPS networks. GSM Trace is outside of the scope of this specification.. + +The present document also describes the data definition for Minimization of Drive Tests (MDT) across UMTS networks or EPS networks. + +The objectives of the present document are: + +- To provide the descriptions for a standard set of Trace and MDT data; +- To define the common format of trace and MDT records; and +- To define a method for the reporting of Trace and MDT results across the management interfaces. + +Clause 4 details the various Trace records content, Annex A provides Trace and MDT report file format, Annex B provides the trace report file conventions and transfer procedure, Annex C provides the trace reporting functional architecture and Annex D provides some trace and MDT files examples. Trace and MDT concepts and requirements are covered in TS 32.421 [2] while Trace control and configuration management are described in 3GPP TS 32.422 [3]. + +The definition of Trace and MDT data is intended to result in comparability of Trace and MDT data produced in a multi-vendor wireless UMTS and/or EPS network. + +The following is beyond the scope of the present document, and therefore the present document does not describe: + +- Any notification mechanisms or IRPs for trace. Only file transfer mechanism is specified for trace data transfer; +- Any data compression mechanisms for trace data transfer; +- Any Trace capability limitations (e.g. maximum number of simultaneous traced mobiles for a given NE). + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.421: "Telecommunication management; Subscriber and equipment trace: Trace concepts and requirements." +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.422: "Telecommunication management; Subscriber and equipment trace: Trace control and configuration management ". +- [4] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [5] W3C Recommendation "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0" (Second Edition, 6 October 2000) +- [6] W3C Recommendation "Namespaces in XML" (14 January 1999) +- [7] W3C Recommendation "XML Schema Part 0: Primer" (2 May 2001) +- [8] W3C Recommendation "XML Schema Part 1: Structures" (2 May 2001) + +- [9] W3C Recommendation "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes" (2 May 2001) + +- [10] International Standard ISO 8601: 1988 (E) "Representations of dates and times" (1988-06-15) + +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [13] 3GPP TS 29.274: "3GPP Evolved Packet System (EPS); Evolved General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunnelling Protocol for Control plane (GTPv2-C); Stage 3". +- [14] 3GPP TS 29.212: "Policy and Charging Control (PCC); Reference points". +- [15] 3GPP TS 29.273: "Evolved Packet System (EPS); 3GPP EPS AAA interfaces". +- [16] 3GPP TS 36.413: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); S1 Application Protocol (S1AP)". +- [17] 3GPP TS 36.423 "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); X2 Application Protocol (X2AP)". + +# --- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.421 [2] and 3GPP TS 32.422 [3] apply. + +**Minimum Level of detail:** Allows for retrieval of a decoded subset of the IEs contained in the signalling interface messages. + +**Medium Level of detail:** Allows for retrieval of the decoded subset of the IEs contained in the signalling interface messages in the Minimum Level plus a selected set of decoded radio measurement IEs. + +**Maximum Level of detail:** Allows for retrieval of signalling interface messages within the Trace Scope in encoded format. + +## 3.2 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +![Symbol for a single element: a rectangle with 'xxx' inside. Symbol for an unbounded element: a rectangle with 'xxx' inside, with a callout bubble containing '1..∞'. Symbol for a global element: a right-pointing arrow. Symbol for a required element: a solid horizontal line. Symbol for an optional element: a dashed horizontal line. Symbol for a sequence: a hexagon with three dots inside and an equals sign on the right. Symbol for a choice: a hexagon with 'VAR' and 'VAR' inside and an equals sign on the right.](c0e88e4bd3a209b66ee7cb67e1cec2be_img.jpg) + +: Element named xxx +The maximum number of occurrence is 1 + +: Element named xxx +The maximum number of occurrence is unbounded + +: Global element + +: Required element + +: Optional element + +: Sequence + +: Choice + +Symbol for a single element: a rectangle with 'xxx' inside. Symbol for an unbounded element: a rectangle with 'xxx' inside, with a callout bubble containing '1..∞'. Symbol for a global element: a right-pointing arrow. Symbol for a required element: a solid horizontal line. Symbol for an optional element: a dashed horizontal line. Symbol for a sequence: a hexagon with three dots inside and an equals sign on the right. Symbol for a choice: a hexagon with 'VAR' and 'VAR' inside and an equals sign on the right. + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [4] and 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] apply. + +# 4 Trace Record Contents + +## 4.1 General + +The trace reference, trace type and operation system identification are all provided on trace activation. + +Each record may contain an MSC Server, MGW, SGSN, GGSN, S-CSCF, P-CSCF, UTRAN, HSS, MME, Serving GW, or E-UTRAN event record. A key is included in the table indicating whether or not the field is mandatory. + +The following table shows the template for trace record description for minimum and medium trace depth: + +| Interface name | Protocol name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|---------------|---------|-----------------|-------------|-----|-------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| | | | | | | | + +**Interface name:** Contains the name of the interface, where the IE is available. + +**Protocol name:** Contains the protocol name on the interface, where the IE is available. + +**IE name:** The name of the Information Element, which should be decoded. + +**Message name(s):** The name of the message(s), where the IE is included. + +**Trace depth:** Shows in which trace depth the IE should be recorded. It also classifies whether the IE is mandatory in the trace record or not (M, O or X: meaning described in the previous table) + +| | | | +|-----------|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| M | Mandatory | This field must be in the trace record if it is available, i.e. if the message appears during the trace recording session and the IE is present in the message. | +| O | Optional | This field is optional and its support is a matter for agreement between equipment manufacturer and network operator. | +| X | Not applicable | This field is not required in this instance. | +| CM | Conditional Mandatory | This field must be in the trace record if it is available and the condition is met. | + +NOTE: Any kind of comments related to the IE can be made here. Also this is the placeholder for referencing the relevant 3GPP specifications, which define the IE. + +## 4.2 MSC Server Trace Record Content + +The following table shows the trace record content for MSC Server. + +The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +For MSC Server, the Minimum level of detail shall be supported. + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|------------------------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| Iu, A | CC | Facility | ALERTING
CALL PROCEEDING
CONNECT
DISCONNECT
FACILITY
RELEASE
RELEASE COMPLETE
SETUP | M | M | TS 24.008
TS 24.080 | +| | | Bearer capability | CALL CONFIRMED
CALL PROCEEDING
EMERGENCY SETUP
MODIFY
MODIFY COMPLETE
MODIFY REJECT
SETUP | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Cause | CALL CONFIRMED
CONGESTION CONTROL
DISCONNECT
HOLD REJECT
MODIFY REJECT
RELEASE
RELEASE COMPLETE
RETRIEVE REJECT
START DTMF REJECT
STATUS | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Connected number | CONNECT | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Calling party BCD number | SETUP | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Called party BCD number | SETUP | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Redirecting party BCD number | SETUP | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| Iu, A | MM | Reject cause | AUTHENTICATION FAILURE
CM SERVICE REJECT
ABORT
LOCATION UPDATING REJECT
MM STATUS | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Location area identification | CM RE-ESTABLISHMENT REQUEST
LOCATION UPDATING ACCEPT
LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST
TMSI REALLOCATION COMMAND | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Mobile identity | CM RE-ESTABLISHMENT REQUEST
CM SERVICE REQUEST
IDENTITY REQUEST
IDENTITY RESPONSE
IMSI DETACH INDICATION
LOCATION UPDATING ACCEPT
LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST
TMSI REALLOCATION COMMAND | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | CM service type | CM SERVICE REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Location updating type | LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | + +| | | | | Trace depth | | | +|-------|--------|----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| Iu, A | SS | Facility | FACILITY REGISTER
RELEASE COMPLETE | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Cause | RELEASE COMPLETE | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| Iu, A | SMS | TP-Originating-Address | SMS-DELIVER | M | M | TS 23.040 | +| | | TP-Service-Centre- Time-Stamp | SMS-DELIVER
SMS-SUBMIT-REPORT
SMS-STATUS-REPORT | M | M | TS 23.040 | +| | | TP-Failure-Cause | SMS-DELIVER-REPORT
SMS-SUBMIT-REPORT | M | M | TS 23.040 | +| | | TP-Destination-Address | SMS-SUBMIT
SMS-COMMAND | M | M | TS 23.040 | +| A | BSSMAP | TP-Recipient-Address | SMS-STATUS-REPORT | M | M | TS 23.040 | +| | | Channel Type | ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
HANDOVER REQUEST | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | Circuit | ASSIGNMENT REQUEST | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | Cell Identifier (Serving) | ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
HANDOVER REQUEST
HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER PERFORMED
PERFORM LOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | Chosen Channel | ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE
HANDOVER PERFORMED | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | Speech version (chosen) | ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
HANDOVER REQUEST
HANDOVER REQUIRED
HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE
HANDOVER PERFORMED | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | Cause | ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
HANDOVER REQUEST
HANDOVER REQUIRED
HANDOVER FAILURE
CLEAR REQUEST
CLEAR COMMAND
HANDOVER PERFORMED
HANDOVER REQUIRED REJECT | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | RR Cause | ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
HANDOVER COMPLETE
HANDOVER FAILURE | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | Cell Identifier (target) | HANDOVER REQUEST | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | Current Channel type 1 | HANDOVER REQUEST
HANDOVER REQUIRED | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | Cell Identifier List (Preferred) | HANDOVER REQUIRED
PAGING | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | IMSI | PAGING
COMMON ID | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | Location Type | PERFORM LOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 48.008 | + +Error: + +13 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|---------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|------------------------| +| | | Location Estimate | PERFORM LOCATION RESPONSE | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| | | LCS Cause | PERFORM LOCATION RESPONSE
PERFORM LOCATION ABORT | M | M | TS 48.008 | +| B | MAP | SS-Code | MAP_REGISTER_SS
MAP_ERASE_SS
MAP_ACTIVATE_SS
MAP_DEACTIVATE_SS
MAP_INTERROGATE_SS
MAP_REGISTER_PASSWORD
MAP_REGISTER_CC_ENTRY
MAP_ERASE_CC_ENTRY | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Forwarded-to number with subaddress | MAP_REGISTER_SS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Basic service | MAP_REGISTER_SS
MAP_ERASE_SS
MAP_ACTIVATE_SS
MAP_DEACTIVATE_SS
MAP_INTERROGATE_SS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | SM RP DA | MAP-SEND-INFO-FOR-MT-SMS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Service Centre Address | MAP-SEND-INFO-FOR-MO-SMS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Alert Reason | MAP-READY-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Abort reason | Abort | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| C | MAP | MSISDN | Complete Call
Process Access Request ack
Process Call Waiting
Send Info For Incoming Call ack
MAP-SEND-INFO-FOR-MT-SMS
MAP-SEND-INFO-FOR-MO-SMS | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | IMEI(SV) | Complete Call
Page MS ack
Process Access Request
Process Access Request ack
Provide IMEI ack
Search For MS ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | PLMN bearer capability | Complete Call
Process Call Waiting | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | ISDN bearer capability | Complete Call
Process Call Waiting | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | IMSI | Page MS
Process Access Request
Process Access Request ack
Provide IMSI ack
Search For MS
Send Info For Incoming Call ack
MAP-SEND-INFO-FOR-MT-SMS | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Location area ID / Current location area ID | Page MS
Page MS ack
Process Access Request
Search For MS ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | + +Error: + +14 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|------------------------| +| | | Page type | Page MS
Search For MS | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Serving cell ID | Page MS ack
Process Access Request
Search For MS ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Service area ID | Page MS ack
Process Access Request
Search For MS ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | CM service type | Process Access Request | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | MSRN | Send Info For Incoming Call | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Bearer service | Send Info For Incoming Call
Send Info For Outgoing Call | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Teleservice | Send Info For Incoming Call
Send Info For Outgoing Call | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Dialled number | Send Info For Incoming Call | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Number of forwarding | Send Info For Incoming Call | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Forwarded-to number | Send Info For Incoming Call ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Forwarding reason | Send Info For Incoming Call ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Called number | Send Info For Outgoing Call | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | MSISDN | Send Routeing Info | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Service Centre Address | MAP-SEND-ROUTING-INFO-FOR-SM
MAP-REPORT-SM-DELIVERY-STATUS
MAP-ALERT-SERVICE-CENTRE | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | SM Delivery Outcome | MAP-REPORT-SM-DELIVERY-STATUS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | MSIsdn-Alert | MAP-ALERT-SERVICE-CENTRE
MAP-INFORM-SERVICE-CEN | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Number of forwarding | Send Routeing Info | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | ISDN BC | Send Routeing Info | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | IMSI | Send Routeing Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Roaming number | Send Routeing Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Forwarded-to number | Send Routeing Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Forwarding reason | Send Routeing Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|------------------------| +| | | | | M | M | | +| | | MSISDN | Send Routeing Info ack
MAP_SEND_ROUTING_INFO_FOR_SM | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| D | MAP | HLR number | MAP_RESTORE_DATA | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | MS Not Reachable Flag | MAP_RESTORE_DATA | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | SS-Code | MAP_REGISTER_SS
MAP_ERASE_SS
MAP_ACTIVATE_SS
MAP_DEACTIVATE_SS
MAP_INTERROGATE_SS
MAP_REGISTER_PASSWORD
MAP_REGISTER_CC_ENTRY
MAP_ERASE_CC_ENTRY | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Forwarded-to number with subaddress | MAP_REGISTER_SS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Basic service | MAP_REGISTER_SS
MAP_ERASE_SS
MAP_ACTIVATE_SS
MAP_DEACTIVATE_SS
MAP_INTERROGATE_SS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Alert Reason | MAP-READY-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | MSC Address | MAP_UPDATE_LOCATION | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | IMSI | Provide Roaming Number
Provide Subscriber Info
MAP_UPDATE_LOCATION
MAP_CANCEL_LOCATION
MAP_PURGE_MS
MAP-INSERT-SUBSCRIBER-DATA
MAP-DELETE-SUBSCRIBER-DATA
MAP_RESTORE_DATA | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | MSISDN | Provide Roaming Number
MAP-INSERT-SUBSCRIBER-DATA | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | PLMN bearer capability | Provide Roaming Number | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | ISDN BC | Provide Roaming Number | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Roaming number | Provide Roaming Number ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Service area ID | Provide Subscriber Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Cell ID | Provide Subscriber Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | IMEI(SV) | Provide Subscriber Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | + +Error: + +16 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|-------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|------------------------| +| | | | | M | M | | +| F | MAP | IMEI(SV) | MAP_CHECK_IMEI | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Equipment status | MAP_CHECK_IMEI | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| E | MAP | Target Cell Id | MAP_PREPARE_HANDOVER
MAP_PREPARE_SUBSEQUENT_HANDOVER | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Target RNC Id | MAP_PREPARE_HANDOVER
MAP_PREPARE_SUBSEQUENT_HANDOVER | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | IMSI | MAP_PREPARE_HANDOVER | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | RAB ID/ Selected RAB id | MAP_PREPARE_HANDOVER
MAP_PROCESS_ACCESS_SIGNALLING
MAP_PREPARE_SUBSEQUENT_HANDOVER | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Handover Number | MAP_PREPARE_HANDOVER
MAP_SEND_HANDOVER_REPORT | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Iu-Selected Codec | MAP_PREPARE_HANDOVER
MAP_PROCESS_ACCESS_SIGNALLING
MAP_FORWARD_ACCESS_SIGNALLING | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Iu-Currently Used Codec | MAP_PREPARE_HANDOVER
MAP_FORWARD_ACCESS_SIGNALLING | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Iu-Supported Codecs List | MAP_PREPARE_HANDOVER
MAP_FORWARD_ACCESS_SIGNALLING | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Iu-Available Codecs List | MAP_PREPARE_HANDOVER
MAP_PROCESS_ACCESS_SIGNALLING | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Target MSC Number | MAP_PREPARE_SUBSEQUENT_HANDOVER | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| G | MAP | IMSI | MAP_SEND_IDENTIFICATION | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | MSC Number | MAP_SEND_IDENTIFICATION | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| Mc | Megaco | Context | Every procedure where it appears | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Bearer Termination 1 | Every procedure where it appears | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Bearer Termination 2 | Every procedure where it appears | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Bearer Characteristics | Establish Bearer | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Destination Binding Reference | Establish Bearer | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Sender Binding Reference | Prepare Bearer | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Codec | Prepare Bearer
Modify Bearer Characteristics | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Release Cause | Release Bearer
Bearer Released | M | M | TS 23.205 | + +Error: + +17 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | | | M | M | | +| | | RAB ID | RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE
RAB RELEASE REQUEST
IU RELEASE COMPLETE
RELOCATION REQUEST
RELOCATION REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE
RELOCATION COMMAND | | | TS 25.413 | +| Iu | RANAP | Cause | RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE
RAB RELEASE REQUEST
IU RELEASE REQUEST
IU RELEASE COMMAND
RELOCATION REQUIRED
RELOCATION REQUEST
RELOCATION REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE
RELOCATION PREPARATION FAILURE
RELOCATION FAILURE
RELOCATION CANCEL
SECURITY MODE REJECT
LOCATION REPORT
ERROR INDICATION | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Source ID | RELOCATION REQUIRED | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Target ID | RELOCATION REQUIRED | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Paging Cause | PAGING | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Permanent NAS UE Identity | COMMON ID
PAGING
RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Area Identity | LOCATION REPORT | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Last Known Service Area | LOCATION REPORT | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | LAI | INITIAL UE MESSAGE
DIRECT TRANSFER | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | SAI | INITIAL UE MESSAGE
DIRECT TRANSFER | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Global RNC-ID | ERROR INDICATION | M | M | TS 25.413 | + +## 4.3 MGW Trace Record Content + +The following table describes the trace record content for minimum and medium trace depth for Megaco protocol in the Media GateWay (MGW). + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Procedure name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|-----------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| Mc | Megaco | Context | Every procedure where it appears | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Bearer Termination 1 | Every procedure where it appears | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Bearer Termination 2 | Every procedure where it appears | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Bearer Characteristics | Establish Bearer | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Destination Binding Reference | Establish Bearer | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Destination Bearer Address | Establish Bearer | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Sender Binding Reference | Prepare Bearer | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Sender Bearer Address | Prepare Bearer | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Codec | Prepare Bearer
Modify Bearer Characteristics | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| | | Release Cause | Release Bearer
Bearer Released | M | M | TS 23.205 | +| Iu-UP, Nb-UP | | Error Cause value | Every NACK message | M | M | TS 25.415 | +| Iu-UP, Nb-UP | | RFCl indicators | Rate control procedure | M | M | TS 25.415 | +| Iu-UP, Nb-UP | | Local_Channel_Type | TFO_TRANS | M | M | TS 28.062 | +| Iu-UP, Nb-UP | | Indication whether character is received by the CTM receiver | CTM availability negotiation | M | M | TS 26.226 | + +## 4.4 SGSN Trace Record Content + +The following table shows the trace record content for SGSN. + +The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +For SGSN, the Minimum level of detail shall be supported. + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|------------------------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| lu | SM | Requested QoS/Requested new QoS | ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
ACTIVATE SECONDARY PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
MODIFY PDP CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Requested PDP address | ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Access point name | ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
REQUEST PDP CONTEXT ACTIVATION | M | M | TS 24.008
TS 23.003 | +| | | Negotiated QoS/New QoS | ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT ACCEPT
ACTIVATE SECONDARY PDP CONTEXT ACCEPT
MODIFY PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
MODIFY PDP CONTEXT ACCEPT | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | PDP Address | ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT ACCEPT
MODIFY PDP CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | SM cause | ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REJECT
ACTIVATE SECONDARY PDP CONTEXT REJECT
REQUEST PDP CONTEXT ACTIVATION REJECT
MODIFY PDP CONTEXT REJECT
DEACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
SM STATUS | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Offered PDP address | REQUEST PDP CONTEXT ACTIVATION | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| lu | MM | MS network capability | ATTACH REQUEST
ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Attach type | ATTACH REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | IMSI | ATTACH REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | MS Radio Access capability | ATTACH REQUEST
ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Attach result | ATTACH ACCEPT | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Routing area identification | ATTACH ACCEPT
ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST
ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | GMM cause | ATTACH ACCEPT
ATTACH REJECT
DETACH REQUEST
AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING FAILURE
ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT
ROUTING AREA UPDATE REJECT
GMM STATUS | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Detach type | DETACH REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Mobile identity | AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING RESPONSE
IDENTITY RESPONSE
ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Update type | ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| | | Update result | ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT | M | M | TS 24.008 | +| lu | SMS | TP-Originating-Address | SMS-DELIVER | M | M | TS 23.040 | +| | | TP-Service-Centre-Time-Stamp | SMS-DELIVER
SMS-SUBMIT-REPORT
SMS-STATUS-REPORT | M | M | TS 23.040 | + +| | | | | Trace depth | | | +|----|-----|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | TP-Failure-Cause | SMS-DELIVER-REPORT
SMS-SUBMIT-REPORT | M | M | TS 23.040 | +| | | TP-Destination-Address | SMS-SUBMIT
SMS-COMMAND | M | M | TS 23.040 | +| | | TP-Recipient-Address | SMS-STATUS-REPORT | M | M | TS 23.040 | +| Gn | GTP | IMSI | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REQUEST
IDENTIFICATION RESPONSE
SGSN CONTEXT REQUEST
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST
RELOCATION CANCEL REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
DELETE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | RAI | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
IDENTIFICATION REQUEST
SGSN CONTEXT REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | End User Address | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
DELETE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
MBMS REGISTRATION REQUEST
MBMS DE-REGISTRATION REQUEST
MBMS SESSION START REQUEST
MBMS SESSION STOP REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | Access Point Name | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
DELETE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
MBMS REGISTRATION REQUEST
MBMS DE-REGISTRATION REQUEST
MBMS SESSION START REQUEST
MBMS SESSION STOP REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | + +| | | | Trace depth | | | +|--|--|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---|-------------| +| | | SGSN Address for signalling | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
IDENTIFICATION REQUEST
SGSN CONTEXT REQUEST
SGSN CONTEXT RESPONSE
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST
FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M TS 29.060 | +| | | SGSN Address for user traffic | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
SGSN CONTEXT ACKNOWLEDGE
MBMS SESSION START RESPONSE | M | M TS 29.060 | +| | | MSISDN | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M TS 29.060 | +| | | Quality of Service Profile | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
MBMS SESSION START REQUEST | M | M TS 29.060 | +| | | RAT Type | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M TS 29.060 | +| | | IMEI(SV) | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M TS 29.060 | +| | | User Location Information | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M TS 29.060 | +| | | Cause | CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
DELETE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
PDU NOTIFICATION RESPONSE
PDU NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REJECT RESPONSE
IDENTIFICATION RESPONSE
SGSN CONTEXT RESPONSE
SGSN CONTEXT ACKNOWLEDGE
FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE
RELOCATION CANCEL RESPONSE
FORWARD RELOCATION COMPLETE ACKNOWLEDGE
FORWARD SRNS CONTEXT ACKNOWLEDGE
MBMS NOTIFICATION RESPONSE
MBMS NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REJECT RESPONSE
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE MBMS CONTEXT RESPONSE
DELETE MBMS CONTEXT RESPONSE
MBMS REGISTRATION RESPONSE
MBMS DE-REGISTRATION RESPONSE
MBMS SESSION START RESPONSE
MBMS SESSION STOP RESPONSE | M | M TS 29.060 | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | GGSN Address for Control Plane | CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
PDU NOTIFICATION REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE MBMS CONTEXT RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | GGSN Address for user traffic | CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | GSN Address | ERROR INDICATION | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | SGSN Number | SGSN CONTEXT REQUEST
FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | MBMS UE Context | SGSN CONTEXT RESPONSE
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | RANAP Cause | FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST
FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | Target Identification | FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| Gs | BSSAP+ | IMSI | BSSAP+-ALERT-ACK
BSSAP+-ALERT-REJECT
BSSAP+-ALERT-REQUEST
BSSAP+-DOWNLINK-TUNNEL-REQUEST
BSSAP+-GPRS-DETACH-ACK
BSSAP+-GPRS-DETACH-INDICATION
BSSAP+-IMSI-DETACH-ACK
BSSAP+-IMSI-DETACH-INDICATION
BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-ACCEPT
BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-REJECT
BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-REQUEST
BSSAP+-MOBILE-STATUS
BSSAP+-MS-ACTIVITY-INDICATION
BSSAP+-MS-UNREACHABLE
BSSAP+-PAGING-REJECT
BSSAP+-PAGING-REQUEST
BSSAP+-TMSI-REALLOCATION-COMPLETE
BSSAP+-UPLINK-TUNNEL-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | Gs Cause | BSSAP+-ALERT-REJECT
BSSAP+-MOBILE-STATUS
BSSAP+-MS-UNREACHABLE
BSSAP+-PAGING-REJECT | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | VLR number | BSSAP+-DOWNLINK-TUNNEL-REQUEST
BSSAP+-PAGING-REQUEST
BSSAP+-RESET-ACK
BSSAP+-RESET-INDICATION | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | SGSN number | BSSAP+-GPRS-DETACH-INDICATION
BSSAP+-IMSI-DETACH-INDICATION
BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-REQUEST
BSSAP+-RESET-ACK
BSSAP+-RESET-INDICATION
BSSAP+-UPLINK-TUNNEL-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | IMSI detach from GPRS service type | BSSAP+-GPRS-DETACH-INDICATION | M | M | TS 29.018 | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|--------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----------|-----------| +| | | Cell global identity/ New CGI | BSSAP+-GPRS-DETACH-INDICATION
BSSAP+-IMSI-DETACH-INDICATION
BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-REQUEST
BSSAP+-MS-ACTIVITY-INDICATION
BSSAP+-TMSI-REALLOCATION-COMPLETE | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | Service area identification /New SAI | BSSAP+-GPRS-DETACH-INDICATION
BSSAP+-IMSI-DETACH-INDICATION
BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-REQUEST
BSSAP+-MS-ACTIVITY-INDICATION
BSSAP+-TMSI-REALLOCATION-COMPLETE | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | Detach type | BSSAP+-IMSI-DETACH-INDICATION | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | Reject cause | BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-REJECT | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | Update type | BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | LAI/Old LAI | BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-ACCEPT
BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-REQUEST
BSSAP+-PAGING-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | IMEISV | BSSAP+-LOCATION-UPDATE-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| | | Erroneous message | BSSAP+-MOBILE-STATUS | M | M | TS 29.018 | +| Gr | MAP | IMSI | MAP_CANCEL_LOCATION
MAP_PURGE_MS
MAP_UPDATE_GPRS_LOCATION
MAP_NOTE_MM_EVENT
MAP-INSERT-SUBSCRIBER-DATA
MAP-DELETE-SUBSCRIBER-DATA
MAP-READY-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Cancellation Type | MAP_CANCEL_LOCATION | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Location Information for GPRS | MAP_NOTE_MM_EVENT | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | MSISDN | MAP-INSERT-SUBSCRIBER-DATA | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Alert Reason | MAP-READY-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | SM RP OA | MAP-MO-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE
MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| Gd | | SM RP DA | MAP-MO-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE
MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | IMSI | MAP-MO-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | More Messages To Send | MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| Gf | | IMEI(SV) | MAP_CHECK_IMEI | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Equipment status | MAP_CHECK_IMEI | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| Iu | RANAP | RAB ID | RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE
RAB RELEASE REQUEST
IU RELEASE COMPLETE
RELOCATION REQUEST
RELOCATION REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE
RELOCATION COMMAND | M | M | TS 25.413 | + +Error: + +25 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | Cause | RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE
RAB RELEASE REQUEST
IU RELEASE REQUEST
IU RELEASE COMMAND
RELOCATION REQUIRED
RELOCATION REQUEST
RELOCATION REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE
RELOCATION PREPARATION FAILURE
RELOCATION FAILURE
RELOCATION CANCEL
SECURITY MODE REJECT
LOCATION REPORT
ERROR INDICATION | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Source ID | RELOCATION REQUIRED | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Target ID | RELOCATION REQUIRED | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Paging Cause | PAGING | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Permanent NAS UE Identity | COMMON ID
PAGING
RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Area Identity | LOCATION REPORT | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Last Known Service Area | LOCATION REPORT | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | RAC | INITIAL UE MESSAGE
DIRECT TRANSFER | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | SAI | INITIAL UE MESSAGE
DIRECT TRANSFER | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Global RNC-ID | ERROR INDICATION | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| S3 | GTPv2C | IMSI | DETACH NOTIFICATION
CS PAGING INDICATON
RELOCATION CANCEL Request
IDENTIFICATION RESPONSE
CONTEXT RESPONSE
CONTEXT REQUEST
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | TMSI | CS PAGING INDICATON | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | GUTI | CONTEXT REQUEST
IDENTIFICATION Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | RAI | IDENTIFICATION Request
CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | P-TMSI | IDENTIFICATION Request
CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Indication | FORWARD RELOCATION COMPLETE NOTIFICATION
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | BSSGP Cause | FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | RANAP Cause | FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | eNodeB Cause | FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.274 | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | Notes | +|----------------|------------|-------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-------------| +| | | RAT Type | CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | Target Identification | FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | Cause | RELOCATION CANCEL RESPONSE
FORWARD SRNS CONTEXT ACKNOWLEDGE
IDENTIFICATION RESPONSE
CONTEXT ACKNOWLEDGE
CONTEXT RESPONSE
FORWARD RELOCATION COMPLETE ACKNOWLEDGE
FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE
DETACH NOTIFICATION
DETACH aCKNOWLEDGE | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | RAN Cause | FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | Selected PLMN ID | FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M TS 29.274 | +| S4 | GTPV2C | Traffic Aggregate Description (TAD) | Bearer Resource Command | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Linked Bearer Identity (LBI) | Bearer Resource Command
Create Bearer Request
Delete Bearer Response | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Linked EPS Bearer ID | Bearer Resource Failure Indication
Delete Session Request
Delete Bearer Request | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Cause | Bearer Resource Failure Indication
Create Session Response
Create Bearer Response
Modify Bearer Response
Delete Session Response
Delete Bearer Response
Downlink Data Notification Acknowledgement
Downlink Data Notification Failure Indication
Update Bearer Response
Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Response
Update Bearer Complete | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Bearer Contexts to be modified | Modify Bearer Request | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Bearer Contexts to be removed | Modify Bearer Request | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | IMSI | Create Session Request
Update Bearer Request | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | MSISDN | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Response | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Serving Network | Create Session Request | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Access Point Name (APN) | Create Session Request | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | PDN Type | Create Session Request | M | M TS 25.413 | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | Notes | +|----------------|------------|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-------------| +| | | Bearer Contexts | Create Session Request
Create Bearer Request
Create Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Request
Delete Bearer Response
Update Bearer Request
Update Bearer Response
Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Request
Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Response
Update Bearer Complete | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | RAT Type | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Request | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Bearer Contexts created | Create Session Response | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Bearer Contexts marked for removal | Create Session Response | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Bearer Contexts modified | Modify Bearer Response | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | Bearer Contexts marked for removal | Modify Bearer Response | M | M TS 25.413 | +| | | | | | | +| S6d | Diameter | User Name | NOTIFY REQUEST
AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION REQUEST
DELETE SUBSCRIBER DATA REQUEST
INSERT SUBSCRIBER DATA REQUEST
PURGE UE REQUEST
CANCEL LOCATION REQUEST
UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M TS 29.272 | +| | | Terminal Information | NOTIFY REQUEST
UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M TS 29.272 | +| | | Result | NOTIFY ANSWER
AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION ANSWER
DELETE SUBSCRIBER DATA ANSWER
INSERT SUBSCRIBER DATA ANSWER
PURGE UE ANSWER
CANCEL LOCATION ANSWER
UPDATE LOCATION ANSWER | M | M TS 29.272 | +| | | RAT Type | UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M TS 29.272 | +| | | APN | NOTIFY REQUEST | M | M TS 29.272 | +| | | Visited PLMN Id | AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION REQUEST
UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M TS 29.272 | +| | | | | | | +| S13' | Diameter | Terminal Information | ME Identity Check Request | M | M TS 29.272 | +| | | Result | ME Identity Check Answer | M | M TS 29.272 | + +## 4.5 GGSN Trace Record Content + +The following table describes the trace record content for minimum and medium trace depth for GGSN. + +The record content is same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +For GGSN, the Minimum level of detail shall be supported. + +| Interface name | Prot. Name | IE name | MESSAGE NAME(S) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|-----------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| Gn | GTP | IMSI | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REQUEST
SEND ROUTING INFORMATION FOR GPRS REQUEST
SEND ROUTING INFORMATION FOR GPRS RESPONSE
FAILURE REPORT REQUEST
NOTE MS PRESENT REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
DELETE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | RAI | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | End User Address | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
DELETE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
MBMS REGISTRATION REQUEST
MBMS DE-REGISTRATION REQUEST
MBMS SESSION START REQUEST
MBMS SESSION STOP REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | Access Point Name | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
DELETE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
MBMS REGISTRATION REQUEST
MBMS DE-REGISTRATION REQUEST
MBMS SESSION START REQUEST
MBMS SESSION STOP REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | SGSN Address for signalling | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | SGSN Address for user traffic | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
MBMS SESSION START RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | MSISDN | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | + +| Interface name | Prot. Name | IE name | MESSAGE NAME(S) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|--------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | Quality of Service Profile | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
MBMS SESSION START REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | RAT Type | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | IMEI(SV) | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | User Location Information | CREATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | Cause | CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
DELETE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
PDU NOTIFICATION RESPONSE
PDU NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
PDU NOTIFICATION REJECT RESPONSE
SEND ROUTING INFORMATION FOR GPRS RESPONSE
FAILURE REPORT RESPONSE
NOTE MS GPRS PRESENT RESPONSE
MBMS NOTIFICATION RESPONSE
MBMS NOTIFICATION REJECT REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REJECT RESPONSE
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE MBMS CONTEXT RESPONSE
DELETE MBMS CONTEXT RESPONSE
MBMS REGISTRATION RESPONSE
MBMS DE-REGISTRATION RESPONSE
MBMS SESSION START RESPONSE
MBMS SESSION STOP RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | GGSN Address for Control Plane | CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
PDU NOTIFICATION REQUEST
MBMS NOTIFICATION REQUEST
CREATE MBMS CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE MBMS CONTEXT RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | GGSN Address for user traffic | CREATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE
UPDATE PDP CONTEXT RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | MAP Cause | SEND ROUTING INFORMATION FOR GPRS RESPONSE
FAILURE REPORT RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| | | GSN Address | SEND ROUTING INFORMATION FOR GPRS RESPONSE
NOTE MS PRESENT REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.060 | +| Gmb | Diameter Gmb | IMSI | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR)
MBMS AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE (AAA) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | RAI | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | Access Point Name | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | MSISDN | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | IMEI(SV) | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | IP Multicast Address | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | TMGI | MBMS AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE (AAA) | M | M | TS 29.061 | + +Error: + +31 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface name | Prot. Name | IE name | MESSAGE NAME(S) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | Result-Code | MBMS AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE (AAA)
MBMS USER DEACTIVATION RESPONSE (STA)
MBMS SESSION START-STOP INDICATION RESPONSE (RAA)
MBMS SERVICE TERMINATION ANSWER (ASR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | Experimental-Result | MBMS AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE (AAA)
MBMS SESSION START-STOP INDICATION RESPONSE (RAA) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | Error-Reporting-Host | MBMS AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE (AAA)
MBMS USER DEACTIVATION RESPONSE (STA)
MBMS SESSION START-STOP INDICATION RESPONSE (RAA)
MBMS SERVICE TERMINATION ANSWER (ASR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | + +## 4.6 UTRAN Trace Record Content + +For RNC, the Maximum level of detail shall be supported. + +**Table 4.6.1 : UTRAN Trace Record Content** + +| Interface (specific messages) | Format | Level of details | | | Description | +|-------------------------------------------|---------|------------------|-----|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Min | Med | Max | | +| RRC (without rrc dedicated measurements) | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | rnclD of traced RNC | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from RRC messages between the traced RNC and the UE. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.6.2. is provided. | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | Raw Uu Messages: RRC messages between the traced RNC and the UE. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| Iub (without nbap dedicated measurements) | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | rnclD of traced RNC
cld | +| | | M | M | X | rbld + Dedicated IE extracted from NBAP messages send/received inside traced UEs communication context. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.6.2. is provided | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | Raw Iub Messages: NBAP messages between the traced RNC and the NodeB or cell. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| Iu | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | rnclD of traced RNC
CoreNetworkID
CN Domain Indicator | +| | | M | M | X | rabld + Dedicated IE extracted from RANAP messages between the traced RNC and Core Network. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.6.2. is provided. | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | Raw Iu Messages RANAP: messages between the traced RNC and Core Network The encoded content of the message is provided | +| Iur | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | rnclD of traced RNC
rnclD of neighbouring RNC | +| | | M | M | X | rlld + Dedicated IE extracted from RNSAP messages between the traced RNC and the neighbouring RNC. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.6.2. is provided | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | Raw Iur Messages: RNSAP messages between the traced RNC and the neighbouring RNC. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| nbap (only dedicated measurements) | Decoded | X | M | X | Iub IEs from NBAP measurement reports messages | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | NBAP measurement reports messages | +| rrc (only dedicated measurements) | Decoded | X | M | X | Uu IEs from RRC measurement reports messages | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | RRC measurement reports messages | + +### **Definitions:** + +- mcID of traced RNC: The id of the RNC traced, e.g. the RNC which handles the connection of the traced MS, during the Trace Recording Session. +- mcID of neighbouring RNC: The ids of all Neighbouring RNC involved in the Iur procedures during the Trace Recording Session. +- cId: The cIds of all cells involved in the Iub and Iur procedures during the Trace Recording Session. The cId is provided with each NBAP and RNSAP messages for which the cId is relevant. +- rabId: Specific recorded IE that contains the RAB identifier. +- rId: Specific recorded IE that contains the Radio Link identifier +- rbId: Specific recorded IE that contains the Radio Bearer identifier +- Message name: Name of the protocol message +- Record extensions: A set of manufacturer specific extensions to the record +- Decoded: Some IEs shall be decoded (cf. detailed list in table 4.6.2. depending on trace depth) +- ASN.1: Messages in encoded format + +**Table 4.6.2 : trace record description for minimum and medium trace depth** + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|-----------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|-----------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| Uu | RRC | RAB info type | RADIO BEARER SETUP
HO TO UTRAN COMMAND
RADIO BEARER RELEASE
RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION | M | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | RB info type | RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION
RADIO BEARER RELEASE
RADIO BEARER SETUP
HO TO UTRAN COMMAND | M | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | URA identity | RADIO BEARER SETUP
RADIO BEARER RELEASE
URA UPDATE CONFIRM
RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION | M | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | CN domain | SIGNALLING CONNECTION RELEASE
INITIAL DIRECT TRANSFER
DL DIRECT TRANSFER
UL DIRECT TRANSFER | M | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | Logical channel priority | RADIO BEARER SETUP | M | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | RRC state indicator | RADIO BEARER SETUP
PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION
TRANSPORT CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION
RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION
CELL UPDATE CONFIRM
URA UPDATE CONFIRM | M | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | Primary CPICH scrambling code of added cell | ACTIVE SET UPDATE | O | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | Primary CPICH scrambling code of removed cell | ACTIVE SET UPDATE | O | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | Target cell identity | CELL CHANGE ORDER | M | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | Cell synchronisation information | RRC/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = intra frequency | X | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | Cell parameters Id | RRC/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = intra frequency | O | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | Timeslot list | RRC/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = intra frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | CPICH Ec/No | RRC/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = intra frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | CPICH RSCP | RRC/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = intra frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | PCCPCH RSCP | RRC/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = intra frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | + +| Interface | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|-----------|-------|------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | | | X | M | | +| | | Pathloss | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = intra frequency | X | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | UARFCN uplink (Nu) | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | UARFCN downlink (Nd) | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | UARFCN (Nt) | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | Cell synchronisation information | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter frequency | X | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | CPICH Ec/No | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | CPICH RSCP | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | PCCPCH RSCP | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | Pathloss | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter frequency | X | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | Cell parameters Id | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter frequency | O | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | Timeslot list | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter frequency | X | O | TS 25.331 | +| | | BCCH ARFCN | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter RAT | X | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | GSM Carrier RSSI | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = inter RAT | X | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | RLC buffer Payload | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = traffic volume | X | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | Average RLC buffer payload | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = traffic volume | X | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | Variance of RLC buffer payload | RRc/MEASUREMENT REPORT
for measurement = traffic volume | X | M | TS 25.331 | +| | | Logged Connection Establishment Failure Report | UE INFORMATION RESPONSE | X | M | TS 25.331 | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | | | M | O | | +| | | RL identity | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION READY
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION FAILURE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION RESPONSE
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST
RADIO LINK SETUP RESPONSE
RADIO LINK SETUP FAILURE
RADIO LINK ADDITION RESPONSE
RADIO LINK ADDITION FAILURE
RADIO LINK DELETION REQUEST | | | TS 25.433 | +| Iub | NBAP | RL info type | RADIO LINK SETUP FAILURE
RADIO LINK ADDITION FAILURE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION FAILURE | M | M | TS 25.433 | +| | | C-ID | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.433 | +| | | UL Scrambling Code | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE | O | O | TS 25.433 | +| | | UL Timeslot information | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE | O | O | TS 25.433 | +| | | UL SIR target | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE | M | M | TS 25.433 | +| | | Minimum UL channelization length | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE | O | O | TS 25.433 | +| | | Initial DL transmission Power | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.433 | +| | | Maximum DL transmission Power | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.433 | +| | | Minimum DL transmission Power | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.433 | +| | | DL scrambling code | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST | O | O | TS 25.433 | + +| Interface | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|-----------|-------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | | | | | | +| | | DL Code information | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST | O | O | TS 25.433 | +| | | DL Timeslot information | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST | O | O | TS25.433 | +| | | Puncture limit | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE | M | M | TS 25.433 | +| | | UL Time Slot ISCP Info | RADIO LINK SETUP RESPONSE
RADIO LINK ADDITION RESPONSE | O | O | TS 25.433 | +| | | Received total wide band power | RADIO LINK SETUP RESPONSE
RADIO LINK SETUP FAILURE
RADIO LINK ADDITION RESPONSE
RADIO LINK ADDITION FAILURE | O | O | TS 25.433 | +| Iu | RANAP | RAB identity | All messages where it is present | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | RAB info type | RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
RELOCATION REQUEST
RAB MODIFY REQUEST
RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | RAB parameters | RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Assigned RAB parameters values | RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Requested RAB parameters values | RAB MODIFY REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Source ID | RELOCATION REQUIRED | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | Target ID | RELOCATION REQUIRED | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | LAI | DIRECT TRANSFER | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | RAC | DIRECT TRANSFER | M | M | TS 25.413 | +| | | SAI | DIRECT TRANSFER | M | M | TS 25.413 | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | | | M | O | | +| | | RL id identity | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION READY
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION FAILURE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION RESPONSE
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST
RADIO LINK SETUP RESPONSE
RADIO LINK SETUP FAILURE
RADIO LINK ADDITION RESPONSE
RADIO LINK ADDITION FAILURE
RADIO LINK DELETION REQUEST | | | TS 25.423 | +| Iur | RNSAP | C-ID | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.423 | +| | | RL info type | RADIO LINK SETUP FAILURE
RADIO LINK ADDITION FAILURE
RADIO LINK SETUP FAILURE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION FAILURE | M | M | TS 25.423 | +| | | UL Scrambling Code | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE | O | O | TS 25.423 | +| | | UL Timeslot information | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE | O | O | TS 25.423 | +| | | UL SIR target | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE | M | M | TS 25.423 | +| | | Minimum UL channelization length | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE | O | O | TS 25.423 | +| | | Initial DL transmission Power | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.423 | +| | | Maximum DL transmission Power | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.423 | +| | | Minimum DL transmission Power | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 25.423 | +| | | DL scrambling code | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST | O | O | TS 25.423 | + +Error: + +39 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|-----------|-------|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----------|-----------| +| | | | | | | | +| | | DL channelization code | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST | O | O | TS 25.423 | +| | | DL Timeslot information | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION REQUEST | O | O | TS 25.423 | +| | | Puncture limit | RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE | M | M | TS 25.423 | +| | | UL Time Slot ISCP Info | RADIO LINK SETUP RESPONSE
RADIO LINK ADDITION RESPONSE | O | O | TS 25.423 | +| | | Received total wide band power | RADIO LINK SETUP RESPONSE
RADIO LINK SETUP FAILURE
RADIO LINK ADDITION RESPONSE
RADIO LINK ADDITION FAILURE | O | O | TS 25.423 | + +### **Constraints:** + +The following optional IE names shall be supported for corresponding modes as described below: + +#### **For FDD mode:** + +- Primary CPICH scrambling code of added cell +- Primary CPICH scrambling code of removed cell +- CPICH Ec/No +- CPICH RSCP +- UL Scrambling Code +- Minimum UL channelization length +- UARFCN downlink (Nd) +- UARFCN uplink (Nu) +- DL Scrambling Code +- DL Code information +- DL channelization code +- Received total wide band power + +#### **For TDD mode :** + +- PCCPCH RSCP +- Cell parameters Id +- UARFCN (Nt) +- Timeslot list +- UL Timeslot information +- DL Timeslot information +- UL Time Slot ISCP Info + +4.7 Void + +4.8 Void + +## 4.9 HSS Trace Record Content + +The following table contains the Trace record description for the minimum and medium trace depth for MAP and Diameter protocol for the C, D, Gr, Gc, Cx, Sh and S6a interfaces in the HSS. + +The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|------------------------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| D | MAP | IMSI | MAP_UPDATE_LOCATION
MAP_CANCEL_LOCATION
MAP_PURGE_MS
MAP-INSERT-SUBSCRIBER-DATA
MAP_RESTORE_DATA
MAP-SEND-IMSI
MAP-READY-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | MSC Address | MAP_UPDATE_LOCATION | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | VLR number | MAP_UPDATE_LOCATION
MAP_PURGE_MS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | SGSN number | MAP_PURGE_MS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | MSISDN | MAP-INSERT-SUBSCRIBER-DATA
MAP-SEND-IMSI | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | MS Not Reachable Flag | MAP_RESTORE_DATA | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | SS-Code | MAP_REGISTER_SS
MAP_ERASE_SS
MAP_ACTIVATE_SS
MAP_DEACTIVATE_SS
MAP_INTERROGATE_SS
MAP_REGISTER_PASSWORD
MAP_REGISTER_CC_ENTRY
MAP_ERASE_CC_ENTRY | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Forwarded-to number with subaddress | MAP_REGISTER_SS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Alert Reason | MAP-READY-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Basic service | MAP_REGISTER_SS
MAP_ERASE_SS
MAP_ACTIVATE_SS
MAP_DEACTIVATE_SS
MAP_INTERROGATE_SS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| C | MAP | Service Centre Address | MAP-SEND-ROUTING-INFO-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Network Node Number | MAP-SEND-ROUTING-INFO-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | GPRS Node Indicator | MAP-SEND-ROUTING-INFO-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | MSISDN | MAP-SEND-ROUTING-INFO-FOR-SM
Send Routeing Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Number of forwarding | Send Routeing Info | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | IMSI | Send Routeing Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | + +| Interface name | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|----------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|------------------------| +| | | Roaming number | Send Routeing Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Forwarded-to number | Send Routeing Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Forwarding reason | Send Routeing Info ack | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Additional Number | MAP-SEND-ROUTING-INFO-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| Gr | MAP | SGSN address | MAP_UPDATE_GPRS_LOCATION | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | IMSI | MAP_CANCEL_LOCATION
MAP_PURGE_MS
MAP_UPDATE_GPRS_LOCATION
MAP-INSERT-SUBSCRIBER-DATA
MAP-READY-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | SGSN number | MAP_UPDATE_GPRS_LOCATION
MAP_PURGE_MS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Alert Reason | MAP-READY-FOR-SM | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| Gc | MAP | IMSI | MAP_SEND_ROUTING_INFO_FOR_GPRS
MAP_FAILURE_REPORT
MAP_NOTE_MS_PRESENT_FOR_GPRS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | SGSN address | MAP_SEND_ROUTING_INFO_FOR_GPRS
MAP_NOTE_MS_PRESENT_FOR_GPRS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | GGSN address | MAP_SEND_ROUTING_INFO_FOR_GPRS
MAP_FAILURE_REPORT
MAP_NOTE_MS_PRESENT_FOR_GPRS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Mobile Not Reachable Reason | MAP_SEND_ROUTING_INFO_FOR_GPRS | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| Cx | Diameter | Public User Identity | USER-AUTHORIZATION-REQUEST
MULTIMEDIA-AUTH-REQUEST
LOCATION INFO REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.228 | +| | | Private User Identity | USER-AUTHORIZATION-REQUEST
MULTIMEDIA-AUTH-REQUEST
REGISTRATION-TERMINATION-REQUEST
PUSH-PROFILE-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.228 | +| | | Visited Network Identifier | USER-AUTHORIZATION-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.228 | +| | | S-CSCF Name | SERVER-ASSIGNMENT-REQUEST
MULTIMEDIA-AUTH-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.228 | +| | | Server Assignment Type | SERVER-ASSIGNMENT-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.228 | +| | | User Data Already Available | SERVER-ASSIGNMENT-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.228 | +| | | Reason for de-registration | REGISTRATION-TERMINATION-REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.228 | + +| Interface name | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | Notes | +|----------------|----------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-------------| +| | | Routing Information | REGISTRATION-TERMINATION-REQUEST
PUSH-PROFILE-REQUEST | M | M TS 29.228 | +| | | Number Authentication Items | MULTIMEDIA-AUTH-REQUEST | M | M TS 29.228 | +| | | Authentication Data | MULTIMEDIA-AUTH-REQUEST | M | M TS 29.228 | +| | | Authentication Scheme | MULTIMEDIA-AUTH-REQUEST | M | M TS 29.228 | +| | | Registration result | SERVER-ASSIGNMENT-ANSWER | M | M TS 29.228 | +| | | Result | USER-AUTHORIZATION-ANSWER
REGISTRATION-TERMINATION-ANSWER
LOCATION INFO ANSWER
PUSH-PROFILE-ANSWER
MULTIMEDIA-AUTH-ANSWER | M | M TS 29.228 | +| Sh | Diameter | User Identity | USER-DATA-REQUEST
PROFILE-UPDATE-REQUEST
SUBSCRIBE-NOTIFICATIONS-REQUEST
PUSH-NOTIFICATION-REQUEST | M | M TS 29.328 | +| | | Requested data | USER-DATA-REQUEST
PROFILE-UPDATE-REQUEST
SUBSCRIBE-NOTIFICATIONS-REQUEST | M | M TS 29.328 | +| | | Application Server Identity | USER-DATA-REQUEST
PROFILE-UPDATE-REQUEST
SUBSCRIBE-NOTIFICATIONS-REQUEST | M | M TS 29.328 | +| | | Data | PROFILE-UPDATE-REQUEST
PUSH-NOTIFICATION-REQUEST | M | M TS 29.328 | +| | | Subscription request type | SUBSCRIBE-NOTIFICATIONS-REQUEST | M | M TS 29.328 | +| | | Result | USER-DATA-ANSWER
PROFILE-UPDATE-ANSWER
SUBSCRIBE-NOTIFICATIONS-ANSWER
PUSH-NOTIFICATION-ANSWER | M | M TS 29.328 | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | | | M | M | | +| | | User Name | NOTIFY REQUEST
AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION REQUEST
DELETE SUBSCRIBER DATA REQUEST
INSERT SUBSCRIBER DATA REQUEST
PURGE UE REQUEST
CANCEL LOCATION REQUEST
UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | | | TS 29.272 | +| S6a | Diameter | Terminal Information | NOTIFY REQUEST
UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.272 | +| | | Result | NOTIFY ANSWER
AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION ANSWER
DELETE SUBSCRIBER DATA ANSWER
INSERT SUBSCRIBER DATA ANSWER
PURGE UE ANSWER
CANCEL LOCATION ANSWER
UPDATE LOCATION ANSWER | M | M | TS 29.272 | +| | | RAT Type | UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.272 | +| | | APN | NOTIFY REQUEST | | | | +| | | Visited PLMN Id | AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION REQUEST
UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.272 | + +## 4.10 BM-SC Trace Record Content + +The following table describes the trace record content for minimum and medium trace depth for BM-SC. + +The record content is same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +For BM-SC, the Minimum level of detail shall be supported. + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|-----------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| Gmb | Diameter
Gmb | IMSI | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR)
MBMS AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE (AAA) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | RAI | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | Access Point Name | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | MSISDN | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | IMEI(SV) | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | IP Multicast Address | MBMS AUTHORIZATION REQUEST (AAR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | TMGI | MBMS AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE (AAA) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | Result-Code | MBMS AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE (AAA)
MBMS USER DEACTIVATION RESPONSE (STA)
MBMS SESSION START-STOP INDICATION RESPONSE (RAA)
MBMS SERVICE TERMINATION ANSWER (ASR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | Experimental-Result | MBMS AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE (AAA)
MBMS SESSION START-STOP INDICATION RESPONSE (RAA) | M | M | TS 29.061 | +| | | Error-Reporting-Host | MBMS AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE (AAA)
MBMS USER DEACTIVATION RESPONSE (STA)
MBMS SESSION START-STOP INDICATION RESPONSE (RAA)
MBMS SERVICE TERMINATION ANSWER (ASR) | M | M | TS 29.061 | + +## 4.11 PGW Trace Record Content + +The following table shows the trace record content for PGW. + +The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +PGW shall support at least one of the following trace depth levels – Maximum, Medium or Minimum. + +**Table 4.11.1 : PGW Trace Record Content** + +| Interface (specific messages) | Format | Level of details | | | Description | +|-------------------------------|-----------|------------------|---------|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Min | Me
d | Max | | +| S2a/S2b | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | SGSNID of connected SGSN
PGW ID of the traced PGW | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from S2a/S2b messages between the traced PGW and the SGSN. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.11.2. is provided. | +| | Encoded * | X | X | M | Raw Messages: S2a/S2b messages between the traced PGW and the SGSN. The encoded content of the message is provided. | +| S5/S8 | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | SGW ID of the connected SGW
PGW of the traced PGW | +| | | M | M | X | IE extracted from S5/S8 messages between the traced PGW and SGW. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.11.2. is provided. | +| | Encoded * | X | X | M | Raw S5/S8 Messages: messages between the traced PGW and SGW. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| S6b | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | PGWID of the traced PGW | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from S6b messages between the traced PGW and the AAA. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.11.2. is provided | +| | Encoded * | X | X | M | Raw S6b messages between the traced PGW and the AAA. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| Gx | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | PCRF ID of the connected PCRF
PGW ID of the traced PGW | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from Gx messages between the traced PGW and another PCRF. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.11.2. is provided | +| | Encoded * | X | X | M | Raw Gx messages between the traced PGW and another PCRF. The encoded content of the message is provided | + +Encoded\* - the messages are left encoded in the format it was received. + +**Table 4.11.2 : PGW trace record description for minimum and medium trace depth** + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|--------------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| S2a/S2b | PMIP | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| S5/S8 | GTPv2C | IMSI | Create Session Request
Update Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | MSISDN | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Serving Network | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Access Point Name (APN) | Create Session Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | PDN Type | Create Session Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts | Create Session Request
Create Bearer Request
Create Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Request
Delete Bearer Response
Modify Bearer Command
Modify Bearer Failure
Indication
Update Bearer Request
Update Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Command
Delete Bearer Failure
Indication | M | M | TS
29.274 | + +Error: + +50 + +Error: Reference source not + +| | | | Trace depth | | | +|-----|-------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|--------------| +| | Cause | Create Session Response
Create Bearer Response
Bearer Resource Failure Indication
Modify Bearer Response
Delete Session Response
Delete Bearer Response
Modify Bearer Failure Indication
Update Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Failure Indication | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | Bearer Contexts created | Create Session Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | Bearer Contexts marked for removal | Create Session Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | APN Restriction | Create Session Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | Linked Bearer Identity (LBI) | Create Bearer Request
Bearer Resource Command
Delete Bearer Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | Traffic Aggregate Description (TAD) | Bearer Resource Command | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | Linked EPS Bearer ID | Bearer Resource Failure Indication
Delete Session Request
Delete Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | RAT Type | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | Bearer Contexts to be modified | Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | Bearer Contexts to be removed | Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | Bearer Contexts modified | | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | Bearer Contexts marked for removal | | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| S6b | Diameter | MIP Subscriber Profile | AAR
AAA | M | TS
29.273 | +| | | APN | AAR | M | TS
29.273 | +| | | QoS capabilities | AAR | M | TS
29.273 | +| | | Result Code | AAA | M | TS
29.273 | + +Error: + +51 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|------------------------|--------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | | | M | M | | +| | | QoS resources | AAA | M | M | TS 29.273 | +| | | 3GPP AAA Server Name | AAA | M | M | TS 29.273 | +| S2c | DSMIP | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | +| Gx | Diameter | Bearer-Identifier | CCR | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | Bearer-Operation | CCR | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | IP-CAN-Type | CCR | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | RAT-Type | CCR | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | QoS-Information | CCR
CCA
RAR | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | QoS-Negotiation | CCR | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | QoS-Upgrade | CCR | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | Default-EPS-Bearer-QoS | CCR
CCA
RAR | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | Supported-Features | CCR
CCA
RAR
RAA | M | M | TS 29.212 | + +Error: + +52 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|--------------------------|-------------|---|--------------| +| | | | | M | M | | +| | | Event-Trigger | CCR
CCA
RAR | M | M | TS
29.212 | +| | | Result Code | RAA | M | M | TS
29.212 | +| | | Origin-Realm | CCR
CCA
RAR
RAA | M | M | TS
29.212 | +| | | Destination-Realm | CCR
RAR | M | M | TS
29.212 | +| SGi | | | | | | | + +## 4.12 MME Trace Record Content + +The following table shows the trace record content for MME. + +The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +MME shall support at least one of the following trace depth levels – Maximum, Medium or Minimum. + +**Table 4.12.1 : MME Trace Record Content** + +| Interface (specific messages) | Format | Level of details | | | Description | +|-------------------------------|----------------------------------|------------------|---------|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Min | Me
d | Max | | +| S1 | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | eNBID of connected eNB
MME ID of the traced MME | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from S1 messages between the traced eNB and the MME. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.12.2. is provided. | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | Raw Messages: S1 messages between the traced eNB and the MME. The encoded content of the message is provided. | +| S1 NAS PDU IE | 3GPP TS 24.301, sections 8 and 9 | X | X | M | Hexdata dump of the decrypted NAS message formatted according to 3GPP TS 24.301, sections 8 and 9, recorded as a separate message entry in the call trace file | +| S3 | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | SGSN ID of the connected SGSN
MME ID of the traced MME | +| | | M | M | X | IE extracted from S3 messages between the traced MME and SGSN. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.12.2. is provided. | +| | Encoded * | X | X | M | Raw S3 Messages: messages between the traced MME and SGSN. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| S11 | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | SGW ID of the connected SGW
MME ID of the traced MME | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from S11 messages between the traced SGW and the MME. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.12.2. is provided | +| | Encoded * | X | X | M | Raw S11 messages between the traced SGW and the MME. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| S6a | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | HSS ID of the connected HSS
MME ID of the traced MME | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from S6a messages between the traced HSS and the MME. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.12.2. is provided | +| | Encoded * | X | X | M | Raw S6a messages between the traced HSS and the MME. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| S10 | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | MME ID of the connected MME
MME ID of the traced MME | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from S10 messages between the traced MME and another MME. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.12.2. is provided | +| | Encoded * | X | X | M | Raw S10 messages between the traced MME and another MME. The encoded content of the message is provided | + +Encoded\* - the messages are left encoded in the format it was received. + +**Table 4.12.2 : MME trace record description for minimum and medium trace depth** + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|-----------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| S1 | MM | EPS attach type | ATTACH REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | GUTI | ATTACH REQUEST
ATTACH ACCEPT
TRACKING AREA UPDATE REQUEST
TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT
DETACH REQUEST
GUTI REALLOCATION COMMAND | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | IMSI | ATTACH REQUEST
DETACH REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Old P-TMSI | ATTACH REQUEST
TRACKING AREA UPDATE REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | M-TMSI | | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Last visited registered TAI | ATTACH REQUEST
TRACKING AREA UPDATE REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | UE network capability | ATTACH REQUEST
TRACKING AREA UPDATE REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | MS network capability | ATTACH REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | LAI | ATTACH REQUEST
ATTACH ACCEPT
TRACKING AREA UPDATE REQUEST
TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | EPS attach result | ATTACH ACCEPT | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | EMM cause | ATTACH ACCEPT
ATTACH REJECT
TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT
TRACKING AREA UPDATE REJECT
DETACH REQUEST
AUTHENTICATION FAILURE
SERVICE REJECT
SECURITY MODE REJECT
EMM STATUS | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | EPS bearer context status | TRACKING AREA UPDATE REQUEST
TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Detach type | DETACH REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | EPS update type | TRACKING AREA UPDATE REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | EPS update result | TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Identity type | IDENTITY REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Mobile identity | IDENTITY RESPONSE | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | IMEISV request | SECURITY MODE COMMAND | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | IMEISV | SECURITY MODE COMPLETE | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Selected NAS security algorithms | SECURITY MODE COMMAND | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | UE security capability | SECURITY MODE COMMAND | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Equivalent PLMNs list | ATTACH ACCEPT
TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | TAI list | ATTACH ACCEPT
TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT
GUTI REALLOCATION COMMAND | M | M | TS 24.301 | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | | | M | M | | +| | | EPS bearer identity | PDN CONNECTIVITY REQUEST
PDN CONNECTIVITY REJECT
PDN DISCONNECT REQUEST
PDN DISCONNECT REJECT
ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT ACCEPT
ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REJECT
ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT ACCEPT
ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT REJECT
ESM STATUS
DEACTIVATE EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
DEACTIVATE EPS BEARER CONTEXT ACCEPT
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT ACCEPT
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT REJECT
BEARER RESOURCE ALLOCATION REQUEST
BEARER RESOURCE ALLOCATION REJECT
BEARER RESOURCE MODIFICATION REQUEST
BEARER RESOURCE MODIFICATION REJECT | | | TS 24.301 | +| S1 | SM | Linked EPS bearer identity | PDN DISCONNECT REQUEST
ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
BEARER RESOURCE ALLOCATION REQUEST
BEARER RESOURCE MODIFICATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Procedure Transaction Identity | PDN CONNECTIVITY REQUEST
PDN CONNECTIVITY REJECT
PDN DISCONNECT REQUEST
PDN DISCONNECT REJECT
ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT ACCEPT
ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REJECT
ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT ACCEPT
ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT REJECT
ESM STATUS
DEACTIVATE EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
DEACTIVATE EPS BEARER CONTEXT ACCEPT
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT ACCEPT
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT REJECT
BEARER RESOURCE ALLOCATION REQUEST
BEARER RESOURCE ALLOCATION REJECT
BEARER RESOURCE MODIFICATION REQUEST
BEARER RESOURCE MODIFICATION REJECT | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Request type | PDN CONNECTIVITY REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | APN | PDN CONNECTIVITY REQUEST
ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | EPS QoS | ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST | M | M | TS 24.301 | +| | | | | | | | + +| Interface name | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | Notes | +|----------------|---------|---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----------| +| | | Negotiated QoS/New QoS | ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST | M M | TS 24.301 | +| | | PDN address | ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST | M M | TS 24.301 | +| | | APN-AMBR | ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST | M M | TS 24.301 | +| | | ESM cause | PDN CONNECTIVITY REJECT
PDN DISCONNECT REJECT
ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER CONTEXT REJECT
ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT REJECT
ESM STATUS
DEACTIVATE EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT REJECT
BEARER RESOURCE ALLOCATION REJECT
BEARER RESOURCE MODIFICATION REQUEST
BEARER RESOURCE MODIFICATION REJECT | M M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Traffic flow template | ACTIVATE DEDICATED EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST
MODIFY EPS BEARER CONTEXT REQUEST | M M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Traffic flow aggregate | BEARER RESOURCE ALLOCATION REQUEST
BEARER RESOURCE MODIFICATION REQUEST | M M | TS 24.301 | +| | | Required traffic flow QoS | BEARER RESOURCE ALLOCATION REQUEST
BEARER RESOURCE MODIFICATION REQUEST | M M | TS 24.301 | +| | | PDN type | PDN CONNECTIVITY REQUEST | M M | TS 24.301 | +| | | | | | | +| S3 | GTPv2-C | IMSI | DETACH NOTIFICATION
CS PAGING INDICATON | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | TMSI | CS PAGING INDICATON | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Cause | DETACH NOTIFICATION
DETACH ACKNOWLEDGE | M M | TS 29.274 | +| S3/S10 | GTPv2-C | IMSI | RELOCATION CANCEL REQUEST
IDENTIFICATION RESPONSE
CONTEXT RESPONSE
CONTEXT REQUEST
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | GUTI | CONTEXT REQUEST
IDENTIFICATION REQUEST | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | RAI | IDENTIFICATION REQUEST
CONTEXT REQUEST | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | P-TMSI | IDENTIFICATION REQUEST
CONTEXT REQUEST | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Indication | FORWARD RELOCATION COMPLETE NOTIFICATION
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | BSSGP Cause | FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | RANAP Cause | FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE
FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | eNodeB Cause | FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | RAT Type | CONTEXT REQUEST | M M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Target Identification | FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M M | TS 29.274 | + +| Interface name | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|----------|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | Cause | RELOCATION CANCEL RESPONSE
FORWARD SRNS CONTEXT ACKNOWLEDGE
IDENTIFICATION RESPONSE
CONTEXT ACKNOWLEDGE
CONTEXT RESPONSE
FORWARD RELOCATION COMPLETE ACKNOWLEDGE
FORWARD RELOCATION RESPONSE | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | RAN Cause | FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Selected PLMN ID | FORWARD RELOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| S6a | Diameter | User Name | NOTIFY REQUEST
AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION REQUEST
DELETE SUBSCRIBER DATA REQUEST
INSERT SUBSCRIBER DATA REQUEST
PURGE UE REQUEST
CANCEL LOCATION REQUEST
UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.272 | +| | | Terminal Information | NOTIFY REQUEST
UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.272 | +| | | Result | NOTIFY ANSWER
AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION ANSWER
DELETE SUBSCRIBER DATA ANSWER
INSERT SUBSCRIBER DATA ANSWER
PURGE UE ANSWER
CANCEL LOCATION ANSWER
UPDATE LOCATION ANSWER | M | M | TS 29.272 | +| | | RAT Type | UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.272 | +| | | APN | NOTIFY REQUEST | | | | +| | | Visited PLMN Id | AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION REQUEST
UPDATE LOCATION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.272 | +| | | | | | | | +| S11 | GTPv2-C | IMSI | CREATE SESSION REQUEST
CHANGE NOTIFICATION REQUEST
CHANGE NOTIFICATION RESPONSE
SUSPEND NOTIFICATION
SUSPEND ACKNOWLEDGE
RESUME NOTIFICATION
RESUME ACKNOWLEDGE | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | APN | CREATE SESSION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Indication Flags | MODIFY BEARER REQUEST
DELETE SESSION REQUEST | M | M | TS 29.274 | + +Error: + +60 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface name | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | Notes | +|----------------|-------|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-------------| +| | | EPS Bearer ID | CREATE SESSION RESPONSE
CREATE BEARER RESPONSE
MODIFY BEARER REQUEST
MODIFY BEARER RESPONSE
DELETE BEARER REQUEST
DELETE BEARER RESPONSE
UPDATE USER PLANE RESPONSE
MODIFY BEARER COMMAND
MODIFY BEARER FAILURE INDICATION
UPDATE BEARER RESPONSE
DELETE BEARER FAILURE INDICATION
CREATE INDIRECT DATA FORWARDING TUNNEL RESPONSE
UPDATE BEARER COMPLETE | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | MME-CSID | CREATE SESSION REQUEST
CREATE BEARER RESPONSE
DELETE BEARER RESPONSE | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | SGW-CSID | CREATE SESSION REQUEST
CREATE SESSION RESPONSE
CREATE BEARER REQUEST
CREATE BEARER RESPONSE
DELETE BEARER REQUEST
DELETE BEARER RESPONSE | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | MSISDN | CREATE SESSION REQUEST
MODIFY BEARER RESPONSE | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Level QoS | CREATE SESSION REQUEST
CREATE BEARER REQUEST
MODIFY BEARER REQUEST
MODIFY BEARER RESPONSE
MODIFY BEARER COMMAND
UPDATE BEARER REQUEST | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | RAT Type | CREATE SESSION REQUEST
MODIFY BEARER REQUEST
CHANGE NOTIFICATION REQUEST | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | MEI | CREATE SESSION REQUEST
MODIFY BEARER REQUEST | M | M TS 29.274 | + +| Interface name | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | Notes | +|----------------|-------|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-------------| +| | | Cause | CREATE SESSION RESPONSE
CREATE BEARER RESPONSE
BEARER RESOURCE FAILURE INDICATION
MODIFY BEARER RESPONSE
DELETE SESSION RESPONSE
DELETE BEARER RESPONSE
DOWNLINK DATA NOTIFICATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
DOWNLINK DATA NOTIFICATION INDICATION
UPDATE USER PLANE RESPONSE
MODIFY BEARER FAILURE INDICATION
UPDATE BEARER RESPONSE
DELETE BEARER FAILURE INDICATION
CREATE INDIRECT DATA FORWARDING TUNNEL RESPONSE
UPDATE BEARER COMPLETE
CHANGE NOTIFICATION RESPONSE
CREATE FORWARDING TUNNEL RESPONSE | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | PGW-CSID | CREATE BEARER REQUEST
DELETE BEARER REQUEST | M | M TS 29.274 | +| | | E-RAB ID | All messages where it is present | M | M TS 36.413 | +| | | E-RAB Level QoS Parameters | E-RAB SETUP REQUEST
E-RAB MODIFY REQUEST
INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST | M | M TS 36.413 | +| | | Cause | INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP FAILURE
UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST
UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND
UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION FAILURE
HANDOVER REQUIRED
HANDOVER PREPARATION FAILURE
HANDOVER REQUEST
HANDOVER FAILURE
HANDOVER CANCEL
PATH SWITCH REQUEST FAILURE
NAS NON DELIVERY INDICATION | M | M TS 36.413 | +| | | Handover Type | HANDOVER REQUIRED
HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER REQUEST | M | M TS 36.413 | +| | | E-UTRAN CGI | HANDOVER NOTIFY
PATH SWITCH REQUEST
INITIAL UE MESSAGE
UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT | M | M TS 36.413 | +| | | TAI | HANDOVER NOTIFY
PATH SWITCH REQUEST
UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT
PAGING | M | M TS 36.413 | +| | | Target ID | HANDOVER REQUIRED | M | M TS 36.413 | +| | | CDMA2000 HO Status | DOWNLINK S1 CDMA2000 TUNNELING | M | M TS 36.413 | +| | | CDMA2000 RAT Type | DOWNLINK S1 CDMA2000 TUNNELING
UPLINK S1 CDMA2000 TUNNELING | M | M TS 36.413 | +| | | CDMA2000 Sector ID | UPLINK S1 CDMA2000 TUNNELING | M | M TS 36.413 | +| S1 | S1AP | | | | | + +| Interface name | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | Notes | +|----------------|----------|---------------------------------|------------------------------|-------------|-----------| +| | | CDMA2000 HO Required Indication | UPLINK S1 CDMA2000 TUNNELING | M M | TS 36.413 | +| S13 | Diameter | Terminal Information | ME Identity Check Request | M M | TS 29.272 | +| | | Result | ME Identity Check Answer | M M | TS 29.272 | + +## 4.13 E-UTRAN Trace Record Content + +For eNB, the Maximum level of detail shall be supported. + +**Table 4.13.1 : E-UTRAN Trace Record Content** + +| Interface (specific messages) | Format | Level of details | | | Description | +|------------------------------------------|---------|------------------|-----|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Min | Med | Max | | +| RRC (without rrc dedicated measurements) | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | Global eNBID of traced eNB | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from RRC messages between the traced eNB and the UE. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.13.2. is provided. | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | Raw Uu Messages: RRC messages between the traced eNB and the UE. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| S1 | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | Global eNBID of traced eNB
MME ID of the connected MME | +| | | M | M | X | E-RabId + Dedicated IE extracted from S1AP messages between the traced eNB and Core Network. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.13.2. is provided. | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | Raw S1 Messages S1AP: messages between the traced eNB and Core Network The encoded content of the message is provided | +| X2 | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | Global eNBID of traced eNB
Global eNBID of neighbouring eNB | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from X2AP messages between the traced eNB and the neighbouring eNB. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.13.2. is provided | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | Raw X2 Messages:X2AP messages between the traced eNB and the neighbouring eNB. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| RRC (only dedicated measurements) | Decoded | X | M | X | Uu IEs from RRC measurement reports messages | +| | ASN.1 | X | X | M | RRC measurement reports messages | + +NOTE: For the security keys in IEs or part of IEs that are containing security keys used by the eNB (e.g. $K_{eNB}$ ), the value 0 shall be written in the trace file. + +### Definitions: + +Global eNBID of traced eNB: The id of the eNB traced, e.g. the eNB which handles the connection of the traced MS, during the Trace Recording Session. The id corresponds to the “Global eNB ID”, as defined in [16] and [17]. + +Global eNBID of neighbouring eNB: The ids of all Neighbouring eNB involved in the X2 procedures during the Trace Recording Session. The id corresponds to the “Global eNB ID”, as defined in [16] and [17]. + +cell Id: The cell Ids of the cells involved in the X2 procedures during the Trace Recording Session. The cell Ids is provided with each X2AP messages for which the cId is relevant. + +E-RABId: Specific recorded IE that contains the E-RAB identifier. + +Message name: Name of the protocol message + +Record extensions: A set of manufacturer specific extensions to the record + +Decoded: Some IEs shall be decoded (cf. detailed list in table 4.6.2. depending on trace depth) + +ASN.1: Messages in encoded format + +Error: + +64 + +Error: Reference source not + +**Table 4.13.2 : trace record description for minimum and medium trace depth** + +Error: + +65 + +Error: Reference source not + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|-----------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| Uu | RRC | Cs fallback indicator | MOBILITY FROM EUTRA COMMAND | M | M | TS 36.331 | +| | | CN domain | PAGING | O | O | TS 36.331 | +| | | S-TMSI | PAGING | O | O | TS 36.331 | +| | | ReestablishmentCause | RRc CONNECTION REESTABLISHMENT REQUEST | M | M | TS 36.331 | +| | | Wait time | RRc CONNECTION REJECT | CM | M | TS 36.331 | +| | | Release Cause | RRc CONNECTION RELEASE | M | M | TS 36.331 | +| | | Redirection Information | RRc CONNECTION RELEASE | M | M | TS 36.331 | +| | | Establishment Cause | RRc CONNECTION REQUEST | CM | CM | TS 36.331 | +| | | Selected PLMN-Identity | RRc CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE | CM | CM | TS 36.331 | +| | | RegisteredMME | RRc CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE | CM | CM | TS 36.331 | +| | | Rat-Type | UE CAPABILITY INFORMATION | M | M | TS 36.331 | +| | | Measured Results | MEASUREMENT REPORT | X | M | TS 36.331 | +| | | CDMA2000-Type | HANDOVER FROM EUTRA PREPARATION REQUEST
UL HANDOVER PREPARATION TRANSFER
UL INFORMATION TRANSFER | M | M | TS 36.331 | +| | | Target RAT Type | MOBILITY FROM EUTRA COMMAND | M | M | TS 36.331 | +| | | ConnEstFailReport-r11 | UE INFORMATION RESPONSE | X | M | TS 36.331 | +| | | RLF-Report-r9 | UE INFORMATION RESPONSE | X | M | TS 36.331 | +| S1 | S1AP | E-RAB ID | All messages where it is present | M | M | TS 36.413 | +| | | E-RAB Level QoS Parameters | E-RAB SETUP REQUEST
E-RAB MODIFY REQUEST
INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST | M | M | TS 36.413 | +| | | Cause | INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP FAILURE
UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST
UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND
UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION FAILURE
HANDOVER REQUIRED
HANDOVER PREPARATION FAILURE
HANDOVER REQUEST
HANDOVER FAILURE
HANDOVER CANCEL
PATH SWITCH REQUEST FAILURE
NAS NON DELIVERY INDICATION | M | M | TS 36.413 | + +| Interface | Prot. | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|-----------|-------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----|-----------| +| | | | | M | M | | +| | | Handover Type | HANDOVER REQUIRED
HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER REQUEST | M | M | TS 36.413 | +| | | E-UTRAN CGI | HANDOVER NOTIFY
PATH SWITCH REQUEST
INITIAL UE MESSAGE
UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT | CM | CM | TS 36.413 | +| | | TAI | HANDOVER NOTIFY
PATH SWITCH REQUEST
UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT | M | M | TS 36.413 | +| | | Target ID | HANDOVER REQUIRED | M | M | TS 36.413 | +| | | CDMA2000 HO Status | DOWNLINK S1 CDMA2000 TUNNELING | M | M | TS 36.413 | +| | | CDMA2000 RAT Type | DOWNLINK S1 CDMA2000 TUNNELING
UPLINK S1 CDMA2000 TUNNELING | M | M | TS 36.413 | +| | | CDMA2000 Sector ID | UPLINK S1 CDMA2000 TUNNELING | M | M | TS 36.413 | +| | | CDMA2000 HO Required Indication | UPLINK S1 CDMA2000 TUNNELING | M | M | TS 36.413 | +| X2 | X2AP | E-RAB id | All messages where it is present | M | M | TS 36.423 | +| | | E-RAB Level QoS | HANDOVER REQUEST | M | M | TS 36.423 | +| | | Cause | HANDOVER REQUEST
HANDOVER PREPARATION FAILURE
HANDOVER CANCEL | M | M | TS 36.423 | +| | | Target Cell ID | HANDOVER REQUEST | M | M | TS 36.423 | +| | | GUMMEI | HANDOVER REQUEST | M | M | TS 36.423 | +| | | UE History Information | HANDOVER REQUEST | M | M | TS 36.423 | +| | | UE RLF Report Container | RLF INDICATION | X | M | TS 36.423 | + +### Constraints: + +The condition for capturing the following Information Element is that Cell Traffic Trace is used: + +- Wait time from RRC protocol +- Establishment Cause from RRC protocol +- Selected PLMN-Identity from RRC protocol +- RegisteredMME from RRC protocol + +**Error:** + +**67** + +**Error: Reference source not** + +- E-UTRAN CGI from S1 interface from the following messages: Initial UE message, Handover Notify + +## 4.14 SGW Trace Record Content + +The following table shows the trace record content for SGW. + +The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +SGW shall support at least one of the following trace depth levels – Maximum, Medium or Minimum. + +**Table 4.14.1 : SGW Trace Record Content** + +| Interface (specific messages) | Format | Level of details | | | Description | +|-------------------------------|----------|------------------|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Min | Med | Max | | +| S11 | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | MME ID of the connected MME
SGW ID of the traced SGW | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from S11 messages between the traced MME and the SGW. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.14.2. is provided | +| | Encoded* | X | X | M | Raw S11 messages between the traced MME and the SGW. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| S5/S8 | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | PGW ID of the connected PGW
SGW of the traced SGW | +| | | M | M | X | IE extracted from S5/S8 messages between the traced SGW and PGW. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.14.2. is provided. | +| | Encoded* | X | X | M | Raw S5/S8 Messages: messages between the traced SGW and PGW. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| S4 | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | SGSNID of the connected SGSN
SGWID of the traced SGW | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from S4 messages between the traced SGW and the SGSN. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.14.2. is provided | +| | Encoded* | X | X | M | Raw S4 messages between the traced PGW and the AAA. The encoded content of the message is provided | +| Gxc | Decoded | M | M | O | Message name | +| | | O | O | O | Record extensions | +| | | M | M | X | PCRF ID of the connected PCRF
SGW ID of the traced SGW | +| | | M | M | X | Dedicated IE extracted from Gx messages between the traced SGW and another PCRF. A subset of IEs as given in the table 4.14.2. is provided | +| | Encoded* | X | X | M | Raw Gx messages between the traced SGW and another PCRF. The encoded content of the message is provided | + +Encoded\* - the messages are left encoded in the format it was received. + +**Table 4.14.2 : SGW trace record description for minimum and medium trace depth** + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|-------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|--------------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| S11 | GTPv2C | IMSI | Create Session Request
Suspend Notification
Suspend Acknowledge
Resume Notification
Resume Acknowledge | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | MSISDN | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | RAT type | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Serving Network | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Access Point Name (APN) | Create Session Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | PDN Type | Create Session Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts | Create Session Request
Create Bearer Request
Create Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Request
Delete Bearer Response
Modify Bearer Command
Modify Bearer Failure Indication
Update Bearer Request
Update Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Command
Delete Bearer Failure Indication
Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Request
Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Response
Update Bearer Complete | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Cause | Create Session Response
Create Bearer Response
Bearer Resource Failure Indication
Modify Bearer Response
Delete Session Response
Downlink Data Notification
Acknowledgement
Downlink Data Notification Failure Indication
Modify Bearer Failure Indication
Update Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Failure Indication
Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Response
Update Bearer Complete | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts created | Create Session Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | APN Restriction | Create Session Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Linked Bearer Identity (LBI) | Create Bearer Request
Bearer Resource Command
Delete Session Request
Delete Bearer Request
Delete Bearer Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Traffic Aggregate Description (TAD) | Bearer Resource Command | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Linked EPS Bearer ID | Bearer Resource Command | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts to be removed | Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts modified | Modify Bearer Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts marked for removal | Modify Bearer Response
Update User Plane Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | + +| | | | | Trace depth | | | +|----|--------|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|-----------| +| | | Bearer Contexts to be updated | Update User Plane Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts to be removed | Update User Plane Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts updated | Update User Plane Response | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts to be modified | Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Traffic Aggregate Description (TAD) | Bearer Resource Command | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Linked Bearer Identity (LBI) | Bearer Resource Command
Create Bearer Request
Delete Bearer Response | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Linked EPS Bearer ID | Bearer Resource Failure Indication
Delete Session Request
Delete Bearer Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Cause | Bearer Resource Failure Indication
Create Session Response
Create Bearer Response
Modify Bearer Response
Delete Session Response
Delete Bearer Response
Downlink Data Notification
Acknowledgement
Downlink Data Notification Failure Indication
Update Bearer Response
Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Response
Update Bearer Complete | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts to be modified | Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts to be removed | Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | IMSI | Create Session Request
Update Bearer Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | MSISDN | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Response | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Serving Network | Create Session Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Access Point Name (APN) | Create Session Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | PDN Type | Create Session Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts | Create Session Request
Create Bearer Request
Create Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Request
Delete Bearer Response
Update Bearer Request
Update Bearer Response
Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Request
Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Response
Update Bearer Complete | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | RAT Type | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts created | Create Session Response | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts marked for removal | Create Session Response | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts modified | Modify Bearer Response | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts marked for removal | Modify Bearer Response | M | M | TS 29.274 | +| S4 | GTPv2C | | | | | | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|---|--------------| +| | | | | M | M | | +| S5/S8 | GTPv2C | IMSI | Create Session Request
Update Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | MSISDN | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Serving Network | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Access Point Name (APN) | Create Session Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | PDN Type | Create Session Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts | Create Session Request
Create Bearer Request
Create Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Request
Delete Bearer Response
Modify Bearer Command
Modify Bearer Failure Indication
Update Bearer Request
Update Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Command
Delete Bearer Failure Indication | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Cause | Create Session Response
Create Bearer Response
Bearer Resource Failure Indication
Modify Bearer Response
Delete Session Response
Delete Bearer Response
Modify Bearer Failure Indication
Update Bearer Response
Delete Bearer Failure Indication | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts created | Create Session Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts marked for removal | Create Session Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | APN Restriction | Create Session Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Linked Bearer Identity (LBI) | Create Bearer Request
Bearer Resource Command
Delete Bearer Response | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Traffic Aggregate Description (TAD) | Bearer Resource Command | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Linked EPS Bearer ID | Bearer Resource Failure Indication
Delete Session Request
Delete Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | RAT Type | Create Session Request
Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts to be modified | Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts to be removed | Modify Bearer Request | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts modified | | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| | | Bearer Contexts marked for removal | | M | M | TS
29.274 | +| Gxc | Diameter | IP-CAN-Type | CCR | M | M | TS
29.212 | +| | | RAT-Type | CCR | M | M | TS
29.212 | +| | | QoS-Information | CCR
CCA
RAR | M | M | TS
29.212 | +| | | QoS-Negotiation | CCR | M | M | TS
29.212 | +| | | QoS-Rule-Report | CCR
RAA | M | M | TS
29.212 | + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|------------------------|--------------------------|-------------|-----|-----------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| | | Default-EPS-Bearer-QoS | CCR
CCA
RAR | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | Supported-Features | CCR
CCA
RAR
RAA | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | Event-Trigger | CCR
CCA
RAR | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | Result Code | RAA | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | Origin-Realm | CCR
CCA
RAR
RAA | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | QoS-Rule-Remove | RAR
CAA | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | QoS-Rule-Install | RAR
CAA | M | M | TS 29.212 | +| | | Destination-Realm | CCR
RAR | M | M | TS 29.212 | + +## 4.15 EIR Trace Record Content + +The following table contains the Trace record description for the minimum and medium trace depth for MAP(F), S13, S13', MAP(Gf) interfaces in the EIR. + +The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +| Interface name | Prot. name | IE name | Message name(s) | Trace depth | | Notes | +|----------------|------------|----------------------|--------------------------------|-------------|-----|------------------------| +| | | | | Min | Med | | +| F | MAP | IMEI(SV) | MAP_CHECK_IMEI | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | Equipment status | MAP_CHECK_IMEI | M | M | TS 29.002
TS 23.018 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| S13/S13' | Diameter | Terminal Information | ME Identity Check Request | M | M | TS 29.272 | +| | | Result | ME Identity Check Answer | M | M | TS 29.272 | +| Gf | MAP | IMEI(SV) | MAP_CHECK_IMEI | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Equipment status | MAP_CHECK_IMEI | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | User error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | +| | | Provider error | Every message where it appears | M | M | TS 29.002 | + +## 4.16 LTE MDT Trace Record Content + +### 4.16.1 Trace Record for Immediate MDT measurements + +The following table contains the Trace record description for LTE immediate MDT measurements. The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +| MDT measurement name | Measurement attribute name(s) | Measurement attribute definition | Notes | +|----------------------|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------| +| M1 | RSRPs | List of RSRP values received in RRC measurement report. One value per measured cell. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | RSRQs | List of RSRQ values received in RRC measurement report. One value per measured cell. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | PCIs | List of Physical Cell Identity of measured cells. The order of PCI values in the list should be the same as the corresponding measured values in the RSRPs and RSRQs attributes. | TS 36.331 | +| | Triggering event | Event that triggered the M1 measurement report, used only in case of RRM configured measurements (events A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, B1 or B2) | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| M2 | PH distr | Distribution of the power headroom samples reported by the UE during the collection period. The distribution is the interval of [40; -23] dB. | TS 36.213
TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| M3 | RIP distr | Distribution of the measured Received Interference Power samples obtained during the collection period. The distribution is in the interval of [-126, -75] dBm. | TS 36.133
TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| M4 | UL volumes | List of measured UL volumes in bytes per E-RAB. One value per E-RAB. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | DL volumes | List of measured DL volumes in bytes per E-RAB. One value per E-RAB. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | QCIs | List of QCIs of the E-RABs for which the volume and throughput measurements apply. The order of QCI values in the list should be the same as the corresponding measured values in the UL volumes and DL volumes attributes. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| M5 | UL Thp Time | Throughput time used for calculation of the uplink throughput (per UE). | TS 36.314
TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | UL Thp Volume | Throughput volume used for calculation of the uplink throughput (per UE). | TS 36.314
TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | UL LastTTI Volume | Volume transmitted in the last TTI and excluded from throughput calculation in the uplink. | TS 36.314
TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | DL Thp Times | List of throughput times used for calculation of the downlink throughput (per E-RAB). One value per E-RAB. | TS 36.314
TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | DL Thp Volumes | List of Throughput volumes used for calculation of the downlink throughput (per E-RAB). One value per E-RAB. | TS 36.314
TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | QCIs | List of QCIs of the E-RABs for which the volume and throughput measurements apply. The order of QCI values in the list should be the same as the corresponding measured values in the DL Thp Volumes and DL Thp Times attributes. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | DL Thp Time UE | Throughput time used for calculation of the downlink throughput (per UE). | TS 36.314
TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | DL Thp Volume UE | Throughput volume used for calculation of the downlink throughput (per UE). | TS 36.314
TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | DL LastTTI Volume | Volume transmitted in the last TTI and excluded from the throughput calculation in the downlink (per UE). | TS 36.314
TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | + +### 4.16.2 Trace Record for UE location information + +The following table contains the Trace record description for LTE UE location information. The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +| MDT measurement name | Measurement attribute name(s) | Measurement attribute definition | Notes | +|----------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------| +| UE location | GNSS pos | GNSS based coordinates, including (latitude, longitude), as reported by the UE. The IE can be any of ellipsoidPoint , ellipsoidPointWithUncertaintyCircle , ellipsoidPointWithUncertaintyEllipse , ellipsoidPointWithAltitude , ellipsoidPointWithAltitudeAndUncertaintyEllipsoid , ellipsoidArc , polygon depending on the IE present in the RRC message. | TS 36.331 | +| | UE rx-tx | The UE reported UE rx-tx time difference measurement. The attribute is used to record E-CID positioning measurements, if available. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320
TS 36.331 | +| | eNB rx-tx | The eNB measured eNB rx-tx time difference. The attribute is used to record E-CID positioning measurements, if available. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320
TS 36.214 | +| | AoA | The eNB measured angle of arrival measurement. The attribute is used to record E-CID positioning measurements, if available. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320
TS 36.214 | + +## 4.17 UMTS MDT Trace Record Content + +### 4.17.1 Trace Record for Immediate MDT measurements + +The following table contains the Trace record description for UMTS immediate MDT measurements. The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +| MDT measurement name | Measurement attribute name(s) | Measurement attribute definition | Notes | +|----------------------|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------| +| M1 | RSCPs | List of RSCP values received in RRC measurement report. One value per measured cell. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | Ec/Nos | List of Ec/No values received in RRC measurement report. One value per measured cell. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | SCs | List of Scrambling Codes of measured cells. The order of SC values in the list should be the same as the corresponding measured values in the RSCPs and Ec/Nos attributes. | TS 25.331 | +| M2 | RSCPs | List of RSCP values received in RRC measurement report. One value per measured cell. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | ISCPs | List of ISCP values received in RRC measurement report. One value per measured cell. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | SCs | List of Scrambling Codes of measured cells. The order of SC values in the list should be the same as the corresponding measured values in the RSCPs and ISCPs attributes. | TS 25.331 | +| M3 | SIR | Distribution of the SIR samples measured by the network during the collection period. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | SIR error | Distribution of the SIRerror samples measured by the network during the collection period. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| M4 | EDCH PH distr | Distribution of the power headroom samples reported by the UE according to RRM configuration during the collection period. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| M5 | RTWP distr | Distribution of the measured Total Wideband Power samples obtained during the collection period. The distribution is in the interval of [-112, -50] dBm. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| M6 | UL volumes | List of measured UL volumes in bytes per RAB. One value per RAB. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | DL volumes | List of measured DL volumes in bytes per RAB. One value per RAB. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | Traffic classes | List of Traffic class parameters (conversational, streaming, interactive, background) of the RABs for which the volume and throughput measurements apply. The order of Traffic class values in the list should be the same as the corresponding measured values in the UL volumes and DL volumes attributes. | TS 25.331 | +| M7 | UL Thps | List of measured UL throughputs in bytes/sec per RAB. One value per RAB. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | DL Thps | List of measured DL throughputs in bytes/sec per RAB. One value per RAB. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | Traffic classes | List of Traffic class parameters (conversational, streaming, interactive, background) of the RABs for which the volume and throughput measurements apply. The order of Traffic class values in the list should be the same as the corresponding measured values in the UL Thps and DL Thps attributes. | TS 23.107 | +| | UL Thp UE | Measured UL throughput in bytes/sec per UE. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | +| | DL Thp UE | Measured DL throughput in bytes/sec per UE. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | + +### 4.17.2 Trace Record for UE location information + +The following table contains the Trace record description for UMTS UE location information. The trace record is the same for management based activation and for signalling based activation. + +| MDT measurement name | Measurement attribute name(s) | Measurement attribute definition | Notes | +|----------------------|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------| +| UE location | GNSS pos | GNSS based coordinates, including (latitude, longitude) as reported by the UE. | TS 32.422
TS 37.320 | + +# --- Annex A (normative): Trace Report File Format + +This annex describes the format of trace or MDT result files. Those files are to be transferred from the network (NEs or EM) to the NM. + +The following conditions have been considered for the definition of this file format: + +- The trace data volume and trace duration is not predictable. Depending on the data retrieval and storage mechanisms, several consecutive trace result files could be generated for a single traced call. The file naming convention shall allow rebuilding the temporal file sequences. +- Since the files are transferred via a machine-machine interface, the files should be machine-readable using standard tools. +- The file format should be independent from the data transfer protocol used to carry the file from one system to another. +- The file format should be generic across UMTS and EPS systems. +- The file format should be flexible enough to support further trace data types and decoded IEs, as well as vendor specific trace data. + +## A.1 Parameter description and mapping table + +The following table describes the XML trace file parameters. + +**Table : XML trace file parameters** + +| XML element / XML attribute specification | Description | +|-------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| traceCollecFile | This is the top-level element. It identifies the file as a collection of trace or MDT data. This element includes:
  • - a file header (element "fileHeader")
  • - the collection of trace data items (elements "traceRecSession").
| +| fileHeader | This is the trace file header element. This element includes:
  • - a version indicator (attribute specification "fileFormatVersion")
  • - the vendor name of the sending network node (attribute specification "vendorName")
  • - the name of the sending network node (attribute specification "fileSender elementDn")
  • - the type of the sending network node (attribute specification "fileSender elementType")
  • - a time stamp (attribute specification "traceCollec beginTime").
| +| fileHeader fileFormatVersion | This attribute specification identifies the file format version applied by the sender. The format version defined in the present document shall be the abridged number and version of this 3GPP document (see below).
The abridged number and version of a 3GPP document is constructed from its version specific full reference "3GPP [...] (yyyy-mm)" by:
  • - removing the leading "3GPP TS"
  • - removing everything including and after the version third digit, representing editorial only changes, together with its preceding dot character
  • - from the resulting string, removing leading and trailing white space, replacing every multi character white space by a single space character and changing the case of all characters to uppercase.
| +| fileHeader vendorName | Optional attribute specification that has the following value part: vendor of the equipment that provided the trace file. | +| fileSender elementDn | Optional attribute specification that uniquely identifies the NE or EM that assembled this trace file, according to the definitions in 3GPP TS 32.300 [11]. | +| fileSender elementType | Optional attribute specification that identifies type of the network node that generated the file. For MDT case, this attribute only has the type of "RNC" or "eNodeB". | +| traceCollec beginTime | This attribute specification contains a timestamp that refers to the start of the first trace data that is stored in this file. It is a complete timestamp including day, time and delta UTC hour. E.g. "2001-09-11T09:30:47-05:00". | +| traceRecSession | Optional element that contains the traced data associated to a Trace Recording Session. It includes:
  • - the DN prefix (attribute specification "dnPrefix")
  • - the trace session identifier (element specification "traceSessionRef")
  • - the trace recording session identifier (attribute specification "traceRecSessionRef")
  • - the start time of the call (attribute specification "stime")
  • - the ue identifier (element "ue")
  • - the traced messages (elements "msg") for trace or the UE measurements (elements "meas") for MDT
| +| traceRecSession dnPrefix | Optional attribute specification that provides the DN prefix (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [11]). | +| traceSessionRef | This element provides a unique trace session identifier as described in 3GPP TS 32.421 [2]. Trace Reference is composed of MCC digits, MNC digits, and Trace ID where:
  • - MCC is in BCD format, 3 digits in length (element specification "MCC")
  • - MNC is in BCD format, 1 to 3 digits in length, with no filler digit for MNCs less than 3 digits (element specification "MNC")
  • - Trace ID is in hexadecimal format, 6 digits in length, hex letters (A through F) are capitalized(element specification "TRACE_ID").
| +| traceRecSession traceRecSessionRef | Attribute specification that provides a unique trace recording session identifier as described in 3GPP TS 32.421 [2] and 3GPP TS 32.422 [3]. Trace Recording Session Reference is represented in hexadecimal format. No filler digits for hex numbers of less than four digits. All hex letters (A thru F) are capitalized. | +| traceRecSession stime | Optional attribute specification that provides the start time of the call. | +| ue | This element gives the ue identifier provided in trace activation messages. It includes:
  • - the ue identifier type (attribute specification "idType")
  • - the ue identifier value (attribute specification "idValue")
This element shall not be present in the Trace record of E-UTRAN. | +| ue idType | Attribute specification that provides the ue identifier type (IMSI, IMEI (SV), TAC, or Public User Identity). For management based MDT, IMSI or IMEI(SV) can not be selected as ue idType . | +| ue idValue | Attribute specification that provides the ue identifier value, represented in decimal. This attribute is optional for management based MDT. | + +| XML element / XML attribute specification | Description | +|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| msg |

This element contains the information associated to a traced message. This element will not be included if the file is from the MME for retrieving the IMSI/IMEI (SV) information. It includes:

  • - the function name associated to the traced message (attribute specification "function")
  • - the time difference with attribute specification "traceCollec beginTime" (attribute specification "changeTime")
  • - a boolean value that indicates if the message is vendor specific (attribute specification "vendorSpecific")
  • - the protocol message name (attribute specification "name")
  • - the NE initiator of the protocol message (element "initiator")
  • - the NE target(s) of the protocol message (element "target")
  • - the encoded protocol message (element "rawMsg")
  • - the traced IEs, either simple (elements "ie") or complex (elements "ieGroup"), in any order

This element is trace specific and not used for MDT.

| +| msg function | Attribute specification that provides the function name associated to the traced message (e.g. luu, lu CS, lub, Intra frequency measurement, Gb, ...). This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| msg changeTime | Attribute specification that provides the time difference with attribute specification "traceCollec beginTime". It is expressed in number of seconds and milliseconds (nbsec.ms). This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| msg vendorSpecific | Attribute specification whose value part is a boolean value that indicates if the message is vendor specific (true) or not (false). This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| msg name | Attribute specification that provides the protocol message name. This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| initiator |

Optional element that identifies the NE initiator of the protocol message. Each includes:

  • - the type of the network node that initiate the message (attribute specification "type")
  • - the LDN of NE initiator of the protocol message (element's content). The element's content may be empty in case the initiator is the sender or the mobile

This element is trace specific and not used for MDT.

| +| initiator type | Optional attribute specification that provides the type of the network node that initiate the message, e.g. "RNC", "SGSN". This element is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| target |

Optional element that identifies the NE target(s) of the protocol message. It includes:

  • - the type of the network node that receive the message (attribute specification "type")
  • - the LDN or IP Address of NE target of the protocol message (element's content). The element's content may be empty in case the target is the sender or the mobile

This element is trace specific and not used for MDT.

| +| target type | Optional attribute specification that provides the type of the network node that receive the message, e.g. "RNC", "SGSN". This element is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| NumOfTargets | Optional attribute specification that provides the number of targets that the message is sent to. This is populated ONLY if the Target is not explicitly specified and is useful when there are a large number of targets that the message is sent to. This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| rawMsg |

Optional element that contains the encoded protocol message. It includes:

  • - the protocol name associated to the event (attribute specification "protocol")
  • - the protocol version (attribute specification "version")
  • - the hexadecimal encoded form of the message (element's content)

This element is available only if the trace depth is maximum. This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT.

| +| rawMsg protocol | Attribute specification that provides the protocol name associated to the event (e.g. "Ranap"). This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| rawMsg version | Attribute specification that provides the protocol version. This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| ieGroup |

Optional element that contains a complex traced IE, i.e. an IE that contains other traced IEs. It includes:

  • - the IE group name (attribute specification "name")
  • - the IE group value (attribute specification "value")
  • - zero or more traced IEs, either simple (elements "ie") or complex (elements "ieGroup"), in any order

This element is available only if the trace depth is medium or minimum. This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT.

| +| ieGroup name | Optional attribute specification that provides the IE group name (e.g. "RAB parameters"). | +| ieGroup value | Optional attribute specification that provides the IE group value when it exists (e.g. "RAB identifier"). This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| ie |

Optional element that contains a simple traced IE, i.e. an IE decoded from the traced message. It includes:

  • - the IE name (attribute specification "name")
  • - the IE value (element's content)

This element is available only if the trace depth is medium or minimum. This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT.

| +| ie name | Attribute specification that provides the IE name (e.g. "Minimum DL Power"). This attribute is trace specific and not used for MDT. | +| meas |

This element contains the information associated to a UE measurement in MDT task. It includes:

  • - the measurement name (attribute specification "meas name")
  • - the measurement value (element's content)

This element is MDT specific and not used for trace.

| + +| XML element / XML attribute specification | Description | +|-------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| meas name | Attribute specification that provides the IE name. The IEs are specified in the Trace Record for Immediate MDT measurements table. This attribute is MDT specific and not used for trace. | +| meas changeTime | Attribute specification that provides the time difference with attribute specification "traceCollec beginTime". It is expressed in number of seconds and milliseconds (nbsec.ms). This attribute is MDT specific and not used for trace. | +| meas vendorSpecific | Attribute specification whose value part is a boolean value that indicates if the measurement is vendor specific (true) or not (false). The vendor specific measurements are taken at eNB or RNC. This attribute is MDT specific and not used for trace. | +| target cell | Attribute identifies the serving cell that the UE measurement is taken. This attribute is MDT specific and not used for trace. | +| UE location | Optional attribute that identifies the UE location information when the measurement is taken. The IEs are specified in the Trace Record for UE location information table. This attribute is MDT specific and not used for trace. | + +## A.2 XML file format definition + +For encoding of the information content, XML (see Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0, W3C Recommendation [5] , [6], [7], [8] and [9]) will be used. The XML schema contains the mark-up declarations that provide a grammar for the trace file format. The XML schema is defined below. + +### A.2.1 XML trace/MDT file diagram + +The following figure describes the XML element structure of a trace/MDT XML file. + +![XML trace/MDT file diagram showing the hierarchical structure of elements like td:traceCollectFile, td:fileHeader, td:traceRecSession, td:fileSender, td:traceCollec, td:ue, td:msg, td:meas, td:traceSessionRef, td:ie, td:ieGroup, and td:TraceReference.](78de09c382ab51b5c3e87979204228c8_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML element structure of a trace/MDT file. It starts with **td:traceCollectFile** pointing to **td:fileHeader**. **td:fileHeader** has an **attributes** box and points to **td:fileSender** and **td:traceCollec**, both of which have their own **attributes** boxes. **td:traceRecSession** (with a **0..∞** multiplicity) has an **attributes** box and points to **td:ue**, **td:msg** (with a **0..∞** multiplicity), **td:meas** (with a **0..∞** multiplicity), and **td:traceSessionRef**. **td:ue**, **td:msg**, and **td:meas** all have **attributes** boxes. **td:msg** points to **td:initiator**, **td:target**, and **td:rawMsg**, which all have **attributes** boxes. **td:rawMsg** points to **td:ie** (with a **0..∞** multiplicity) and **td:ieGroup** (with a **0..∞** multiplicity). **td:ie** and **td:ieGroup** both have **attributes** boxes. **td:traceSessionRef** points to a **td:TraceReference** box containing **td:MCC**, **td:MNC**, and **td:TRACE\_ID**. Various symbols like arrows and circles are used to indicate relationships and multiplicities. + +XML trace/MDT file diagram showing the hierarchical structure of elements like td:traceCollectFile, td:fileHeader, td:traceRecSession, td:fileSender, td:traceCollec, td:ue, td:msg, td:meas, td:traceSessionRef, td:ie, td:ieGroup, and td:TraceReference. + +Note: Refer to "Symbol" paragraph for the symbols meaning + +**Figure : XML trace/MDT file diagram** + +NOTE: In case a trace only recording session, the elements/attributes (such as "meas") which are specific to MDT but not used for trace should be excluded from the file; In case a MDT only recording session, the elements/attributes (such as "msg") which are specific to trace but not used for MDT should be excluded from the file; In case of a combined trace and MDT recording session, all the elements/attributes are included in the file. + +### A.2.2 Trace data file XML schema + +The following XML schema `traceData.xsd` is the schema for trace or MDT data XML files: + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): Trace Report File Conventions and Transfer Procedure + +This annex describes naming conventions of files containing trace results and the procedure to transfer these files from the network to the NM. + +--- + +## B.1 File naming convention + +The following convention shall be applied for trace result file naming: + +.-..[].[] + +- 1) The Type field indicates if the file contains trace data for single or multiple calls, where: + - "A" means single Trace Recording Session, single sender NE + - "B" means multiple Trace Recording Sessions, single sender NE + - "C" means IMSI/IMEI (SV) information for cell traffic trace or IMEI-TAC if area based MDT trace is involved (3GPP TS 32.422 [3] clause 4.4) +- 2) The Startdate field indicates the date of the first record in the trace file. The Startdate field is of the form YYYYMMDD, where: + - YYYY is the year in four-digit notation; + - MM is the month in two digit notation (01 - 12); + - DD is the day in two digit notation (01 - 31). +- 3) The Starttime field indicates the time of the first record in the trace file. The Starttime field is of the form HHMMshmm, where: + - HH is the two digit hour of the day (local time), based on 24 hour clock (00 - 23); + - MM is the two digit minute of the hour (local time), + - s is the sign of the local time differential from UTC (+ or -), in case the time differential to UTC is 0 then the sign may be arbitrarily set to "+" or "-"; + - hh is the two digit number of hours of the local time differential from UTC (00-23); + - mm is the two digit number of minutes of the local time differential from UTC (00-59). +- 4) SenderType field is the type of NE defined by IOC attribute managedElementType in 3GPP TS 32.622 [12] that recorded and sent the trace file; SenderName field is the identifier of the NE that recorded and sent the trace file. +- 5) TraceRecordingSessionReference field is set only if the type field is A, and is represented in hexa-decimal format. TraceRecordingSessionReference is a 4 digit hexadecimal number and will not include filler digits for values less than 4 digits in length. All hexadecimal letters (A thru F) are capitalized. +- 6) TraceReference field is set if the type field is A. For type B the Trace Reference is optional and will be used when one trace file is created per trace session with multiple trace recording session. Trace Reference is represented in hexadecimal format. Trace Reference as defined in 3GPP TS 32.422 [3] is composed of PLMN ID (MCC, MNC) and Trace ID. The PLMN identity consists of 3 digits for MCC followed by either - a filler digit plus 2 digits from MNC (in case of 2 digit MNC) or 3 digits from MNC (in case of a 3 digit MNC). MCC and MNC are in BCD format. + +Example: If MCC: 405, MNC: 139 + +octet 1: 0x04 (MCC digit 2, MCC digit 1) + +octet 2: 0x15 (MNC digit 1, MCC digit 3) + +octet 3: 0x93 (MNC digit 3, MNC digit 2) + +Also if the MNC is 2 digits (MCC: 405 and MNC 39) + +octet 1: 0x04 (MCC digit 2, MCC digit 1) + +octet 2: 0xF5 (MNC digit 1, MCC digit 3) + +octet 3: 0x93 (MNC digit 3, MCC digit 2) + +- 7) Trace Reference is set if the type field is C. + +See bullet 6 above for details regarding the representation of the Trace Reference. Some examples describing file naming convention: + +- 1) file name: A20090928.2315+0200-MME.MME5. 13F23200056.125, + +meaning: file produced by MME on September 28, 2009, first trace record at 23:15 local with a time differential of +2 hours against UTC. The file contains trace data for the Trace Session with the Trace reference 13F23200056 (where MCC is 312, MNC is 23, and Trace ID is 000056, all in hexadecimal format) and for the Trace Recording Session with the reference 125. + +- 2) file name: B20030115.1700-0300-RNC.RNC02, + +meaning: file produced by RNC on January 15, 2003, first trace record at 17:00 local with a time differential of -3 hours against UTC. The file contains trace data for several Trace Recording Sessions. + +- 3) file name: B20030115.1700-0300-RNC.RNC02. 4358070034D7, + +meaning: file produced by RNC on January 15, 2003, first trace record at 17:00 local with a time differential of -3 hours against UTC. The file contains trace 4358070034D7 (where MCC is 348, MNC is 570, and Trace ID is 0034D7) data for Trace reference and several Trace Recording Sessions. + +- 4) file name C20030115.1700-0300-MME.MME02. 26F452550021 + +Meaning: file produced by MME on January 15, 2003, first trace record at 17:00 local with a time differential of -3 hours against UTC. The file contains IMSI/IMEI (SV) or IMEI-TAC information for one or more UEs traced at eNB with Trace Reference 26F452550021 (where MCC is 624, MNC is 25, and Trace ID is 550021). + +## --- B.2 File transfer + +- Data retrieval and storage mechanisms are vendor specific. +- There is no constraint on data retrieval periodicity. + +# Annex C (informative): Trace Functional Architecture: Reporting + +## C.1 Figure of Trace Reporting + +The following represents the trace reporting procedures. + +![Diagram of Trace Reporting in System context A](b3cd59f24a21fab4cd8ac6fe743ab3a9_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the trace reporting architecture. At the top is a box labeled 'OSS/NM/TCE'. Below it is a central box containing two sub-components, 'EMx' and 'EMy'. An arrow points from the 'EMy' component up to the 'OSS/NM/TCE' box. To the left of the central box are two boxes, 'S-CSCF' and 'P-CSCF', with arrows pointing from each to the 'EMx' component. To the right of the central box are five boxes: 'HSS', 'MSC Server', 'MGW', 'SGSN', and 'GGSN'. Arrows point from each of these five boxes to the 'EMy' component. Below the 'GGSN' box is a box labeled 'RNC', with an arrow pointing from it to the 'EMy' component. + +Diagram of Trace Reporting in System context A + +Figure C.1.1: Trace Reporting in System context A + +![Diagram showing trace reporting from various network elements to OSS/NM/TCE. The elements include S-CSCE, P-CSCE, HSS, MSC Server, MGW, SGSN, and GGSN, each with an EM (Element Manager) box. Arrows point from each EM to the OSS/NM/TCE box.](750b1652a4f4791b84c02aa755a1dedd_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; OSS_NM_TCE[OSS/NM/TCE]; S_CSCE[S-CSCE]; P_CSCE[P-CSCE]; HSS[HSS]; MSC_Server[MSC Server]; MGW[MGW]; SGSN[SGSN]; GGSN[GGSN]; RNCS[RNCS]; OSS_NM_TCE <--> S_CSCE; OSS_NM_TCE <--> P_CSCE; OSS_NM_TCE <--> HSS; OSS_NM_TCE <--> MSC_Server; OSS_NM_TCE <--> MGW; OSS_NM_TCE <--> SGSN; OSS_NM_TCE <--> GGSN; OSS_NM_TCE <--> RNCS; +``` + +Diagram showing trace reporting from various network elements to OSS/NM/TCE. The elements include S-CSCE, P-CSCE, HSS, MSC Server, MGW, SGSN, and GGSN, each with an EM (Element Manager) box. Arrows point from each EM to the OSS/NM/TCE box. + +Figure C.1.2: Trace Reporting in System Context B + +# Annex D (informative): Examples of trace files + +## D.1 Examples of trace XML file + +### D.1.1 Example of XML trace file with the maximum level of details + +``` + + + + + + + + + + SubNetwork=1, ManagedElement=Cell-1 + A9FD64E12C + + + 460 + 10 + 000122 + + + +``` + +An additional example added; + +``` + + + + + + + + + + SubNetwork=1, ManagedElement=Cell-1 + SubNetwork=1, ManagedElement=Cell-2 + 123.222.213.5 + A9FD64E12C + + + 460 + 10 + 000122 + + + +``` + +### D.1.2 Example of XML trace file with the minimum level of details + +``` + + + + + + + + + + SubNetwork=1,ManagedElement=Cell-1 + 54 + 17.3 + 8 + 2 + + 1 + 15 + 9.3 + -10.1 + + + + + + 2 + + + + + 460 + 10 + 000130 + + + +``` + +### D.1.3 Example of XML trace file for IMSI information from the MME + +``` + + + + + + + + + + 460 + 10 + 000130 + + + + + + 460 + 10 + 000150 + + + +``` + +``` + +``` + +### --- D.1.4 Example of MDT XML file + +``` + + + + + + + + + 97 + 34 + 5 + + + 460 + 10 + 000150 + + + +``` + +--- + +Annex E (informative): +Void + +# Annex F (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------|--|--| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | | | +| Sep 2005 | SA_29 | SP-050623 | 0004 | 1 | Clarify Trace Messages for FDD and TDD modes | B | 6.2.0 | 7.0.0 | | | +| Dec 2005 | SA_30 | SP-050690 | 0007 | -- | Differentiate Trace Contents for FDD and TDD | B | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | | | +| Dec 2005 | SA_30 | SP-050709 | 0008 | -- | Remove SFN-SFN observed time difference - Align with 25.331 | A | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | | | +| Dec 2005 | SA_30 | SP-050709 | 0009 | -- | Correction to name space URI | A | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | | | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060258 | 0011 | -- | Correction for compilation errors of schema and addition of the missing link | A | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | | | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060533 | 0013 | -- | Correct UTRA Carrier RSSI for trace contents- Align with RAN2's 25.331 | A | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | | | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060533 | 0015 | -- | Correct CFN-SFN observed time difference for trace IE - Align with RAN2's 25.331 | A | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | | | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060552 | 0016 | -- | Add Trace IEs to differentiate UARFCN for FDD and TDD - Align with RAN2's 25.331 | C | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | | | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060552 | 0018 | -- | Correction in XML schema and examples | F | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | | | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060728 | 0019 | -- | Correct the errors in figure and examples | F | 7.3.0 | 7.4.0 | | | +| Mar 2009 | SA_43 | SP-090207 | 0020 | -- | Constraint of the presence for the "ue" element | F | 7.4.0 | 8.0.0 | | | +| Mar 2009 | SA_43 | SP-090207 | 0021 | -- | Adding PGW trace record content | B | 7.4.0 | 8.0.0 | | | +| Mar 2009 | SA_43 | SP-090207 | 0022 | -- | Alignment with 32.421 and 32.422. Introduction medium and minimum trace dept IEs for the GTP and S1AP protocols in MME | B | 7.4.0 | 8.0.0 | | | +| Mar 2009 | SA_43 | SP-090207 | 0023 | -- | Alignment with 32.421 and 32.422. Introduction of E-UTRAN | B | 7.4.0 | 8.0.0 | | | +| Jun 2009 | SA_44 | SP-090289 | 0024 | -- | Alignment with 32.421 and 32.422 - Introduction medium and minimum trace depth IEs in MME | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | | | +| Jun 2009 | SA_44 | SP-090289 | 0025 | -- | Add missing SGW Trace Record content | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | | | +| Jun 2009 | SA_44 | SP-090289 | 0026 | -- | Add missing PGW Trace Record content for Gx and S6b interfaces | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | | | +| Jun 2009 | SA_44 | SP-090289 | 0027 | -- | Alignment with 32.421 and 32.422 - Introduction medium and minimum trace dept IEs for NAS in MME | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | | | +| Sep 2009 | SA_45 | SP-090534 | 0028 | -- | Correction in TS 32.423 Trace Depth requirements for MME, SGW and PGW | F | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | | | +| Sep 2009 | SA_45 | SP-090534 | 0030 | -- | Unable to uniquely identify file name when one file per UE trace | F | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | | | +| Sep 2009 | SA_45 | SP-090534 | 0031 | -- | Added a file format and example for sending the IMSI/IMEI (SV) information from the MME | F | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | | | +| Sep 2009 | SA-45 | SP-090542 | 0029 | -- | Correction on XML file format for Trace failure notification | F | 8.2.0 | 9.0.0 | | | +| Dec 2009 | SA-46 | SP-090719 | 0032 | -- | Clarify Trace Reference and Trace Recording Session Reference format | F | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | | | +| Jan 2010 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Removal of track changes | -- | 9.1.0 | 9.1.1 | | | +| Mar 2010 | SA-47 | SP-100034 | 0034 | -- | Align with 32.421 and 33.401 | A | 9.1.1 | 9.2.0 | | | +| Sep 2010 | SA-49 | SP-100487 | 0039 | -- | Correcting references | A | 9.2.0 | 9.3.0 | | | +| Sep 2010 | SA-49 | SP-100489 | 0036 | -- | Add Diameter in HSS Trace Record Content | B | 9.2.0 | 9.3.0 | | | +| Sep 2010 | SA-49 | SP-100488 | 0035 | -- | Correct call trace file format to allow multiple targets | F | 9.3.0 | 10.0.0 | | | +| Dec 2010 | SA-50 | SP-100833 | 0040 | 1 | Add trace Record Content in MME trace and SGSN trace - Align with 32.421 and 32.422 | C | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | | | +| Dec 2010 | SA-50 | SP-100858 | 0042 | -- | Correcting the Trace Reference definition - Align with RAN3 TS 36.423, 36.413 | A | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | | | +| Dec 2010 | SA-50 | SP-100833 | 0043 | -- | Adding the S6a trace interface for HSS | B | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | | | +| Dec 2010 | SA-50 | SP-100833 | 0044 | -- | Correcting the Identification of IMS Subscriber Tracing - Align with 32.421 | F | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | | | +| Dec 2010 | SA-50 | SP-100831 | 0047 | -- | Add missing interfaces S3, S4 and S6d trace record contents of SGSN - Align with 32.422 | A | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | | | +| Mar 2011 | SA-51 | SP-110095 | 0049 | -- | Addition of trace Record Content of EIR Trace | B | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | | | +| May 2011 | SA-52 | SP-110292 | 0050 | 1 | Applying trace data file to MDT data format | B | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | | | +| Dec 2011 | SA-54 | SP-110715 | 0054 | -- | Correcting the description of meas vendorSpecific attribute in the XML trace file | F | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | | | +| Dec 2011 | SA-54 | SP-110716 | 0047 | -- | Clarification of eNB ID in E-UTRAN Trace Record | B | 10.4.0 | 11.0.0 | | | +| Dec 2011 | SA-54 | SP-110716 | 0053 | -- | Rel11 CR to 32423 Update the trace record content for Uu and X2 interfaces | C | 10.4.0 | 11.0.0 | | | +| March 2012 | SA55 | SP-120053 | 0058 | 1 | Correct IMSI retrieval file to include MDT anonymization info | A | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | | | +| March 2012 | SA-55 | SP-120044 | 0061 | 1 | Modify E-UTRAN Trace Record Content | A | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | | | +| Sep-2012 | SA-57 | SP-120627 | 0064 | 1 | Reference list correction to align with the corrected TS 29.212 title | F | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | | | +| Dic-2012 | SA-58 | SP-120783 | 0065 | 1 | Correction of inconsistent specification of data type for Trace Recording Session Reference Length (TRSR) | F | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | | | +| | | SP-120796 | 0066 | 1 | Specifying trace record content for immediate MDT measurements | B | | | | | +| | | SP-120796 | 0067 | -- | Add RCEF in Uu interface trace | C | | | | | +| | | SP-120795 | 0068 | 1 | Correction on the scope and reference related to MDT | F | | | | | +| Mar-2013 | SA-59 | SP-130057 | 0069 | -- | RCEF reporting in UMTS | F | 11.3.0 | 11.4.0 | | | +| June-201 | SA-60 | SP-130265 | 0072 | 1 | Correct trace file name format | A | 11.4.0 | 11.5.0 | | | + +| | | | | | | | | | +|----------|-------|-----------|------|---|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|---|--------|--------| +| 3 | | SP-130304 | 0073 | 2 | Correct the XML schema for MDT data | F | | | +| Sep-2013 | SA-61 | SP-130432 | 0075 | 2 | Correction on some inconsistent definitions for trace data file parameters | A | 11.5.0 | 11.6.0 | +| Mar-2014 | SA-63 | SP-140029 | 0079 | 1 | Corrections of Trace Session identifier | A | 11.6.0 | 11.7.0 | +| Jun-2014 | SA-64 | SP-140344 | 0083 | - | Corrections on the trace record content for immediate MDT measurements | F | 11.7.0 | 11.8.0 | + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|---------|-----------|------|-----|-----|------------------------------|--|-------------| +| Date | Meeting | TDoc | CR | Rev | Cat | Subject/Comment | | New version | +| 2020-07 | SA#88e | SP-200488 | 0107 | - | A | clean up of the editor notes | | 11.9.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32425/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32425/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6ff10a93439a78f61d195c5e11612950d5c8d645 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32425/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,2448 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 7 | +| 1 Scope..... | 9 | +| 2 References..... | 9 | +| 3 Measurement family and abbreviations ..... | 10 | +| 3.1 Measurement family..... | 10 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 10 | +| 4 Measurements related to eNodeB, Donor eNodeB and Relay Node ..... | 11 | +| 4.0 Applicability of measurements..... | 11 | +| 4.1 RRC connection related measurements..... | 11 | +| 4.1.1 RRC connection establishment..... | 11 | +| 4.1.1.1 Attempted RRC connection establishments ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.1.2 Successful RRC connection establishments ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.1.3 Failed RRC connection establishments ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.1.4 Failed RRC connection establishment per failure cause ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.2 RRC connection re-establishment ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.2.1 Attempted RRC connection re-establishments ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.2.2 Successful RRC connection re-establishments..... | 14 | +| 4.1.2.3 Failed RRC connection re-establishments ..... | 14 | +| 4.1.3 RRC connection number ..... | 14 | +| 4.1.3.1 Mean number of RRC Connections..... | 14 | +| 4.1.3.2 Maximum number of RRC Connections ..... | 15 | +| 4.1.4 RRC connection setup time ..... | 15 | +| 4.1.4.1 Mean RRC connection setup time ..... | 15 | +| 4.1.4.2 Maximum RRC connection setup time..... | 16 | +| 4.1.5 UE CONTEXT Release..... | 16 | +| 4.1.5.1 Number of UE CONTEXT Release Request initiated by eNodeB/RN ..... | 16 | +| 4.1.5.2 Successful UE CONTEXT Release ..... | 16 | +| 4.2 E-RAB related measurements ..... | 17 | +| 4.2.0 General ..... | 17 | +| 4.2.1 E-RAB setup..... | 17 | +| 4.2.1.1 Number of initial E-RABs attempted to setup..... | 17 | +| 4.2.1.2 Number of initial E-RABs successfully established..... | 17 | +| 4.2.1.3 Number of initial E-RABs failed to setup ..... | 18 | +| 4.2.1.4 Number of additional E-RABs attempted to setup ..... | 18 | +| 4.2.1.5 Number of additional E-RABs successfully established ..... | 19 | +| 4.2.1.6 Number of additional E-RABs failed to setup..... | 19 | +| 4.2.1.7 Mean E-RAB Setup time ..... | 19 | +| 4.2.1.8 Maximum E-RAB Setup time..... | 20 | +| 4.2.1.9 Number of E-RABs attempted to establish for incoming HOs ..... | 20 | +| 4.2.1.10 Number of E-RABs successfully established for incoming HOs ..... | 21 | +| 4.2.2 E-RAB release ..... | 21 | +| 4.2.2.1 Number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by eNodeB/RN per QCI ..... | 21 | +| 4.2.2.3 Number of E-RABs attempted to release ..... | 22 | +| 4.2.2.4 Number of E-RAB successfully released ..... | 22 | +| 4.2.2.5 Number of E-RAB failed to release..... | 23 | +| 4.2.2.6 Number of released active E-RABs..... | 23 | +| 4.2.3 E-RAB modification..... | 24 | +| 4.2.3.1 Number of E-RABs attempted to modify the QoS parameter ..... | 24 | +| 4.2.3.2 Number of E-RABs successfully modified the QoS parameter ..... | 25 | +| 4.2.3.3 Number of E-RABs failed to modify the QoS parameter..... | 25 | +| 4.2.4 E-RAB activity ..... | 25 | +| 4.2.4.1 In-session activity time for UE ..... | 25 | +| 4.2.4.2 In-session activity time for E-RABs..... | 26 | +| 4.2.5 E-RAB number ..... | 27 | +| 4.2.5.1 Average Number of simultaneous E-RABs..... | 27 | +| 4.2.5.2 Maximum Number of simultaneous E-RABs..... | 27 | + +| | | | +|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 4.3 | Handover related measurements ..... | 27 | +| 4.3.1 | Intra-RAT Handovers ..... | 27 | +| 4.3.1.1 | Intra-eNB/RN Handover related measurements ..... | 27 | +| 4.3.1.1.1 | Attempted outgoing intra-eNB/RN handovers per handover cause..... | 27 | +| 4.3.1.1.2 | Successful outgoing intra-eNB/RN handovers per handover cause..... | 28 | +| 4.3.1.1.3 | Attempted outgoing intra-DeNB handover preparations from DeNB cell to RN per handover cause..... | 28 | +| 4.3.1.1.4 | Attempted outgoing intra-DeNB handover executions from DeNB cell to RN per handover cause..... | 29 | +| 4.3.1.1.5 | Successful outgoing intra-DeNB handover executions from DeNB cell to RN per handover cause..... | 29 | +| 4.3.1.2 | Inter-eNB Handover related measurements..... | 30 | +| 4.3.1.2.1 | Attempted outgoing inter-eNB handover preparations ..... | 30 | +| 4.3.1.2.2 | Attempted outgoing inter-eNB handover executions per handover cause..... | 30 | +| 4.3.1.2.3 | Successful outgoing inter-eNB handover executions per handover cause..... | 30 | +| 4.3.1.3 | Handover measurements on neighbour cell basis..... | 31 | +| 4.3.1.3.1 | Attempted outgoing handovers per handover cause ..... | 31 | +| 4.3.1.3.2 | Successful outgoing handovers per handover cause ..... | 31 | +| 4.3.1.3.3 | Number of handover failures related with MRO ..... | 32 | +| 4.3.1.4 | Intra- / Inter-frequency Handover related measurements ..... | 33 | +| 4.3.1.4.1 | Attempted outgoing intra-frequency handovers..... | 33 | +| 4.3.1.4.2 | Successful outgoing intra-frequency handovers ..... | 33 | +| 4.3.1.4.3 | Attempted outgoing inter-frequency handovers – gap-assisted measurement..... | 34 | +| 4.3.1.4.4 | Successful outgoing inter-frequency handovers – gap-assisted measurement..... | 34 | +| 4.3.1.4.5 | Attempted outgoing inter-frequency handovers – non gap-assisted measurement..... | 34 | +| 4.3.1.4.6 | Successful outgoing inter-frequency handovers – non gap-assisted measurement..... | 35 | +| 4.3.1.5 | Handover related measurements for DRX / non-DRX..... | 35 | +| 4.3.1.5.1 | Attempted outgoing handovers with DRX..... | 35 | +| 4.3.1.5.2 | Successful outgoing handovers with DRX..... | 35 | +| 4.3.1.5.3 | Attempted outgoing handovers non-DRX..... | 36 | +| 4.3.1.5.4 | Successful outgoing handovers non-DRX ..... | 36 | +| 4.3.1.6 | Handover to cells outside the RN related measurements ..... | 36 | +| 4.3.1.6.1 | Attempted preparations of outgoing handovers to the cells outside the RN..... | 36 | +| 4.3.1.6.2 | Attempted executions of outgoing handover to the cells outside the RN per handover cause ..... | 37 | +| 4.3.1.6.3 | Successful executions of outgoing handover to the cells outside the RN per handover cause ..... | 37 | +| 4.3.1.7 | Handover triggering measurements ..... | 38 | +| 4.3.1.7.1 | Average quality of the serving cell when HO is triggered..... | 38 | +| 4.3.1.7.2 | Average quality of the neighboring cell when HO is triggered ..... | 38 | +| 4.3.2 | Inter-RAT Handovers ..... | 39 | +| 4.3.2.1 | Measurements related to inter-RAT Handovers – target cell of 3GPP and non-3GPP network technology..... | 39 | +| 4.3.2.1.1 | Attempted outgoing inter-RAT handovers per handover cause..... | 39 | +| 4.3.2.1.2 | Successful outgoing inter-RAT handovers per handover cause..... | 39 | +| 4.3.2.1.3 | Number of outgoing unnecessary handovers related with inter-RAT MRO ..... | 40 | +| 4.4 | Cell level radio bearer QoS related measurements ..... | 40 | +| 4.4.1 | Cell PDCP SDU bit-rate..... | 40 | +| 4.4.1.1 | Average DL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 40 | +| 4.4.1.2 | Average UL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 40 | +| 4.4.1.3 | Maximum DL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 41 | +| 4.4.1.4 | Maximum UL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 41 | +| 4.4.1.5 | Average DL cell control plane PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 42 | +| 4.4.1.6 | Average UL cell control plane PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 42 | +| 4.4.2 | Active UEs..... | 42 | +| 4.4.2.1 | Average number of active UEs on the DL..... | 42 | +| 4.4.2.2 | Average number of active UEs on the UL..... | 43 | +| 4.4.3 | Packet Delay and Drop Rate..... | 43 | +| 4.4.3.1 | Average DL PDCP SDU delay ..... | 43 | +| 4.4.3.2 | DL PDCP SDU drop rate..... | 43 | +| 4.4.4 | Packet loss rate ..... | 44 | +| 4.4.4.1 | DL PDCP SDU air interface loss rate..... | 44 | +| 4.4.4.2 | UL PDCP SDU loss rate..... | 44 | +| 4.4.5 | IP Latency measurements..... | 45 | + +| | | | +|----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 4.4.5.1 | IP Latency in DL, E-RAB level..... | 45 | +| 4.4.6 | IP Throughput measurements..... | 45 | +| 4.4.6.1 | IP Throughput in DL..... | 45 | +| 4.4.6.2 | IP Throughput in UL..... | 46 | +| 4.5 | Radio resource utilization related measurements..... | 46 | +| 4.5.1 | DL PRB Usage for traffic..... | 46 | +| 4.5.2 | UL PRB Usage for traffic..... | 47 | +| 4.5.3 | DL Total PRB Usage..... | 47 | +| 4.5.4 | UL Total PRB Usage..... | 48 | +| 4.5.5 | RACH Usage..... | 48 | +| 4.5.5.1 | Mean number of RACH preambles received..... | 48 | +| 4.5.5.2 | Distribution of RACH preambles sent..... | 48 | +| 4.5.5.3 | Distribution of RACH access delay..... | 49 | +| 4.5.5.4 | Percentage of contentious RACH attempts ..... | 49 | +| 4.5.5.5 | Number of UE RACH reports received..... | 50 | +| 4.5.5.6 | Percentage of time when all dedicated RACH preambles are used..... | 50 | +| 4.5.6 | Cell Unavailable Time..... | 50 | +| 4.5.7 | TB related measurements ..... | 51 | +| 4.5.7.1 | Total Number of DL TBs..... | 51 | +| 4.5.7.2 | Error Number of DL TBs..... | 51 | +| 4.5.7.3 | Total Number of UL TBs..... | 51 | +| 4.5.7.4 | Error Number of UL TBs..... | 52 | +| 4.5.8 | Power utilization measurements..... | 52 | +| 4.5.8.1 | Maximum carrier transmit power ..... | 52 | +| 4.5.8.2 | Mean carrier transmit power..... | 52 | +| 4.5.9 | PRB Full Utilisation ..... | 53 | +| 4.5.9.1 | DL PRB full utilisation ..... | 53 | +| 4.5.9.2 | UL PRB full utilisation..... | 53 | +| 4.6 | UE-associated logical S1-connection related measurements..... | 53 | +| 4.6.1 | UE-associated logical S1-connection establishment..... | 53 | +| 4.6.1.1 | Attempted UE-associated logical S1-connection establishment from eNB to MME..... | 53 | +| 4.6.1.2 | Successful UE-associated logical S1-connection establishment from eNB to MME..... | 54 | +| 4.7 | Paging related measurements..... | 54 | +| 4.7.1 | Paging Performance..... | 54 | +| 4.7.1.1 | Number of paging records discarded at the eNodeB/RN ..... | 54 | +| 4.7.1.2 | Number of paging records received by the eNodeB/RN ..... | 54 | +| 4.8 | Measurements related to equipment resources..... | 55 | +| 4.8.1 | eNodeB/RN processor usage..... | 55 | +| 4.8.1.1 | Mean processor usage..... | 55 | +| 4.8.1.2 | Peak processor usage ..... | 55 | +| 4.9 | Common LAs of overlapping RAT's coverage ..... | 55 | +| 4.9.1 | Number of incoming IRAT mobility events per LA ..... | 55 | +| 4.10 | RF Measurements..... | 56 | +| 4.10.1 | CQI Distribution..... | 56 | +| 4.10.1.0 | General..... | 56 | +| 4.10.1.1 | Wideband CQI distribution..... | 56 | +| 4.10.1.2 | Average sub-band CQI ..... | 56 | +| 4.10.2 | Timing Advance Distribution..... | 57 | +| 5 | Measurements related to Relay Node ..... | 58 | +| 5.1 | DeNB Reconfiguration related measurements..... | 58 | +| 5.1.1 | RN Reconfiguration..... | 58 | +| 5.1.1.1 | Number of RNReconfiguration attempts..... | 58 | +| 5.1.1.2 | Number of RNReconfiguration Completed..... | 58 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Annex A (informative): | Use cases for performance measurements definition..... | 59 | +| A.1 | Monitor of call(/session) setup performance ..... | 59 | +| A.2 | Monitor of E-RAB release ..... | 59 | +| A.3 | Monitor of E-RAB level QoS modification..... | 60 | +| A.4 | Overview handover related Use Cases..... | 60 | +| A.5 | Monitor of cell level QoS and radio resource utilisation ..... | 62 | +| A.6 | Monitor of the number of connected users ..... | 65 | +| A.7 | Monitoring of interference situation ..... | 65 | +| A.8 | Monitor of ARQ and HARQ performance ..... | 65 | +| A.9 | Monitoring of RF performance ..... | 65 | +| A.10 | Monitor of paging performance ..... | 66 | +| A.11 | Use case of eNodeB processor usage..... | 66 | +| A.12 | Monitor of simultaneous E-RABs..... | 66 | +| A.13 | Monitoring of Mobility Robustness Optimization (MRO) ..... | 67 | +| A.14 | Monitor of BLER performance..... | 67 | +| A.15 | Monitoring of common LAs of overlapping target RAT's coverage ..... | 67 | +| A.16 | Monitoring of Energy Saving ..... | 67 | +| A.17 | Monitoring of RNReconfiguration..... | 68 | +| A.18 | Monitoring of E-RAB setup for incoming HOs..... | 68 | +| Annex B (informative): | Change history..... | 69 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.401 Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements +- 32.402 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements – GSM +- 32.404 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template +- 32.405 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) +- 32.406 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Packet Switched (PS) domain +- 32.407 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Circuit Switched (CS) domain +- 32.408 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Teleservice +- 32.409 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) +- 32.425 Performance Management (PM); Evolved Performance measurements Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)** +- 32.426 Performance Management (PM); Evolved Packet Core (EPC) + +The present document is part of a set of specifications, which describe the requirements and information model necessary for the standardised Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OA&M) of a multi-vendor E-UTRAN and EPC system. + +During the lifetime of an E-UTRAN, its logical and physical configuration will undergo changes of varying degrees and frequencies in order to optimise the utilisation of the network resources. These changes will be executed through network configuration management activities and/or network engineering, see TS 32.600 [3]. + +Many of the activities involved in the daily operation and future network planning of an E-UTRAN require data on which to base decisions. This data refers to the load carried by the network and the grade of service offered. In order to produce this data performance measurements are executed in the NEs, which comprise the network. The data can then be transferred to an external system, e.g. an Operations System (OS) in TMN terminology, for further evaluation. The purpose of the present document is to describe the mechanisms involved in the collection of the data and the definition of the data itself. + +Annex B of TS 32.404 helps in the definition of new performance measurements that can be submitted to 3GPP for potential adoption and inclusion in the present document. Annex B of TS 32.404 discusses a top-down performance measurement definition methodology that focuses on how the end-user of performance measurements can use the measurements. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document describes the measurements for E-UTRAN. + +TS 32.401 [5] describes Performance Management concepts and requirements. + +The present document is valid for all measurement types provided by an implementation of an E-UTRAN. + +Only measurement types that are specific to E-UTRAN are defined within the present documents. Vendor specific measurement types used in E-UTRAN are not covered. Instead, these could be applied according to manufacturer's documentation. + +Measurements related to "external" technologies (such as ATM or IP) as described by "external" standards bodies (e.g. ITU-T or IETF) shall only be referenced within this specification, wherever there is a need identified for the existence of such a reference. + +The definition of the standard measurements is intended to result in comparability of measurement data produced in a multi-vendor network, for those measurement types that can be standardised across all vendors' implementations. + +The structure of the present document is as follows: + +- Header 1: Network Element (e.g. measurements related to eNodeB); +- Header 2: Measurement function (e.g. RRC connection setup related measurements); +- Header 3: Measurements. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] Void. +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.404: "Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.762: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [8] 3GPP TS 36.331: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification". +- [9] 3GPP TS 36.413: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); S1 Application Protocol (SIAP)". + +- [10] 3GPP TS 36.423: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); X2 application protocol (X2AP)". +- [11] 3GPP TS 36.314: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Layer 2 – Measurements". +- [12] 3GPP TS 36.300: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2". +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.450: "Telecommunication management; Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for E-UTRAN: Definitions". +- [14] 3GPP TS 36.304: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode". +- [15] 3GPP TS 32.522: "Technical Specification Group Services and SystemAspects; Telecommunication management; Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [16] 3GPP TS 36.321: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification". +- [17] 3GPP TS 23.272, "Circuit Switched (CS) fallback in Evolved Packet System (EPS); Stage 2". +- [18] 3GPP TS 36.331: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol specification". + +# 3 Measurement family and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Measurement family + +The measurement names defined in the present document are all beginning with a prefix containing the measurement family name (e.g. RRC.AttConnEstab.Cause). This family name identifies all measurements which relate to a given functionality and it may be used for measurement administration (see TS 32.401 [5]). + +The list of families currently used in the present document is as follows: + +- DRB (measurements related to Data Radio Bearer) +- RRC (measurements related to Radio Resource Control) +- RRU (measurements related to Radio Resource Utilization) +- ERAB (measurements related to E-RAB) +- HO (measurements related to Handover) +- S1SIG (measurements related to S1 Signalling) +- SRB (measurements related to Signalling Radio Bearer) +- PAG (measurements related to Paging) +- EQPT(measurements related to Equipment) +- UECNTX(measurements related to UE CONTEXT) +- TB(measurements related to Transport Block) + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|---------|-----------------------------| +| 3G | 3 rd Generation | +| 3GPP | 3G Partnership Project | +| BLER | Block Error Rate | +| CRC | Cyclic Redundancy Check | +| EPS | Evolved Packet System | +| EQPT | Equipment | +| E-UTRAN | Evolved UTRAN | +| E-RAB | E-UTRAN Radio Access Bearer | +| HO | Handover | + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| PCell | Primary Cell | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RN | Relay Node | +| SCell | Secondary Cell | +| TB | Transport Block | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | + +You can find below a list of abbreviations used within the measurement types for field E of the measurement template (see 3GPP TS 32.404 [6]). + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------| +| Alloc | Allocation | +| Att | Attempt(s,ed) | +| Conn | Connection | +| Ded | Dedicated | +| DL | Downlink | +| ENB | eNodeB | +| Err | Error | +| Estab | Establish (ed,ment) | +| Fail | Fail(ed, ure) | +| Freq | Frequency | +| Inc | Incoming | +| Out | Outgoing | +| Pkt | Packet(s) | +| Prep | Prepare(/Preparation) | +| Late | Latency | +| Mod | Modify(/Modification) | +| Nbr | Number | +| Rel | Release(s,d) | +| Res | Resource | +| Succ | Success(es,ful) | +| Tot | Total | +| UL | Uplink | + +# --- 4 Measurements related to eNodeB, Donor eNodeB and Relay Node + +## 4.0 Applicability of measurements + +Without particular constraint, the measurements apply to following scenarios + +- 1) eNodeB serving one or more Relay Nodes. +- 2) eNodeB not serving any Relay Node +- 3) eNodeB or Relay Node supporting Carrier Aggregation +- 4) eNodeB or Relay Node not supporting Carrier Aggregation + +If the specific constraint is present, which one of above scenarios the subject measurement applies to, is following the constraint. + +## 4.1 RRC connection related measurements + +### 4.1.1 RRC connection establishment + +The three measurement types defined in the subclauses 4.1.1.1, 4.1.1.2 and 4.1.1.3 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.1.1.1 Attempted RRC connection establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RRC connection establishment attempts for each establishment cause. +- b) CC +- c) Receipt of an RRCConnectionRequest message by the eNodeB/RN from the UE. Each RRCConnectionRequest message received is added to the relevant per establishment cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [8]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of RRCConnectionRequest. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.ConnEstabAtt.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the establishment cause. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.1.2 Successful RRC connection establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful RRC establishments for each establishment cause. +- b) CC +- c) Receipt by the eNodeB/RN of an RRCConnectionSetupComplete message following a RRC connection establishment request. Each RRCConnectionSetupComplete message received is added to the relevant per establishment cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [8]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of successful RRC Connection Establishments. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.ConnEstabSucc.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the establishment cause. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.1.3 Failed RRC connection establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RRC establishment failures for each establishment cause. +- b) CC +- c) Transmission of an RRCConnectionReject message by the eNodeB/RN to the UE or an expected RRCConnectionSetupComplete message not received by the eNodeB/RN. Each failed RRC connection establishment is added to the relevant per establishment cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [8]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of RRC connection establishment failures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. + +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.ConnEstabFail.Cause where *Cause* identifies the establishment cause. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.1.4 Failed RRC connection establishment per failure cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed RRC establishment per failure cause. This measurement is to support LBO target setting and evaluation, see [15] +- b) CC +- c) Transmission of an RRCConnectionReject message by the eNodeB to the UE. +Each transmitted RRCConnectionReject message caused by “congestion” is added to the measurement cause ‘*Congestion*’, when eNB receives an RRCConnectionRequest message and the RRC connection is not established because the eNB is going to Energy Saving mode is added to the measurement cause ‘*EnergySaving*’ and each transmitted RRCConnectionReject message caused by the other reasons is added to measurement cause ‘*Unspecified*’. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) RRC.ConnEstabFaileNBCause.Congestion +RRC.ConnEstabFaileNBCause.Unspecified +RRC.ConnEstabFaileNBCause.EnergySaving +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) The measurement is use to count ‘Failed RRC connection establishment related to load’ for LBO target setting and evaluation, see [15]. + +### 4.1.2 RRC connection re-establishment + +The three measurement types defined in the subclause 4.1.2.n are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +#### 4.1.2.1 Attempted RRC connection re-establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RRC connection re-establishment attempts for each re-establishment cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest message by the eNodeB/RN from the UE. Each RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest received is added to the relevant per reestablishment cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [8]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of RRC connection re-establishment attempts. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.ConnReEstabAtt.Cause where *Cause* identifies the reestablishment cause. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD + +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.2.2 Successful RRC connection re-establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful RRC connection re-establishments for each re-establishment cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt by the eNodeB/RN of an RRCConnectionReestablishmentComplete message following a RRC connection reestablishment request. Each RRCConnectionReestablishmentComplete message received is added to the relevant per reestablishment cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [8]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of successful RRC connection re-establishments. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.ConnReEstabSucc.Cause where *Cause* identifies the establishment cause. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.2.3 Failed RRC connection re-establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RRC re-establishment failures for each re-establishment cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an RRCConnectionReestablishmentReject message by the eNodeB/RN to the UE or an expected RRCConnectionReestablishmentComplete message not received by the eNodeB/RN. Each failed RRC connection re-establishment is added to the relevant per re-establishment.cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [8]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of RRC connection re-establishment failures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.ConnReEstabFail.Cause where *Cause* identifies the re-establishment.cause. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +### 4.1.3 RRC connection number + +#### 4.1.3.1 Mean number of RRC Connections + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of RRC Connections during each granularity period. + +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval, the number of RRC connections for each E-UTRAN Cell and then taking the arithmetic mean +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RRC.ConnMean +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.3.2 Maximum number of RRC Connections + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of RRC Connections during each granularity period. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval, the number of RRC connections for each E-UTRAN cell and then taking the maximum. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) RRC.ConnMax +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +### 4.1.4 RRC connection setup time + +#### 4.1.4.1 Mean RRC connection setup time + +- a) This measurement provides the mean time per establishment cause it takes to establish an RRC connection. +- b) DER (n=1). +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for every successful RRC connection establishment between the receipt of a RRCConnectionRequest and the corresponding RRCConnectionSetupComplete message by the eNodeB/RN over the granularity period. The end value of this time will then be divided by the number of successful RRC connections observed in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. The measurement is split into subcounters per establishment cause, and the possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [8]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value (in milliseconds). +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.ConnEstabTimeMean.Cause where *Cause* identifies the establishment cause +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.4.2 Maximum RRC connection setup time + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum time per establishment cause it takes to establish an RRC connection. +- b) GAUGE. +- c) This measurement is obtained by monitoring the time intervals for each successful RRC connection establishment between the receipt of a RRCConnectionRequest and the corresponding RRCConnectionSetupComplete message by the eNodeB/RN over the granularity period. The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. The measurement is split into subcounters per establishment cause, and the possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [8]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value (in milliseconds). +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.ConnEstabTimeMax.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the establishment cause +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +### 4.1.5 UE CONTEXT Release + +#### 4.1.5.1 Number of UE CONTEXT Release Request initiated by eNodeB/RN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of UE CONTEXT Release initiated by eNB/RN for each release cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST message initiated by eNodeB/RN. Each release request is to be added to the relevant cause measurement. The possible causes are defined in 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per causes measurements shall equal the total number of UE CONTEXT Release initiated by eNodeB/RN. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form UECNTX.RelReq.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the release cause. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS +- i) By differentiate the causes, this measurement is used to count “The number of abnormal RRC connection release related to load”, which can be used for LBO target calculation.. + +#### 4.1.5.2 Successful UE CONTEXT Release + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE Context Release. +- b) CC. +- c) Sending of UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMPLETE from eNB/RN to MME/DeNB + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) UEContext.RelSuccNbr. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement can be used to count “the total number of RRC connection release”, which can be used for LBO target calculation. + +## 4.2 E-RAB related measurements + +### 4.2.0 General + +In case of carrier aggregation, for the measurements defined in this subclause, the E-RABs are only measured on the PCell. + +### 4.2.1 E-RAB setup + +#### 4.2.1.1 Number of initial E-RABs attempted to setup + +- a) This measurement provides the number of initial E-RABs attempted to setup. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the eNodeB/RN of an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, each requested E-RAB in the message is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs attempted to setup. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabInitAttNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.1.2 Number of initial E-RABs successfully established + +- a) This measurement provides the number of initial E-RABs successfully established. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message, each E-RAB successfully established is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs successfully setup. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. + +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabInitSuccNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.1.3 Number of initial E-RABs failed to setup + +- a) This measurement provides the number of initial E-RABs failed to setup. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE, or INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP FAILURE message, each E-RAB failed to establish is added to the relevant measurement per cause, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs failed to setup. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabInitFailNbr.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the cause resulting in the initial E-RAB setup failure. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.1.4 Number of additional E-RABs attempted to setup + +- a) This measurement provides the number of additional E-RABs attempted to setup. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB SETUP REQUEST message, each requested E-RAB in the message is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of additional E-RABs attempted to setup. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabAddAttNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the Accessibility KPI “E-RAB Accessibility” defined in [13]. + +#### 4.2.1.5 Number of additional E-RABs successfully established + +- a) This measurement provides the number of additional E-RABs successfully established. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE message, each E-RAB successfully established is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of additional E-RABs successfully setup. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabAddSuccNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the Accessibility KPI “E-RAB Accessibility” defined [13]. + +#### 4.2.1.6 Number of additional E-RABs failed to setup + +- a) This measurement provides the number of additional E-RABs failed to setup. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE message, each E-RAB failed to establish is added to the relevant measurement per cause, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of additional E-RABs failed to setup. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB. EstabAddFailNbr.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the cause resulting in the additional E-RAB setup failure. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.1.7 Mean E-RAB Setup time + +- a) This measurement provides the mean time per QCI it takes to establish an E-RAB. +- b) DER (n=1) +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time intervals for every successfully established E-RAB between the receipt of an E-RAB SETUP REQUEST or INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message and the transmission of the corresponding E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE or INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message by the eNodeB over the granularity period. The end value of this time will then be divided by the number of successfully established E-RABs in the granularity period to give the arithmetic mean. The accumulator shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period. The measurement is split into subcounters per QCI, and the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value (in milliseconds). +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabTimeMean.QCI where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.1.8 Maximum E-RAB Setup time + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum time per QCI it takes to establish an E-RAB. +- b) GAUGE +- c) This measurement is obtained by monitoring the time intervals for every successfully established E-RAB between the receipt of an E-RAB SETUP REQUEST or INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message and the transmission of the corresponding E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE or INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message by the eNodeB over the granularity period. The high tide mark of this time will be stored in a gauge, the gauge shall be reinitialised at the beginning of each granularity period.. The measurement is split into subcounters per QCI, and the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value (in milliseconds). +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabTimeMax.QCI where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.1.9 Number of E-RABs attempted to establish for incoming HOs + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs attempted to establish for incoming HOs. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the eNB of a X2AP HANDOVER REQUEST or SIAP HANDOVER REQUEST message; or on transmission by the eNB of the *RRConnectionReconfiguration* message to the UE triggering the intra-eNB handover (see TS 36.331 [8]), all E-RABs of this UE (but not only the E-RABs in the message) are counted for this measurement to the target E-UTRAN cell. Each E-RAB attempted to establish is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs attempted to setup. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabIncHoAttNbr.QCI where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.1.10 Number of E-RABs successfully established for incoming HOs + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs successfully established for incoming HOs. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNB of a X2AP HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE or SIAP HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE message, or on transmission by the eNB of the *RRConnectionReconfiguration* message to the UE triggering the intra-eNB handover (see TS 36.331 [8]) after the E-RABs in this message are successfully established in the target E-UTRAN cell. Each E-RAB successfully established is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs successfully setup. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabIncHoSuccNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.2.2 E-RAB release + +#### 4.2.2.1 Number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by eNodeB/RN per QCI + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by eNodeB/RN. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB RELEASE INDICATION, or an UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST, or a RESET message to MME or DeNB( in case of RN), each corresponding E-RAB requested to release is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by eNodeB/RN. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.RelEnbNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.2.2 Number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by eNodeB/RN per cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by eNodeB/RN. The measurement is split into subcounters per cause. +- b) CC + +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB RELEASE INDICATION, or an UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST, or a RESET message to MME or DeNB( in case of RN), each corresponding E-RAB requested to release is added to the relevant measurement per cause. Possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of supported causes. +- e) The measurement names have the form ERAB.RelEnbNbr.*cause* where *cause* identifies the reason for the E-RABs release request initiated by eNodeB/RN. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.2.3 Number of E-RABs attempted to release + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs attempted to release. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB RELEASE COMMAND or UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND or RESET message from MME/DeNB; or receipt by the eNodeB/RN of an UE CONTEXT RELEASE message from another eNodeB/DeNB or transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB Release Indication or RESET message to MME/DeNB; or on receipt by the eNB/RN of a PATH SWITCH REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE or PATH SWITCH REQUEST FAILED message by which some or all E-RABs in the corresponding PATH SWITCH REQUEST need to be released; or on receipt by the eNB/RN of a *RRConnectionReconfigurationComplete* message from the UE, indicating a successful intra-eNB/RN handover (see TS 36.331 [8]), i.e., the E-RABs in the corresponding *RRConnectionReconfiguration* message can be released by the source EUTran cell. Each corresponding E-RAB to release is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. , the same E-RAB shall not be counted repeatedly but only one in case it appears more than one time in the same or different messages triggering this measurement The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs attempted to release. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.RelAttNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.2.4 Number of E-RAB successfully released + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs successfully released. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB RELEASE RESPONSE or UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMPLETE, or E-RAB Release Indication or a RESET ACKNOWLEDGE to MME/DeNB; or E-RAB is released successfully by the eNB/RN after receiving PATH SWITCH REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE or PATH SWITCH REQUEST FAILED message by which some or all E-RABs in the corresponding PATH SWITCH REQUEST are to be released; or the E-RAB is released successfully at the source EUTran cell by the eNB/RN after receiving *RRConnectionReconfigurationComplete* message from the UE, indicating a successful intra-eNB/RN handover (see TS 36.331 [8]); or the E-RAB released successfully by source eNB/RN after receiving UE CONTEXT RELEASE from another eNB/DeNB; or on receipt by the eNB/RN of a RESET + +ACKNOWLEDGE message from MME/DeNB . Each corresponding E-RAB successfully released is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9] , the same E-RAB shall not be counted repeatedly but only one in case it appears more than one time in the same or different messages triggering this measurement. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs fully released. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.RelSuccNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.2.5 Number of E-RAB failed to release + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RAB failed to release. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB RELEASE RESPONSE message, each E-RAB failed to release is added to the relevant measurement per cause, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs failed to release. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.RelFailNbr.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the cause resulting in the E-RAB release failure. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.2.6 Number of released active E-RABs + +- a) This measurement provides the number of released E-RABs that were active at the time of release. E-RABs with bursty flow are seen as being active when there is user data in the queue in any of the directions. E-RABs with continuous flow are always seen as active E-RABs in the context of this measurement. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB RELEASE INDICATION message; or on transmission by the eNB/RN of an E-RAB RELEASE RESPONSE message for the E-RAB release initiated by the MME/DeNB with the exception of corresponding E-RAB RELEASE COMMAND message with “Cause” equal to “Normal Release” or on transmission by the eNodeB/RN of UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMPLETE for the UE context release initiated by the eNB/RN with the exception of the corresponding UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST message with cause “User inactivity”, “CSG Subscription Expiry”, or any “cause” indicating a successful CS fallback (e.g., cause “CS Fallback triggered”, “UE Not Available for PS Service”, or “Redirection towards 1xRTT”) or a successful mobility activity (e.g., cause “Inter-RAT Redirection”); or on transmission by the eNodeB/RN of UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMPLETE message for the UE context release initiated by the + +MME/DeNB with the exception of the corresponding UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND message with "Cause" equal to "Normal Release" ", "detach", "Handover Cancelled" or any "cause" indicating a successful CS fallback (e.g., cause "Redirection towards 1xRTT") or a successful mobility activity (e.g., cause "Successful Handover", "Inter-RAT Redirection" or "S1 Intra system Handover triggered") or on receipt by the eNB of a PATH SWITCH REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE or PATH SWITCH REQUEST FAILED message by which some or all E-RABs in the corresponding PATH SWITCH REQUEST need to be released , or on transmission of a RESET ACKNOWLEDGE message to MME/DeNB; or on receipt of a RESET ACKNOWLEDGE message from MME/DeNB, if any of the UL or DL are considered active according to the definition used for "Number of active UEs" in TS 36.314. + +E-RABs with bursty flow are considered active when there is still data in the DL or UL buffer. E-RABs with continuous flow are always seen as active E-RABs in the context of this measurement. Each corresponding E-RAB to release is added to the relevant measurement per QCI. + +The possible QCIs are described in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs attempted to release when the E-RAB is active according to the definition of bursty flow/continuous flow. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +How to define for a particular QCI if the E-RAB is of type bursty flow or continuous flow is outside the scope of this document. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.RelActNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the Retainability KPI "E-RAB Retainability" defined in [13] + +### 4.2.3 E-RAB modification + +#### 4.2.3.1 Number of E-RABs attempted to modify the QoS parameter + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs attempted to modify the QoS parameter. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB MODIFY REQUEST message, each E-RAB attempted to modify the QoS parameter is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs attempted to modify the QoS parameter. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.ModQoSAttNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the target E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.3.2 Number of E-RABs successfully modified the QoS parameter + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs successfully modified the QoS parameter. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB MODIFY RESPONSE message, each E-RAB successfully modified the QoS parameter is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs successfully modified the QoS parameter. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.ModQoSuccNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the target E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.3.3 Number of E-RABs failed to modify the QoS parameter + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs failed to be modified the QoS parameter. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of an E-RAB MODIFY RESPONSE message, each E-RAB failed to modify the QoS parameter is added to the relevant measurement per cause, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs failed to modify the QoS parameter. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.ModQoSFailNbr.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the cause resulting in the E-RAB Modify failure. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.2.4 E-RAB activity + +#### 4.2.4.1 In-session activity time for UE + +- a) This measurement provides the aggregated active session time for UEs in a cell. +- b) CC +- c) Number of session seconds aggregated for UEs in a cell. +For E-RABs with bursty flow, a UE is said to be “in session” if any E-RAB data on a Data Radio Bearer (UL or DL) has been transferred during the last 100 ms. +For E-RABs with continuous flow, the E-RAB (and the UE) is always seen as being “in session” in the context + +of this measurement, and the session time is increased from the first data transmission on the E-RAB until 100 ms after the last data transmission on the E-RAB. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) ERAB.SessionTimeUE +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the Retainability KPI “E-RAB Retainability” defined in [13]. + +#### 4.2.4.2 In-session activity time for E-RABs + +- a) This measurement provides the aggregated active session time for E-RABs in a cell. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) Number of “in session ”seconds aggregated for E-RABs with a certain QCI , where “in session” has the following definitions: + - E-RABs with bursty flow is said to be “in session” for a UE if any E-RAB data on any Data Radio Bearer (UL or DL) has been transferred during the last 100 ms for that QCI + - E-RABs with continuous flow are always seen as being “in session” in the context of this measurement, and the session time is increased from the first data transmission on the E-RAB until 100 ms after the last data transmission on the E-RAB. + +The possible QCIs are described in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total session seconds. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +How to decide for a particular QCI if the E-RAB is of type continuous flow is outside the scope of this document. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.SessionTimeQCI.QCI +where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the Retainability KPI “E-RAB Retainability” defined in [13]. + +### 4.2.5 E-RAB number + +#### 4.2.5.1 Average Number of simultaneous E-RABs. + +- a) This measurement provides the average number of simultaneous E-RABs. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval, the number of simultaneous E-RABs and then taking the arithmetic mean. The measurement is split into subcounters per QCI, and the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.UsageNbrMean.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.5.2 Maximum Number of simultaneous E-RABs. + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum number of simultaneous E-RABs. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval, the number of simultaneous E-RABs and then taking the maximum. The measurement is split into subcounters per QCI, and the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [9]. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.UsageNbrMax.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +## 4.3 Handover related measurements + +### 4.3.1 Intra-RAT Handovers + +#### 4.3.1.1 Intra-eNB/RN Handover related measurements + +##### 4.3.1.1.1 Attempted outgoing intra-eNB/RN handovers per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing intra-eNB/RN handovers per handover cause. +- b) CC. + +- c) Transmission of the *RRCConnectionReconfiguration* message by the eNB/RN to the UE triggering the intra-eNB/RN handover (see TS 36.331 [8]). Each *RRCConnectionReconfiguration* message transmitted is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing intra-eNB/RN handover events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.IntraEnbOutAtt.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.1.2 Successful outgoing intra-eNB/RN handovers per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing intra-eNB/RN handovers per handover cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a RRC message *RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete* sent from the UE to the target (=source) eNB/RN, indicating a successful outgoing intra-eNB/RN handover (see TS 36.331 [8]). Each *RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete* message transmitted is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing intra-eNB/RN handover events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix +- e) HO.IntraEnbOutSucc.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.1.3 Attempted outgoing intra-DeNB handover preparations from DeNB cell to RN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing intra-DeNB handover preparations from DeNB cell to RN per handover cause; this measurement is only applicable to DeNB. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the X2AP message HANDOVER REQUEST from the DeNB to RN (see TS 36.423[10]), indicating the attempt of an outgoing intra-DeNB handover preparation from DeNB cell to RN, the forwarded X2AP message HANDOVER REQUEST for the handover from another RN, eNB or DeNB to the RN is exclusive, the measurement is only incremented by one for one handover in case the X2AP message HANDOVER REQUEST are sent to multiple RNs. Each attempted outgoing intra-DeNB handover preparation from DeNB cell to RN is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of attempted outgoing intra-DeNB handover preparations from DeNB cell to RN. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.IntraDenbOutPrepToRnAtt.*Cause* +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.1.4 Attempted outgoing intra-DeNB handover executions from DeNB cell to RN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing intra-eNB handovers from DeNB cell to RN per handover cause; this measurement is only applicable to DeNB. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *RRC ConnectionReconfiguration* message to UE triggering the handover from the DeNB to the RN, indicating the attempt of an outgoing intra-eNB handover from DeNB cell to RN (see TS 36.331 [8]). Each *RRC ConnectionReconfiguration* message transmitted is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of attempted outgoing intra-eNB handovers from DeNB cell to RN. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.IntraDenbOutToRnAtt.*Cause* +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.1.5 Successful outgoing intra-DeNB handover executions from DeNB cell to RN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing intra-DeNB handovers from DeNB cell to RN per handover cause; this measurement is only applicable to DeNB. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt by the source DeNB of X2AP message UE CONTEXT RELEASE from the RN following a successful handover (see TS 36.423[10]), the forwarded X2AP message UE CONTEXT RELEASE for the handover from another RN, eNB or DeNB to the RN is exclusive. Each outgoing intra-DeNB handover from DeNB cell to RN is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of successful outgoing intra-eNB handovers from DeNB cell to RN. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.IntraDenbOutToRnSucc.*Cause* +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic + +h) EPS + +#### 4.3.1.2 Inter-eNB Handover related measurements + +##### 4.3.1.2.1 Attempted outgoing inter-eNB handover preparations + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing inter-eNB handover preparations, the forwarded handovers for RN in DeNB are exclusive. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the X2AP message HANDOVER REQUEST from the source eNB to the target eNB (see TS 36.423[10]), indicating the attempt of an outgoing inter-eNB handover preparation or on transmission of S1AP message HANDOVER REQUIRED to the MME (see TS 36.413 [9]), the forwarded X2AP message HANDOVER REQUEST and S1AP message HANDOVER REQUIRED for RN in DeNB are exclusive. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.InterEnbOutPrepAtt +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.2.2 Attempted outgoing inter-eNB handover executions per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing inter-eNB handovers per handover cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *RRC ConnectionReconfiguration* message to UE triggering the handover from the source eNB to the target eNB, indicating the attempt of an outgoing inter-eNB handover (see TS 36.331 [8]). The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing inter-eNB handover event Each *RRC ConnectionReconfiguration* message transmitted is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.InterEnbOutAtt.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.2.3 Successful outgoing inter-eNB handover executions per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing inter-eNB handovers per handover cause, the forwarded handovers for RN in DeNB are exclusive. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt at the source eNB of UE CONTEXT RELEASE [10] over the X2 from the target eNB following a successful handover, or if handover is performed via S1, receipt of UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND [9] at the source eNB following a successful handover, the forwarded X2AP UE CONTEXT RELEASE message and S1AP UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND message for RN in DeNB are exclusive. Each X2AP UE CONTEXT RELEASE message or S1AP UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND message received and counted is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in + +TS 36.413 [9]. + +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing inter-eNB handover events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.InterEnbOutSucc.Cause +where Cause identifies the cause for handover. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.3.1.3 Handover measurements on neighbour cell basis + +##### 4.3.1.3.1 Attempted outgoing handovers per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing handovers per handover cause and LTE target cell specific. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *RRCConnection reconfiguration* message to UE triggering the intra-RAT handover (see TS 36.331 [8]). Each *RRCConnectionReconfiguration* message transmitted is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. In case of CA, this attempted handover is only added to the neighbour cell relation from the source EUTRAN cell, through which the *RRCConnectionReconfiguration* message is sent to the UE, to the target EUTRAN cell appointed in the “MobilityControlInfo” IE of the *RRCConnectionReconfiguration message*. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing handover events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.OutAttTarget.Cause +where Cause identifies the cause for handover +- f) EUtranRelation +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.3.2 Successful outgoing handovers per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing handovers per handover cause and LTE target cell specific. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a RRC message *RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete* sent from the UE to the target (=source) eNB, indicating a successful outgoing intra-eNB handover (see TS 36.331 [8]), or receipt at the source eNB of UE CONTEXT RELEASE [10] over the X2 from the target eNB following a successful inter-eNB handover, or if handover is performed via S1, receipt of UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND[9] at the source eNB following a successful inter-eNB handover. Each *RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete*, X2AP UE CONTEXT RELEASE message or S1AP UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND message received is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. In case of CA, this successful handover is only added to same the neighbour cell relation that the corresponding attempted handover is counted at (i.e., the same neighbour cell relation that the measurement defined in subcluse 4.3.1.3.1 is counted at). The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing intra- + +RAT handover events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.OutSuccTarget.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. +- f) EUTranRelation +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.3.3 Number of handover failures related with MRO + +- a) This measurement provides the number of outgoing handover related events that fail related with MRO. Handover related events include normal successful handovers and all failure events by which a UE in RRC connected state changes its serving cell without following a normal handover. Different MRO failure cases are found in [12]. The measurement includes separate counters for the number of handover failures classified as “too early”, “too late” and “to wrong cell”. The measurement for the too late handover is split to subcounters indicating the threshold of the serving cell itself was not crossed and the threshold of the neighbour cell was not crossed in UE measurements before handover in case the handover is triggered by more than one threshold of the measurement report triggering events, the subcounters are only needed if more than one threshold of the measurement report triggering events is used and using single or multiple thresholds is vendor specific. +- b) CC +- c) The measurements of too early handovers, too late handovers and to wrong cell handovers are obtained respectively by accumulating the number of failure events related to handover which are identified by the eNB according to the definitions in TS 36.300 [12]. + +Besides being added to the measurement of total too late handovers, each too late handover (identified by the eNB according to the definitions in TS 36.300 [12]) is also added to the relevant subcounter indicating the threshold of the serving cell itself configured in the measurement report triggering events (see 36.331 [18]) was not crossed or the threshold of the neighbour cell configured in the measurement report triggering events was not crossed if more than one threshold triggering a measurement report is configured to the UEs for the involved neighbour relation and the following UE measurement results are available for both cells involved in the too late handover + +- rsrpResult of “measResultLastServCell” and + - rsrpResult of the subject neighbour cell in “measResultNeighCells” +- in + +- a) the “RLF report” IE in the received RRC message “UEInformationResponse” (see 36.331 [18]), in case both cells involved in the too late handover belong to the same eNB, +- or +- b) the “UE RLF Report Container” IE in the received X2 message “RLF Indication”, in case the cells involved in the too late handover belong to different eNBs. + +The uncrossed threshold (of the serving itself and the neighbour) is identified by comparing the UE measurement results above with the configured thresholds (adding the corresponding hysteresis, see 36.331 [18]) of the measurement report triggering events, + +- if the threshold of the serving cell itself was not crossed, the observed too late handover is then added to the subcounter (HO.OutFail.TooLateOwnNotCrossed) indicating the threshold of the serving cell was not crossed +- if the threshold of the neighbor cell itself was not crossed, the observed too late handover is then added to the subcounter (HO.OutFail.TooLateNeighborNotCrossed) indicating the threshold of the neighbour cell was not crossed +- if the thresholds of both the serving cell itself and the neighbour cell were not crossed, then this too late handover is added to both subcounters (HO.OutFail.TooLateOwnNotCrossed and HO.OutFail.TooLateNeighborNotCrossed) indicating the threshold of serving cell itself was not crossed and the threshold of the neighbour cell was not crossed +- if no threshold was not crossed, then this handover is only added to the measurement of total too late handovers but not to the subcounter indicating the threshold of the serving cell itself was not crossed or the threshold of the neighbour cell was not crossed. + +If only one threshold triggering the measurement report is configured to the UEs for the involved neighbour relation or the UE measurements above are not available, the observed too late handover is only added to the measurement of total too late handovers but not to the subcounter indicating the threshold of the serving cell itself was not crossed or the threshold of the neighbour cell was not crossed. + +d) Each measurement is an integer value. + +e) The measurements are named + +HO.OutFail.TooEarly + +HO.OutFail.TooLate + +Which indicates the total number of too late handovers identified by the eNB according to the definitions in TS 36.300 [12]. + +HO.OutFail.TooLateOwnNotCrossed + +Which indicates the number of too late handovers for which the threshold of the serving cell itself was not crossed. + +HO.OutFail.TooLateNeighborNotCrossed + +Which indicates the number of too late handovers for which the threshold of the neighbor cell was not crossed. + +HO.OutFail.ToWrongCell + +f) EUTRAN Relation + +g) Valid for packet switched traffic + +h) EPS + +#### 4.3.1.4 Intra- / Inter-frequency Handover related measurements + +##### 4.3.1.4.1 Attempted outgoing intra-frequency handovers + +a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing intra-frequency handovers. + +b) CC. + +c) Transmission of the *RRCConnectionReconfiguration* message by the eNB/RN to UE triggering the handover, indicating the attempt of an outgoing intra-frequency handover (see TS 36.331 [8]). + +d) A single integer value. + +e) HO.IntraFreqOutAtt. + +f) EUTRAN Cell FDD + +EUTRAN Cell TDD + +g) Valid for packet switched traffic + +h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.4.2 Successful outgoing intra-frequency handovers + +a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing intra-frequency handovers. + +b) CC. + +c) Receipt of a RRC message *RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete* sent from the UE to the target (=source) eNB/RN, indicating a successful outgoing intra-eNB/RN intra-frequency handover (see TS 36.331 [8]), or receipt at the source eNB/RN of UE CONTEXT RELEASE [10] over the X2 from the target eNB or DeNB following a successful inter-eNB intra-frequency handover, or if handover is performed via S1, receipt of UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND [9] at the source eNB following a successful inter-eNB intra-frequency handover. + +d) A single integer value. + +e) HO.IntraFreqOutSucc + +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.4.3 Attempted outgoing inter-frequency handovers – gap-assisted measurement + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing inter-frequency handovers, when measurement gaps are used [12]. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *RRCConnectionReconfiguration* message by the eNB/RN to UE triggering the handover, indicating the attempt of an outgoing inter-frequency handover when measurement gaps are used (see TS 36.331 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.InterFreqMeasGapOutAtt +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.4.4 Successful outgoing inter-frequency handovers – gap-assisted measurement + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing inter-frequency handovers, when measurement gaps are used [12]. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a RRC message *RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete* sent from the UE to the target (=source) eNB/RN, indicating a successful outgoing intra-eNB/RN inter-frequency handover when measurement gaps are used (see TS 36.331 [8]), or receipt at the source eNB/RN of UE CONTEXT RELEASE [10] over the X2 from the target eNB or DeNB following a successful inter-frequency handover when measurement gaps are used, or if handover is performed via S1, receipt of UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND[9] at the source eNB following a successful inter-frequency handover when measurement gaps are used. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.InterFreqMeasGapOutSucc +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.4.5 Attempted outgoing inter-frequency handovers – non gap-assisted measurement + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing inter-frequency handovers, when measurement gaps are not used [12]. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *RRCConnectionReconfiguration* message by the eNB/RN to UE triggering the handover, indicating the attempt of an outgoing inter-frequency handover when measurement gaps are not used (see TS 36.331 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. + +- e) HO.InterFreqNoMeasGapOutAtt +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.4.6 Successful outgoing inter-frequency handovers – non gap-assisted measurement + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing inter-frequency handovers, when measurement gaps are not used [12]. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a RRC message *RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete* sent from the UE to the target (=source) eNB/RN, indicating a successful outgoing intra-eNB/RN inter-frequency handover when measurement gaps are not used (see TS 36.331 [8]), or receipt at the source eNB/RN of UE CONTEXT RELEASE [10] over the X2 from the target eNB or from DeNB following a successful inter-frequency handover when measurement gaps are not used, or if handover is performed via S1, receipt of UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND[9] at the source eNB following a successful inter-frequency handover when measurement gaps are not used. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.InterFreqNoMeasGapOutSucc +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.3.1.5 Handover related measurements for DRX / non-DRX + +##### 4.3.1.5.1 Attempted outgoing handovers with DRX + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing handovers, when DRX is used (for DRX see [12]). +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *RRCConnectionReconfiguration* message to UE triggering the handover, indicating the attempt of an outgoing handover when DRX is used (see TS 36.331 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.DrxOutAtt +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.5.2 Successful outgoing handovers with DRX + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing handovers, when DRX is used (for DRX see [12]). +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a RRC message *RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete* sent from the UE to the target (=source) eNB, indicating a successful outgoing intra-eNB handover when DRX is used (see TS 36.331 [8]), or receipt at the source eNB of UE CONTEXT RELEASE [10] over the X2 from the target eNB following a successful + +handover when DRX is used, or if handover is performed via S1, receipt of UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND[9] at the source eNB following a successful handover when DRX is used. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.DrxOutSucc +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.5.3 Attempted outgoing handovers non-DRX + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing handovers, when DRX is not used (for DRX see [12]). +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *RRCConnectionReconfiguration* message to UE triggering the handover, indicating the attempt of an outgoing handover when DRX is not used (see TS 36.331 [8]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.NoDrxOutAtt. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.5.4 Successful outgoing handovers non-DRX + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing handovers, when DRX is not used (for DRX see [12]). +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a RRC message *RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete* sent from the UE to the target (=source) eNB, indicating a successful outgoing intra-eNB handover when DRX is not used (see TS 36.331 [8]) when DRX is not used, or receipt at the source eNB of UE CONTEXT RELEASE [10] over the X2 from the target eNB following a successful handover when DRX is not used, or if handover is performed via S1, receipt of UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND[9] at the source eNB following a successful handover when DRX is not used. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.NoDrxOutSucc +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.3.1.6 Handover to cells outside the RN related measurements + +##### 4.3.1.6.1 Attempted preparations of outgoing handovers to the cells outside the RN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted preparations of outgoing handovers to the cells outside the RN. + +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the X2AP message HANDOVER REQUEST by the RN to the DeNB (see TS 36.423[10]), indicating the attempt of an outgoing handover preparation to the cells outside the RN. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.OutRNOUtPrepAtt +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.6.2 Attempted executions of outgoing handover to the cells outside the RN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted executions of outgoing handovers to the cells outside the RN per handover cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *RRC ConnectionReconfiguration* message by the RN to UE triggering the handover from the RN to the cell outside the RN, indicating the attempt of an outgoing handover to the cell outside the RN (see TS 36.331 [8]). +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of attempted executions of outgoing handovers to the cell outside the RN. Each *RRC ConnectionReconfiguration* message transmitted is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.OutRNOUtAtt.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.6.3 Successful executions of outgoing handover to the cells outside the RN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful executions of outgoing handovers to the cells outside the RN per handover cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt at the RN of UE CONTEXT RELEASE [10] over the X2 from the DeNB following a successful handover. Each X2AP UE CONTEXT RELEASE message received is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of executions of outgoing handovers to the cells outside the RN. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.InterRNOUtSucc.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. + +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.3.1.7 Handover triggering measurements + +##### 4.3.1.7.1 Average quality of the serving cell when HO is triggered + +- a) This measurement provides the average quality of the serving cell reported in the UE measurement reports that triggered HO. The average is computed over all measurement reports that triggered HO received during the measurement granularity period. Separate measurement is produced for each measurement quantity {RSRP, RSRQ}. +- b) DER (n=1) +- c) For each UtranRelation, this measurement is obtained by accumulating the value (linear value converted from dbm unit) of the quality of the serving (source) cell (RSRP and RSRQ) in the UE measurement report causing HO on the UtranRelation, and dividing the accumulated value by the number of HO occurrence on the UtranRelation at the end of granularity period, and converting the value back to dbm unit from linear value. Separate measurement is provided for RSRP and for RSRQ. +- d) Each measurement is a single integer value in dBm (RSRP) or dB (RSRQ) +- e) HO.SrcCellQual.RSRP +HO.SrcCellQual.RSRQ +- f) EUTranRelation +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.1.7.2 Average quality of the neighboring cell when HO is triggered + +- a) This measurement provides the average quality of the neighbor cell that triggered HO (target HO cell) reported in the UE measurement reports. The average is computed over all measurement reports that triggered HO during the measurement granularity period. Separate measurement is produced for each measurement quantity {RSRP, RSRQ}. +- b) DER (n=1) +- c) For each UtranRelation, this measurement is obtained by accumulating the value (linear value converted from dbm unit) of the quality of neighbor (target) cell (RSRP, RSRQ) in the UE measurement report causing HO to the subject neighbor (target) cell on the UtranRelation, and dividing the accumulated value by the number of HO occurrence on the UtranRelation at the end of granularity period, and converting the value back to dbm unit from linear value. Separate measurement is provided for RSRP and for RSRQ. +- d) Each measurement is a single integer value in dBm (RSRP) or dB (RSRQ) +- e) HO.TrgetCellQual.RSRP +HO.TrgetCellQual.RSRQ +- f) EUTranRelation +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.3.2 Inter-RAT Handovers + +#### 4.3.2.1 Measurements related to inter-RAT Handovers – target cell of 3GPP and non-3GPP network technology + +##### 4.3.2.1.1 Attempted outgoing inter-RAT handovers per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing inter-RAT handovers per cause and target cell specific. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *MobilityFromEUTRACommand* message or the *HandoverFromEUTRAPreparationRequest* message from the serving eNB/RN to the UE indicating the attempt of an outgoing handover from EUTRAN to UTRAN or to GERAN or to CDMA2000 (see TS 36.331 [8]). Each *MobilityFromEUTRACommand* message or *HandoverFromEUTRAPreparationRequest* message transmitted is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing inter-RAT handover events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. All IRAT handovers to the neighbouring cells in non-eUTRAN networks are measured. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) HO.IartOutAtt.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +GSMRelation +UTRANRelation +CDMA2000Relation +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.3.2.1.2 Successful outgoing inter-RAT handovers per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing inter-RAT handovers per cause target cell specific. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a S1AP message UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND sent from the MME/DeNB to the source eNB, indicating a successful IRAT handover (see TS 36.413 [9]). Each UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND message received is added to the relevant per handover cause measurement, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [9]. +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing inter-RAT handover events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. All IRAT handovers to the neighbouring cells in non-eUTRAN are measured. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) HO.IartOutSucc.Cause +where *Cause* indicating the cause for handover. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +GSMRelation +UTRANRelation +CDMA2000Relation +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic + +h) EPS + +##### 4.3.2.1.3 Number of outgoing unnecessary handovers related with inter-RAT MRO + +- a) This measurement provides the number of outgoing unnecessary handovers to another RAT from E-UTRAN related with inter-RAT MRO. +- b) CC +- c) The measurement is obtained by accumulating the number of outgoing unnecessary handovers to another RAT from E-UTRAN according to the definitions in TS 36.300 [12] and TS 36.413[9]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) HO.IratOutUnnecessaryFromEutran +- f) GSMRelation +UTRANRelation +CDMA2000Relation +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the PM for inter-RAT MRO defined in TS 32.522[15]. + +## 4.4 Cell level radio bearer QoS related measurements + +### 4.4.1 Cell PDCP SDU bit-rate + +#### 4.4.1.1 Average DL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate + +- a) This measurement provides the average cell bit-rate of PDCP SDUs on the downlink. This represents the ingress rate of user plane traffic to the eNodeB/RN (via X2 or S1). The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the number of bits entering the eNodeB/RN, and then dividing the sum by the measurement period. The measurement is performed at the PDCP SDU level. PDCP SDUs that are forwarded over the X2/S1 to another eNodeB during handover shall be deducted from the bit count – if this results in a negative bit count the bit count shall be set to zero. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total DL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the bit-rate measured in kb/s. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduBitrateDL.QCI where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.4.1.2 Average UL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate + +- a) This measurement provides the average cell bit-rate of PDCP SDUs on the uplink. This represents successful transmissions of user plane traffic; control signalling and retransmissions are excluded from this measure. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC + +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the number of bits leaving the eNodeB/RN on the X2 or S1 interface, and then dividing the sum by the measurement period. The measurement is performed at the PDCP SDU level. PDCP SDUs that were not received over the air interface in the cell (but were forwarded from another eNodeB during handover) are excluded from the count. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total UL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the bit-rate measured in kb/s. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduBitrateUl.QCI where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.4.1.3 Maximum DL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum cell bit-rate of PDCP SDUs on the downlink. This represents the maximum ingress rate of user plane traffic to the eNodeB/RN (via X2 or S1). This is a sum counter measured across all QCIs. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at pre-defined intervals the DL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate summed across all QCIs (see clause 4.4.1.1), and then taking the arithmetic maximum of these samples. +- d) A single integer value representing the maximum bit-rate measured in kb/s. +- e) DRB.PdcpSduBitrateDIMax +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.4.1.4 Maximum UL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum cell bit-rate of PDCP SDUs measured on the uplink. This represents successful transmissions of user plane traffic; control signalling and retransmissions are excluded from this measure. This is a sum counter measured across all QCIs. +- b) SI +- c) The measurement is obtained by sampling at pre-defined intervals the UL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate summed across all QCIs (see clause 4.4.1.2), and then taking the arithmetic maximum of these samples. +- d) A single integer value representing the maximum bit-rate measured in kb/s. +- e) DRB.PdcpSduBitrateUIMax +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.4.1.5 Average DL cell control plane PDCP SDU bit-rate + +- i) This measurement provides the average cell bit-rate of control plane PDCP SDUs on the downlink. +- j) CC. +- k) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the number of received control plane PDCP SDU bits by the eNodeB/RN, including the control plane PDCP SDU bits received from S1 and RRC SAP, and then dividing the sum by the measurement period. +- l) An single integer value in kb/s. +- m) SRB.PdcpSduBitrateDL +- n) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- o) Valid for packet switching. +- p) EPS + +#### 4.4.1.6 Average UL cell control plane PDCP SDU bit-rate + +- a) This measurement provides the average cell bit-rate of control plane PDCP SDUs on the uplink. +This represents successful transmissions of control plane traffic; +- b) CC. +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the number of transmitted uplink control plane PDCP SDU bits by the eNodeB/RN, and then dividing the sum by the measurement period. +- d) An single integer value in kb/s. +- e) SRB.PdcpSduBitrateUL +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +### 4.4.2 Active UEs + +#### 4.4.2.1 Average number of active UEs on the DL + +- a) This measurement provides the average number of UEs that have DTCH data queued on the downlink. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). For an eNodeB serving one or more RNs, the measurement refers to the number of active UEs connected directly to the eNodeB, excluding RNs. The measurement is also applicable to RNs. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11]. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form +DRB.UActiveDL.QCI +where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.4.2.2 Average number of active UEs on the UL + +- a) This measurement provides the average number of UEs that have DTCH data queued on the uplink. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). For an eNodeB serving one or more RNs, the measurement refers to the number of active UEs connected directly to the eNodeB, excluding RNs. The measurement is also applicable to RNs. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11]. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form + DRB.UEActiveUl.QCI + where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD + EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.4.3 Packet Delay and Drop Rate + +#### 4.4.3.1 Average DL PDCP SDU delay + +- a) This measurement provides the average (arithmetic mean) PDCP SDU delay on the downlink. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). If there is one or more RNs served in a cell, for that cell the eNodeB performs each measurement separately for packets transmitted between the eNodeB and UEs and for packets transmitted between the E-UTRAN and RNs. The measurement is also applicable to RNs. +- b) DER (n=1) +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the mean delay in ms. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form + DRB.PdcpSduDelayDl.QCI, which indicates the PDCP SDU delay between the eNodeB (or RN) and UE + DRB.PdcpSduDelayDirN.QCI, which indicates the PDCP SDU delay between the E-UTRAN and RN. + where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD + EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.4.3.2 DL PDCP SDU drop rate + +- a) This measurement provides the fraction of IP packets (PDCP SDUs) which are dropped on the downlink. Only user-plane traffic (DTCH) is considered. A dropped packet is one whose context is removed from the eNodeB/RN without any part of it having been transmitted on the air interface. Packets discarded during handover are excluded from the count. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) SI + +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11]. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a drop rate subcounter calculated across all QCIs will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the drop rate multiplied by 1E6. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduDropRateDl.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the target E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.4.4 Packet loss rate + +#### 4.4.4.1 DL PDCP SDU air interface loss rate + +- a) This measurement provides the fraction of IP packets (PDCP SDUs) which are lost (not successfully transmitted) on the downlink air interface. Only user-plane traffic (DTCH) is considered. A lost packet is one whose context is removed from the eNodeB/RN after an attempt has been made to transmit part or all of the packet on the air interface but the whole packet has not been successfully transmitted. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). The packets transmitted between the eNodeB (or RN) and UEs and the packets transmitted between E-UTRAN and RN are counted separately. The measurement is also applicable to RNs. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11]. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a loss rate subcounter calculated across all QCIs will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the air interface loss rate multiplied by 1E6. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduAirLossRateDl.*QCI*, which indicates the DL PDCP SDU air interface loss rate between the eNodeB (or RN) and UE + DRB.PdcpSduAirLossRateDirN.*QCI*, which indicates the DL PDCP SDU air interface loss rate between the E-UTRAN and RN. + where *QCI* identifies the target E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.4.4.2 UL PDCP SDU loss rate + +- a) This measurement provides the fraction of IP packets (PDCP SDUs) which are lost (not successfully received) on the uplink. Only user-plane traffic (DTCH) and only PDCP SDUs that have entered PDCP (and given a PDCP sequence number) are considered. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). The packets transmitted between the eNodeB and UEs and the packets transmitted between E-UTRAN and RN are counted separately. The measurement is also applicable to RNs. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11]. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a loss rate subcounter calculated across all QCIs will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the loss rate multiplied by 1E6. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduLossRateUl.QCI, which indicates the UL PDCP SDU loss rate between the eNodeB (or RN) and UE +DRB.PdcpSduLossRateUIRN.QCI, which indicates the UL PDCP SDU loss rate between the E-UTRAN and RN. where QCI identifies the target E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.4.5 IP Latency measurements + +#### 4.4.5.1 IP Latency in DL, E-RAB level + +- a) This measurement provides IP Latency in DL on E-RAB level. +- b) CC +- c) This measurement is obtained by the following formula for E-RABs + +$$\frac{\text{LatTime}}{\text{LatSample}}$$ + +LatTime is obtained by accumulating the time T for E-RABs + +$$T = t_{\text{first part of data volume transmitted}} - t_{\text{data received}} \text{ [ms]}$$ + +The sample of “T” is made for the new arrived IP data block (PDCP SDU) when there is no other prior data to be transmitted to the same UE in the eNodeB/RN . + +LatSample is obtained by accumulating the number of Latency samples taken on the E-RAB level + +The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the time in ms. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.IpLateDl.QCI where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the Integrity KPI “E-UTRAN IP Latency” defined in [13] + +### 4.4.6 IP Throughput measurements + +#### 4.4.6.1 IP Throughput in DL + +- a) This measurement provides IP throughput in downlink. For an eNodeB serving one or more RNs, packets transmitted between the E-UTRAN and RNs are excluded, i.e., only packets transmitted between the eNodeB (or RN) and UEs are counted. The measurement is also applicable to RN. +- b) DER(N=1) +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the following formula based on the “ThpVoIdI” and “ThpTimeDl” defined for the “Scheduled IP Throughput in DL” in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11] for each QCI. + +$$\text{If } \sum_{\text{UEs}} \sum \text{ThpTimeDl} > 0, \frac{\sum_{\text{UEs}} \sum \text{ThpVolDl}}{\sum_{\text{UEs}} \sum \text{ThpTimeDl}} \times 1000 \text{ [kbits/s]}$$ + +$$\text{If } \sum_{\text{UEs}} \sum \text{ThpTimeDl} = 0, 0 \text{ [kbits/s]}$$ + +- d) Each measurement is a real value representing the throughput in kbits/s. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs. +- e) The measurement name has the form +DRB.IPThpDl.QCI +where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the Integrity KPI “E-UTRAN IP Throughput” defined in [13]. + +#### 4.4.6.2 IP Throughput in UL + +- a) This measurement provides IP throughput in uplink. For an eNodeB serving one or more RNs, packets transmitted between the E-UTRAN and RNs are excluded, i.e., only packets transmitted between the eNodeB (or RN) and UEs are counted. The measurement is also applicable to RN +- b) DER(N=1) +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the following formula based on the “ThpVolUl” and “ThpTimeUl” defined for the “Scheduled IP Throughput inUL” in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11] for each QCI. + +$$\text{If } \sum_{\text{UEs}} \sum \text{ThpTimeUl} > 0, \frac{\sum_{\text{UEs}} \sum \text{ThpVolUl}}{\sum_{\text{UEs}} \sum \text{ThpTimeUl}} \times 1000 \text{ [kbits/s]}$$ + +$$\text{If } \sum_{\text{UEs}} \sum \text{ThpTimeUl} = 0, 0 \text{ [kbits/s]}$$ + +- d) Each measurement is a real value representing the volume in kbits. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs. +- e) The measurement name has the form +DRB.IPThpUl.QCI +where QCI identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the Integrity KPI “E-UTRAN IP Throughput” defined in [13]. + +## 4.5 Radio resource utilization related measurements + +### 4.5.1 DL PRB Usage for traffic + +- a) This measurement provides the usage (in percentage) of physical resource blocks (PRBs) on the downlink for DTCH traffic. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). If there is one or more RNs served in a cell, for that cell the eNodeB performs PRB usage measurements separately for all traffic (including transmissions to/from RNs and UEs directly connected to the eNodeB) and for RN traffic. The measurement is also applicable to RNs. +- b) SI + +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11]. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total PRB usage for DTCH. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value from 0 to 100. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form +*RRU.PrbDL.QCI, which indicates the DL PRB Usage for all traffic* +*RRU.PrbDIRN.QCI, which indicates the DL PRB Usage for the RN traffic* + where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.5.2 UL PRB Usage for traffic + +- a) This measurement provides the usage (in percentage) of physical resource blocks (PRBs) on the uplink for DTCH traffic. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). If there is one or more RNs served in a cell, for that cell the eNodeB performs PRB usage measurements separately for all traffic (including transmissions to/from RNs and UEs directly connected to the eNodeB) and for RN traffic. The measurement is also applicable to RNs. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11]. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total PRB usage for DTCH. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value from 0 to 100. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form +*RRU.PrbUL.QCI, which indicates the UL PRB Usage for all traffic* +*RRU.PrbUIRN.QCI, which indicates the UL PRB Usage for the RN traffic* + where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.5.3 DL Total PRB Usage + +- a) This measurement provides the total usage (in percentage) of physical resource blocks (PRBs) on the downlink for any purpose. If there is one or more RNs served in a cell, for that cell the eNodeB performs PRB usage measurements separately for all traffic (including transmissions to/from RNs and UEs directly connected to the eNodeB) and for RN traffic. The measurement is also applicable to RNs. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11]. +- d) A single integer value from 0 to 100. +- e) *RRU.PrbTotDL, which indicates the DL PRB Usage for all traffic* +*RRU.PrbTotDIRN, which indicates the DL PRB Usage for the RN traffic* + +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.5.4 UL Total PRB Usage + +- a) This measurement provides the total usage (in percentage) of physical resource blocks (PRBs) on the uplink for any purpose. If there is one or more RNs served in a cell, for that cell the eNodeB performs PRB usage measurements separately for all traffic (including transmissions to/from RNs and UEs directly connected to the eNodeB) and for RN traffic. The measurement is also applicable to RNs. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [11]. +- d) A single integer value from 0 to 100. +- e) RRU.PrbTotUl, *which indicates the UL PRB Usage for all traffic* +RRU.PrbTotUIRN, *which indicates the UL PRB Usage for the RN traffic* +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.5.5 RACH Usage + +#### 4.5.5.1 Mean number of RACH preambles received + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of RACH preambles received in a cell in one second. Separate counts are provided for dedicated preambles, randomly chosen preambles in group A (aka “low range”) and randomly chosen preambles in group B (aka “high range”). +- b) Gauge +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 36.314 [11]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) RRU.RachPreambleDedMean +RRU.RachPreambleAMean +RRU.RachPreambleBMean +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.5.5.2 Distribution of RACH preambles sent + +- a) This measurement provides the distribution of number of RACH preambles sent by the UE as reported by the UEs inside the *UEInformationResponse* message +- b) CC +- c) This measurement is obtained by incrementing the measurement bin corresponding to the value of IE *numberOfPreamblesSent-r9* ([8] clause 6.2.2) reported by UE inside *UEInformationResponse* message. The + +measurement is incremented each time a *UEInformationResponse* message containing *rach-Report-r9* IE is received. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. + +- e) RRU.RachPreambleDist.BinX + +where BinX represents the bin. + +Note: Number of bins and the range for each bin is left to implementation. + +- f) EUTranCellFDD + +EUTranCellTDD + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic + +- h) EPS + +#### 4.5.5.3 Distribution of RACH access delay + +- a) This measurement provides the distribution of number of the time before UEs in a cell achieve a successful attach. The RACH access delay is the time from when a UE sends its first Random Access Preamble until the UE receives the Random Access Response. + +- b) CC + +- c) This measurement is obtained by incrementing the measurement bin corresponding to the access delay experienced by the UE. The access delay is calculated based upon the value of IE *numberOfPreamblesSent* and IE *contentionDetected* reported by UE inside *UEInformationResponse* message ([8] clause 6.2.2). The measurement is incremented each time a *UEInformationResponse* message containing *rach-Report-r9* IE is received. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. + +- e) RRU.RachAccessDelayDist.BinX + +where BinX represents the bin. + +Note: Number of bins and the range for each bin is left to implementation. + +- f) EUTranCellFDD + +EUTranCellTDD + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic + +- h) EPS + +#### 4.5.5.4 Percentage of contentious RACH attempts + +- a) This measurement provides the percentage of *UEInformationResponse* messages received within the measurement granularity interval with *contentionDetected* IE set to TRUE. + +- b) SI + +- c) When *UEInformationResponse* message ([8] clause 6.2.1) containing *rachReport-r9* IE is received the measurement is updated. + +- d) Percentage + +- e) RRU.RachContentionReported + +- f) EUTranCellFDD + +EUTranCellTDD + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic + +- h) EPS + +#### 4.5.5.5 Number of UE RACH reports received + +- a) This measurement provides the number of *UEInformationResponse* messages received within the measurement granularity interval containing *rachReport-r9* IE. +- b) CC +- c) When *UEInformationResponse* message ([8] clause 6.2.1) containing *rachReport-r9* IE is received the measurement is incremented by one. +- d) Single integer value +- e) RRU.RachReportCount +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.5.5.6 Percentage of time when all dedicated RACH preambles are used + +- a) This measurement provides the percentage of time when all dedicated RACH preambles are assigned to UEs. +- b) SI +- c) During each measurement granularity interval the percentage of time during which all dedicated RACH preambles were assigned to UEs is computed. +- d) Percentage +- e) RRU.RachDedicatedPreamblesAssigned +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.5.6 Cell Unavailable Time + +- a) This measurement provides the length of time the cell has been unavailable for each cause. +- b) DER (n=1) +- c) This measurement is obtained by accumulating the time periods when the cell is unavailable per cause. The possible cause could be “manual intervention”, “fault” and “energy saving”. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total time periods of cell unavailability. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value (in seconds). The number of measurements is equal to the number of supported causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRU.CellUnavailableTime.cause. +Where *cause* identifies the cause resulting in cell unavailable. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support KPI “E-UTRAN Cell Availability” defined in [13]. + +### 4.5.7 TB related measurements + +#### 4.5.7.1 Total Number of DL TBs + +- a) This measurement provides the total number of TBs transmitted on the downlink in a cell. HARQ retransmissions are excluded from this measurement. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the eNodeB/RN of TB to UE during the period of measurement. (see 36.321 [16]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) TB.TotNbrDl +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.5.7.2 Error Number of DL TBs + +- a) This measurement provides the number of faulty TBs transmitted on the downlink in a cell. HARQ retransmissions are excluded from this measurement. +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the eNodeB/RN of a NACK from UE which indicates a faulty reception of TB by UE during the period of measurement. (see 36.321 [16]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) TB.ErrNbrDl +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.5.7.3 Total Number of UL TBs + +- a) This measurement provides the total number of TBs on the uplink in a cell. HARQ retransmissions are excluded from this measurement. +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the eNodeB/RN of TB from UE during the period of measurement. (see 36.321 [16]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) TB.TotNbrUl +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.5.7.4 Error Number of UL TBs + +- a) This measurement provides the number of faulty TBs on the uplink in a cell. HARQ retransmissions are excluded from this measurement. + +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the eNodeB/RN of a TB on which CRC fails from UE during the period of measurement. (see 36.321 [16]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) TB.ErrNbrUI +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.5.8 Power utilization measurements + +#### 4.5.8.1 Maximum carrier transmit power + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum carrier transmit power in the measurement granularity interval. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained by retaining the maximum value of the total carrier power transmitted in the cell within the measurement granularity period. The power includes all radio power transmitted, included common channels, traffic channels, control channels. The value is expressed in dBm. +- d) Float in dBm. +- e) CARR.MaxTxPwr +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +#### 4.5.8.2 Mean carrier transmit power + +- a) This measurement provides the mean carrier transmit power in the measurement granularity interval. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained by computing the mean value of the total carrier power transmitted in the cell within the measurement granularity period. The power includes all radio power transmitted, included common channels, traffic channels, control channels. The value is expressed in dBm. +- d) Float in dBm. +- e) CARR.AvgTxPwr +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +### 4.5.9 PRB Full Utilisation + +#### 4.5.9.1 DL PRB full utilisation + +- a) This measurement provides the percentage of time during which all available PRBs for traffic on the downlink have been assigned. + +- b) SI +- c) This measurement represents the percentage of time during the measurement granularity interval during which all available PRBs for downlink traffic have been assigned to UEs. +- d) A single integer value from 0 to 100. +- e) RRU.PrbCongestionDl +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.5.9.2 UL PRB full utilisation + +- a) This measurement provides the percentage of time during which all available PRBs for traffic on the uplink have been assigned. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement represents the percentage of time during the measurement granularity interval during which all available PRBs for uplink traffic have been assigned to UEs. +- d) A single integer value from 0 to 100. +- e) RRU.PrbCongestionUl +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +## 4.6 UE-associated logical S1-connection related measurements + +### 4.6.1 UE-associated logical S1-connection establishment + +#### 4.6.1.1 Attempted UE-associated logical S1-connection establishment from eNB to MME + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted UE-associated logical S1-connection establishments from eNB to MME. +- b) CC +- c) Transmission of an INITIAL UE MESSAGE by the eNodeB to the MME (See 36.413 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) S1SIG.ConnEstabAtt +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the Accessibility KPI “E-RAB Accessibility” defined in [13]. + +#### 4.6.1.2 Successful UE-associated logical S1-connection establishment from eNB to MME + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE-associated logical S1-connection establishments from eNB to MME. +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the eNB of first message from MME which succeeds INITIAL UE MESSAGE message on an UE-associated logical S1-connection (See 36.413 [9]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) S1SIG.ConnEstabSucc +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS +- i) This measurement is to support the Accessibility KPI “E-RAB Accessibility” defined in [13] + +## 4.7 Paging related measurements + +### 4.7.1 Paging Performance + +#### 4.7.1.1 Number of paging records discarded at the eNodeB/RN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of paging records that are discarded at the eNB/RN for paging occasions in each cell. +- b) CC +- c) Reception of a SIAP PAGING message from MME/DeNB, see TS 36.413[9], with UE identity which satisfies the following formulae from TS 36.304 [14]. + +$$X = (T \text{ div } N) * (UE\_ID \bmod N)$$ + +$$Y = \text{floor}(UE\_ID/N) \bmod N_s$$ + +AND the maximum number of paging records that can be queued for each paging occasion has been reached. + +- d) A single integer value. +- e) PAG. DiscardedNbr +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) EPS + +#### 4.7.1.2 Number of paging records received by the eNodeB/RN + +- a) This measurement provides the number of paging records that are received by the eNB/RN for paging occasions in each cell. +- b) CC +- c) Reception of a SIAP PAGING message from MME/DeNB, see TS 36.413[9]. +- d) A single integer value. + +- e) PAG.ReceivedNbr +- f) EUtranCellFDD +EUtranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) EPS + +## 4.8 Measurements related to equipment resources + +### 4.8.1 eNodeB/RN processor usage + +#### 4.8.1.1 Mean processor usage + +- a) This measurement provides the mean usage of each key processor during the granularity period. Each equipment may have more than one key processor, how to indentify key processor is vendor specific. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the usage of the processor and then taking the arithmetic mean for each key processor. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value (Unit: %). +- e) EQPT.MeanProcessorUsage.*ProcessorID* +where *ProcessorID* identifies the key processor of this equipment, the format of *ProcessorID* is vendor specific. +- f) ManagedElement. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) EPS. + +#### 4.8.1.2 Peak processor usage + +- a) This measurement provides the peak usage of each key processor during the granularity period. Each equipment may have more than one key processor, how to indentify key processor is vendor specific. +- b) SI. +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the usage of the processor and then taking the maximum for each key processor. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value (Unit: %). +- e) EQPT.PeakProcessorUsage.*ProcessorID* +where *ProcessorID* identifies the key processor of this equipment, the format of *ProcessorID* is vendor specific. +- f) ManagedElement. +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. +- h) EPS. + +## 4.9 Common LAs of overlapping RAT's coverage + +### 4.9.1 Number of incoming IRAT mobility events per LA + +- a) This measurement provides the number of incoming IRAT mobility events per E-UTRAN cell. This measurement is split into subcounters per LA. +- b) CC. + +- c) On receipt by the eNB from UE of an RRCConnectionSetupComplete message in which the most significant bit of the “mmegi” in “RegisteredMME” IE is “0” (see TS 36.331 [8]). Each RRCConnectionSetupComplete message received is added to the relevant per LAI measurement. This definition is only applicable to the EUTRAN cells of which the adjacent (including overlaid) RAT is set the most significant bit of the with zero. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) RRC.IratIncMobility.LAI +where LAI identifies the LAI of the RAT’s coverage the UE comes from. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +## 4.10 RF Measurements + +### 4.10.1 CQI Distribution + +#### 4.10.1.0 General + +In CA, in case the CQI of SCell is reported to PCell via PUCCH, the CQI is counted to the reported SCell (but not to the PCell). + +#### 4.10.1.1 Wideband CQI distribution + +- a) This measurement provides the distribution of the Wideband CQI (Channel Quality Indicator) reported by UEs in the cell. +- b) CC. +- c) This measurement is obtained by incrementing the appropriate measurement bin when a wideband CQI value is reported by a UE in the cell. When spatial multiplexing is used, CQI for both code words should be considered. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CARR.WBCQIDist.BinX +where X represents the CQI value (0 to 15). +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +#### 4.10.1.2 Average sub-band CQI + +- a) This measurement provides the average value of the sub-band CQI (Channel Quality Indicator) reported by UEs in the cell. + +A subband is a set of k contiguous PRBs where k is a function of system bandwidth. Note the last subband in set S may have fewer than k contiguous PRBs depending on $N_{RB}^{DL}$ . The number of subbands for system bandwidth given by $N_{RB}^{DL}$ is defined by $N = \lceil N_{RB}^{DL} / k \rceil$ . The subbands shall be indexed in the order of increasing frequency and non-increasing sizes starting at the lowest frequency. + +- b) CC +- c) This measurement is obtained by computing the average value of the sub-band CQI reported by UEs in the cell within the measurement granularity period. One value is produced for each sub-band. The number of sub-bands + +depends on the bandwidth used, as specified in [18]. When spatial multiplexing is used, CQI for both code words should be considered. + +- d) Float value. +- e) CARR.AvgSubCQI.SubbandX +where SubbandX represents the sub-band index, as specified in [18]. +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +### 4.10.2 Timing Advance Distribution + +- a) This measurement provides the distribution of the Timing Advance ( $T_A$ ) values transmitted by the eNB to UEs in the cell. +- b) CC. +- c) This measurement is obtained by incrementing the appropriate measurement bin when a Timing Advance Command is sent to a UE in the cell. For Timing Advance Command see [16] clause 6.1.3.5. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CARR.TADist.BinX +where X represents the $T_A$ value (0 to 63). +- f) EUTranCellFDD +EUTranCellTDD +- g) Valid for packet switching. +- h) EPS + +# --- 5 Measurements related to Relay Node + +## 5.1 DeNB Reconfiguration related measurements + +### 5.1.1 RN Reconfiguration + +#### 5.1.1.1 Number of RNReconfiguration attempts + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RNReconfiguration attempts sent by DeNB. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the DeNB of a RNReconfiguration message to RN. Each RNReconfiguration message received is added to the relevant measurement. The message is included in 3GPP TS 36.331 [8]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.RNReconAttNbr. +- f) DeNBCapability +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 5.1.1.2 Number of RNReconfiguration Completed + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RNReconfiguration completed received by DeNB +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the DeNB of a RNReconfigurationComplete message from RN. Each RNReconfigurationComplete message received is added to the relevant measurement. The message is included in 3GPP TS 36.331 [8]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.RNReconCmptNbr +- f) DeNBCapability +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +# --- Annex A (informative): Use cases for performance measurements definition + +This annex provides the concrete use cases for the E-UTRAN performance measurements defined in clause 4. + +Without particular constraint, the following use cases defined for eNodeB apply to following scenarios + +- 1) eNodeB serving one or more Relay Nodes +- 2) eNodeB without serving any Relay Node +- 3) eNodeB or Relay Node supporting Carrier Aggregation +- 4) eNodeB or Relay Node not supporting Carrier Aggregation + +If the specific constraint is present, which one of the above scenarios the subject use case applies to, is following the constraint. + +## --- A.1 Monitor of call(/session) setup performance + +Call(/session) setup is one of most important step to start delivering services by the networks to users. + +The success or failure of a call(/session) setup directly impacts the quality level for delivering the service by the networks, and also the feeling of the end user. So the success or failure of call(/session) setup needs be monitored, this can be achieved by the calculation of call setup success rate which gives a direct view to evaluate the call setup performance, and the analysis of the specific reason causing the failure to find out the problem and ascertain the solutions. + +In addition, the time duration of the call(/session) setup need to be monitored as it impacts the end user experience, and by comparison with operator's benchmark requirements, the optimization may be required according the performance. + +And due to different priority and tolerance for different service type with different OoS level in the networks, the monitor needs to be opened on each service type and OoS level. + +To complete the call(/session) setup procedure, E-UTRAN is mainly responsible for the establishment of radio and S1 signaling connection and service bearer by the RRC connection establishment (See 3GPP TS 36.331[8]), RRC connection reestablishment after RRC connection dropped due to some reasons like radio link failure or handover failure etc (See 3GPP TS 36.331[8]) E-RAB setup (See 3GPP TS 36.413[9]) and Initial UE Context Setup (See 3GPP TS 36.413[9]) procedure. + +To support the monitor of success or failure of the call(/session) setup, the performance measurements related to RRC connection establishment (See 3GPP TS 36.331[8]), RRC connection reestablishment (See 3GPP TS 36.331[8]) procedure, and the performance measurements related to E-RAB setup (See 3GPP TS 36.413[9]) and Initial UE Context Setup (See 3GPP TS 36.413[9]) procedure for each QoS level are required To support the monitor of time duration of setup call(/session) setup, the performance measurements related to RRC connection setup time and E-RAB setup time are required. + +## --- A.2 Monitor of E-RAB release + +E-RAB is the key and limited resource for E-UTRAN to deliver services. The release of the E-RAB needs to be monitored as: + +- an abnormal release of the E-RAB will cause the call(/session) drop, which directly impacts the QoS delivered by the networks, and the satisfaction degree of the end user; +- a successfully released E-RAB can be used to setup other requested calls(/sessions). The E-RAB failed to be released will still occupy the limited resource and hence it can not be used to admit other requested calls(/sessions). + +From a retainability measurement aspect, E-RABs do not need to be released because they are inactive, they can be kept to give fast access when new data arrives. + +To define (from an E-RAB release measurement point of view) if an E-RAB is considered active or not, the E-RABs can be divided into two groups: + +- a. Continuous flow, E-RABs that are always considered active, i.e. independent of if there is ongoing traffic or not at the moment. Examples: VoIP sessions, Real-time sessions, Live streaming sessions. +- b. Bursty flow, E-RABs that are only considered active when there is data in UL/DL buffer. Example: Web sessions. + +How to decide for a particular QCI if the E-RAB is of type bursty flow or continuous flow is outside the scope of this document. + +The specific reason causing the abnormal and failed release of the E-RAB is required in order to find out the problem and ascertain the solutions. And due to different priority and tolerance for different service type with different OoS level in the networks, the monitor needs to be opened on each service type with OoS level. + +The E-RAB can be released by E-RAB Release procedure (See 3GPP TS 36.413[9]), UE Context Release procedure (See 3GPP TS 36.413[9] and 3GPP TS 36.423[10]) procedure, Reset procedure (See 3GPP TS 36.413[9]) either initiated by eNodeB or MM, Path Switch procedure (See 3GPP TS 36.413[9]) and Intra-eNB HO procedure (See 3GPP TS 36.331[8])E. + +So performance measurements related to E-RAB Release (See 3GPP TS 36.413[9]) and UE Context Release (See 3GPP TS 36.413[9]) procedure for each service type with QoS level are necessary to support the monitor of E-RAB release. + +## A.3 Monitor of E-RAB level QoS modification + +When an E-RAB has been established, the QoS it experiences in the E-UTRAN is dependent upon the E-RAB level QoS parameters established for the bearer, together with settings of other bearers established in the same cell. If the QoS experienced by a bearer does not meet the expected performance, or the resource need be reassigned for other bearers, the E-RAB level QoS may be adjusted (typically with a knock-on effect onto other bearers). + +So the modification of E-RAB level QoS parameters needs to be monitored, and due to different priority and tolerance for different service type with different OoS level in the networks, the monitor needs to be opened on each target service type with OoS level. + +The E-RAB level QoS can be modified by E-RAB Modify procedure (see 3GPP TS 36.413[9]), in which the MME entity instructs the eNodeB to change one or more QoS parameters on an E-RAB using the E-RAB MODIFY REQUEST message. The eNodeB typically makes the adjustments as instructed (and adjusts the RRM applied to the bearer appropriately) but in some circumstances the bearer modification can fail. The eNodeB returns an E-RAB MODIFY RESPONSE message that tells the MME whether the modification was successful or not – for an unsuccessful modification a cause value is included. It is important for OAM to measure the failure rate of the bearer modifications, this information can be used, for example, to make adjustments to OAM CM settings. + +## A.4 Overview handover related Use Cases + +| Use Case | PM KPI / elementary object | +|----------|----------------------------| +|----------|----------------------------| + +| | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +|

Continuous Network Supervision: Supervision of overall handover performance. It is essential in network operations to follow the success rate of various handover. Low handover success rate will impact user experience, therefore it is important to define measurements to follow handover success rate.

|
  • - outgoing Intra RAT HO Success Rate (cell) *1
  • - outgoing Inter RAT HO Success Rate (cell) *1
  • - outgoing Inter System HO Success Rate (cell) *1 *3
  • - outgoing Intra Frequency HO Success Rate (cell) *1
  • - outgoing Inter Frequency HO Success Rate (cell) *1
  • - outgoing Intra eNB/RN HO Success Rate (cell) *2 *2.1
  • - outgoing Inter eNB HO Success Rate (cell) *2 *2.2
  • - outgoing HO to the cells outside the RN

*1: It is expected that the HO success rate may vary depending on the respective scenarios : intra-RAT, inter-RAT, inter System, intra frequency, inter frequency

*2: it is expected that the HO success rate may vary depending on the used external interfaces

*2.1: For the intra-DeNB handover, the handover from a DeNB cell to an RN under the same DeNB shall be counted separately as the handover happens between E-UTRAN and RN.

*2.2: For the handover from the DeNB to another eNB/DeNB, the forwarded handovers for RN in the source DeNB shall not be counted as these handovers are controlled by RN so cannot directly reflect DeNB handover performance.

*3: inter system : LTE- non 3GPP HO

| +|

Continuous Network Supervision: Supervision of the signal strength when handovers are triggered. This information is useful for evaluating the customer experience (e.g. throughput) at the cell edge and during handover as well for network planning purposes (e.g. signal strength at the cell edge).
Troubleshooting: detect a "bad" configuration/neighbor in a particular direction by analyzing abnormal measurement report causing HO.

|

Signal strength of the serving and neighbouring cell reported by the UE in handover triggering measurement reports in EUtranRelation..

| +|

Troubleshooting: Detection of bad handover relation. The first use case provides the overall performance of handover success rate on E-UTRAN cell level, but it is essential to get a knowledge between which cell pairs the handover success rate is low. Therefore it is important to know the success rate on neighbor cell relation basis.

|
  • - HO Success Rate (neighbourcell)
| +|

Troubleshooting: Reason for started handover

To go for further analysis of handover failures, it is essential to know what causes the handovers. For this we need to know the success rate of handovers per HO reason.

|
  • - outgoing HO Success Rate per HO reason ( neighbor cell) *4

*4 different results expected e.g. emergency or normal HO

| +|

Troubleshooting: Reason for failed handover. To go for further detailed analysis for handover failure it is important to know what the reason for handover failure was, or whether the handover was assisted by measurement gaps or was with DRX.

|
  • - outgoing HO Failure Distribution Rate (cell+neighbourcell)
  • - HO Path Switching Failure Distribution Rate (cell or Interface)
  • - HO Failure Rate DRX / Non DRX (cell) *5
  • - Inter frequency HO Failure Rate Meas gap assisted / not assisted (cell) *5
| + +| | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| It is also important to know if measurement gaps and DRX are helping in handover procedure or not. (i.e. what is the handover failure rate if measurement gaps are switched on. Measurement gaps and DRX can cause more load and battery consumption to the UE, therefore if these are not causing any changes in handover failure rate, operators may not use them) | *5: measurement only on cell basis and not per neighbourcell
due to amount of counters as mentioned above. | +| Network Planning: Traffic flow analysis
or
Network Planning: Handover traffic optimization | - outgoing Intra RAT HO Success Rate (neighbour cell)
- outgoing Inter RAT HO Success Rate (cell)
- outgoing Inter System HO Success Rate (cell) | + +## A.5 Monitor of cell level QoS and radio resource utilisation + +In an E-UTRAN cell the quality of service achieved is directly influenced by a number of factors, including: + +- Loading of users on the cell +- Traffic loading and characteristics +- UE locations and mobility +- RRM policies + - Scheduling + - congestion control + - admission control + - layer 2 protocol configuration +- Mapping of traffic to QCI +- Setting of QoS parameters other than the QCI. + +It is very important to be able to monitor the QoS to determine whether the combined effect of these policies, algorithms and external factors is satisfactory. Unsatisfactory QoS may be rectified by adjusting policies and RRM settings, for instance. + +### Cell bit-rate + +A fundamental measure of QoS is the throughput (data rate) of the cell. The total cell throughput measured across all radio bearers gives an indication of the loading and activity in the cell. Adding a per QCI counter allows the loading on the different QCIs to be measured. For example, if QCI 1 is used exclusively for VoIP then the loading of conversational speech can be directly determined. Finally, the maximum throughput can indicate to the operator whether there is enough capacity in the network; for example, is the backhaul sufficient. Separate counters should be configured on the downlink and uplink. Complexity may be reduced by performing the counters at layer 3, giving the ingress bit-rate to the eNB on the downlink and the egress bit-rate from the eNB on the uplink. + +Cell throughput includes both User Plane data and Control Plane data. To support the User Plane data, necessary Control Plane data also need to be transmitted. This Control Plane data although required, will not be perceived (felt) by the User. The total cell throughput helps to evaluate the usage of bandwidth and radio resource. + +Operators ideally want to see the Control Plane data as small as possible when compared to the User Plane data without compromising on the service. + +Hence it is important to monitor the total cell throughput as well as how much is occupied by Control Plane Data. + +### Number of active UEs + +It is also of interest to determine how many users are enjoying the throughput numbers determined for each QCI. Therefore, we may count the number of users that are active for each QCI – here active users have data queued pending transmission. A simple division of the throughput (data rate) of a QCI by the number of active users on the QCI indicates the throughput per user on the QCI. For example, taking QCI 1 this metric could indicate the typical codec rate being employed in the cell. Alternatively, for QCI 9 supporting low priority TCP-based traffic it can indicate the typical bandwidth pipe size for a user when he has data to send / receive. + +### DL packet delay + +Latency is of prime concern for some services, particularly conversational services like speech and instant messaging. A counter is added to measure the mean delay for IP packets incurred within the eNodeB. Separate counters are provided per QCI which are particularly useful when the QCI is used by very few services and the packet sizes vary little. It is only practical to measure packet delays on the downlink. + +In case of the eNodeB serving one or more RN, the packet delay includes both the internal processing delay at eNB) and UE/RN as well as the packet transferring delay on the radio link. As RN UE's packets need to be transferred via between E-UTRAN and RN while packets for UEs directly connected to eNB need to pass through only Uu interface, packet delay optimization mechanism may be different for RN UEs and eNB UEs. Therefore it is beneficial to have measurements on packet delay separately for packets transmitted between the eNodeB and UEs and for packets transmitted between the E-UTRAN and RNs. + +### DL packet drop rate + +When a cell is heavily loaded congestion can take place. When congestion is not severe, the impact is typically the incurrence of additional delay for non-GBR radio bearers. However, when congestion is severe the eNodeB may be forced to discard packets. It is important for the operator to have visibility of packet discard so that corrective action can be instigated (for example, by adjusting admission control settings in the network). It is only practical to measure packet discards on the downlink. Packet discards on handover should not be included in the count. + +### PRB Usage + +The resource utilisation, measured in terms of physical resource blocks (PRBs), is a useful measure of whether a cell is lightly loaded or not. Loading is a key input to network capacity planning and load balancing. Furthermore, when resource utilisation per QCI is reported the distribution of resources between different services can be estimated. + +For a RN that requires subframe configuration, the RN can only be scheduled by the eNodeB within subframes configured for RN, while macro UE can be scheduled in any subframe. Therefore in certain scenario it may be possible that the PRB usage is different for the subframe configured for the RN and for any other subframe. For example, in case there are many RNs in the network and only a few UEs connected directly to the eNodeB, it may happen that the PRB usage in the subframe configured for RN is quite high, while the subframes used for UEs is low. Therefore it is beneficial to measure the PRB usage separately for RN and the total PRB usage. The total PRB usage includes the PRB usage for RN traffic and UE traffic, while the RN PRB usage includes only PRB usage for RN traffic. + +### Resource Full Utilisation + +Resource congestion is a critical situation in the network that needs to be monitored closely in order to be assessed and addressed immediately (e.g. by expanding related resources). Measurements reflecting the time during which the resources are fully used are needed to properly assess the congestion. Congestion affects PRB so appropriate congestion measurements are needed. + +### Transport Resource Usage + +Transport resource utilisation provides information on the overall traffic of an eNodeB with the rest of the network, together with information on the traffic of the individual cells it gives the ability to localise bottlenecks. On the other hand it is a key input for planning of timely expansion of transport (backhaul) resources in the network provides. Measurements enabling to track the transport resource utilisation are therefore useful. + +### Hardware Resource Usage + +Hardware resource utilisation provides information on the overall load of an eNodeB, together with the information on the individual loads it gives the ability to localise bottlenecks. On the other hand it is a key input for planning of timely + +expansion of hardware resources in the network. Measurements enabling to track the hardware resource utilisation are therefore useful. + +### Downlink Air interface packet loss rate + +The downlink air interface packet loss can be directly compared with the PELR value of a QCI to see if the packet loss (over the air interface) aspect of quality of service is being met within the cell (see [12] for more details on PELR). On the downlink this measurement can be added to the congestion losses (see DL packet drop rate) to determine the total packet loss rate at the eNodeB. Consequently, the downlink useful bit-rate can be estimated by scaling the measurement of the downlink PDCP ingress bit-rate by $(1 - \text{DL packet drop rate}) (1 - \text{air interface packet loss rate})$ . + +In case of RN deployment the communication between the E-UTRAN and RN is going through the air interface. It is possible that the radio conditions are bad, which can lead also to high packet loss rate, which can contribute also whether the packet loss aspect of the quality of service is met or not. Therefore it is beneficial to have separate packet loss rate measurement for RN traffic and for the traffic connected directly to the eNodeB. + +### Uplink packet loss rate + +The uplink air interface packet loss rate (per QCI) can be compared directly with the PELR defined for that QCI. An estimate of the uplink air interface packet loss may be provided by the “Uplink PDCP SDU loss rate”. This uplink measurement is based on PDCP sequence numbers and cannot precisely measure the air interface losses. Any packets discarded by the UE within the protocol stack (i.e. at layer 2) are also counted since they will have been given a PDCP sequence number. Discards at layer 3 are not counted. + +In case of RN deployment the communication between the E-UTRAN and RN is going through the air interface. It is possible that the radio conditions are bad, which can lead also to high packet loss rate, which can contribute also whether the packet loss aspect of the quality of service is met or not. Therefore it is beneficial to have separate packet loss rate measurement for RN traffic and for the traffic connected directly to the eNodeB. + +### RACH Usage + +The RACH plays a vital role in the following procedures: + +- Initial access from RRC\_IDLE; +- Initial access after radio link failure; +- Handover requiring random access procedure; +- DL data arrival during RRC\_CONNECTED requiring random access procedure; +- UL data arrival during RRC\_CONNECTED requiring random access procedure; + +Furthermore, the random access procedure takes two distinct forms: + +- Contention based using a randomly selected preamble (applicable to all five events); +- Non-contention based using a dedicated preamble (applicable to only handover and DL data arrival). + +In the use-case of RACH configuration optimization, received Random Access Preambles and a contention indicator are signalled across an OAM interface. + +Monitoring of the preamble usage in a cell allows the operator to determine if the resources allocated to the RACH by the eNodeB are appropriate for the number of random access attempts. If the resources are underutilised then the operator may reconfigure the eNodeB (via CM) to allocate less resource to RACH thereby freeing up resource for other uplink transmissions. Alternatively, if the resources are heavily utilised then this is indicative of RACH congestion leading to increased latency for the procedures listed above. To this effect, measurements directly reflecting RACH congestion experienced by the eNodeB and by the UEs are useful. + +The eNodeB can partition the RACH resource between dedicated preambles, randomly selected preambles in group A and randomly selected preambles in group B. This partitioning can be evaluated when usage measurements are made on each set separately. + +To further monitor and analyze the latency of the procedures listed above created at the RACH level, the measurement of the number of RACH preambles sent per RACH attempt is useful. + +RACH optimisation function optimises RACH related configurations to achieve minimizing of access delays and random access collision probability for all the UEs. eNB may request the UEs to report the number of attempts to access the network (numberOfPreamblesSent in TS 36.331 [8]). Based on the attempting number of random access of all the UEs, the eNB can know the distribution of RACH preambles sent by UEs and calculate the access probability (AP) of a cell accurately. The eNB may also request the UEs to report contention detected while attempting to access the network (contentionDetected in TS 36.331 [8]). Based on the estimated time per random access and the estimated contention level in the network, the eNB can estimate the access delay probability (ADP) of a cell. + +## --- A.6 Monitor of the number of connected users + +The number of the connected users in each cell is valuable information for operators to know how many users are connecting to E-UTRAN per cell basis. This kind of information can help operator to tune the admission control parameters for the cell and to do load balancing between cells to ensure that the target percentage or number of users admitted achieve the target QoS. + +## --- A.7 Monitoring of interference situation + +In the LTE radio technology interference has to be coordinated on the basis uplink and downlink i.e. in a coordinated usage of the UL resources (Physical Resource Blocks, PRBs) and DL Transmitted Power, which lead to improve SIR and corresponding throughput. These are achieved by means of mechanisms employing channel quality indicators in support of scheduling/radio resource allocation functions. + +These RRM functions in the eNB require the setting of frequency / power restrictions and preferences for the resource usage in the different cells. Setting and updating these parameters is the task of a network optimisation (done by operator or automatically by SON). + +Use cases for the related interference measurements are e.g. optimisation of ICIC related RRM functionality, the detection of long distance interferer and the interference due to spurious emissions of neighbour cells. The later case is assumed only in high load scenarios or unsufficient ICIC functionality due to the the fact that ICIC functionality would minimise interference autonomously if sufficient bandwidth is available. + +The necessary measurements to identify and analyse the interference situation as input for optimisation tasks has to be defined. + +## --- A.8 Monitor of ARQ and HARQ performance + +Reliable Packet Delivery is one of the important Performance factor for a better User experience. HARQ retransmissions at the MAC layer ensure reliable packet delivery + +In addition, RLC can be configured to operate in acknowledged mode for those applications that need very low packet drops and can tolerate a slightly higher delay from RLC retransmissions. + +If a MAC PDU is not delivered, HARQ takes care of retransmitting (upto a maximum configurable number). If all the retransmissions fail at MAC layer, and if RLC is configured to operate in acknowledged mode, RLC's ARQ mechanism will take care of any residual packet errors. + +It is important to + +a) maintain the block error rate or packet error rate within tolerable limits + +b) ensure that HARQ retransmissions take care of most packet errors, instead of relying on RLC layer retransmissions (which would increase the delay). + +So, it is important to monitor the performance of these schemes. + +ARQ Performance if viewed at QCI level can help in monitoring the distribution for each of the services. + +HARQ Performance if viewed at MCS (Modulation Coded Scheme) can help in monitoring the MCS Performance also. + +## --- A.9 Monitoring of RF performance + +RF Performance reflects the cell loading levels and abnormal conditions. + +In the Downlink, Power Resources are managed by the EUTRAN Cell(RAN). + +More Power Resources may help in increasing the Capacity of the System. Hence, there the power resources could be effectively used to optimize the Capacity of the System. + +Hence there is a need to keep monitoring the Power Resource Utilization in % and also in absolute terms. + +Monitoring of the quality of RF signal in the cell is useful for the purpose of NW planning and overall service quality assessment. Measurements of Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) reported by UEs is a useful metric reflecting RF signal quality and service quality. + +Timing advance measurements reflect the distance of the UE from the cell antenna. This information reflects the optimality of the cell antenna location with respect to the cell traffic and is useful in the NW planning process. + +Monitoring interference, both uplink and downlink, is an important aspect of monitoring RF performance. For this purpose, monitoring of UL interference power is useful. + +Interference signals in a number of different ways, including frequency, frequency band, direction of interfering signals, etc. can also be classified by System internal interference and External interference. By efficient frequency planning and careful + +Selection of base station locations, the impact of interference signal can be effectively controlled within an acceptable scope. uplink interference disturbs the base station receiver. Once the base station receiver is compromised, it leads to receiving code errors for the whole base station and the site's entire service area is degraded including its network and service. Of course, customer satisfaction is negatively impacted. So it is very useful to monitor uplink interference of communication system to do network optimization. + +## --- A.10 Monitor of paging performance + +In EUTRAN, Paging is under the control of the MME. When the MME wants to page a UE it has to page it in all cells that belong to the TA(s) to which the UE is registered. + +The paging load per cell is an important measure for the operator as it allows the operator to properly dimension the resources for paging in the E-UTRAN Cell . + +At an E-UTRAN Cell it makes sense to measure the number of discarded paging messages if this is due to some problem in the eNodeB, such as paging occasion overflow. In that scenario the periodicity of paging occasions can be reconfigured in order to ensure that all paging messages are transmitted by the eNodeB in the first available paging occasion, thereby avoiding paging delays and extended call setup delay. + +Operators need to know when such an event occurs, in order to identify if the problem is at the E-UTRAN cell level or not. + +In addition to discarded paging records measurement, it is important to know total paging records received so that discarded paging records ratio can be derived. + +Total number of paging records received is important in the sense that, it may be fine if the discarded paging records are high if discarded paging records ratio is small. On the other hand, it may be problematic if discarded paging records are low, if discarded paging records ratio turn out to be high. + +## --- A.11 Use case of eNodeB processor usage + +When network is very busy, for example on important holiday or emergency events happened, the traffic of one eNodeB is very heavy. So eNodeB processor usage measurements are very important to indicate eNodeB processor load capability. If eNodeB processor usage is too high, operator must take action to avoid network paralysis. + +## --- A.12 Monitor of simultaneous E-RABs + +E-RAB is one of the EUTRAN Cell resources which are limited in number. + +Hence along with the E-RAB Setup Success Rate, there is a need to keep monitoring the simultaneous E-RABs and having them at QCI level can help in learning the service distribution in time periods. + +Average / Maximum simultaneous E-RABs, can help to know the average / maximum utilization of the resources in time periods, thereby helping to do necessary resource capacity engineering. + +## --- A.13 Monitoring of Mobility Robustness Optimization (MRO) + +The following measurement is defined specifically to monitor the performance of handover optimisation: + +- Number of handover failures for MRO. + +The measurement examines “handover related events” in which the serving cell of a RRC connected UE is changed. Handover related events are either normal successful handovers, or they are failures. Different failure modes are possible and the measurement provides counts for the occurrences of the failure modes related with MRO, “too early”, “too late” and “to wrong cell”. The detailed definitions of these modes are captured in [12]. The counters provide visibility of the mix of failure problems that the handover optimisation function is tackling. + +In addition to event-based (i.e. reactive) optimization of handover performance, a pro-active optimization is possible by monitoring the dynamics of handover triggering from UE measurement reports. + +## --- A.14 Monitor of BLER performance + +The TB Error Rate in UL/DL can directly reflect the BLER, and has an influence on MCS selection and user throughput. It can be helpful to estimate the performance of radio resource management like radio resource scheduling in transport layer and be helpful in trouble shooting. Furthermore, they should be taken into account to optimize the system performance. To obtain TB Error Rate by calculating, the number of total and error TBs transmitted in a cell should be monitored. + +## --- A.15 Monitoring of common LAs of overlapping target RAT's coverage + +For CS fallback in EPS, as defined in section 5.1A of 3GPP TS 23.272 [17], the fallback procedure is likely to be faster if the network can allocate a Location Area to the UE that is the LA of the overlapping target RAT's coverage. For this situation, the MME should avoid allocating TAI lists that span multiple Location Areas of the target RAT, this can be achieved by: + +- configuring the E-UTRAN cell's TAI to align the LA boundary of the target RAT; +- the MME being configured to know which TAIs are within which LA; and +- the MME using the TAI of the current E-UTRAN cell to derive the LAI. + +Also as specified in section 4.3.4 of 3GPP TS 23.272 [17], to facilitate the alignment of TA boundaries with LA boundaries, the E-UTRAN can gather statistics (from the inbound inter-RAT mobility events of all UEs) of the most common LAs indicated in the RRC signalling. + +From such measurements per E-UTRAN cell basis, operators 1) can know the common LA(s) of the overlapping target RAT's coverage for each TA, which is useful to configure the TAI list within which LA boundary to MME, operators can also 2) detect the case that TA spans multiple LAs if different most common LA(s) is/are reported from the E-UTRAN cells in the same TA, operators may take actions to rectify it if needed. + +--- + +## A.16 Monitoring of Energy Saving + +Beside monitoring of the energy consumption it is also important to differentiate if the cell unavailability or the failure of the RRC connection establishment happens because of Energy Saving as Energy Saving Management feature is by the Operator on purpose. Therefore such failures should be distinguishable from other network failures, therefore should be counted separately. With the separate cell unavailability counter due to Energy Saving makes it possible to deduct the cell downtime due to Energy Savings from the total cell outage. + +--- + +## A.17 Monitoring of RNReconfiguration + +The purpose of RNReconfiguration related procedure is to configure/reconfigure the RN subframe configuration and/or to update the system information relevant for the RN in RRC\_CONNECTED. + +The system information and subframe configuration is very important for RN, but the RN does not need to apply the system information acquisition and change monitoring procedures, if configured with an RN subframe configuration. Upon change of any system information relevant to an RN, E-UTRAN provides the system information blocks containing the relevant system information to RNs with an RN subframe configuration via dedicated signalling using the *RNReconfiguration* message. This dedicated signalling replaces any stored system information acquired through the system information acquisition procedure. + +Because the RN is semi-duplex, to avoid the transmission conflict between access link (between UE and RN) and backhaul link (between RN and DeNB), the subframe of RN is semi-statically assigned (see TR 36.814) and the configuration information is included in the RNReconfiguration message. + +During the RN operation, failures of backhaul link will cause unsuccessful RN reconfiguration. In that case, RN will not get any response from DeNB. The defined performance counter will help to compute how many response messages are missing. Depending on this result, operators could easily make network planning to consider fix or optimize the backhaul link quality. + +--- + +## A.18 Monitoring of E-RAB setup for incoming HOs + +The E-RAB needs to be established in the target cell during HO, the success or failure of E-RAB establishment in the target cell during HO results in if the services beared on the E-RABs can continue or not after HO, thus whether or not the E-RAB can be successfully established for incoming HO impacts the user experience. + +The unsuccessful setup of E-RABs with different QCIs could lead to different user experience, thus the E-RAB setup for incoming HOs needs to be monitored per QCI. + +--- + +## Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Mar 2009 | SP-43 | SP-090143 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information and approval | -- | 1.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090408 | 002 | -- | Add missing E-UTRAN measurement for paging discards at the eNodeB - Align with 36.304 and 32.426 | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090290 | 001 | -- | Addition of eNodeB processor usage related measurements | B | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-090542 | 004 | -- | Correction on the IP latency and additional SAE Bearers setup measurements | A | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-090542 | 006 | -- | Alignment of PRB usage related measurements with 36.314 | A | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-090627 | 007 | -- | Add SAE Bearer number related measurements | B | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SP-47 | SP-100035 | 010 | -- | Add RRC connection release as a PM counter | F | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SP-47 | SP-100035 | 011 | -- | Introduction of handover failure PM counters for handover optimisation | F | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SP-47 | SP-100035 | 012 | -- | Add a PM counter of RRC connection establishments per failure cause | F | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SP-47 | SP-100036 | 008 | -- | Incorrect section numbering | D | 9.2.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SP-47 | SP-100036 | 009 | -- | Add TB related measurements | B | 9.2.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-100264 | | -- | | D | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-100259 | 013 | -- | Editorial changes to clause References | A | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-100412 | 022 | -- | Correct L3 messages in measurement definitions | A | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-100262 | 018 | -- | Add IP Throughput measurements | A | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-100262 | 015 | -- | Missing Measurement related to common LAs to support faster CS fallback in EPS | A | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-100262 | 019 | -- | Add the missing reference of causes in HO measurements | A | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100488 | | -- | | | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100489 | 023 | -- | Correction of intra-RAT HO measurements | A | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100489 | 024 | -- | Modification of E-RAB release related measurements | C | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100489 | 025 | -- | Addition of measurements for pagings received | B | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100493 | 026 | -- | Modifying RRC establishment failure and Cellunavailability measurements due to Energy Saving | C | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100878 | | 1 | | | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 030 | 1 | Correcting L3 messages and cleanup | A | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 031 | 1 | Apply the RRC connection setup related measurements to RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 032 | 2 | Apply the RRC connection reestablishment related measurements to RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 033 | 1 | Apply the E-RAB setup related measurements to RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 034 | 2 | Apply the abnormal E-RAB release related measurements to RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 035 | 1 | Addition of HO related measurements to RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 036 | 1 | Apply the eNB measurements to DeNB as well | C | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 044 | 1 | Adding measurements on power utilization | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110093 | 048 | - | Change counter for RACH usage from 'Cumulative Counter' to 'Gauge' | A | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 053 | 1 | Add measurements for maximum PRB usage | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 054 | 1 | Add measurements for radio coverage | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 055 | 9 | Add measurements for radio coverage, handover triggering, RACH performance | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 058 | 1 | Add RRC connection setup and UE context release related measurements of RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 059 | 1 | Add E-RAB release and modification related measurements of RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 060 | - | Add inter-RAT HO related measurements of RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | + +| | | | | | | | | | +|------------|-------|-----------|------|----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---|--------|--------| +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 061 | - | Add cell level radio bearer QoS related measurements of RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 062 | - | Add Radio resource utilization related measurements of RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 063 | - | Add paging related measurements of RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 064 | - | Add equipment resources related measurements of RN | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 065 | 2 | Adding separate counters for Un link and Uu link L2 measurements in DeNB. | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 066 | 2 | Add RNReconfiguration related measurements to DeNB - Align with RAN2 TS 36.331 | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110098 | 067 | 1 | Introduction of PM counters on distribution of RACH preambles sent | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 068 | 1 | Add HO to RN in intro-eNB HO measurements | B | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 069 | 1 | Exclude HOs from RN in inter-eNB HO measurements | C | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110094 | 071 | 2 | Correct CSFB measurements to exclude inapplicable scenarios | A | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| May 2011 | SP-52 | SP-110287 | 074 | - | Correct measurement of released active E-RABs | A | 10.4.0 | 10.5.0 | +| May 2011 | SP-52 | SP-110285 | 077 | 2 | Remove the inconsistency with RAN wrt RNs | F | 10.4.0 | 10.5.0 | +| May 2011 | SP-52 | SP-110288 | 079 | - | Correction of HO measurements names at EUTranRelation level | A | 10.4.0 | 10.5.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SP-53 | SP-110634 | 081 | 2 | Add missing measurements for unnecessary HOs for Inter-RAT MRO | B | 10.5.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SP-54 | SP-110707 | 0089 | 1 | Distinguish trigger in MRO measurements of too late handovers | B | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| March 2012 | SP-55 | SP-120043 | 0093 | - | Correction of E-RAB release related measurements | A | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | +| June 2012 | SP-56 | SP-120355 | 0106 | 1 | Include path switch and HO in E-RAB release measurements | A | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | +| June 2012 | SP-56 | SP-120356 | 0109 | -- | Correction of IP throughput measurements | A | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | +| June 2012 | SP-56 | SP-120358 | 0110 | 2 | Correction of E-RAB activity measurements used by Retainability KPI | F | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | +| June 2012 | SP-56 | SP-120358 | 0111 | 1 | Add number of E-RABs by incoming HOs | B | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | +| Dec-2012 | SP-58 | SP-120790 | 0083 | 5 | Statement for handover related measurements in CA | B | 11.3.0 | 11.4.0 | +| | | SP-120790 | 0090 | 3 | Add statement about applicability of measurements to CA | B | | | +| | | SP-120790 | 0094 | 3 | Statement for CQI related measurements in CA | B | | | +| | | SP-120790 | 0114 | 3 | Clarify measured object for E-RAB related measurements for CA | B | | | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32436/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32436/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3128c70559e46bc2ec18548a98b657f25255dbd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32436/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,333 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Mapping ..... | 6 | +| 5 ASN.1 file format definition ..... | 7 | +| Annex A (informative): Example of ASN.1 Measurement Report File ..... | 9 | +| Annex B (informative): Change history..... | 10 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management, as identified below: + +- TS 32.432: "Performance measurement; File format definition"; +- TS 32.435: "Performance measurement; eXtensible Markup Language (XML) file format definition"; +- TS 32.436: "Performance measurement; Abstract Syntax Notation 1 (ASN.1) file format definition".** + +The present document is part of a set of specifications, which describe the requirements and information model necessary for the standardised Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OA&M) of a multi-vendor 3G PLMN. + +During the lifetime of a PLMN, its logical and physical configuration will undergo changes of varying degrees and frequencies in order to optimise the utilisation of the network resources. These changes will be executed through network configuration management activities and/or network engineering, see 3GPP TS 32.600 [4]. + +Many of the activities involved in the daily operation and future network planning of a PLMN network require data on which to base decisions. This data refers to the load carried by the network and the grade of service offered. In order to produce this data performance measurements are executed in the NEs, which comprise the network. The data can then be transferred to an external system, e.g. an Operations System (OS) in TMN terminology, for further evaluation. The purpose of the present document and the other related 3GPP TSs listed above is to describe the mechanisms involved in the collection of the data. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines the ASN.1 file format definition for performance measurement results collection whose semantics is defined in 3GPP TS 32.432 [5]. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.432: "Performance Measurement: File format definition". +- [6] ITU-T Recommendation X.680: "Information technology – Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: + +**network Element Manager (EM):** provides a package of end-user functions for management of a set of closely related types of Network Elements. These functions can be divided into two main categories: + +- Element Management Functions for management of Network Elements on an individual basis. These are basically the same functions as supported by the corresponding local terminals. +- Sub-Network Management Functions that are related to a network model for a set of Network Elements constituting a clearly defined sub-network, which may include relations between the Network Elements. This model enables additional functions on the sub-network level (typically in the areas of network topology presentation, alarm correlation, service impact analysis and circuit provisioning). + +**Network Manager (NM):** provides a package of end-user functions with the responsibility for the management of a network, mainly as supported by the EM(s) but it may also involve direct access to the Network Elements. All communication with the network is based on open and well-standardised interfaces supporting management of multi-vendor and multi-technology Network Elements. + +**Operations System (OS):** generic management system, independent of its location level within the management hierarchy. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------| +| 3G | 3 rd Generation | +| ASN.1 | Abstract Syntax Notation 1 | +| BER | Basic Encoding Rules | +| EM | Element Manager | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communications | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| PM | Performance Management | + +# 4 Mapping + +Table 4.1 maps the file content items in the 3GPP TS 32.432 [5] to those used in the ASN.1 (see [6]) file format definitions. + +**Table 4.1 Mapping of File Content Items to ASN.1 types** + +| File Content Item | ASN.1 Type | Description | +|---------------------|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| measDataCollection | MeasDataCollection | | +| measFileHeader | MeasFileHeader | | +| measData | MeasData | | +| measFileFooter | MeasFileFooter | | +| fileFormatVersion | FileFormatVersion | | +| senderName | SenderName | For ASN.1 format, the string may be empty (i.e. string size =0) in case the DN is not configured in the sender. | +| senderType | SenderType | | +| vendorName | VendorName | | +| collectionBeginTime | CollectionBeginTime | | +| neId | NEId | | +| neUserName | NEUserName | | +| neDistinguishedName | NEDistinguishedName | | +| neSoftwareVersion | NESoftwareVersion | | +| measInfo | MeasInfo | | +| measInfoId | MeasInfoId | | +| measTimeStamp | MeasTimeStamp | | +| jobId | JobId | | +| granularityPeriod | GranularityPeriod | | +| reportingPeriod | ReportingPeriod | | +| measTypes | MeasTypes | | +| measValues | MeasValues | | +| measObjInstId | MeasObjInstId | | +| measResults | MeasResults | | +| suspectFlag | SuspectFlag | | +| timeStamp | TimeStamp | ASN.1 GeneralizedTime format. | + +# 5 ASN.1 file format definition + +The ASN.1 file format definitions implement the measurement result structure and parameters defined in clauses 5.2 and 5.3 of 3GPP TS 32.401 [3]. + +For ASN.1 formatted files, BER encoding rules shall apply. Embedded comments are integral parts of the standard format; i.e. any implementation-claiming conformance to this annex shall also conform to the comments. + +PM-File-Description + +DEFINITIONS AUTOMATIC TAGS::= BEGIN + +MeasDataCollection::= SEQUENCE + +``` +{ + measFileHeader MeasFileHeader, + measData SEQUENCE OF MeasData, + measFileFooter MeasFileFooter +} +``` + +MeasFileHeader::= SEQUENCE + +``` +{ + fileFormatVersion PrintableString (SIZE (0..15)), + senderName PrintableString (SIZE (0..400)), + senderType SenderType, + vendorName PrintableString (SIZE (0..32)), + collectionBeginTime Timestamp, + ... +} +``` + +-- The sole purpose of the ellipsis notation used in the file header is to facilitate inter-release compatibility, vendor specific additions are not allowed in implementations claiming conformance to the TS. However, it is acknowledged that this feature does enable the use of non-standard extensions to the file header without loosing compatibility to the file format specified in the present document. + +SenderType::= PrintableString (SIZE (0..8)) + +Timestamp::= GeneralizedTime + +MeasData::= SEQUENCE + +``` +{ + nEId NEId, + measInfo SEQUENCE OF MeasInfo +} +``` + +NEId::= SEQUENCE + +``` +{ + nEUserName PrintableString (SIZE (0..64)), + nEDistinguishedName PrintableString (SIZE (0..400)), + nESoftwareVersion PrintableString (SIZE (0..64)) OPTIONAL +} +``` + +MeasInfo::= SEQUENCE + +``` +{ + measTimeStamp Timestamp, + granularityPeriod INTEGER, + measTypes SEQUENCE OF MeasType, + measValues SEQUENCE OF MeasValue, + reportingPeriod INTEGER OPTIONAL, + jobId INTEGER OPTIONAL, + measInfoId PrintableString (SIZE (0..64)) OPTIONAL, +} +``` + +MeasType::= PrintableString (SIZE (1..64)) + +MeasValue::= SEQUENCE + +``` +{ + measObjInstId MeasObjInstId, + measResults SEQUENCE OF MeasResult, + suspectFlag BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE +} +``` + +MeasObjInstId::= PrintableString (SIZE (0..400)) + +-- The size of the concatenated measObjInstId and neDistinguishedName must not exceed 400. + +MeasResult::= CHOICE + +``` +{ +``` + +``` + iValue INTEGER, + rValue REAL, + noValue NULL, + ... +} +``` + +-- Normal values are INTEGERs and REALs. The NULL value is reserved to indicate that the measurement item is not applicable or could not be retrieved for the object instance. The sole purpose of the ellipsis notation used in the MeasResult choice is to facilitate inter-release compatibility in case the choice needs to be extended in future releases. + +``` +MeasFileFooter::= TimeStamp +``` + +``` +END +``` + +# Annex A (informative): Example of ASN.1 Measurement Report File + +For readability, a kind of pseudo ASN.1 was used instead of the BER encoding. + +``` +MeasDataCollection ::= { + measFileHeader { + fileFormatVersion ::= "32.436 V6.1", + senderName ::= + "DC=a1.companyNN.com,SubNetwork=1,IRPAgent=1,SubNetwork=CountryNN,MeContext=MEC-Gbg- + 1,ManagedElement=RNC-Gbg-1", + senderType ::= "RNC", + vendorName ::= "Company NN", + collectionBeginTime ::= 20000301140000 + }, + measData { + nEId { + nEUserName ::= "RNC Telecomville", + nEDistinguishedName ::= + "DC=a1.companyNN.com,SubNetwork=1,IRPAgent=1,SubNetwork=CountryNN,MeContext=MEC-Gbg- + 1,ManagedElement=RNC-Gbg-1", + nESoftwareVersion ::= "2.1" + }, + measInfo { + measInfoId ::= Category A + measTimeStamp ::= 20000301141430, + jobId ::= "1231", + granularityPeriod ::= 900, + reportingPeriod ::= 1800, + measTypes { + "attTCHSeizures", + "succTCHSeizures", + "attImmediateAssignProcs", + "succImmediateAssignProcs" + }, + measValues { + { + measObjInstId ::= "RncFunction=RF-1,UtranCell=Gbg-997", + measResults { + iValue ::= 234, + iValue ::= 345, + iValue ::= 567, + iValue ::= 789 + }, + suspectFlag ::= FALSE + }, + { + measObjInstId ::= "RncFunction=RF-1,UtranCell=Gbg-998", + measResults { + iValue ::= 890, + iValue ::= 901, + iValue ::= 123, + iValue ::= 234 + }, + suspectFlag ::= FALSE + }, + { + measObjInstId ::= "RncFunction=RF-1,UtranCell=Gbg-999", + measResults { + iValue ::= 456, + iValue ::= 567, + iValue ::= 678, + iValue ::= 789 + }, + suspectFlag ::= TRUE + } + } + } + }, + measFileFooter ::= 20000301141500 +} +``` + +# --- Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| 2004-09 | SA-25 | SP-040580 | -- | -- | Draft created based on 32.401 V6.1.0 and submitted to SA#25 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| 2004-12 | SA-26 | SP-040788 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#26 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| 2005-09 | SA-29 | SP-050585 | 0001 | -- | Enhance PM ASN.1 file with measInfo | C | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| 2008-12 | SA-42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 2009-12 | SA-46 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 9 | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | -- | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | SA-57 | - | - | - | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 10.0.0 | - | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/410562339ce067fdc6fa41940c118658_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/410562339ce067fdc6fa41940c118658_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1ea49c8b85f55c735550677c4e2486c04d813474 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/410562339ce067fdc6fa41940c118658_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:54b22b8649fc3be331908ff0e6b99a09f3af0b231e3dc2348506e2cb504e06f2 +size 51808 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/78ffccd66df9bafd96e3e081110d09dd_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/78ffccd66df9bafd96e3e081110d09dd_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..acf04d936a8a9b76d6c96de3b35d15cd9283ca5e --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/78ffccd66df9bafd96e3e081110d09dd_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:5f4a18de97e2b411a446efff90f2dded11c8ca6605027787c4988c8ed4d3b06f +size 37250 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1cd3954a4370231b22bdb51a3b46e6410e2662c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a16102ecd5d1d95a8e7a02c48ffe82392af690187485c81efbf53b8436cf9971 +size 53073 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e22c20ba39b6a1550b87dfe191e3f5668a92d649 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32441/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,374 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Trace Concepts..... | 6 | +| 5 Trace Requirements ..... | 7 | +| 5.1 Trace Management and Itf-N..... | 7 | +| 5.2 Managing Trace Sessions..... | 8 | +| 5.3 Management of trace record files..... | 9 | +| 5.3.1 General ..... | 9 | +| 5.3.2 Managing trace records for roaming cases (inter-operator cases)..... | 9 | +| 5.3A Void..... | 9 | +| 5.4 Overview of IRPs related to Trace..... | 9 | +| 6 Requirements specific for managing MDT..... | 10 | +| 7 Requirements specific for managing RLF reporting..... | 11 | +| Annex A (informative): Use Cases..... | 12 | +| A.1 General..... | 12 | +| A.2 Use case #1: Centralized place for Trace Session Activation in case of Management Based Activation..... | 12 | +| A.3 Use case #2: Centralized place to collect trace records in case of Signalling Based Activation..... | 13 | +| A.4 Use case #3: Centralized place to collect trace records in case of Signalling Based Activation..... | 14 | +| Annex B (informative): Change history..... | 15 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.441 "Trace Management Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements".** +- 32.442 "Trace Management Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- 32.446 "Trace Management Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +The present document is part of a TS-family which describes the requirements and information model necessary for the Telecommunication Management (TM) of 3G systems. The TM principles and TM architecture are specified in 3GPP TS 32.101 [2] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [3]. + +Trace provides very detailed information on call level for a specific subscriber or MS. This data is an additional information source to Performance Measurements and allows deeper investigations in problems solving or in case of optimization. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the overall requirements for the Trace Management Integration Reference Point (TraceIRP) as it applies to Itf-N. + +The Trace IRP supports the operations that are required for the Subscriber and Equipment trace the Cell Traffic Trace, Minimization of Drive Tests (MDT) functionalities across UMTS networks or EPS networks and Radio Link Failure (RLF) reporting functionalities across EPS networks GSM Trace is outside of the scope of this specification.. + +All functions (trace, MDT etc.) specified in this specification supports Network Sharing, with the following condition: + +1. It is accepted that the recorded information from the shared network can be sent to any of the operators sharing the network, taking user consent into account. Operators must also agree on sharing the information, but how that agreement is done is outside the scope of this specification. The mapping of TCE IP addresses and TCE addresses must be coordinated among the operators that shares the network. How that coordination is done is outside the scope of this specification.. +2. For signalling based activation, the operators that share a network must coordinate the TCE IP addresses and the TCE address mapping must be coordinated. How that coordination is done, is outside the scope of this specification. +3. The 3GPP Management reference model, 3GPP TS 32.101 [2] is followed. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.421: "Telecommunication management; Subscriber and equipment trace; Trace concepts and requirements". +- [5] void. +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.423: "Telecommunication management; Subscriber and equipment trace; Trace data definition and management". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.341: "Telecommunication management; File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.342: "Telecommunication management; File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [9] void. +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.301: "Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". + +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.302: "Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [13] void. +- [14] void +- [15] 3GPP TS 32.346: "Telecommunication management; File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [16] 3GPP TS 32.306: "Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions".. + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] apply. + +NOTE: A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1]. + +# --- 4 Trace Concepts + +Trace Concepts are defined in 3GPP TS 32.421 [4]. + +# --- 5 Trace Requirements + +## 5.1 Trace Management and Itf-N + +The Itf-N may connect the Network Management system to the EM, which can be located in either the DM (system context A) or in the NE (system context B). This is done by means of Integration Reference Points (IRPs). + +This clause describes the properties of an interface enabling a NM to monitor a 3G-telecommunication network including - if necessary - the managing EMs. To provide to the NM the Trace Management capability for the network implies that the NM and the EM have to agree on the following: + +- The identification of the NEs and UE where the Trace Session Activation is requested. +- The identification of the files containing the trace records for retrieval by a Trace Collection Entity. +- The identification of the subscriber or equipment shall be provided in the trace record files in case of subscriber and equipment trace. In case of Cell Traffic trace the cell identity shall be provided in the trace record file. In the case of trace in E-UTRAN, as neither the subscriber identity nor the equipment identity are provided to eNodeB, none of these identifiers are provided in the trace record files from the eNodeB. The connection to which subscriber or equipment is traced is made by the node that triggers the trace recording session to a Trace Collection Entity which collects the trace logs (indicated by the IP address in the Trace Session's configuration parameters). The connection is done by the triggering node providing the identifier of the subscriber or equipment together with the Trace Reference and the Trace Recording Session Reference in a trace log file or a notification (as the Trace Reference and the Trace Recording Session Reference are included in the trace record files from the eNodeBs). +- Notification of available files containing trace records for retrieval by a collection point indicated by an IP address. The Trace Collection Entity may be part of the NM. +- The network configuration (see the NRM IRPs in 3GPP TS 32.6xy and 32.7xy). + +## 5.2 Managing Trace Sessions + +The IRPManager shall be able to request the IRPAgent to: + +- Activate a Trace Session for a specific subscriber or equipment in a specific NE. The trace session activation shall be possible both for management based activation and for signalling based activation. The NM may schedule the activation. Note that no scheduling functionality is supported by the IRPAgent. The trace session activation shall also be possible for for cell traffic trace. +- Make the Trace Records in a file available to a Trace Collection Entity. The data format of the file shall be specified in the 3GPP defined trace specifications (See 3GPP TS 32.423 [6]). +- Emit a notification when a Trace Session is activated from the EM directly. +- Emit a notification when a Trace Recording Session was not started in the NE for any reason. +- Interrogate the configuration parameters and other information of a specific Trace Session. +- Interrogate the list of activated Trace Sessions in a specific NE. The Trace Session is identified by the Trace Reference. In case of cell traffic trace the activated Trace Session can be requested for a Trace Reference or a cell identity. +- Deactivate a Trace Session for a specific subscriber or equipment for a specific Trace Session. The trace session deactivation shall be possible for both management based activation and for signalling based activation. The NM may schedule the deactivation. Note that no scheduling functionality is supported by the IRPAgent. The Trace Session deactivation shall also be possible for for cell traffic trace. + +The Trace Session Deactivation shall target the same NE as the Trace Session Activation. If the trace session is activated in more than one NE, the trace session shall be deactivated in all those NEs. During Trace Session deactivation the Trace Reference and shall be given. In case of a failed Trace Session Deactivation there shall be a mechanism to ensure that unnecessary Trace Sessions will nor remain active in the network (i.e. send Trace Session Deactivation multiple times, etc.). + +The Trace Reference must be unique within the PLMNs where trace is requested when a Trace Session is activated. + +It shall be possible that an IRPManager activates/deactivates a Trace Session to multiple NEs for multiple subscribers or equipments. + +The IRPManager is responsible for scheduling the Trace Session Activation and Deactivation, i.e. there is no requirement on Itf-N due to scheduling the Trace Session Activation/Deactivation. + +## 5.3 Management of trace record files + +### 5.3.1 General + +The IRPManager shall be able to: + +- Request a list of available files. +- Request the IRPAgents to emit a notification announcing the availability of the Trace Record files. + +For information: + +- The requirements for trace record file management may be satisfied by a separate File Transfer IRP. + +NOTE: In case of Signalling Based Activation the trace record files may be transferred from a different EM than the Trace Session Activation is sent to! In order to find always the appropriate collection point the IP address of Trace Collection Entity shall be part of the trace control and configuration parameter that needs to be propagated during Trace Session activations. + +### 5.3.2 Managing trace records for roaming cases (inter-operator cases) + +It is possible that Trace Session Activation/Deactivation goes across Operator's boundaries. Trace Records may contain sensible information therefore the exchange of trace records between operators are subject to agreements between operators, therefore this case is out of the scope of the present document. + +## 5.3A Void + +The requirements for managing MDT are in clause 6. + +## 5.4 Overview of IRPs related to Trace + +The Itf-N is built up by a number of IRPs. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3] and 3GPP TS 32.150 [10]. + +For the purpose of Trace the following IRPs are needed: + +- Trace Management IRP (TraceIRP), i.e. 3GPP TS 32.44x (the present TS-family). +- File Transfer IRP (3GPP TS 32.34x [7], [8], [15]). +- Notification IRP (3GPP TS 32.30x [11], [12], [16]). + +# 6 Requirements specific for managing MDT + +All requirements are valid for Logged MDT and Immediate MDT functionality if not mentioned otherwise: + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-01 The IRPManager shall be able to configure MDT data collection for one or more IMEI(SV) number. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-02 The IRPManager shall be able to configure MDT data collection for one or more IMSI number. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-03 Each UE measurement result shall be linked to a time stamp. Accuracy of time information (absolute time, relative time) is FFS in RAN. (Editor's Note: FFS in RAN) + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-04 The solutions for collecting UE measurements for the purpose of minimization of drive tests shall be able to work independently from SON support in the network. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-05 The IRPManager shall be able to configure MDT data collection in one or more cells or TA/RA/LA. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-06 The IRPManager shall be able to configure MDT data collection for one or more IMSI in one or more cells or TA/RA/LA. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-07 The IRPManager shall be able to configure MDT data collection for one or more IMEI(SV) in one or more cells or TA/RA/LA. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-08 The IRPManager shall be able to configure UE measurement types, and triggering conditions under which UE measurements would be collected for MDT. + +**Editor's note: The detailed list of triggering conditions is FFS.** + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-09 The IRPManager shall be able to configure the condition of MDT data collection based on certain device capability information (e.g. required free memory, battery status, etc.) . + +**Editor's Note: the detailed list of device capabilities for MDT is FFS.** + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-10 The IRPManager shall be able to configure the condition of MDT data collection based on certain device capability information in one or more cells or in TA/RA/LA. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-11 The IRPManager shall be able to configure MDT data collection based on one or more IMSI in one or more cells or TA/RA/LA with a set of device capability information. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-12 The IRPManager shall be able to configure MDT data collection based on one or more IMEI(SV) in one or more cells or TA/RA/LA with a set of device capability information. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-13 The IRPManager shall be able to configure MDT data collection based on one or more IMEI(SV) with a set of device capability information. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-14 The IRPManager shall be able to configure MDT data collection based on one or more IMSI with a set of device capability information. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-15 The IRPManager shall be able to configure the periodicity for collecting UE measurements to a centralized collection entity. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-16 The IRPManager shall have the capability allowing the IRPManager to activate combined tracing and UE MDT measurement collection within the same Trace Session. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-17 The IRPManager shall be able to deactivate MDT data collection by Trace Reference. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-18 The IRPManager shall be able to initiate MDT data collection independently from other mobility related performance measurement and call trace collection. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-19 It shall be possible for the IRPManager to notify the IRPManager if the UE selection can't fulfil operators' expectation. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-20 For area based MDT data collection, the IRPManager shall be able to configure the desired minimums over period of time for the amount of MDT data and for the number of UEs. + +REQ-MDTMGMT-FUN-21 For area based MDT data collection, the IRPManager shall be able to configure the desired maximums over period of time for the amount of MDT data and for the number of UEs. + +# --- 7 Requirements specific for managing RLF reporting + +REQ-RLFMTGMT-FUN-1 The IRPAgent shall provide the capability to allow the IRPManager to collect RLF reports independently from MDT or call trace collection. + +REQ-RLFMTGMT-FUN-2 The IRPAgent shall provide the capability to allow the IRPManager to collect RLF reports in one or more eNodeB(s). + +# Annex A (informative): Use Cases + +## A.1 General + +The use cases presented in the present document provides the usability of the Trace IRP. These use cases are different from those ones that are presented in 3GPP TS 32.421 [4]. + +## A.2 Use case #1: Centralized place for Trace Session Activation in case of Management Based Activation + +Figure A.2-1 illustrates an example where Operator would like to activate a trace session in the 6 RNCs (example for system context A). The activation method required is Management Based Activation. + +![Diagram illustrating Trace Session Activation for Management Based Activation. A Network Manager (NM) is connected to three Element Managers (EM1, EM2, EM3) via interfaces labeled 'Itf-n'. EM1 is connected to RNC1 and RNC2. EM2 is connected to RNC3 and RNC4. EM3 is connected to RNC5 and RNC6.](78ffccd66df9bafd96e3e081110d09dd_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; NM[NM] -- Itf-n --> EM1[EM1]; NM -- Itf-n --> EM2[EM2]; NM -- Itf-n --> EM3[EM3]; EM1 --> RNC1[RNC1]; EM1 --> RNC2[RNC2]; EM2 --> RNC3[RNC3]; EM2 --> RNC4[RNC4]; EM3 --> RNC5[RNC5]; EM3 --> RNC6[RNC6]; +``` + +Diagram illustrating Trace Session Activation for Management Based Activation. A Network Manager (NM) is connected to three Element Managers (EM1, EM2, EM3) via interfaces labeled 'Itf-n'. EM1 is connected to RNC1 and RNC2. EM2 is connected to RNC3 and RNC4. EM3 is connected to RNC5 and RNC6. + +**Figure A.2-1: Trace Session Activation for Management Based Activation** + +Using the trace IRP operator has to give the Trace Session Activation command in the Network Manager only. The Operator has to specify in which NEs trace is required and also has to give the trace control and configuration parameters. The NM (Trace IRP Manager) can initiate the Trace Session Activation to the EMs (Trace IRP Agents). The EMs can send the Trace Session Activation commands to the RNCs. + +As shown in this example Trace IRP helps the operator in managing trace in the network. + +## A.3 Use case #2: Centralized place to collect trace records in case of Signalling Based Activation + +Figure A.3-1 shows an example (assuming system context A) where trace records are generated in many different NEs which are managed by different EMs. + +![Diagram illustrating Trace Record Collection in case of Signalling Based Activation. The diagram shows a Network Management (NM) system at the top, connected to three Element Managers (EM1, EM2, EM3). EM1 is connected to an MSC-S, which is connected to an MGW and an RNC1. RNC1 is connected to an RNC2. Trace Session Activation is shown from NM to EM1. Trace reporting is shown from EM1, EM2, and EM3 to NM. Trace parameter propagation is shown from NM to EM1, then to MSC-S, MGW, and RNC1, and finally to RNC2.](410562339ce067fdc6fa41940c118658_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + NM[NM] -- "Trace Session Activation" --> EM1[EM1] + EM1 -- "Trace reporting" --> NM + EM2[EM2] -- "Trace reporting" --> NM + EM3[EM3] -- "Trace reporting" --> NM + EM1 --> MSC-S[MSC-S] + MSC-S --> MGW[MGW] + MSC-S --> RNC1[RNC1] + RNC1 --> RNC2[RNC2] + NM -- "Trace parameter propagation" --> EM1 + EM1 --> MSC-S + EM1 --> MGW + EM1 --> RNC1 + RNC1 --> RNC2 + +``` + +Diagram illustrating Trace Record Collection in case of Signalling Based Activation. The diagram shows a Network Management (NM) system at the top, connected to three Element Managers (EM1, EM2, EM3). EM1 is connected to an MSC-S, which is connected to an MGW and an RNC1. RNC1 is connected to an RNC2. Trace Session Activation is shown from NM to EM1. Trace reporting is shown from EM1, EM2, and EM3 to NM. Trace parameter propagation is shown from NM to EM1, then to MSC-S, MGW, and RNC1, and finally to RNC2. + +**Figure A.3-1: Trace Record Collection in case of Signalling Based Activation** + +In the example above the trace session is activated from the NM to the MSC-S via EM1. If the subscriber or MS that is being traced starts a call then the trace parameters are propagated to the MGW and to the RNC1. + +If during the call the subscriber makes a handover to RNC2, the trace parameters will also be propagated to RNC2. + +In this example all the NEs (MSC-S, MGW, RNC1 and RNC2) generate their own trace records and these trace records are sent to the NEs own EMs. + +There are three different EMs shown in the figure. Each of them will get the trace records from the NEs they manage. The EMs (traceIRPAgents) can then send the trace records to the NM (traceIRPManager). + +By using the TraceIRP the Operator can retrieve all the trace records generated in the network in one place at the NM. + +Without the trace IRP the trace records are stored only in the EM level, which in this case is distributed in 3 different boxes and locations. + +## A.4 Use case #3: Centralized place to collect trace records in case of Signalling Based Activation + +Figure A.4-1 shows an example (assuming system context A) where trace records are generated in many different NEs which are managed by different EMs. + +![Diagram illustrating Trace Record Collection in case of Signalling Based Activation. The diagram shows a Trace Collection Entity at the top, connected to three EMs (EM, EM, EM3) via dashed arrows labeled 'Trace reporting'. Below the EMs are network elements: MME, eNodeB1, and eNodeB2. Solid arrows show 'Trace Session Activation' from the Trace Collection Entity to the MME, and 'Trace parameter propagation' from the MME to eNodeB1 and eNodeB2. Dashed arrows show 'Trace reporting' from the EMs and network elements to the Trace Collection Entity.](a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + TCE[Trace Collection Entity] + EM1[EM] + EM2[EM] + EM3[EM3] + MME[MME] + eNB1[eNodeB1] + eNB2[eNodeB2] + + TCE -.-> EM1 + TCE -.-> EM2 + TCE -.-> EM3 + EM1 -.-> TCE + EM2 -.-> TCE + EM3 -.-> TCE + MME -.-> TCE + eNB1 -.-> TCE + eNB2 -.-> TCE + + TCE --> MME : Trace Session Activation + MME --> eNB1 : Trace parameter propagation + MME --> eNB2 : Trace parameter propagation + +``` + +Diagram illustrating Trace Record Collection in case of Signalling Based Activation. The diagram shows a Trace Collection Entity at the top, connected to three EMs (EM, EM, EM3) via dashed arrows labeled 'Trace reporting'. Below the EMs are network elements: MME, eNodeB1, and eNodeB2. Solid arrows show 'Trace Session Activation' from the Trace Collection Entity to the MME, and 'Trace parameter propagation' from the MME to eNodeB1 and eNodeB2. Dashed arrows show 'Trace reporting' from the EMs and network elements to the Trace Collection Entity. + +**Figure A.4-1: Trace Record Collection in case of Signalling Based Activation** + +In the example above the trace session is activated from the NM to the MME via EM2 -> EM1. If the subscriber or UE that is being traced starts a call then the trace parameters are propagated to the MME and to the eNodeB1. In the Trace configuration parameters is a Trace Collection Entity IP Address included. + +If during the call the subscriber makes a handover to eNodeB2, the trace parameters will also be propagated to eNodeB2. + +In this example all the NEs (MME, eNodeB1, eNodeB2) generate their own trace records and these trace records are sent to the NEs own EM. + +There are three different EMs shown in the figure. Each of them will get the trace records from the NEs they manage. The EMs (traceIRPAgents) can then send the trace records to the Trace Collection Entity which will be identified by the IP address which is included in the Trace configuration parameters (traceIRPManager). The Trace Collection entity may be located in the NM, EM or in another entity. The Trace files may also be sent directly from the nodes to the Trace Collection Entity. + +By using the TraceIRP the Operator can retrieve all the trace records generated in the network in one place, regardless of how many IRPManagers exist. + +Without the Trace Collection Entity in the Trace IRP the trace records are stored only in the EM level, which in the above example is distributed in 3 different nodes, or they might be sent to different IRPManagers in the NM. + +# Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Mar 2005 | SA_32 | SP-060256 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#32 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Mar 2007 | SA_35 | SP-070063 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#35 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2007 | SA_38 | SP-070735 | 0001 | 1 | R7 CR 32.441-700 Correction of Trace IRP | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Jun 2008 | SA_40 | SP-080329 | 0002 | -- | Introduction of EPC and E-UTRAN in Trace IRP | C | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Sep 2008 | SA_41 | SP-081261 | 0003 | -- | Inclusion of Notification IRP | C | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | -- | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SA_49 | SP-100492 | 0004 | -- | Adding requirements for managing UE based network performance measurements | B | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SA_51 | SP-110102 | 0005 | -- | Change "UE based network performance measurements" to "MDT" - Align cross-3GPP terminology on MDT work | F | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SA_54 | SP-110716 | 0008 | 1 | Super CR combination for: Add RLF reporting use case and requirements, restructure MDT clause and Add requirements for MDT UE selection notification | B | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Mar 2012 | SA_55 | SP-120054 | 0009 | 1 | Add MDT data collection criteria requirements | B | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Sep 2012 | SA_57 | SP-120571 | 0010 | 1 | Clarify requirements on counting of distinct UEs | F | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | +| Dec-2012 | SA_58 | SP-120795 | 0011 | 1 | Correction on the scope and reference related to MDT and RLF | F | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | +| | | SP-120796 | 0012 | 1 | Addition of Network Sharing | C | | | +| Jun 2015 | SA_68 | SP-150316 | 0018 | - 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No +text of + +Error! No text of specified style in +document. + +# Contents + +| | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 8 | +| 4 Solution Set definitions ..... | 8 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 9 | +| A.1 Architectural features..... | 9 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 9 | +| A.1.2 Notification Services..... | 9 | +| A.1.3 Push and Pull Style..... | 9 | +| A.1.4 Support multiple notifications in one push operation ..... | 9 | +| A.1.5 Trace Management Notification Interface ..... | 9 | +| A.1.5.1 Method push (M)..... | 9 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 10 | +| A.2.1 Operation and Notification mapping..... | 10 | +| A.2.2 Operation parameter mapping..... | 10 | +| A.2.3 Notification parameter mapping..... | 12 | +| A.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 17 | +| A.3.1 IDL definition structure..... | 17 | +| A.3.2 IDL specification (file name "TraceIRPConstDefs.idl") ..... | 18 | +| A.3.3 IDL specification (file name "TraceIRPSystem.idl") ..... | 21 | +| A.3.4 IDL specification (file name "TraceIRPNotifications.idl") ..... | 23 | +| Annex B (normative): XML definitions..... | 25 | +| B.1 Architectural Features..... | 25 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 25 | +| B.1.2 Notification Services..... | 25 | +| B.1.3 IOC definitions..... | 25 | +| B.2 Mapping ..... | 25 | +| B.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 25 | +| B.3.1 XML definition structure ..... | 25 | +| B.3.2 Graphical Representation ..... | 26 | +| B.3.3 XML Schema "tMIRPNotif.xsd"..... | 28 | +| B.3.4 XML Schema "tMIRPIOCs.xsd"..... | 30 | +| Annex C (normative): SOAP Solution Set..... | 35 | +| C.1 Architectural features..... | 35 | +| C.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 35 | +| C.1.2 Notification Services..... | 35 | +| C.1.3 Supported W3C specifications..... | 35 | +| C.1.4 Prefixes and namespaces..... | 35 | +| C.2 Mapping ..... | 36 | +| C.2.1 Operation and notification mapping..... | 36 | +| C.2.2 Operation parameter mapping..... | 36 | +| C.2.3 Notification parameter mapping..... | 38 | +| C.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 39 | +| C.3.1 WSDL definition structure ..... | 39 | + +C.3.2 Graphical Representation ..... 39 +C.3.3 WSDL specification “TraceIRPSystem.wsdl” ..... 40 +Annex D (informative): Change history..... 46 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.441 "Trace Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- 32.442 "Trace Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- 32.446 "Trace Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions".** + +The present document is part of a TS-family which describes the information service necessary for the Telecommunication Management (TM) of 3G systems. The TM principles and TM architecture are specified in 3GPP TS 32.101 [2] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [3]. + +Trace provides very detailed information on call level for a specific subscriber or MS. This data is an additional information source to Performance Measurements and allows deeper investigations in problems solving or in case of optimization. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the Solution Set definitions for the IRP whose semantics are specified in Trace Management IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.442 [5]). This specification is applicable to UMTS networks and EPS networks. GSM Trace is outside of the scope of this specification. + +The conditions for supporting Network Sharing are stated in 3GPP TS 32.441 [6]. + +This Solution Set specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.442 V11. 5.X. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.442: "Telecommunication management; Trace Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [6] void. +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.311: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- [8] void. +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.306: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set definitions". +- [11] void. +- [12] OMG TC Document telecom/98-11-01: "OMG Notification Service". + +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.342: "Telecommunication management; File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [14] W3C REC-xml-20001006: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)". +- [15] W3C REC-xmlschema-0-20010502: "XML Schema Part 0: Primer". +- [16] W3C REC-xmlschema-1-20010502: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures". +- [17] W3C REC-xmlschema-2-20010502: "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes". + +- [18] void. + - [19] void. + - [20] void. + - [21] W3C SOAP 1.1 specification () + - [22] W3C XPath 1.0 specification () + - [23] W3C WSDL 1.1 specification () + - [24] W3C SOAP 1.2 specification () +- + +# 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1], 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3], 3GPP TS 32.150 [4] apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +**IRP document version number string (or "IRPVersion"):** See 3GPP TS 32.311 [7]. + +**IRP:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [2]. + +**IRP Agent:** See 3GPP TS 32.102 [3]. + +**IRP Manager:** See 3GPP TS 32.102 [3]. + +**XML file:** file containing an XML document + +**XML document:** composed of the succession of an optional XML declaration followed by a root XML element, see [14]. + +**XML declaration:** it specifies the version of XML being used, see [14]. + +**XML element:** has a type, is identified by a name, may have a set of XML attribute specifications and is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag followed by the XML content of the XML element followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag; each XML element may contain other XML elements, see [14]. + +**empty XML element:** having an empty XML content; an empty XML element still possibly has a set of XML attribute specifications; an empty XML element is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag directly followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag, see [14]. + +**XML content (of an XML element):** empty if the XML element is simply composed of an XML empty-element tag; otherwise the part, possibly empty, of the XML element between its XML start-tag and its XML end-tag, see [14]. + +**XML start-tag:** the beginning of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML start-tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element, see [14]. + +**XML end-tag:** the end of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML end-tag containing the name of the XML element, see [14]. + +**XML empty-element tag:** composed simply of an empty-element tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element, see [14]. + +**XML attribute specification:** has a name and a value, see [14]. + +**DTD:** defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to be valid with regard to this DTD, see [14]. + +**XML schema:** more powerful than a DTD, an XML schema defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to conform with this XML schema; through the use of XML namespaces several XML schemas + +can be used together by a single XML document; an XML schema is itself also an XML document that shall conform with the XML schema for XML schemas, see [15], [16] and [17]. + +**XML namespace:** enables qualifying element and attribute names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by different XML schemas, see [15], [16] and [17]. + +**XML complex type:** defined in an XML schema; cannot be directly used in an XML document; can be the concrete type or the derivation base type for an XML element type or for another XML complex type; ultimately defines constraints for an XML element on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content, see [15], [16] and [17]. + +**XML element type:** declared by an XML schema; can be directly used in an XML document; as the concrete type of an XML element, directly or indirectly defines constraints on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content; can also be the concrete type or the derivation base type for another XML element type, see [15], [16] and [17]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1], in 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3], 3GPP TS 32.150 [4], and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DN | Distinguished Name | +| EM | Element Manager | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| Itf-N | Interface N | +| IS | Information Service | +| MDT | Minimization of Drive Tests | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NE | Network Element | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| RLF | Radio Link Failure | +| SS | Solution Set | +| TS | Technical Specification | + +# --- 4 Solution Set definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP Trace Management IRP Solution Set definitions: + +Annex A provides the CORBA Solution Set. + +Annex B provides the XML definitions. + +Annex C provides the SOAP Solution Set. + +# Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in Trace Management IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.442 [5]). + +## A.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of Trace Management IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.442 [5]. + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The format of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [9]. + +The version of this IRP is represented as a string (see also clause 3 for versions). + +### A.1.2 Notification Services + +Notifications are sent according to the Notification IRP: CORBA SS (see 3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). + +The contents of the TraceIRP notifications are defined in the present document. + +### A.1.3 Push and Pull Style + +OMG Notification Service defines two styles of interaction. One is called push style. In this style, IRP Agent pushes notifications to IRP Manager as soon as they are available. The other is called pull style. In this style, IRP Agent keeps the notifications till IRP Manager requests for them. + +This CORBA SS specifies that support of Push style is Mandatory (M) and that support of Pull style is Optional (O). + +### A.1.4 Support multiple notifications in one push operation + +For efficiency reasons, IRP Agent may send multiple notifications using one single push operation. To pack multiple notifications into one push operation, IRP Agent may wait and not invoke the push operation as soon as notifications are available. To avoid IRP Agent to wait for an extended period of time that is objectionable to IRP Manager, IRP Agent shall implement an IRP Agent wide timer configurable by administrator. On expiration of this timer, IRP Agent shall invoke push if there is at least one notification to be conveyed to IRP Manager. This timer is re-started after each push invocation. + +### A.1.5 Trace Management Notification Interface + +OMG CORBA Notification push operation is used to realise the notification of TraceIRP Notifications. All the notifications in this interface are implemented using this `push_structured_event` method. + +#### A.1.5.1 Method `push` (M) + +``` +module CosNotifyComm { +... +Interface SequencePushConsumer : NotifyPublish { +void push_structured_events( +in CosNotification::EventBatch notifications) +raises( CosEventComm::Disconnected); +... +}; // SequencePushConsumer +... +}; // CosNotifyComm +``` + +- NOTE 1: The push\_structured\_events method takes an input parameter of type EventBatch as defined in the OMG CosNotification module (OMG Notification Service [12]). This data type is the same as a sequence of Structured Events. Upon invocation, this parameter will contain a sequence of Structured Events being delivered to IRPManager by IRPAgent to which it is connected. +- NOTE 2: The maximum number of events that will be transmitted within a single invocation of this operation is controlled by IRPAgent wide configuration parameter. +- NOTE 3: The amount of time the supplier (IRPAgent) of a sequence of Structured Events will accumulate individual events into the sequence before invoking this operation is controlled by IRPAgent wide configuration parameter as well. +- NOTE 4: IRPAgent may push EventBatch with only one Structured Event.. + +## A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 Operation and Notification mapping + +TraceIRP: IS 3GPP TS 32.442 [5] defines semantics of operation and notification visible across the TraceIRP. Table A.2.1 indicates mapping of these operations and notifications to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table A.2.1: Mapping from IS Operations and Notification to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operations/ notification 3GPP TS 32.442 [5] | SS Method | Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| activateTraceJob | activate_trace_job | M | +| deactivateTraceJob | deactivate_trace_job | M | +| listTraceJob | list_trace_job | M | +| listActivatedTraceJob | list_activitated_trace_job | M | +| notifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure | push_structured_events(See subclause A.1.5.1) | O | +| notifyTraceSessionLocalActivation | push_structured_events (See subclause A.1.5.1) | O | + +### A.2.2 Operation parameter mapping + +The TraceIRP: IS 3GPP TS 32.442 [5] defines semantics of parameters carried in operations across the TraceIRP. The following tables indicate the mapping of these parameters, as per operation, to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table A.2.2.1: Mapping from IS activateTraceJob parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| iocInstance | KernelCmConstDefs::DN molInstance | M | +| listOfInterfaces | TraceIRPConstDefs::ListOfInterfaces list_of_interfaces | O | +| listOfNeTypes | TraceIRPConstDefs::ListOfNeTypes list_of_ne_types | CM | +| traceDepth | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceDepth trace_depth | M | +| traceReference | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceReference trace_reference | M | +| traceTarget | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceTarget trace_target | M | +| triggeringEvent | TraceIRPConstDefs::TriggeringEvent triggering_event | CO | +| traceCollectionEntityAddresses | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceCollectionEntityAddress trace_collection_entity_address | CM | +| jobType | TraceIRPConstDefs::JobType job_type | M | +| areaScope | TraceIRPConstDefs::DNSet | CM | +| listOfMeasurements | TraceIRPConstDefs::ListOfMeasurements list_of_measurements | CM | +| reportingTrigger | TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportingTrigger reporting_trigger | CM | +| reportInterval | TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportInterval report_interval | CM | +| reportAmount | TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportAmount report_amount | CM | +| eventThreshold | TraceIRPConstDefs::EventThreshold event_threshold | CM | +| loggingInterval | TraceIRPConstDefs::LoggingInterval logging_interval | CM | +| loggingDuration | TraceIRPConstDefs::LoggingDuration logging_duration | CM | +| anonymizationOfMDTData | TraceIRPConstDefs::AnonymizationOfMDTData anonymization_Of_MDT_Data | CM | +| measurementQuantity | TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementQuantity measurement_quantity | CM | +| measurementPeriodLTE | TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementPeriodLTE measurement_period_lte | CM | +| measurementPeriodUMTS | TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementPeriodUMTS measurement_period_umts | CM | +| collectionPeriodRrmUmts | TraceIRPConstDefs::CollectionPeriodRrmUmts collection_period_rrm_umts | CM | +| collectionPeriodRrmLte | TraceIRPConstDefs::CollectionPeriodRrmLte collection_period_rrm_lte | CM | +| positioningMethod | TraceIRPConstDefs::PositioningMethod positioning_method | CO | +| unsupportedList | TraceIRPConstDefs::UnsupportedList unsupportedList | M | +| status | Return value of type TraceIRPConstDefs::Result
Exception:
ActivateTraceJob, InvalidTraceDepth, InvalidTraceTarget,
NotUniqueTraceReference
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::ParameterNotSupported | M | +| pLMNTarget | TraceIRPConstDefs::PLMNTarget pLMN_target | CM | + +**Table A.2.2.2: Mapping from IS deactivateTraceJob parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| traceReference | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceReference trace_reference | M | +| traceTarget | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceTarget trace_target | M | +| status | Return value of type TraceIRPConstDefs::Result
Exception:
DeactivateTraceJob, NotUniqueTraceReference | M | +| traceRecordingSessionReference | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceRecordingSessionReference trace_recording_session_reference | CM | + +**Table A.2.2.3: Mapping from IS listTraceJob parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| traceReference | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceReference trace_reference | M | +| status | Return value of type TraceIRPConstDefs::Result
Exception:
ListTraceJob, NotUniqueTraceReference | M | +| ioInstance | KernelCmConstDefs::DN ioInstance | M | +| listOfInterfaces | TraceIRPConstDefs::ListOfInterfaces list_of_interfaces | O | +| traceDepth | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceDepth trace_depth | M | +| traceRecordingSessionReference | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceRecordingSessionReference
trace_recording_session_reference | CM | +| traceTarget | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceTarget trace_target | M | +| jobType | TraceIRPConstDefs::JobType job_type | M | +| areaScope | TraceIRPConstDefs::DNSet | CM | +| listOfMeasurements | TraceIRPConstDefs::ListOfMeasurements list_of_measurements | CM | +| reportingTrigger | TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportingTrigger reporting_trigger | CM | +| reportInterval | TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportInterval report_interval | CM | +| reportAmount | TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportAmount report_amount | CM | +| eventThreshold | TraceIRPConstDefs::EventThreshold event_threshold | CM | +| loggingInterval | TraceIRPConstDefs::LoggingInterval logging_interval | CM | +| loggingDuration | TraceIRPConstDefs::LoggingDuration logging_duration | CM | +| triggeringEvent | TraceIRPConstDefs::TriggeringEvent triggering_event | O | +| traceCollectionEntityAddress | TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceCollectionEntityAddress
trace_collection_entity_address | CM | +| anonymizationOfMDTData | TraceIRPConstDefs::AnonymizationOfMDTData
anonymization_of_mdt_data | CM | +| measurementQuantity | TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementQuantity measurement_quantity | CM | +| measurementPeriodLTE | TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementPeriodLTE measurement_period_lte | CM | +| measurementPeriodUMTS | TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementPeriodUMTS measurement_period_ umts | CM | +| collectionPeriodRrmUmts | TraceIRPConstDefs::CollectionPeriodRrmUmts
collection_period_rrm_umts | CM | +| collectionPeriodRrmLte | TraceIRPConstDefs::CollectionPeriodRrmLte collection_period_rrm_lte | CM | +| positioningMethod | TraceIRPConstDefs::PositioningMethod positioning_method | CO | +| pLMNTarget | TraceIRPConstDefs::PLMNTarget pLMN_target | CM | + +**Table A.2.2.4: Mapping from IS listActivatedTraceJobs parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| traceReferenceList | TraceMIRPConstDefs::TraceReferenceList trace_reference_list | M | +| status | Return value of type TraceIRPConstDefs::Result | M | + +### A.2.3 Notification parameter mapping + +The TraceIRP: IS 3GPP TS 32.442 [5] defines semantics of parameters carried in notifications. The following table indicates the mapping of these parameters to their OMG CORBA Structured Event (defined in OMG Notification Service [12]) equivalents. The composition of OMG Structured Event, as defined in the OMG Notification Service [12], is: + +``` +Header + Fixed Header + domain_name + type_name + event_name + Variable Header +``` + +Body + +filterable\_body\_fields +remaining\_body + +The following tables list all OMG Structured Event attributes in the second column. The first column identifies the TraceIRP: IS 3GPP TS 32.442 [5] defined notification parameters. + +Table A.2.3.1: Mapping for **notifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure** + +| IS Parameters | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Qualifier | Comment | +|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | domain_name | M | It carries the IRP document version number string. See subclause 3.1.
It indicates the syntax and semantics of the Structured Event as defined by the present document. | +| notificationType | type_name | M | This is constant string "notifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure". | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | event_name | M | It carries no information. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | Variable Header | | | +| objectClass, objectInstance | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | NV stands for name-value pair. Order arrangement of NV pairs is not significant. The name of NV-pair is always encoded in string.

Name of this NV pair is the MANAGED_OBJECT_INSTANCE of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| notificationId | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the NOTIFICATION_ID of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a long. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| eventTime | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the EVENT_TIME of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is IRPTime. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| systemDN | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the SYSTEM_DN of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| traceRecordingSessionReference | One NV pair of remaining_body | O | Name of NV pair is the TRACE_RECORDING_SESSION_REFERENCE of TraceIRPNotifications::notifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure.

Value of NV pair is TraceRecordingSessionReference of module TraceIRPConstDefs. | +| traceReference | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the TRACE_REFERENCE of TraceIRPNotifications::notifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure.

Value of NV pair is TraceReference of module TraceIRPConstDefs. | +| reason | One NV pair of remaining_body | O | Name of NV pair is the REASON of traceIRPNotifications:: notifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure.

Value of NV pair is a string. | + +Table A.2.3.2: Mapping for **notifyTraceSessionLocalActivation** + +| IS Parameters | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Qualifier | Comment | +|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | domain_name | M | It carries the IRP document version number string. See subclause 3.1.
It indicates the syntax and semantics of the Structured Event as defined by the present document. | +| notificationType | type_name | M | This is constant string "notifyThresholdMonitorObjectCreation". | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | event_name | M | It carries no information. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | Variable Header | | | +| objectClass, objectInstance | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | NV stands for name-value pair. Order arrangement of NV pairs is not significant. The name of NV-pair is always encoded in string.

Name of this NV pair is the MANAGED_OBJECT_INSTANCE of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| notificationId | One NV pair of remaining body | M | Name of NV pair is the NOTIFICATION_ID of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a long. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| eventTime | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the EVENT_TIME of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is IRPTime. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| systemDN | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the SYSTEM_DN of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| traceReference | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the TRACE_REFERENCE of module TraceIRPNotifications::notifyTraceSessionLocalActivation.

Value of NV pair is TraceReference of module TraceIRPConstDefs. | +| traceTarget | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the TRACE_TARGET of module TraceIRPNotifications::notifyTraceSessionLocalActivation.

Value of NV pair is TraceTarget of module TraceIRPConstDefs. | +| iOCInstance | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the IOC_INSTANCE of module TraceIRPNotifications::notifyTraceSessionLocalActivation.

Value of NV pair is MOClassName of module TraceIRPConstDefs. | + +Table A.2.3.3: Mapping for notifyTraceSessionIdentities + +| IS Parameters | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Qualifier | Comment | +|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | domain_name | M | It carries the IRP document version number string. See subclause 3.1.
It indicates the syntax and semantics of the Structured Event as defined by the present document. | +| notificationType | type_name | M | This is constant string "notifyTraceSessionIdentities". | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | event_name | M | It carries no information. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | Variable Header | | | +| objectClass, objectInstance | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | NV stands for name-value pair. Order arrangement of NV pairs is not significant. The name of NV-pair is always encoded in string.

Name of this NV pair is the MANAGED_OBJECT_INSTANCE of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| notificationId | One NV pair of remaining body | M | Name of NV pair is the NOTIFICATION_ID of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a long. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| eventTime | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the EVENT_TIME of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is IRPTime. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| systemDN | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the SYSTEM_DN of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [10]). | +| traceReference | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the TRACE_REFERENCE of module TraceIRPNotifications::notifyTraceSessionLocalActivation .

Value of NV pair is TraceReference of module TraceIRPConstDefs. | +| traceRecordingSessionReference | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the TRACE_RECORDING_SESSION_REFERENCE of TraceIRPNotifications::notifyTraceSessionIdentities

Value of NV pair is TraceReference of module TraceIRPConstDefs. | +| traceTarget | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the TRACE_TARGET of module TraceIRPNotifications::notifyTraceSessionIdentities.

Value of NV pair is TraceTarget of module TraceIRPConstDefs. | +| iOCInstance | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the IOC_INSTANCE of module TraceIRPNotifications::notifyTraceSessionIdentities.

Value of NV pair is MOClassName of module TraceIRPConstDefs. | + +## --- A.3 Solution Set definitions + +### A.3.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.3.2 defines the constants and types used by the Trace Management IRP. + +Clause A.3.3 defines the operations which are performed by the Trace Management IRP agent. + +Clause A.3.4 defines the notifications which are emitted by the Trace Management IRP agent. + +### A.3.2 IDL specification (file name "TraceIRPConstDefs.idl") + +``` + +//File: TraceIRPConstDefs.idl +#ifndef _Trace_IRP_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ +#define _Trace_IRP_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ +#include + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/* ## Module: TraceIRPConstDefs +This module contains commonly used definitions for Trace IRP +===== +*/ +module TraceIRPConstDefs +{ + + enum Result Enum {OK, FAILURE, PARTIAL_SUCCESS}; + + typedef struct TraceReference + { + short mcc; + short mnc; + unsigned long traceId; + }; + typedef sequence TraceReferenceList; + + typedef unsigned long TraceRecordingSessionReference; + + typedef string TraceCollectionEntityAddress; + + /* the values of the InterfaceBitmap is coming from the ListOfInterfaces trace parameter definition +in 3GPP TS 32.422. The InterfaceBitmap shall carry the decimal value that is calculated from the +bitmap, defined in TS 32.422.*/ + typedef struct Interfaces + { + NeType NetworkElement; + Integer InterfaceBitmap; + }; + typedef sequence ListOfInterfaces; + + /* +ListOfInterfacesOptional is a type carrying a conditional parameter. +The boolean shall be TRUE, if the operation request uses this parameter. In this case the value is +present. Otherwise the value is absent. +*/ + union ListOfInterfacesOptional switch (boolean) + { + case TRUE: ListOfInterfaces value; + }; + + enum NeType {MSC_SERVER, MGW, RNC, SGSN, GGSN, BM_SC, eNB, MME, SGW, PGW }; + + typedef sequence ListOfNeTypes; + + enum TraceDepth {MINIMUM, MEDIUM, MAXIMUM, VENDORMINIMUM, VENDORMEDIUM, VENDORMAXIMUM}; + + enum TraceTargetType {IMSI, IMEI, IMEISV, PUBLIC_ID, UTRAN_CELL, E-UTRAN_CELL, eNB, RNC}; + + typedef struct TraceTarget + { + TraceTargetType typeFlag; + String traceTargetId; + }; + + enum JobType {IMMEDIATE_MDT_ONLY, LOGGED_MDT_ONLY, TRACE_ONLY, IMMEDIATE_MDT_TRACE, RLF_REPORT_ONLY, +RCEF_REPORT_ONLY }; + typedef sequence DNSet; + +``` + +``` +enum ReportAmount {1,2,4,8,16,32,64,INFINITY}; +enum ReportInterval +{250ms, 500ms, 1000ms, 2000ms, 3000ms, 4000ms, 6000ms, 8000ms, 12000ms, 16000ms, 20000ms, 24000ms, 28000ms, 32000 +ms, 64000ms, 120ms, 240ms, 480ms, 640ms, 1024ms, 2048ms, 5120ms, 10240ms, 60000ms, 360000ms, 720000ms, 1800000ms, +3600000ms}; +enum LoggingInterval {1.28s, 2.56s, 5.12s, 10.24s, 20.48s, 30.72s, 40.96s, 61.44s}; +enum LoggingDuration {600s, 1200s, 2400s, 3600s, 5400s, 7200s}; +enum AnonymizationOfMDTData {NO_Identity, TAC_of_IMEI}; + +/* the values of the EventBitmap is coming from the TriggeringEvent trace parameter definition in +3GPP TS 32.422. The EventBitmap shall carry the decimal value that is calculated from the +triggering event bitmap as defined in TS 32.422.*/ + +typedef struct Events +{ + NeType NetworkElement; + Integer EventBitmap; +}; +typedef sequence TriggeringEvent; + +/* +MeasurementsBitMap is used for MDT measurements item selection. Define it as a type of Integer means +the selection is mapped into each bit of total 16 bit, as defined in 32.422 Claus 5. +*/ + +/* the values of the MeasurementsBitMap is coming from the TriggeringEvent trace parameter +definition in 3GPP TS 32.422. The MeasurementsBitMap shall carry the decimal value that is +calculated from the MDT Measurements bitmap as defined in TS 32.422.*/ + +enum MobileTechType {UMTS, LTE}; +typedef struct Measurements +{ + MobileTechType MobilityTech; + Integer MeasurementsBitMap; +}; +typedef sequence ListOfMeasurements; + +/* Event threshold parameter carries the threshold values used to event triggered MDT reporting. In +LTE case either the EventThreshold RSRP or EventThresholdRSRQ is selected, in UMTS either +EventThreshold1F or EventThreshold1I is selected. */ + +union EventThreshold switch (long) +{ + case 0: + integer EventThresholdRSRP; + case 1: + integer EventThresholdRSRQ; + case 2: + integer EventThreshold1F; + case 3: + integer EventThreshold1I; +} + +/* the values of the MeasurementQuantity is coming from the MeasurementQuantity MDT parameter +definition in 3GPP TS 32.422. The MeasurementsQuantity shall carry the decimal value that is +calculated from the MDT Measurement Quantity bitmap as defined in TS 32.422.*/ + +Integer MeasurementQuantity; + +/* +ReportingTriggerBitMap is used for MDT measurements reporting. Define it as a type of Integer means +the reporting mechanism is mapped into each bit of total 8 bit, as defined in 32.422 Claus 5. +*/ + +/* the values of the ReportingTriggerBitMap is coming from the TriggeringEvent trace parameter +definition in 3GPP TS 32.422. The ReportingTriggerBitMap shall carry the decimal value that is +calculated from the MDT Measurements bitmap as defined in TS 32.422.*/ + +typedef struct ReportingTrigger +{ + MobileTechType MobilityTech; + Integer ReportingTriggerBitMap; +}; + +/* +TriggeringEventConditional is a type carrying a conditional parameter. +``` + +----- + +----- + +The boolean shall be TRUE, if the operation the condition is fulfilled and the request uses this parameter. In this case the value is present. Otherwise the value is absent. + +\*/ + +union TriggeringEventConditional switch (boolean) + +{ +case TRUE: TriggeringEvent value; +}; + +enum measurementPeriodLTE {1024ms, 1280ms, 2048ms, 2560ms, 5120ms, 10240ms, 1min}; + +enum measurementPeriodUMTS {250ms, 500ms, 1000ms, 2000ms, 3000ms, 4000ms, 6000ms, 8000ms, 12000ms, 16000ms, 20000ms, 24000ms, 28000ms, 32000ms, 64000ms}; + +enum collectionPeriodRrmUmts {250ms, 500ms, 1000ms, 2000ms, 3000ms, 4000ms, 6000ms, 8000ms, 12000ms, 16000ms, 20000ms, 24000ms, 28000ms, 32000ms, 64000ms}; + +enum collectionPeriodRrmLte {1024ms, 1280ms, 2048ms, 2560ms, 5120ms, 10240ms, 1min}; + +/\* + +PositioningMethod is used for MDT measurements reporting. Define it as a type of Integer means the reporting mechanism is mapped into each bit of total 8 bit, as defined in 32.422 Clause 5. + +\*/ + +Integer PositioningMethod; + +enum UnsupportedItem {MANAGED\_ENTITY, TRACE\_DEPTH, LIST\_OF\_INTERFACES, TRACE\_TARGET, MDT\_AREA\_SCOPE, LIST\_OF\_MEASUREMENTS, REPORTING\_TRIGGER, REPORT\_INTERVAL, REPORT\_AMOUNT, EVENT\_THRESHOLD, LOGGING\_INTERVAL, LOGGING\_DURATION, ANONYMIZATION\_OF\_MDT\_DATA, MEASUREMENT\_PERIOD\_LTE, MEASUREMENT\_PERIOD\_UMTS, COLLECTION\_PERIOD\_RRM\_UMTS, COLLECTION\_PERIOD\_RRM\_LTE, POSITIONING\_METHOD, REASON}; + +typedef sequence UnsupportedList; + +/\*\* + +\* This block identifies attributes which are included as part of the +\* notifications defined within TraceIRP. These attribute values should not +\* clash with those defined for the attributes of notification +\* header (see IDL of Notification IRP). +\*/ + +interface AttributeNameValue + +{ +const string TRACE\_RECORDING\_SESSION\_REFERENCE = "TRACE\_RECORDING\_SESSION\_REFERENCE"; +const string TRACE\_REFERENCE = "TRACE\_REFERENCE"; +const string TRACE\_TARGET = "TRACE\_TARGET"; +const string MO\_INSTANCE = "MO\_INSTANCE"; +const string REASON = "REASON"; +}; + +}; + +### A.3.3 IDL specification (file name “TraceIRPSystem.idl”) + +``` + +//File: TraceIRPSystem.idl +#ifndef _TRACE_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +#define _TRACE_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ + +#include +#include +#include #include + +//This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/* Module: TraceIRPSystem +This module contains the specification of all operations of Trace IRP Agent. +===== +*/ +module TraceIRP +{ + exception ActivateTraceJob { string reason; }; + exception NotUniqueTraceReference { string reason; }; + exception DeactivateTraceJob { string reason; }; + exception ListTraceJob { string reason; }; + exception ListActivatedTraceJob { string reason; }; + + interface TraceIRP + { + /** + * Request to activate a TraceJob through Itf-N. + **/ + TraceIRPConstDefs::ResultEnum activateTraceJob ( + in KernelCmConstDefs::DN moInstance, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::ListOfInterfacesOptional listOfInterfaces, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::ListOfNeTypes listOfNeTypes, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceDepth traceDepth, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceReference traceReference, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceTarget traceTarget, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::TriggeringEventConditional triggeringEvent, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceCollectionEntityAddress traceCollectionEntityAddress, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::JobType jobType, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::DNSet areaScope, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::ListOfMeasurements listOfMeasurements, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportingTrigger reportingTrigger, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportInterval reportInterval, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportAmount reportAmount, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::EventThreshold eventThreshold, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::LoggingInterval loggingInterval, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::LoggingDuration loggingDuration, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::AnonymizationOfMDTData anonymizationOfMDTData, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementQuantity measurementQuantity, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementPeriodLTE measurementPeriodLTE, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementPeriodUMTS measurementPeriodUMTS, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::CollectionPeriodRrmUmts collectionPeriodRrmUmts, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::CollectionPeriodRrmLte collectionPeriodRrmLte, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::PositioningMethod positioningMethod, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::PLMNTarget pLMNTarget, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::UnsupportedList unsupportedList + ) + raises (ActivateTraceJob, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::InvalidParameter, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::ValueNotSupported, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::OperationNotSupported, + NotUniqueTraceReference); + + /** + * Request to deactivate a TraceJob through Itf-N. + **/ + + TraceIRPConstDefs::ResultEnum deactivateTraceJob ( + in TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceReference traceReference, + in TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceTarget traceTarget, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceRecordingSessionReference traceRecordingSessionReference) + raises (DeactivateTraceJob, + NotUniqueTraceReference, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::InvalidParameter, + ); + } +} + +``` + +----- + +----- + +``` + + GenericIRPManagementSystem::ValueNotSupported, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::OperationNotSupported); + + /** + * Request to list the parameters of a specific TraceJob through Itf-N. + */ + TraceIRPConstDefs::ResultEnum listTraceJob ( + in TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceReference traceReference, + out KernelCmConstDefs::DN moInstance, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::ListOfInterfaces listOfInterfaces, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceDepth traceDepth, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceRecordingSessionReference traceRecordingSessionReference, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceTarget traceTarget, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::TriggeringEvent triggeringEvent, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceCollectionEntityAddress traceCollectionEntityAddress, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::JobType jobType, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::DNSet areaScope, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::ListOfMeasurements listOfMeasurements, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportingTrigger reportingTrigger, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportInterval reportInterval, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::ReportAmount reportAmount, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::Integer eventThreshold, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::LoggingInterval loggingInterval, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::LoggingDuration loggingDuration, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::AnonymizationOfMDTData, anonymizationOfMDTData, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementQuantity measurementQuantity) + out TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementPeriodLTE, measurementPeriodLTE, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::MeasurementPeriodUMTS measurementPeriodUMTS, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::CollectionPeriodRrmUmts, collectionPeriodRrmUmts, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::CollectionPeriodRrmLte, collectionPeriodRrmLte, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::PositioningMethod positioningMethod, + out TraceIRPConstDefs::PLMNTarget pLMNTarget, + ) + + raises (ListTraceJob, + NotUniqueTraceReference, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::InvalidParameter, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::ValueNotSupported, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::OperationNotSupported); + + /** + * Request to list the activated TraceJobs through Itf-N. + */ + TraceIRPConstDefs::ResultEnum listActivatedTraceJob ( + out TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceReferenceList traceReferenceList) + raises (ListActivatedTraceJob, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::InvalidParameter, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::ValueNotSupported, + GenericIRPManagementSystem::OperationNotSupported); + ); +}; + +#endif // _TRACE_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ + +``` + +### A.3.4 IDL specification (file name “TraceIRPNotifications.idl”) + +``` + +//File: TraceIRPNotifications.idl +#ifndef _TRACE_IRP_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ +#define _TRACE_IRP_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ + +#include +#include + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/* Module: TraceIRPNotifications +This module contains the specification of all notifications of Trace IRP Agent. +===== +*/ +module TraceIRPNotifications +{ + + /** + * Constant definitions for the notifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure notification + */ + + interface NotifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure: NotificationIRPNotifications::Notify + { + const string EVENT_TYPE = "notifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure"; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the TraceRecordingSessionReference property. + * The data type for the value of this property is + * TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceRecordingSessionReference. + */ + + const string TRACE_RECORDING_SESSION_REFERENCE = +TraceIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::TRACE_RECORDING_SESSION_REFERENCE; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the TraceReference property. + * The data type for the value of this property is + * TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceReference. + */ + + const string TRACE_REFERENCE = TraceIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::TRACE_REFERENCE; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the reason property. + * The data type for the value of this property is string. + */ + + const string REASON = TraceIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::REASON; + }; + + /** + * Constant definitions for the notifyTraceSessionLocalActivation notification + */ + + interface NotifyTraceSessionLocalActivation: NotificationIRPNotifications::Notify + { + const string EVENT_TYPE = "notifyTraceSessionLocalActivation"; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the TraceReference property. + * The data type for the value of this property is + * TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceReference. + */ + + const string TRACE_REFERENCE = TraceIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::TRACE_REFERENCE; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the TraceTarget property. + * The data type for the value of this property is + * TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceTarget. + */ + + const string TRACE_TARGET = TraceIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::TRACE_TARGET; + }; +} + +``` + +``` +/** + * This constant defines the name of the Managed Entity Object Instance property. + * The data type for the value of this property is string. + */ +const string MO_INSTANCE = TraceIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::MO_INSTANCE; +}; + +/** + * Constant definitions for the notifyTraceSessionIdentities notification + */ +interface NotifyTraceSessionIdentities: NotificationIRPNotifications::Notify +{ + const string EVENT_TYPE = "notifyTraceSessionIdentities"; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the TraceReference property. + * The data type for the value of this property is + * TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceReference. + */ + const string TRACE_REFERENCE = TraceIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::TRACE_REFERENCE; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the TraceRecordingSessionReference property. + * The data type for the value of this property is + * TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceRecordingSessionReference. + */ + const string TRACE_RECORDING_SESSION_REFERENCE = + TraceIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::TRACE_RECORDING_SESSION_REFERENCE; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the TraceTarget property. + * The data type for the value of this property is + * TraceIRPConstDefs::TraceTarget. + */ + const string TRACE_TARGET = TraceIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::TRACE_TARGET; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the Managed Entity Object Instance property. + * The data type for the value of this property is string. + */ + const string MO_INSTANCE = TraceIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::MO_INSTANCE; +}; + +#endif // _TRACE_IRP_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): XML definitions + +This annex contains the XML definitions for the Trace Management IRP for the IRP whose semantics is specified in Trace Management IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.442 [5]). + +This XML definitions specification defines the XML syntax of the Trace Management IRP XML Data File. + +## --- B.1 Architectural Features + +The overall architectural feature of Trace Management IRP is specified in 3G TS 32.442 [5]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the XML definitions. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [9]. + +### B.1.2 Notification Services + +This annex defines the XML syntax of Trace Management IRP notifications that is to be used for the Trace Management IRP SOAP Solution Set and in conjunction with Notification Log IRP XML definitions for Notification Log IRP XML Data File and the NL IRP XML Notification Format. + +### B.1.3 IOC definitions + +This annex defines the XML syntax for the IOC definitions of the Trace Management IRP IS [5], which are used by the XML definitions for the Trace Management IRP notifications and the Trace Management IRP IS operations. + +## --- B.2 Mapping + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +## --- B.3 Solution Set definitions + +### B.3.1 XML definition structure + +Clause B.3.2 provides a graphical representation of the XML elements. + +Clause B.3.3 provides XML definitions of Trace Management IRP notifications as defined in [5]. These definitions are to be used for the Trace Management IRP SOAP Solution Set. For Trace IRP XML File Name Conventions the generic file name definitions as specified by the FT IRP apply (see [13]). + +Clause B.3.4 provides XML definitions of Trace Management IOC as defined in [5]. + +### B.3.2 Graphical Representation + +![ASN.1 diagram for NotifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure. The message structure includes a 'tr:body' containing 'tr:TraceRecordingSessionRef...', 'tr:TraceReference', and 'tr:Reason'. 'tr:TraceReference' contains 'tr:MCC', 'tr:MNC', and 'tr:TRACE_ID'.](58f4167687de8d7339594e5f6fbe0bc6_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the graphical representation of the **NotifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure** message structure: + +The message structure is defined by the **tr:NotifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure** type. It contains a **tr:body** element, which is a sequence of three elements: + +- tr:TraceRecordingSessionRef...** (indicated by a dashed box) +- tr:TraceReference** (indicated by a solid box) +- tr:Reason** (indicated by a dashed box) + +The **tr:TraceReference** element contains the following sub-elements: + +- tr:MCC** +- tr:MNC** +- tr:TRACE\_ID** + +ASN.1 diagram for NotifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure. The message structure includes a 'tr:body' containing 'tr:TraceRecordingSessionRef...', 'tr:TraceReference', and 'tr:Reason'. 'tr:TraceReference' contains 'tr:MCC', 'tr:MNC', and 'tr:TRACE\_ID'. + +![ASN.1 diagram for NotifyTraceSessionLocalActivation. The message structure includes a 'tr:body' containing 'tr:TraceReference', 'tr:TraceTarget', and 'tr:IOCInstance'. 'tr:TraceReference' contains 'tr:MCC', 'tr:MNC', and 'tr:TRACE_ID'. 'tr:TraceTarget' contains 'tr:INSI', 'tr:INEI', 'tr:INEISV', 'tr:PUBLIC_ID', 'tr:UTRAN_CELL', 'tr:E-UTRAN_CELL', 'tr:eNB', and 'tr:RNC'.](e821c3d8a87ee2a9ff6b8644ffe6bdae_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the graphical representation of the **NotifyTraceSessionLocalActivation** message structure: + +The message structure is defined by the **tr:NotifyTraceSessionLocalActivation** type. It contains a **tr:body** element, which is a sequence of three elements: + +- tr:TraceReference** (indicated by a solid box) +- tr:TraceTarget** (indicated by a solid box) +- tr:IOCInstance** (indicated by a solid box) + +The **tr:TraceReference** element contains the following sub-elements: + +- tr:MCC** +- tr:MNC** +- tr:TRACE\_ID** + +The **tr:TraceTarget** element contains the following sub-elements: + +- tr:INSI** +- tr:INEI** +- tr:INEISV** +- tr:PUBLIC\_ID** +- tr:UTRAN\_CELL** +- tr:E-UTRAN\_CELL** +- tr:eNB** +- tr:RNC** + +ASN.1 diagram for NotifyTraceSessionLocalActivation. The message structure includes a 'tr:body' containing 'tr:TraceReference', 'tr:TraceTarget', and 'tr:IOCInstance'. 'tr:TraceReference' contains 'tr:MCC', 'tr:MNC', and 'tr:TRACE\_ID'. 'tr:TraceTarget' contains 'tr:INSI', 'tr:INEI', 'tr:INEISV', 'tr:PUBLIC\_ID', 'tr:UTRAN\_CELL', 'tr:E-UTRAN\_CELL', 'tr:eNB', and 'tr:RNC'. + +![UML sequence diagram for NotifyTraceSessionIdentification. The diagram shows a 'tr:body' element containing 'tr:TraceReference' and 'tr:TraceTarget' components. 'tr:TraceReference' is linked to a 'tr:TraceReference' box containing 'tr:MCC', 'tr:MNC', and 'tr:TRACE_ID'. 'tr:TraceTarget' is linked to a 'tr:TraceTarget' box containing 'tr:IMSI', 'tr:IMEI', 'tr:IMEISV', 'tr:PUBLIC_ID', 'tr:UTRAN_CELL', 'tr:E-UTRAN_CELL', 'tr:eNB', and 'tr:RNC'.](2ae3eae1bd80a90f192f568ae246a9a6_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant NE as NotifyTraceSessionIdentification + Note right of NE: tr:body + Note right of tr:body: tr:TraceReference + Note right of tr:TraceReference: tr:MCC, tr:MNC, tr:TRACE_ID + Note right of tr:body: tr:TraceTarget + Note right of tr:TraceTarget: tr:IMSI, tr:IMEI, tr:IMEISV, tr:PUBLIC_ID, tr:UTRAN_CELL, tr:E-UTRAN_CELL, tr:eNB, tr:RNC +``` + +UML sequence diagram for NotifyTraceSessionIdentification. The diagram shows a 'tr:body' element containing 'tr:TraceReference' and 'tr:TraceTarget' components. 'tr:TraceReference' is linked to a 'tr:TraceReference' box containing 'tr:MCC', 'tr:MNC', and 'tr:TRACE\_ID'. 'tr:TraceTarget' is linked to a 'tr:TraceTarget' box containing 'tr:IMSI', 'tr:IMEI', 'tr:IMEISV', 'tr:PUBLIC\_ID', 'tr:UTRAN\_CELL', 'tr:E-UTRAN\_CELL', 'tr:eNB', and 'tr:RNC'. + +![UML sequence diagram for TriggeringEvent. The diagram shows a 'TriggeringEvent' element linked to an 'xti:Events' box with a 0..∞ multiplicity. Inside the 'xti:Events' box are 'xti:NetworkElement' and 'xti:EventBitmap' elements, both with 0..∞ multiplicities.](e90987faabad6a6665cd8ed1151dc474_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant TE as TriggeringEvent + Note right of TE: xti:Events 0..∞ + Note right of xti:Events: xti:NetworkElement 0..∞ + Note right of xti:Events: xti:EventBitmap 0..∞ +``` + +UML sequence diagram for TriggeringEvent. The diagram shows a 'TriggeringEvent' element linked to an 'xti:Events' box with a 0..∞ multiplicity. Inside the 'xti:Events' box are 'xti:NetworkElement' and 'xti:EventBitmap' elements, both with 0..∞ multiplicities. + +### B.3.3 XML Schema "tMIRPNotif.xsd" + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` +minOccurs="0"/> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +### B.3.4 XML Schema "tMIRPIOCs.xsd" + +``` + + + + + elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +----- + +----- + +``` + + + + + +``` + +# Annex C (normative): SOAP Solution Set + +This annex specifies the SOAP Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics are specified in Trace Management IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.442 [5]). + +## C.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of the Trace Management IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.442 [5]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the SOAP solution set. + +### C.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [9]. + +### C.1.2 Notification Services + +The Trace Management IRP SOAP SS uses the Notification IRP SOAP SS of 3GPP TS 32.306 [10]. The IRP Agent shall support the push interface model, which means that the IRP Agent sends trace management notifications to the IRP Manager as soon as new events occur. The IRP Manager does not need to check ("pull") for events. + +### C.1.3 Supported W3C specifications + +The SOAP 1.1 specification [21] and WSDL 1.1 specification [23] are supported. + +The SOAP 1.2 specification [24] is supported optionally. + +This specification uses "document" style in WSDL file. + +This specification uses "literal" encoding style in WSDL file. + +The filter language used in the SS is the XPath Language (see W3C XPath 1.0 specification [22]). IRP Agents may throw a FilterComplexityLimit fault when a given filter is too complex. + +Relevant definitions are imported from the Trace Management IRP XML definitions of Annex B + +### C.1.4 Prefixes and namespaces + +This specification uses a number of namespace prefixes throughout that are listed in Table C.1.4. + +**Table C.1.4: Prefixes and Namespaces used in this specification** + +| PREFIX | NAMESPACE | +|------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| (no prefix) |
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/ | +| soap | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/ | +| traceRPSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.446#TraceIRPSystem | +| traceIRPData | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.446#TraceIRPData | +| xti | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.446#tMIRPIOCs | +| xn | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.626#genericNrm | +| genericIRPSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.316#GenericIRPSystem | +| ntfIRPNtfSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.306#NotificationIRPNtfSystem | + +## C.2 Mapping + +### C.2.1 Operation and notification mapping + +The Trace Management IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.442 [5]) defines semantics of operation and notification visible across the Itf-N. Table C.2.1 indicates mapping of these operations and notifications to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table C.2.1: Mapping from IS Operation to SS Equivalents** + +| IS Operations in 3GPP TS 32.442 [5] | SS Operations | SS Port | Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------|------------------------|------------------------|-----------| +| activateTraceJob | activateTraceJob | TraceIRPManagementPort | M | +| deactivateTraceJob | deactivateTraceJob | TraceIRPManagementPort | M | +| listTraceJob | listTraceJob | TraceIRPManagementPort | M | +| listActivatedTraceJobs | listActivatedTraceJobs | TraceIRPManagementPort | O | +| notifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure | notify (note 1) | NotificationIRPNtfPort | O | +| notifyTraceSessionLocalActivation | notify (note 1) | NotificationIRPNtfPort | M | +| notifyTraceSessionIdentities | notify (note 1) | NotificationIRPNtfPort | CM | + +NOTE 1: The IS equivalent maps to an XML definition specified in Annex B, and this being an input parameter to the operation notify under the port type ntfIRPNtfSystem:NotificationIRPNtf and under the binding ntfIRPNtfSystem:NotificationIRPNtf of 3GPP TS 32.306 [10]. + +### C.2.2 Operation parameter mapping + +The Trace Management IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.442 [5]) defines semantics of parameters carried in the operations. The tables below show the mapping of these parameters, as per operation, to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table C.2.2.1: Mapping from IS activateTraceJob parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|-----------| +| iOCInstance | iOCInstance | M | +| listOfInterfaces | listOfInterfaces | O | +| listOfNeTypes | listOfNeTypes | CM | +| traceDepth | traceDepth | M | +| traceReference | traceReference | M | +| traceTarget | traceTarget | M | +| triggeringEvent | triggeringEvent | CO | +| traceCollectionEntityAddresses | traceCollectionEntityAddresses | CM | +| jobType | jobType | M | +| areaScope | areaScope | CM | +| listOfMeasurements | listOfMeasurements | CM | +| reportingTrigger | reportingTrigger | CM | +| reportInterval | reportInterval | CM | +| reportAmount | reportAmount | CM | +| eventThreshold | eventThreshold | CM | +| loggingInterval | loggingInterval | CM | +| loggingDuration | loggingDuration | CM | +| anonymizationOfMDTData | anonymizationOfMDTData | CM | +| measurementQuantity | measurementQuantity | CM | +| measurementPeriodLTE | measurementPeriodLTE | CM | +| measurementPeriodUMTS | measurementPeriodUMTS | CM | +| collectionPeriodRrmUmts | collectionPeriodRrmUmts | CM | +| collectionPeriodRrmLte | collectionPeriodRrmLte | CM | +| positioningMethod | positioningMethod | CO | +| unsupportedList | unsupportedList | M | +| status | status | M | +| pLMNTarget | pLMNTarget | CM | + +**Table C.2.2.2: Mapping from IS deactivateTraceJob parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|-----------| +| traceReference | traceReference | M | +| traceTarget | traceTarget | M | +| traceRecordingSessionReference | traceRecordingSessionReference | CM | +| status | status | M | + +**Table C.2.2.3: Mapping from IS listTraceJob parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|-----------| +| traceReference | traceReference | M | +| iOCInstance | iOCInstance | M | +| listOfInterfaces | listOfInterfaces | O | +| traceDepth | traceDepth | M | +| traceRecordingSessionReference | traceRecordingSessionReference | CM | +| traceTarget | traceTarget | M | +| triggeringEvent | triggeringEvent | O | +| traceCollectionEntityAddress | traceCollectionEntityAddress | CM | +| jobType | jobType | M | +| areaScope | areaScope | CM | +| listOfMeasurements | listOfMeasurements | CM | +| reportingTrigger | reportingTrigger | CM | +| reportInterval | reportInterval | CM | +| reportAmount | reportAmount | CM | +| eventThreshold | eventThreshold | CM | +| loggingInterval | loggingInterval | CM | +| loggingDuration | loggingDuration | CM | +| anonymizationOfMDTData | anonymizationOfMDTData | CM | +| measurementQuantity | measurementQuantity | CM | +| measurementPeriodLTE | measurementPeriodLTE | CM | +| measurementPeriodUMTS | measurementPeriodUMTS | CM | +| collectionPeriodRrmUmts | collectionPeriodRrmUmts | CM | +| collectionPeriodRrmLte | collectionPeriodRrmLte | CM | +| positioningMethod | positioningMethod | CO | +| status | status | M | +| pLMNTarget | pLMNTarget | CM | + +**Table C.2.2.4: Mapping from IS listTraceJobs parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|---------------------|-----------| +| traceReferenceList | traceReferenceList | M | +| status | status | M | + +### C.2.3 Notification parameter mapping + +The Trace Management IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.442 [5]) defines semantics of parameters carried in notifications. The following tables indicate the mapping of these parameters to their SS equivalents. + +**Table C.2.3.1: Mapping for notifyTraceRecordingSessionFailure** + +| IS Parameters | Parameters | Qualifier | Comment | +|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|-----------|---------| +| objectClass | objectClass | M | | +| objectInstance | objectInstance | M | | +| eventTime | eventTime | M | | +| notificationType | notificationType | M | | +| systemDN | systemDN | M | | +| notificationID | notificationID | O | | +| traceRecordingSessionReference | traceRecordingSessionReference | O | | +| traceReference | traceReference | M | | +| reason | reason | O | | + +**Table C.2.3.2: Mapping for notifyTraceSessionLocalActivation** + +| IS Parameters | Parameters | Qualifier | Comment | +|------------------|------------------|-----------|---------| +| objectClass | objectClass | M | | +| objectInstance | objectInstance | M | | +| eventTime | eventTime | M | | +| notificationType | notificationType | M | | +| systemDN | systemDN | M | | +| notificationID | notificationID | O | | +| traceReference | traceReference | M | | +| traceTarget | traceTarget | M | | +| iOCInstance | iOCInstance | M | | + +**Table C.2.3.3: Mapping for notifyTraceSessionIdentities** + +| IS Parameters | Parameters | Qualifier | Comment | +|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|-----------|---------| +| objectClass | objectClass | M | | +| objectInstance | objectInstance | M | | +| eventTime | eventTime | M | | +| notificationType | notificationType | M | | +| systemDN | systemDN | M | | +| notificationID | notificationID | O | | +| traceReference | traceReference | M | | +| traceRecordingSessionReference | traceRecordingSessionReference | M | | +| traceTarget | traceTarget | M | | + +## C.3 Solution Set definitions + +### C.3.1 WSDL definition structure + +Clause C.3.2 provides a graphical representation of the Trace Management IRP service. + +Clause C.3.3 defines the services which are supported the Trace Management IRP agent. + +### C.3.2 Graphical Representation + +The WSDL structure is depicted in Figure C.3.2 below, depicting port type, binding and service. The port type contains port type operations, which again contains input, output and fault messages. The binding contains binding operations, which have the same name as the port type operations. The binding connects to a port inside the service. + +![Diagram of Trace Management IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure showing Port Types, Bindings, and Services.](24b1ac9eb58a2f22801620b9e2ea8bd3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the WSDL structure for the Trace Management IRP SOAP Solution Set, organized into three columns: Port Types, Bindings, and Services. + +- Port Types:** Contains a box for **TraceIRPManagement** with operations: `activateTraceJob`, `deactivateTraceJob`, `listTraceJob`, and `listActivatedTraceJobs`. +- Bindings:** Contains three boxes: + - TraceIRPManagement**: Contains the same operations as the port type: `activateTraceJob`, `deactivateTraceJob`, `listTraceJob`, and `listActivatedTraceJobs`. A line connects this binding to the port type. + - GenericIRPBinding (from 32.316)**: A binding box. + - NotificationIRPNtf (from 32.306)**: A binding box. +- Services:** Contains a box for **TraceIRPService** with three ports: + - TraceIRPManagementPort**: Connected to the **TraceIRPManagement** binding. + - GenericIRPPort**: Connected to the **GenericIRPBinding**. + - NotificationIRPNtfPort**: Connected to the **NotificationIRPNtf** binding. + +Diagram of Trace Management IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure showing Port Types, Bindings, and Services. + +Figure C.3.2: Trace Management IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure + +### C.3.3 WSDL specification "TraceIRPSystem.wsdl" + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# Annex D (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2010-09 | SA#49 | SP-100508 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information and Approval | --- | 1.0.0 | +| 2010-10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2010-12 | SA#50 | SP-100833 | 001 | 1 | Correcting the Identification of IMS Subscriber Tracing - Align with 32.421 and 32.442 | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 2011-03 | SA#51 | SP-110093 | 002 | - | Add the missing input parameter of activateTraceJob - Align with 32.442 Trace Management IRP Information Service | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 2011-03 | SA#51 | SP-110095 | 003 | - | Add mapping of notifyTraceSessionIdentities in SOAP solution set - Align with 32.442 Trace Management IRP Information Service | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 2011-03 | SA#51 | SP-110102 | 030 | 1 | Extend TraceIRP operation to support MDT configuration - Align with 32.442 | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 2011-06 | SA#52 | SP-110292 | 031 | 1 | Add areascopes parameter as a MDT configuration | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| 2011-06 | SA#52 | SP-110286 | 032 | 1 | Modify the definition of traceTarget - Aligned with TS 32.442 | 10.3.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2011-12 | SA#54 | SP-110715 | 035 | - | Support multiple cells in area based MDT -Align with 32.442 | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 2011-12 | SA#54 | SP-110716 | 033 | - | Add RLF reporting configuration - Align with 32.442 | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 2012-03 | SA#55 | SP-120053 | 038 | -- | Inconsistency correction on trace target -Align with 32.442 IS version number | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | +| 2012-06 | SA#56 | SP-120368 | 041 | -- | Alignment of the Anonymization parameter with TS 32.422 – Solution Set | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | +| 2012-09 | SA#57 | SP-120571 | 044 | 1 | Adding new MDT parameters to align with TS 32.422 and TS 37.320 | 11.3.0 | 11.4.0 | +| 2012-09 | SA#57 | SP-120570 | 047 | -- | Add missing threshold parameter for UMTS event triggered measurements | 11.3.0 | 11.4.0 | +| 2012-12 | SA#58 | SP-120795 | 045 | 1 | Add RCEF reporting | 11.4.0 | 11.5.0 | +| | | SP-120794 | 051 | 1 | Correction of UMTS M2 reporting trigger configuration -Align with 32.442 | | | +| | | SP-120795 | 052 | 1 | Correction on the scope, references and abbreviations related to MDTand RLF | | | +| | | SP-120796 | 053 | 1 | Addition of Network Sharing | | | +| | | SP-120795 | 054 | 1 | Add measurement M7 | | | +| | | SP-120795 | 055 | - | Introducing common MDT measurement period attribute in Trace IRP | | | +| | | SP-120795 | 056 | - | Combine measurement period parameters for LTE | | | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32452/5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32452/5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..852dbf60cdc3a72e82c2d6ed0221d074adee43fb --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32452/5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:483f1c05bf546ece759b44691668fe8a28e1d4c7df1c830a1f0bc7da94f4b538 +size 21108 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32452/5fbb4f0de01736f1293333e599410c99_img.jpg 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@@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 7 | +| 2 References..... | 7 | +| 3 Measurement family and abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 3.1 Measurement family..... | 9 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 4 Functionality related measurements..... | 10 | +| 4.1 Measurements related to HNB-GW ..... | 10 | +| 4.1.1 UE registration/de-registration related measurements ..... | 10 | +| 4.1.1.1 Overview..... | 10 | +| 4.1.1.2 UE registration related measurements ..... | 11 | +| 4.1.1.2.1 Attempted UE Registrations..... | 11 | +| 4.1.1.2.2 Successful UE Registrations ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.1.2.3 Failed UE Registrations ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.1.3 UE de-registration related measurements ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.1.3.1 HNB Originated Successful UE De-Registrations..... | 12 | +| 4.1.1.3.2 HNB GW Originated Successful UE De-Registrations ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.2 Signalling Plane related measurements ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.2.1 Numbers of incoming SCTP packets on the Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.2.2 Numbers of outgoing SCTP packets on the Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.2.3 Numbers of octets of incoming SCTP packets on the Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.2.4 Numbers of octets of outgoing SCTP packets on the Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.3 HNB registration/de-registration related measurements ..... | 14 | +| 4.1.3.1 Overview..... | 14 | +| 4.1.3.2 HNB registration related measurements ..... | 15 | +| 4.1.3.2.1 Attempted HNB Registrations ..... | 15 | +| 4.1.3.2.2 Successful HNB Registrations ..... | 15 | +| 4.1.3.2.3 Failed HNB Registrations ..... | 15 | +| 4.1.3.3 HNB de-registration related measurements ..... | 16 | +| 4.1.3.3.1 HNB GW Originated Successful HNB De-Registrations..... | 16 | +| 4.1.4 User plane related measurements ..... | 16 | +| 4.1.4.1 Numbers of incoming Iu-UP RTP packets of CS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW ..... | 16 | +| 4.1.4.2 Numbers of outgoing Iu-UP RTP packets of CS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB ..... | 16 | +| 4.1.4.3 Numbers of octets of incoming Iu-UP RTP packets of CS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW ..... | 17 | +| 4.1.4.4 Numbers of octets of outgoing Iu-UP RTP packets of CS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB ..... | 17 | +| 4.1.4.5 Numbers of incoming Iu-UP GTP-U packets of PS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW ..... | 17 | +| 4.1.4.6 Numbers of outgoing Iu-UP GTP-U packets of PS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB ..... | 17 | +| 4.1.4.7 Numbers of octets of incoming Iu-UP GTP-U packets of PS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW ..... | 18 | +| 4.1.4.8 Numbers of octets of outgoing Iu-UP GTP-U packets of PS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB ..... | 18 | +| 4.1.5 Measurements related to CSG service..... | 18 | +| 4.1.5.1 Overview..... | 18 | +| 4.1.5.2 Number of mean registered CSG UEs..... | 19 | +| 4.1.5.3 Inbound CSG mobility measurements ..... | 19 | +| 4.1.5.3.1 Attempted inbound mobility for CSG UEs to CSG cells or to Hybrid Cells in connected mode ..... | 19 | +| 4.1.5.3.2 Successful inbound mobility for CSG UEs to CSG cells or Hybrid cells in connected mode ..... | 20 | +| 4.1.5.3.3 Failed inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or Hybrid cells in connected mode ..... | 20 | + +| | | | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 4.2 | Measurements related to HNB ..... | 21 | +| 4.2.1 | RRC and RAB Overview ..... | 21 | +| 4.2.2 | RRC Measurements ..... | 22 | +| 4.2.2.1 | Attempted RRC Connection Establishment ..... | 22 | +| 4.2.2.2 | Failed RRC connection establishment ..... | 22 | +| 4.2.2.3 | Successful RRC connection establishment ..... | 23 | +| 4.2.3 | RAB Measurement ..... | 23 | +| 4.2.3.1 | Attempted RAB Establishment for PS domain ..... | 23 | +| 4.2.3.2 | Successful RAB Establishment for PS domain ..... | 24 | +| 4.2.3.3 | Failed RAB Establishment for PS domain ..... | 24 | +| 4.2.3.4 | Dropped RABs for PS domain ..... | 24 | +| 4.2.3.5 | Attempted RAB Establishment for CS domain ..... | 24 | +| 4.2.3.6 | Failed RAB Establishment for CS domain ..... | 25 | +| 4.2.3.7 | Successful RAB Establishment for CS domain ..... | 25 | +| 4.2.3.8 | Dropped RABs for CS domain ..... | 25 | +| 4.2.3.9 | Measurement for Direct User Plane Path between HNB and LGW ..... | 26 | +| 4.2.3.9.1 | RAB Establishment for Direct User Plane Path ..... | 26 | +| 4.2.3.9.2 | Attempted RAB Establishment for Direct User Plane Path ..... | 26 | +| 4.2.3.9.3 | Successful RAB Establishment for Direct User Plane Path ..... | 26 | +| 4.2.3.9.4 | Failed RAB Establishment for Direct User Plane Path ..... | 26 | +| 4.2.4 | HNB Hard Handover measurements ..... | 27 | +| 4.2.4.1 | Successful HNB to 3G Macro Intra Frequency Hard Handovers ..... | 27 | +| 4.2.4.2 | Successful HNB to 3G Macro Inter Frequency Hard Handovers ..... | 27 | +| 4.2.4.3 | Attempted HNB to 3G Macro Intra Frequency Hard Handovers ..... | 27 | +| 4.2.4.4 | Attempted HNB to 3G Macro Inter Frequency Hard Handovers ..... | 28 | +| 4.2.4.5 | Failed HNB to 3G Macro Intra Frequency Hard Handovers ..... | 28 | +| 4.2.4.6 | Failed HNB to 3G Macro Inter Frequency Hard Handovers ..... | 28 | +| 4.2.5 | HNB CS handovers ..... | 28 | +| 4.2.5.1 | Attempted 3G Macro to HNB CS Handovers ..... | 28 | +| 4.2.5.2 | Successful 3G Macro to HNB CS Handovers ..... | 29 | +| 4.2.5.3 | Failed 3G Macro to HNB CS Handovers ..... | 29 | +| 4.2.5.4 | Attempted 2G Macro to HNB CS Handovers ..... | 29 | +| 4.2.5.5 | Successful 2G Macro to HNB CS Handovers ..... | 29 | +| 4.2.5.6 | Failed 2G Macro to HNB CS Handovers ..... | 29 | +| 4.2.6 | Number of Uplink User Bits for PS EDCH above RLC ..... | 30 | +| 4.2.7 | Number of Uplink User Bits for PS UL 64 kbps Data Rate ..... | 30 | +| 4.2.8 | Number of Uplink User Bits for PS UL 128 kbps Data Rate ..... | 30 | +| 4.2.9 | Number of Uplink User Bits for PS UL 384 kbps Data Rate ..... | 30 | +| 4.2.10 | Number of Downlink User Bits for PS RABs related with HSDPA above RLC ..... | 31 | +| 4.2.11 | Number of Downlink User Bits for PS DL 64 kbps Data Rate (non-HSDPA) above RLC ..... | 31 | +| 4.2.12 | Number of Downlink User Bits for PS DL 128 kbps Data Rate (non-HSDPA) above RLC ..... | 31 | +| 4.2.13 | Number of Downlink User Bits for PS DL 384 kbps Data Rate (non-HSDPA) above RLC ..... | 32 | +| Annex A: | Use cases for performance measurements definition ..... | 33 | +| A.1 | Use case of registration and de-registration measurements ..... | 33 | +| A.2 | Use case of the SCTP signalling measurements ..... | 33 | +| A.3 | Use case of HNB registration and de-registration measurements ..... | 33 | +| A.4 | Use case of HNB-GW user plane measurements ..... | 34 | +| A.5 | RAB related performance ..... | 34 | +| A.6 | Faulty transport blocks related performance ..... | 34 | +| A.7 | CSG service related performance ..... | 34 | +| A.8 | LIPA related performance ..... | 35 | +| Annex B: | Change history ..... | 36 | + +# Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.401 Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements +- 52.402 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements – GSM +- 32.404 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template +- 32.405 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) +- 32.406 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Packet Switched (PS) domain +- 32.407 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Circuit Switched (CS) domain +- 32.408 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Teleservice +- 32.409 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) +- 32.452 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Home Node B Subsystem (HNS)** +- 32.453 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Home enhanced Node B Subsystem (HeNS) + +The present document is part of a set of specifications, which describe the requirements and information model necessary for the standardised Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OA&M) of a multi-vendor HNS. + +During the lifetime of HNS, its logical and physical configuration will undergo changes of varying degrees and frequencies in order to optimise the utilisation of the network resources. These changes will be executed through network configuration management activities and/or network engineering, see 3GPP TS 32.600 [1]. + +Many of the activities involved in the daily operation and future network planning of HNS require data on which to base decisions. This data refers to the load carried by the network and the grade of service offered. In order to produce this data performance measurements are executed in the NEs, which comprise the network. The data can then be transferred to an external system, e.g. an Operations System (OS) in TMN terminology, for further evaluation. The purpose of the present document is to describe the mechanisms involved in the collection of the data and the definition of the data itself. + +Annex B of TS 32.404 [2] helps in the definition of new performance measurements that can be submitted to 3GPP for potential adoption and inclusion in the present document. Annex B of TS 32.404 discusses a top-down performance + +measurement definition methodology that focuses on how the end-user of performance measurements can use the measurements. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document describes the measurements for Home Node B subsystem (HNS). + +HNS [3] consists of a HNB and HNB-GW. And, it appears as an RNS to the core network and is connected by means of the Iu-CS interface to the MSC and by means of the Iu-PS interface to the SGSN. + +TS 32.401 [4] describes Performance Management concepts and requirements. + +The present document is valid for all measurement types provided by an implementation of a HNS. + +Only measurement types that are specific to HNS are defined within the present documents. Vendor specific measurement types used in HNS are not covered. Instead, these could be applied according to manufacturer's documentation. + +Measurements related to "external" technologies (such as ATM or IP) as described by "external" standards bodies (e.g. ITU-T or IETF) shall only be referenced within this specification, wherever there is a need identified for the existence of such a reference. + +The definition of the standard measurements is intended to result in comparability of measurement data produced in a multi-vendor network, for those measurement types that can be standardised across all vendors' implementations. + +The structure of the present document is as follows: + +- Header 1: Network Element (e.g. measurements related to HNB and HNB GW); +- Header 2: Measurement function (e.g. HNB registration measurements); +- Header 3: Measurements. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.404: "Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template". +- [3] 3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 2". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 25.469: "Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; UTRAN Iuh interface Home Node B Application Part (HNBAP) signalling" +- [6] 3GPP TS 25.413: "UTRAN Iu interface Radio Access Network Application Part (RANAP) signaling ". +- [7] 3GPP TS 23.107: "Quality of Service (QoS) concept and architecture". +- [8] 3GPP TS 25.993: "Typical examples of Radio Access Bearers (RABs) and Radio Bearers (RBs) supported by Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA)". +- [9] 3GPP TS 25.331: "Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification". + +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.403: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements; UMTS and combined UMTS/GSM". +- [11] 3GPP TS 25.413: "UTRAN Iu interface Radio Access Network Application Part (RANAP) signaling ". +- [12] 3GPP TS 25.467: "Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; UTRAN architecture for 3G Home Node B (HNB); Stage 2 ". + +# 3 Measurement family and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Measurement family + +The measurement names defined in the present document are all beginning with a prefix containing the measurement family name (e.g. IUH.AttUeReg). This family name identifies all measurements which relate to a given functionality and it may be used for measurement administration (see 3GPP TS 32.401 [4]). + +The list of families currently used in the present document is as follows: + +- IUH (measurements related to Iuh interface). +- CSG (measurements related to CSG membership) + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|------|--------------------------------------------| +| 3G | 3 rd Generation | +| 3GPP | 3G Partnership Project | +| CS | Circuit switched | +| CN | Core Network | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| OA&M | Operation, Administration and Maintenance | +| OS | Operations System (EM, NM) | +| PM | Performance Management | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +You can find below a list of abbreviations used within the measurement types for field E of the measurement template (see 3GPP TS 32.404 [2]). + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------| +| Ans | Answer(ed) | +| Att | Attempted | +| Auth | Authorization | +| Cs | Circuit switched | +| DER | Discrete Event Registration | +| DeReg | De-Registration | +| Dmn | Domain | +| Estab | Establish(ment) | +| Fail | Failed/(Failure) | +| Fwd | Forwarded(ed) | +| Inc | Incoming | +| Ind | Indication | +| Nbr | Number | +| Rel | Release(s,d) | +| Res | Resource | +| Succ | Success(es,ful) | + +# 4 Functionality related measurements + +The measurements defined in this clause are related to the functionality aspect performance. The detailed measurements for each function are defined in the following subclauses. + +## 4.1 Measurements related to HNB-GW + +### 4.1.1 UE registration/de-registration related measurements + +#### 4.1.1.1 Overview + +The UE Registration procedure provides means for the HNB to convey UE identification data to the HNB-GW in order to perform access control for the UE in the HNB-GW. The UE Registration also establishes a UE specific context identifier to be used between HNB and HNB-GW. The procedure triggered when the UE attempts to access the HNB via an initial NAS message and there is no context in the HNB allocated for that UE. The successful UE registration rate thus poses an important impact on the QoE which accessing the HNB networks from a macro view on the OA&M basis. + +The de-registration procedure may be originated by either HNB or HNB GW. + +Performance Measurement definitions in this subclause are based on 3GPP TS 25.469 [5]. + +The following paragraphs are of interest for this purpose: + +- UE REGISTER REQUEST +- UE REGISTER ACCEPT +- UE REGISTER REJECT +- UE DE-REGISTER + +These paragraphs show in particular the following diagrams: + +![Sequence diagram showing the successful UE Register Procedure between HNB and HNB-GW.](ee8536b235eb6aad21e2048fd5308900_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant HNB + participant HNB-GW + Note left of HNB: UE attempts to access HNB + HNB->>HNB-GW: UE REGISTER REQUEST + Note right of HNB-GW: Context established + HNB-GW-->>HNB: UE REGISTER ACCEPT +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of messages between an HNB (Home NodeB) and an HNB-GW (Home NodeB Gateway). The HNB sends a 'UE REGISTER REQUEST' message to the HNB-GW. The HNB-GW responds with a 'UE REGISTER ACCEPT' message. Both entities are represented by rectangular boxes with vertical lifelines extending downwards. The messages are shown as horizontal arrows between the lifelines. + +Sequence diagram showing the successful UE Register Procedure between HNB and HNB-GW. + +Figure 1 UE Register Procedure: Successful Operation + +![Sequence diagram for UE Register Procedure: Unsuccessful Operation. It shows two lifelines: HNB and HNB-GW. The HNB sends a 'UE REGISTER REQUEST' message to the HNB-GW. The HNB-GW responds with a 'UE REGISTER REJECT' message. Both lifelines end with a solid black bar.](5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant HNB + participant HNB-GW + HNB->>HNB-GW: UE REGISTER REQUEST + HNB-GW-->>HNB: UE REGISTER REJECT + +``` + +Sequence diagram for UE Register Procedure: Unsuccessful Operation. It shows two lifelines: HNB and HNB-GW. The HNB sends a 'UE REGISTER REQUEST' message to the HNB-GW. The HNB-GW responds with a 'UE REGISTER REJECT' message. Both lifelines end with a solid black bar. + +Figure 2 UE Register Procedure: Unsuccessful Operation + +![Sequence diagram for UE De-Register Procedure: HNB Originated Successful Operation. It shows two lifelines: HNB and HNB-GW. The HNB sends a 'UE DE-REGISTER' message to the HNB-GW. Both lifelines end with a solid black bar.](7e670a2b556b53ea9002dfff3a420e08_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant HNB + participant HNB-GW + HNB->>HNB-GW: UE DE-REGISTER + +``` + +Sequence diagram for UE De-Register Procedure: HNB Originated Successful Operation. It shows two lifelines: HNB and HNB-GW. The HNB sends a 'UE DE-REGISTER' message to the HNB-GW. Both lifelines end with a solid black bar. + +Figure 3 UE De-Register Procedure: HNB Originated Successful Operation + +![Sequence diagram for UE De-Register Procedure: HNB-GW Originated Successful Operation. It shows two lifelines: HNB and HNB-GW. The HNB-GW sends a 'UE DE-REGISTER' message to the HNB. Both lifelines end with a solid black bar.](8e14350b4b669119a3bdfca7869110ca_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant HNB + participant HNB-GW + HNB-GW-->>HNB: UE DE-REGISTER + +``` + +Sequence diagram for UE De-Register Procedure: HNB-GW Originated Successful Operation. It shows two lifelines: HNB and HNB-GW. The HNB-GW sends a 'UE DE-REGISTER' message to the HNB. Both lifelines end with a solid black bar. + +Figure 4 UE De-Register Procedure: HNB-GW Originated Successful Operation + +#### 4.1.1.2 UE registration related measurements + +The three measurement types defined in the clause 4.1.1.2 for HNB-GW are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.1.1.2.1 Attempted UE Registrations + +- a) This measurement provides the number of UE registration attempts sent from HNB. +- b) CC +- c) Receipt of an HNBAP message UE REGISTER REQUEST from HNB to HNB-GW. (3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.AttUeReg. +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) UMTS + +##### 4.1.1.2.2 Successful UE Registrations + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE registrations sent from HNB. +- b) CC + +- c) Transmission of an HNBAP message UE REGISTER ACCEPT from HNB-GW to HNB. (3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.SuccUeReg. +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) UMTS + +##### 4.1.1.2.3 Failed UE Registrations + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed UE registrations sent from HNB. This measurement is then further split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC +- c) Transmission of an HNBAP message UE REGISTER REJECT from HNB-GW to HNB. (3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- d) A single integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. (The possible cause values are defined in 3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- e) IUH.FailUeReg.cause +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.1.3 UE de-registration related measurements + +##### 4.1.1.3.1 HNB Originated Successful UE De-Registrations + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE de-registrations initiated by HNB. This measurement is then further split into sub-subcounters per cause. +- b) CC +- c) Receipt of an HNBAP message UE DE-REGISTER from HNB to HNB-GW.(3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- d) A single integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. (The possible cause values are defined in 3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- e) IUH.SuccUeDeRegHnb.cause +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) UMTS + +##### 4.1.1.3.2 HNB GW Originated Successful UE De-Registrations + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful UE de-registrations initiated by HNB GW. This measurement is then further split into sub-subcounters per cause. +- b) CC +- c) Transmission of an HNBAP message UE DE-REGISTER from HNB-GW to HNB.(3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- d) A single integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. (The possible cause values are defined in 3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- e) IUH.SuccUeDeRegHnbGw.cause +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) UMTS + +### 4.1.2 Signalling Plane related measurements + +#### 4.1.2.1 Numbers of incoming SCTP packets on the luh interface, from HNB to HNB GW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SCTP data packets sent from HNB to HNB GW which have been accepted and processed by the SCTP protocol entity on the luh interface. + +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a SCTP data PDU from HNB to HNB GW on the Iuh interface. (3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.IncSctpPkt +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.2.2 Numbers of outgoing SCTP packets on the Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SCTP data packets sent from HNB GW to HNB which have been generated by the SCTP protocol entity on the Iuh interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a SCTP data PDU from HNB GW to HNB on the Iuh interface. (3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.OutSctpPkt +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.2.3 Numbers of octets of incoming SCTP packets on the Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of SCTP data packets sent from HNB to HNB GW which have been accepted and processed by the SCTP protocol entity on the Iuh interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a SCTP data PDU from HNB to HNB GW on the Iuh interface. (3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.IncSctpOct +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.2.4 Numbers of octets of outgoing SCTP packets on the Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of SCTP data packets sent from HNB GW to HNB which have been generated by the SCTP protocol entity on the Iuh interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a SCTP data PDU from HNB GW to HNB on the Iuh interface. (3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.OutSctpOct +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +### 4.1.3 HNB registration/de-registration related measurements + +#### 4.1.3.1 Overview + +The purpose of the HNB Registration Procedure is to register the HNB with the HNB-GW to enable the HNB-GW to provide service and core network connectivity for the HNB. This procedure shall be the first HNBAP procedure triggered after the SCTP association has become operational. + +The de-registration procedure may be originated by either HNB or HNB GW. + +Performance Measurement definitions in this subclause are based on 3PGG TS 25.469 [5]. + +The following paragraphs are of interest for this purpose: + +- HNB REGISTER REQUEST +- HNB REGISTER ACCEPT +- HNB REGISTER REJECT +- HNB DE-REGISTER + +These paragraphs show in particular the following diagrams: + +![Sequence diagram of HNB Register Procedure: Successful Operation](704082cc3e11776bda29595c76411362_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant HNB + participant HNB-GW + Note left of HNB: + HNB->>HNB-GW: HNB REGISTER REQUEST + Note right of HNB-GW: + HNB-GW-->>HNB: HNB REGISTER ACCEPT + Note left of HNB: + Note right of HNB-GW: +``` + +A sequence diagram showing the interaction between an HNB and an HNB-GW for a successful registration. The HNB sends an 'HNB REGISTER REQUEST' message to the HNB-GW. The HNB-GW responds with an 'HNB REGISTER ACCEPT' message. Both entities have activation bars at the bottom of their lifelines. + +Sequence diagram of HNB Register Procedure: Successful Operation + +Figure 5 HNB Register Procedure: Successful Operation + +![Sequence diagram of HNB Register Procedure: Un-Successful Operation](e190b6ddb7c2e64b940749a1c5612256_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant HNB + participant HNB-GW + Note left of HNB: + HNB->>HNB-GW: HNB REGISTER REQUEST + Note right of HNB-GW: + HNB-GW-->>HNB: HNB REGISTER REJECT + Note left of HNB: + Note right of HNB-GW: +``` + +A sequence diagram showing the interaction between an HNB and an HNB-GW for an unsuccessful registration. The HNB sends an 'HNB REGISTER REQUEST' message to the HNB-GW. The HNB-GW responds with an 'HNB REGISTER REJECT' message. Both entities have activation bars at the bottom of their lifelines. + +Sequence diagram of HNB Register Procedure: Un-Successful Operation + +Figure 6 HNB Register Procedure: Un-Successful Operation + +![Sequence diagram showing the HNB De-register Procedure. It features two lifelines: HNB and HNB-GW. A message labeled 'HNB DE-REGISTER' is sent from the HNB-GW lifeline to the HNB lifeline. Both lifelines end with a solid black bar at the bottom.](7efae06af3af43ffe5d4b956a679cf54_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant HNB + participant HNB-GW + Note left of HNB: + Note right of HNB-GW: + HNB-GW->>HNB: HNB DE-REGISTER + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the HNB De-register Procedure. It features two lifelines: HNB and HNB-GW. A message labeled 'HNB DE-REGISTER' is sent from the HNB-GW lifeline to the HNB lifeline. Both lifelines end with a solid black bar at the bottom. + +**Figure 7 HNB De-register Procedure: HNB GW Originated Successful Operation** + +#### 4.1.3.2 HNB registration related measurements + +The three measurement types defined in the clause 4.1.3.2 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.1.3.2.1 Attempted HNB Registrations + +- This measurement provides the number of HNB registration attempts per HNB. +- CC +- Receipt of an HNBAP message HNB REGISTER REQUEST from HNB to HNB-GW. (3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- A single integer value. +- IUH.AttHnbReg. +- HNBGWFunction +- Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- UMTS + +##### 4.1.3.2.2 Successful HNB Registrations + +- This measurement provides the number of successful HNB registrations per HNB. +- CC +- Transmission of an HNBAP message HNB REGISTER ACCEPT from HNB-GW to HNB. (3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- A single integer value. +- IUH.SuccHnbReg. +- HNBGWFunction +- Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- UMTS + +##### 4.1.3.2.3 Failed HNB Registrations + +- This measurement provides the number of failed HNB registrations per HNB. This measurement is then further split into sub-subcounters per failure cause. +- CC +- Transmission of an HNB REGISTER REJECT message from HNB-GW to HNB or an expected HNB REGISTER ACCEPT message not received by HNB. Each HNB REGISTER REJECT message received is added to the relevant per cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 25.469 [5]. Each expected HNB REGISTER ACCEPT not received by the HNB is added to the measurement cause 'No Reply' (not specified in TS 25.469 [5]). +- Each measurement is an integer value.. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. (The possible cause values are defined in 3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- IUH.FailHnbReg.*cause* +where *Cause* identifies the Rejection Cause. +The cause 'No Reply' is identified by the *.NoReply* suffix. + +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.3.3 HNB de-registration related measurements + +##### 4.1.3.3.1 HNB GW Originated Successful HNB De-Registrations + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful HNB de-registrations initiated by HNB GW. +- b) CC +- c) Transmission of an HNBAP message HNB DE-REGISTER from HNB-GW to HNB.(3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- d) A single integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. (The possible cause values are defined in 3GPP TS 25.469 [5]) +- e) IUH.AttHnbDeRegHnbGw.cause +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic. +- h) UMTS + +### 4.1.4 User plane related measurements + +The subclauses below can NOT be applied to the use case that there is a direct GTP-U tunnel right between HNB and SGSN on the user plane of PS domain, i.e. HNB GW is skipped and there is NO GTP-U protocol entity in HNB GW, for the sake of PS bearer optimizations. + +#### 4.1.4.1 Numbers of incoming Iu-UP RTP packets of CS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Iu-UP RTP data packets on the user plane of CS domain, sent from HNB to HNB GW on Iuh interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an Iu-UP RTP data PDU from HNB to HNB GW on the user plane of CS domain on Iuh interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.InclUpCsPkt +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.4.2 Numbers of outgoing Iu-UP RTP packets of CS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Iu-UP RTP data packets on the user plane of CS domain, sent from HNB GW to HNB on Iuh interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an Iu-UP RTP data PDU from HNB GW to HNB on the user plane of CS domain on Iuh interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.OutUpCsPkt +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.4.3 Numbers of octets of incoming Iu-UP RTP packets of CS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of Iu-UP RTP data packets on the user plane of CS domain, + +sent from HNB to HNB GW on Iuh interface. + +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an Iu-UP RTP data PDU from HNB to HNB GW on the user plane of CS domain on Iuh interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.IncIuUpCsOct +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.4.4 Numbers of octets of outgoing Iu-UP RTP packets of CS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of Iu-UP RTP data packets on the user plane of CS domain, sent from HNB GW to HNB on Iuh interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an Iu-UP RTP data PDU from HNB GW to HNB on the user plane of CS domain on Iuh interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.OutIuUpCsOct +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.4.5 Numbers of incoming Iu-UP GTP-U packets of PS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Iu-UP GTP-U data packets on the user plane of PS domain, sent from HNB to HNB GW on Iuh interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an Iu-UP GTP-U data PDU from HNB to HNB GW on the user plane of PS domain on Iuh interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.IncIuUpPsPkt +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.4.6 Numbers of outgoing Iu-UP GTP-U packets of PS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB + +- a) This measurement provides the number of Iu-UP GTP-U data packets sent on the user plane of PS domain, from HNB GW to HNB on Iuh interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an Iu-UP GTP-U data PDU from HNB GW to HNB on the user plane of PS domain on Iuh interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.OutIuUpPsPkt +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.4.7 Numbers of octets of incoming Iu-UP GTP-U packets of PS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB to HNB GW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of Iu-UP GTP-U data packets on the user plane of PS domain, + +sent from HNB to HNB GW on Iuh interface. + +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an Iu-UP GTP-U data PDU from HNB to HNB GW on the user plane of PS domain on Iuh interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.IncIuUpPsOct +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.4.8 Numbers of octets of outgoing Iu-UP GTP-U packets of PS domain on Iuh interface, from HNB GW to HNB + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of Iu-UP GTP-U data packets on the user plane of PS domain, sent from HNB GW to HNB on Iuh interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an Iu-UP GTP-U data PDU from HNB GW to HNB on the user plane of PS domain on Iuh interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) IUH.OutIuUpPsOct +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +### 4.1.5 Measurements related to CSG service + +#### 4.1.5.1 Overview + +The CSG UE Inbound mobility procedure provides means for CSG UEs to switch from macro cells to CSG HNBs or to Hybrid Cells in connected mode. The procedure is triggered when the HNB-GW receives a RANAP RELOCATION REQUEST message from the Core Network, including the CSG Id, Target Cell Id, etc. The successful CSG UE inbound mobility rate poses an important impact on the QoE. + +The CSG UE Inbound mobility procedure is originated by Core Network. + +Performance Measurement definitions in this subclause are based on 3PGG TS 25.467 [12]. + +The following paragraph is of interest for this purpose: + +- RELOCATION REQUEST +- RELOCATION COMPLETE +- RELOCATION FAILURE + +This paragraph shows in particular the following diagram: + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 8: CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Successful Operation. The diagram shows two lifelines: HNB-GW and CN. The CN sends a 'RELOCATION REQUEST' message to the HNB-GW. The HNB-GW responds with a 'RELOCATION COMPLETE' message to the CN.](8fa679f79a1bb1f527cba9f29e784e89_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CN + participant HNB-GW + Note left of HNB-GW: + CN->>HNB-GW: RELOCATION REQUEST + Note right of HNB-GW: + HNB-GW->>CN: RELOCATION COMPLETE + Note right of CN: + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 8: CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Successful Operation. The diagram shows two lifelines: HNB-GW and CN. The CN sends a 'RELOCATION REQUEST' message to the HNB-GW. The HNB-GW responds with a 'RELOCATION COMPLETE' message to the CN. + +Figure 8 CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Successful Operation + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 9: CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Unsuccessful Operation. The diagram shows two lifelines: HNB GW and CN. The CN sends a 'RELOCATION REQUEST' message to the HNB GW. The HNB GW responds with a 'RELOCATION FAILURE' message to the CN.](898fb89a50d9ec1dfb4e425c816976a7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CN + participant HNB GW + Note left of HNB GW: + CN->>HNB GW: RELOCATION REQUEST + Note right of HNB GW: + HNB GW->>CN: RELOCATION FAILURE + Note right of CN: + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 9: CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Unsuccessful Operation. The diagram shows two lifelines: HNB GW and CN. The CN sends a 'RELOCATION REQUEST' message to the HNB GW. The HNB GW responds with a 'RELOCATION FAILURE' message to the CN. + +Figure 9 CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Unsuccessful Operation + +#### 4.1.5.2 Number of mean registered CSG UEs + +- a) This measurement provides the number of mean registered CSG UEs in the HNB GW. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of CSG UEs registered in the HNB GW and then taking the arithmetic mean (see TS 25.467 [12]). +- d) A single integer value +- e) CSG.MeanNbrUsr +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit and packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +#### 4.1.5.3 Inbound CSG mobility measurements + +The three measurement types defined in the clause 4.1.5.3 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.1.5.3.1 Attempted inbound mobility for CSG UEs to CSG cells or to Hybrid Cells in connected mode + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted inbound mobility for CSG UEs to CSG cells or to Hybrid Cells in connected mode +- b) CC + +- c) On receipt by the HNB GW of a RANAP message RELOCATION REQUEST from the Core Network with the “CSG id” IE, “Target Cell id” IE and “CSG Membership Status” IE for relocating to a hybrid cell (see TS 25.467 [12]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CSG.AttInboundMobility +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit and packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +##### 4.1.5.3.2 Successful inbound mobility for CSG UEs to CSG cells or Hybrid cells in connected mode + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful inbound mobility for CSG UEs to CSG cells or to Hybrid cells in connected mode +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HNB GW of a RANAP message RELOCATION COMPLETE to the Core Network, corresponding to the receipt by the HNB GW of a RANAP message RELOCATION REQUEST from the Core Network with the “CSG id” IE, “Target Cell id” IE and “CSG Membership Status” IE for relocating to a hybrid cell the transmission of the See TS 25.467 [12]. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CSG.SuccInboundMobility +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit and packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +##### 4.1.5.3.3 Failed inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or Hybrid cells in connected mode + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed successful inbound mobility for CSG UEs to CSG cells or hybrid cells in connected mode +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HNB GW of a RANAP message RELOCATION FAILURE to the Core Network, corresponding to the receipt by the HNB GW of a RANAP message RELOCATION REQUEST from the Core Network with the “CSG id” IE, “Target Cell id” IE and “CSG Membership Status” IE for relocating to a hybrid cell the transmission of the See TS 25.467 [12]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) CSG.FailedInboundMobility. *Cause* +where *Cause* identifies the failure cause. +- f) HNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for circuit and packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +## 4.2 Measurements related to HNB + +### 4.2.1 RRC and RAB Overview + +Performance Measurement definitions in this subclause are based on 3GPP TS 25.413 [6]. + +The following paragraphs are of interest for this purpose: + +- RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST; +- RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE; +- RAB RELEASE REQUEST. +- IU RELEASE REQUEST; +- RRC CONNECTION REQUEST +- RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE +- RRC CONNECTION REJECT + +![Sequence diagram of RAB Assignment procedure. The diagram shows two vertical lifelines: HNB (left) and CN (right). The sequence of messages is: 1. CN sends a 'RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST' to HNB. 2. HNB sends a 'RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE' to CN. 3. There are additional arrows from HNB to CN, indicated by a vertical ellipsis and an asterisk (*). A bracket on the CN lifeline groups the response and the additional arrows.](75e4b78ee25f885d73120e3066a5253e_img.jpg) + +``` + + sequenceDiagram + participant HNB + participant CN + CN->>HNB: RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST + HNB->>CN: RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE + Note over HNB,CN: ... + HNB->>CN: * + Note right of CN: * it can be several responses + +``` + +Sequence diagram of RAB Assignment procedure. The diagram shows two vertical lifelines: HNB (left) and CN (right). The sequence of messages is: 1. CN sends a 'RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST' to HNB. 2. HNB sends a 'RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE' to CN. 3. There are additional arrows from HNB to CN, indicated by a vertical ellipsis and an asterisk (\*). A bracket on the CN lifeline groups the response and the additional arrows. + +\* it can be several responses + +Figure 10 RAB Assignment procedure. Successful operation + +![Sequence diagram of RAB Release Request procedure. The diagram shows two vertical lifelines: HNB (left) and CN (right). The sequence of messages is: 1. HNB sends a 'RAB RELEASE REQUEST' to CN. A blue diamond marker is located at the bottom of the HNB lifeline.](5fbb4f0de01736f1293333e599410c99_img.jpg) + +``` + + sequenceDiagram + participant HNB + participant CN + HNB->>CN: RAB RELEASE REQUEST + +``` + +Sequence diagram of RAB Release Request procedure. The diagram shows two vertical lifelines: HNB (left) and CN (right). The sequence of messages is: 1. HNB sends a 'RAB RELEASE REQUEST' to CN. A blue diamond marker is located at the bottom of the HNB lifeline. + +Figure 11 RAB Release Request procedure + +![Sequence diagram of IU Release Request procedure. The diagram shows two vertical lifelines: HNB (left) and CN (right). The sequence of messages is: 1. HNB sends an 'IU RELEASE REQUEST' to CN. A blue diamond marker is located at the bottom of the HNB lifeline.](c0e369274e53b2e5364666be6f786c7a_img.jpg) + +``` + + sequenceDiagram + participant HNB + participant CN + HNB->>CN: IU RELEASE REQUEST + +``` + +Sequence diagram of IU Release Request procedure. The diagram shows two vertical lifelines: HNB (left) and CN (right). The sequence of messages is: 1. HNB sends an 'IU RELEASE REQUEST' to CN. A blue diamond marker is located at the bottom of the HNB lifeline. + +Figure 12 Iu Release Request procedure. Successful operation + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 13: RRC Connection procedure, Successful operation. The diagram shows a UE sending an RRC CONNECTION REQUEST to an HNB, which responds with RRC CONNECTION SETUP, and the UE completes the setup with RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE.](e180f2b5fcbe8001554a7c0677cd3f82_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant HNB + Note left of UE: ◆ + UE->>HNB: RRC CONNECTION REQUEST + HNB-->>UE: RRC CONNECTION SETUP + UE->>HNB: RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 13: RRC Connection procedure, Successful operation. The diagram shows a UE sending an RRC CONNECTION REQUEST to an HNB, which responds with RRC CONNECTION SETUP, and the UE completes the setup with RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE. + +Figure 13 RRC Connection procedure, Successful operation + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 14: RRC Connection procedure, Unsuccessful operation. The diagram shows a UE sending an RRC CONNECTION REQUEST to an HNB, which responds with an RRC CONNECTION REJECT.](7d3d5fb5d09c0cd35a9d637be241651e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant HNB + Note left of UE: ◆ + UE->>HNB: RRC CONNECTION REQUEST + HNB-->>UE: RRC CONNECTION REJECT + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 14: RRC Connection procedure, Unsuccessful operation. The diagram shows a UE sending an RRC CONNECTION REQUEST to an HNB, which responds with an RRC CONNECTION REJECT. + +Figure 14 RRC Connection procedure, Unsuccessful operation + +### 4.2.2 RRC Measurements + +#### 4.2.2.1 Attempted RRC Connection Establishment + +- This measurement provides the number of RRC connection establishment attempts for each establishment cause. +- CC +- On Receipt of a RRC Connection Request message by the HNB from the UE. Each RRC Connection Request message received is added to the relevant per cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 25.331 [9]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of RRC Connection Establishment attempts. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. . +- Each measurement is an integer value. +- The measurement name has the form *RRC.AttConnEstab.Cause* where *Cause* identifies the Establishment Cause. +- HNB +- Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic + +#### 4.2.2.2 Failed RRC connection establishment + +- This measurement provides the number of RRC establishment failures for each rejection cause. +- CC + +- c) On transmission of RRC connection Reject message by the HNB to the UE. Each RRC Connection Reject message received is added to the relevant per cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 25.331 [9]. + +The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of RRC Connection Establishment Failures. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.FailConnEstab.Cause where Cause identifies the Rejection Cause. The cause 'No Reply' is identified by the *.NoReply* suffix. +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic + +#### 4.2.2.3 Successful RRC connection establishment + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful RRC establishments for each establishment cause. +- b) CC. +- c) On Receipt by the HNB of a RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE message following a RRC establishment attempt. Each RRC Connection Setup Complete message received is added to the relevant per cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 25.331 [9]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of RRC Connection Establishments. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.SuccConnEstab.Cause where Cause identifies the Establishment Cause. +- f) HNB. +- g) Valid for circuit switched and packet switched traffic + +### 4.2.3 RAB Measurement + +#### 4.2.3.1 Attempted RAB Establishment for PS domain + +- a) This measurement provides the number of requested RAB in establishment attempts for PS domain. The measurement is split into subcounters per traffic class. +- b) CC +- c) Receipt of a RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message from HNB for PS, each requested RAB establishment attempt is added. The counter shall be incremented for each PS RAB attempted to be established. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. +- e) The addition is performed with the condition that the RAB has not been setup or modified successfully in a previous RANAP RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE or RELOCATION REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE. The measurement name has the form **RAB.AttEstabPS.sum** +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic + +#### 4.2.3.2 Successful RAB Establishment for PS domain + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully established RABs for PS domain. + +- b) CC +- c) On transmission of the RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE from PS domain from the HNB. Whenever a RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message for PS is sent from HNB indicating a successfully established RAB, this counter shall be incremented. +- d) One integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form RAB.SuccEstabPS.sum +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. + +#### 4.2.3.3 Failed RAB Establishment for PS domain + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RABs establishment failures for PS domain. +- b) CC +- c) On receipt of a RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message. Whenever a RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message is sent from HNB , the relevant counter according to the traffic class shall be incremented for each PS RAB that is identified in the 'RABs Failed To Setup Or Modify List'. The counter shall be incremented for each PS RAB attempted to be established. +- d) One integer value per measurement type +- e) The measurement name has the form **RAB.FailEstabPS.Sum** +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. + +#### 4.2.3.4 Dropped RABs for PS domain + +- a) This counter provides the total number of abnormally released PS RAB connections. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission of the RANAP Iu Release Request by the HNB. This counter shall be incremented, whenever HNB invokes RANAP Iu Release Request procedure and a RAB for service type PS Data associated with the affected Iu signalling connection is required to be dropped: Note: This counter is pegged in case of operator intervention too. The counter shall not be pegged if the RRC Connection Release was triggered by Signaling Connection Release from the UE. This counter shall not be pegged in case PS RAB was dropped due to pre-emption. +- d) One integer value per measurement type +- e) The measurement name has the form RAB.Rel.DropPS.sum +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. + +#### 4.2.3.5 Attempted RAB Establishment for CS domain + +- a) This measurement provides the total number of requested RABs in establishment attempts for CS conversational traffic class. +- b) CC +- c) On receipt of a RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message from MSC for CS domain, this counter is incremented. +- d) One integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form RAB.AttEstabCS. + +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for CS domain + +#### 4.2.3.6 Failed RAB Establishment for CS domain + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RABs establishment failures for CS domain. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission of a RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message from HNB to MSC, this counter shall be incremented for each CS RAB that is identified in the 'RABs Failed To Setup Or Modify List'. +- d) One integer value per measurement type +- e) The measurement name has the form RAB.FailEstabCS +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for CS domain + +#### 4.2.3.7 Successful RAB Establishment for CS domain + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successfully established RABs for CS domain. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission of a RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message for CS from HNB indicating a successfully established RAB this counter shall be incremented. The counter shall be incremented for each CS RAB successfully established. +- d) One integer value. +- e) The measurement name has the form RAB.SuccEstabCS.sum +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. + +#### 4.2.3.8 Dropped RABs for CS domain + +- a) This counter provides the total number of dropped RAB connections for service type CS Domain. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission of the RANAP Iu Release Request by the HNB. This counter shall be incremented, whenever HNB invokes RANAP Iu Release Request procedure and a RAB for service type CS Data associated with the affected Iu signalling connection is required to be dropped: Note: This counter is pegged in case of operator intervention too. +- d) One integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form RAB.Rel.DropCS.sum +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for CS domain + +#### 4.2.3.9 Measurement for Direct User Plane Path between HNB and LGW + +##### 4.2.3.9.1 RAB Establishment for Direct User Plane Path + +The three measurement types defined in the clauses 4.2.3.9.2, 4.2.3.9.3 and 4.2.3.9.4 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.2.3.9.2 Attempted RAB Establishment for Direct User Plane Path + +- a) This measurement provides the number of direct user plane path between HNB and Local GW attempted to setup. +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the HNB of an RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message, each requested RABs with Correlation ID is added to the relevant measurement. The Correlation ID is set equal to the user plane GGSN TEID that the Gn-SGSN has received or the user plane PDN GW TEID that the S4-SGSN has received. (3GPP TS 25.413[6]). +- d) Integer. +- e) The measurement name has the form RAB.EstabDirectPathLGWAttNbr. +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +##### 4.2.3.9.3 Successful RAB Establishment for Direct User Plane Path + +- a) This measurement provides the number of direct user plane path between HNB and Local GW successfully established +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HNB of an RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message and the PDP connection is established for Local IP Access, each RAB successfully established is added to the relevant measurement. +- d) Integer. +- e) The measurement name has the form RAB.EstabDirectPathLGWSuccNbr. +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +##### 4.2.3.9.4 Failed RAB Establishment for Direct User Plane Path + +- a) This measurement provides the number of direct user plane path between HNB and Local GW RABs failed to setup. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HNB of an RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message. Whenever a RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message is sent from HNB , the relevant counter according to the traffic class shall be incremented for each PS RAB that is identified in the ‘RABs Failed To Setup Or Modify List’. The counter shall be incremented for each PS RAB attempted to be established. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RAB.EstabDirectPathLGWFailNbr.*Cause*, where *Cause* identifies the cause resulting in the RAB setup failure +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) UMTS + +### 4.2.4 HNB Hard Handover measurements + +#### 4.2.4.1 Successful HNB to 3G Macro Intra Frequency Hard Handovers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful HNB to UMTS macro cell intra frequency hard handovers +- b) CC + +- c) On receipt of the Iu Release Command from CN. Whenever the HNB receives Iu Release Command from the core network with cause "Successful Relocation" or "Normal Release" during handover execution and the handover is a hard handover intra frequency to a UMTS macro cell. +- d) A single integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form **HHO.SuccHnbUmtsIntraFreq** (3GPP TS 32.403[10]) +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic and circuit switch traffic. + +#### 4.2.4.2 Successful HNB to 3G Macro Inter Frequency Hard Handovers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful HNB to UMTS macro cell inter frequency hard handovers +- b) CC +- c) On receipt of the Iu Release command as part of the inter frequency hard handover. Whenever the HNB receives Iu Release Command from the core network with cause "Successful Relocation" or "Normal Release" during handover execution and the handover is a hard handover inter frequency to a UMTS macro cell. +- d) A single integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form **HHO.SuccHnbUmtsInterFreq** (3GPP TS 32.403[10]) +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic and circuit switch traffic. + +#### 4.2.4.3 Attempted HNB to 3G Macro Intra Frequency Hard Handovers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted HNB to UMTS macro cell intra frequency hard handovers +- b) CC +- c) When the HNB sends the last handover command to the UE in a series of intra frequency handover attempts (retries), this handover attempt is for intra frequency hard handover to a UMTS macro cell and no further handover attempt is made because, either + - This last handover attempt was successful, or + - This last handover attempt was not successful and no further possible target cell is available while handover would still be needed. + +The handover command can be one of the RRC messages. The target UMTS system selects the message that is actually used. + +Note: The HNB can determine the condition to peg the attempt counter after successful or unsuccessful outcome of the handover, only. + +- d) A single integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form **HHO.AttHnbUmtsIntraFreq** (3GPP TS 32.403[10]) +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic and circuit switch traffic. + +#### 4.2.4.4 Attempted HNB to 3G Macro Inter Frequency Hard Handovers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted HNB to UMTS macro cell inter frequency hard handovers +- b) CC + +- c) When the HNB sends the last handover command to the UE in a series of inter frequency handover attempts (retries), this handover attempt is for inter frequency hard handover to a UMTS macro cell and no further handover attempt is made because, either + - This last handover attempt was successful, or + - This last handover attempt was not successful and no further possible target cell is available while handover would still be needed. + +The handover command can be one of the RRC messages: The target UMTS system selects the message that is actually used. + +Note: The HNB can determine the condition to peg the attempt counter after successful or unsuccessful outcome of the handover, only. + +- d) A single integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form **HHO.AttHnbUmtsInterFreq** (3GPP TS 32.403[10]) +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic and circuit switch traffic + +#### 4.2.4.5 Failed HNB to 3G Macro Intra Frequency Hard Handovers + +Editor's Note: Counter definition to be added + +#### 4.2.4.6 Failed HNB to 3G Macro Inter Frequency Hard Handovers + +Editor's Note: Counter definition to be added + +### 4.2.5 HNB CS handovers + +#### 4.2.5.1 Attempted 3G Macro to HNB CS Handovers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted 3G Macro to HNB CS handovers +- b) CC +- c) On receipt of RANAP RelocationRequest by the HNB. When the HNB received RANAP Relocation Request with RRC container SRNS RELOCATION INFO, this counter shall be pegged. Note: The HNB can determine the condition to peg the attempt counter after successful or unsuccessful outcome of the handover. +- d) A single integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form **CSHO.Att3GMacroToHnbCSHO** (3GPP TS 32.403[10]) +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for circuit switch traffic + +#### 4.2.5.2 Successful 3G Macro to HNB CS Handovers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful 3G Macro to HNB CS handovers +- b) CC +- c) The UE successfully relocates from a 3G macro with a RB reconfiguration complete and the last step of the post relocation procedures is successfully completed. The counter shall be pegged when the UTRAN Mobility Information is sent to the UE +- d) A single integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form **CSHO.Succ3GMacroToHnbCSHO** (3GPP TS 32.403[10]) +- f) HNB + +- g) Valid for circuit switch traffic. + +#### 4.2.5.3 Failed 3G Macro to HNB CS Handovers + +**Editor's Note:** Counter definition to be added + +#### 4.2.5.4 Attempted 2G Macro to HNB CS Handovers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted 2G Macro to HNB CS handovers +- b) CC +- c) When the HNB received RANAP Relocation Request with RRC container INTER RAT HANDOVER INFO WITH INTER RAT CAPABILITIES, this counter shall be pegged. Note: The HNB can determine the condition to peg the attempt counter after successful or unsuccessful outcome of the handover +- d) A single integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form **CSHO.Att2GMacroToHnbCSHO** (3GPP TS 32.403[10]) +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for circuit switch traffic. + +#### 4.2.5.5 Successful 2G Macro to HNB CS Handovers + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful 2G Macro to HNB CS handovers +- b) CC +- c) The UE successfully relocates from a 2G macro with a HO to UTRAN Complete and the last step of the post relocation procedures is successfully completed. +- d) A single integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form **CSHO.Succ2GMacroToHnbCSHO** (3GPP TS 32.403[10]) +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for circuit switch traffic. + +#### 4.2.5.6 Failed 2G Macro to HNB CS Handovers + +**Editor's Note:** Counter definition to be added + +### 4.2.6 Number of Uplink User Bits for PS EDCH above RLC + +- a) Number of uplink User Bits for PS RABs related with EDCH above RLC. The average uplink data throughput on EDCH RABs can be derived from this counter. +- b) CC +- c) Whenever an RLC PDU related to a RAB UL for EDCH has been acknowledged, the number of payload bits in the RLC PDU (the number of bits that have come from a received T-PDU) is summed. The counter shall deliver per granularity period the sum of all user bits transferred on UL RAB for EDCH. +- d) One integer value (64 bits Integer) +- e) The measurement name has the form **NumUserBits.EDCH\_PS** +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched + +### 4.2.7 Number of Uplink User Bits for PS UL 64 kbps Data Rate + +- a) Number of Uplink User Bits for PS RABs with UL 64 kbps data rate. The average uplink data throughput on 64 kbps RABs can be derived from this counter. +- b) CC +- c) On receipt of a RLC PDU related to a RAB with 64kbps UL data rate, the number of payload bits in the RLC PDU (the number of bits that will be transported in a T-PDU) is summed. +The counter shall deliver per granularity period the sum of all user bits transferred on 64 kbps UL RAB. One integer value +- d) The measurement name has the NumUserBits.PS64UL +- e) HNB +- f) Valid for packet switched + +### 4.2.8 Number of Uplink User Bits for PS UL 128 kbps Data Rate + +- a) Number of Uplink User Bits for PS RABs with UL 128 kbps data rate. The average uplink data throughput on 128 kbps RABs can be derived from this counter. +- b) CC +- c) On receipt of a RLC PDU related to a RAB with 128kbps UL data rate, the number of payload bits in the RLC PDU (the number of bits that will be transported in a T-PDU) is summed. +The counter shall deliver per granularity period the sum of all user bits transferred on 128 kbps UL RAB. +- d) One integer value +- e) The measurement name has the NumUserBits.PS128UL +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched + +### 4.2.9 Number of Uplink User Bits for PS UL 384 kbps Data Rate + +- a) Number of Uplink User Bits for PS RABs with UL 384 kbps data rate. The average uplink data throughput on 384 kbps RABs can be derived from this counter. +- b) CC +- c) On receipt of a RLC PDU related to a RAB with 384kbps UL data rate, the number of payload bits in the RLC PDU (the number of bits that will be transported in a T-PDU) is summed. +The counter shall deliver per granularity period the sum of all user bits transferred on 384 kbps UL RAB. +- d) One integer value +- e) The measurement name has the NumUserBits.PS384UL +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched + +### 4.2.10 Number of Downlink User Bits for PS RABs related with HSDPA above RLC + +- a) Number of Downlink User Bits for PS RABs related with HSDPA above RLC. The average downlink data throughput on HSDPA RABs can be derived from this counter. +- b) CC + +- c) Whenever an RLC PDU related to a RAB DL for HSDPA has been acknowledged, the number of payload bits in the RLC PDU (the number of bits that have come from a received T-PDU) is summed. The counter shall deliver per granularity period the sum of all user bits. +- d) One integer value per measurement type (64 bits Integer) +- e) The measurement name has the form **NumUserBits.HSDPADL\_PS** +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic. + +### 4.2.11 Number of Downlink User Bits for PS DL 64 kbps Data Rate (non-HSDPA) above RLC + +- a) Number of Downlink User Bits for PS RABs (non-HSDPA) with DL 64 kbps data rate above RLC. +The average downlink data throughput on 64 kbps RABs (non-HSDPA) can be derived from this counter. +- b) CC +- c) Whenever an RLC PDU related to a non-HSDPA RAB with 64kbps DL data rate has been acknowledged, the number of payload bits in the RLC PDU (the number of bits that have come from a received T-PDU) is summed. The counter shall deliver per granularity period the sum of all user bits transferred on 64 kbps DL RAB. +- d) One integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form **NumUserBits.PS64DL** +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched + +### 4.2.12 Number of Downlink User Bits for PS DL 128 kbps Data Rate (non-HSDPA) above RLC + +- a) Number of Downlink User Bits for PS RABs (non-HSDPA) with DL 128 kbps data rate above RLC. +The average downlink data throughput on 128 kbps RABs (non-HSDPA) can be derived from this counter. +- b) CC +- c) Whenever an RLC PDU related to a non-HSDPA RAB with 128kbps DL data rate has been acknowledged, the number of payload bits in the RLC PDU (the number of bits that have come from a received T-PDU) is summed. The counter shall deliver per granularity period the sum of all user bits transferred on 128 kbps DL RAB. +- d) One integer value +- e) The measurement name has the form **NumUserBits.PS128DL** +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched + +### 4.2.13 Number of Downlink User Bits for PS DL 384 kbps Data Rate (non-HSDPA) above RLC + +- a) Number of Downlink User Bits for PS RABs (non-HSDPA) with DL 384 kbps data rate above RLC. +The average downlink data throughput on 384 kbps RABs (non-HSDPA) can be derived from this counter. +- b) CC +- c) Whenever an RLC PDU related to a non-HSDPA RAB with 384kbps DL data rate has been acknowledged, the number of payload bits in the RLC PDU (the number of bits that have come from a received T-PDU) is + +summed.-The counter shall deliver per granularity period the sum of all user bits transferred on 384 kbps DL RAB. + +- d) One integer value +- e) The measurement name has the NumUserBits.PS384DL +- f) HNB +- g) Valid for packet switched + +# --- Annex A: Use cases for performance measurements definition + +The present annex provides the concrete use cases for the HNS performance measurements defined in clause 4. + +## --- A.1 Use case of registration and de-registration measurements + +UE registration is one of most important step to start delivering services by the HNS to users. + +The success or failure of a registration directly impacts the quality level for delivering the service by the networks, and also user's experience. So the success or failure of registration needs be monitored, this can be achieved by the calculation of registration setup success rate which gives a direct view to evaluate the user's access to the network and analyze the specific reason causing the failure in order to find out the problem and ascertain the solutions. + +In addition, de-registration is another sort of indicator to guarantee user QoS level. In the case of radio resource and transport resource shortage, HNB or HNB-GW could initiates a de-registration requests. The collections of de-registration would help to evaluate network deployment states. Depending on these parameters meaning, network optimizations could be implemented. This can be achieved by identifying the specific reason and splitting into sub-subcounters per cause. These parameters give a direct view to evaluate network states. + +## --- A.2 Use case of the SCTP signalling measurements + +In order to avoid the overload of HNB-GW, SCTP signaling measurements data will be combined with HNB-GW user plane measurement data to reflect load status on HNB-GW. + +In addition, the ratio of signaling to data bandwidth usage is very useful to monitor some abnormal events, such as if the ratio of them is too high, some unusual events are possible happened. Therefore, the operator could analyze whether some problems exist in the network or not, and may find out root-causes leaded to the bad conditions, finally resolve the problems. + +## --- A.3 Use case of HNB registration and de-registration measurements + +HNB registration and de-registration are most important step to start or cease delivering services by the networks to users. + +The successful and failed HNB registration rate can reflect Iuh link status between HNB and HNB-GW. It could be used to evaluate an operational quality for operators. Especially, HNB uses a leased backhaul to connect to HNB-GW. A successful HNB registration rate could be treated as a key performance indicator to offer to users who signed SLA with operators. A failed HNB registration could be aroused by several causes, such network congestion, blacklisted HNB, unauthorized HNB location, etc. The monitor of failed reason could facilitate trouble-shooting. Operator can determine root-causes depending on the feedback. In addition, an operational optimization can be performed in the specific area, where HNBs using similar LAC are often failed to get service. + +HNB-GW originated de-registration will be performed whenever HNB-GW needs to terminate operations with an HNB. The specific causes can be extracted from the signalling HNB DE-REGISTER, such as overload and unspecified. In the case of overload, it can accurately reflect HNB-GW load status. And, operators could implement further measures to avoid potential failures when specific HNB-GW often initiates de-registration process with the cause of overload. + +## --- A.4 Use case of HNB-GW user plane measurements + +HNB-GW user plane related measurements are used to measure data volume on Iuh interface including incoming and outgoing of data packets and octets for RTP and GTP-U. + +Based on that, the measurements are useful to analyze data volumes and velocity from HNB-GW point-of-view. If the data volume is too high, more interface bandwidth should be deployed, or HNB-GW load balance should be considered. If data velocity is too high, the packet forwarding capacity of HNB-GW should be enhanced to avoid data congestion. + +In addition, differentiating user plane statistics on PS and CS domain can allow operators to monitor respective data volume for different service type. Furthermore, it can also reflect the load status on Iucs and Iups interfaces, on which performance evaluations will benefit from distinguished data stream monitoring + +Finally, HNB-GW user plane related measurements could be together with other performance measurements to analyze network performance to find out the abnormal events. + +## --- A.5 RAB related performance + +RAB management procedure includes RAB Assignment procedure and RAB Release Request procedure. The purpose of RAB Assignment procedure is to establish new RABs and releases of already established RABs for a given UE. If RABs are failed to be established, the involved services may fail. RAB release request can be initiated HNB when the services terminate normally or abnormally. + +During daily maintenance of network, measurements regarding RAB establishment and release are useful for operators to evaluate RAB management procedures, to analyze failure reasons of RAB establishment and to analyze the causes of RAB release, especially in case RAB release abnormally. + +Based on that, these measurements are useful for drawing connection rate and drop rate of Femto system for both CS and PS domain. Both rates reflect connectivity and continuity for system services, which are the direct key performance indicators of user experience. Operators can analyse these indicators and acknowledge network quality and user experience better. + +## --- A.6 Faulty transport blocks related performance + +This measurement family is used to measure the number of received uplink transport blocks of DCH and uplink faulty transport blocks of DCH. + +Based on that, the measurements are useful to analyze uplink transport block error rate from HNB point-of-view. If the block error rate is too high, it indicates a bad channel environment, and a handover or low-level modulation may be needed. In addition, differentiating transport block error rate on PS and CS domain can allow operators to monitor respective for different service type. + +Finally, faulty transport blocks related measurements could be together with other performance measurements to analyze network performance to find out the abnormal events. + +## --- A.7 CSG service related performance + +A Closed Subscriber Group identifies subscribers of an operator who are permitted to access one or more PLMN cells which have restricted access. It is a new added feature in HNB to facilitate the provisioning of new service. + +By calculating these parameters relating to CSG service, the operator can obtain the mean number of CSG UEs and the successful rate of inbound mobility for UEs. The mean number of CSG UEs indicates how many users accessing the CSG service, which is a key performance for service utilization. The successful rate of inbound mobility for UEs performs a key indicator of CSG service accessibility. As low handover success rate will impact user experience, it is important to define measurements to capture handover success rate. Furthermore, detailed analysis of handover failures is essential to know what causes the handovers. + +Based on these indicators, the operator can optimize the service coverage and enhance the user experience. + +## --- A.8 LIPA related performance + +The direct user plane path between the HNB and the collocated L-GW is enabled with a Correlation ID parameter that is associated with the default bearer on a PDP connection used for Local IP Access. Upon establishment of the default bearer the SGSN sets the Correlation ID the user plane GGSN TEID that the Gn-SGSN has received or the user plane + +PDN GW TEID that the S4-SGSN has received. The Correlation ID is then signalled by the SGSN to the HNB as part of RAB establishment and is stored in the RAB context in the HNB. The Correlation ID is used in the HNB for matching the radio bearers with the direct user plane path connections from the collocated L-GW. + +Measurements regarding RABs corresponding to direct user plane path between HNB and LGW are useful for operators to evaluate the performance of RAB procedures. When users have problems with LIPA services, operators could analyze the reasons through these measurements. + +# Annex B: Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2009-09 | SP-45 | SP-090547 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110114 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Approval | 1.0.0 | 2.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 2.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2011-09 | SP-53 | SP-110634 | 001 | 2 | Correction of the measurement names in the KPI definition of E-RAB Accessibility | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32453/08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32453/08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg new file mode 100644 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+|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 7 | +| 2 References..... | 7 | +| 3 Measurement family and abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 3.1 Measurement family..... | 9 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 4 Functionality related measurements..... | 10 | +| 4.1 Measurements related to HeNB-GW ..... | 10 | +| 4.1.1 Signalling Plane related measurements ..... | 10 | +| 4.1.1.1 Numbers of incoming SCTP packets on the S1 interface, from HeNB to HeNB GW..... | 10 | +| 4.1.1.2 Numbers of outgoing SCTP packets on the S1 interface, from HeNB GW to HeNB..... | 10 | +| 4.1.1.3 Numbers of octets of incoming SCTP packets on the S1 interface, from HeNB to HeNB GW ..... | 10 | +| 4.1.1.4 Numbers of octets of outgoing SCTP packets on the S1 interface, from HeNB GW to HeNB..... | 11 | +| 4.1.2 User plane related measurements..... | 11 | +| 4.1.2.1 Numbers of incoming GTP-U packets of S1 interface, from HeNB to HeNB GW ..... | 11 | +| 4.1.2.2 Numbers of outgoing GTP-U packets of S1 interface, from HeNB GW to HeNB..... | 11 | +| 4.1.2.3 Numbers of octets of incoming GTP-U packets of S1 interface, from HeNB to HeNB GW ..... | 12 | +| 4.1.2.4 Numbers of octets of outgoing GTP-U packets of S1 interface, from HeNB GW to HeNB ..... | 12 | +| 4.2 Measurements related to HeNB ..... | 12 | +| 4.2.1 Measurements related to CSG service..... | 12 | +| 4.2.1.1 Overview..... | 12 | +| 4.2.1.2 Mean number of attached CSG UEs in HeNB ..... | 13 | +| 4.2.1.3 Inbound CSG mobility measurements..... | 14 | +| 4.2.1.3.1 Attempted inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or Hybrid cells in RRC_CONNECTED mode..... | 14 | +| 4.2.1.3.2 Successful inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or Hybrid cells in RRC_CONNECTED mode..... | 14 | +| 4.2.1.3.3 Failed inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or Hybrid cells in RRC_CONNECTED mode ..... | 14 | +| 4.2.2 Measurements related to RRC..... | 15 | +| 4.2.2.1 Overview..... | 15 | +| 4.2.2.2 RRC connection establishments ..... | 15 | +| 4.2.2.2.1 Attempted RRC connection establishments..... | 15 | +| 4.2.2.2.2 Successful RRC connection establishments..... | 16 | +| 4.2.2.2.3 Failed RRC connection establishments..... | 16 | +| 4.2.3 Measurements related to E-RAB..... | 17 | +| 4.2.3.1 Overview..... | 17 | +| 4.2.3.2 Initial E-RAB setup ..... | 18 | +| 4.2.3.2.1 Number of initial E-RABs attempted to setup ..... | 18 | +| 4.2.3.2.2 Number of initial E-RABs successfully established ..... | 19 | +| 4.2.3.2.3 Number of initial E-RABs failed to setup..... | 19 | +| 4.2.3.3 E-RAB setup..... | 19 | +| 4.2.3.3.1 Number of E-RABs attempted to setup..... | 20 | +| 4.2.3.3.2 Number of E-RABs successfully established..... | 20 | +| 4.2.3.3.3 Number of E-RABs failed to setup ..... | 20 | +| 4.2.3.4 E-RAB release request by HeNS..... | 21 | +| 4.2.3.4.1 Number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by HeNB per QCI..... | 21 | +| 4.2.3.4.2 Number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by HeNB per cause..... | 21 | +| 4.2.3.5 E-RAB for Direct User Plane Path between HeNB and LGW ..... | 21 | +| 4.2.3.5.1 Number of Direct User Plane Path..... | 21 | +| 4.2.3.5.1 Number of Direct User Plane Path attempted to setup..... | 22 | +| 4.2.3.5.2 Number of Direct User Plane Path successfully established..... | 22 | +| 4.2.3.5.3 Number of Direct User Plane Path failed to setup ..... | 22 | +| 4.2.4 Measurements related to handover..... | 23 | +| 4.2.4.1 Overview..... | 23 | + +| | | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 4.2.4.2 | eNB related Handovers ..... | 24 | +| 4.2.4.2.1 | Attempted outgoing handover to eNB per handover cause..... | 24 | +| 4.2.4.2.2 | Successful outgoing handover to eNB per handover cause ..... | 25 | +| 4.2.4.2.3 | Failed outgoing handover to eNB per handover cause ..... | 25 | +| 4.2.4.2.4 | Attempted incoming handover from eNB per handover cause..... | 26 | +| 4.2.4.2.5 | Successful incoming handover from eNB per handover cause..... | 26 | +| 4.2.4.2.6 | Failed incoming handover from eNB per handover cause..... | 26 | +| 4.2.4.3 | Inter-RAT Handovers ..... | 27 | +| 4.2.4.3.1 | Attempted outgoing handovers to UTRAN per handover cause..... | 27 | +| 4.2.4.3.2 | Successful outgoing handovers to UTRAN per handover cause ..... | 27 | +| 4.2.4.3.3 | Failed outgoing handovers to UTRAN per handover cause ..... | 27 | +| 4.2.4.3.4 | Attempted outgoing handovers to GERAN per handover cause..... | 28 | +| 4.2.4.3.5 | Successful outgoing handovers to GERAN per handover cause ..... | 28 | +| 4.2.4.3.6 | Failed outgoing handovers to GERAN per handover cause ..... | 28 | +| 4.2.5 | Measurements related to PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 29 | +| 4.2.5.1 | Average DL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 29 | +| 4.2.5.2 | Average UL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 29 | +| 4.2.5.3 | Maximum DL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 30 | +| 4.2.5.4 | Maximum UL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate ..... | 30 | +| 4.2.6 | Measurements related to Packet Delay and Drop Rate ..... | 30 | +| 4.2.6.1 | Average DL PDCP SDU delay ..... | 30 | +| 4.2.6.2 | DL PDCP SDU drop rate ..... | 31 | +| 4.2.7 | Measurements related to Packet Loss Rate ..... | 31 | +| 4.2.7.1 | DL PDCP SDU air interface loss rate..... | 31 | +| 4.2.7.2 | UL PDCP SDU loss rate ..... | 31 | +| Annex A: | Use cases for performance measurements definition ..... | 33 | +| A.1 | Use case of the SCTP signalling measurements ..... | 33 | +| A.2 | Use case of HeNB-GW user plane measurements..... | 33 | +| A.3 | CSG service related performance ..... | 33 | +| A.4 | RRC related performance..... | 33 | +| A.5 | E-RAB related performance..... | 34 | +| A.6 | Handover related performance..... | 34 | +| A.7 | Radio bearer QoS related performance..... | 34 | +| A.8 | Packet delay, drop rate and loss rate related performance ..... | 34 | +| Annex B: | Change history ..... | 36 | + +# Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.401 Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements +- 32.402 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements – GSM +- 32.404 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template +- 32.405 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) +- 32.406 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Packet Switched (PS) domain +- 32.407 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Circuit Switched (CS) domain +- 32.408 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Teleservice +- 32.409 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) +- 32.452 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) +- 32.453 Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Home enhanced Node B Subsystem (HeNS)** + +The present document is part of a set of specifications, which describe the requirements and information model necessary for the standardised Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OA&M) of a multi-vendor Home enhanced Node B Subsystem (HeNS). + +During the lifetime of HeNS, its logical and physical configuration will undergo changes of varying degrees and frequencies in order to optimise the utilisation of the network resources. These changes will be executed through network configuration management activities and/or network engineering, see 3GPP TS 32.600 [1]. + +Many of the activities involved in the daily operation and future network planning of HeNS require data on which to base decisions. This data refers to the load carried by the network and the grade of service offered. In order to produce this data performance measurements are executed in the NEs, which comprise the network. The data can then be transferred to an external system, e.g. an Operations System (OS) in TMN terminology, for further evaluation. The purpose of the present document is to describe the mechanisms involved in the collection of the data and the definition of the data itself. + +Annex B of TS 32.404[2] helps in the definition of new performance measurements that can be submitted to 3GPP for potential adoption and inclusion in the present document. Annex B of TS 32.404[2] discusses a top-down performance + +measurement definition methodology that focuses on how the end-user of performance measurements can use the measurements. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document describes the measurements for Home enhanced Node B Subsystem (HeNS). + +HeNS [3] consists of a HeNB and optionally a HeNB GW. And, it is connected by means of the standard S1 interface to the EPC (Evolved Packet Core), more specifically to the MME (Mobility Management Entity) by means of the S1-MME interface and to the Serving Gateway (S-GW) by means of the S1-U interface + +TS 32.401 [4] describes Performance Management concepts and requirements. + +The present document is valid for all measurement types provided by an implementation of HeNS. + +Only measurement types that are specific to HeNS are defined within the present documents. Vendor specific measurement types used in HeNS are not covered. Instead, these could be applied according to manufacturer's documentation. + +Measurements related to "external" technologies (such as ATM or IP) as described by "external" standards bodies (e.g. ITU-T or IETF) shall only be referenced within this specification, wherever there is a need identified for the existence of such a reference. + +The definition of the standard measurements is intended to result in comparability of measurement data produced in a multi-vendor network, for those measurement types that can be standardised across all vendors' implementations. + +The structure of the present document is as follows: + +- Header 1: Network Element (e.g. measurements related to HeNB and HeNB GW); +- Header 2: Measurement function (e.g. HeNB registration measurements); +- Header 3: Measurements. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.404: "Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - Definitions and template". +- [3] 3GPP TS 23.401: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 36.300: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 9)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 36.413: "Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); S1 Application Protocol (S1AP)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 36.331: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification". +- [8] 3GPP TS 36.314: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Layer 2 – Measurements". + +# 3 Measurement family and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Measurement family + +The measurement names defined in the present document are all beginning with a prefix containing the measurement family name (e.g. S1.IncSctpPkt). This family name identifies all measurements which relate to a given functionality and it may be used for measurement administration (see 3GPP TS 32.401 [4]). + +The list of families currently used in the present document is as follows: + +- S1 (measurements related to S1 interface). +- CSG (measurements related to CSG membership) +- HO (measurements related to handover) +- DRB (measurements related to Data Radio Bearer) + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|------|--------------------------------------------| +| 3G | 3 rd Generation | +| 3GPP | 3G Partnership Project | +| CS | Circuit switched | +| CN | Core Network | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| OA&M | Operation, Administration and Maintenance | +| OS | Operations System (EM, NM) | +| PM | Performance Management | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +You can find below a list of abbreviations used within the measurement types for field E of the measurement template (see 3GPP TS 32.404 [2]). + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------| +| Ans | Answer(ed) | +| Att | Attempted | +| Auth | Authorization | +| Cs | Circuit switched | +| DER | Discrete Event Registration | +| DeReg | De-Registration | +| Dmn | Domain | +| Estab | Establish(ment) | +| Fail | Failed(/Failure) | +| Fwd | Forward(ed) | +| Inc | Incoming | +| Ind | Indication | +| Nbr | Number | +| Rel | Release(s,d) | +| Res | Resource | +| Succ | Success(es,ful) | + +# --- 4 Functionality related measurements + +The measurements defined in this clause are related to the functionality aspect performance. The detailed measurements for each function are defined in the following subclauses. + +## 4.1 Measurements related to HeNB-GW + +A HeNB GW is optional in a HeNB subsystem. If the HeNB is connected by means of the standard S1 interface to the HeNB GW, more specifically through HeNB GW to the MME (Mobility Management Entity) by means of the S1-MME interface and to the Serving Gateway (S-GW) by means of the S1-U interface. + +NOTE 1: These measurements are only effective when HeNB GW is included in HeNS. + +### 4.1.1 Signalling Plane related measurements + +#### 4.1.1.1 Numbers of incoming SCTP packets on the S1 interface, from HeNB to HeNB GW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SCTP data packets sent from HeNB to HeNB GW which have been accepted and processed by the SCTP protocol entity on the S1 interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a SCTP data PDU from HeNB to HeNB GW on the S1-MME interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) S1.IncSctpPkt +- f) HeNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switching +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.1.2 Numbers of outgoing SCTP packets on the S1 interface, from HeNB GW to HeNB + +- a) This measurement provides the number of SCTP data packets sent from HeNB GW to HeNB which have been generated by the SCTP protocol entity on the S1 interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a SCTP data PDU from HeNB GW to HeNB on the S1-MME interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) S1.OutSctpPkt +- f) HeNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switching +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.1.3 Numbers of octets of incoming SCTP packets on the S1 interface, from HeNB to HeNB GW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of SCTP data packets sent from HeNB to HeNB GW which have been accepted and processed by the SCTP protocol entity on the S1 interface. +- b) CC. + +- c) Receipt of a SCTP data PDU from HeNB to HeNB GW on the S1 interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) S1.IncSctpOct +- f) HeNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switching +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.1.4 Numbers of octets of outgoing SCTP packets on the S1 interface, from HeNB GW to HeNB + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of SCTP data packets sent from HeNB GW to HeNB which have been generated by the SCTP protocol entity on the S1 interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of a SCTP data PDU from HeNB GW to HeNB on the Iuh interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) S1.OutSctpOct +- f) HeNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switching +- h) EPS + +### 4.1.2 User plane related measurements + +#### 4.1.2.1 Numbers of incoming GTP-U packets of S1 interface, from HeNB to HeNB GW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP-U data packets on the user plane, sent from HeNB to HeNB GW on S1 interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an GTP-U data PDU from HeNB to HeNB GW on the user plane of S1 interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) S1.IncPsPkt +- f) HeNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.2.2 Numbers of outgoing GTP-U packets of S1 interface, from HeNB GW to HeNB + +- a) This measurement provides the number of GTP-U data packets sent on the user plane, from HeNB GW to HeNB on S1 interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an GTP-U data PDU from HeNB GW to HeNB on the user plane of S1 interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) S1.OutPsPkt + +- f) HeNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.2.3 Numbers of octets of incoming GTP-U packets of S1 interface, from HeNB to HeNB GW + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of GTP-U data packets on the user plane, sent from HeNB to HeNB GW on S1 interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of an GTP-U data PDU from HeNB to HeNB GW on the user plane of S1 interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) S1.IncPsOct +- f) HeNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.1.2.4 Numbers of octets of outgoing GTP-U packets of S1 interface, from HeNB GW to HeNB + +- a) This measurement provides the number of octets of GTP-U data packets on the user plane, sent from HeNB GW to HeNB on S1 interface. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of an GTP-U data PDU from HeNB GW to HeNB on the user plane of S1 interface. +- d) A single integer value. +- e) S1.OutPsOct +- f) HeNBGWFunction +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +## 4.2 Measurements related to HeNB + +### 4.2.1 Measurements related to CSG service + +#### 4.2.1.1 Overview + +A Closed Subscriber Group identifies subscribers of an operator who are permitted to access one or more cells of the PLMN but which have restricted access (CSG cells). + +The CSG inbound mobility procedure provides means for UEs switching from other cells to CSG HeNBs or to Hybrid Cells in RRC\_CONNECTED mode. The procedure is triggered when the target HeNB receives a HANDOVER REQUEST message from the MME, including the CSG id and – for handover to a hybrid cell – CSG Membership Status. In case the target HeNB is connected to MME through HeNB GW, the HANDOVER REQUEST message should be sent from the HeNB GW. The successful CSG inbound mobility rate poses an important impact on the QoE, therefore it is essential to define related measurements + +The CSG inbound mobility procedure is initiated by MME. + +Performance measurement definitions in this subclause are based on 3GPP TS 36.413 [6]. + +The following paragraphs are of interest for this purpose: + +- HANDOVER REQUEST +- HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE +- HANDOVER FAILURE + +These paragraphs show in particular the following diagram. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 1: CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Successful Operation. It shows a 'target HeNB' on the left and an 'MME' on the right. The MME sends a 'HANDOVER REQUEST' to the target HeNB. The target HeNB responds with a 'HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE' back to the MME. Both entities have a thick horizontal bar at the bottom representing their lifelines.](08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram for Figure 1: CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Successful Operation. It shows a 'target HeNB' on the left and an 'MME' on the right. The MME sends a 'HANDOVER REQUEST' to the target HeNB. The target HeNB responds with a 'HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE' back to the MME. Both entities have a thick horizontal bar at the bottom representing their lifelines. + +**Figure 1 CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Successful Operation** + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 2: CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Unsuccessful Operation. It shows a 'target HeNB' on the left and an 'MME' on the right. The MME sends a 'HANDOVER REQUEST' to the target HeNB. The target HeNB responds with a 'HANDOVER FAILURE' back to the MME. Both entities have a thick horizontal bar at the bottom representing their lifelines.](78ffccd66df9bafd96e3e081110d09dd_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram for Figure 2: CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Unsuccessful Operation. It shows a 'target HeNB' on the left and an 'MME' on the right. The MME sends a 'HANDOVER REQUEST' to the target HeNB. The target HeNB responds with a 'HANDOVER FAILURE' back to the MME. Both entities have a thick horizontal bar at the bottom representing their lifelines. + +**Figure 2 CSG UE Inbound Procedure: Unsuccessful Operation** + +#### 4.2.1.2 Mean number of attached CSG UEs in HeNB + +- a) This measurement provides the mean number of attached CSG UEs in the HeNB. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained by sampling at a pre-defined interval the number of CSG UEs in the HeNB and then taking the arithmetic mean (see TS 36.300 [5]). +- d) A single integer value +- e) CSG.MeanNbrUsr +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for circuit and packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.1.3 Inbound CSG mobility measurements + +The three measurement types defined in the subclause 4.2.1.3 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.2.1.3.1 Attempted inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or Hybrid cells in RRC\_CONNECTED mode + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or hybrid cells in RRC\_CONNECTED mode +- b) CC + +- c) Receipt by the HeNB of a SIAP message HANDOVER REQUEST from the MME/HeNB GW with the “CSG id” IE, and “CSG Membership Status” IE for handover to a hybrid cell (see TS 36.413 [6]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CSG.AttInboundMobility +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for circuit and packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.1.3.2 Successful inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or Hybrid cells in RRC\_CONNECTED mode + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or hybrid cells in RRC\_CONNECTED mode +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the HeNB of a SIAP message HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE to the MME/HeNB GW, corresponding to the receipt by the HeNB of a SIAP message HANDOVER REQUEST from the MME/HeNB GW with the “CSG id” IE, and “CSG Membership Status” IE for handover to a hybrid cell (see TS 36.413 [6]). +- d) A single integer value. +- e) CSG.SuccInboundMobility +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for circuit and packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.1.3.3 Failed inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or Hybrid cells in RRC\_CONNECTED mode + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed successful inbound mobility for UEs to CSG cells or hybrid cells in RRC\_CONNECTED mode +- b) CC +- c) Transmission by the HeNB of a SIAP message HANDOVER FAILURE to the MME/HeNB GW, corresponding to the receipt by the HeNB of a SIAP message HANDOVER REQUEST from the MME/HeNB GW with the “CSG id” IE, and “CSG Membership Status” IE for handover to a hybrid cell (see TS 36.413 [6]). +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) CSG.FailedInboundMobility. *Cause* +where *Cause* identifies the failure cause. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for circuit and packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.2.2 Measurements related to RRC + +#### 4.2.2.1 Overview + +Performance Measurement definitions in this subclause are based on 3PGG TS 36.413 [6]. + +The following paragraphs are of interest for this purpose: + +- RRC CONNECTION REQUEST +- RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE +- RRC CONNECTION REJECT + +These paragraphs show in particular the following diagrams. + +![Sequence diagram for successful RRC connection establishment between UE and EUTRAN.](1b5a812c8aa20fd5cba28e97001d32de_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant EUTRAN + Note left of UE: + UE->>EUTRAN: RRCConnectionRequest + Note right of EUTRAN: + EUTRAN-->>UE: RRCConnectionSetup + Note left of UE: + UE->>EUTRAN: RRCConnectionSetupComplete + Note right of EUTRAN: + +``` + +The diagram shows a successful RRC connection establishment. It starts with the UE sending an RRCConnectionRequest to the EUTRAN. The EUTRAN responds with an RRCConnectionSetup message. The UE then replies with an RRCConnectionSetupComplete message. Both ends have a thick horizontal bar at the bottom, indicating the end of the sequence. + +Sequence diagram for successful RRC connection establishment between UE and EUTRAN. + +Figure 3 RRC connection establishment, successful + +![Sequence diagram for RRC connection establishment rejected by the network.](f6e8acf9f931452d01688d311b5c0364_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant EUTRAN + Note left of UE: + UE->>EUTRAN: RRCConnectionRequest + Note right of EUTRAN: + EUTRAN-->>UE: RRCConnectionReject + Note left of UE: + +``` + +The diagram shows an RRC connection establishment that is rejected by the network. It starts with the UE sending an RRCConnectionRequest to the EUTRAN. The EUTRAN responds with an RRCConnectionReject message. Both ends have a thick horizontal bar at the bottom, indicating the end of the sequence. + +Sequence diagram for RRC connection establishment rejected by the network. + +Figure 4 RRC connection establishment, network reject + +#### 4.2.2.2 RRC connection establishments + +The three measurement types defined in the clause 4.2.2.2 for HeNB are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.2.2.2.1 Attempted RRC connection establishments + +- This measurement provides the number of RRC connection establishment attempts for each establishment cause. +- CC +- Receipt of an RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message by the HeNB from the UE. Each RRC Connection Request message received is added to the relevant per cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [7]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of RRC Connection Establishment attempts. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- The measurement name has the form RRC.AttConnEstab.Cause where Cause identifies the Establishment Cause. +- HeNB +- Valid for packet switched traffic +- EPS + +##### 4.2.2.2.2 Successful RRC connection establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful RRC establishments for each establishment cause. +- b) CC +- c) Receipt by the HeNB of a RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE message following a RRC establishment attempt. Each RRC Connection Setup Complete message received is added to the relevant per cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [7]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of RRC Connection Establishments. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC.SuccConnEstab.Cause where *Cause* identifies the Establishment Cause. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.2.2.3 Failed RRC connection establishments + +- a) This measurement provides the number of RRC establishment failures for each rejection cause. +- b) CC +- c) Transmission of an RRC CONNECTION REJECT message by the HeNB to the UE or an expected RRC Connection Setup Complete message not received by the HeNB. Each failed RRC connection establishment is added to the relevant per establishment cause measurement. The possible causes are included in TS 36.331 [7]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of RRC connection establishment failures. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form RRC. FailConnEstab.Cause where *Cause* identifies the Rejection Cause. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.2.3 Measurements related to E-RAB + +#### 4.2.3.1 Overview + +Performance Measurement definitions in this subclause are based on 3PGG TS 36.413 [6]. + +The following paragraphs are of interest for this purpose: + +- INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST +- INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE +- INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP FAILURE +- UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST +- E-RAB SETUP REQUEST; + +- E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE; +- E-RAB RELEASE INDICATION. + +These paragraphs show in particular the following diagrams. + +![Sequence diagram for Initial Context Setup procedure. Successful operation. The diagram shows two lifelines: HeNB and MME. The MME sends an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST to the HeNB. The HeNB responds with an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE.](a83ba9e3e2c1e21dd69953a7b09e45b4_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant HeNB + participant MME + Note left of HeNB: + MME->>HeNB: INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST + HeNB-->>MME: INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE + Note right of MME: +``` + +Sequence diagram for Initial Context Setup procedure. Successful operation. The diagram shows two lifelines: HeNB and MME. The MME sends an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST to the HeNB. The HeNB responds with an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE. + +Figure 5 Initial Context Setup procedure. Successful operation + +![Sequence diagram for Initial Context Setup procedure. Unsuccessful operation. The diagram shows two lifelines: HeNB and MME. The MME sends an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST to the HeNB. The HeNB responds with an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP FAILURE.](cb4cfa42ce34febde7bdb882f3fc3094_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant HeNB + participant MME + Note left of HeNB: + MME->>HeNB: INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST + HeNB-->>MME: INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP FAILURE + Note right of MME: +``` + +Sequence diagram for Initial Context Setup procedure. Unsuccessful operation. The diagram shows two lifelines: HeNB and MME. The MME sends an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST to the HeNB. The HeNB responds with an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP FAILURE. + +Figure 6 Initial Context Setup procedure. Unsuccessful operation + +![Sequence diagram for UE Context Release Request procedure. Successful operation. The diagram shows two lifelines: HeNB and MME. The HeNB sends a UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST to the MME.](6f341f415ee0f8c724e5d6daeb1e9b4a_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant HeNB + participant MME + Note left of HeNB: + HeNB->>MME: UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST + Note right of MME: +``` + +Sequence diagram for UE Context Release Request procedure. Successful operation. The diagram shows two lifelines: HeNB and MME. The HeNB sends a UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST to the MME. + +Figure 7 UE Context Release Request procedure. Successful operation + +![Sequence diagram for E-RAB Setup procedures. The diagram shows two lifelines: HeNB and MME. The MME sends an E-RAB SETUP REQUEST to the HeNB. The HeNB responds with an E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE.](96b0240f56d14453b5da05ec30fd5c6e_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant HeNB + participant MME + Note left of HeNB: + MME->>HeNB: E-RAB SETUP REQUEST + HeNB-->>MME: E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE + Note right of MME: +``` + +Sequence diagram for E-RAB Setup procedures. The diagram shows two lifelines: HeNB and MME. The MME sends an E-RAB SETUP REQUEST to the HeNB. The HeNB responds with an E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE. + +Figure 8 E-RAB Setup procedures + +![Sequence diagram showing the E-RAB Release INDICATION procedure. A HeNB (Home eNodeB) sends an E-RAB RELEASE INDICATION message to an MME (Mobility Management Entity).](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant HeNB + participant MME + HeNB->>MME: E-RAB RELEASE INDICATION + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the E-RAB Release INDICATION procedure. A HeNB (Home eNodeB) sends an E-RAB RELEASE INDICATION message to an MME (Mobility Management Entity). + +**Figure 9 E-RAB Release INDICATION procedure. Successful operation** + +#### 4.2.3.2 Initial E-RAB setup + +The three measurement types defined in the clause 4.2.3.2 for HeNB are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.2.3.2.1 Number of initial E-RABs attempted to setup + +- This measurement provides the number of initial E-RABs attempted to setup. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- CC +- On receipt by the HeNB of an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, each requested E-RABs in the message is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [6]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of SAE Bearers attempted to setup. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabInitAttNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- HeNB +- Valid for packet switched traffic +- EPS + +##### 4.2.3.2.2 Number of initial E-RABs successfully established + +- This measurement provides the number of initial E-RABs successfully established. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- CC +- On transmission by the HeNB of an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message, each E-RAB successfully established is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [6]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs successfully setup. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabInitSuccNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- HeNB +- Valid for packet switched traffic + +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.3.2.3 Number of initial E-RABs failed to setup + +- a) This measurement provides the number of initial E-RABs failed to setup. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HeNB of an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE, or INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP FAILURE message, each E-RAB failed to establish is added to the relevant measurement per cause, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [6]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs failed to setup. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabInitFailNbr.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the cause resulting in the initial E-RAB setup failure. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.3.3 E-RAB setup + +The three measurement types defined in the clause 4.2.3.3 for HeNB are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.2.3.3.1 Number of E-RABs attempted to setup + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs attempted to setup. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the HeNB of a E-RAB SETUP REQUEST message, each requested E-RAB in the message is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [6]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of additional E-RABs attempted to setup. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabAttNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.3.3.2 Number of E-RABs successfully established + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs successfully established. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HeNB of a E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE message, each E-RAB successfully established is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [6]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs successfully setup. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. + +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabSuccNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.3.3.3 Number of E-RABs failed to setup + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs failed to setup. The measurement is split into subcounters per failure cause. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HeNB of a E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE message, each E-RAB failed to establish is added to the relevant measurement per cause, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [6]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs failed to setup. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabFailNbr.*Cause* where *Cause* identifies the cause resulting in the additional E-RAB setup failure. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.3.4 E-RAB release request by HeNS + +##### 4.2.3.4.1 Number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by HeNB per QCI + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by HeNB. The measurement is split into subcounters per E-RAB QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HeNB of a E-RAB RELEASE INDICATION or UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST message, each corresponding E-RAB requested to release is added to the relevant measurement per QCI, the possible QCIs are included in TS 36.413 [6]. The sum of all supported per QCI measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by HeNB. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.RelEnbNbr.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the E-RAB level quality of service class. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.3.4.2 Number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by HeNB per cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of E-RABs requested to release initiated by HeNB. The measurement is split into subcounters per cause. + +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HeNB of a E-RAB RELEASE INDICATION or UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST message, each corresponding E-RAB requested to release is added to the relevant measurement per cause. Possible causes are included in TS 36.413 [6]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of supported causes. +- e) The measurement names have the form ERAB.RelEnbNbr.*cause* where *cause* identifies the reason for the E-RABs release request initiated by HeNB. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.3.5 E-RAB for Direct User Plane Path between HeNB and LGW + +##### 4.2.3.5.1 Number of Direct User Plane Path + +The three measurement types defined in the clauses 4.2.3.5.2, 4.2.3.5.3 and 4.2.3.5.4 are subject to the "2 out of 3 approach". + +##### 4.2.3.5.1 Number of Direct User Plane Path attempted to setup + +- a) This measurement provides the number of direct user plane path between HeNB and Local GW attempted to setup. +- b) CC +- c) On receipt by the HeNB of an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message (for initial E-RAB setup) or E-RAB SETUP REQUEST message (for other E-RAB setup) and the PDN connection is established for Local IP Access, each requested E-RABs in the message is added to the relevant measurement. The message includes a Correlation ID for enabling the direct user plane path between the HeNB and the L-GW. The Correlation ID is equal to the user plane PDN GW TEID (GTP-based S5) or GRE key (PMIP-based S5). (3GPP TS 23.401[3]). +- d) Integer. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabDirectPathLGWAttNbr. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.3.5.2 Number of Direct User Plane Path successfully established + +- a) This measurement provides the number of direct user plane path between HeNB and Local GW successfully established. +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HeNB of an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message (for initial E-RAB setup) or E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE message (for other E-RAB setup) and the PDN connection is established for Local IP Access, each E-RAB successfully established is added to the relevant measurement. +- d) Integer. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabDirectPathLGWSuccNbr. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.3.5.3 Number of Direct User Plane Path failed to setup + +- a) This measurement provides the number of direct user plane path between HeNB and Local GW E-RABs failed to setup. + +- b) CC +- c) On transmission by the HeNB of an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE/INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP FAILURE message (for initial E-RAB setup) or E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE message (for other E-RAB setup) and the PDN connection is established for Local IP Access, each E-RAB failed to establish is added to the relevant measurement per cause, the possible causes are included in TS 36.413[6]. The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of E-RABs failed to setup. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form ERAB.EstabDirectPathLGWFailNbr.Cause, where *Cause* identifies the cause resulting in the E-RAB setup failure. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.2.4 Measurements related to handover + +#### 4.2.4.1 Overview + +Performance Measurement definitions in this subclause are based on 3PGG TS 36.413 [6]. + +The following paragraph is of interest for this purpose: + +- HANDOVER REQUEST +- HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE +- RRC CONNECTION RECONFIGURATION +- RRC CONNECTION RECONFIGURATION COMPLETE +- RRC CONNECTION REESTABLISHMENT +- MOBILITY FROM EUTRA COMMAND +- UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND + +These paragraphs show in particular the following diagrams: + +![Sequence diagram showing successful handover resource allocation between eNB and MME.](7ede87328f6b696dcffa65ebc4570cc8_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant eNB + participant MME + Note left of eNB: + Note right of MME: + MME->>eNB: HANDOVER REQUEST + eNB-->>MME: HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE +``` + +The diagram illustrates a successful handover resource allocation process between an eNB (Evolved NodeB) and an MME (Mobility Management Entity). It is a sequence diagram with two vertical lifelines. The MME sends a 'HANDOVER REQUEST' message to the eNB, represented by a solid arrow pointing from the MME lifeline to the eNB lifeline. The eNB responds with a 'HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE' message, represented by a solid arrow pointing from the eNB lifeline to the MME lifeline. Both lifelines have a thick horizontal bar at the bottom, indicating the start or end of a session. + +Sequence diagram showing successful handover resource allocation between eNB and MME. + +**Figure10: Handover resource allocation: successful** + +![Sequence diagram for successful RRC connection reconfiguration between UE and EUTRAN.](e180f2b5fcbe8001554a7c0677cd3f82_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant EUTRAN + Note left of UE: + Note right of EUTRAN: + EUTRAN->>UE: RRCConnectionReconfiguration + UE-->>EUTRAN: RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete +``` + +This sequence diagram illustrates a successful RRC connection reconfiguration. It features two lifelines: UE (User Equipment) on the left and EUTRAN on the right. The process begins with EUTRAN sending an 'RRCConnectionReconfiguration' message to the UE. The UE then responds with an 'RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete' message, completing the reconfiguration successfully. Both lifelines have a small black bar at the bottom indicating active periods. + +Sequence diagram for successful RRC connection reconfiguration between UE and EUTRAN. + +Figure11: RRC connection reconfiguration, successful + +![Sequence diagram for failed RRC connection reconfiguration between UE and EUTRAN.](7d3d5fb5d09c0cd35a9d637be241651e_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant EUTRAN + Note left of UE: + Note right of EUTRAN: + EUTRAN->>UE: RRCConnectionReconfiguration + UE-->>EUTRAN: RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest +``` + +This sequence diagram illustrates a failed RRC connection reconfiguration. The UE and EUTRAN lifelines are shown. EUTRAN sends an 'RRCConnectionReconfiguration' message to the UE. Instead of a completion message, the UE responds with an 'RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest', indicating that the reconfiguration failed and a connection reestablishment is needed. Both lifelines have a small black bar at the bottom. + +Sequence diagram for failed RRC connection reconfiguration between UE and EUTRAN. + +Figure12: RRC connection reconfiguration, failure + +![Sequence diagram for successful mobility from E-UTRA between UE and EUTRAN.](90ddf538ef276510e2b631f7b96654e6_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant EUTRAN + Note left of UE: + Note right of EUTRAN: + EUTRAN->>UE: MobilityFromEUTRACommand +``` + +This sequence diagram illustrates a successful mobility from E-UTRA. The UE and EUTRAN lifelines are shown. EUTRAN sends a 'MobilityFromEUTRACommand' message to the UE. The diagram ends after this command is received, implying a successful transition. Both lifelines have a small black bar at the bottom. + +Sequence diagram for successful mobility from E-UTRA between UE and EUTRAN. + +Figure13: Mobility from E-UTRA, successful + +![Sequence diagram for failed mobility from E-UTRA between UE and EUTRAN.](627c5195eaae3bc7e34cbc4dbdb6f9a8_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant EUTRAN + Note left of UE: + Note right of EUTRAN: + EUTRAN->>UE: MobilityFromEUTRACommand + UE-->>EUTRAN: RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest +``` + +This sequence diagram illustrates a failed mobility from E-UTRA. The UE and EUTRAN lifelines are shown. EUTRAN sends a 'MobilityFromEUTRACommand' message to the UE. Following this, the UE sends an 'RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest', indicating that the mobility procedure failed. Both lifelines have a small black bar at the bottom. + +Sequence diagram for failed mobility from E-UTRA between UE and EUTRAN. + +Figure14: Mobility from E-UTRA, failure + +![Sequence diagram of the UE Context Release procedure. It shows two vertical lifelines: eNB on the left and MME on the right. A horizontal arrow labeled 'UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND' points from the MME to the eNB. A horizontal arrow labeled 'UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMPLETE' points from the eNB to the MME. Both lifelines end with a thick horizontal bar at the bottom.](eb03559a4d92ea9ebd63ea9be663c50a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MME + participant eNB + Note right of MME: UE Context Release procedure. Successful + MME->>eNB: UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND + eNB-->>MME: UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMPLETE + +``` + +Sequence diagram of the UE Context Release procedure. It shows two vertical lifelines: eNB on the left and MME on the right. A horizontal arrow labeled 'UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND' points from the MME to the eNB. A horizontal arrow labeled 'UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMPLETE' points from the eNB to the MME. Both lifelines end with a thick horizontal bar at the bottom. + +Figure15: UE Context Release procedure. Successful + +#### 4.2.4.2 eNB related Handovers + +##### 4.2.4.2.1 Attempted outgoing handover to eNB per handover cause + +- This measurement provides the number of attempted outbound handover to eNB per handover cause. +- CC. +- Transmission of the *RRConnectionReconfiguration* message from HeNB to the UE, indicating the handover to eNB (see TS 36.331 [7]). The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of handover to eNB events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- HO. ToeNBAtt.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. +- HeNB +- Valid for packet switched traffic +- EPS + +##### 4.2.4.2.2 Successful outgoing handover to eNB per handover cause + +- This measurement provides the number of successful outbound handover to eNB per handover cause. +- CC. +- Receipt of a S1AP message *UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND* sent from the MME to the HeNB, indicating a successful handover to eNB with specific cause (see TS 36.413 [6]). The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing intra-eNB handover events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix +- HO. ToeNBSucc.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. +- HeNB +- Valid for packet switched traffic +- EPS + +##### 4.2.4.2.3 Failed outgoing handover to eNB per handover cause + +- This measurement provides the number of failed outbound handover to eNB per handover cause. + +- b) CC +- c) Transmission of the *RRConnectionReestablishmentRequest* message by the UE to the HeNB, indicating the RRC connection reestablishment(see TS 36.331 [7]).The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of handover from eNB events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix +- e) HO. ToeNBFail.*Cause* +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.4.2.4 Attempted incoming handover from eNB per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted inbound handover from eNB per handover cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a SIAP message *HANDOVER REQUEST* sent from the MME to the HeNB (see TS 36.413 [6]). The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of handover from eNB events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO. FromeNBAtt.*Cause* +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.4.2.5 Successful incoming handover from eNB per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful inbound handover from eNB per handover cause. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a *RRConnectionReconfigurationComplete* message sent from theUE to the HeNB, indicating a successful handover from eNB with specific cause (see TS 36.331 [7]).The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of handover from eNB events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix +- e) HO. FromeNBSucc.*Cause* +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.4.2.6 Failed incoming handover from eNB per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed inbound handover from eNB per handover cause. + +- b) CC +- c) Transmission of the *RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest* message by the UE to the eNB, indicating the RRC connection reestablishment(see TS 36.331 [7]).The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of handover from eNB events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix +- e) HO. FromeNBfail.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.4.3 Inter-RAT Handovers + +##### 4.2.4.3.1 Attempted outgoing handovers to UTRAN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing handovers to UTRAN per cause and target cell specific. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *MobilityFromEUTRACommand* message from the HeNB to the UE indicating the attempt of an outgoing handover from HeNS to UTRAN with a specific cause (see TS 36.331 [7]). The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing handover to UTRAN events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.ToUtranAtt.Cause +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.4.3.2 Successful outgoing handovers to UTRAN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing handovers to UTRAN per cause target cell specific. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a SIAP message UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND sent from the MME to the HeNB, indicating a successful handover initiated due to a specific cause (see TS 36.413 [6]).The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing handover to UTRAN events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the .sum suffix. +- e) HO.ToUtranSucc.Cause +where *Cause* indicating the cause for handover. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic + +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.4.3.3 Failed outgoing handovers to UTRAN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed outgoing handovers to UTRAN per cause target cell specific. +- b) CC +- c) Transmission of the *RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest* message by the UE to the HeNB, indicating the RRC connection reestablishment(see TS 36.331 [7]). The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing handover to UTRAN events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) HO.ToUtranFail.*Cause* +where *Cause* indicating the cause for handover. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.4.3.4 Attempted outgoing handovers to GERAN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of attempted outgoing handovers to GERAN per cause and target cell specific. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *MobilityFromEUTRACommand* message from the HeNB to the UE indicating the attempt of an outgoing handover from HeNS to GERAN with a specific cause (see TS 36.331 [7]). The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing handover to GERAN events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) HO.ToGeranAtt.*Cause* +where *Cause* identifies the cause for handover +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.4.3.5 Successful outgoing handovers to GERAN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of successful outgoing handovers to GERAN per cause target cell specific. +- b) CC. +- c) Receipt of a S1AP message UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND sent from the MME to the HeNB, indicating a successful handover initiated due to a specific cause (see TS 36.413 [6]).The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing handover to GERAN events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) HO.ToGeranSucc.*Cause* +where *Cause* indicating the cause for handover. + +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +##### 4.2.4.3.6 Failed outgoing handovers to GERAN per handover cause + +- a) This measurement provides the number of failed outgoing handovers to GERAN per cause target cell specific. +- b) CC. +- c) Transmission of the *RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest* message by the UE to the HeNB, indicating the RRC connection reestablishment(see TS 36.331 [7]). The sum of all supported per cause measurements shall equal the total number of outgoing handover to UTRAN events. In case only a subset of per cause measurements is supported, a sum subcounter will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value. The number of measurements is equal to the number of causes supported plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) HO.ToGeranFail.Cause +where *Cause* indicating the cause for handover. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.2.5 Measurements related to PDCP SDU bit-rate + +#### 4.2.5.1 Average DL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate + +- a) This measurement provides the average cell bit-rate of PDCP SDUs on the downlink. This represents the ingress rate of user plane traffic to the HeNB (via S1). The measurement is split into subcounters per SAE Bearer QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the Scheduled IP Throughput definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [8]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the bit-rate measured in kb/s. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduBitrateDL.QCI +where *QCI* identifies the SAE Bearer level quality of service class. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.5.2 Average UL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate + +- a) This measurement provides the average cell bit-rate of PDCP SDUs on the uplink. This represents successful transmissions of user plane traffic; control signalling and retransmissions are excluded from this measure. The measurement is split into subcounters per SAE Bearer QoS level (QCI). +- b) CC +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the Scheduled IP Throughput definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [8]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the bit-rate measured in kb/s. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. + +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduBitrateUI.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the SAE Bearer level quality of service class. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.5.3 Maximum DL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum cell bit-rate of PDCP SDUs on the downlink. This represents the maximum ingress rate of user plane traffic to the HeNB (via S1). This is a sum counter measured across all QCIs. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the Scheduled IP Throughput definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [8]. +- d) A single integer value representing the maximum bit-rate measured in kb/s. +- e) DRB.PdcpSduBitrateDlMax +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.5.4 Maximum UL cell PDCP SDU bit-rate + +- a) This measurement provides the maximum cell bit-rate of PDCP SDUs measured on the uplink. This represents successful transmissions of user plane traffic; control signalling and retransmissions are excluded from this measure. This is a sum counter measured across all QCIs. +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the scheduled IP throughput definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [8]. +- d) A single integer value representing the maximum bit-rate measured in kb/s. +- e) DRB.PdcpSduBitrateUIMax +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.2.6 Measurements related to Packet Delay and Drop Rate + +#### 4.2.6.1 Average DL PDCP SDU delay + +- a) This measurement provides the average (arithmetic mean) PDCP SDU delay on the downlink. The measurement is split into subcounters per ERAB Bearer QoS level (QCI). +- b) DER (n=1) +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [8]. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the mean delay in ms. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduDelayDl.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the ERAB Bearer level quality of service class. +- f) HeNB + +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.6.2 DL PDCP SDU drop rate + +- a) This measurement provides the fraction of IP packets (PDCP SDUs) which are dropped on the downlink. Only user-plane traffic (DTCH) is considered. A dropped packet is one whose context is removed from the HeNB without any part of it having been transmitted on the air interface. Packets discarded during handover are excluded from the count. The measurement is split into subcounters per ERAB Bearer QoS level (QCI). +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [8]. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a drop rate subcounter calculated across all QCIs will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the drop rate multiplied by 1E6. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduDropRateDl.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the target ERAB Bearer level quality of service class. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +### 4.2.7 Measurements related to Packet Loss Rate + +#### 4.2.7.1 DL PDCP SDU air interface loss rate + +- a) This measurement provides the fraction of IP packets (PDCP SDUs) which are lost (not successfully transmitted) on the downlink air interface. Only user-plane traffic (DTCH) is considered. A lost packet is one whose context is removed from the HeNB after an attempt has been made to transmit part or all of the packet on the air interface but the whole packet has not been successfully transmitted. The measurement is split into subcounters per ERAB Bearer QoS level (QCI). +- b) SI +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [8]. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a loss rate subcounter calculated across all QCIs will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the air interface loss rate multiplied by 1E6. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduAirLossRateDl.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the target ERAB Bearer level quality of service class. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +#### 4.2.7.2 UL PDCP SDU loss rate + +- a) This measurement provides the fraction of IP packets (PDCP SDUs) which are lost (not successfully received) on the uplink. Only user-plane traffic (DTCH) and only PDCP SDUs that have entered PDCP (and given a PDCP sequence number) are considered. The measurement is split into subcounters per ERAB Bearer QoS level (QCI). +- b) SI + +- c) This measurement is obtained according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36.314 [8]. Separate counters are maintained for each QCI. In case only a subset of per QCI measurements is supported, a loss rate subcounter calculated across all QCIs will be provided first. +- d) Each measurement is an integer value representing the loss rate multiplied by 1E6. The number of measurements is equal to the number of QCIs plus a possible sum value identified by the *.sum* suffix. +- e) The measurement name has the form DRB.PdcpSduLossRateUl.*QCI* where *QCI* identifies the target ERAB Bearer level quality of service class. +- f) HeNB +- g) Valid for packet switched traffic +- h) EPS + +# --- Annex A: Use cases for performance measurements definition + +## A.1 Use case of the SCTP signalling measurements + +In order to avoid the overload of HeNB-GW, SCTP signaling measurements data will be combined with HeNB-GW user plane measurement data to reflect load status on HeNB-GW. When HeNB GW is present in HeNS, it is fairly a straightforward way to collect such performance data from HeNB GW. Especially, operators deploy a dedicated HeNS management system. + +In addition, the ratio of signaling to data bandwidth usage is very useful to monitor some abnormal events, such as if the ratio of them is too high, some unusual events are possible happened. Therefore, the operator could analyze whether some problems exist in the network or not, and may find out root-causes leaded to the bad conditions, finally resolve the problems. + +## --- A.2 Use case of HeNB-GW user plane measurements + +HeNB-GW user plane related measurements are used to measure data volume on S1 interface including incoming and outgoing of data packets and octets for GTP-U. When HeNB GW is present in HeNS, it is fairly a straightforward way to collect such performance data from HeNB GW. Especially, operators deploy a dedicated HeNS management system. + +Based on that, the measurements are useful to analyze data volumes and velocity from HeNB-GW point-of-view. If the data volume is too high, more interface bandwidth should be deployed, or HeNB-GW load balance should be considered. If data velocity is too high, the packet forwarding capacity of HeNB-GW should be enhanced to avoid data congestion. + +In addition, HeNB-GW user plane related measurements could be together with other performance measurements to analyze network performance to find out the abnormal events. + +## --- A.3 CSG service related performance + +A Closed Subscriber Group identifies subscribers of an operator who are permitted to access one or more PLMN cells which have restricted access. It is a new added feature in HeNB to facilitate the provisioning of new service. The collection of CSG related performance on HeNB level could clearly reflects the status of delivered service for each subscriber. In addition to this, HeNB is an exclusive signalling terminator on the HeNS side when HeNB GW is absent. Therefore, it is necessary to capture the CSG performance data on HeNB level. + +By calculating these parameters relating to CSG service, the operator can obtain the mean number of CSG UEs and the successful rate of inbound mobility for UEs. The mean number of CSG UEs indicates how many users accessing the CSG service, which is a key performance for service utilization. The successful rate of inbound mobility for UEs performs a key indicator of CSG service accessibility. As low handover success rate will impact user experience, it is important to define measurements to capture handover success rate. Furthermore, detailed analysis of handover failures is essential to know what causes the handovers. + +Based on these indicators, the operator can optimize the service coverage and enhance the user experience. + +## --- A.4 RRC related performance + +RRC relevant performance parameters are essential to evaluate the radio link quality. Especially, a HeNB is a kind of CPE. Depending on HeNB trial experience, there might be serious interference happened between HeNB cell and Macro Cell. The collection of RRC performance on each HeNB could directly to indicate radio link quality. The collection of RRC performance is also helpful for operator to locate the root causes if there is service faults are occurred. + +Based on that, these measurements are useful for drawing connection rate and drop rate of HeNB system. Both rates reflect connectivity and continuity for system services, and also direct key performance indicators of user experience. By analysing these indicators, the operator can keep track of the network as well as enhance user experience. + +## --- A.5 E-RAB related performance + +E-RAB management procedure includes E-RAB Setup procedure and E-RAB Release Request procedure. The purpose of the E-RAB Setup procedure is to assign resources on Uu and S1 for one or several E-RABs and to setup corresponding Data Radio Bearers for a given UE. Based on the E-RAB level QoS parameters IE the HeNB shall establish a Data Radio Bearer and allocate the required resources on Uu. If E-RABs are failed to be established, the involved services may fail. Therefore, the collection on per E-RAB QCI will give operators important indications whether a particular service type is running well or not. Especially, operators deliver some new feature services to customers. + +During daily maintenance of network, measurements regarding E-RAB establishment and release are useful for operators to evaluate E-RAB management procedures, to analyze failure reasons of E-RAB establishment and to analyze the causes of E-RAB release. In addition, the E-RAB performance data on per QCI could give operators possibilities to assess the quality of specific service. + +Based on that, these measurements are useful for drawing connection rate and drop rate of HeNB system. Both rates reflect connectivity and continuity for system services, and also direct key performance indicators of user experience. By analysing these indicators, the operator can keep track of the network as well as enhance user experience. + +## --- A.6 Handover related performance + +In [telecommunications](#), the term handover refers to the process of transferring an ongoing call or data session from one channel connected to the [core network](#) to another, which can be categorized according to RATs. + +During daily maintenance of network, it is essential in network operations to follow the success rate of various handover. Low handover success rate will impact user experience, therefore it is important to define measurements to follow handover success rate. + +By calculating these parameters, we can obtain the success rate of handovers for UEs, both eNBs and inter-RAT related. All these parameters are direct key indicators of service connectivity and also useful for operators to evaluate handover procedures and analyze failure reasons. To go for further analysis of handover failures, it is also essential to know what causes the handovers. By analysing these indicators, the operator can inspect the network as well as enhance user experience. + +## --- A.7 Radio bearer QoS related performance + +A fundamental measure of QoS is the throughput (data rate) of the cell. The total cell throughput measured across all radio bearers gives an indication of the loading and activity in the cell. Adding a per QCI counter allows the loading on the different QCIs to be measured. For example, if QCI 1 is used exclusively for VoIP then the loading of conversational speech can be directly determined. The maximum throughput can indicate to the operator whether there is enough capacity in the network. Separate counters should be configured on the downlink and uplink. The PDCP SDU bit-rate helps to evaluate the usage of bandwidth and radio resource. Operators could perform network optimization based on the throughput statistics. Hence it is important to monitor the total cell throughput. + +## --- A.8 Packet delay, drop rate and loss rate related performance + +Latency is of prime concern for some services, particularly conversational services like speech and instant messaging. A counter is added to measure the mean delay for IP packets incurred within the HeNB. Separate counters are provided per QCI which are particularly useful when the QCI is used by very few services and the packet sizes vary little. It is only practical to measure packet delays on the downlink. + +When a cell is heavily loaded congestion can take place. When congestion is not severe the impact is typically the incurrence of additional delay for non-GBR radio bearers. However, when congestion is severe the HeNB may be forced to discard packets. It is important for the operator to have visibility of packet discard so that corrective action can be instigated (for example, by adjusting admission control settings in the network). It is only practical to measure packet discards on the downlink. Packet discards on handover should not be included in the count. + +The downlink air interface packet loss can be directly compared with the PELR value of a QCI to see if the packet loss (over the air interface) aspect of quality of service is being met within the cell. On the downlink this measurement can be added to the congestion losses (see DL packet drop rate) to determine the total packet loss rate at the HeNB. Consequently, the downlink useful bit-rate can be estimated by scaling the measurement of the downlink PDCP ingress bit-rate by $(1 - \text{DL packet drop rate}) (1 - \text{air interface packet loss rate})$ . + +The uplink air interface packet loss rate (per QCI) can be compared directly with the PELR defined for that QCI. An estimate of the uplink air interface packet loss may be provided by the “Uplink PDCP SDU loss rate”. This uplink measurement is based on PDCP sequence numbers and cannot precisely measure the air interface losses. Any packets discarded by the UE within the protocol stack (i.e. at layer 2) are also counted since they will have been given a PDCP sequence number. Discards at layer 3 are not counted. + +# Annex B: Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110115 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information and Approval | -- | 1.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2011-09 | SP-53 | SP-110634 | 001 | 2 | Addition of measurements related to Direct User Plane Path between HeNB and LGW | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32454/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32454/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3aec31b20ec31c1127642b006158c00292781216 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32454/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,378 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 4 KPI definitions template ..... | 5 | +| 5 IMS KPI definitions ..... | 6 | +| 5.1 Accessibility KPI..... | 6 | +| 5.1.1 Initial Registration Success Rate of S-CSCF ..... | 6 | +| 5.1.2 Session Setup Time (Mean)..... | 6 | +| 5.1.3 Session Establishment Success Rate ..... | 6 | +| 5.1.4 Third Party Registration Success Rate ..... | 7 | +| 5.1.5 Re-registration Success Rate of S-CSCF ..... | 7 | +| 5.1.6 Session Setup Time Originated from IMS (Mean)..... | 8 | +| 5.1.7 Session Setup Time Originated from CS (Mean)..... | 8 | +| 5.1.8 Immediate Messaging Success Rate..... | 8 | +| 5.1.9 Session Establishment Network Success Rate ..... | 9 | +| 5.2 Retainability KPI..... | 10 | +| 5.2.1 Call Drop Rate of IMS Sessions..... | 10 | +| 5.3 Utilization KPI ..... | 10 | +| 5.3.1 Mean Session Utilization..... | 10 | +| Annex A (informative): Use case for KPIs..... | 12 | +| A.1 Use case for initial registration success rate of S-CSCF related KPI..... | 12 | +| A.2 Use case for session setup time (mean) related KPI ..... | 12 | +| A.3 Use case for session establishment success rate related KPI..... | 12 | +| A.4 Use case for third party registration success rate related KPI..... | 12 | +| A.5 Use case for re-registration success rate of S-CSCF related KPI ..... | 12 | +| A.6 Use case for call drop rate of IMS sessions related KPI..... | 12 | +| A.7 Use case for session set-up time originated from CS and IMS related KPI..... | 13 | +| A.8 Use case for mean session utilization related KPI ..... | 13 | +| A.9 Use case for immediate messaging success rate related KPI..... | 13 | +| A.10 Use case of the session establishment network success rate related KPI ..... | 13 | +| Annex B (informative): Change history..... | 14 | + +# Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.409: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements - IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.410: "Telecommunication management; Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for UMTS and GSM". + +# --- 3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TS 21.905 [1] and the following apply. + +| | | +|-----|---------------------------| +| IMS | IP Multimedia Subsystem | +| KPI | Key Performance Indicator | + +# --- 4 KPI definitions template + +KPI definitions template refers to 3GPP TS 32.410 [3]. + +# 5 IMS KPI definitions + +## 5.1 Accessibility KPI + +### 5.1.1 Initial Registration Success Rate of S-CSCF + +- a) Initial registration success rate of S-CSCF +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed initial registration procedures of S-CSCF to the number of attempted initial registration procedures of S-CSCF for IMS network and is used to evaluate accessibility performance provided by IMS and network performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by successful initial registration procedures of S-CSCF divided by attempted initial registration procedures of S-CSCF. + +$$\text{IRSR} = \frac{\sum_{s-cscf} \text{UR.SuccInitReg}}{\sum_{s-cscf} \text{UR.AttInitReg}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) UR.AttInitReg +UR.SuccInitReg +(See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]) +- f) IMS +- g) Accessibility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +### 5.1.2 Session Setup Time (Mean) + +- a) Session setup time (Mean) +- b) This KPI provides the mean setup time of the sessions. +- c) This KPI is obtained by performance measurement: successful session establishment time (Mean). +- d) SSTOI= SC.SessionEstabTimeMean.MediaName +- e) SC.SessionEstabTimeMean.MediaName (See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]). +- f) IMS +- g) Accessibility +- h) milliseconds +- i) MEAN + +### 5.1.3 Session Establishment Success Rate + +- a) Session Establishment Success Rate +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successful originating session establishment to the number of attempted originating session establishment and the ratio of the number of successful terminating session establishment to the number of attempted terminating session establishment for IMS network and is used to evaluate accessibility performance provided by IMS and network performance. +If it is calculated by I-CSCF, it includes the successful rate of terminating session establishment of the own subscribers and the outbound roamers. +If it is calculated by P-CSCF, it includes the successful rate of terminating session establishment of the own subscribers and the inbound roamers. + +- c) This KPI is obtained by the number of successful session establishments divided by the number of attempted session establishments for originating side and terminating side respectively for IMS. + +$$\text{SESR\_Orig} = \frac{\sum_{\text{Type}} \text{SC.SuccSessionOrig.type}}{\text{SC.AttSessionOrig}}$$ + +d) + +$$\text{SESR\_Term} = \frac{\sum_{\text{Type}} \text{SC.SuccSessionTerm.type}}{\text{SC.AttSessionTerm}}$$ + +- e) SC.AttSessionOrig + SC.SuccSessionOrig.type type: SIP\_180, SIP\_200\_OK. + SC.AttSessionTerm + SC.SuccSessionTerm.type type: SIP\_180, SIP\_200\_OK. + (See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]) + +- f) IMS + g) Accessibility + h) Percentage + i) RATIO + +### 5.1.4 Third Party Registration Success Rate + +- a) Third party registration success rate + b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed third party registration procedures to the number of attempted third party registration procedures for IMS network and is used to evaluate accessibility performance provided by IMS and network performance. + c) This KPI is obtained by successful third party registration procedures divided by attempted third party registration procedures. + +$$\text{TPRSR} = \frac{\sum_{s-csef} \text{UR.Succ3rdPartyReg}}{\sum_{s-csef} \text{UR.Att3rdPartyReg}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) UR.Att3rdPartyReg + UR.Succ3rdPartyReg (See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]) +- f) IMS + g) Accessibility + h) Percentage + i) RATIO + +### 5.1.5 Re-registration Success Rate of S-CSCF + +- a) Re-registration success rate of S-CSCF + b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed re-registration procedures of S-CSCF to the number of attempted re-registration procedures of S-CSCF for IMS network and is used to evaluate accessibility performance provided by IMS and network performance. + c) This KPI is obtained by successful re-registration procedures of S-CSCF divided by attempted re-registration procedures of S-CSCF. + +$$\text{RRSR} = \frac{\sum_{s-csf} \text{UR.SuccReReg}}{\sum_{s-csf} \text{UR.AttReReg}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) UR.AttReReg +UR.SuccReReg (See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]) +- f) IMS +- g) Accessibility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +### 5.1.6 Session Setup Time Originated from IMS (Mean) + +- a) Session setup time originated from IMS (Mean) +- b) This KPI provides the mean setup time of the successful IM CN subsystem originated calls. +- c) This KPI is obtained by performance measurement: call set-up time (mean), IM CN originated +- d) MSSTOI= CC.SetupTimeImOrigMean. +- e) CC.SetupTimeImOrigMean (See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]). +- f) IMS +- g) Accessibility +- h) Millisecond +- i) MEAN + +### 5.1.7 Session Setup Time Originated from CS (Mean) + +- a) Session setup time originated from CS (Mean) +- b) This KPI provides the mean setup time of the successful CS network originated calls. +- c) This KPI is obtained by performance measurement: call set-up time (Mean), CS network originated +- d) MSSTOC= CC.SetupTimeCsOrigMean. +- e) CC.SetupTimeCsOrigMean. (See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]). +- f) IMS +- g) Accessibility +- h) Millisecond +- i) MEAN + +### 5.1.8 Immediate Messaging Success Rate + +- a) Immediate messaging success rate +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successful immediate messaging procedures to the number of attempted immediate messaging procedures for IMS network and is used to evaluate accessibility performance provided by IMS and network performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by the number of successful immediate messaging procedures divided by the number of attempted immediate messaging procedures. + +$$\text{d) IMSR} = \frac{\text{SC.SuccImMsg}}{\text{SC.AttImMsg}} \times 100\%$$ + +e) SC.AttImMsg +SC.SuccImMsg +(See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]) + +f) IMS + +g) Accessibility + +h) Percentage + +i) RATIO + +### 5.1.9 Session Establishment Network Success Rate + +a) Session Establishment Network Success Rate + +b) This KPI describes the ratio of the sum of number of successful session establishment and the number of failed session establishment due to user's behaviour factors to the number of attempted session establishment distinguished by originating side and terminating side for IMS network and is used to evaluate accessibility performance provided by IMS network. + +If it is calculated by I-CSCF, it includes the successful rate of terminating session establishment of the own subscribers and the outbound roamers. + +If it is calculated by P-CSCF, it includes the successful rate of terminating session establishment of the own subscribers and the inbound roamers. + +c) This KPI is obtained by the sum of the number of successful session establishments and the number of failed session establishment due to user behaviour factors divided by the number of attempted session establishments for originating side and terminating side respectively for IMS. + +d) + +SENSR\_Orig = + +$$\frac{\text{SC.SuccSessionOrig.sum} + \text{SC.RelBeforeRingOrig} + \text{SC.FailSessionOrig.486} + \text{SC.FailSessionOrig.600} + \text{SC.FailSessionOrig.404} + \text{SC.FailSessionOrig.484}}{\text{SC.AttSessionOrig}}$$ + +SENSR\_Term = + +$$\frac{\text{SC.SuccSessionTerm.sum} + \text{SC.RelBeforeRingTerm} + \text{SC.FailSessionTerm.486} + \text{SC.FailSessionTerm.600} + \text{SC.FailSessionTerm.404} + \text{SC.FailSessionTerm.484}}{\text{SC.AttSessionTerm}}$$ + +e) SC.AttSessionOrig + +SC.SuccSessionOrig.sum + +SC.RelBeforeRingOrig + +SC.FailSessionOrig.486 + +SC.FailSessionOrig.600 + +SC.FailSessionOrig.404 + +SC.FailSessionOrig.484 + +SC.AttSessionTerm + +SC.SuccSessionTerm.sum + +SC.RelBeforeRingTerm + +SC.FailSessionTerm.486 + +SC.FailSessionTerm.600 + +SC.FailSessionTerm.404 + +SC.FailSessionTerm.484 + +(See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]) + +- f) IMS +- g) Accessibility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +## 5.2 Retainability KPI + +### 5.2.1 Call Drop Rate of IMS Sessions + +- a) Call drop rate of IMS sessions +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of number of dropped sessions to the number of successful session establishments and is used to evaluate retainability for IMS. +- c) This KPI is obtained by the number of dropped sessions divided by the number of successful session establishments. + +$$\text{SEDR} = \frac{\text{SC.DroppedSession}}{\sum_{\text{type}} \text{SC.SuccSession.type}}$$ + +- d) +- e) SC.DroppedSession +SC.SuccSession.type type: SIP\_180, SIP\_200\_OK. +(See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]) +- f) IMS +- g) Retainability +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +## 5.3 Utilization KPI + +### 5.3.1 Mean Session Utilization + +- a) Mean simultaneous online and answered sessions utilization +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the mean number of simultaneous online and answered sessions to the maximum number of sessions provided by IMS network, and it is used to evaluate utilization performance of IMS network. +- c) This KPI is obtained by the mean number of simultaneous online and answered sessions divided by the system capacity. + +$$\text{MSU} = \frac{\text{SC.NbrSimulAnsSessionMean}}{\text{Capacity}} \times 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) SC.NbrSimulAnsSessionMean (See in 3GPP TS 32.409 [2]) +Capacity indicates maximum number of sessions provided by IMS node. + +Editor notes: Capacity definition is FFS. + +- f) IMS + +- g) Utilization +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +# Annex A (informative): Use case for KPIs + +## A.1 Use case for initial registration success rate of S-CSCF related KPI + +It is useful to evaluate accessibility performance provided by IMS and network performance. This KPI is helpful to learn the user registration status. This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## A.2 Use case for session setup time (mean) related KPI + +It is necessary to evaluate accessibility performance provided by IMS and network performance. This KPI can influence the users' satisfaction directly and reflect network transaction performance. This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## A.3 Use case for session establishment success rate related KPI + +It is necessary to evaluate the session establishment performance provided by IMS including user behaviour factors. This KPI is focusing on network and user view. It is necessary to define session establishment success rate (SESR) with differentiating originating and terminating, otherwise when the operator wants to consider SESR from whole IMS network perspective, the value of SESR will be much bigger than real situation due to one success session being counted twice (both at originating side and terminating side). + +## A.4 Use case for third party registration success rate related KPI + +It is useful to evaluate accessibility performance provided by IMS and network performance. Third Party Registration is the process of S-CSCF to inform the Application Server (AS) about the user's registration status and it is a necessary procedure to perform services involving AS. This KPI (Third Party Registration Success Rate) is defined to fulfil the need of the operator to evaluate the service and network accessibility performance. This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## A.5 Use case for re-registration success rate of S-CSCF related KPI + +Periodic application level re-registration is initiated by the UE either to refresh an existing registration or in response to a change in the registration status of the UE. A re-registration procedure can also be initiated when the capabilities of the UE have changed or the IP CAN has changed [3GPP TS 23.228]. This KPI is useful for evaluate accessibility of the IMS network, including the user behaviour factors. This KPI is helpful to learn the user's re-registration status. This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## A.6 Use case for call drop rate of IMS sessions related KPI + +It is necessary to evaluate retainability performance of IMS including user causes, as well as IMS reliability and stability should be reflected. This KPI is focusing on network view. + +## A.7 Use case for session set-up time originated from CS and IMS related KPI + +When IMS operator provides transit functionality to other network operators, in this case the operator is serving as an IMS session based routing backbone for a PSTN operator or another IP network and provides connectivity to both PSTN and IP endpoints. So it is necessary to define session set-up time originated from CS and IMS KPI to indicate accessibility performance of IMS network for other networks, also it is useful for other network operators to do trouble shooting. + +This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## A.8 Use case for mean session utilization related KPI + +The mean number of simultaneous online and answered sessions together with maximum number of sessions provided by IMS network can reflect system resource utilization. If the value of this KPI is very high, it indicates system capacity is not enough, and needs to be increased. + +This KPI is focusing on network view. + +## A.9 Use case for immediate messaging success rate related KPI + +With Immediate messaging the sender expects immediate message delivery in what is perceived as real time. Immediate messaging allows the exchange of any type of multimedia content, now the immediate messaging services are widely used both in the wired and wireless environment. If the immediate messaging success rate is very low, it will impact on the satisfactory of user and service providers. So it is necessary to evaluate immediate messaging success rate performance provided by IMS. + +This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## --- A.10 Use case of the session establishment network success rate related KPI + +Sometimes unsuccessful session establishment is caused by user's own behaviour which has nothing to do with network performance. Therefore the user behaviour factors should be excluded to evaluate the real network session establishment success rate. This KPI is focusing on network view different from the KPI, session establishment success rate. Therefore the measurements on the number of release before ringing, UE not found, UE address incomplete and UE busy should be excluded from the failed measurements. This KPI is helpful to evaluate the real network session establishment success rate. + +# Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100765 | | | Submitted to SA#50 for Information | 0.4.1 | 1.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110116 | -- | -- | Submitted to SA#51 for Approval | 1.2.0 | 2.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 2.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SP-54 | SP-110714 | 001 | 2 | Add the session establishment network success rate related KPI | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32455/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32455/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cdffe33ccf3ee0a2e7dc2e3089ef39181cfc24b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32455/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,350 @@ + + + + +Error! No +text of + +Error! No text of specified style in +document. + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 4 KPI definitions template ..... | 5 | +| 5 EPC KPI definitions..... | 6 | +| 5.1 Accessibility KPI..... | 6 | +| 5.1.1 EPS Attach Success Rate..... | 6 | +| 5.1.2 Dedicated EPS Bearer Creation Success Rate..... | 6 | +| 5.1.3 Dedicated Bearer Set-up Time by MME (Mean)..... | 7 | +| 5.1.4 Service Request Success Rate ..... | 7 | +| 5.2 Mobility KPI ..... | 8 | +| 5.2.1 Inter-RAT Outgoing Handover Success Rate (EPS->GSM)..... | 8 | +| 5.2.2 Inter-RAT Outgoing Handover Success Rate (EPS->UMTS)..... | 8 | +| 5.2.3 Inter-RAT Outgoing Handover Success Rate (EPS->CDMA2000) ..... | 9 | +| 5.2.4 Inter-RAT Incoming Handover Success Rate (GSM->EPS) ..... | 9 | +| 5.2.5 Inter-RAT Incoming Handover Success Rate (UMTS ->EPS)..... | 10 | +| 5.2.6 Inter-RAT Incoming Handover Success Rate (CDMA2000->EPS) ..... | 10 | +| 5.2.7 Tracking Area Update Success Rate ..... | 11 | +| 5.3 Utilization KPI ..... | 12 | +| 5.3.1 Mean Active Dedicated EPS Bearer Utilization..... | 12 | +| Annex A (informative): Use case for KPIs..... | 13 | +| A.1 Use case for EPS attach success rate related KPI ..... | 13 | +| A.2 Use case for inter-RAT handover related KPIs..... | 13 | +| A.3 Use case for mean active dedicated EPS bearer utilization related KPI ..... | 13 | +| A.4 Use case for dedicated EPS bearer creation success rate related KPI..... | 13 | +| A.5 Use case for mean dedicated bearer set-up time by MME related KPI ..... | 13 | +| A.6 Use case for service request success rate related KPI..... | 13 | +| A.7 Use case for tracking area update success rate related KPI ..... | 14 | +| Annex B (informative): Change history..... | 15 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for the EPC. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.426: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.410: "Telecommunication management; Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for UMTS and GSM". + +# --- 3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +- | | | +|-----|-----------------------------| +| EPC | Evolved Packet Core network | +|-----|-----------------------------| + +# --- 4 KPI definitions template + +KPI definitions template refers to 3GPP TS 32.410 [3]. + +# 5 EPC KPI definitions + +## 5.1 Accessibility KPI + +### 5.1.1 EPS Attach Success Rate + +- a) EPS attach success rate +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed EPS attach procedures to the number of attempted EPS attach procedures for EPC network and is used to evaluate accessibility provided by EPS and network performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by successful EPS attach procedures divided by attempted EPS attach procedures. + +$$\text{EASR} = \frac{\sum_{\text{Type}} \text{MM.EpsAttachSucc.Type}}{\sum_{\text{Type}} \text{MM.EpsAttachAtt.Type}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) $\text{MM.EpsAttachAtt.Type}$ + $\text{MM.EpsAttachSucc.Type}$ +Note: above measurements with subcounter .Type should be defined in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]. +- f) EPC +- g) Accessibility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +### 5.1.2 Dedicated EPS Bearer Creation Success Rate + +- a) Dedicated EPS bearer creation success rate. +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed dedicated EPS bearer creation procedures by PGW to the number of attempted dedicated EPS bearer creation procedures by PGW and is used to evaluate service availability provided by EPS and network performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by successful dedicated EPS bearer creation procedures divided by attempted dedicated EPS bearer creation procedures. + +$$\text{DEBCSR} = \frac{\text{SM.CreationPGWIniBearerSucc}}{\text{SM.CreationPGWIniBearerAtt}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) $\text{SM.CreationPGWInitBearerAtt}$ + $\text{SM.CreationPGWInitBearerSucc}$ +(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]) +- f) EPC +- g) Accessibility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +### 5.1.3 Dedicated Bearer Set-up Time by MME (Mean) + +- a) Mean dedicated bearer set-up time by MME +- b) This KPI describes the valid time per dedicated bearer set-up procedure by MME and is used to evaluate service accessibility provided by EPS and network performance. + +- c) This KPI is obtained by the valid time per dedicated bearer set-up procedure by MME +- d) DBSTM= SM.EstabActDedicatedEpsBearerTimeMean +- e) SM.EstabActDedicatedEpsBearerTimeMean (See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]). +- f) EPC +- g) Accessibility +- h) Second +- i) MEAN + +### 5.1.4 Service Request Success Rate + +- a) Service request success rate. +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed service request procedures by UE to the number of attempted service request procedures by UE and is used to evaluate service accessibility provided by EPS and network performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by successful service request procedures divided by attempted service request procedures. + +$$\text{SRSR} = \frac{\sum_{MME} \text{SM.EpsServiceReqSucc}}{\sum_{MME} \text{SM.EpsServiceReqAtt}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) SM.EpsServiceReqAtt +SM.EpsServiceReqSucc +(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]) +- f) EPC +- g) Accessibility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +## 5.2 Mobility KPI + +### 5.2.1 Inter-RAT Outgoing Handover Success Rate (EPS->GSM) + +- a) Inter-RAT outgoing handover success rate (EPS->GSM) +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed outgoing handover procedures to the number of attempted outgoing handover procedures to evaluate inter RAT outgoing handover performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by the number of successful outgoing handover procedures divided by total number of attempted outgoing handover procedures from EPS to GSM network. + +$$\text{IRATHO.OSR} = \frac{\text{IRATHO.OutMME.Succ.G}}{\text{IRATHO.OutMME.Att.G}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) IRATHO.OutMME.Att.G +IRATHO.OutMME.Succ.G +(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]) +- f) EPC +- g) Mobility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +### 5.2.2 Inter-RAT Outgoing Handover Success Rate (EPS->UMTS) + +- a) Inter-RAT outgoing handover success rate (EPS->UMTS) +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed outgoing handover procedures to the number of attempted outgoing handover procedures to evaluate inter RAT outgoing handover performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by the number of successful outgoing handover procedures divided by total number of attempted outgoing handover procedures from EPS to UMTS network. + +$$\text{IRATHO.OSR} = \frac{\text{IRATHO.OutMME.Succ.U}}{\text{IRATHO.OutMME.Att.U}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) IRATHO.OutMME.Att.U +IRATHO.OutMME.Succ.U +(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]) +- f) EPC +- g) Mobility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +### 5.2.3 Inter-RAT Outgoing Handover Success Rate (EPS->CDMA2000) + +- a) Inter-RAT outgoing handover success rate (EPS->CDMA2000) +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed outgoing handover procedures to the number of attempted outgoing handover procedures to evaluate inter RAT outgoing handover performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by the number of successful outgoing handover procedures divided by total number of attempted outgoing handover procedures from EPS to CDMA2000 network. + +$$\text{d) IRATHO.OSR} = \frac{\text{IRATHO.OutMME.Succ.C}}{\text{IRATHO.OutMME.Att.C}} * 100\%$$ + +- e) $\frac{\text{IRATHO.OutMME.Att.C}}{\text{IRATHO.OutMME.Succ.C}}$ +(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]) + +- f) EPC +- g) Mobility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +### 5.2.4 Inter-RAT Incoming Handover Success Rate (GSM->EPS) + +- a) Inter-RAT incoming handover success rate (GSM->EPS) +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed incoming handover procedures to the number of attempted incoming handover procedures to evaluate inter RAT incoming handover performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by total number of successful incoming handover procedures divided by total number of attempted incoming handover procedures from GSM network to EPS + +$$\text{d) IRATIH.OSR} = \frac{\text{IRATHO.IncMME.Succ.G}}{\text{IRATHO.IncMME.Att.G}} * 100\%$$ + +- e) $\frac{\text{IRATHO.IncMME.Att.G}}{\text{IRATHO.IncMME.Succ.G}}$ +(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]) + +- f) EPC +- g) Mobility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +### 5.2.5 Inter-RAT Incoming Handover Success Rate (UMTS ->EPS) + +- a) Inter-RAT incoming handover success rate (UMTS ->EPS) +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed incoming handover procedures to the number of attempted incoming handover procedures to evaluate inter RAT incoming handover performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by total number of successful incoming handover procedures divided by total number of attempted incoming handover procedures from UMTS network to EPS + +$$\text{IRATIHOSR} = \frac{\text{IRATHO.IncMMESucc.U}}{\text{IRATHO.IncMMEAtt.U}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) $\frac{\text{IRATHO.IncMMESucc.U}}{\text{IRATHO.IncMMEAtt.U}}$ +- e) IRATHO.IncMMEAtt.U +IRATHO.IncMMESucc.U +(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]) +- f) EPC +- g) Mobility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +### 5.2.6 Inter-RAT Incoming Handover Success Rate (CDMA2000->EPS) + +- a) Inter-RAT incoming handover success rate (CDMA2000->EPS) +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed incoming handover procedures to the number of attempted incoming handover procedures to evaluate inter RAT incoming handover performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by total number of successful incoming handover procedures divided by total number of attempted incoming handover procedures from CDMA2000 network to EPS + +$$\text{IRATIHOSR} = \frac{\text{IRATHO.IncMMESucc.C}}{\text{IRATHO.IncMMEAtt.C}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) $\frac{\text{IRATHO.IncMMESucc.C}}{\text{IRATHO.IncMMEAtt.C}}$ +- e) IRATHO.IncMMEAtt.C +IRATHO.IncMMESucc.C +(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]) +- f) EPC +- g) Mobility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +### 5.2.7 Tracking Area Update Success Rate + +- a) Tracking area update success rate. +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed tracking area update procedures to the number of attempted tracking area update procedures and is used to evaluate mobility provided by EPS and network performance. +- c) This KPI is obtained by successful tracking area update procedures divided by attempted tracking area update procedures. + +$$\text{TAUSR} = \frac{\sum_{TA} (\text{MM.TauInterSgwSucc} + \text{MM.TauIntraSgwSucc})}{\sum_{TA} (\text{MM.TauInterSgwAtt} + \text{MM.TauIntraSgwAtt})} * 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) MM.TauIntraSgwAtt +MM.TauInterSgwAtt +MM.TauIntraSgwSucc +MM.TauInterSgwSucc +(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]) +- f) EPC +- g) Mobility +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +## 5.3 Utilization KPI + +### 5.3.1 Mean Active Dedicated EPS Bearer Utilization + +- a) Mean active dedicated EPS bearer utilization +- b) This KPI describes the ratio of the mean number of active dedicated EPS bearer to the maximum number of active dedicated EPS bearers provided by EPC network, and it is used to evaluate utilization performance of EPC network. +- c) This KPI is obtained by the mean number of dedicated EPS bearers in active mode divided by the system capacity. + +$$\text{MADEBU} = \frac{\text{SM.MeanNbrActDedicatedBearer}}{\text{Capacity}} * 100\%$$ + +- d) +- e) SM.MeanNbrActDedicatedBearer (See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]) +Capacity indicates maximum number of active dedicated EPS bearers provided by EPC node. + +Editor notes: Capacity definition is FFS. + +- f) EPC +- g) Utilization +- h) Percentage +- i) RATIO + +# --- Annex A (informative): Use case for KPIs + +## A.1 Use case for EPS attach success rate related KPI + +It is necessary to evaluate accessibility performance provided by EPS. EPS attachment for a UE/user is important when they access network. If users or subscribers cannot attach to the PS network of EPS, they cannot access EPS. This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## A.2 Use case for inter-RAT handover related KPIs + +Inter RAT handover success rate is used to evaluate stability and reliability performance of handover between EPS and GSM or UMTS or CDMA2000. If the KPI value is too low, call drop rate may be increased. This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## A.3 Use case for mean active dedicated EPS bearer utilization related KPI + +Mean active dedicated EPS bearer utilization can be used to indicate system load level. If the value of this KPI is very high, it indicates system capacity is not enough, and needs to be increased. So it is an important indicator for EPC network optimization. + +This KPI is focusing on network view. + +## A.4 Use case for dedicated EPS bearer creation success rate related KPI + +If PGW can not create the dedicated bearer, then users cannot use the services provided by EPS successfully, which will influence the users' satisfactory to the network. So it is necessary to define dedicated EPS bearer creation success rate to evaluate accessibility performance provided by EPS and network performance, user behaviour is included. + +This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## A.5 Use case for mean dedicated bearer set-up time by MME related KPI + +Mean dedicated bearer set-up time by MME can be used to describe the duration between a UE requests a service and the service is successfully established, it can reflect the user satisfactory of high data rate service and network performance of dedicated bearer set-up. So it is useful to evaluate accessibility performance provided by EPS and network performance. + +This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## A.6 Use case for service request success rate related KPI + +Service Request procedure is one of the important NAS procedures which is triggered by the UE when it is in idle state and has some data to send or receive (after the paging procedure). If the service request success rate is lower than predefined threshold, the user experience of sending / receiving the data will be affected. So it is necessary to define service request success rate, the user behaviour is included. + +This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +## A.7 Use case for tracking area update success rate related KPI + +Tracking area update success rate is useful to evaluate mobility provided by EPS. If a user fails to update the tracking area, the user may not be paged by network because the target tracking area can not be attached. If the tracking area update success rate is lower than a predefined threshold, the tracking areas maybe need to be re-planed. So it is necessary to define the tracking area update success rate, the user behaviour is included. + +This KPI is focusing on network and user view. + +# Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|-----|------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100766 | | | Submitted to SA#50 for Information | 0.4.1 | 1.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110117 | | | Submitted to SA#50 for Approval | 1.1.0 | 2.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 2.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32511/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32511/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a745082b89e63986505d234f78cd6816d33a678c --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32511/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,339 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Concepts and background ..... | 6 | +| 5 Requirements ..... | 6 | +| 5.1 Business level requirements..... | 6 | +| 5.1.1 Void ..... | 7 | +| 5.1.1.1 Void ..... | 7 | +| 5.1.1.2 Void ..... | 7 | +| 5.1.1.3 Void ..... | 7 | +| 5.2 Specification level requirements ..... | 7 | +| 5.2.1 Void ..... | 7 | +| 5.2.2 Void ..... | 7 | +| 5.2.3 Void ..... | 7 | +| 5.2.4 Use cases ..... | 7 | +| 5.2.4.1 Management of fully automatic ANR function ..... | 7 | +| 5.2.4.2 Manual start of the ANR function by operator ..... | 8 | +| 5.2.4.3 Handling of noX2 attribute ..... | 8 | +| 5.2.4.4 Manual stop of the ANR function by operator ..... | 9 | +| 5.2.5 Requirements..... | 10 | +| 5.2.5.1 ANR function management in E-UTRAN..... | 10 | +| 5.2.5.2 ANR function management in UTRAN ..... | 11 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 13 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects, Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +**32.511: "Automatic Neighbour Relation (ANR) management; Concepts and requirements".** + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document describes the concepts and requirements for the management of Automatic Neighbour Relation (ANR) in UTRAN and E-UTRAN across the Itf-N. The ANR management is a key feature of Self Organizing Networks (SON) [4]. + +The NCR concept and background information are described in clause 4. + +The requirements for management of NCR are defined in clause 5. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TR 32.816: "Telecommunication management; Study on Management of Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) and Evolved Packet Core (EPC)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.501 "Telecommunication management; Self-Configuration of Network Elements; Concepts and requirements". +- [6] 3GPP TS 36.300 "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.301 "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements". +- [8] 3GPP TS 25.484 "Automatic Neighbour Relation (ANR) for UTRAN; Stage 2". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TS 32.101 [2], TS 32.102 [3] and TS 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TS 32.101 [2], TS 32.102 [3] and TS 21.905 [1], in that order. + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +**ANR function:** The ANR function in E-UTRAN is described in TS 36.300 [6], section 22.3.2a. The ANR function in UTRAN is described in TS 25.484 [8]. + +**Neighbour Cell Relation:** The Neighbour Cell Relation (NCR) in E-UTRAN is defined in TS 36.300 [6] clause 22.3.2a. The Neighbour Cell Relation in UTRAN is defined in TS 25.484 [8]. + +**Searchlist:** List of frequencies and supporting information to be used for neighbour cell measurements. The Searchlist contains entries for E-UTRAN and supported IRATs. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|------|-------------------------------| +| ANR | Automatic Neighbour Relation | +| eNB | eNodeB or evolved NodeB | +| NCR | Neighbour Cell Relation | +| NCRT | Neighbour Cell Relation Table | +| UC | Use Case | + +# --- 4 Concepts and background + +For E-UTRAN, the ANR function in the eNB relates to the Use Cases **Establishment of new eNB in network** and **Optimisation of the neighbourhood list** in [4]. + +- For **Establishment of new eNB in network**, If the operator so chooses, the OAM system adds and configures NCRs before the eNB goes into operation. +- For **Optimisation of the neighbourhood list**, the ANR function deals with automatic NCR additions and removals. It minimizes the need for planning and configuring NCRs. If the operator so chooses, the OAM system adds and configures NRs or removes NCRs after the eNB goes into operation. + +For UTRAN, the ANR function concept and overall description is documented in TS 25.484 [8]. + +- The ANR function in RNC allows OAM system to manage the NCRT. OAM system can add and delete NCRs and also change the attributes of the NCRs. The OAM system is informed about changes in the NCRT made by ANR function. + +# --- 5 Requirements + +## 5.1 Business level requirements + +**REQ-ANR-CON-001** NCRs shall be set up and optimized with no or minimal human intervention. + +**REQ-ANR-CON-002** For E-UTRAN, initial status of the newly created NCR by ANR function shall be such that HO is allowed, X2 connection setup is allowed, and the NCR is allowed to be removed by ANR function in eNB. + +**REQ-ANR-CON-003** E-UTRAN ANR supports management of NCRs from E-UTRAN to E-UTRAN, from E-UTRAN to UTRAN, from E-UTRAN to CDMA2000 and from E-UTRAN to GERAN. + +**REQ-ANR-CON-004** For UTRAN, initial status of the newly created NCR by ANR function shall be such that HO is allowed and the NCR is allowed to be removed by ANR function in RNC. + +**REQ-ANR-CON-005** UTRAN ANR supports management of NCRs from UTRAN to UTRAN, from UTRAN to E-UTRAN and from UTRAN to GERAN. + +### 5.1.1 Void + +5.1.1.1 Void + +5.1.1.2 Void + +5.1.1.3 Void + +## 5.2 Specification level requirements + +5.2.1 Void + +5.2.2 Void + +5.2.3 Void + +### 5.2.4 Use cases + +5.2.4.1 Management of fully automatic ANR function + +| Use Case Stage | Evolution / Specification | <>
Related use | +|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Goal (*) | The goal is that the IRPManager may add and remove NCRs and that it may change attributes of the NCRs | | +| Actors and Roles (*) |
  • - IRPManager as user
| | +| Telecom resources |
  • - ANR function
  • - eNB or RNC
| | +| Assumptions | | | +| Pre conditions |
  • - The ANR function in eNB or RNC is active;
  • - The cell may or may not have Neighbour Cell Relations configured by O&M;
  • - For E-UTRAN, the eNB has finished Use Case Self-configuration of a new eNodeB [5];
  • - For UTRAN, the RNC is properly installed and running.
| | +| Begins when | This Use Case begins when all pre conditions have been met. | | +| Step 1 (*) (M) |
  • - If the IRPManager finds out that an unsuitable Neighbour Cell Relation has been added by ANR, the IRPManager may "Blacklist" that particular Neighbour Cell Relation.
  • - If the IRPManager finds out that a desired Neighbour Cell Relation has not been added by ANR, the IRPManager may "Whitelist" that particular Neighbour Cell Relation.
  • - The IRPManager may uncheck the noRemove attribute from any present Neighbour Cell Relation.
| | +| Ends when (*) | This Use Case ends when the eNB or RNC is taken out of service or when the ANR function is stopped. | | +| Exceptions | One of the steps identified above fails and retry is unsuccessful. | | +| Post Conditions | | | +| Traceability (*) | REQ-ANR-CON-001 | | + +#### 5.2.4.2 Manual start of the ANR function by operator + +| Use Case Stage | Evolution / Specification | <>
Related use | +|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Goal (*) | The ANR function in eNB or RNC can be enabled by IRPManager. | | +| Actors and Roles (*) | - IRPManager as user | | +| Telecom resources | - ANR function
- eNB or RNC | | +| Assumptions | | | +| Pre conditions | - The ANR function is not active;
- The eNB or RNC may have Neighbour Cell Relations. The NCRs may be configured by O&M or be may have been added by ANR function if ANR function has been active previously. | | +| Begins when | The Use Case begins when the IRP Manager starts the ANR function. | | +| Step 1 (*) (M) | The IRPManager enables the ANR function in eNB or RNC. | | +| Ends when (*) | Ends when all steps identified above are completed or when an exception occurs | | +| Exceptions | One of the steps identified above fails and retry is unsuccessful. | | +| Post Conditions | The ANR function in eNB or RNC is enabled by IRPManager successfully or unsuccessfully. | | +| Traceability (*) | REQ-ANR-FUN-10, REQ-ANR-FUN-26 | | + +#### 5.2.4.3 Handling of noX2 attribute + +##### Use Case 1 + +IRPManager needs to be able to forbid and allow the establishment of X2 interfaces from the source macro eNBs to a target eNB. IRPManager is aware that the target eNB cannot support X2 connections. This UC on how noX2 is used relates to node level rather than cell level. + +##### Use Case 2 + +IRPManager needs to be able to allow and forbid the establishment of X2 interfaces from the source HeNBs to a target macro eNB. This UC supports the case when a potentially large number of HeNBs in the vicinity of a macro eNB, X2 establishment requests from HeNB might saturate the physical ports of the macro eNB (not in terms of bandwidth saturation but rather the saturation in terms of the number of simultaneous establishment requests supported). This UC on how noX2 is used relates to node level rather than Cell level. + +##### Use Case 3 + +IRPManager needs to be able to forbid the establishment of the X2 interface from (IRPManager's) operator's eNB to another operator's eNB or to an eNB that belongs to another unwanted PLMN. This UC supports the case when the IP address of the target eNB cannot be obtained or the X2 handovers to another unwanted PLMN are not allowed. This UC on how noX2 is used relates to node level rather than cell level. + +##### Use Case 4 + +IRPManager needs to be able to ask for the release of the X2 interface improperly established by eNB. This UC supports the case when the serving eNB has established an X2 interface (e.g., by ANR) before IRPManager had a chance to forbid the establishment of that X2 interface. The IRPManager needs to be able to ask the serving eNB to release the X2 interface to the target eNB. This UC on how noX2 is used relates to node level rather than cell level. + +#### 5.2.4.4 *Manual stop of the ANR function by operator* + +| Use Case Stage | Evolution / Specification | <>
Related
use | +|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------| +| Goal (*) | The ANR function in eNB or RNC can be disabled by IRPManager. | | +| Actors and Roles (*) |
  • - IRPManager as user
| | +| Telecom resources |
  • - ANR function
  • - eNB or RNC
| | +| Assumptions | | | +| Pre conditions |
  • - The ANR function is active
| | +| Begins when | The Use Case begins when the IRPManager makes a decision to disable the ANR function. | | +| Step 1 (*) (M) | The IRPManager disables the ANR function in eNB or RNC. | | +| Ends when (*) | Ends when all steps identified above are completed or when an exception occurs. | | +| Exceptions | One of the steps identified above fails and retry is unsuccessful. | | +| Post Conditions | The ANR function in eNB or RNC is disabled by IRPManager successfully or unsuccessfully. All existing NCRs, whether created by ANR or otherwise are unaltered. | | +| Traceability (*) | REQ-ANR-FUN-10, REQ-ANR-FUN-26 | | + +### 5.2.5 Requirements + +#### 5.2.5.1 ANR function management in E-UTRAN + +The business level requirements in section 5.1 are decomposed into the following specification level requirements, applicable for E-UTRAN: + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-01** An IRPManager shall be able to request that HO be allowed from source cell to target cell. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-02** An IRPManager shall be able to request that HO be prohibited from source cell to target cell. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-03** An IRPManager shall be able to request that HO be allowed from source cell to target cell and that no other entity than an IRPManager can remove that request. This is termed as HO white-listing. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-04** An IRPManager shall be able to request that HO be prohibited from source cell to target cell and that no other entity than an IRPManager can remove that request. This is termed as HO black-listing. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-05** An IRPManager shall inform the IRPManager about success or failure of IRPManager operations to allow HO, prohibit HO, HO white-list and HO black-list. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-06** An IRPManager shall be able to request establishment of an X2 connection from one eNB to another eNB. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-07** An IRPManager shall be able to request the release of an X2 connection between two eNBs. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-08** An IRPManager shall be able to request that X2 interface from one eNB to another eNB be established if the X2 interface is not established and that the release of X2 interface be prohibited. No other entity than an IRPManager can remove that request. This is termed as X2 white-listing. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-09** An IRPManager shall be able to request that X2 interface from one eNB to another eNB be released if the X2 interface is established and that the establishment of the X2 interface be prohibited. No other entity than an IRPManager can remove that request. This is termed as X2 black-listing. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-10** Operator shall be able to disable/enable one eNB or multiple eNB's ANR function when needed. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-11** void + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-12** An IRPManager shall be able to add and configure new NCRs in the eNB. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-13** An IRPManager shall be able to remove NCRs in the eNB + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-14** An IRPManager shall inform the IRPManager about changes to the NCR according to TS 32.301 [7]. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-15** A Searchlist is needed for each cell. The IRPManager should be able to configure the Searchlist. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-16** An IRPManager shall inform the IRPManager about the newly added and removed NCRs according to TS 32.301 [7]. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-17** An IRPManager shall be able to retrieve ANR related attribute values on cell level, identifying: + +- Source cell & target cell; +- NCR status (locked, unlocked); +- HO status (allowed, prohibited). + +The "locked" NCR status indicates that the NCR shall not be removed by the ANR function. + +The "unlocked" NCR status indicates that the NCR may be removed by the ANR function. + +The "allowed" HO status indicates that handovers are allowed for this NCR. + +The "prohibited" HO status indicates that handovers are prohibited for this NCR. + +The combination of "locked" NCR status and "allowed" HO status is a "whitelisted" relation. + +The combination of "locked" NCR status and "prohibited" HO status is a "blacklisted" relation + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-18** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to determine whether the X2 interface between two eNodeBs is established or not established. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-19** IRP Manager shall be able to request that the source eNB be prohibited to use X2 interface for HOs to a target eNB even if the X2 interface exists between the eNBs. No other entity than an IRP Manager can remove that request. This is termed as X2HO black-listing. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-20** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to retrieve the X2 whitelisted and blacklisted eNBs. + +#### 5.2.5.2 ANR function management in UTRAN + +The business level requirements in section 5.1 are decomposed into the following specification level requirements, applicable for UTRAN: + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-21** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to request that HO be allowed from source cell to target cell. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-22** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to request that HO be prohibited from source cell to target cell. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-23** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to request that HO be allowed from source cell to target cell and that no other entity than an IRP Manager can remove that request. This is termed as HO white-listing. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-24** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to request that HO be prohibited from source cell to target cell and that no other entity than an IRP Manager can remove that request. This is termed as HO black-listing. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-25** The IRP Agent shall inform the IRP Manager about success or failure of IRP Manager operations to allow HO, prohibit HO, HO white-list and HO black-list. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-26** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to disable/enable ANR function in RNC when needed. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-27** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to add and configure new NCRs in the RNC. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-28** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to remove NCRs in the RNC. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-29** The IRP Agent shall inform the IRP Manager about changes to the NCR according to TS 32.301 [7]. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-30** The IRP Agent shall inform the IRP Manager about the newly added and removed NCRs according to TS 32.301 [7]. + +**REQ-ANR-FUN-31** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to retrieve ANR related attribute values on cell level, identifying: + +- Source cell & target cell; +- NCR status (locked, unlocked); +- HO status (allowed, prohibited). + +The "locked" NCR status indicates that the NCR shall not be removed by the ANR function. + +The "unlocked" NCR status indicates that the NCR may be removed by the ANR function. + +The "allowed" HO status indicates that handovers are allowed for this NCR. + +The "prohibited" HO status indicates that handovers are prohibited for this NCR. + +The combination of "locked" NCR status and "allowed" HO status is a "whitelisted" relation. + +The combination of "locked" NCR status and "prohibited" HO status is a "blacklisted" relation. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|---------|-----------|------|-----|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Date | Meeting | TDoc | CR | Rev | Cat | Subject/Comment | New version | +| 2008-12 | | | | | | Submitted to SA#42 for information and approval | 8.0.0 | +| 2009-03 | SP-43 | SP-090213 | 001 | 1 | | Remove solution related terms and inconsistencies in Requirement specification and add clarifications | 8.1.0 | +| 2009-06 | SP-44 | SP-090290 | 002 | -- | | Clarify requirement REQ-ANR-FUN-18 | 8.2.0 | +| 2009-12 | - | - | - | - | | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | +| 2011-06 | SP-52 | SP-110293 | 009 | 1 | | Introducing ANR use cases for UTRAN | 11.0.0 | +| 2011-09 | SP-53 | SP-110540 | 010 | -- | | Introducing ANR concepts and requirements for UTRAN | 11.1.0 | +| 2012-09 | SP-57 | SP-120574 | 011 | -- | | Clean-up changes for ANR management concepts and requirements | 11.2.0 | +| 2018-01 | SA#78 | SP-170972 | 0015 | 1 | A | Alignment with RAN specification | 11.3.0 | +| 2018-03 | SA#79 | SP-180070 | 0022 | - | A | Converting Editor's Note to normative text. | 11.4.0 | \ No newline at end of file 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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ed52fba96b0d66acdd07a91a54dce06fe3c6444c --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32521/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,792 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Concepts and background ..... | 7 | +| 4.1 Overview ..... | 7 | +| 4.2 Self-Optimization Concept..... | 9 | +| 4.2.1 Logical Function Blocks..... | 9 | +| 4.2.1.1 Self-Optimization Input Monitoring Function (SO_MON_F) ..... | 9 | +| 4.2.1.2 Triggering Optimization Function (TG_F)..... | 9 | +| 4.2.1.3 Optimization Fallback Function (O_FB_F)..... | 9 | +| 4.2.1.4 Self-Optimization Progress Update Function (SO_PGS_UF)..... | 9 | +| 4.2.1.5 NRM IRP Update Function (NRM_UF) ..... | 9 | +| 4.2.1.6 Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management Function (SO_MMF) ..... | 9 | +| 4.2.1.6.1 Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management Function (SO_MMF_NM) ..... | 9 | +| 4.2.1.6.2 Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management Function (SO_MMF_EM)..... | 9 | +| 4.2.1.7 Load Balancing Function (LB_F)..... | 10 | +| 4.2.1.8 Interference Control Function (IC_F)..... | 10 | +| 4.2.1.9 Coverage and Capacity Function (CC_F)..... | 10 | +| 4.2.1.10 RACH Optimization Function (RACH_F)..... | 10 | +| 4.2.1.11 HandOver Optimization Function (HO_F)..... | 10 | +| 4.3 SON Coordination Concepts..... | 10 | +| 5 Business level requirements..... | 10 | +| 5.1 Requirements..... | 10 | +| 5.1.1 Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management ..... | 10 | +| 5.1.2 Load Balancing..... | 11 | +| 5.1.3 Handover (HO) Parameter optimization..... | 11 | +| 5.1.4 Interference control..... | 11 | +| 5.1.5 Capacity and coverage optimization..... | 12 | +| 5.1.6 RACH optimization..... | 12 | +| 5.1.7 SON Coordination ..... | 12 | +| 5.2 Actor roles ..... | 13 | +| 5.3 Telecommunications Resources..... | 13 | +| 5.4 High-Level use case ..... | 13 | +| 5.4.1 Load Balancing..... | 13 | +| 5.4.2 Interference control..... | 14 | +| 5.4.3 Capacity and coverage optimization..... | 15 | +| 6 Specification level requirements..... | 17 | +| 6.1 Requirements..... | 17 | +| 6.1.1 Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management ..... | 17 | +| 6.1.1.1 Management Part ..... | 17 | +| 6.1.2 Load Balancing..... | 18 | +| 6.1.3 Handover (HO) Parameter optimization..... | 18 | +| 6.1.3.1 HO failure categorization..... | 18 | +| 6.1.3.1.1 HO failures due to too late and too early HO triggering..... | 18 | +| 6.1.3.2 Reducing inefficient use of network resources due to unnecessary HOs ..... | 20 | +| 6.1.3.3 Requirements ..... | 21 | +| 6.1.4 Interference control ..... | 21 | +| 6.1.5 Capacity and coverage optimization..... | 21 | +| 6.1.6 RACH optimization..... | 21 | +| 6.1.7 SON Coordination ..... | 21 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 6.2 | Actor roles ..... | 22 | +| 6.3 | Telecommunications Resources..... | 22 | +| 6.4 | Use case..... | 22 | +| 6.4.1 | Use case Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management ..... | 22 | +| 6.4.2 | Use case Load Balancing Allowed/Prohibited Management ..... | 22 | +| 7 | Functions and Architecture ..... | 24 | +| 7.1 | Self-Optimization Logical Architecture..... | 24 | +| 7.2 | Self-Optimization Reference Model ..... | 24 | +| Annex A (informative): | Steps for SON self-optimization Technical Specifications..... | 25 | +| Annex B (informative): | Change history..... | 26 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects, Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.521: **“Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements”** + - 32.522: **“Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)”** +- 32.526 “Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions” + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document describes concept and requirements of SON Policy management for Self-Optimization and SON coordination. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [4] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.150 [3] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TS 32.101 [1], TS 32.102 [2], TS 32.150 [3] and TR 21.905 [4], in that order. + +**Target:** Target provides a clear basis for assessing performance of self-optimization functions. Targets need to be carefully specified in terms of a series of performance measurements and/or KPIs, which can be specific, and which can be used also to identify problems. A target should be expressed in terms of a specific value or specific value range. The present document does not specify the specific value or desired value range of each target since those should be set by operators according to their policy and different network situation. + +**Trigger condition:** The condition at which self-optimization should be triggered. Different self-optimization algorithms may have different trigger conditions for achieving same objectives and targets. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|---------|----------------------------------------------------| +| CCO | Capacity and Coverage Optimization | +| EM | Element Manager | +| eNodeB | evolved NodeB | +| EPC | Evolved Packet Core | +| E-UTRAN | Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| HO | Handover | +| ICIC | Inter Cell Interference Coordination | +| LB | Load Balancing | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | + +| | | +|-----|--------------------------------------| +| OAM | Operation Administration Maintenance | +| PRB | Physical Resource Block | +| SON | Self Organizing Networks | +| UE | User Equipment | + +# --- 4 Concepts and background + +## 4.1 Overview + +A self-optimization functionality will monitor input data such as performance measurements, fault alarms, notifications etc. After analyzing the input data, optimization decisions will be made according to the optimization algorithms. Finally, corrective actions on the affected network node(s) will be triggered automatically or manually when necessary. + +IRPManager should be able to control the self-optimization procedures according to the operator's objectives and targets. + +The following diagram is illustrated how the self-optimization functionality works: + +![Flowchart of the logical view of a self-optimization procedure. The process starts with 'Monitor input data', which loops back to itself via a 'Loop: Keep Monitoring' callout. It then proceeds to 'Analyse input data with Optimization Algorithms'. A decision diamond follows, with a 'No' path leading to 'Execute corrective actions' and a 'Yes' path leading to another decision diamond 'Is system status better after the corrective actions?'. From the second decision, a 'Yes' path leads to 'One time Self-optimization procedure ends', while a 'No' path leads to a 'Fallback' box and then back to 'Monitor input data'.](d0abac95583b52a3b35f74a215567334_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; A[Monitor input data] --> A; A --> B[Analyse input data with Optimization Algorithms]; B --> C{ }; C -- No --> D[Execute corrective actions]; D --> E{Is system status better after the corrective actions?}; E -- Yes --> F[One time Self-optimization procedure ends]; E -- No --> G[Fallback may be needed to reverse the system to the previous status, which is before the corrective actions executed.]; G --> A; +``` + +The flowchart illustrates the logical view of a self-optimization procedure. It begins with a rectangular process block labeled 'Monitor input data'. A curved arrow loops from this block back to itself, labeled 'Loop: Keep Monitoring'. Below 'Monitor input data' is another rectangular process block labeled 'Analyse input data with Optimization Algorithms'. An arrow points from this block to a decision diamond. From the left side of the diamond, a line labeled 'No' leads down to a rectangular process block labeled 'Execute corrective actions'. From the bottom of 'Execute corrective actions', an arrow points down to another decision diamond labeled 'Is system status better after the corrective actions?'. From the right side of this diamond, a line labeled 'Yes' leads down to a rectangular process block labeled 'One time Self-optimization procedure ends'. From the left side of the second decision diamond, a line labeled 'No' leads to a rectangular process block labeled 'Fallback may be needed to reverse the system to the previous status, which is before the corrective actions executed.'. From the top of this 'Fallback' block, an arrow loops back up to the 'Monitor input data' block. + +Flowchart of the logical view of a self-optimization procedure. The process starts with 'Monitor input data', which loops back to itself via a 'Loop: Keep Monitoring' callout. It then proceeds to 'Analyse input data with Optimization Algorithms'. A decision diamond follows, with a 'No' path leading to 'Execute corrective actions' and a 'Yes' path leading to another decision diamond 'Is system status better after the corrective actions?'. From the second decision, a 'Yes' path leads to 'One time Self-optimization procedure ends', while a 'No' path leads to a 'Fallback' box and then back to 'Monitor input data'. + +**Figure 4-1 Logical view of self-optimization procedure** + +The self-optimization functionality working procedure could be interpreted logically as following: + +1. The self-optimization functionality keeps monitoring input data according to the operator's objectives and targets. +2. Whenever the objectives and targets are not met, optimization algorithms will be triggered. +3. Corrective actions are provided and executed. +4. Then the self-optimization functionality evaluates the result of the executed corrective actions. + +- a) If the system status is not satisfactory after the corrective actions' execution, fallback may be needed to reverse the system configuration to the previous status, which is before the corrective actions executed. +- b) If the system status is satisfactory after the corrective actions' execution, the one time self-optimization procedure ends. + +5. Self-optimization functionality returns to monitoring the input data. + +## 4.2 Self-Optimization Concept + +### 4.2.1 Logical Function Blocks + +#### 4.2.1.1 Self-Optimization Input Monitoring Function (SO\_MON\_F) + +This functional bloc supports the following functions: [SO1]. + +#### 4.2.1.2 Triggering Optimization Function (TG\_F) + +This functional bloc supports the following functions: [SO2], [SO3]. + +#### 4.2.1.3 Optimization Fallback Function (O\_FB\_F) + +This functional bloc supports the following functions: [SO7], [SO9], [SO10]. + +#### 4.2.1.4 Self-Optimization Progress Update Function (SO\_PGS\_UF) + +This function updates the self-optimization progress and important events to the operator: [SO11] + +#### 4.2.1.5 NRM IRP Update Function (NRM\_UF) + +This function updates the E-UTRAN and EPC NRM IRP with the optimization modification if needed. + +#### 4.2.1.6 Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management Function (SO\_MMF) + +This function monitors the self-optimization process and provides the operator with this information. This function must be able to get information about all other functional blocs. In addition to this it allows the operator to control the execution of the self-optimization process. + +This function also resolves conflicts of different SON functions trying to change or actually changing parameter values in different directions or reports such conflicts, if they cannot be solved. + +##### 4.2.1.6.1 Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management Function (SO\_MMF\_NM) + +SO\_MMF\_NM (IRP Manager): representing the NM portion of SO\_MMF (necessary monitoring and limited interaction capabilities to support an automated optimization), as well as related IRPManager functionality + +In a centralized conflict resolution approach SO\_MMF\_NM identifies and resolves conflicts. + +In distributed and hybrid conflict resolution approach SO\_MMF\_NM sends policy directions towards the SO\_MMF\_EM. + +##### 4.2.1.6.2 Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management Function (SO\_MMF\_EM) + +SO\_MMF\_EM (IRP Agent): representing the portion of SO\_MMF operating below Itf-N, as well as related IRPAgent functionality + +In distributed and hybrid conflict resolution approach SO\_MMF\_EM identifies, resolves and/or reports conflicts, according to the policy directions received by SO\_MMF\_NM. + +In case SO\_MMF\_EM is not able to solve a conflict, it will request the SO\_MMF\_NM to resolve the conflict. + +#### 4.2.1.7 Load Balancing Function (LB\_F) + +This function handles the load balancing optimization. + +#### 4.2.1.8 Interference Control Function (IC\_F) + +This function handles the interference control optimization. + +#### 4.2.1.9 Coverage and Capacity Function (CC\_F) + +This function handles the coverage and capacity optimization. + +#### 4.2.1.10 RACH Optimization Function (RACH\_F) + +This function handles the RACH optimization. + +#### 4.2.1.11 HandOver Optimization Function (HO\_F) + +This function handles the handover optimization. + +## 4.3 SON Coordination Concepts + +When multiple SON functions attempt to change some (same or associated) network configuration parameters of some (same or associated) nodes, one or more of these SON functions may not be able to achieve the operator's specified SON target(s) (for individual SON function) since they may have conflicting demands on network resources. This situation is considered as "SON functions in conflict" and requires conflict prevention or resolution. Detection of "SON functions in conflict" can be Use Case specific (for example, two SON functions make change at the same time or during the impact time interval). + +The associated network configuration parameters include parameters within the same network element or parameters of different network elements with impact between each other. For example, the associated parameters of one cell are the parameters of its neighbour cells. Another typical association example is the TX power, antenna azimuth and tilt of one cell are associated with each other. + +Different SON functions may have dependencies with each other. The behaviour of one SON function may have influence on other SON functions. For example, CCO function may adjust the Neighbour Relation due to coverage optimization, and then the changed NR will have an influence on Handover Parameter Optimization function. + +SON coordination is to detect, prevent or resolve conflicts or negative influences between SON functions to make SON functions comply with operator's policy. + +# --- 5 Business level requirements + +## 5.1 Requirements + +### 5.1.1 Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-1** IRPManager shall be able to control the self-optimization functions. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-2** The self-optimization complex corrective actions shall be executed in a consistent and coordinated way. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-3** Self-optimization functions shall reuse existing standardized solutions as much as possible. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-4** void + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-5** The IRPAgent shall support a capability allowing the IRPManager to know the success or failure result of Self-Optimization. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-6** The trigger conditions of self-optimization functions should be able to be managed by the IRPManager. The trigger condition may be the scheduled time to start a self-optimization function or a period of time during which a self-optimization function is forbidden to be started or the event (i.e. do not meet objectives or targets) to start a self-optimization function. Each self-optimization function shall have its own set of trigger condition. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-7** For the self-optimization functions which need continuous monitoring, the IRPManager should be able to manage the execution of self-optimization actions (e.g. setting a period of time during which a self-optimization action is forbidden to be executed). + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-8** Each self-optimization function shall have one or several related performance indicator, which may be used as objective to evaluate the performance before the self-optimization is initiated and after the self-optimization function is completed. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-9** For operator controlled (open loop) SON function, the IRPAgent shall support a capability allowing IRPManager to know the information about the self-optimization actions. The necessity of this capability will be decided case by case. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-10** The IRPAgent shall support a capability allowing IRPManager to know the information about the execution result of self-optimization actions. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-11** void. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-CON-12** void. **REQ-SO\_MM-CON-13** void. + +### 5.1.2 Load Balancing + +**REQ-SO\_LB-CON-1** The optimization of load balancing shall be performed with minimal human intervention. + +**REQ-SO\_LB-CON-2** The following scenarios shall be considered in optimization of load balancing. Each scenario shall include the load balancing on intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT. + +1. Overlapping Coverage +2. Hierarchical Coverage +3. Neighbouring Coverage + +### 5.1.3 Handover (HO) Parameter optimization + +**REQ-SO\_HO-CON-1** HO parameter optimization shall be performed with no human intervention as much as possible. + +**REQ-SO\_HO-CON-2** HO parameter optimization function shall aim at reducing the number of HO failures as well as reducing inefficient use of network resources due to unnecessary handovers. In particular, the HO parameter optimization function shall aim at reducing the number of HO related failures that cause degradation in user experience, such as call drops, radio link failures during or shortly after HO, and reduced data rates. + +### 5.1.4 Interference control + +**REQ-SO\_IC-CON-1** Interference control shall be performed with as little human intervention as possible. + +**REQ-SO\_IC-CON-2** The following scenarios shall be considered in interference control. + +1. Uplink inter cell interference coordination +2. Downlink inter cell interference coordination + +### 5.1.5 Capacity and coverage optimization + +**REQ-SO\_CC-CON-1** Coverage and capacity optimization shall be performed with minimal human intervention. + +**REQ-SO\_CC-CON-2** Operator shall be able to configure the objectives and targets for the coverage and capacity optimisation function. + +**REQ-SO\_CC-CON-3** Operator shall be able to configure the objectives and targets for the coverage and capacity optimisation functions differently for different areas of the network. + +**REQ-SO\_CC-CON-4** The collection of data used as input into the coverage and capacity optimisation function shall be automated to the maximum extent possible and shall require minimum possible amount of dedicated resources. + +**REQ-SO\_CC-CON-5** The following scenarios shall be considered in capacity and coverage optimization. + +1. E-UTRAN Coverage holes with 2G/3G coverage +2. E-UTRAN Coverage holes without any other radio coverage +3. E-UTRAN Coverage holes with isolated island cell coverage +4. E-UTRAN cells with too large coverage + +**REQ-SO\_CC-CON-6** The IRP Agent shall provide a capability allowing the IRP Manager to manage tradeoffs between coverage and capacity using policies. + +### 5.1.6 RACH optimization + +**REQ-SO\_RO-CON-1** RACH optimization shall be performed with minimal human intervention. + +### 5.1.7 SON Coordination + +**REQ-SON\_COORD-CON-1** SON coordination shall allow the prevention and resolution of conflicts between SON functions. + +**REQ-SON\_COORD-CON-2** In case the SON coordination function is below Itf-N, the IRP Agent should support the capability for the IRP Manager to define policies for the case that SON functions request conflicting parameter values. In case no policy is given, the IRP Agent shall apply default policies. + +Note: A policy describes an expected behaviour from the IRP Agent. Examples for such policies: + +- i) Prioritizing SON functions in case of conflicts +- ii) Assigning weights to SON targets +- iii) Prohibiting further changes of a parameter for a certain amount of time +- iv) Selecting preferred value ranges +- v) Telling the IRP Agent to report conflicts + +**REQ-SON\_COORD-CON-3** For the case that the IRP Agent does not resolve the case of SON functions requesting conflicting values for parameters, the IRP Agent should support the capability for the IRP Manager to decide about the parameter values. + +**REQ-SON\_COORD-CON-4** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to configure the SON coordination policy. The coordination includes the following aspects: + +- 1) Coordination between SON functions below Itf-N and CM operations over Itf-N. +- 2) Coordination between different SON functions. + +## 5.2 Actor roles + +Managed system: The entity performing an IRP Agent role. + +Managing system: The entity performing the IRP Manager role. + +## 5.3 Telecommunications Resources + +The managed E-UTRAN/EPC network equipments are viewed as relevant telecommunications resources in this specification. + +## 5.4 High-Level use case + +### 5.4.1 Load Balancing + +#### 1. Overlapping Coverage + +In this scenario, two same size cells overlap each other. Cell A and cell B both cover the same area. The load balancing between cell A and Cell B may be considered. The load balancing could be carried out between Cell A and Cell B regardless of the UE location within the coverage of the cells. + +![Diagram of Overlapping Coverage showing two cells, Cell A and Cell B, with a shared LB Area.](cab0834804fb031b43865554cc8d06ab_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates two cells, Cell A and Cell B, on a 3D perspective plane. Cell A is an orange oval at the top, and Cell B is a blue oval at the bottom. Both cells have a dashed rectangular outline. The overlapping region between the two cells is labeled 'LB Area' and is highlighted with a red dashed oval border. Vertical dashed lines connect the corners of the cells to the plane below. + +Diagram of Overlapping Coverage showing two cells, Cell A and Cell B, with a shared LB Area. + +Figure 5.4.1-1: Overlapping Coverage + +##### **Hierarchical Coverage** + +In this scenario, two different size cells overlap each other. Cell B that has a smaller area is covered totally by cell A, which has a bigger size. The load balancing between cell A and Cell B may be considered. The load balancing could be carried out from Cell B to Cell A regardless of the UE location within the coverage of the cell B. Only UE located in the overlapping coverage could be considered in the scenario of Cell A to Cell B. + +![Diagram of Hierarchical Coverage showing Cell B inside Cell A with a shared LB Area.](4636adff5682a064f0ae5f13a1d464a6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates hierarchical coverage on a 3D perspective plane. Cell A is a large orange oval at the top, and Cell B is a smaller blue oval at the bottom. Cell B is completely contained within the area of Cell A. The overlapping region is labeled 'LB Area' and is highlighted with a dashed oval border. Vertical dashed lines connect the corners of the cells to the plane below. + +Diagram of Hierarchical Coverage showing Cell B inside Cell A with a shared LB Area. + +Figure 5.4.1-2: Hierarchical Coverage + +##### **Neighbouring Coverage** + +In this scenario, there are some overlapped area between two neighbour cell A and cell B. This is the usual neighbour cells scenario in EUTRAN. The load balancing between cell A and Cell B may be considered. Load Balancing could only be carried out for UE located in the overlapping coverage of Cell A and Cell B. + +![Diagram illustrating neighbouring coverage between Cell A and Cell B. Cell A is an orange oval on the left, and Cell B is a blue oval on the right. The overlapping area is shaded grey and labeled 'LB Area' in a box with a leader line pointing to it. The boundary of Cell B is shown with a dashed red line.](bd671b21db63e6fdb2196e9b18502aac_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating neighbouring coverage between Cell A and Cell B. Cell A is an orange oval on the left, and Cell B is a blue oval on the right. The overlapping area is shaded grey and labeled 'LB Area' in a box with a leader line pointing to it. The boundary of Cell B is shown with a dashed red line. + +Figure 5.4.1-3: Neighbouring Coverage + +### 5.4.2 Interference control + +#### 1. Uplink inter cell interference coordination + +In this scenario, cell-edge UEs like UE A and B belong to different cell, and they are assigned the same physical resource block (PRB). When they transmit uplink messages, e.g. UE A sends message to its serving cell A, its neighbour cell B may also receives it; UE B has a similar situation. Therefore, cell A cannot judge which is signal-comes from UE A, and which is interference-comes from UE B, so as cell B. In this situation, inter cell interference coordination is essential to compensate for the system performance loss and increase cell edge users' bit rate. + +![Diagram illustrating uplink inter cell interference coordination between Cell A and Cell B. Cell A is a red circle on the left, and Cell B is a black circle on the right. UE A is in Cell B, sending a 'Signal' (solid red arrow) to Cell A's base station and 'Interference' (dashed red arrow) to Cell B's base station. UE B is in Cell A, sending a 'Signal' (solid black arrow) to Cell B's base station and 'Interference' (dashed black arrow) to Cell A's base station. The base stations are represented by tower icons.](c036e2540a94b31357ceb0002f0cacab_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating uplink inter cell interference coordination between Cell A and Cell B. Cell A is a red circle on the left, and Cell B is a black circle on the right. UE A is in Cell B, sending a 'Signal' (solid red arrow) to Cell A's base station and 'Interference' (dashed red arrow) to Cell B's base station. UE B is in Cell A, sending a 'Signal' (solid black arrow) to Cell B's base station and 'Interference' (dashed black arrow) to Cell A's base station. The base stations are represented by tower icons. + +Figure 5.4.2-1: Uplink Inter Cell Interference Coordination + +#### 2. Downlink inter cell interference coordination + +In this scenario, when UE located in cell-edge area, it is much adapted to suffer downlink interference from its neighbour cell in case that there is another UE occupying the same PRB in the same region belonging to its neighbour cell. So downlink inter cell interference coordination is essential to restrain interference and increase system capacity. + +![Diagram illustrating downlink inter cell interference coordination between Cell A and Cell B. A User Equipment (UE) is located at the edge of Cell A, receiving a 'Signal' from the base station in Cell A and experiencing 'Interference' from the base station in Cell B. The UE is also receiving a 'Signal' from Cell B.](9b6b5924b48bf2fd5f347f88f06f45b3_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows two overlapping circles representing Cell A (red outline) and Cell B (black outline). A UE (User Equipment) icon is positioned at the boundary between the two cells. A solid arrow labeled 'Signal' points from the base station in Cell A to the UE. A dashed arrow labeled 'Interference' points from the base station in Cell B to the UE. Another solid arrow labeled 'Signal' points from the base station in Cell B to the UE. + +Diagram illustrating downlink inter cell interference coordination between Cell A and Cell B. A User Equipment (UE) is located at the edge of Cell A, receiving a 'Signal' from the base station in Cell A and experiencing 'Interference' from the base station in Cell B. The UE is also receiving a 'Signal' from Cell B. + +Figure 5.4.2-2: Downlink inter cell interference coordination + +### 5.4.3 Capacity and coverage optimization + +Although, it is of primary interest to provide coverage to users during a roll-out, it is equally important to enhance the capacity of the network during operation. As such, both coverage and capacity are considered in the use case and supported by the SON function. The CCO SON function should be configured through appropriate objectives and targets in order to meet the operator's requirement on coverage and capacity, and the prioritization between them. + +#### 1. E-UTRAN Coverage holes with 2G/3G coverage + +In this scenario, legacy systems, e.g. 2G/3G provide radio coverage together with E-UTRAN. However, in the first deployment stage of E-UTRAN, unsuitable planning or error parameters settings will lead to coverage holes in some area. In this scenario, there may be too many IRAT HOs. The SON use case coverage and capacity optimization should enable to detect this kind of problems on network coverage automatically. Another case similar with this is that coverage problems exist between different frequencies in E-UTRAN, i.e. inter-frequency case. For simple reasons, this case is also described here. + +![Diagram illustrating coverage holes with 2G/3G coverage. A large light blue oval represents '2G/3G/Different freq of LTE Coverage'. Below it, four smaller orange ovals represent 'Specific Freq Coverage of LTE'. A green arrow points to the gap between the two sets of coverage, labeled 'Coverage holes'.](3f1987804d7d78bc3b3bc560e974280a_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a large light blue oval at the top labeled '2G/3G/Different freq of LTE Coverage'. Below it, there are four smaller orange ovals arranged in two pairs, labeled 'Specific Freq Coverage of LTE'. A green arrow points upwards from the text 'Coverage holes' to the gap between the large oval and the smaller ovals. + +Diagram illustrating coverage holes with 2G/3G coverage. A large light blue oval represents '2G/3G/Different freq of LTE Coverage'. Below it, four smaller orange ovals represent 'Specific Freq Coverage of LTE'. A green arrow points to the gap between the two sets of coverage, labeled 'Coverage holes'. + +Figure 5.4.3-1: Coverage holes with 2G/3G coverage + +#### 2. E-UTRAN Coverage holes without any other radio coverage + +In this scenario, there is no 2G/3G coverage except E-UTRAN. In the first deployment stage of E-UTRAN, unsuitable planning or error parameters settings will lead to un-continuous coverage in some area. That will lead to many drop + +calls because of bad coverage. The SON use case coverage and capacity optimization should enable to detect this kind of problems on network coverage automatically. + +![Diagram illustrating coverage holes without any other radio coverage. Two pairs of dark blue ovals represent the radio coverage of E-UTRAN. A green arrow points upwards from the text 'Coverage holes' to the gap between the two pairs of ovals.](16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows two separate pairs of dark blue ovals, each pair representing the radio coverage of an E-UTRAN cell. A green arrow points upwards from the text 'Coverage holes' to the gap between the two pairs of ovals, indicating the area without coverage. The text 'Radio Coverage of E-UTRAN' is positioned to the right of the ovals. + +Diagram illustrating coverage holes without any other radio coverage. Two pairs of dark blue ovals represent the radio coverage of E-UTRAN. A green arrow points upwards from the text 'Coverage holes' to the gap between the two pairs of ovals. + +**Figure 5.4.3-2: Coverage holes without any other radio coverage** + +#### **3. E-UTRAN Coverage holes with isolated island cell coverage** + +In this scenario, the actual coverage area of an isolated island cell is smaller than the planned isolated island cell area. The uncovered planned cell area is the coverage holes that need to be detected and optimized by the coverage and capacity optimization. + +![Diagram illustrating coverage holes with isolated island cell coverage. A large light blue oval represents the 'Planned Isolated Island Cell of E-UTRAN'. Inside it is a smaller orange oval representing the 'Actual Isolated Island Cell of E-UTRAN'. Two green arrows point outwards from the gap between the two ovals, labeled 'Coverage holes'.](b90144cfbb81a2d610d920240fda689d_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a large light blue oval representing the 'Planned Isolated Island Cell of E-UTRAN'. Inside it is a smaller orange oval representing the 'Actual Isolated Island Cell of E-UTRAN'. Two green arrows point outwards from the gap between the two ovals, labeled 'Coverage holes', indicating the area that was planned but is not actually covered. + +Diagram illustrating coverage holes with isolated island cell coverage. A large light blue oval represents the 'Planned Isolated Island Cell of E-UTRAN'. Inside it is a smaller orange oval representing the 'Actual Isolated Island Cell of E-UTRAN'. Two green arrows point outwards from the gap between the two ovals, labeled 'Coverage holes'. + +**Figure 5.4.3-3: Coverage holes with isolated island cell coverage** + +#### **4. E-UTRAN cells with too large coverage** + +In this scenario, the operator does a gradual network evolution using LTE cells in location where higher capacity is needed. Here the actual LTE coverage is greater than the planned LTE coverage. The overflow area is shown in figure 5.4.3.4. The problem with a too large coverage is that the planned capacity may not be reached. As such, it is important to keep the coverage within the planned area. + +![Diagram illustrating the difference between actual and planned LTE coverage. It shows two concentric ellipses: an outer orange ellipse labeled 'Actual LTE coverage' and an inner yellow ellipse labeled 'Planned LTE coverage'. The areas between the two ellipses are labeled 'Overflow area' with brackets and dashed lines.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows two concentric ellipses. The outer ellipse is orange and labeled "Actual LTE coverage". The inner ellipse is yellow and labeled "Planned LTE coverage". The areas between the two ellipses are labeled "Overflow area" with brackets and dashed lines. + +Diagram illustrating the difference between actual and planned LTE coverage. It shows two concentric ellipses: an outer orange ellipse labeled 'Actual LTE coverage' and an inner yellow ellipse labeled 'Planned LTE coverage'. The areas between the two ellipses are labeled 'Overflow area' with brackets and dashed lines. + +Figure 5.4.3-4: Difference between actual and planned LTE coverage + +# 6 Specification level requirements + +## 6.1 Requirements + +### 6.1.1 Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management + +#### 6.1.1.1 Management Part + +**REQ-SO\_MM-FUN-1** IRPManager shall be able to configure objectives and targets for the self-optimization functions. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-FUN-2** For open loop, IRPManager shall be able to configure whether a confirmation is needed before the execution of optimization actions. The necessity of a confirmation will be decided case by case. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-FUN-3** For open loop, IRPManager shall be able to confirm the execution of optimization actions in case IRPManager configured a confirmation is needed. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-FUN-4** For open loop, IRPManager shall provide information to the IRPManager about the optimization actions. The necessity of this capability will be decided case by case. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-FUN-5** IRPManager shall provide information to the IRPManager about the execution result of self-optimization actions. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-FUN-6** The IRPManager shall provide information to the IRPManager about the outcome of self-optimization. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-FUN-7** IRPManager shall be able to configure the values of KPIs or performance counters which may be used to trigger the optimization function. + +**REQ-SO\_MM-FUN-8** When the IRPManager is aware of disruptive situations for the SON functionality, it shall support optimization functions in coping with them as much as possible without the need for an intervention from the IRPManager. Disruptive situations are e.g. an outage of a cell, the insertion of a new cell, deactivation of a cell etc. + +### 6.1.2 Load Balancing + +**REQ-SO\_LB-FUN-1** The IRPManager shall be able to disable/enable the load balancing function. + +**REQ-SO\_LB-FUN-2** The IRPManager shall be informed about the eNodeB load. + +**REQ-SO\_LB-FUN-3** The IRPManager shall be able to request that load balancing be allowed from source cell to target cell. + +**REQ-SO\_LB-FUN-4** The IRPManager shall be able to request that load balancing be prohibited from source cell to target cell. + +**REQ-SO\_LB-FUN-5** The IRP Agent shall inform the IRP Manager about success or failure of IRP Manager operations to allow load balancing, prohibit load balancing. + +### 6.1.3 Handover (HO) Parameter optimization + +#### 6.1.3.1 HO failure categorization + +##### 6.1.3.1.1 HO failures due to too late and too early HO triggering + +HO failures can be categorized as follows: + +- HO failures due to too late HO triggering +- HO failures due to too early HO triggering +- Failures due to HO to a wrong cell + +Consequently, the HO parameter optimisation should aim at detecting and mitigating too early HOs, too late HOs and HOs to a wrong cell. The following subsections provide the scenarios for too early HO, too late HO and HO to a wrong cell triggering leading to HO failures. + +###### 6.1.3.1.1.1 Too late HO triggering + +Example scenario for too late HO triggering is shown in Figure 6-1. If the UE mobility is more aggressive than what the HO parameter settings allow for, the HO could be triggered when the signal strength of the serving cell is already too low or may not be triggered at all if a radio link failure preempts it. The connection may be re-established on a different cell from the serving cell. This is a common scenario in areas where user mobility is very high, such as along the highways, train lines etc. + +![Figure 6-1: Too late HO triggering scenario. The diagram shows two cells, Cell A and Cell B, each with a base station and a coverage area. Cell A is on the left and Cell B is on the right. A User Equipment (UE) icon is shown moving from Cell A towards Cell B. An arrow points from the UE to a point labeled 'X' inside Cell B, indicating a radio link failure before the handover is triggered. A legend indicates 'X = radio link failure'.](aa9441a5971655a79987d70fc551b26a_img.jpg) + +Figure 6-1: Too late HO triggering scenario. The diagram shows two cells, Cell A and Cell B, each with a base station and a coverage area. Cell A is on the left and Cell B is on the right. A User Equipment (UE) icon is shown moving from Cell A towards Cell B. An arrow points from the UE to a point labeled 'X' inside Cell B, indicating a radio link failure before the handover is triggered. A legend indicates 'X = radio link failure'. + +Due to fast movement and inadequate HO parameter setting, UE leaves the source cell coverage before the HO is triggered + +**Figure 6-1 – Too late HO triggering scenario** + +###### 6.1.3.1.1.2 Too early HO triggering + +Example scenario for too early HO triggering is shown in Figure 6-2. HO can be triggered when the UE enters unintended island of coverage of the target cell inside the intended coverage area of the serving cell. When the UE exits the island of coverage of the target cell, it cannot acquire the target cell any more and the HO fails, potentially leading to a radio link failure. This is a typical scenario for areas where fragmented cell coverage is inherent to the radio propagation environment, such as dense urban areas. + +![Figure 6-2: Too early HO triggering scenarios. The diagram shows two cells, Cell A and Cell B. Cell A is on the left and Cell B is on the right. A User Equipment (UE) icon is shown moving from Cell A towards Cell B. The UE enters a dashed circle labeled 'Island of coverage of Cell B inside the coverage area of Cell A'. Inside this island, there is a red dot labeled 'HO triggering' and an 'X' labeled 'HO failure'. A legend indicates 'X = HO failure'.](9ddc2a6358c46a4717ceaed7183b6a46_img.jpg) + +Figure 6-2: Too early HO triggering scenarios. The diagram shows two cells, Cell A and Cell B. Cell A is on the left and Cell B is on the right. A User Equipment (UE) icon is shown moving from Cell A towards Cell B. The UE enters a dashed circle labeled 'Island of coverage of Cell B inside the coverage area of Cell A'. Inside this island, there is a red dot labeled 'HO triggering' and an 'X' labeled 'HO failure'. A legend indicates 'X = HO failure'. + +**Figure 6-2 – Too early HO triggering scenarios** + +###### 6.1.3.1.1.3 HO to a wrong cell + +Example scenario for HO to a wrong cell is shown in Figure 6-3. In this scenario UE is moved from cell A to cell C, but because the HO parameter not optimized and a cell A sends a wrong HO command performs a handover to cell B and then a RLF happens. After that UE re-establishes connection with cell C. + +![Diagram illustrating a handover to a wrong cell scenario. A User Equipment (UE) is shown moving from Cell A towards Cell C. Cell A initiates a handover to Cell B, which results in a radio link failure (RLF) because the UE is not in Cell B's coverage area. The UE then re-establishes a connection with Cell C. A legend indicates that a red dot represents an HO triggering and an 'X' represents a radio link failure. A text label points to the RLF point, stating 'Radio link failure due to improper HO parameter setting between cell A and cell B'.](898fb89a50d9ec1dfb4e425c816976a7_img.jpg) + +● = HO triggering +X = radio link failure + +Cell A + +Cell B + +Cell C + +Radio link failure due to improper HO parameter setting between cell A and cell B + +Diagram illustrating a handover to a wrong cell scenario. A User Equipment (UE) is shown moving from Cell A towards Cell C. Cell A initiates a handover to Cell B, which results in a radio link failure (RLF) because the UE is not in Cell B's coverage area. The UE then re-establishes a connection with Cell C. A legend indicates that a red dot represents an HO triggering and an 'X' represents a radio link failure. A text label points to the RLF point, stating 'Radio link failure due to improper HO parameter setting between cell A and cell B'. + +Figure 6-3 –HO to a wrong cell scenarios + +#### 6.1.3.2 Reducing inefficient use of network resources due to unnecessary HOs + +HO procedure is resource-consuming and therefore costly to the network operator. Sometimes, the combination of user mobility patterns and cell coverage boundary layout can generate frequent unnecessary HOs that consume NW resources inefficiently. This scenario is illustrated in Figure 6-4a. HO parameter optimisation function should aim at detecting such scenarios. These scenarios sometimes can be remedied by HO parameter optimisation, as illustrated in Figure 6-4b. Since the goal of reducing unnecessary HOs can sometimes be opposed to the goal of reducing the number of HO failures, operators should be able to set the tradeoff point. + +![Diagram illustrating frequent handovers (HOs) causing inefficient use of network resources. A User Equipment (UE) is shown moving from Cell A towards Cell B. The UE triggers multiple handovers (indicated by red dots) between Cell A and Cell B, resulting in inefficient use of network resources. A legend indicates that a red dot represents an HO triggering.](04f51626e2e10a16e3eb2c4b33cb2742_img.jpg) + +Cell A + +● = HO triggering + +Cell B + +Diagram illustrating frequent handovers (HOs) causing inefficient use of network resources. A User Equipment (UE) is shown moving from Cell A towards Cell B. The UE triggers multiple handovers (indicated by red dots) between Cell A and Cell B, resulting in inefficient use of network resources. A legend indicates that a red dot represents an HO triggering. + +Figure 6-4a – Frequent HOs cause inefficient use of NW resources + +![Diagram illustrating HO parameter adjustment preventing frequent HOs. It shows two cells, Cell A and Cell B, with overlapping coverage areas. A mobile device is shown moving from Cell A towards Cell B. Arrows indicate handovers (HOs) that are not triggered due to HO parameter adjustment, preventing frequent HOs.](81a4cbf0b3c4cbc065efdf8f800dadde_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows two cells, Cell A and Cell B, each with its own coverage area represented by an oval. Cell A is on the left and Cell B is on the right. A mobile device icon is shown within Cell A's coverage area, with an arrow pointing towards Cell B. Another arrow points from the text 'HOs not triggered due to HO parameter adjustment' to the overlapping region between the two cells, indicating that the adjustment prevents unnecessary handovers in this area. + +Diagram illustrating HO parameter adjustment preventing frequent HOs. It shows two cells, Cell A and Cell B, with overlapping coverage areas. A mobile device is shown moving from Cell A towards Cell B. Arrows indicate handovers (HOs) that are not triggered due to HO parameter adjustment, preventing frequent HOs. + +**Figure 6-4b – HO parameter adjustment prevents frequent HOs** + +Additionally, incorrect cell reselection parameters setting may result unwanted handover right after RRC connection setup, HO parameter optimization function should also aim at detecting misalignment between cell reselection parameters and handover parameters setting and adjust the parameters to avoid such scenarios. + +#### 6.1.3.3 Requirements + +**REQ-SO\_HO-FUN-1** HO parameter optimisation function shall aim at detecting too early handover, too late handover and handover to a wrong cell. + +**REQ-SO\_HO-FUN-2** HO parameter optimisation function shall aim at detecting inefficient use of network resources due to unnecessary HOs. + +**REQ-SO\_HO-FUN-3** HO parameter optimisation function shall aim at meeting the objectives and targets for the HO optimisation function + +**REQ-SO\_HO-FUN-4** The objectives for the HO parameter optimisation function shall reflect the desired tradeoff between the reduction in the number of HO related failures and the reduction of inefficient use of network resources due to HOs. + +**REQ-SO\_HO-FUN-5** The IRPManager shall be able to disable/enable the HO parameter optimization function. + +### 6.1.4 Interference control + +**REQ-SO\_IC-FUN-1** The IRPManager shall be able to disable/enable the Interference Control function. + +**REQ-SO\_IC-FUN-2** The IRPManager shall be able to request that ICIC be allowed from source cell to target cell. + +**REQ-SO\_IC-FUN-3** The IRPManager shall be able to request that ICIC be prohibited from source cell to target cell. + +**REQ-SO\_IC-FUN-4** An IRPAgent shall inform the IRPManager about success or failure of IRPManager operations to allow ICIC, prohibit ICIC. + +### 6.1.5 Capacity and coverage optimization + +**REQ-SO\_CC-FUN-1** Performance measurements with geographical binning may be used as inputs into the coverage and capacity optimisation function. + +**REQ-SO\_CC-FUN-2** CCO function shall aim at providing optimal capacity and coverage for the radio network while considering the tradeoff between capacity and coverage. + +**REQ-SO\_CC-FUN-3** The IRPAgent shall support a capability allowing the IRPManager to enable or disable the CCO function. + +### 6.1.6 RACH optimization + +**REQ-SO\_RO-FUN-1** The IRPAgent shall support enabling and disabling the RACH optimization function. + +### 6.1.7 SON Coordination + +The following requirements apply when the SON coordination function is in NM layer. + +**REQ-SON\_COORD-FUN-1** The IRP Agent shall provide the capability to inform the IRP Manager whether a SON function is activated or not. + +**REQ-SON\_COORD-FUN-2** The IRP Agent shall provide the capability to inform the IRP Manager about which SON functions modified configuration parameter(s). + +**REQ-SON\_COORD-FUN-3** The IRP Agent should provide the capability to inform the IRP Manager about the time duration how long the configuration parameter(s) should not be modified. + +**REQ-SON\_COORD-FUN-4** The IRP Agent should provide the capability to inform the IRP Manager about the SON targets which are the justification for the configuration change. + +The following requirements apply when the SON coordination function is below Itf-N. + +**REQ-SON\_COORD-FUN-5** The IRP Agent should provide a capability to allow the IRP Manager to configure the priority of SON functions in case of conflicts. + +**REQ-SON\_COORD-FUN-6** The IRP Agent shall provide the capability for the IRP Manager to be informed when the SON coordination function could not resolve a conflict. This information should include the involved SON functions, the involved configuration parameters and/or the involved SON targets. + +## 6.2 Actor roles + +No new actor. + +## 6.3 Telecommunications Resources + +No new telecommunications resources. + +## 6.4 Use case + +### 6.4.1 Use case Self-Optimization Monitoring and Management + +| Use Case Stage | Evolution / Specification | <>
Related use | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Goal (*) | Optimize the system in an automated manner. | | +| Actors and Roles (*) | IRPManager as user | | +| Telecom resources | The E-UTRAN/EPC network including its management system. | | +| Assumptions | The network is properly installed and running. | | +| Pre conditions | The self-optimization objectives and targets have been set by operators | | +| Begins when | Based on the monitored input parameters (KPIs, Alarms, etc.), targets for the objectives defined for the self-optimization functions are not met. | | +| Step 1 (*) (M O) |

The order of the bullet points in the list below does not imply any statements on the order of execution.

  • [SO1] The input parameters (KPIs, Alarms, etc.) are monitored continuously.
  • [SO2] When the monitored parameters do not meet the optimization targets, the optimization function is triggered.
  • [SO3] Optimisation function proposes corrective actions.
  • [SO4] Operator may confirm the execution/activation of the proposed actions if needed.
  • [SO5] Corrective actions are executed.
  • [SO6] Optimisation function monitors system status for a certain pre-defined monitoring time period.
  • [SO7] The configuration prior to the corrective action is memorised if needed.
  • [SO8] If the system status is satisfactory during the monitoring time period, then go to [SO1].
  • [SO9] Operator may confirm if fallback is needed.
  • [SO10] Fallback is executed.
  • [SO11] The operator is informed about the progress and important events occurring during the self-optimization process.
| | +| Step n (M O) | | | +| Ends when (*) | Ends when all steps identified above are successfully completed or when an exception occurs. | | +| Exceptions | One of the steps identified above fails and retry is unsuccessful.. | | +| Post Conditions | System is operating normally. | | +| Traceability (*) | REQ-SO_MM-FUN-1, REQ-SO_MM-FUN-2, REQ-SO_MM-FUN-3, REQ-SO_MM-FUN-4, REQ-SO_MM-FUN-5, REQ-SO_MM-FUN-6 | | + +### 6.4.2 Use case Load Balancing Allowed/Prohibited Management + +| Use Case Stage | Evolution / Specification | <>
Related use | +|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Goal (*) | The load balancing (LB) can be allowed/prohibited from a source cell to a target cell by the IRPManager. | | +| Actors and Roles (*) | IRPManager as user | | +| Telecom resources | The E-UTRAN/EPC network including its OSS. | | +| Assumptions | There is operator's policy for LB allowing/prohibiting management. For example:
LB from the higher priority cell to the lower priority cell is allowed; reverse is prohibited.
LB between an eNB cell and another eNB cell which belongs to another unwanted PLMN is prohibited. | | +| Pre conditions | The network is operational. | | +| Begins when | | | +| Step 1 (*) (M) | The IRPManager makes a decision to allow/prohibit LB from a source cell to a target cell:
According to operator's policy, or
According to some information got in run time. For example:
LB would always fail between some particular cells in case of some inappropriate parameters setting. In that situation, the LB function located at eNB may make a decision to prohibit LB between these particular cells and notify this information to the IRPManager.
After the CM parameters adjusting, the LB between those cells may be allowed again based on the good values of relative PM counters. | | +| Step 2 (*) (M) | The IRPManager is instructed by the IRPManager to allow/prohibit LB from the source cell to the target cell. | | +| Step 3 (*) (M) | The LB is allowed / prohibited from the source cell to the target cell by the corresponding eNB(s). | | +| Step 4 (*) (M) | Reporting of the allowing/prohibiting LB operation result to the IRPManager. | | +| Ends when (*) | Ends when all steps identified above are completed or when an exception occurs. | | +| Exceptions | One of the steps identified above fails and retry is unsuccessful. | | +| Post Conditions | The LB is allowed/prohibited from a source cell to a target cell successfully or unsuccessfully. | | +| Traceability (*) | REQ-SO_LB-FUN-3, REQ-SO_LB-FUN-4, REQ-SO_LB-FUN-5 | | + +# 7 Functions and Architecture + +## 7.1 Self-Optimization Logical Architecture + +The lines between the functional blocks do not indicate specific 3GPP interfaces. + +For the abbreviations used, please see the headlines of clause 3. + +![Diagram of Self-Optimization Logical Architecture](5132b3a97ac70fe4765c1e07e66b72b3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Self-Optimization Logical Architecture. At the top, an 'Actor' is connected via a double-headed vertical arrow to a green rectangular block labeled 'SO\_MMF'. Below this block is a horizontal line. Underneath the line, five orange rectangular blocks are arranged horizontally: 'SO\_MON\_F', 'TG\_F', 'O\_FB\_F', 'SO\_PGS\_UF', and 'NRM\_UF'. Each of these blocks is connected to the horizontal line above it by a double-headed vertical arrow. Below each of these five blocks is another orange rectangular block, also connected by a double-headed vertical arrow. These bottom blocks are labeled 'LB\_F', 'IC\_F', 'CC\_F', 'RACH\_', and 'HO\_F' from left to right. + +Diagram of Self-Optimization Logical Architecture + +## 7.2 Self-Optimization Reference Model + +The SO\_MMF has a part located in the EM and a part located at the NM. + +For the abbreviations used, please refer to clause 3. + +![Diagram of Self-Optimization Reference Model](a3953dce8dbd7ef15d61a314dbef2cf9_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Self-Optimization Reference Model. At the top is a green rectangular block labeled 'SO\_MMF\_NM (IRPManager)'. Below this block is a horizontal red line, with the label 'Itf-N' to its right. Below the red line is another green rectangular block labeled 'SO\_MMF\_EM (IRPAgent)'. Below this block is a horizontal line. Underneath the line, five orange rectangular blocks are arranged horizontally: 'SO\_MON\_F', 'TG\_F', 'O\_FB\_F', 'SO\_PGS\_UF', and 'NRM\_UF'. Each of these blocks is connected to the horizontal line above it by a double-headed vertical arrow. Below each of these five blocks is another orange rectangular block, also connected by a double-headed vertical arrow. These bottom blocks are labeled 'LB\_F', 'IC\_F', 'CC\_F', 'RACH\_', and 'HO\_F' from left to right. + +Diagram of Self-Optimization Reference Model + +# --- Annex A (informative): Steps for SON self-optimization Technical Specifications + +The TSs for SON self-optimization shall follow the steps below. + +## 1. Goal + + + +## 2. Problem Scenarios + +The problem scenarios need to be optimized under the goal. This part may contain multiple problem scenarios + + + + + +## 3. Parameters to be Optimized + +The list of parameters needs to be optimized to resolve the problems under the goal. The parameters listed here are the overall parameters need to be optimized; it does not imply that all of the parameters are required to be open over Itf-N. + + + +## 4. Architecture and Responsibilities + +The suitable architecture to optimize the parameters above, it can be centralized, distributed or hybrid SON architectures. + +And based on the architecture, the clear split of the responsibilities among NM, EM and NE should be stated here. This will result in the work split among 3GPP WGs. + +## 5. Performance Measurements and NRMs + +### Performance measurements: + +List of the performance measurements which are required via Itf-N to recognize the problem scenarios, and to monitor the result of self-optimization, based on the selected architecture and responsibilities. + +This part only includes the descriptions for the performance measurements, and the detailed definitions will be defined in TS 32.425/32.426. + + + + + +### NRMs: + +The parameters need to be modeled in NRM, to support the optimizations required over Itf-N according to the selected architecture and split responsibilities. + + + +# Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Jun 2009 | SA#44 | SP-090303 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information | - | 1.0.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA#47 | SP-100052 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Approval | 1.0.0 | 2.0.0 | +| Mar 2010 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication of SA approved version | 2.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SA#49 | SP-100490 | 001 | -- | Introducing coverage in the Capacity and Coverage Optimisation function | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SA#49 | SP-100490 | 002 | -- | Add missing requirement for SON coordination | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SA#50 | SP-100748 | 003 | 1 | Add requirements for Capacity and Coverage Optimization (CCO) | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Sep-2012 | SA#57 | SP-120567 | 006 | 3 | Add SON coordination concept description | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Dec-2012 | SA#58 | SP-120782 | 009 | - | Correction on TS-family members in introduction | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| | | SP-120791 | 010 | 1 | Add requirements for SON coordination | | | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32526/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32526/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3178eec01fa55a2abc4020d38c762b1e3e8aafae --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32526/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1145 @@ + + + + +Error! No +text of + +Error! No text of specified style in +document. + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Solution Set definitions..... | 7 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 8 | +| A.1 Architectural Features..... | 8 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names and Versions..... | 8 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 8 | +| A.2.1 General mapping ..... | 8 | +| A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 8 | +| A.2.2.1 IOC SONTargets ..... | 8 | +| A.2.2.2 IOC SONControl ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.3 IOC ESPolicies ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.4 IOC EUTranCellSON ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.5 Void ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.6 IOC EnergySavingProperties ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.7 IOC InterRatEsPolicies ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.8 IOC SONFuncInfo..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.9 IOC SONCoordinationPolicies ..... | 10 | +| A.3 Solution Set definitions..... | 10 | +| A.3.1 IDL definition structure..... | 10 | +| A.3.2 IDL specification “SONPolicyNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl”..... | 11 | +| Annex B (normative): XML definitions..... | 15 | +| B.1 Architectural features..... | 15 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 15 | +| B.2 Mapping ..... | 15 | +| B.2.1 General mapping ..... | 15 | +| B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 15 | +| B.3 Solution Set definitions..... | 16 | +| B.3.1 XML definition structure ..... | 16 | +| B.3.2 XML Schema “sonPolicyNrm.xsd”..... | 16 | +| Annex C (informative): Change history..... | 22 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.521: Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements +- 32.522: Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS) +- 32.526: Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions** + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the Solution Set definitions for the IRP whose semantics is specified in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4] SON Policy Network Resource Model IRP: Information Service (IS). + +This Solution Set definitions specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.522 V11.7.X [4]. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.522: "Telecommunication management; Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.616: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.606: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [7] W3C REC-xml-20001006: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)". +- [8] W3C REC-xmlschema-0-20010502: "XML Schema Part 0: Primer". +- [9] W3C REC-xmlschema-1-20010502: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures". +- [10] W3C REC-xmlschema-2-20010502: "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes". +- [11] W3C REC-xml-names-19990114: "Namespaces in XML". +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.316: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +# 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3] and TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any6, in 3GPP TS 32.22 [4], 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3] and TR 21.905 [1], in that order. + +**XML file:** file containing an XML document + +**XML document:** composed of the succession of an optional XML declaration followed by a root XML element + +NOTE 1: See [7]; in the scope of the present document. + +**XML declaration:** it specifies the version of XML being used + +NOTE 2: See [7]. + +**XML element:** has a type, is identified by a name, may have a set of XML attribute specifications and is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag followed by the XML content of the XML element followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag; each XML element may contain other XML elements + +NOTE 3: See [7]. + +**empty XML element:** having an empty XML content; an empty XML element still possibly has a set of XML attribute specifications; an empty XML element is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag directly followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag + +NOTE 4: See [7]. + +**XML content (of an XML element):** empty if the XML element is simply composed of an XML empty-element tag; otherwise the part, possibly empty, of the XML element between its XML start-tag and its XML end-tag + +**XML start-tag:** the beginning of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML start-tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element + +NOTE 5: See [7]. + +**XML end-tag:** the end of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML end-tag containing the name of the XML element + +NOTE 6: See [7]. + +**XML empty-element tag:** composed simply of an empty-element tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element + +NOTE 7: See [7]. + +**XML attribute specification:** has a name and a value + +NOTE 8: See [7]. + +**DTD:** defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to be valid with regard to this DTD + +NOTE 9: See [7]. + +**XML schema:** more powerful than a DTD, an XML schema defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to conform with this XML schema; through the use of XML namespaces several XML schemas can be used together by a single XML document; an XML schema is itself also an XML document that shall conform with the XML schema for XML schemas + +NOTE 10: See [8], [9] and [10]. + +**XML namespace:** enables qualifying element and attribute names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by different XML schemas + +NOTE 11:See [11], in the scope of the present document. + +**XML complex type:** defined in an XML schema; cannot be directly used in an XML document; can be the concrete type or the derivation base type for an XML element type or for another XML complex type; ultimately defines constraints for an XML element on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content + +NOTE 12:See [8], [9] and [10]. + +**XML element type:** declared by an XML schema; can be directly used in an XML document; as the concrete type of an XML element, directly or indirectly defines constraints on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content; can also be the concrete type or the derivation base type for another XML element type + +NOTE 13:See [8], [9] and [10]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1], 3GPP TS 32.522 [4] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4], 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3] and TR 21.905 [1], in that order. + +| | | +|--------|-------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DTD | Document Type Definition | +| eNodeB | evolved NodeB | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language (OMG) | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| SS | Solution Set | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# --- 4 Solution Set definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP SON Policy NRM IRP Solution Set definitions: + +- 3GPP SON Policy NRM IRP CORBA SS (see Annex A) +- 3GPP SON Policy NRM IRP XML definitions (see Annex B) + +# Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in SON Policy NRM IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.522 [4]). + +## A.1 Architectural Features + +The overall architectural feature of CS IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4]. + +This clause specifies features that are specific to the CORBA SS. + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names and Versions + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [12]. + +## A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 General mapping + +Attributes modelling associations as defined in the NRM (here also called "reference attributes") are in this SS mapped to attributes. The names of the reference attributes in the NRM are mapped to the corresponding attribute names in the MOC. When the cardinality for an association is 0..1 or 1..1 the datatype for the reference attribute is defined as an MOReference. The value of an MO reference contains the distinguished name of the associated MO. When the cardinality for an association allows more than one referred MO, the reference attribute will be of type MOReferenceSet, which contains a sequence of MO references. + +### A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +#### A.2.2.1 IOC SONTargets + +| Attribute of IOC SONTargets in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| hoFailureRate | hoFailureRate | GenericSONPolicyNRMAttribute Types:: HooTarget | O *) | M | M | +| rrcConnection EstablishmentFailure RateCharacteristic | rrcConnection EstablishmentFailure RateCharacteristic | GenericSONPolicyNRMAttribute Types: CacTargetLink | O *) | M | M | +| rrcConnection AbnormalReleaseRate Characteristic | rrcConnection AbnormalReleaseRate Characteristic | GenericSONPolicyNRMAttribute Types: CacTargetLink | O *) | M | M | +| eRabSetupFailure RateCharacteristic | eRabSetupFailure RateCharacteristic | GenericSONPolicyNRMAttribute Types: CacTargetLink | O *) | M | M | +| eRabAbnormalRelease RateCharacteristic | eRabAbnormalRelease RateCharacteristic | GenericSONPolicyNRMAttribute Types: CacTargetLink | O *) | M | M | +| rachOptAccessProbability | rachOptAccessProbability | GenericSONPolicyNRMAttribute Types: AccessProbabilityROTargetSet | CM **) | M | M | +| rachOptAccessDelayProbability | rachOptAccessDelayProbability | GenericSONPolicyNRMAttribute Types: AccessDelayProbabilityROTargetSet | CM **) | M | M | + +\*) NOTE 1: At least one of the attributes shall be supported. +\*\*) NOTE 2: Only one of these attributes shall be present. + +#### A.2.2.2 IOC SONControl + +| Attribute of IOC SONTargets in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|---------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| hooSwitch | hooSwitch | boolean | CM | M | M | +| lboSwitch | lboSwitch | boolean | CM | M | M | +| cocSwitch | cocSwitch | boolean | CM | M | M | +| esSwitch | esSwitch | boolean | CM | M | M | +| roSwitch | roSwitch | boolean | CM | M | M | +| NOTE: For all conditional qualifiers, see attribute constraints in TS 32.522 [4]. | | | | | | + +#### A.2.2.3 IOC ESPolicies + +| Attribute of IOC SONTargets in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| esActivationOriginalCellLoadParameters | esActivationOriginalCellLoadParameters | CellLoadParameters | O | M | M | +| esActivationCandidateCellsLoadParameters | esActivationCandidateCellsLoadParameters | CellLoadParameters | O | M | M | +| esDeactivationCandidateCellsLoadParameters | esDeactivationCandidateCellsLoadParameters | CellLoadParameters | O | M | M | +| esNotAllowedTimePeriod | esNotAllowedTimePeriod | ESNotAllowedTimePeriod | O | M | M | + +#### A.2.2.4 IOC EUTranCellSON + +| Attribute of IOC SONTargets in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| maximumDeviationHoTrigger | maximumDeviationHoTrigger | GenericSONPolicyNR
MAttributeTypes::
MaximumDeviationHo
TriggerType | CM | M | M | +| minimumTimeBetweenHoTriggerChange | minimumTimeBetweenHoTriggerChange | GenericSONPolicyNR
MAttributeTypes::
MinimumTimeBetween
HoTriggerChangeTy
pe | CM | M | M | + +#### A.2.2.5 Void + +#### A.2.2.6 IOC EnergySavingProperties + +| Attribute of IOC EnergySavingProperties in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| energySavingState | energySavingState | GenericSONPolicyNRMAAttributeTypes::EnergySavingStateEnumType | M | M | - | +| energySavingControl | energySavingControl | GenericSONPolicyNRMAAttributeTypes::EnergySavingControlEnumType | CM | M | M | +| isProbingCapable | isProbingCapable | Boolean | O | M | - | + +#### A.2.2.7 IOC InterRatEsPolicies + +| Attribute of IOC SONTargets in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|----------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| interRatEsActivationOriginalCellParameters | interRatEsActivationOriginalCellParameters | RelativeCellLoadParameters | CM | M | M | +| interRatEsActivationCandidateCellParameters | interRatEsActivationCandidateCellParameters | RelativeCellLoadParameters | CM | M | M | +| interRatEsDeactivationCandidateCellParameters | interRatEsDeactivationCandidateCellParameters | RelativeCellLoadParameters | CM | M | M | + +#### A.2.2.8 IOC SONFuncInfo + +| Attribute of IOC SONFuncInfo in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| sonFuncCapabilityBelowItfN | sonFuncCapabilityBelowItfN | GenericSONPolicyNRMAAttributeTypes::SonFuncNameListType | M | M | - | + +#### A.2.2.9 IOC SONCoordinationPolicies + +| Attribute of IOC SONCoordinationPolicies in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| selectedSonCoordPolicy | selectedSonCoordPolicy | GenericSONPolicyNRMAAttributeTypes::SonCoordPoliciesType | CM | M | M | +| sonFuncPriorityOrder | sonFuncPriorityOrder | GenericSONPolicyNRMAAttributeTypes::SonFuncNameListType | CM | M | M | + +## A.3 Solution Set definitions + +### A.3.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.3.2 defines the constants and types used by the SON Policy NRM IRP. + +### A.3.2 IDL specification “SONPolicyNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl” + +``` + +//File:SONPolicyNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl +#ifndef _SONPOLICYNETWORKRESOURCESNRMDEFS_IDL_ +#define _SONPOLICYNETWORKRESOURCESNRMDEFS_IDL_ +#include "GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl" +#include "TimeBase.idl" +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" +/** + * This module defines constants for each MO class name and + * the attribute names for each defined MO class. + */ +module SONPolicyNetworkResourcesNRMDefs +{ + /* + * Definitions for MO class SONTargets + */ + interface SONTargets: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "SONTargets"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id = "id"; + const string hoFailureRate = "hoFailureRate"; + const string rrcConnectionEstablishmentFailureRateCharacteristic = +"rrcConnectionEstablishmentFailureRateCharacteristic"; + const string rrcConnectionAbnormalReleaseRateCharacteristic = +"rrcConnectionAbnormalReleaseRateCharacteristic"; + const string eRabSetupFailureRateCharacteristic = "eRabSetupFailureRateCharacteristic"; + const string eRabAbnormalReleaseRateCharacteristic = +"eRabAbnormalReleaseRateCharacteristic"; + const string rachOptAccessProbability = "rachOptAccessProbability"; + const string rachOptAccessDelayProbability = "rachOptAccessDelayProbability"; + }; + + /* + * Definitions for MO class SONControl + */ + interface SONControl: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "SONControl"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id = "id"; + const string hooSwitch = "hooSwitch"; + const string lboSwitch = "lboSwitch"; + const string cocSwitch = "cocSwitch"; + const string esSwitch = "esSwitch"; + const string roSwitch = "roSwitch"; + }; + + /* + * Definitions for MO class ESPolicies + */ + interface ESPolicies: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "ESPolicies"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id = "id"; + const string esActivationOriginalCellLoadParameters = +"esActivationOriginalCellLoadParameters"; + const string esActivationCandidateCellsLoadParameters = +"esActivationCandidateCellsLoadParameters"; + const string esDeactivationCandidateCellsLoadParameters = +"esDeactivationCandidateCellsLoadParameters"; + + const string esNotAllowedTimePeriod = "esNotAllowedTimePeriod"; + }; + + /* + * Definitions for MO class InterRatEsPolicies + */ + interface ESPolicies: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "InterRatEsPolicies"; + }; +} + +``` + +``` + // Attribute Names + // + const string id = "id"; + const string interRatEsActivationOriginalCellParameters = + "interRatEsCellActivationOriginalCell Parameters"; + const string interRatEsActivationCandidateCellParameters = + "interRatEsActivationCandidateCellParameters"; + const string interRatEsDeactivationCandidateCellParameters = + "interRatEsDeactivationCandidateCellParameters"; + + /* + * Definitions for MO class EUtranCellSON + */ + interface EUtranCellSON: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "EUtranCellSON"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id = "id"; + const string maximumDeviationHoTrigger = "maximumDeviationHoTrigger"; + const string minimumTimeBetweenHoTriggerChange = "minimumTimeBetweenHoTriggerChange"; + }; + + /* + * Definitions for MO class EnergySavingProperties + */ + interface EnergySavingProperties: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "EnergySavingProperties"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id = "id"; + const string energySavingState= "energySavingState"; + const string energySavingControl= "energySavingControl"; + const string isProbingCapable = "isProbingCapable"; + }; + + /* + * Definitions for MO class SONFuncInfo + */ + interface SONFuncInfo: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "SONFuncInfo"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id = "id"; + const string sonFuncCapabilityBelowItfN = "sonFuncCapabilityBelowItfN"; + }; + + /* + * Definitions for MO class SONCoordinationPolicies + */ + interface SONCoordinationPolicies: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string id = "id"; + const string CLASS = "SONCoordinationPolicies"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string selectedSonCoordPolicy = "selectedSonCoordPolicy"; + const string sonFuncPriorityOrder = "sonFuncPriorityOrder"; + }; + +}; + +module GenericSONPolicyNRMAttributeTypes +{ + /* + * Composite Availble Capacity (CAC)target type related to RRC/eRAB setup + */ + struct CacTarget + { + unsigned short lower_end_of_cac_range; + unsigned short upper_end_of_cac_range; + unsigned short target_value; + }; +}; +``` + +----- + +----- + +``` + unsigned short target_weight; + }; + typedef sequence CacTargetList; + + struct CacTargetLink + { + CacTargetList uplink_cac_target; + CacTargetList downlink_cac_target; + }; + + /* + * HOO target type + */ + struct HooTarget + { + unsigned short target_value; + unsigned short target_priority; + }; + typedef sequence HooTargetList; + + /* + * Cell load parameters type related to energy saving + */ + struct CellLoadParameters + { + unsigned short load_threshold; + unsigned short time_duration; + }; + /* + + /* + * Cell load parameters type related to energy saving + */ + struct RelativeCellLoadParameters + { + unsigned short relative_load_threshold; + unsigned short time_duration; + }; + /* + + typedef TimeBase::UtcT UTCTime; + struct PeriodOfDay + { + UTCTime start_time; + UTCTime end_time; + }; + enum WeekDayType + { + MONDAY, + TUESDAY, + WEDNESDAY, + THURSDAY, + FRIDAY, + SATURDAY, + SUNDAY + }; + typedef sequence DaysOfWeek; + struct TimePeriodElement + { + DaysOfWeek days; + PeriodOfDay period_of_day; + }; + + typedef sequence ESNotAllowedTimePeriod; + + * Rach Optimization target type + */ + enum ROTargetType + { + RO_ACCESS_PROBABILITY, + RO_ACCESS_DELAY_PROBABILITY + }; + + enum ROProbability + { + 25percent, + ... 50percent, + }; +} +``` + +``` + 75percent, + 90percent +}; + +typedef unsigned short (10..560) AccessDelayRange; +typedef unsigned short (1..200) AccessNumberAttemptRange; + +struct accessProbabilityROTarget +{ + ROProbability rOProbability; + AccessNumberAttemptRange attemptNumber; +}; + +struct accessDelayProbabilityROTarget +{ + ROProbability rOProbability; + AccessDelayRange accessDelay; +}; + +typedef sequence AccessProbabilityROTargetSet; +typedef sequence AccessDelayProbabilityROTargetSet; + +union RachOptTarget switch (ROTargetType) +{ + case RO_ACCESS_PROBABILITY: AccessProbabilityROTargetSet aPTargets; + case RO_ACCESS_DELAY_PROBABILITY: AccessDelayProbabilityROTargetSet aDPTargets; +}; + +typedef unsigned short (1..96) MaximumDeviationHoTriggerType; + +typedef unsigned short (0..1440) MinimumTimeBetweenHoTriggerChangeType; + +enum energySavingStateEnumType +{ + isEnergySaving, + isNotEnergySaving +}; + +enum energySavingControlEnumType +{ + toBeEnergySaving, + toBeNotEnergySaving +}; + +enum SonFuncNameType +{ + anr, + hoo, + lbo, + es, + coc, + cco +}; + +typedef sequence SonFuncNameListType; + +enum SonCoordPoliciesType +{ + baseOnPriority, + baseOnState +}; + +}; +#endif // _SONPOLICYNETWORKRESOURCESNRDEFS_IDL_ +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): XML definitions + +The annex specifies the XML definitions for the SON Policy NRM IRP as it applies to Itf-N, in accordance with SON NRM IRP IS definitions [4]. + +An application of these XML definitions is to build a configuration file for transfer with the Bulk CM IRP using either CORBA Solution Set or the SOAP Solution Set of 3GPP TS 32.616 [5]. For this annex, the basic part of the XML file format definition is provided by 3GPP TS 32.616 [5]. + +Other applications of these XML definitions are the SOAP solution sets of other IRPs that perform operations on managed objects, for example the Basic CM IRP SOAP SS of 3GPP TS 32.606 [6]. + +## --- B.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of SON Policy Network Resource Model IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the XML definitions. + +The XML definitions of this document specify the schema for a configuration content. + +When using the XML definitions for a configuration file transfer with the Bulk CM IRP, using either CORBA Solution Set or SOAP Solution Set of 3GPP TS 32.616 [5], the basic part of the XML file format definition is provided by 3GPP TS 32.616 [5]. The XML definitions of this document provide the schema for the configuration content to be included in such a configuration file. + +When using the XML definitions with a SOAP solution set of any interface IRP that perform operations on managed objects, for example the Basic CM IRP SOAP SS of 3GPP TS 32.606 [6], the XML definitions of this document provides the schema for the configuration content operated on by the interface IRP. Such configuration content can be name of managed object and, if applicable, IOC attributes. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [12]. + +## --- B.2 Mapping + +### B.2.1 General mapping + +An IOC maps to an XML element of the same name as the IOC's name in the IS. An IOC attribute maps to a sub-element of the corresponding IOC's XML element, and the name of this sub-element is the same as the attribute's name in the IS. + +### B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +The overall description of the file format of configuration data XML files is provided by 3GPP TS 32.616 [5]. + +Annex A of the present document defines the NRM-specific XML schema `sonPolicyNrm.xsd` for the SON Policy NRM IRP IS defined in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4]. + +XML schema `sonPolicyNrm.xsd` explicitly declares NRM-specific XML element types for the related NRM. + +The definition of those NRM-specific XML element types complies with the generic mapping rules defined in 3GPP TS 32.616 [5]. + +## B.3 Solution Set definitions + +### B.3.1 XML definition structure + +Clause B.3.2 provides XML definitions of SON Policy NRM IRP IOCs as defined in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4]. + +### B.3.2 XML Schema “sonPolicyNrm.xsd” + +The following XML schema sonPolicyNrm.xsd is the NRM-specific schema for the SON Policy Network Resource Model IRP NRM defined in 3GPP TS 32.522 [4]: + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Ca t | Old | New | +| 2010-12 | SP-50 | SP-100767 | | | Submitted to SA#50 for Information and Approval | | 0.0.1 | 1.0.0 | +| 2011-01 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication of SA approved version | -- | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 001 | - | Correcting the support qualifiers of SONControl attributes - Align with 32.522 SON NRM IRP Information Service | F | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110100 | 002 | 1 | Network Resource Model (NRM) for Energy Saving Management (ESM) Policies and Switch - Align with 32.522 SON NRM IRP Information Service | F | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110098 | 003 | 2 | Introducing RACH optimization management - Align with updated 32.522 | B | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110097 | 005 | - | Add a new attribute into SONControl object class to switch on/off Cell Outage Compensation | B | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 2011-06 | SP-52 | SP-110284 | 007 | 1 | Finalization of Rel-10 SON functionalities to align with IS | B | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 2011-06 | SP-52 | SP-110284 | 008 | - | Corrections on solution sets definitions | F | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 2011-06 | SP-52 | SP-110284 | 009 | 2 | Add parameters to control Mobility Robustness Optimization | B | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 2011-12 | SP-54 | SP-110721 | 011 | 1 | Correction MRO management of HO Trigger | A | 10.2.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2012-06 | SP-56 | SP-120371 | 016 | 3 | Add time period configuration to allow inter-RAT energy saving – Align with 32.522 | B | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 2012-09 | SP-57 | SP-120645 | 019 | 1 | Remove Inter-RAT ES restriction for esAllowedTimePeriod (align with 32.522) | C | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | +| 2012-09 | SP-57 | SP-120573 | 023 | - | Add support for Inter-RAT Energy Saving Management | B | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | +| 2012-12 | SP-58 | SP-120800 | 026 | 2 | Add load threshold parameters to inter-RAT energy saving policy -Align with 32.522 | B | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | +| | | SP-120783 | 028 | 2 | Addition of information on probing to Energy Saving | B | | | +| 2013-03 | SP-59 | SP-130056 | 024 | 2 | SON Coordination NRMs | B | 11.3.0 | 11.4.0 | +| | | SP-130048 | 029 | - | Corrections of XML schema compilation errors | F | | | +| 2013-06 | SP-60 | SP-130304 | 030 | 1 | Correction on XML schema compile error | F | 11.4.0 | 11.5.0 | +| 2013-09 | SP-61 | SP-130440 | 032 | 1 | Add missing Object class id for SONPolicy IOCs | A | 11.5.0 | 11.6.0 | +| | | SP-130433 | 033 | - | Add missing XML elements for SON coordination | F | | | +| | | SP-130433 | 035 | - | Add missing XML element for energy saving containment | F | | | +| 2013-12 | SP-62 | SP-130613 | 037 | 1 | Add missing XML elements for SONControl and SONTargets | A | 11.6.0 | 11.7.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32572/68ca7669d38a3c31f5a2c3a06fa802e3_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32572/68ca7669d38a3c31f5a2c3a06fa802e3_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..321ad28781d8d052cf733e78d10754972abea2c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32572/68ca7669d38a3c31f5a2c3a06fa802e3_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:cdf41194b67d90dc7a7da1281400154a73583476bf9651a79a0f4516cf835df6 +size 31464 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32572/e2c1c672349c10dccb2563eff6d8260e_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32572/e2c1c672349c10dccb2563eff6d8260e_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fdc0136a6324a8186aeb60f51bcd02c481546535 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32572/e2c1c672349c10dccb2563eff6d8260e_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:e69bfa03ac109a72863364158af22a8672a9428ebfd60c452ebf0d4e6ea326f2 +size 34246 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32572/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32572/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a388a46eb21f415fb20fb3f2552fe21ee46a3eb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32572/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ + + + + +Error! No +text of + +Error! No text of specified style in +document. + +# Contents + +- Foreword ..... 4 +- Introduction ..... 4 +- 1 Scope..... 5 +- 2 References..... 5 +- 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... 5 + - 3.1 Definitions..... 6 + - 3.2 Abbreviations ..... 6 +- 4 Basic Aspects ..... 6 + - 4.1 General ..... 6 + - 4.2 System context ..... 6 +- 5 Information Object Classes..... 6 +- 6 Interface Definition ..... 7 +- 7 Mapping Function ..... 7 + - 7.1 General ..... 7 + - 7.2 Configuration management ..... 7 + - 7.2.1 HNB provisioning support (O)..... 7 + - 7.2.2 HeNB provisioning support (O)..... 8 + - 7.3 Fault management ..... 8 + - 7.3.1 Handling of “Expedited handling” and “Queued handling” alarms..... 8 +- Annex A (informative): Change history..... 10 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects, Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.571 “Telecommunication management; Home Node B (HNB) and Home eNode B (HeNB) management; Type 2 interface concepts and requirements” +- 32.572: “Telecommunication management; Home Node B (HNB) and Home eNode B (HeNB) management; Type 2 interface models and mapping functions”** + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document describes requirements and concepts including architecture supporting Home NB and Home eNB OAM&P for interface Type 2. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.583 Procedure flows for Type 1 interface HNB to HMS +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.602 Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS) +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.602 Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS) +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.593 Procedure flows for Type 1 interface HeNB to HeNB Management System +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.584 XML definitions for Type 1 interface HNB to HNB Management System +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.594 XML definitions for Type 1 interface HeNB to HeNB Management System +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)" +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.582: "Telecommunications management; Home Node B (HNB) Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P); Information model for Type 1 interface HNB to HNB Management System (HMS)". +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.342 File Transfer (FT) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS) +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.772 Home Node B Subsystem (HNS); Network Resource Model (NRM); Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS). +- [15] 3GPP TS 32.150 Integration Reference Point(IRP) Concept and definitions + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in TS 21.905 [1], TS 32.101 [2] and TS 32.102 [3] and in the following sub-clause 3.1 apply. Same term may be defined in different documents. The precedence rule, applicable to this document, is in the order of: this document, TS 32.101 [2], TS 32.102 [3], TS 21.905 [1]. + +## 3.1 Definitions + +There is no additional definition defined in this subclause. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|------|-----------------------------| +| FT | File Transfer | +| HNB | Home Node B | +| HeNB | Home eNode B | +| HMS | HNB Management System | +| HeMS | HeNB Management System | +| HNS | Home Node B Subsystem | +| IOCs | Information Object Classes | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | + +# 4 Basic Aspects + +## 4.1 General + +## 4.2 System context + +The general definition of the System Context for the present IRP is found in 3GPP TS 32.150 [15] subclause 4.7. Only System Context A applies to this document. In addition, the IRP(s) relevant to the present document are shown. + +![Figure 1: System Context diagram showing the relationship between IRPManager (NM), IRPAgent (EM), and HNBs/HeNBs via the Itf-N interface.](68ca7669d38a3c31f5a2c3a06fa802e3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the system context. On the left, a box labeled 'NM' contains a sub-box labeled 'IRPManager'. A solid line connects 'IRPManager' to a central box labeled 'EM', which contains a sub-box labeled 'IRPAgent'. A vertical dashed line, labeled 'Itf-N' at its base, separates the 'NM' box from the 'EM' box. To the right of the 'EM' box, a dotted line connects 'IRPAgent' to a box labeled 'HNBs HeNBs'. Below the 'Itf-N' label, a curved arrow points from a list of IRPs to the interface line. The list includes: Notification IRP, Alarm IRP, Bulk CM IRP, Basic CM IRP, and FT IRP. + +Figure 1: System Context diagram showing the relationship between IRPManager (NM), IRPAgent (EM), and HNBs/HeNBs via the Itf-N interface. + +Figure 1: System Context + +# 5 Information Object Classes + +This specification does not define its own classes. It uses those defined in Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) [14]. + +# 6 Interface Definition + +This document does not define its own Interface definition. It re-uses Alarm IRP [11], FT IRP [13], Basic CM IRP [6] and Bulk CM IRP [7]. + +# 7 Mapping Function + +## 7.1 General + +## 7.2 Configuration management + +### 7.2.1 HNB provisioning support (O) + +This subclause applies to HNB case. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between HNB (c), IRP Agent/HMS Serving (b), and IRP Manager (a). The sequence starts with IRP Manager sending '1. Manage profile instances' to IRP Agent. IRP Agent responds with '2. Registration procedure' to HNB. HNB then sends '3. Initial configuration' to IRP Agent, which returns 'Parameter autogenerated By the HMS'. HNB sends '4. Measurement, Etc.' to IRP Agent, which returns 'Parameter autogenerated by the HMS'. Finally, HNB sends '5. Subsequent configuration' to IRP Agent.](e2c1c672349c10dccb2563eff6d8260e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant a as a: IRPManager + participant b as b: IRP Agent/HMS Serving + participant c as c: HNB + Note right of b: Parameter autogenerated By the HMS + a->>b: 1. Manage profile instances + b->>c: 2. Registration procedure + c->>b: 3. Initial configuration + Note right of b: Parameter autogenerated By the HMS + c->>b: 4. Measurement, Etc. + Note right of b: Parameter autogenerated by the HMS + c->>b: 5. Subsequent configuration + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between HNB (c), IRP Agent/HMS Serving (b), and IRP Manager (a). The sequence starts with IRP Manager sending '1. Manage profile instances' to IRP Agent. IRP Agent responds with '2. Registration procedure' to HNB. HNB then sends '3. Initial configuration' to IRP Agent, which returns 'Parameter autogenerated By the HMS'. HNB sends '4. Measurement, Etc.' to IRP Agent, which returns 'Parameter autogenerated by the HMS'. Finally, HNB sends '5. Subsequent configuration' to IRP Agent. + +IRPManager needs to create an HNBProfile instance. Before doing so, IRPManager + +- Creates a dataset holding information that will be referred to by the to-be-created HNBProfile.configuration. IRPManager names this dataset using the File Naming Convention of Annex A of [13]. The file name shall contain the specificIRP\_extension field which is set to “HNB”. The file schema is defined in subclause 4.2.2 of [9]. +- Prepares the value of the attribute criterion and attribute userLabel of the to-be-created HNBProfile. +- Creates the HNBProfile instance using Basic CM IRP IS createMO of [6] or using Bulk CM IRP IS BulkCmCreateMo (Create MO Sub-operation) of [7]. + +In case Basic CM IRP is used for the instance creation, IRPManager reception of: + +- A createMO positive response or a notifyObjectCreation means: + - The instance has been created successfully; +- A createMO negative response means: + - The instance has not been created and the response can include the failure reason. + +In case Bulk CM IRP is used for the instance creation, IRPManager reception of: + +- A notifyObjectCreation means: + - The instance has been created successfully; + +It is noted that in case Bulk CM IRP is used for the instance creation, the BulkCMIRP can record the outcome of the instance creation attempt in the session log. The IRPManager can obtain the session log (see clause 7.3.6 of [7]) if it wants to determine if the instance is created successfully or not. + +The above description is part of interaction 1. + +IRPManager should not remove the dataset referred to by `HNBProfile.configuration` as long as the `HNBProfile` instance exists. This is because an IRPAgent may not make a local copy of the dataset during `HNBProfile` instance creation and therefore needs to read the dataset during the HNB registration. + +IRPManager should not modify the dataset referred to by `HNBProfile.configuration` as long as the `HNBProfile` instance exists. This is to guarantee an IRPAgent behaviour that is independent of the IRPAgent implementation choices, such as: + +1. IRPAgent creates its local copy of the dataset when the `HNBProfile` is in existence and uses the local copy during HNB registration; +2. IRPAgent does not make a local copy of the dataset but reads the dataset during HNB registration. + +Interaction 2 is the interactions 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.3-bis and 5.4-bis of Clause 5.2.1 of [5]. + +Via interaction 5.1 (see Clause 5.2.1 of [5]), HNB informs IRPAgent- Serving HMS of the HNB location, the HNB ID, etc, called (in the context of this document) the registration information. + +IRPAgent- Serving HMS identifies a stored `HNBProfile.criterion` that corresponds to the registration information. It then identifies the corresponding `HNBProfile.configuration`. + +In case IRPAgent- Serving HMS identifies more than one stored `HNBProfile.criterion` that corresponds to the registration information. It then identifies the corresponding `HNBProfile.configuration`, IRPAgent- Serving HMS would decide which `HNBProfile.configuration` would be used. + +Via interaction 5.3 or 5.4-bis (see Clause 5.2.1 of [5]), IRPAgent – Serving HMS configures the HNB using the identified `HNBProfile.configuration`. + +### 7.2.2 HeNB provisioning support (O) + +This subclause applies to HeNB case. + +This subclause is identical to 7.2.1 except: + +- ‘HNB’ is replaced by ‘HeNB’ +- ‘HMS’ is replaced by ‘HeMS’ +- References [5] and [9] are replaced by [8] and [10]. + +## 7.3 Fault management + +### 7.3.1 Handling of “Expedited handling” and “Queued handling” alarms + +HNB raises alarms of various categories, two of which are called “Expedited handling” and “Queued handling”. HNB uses TR-069 RPC Methods to send the “Expedited handling” and “Queue handling” categories of alarms (see Clause 6.2.4 of [12]). HNB does not use TR-069 RPC Methods to send other categories of alarms. + +On reception of the HNB alarms sent by TR-069 RPC Methods, the mapping function (F) shall process the alarm and decide if + +- a) There exists no `AlarmInformation [11]` in `AlarmList [11]` corresponding to the newly received alarm or + +- b) There exists an `AlarmInformation` in `AlarmList` corresponding to the newly received alarm. There is a difference in value of `perceivedSeverity` of the newly received alarm and that of the corresponding `AlarmInformation` and the former value is not `Cleared`. +- c) There exists an `AlarmInformation` in `AlarmList` corresponding to the newly received alarm. There is a difference in value of `perceivedSeverity` of the newly received alarm and that of the corresponding `AlarmInformation` and the former value is `Cleared`. + +In case of a), a new `AlarmInformation` is added in the `AlarmList`. The `IRPManager`, who has a subscription with `NotificationIRP`, is notified via `notifyNewAlarm` if the added `AlarmInformation` satisfies the subscription filter constraint. + +In case of b), the corresponding `AlarmInformation` `perceivedSeverity` is changed. The `IRPManager`, who has a subscription with `NotificationIRP`, is notified via `notifyChangedAlarm` if the subject `AlarmInformation` satisfies the subscription filter constraint. + +In case of c), the corresponding `AlarmInformation` is removed from the `AlarmList` if it has been acknowledged; else its `perceivedSeverity` is changed to `Cleared`. The `IRPManager`, who has a subscription with `NotificationIRP`, is notified via `notifyClearedAlarm` if the subject `AlarmInformation` satisfies the subscription filter constraint. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|---------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2010-03 | SA#47 | SP-100056 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information and approval | -- | 1.0.0 | +| 2010-03 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication of SA approved version | 1.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2011-06 | SP#52 | SP-110286 | 001 | -- | Modify errors in reference and related paragraphs | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32581/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32581/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ae1b4505ecedafc10673cc1e73a2f6c29732a5f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32581/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,329 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Concepts and background ..... | 6 | +| 5 Business level requirements..... | 6 | +| 5.1 Requirements..... | 6 | +| 5.1.1 Configuration Management..... | 6 | +| 5.1.2 Performance Management..... | 7 | +| 5.1.3 Fault Management..... | 7 | +| 5.1.4 Security Management..... | 7 | +| 5.2 Actor roles ..... | 7 | +| 5.3 Telecommunications resources ..... | 7 | +| 5.4 High level use cases ..... | 7 | +| 6 Specification level requirements..... | 7 | +| 6.1 Requirements..... | 7 | +| 6.1.1 Configuration Management..... | 7 | +| 6.1.2 Performance Management..... | 8 | +| 6.1.3 Fault Management..... | 9 | +| 6.1.4 Security Management..... | 10 | +| 6.2 Actor roles ..... | 10 | +| 6.3 Telecommunications resources ..... | 10 | +| 6.4 Use cases ..... | 10 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 11 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects, Telecommunication Management; as identified below: + +- 3GPP TS 32.581: "Telecommunications management; Home Node B (HNB) Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P); Concepts and requirements for Type 1 interface HNB to HNB Management System (HMS)". +- 3GPP TS 32.582: "Telecommunications management; Home Node B (HNB) Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P); Information model for Type 1 interface HNB to HNB Management System (HMS)". +- 3GPP TS 32.583: "Telecommunications management; Home Node B (HNB) Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P); Procedure flows for Type 1 interface HNB to HNB Management System (HMS)". +- 3GPP TS 32.584: "Telecommunications management; Home Node B (HNB) Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P); XML definitions for Type 1 interface HNB to HNB Management System (HMS)". + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document describes the concepts and requirements of OAM for Home NodeB (HNB). The requirements captured in this document shall be met via Type 1 interface between HNB and HMS. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 32.821: "Study of Self-Organizing Network (SON) related OAM for Home NodeB". +- [2] 3GPP TS 25.467: "UTRAN architecture for 3G Home NodeB, stage 2". +- [3] TR-069 Amendment 2, CPE WAN Management Protocol v1.1, Broadband Forum +- [4] TR-106 Amendment 2 Data Model template for TR-069-Enabled Devices v1.1, Broadband Forum. +- [5] TR-196 FAP Access Point Service Data Model v1.00, Broadband Forum. +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.435: "Performance Measurement, eXtensible Markup Language (XML) file format definition". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS) ". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [10] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [11] 3GPP TS 22.220: "Service requirements for Home Node B (HNB) and Home eNode B (HeNB)". +- [12] 3GPP TS 33.320: "Security of Home Node B (HNB) / Home evolved Node B (HeNB)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TS 32.101 [8], TS 32.102 [9] and TS 21.905 [10] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TS 32.101 [8], TS 32.102 [9] and TS 21.905 [10], in that order. + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [10] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [10]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-----|------------------------------| +| HMS | Home NodeB Management System | +| HNB | Home NodeB | + +# --- 4 Concepts and background + +Home NodeB has the following characteristics: + +- The quantity of Home NodeBs is likely to be large +- There may be many Home NodeB vendors +- Home NodeB may be purchased easily by end users in market +- The location of Home NodeB could be in a private residence which may not be accessible for frequent on-site maintenance + +Based on the above characteristics, this specification defines the functionalities needed for the management of Home NodeB over a Type 1 interface. + +# --- 5 Business level requirements + +## 5.1 Requirements + +**REQ-OAMP-CON-001** The HNB shall be able to be managed in all management domain aspects defined below as Configuration management, Security management, Performance management and Fault management, without the use of vendor-specific or operator-specific extension capability. + +### 5.1.1 Configuration Management + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-CON-001** The HNB shall be able to automatically, i.e. without human operator on-line interaction or attention, configure itself to be ready for service when powered up and connected to HMS. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-CON-002** The HNB shall be able to automatically, i.e. without human operator on-line interaction or attention, configure itself to be in service when powered up and connected to HMS. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-CON-003** The HNB shall be able to automatically, i.e. without human operator on-line interaction or attention, upgrade its software/firmware and configuration. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-CON-004** The HNB auto-configuration shall be done in such way that the performance of the surrounding macro cells is not adversely affected. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-CON-005** The HNB auto-configuration function should be adaptive to react to change in the network and changes in the radio environment. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-CON-006** The operator shall be able to remotely reboot the HNB. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-CON-007** The operator shall be able to remotely start/stop the radio transmission of the HNB. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-CON-008** In case IPsec is used, the system should be engineered to ensure that the HNB IP address changes as minimally as possible. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-CON-009** The operator shall be able to remotely reconfigure the HNB to adapt to changes in the radio environment. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-CON-010** The HNB should allow configuration of the IPsec or non-IPsec usage option based on the operator's policy TS 33.320 [12]. + +### 5.1.2 Performance Management + +**REQ-OAMP\_PM-CON-001** The HNB may have the capability to collect its performance related data. + +**REQ-OAMP\_PM-CON-002** The HNB shall send performance data based on operator configured policy. + +**REQ-OAMP\_PM-CON-003** Operator shall be able to retrieve performance data file from the HNB. + +### 5.1.3 Fault Management + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-CON-001** The HNB shall support Fault Management to enable the operator to monitor and manage the HNB. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-CON-002** The HNB shall provide alarm related information only on demand by the operator or based on operator configured policy. + +### 5.1.4 Security Management + +**REQ-OAMP\_SM-CON-001** The HNB shall have the capability to protect itself against Denial of Service attack over the Type 1 interface. + +## 5.2 Actor roles + +Not defined in this version. + +## 5.3 Telecommunications resources + +Not defined in this version. + +## 5.4 High level use cases + +Not defined in this version. + +# --- 6 Specification level requirements + +## 6.1 Requirements + +### 6.1.1 Configuration Management + +The requirements for configuration management are as follows: + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-001** The HNB configuration shall be administered by the HMS utilising the TR-069 CWMP Protocol, reference [3]. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-002** The HNB Information Model used by the HMS for Configuration Management shall be based on the following: + +- a. Broadband Forum TR-106 Amendment 2 Data Model [4] +- b. FAP Access Point Service Data Model [5] + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-003** HMS shall be able to reboot the HNB. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-004** HMS shall have remote access to the HNB to start/stop the radio transmission. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-005** HMS shall have remote access to the HNB to start/stop the radio transmission on the frequencies specified by HMS. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-006** HMS shall maintain the configuration data of the HNB. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-007** When the HNB is initially powered up and connected to the HMS, HMS shall send the initially needed configuration data to the HNB. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-008** If the inner IPsec tunnel IP address of the HNB changes and HNB is connected to HMS via IPsec Tunnel then the HNB shall notify the HMS using TR-069. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-009** The HMS shall specify which parameters it needs to be notified of when the HNB changes their values through auto-configuration. The HNB shall notify the HMS of changes in the values of any such auto-configured parameters. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-010** The HNB shall inform the HMS of its ability to auto-configure parameters or groups of parameters that are relevant to the HMS. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-011** HMS shall be able to specify a value, or a valid range of values, for any parameter that is auto-configurable by the HNB. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-012** Configuration management capability for the HNB shall be supported by means of TR-069 RPCs SetParameterValues, AddObject and DeleteObject. Optionally a bulk configuration management file may be supported. In this case the TR-069 manager uses the RPC download method to trigger a CM file download from a file server. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-013** The HNB shall be able to inform the HMS of the changes in radio environment. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-014** The HNB shall provide a capability allowing the HMS to manage downloading of HNB software/firmware image files and provide mechanisms for version identification and notification to the HMS of the success or failure of a file download. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-015** The HNB shall support capabilities to inform the HMS about the results of specific actions triggered by the HMS. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-016** It shall be possible to initiate a management connection at the request of either the HNB or the HMS. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-017** If the HNB is unable to offer service for an operator configured time period it will deactivate the air interface. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-018** The HNB shall support a capability to allow the HMS to activate Local IP Access. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-019** The HNB shall support a capability to allow the HMS to deactivate Local IP Access. + +**REQ-OAMP\_CM-FUN-020** The HMS should be able to securely configure the HNB according to the operator's policy, whether or not to use IPsec for subsequent connections. + +### 6.1.2 Performance Management + +The HNB may support Performance Management to enable the operator to monitor the HNB Network based on the business level requirements (see clause 5.1.2). + +The requirements for performance management are as follows. + +**REQ-OAMP\_PM-FUN-001** The HNB may have the Performance Management capabilities administered by the HMS. + +**REQ-OAMP\_PM-FUN-002** The HNB shall support the retrieval of the Performance Information from the HNB utilising the file transfer option of TR-069 CWMP Protocol, reference [3]. + +**REQ-OAMP\_PM-FUN-003** The HNB shall be configurable by the HMS to produce an XML File at regular intervals which contains the HNB performance Information and then upload the XML File. + +**REQ-OAMP\_PM-FUN-004** The XML File Formats produced by the HNB shall adhere to the 3GPP XML Performance Management File Formats, reference [6]. + +**REQ-OAMP\_PM-FUN-005** The HNB shall upload PM files using TR-069 compliant file transfer protocols. + +**REQ-OAMP\_PM-FUN-006** The HMS shall have the capability to initiate HNB diagnostic testing + +**REQ-OAMP\_PM-FUN-007** HMS shall have the ability to configure policies for the HNB performance data file upload. + +### 6.1.3 Fault Management + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-001** The HNB shall have the Fault Management capabilities administered through the HMS. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-002** The HNB shall have the ability to send alarm related information to HMS according to operator configured policy. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-003** The HNB shall be able to send alarm related information to the HMS using TR-069 RPC Methods, reference [3]. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-004** The alarm related information to be sent to the HMS by the HNB shall support the inclusion of the appropriate Information attributes, as defined in 3GPP TS.32.111-2, reference [7]. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-005** The HNB shall maintain the following information: + +- a. Alarm Management Information – which contains the alarm management and reporting parameters configurable by the HMS +- b. Alarms List – Alarms currently active on the HNB +- c. Alarm History – contains the alarms previously created by the HNB. +- d. Pending Delivery Queue – contains the alarms queued to be sent to the HMS on the next management connection + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-006.** The HNB shall support the following ways of alarm handling: + +- a. Expedited handling– the HNB connects to the HMS immediately to raise the alarm and logs the alarm in the Alarm History. +- b. Queued handling – the HNB queues the alarm internally pending connection to the HMS, logs the alarm in the Alarm History, and delivers the alarm on the next connection to the HMS +- c. Logged handling – the HNB does not send the alarm to the HMS and logs the alarm in the Alarm History. +- d. Disabled handling– the HNB does not send the alarm to the HMS and will not log the alarm in the Alarm History + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-007** The HMS may configure the alarm handling for each type of HNB alarm according to the HNB alarm handling capabilities and the default handling if not specified by the HMS shall be “Logged handling”. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-008** The HMS shall have the ability to throttle the sending of alarms from the HNB to the HMS + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-009** The HMS shall have the capability to retrieve alarm related information from the HNB using TR-069 RPC Method Calls. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-010** The HMS shall have the capability to completely purge on the HNB the Alarms List and the Pending Delivery Queue and may have the capability to completely purge on the HNB the history of Alarms. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-011** The HMS shall have the capability to activate and deactivate the alarm reporting by the HNB. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-012** The HMS shall be able to define the frequency of passive reporting. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-013** The HMS shall be informed immediately of alarms (raised, changed, cleared) classified as expedited notifications only. + +**REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-014** The HNB shall provide a capability allowing the HMS to access information that it may use to diagnose and resolve connectivity or service issues. + +### 6.1.4 Security Management + +**REQ-OAMP\_SM-FUN-001.** The HNB shall have the capability to communicate with the HMS via TR-069 CWMP, reference [3], through the support of one of the two security mechanisms determined by the Network Operator’s Security Policies: + +- utilising SSL/TLS outside the IPsec Tunnel +- within the IPsec Tunnel with the option to utilise SSL/TLS within the IPsec Tunnel for additional end-to-end security + +TR-069 CPE devices are currently factory programmed with a Bootstrap HMS URL only and therefore the HNB capable CPEs requiring to utilise IPsec for connection to the HMS either require to be factory programmed with Bootstrap Security Gateway/IPsec Information or this information is supplied outside of the IPsec tunnel before tunnel establishment utilising SSL/TLS. + +**REQ-OAMP\_SM-FUN-002** The HNB shall provide a capability to prevent tampering with the interactions that take place between the HNB and the HMS as well as management functions of a HNB. + +**REQ-OAMP\_SM-FUN-003** The HNB shall provide a capability allowing the HMS to authenticate the HNBs. + +**REQ-OAMP\_SM-FUN-004** The HNB shall be able to authenticate the HMS prior to responding to interactions triggered by the HMS. + +**REQ-OAMP\_SM-FUN-005** The HNB shall provide a capability supporting confidentiality for interactions taking place between the HNB and the HMS. + +## 6.2 Actor roles + +Not defined in this version. + +## 6.3 Telecommunications resources + +Not defined in this version. + +## 6.4 Use cases + +Not defined in this version. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Mar 2009 | SP-43 | SP-090067 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information and approval | 1.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090295 | 001 | -- | Add requirements for HNB informing the HMS of the changes in radio environment | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-090534 | 003 | -- | Add missing description of AddObject and DeleteObject RPC method in configuration management according to BBF LS | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep 009 | SP-45 | SP-090540 | 004 | -- | New CM, FM & SM specification level requirements for HNB Management | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SP-47 | SP-100035 | 006 | -- | Correction of file transfer mechanisms in HNB type 1 interface | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-100264 | 007 | -- | Missing Requirement for an operator's defined time period at the HNB | 9.2.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110099 | 008 | -- | Add LIPA management requirements | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| May 2011 | SP-52 | SP-110288 | 010 | 2 | Correction of requirements for HNB non-IPsec usage - alignment with 33.320 | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.2.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32592/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32592/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..33e9f392993f8dc6e485166f3bc2c950ea9e147c --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32592/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1345 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 8 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 8 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 8 | +| 4 Purpose..... | 9 | +| 5 Structure of HeNB Information Model..... | 9 | +| 6 Information Model Definition..... | 9 | +| 6.1 Configuration Management..... | 9 | +| 6.1.1 Physical Layer Parameters ..... | 9 | +| 6.1.1.1 Antenna Information..... | 9 | +| 6.1.1.2 PDSCH..... | 10 | +| 6.1.1.3 Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)..... | 11 | +| 6.1.1.4 PRACH ..... | 12 | +| 6.1.1.5 PUCCH ..... | 13 | +| 6.1.1.6 PUSCH..... | 14 | +| 6.1.1.6.1 Uplink Reference Signal ..... | 14 | +| 6.1.1.7 Uplink Power Control..... | 15 | +| 6.1.1.8 MBSFN Configuration ..... | 16 | +| 6.1.1.8.1 MBSFN Subframe List..... | 17 | +| 6.1.1.9 Positioning reference Signals..... | 18 | +| 6.1.1.10 TDD Frame Structure ..... | 18 | +| 6.1.1.11 Power Setting Parameters ..... | 18 | +| 6.1.2 MAC Layer Parameters ..... | 18 | +| 6.1.2.1 RACH ..... | 19 | +| 6.1.2.2 DRX..... | 21 | +| 6.1.2.3 Uplink SCH..... | 22 | +| 6.1.3 RLC Layer Parameters ..... | 22 | +| 6.1.3.1 SRB..... | 23 | +| 6.1.4 Cell Restriction Parameters ..... | 25 | +| 6.1.4.1 Cell barring and Access Class ..... | 25 | +| 6.1.5 Mobility Parameters ..... | 26 | +| 6.1.5.1 Idle Mode Mobility Parameters ..... | 26 | +| 6.1.5.1.1 Common Parameters ..... | 27 | +| 6.1.5.1.2 Intra-Frequency Parameters ..... | 28 | +| 6.1.5.1.3 Inter-Frequency Parameters ..... | 30 | +| 6.1.5.1.4 IRAT from E-UTRA to UTRA..... | 31 | +| 6.1.5.1.5 IRAT from E-UTRA to UTRAN FDD ..... | 32 | +| 6.1.5.1.6 IRAT from E-UTRA to GERAN ..... | 33 | +| 6.1.5.1.7 GERAN Frequency Groups ..... | 34 | +| 6.1.5.1.7A IRAT from E-UTRAN to CDMA2000 ..... | 35 | +| 6.1.5.1.8 CDMA2000 Bands for IRAT..... | 36 | +| 6.1.5.2 Connected Mode Mobility Parameters ..... | 37 | +| 6.1.5.2.1 Common Parameters for E-UTRA..... | 37 | +| 6.1.5.2.2 IRAT..... | 41 | +| 6.1.6 RRC Timers and Constants Parameters ..... | 43 | +| 6.1.6.1 RRC Timers ..... | 44 | +| 6.1.6.2 RRC Constants..... | 45 | +| 6.1.7 RF Parameters ..... | 45 | +| 6.1.7.1 RF Configuration ..... | 46 | +| 6.1.8 Common E-UTRAN Parameters ..... | 47 | +| 6.1.9 SIAP Parameters ..... | 47 | +| 6.1.10 S1-U Parameters ..... | 48 | +| 6.1.11 EPC Parameters ..... | 48 | + +| | | | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 6.1.11.1 | General EPC parameters ..... | 48 | +| 6.1.11.2 | Quality of Service Configuration Parameters ..... | 49 | +| 6.1.12 | HeNB GW Parameters ..... | 49 | +| 6.1.13 | Access Management Parameters ..... | 50 | +| 6.1.14 | Transport parameters ..... | 51 | +| 6.1.14.1 | SCTP Parameters ..... | 51 | +| 6.1.14.2 | SCTP Association Parameters ..... | 53 | +| 6.1.14.3 | Parameters relating to Tunnelling ..... | 54 | +| 6.1.14.4 | IKE IPsec Security Association Table ..... | 55 | +| 6.1.14.5 | Child IPsec Security Association Table ..... | 56 | +| 6.1.14.6 | Virtual Interfaces of transport tunnel ..... | 57 | +| 6.1.14.7 | Shared Secret Table ..... | 58 | +| 6.1.14.8 | Public Key Table ..... | 59 | +| 6.1.14.9 | Crypto Profile Table ..... | 60 | +| 6.1.15 | Neighbor List Parameters ..... | 62 | +| 6.1.15.1 | LTE cell neighbor list ..... | 63 | +| 6.1.15.2 | Inter-RAT UMTS cell neighbor list ..... | 65 | +| 6.1.15.3 | Inter-RAT GSM cell neighbor list ..... | 67 | +| 6.1.15.4 | Inter-RAT CDMA2000 cell neighbor list ..... | 68 | +| 6.1.16 | LTE REM parameters ..... | 68 | +| 6.1.16.1 | LTE RF parameters ..... | 69 | +| 6.1.16.2 | LTE BCCH parameters ..... | 70 | +| 6.1.16.3 | LTE Carrier Measurement Parameters ..... | 71 | +| 6.1.17 | Security Parameters ..... | 71 | +| 6.1.17.1 | Air interface ciphering and integrity protection algorithms ..... | 71 | +| 6.1.18 | Location management parameters ..... | 72 | +| 6.2 | Fault Management ..... | 72 | +| 6.2.1 | Common Alarm Attributes ..... | 73 | +| 6.2.2 | Current Alarms List ..... | 74 | +| 6.2.2.1 | Alarm Indexing Parameters ..... | 74 | +| 6.2.2.2 | Alarm Content Parameters ..... | 74 | +| 6.2.3 | Alarm History List ..... | 75 | +| 6.2.3.1 | Alarm Indexing Parameters ..... | 75 | +| 6.2.3.2 | Alarm Content Parameters ..... | 75 | +| 6.2.4 | Expedited and Queued Alarm Handling ..... | 75 | +| 6.2.4.1 | Alarm Indexing Parameters ..... | 76 | +| 6.2.4.2 | Alarm Content Parameters ..... | 76 | +| 6.2.5 | Supported Alarms and Reporting Mechanisms ..... | 76 | +| 6.2.6 | Encoding ..... | 78 | +| 6.2.6.1 | dateTime ..... | 78 | +| 6.2.6.2 | Event Type ..... | 78 | +| 6.2.6.3 | Probable Cause ..... | 78 | +| 6.2.6.4 | PerceivedSeverity ..... | 78 | +| 6.3 | Performance Management ..... | 78 | +| 6.3.1 | Periodic Performance File Upload ..... | 78 | +| 6.3.2 | Periodic Statistics ..... | 80 | +| 6.3.2.1 | Sample Set Management ..... | 80 | +| 6.3.2.2 | Sample Set Statistic Parameters ..... | 81 | +| 6.3.3 | PM File Content description ..... | 82 | +| Annex A (informative): | Change history ..... | 83 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects, Telecommunication Management; as identified below: + +- 32.591: "Telecommunications management; Home eNode B (HeNB) Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P); Concepts and requirements for Type 1 interface HeNB to HeNB Management System (HeMS)". +- 32.592: "Telecommunications management; Home eNode B (HeNB) Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P); Information model for Type 1 interface HeNB to HeNB Management System (H(e)MS)". +- 32.593: "Telecommunications management; Home eNode B (HeNB) Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P); Procedure flows for Type 1 interface HeNB to HeNB Management System (HeMS)". +- 32.594: "Telecommunications management; Home eNode B (HeNB) Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P); XML definitions for Type 1 interface HeNB to HeNB Management System (HeMS)". + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document describes the Information Model definition for Fault Management, Configuration Management and Performance measurements of Home eNodeBs. + +The stage 2 definitions captured in the present document shall be met via type 1 interface between HeNB and HMS. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.401: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Concept and requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [6] 3GPP TS 25.331: "Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol specification". +- [7] TR-069 Amendment 2, HeNB WAN Management Protocol v1.1, Broadband Forum +- [8] 3GPP TR 25.820: "3G Home NodeB Study Item Technical Report". +- [9] 3GPP TS 25.413: "UTRAN Iu interface Radio Access Network Application Part (RANAP) signalling". +- [10] 3GPP TS 25.401: " UTRAN Overall Description". +- [11] 3GPP TS 25.433: "UTRAN Iub interface Node B Application Part (NBAP) signalling". +- [12] TR-106, "Data Model Template for TR-069-Enabled Devices ", Broadband Forum, 2009, [http://broadband-forum.org/technical/download/TR-106\\_Amendment-2.pdf](http://broadband-forum.org/technical/download/TR-106_Amendment-2.pdf). +- [13] TR-196, "Femto Access Point Device Data Model", Broadband Forum, 2009, . +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.432 "Telecommunication management; Performance measurement: File format definition". +- [15] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [16] 3GPP TS 32.111-6: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 6: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Sets (SS)". +- [17] IETF RFC 3280: "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", April 2002, . + +- [18] IETF RFC 4301: "Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol", , December 2005, . +- [19] IETF RFC 4307: "Cryptographic Algorithms for Use in the Internet Key Exchange Version 2 (IKEv2)", December 2005, +- [20] IETF RFC 4960: "Stream Control Transmission Protocol", September 2007, . +- [21] IETF RFC 3550: "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications", July 2003, . +- [22] IETF RFC 3873: "Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) Management Information Base (MIB)", , September 2004, . +- [23] ITU-T Recommendation E.118: "The international telecommunication charge card ", International Telecommunication Union, May 2006, . +- [24] 3GPP TS 25.304: "User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode and procedures for cell reselection in connected mode". +- [25] 3GPP TS 36.211: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation". +- [26] 3GPP TS 36.213: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures". +- [27] 3GPP TS 36.214: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer - Measurements". +- [28] 3GPP TS 36.300: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2". +- [29] 3GPP TS 36.304: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode". +- [30] 3GPP TS 36.321: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification". +- [31] 3GPP TS 36.322: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Link Control (RLC) protocol specification". +- [32] 3GPP TS 36.331: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol specification". +- [33] 3GPP TS 36.133: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Requirements for support of radio resource management". +- [34] 3GPP TS 45.008: "Radio subsystem link control". +- [35] 3GPP TS 23.107:"Quality of Service (QoS) concept and architecture". +- [36] 3GPP TS 22.220: "Service Requirements for Home Node B (HNB) and Home eNode B (HeNB)". +- [37] 3GPP TS 33.320: "Security of Home Node B (HNB) / Home evolved Node B (HeNB)". +- [38] 3GPP TS 33.401: "3GPP System Architecture Evolution (SAE); Security architecture". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905. + +**3G Home NodeB and Home eNodeB:** These terms, their derivations and abbreviations are used synonymously throughout the present document. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| DM | Domain Manager | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FFS | For Further Study | +| HMS | Home NodeB Management System | +| HeMS | Home eNodeB Management System | +| HNB | Home NodeB | +| HeNB | Home eNodeB | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| LTE | Long Term Evolution | +| MME | Mobile Management Entity | +| NGMN | Next Generation Mobile Networks | +| OAM | Operations, Administrator and Maintenance | +| PnP | Plug and Play | +| SAE | System Architecture Evolution | +| SON | Self-Organising Networks | +| TBD | To Be Discussed | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRAN | UMTS Radio Access Network | + +# 4 Purpose + +The purpose of this document is to specify the Information Model for Home eNodeB Type 1 Interface for the remote management using the TR-069 CWMP [7]. + +# 5 Structure of HeNB Information Model + +Note: The structure of the Information Model is FFS. + +# 6 Information Model Definition + +## 6.1 Configuration Management + +The names of objects and classification of parameters under objects is tentative. It is subject to modifications as needed. + +### 6.1.1 Physical Layer Parameters + +Tables in below sections summarize the set of proposed Physical Layer objects and parameters. + +#### 6.1.1.1 Antenna Information + +This table contains parameters related to antenna configuration. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| antennaPortsCount | Represents the number of cell specific antenna ports where a 1 corresponds to 1, a 2 to 2 antenna ports etc. see TS 36.211, 6.2.1. A UE in IDLE mode acquires the information about the number of transmit antenna ports according to TS 36.212, 5.3.1.1. Corresponds to antennaPortsCount IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2. | Enum {an1,an2,an4}

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.1.2 PDSCH + +This table contains parameters related to configuration of PDSCH. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| p-b | Equal to Eb/Ea. Is same for all UEs in the cell. Eb = EPRE (energy per resource element) of PDSCH REs type B i.e. REs in OFDM symbols that include reference symbols. Specified in 3GPP TS 36.213 section 5.2. | int[0..3]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| p-a | equal to Ea/Ers. Ea = EPRE (energy per resource element) of PDSCH REs (resource elements) type A i.e. REs in OFDM symbols that do not include reference symbols.
Ers = EPRE of reference symbols REs. Specified in 3GPP TS 36.213 section 5.2.
Value dB-6 corresponds to -6 dB, dB-4dot77 corresponds to -4.77 dB etc. | Enum{dB-6, dB-4dot77, dB-3, dB-1dot77, dB0, dB1, dB2, dB3}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.1.3 Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) + +This table contains parameters common across the cell related to configuration of UL Sounding Reference Signal. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| srsEnabled | This parameter indicates whether UL Sounding RS is enabled (TRUE) or not (FALSE). Corresponds to SoundingRS-UL-ConfigCommonIE defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 | Boolean

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| srsBandwidthConfig | Denotes an index into tables with cell specific SRS Bandwidth Configuration. The tables are specified in 3GPP TS 36.211, table 5.5.3.2-1, 5.5.3.2-2, 5.5.3.2-3 and 5.5.3.2- 4. Corresponds to srs-BandwidthConfig IE specified in 3GPP TS36.331 section 6.3.2. bw0 corresponds to value 0, bw1 to value 1 and so on. | Enum{bw0, bw1, bw2, bw3, bw4, bw5, bw6, bw7}

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| SrsMaxUpPts | Defines whether reconfiguration of SRS applies to UpPts (TRUE) or not (FALSE). Corresponds to srs-MaxUpPts specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and srsMaxUpPts specified in 3GPP TS 36.211 section 5.5.3.2.

This parameter is applicable to TDD mode only. | Boolean,

This parameter is writeable. | TDD | No | +| ackNackSRSSimultaneousTransmission | Defines whether a UE can simultaneously transmit SRS and ACK/NACK (TRUE) or not (FALSE). Corresponds to ackNackSRS-SimultaneousTransmission specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and Simultaneous-AN-and-SRS specified in 3GPP TS 36.213 section 8.2. | Boolean,

This parameter is writeable. | FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.1.4 PRACH + +This table contains parameters related to RACH configuration at the PHY level. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| rootSequenceIndex | Logical root sequence index used to determine 64 physical RACH preamble sequences available in the cell. Corresponds to RACH_ROOT_SEQUENCE parameter defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and 3GPP TS 36.211 Section 5.7.2. | int[0..837]

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.e. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ConfigurationIndex | Provides index into the table defining PRACH resources within the frame. Corresponds to PRACH-Configuration-Index parameter defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and 3GPP TS 36.211 Section 5.7.1. | int[0..63]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| highSpeedFlag | Determines whether unrestricted set (FALSE) or restricted set (TRUE) of preambles is used. Corresponds to highSpeedFlag parameter defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and high-speed-flag parameter defined 3GPP TS 36.211 Section 5.7.2. | Boolean

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| zeroCorrelationZoneConfig | This parameter is used for preamble sequence generation. Corresponds to parameter zeroCorrelationZoneConfig parameter defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and to Ncs parameter defined in 36.211 section 5.7.2. | int[0..15]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| FrequencyOffset | The first physical resource block available for PRACH expressed as a physical resource block number. Corresponds to prach-FreqOffset parameter defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and nPRBOffsetRA parameter defined 3GPP TS 36.211 Section 5.7.1 | Integer

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.1.5 PUCCH + +This table contains parameters related to common PUCCH configuration. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| deltaPUCCHShift | Denotes the cyclic shift used for PUCCH formats 1/1a/1b in a resource block used for a mix of formats 1/1a/1b and 2/2a/2b is an integer multiple of deltaPUCCHShift within the range of {0, 1, ..., 7}. Corresponds to deltaPUCCH-Shift parameter defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and $\Delta_{shift}^{PUCCH}$ parameter defined 3GPP TS 36.211 Section 5.4. | Enum {ds1, ds2, ds3}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| nRB-CQI | Denotes the bandwidth in terms of resource blocks that are available for use by PUCCH formats 2/2a/2b transmission in each slot. Corresponds to nRB-CQI parameter defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and $N_{RB}^{(2)}$ parameter defined 3GPP TS 36.211 Section 5.4. | int[0..98]

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| nCS-AN | Denotes the number of cyclic shift used for PUCCH formats 1/1a/1b in a resource block used for a mix of formats 1/1a/1b and 2/2a/2b. The value is an integer multiple of deltaPUCCHShift within the range of {0, 1, ..., 7}. Corresponds to nCS-AN parameter defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and $N_{RB}^{(1)}$ parameter defined 3GPP TS 36.211 Section 5.4. | int[0..7]

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| n1PUCCH-AN | Parameter used to determine resources used for transmission of PUCCH format 1/1a/1b and 2/2a/2b. Corresponds to n1PUCCH-AN parameter defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and $N_{PUCCH}^{(1)}$ parameter defined 3GPP TS 36.213 Section 10.1. | int[0..2047]

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| CqiPUCCHResourceIndex | Position of PUCCH. This parameter corresponds to the cqi-PUCCH-ResourceIndex IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2. and to parameter $n_{PUCCH}^{(2)}$ specified in TS 36.213 [23, 7.2]. | int [0:1185]

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| K | Subband size for subband reporting mode in units of physical resource block. See TS 36.213, section 7.2.2. This parameter corresponds to the K IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 | int[1..4]

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.1.6 PUSCH + +This table contains parameters related to PUSCH configuration. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| n-SB | Denotes the number of sub-bands. This parameter corresponds to n-SB parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and NSB parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.211 section 5.3.4 | int[1..4]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| hoppingMode | Determines if hopping is "inter-subframe" or "intra and inter-subframe". This parameter corresponds to hoppingMode parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and Hopping-mode parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.211 section 5.3.4 | Enum{interSubFrame, intraAndInterSubFrame}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| hoppingOffset | This parameter is used to compute the set of physical resource blocks to be used for transmission on PUSCH if uplink frequency hopping mode is enabled. This parameter corresponds to pusch-HoppingOffset parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and NRBHO parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.211 section 5.3.4 | int[0..98]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| enable64QAM | TRUE indicates that 64QAM is allowed while FALSE indicates that 64QAM is not allowed. This parameter corresponds to enable64QAM parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2. | Boolean

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.1.6.1 Uplink Reference Signal + +This table contains parameters related to configuration of uplink reference signals on PUSCH (or PUCCH). + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| groupHoppingEnabled | Determines whether group hopping is enabled or not. This parameter corresponds to groupHoppingEnabled parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in TS 36.211 section 5.5.1.3. | Boolean

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| groupAssignmentPUSCH | Corresponds to parameter groupAssignmentPUSCH specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2. | int[0..29]

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| sequenceHoppingEnabled | Determines whether sequence hopping is enabled or not. This parameter corresponds to sequenceHoppingEnabled parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in TS 36.211 section 5.5.1.4. | Boolean

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| cyclicShift | Corresponds to parameter cyclicShift specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2. | int[0..7]

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.1.7 Uplink Power Control + +This table contains parameters used for computing UL power. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| p0NominalPUSCH | Denotes the parameter used to compute the UL UE transmit power for transmission on PUSCH for semi-persistent grants. This parameter corresponds to p0-NominalPUSCH parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and Po_NOMINAL_PUSCH(0) parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.213 clause 5.1.1.1 | int[-126..24]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| Alpha | Denotes the parameter used to compute the UL UE transmit power for transmission on PUSCH. al0 corresponds to value of 0.n and al1 corresponds to value of 1. This parameter corresponds to alpha parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and to $\alpha$ parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.213 clause 5.1.1.1. | Enum { al0 , al04 , al05 , al06 , al07 , al08 , al09 , al1 }

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| p0NominalPUCCH | Denotes the parameter used to compute the UL UE transmit power for transmission on PUCCH. This parameter corresponds to p0-NominalPUCCH parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 clause 6.3.2 and Po_NOMINAL_PUCCH parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.213 section 5.1.2.1 | int[-127..-96]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| deltaF-PUCCH-Format1 | Each value of deltaF-PUCCH-FormatX corresponds to parameter $\Delta_{F\_PUCCH}(X)$ , where $X \in \{1, 1b, 2, 2a, 2b\}$ , specified in 36.331 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.213 section 5.1.2. Value of deltaFn corresponds to n dB. | Enum{ deltaF-2 , deltaF0 , deltaF2 }

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| deltaF-PUCCH-Format1b | Each value of deltaF-PUCCH-FormatX corresponds to parameter $\Delta_{F\_PUCCH}(X)$ , where $X \in \{1, 1b, 2, 2a, 2b\}$ , specified in 36.331 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.213 section 5.1.2. Value of deltaFn corresponds to n dB. | Enum{ deltaF1 , deltaF3 , deltaF5 }

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| deltaF-PUCCH-Format2 | Each value of deltaF-PUCCH-FormatX corresponds to parameter $\Delta_{F\_PUCCH}(X)$ , where $X \in \{1, 1b, 2, 2a, 2b\}$ , specified in 36.331 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.213 section 5.1.2. Value of deltaFn corresponds to n dB. | Enum{ deltaF-2 , deltaF0 , deltaF1 , deltaF2 }

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| deltaF-PUCCH-Format2a | Each value of deltaF-PUCCH-FormatX corresponds to parameter $\Delta_{F\_PUCCH}(X)$ , where $X \in \{1, 1b, 2, 2a, 2b\}$ , specified in 36.331 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.213 section 5.1.2. Value of deltaFn corresponds to n dB. | Enum{ deltaF-2 , deltaF0 , deltaF2 }

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| deltaF-PUCCH-Format2b | Each value of deltaF-PUCCH-FormatX corresponds to parameter $\Delta_{F\_PUCCH}(X)$ , where $X \in \{1, 1b, 2, 2a, 2b\}$ , specified in 36.331 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.213 section 5.1.2. Value of deltaFn corresponds to n dB. | Enum{deltaF-2, deltaF0, deltaF2}

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| deltaPreambleMsg3 | Denotes the parameter used to compute the UL UE transmit power for transmission of random access response grant. This parameter corresponds to deltaPreambleMsg3 parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and to $\Delta_{PREAMBLE\_Msg3}$ parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.213 section 5.1.1.1 | int[-1..6]

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.1.8 MBSFN Configuration + +This table contains parameters related to MBSFN configuration. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| NeighCellConfig | Provides the information related to MBSFN and TDD UL/DL configuration of neighbour cells. Value 0: Not all neighbour cells have the same MBSFN subframe allocation as serving cell; Value 1: No MBSFN subframes are present in all neighbour cells; Value 2: The MBSFN subframe allocations of all neighbour cells are identical to or subsets of that in the serving cell; Value 3: Different UL/DL allocation in neighbouring cells for TDD compared to the serving cell. Corresponds to NeighCellConfig IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.6 | int[0..3]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.1.8.1 MBSFN Subframe List + +This table contains parameters that define the list of configurations of subframes reserved for MBSFN in downlink. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| radioFrameAllocationPeriod | Radio frames that contain MBSFN subframes occur when equation $\text{SFN mod radioFrameAllocationPeriod} = \text{radioFrameAllocationOffset}$ is satisfied. When value of radioFrameAllocationSize is fourframes, the equation defines the first of the four allocated frames. Value n1 denotes value 1, n2 denotes value 2, and so on. Values n1 and n2 are not applicable when fvalue of radioFrameAllocationSize is fourframes. Corresponds to radioFrameAllocationPeriod IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1. | Enum {n1, n2, n4, n8, n16, n32}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| radioframeAllocationOffset | Radio-frames that contain MBSFN subframes occur when equation $\text{SFN mod radioFrameAllocationPeriod} = \text{radioFrameAllocationOffset}$ is satisfied. Value n1 denotes value 1, n2 denotes value 2, and so on. Corresponds to radioFrameAllocationOffset IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1. | int[0..7]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| radioFrameAllocationSize | Denotes the number of consecutive frames that the MBSFN allocation pertains to. | Enum {1, 4}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| subFrameAllocations | Comma-separated list of items of length 1. If radioFrameAllocationSize is 1 then the length of the list is 6. If radioFrameAllocationSize is 4 then the length of the list is 24. If radioFrameAllocationSize is 1, then item value of "1" denotes that the corresponding subframe is allocated for MBSFN. The following mapping applies in this case: the first item defines the MBSFN allocation for subframe #1, the second item for #2, third item for #3 , fourth item for #6, fifth item for #7, sixth item for #8. If radioFrameAllocationSize is 4, then the allocation applies to subframes #1, #2, #3 , #6, #7, and #8 in the sequence of the four radio-frames. | string (24)

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| syncStratumID | Defines the synchronization stratum level to which the MBSFN configuration applies. | int[1..8]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD | No | + +#### 6.1.1.9 Positioning reference Signals + +This table contains parameters related to Positioning Reference Signals (PRS) configuration. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| NumPRSResourceBlocks | Defines the number of resource blocks used for PRS. Corresponds to the parameter $N_{RB}^{PRS}$ in 3GPP TS 36.211 section 6.10.4.2 | UnsignedInt

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| PRSConfigurationIndex | Corresponds to the PRS configuration index defined as parameter $I_{PRS}$ in 3GPP TS 36.211 section 6.10.4.3 and Table 6.10.4.3-1 | int[0..4095]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| NumConsecutivePRSSubframes | Defines the number of consecutive positioning subframes. Corresponds to the parameter $N_{PRS}$ in 3GPP TS 36.211 section 6.10.4.3. Value n1 corresponds to number 1 etc. | Enum {n1, n2, n4, n6}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.1.10 TDD Frame Structure + +This table contains parameters related to configuration of TDD physical layer frame structure. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| subFrameAssignment | Defines the DL/UL subframe configuration where sa0 corresponds to Configuration 0, sa1 to Configuration 1 and so on. Corresponds to subframAssignment specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and to 3GPP TS 36.211 table 4.2-2. | Enum {sa0, sa1, sa2, sa3, sa4, sa5, sa6}

This parameter is settable by operator. | TDD | No | +| specialSubframePatterns | Defines the configuration of the special subframe that contains the guard period between the downlink and uplink transmissions. Corresponds to the specialSubframePatterns specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and to 3GPP TS 36.211 table 4.2-1. | Enum {ssp0, ssp1, ssp2, ssp3, ssp4, ssp5, ssp6, ssp7, ssp8}

This parameter is settable by operator. | TDD | No | + +#### 6.1.1.11 Power Setting Parameters + +This table contains parameters related to configuration of Power Setting for co-channel E-UTRA Protection. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| PowersettingOffset | Offset Parameter in configuration of Power Setting. Corresponds to parameter X specified in 3GPP TS 36.104 section 6.2.5 and 3GPP TS 36.141 section 6.2.8.1. This parameter is optional. | Enum {30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70}

This parameter is settable by operator. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.2 MAC Layer Parameters + +Tables in below sections summarize the set of proposed MAC Layer objects and parameters. + +#### 6.1.2.1 RACH + +This table contains parameters related to RACH configuration at the MAC level across the cell. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| numberOfRaPreambles | Number of non-dedicated random access preambles. Corresponds to parameter numberOfRA-Preambles specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.1.1. Value n4 corresponds to 4, n8 corresponds to 8 and so on. | Enum{n4,n8,n12,n16,n20,n24,n28,n32,n36,n40,n44,n48,n52,n56,n60,n64}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| sizeOfRaGroupA | Number of non-dedicated random access preambles in Random Access Preambles group A. Corresponds to parameter sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.1.1. Value n4 corresponds to 4, n8 corresponds to 8 and so on. | Enum{n4,n8,n12,n16,n20,n24,n28,n32,n36,n40,n44,n48,n52,n56,n60}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| messageSizeGroupA | Threshold for preamble selection in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.1.2. Corresponds to parameter messageSizeGroupA specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2. Value in bits. Value b56 corresponds to 56 bits, b144 corresponds to 144 bits and so on. | Enum{b56, b144, b208, b256}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| messagePowerOffsetGroupB | Threshold for preamble selection in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.1.2. Corresponds to parameter messagePowerOffsetGroupB specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2. Value in dB. Value dB5 corresponds to 5 dB and so on. | Enum{minusinfinity, dB0, dB5, dB8, dB10, dB12, dB15, dB18}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| powerRampingStep | Power increase factor between subsequent random access preamble transmissions. Value in dB. Value dB2 corresponds to 2 dB and so on. Corresponds to parameter powerRampingStep specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.1.3. | Enum{dB0, dB2, dB4, dB6}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower | This parameter denotes the baseline for computation of the transmit power for random access power transmission. Also used as a parameter in the criteria for preamble selection. Corresponds to parameter preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.1.2. and section 5.1.3. Value in dBm. Value dBm-120 corresponds to -120 dBm and so on. | Enum{dBm-120, dBm-118, dBm-116, dBm-114, dBm-112, dBm-110, dBm-108, dBm-106, dBm-104, dBm-102, dBm-100, dBm-98, dBm-96, dBm-94, dBm-92, dBm-90}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| preambleTransMax | Maximum number of random access preamble transmissions. Corresponds to parameter preambleTransMax specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.1.4 and section 5.1.5 | Enum{n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n10, n20, n50, n100, n200}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ResponseWindowSize | Denotes the duration of the random access response window. Corresponds to parameter ra-ResponseWindowSize specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.1.4. Value sfn corresponds to n subframes. | Enum{sf2, sf3, sf4, sf5, sf6, sf7, sf8, sf10}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ContentionResolutionTimer | Contention resolution timer. Corresponds to parameter mac-ContentionResolutionTimer specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.1.5. Value sfn corresponds to n subframes. | Enum{sf8, sf16, sf24, sf32, sf40, sf48, sf56, sf64}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| maxHARQ-Msg3Tx | Maximum number of Msg3 HARQ transmissions by RRC. Corresponds to parameter maxHARQ-Msg3Tx specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.4.2.2 | int[1..8]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.2.2 DRX + +This table contains parameters related to DRX configuration. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| drxEnabled | This parameter indicates whether DRX operation is enabled (TRUE) or not (FALSE). Corresponds to drx-Configuration IE defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2. | Boolean

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| onDurationTimer | Part of the DRX cycle during which UE actively monitors PDCCH. Value in number of PDCCH sub-frames. Value psf1 corresponds to 1 PDCCH sub-frame, psf2 corresponds to 2 PDCCH sub-frames and so on. Corresponds to parameter onDurationTimer specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.7. | Enum{psf1, psf2, psf3, psf4, psf5, psf6, psf8, psf10, psf20, psf30, psf40, psf50, psf60, psf80, psf100, psf200}

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| drxInactivityTimer | Denotes the number of inactive consecutive PDCCH-subframe(s) that will activate short DRX cycle. Value in number of PDCCH sub-frames. Value psf1 corresponds to 1 PDCCH sub-frame, psf2 corresponds to 2 PDCCH sub-frames and so on. Corresponds to parameter drx-InactivityTimer specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.7. | Enum{psf1, psf2, psf3, psf4, psf5, psf6, psf8, psf10, psf20, psf30, psf40, psf50, psf60, psf80, psf100, psf200, psf300, psf500, psf750, psf1280, psf1920, psf2560, spare10, spare9, spare8, spare7, spare6, spare5, spare4, spare3, spare2, spare1}

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| drxRetransmissionTimer | Specifies the maximum number of consecutive PDCCH-subframe(s) UE must remain active expecting a DL retransmission. The timer is started when a HARQ RTT Timer expires and the data in the soft buffer of the corresponding HARQ process was not successfully decoded. There is one timer for each active HARQ process. Value in number of PDCCH sub-frames. Value psf1 corresponds to 1 PDCCH sub-frame, psf2 corresponds to 2 PDCCH sub-frames and so on. Corresponds to parameter drx-RetransmissionTimer specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.7. | Enum{psf1, psf2, psf4, psf6, psf8, psf16, psf24, psf33}

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|--------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| longDRXCycle | Long DRX Cycle value in number of subframes. Value sf10 corresponds to 10 subframes, sf20 corresponds to 20 subframes and so on. If shortDRX-Cycle is configured, the value shall be a multiple of the shortDRXCycle value. Corresponds to longDRX-Cycle parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.7. | Enum{sf10, sf20, sf32, sf40, sf64, sf80, sf128, sf160, sf256, sf320, sf512, sf640, sf1024, sf1280, sf2048, sf2560}

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| drxStartOffset | Parameter used to compute the starting frame of the DRX cycle. The value is integer between zero and longDRXCycle-1. Corresponds to drxStartOffset parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.7. | int[0..(longDRXCycle-1)]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| shortDRXCycle | Short DRX Cycle value in number of subframes. Value sf10 corresponds to 10 subframes, sf20 corresponds to 20 subframes and so on. If shortDRX-Cycle is configured, the value of longDRXCycle shall be a multiple of the shortDRXCycle value. Corresponds to shortDRX-Cycle parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.7. | Enum{sf2, sf5, sf8, sf10, sf16, sf20, sf32, sf40, sf64, sf80, sf128, sf160,sf256, sf320, sf512, sf640}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| drxShortCycleTimer | Duration of the short DRX cycle in multiples of shortDRXCycle. Denotes the number of consecutive subframe(s) the UE shall follow the short DRX cycle after the DRX Inactivity Timer has expired. Corresponds to drxShortCycleTimer parameter specified in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.7. | Int[1..16]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.2.3 Uplink SCH + +This table contains parameters related to UL SCH configuration. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| maxHARQ-Tx | Maximum number of UL HARQ transmissions. Corresponds to parameter maxHARQ-Tx specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.4.2.2 | Enum{n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n10, n12, n16, n20, n24, n28, spare2, spare1}

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| periodicBSR-Timer | Timer for Periodic BSR reporting. UE transmits periodic BSR at the expiration of this timer. Corresponds to parameter periodicBSR-Timer specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.4.5 Value sfn corresponds to n subframes. | Enum{sf5, sf10, sf16, sf20, sf32, sf40, sf64, sf80, sf128, sf160, sf320, sf640, sf1280, sf2560, infinity, spare1} | TDD/FDD | No | +| retxBSR-Timer | Timer for Regular BSR reporting. UE transmits a Regular BSR at the expiration of this timer if data is available in the buffer. Corresponds to parameter retxBSR-Timer specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.4.5 Value sfn corresponds to n subframes. | Enum{sf320, sf640, sf1280, sf2560, sf5120, sf10240, spare2, spare1}

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ttiBundling | Enables/disables TTI bundling. Corresponds to parameter ttiBundling specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.4.2.1. | Boolean

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.3 RLC Layer Parameters + +Tables in below sections summarize the set of proposed RLC Layer objects and parameters. + +#### 6.1.3.1 SRB + +This table contains parameters related to AM RLC layer parameters for SRB $i$ , where $i$ can be 1 or 2. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| DefaultConfiguration | If the value is TRUE, the RLC configuration is set to the values defined in the default RLC configuration for SRB1 and SRB2 in 3GPP 36.331 sub-clause 9.2.1.1 or for SRB2 in 3GPP 36.331 sub-clause 9.2.1.2. In this case, the values of parameters t-PollRetransmit, pollPDU, pollByte, maxRetxThreshold, t-Reordering, t-Statusprohibit are ignored. | Boolean

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| t-PollRetransmit | Timer between successive poll transmissions. Value ms5 means 5ms, ms10 means 10ms and so on.
Corresponds to t-PollRetransmit IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 36.322 section 5.2.2. | Enum{ms5, ms10, ms15, ms20, ms25, ms30, ms35, ms40, ms45, ms50, ms55, ms60, ms65, ms70, ms75, ms80, ms85, ms90, ms95, ms100, ms105, ms110, ms115, ms120, ms125, ms130, ms135, ms140, ms145, ms150, ms155, ms160, ms165, ms170, ms175, ms180, ms185, ms190, ms195, ms200, ms205, ms210, ms215, ms220, ms225, ms230, ms235, ms240, ms245, ms250, ms300, ms350, ms400, ms450, ms500, spare9, spare8, spare7, spare6, spare5, spare4, spare3, spare2, spare1}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| pollPDU | Counter of PDUs between successive poll transmissions. Value p4 means 4 PDUs, p8 means 8 PDUs and so on.
Corresponds to pollPDU IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 36.322 section 5.2.2.1 | Enum{p4, p8, p16, p32, p64, p128, p256, plInfinity}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| pollByte | Counter of PDU bytes transmitted between successive poll transmissions. Value kB25 corresponds to 25 kBytes, kB50 to 50 kBytes and so on. kBinfinity corresponds to an infinite amount of kBytes. Corresponds to pollByte IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 36.322 section 5.2.2.1 |

Enum{kB25, kB50, kB75, kB100, kB125, kB250, kB375, kB500, kB750, kB1000, kB1250, kB1500, kB2000, kB3000, kBinfinity, spare1}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from.

| TDD/FDD | No | +| maxRetxThreshold | This parameter is used by the transmitting side of each RLC entity to limit the number of retransmissions of an AMD PDU. Corresponds to maxRetxThreshold IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.322 section 5.2.1. Value t1 corresponds to 1 retransmission, t2 to 2 retransmissions and so on. |

Enum{t1, t2, t3, t4, t6, t8, t16, t32}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from.

| TDD/FDD | No | +| t-Reordering | This timer is used by the receiving side of an RLC entity in order to detect loss of RLC PDUs at lower layer. Corresponds to t-Reordering IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.322 section 5.1.2.2. and 5.1.3.2. Value ms0 means 0ms, ms5 means 5ms and so on. |

Enum{ms0, ms5, ms10, ms15, ms20, ms25, ms30, ms35, ms40, ms45, ms50, ms55, ms60, ms65, ms70, ms75, ms80, ms85, ms90, ms95, ms100, ms110, ms120, ms130, ms140, ms150, ms160, ms170, ms180, ms190, ms200, spare1}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.

| TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| t-StatusProhibit | This timer is used by the receiving side of an AM RLC entity in order to prohibit transmission of a STATUS PDU. Corresponds to t-StatusProhibit IE specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.322 section 5.2.3. Value ms0 means 0ms, ms5 means 5ms and so on. | Enum{ms0, ms5, ms10, ms15, ms20, ms25, ms30, ms35, ms40, ms45, ms50, ms55, ms60, ms65, ms70, ms75, ms80, ms85, ms90, ms95, ms100, ms105, ms110, ms115, ms120, ms125, ms130, ms135, ms140, ms145, ms150, ms155, ms160, ms165, ms170, ms175, ms180, ms185, ms190, ms195, ms200, ms205, ms210, ms215, ms220, ms225, ms230, ms235, ms240, ms245, ms250, ms300, ms350, ms400, ms450, ms500, spare8, spare7, spare6, spare5, spare4, spare3, spare2, spare1}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.4 Cell Restriction Parameters + +Tables in below sections summarize the set of proposed cell restriction. + +#### 6.1.4.1 Cell barring and Access Class + +This table contains cell barring and 3GPP access class parameters. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| CellBarred | Indicates whether the HeNB is barred or not. Corresponds to parameter CellBarred specified in SIB1 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.2.2. | Enum{barred, notBarred}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| CellReservedForOperatorUse | Indicates whether the HeNB is reserved for operator's use or not. Corresponds to parameter cellReservedForOperatorUse specified in SIB1 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.2.2. | Enum{reserved, notReserved}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| BarringForEmergency | Indicates whether the HeNB is barred for Access Class 10 (TRUE) or not (FALSE). Corresponds to parameter ac-BarringForEmergency specified in SIB2 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1. | Boolean

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.5 Mobility Parameters + +#### 6.1.5.1 Idle Mode Mobility Parameters + +Tables in below sections summarize the set of proposed idle mode mobility objects and parameters. + +##### 6.1.5.1.1 Common Parameters + +This table contains common parameters related to idle mode mobility. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| QHyst | Hysteresis value applied to serving cell for evaluating cell ranking criteria. Value in dB. Corresponds to parameter q-Hyst specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | Enum{dB0, dB1, dB2, dB3, dB4, dB5, dB6, dB8, dB10, dB12, dB14, dB16, dB18, dB20, dB22, dB24}

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| QHystSFMedium | Speed-dependent scaling factor for Qhyst in Medium-mobility state. Value dBn represents n dB. Corresponds to parameter q-HystSF:sf-Medium specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{dB-6, dB-4, dB-2, dB0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| QHystSFHigh | Speed-dependent scaling factor for Qhyst in High-mobility state. Value dBn represents n dB. Corresponds to parameter q-HystSF:sf-High specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{dB-6, dB-4, dB-2, dB0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TEvaluation | Specifies the duration for evaluating allowed amount of cell reselection(s) required to enter mobility states. Value in seconds, s30 corresponds to 30 seconds and so on. Corresponds to parameter t-Evaluation specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and to parameter TCRmax specified in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{s30, s60, s120, s180, s240, spare3, spare2, spare1}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| THystNormal | The additional duration for evaluating criteria to enter normal mobility state. Specifies the additional time period for evaluating criteria to enter Normal-mobility state. Value in seconds, s30 corresponds to 30 seconds and so on. Corresponds to parameter t-HystNormal specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and to parameter TCRmaxHyst specified in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{s30, s60, s120, s180, s240, spare3, spare2, spare1}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| NCellChangeMedium | Specifies the number of cell reselections within Tevaluation to enter Medium-mobility state. Corresponds to parameter n-cellChangeMedium specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and to parameter NCR_M specified in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | int[1..16]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| NCellChangeHigh | Specifies the number of cell reselections within Tevaluation to enter High-mobility state. Corresponds to parameter n-cellChangeHigh specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and to parameter NCR_H specified in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | int[1..16]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.5.1.2 Intra-Frequency Parameters + +This table contains frequency-specific parameters related to idle mode mobility within the serving frequency. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| QRxLevMinSIB1 | Minimum required minimum received RSRP level of a E-UTRA cell for cell selection. Actual value in dBm is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter q-rxLevMin in SIB1 in 3GPP TS 36.331 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.3.2. | int[-70..-22]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| QRxLevMinSIB3 | Minimum required minimum received RSRP level for intra-frequency E-UTRA cell re-selection. Actual value in dBm is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter q-rxLevMin in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.3.2. | int[-70..-22]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| QRxLevMinOffset | Offset with respect to QrxLevMin taken into account in the computation of Srxlev for cell selection evaluation of cells detected during a periodic search for a higher priority PLMN while camped normally in a VPLMN. Actual value in dBm is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter q-rxLevMinOffset in SIB1 specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.2.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.3.2. | int[1..8]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| SIntraSearch | Threshold for intra-frequency measurements. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter s-IntraSearch specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..31]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionEUTRA | Cell reselection timer for intra frequency E-UTRA cell reselection. Value in seconds. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionEUTRA specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int{0..7}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| SNonIntraSearch | Threshold for inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements with lower or equal priority. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter s-NonIntraSearch specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..31]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| CellReselectionPriority | Absolute priority of the E-UTRAN serving carrier frequency used in the inter-frequency and inter-RAT cell reselection procedure. Corresponds to parameter CellReselectionPriority specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..7]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| PMax | This parameter is used to limit the allowed UE uplink transmission power on the serving frequency. It is used to calculate the parameter Pcompensation defined in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.3.2. Value in dBm. Corresponds to parameter p-Max specified in SIB1 and SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1. | int[-30..33]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ThreshServingLow | Threshold for serving frequency used in evaluation of reselection towards lower priority E-UTRAN frequency or RA. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter threshServingLow specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..31]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionEUTRA-SFMedium | Specifies scaling factor for intra-frequency TreseletionEUTRA in Medium-mobility state. Value oDot25 corresponds to 0.25, oDot5 corresponds to 0.5 etc. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionEUTRA-SF:sf-Medium specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{oDot25, oDot5, oDot75, lDot0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionEUTRA-SFHigh | Specifies scaling factor for intra-frequency TreseletionEUTRA in High-mobility state. Value oDot25 corresponds to 0.25, oDot5 corresponds to 0.5 etc. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionEUTRA-SF:sf-High specified in SIB3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{oDot25, oDot5, oDot75, lDot0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.5.1.3 Inter-Frequency Parameters + +This table contains information about other E-UTRA frequencies relevant for inter-frequency cell re-selection within E-UTRAN. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| EUTRACarrierARFCN | Indicates the ARFCN of this frequency carrier. Corresponds to parameter dl-CarrierFreq in SIB5 in 3GPP TS 36.331. | int[0..65535]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| QRxLevMinSIB5 | Required minimum received RSRP level on this E-UTRA frequency carrier. Actual value in dBm is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter q-rxLevMin in SIB5 in 3GPP TS 36.331 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.3.2. | int[-70..-22]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| QOffsetFreq | Offset applicable between serving and this frequency carrier. Actual value in dBm is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter q-OffsetFreq in SIB5 specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.4.2.6. | ENUMERATED {dB-24, dB-22, dB-20, dB-18, dB-16, dB-14, dB-12, dB-10, dB-8, dB-6, dB-5, dB-4, dB-3, dB-2, dB-1, dB0, dB1, dB2, dB3, dB4, dB5, dB6, dB8, dB10, dB12, dB14, dB16, dB18, dB20, dB22, dB24}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionEUTRA | Cell reselection timer for inter-frequency cell reselection to this E-UTRA frequency carrier. Value in seconds. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionEUTRA specified in SIB5 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..7]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| CellReselectionPriority | Absolute priority of this E-UTRA frequency carrier, as used by the inter-frequency cell reselection procedure. Corresponds to parameter CellReselectionPriority specified in SIB5 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..7]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| ThreshXHigh | Threshold used when reselecting from a lower priority E-UTRAN frequency. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter threshX-High specified in SIB5 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.5. | int[0..31]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ThreshXLow | Threshold used when reselecting from a higher priority E-UTRAN frequency. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter threshX-Low specified in SIB5 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.5. | int[0..31]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| PMax | This parameter is used to limit the allowed UE uplink transmission power on this carrier frequency. It is used to calculate the parameter Pcompensation defined in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.3.2. Value in dBm. Corresponds to parameter p-Max specified in SIB5 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1. | int[-30..33]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionEUTRA-SFMedium | Specifies scaling factor for TReselectionEUTRA for inter-frequency reselection to this frequency carrier in Medium-mobility state. Value oDot25 corresponds to 0.25, oDot5 corresponds to 0.5 etc. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionEUTRA-SF:sf-Medium specified in SIB5 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{oDot25, oDot5, oDot75, lDot0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionEUTRA-SFHigh | Specifies scaling factor for TReselectionEUTRA for inter-frequency reselection to this frequency carrier in High-mobility state. Value oDot25 corresponds to 0.25, oDot5 corresponds to 0.5 etc. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionEUTRA-SF:sf-High specified in SIB5 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{oDot25, oDot5, oDot75, lDot0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.5.1.4 IRAT from E-UTRA to UTRA + +This table contains information about UTRA relevant for inter-RAT cell re-selection from E-UTRA to UTRA. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| TReselectionUTRA | Cell reselection timer for reselection to a UTRA frequency carrier. Value in seconds. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionUTRA specified in SIB6 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int{0..7}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionUTRA-SFMedium | Specifies scaling factor for TReselectionUTRA for inter-RAT reselection to UTRA in Medium-mobility state. Value oDot25 corresponds to 0.25, oDot5 corresponds to 0.5 etc. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionUTRA-SF:sf-Medium specified in SIB6 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{oDot25, oDot5, oDot75, lDot0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionUTRA-SFHigh | Specifies scaling factor for TReselectionUTRA for inter-frequency reselection to this frequency carrier in High-mobility state. Value oDot25 corresponds to 0.25, oDot5 corresponds to 0.5 etc. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionUTRA-SF:sf-High specified in SIB6 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{oDot25, oDot5, oDot75, lDot0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.5.1.5 IRAT from E-UTRA to UTRAN FDD + +This table contains information about UTRA FDD frequency carriers relevant for inter-RAT cell re-selection from E-UTRA to UTRAN FDD. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| UTRACarrierARFCN | Indicates the ARFCN of the frequency carrier. Corresponds to parameter dl-CarrierFreq in SIB6 in 3GPP TS 36.331. | int[0..16383]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| QRxLevMin | Required minimum received RSCP level on this UTRA frequency carrier. Actual value in dBm is obtained by multiplying by 2 plus 1. Corresponds to parameter q-rxLevMin in SIB6 in 3GPP TS 36.331 and in 3GPP TS 25.304. | int[-60, -13]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| QQualMin | Required minimum received EcIo level on this UTRA FDD carrier. Value in dB. Corresponds to parameter q-QualMin in SIB6 in 3GPP TS 36.331 and in 3GPP TS 25.304. | int[-24,0]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| CellReselectionPriority | Absolute priority of this UTRA FDD frequency carrier, as used by the inter-frequency cell reselection procedure. Corresponds to parameter CellReselectionPriority specified in SIB6 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..7]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ThreshXHigh | Threshold used when reselecting towards a higher priority UTRA FDD frequency. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter threshX-High specified in SIB6 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.5. | int[0..31]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ThreshXLow | Threshold used when reselecting towards a lower priority UTRA FDD frequency. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter threshX-Low specified in SIB6 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.5. | int[0..31]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| PMaxUTRA | This parameter is used to limit the allowed UE uplink transmission power on this UTRA FDD carrier frequency. It is used to calculate the parameter Pcompensation defined in 3GPP TS 25.304. Value in dBm. Corresponds to parameter p-MaxUTRA specified in SIB6 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1. | int[-50..33]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.5.1.6 IRAT from E-UTRA to GERAN + +This table contains information about GERAN relevant for inter-RAT cell re-selection from E-UTRA to GERAN. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| TReselectionGERAN | Cell reselection timer for reselection to a GERAN frequency carrier. Value in seconds. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionGERAN specified in SIB7 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and to TreselectionGERA in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..7]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionGERAN-SFMedium | Specifies scaling factor for TreselectionGERAN for inter-RAT reselection to GERAN in Medium-mobility state. Value oDot25 corresponds to 0.25, oDot5 corresponds to 0.5 etc. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionGERAN-SF:sf-Medium specified in SIB7 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{oDot25, oDot5, oDot75, lDot0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionGERAN-SFHigh | Specifies scaling factor for TreselectionGERAN for inter-RAT reselection to GERAN in High-mobility state. Value oDot25 corresponds to 0.25, oDot5 corresponds to 0.5 etc. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionGERAN-SF:sf-High specified in SIB7 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{oDot25, oDot5, oDot75, lDot0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.5.1.7 GERAN Frequency Groups + +This table contains information about GERAN groups of frequency carriers relevant for inter-RAT cell re-selection from E-UTRA to GERAN. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| QRxLevMin | Required minimum received RSSI level on this GERAN frequency carrier for re-selection to this UTRA FDD carrier. Actual value in dBm is value * 2 - 115. Corresponds to parameter q-rxLevMin in SIB7 in 3GPP TS 36.331 and to RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN in 3GPP TS 45.008. | int[0..45]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| cellReselectionPriority | Absolute priority of this GERAN frequency group, as used by the inter-frequency cell reselection procedure. Corresponds to parameter CellReselectionPriority specified in SIB7 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..7]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ThreshXHigh | Threshold used when reselecting towards a higher priority GERAN frequency group than current serving E-UTRA frequency. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter threshX-High specified in SIB7 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.5. | int[0..31]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ThreshXLow | Threshold used when reselecting towards a lower priority GERAN frequency group than current serving E-UTRA frequency. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter threshX-Low specified in SIB7 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.5. | int[0..31]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.5.1.7A IRAT from E-UTRAN to CDMA2000 + +This table contains information about CDMA2000 relevant for inter-RAT cell re-selection from E-UTRA to CDMA2000. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| SearchWindowSize | CDMA2000 parameter affecting the search for neighbouring CDMA2000 pilots. Corresponds to parameter searchWindowSize in SIB8 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP2 C.S0005-A Table 2.6.6.2.1-1 and C.S0024-A Table 8.7.6.2-4. | int[0..15]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionCDMA2000 | Cell reselection timer for reselection to a CDMA2000 band. Value in seconds. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionCDMA2000 specified in SIB8 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and to TresellectionCDMA_HRPD or TresellectionCDMA_1xRTT in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..7]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionCDMA2000-SFMedium | Specifies scaling factor for TReselectionCDMA2000 for inter-RAT reselection to CDMA2000 in Medium-mobility state. Value oDot25 corresponds to 0.25, oDot5 corresponds to 0.5 etc. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionCDMA2000-SF:sf-Medium specified in SIB8 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{oDot25, oDot5, oDot75, lDot0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TReselectionCDMA2000-SFHigh | Specifies scaling factor for TReselectionCDMA2000 for inter-RAT reselection to CDMA2000 in High-mobility state. Value oDot25 corresponds to 0.25, oDot5 corresponds to 0.5 etc. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionCDMA2000-SF:sf-High specified in SIB8 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.3. | Enum{oDot25, oDot5, oDot75, lDot0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.5.1.8 CDMA2000 Bands for IRAT + +This table contains information about CDMA2000 bands relevant for inter-RAT cell re-selection from E-UTRA to CDMA2000. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| BandClass | Denotes the CDMA2000 band in which the CDMA2000 carrier frequency can be found, as defined in 3GPP2 C.S0057-B Table 1.5-1. Corresponds to parameter bandClass specified in SIB8 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1. | ENUMERATED
{bc0, bc1, bc2, bc3, bc4, bc5, bc6, bc7, bc8, bc9, bc10, bc11, bc12, bc13, bc14, bc15, bc16, bc17, spare14, spare13, spare12, spare11, spare10, spare9, spare8, spare7, spare6, spare5, spare4, spare3, spare2, spare1, ...} | TDD/FDD | No | +| CellReselectionPriority | Absolute priority of this CDMA2000 band, as used by the inter-frequency cell reselection procedure. Corresponds to parameter CellReselectionPriority specified in SIB8 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.7. | int[0..7]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ThreshXHigh | Threshold used when reselecting towards a higher priority CDMA2000 band than current serving E-UTRA frequency. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter threshX-High specified in SIB8 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.5. | int[0..63]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ThreshXLow | Threshold used when reselecting towards a lower priority CDMA2000 band than current serving E-UTRA frequency. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter threshX-Low specified in SIB8 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 and in 3GPP TS 36.304 section 5.2.4.5. | int[0..63]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.5.2 Connected Mode Mobility Parameters + +Tables in below sections summarize the set of proposed connected mode mobility objects and parameters. + +##### 6.1.5.2.1 Common Parameters for E-UTRA + +This table contains common parameters related to intra-EUTRA connected mode mobility. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| FilterCoefficientRSRP | Filtering coefficient used for RSRP measurements. Value fc0 corresponds to k = 0, fc1 corresponds to k = 1, and so on. Corresponds to filterCoefficientRSRP parameter specified in QuantityConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5 | Enum{fc0, fc1, fc2, fc3, fc4, fc5, fc6, fc7, fc8, fc9, fc11, fc13, fc15, fc17, fc19, spare1,...}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| FilterCoefficientRSRQ | Filtering coefficient used for RSRQ measurements. Value fc0 corresponds to k = 0, fc1 corresponds to k = 1, and so on. Corresponds to filterCoefficientRSRQ parameter specified in QuantityConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5 | Enum{fc0, fc1, fc2, fc3, fc4, fc5, fc6, fc7, fc8, fc9, fc11, fc13, fc15, fc17, fc19}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| A1ThresholdRSRP | Threshold to be used in EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a1. Valid only if TriggerQuantity is rsrp . Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133. Corresponds to parameter a1-Threshold:threshold-RSRP specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..97]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| A1ThresholdRSRQ | Threshold to be used in EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a1. Valid only if TriggerQuantity is rsrq . Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133. Corresponds to parameter a1-Threshold:threshold-RSRQ specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..34]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| A2ThresholdRSRP | Threshold to be used in EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a2. Valid only if TriggerQuantity is rsrp . Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133. Corresponds to parameter a2-Threshold:threshold-RSRP specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..97]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| A2ThresholdRSRQ | Threshold to be used in EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a2. Valid only if TriggerQuantity is rsrq. Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133.
Corresponds to parameter a2-Threshold:threshold-RSRQ specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..34]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| A3-Offset | Offset to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a3. Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133.
Corresponds to parameter a3-Offset specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[-30..30]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ReportOnLeave | Indicates whether or not the UE shall initiate the measurement reporting procedure when the leaving condition is met for event a3 for a cell in cellsTriggeredList, as specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 5.5.4.1. | Boolean

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| A4ThresholdRSRP | Threshold to be used in EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a4. Valid only if TriggerQuantity is rsrp. Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133.
Corresponds to parameter a4-Threshold:threshold-RSRP specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..97]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| A4ThresholdRSRQ | Threshold to be used in EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a4. Valid only if TriggerQuantity is rsrq. Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133.
Corresponds to parameter a4-Threshold:threshold-RSRQ specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..34]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| A5Threshold1RSRP | Threshold1 to be used in EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a5. Valid only if TriggerQuantity is rsrp. Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133.
Corresponds to parameter a5-Threshold1:threshold-RSRP specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..97]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| A5Threshold1RSRQ | Threshold1 to be used in EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a5. Valid only if TriggerQuantity is rsrq. Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133.
Corresponds to parameter a5-Threshold1:threshold-RSRQ specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..34]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| A5Threshold2RSRP | Threshold2 to be used in EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a5. Valid only if TriggerQuantity is rsrp. Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133. Corresponds to parameter a5-Threshold2:threshold-RSRP specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..97]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| A5Threshold2RSRQ | Threshold2 to be used in EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a5. Valid only if TriggerQuantity is rsrq. Mapping to actual values is specified in 3GPP TS 36.133. Corresponds to parameter a5-Threshold2:threshold-RSRQ specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..34]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| Hysteresis | Hysteresis applied to entry and leave condition of a report triggering event. Corresponds to parameter hysteresis specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..30]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TimeToTrigger | Time during which measurement report triggering condition needs to be met in order to trigger a measurement report. Corresponds to parameter timeToTrigger specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. Value ms0 corresponds to 0 miliseconds etc. | Enum{ms0, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms100, ms128, ms160, ms256, ms320, ms480, ms512, ms640, ms1024, ms1280, ms2560, ms5120}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TriggerQuantity | Quantities used to evaluate a measurement report triggering condition. The values rsrp and rsrq correspond to Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), respectively. Corresponds to parameter triggerQuantity specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | Enum{rsrp, rsrq}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ReportQuantity | Measurement quantities to be included in the measurement report. The value "both" means that both the RSRP and RSRQ quantities are to be included in the measurement report. Corresponds to parameter reportQuantity specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | Enum{sameAsTriggerQuantity, both}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| MaxReportCells | Maximum number of cells that can be included in a measurement report. Corresponds to parameter maxReportCells specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | Int[1..8]

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ReportInterval | Interval between successive measurement reports. Corresponds to parameter reportInterval specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | Enum{ms120, ms240, ms480, ms640, ms1024, ms2048, ms5120, ms10240, min1, min6, min12, min30, min60, spare3, spare2, spare1}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ReportAmount | Number of times a measurement report is sent. Corresponds to parameter reportAmount specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | {r1, r2, r4, r8, r16, r32, r64, infinity}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +##### 6.1.5.2.2 IRAT + +This table contains parameters related to IRAT connected mode mobility. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| QoffsetUTRA | Indicates a UTRA-specific offset to be applied when evaluating triggering conditions for measurement reporting in connected mode. Corresponds to parameter offsetFreq included in the IE MeasObjectUTRA specified in 3GPP TS 36.331. | Integer [-15:15]

This parameter is settable by operator

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| FilterCoefficientUTRA | Filtering coefficient used for UTRA measurements. Value fc0 corresponds to k = 0, fc1 corresponds to k = 1, and so on. Corresponds to filterCoefficient parameter specified in QuantityConfigUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5 | Enum{fc0, fc1, fc2, fc3, fc4, fc5, fc6, fc7, fc8, fc9, fc11, fc13, fc15, fc17, fc19}

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| MeasQuantityUTRAFD D | Measurement quantity used for UTRA measurements. Corresponds to measQuantityUTRA-FDD parameter specified in QuantityConfigUTRA IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5 | Enum{cpich-RSCP, cpich-EcN0}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| B1ThresholdUTRARSC P | RSCP threshold to be used in UTRA measurement report triggering condition for event b1. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 25.133. Corresponds to parameter b1-ThresholdULTA:utra-RSCP specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[-5..91]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| B1ThresholdUTRA EcN0 | EcN0 threshold to be used in UTRA measurement report triggering condition for event b1. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 25.133. Corresponds to parameter b1-ThresholdULTA:utra-EcN0 specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..49]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| QoffsetGERAN | Indicates a GERAN-specific offset to be applied when evaluating triggering conditions for measurement reporting in connected mode. Corresponds to parameter offsetFreq included in the IE MeasObjectGERAN specified in 3GPP TS 36.331. | Integer [-15:15]

This parameter is settable by operator

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| FilterCoefficientGERAN | Filtering coefficient used for GERAN measurements. Value fc0 corresponds to k = 0, fc1 corresponds to k = 1, and so on. Corresponds to filterCoefficient parameter specified in QuantityConfigGERAN IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5 | Enum{fc0, fc1, fc2, fc3, fc4, fc5, fc6, fc7, fc8, fc9, fc11, fc13, fc15, fc17, fc19}

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| B1ThresholdGERAN | Threshold to be used in GERAN measurement report triggering condition for event b1. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 45.008. Corresponds to parameter b1-ThresholdGERAN specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..63]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| QoffsetCDMA2000 | Indicates a CDMA2000-specific offset to be applied when evaluating triggering conditions for measurement reporting in connected mode. Corresponds to parameter offsetFreq included in the IE MeasObjectCDMA2000 specified in 3GPP TS 36.331. | Integer [-15:15]

This parameter is settable by operator

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| MeasQuantityCDMA2000 | Measurement quantity used for CDMA2000 measurements. Corresponds to measQuantityCDMA2000 parameter specified in QuantityConfigCDMA2000 IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5 | Enum{pilotStrength, pilotPnPhaseAndPilotStrength}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| B1ThresholdCDMA2000 | Threshold to be used in CDMA2000 measurement report triggering condition for event b1. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 45.008. Corresponds to parameter b1-ThresholdCDMA2000 specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..63]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| B2Threshold2UTRAN CP | RSCP threshold to be used in UTRA measurement report triggering condition for event b2. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 25.133. Corresponds to parameter b2-Threshold2UTRA:utra-RSCP specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[-5..91]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| B2Threshold2UTRA EcN0 | EcN0 threshold to be used in UTRA measurement report triggering condition for event b2. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 25.133. Corresponds to parameter b2-Threshold2ULTRA:utra-EcN0 specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..49]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| B2Threshold2GERAN | Threshold to be used in GERAN measurement report triggering condition for event b2. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 45.008. Corresponds to parameter b2-Threshold2GERAN specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..63]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| B2Threshold2CDMA2000 | Threshold to be used in CDMA2000 measurement report triggering condition for event b2. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 45.008. Corresponds to parameter b2-Threshold2CDMA2000 specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..63]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| Hysteresis | Hysteresis applied to entry and leave condition of an IRAT report triggering event. Corresponds to parameter hysteresis specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[0..30]

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TimeToTrigger | Time during which IRAT measurement report triggering condition needs to be met in order to trigger IRAT measurement report. Corresponds to parameter timeToTrigger specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. Value ms0 corresponds to 0 milliseconds etc. | Enum{ms0, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms100, ms128, ms160, ms256, ms320, ms480, ms512, ms640, ms1024, ms1280, ms2560, ms5120}

This parameter is writeable

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from.. | TDD/FDD | No | +| MaxReportCells | Maximum number of IRAT cells that can be included in a measurement report. Corresponds to parameter maxReportCells specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | int[1..8]

This parameter is not writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| ReportInterval | Interval between successive IRAT measurement reports. Corresponds to parameter reportInterval specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | Enum{ms120, ms240, ms480, ms640, ms1024, ms2048, ms5120, ms10240, min1, min6, min12, min30, min60, spare3, spare2, spare1}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| ReportAmount | Number of times an IRAT measurement report is sent. Corresponds to parameter reportAmount specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.5. | {r1, r2, r4, r8, r16, r32, r64, infinity}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.6 RRC Timers and Constants Parameters + +Tables in below sections summarize the set of proposed RRC timers and constant parameters. + +#### 6.1.6.1 RRC Timers + +This table contains RRC timers. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| T300 | Interval between subsequent transmissions of RRCConnectionRequest. | Enum {ms100, ms200, ms300, ms400, ms600, ms1000, ms1500, ms2000}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| T301 | Interval between subsequent transmissions of RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest. | Enum {ms100, ms200, ms300, ms400, ms600, ms1000, ms1500, ms2000}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| T302 | Time to wait for cell reselection or RRConnectionSetup after RRConnectionReject. | Enum {ms100, ms200, ms300, ms400, ms600, ms1000, ms1500, ms2000}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| T304- EUTRA | HO failure timer. Maps to t304 defined within IE MobilityControlInfo in 36.331 and has the set of values as defined in IE MobilityControlInfo | ENUMERATED {ms50, ms100, ms150, ms200, ms500, ms1000, ms2000, spare1},

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| T304-IRAT | HO failure timer. Maps to t304 defined within IE CellChangeOrder in 36.331 and has the set of values as defined in IE CellChangeOrder | ENUMERATED {ms100, ms200, ms500, ms1000, ms2000, ms4000, ms8000, spare1},

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| T310 | RLF declaration timer. | Enum ms0, ms50, ms100, ms200, ms500, ms1000, ms2000}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| T311 | RLF recovery timer. | Enum {ms1000, ms3000, ms5000, ms10000, ms15000, ms20000, ms30000}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| T320 | Time after RRCConnection Release in which cell reselection priority info supplied in RRCConnectionRelease must be observed | ENUMERATED {min5, min10, min20, min30, min60, min120, min180, spare1}
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.6.2 RRC Constants + +This table contains RRC constants. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| N310 | Number of consecutive "out-of-sync" indications received from lower layers that triggers timer T310. Corresponds to parameter n310 specified in UE-TimersAndConstants IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.6 | ENUMERATED {n1, n2, n3, n4, n6, n8, n10, n20}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| N311 | Number of consecutive "in-sync" indications received from lower layers that stops timer T310. Corresponds to parameter n311 specified in UE-TimersAndConstants IE in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.6 | Enum {n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n8, n10}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.7 RF Parameters + +Tables in below sections summarize the set of proposed cell restriction. + +#### 6.1.7.1 RF Configuration + +This table contains parameters relating to the RF configuration. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| EarfcnDl | E-UTRA Absolute Frequency Channel number for the downlink. It provides the frequency channel number for the downlink transmission. Corresponds to parameter $N_{DL}$ specified in 3GPP TS 36.104 Table 5.7.3.1. | INTEGER [0..65535]

This parameter is settable by the operator.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| EarfcnUl | E-UTRA Absolute Frequency Channel number for the uplink. It provides the frequency channel number for the uplink transmission. Corresponds to parameter $N_{UL}$ specified in 3GPP TS 36.104 Table 5.7.3.1. | INTEGER [0..65535]

This parameter is settable by the operator.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| FrequencyBandIndicator | Frequency band indicator defined in 36.101 Table 5.5-1. Corresponds to parameter freqBandIndicator in SIB1 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.2.2. Value n1 corresponds to value 1, n2 corresponds to value 2 etc. | INTEGER [1..40]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| DlBandwidth | Downlink transmission bandwidth. n6 corresponds to 6 resource blocks, n15 to 15 resource blocks and so on. Corresponds to parameter dl_Bandwidth in Master Information Block in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.2.2. and to parameter $N_{RB}$ in 36.101 Table 5.6-1. | Enum{n6, n15, n25, n50, n75, n100}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| UlBandwidth | Uplink transmission bandwidth. n6 corresponds to 6 resource blocks, n15 to 15 resource blocks and so on. Corresponds to parameter ul_Bandwidth in SIB2 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1. and to parameter $N_{RB}$ in 36.101 Table 5.6-1. | Enum{n6, n15, n25, n50, n75, n100}

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| ReferenceSignalPower | The downlink reference-signal transmit power is defined as the linear average over the power contributions (in [W]) of all resource elements that carry cell-specific reference signals within the operating system bandwidth. Value is in dBm. | int[-60..50]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| PhyCellId | Comma-separated list of integers values. Each value is between 0 and 503. Represents the list of physical cell identities HeNB can choose from. | Int[0:503]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| PSCHPowerOffset | Power offset of the Primary Synchronization Channel with respect to the ReferenceSignalPower. Value in dB is the actual value divided by 10. For example, value -30 represents -3dB; value 120 represent 12dB etc. | int[-350:150]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| SSCHPowerOffset | Power offset of the Secondary SynchronizationChannel with respect to the ReferenceSignalPower. Value in dB is the actual value divided by 10. For example, value -30 represents -3dB; value 120 represent 12dB etc. | int[-350:150]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| PBCHPowerOffset | Power offset of the Physical Broadcast Channel with respect to the ReferenceSignalPower. Value in dB is the actual value divided by 10. For example, value -30 represents -3dB; value 120 represent 12dB etc. | int[-350:150]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values and/or range of values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.8 Common E-UTRAN Parameters + +Table below shows common E-UTRAN parameters + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|---------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| CellIdentity | Cell Identity. 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.3.4 | unsignedInt[:268435455]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.9 S1AP Parameters + +Table below shows parameters specific to S1 Application Protocol described in TS 36.413. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| TRelocPrep | Maximum time for the Handover Preparation procedure in the source HeNB. The timer is started when the HeNB sends the HANDOVER REQUIRED message. Upon reception of the HANDOVER COMMAND message the HeNB shall stop the timer. Corresponds to parameter TS1RELOCPrep defined in 3GPP-TS.36.413 Section 8.4.1.2. The valid range is from 0 sec to 30 sec with 0.5 sec increments. The actual value of the timer is obtained by dividing the value of the parameter by 2. | unsignedInt

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TRelocOverall | Maximum time for the protection of the overall handover procedure in the source HeNB. The timer is started reception of the HANDOVER COMMAND message. Corresponds to parameter TS1RELOCOOverall defined in 3GPP-TS.36.413 Section 8.4.1.2. The valid range is from 0 sec to 30 sec with 0.5 sec increments. The actual value of the timer is obtained by dividing the value of the parameter by 2 | unsignedInt[0..60]

This parameter is writeable.

HeMS may provide one or more values for the HeNB to choose from. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.10 S1-U Parameters + +This table contains parameters related to S1-U Parameters. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| GTPUEchoInterval | The amount of time in seconds between each GTP-U Echo Request sent by the HeNB to a GTP-U peer. If the value is 0 then the HeNB will not send GTP-U Echo Requests. If there is no GTP-U path in use then no Echo Request is sent regardless of the setting. The reasoning to have the parameter is if GTP-U Echo is done frequently by all HeNBs it could have a significant impact on the EPC so the operator ought to have control of the HeNB Echo behavior. | Integer Value defined in Seconds and can either be 0 (turned off), or any value above 60 seconds.
Default value = 0

This parameter is writeable. | FDD/TDD | No | + +### 6.1.11 EPC Parameters + +#### 6.1.11.1 General EPC parameters + +Table below shows parameters specific to EPC + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| PLMNList | List (maximum length 6 items) of PLMN Ids (defined as PLMN-IdentityList in SIB1 in 36.331, cl.6.2.2). Each item is PLMN-IdentityInfo which consists of PLMN-Identity and cellReservedForOperatorUse indicator. The first listed PLMN ID is the primary PLMN. This list is broadcast in SIB1. | string

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| TAC | Tracking Area Code for HeNB as specified in SystemInformationBlockType1 message in 36.331 clause 6.2.2.. | string

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| EAID | Emergency Area ID that indicates the area of emergency impact. Corresponds to Emergency Area ID in 3GPP TS 36.413 clause 9.2.1.47. | string

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| NNSFSupported | Denotes whether HeNB supports the NAS Node Selection Function (NNSF) or not. NNSF is described in 3GPP TS 36.300 [28] clause 19.2.1.7 and clause 4.6.1. | Boolean

This parameter is not settable by operator | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.11.2 Quality of Service Configuration Parameters + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| QCI | Denotes the QoS class identity. | unsignedInt[1..20]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| Type | Denotes the type of the QoS class. | Enum{GBR, non-GBR}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| Priority | Denotes the priority of the QoS class | unsignedInt[1:20]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| PacketDelayBudget | Denotes the Packet delay budget. Value in milliseconds. Value ms50 corresponds to 50ms and so on. | Enum{ms50, ms100, ms150, ms200, ms300, ms400, ms500, ms600, ms700, ms800, ms900, ms1000, ms1500, ms2000}

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.12 HeNB GW Parameters + +Table below shows parameters for HeNB GW + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| SecGWServer1 | First SecGW the HeNB attempts to establish connection with. Either hostname or IPaddress. | STRING (64)
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| SecGWServer2 | Second SecGW the HeNB attempts to establish connection with. Either hostname or IPaddress. | STRING (64)
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| SecGWServer3 | Third SecGW the HeNB attempts to establish connection with. Either hostname or IPaddress. | STRING (64)
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| S1SigLinkServerAddressList | . Comma-separated list of addresses of the far end of the S1 signaling link. If the value of the parameter S1ConnectionMode is “all” then HeNB should attempt ot connect to all addresses in the list. If the value of the parameter S1ConnectionMode is “one” then HeNB should attempt to connect to only one address at a time following the ordering in the list. Each address in the list is either hostname or IPaddress. | STRING (256)
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| S1ConnectionMode | Indicates how many of the configured far end S1 link addresses HeNB should attempt to connect to. Controls the use of the parameter S1SigLinkServerAddressList . | Enumerated {one, all}
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.13 Access Management Parameters + +This table contain access management parameters + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| AccessMode | Indicates the type of access mode the HeNB operates in. Enumeration of:
Open Access : Access control is not enforced. CSG Identity is not broadcast;
Closed Access : HeNB operates as a CSG cell;
Hybrid Access : HeNB operates as a CSG cell where at the same time, non-CSG members are allowed access.

Note: This parameter controls the setting of the csg-Indication parameter specified in SIB1 in 3GPP TS 36.331. | String

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| MaxUEsServed | Maximum number of concurrent UEs allowed at a cell. Valid for any AccessMode. A value of -1 allows an unlimited number of concurrent UEs up to the limit of HeNB capacity. The setting does not affect emergency calls. | int[-1:]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| MaxCSGMembers | Maximum number of concurrent CSG member UEs allowed at a hybrid or closed cell. A value of -1 allows an unlimited number of CSG members up to the limit of HeNB capacity. The setting cannot be larger than MaxUEsServed. The setting does not affect emergency calls. 3GPP-TS.22.220. | int[-1:]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| MaxNonCSGMembers | Maximum number of concurrent non-CSG member UEs allowed at a hybrid cell. Valid only if AccessMode is Hybrid Access . The setting cannot be larger than MaxUEsServed. The setting does not affect emergency calls. | int[-1:]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | FFS | +| MaxResourceNonCSG Members | Maximum percentage of PDSCH physical resource blocks that can be assigned to non-CSG members aggregately at one time. | Int[0:100]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| CSGID | Defines the Closed Subscriber Group. Corresponds to parameter csg-Identity in SIB1 in 3GPP TS 36.331. | unsignedInt[:134217727]

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| HNBName | Carries the name of the Home eNB, coded in UTF-8 with variable number of bytes per character. Corresponds to parameter hnb-Name specified in SIB9 in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.1 | string (48)

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | No | +| LIPA Administrative State | Lock/Unlock Local IPAccess (LIPA) functionality | Boolean (True, False)

This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | + +Editor's Note: alignment of access parameter fields in 32.582 and 32.592 is FFS. + +### 6.1.14 Transport parameters + +#### 6.1.14.1 SCTP Parameters + +This table contains parameters relating to SCTP as defined in RFC 4960 and RFC 3873. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| Enable | Enables or disables the whole SCTP object and allows the setup or release of SCTP associations and their related streams. | Can be one of the following Boolean:
Disabled
Enabled
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| HBInterval | Heartbeat interval. | This value is in seconds.
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| MaxAssociationRetransmits | Maximum number of consecutive retransmissions to a peer before an endpoint considers that the peer is unreachable and closes the association. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| MaxInitRetransmits | Number of retransmission per connection-attempt. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0.
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| MaxPathRetransmits | Maximum retransmission per destination address. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0.
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| RTOInitial | Initial value for Retransmit timeout in milliseconds . A retransmission time value of zero means immediate retransmission. | The value is in milliseconds.
Integer value greater than or equal to 0
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| RTOMax | Maximum value for Retransmit timeout in milliseconds . A retransmission time value of zero means immediate retransmission. | The value is in milliseconds.
Integer value greater than or equal to 0
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| RTOMin | Minimum value for Retransmit timeout in milliseconds . A retransmission time value of zero means immediate retransmission. | The value is in milliseconds.
Integer value greater than or equal to 0.
The value of this parameter MUST be lower than or equal to RTOMax .
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| ValCookieLife | Valid cookie life in the 4-way start-up handshake procedure in milliseconds . | The value is in milliseconds.
Integer value greater than or equal to 0.
This parameter is writeable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| OutOfBlues | The number of correctly formed SCTP packets, including the proper checksum, but for which the receiver was unable to identify an appropriate association. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| ChecksumErrors | The number of SCTP packets received with an invalid checksum. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| OutCtrlChunks | The number of SCTP control chunks sent (retransmissions are not included). | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| OutOrderChunks | The number of SCTP ordered data chunks sent (retransmissions are not included). | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| OutUnorderChunks | The number of SCTP unordered chunks (data chunks in which the U bit is set to 1) sent (retransmissions are not included). | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| InCtrlChunks | The number of SCTP control chunks received (no duplicate chunks included). | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| InOrderChunks | The number of SCTP ordered data chunks received (no duplicate chunks included). | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| InUnorderChunks | The number of SCTP unordered chunks (data chunks in which the U bit is set to 1) received (no duplicate chunks included). | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| FragUsrMsgs | The number of user messages that have been sent fragmented. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| ReasmUsrMsgs | The number of user messages that have been received fragmented and submitted to the reassembly process. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| OutSCTPPacks | The number of SCTP packets sent. Retransmitted DATA chunks are included. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| InSCTPPacks | The number of SCTP packets received. Duplicates are included. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| Discontinuity | The time of the last discontinuity. | dateTime | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| AssocNumberOfEntries | The number of entries in the .SCTP Association Table | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | + +#### 6.1.14.2 SCTP Association Parameters + +This table contains parameters relating to SCTP Association. At most one entry in this table can exist with the same values for *PrimaryPeerAddress* and *LocalPort*. All parameters defined below are writable unless identified otherwise. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|--------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| Status | The status of this SCTP association entry. | This is a String that can be
- Disabled
Active (The Association is active.)
Progressing (The Association establishment is in progress.)
ShuttingDown (The Association graceful shutdown is in progress.)
Error (Indicates a locally defined error condition., OPTIONAL) | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| PrimaryPeerAddress | The primary IP address of the peer SCTP association entity. | This is a string that contains the IP Address and can be IPv6 or IPv4. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| LocalPort | The local SCTP port number used for this SCTP association. | This is an integer value in the range of 0 to 63999 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| InStreams | The number of Inbound Streams according to the negotiation at association start-up. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| OutStreams | The number of Outbound Streams according to the negotiation at association start-up. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| StartTime | The start Time for the present SCTP association. | dateTime | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| Discontinuity | The time of the last discontinuity. | dateTime | TDD/FDD | Yes | + +#### 6.1.14.3 Parameters relating to Tunnelling + +This table contains parameters relating to Tunnelling. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| IPsecUsageIndicator | Determines whether IPsec is used or not for the tunnel [37]. | This is a Boolean and can have the following values:
- Enable
- Disable
This parameter is writable. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| IKESANumberOfEntries | The number of entries in the IKE IPsec Security Association Table. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| ChildSANumberOfEntries | The number of entries in the .Transport.Tunnel.ChildSA.{i} table. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| MaxVirtualInterfaces | The maximum number of virtual interfaces. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| VirtualInterfaceNumberOfEntries | The number of entries in the .Transport.Tunnel.VirtualInterface.{i} table. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0. | TDD/FDD | Yes | + +#### 6.1.14.4 IKE IPsec Security Association Table + +This Table contains IPsec Security Association (RFC 4301). At most one entry in this table can exist with the same values for *IPAddress* and *SubnetMask* + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| Status | The status of this IKE Security Association entry. Enumeration of: | This is a string and can have one of the following:
- Disabled
- Active
- Completed
- Progressing
- Error (This value MAY be used by the CPE to indicate a locally defined error condition., OPTIONAL) | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| PeerAddress | The IP address of the peer SecGW. | string | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| CreationTime | The time that the current IKE SA was set up. | dateTime | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| IPAddress | The current IP address assigned to this interface by IKEv2. | string | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| SubnetMask | The current subnet mask assigned to this interface by IKEv2. | string | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| DNSServers | Comma-separated list (maximum length 256) of IPAddresses. Each item is an IP Address of a DNS server for this interface assigned to this interface by IKEv2. | string (256) | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| DHCPServers | Comma-separated list (maximum length 256) of IPAddresses. Each item is an IP address of a DHCP server for this interface.
A non empty list instructs the CPE to send any internal DHCP request to the address contained within this parameter. | string (256) | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| IntegrityErrors | The number of inbound packets discarded by the IKE SA due to Integrity checking errors. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| OtherErrors | The number of inbound packets discarded by the IKE SA due to other errors, such as anti-replay errors. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| AuthErrors | The number of inbound packets discarded by the IKE SA due to authentication errors. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0. | TDD/FDD | Yes | + +#### 6.1.14.5 Child IPsec Security Association Table + +This Table contains Child IPsec Security Association (RFC 4301). At most one entry in this table can exist with a given value for *Security Parameter Index*. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| ParentID | The value MUST be the instance number of a row in the .Transport.Tunnel.IKESA table, or else be 0 if no row is currently referenced. If the referenced row is deleted, the parameter value MUST be set to 0. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | FFS | Yes | +| SPI | SPI value of the Child SA. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | FFS | Yes | +| DirectionOutbound | Traffic Direction.
. | This is a Boolean value and can be:
- True
- False
If true this Child SA refers to outbound traffic.
If false this Child SA refers to inbound traffic | FFS | Yes | +| CreationTime | The time that the current Child SA was set up. | dateTime | FFS | Yes | +| Traffic | The measured traffic in bytes transferred by the Child SA. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | FFS | Yes | +| IntegrityErrors | The number of inbound packets discarded by the Child SA due to integrity checking errors. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | FFS | Yes | +| ReplayErrors | The number of inbound packets discarded by the Child SA due to anti-replay errors. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | FFS | Yes | + +#### 6.1.14.6 Virtual Interfaces of transport tunnel + +This Table defines Virtual Interfaces (RFC 4301). At most one enabled entry in this table can exist with the same values for *CryptoProfile* and *DSCPMarkPolicy*. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| Enable | Enables and disables this entry. | This is a Boolean and can have the following values:
- Enable
- Disable
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| CryptoProfile | The value MUST be the full path name of a row in the .Transport.Security CryptoProfile table. If the referenced object is deleted, the parameter value MUST be set to an empty string. If multiple instances of VirtualInterface point to the same CryptoProfile instance, the associated .Transport.Security.CryptoProfile file determines whether a new IKE session will be created (dynamically) to negotiate the child SA(s) for each of the virtual interfaces; otherwise, they are negotiated through the same IKE session. | String. The value MUST be the full path name of a row in the .Transport.Security CryptoProfile table
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| DSCPMarkPolicy | DSCP to mark the outer IP header for traffic that is associated with this virtual interface.
. | A value of -1 indicates copy from the incoming packet.
A value of -2 indicates automatic marking of DSCP as defined for the UMTS QoS class 3GPP-TS 23.107 [35].
De-tunneled packets are never re-marked
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | + +#### 6.1.14.7 Shared Secret Table + +This table gathers information about all types of shared secret-based credentials (UICC). At most one entry in this table can exist with a given value for *UICCCardID*. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| Enable | Enable or disable this Shared Secret entry | This is a Boolean and can have the following values:
- Enable
- Disable
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| Type | The type of this Shared Secret entry. | String
Enumeration of:
- SIM
- USIM | FFS | Yes | +| Status | The status of this Shared Secret entry. | String
Enumeration of:
- Present
- Not_present
- Error (This value MAY be used by the CPE to indicate a locally defined error condition.) | FFS | Yes | +| UICCCardID | The UICC Card Identifier (UICCID), only numeric values are allowed. ITU-E.118 [7] | This is a string of size 19. | FFS | Yes | + +#### 6.1.14.8 Public Key Table + +. This table gathers information about all types of public key-based credentials, such as X.509 certificates. (RFC 3280). At most one entry in this table can exist with a given value for *SerialNumber* + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| Enable | Enables or disables this Public Key entry. | This is a Boolean and can have the following values:
- Enable
- Disable
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| LastModif | The last modification time of this Public Key entry. | dateTime | FFS | Yes | +| SerialNumber | The Serial Number field in an X.509 certificate | This field is a string of size 64. | FFS | Yes | +| Issuer | The Issuer field in an X.509 certificate; i.e. the Distinguished Name (DN) of the entity who has signed the certificate. | This field is a string of size 256 | FFS | Yes | +| NotBefore | The beginning of the certificate validity period; i.e. the Not Before field in an X.509 certificate. | dateTime | FFS | Yes | +| NotAfter | The end of the certificate validity period; i.e., the Not After field in an X.509 certificate. | dateTime | FFS | Yes | +| Subject | The X.501 Distinguished Name (DN) of the entity associated with the Public Key; i.e., the Subject field in an X.509 certificate. | This field is a string of size 256 | FFS | Yes | +| SubjectAlt | Comma-separated list (maximum length 256) of strings. Each item is a DNS Name.
The Subject Alternative Names extension field in an X.509 certificate. | This field is a string of size 256 | FFS | Yes | + +#### 6.1.14.9 Crypto Profile Table + +This table gathers contains parameters relating to IKEv2 and IPsec crypto profiles, which are essentially a subset of the typical IPsec SPD. RFC 4301. At most one enabled entry in this table can exist with all the same values for *AuthMethod*, *IKEEncrypt*, *IKEPRF*, *IKEIntegrity*, *IKEDH*, *ESPEncrypt* and *ESPIntegrity*. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| Enable | Enables and disables this entry. | This is a Boolean and can have the following values:
- Enable
- Disable
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| AuthMethod | Specifies the Security mechanism and set of credentials used by the HeNB to authenticate itself.
In order to configure the HeNB for both HeNB and hosting-party authentication, the object is populated with an enabled instance of the Pkey object. | This is a String. The value MUST be the full path name of a row in the .Transport.Security.Pkey or .Transport.Security.Secret tables. If the referenced object is deleted, the parameter value MUST be set to an empty string. If an empty string, the HeNB chooses the authentication method based on local policy. This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| MaxChildSA | Controls the maximum number of child Security Associations that can be negotiated by a single IKE session. | Integer value [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| IKEEncrypt | Comma-separated list of strings. IKEv2 encryption algorithm. RFC 4307 | String
Each list item is an enumeration of:
- 3DES-CBC
- AES-CBC
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| IKEPRF | Comma-separated list of strings. IKEv pseudo-random function. (RFC 4307 ) | String
Each list item is an enumeration of
- HMAC-SHA1
- AES-XCBC-PRF-128
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| IKEIntegrity | Comma-separated list of strings. IKEv2 integrity function. RFC 4307 | String
Each list item is an enumeration of:
- HMAC-SHA1-96
- AES-XCBC-MAC-96
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| IKEDH | Comma-separated list of strings. IKEv2 pseudo-random function. RFC 4307 | String
Each list item is an enumeration of:
- 1024
- 2048
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| ESPEncrypt | Comma-separated list of strings. IPsec encryption algorithm. RFC 4307 | String
Each list item is an enumeration of:
- 3DES-CBC
- AES-CBC
- Null
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| ESPIntegrity | Comma-separated list of strings. IPsec integrity function. RFC 4307 | String
Each list item is an enumeration of:
- HMAC-SHA1-96
- AES-XCBC-MAC-96
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| IPsecWindowSize | The size of the Anti-Replay Window. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0
If 0 Sequence Number Verification is disabled.
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| IKERekeyLifetime | IKEv2 SA rekey timeout in seconds . | Integer value greater than or equal to 0
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| IPsecRekeyLifetimeByte | IPsec SA rekey timeout in Kilobytes . | Integer value greater than or equal to 0
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| IPsecRekeyLifetimeTime | IPsec SA rekey timeout in seconds . | Integer value greater than or equal to 0
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| DPDTimer | DPD timeout in seconds . | Integer value greater than or equal to 0
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | +| NATKeepaliveTimer | NAT-T keepalive timeout in seconds . | Integer value greater than or equal to 0
This parameter is writeable. | FFS | Yes | + +### 6.1.15 Neighbor List Parameters + +This table contains parameters related to neighbor list definition for LTE and IRAT.. + +#### 6.1.15.1 LTE cell neighbor list + +The table below contains LTE cell neighbour list. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| PLMNID |

PLMN ID consists of Mobile Country Code (MCC) and Mobile Network Code (MNC) 3GPP-TS.23.003, 3GPP-TS.24.008.

Mobile Country Code consists of three digits and uniquely identifies the country of domicile of the subscriber. Mobile Network Code consists of two or three digits and identifies the Home PLMN within a country. For a 2-digit MNC the total string length of PLMNID is 5.

This parameter is writeable.

| STRING (6) | TDD/FDD | No | +| CID |

Cell Identity. 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.3.4. Combination of PLMNID and CID constitutes the Cell Global ID (CGI).

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER(0..268435455) | TDD/FDD | No | +| EUTRACarrierARFCN |

Indicates the ARFCN of this carrier frequency. Corresponds to parameter dl-CarrierFreq in SIB5 in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.3.1, and parameter NDL in 3GPP TS 36.101 Section 5.7.3. If the value of EUTRACarrierARFCN is the same with the one currently being used by the HeNB, then it implies that this neighbor cell is an intra-frequency cell; otherwise, it is an inter-frequency cell.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER (0..65535) | TDD/FDD | No | +| PhyCellID |

Physical cell ID, as specified in 3GPP-TS 36.211 Section 6.11.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER (0..503) | TDD/FDD | No | +| QOffset |

Indicate a cell-specific offset applicable to a specific neighboring cell. It is used for evaluating the cell as a candidate for cell re-selection in idle mode. Corresponds to parameter q-OffsetCell broadcast in SIB4 for intra-frequency cells and in SIB5 for inter-frequency cells, specified in 3GPP-TS.36.331 section 6.3.1.

This parameter is writeable.

| ENUMERATED {dB-24, dB-22, dB-20, dB-18, dB-16, dB-14, dB-12, dB-10, dB-8, dB-6, dB-5, dB-4, dB-3, dB-2, dB-1, dB0, dB1, dB2, dB3, dB4, dB5, dB6, dB8, dB10, dB12, dB14, dB16, dB18, dB20, dB22, dB24} | TDD/FDD | No | +| CIO |

Cell individual offset applicable to a specific neighboring cell. It is used for evaluating triggering conditions for measurement reporting in connected mode. Specified by cellIndividualOffset in MeasObjectEUTRA IE in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.3.5.

This parameter is writeable.

| ENUMERATED {dB-24, dB-22, dB-20, dB-18, dB-16, dB-14, dB-12, dB-10, dB-8, dB-6, dB-5, dB-4, dB-3, dB-2, dB-1, dB0, dB1, dB2, dB3, dB4, dB5, dB6, dB8, dB10, dB12, dB14, dB16, dB18, dB20, dB22, dB24} | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------|---------|-------------------| +| | The downlink reference-signal transmit power, specified in dBm . Defined as the linear average over the power contributions (in W) of all resource elements that carry cell-specific reference signals within the operating system bandwidth. Corresponds to parameter referenceSignalPower in SIB4 as a part of PDSCH-Config IE in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.3.2. | | TDD/FDD | No | +| RSTxPower | This parameter is writeable. | INTEGER(-60..50) | | | +| Blacklisted | Indicates whether this neighbor cell is allowed for UEs as handover target or not. If true , handover is prohibited towards this cell. If false , handover is allowed toward this cell. This parameter allows this cell to be prohibited as a handover target, while still allowing this cell to be included in the BCCH SIB4 or 5. | | TDD/FDD | No | +| | This parameter is writeable. | BOOLEAN | | | + +#### 6.1.15.2 Inter-RAT UMTS cell neighbor list + +This table provides parameters for inter-RAT UMTS cell neighbour list. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|---------|-------------------| +| PLMNID |

PLMN ID consists of Mobile Country Code (MCC) and Mobile Network Code (MNC) 3GPP-TS.23.003, 3GPP-TS.24.008.

Mobile Country Code consists of three digits and uniquely identifies the country of domicile of the subscriber.

Mobile Network Code consists of two or three digits and identifies the Home PLMN within a country.

For a 2-digit MNC the total string length of PLMNID is 5.

This parameter is writeable.

| STRING(6) | TDD/FDD | No | +| RNCID |

RNC-ID of an intra-freq neighbor cell. It uniquely identifies an RNC within a PLMN.

Normally, RNC-ID consists of 12 bits (i.e. a range of [0:4095]). However, if the value is larger than 4095, then Extended RNC-ID (range of [4096:65535]) is used in RANAP.

The RNC-ID and Extended RNC-ID are combined into a single parameter here as there is no explicit need to have them separated.

3GPP-TS.25.413 Section 9.2.1.39.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER(0..65535) | TDD/FDD | No | +| CID |

Cell Identifier (C-id) that identifies a cell within an RNS. This Cell Identifier together with the controlling RNC (RNC-ID) constitutes the UTRAN Cell ID (UC-ID) and is used to identify a cell uniquely within UTRAN. C-ID is either 12-bit or 16-bit value. 3GPP-TS.25.401 clause 6.1.5 and 3GPP-TS 25.433 clause 9.2.1.9.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER(0..65535) | TDD/FDD | No | +| LAC |

Location Area Code (LAC). The concatenation of PLMN ID (MCC+MNC) and LAC uniquely identifies the Location Area ID (LAI).

The hexadecimal values of 0000 and FFFE are reserved.

3GPP-TS.23.003 Section 4.1 3GPP-TS.25.413 clause 9.2.3.6.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER(1..65535) | TDD/FDD | No | +| RAC |

Routing Area Code (RAC). The concatenation of PLMN ID (MCC+MNC), LAC, and RAC uniquely identifies the Routing Area ID (RAI).

3GPP-TS.23.003 Section 4.2 3GPP-TS.25.413 Section 9.2.3.7

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER(0..255) | TDD/FDD | No | +| URA |

UTRAN Registration Area (URA) 3GPP-TS.23.401.

Indicates to the UE which URA it shall use in case of overlapping URAs.

3GPP-TS.25.331 Section 10.3.2.6.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER(1..65535) | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|---------|-------------------| +| UARFCNUL | The UL UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (UARFCN) in an FDD mode cell. 3GPP-TS.25.433.

This parameter is writeable. | INTEGER(0..16383) | TDD/FDD | No | +| UARFCNDL | The DL UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (UARFCN) in an FDD mode cell. 3GPP-TS.25.433.

This parameter is writeable. | INTEGER(0..16383) | TDD/FDD | No | +| PCPICHScramblingCode | Primary CPICH scrambling code.

This parameter is writeable. | INTEGER(0..511) | TDD/FDD | No | +| PCPICHTxPower | Primary CPICH Tx power in dBm.
Actual values of the power are -10.0 dBm to 50.0 dBm in steps of 0.1 dB. The value of PCPICHTxPower divided by 10 yields the actual value of the power.
3GPP-TS.32.642 Section 6.3.11, 3GPP-TS.25.433 Section 2.2.33.

This parameter is writeable. | INTEGER(-100..500) | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.15.3 Inter-RAT GSM cell neighbor list + +This table defines parameters for inter-RAT GSM cell neighbor list. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|---------|-------------------| +| PLMNID |

PLMN ID consists of Mobile Country Code (MCC) and Mobile Network Code (MNC) 3GPP-TS.23.003, 3GPP-TS.24.008.

Mobile Country Code consists of three digits and uniquely identifies the country of domicile of the subscriber.

Mobile Network Code consists of two or three digits and identifies the Home PLMN within a country.

For a 2-digit MNC the total string length of PLMNID is 5.

This parameter is writeable.

| STRING(6) | TDD/FDD | No | +| LAC |

Location Area Code (LAC). The concatenation of PLMN ID (MCC+MNC) and LAC uniquely identifies the Location Area ID (LAI). 3GPP-TS.23.003 Section 4.1 3GPP-TS.25.413 Section 9.2.3.6.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER(0..65535) | TDD/FDD | No | +| BSIC |

BSIC of the cell per 3GPP-TS.23.003, consisting of:

Bit 7:6 – not used (“00”)

Bit 5:3 – NCC (PLMN Color Code)

Bit 2:0 – BCC (BS color code)

For example, if NCC is 7 and BCC is 2 you would have 00111010 (binary) or 0x3A (hex), and the value of this parameter would be 58.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER(0..255) | TDD/FDD | No | +| CI |

Cell ID of the cell per 3GPP-TS.23.003 Section 4.3.1.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER(0..65535) | TDD/FDD | No | +| BandIndicator |

Indicates how to interpret the BCCH ARFCN. Enumeration of:

GSM 850

GSM 900

DCS 1800

PCS 1900

This parameter is writeable.

| STRING | TDD/FDD | No | +| BCCHARFCN |

ARFCN of this cell.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER(0..1023) | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.15.4 Inter-RAT CDMA2000 cell neighbor list + +This table defines parameters for inter-RAT CDMA2000 cell neighbor list. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| BandClass |

Defines the CDMA2000 band in which the CDMA2000 carrier frequency can be found, specified in bandclass number. BandClass is defined in 3GPP2 C.S0057-B Table 1.5-1. Corresponds to parameter bandClass specified in SIB8 in 3GPP-TS 36.331 Section 6.3.1.

This parameter is writeable.

| ENUMERATED {bc0, bc1, bc2, bc3, bc4, bc5, bc6, bc7, bc8, bc9, bc10, bc11, bc12, bc13, bc14, bc15, bc16, bc17, spare14, spare13, spare12, spare11, spare10, spare9, spare8, spare7, spare6, spare5, spare4, spare3, spare2, spare1, ...} | TDD/FDD | No | +| ARFCN |

Defines the CDMA2000 carrier frequency within a CDMA2000 band, as specified by ARFCN-ValueCDMA2000 in SIB8 in 3GPP-TS 36.331 Section 6.3.1.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER (0..2047) | TDD/FDD | No | +| PNoffset |

Defines the PNoffset that represents the "Physical cell identity" in CDMA2000 system, as specified by PhysCellIdCDMA2000 in SIB8 in 3GPP-TS 36.331 Section 6.3.1.

This parameter is writeable.

| INTEGER (0..511) | TDD/FDD | No | +| Type |

Indicates the type of the cell. This parameter determines the length of the CID parameter. Enumeration of:
1xRTT
HRPD

This parameter is writeable.

| ENUMERATED{1xRTT, HRPD} | TDD/FDD | No | +| CID |

Defines the global cell identity of the cell. For a 1xRTT cell, the cell identity is a binary string 47 bits long. For a HRPD cell, the cell identity is a binary string 128 bits long. The value of CID parameter is interpreted as 128-bit long unsigned integer. If Type is 1xRTT, the first 47 bits (6 octet) is used and the rest of this CID parameter MUST be ignored by the CPE. If Type is HRPD, the entire 16 octet is used as CID. Corresponds to IE CellGlobalIdCDMA2000 specified in 3GPP-TS.36.331 section 6.3.4.

This parameter is writeable.

| STRING(16) | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.16 LTE REM parameters + +Table 1 and 2 below show the proposed REM object for LTE EUTRAN cell(s) detected, covering both intra-freq and inter-freq cells detected (SIB4 and SIB5 in RRC [34]). + +Table 3 in Clause 6.1.16.3 shows parameters for the purpose of carrier frequency measurement at HeNB. HeNB may measure the specific frequency range to identify the signal quality in which the HeNB service is to be deployed. This range may or may not be associated with any particular LTE cells that may be detected by the HeNB. + +#### 6.1.16.1 LTE RF parameters + +Table 1: LTE RF paramaters + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| EUTRACarrierARFCN | Indicates the ARFCN of this carrier frequency. Corresponds to parameter dl-CarrierFreq in SIB5 in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.3.1, and parameter NDL in 3GPP TS 36.101 Section 5.7.3. This parameter is not writeable. | INTEGER (0..65535) | TDD/FDD | No | +| PhyCellID | Physical cell ID of the detected EUTRAN cell, as specified in 3GPP-TS.36.101 Section 5.6. This parameter is not writeable. | INTEGER (0..503) | TDD/FDD | No | +| RSRP | Received RSRP level of the detected EUTRA cell, specified in dBm, as specified in 3GPP-TS.36.214 Section 5.1.1. The reporting range is specified in 3GPP-TS.36.133 Section 9.1.4. This parameter is not writeable. | INTEGER (-140..-44) | TDD/FDD | No | +| RSRQ | Received RSRQ level of the detected EUTRA cell, specified in dB, as specified in 3GPP-TS.36.214 Section 5.1.3. Actual measured values range between -24.0 and 0.0 in steps of 0.5. The value of RSRP parameter divided by 2 yields the actual measured value. Only values in multiple of 5 are valid. This parameter is not writeable. | INTEGER (-48..0) | TDD/FDD | No | +| RSSI | E-UTRA Carrier Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), comprises the linear average of the total received power (in [W]) observed only in OFDM symbols containing reference symbols for antenna port 0, in the measurement bandwidth, over N number of resource blocks by the UE from all sources, including co-channel serving and non-serving cells, adjacent channel interference, thermal noise etc. | INTEGER (-110dBm .. -19dBm) | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.16.2 LTE BCCH parameters + +**Table 2: LTE BCCH parameters** + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| DLBandwidth | Downlink transmission bandwidth, specified in number of resource blocks . Corresponds to parameter dl_Bandwidth in Master Information Block in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.2.2. and to parameter NRB in 3GPP-TS.36.101 Table 5.6-1.
This parameter is not writeable. | ENUMERATED
{n6, n15, n25, n50, n75, n100} | TDD/FDD | No | +| ULBandwidth | Uplink transmission bandwidth, specified in number of resource blocks . Corresponds to parameter ul_Bandwidth in SIB2 in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.3.1. and to parameter NRB in 3GPP-TS.36.101 Table 5.6-1.
This parameter is not writeable. | ENUMERATED
{n6, n15, n25, n50, n75, n100} | TDD/FDD | No | +| RSTxPower | The downlink reference-signal transmit power, specified in dBm . Defined as the linear average over the power contributions (in W) of all resource elements that carry cell-specific reference signals within the operating system bandwidth. Corresponds to parameter referenceSignalPower in SIB4 as a part of PDSCH-Config IE in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.3.2.
This parameter is not writeable. | INTEGER (-60..50) | TDD/FDD | No | +| PLMNIdentityList | Comma-separated list of strings. Each item is a PLMN ID. Corresponds to plmn-IdentityList as specified in SIB1 in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.2.2. In case there is more than one entry in the list, the first listed PLMN-Identity is the primary PLMN.
This parameter is not writeable. | STRING | TDD/FDD | No | +| TAC | Tracking Area Code that is common for all the PLMNs listed. Corresponds to trackingAreaCode as specified in SIB1 in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.2.2.
This parameter is not writeable. | BIT STRING (SIZE (16)) | TDD/FDD | No | +| CellID | Defines the cell identity, defines as a 28-bit binary number. Corresponds to cellIdentity as specified in SIB1 in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.2.2 and Section 6.3.4.
This parameter is not writeable. | BIT STRING (SIZE (28)) | TDD/FDD | No | +| CellBarred | Indicates whether the cell is barred or not.
If true, the cell is barred.
If false, the cell is not barred.
Corresponds to cellBarred as specified in SIB1 in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.2.2 and 3GPP-TS.36.304.
This parameter is not writeable. | ENUMERATED
{barred, notBarred} | TDD/FDD | No | +| CSGIndication | Indicates whether CSG is used in this cell or not. If true , the UE is only allowed to access the cell if the CSG identity matches an entry in the allowed CSG list that the UE has stored. Corresponds to csg-Indication as specified in SIB1 in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.2.2.
This parameter is not writeable. | BOOLEAN | TDD/FDD | No | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| CSGIdentity | Defines the CSG ID value if CSGIndication parameter indicates that CSG is used in this cell. Corresponds to csg-Identity as specified in SIB1 in 3GPP-TS.36.331 Section 6.2.2. This parameter is not writeable. | BIT STRING (SIZE (27)) | TDD/FDD | No | + +#### 6.1.16.3 LTE Carrier Measurement Parameters + +**Table 3 : LTE Carrier Measurement parameters** + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| CarrierARFCNDL | Lower bound of the EUTRA ARFCN in the DL direction that HeNB is requested to measure. Unit in MHz. | INTEGER (0..65535) | TDD/FDD | No | +| CarrierChWidth | Number of ARFCNs in downlink direction starting from CarrierARFCNDL that HeNB is requested to measure. The range bounded by CarrierARFCNDL as the lower bound and (CarrierARFCNDL + CarrierChWidth) as the upper bound expresses the total carrier frequency range to be measured. | INTEGER (0..750) | TDD/FDD | No | +| CarrierRSSI | Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) over the carrier frequency range from CarrierARFCNDL as the lower bound and (CarrierARFCNDL + CarrierChWidth) as the upper bound. | INTEGER (-100dBm .. -25dBm) | TDD/FDD | No | + +### 6.1.17 Security Parameters + +#### 6.1.17.1 Air interface ciphering and integrity protection algorithms + +Parameters should be added for selection of the air interface ciphering and integrity protection algorithms, these are defined as configurable in 33.401 [38]. + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| allowedCipheringAlgorithmList | An ordered list of the ciphering algorithm(s) allowed to be used for RRC and UP confidentiality protection, where the most preferred algorithm is listed first. Ref: 33.401 | Valid values are eea0, 128-eea1 and 128-eea2. This parameter is writeable. | Yes | No | +| allowedIntegrityProtectionAlgorithmList | An ordered list of the integrity protection algorithm(s) allowed to be used for RRC, where the most preferred algorithm is listed first. Ref 33.401 | Valid values are 128-eia1 and 128-eia2. This parameter is writeable | Yes | No | + +### 6.1.18 Location management parameters + +Table below shows parameters specific to location management + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-------------------| +| eSLMCIdentityList | Defines a list of fully routable identities of the Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Centre (e-SMLC). Each identity consist of
  • - a globally unique identity of the MME (GUMMEI, specified in 36.413 section 9.2.3.9) that is associated with the e-SMLC and
  • - e-SMLC identity (e-SMLC Identity, specified in 29.171 section 7.4.19)
| String

This parameter is settable by operator. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| LastLocationDeterminationTime | Specifies the date and time when the last location determination was performed. The location determined at this date and time is reported in Latitude and Longitude parameters. | Date/Time

This parameter is not settable by operator. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| Latitude | Specifies the latitude of the device's position in degrees, multiplied by one million. | Integer[-90000000:90000000]

This parameter is not settable by operator. | TDD/FDD | Yes | +| Longitude | Specifies the longitude of the device's position in degrees, multiplied by one million. | Integer[-180000000:180000000]

This parameter is not settable by operator. | TDD/FDD | Yes | + +## 6.2 Fault Management + +All Parameters in this section are applicable to HNB and HeNB. + +### 6.2.1 Common Alarm Attributes + +The HeNB Fault Management utilises a common set of alarm parameters as follows: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|-------------------| +| ManagedObjectInstance | It specifies the instance of the Informational Object Class in which the HeNB event occurred by carrying the Distinguished Name (DN) of this object instance. This object may or may not be identical to the object instance actually emitting the notification to the HMS. It contains two components dnprefix and identifier of the Managed Object. The combination of both convey the uniqueness of all managed objects | Encode the Managed Objects representation in string format as defined in reference [4], 3GPP TS 32.300. | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | | +| EventType | It indicates the type of HeNB Alarm | See 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15] Annex A for information on pre-defined alarm types from the 3GPP standards for alarm type and 3GPP TS32.111-6 [16] for supported Event Type values | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | | +| ProbableCause | It qualifies the alarm and provides further information than Alarm Type. | See 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15] Annex B for information on pre-defined Probable Causes from the 3GPP standards and 3GPP TS32.111-6 [16] for supported Probable Cause values. | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | | +| SpecificProblem | It provides further qualification on the alarm than ProbableCause. This identifies the specific alarm over and above the Probable Cause which occurred on the HeNB which is vendor defined. | Vendor defined. This will be empty if the HeNB doesn't support inclusion of this information for this particular alarm | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | | +| PerceivedSeverity | It indicates the relative level of urgency for operator attention for an alarm, please see ITU_T Recommendation X.733. | See 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15] for information on pre-defined Perceived Severity and 3GPP TS32.111-6 [16] for supported Perceived Severity values | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid Values | TDD/FDD | Applicable to HNB | +|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|-------------------| +| AdditionalText | This provides a textual string which is vendor defined. | Vendor defined
This will be empty if the HeNB doesn't support inclusion of this information for this particular alarm | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | | +| AdditionalInformation | This contains a list of additional information about the alarm and is vendor defined | Vendor defined
This will be empty if the HeNB doesn't support inclusion of this information for this particular alarm | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | | + +### 6.2.2 Current Alarms List + +The HeNB maintains a list of current alarms not yet cleared on the HeNB. Newly raised alarms events result in a new entry in the Current Alarms Table being added, any changes to the alarm as a result of an update event are updated in the table, and a clear event raised against an alarm results in the alarm being removed from this table, reference **REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-007** + +#### 6.2.2.1 Alarm Indexing Parameters + +Entries in the Current Alarm Table shall be uniquely indexable using the following parameters: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------| +| AlarmIdentifier | It identifies one Alarm Entry in the Alarm List.
This is the equivalent to the AlarmId identified in 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15]. The AlarmList assigns an identifier, called AlarmId, to each AlarmInformation in the AlarmList. An AlarmId unambiguously identifies one AlarmInformation in the AlarmList | value greater than or equal to 0 | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-007 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | + +#### 6.2.2.2 Alarm Content Parameters + +The Alarms List table shall contain a list of entries which shall contain the parameters identified in 6.2.3.1, the common set of alarm parameters which are identified in section 6.2.1, and the following additional information: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------| +| AlarmRaisedTime | It indicates the date and time when the alarm is first raised by the HeNB. | dateTime | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-007 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | +| AlarmChangedTime | It indicates the last date and time when the Alarm Entry is changed by the alarm raising resource. Changes to the Alarm Entry caused by invocations of the HMS would not change this date and time. | dateTime | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-007 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | + +### 6.2.3 Alarm History List + +The HeNB maintains an alarm history list which contains the alarms raised by the HeNB for each alarm that has appeared on the Alarms List as defined in **REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-007** + +#### 6.2.3.1 Alarm Indexing Parameters + +Entries in the Alarms History Alarm Table shall be uniquely indexable using the following parameters: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------| +| EventTime | It indicates the date and time when the alarm event is raised by the HeNB | dateTime | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-007 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | +| AlarmIdentifier | It identifies an Alarm Entry in the Alarms List.
This is the equivalent to the AlarmId identified in 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15]. The AlarmList assigns an identifier, called alarmId, to each AlarmInformation in the AlarmList. An alarmId unambiguously identifies one AlarmInformation in the AlarmList | value greater than or equal to 0 | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-007 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | + +#### 6.2.3.2 Alarm Content Parameters + +The Alarms Event History table shall contain a list of entries which shall contain the parameters identified in 6.2.3.1, the common set of alarm parameters which are identified in section 6.2.1, and the following additional information: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------| +| NotificationType | It indicates the reason for sending the alarm to the HMS | Can be one of the following :
“NotifyNewAlarm”
“NotifyChangedAlarm”
“NotifyClearedAlarm” | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-007 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | + +### 6.2.4 Expedited and Queued Alarm Handling + +The HeNB maintains expedited and queued alarm handling lists which contains the alarms raised by the HeNB for each alarm that has appeared on the Alarms List which are waiting to be delivered to the HMS within the TR-069 RPC Methods as either Active or Passive Notifications, as defined in **REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-007** + +#### 6.2.4.1 Alarm Indexing Parameters + +Entries in the Expedited and Queued Alarm Handling Tables shall be uniquely indexable using the following parameters: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------| +| EventTime | It indicates the date and time when the alarm event is raised by the HeNB | dateTime | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-007 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | +| AlarmIdentifier | It identifies an Alarm Entry in the Alarms List.
This is the equivalent to the AlarmId identified in 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15]. The AlarmList assigns an identifier, called AlarmId, to each AlarmInformation in the AlarmList. An AlarmId unambiguously identifies one AlarmInformation in the AlarmList | value greater than or equal to 0 | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-007 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | + +#### 6.2.4.2 Alarm Content Parameters + +The Expedited and Queued Event Delivery table shall contain a list of entries which shall contain the parameters identified in clause 6.2.3.1, the common set of alarm parameters which are identified in clause 6.2.1, and the following additional information: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------| +| NotificationType | It indicates the reason for sending the alarm to the HMS | Can be one of the following :
“NotifyNewAlarm”
“NotifyChangedAlarm”
“NotifyClearedAlarm” | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-007 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-004 | + +### 6.2.5 Supported Alarms and Reporting Mechanisms + +The HeNB identifies which Alarm Events can be generated by the HeNB and based on the reporting mechanism as defined in **REQ-OAMP\_FM-FUN-008** the HeNB shall perform the identified actions. + +The supported alarm table shall contain a list of entries containing the following information: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------| +| EventType | It indicates the type of HeNB alarm. | See 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15] Annex A for information on pre-defined alarm types from the 3GPP standards and 3GPP TS32.111-6 [16] for supported Event Type values | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-008 | +| ProbableCause | It qualifies the alarm and provides further information than Alarm Type. | See 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15] Annex B for information on pre-defined Probable Causes from the 3GPP standards and 3GPP TS32.111-6 [16] for supported Probable Cause values.
This will be empty if the HeNB doesn't support the distinguishing of different reporting mechanism per level of Probable Cause.
The can be set to "*" to indicate the default case if only a subset of Probable Causes are to be contained within the table | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-008 | +| SpecificProblem * | It provides further qualification on the alarm than ProbableCause
This identifies the specific alarm over an above the Probable Cause which occurred on the HeNB which is vendor defined.

If the HeNB specifies more than one event for a particular combination of alarm type and probable cause, the Specific Problems parameter may be used to uniquely identify the event. | This is vendor defined.
This will be empty if the HeNB doesn't support the distinguishing of different reporting mechanisms per level of Specific Problem
The can be set to "*" to indicate the default case if only a subset of Specific Problems are to be contained within the table. | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-008 | +| PerceivedSeverity | It indicates the relative level of urgency for operator attention for an alarm,. | See 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15] for information on pre-defined Perceived Severity and 3GPP TS32.111-6 [16] for supported Perceived Severity values
This will be empty if the HeNB doesn't want to distinguish a different reporting mechanism per level of Perceived Severity
Can be set to "*" to indicate the default case if only a subset of PerceivedSeverity are to be contained within the table. | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-008 | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Reporting Mechanism |

Expedited Handling – the HeNB connects to the HMS immediately to raise the alarm and logs the alarm in the Alarm History.

Queued Handling – the HeNB queues the alarm internally pending connection to the HMS, logs the alarm in the Alarm History and delivers the alarm on the next connection to the HMS

Logged Handling – the HeNB does not send the alarm to the HMS and logs the alarm in the Alarm History.

Disabled – the HeNB does not send the alarm to the HMS and will not log the alarm in the Alarm History.

| Indicates the reporting mechanism setting of the alarm. One of:
“0 – Expedited”
“1 – Queued”
“2 – Logged”
“3 – Disabled” | REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-008 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-009 & REQ-OAMP_FM-FUN-013 | + +\* Editor's Note: the need for SpecificProblem attribute in the table defined in 6.2.5 is FFS. + +### 6.2.6 Encoding + +#### 6.2.6.1 dateTime + +See Broadband Forum TR-069 HeNB WAN Management Protocol Amendment 2, Table 9, for a definition of the dateTime and supported values. + +#### 6.2.6.2 Event Type + +See 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15] Annex A for information on pre-defined alarm types from the 3GPP standards and 3GPP TS32.111-6 [16] for supported alarm type values + +#### 6.2.6.3 Probable Cause + +See 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15] Annex B for information on pre-defined Probable Causes from the 3GPP standards and 3GPP TS32.111-6 [16] for supported Probable Cause values. + +#### 6.2.6.4 PerceivedSeverity + +See 3GPP TS32.111-2 [15] for information on pre-defined Perceived Severity from the 3GPP standards and 3GPP TS32.111-6 [16] for supported Perceived Severity values + +Although “Indeterminate” is defined in TS32.111-2 [15] it shouldn't be used by the HeNB as a Perceived Severity. + +## 6.3 Performance Management + +All Parameters in this section are applicable to HNB and HeNB. + +### 6.3.1 Periodic Performance File Upload + +The HeNB can be configured to send periodic performance files to a designated File Server as defined in **REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-003** + +The File Management table shall contain the following information: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| +| PeriodicUploadEnable | Enables or disables the ability to send HeNB information periodically to a designated File Server. | Can be one of the following:
FALSE - Disabled
TRUE - Enabled | REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-003 | +| URL | URL specifying the destination file location.
This argument specifies only the destination file location, and does not indicate in any way the name or location of the local file to be uploaded. | A valid URL which also indicates the mechanism to be used for file transfer | REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-003
REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-004 | +| Username | Username to be used by the HeNB to authenticate with the file server. | This string is set to the empty string if no authentication is required. | REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-003 | +| Password | Password to be used by the HeNB to authenticate with the file server. | This string is set to the empty string if no authentication is required. | REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-003 | +| PeriodicUploadInterval | The duration in seconds of the interval for which the HeNB shall create an Event History File and attempt to upload the file to the designated destination File location if PeriodicUploadEnable is true. | Integer value greater than or equal to 0 | REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-003 | +| PeriodicUploadTime | Absolute time references in UTC to determine when the HeNB will initiate the periodic file upload. Each file upload shall occur at this reference time plus or minus an integer multiple of the PeriodicUploadInterval.
PeriodicUploadTime is used only to set the “phase” of the periodic Uploads. The actual value of PeriodicUploadTime can be arbitrarily far into the past or future. For example, if PeriodicUploadInterval is 86400 (a day) and if PeriodicUploadTime is set to UTC midnight on some day (in the past, present, or future) then periodic file uploads will occur every day at UTC midnight. These shall begin on the very next midnight, even if PeriodicUploadTime refers to a day in the future.
If absolute time is not available to the HeNB, its periodic file upload behaviour shall be the same as if the PeriodicUploadTime parameter was set to the Unknown Time value. | An absolute time reference in UTC
The Unknown Time value defined as 0001-01-01T00:00:00Z indicates that no particular time reference is specified. That is, the HeNB MAY locally choose the time reference, and is required only to adhere to the specified PeriodicUploadInterval. | REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-003 | + +### 6.3.2 Periodic Statistics + +#### 6.3.2.1 Sample Set Management + +The HeNB contains a collection of sample sets which consist of a collection of periodic statistics for the HeNB. Each configured sample set shall contain the following Management Parameters: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| +| Enable | Enables or disables collection of periodic statistics for this sample set. When collection of periodic statistics is enabled, any stored samples are discarded, and the first sample interval begins immediately. | True - Enabled
False - Disabled | REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-001 | +| Name | The name of this sample set, which uniquely distinguishes each sample set on the HeNB. | A value which uniquely distinguishes each defined sample set on the HeNB. | REQ-OAMP- PM-FUN-001 | +| SampleInterval | The sample interval in seconds . Each statistic is measured over this sample interval.
The SampleInterval is equivalent to the granularity period referenced in 3GPP TS 32.401 which is the time between the initiations of two successive gatherings of measurement data. | Numerical value in seconds
Granularity Period referenced in 3GPP TS 32.401 specifies that the only valid values for the sample interval are 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour.

The sample interval cannot be modified if the Sample Set Enable Flag is set to False | REQ-OAMP- PM-FUN-001 | +| ReportSamples | The number of samples that the HeNB will store for each statistic. | Numerical value
If the File Upload PeriodicUploadInterval is greater than 0 then the ReportSamples value shall be calculated by dividing the File Upload PeriodicUploadInterval by the SampleInterval value. If the calculation is fractional then the value will be set to 1. | REQ-OAMP- PM-FUN-001 | + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|-----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| +| TimeReference | A time used to determine when sample intervals will be completed. Each sample interval shall complete at this reference time plus or minus an integer multiple of SampleInterval . | An absolute time reference in UTC
If the SampleInterval is set to 5 mins then the mins/secs portions of the Time Reference can be set to one of the following 00/00, 05/00, 10/00, 15/00, 20/00, 25/00, 30/00, 35/00, 40/00, 45/00, 50/00 55/00
If the SampleInterval is set to 15 mins then the mins/secs portions of the Time Reference can be set to one of the following 00/00, 15/00, 30/00, 45/00
If the SampleInterval is 30 mins then the mins/secs portions of the Time Reference can be set to one of the following 00/00, 30/00
If the SampleInterval is 1 hour then the mins/secs portions of the Time Reference can be set to the following 00/00 | REQ-OAMP- PM-FUN-001 | +| ReportStartTime | The time at which the sample interval for the first stored sample (for each statistic) started. | An absolute time reference in UTC | REQ-OAMP- PM-FUN-001 | +| ReportEndTime | The absolute time at which the sample interval for the last stored sample (for each statistic) ended. | An absolute time reference in UTC | REQ-OAMP- PM-FUN-001 | +| SampleSeconds | List of time interval values for the sample set indicating the time period between each sample interval. | List of numerical values in seconds | REQ-OAMP- PM-FUN-001 | + +#### 6.3.2.2 Sample Set Statistic Parameters + +Each Sample set shall include a collection of periodic statistics in a table whose values are to be sampled and each periodic statistic shall contain the following: + +| Parameter Name | Description | Valid values | Traceback | +|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------| +| Enable | Enables or disables the sampling of the specific statistic parameter | True - Enabled
False - Disabled | REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-001 | +| Reference | This is the statistic parameter being monitored by the Periodic Statistics mechanism. | A value which uniquely distinguishes the statistic parameter on the HeNB. | REQ-OAMP-PM-FUN-001 | + +NOTE: The support of tables in clause 6.3.2.1 and in clause 6.3.2.2 by HeNB is optional. + +### 6.3.3 PM File Content description + +Table below lists all the PM file content items. It also provides a description of the individual items. + +**PM File Content Description** + +| File Content Item | Description | +|--------------------------|------------------------| +| measDataCollection | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| measFileHeader | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| measData | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| measFileFooter | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| fileFormatVersion | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| senderName | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| senderType | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| vendorName | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| collectionBeginTime | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| neId | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| neUserName | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| neDistinguishedName | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| neSoftwareVersion | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| measInfo | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| measInfoId | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| measTimeStamp | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| jobId | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| granularityPeriod | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| reportingPeriod | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| measTypes | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| measValues | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| measObjInstId | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| measResults | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| suspectFlag | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | +| timestamp | See Table 4.1 of [16]. | + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 03-2010 | SA#47 | SP-100058 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information and approval | -- | 1.0.0 | +| 03-2010 | -- | -- | -- | -- | SA approved version published | 1.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 06-2010 | SA#48 | SP-100264 | 001 | -- | Modify errors in spec references, table number references, and valid value range | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 09-2010 | SA#49 | SP-100489 | 002 | -- | Reference correction and cleanup | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SA#50 | SP-100747 | 005 | 1 | Correct errors in spec references, table number references, valid values | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SA#50 | SP-100747 | 007 | -- | Adding Emergency Area ID parameter - Align with RAN3 TS 36.413 | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SA#50 | SP-100833 | 008 | -- | Adding RSSI parameter to HeNB configuration parameters | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SA#51 | SP-110099 | 009 | -- | Add LIPA management parameter definitions | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| May 2011 | SA#52 | SP-110282 | 012 | - | Correct the reference for the NAS Node Selection Function (NNSF) NNSFSupported parameter | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| May 2011 | SA#52 | SP-110285 | 013 | 1 | Remove ambiguous statements from Configuration Management parameters | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| May 2011 | SA#52 | SP-110288 | 016 | 1 | Correction of information model for HeNB non-IPsec usage-alignment with 33.320 | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| May 2011 | SA#52 | SP-110286 | 014 | 2 | Add new reference to TS 33.401 and correct referencing. | 10.4.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SA#54 | SP-110707 | 017 | - | Addition of HeNB configuration parameters for EARFCN | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SA#54 | SP-110706 | 019 | 1 | Add missing configuration parameter X for HeNB Power | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Jun-2012 | SA#56 | SP-120356 | 020 | -- | Addition of auto-configuration in HeNB Info Model Stage 2 spec | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | +| Jun-2012 | SA#56 | SP-120356 | 023 | -- | Addition of auto-configuration in HeNB Info Model Stage 2 spec
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sha256:aab7ef25985fd3f3077c0ef52c47935ca116e062c6138eee77959a2f3107c013 +size 19899 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32602/c78c2eefd86269d1740ab85a916f24f2_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32602/c78c2eefd86269d1740ab85a916f24f2_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..86e6ced00fe550e75e83d8548fbbe0e69e4172fe --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32602/c78c2eefd86269d1740ab85a916f24f2_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:b00ca7fbaa1e90fa6b0f514ae5bf73ae390e336a92d6610392f73326a8b7f905 +size 21127 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32602/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32602/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b2fa33e68921d3588a81b952120706ba51823df7 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32602/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,716 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 8 | +| 4 System overview ..... | 9 | +| 4.1 System Context ..... | 9 | +| 4.2 Compliance rules..... | 10 | +| 5 Modelling approach ..... | 10 | +| 6 Model ..... | 10 | +| 6.1 Imported information entities and local labels..... | 10 | +| 6.2 Class diagram..... | 11 | +| 6.2.1 Relationships ..... | 11 | +| 6.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 11 | +| 6.3 Class Definitions ..... | 11 | +| 6.3.1 BasicCmIRP ..... | 11 | +| 6.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 11 | +| 6.3.2 ManagedEntity..... | 11 | +| 6.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 11 | +| 6.4 Information relationship definitions..... | 12 | +| 6.4.1 Void ..... | 12 | +| 7 Interface Definition..... | 12 | +| 7.1 Class diagram..... | 12 | +| 7.2 Generic rules ..... | 12 | +| 7.3 Interface PassiveCmIRPOperations#1 ..... | 13 | +| 7.3.1 getMoAttributes (M)..... | 13 | +| 7.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 13 | +| 7.3.1.2 Input Parameters ..... | 13 | +| 7.3.1.3 Output Parameters..... | 14 | +| 7.3.1.4 Pre-condition..... | 14 | +| 7.3.1.5 Post-condition ..... | 14 | +| 7.3.1.6 Exceptions..... | 15 | +| 7.4 Interface PassiveCmIRPOperations#2 ..... | 15 | +| 7.4.1 getContainment (O)..... | 15 | +| 7.4.1.1 Definition ..... | 15 | +| 7.4.1.2 Input Parameters ..... | 15 | +| 7.4.1.3 Output Parameters..... | 16 | +| 7.4.1.4 Pre-condition..... | 16 | +| 7.4.1.5 Post-condition ..... | 16 | +| 7.4.1.6 Exceptions..... | 17 | +| 7.5 Interface BasicCmIRPOperations..... | 17 | +| 7.5.1 cancelOperation (O)..... | 17 | +| 7.5.1.1 Definition ..... | 17 | +| 7.5.1.2 Input Parameters ..... | 17 | +| 7.5.1.3 Output Parameters..... | 18 | +| 7.5.1.4 Pre-condition..... | 18 | +| 7.5.1.5 Post-condition ..... | 18 | +| 7.5.1.6 Exceptions..... | 18 | +| 7.6 Interface ActiveCmIRPOperations ..... | 19 | +| 7.6.1 createMO (O)..... | 19 | +| 7.6.1.1 Definition ..... | 19 | + +| | | | +|------------------------|--------------------------|----| +| 7.6.1.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 19 | +| 7.6.1.3 | Output Parameters..... | 19 | +| 7.6.1.4 | Pre-condition..... | 20 | +| 7.6.1.5 | Post-condition ..... | 20 | +| 7.6.1.6 | Exceptions..... | 21 | +| 7.6.2 | deleteMO (O)..... | 22 | +| 7.6.2.1 | Definition ..... | 22 | +| 7.6.2.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 22 | +| 7.6.2.3 | Output Parameters..... | 22 | +| 7.6.2.4 | Pre-condition..... | 22 | +| 7.6.2.5 | Post-condition ..... | 23 | +| 7.6.2.6 | Exceptions..... | 23 | +| 7.6.3 | setMOAttributes (O)..... | 23 | +| 7.6.3.1 | Definition ..... | 23 | +| 7.6.3.2 | Input Parameters ..... | 24 | +| 7.6.3.3 | Output Parameters..... | 25 | +| 7.6.3.4 | Pre-condition..... | 25 | +| 7.6.3.5 | Post-condition ..... | 25 | +| 7.6.3.6 | Exceptions..... | 26 | +| Annex A (informative): | Change history..... | 27 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.601: "Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements" +- 32.602: "Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)"** +- 32.606: "Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions" + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines a component of an Integration Reference Point (IRP) through which an 'IRPAgent' (typically an Element Manager or Network Element) can communicate basic Configuration Management related information to one or several 'IRPManagers' (typically Network Managers). + +The function of this Basic CM IRP Information Service is to define an interface for the retrieval and modification of Configuration Management Information. + +This Basic CM IRP IS is aligned with ITU-T M.3700 [15] in that ITU-T M.3700 is a subset of the Basic CM IRP IS in terms of the definitions of operations for the retrieval and modification of Configuration Management Information. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.302: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.312: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Information Service (IS)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [7] ITU-T Recommendation X.710 (1997): "Common Management Information Service". +- [8] ITU-T Recommendation X.721 (02/92): "Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection – Structure of Management Information: Definition of Management Information". +- [9] ITU-T Recommendation X.730 (01/92): "Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection – Systems Management: Object Management Function". +- [10] ITU-T Recommendation X.733 (02/92): "Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Alarm Reporting Function". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.662: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM Information Service (IS)". +- [12] ITU-T Recommendation X.720: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Structure of management information: Management information model". +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". + +- [15] ITU-T M.3700 (01/2010): “Telecommunication Management, Including TMN and Network Maintenance; Integrated services digital networks; Common management services – Object management – Protocol neutral requirements and analysis” + +# 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. For terms and definitions not found here, please refer to 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2] and 3GPP TS 32.600 [6]. + +**Association:** In general it is used to model relationships between Managed Objects. Associations can be implemented in several ways, such as: + +- (1) name bindings, +- (2) reference attributes, and +- (3) association objects. + +This IRP stipulates that containment associations shall be expressed through name bindings, but it does not stipulate the implementation for other types of associations as a general rule. These are specified as separate entities in the object models (UML diagrams). Currently however, all (non-containment) associations are modelled by means of reference attributes of the participating MOs. + +**Managed Element (ME):** An instance of the Managed Object Class G3ManagedElement. + +**Managed Object (MO):** In the context of the present document, a Managed Object (MO) is a software object that encapsulates the manageable characteristics and behaviour of a particular Network Resource. The MO is instance of a MO class defined in a MIM/NRM. An MO class has attributes that provide information used to characterize the objects that belong to the class. Furthermore, an MO class can have operations that represent the behaviour relevant for that class. An MO class may support notifications that provide information about an event occurrence within a network resource. + +**Management Information Base (MIB):** A MIB is an instance of an NRM and has some values on the defined attributes and associations specific for that instance. In the context of the present document, an MIB consists of: + +- (1) a Name space (describing the MO containment hierarchy in the MIB through Distinguished Names), +- (2) a number of Managed Objects with their attributes and +- (3) a number of Associations between these MOs. Also note that TMN (ITU-T Recommendation X.710 [7]) defines a concept of a Management Information Tree (also known as a Naming Tree) that corresponds to the name space (containment hierarchy) portion of this MIB definition. Figure 3.1 depicts the relationships between a Name space and a number of participating MOs (the shown association is of a non-containment type) + +![Figure 3.1: Relationships between a Name space and a number of participating MOs. The diagram shows a containment hierarchy (Namespaces) represented by solid black circles connected by solid lines, and Managed Objects (MOs) represented by white circles. Associations are shown as dotted lines connecting MOs to each other and to the hierarchy. A legend indicates: solid black circle = Namespace (containment hierarchy), white circle = MO, dotted line = Association. A large curly brace on the right groups the entire structure as the MIB.](4ba34b7c8f0b8799dc89462e0c71c52c_img.jpg) + +Figure 3.1: Relationships between a Name space and a number of participating MOs. The diagram shows a containment hierarchy (Namespaces) represented by solid black circles connected by solid lines, and Managed Objects (MOs) represented by white circles. Associations are shown as dotted lines connecting MOs to each other and to the hierarchy. A legend indicates: solid black circle = Namespace (containment hierarchy), white circle = MO, dotted line = Association. A large curly brace on the right groups the entire structure as the MIB. + +**Figure 3.1: Relationships between a Name space and a number of participating MOs** + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** Also referred to as NRM – see the definition below. + +**Name space:** A name space is a collection of names. The IRP name convention (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]) restricts the name space to a hierarchical containment structure, including its simplest form - the one-level, flat name space. + +All Managed Objects in a MIB shall be included in the corresponding name space and the MIB/name space shall only support a strict hierarchical containment structure (with one root object). A Managed Object that contains another is said to be the superior (parent); the contained Managed Object is referred to as the subordinate (child). The parent of all MOs in a single name space is called a Local Root. The ultimate parent of all MOs of all managed systems is called the Global Root. + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** A model representing the actual managed telecommunications network resources that a System is providing through the subject IRP. An NRM describes Managed Object Classes, their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above), which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +**Node B:** A logical node responsible for radio transmission/reception in one or more cells to/from the User Equipment. It terminates the Iub interface towards the RNC. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| CMIS | Common Management Information Service | +| CN | Core Network | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DN | Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]) | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FM | Fault Management | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Sector | +| ME | Managed Element | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| MOI | Managed Object Instance | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| PM | Performance Management | +| RDN | Relative Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]) | +| SNMP | Simple Network Management Protocol | +| SS | Solution Set | +| TMN | Telecommunications Management Network | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +# 4 System overview + +## 4.1 System Context + +The general definition of the System Context for the present IRP is found in 3GPP TS 32.150 [14] subclause 4.7. + +In addition, the set of related IRP(s) relevant to the present IRP is shown in the two diagrams below. + +![Diagram of System Context A showing IRPManager (NM) connected to IRPAgent (EM) via Itf-N interface, which is further connected to NEs.](0b87abe67b21a93777287649c33e755d_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates System Context A. On the left, a box labeled 'NM' contains an 'IRPManager'. On the right, a box labeled 'EM' contains an 'IRPAgent'. A solid horizontal line connects the 'IRPManager' and the 'IRPAgent'. A vertical dashed line, labeled 'Itf-N' at its base, separates the NM and EM boxes. Below the dashed line, a bracket groups 'Notification IRP' and 'Basic CM IRP', with a curved arrow pointing from this bracket to the 'Itf-N' label. To the right of the 'EM' box, a dotted line connects the 'IRPAgent' to a box labeled 'NEs'. + +Diagram of System Context A showing IRPManager (NM) connected to IRPAgent (EM) via Itf-N interface, which is further connected to NEs. + +Figure 4.1: System Context A + +![Diagram of System Context B showing IRPManager (NM) connected to IRPAgent (NE) via Itf-N interface.](b28af4985cdef1e519e3aaf26561dcb3_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates System Context B. On the left, a box labeled 'NM' contains an 'IRPManager'. On the right, a box labeled 'NE' contains an 'IRPAgent'. A solid horizontal line connects the 'IRPManager' and the 'IRPAgent'. A vertical dashed line, labeled 'Itf-N' at its base, separates the NM and NE boxes. Below the dashed line, a bracket groups 'Notification IRP' and 'Basic CM IRP', with a curved arrow pointing from this bracket to the 'Itf-N' label. + +Diagram of System Context B showing IRPManager (NM) connected to IRPAgent (NE) via Itf-N interface. + +Figure 4.2: System Context B + +## 4.2 Compliance rules + +For general definitions of compliance rules related to qualifiers (Mandatory/Optional/Conditional) for *operations, notifications and parameters* (of operations and notifications) please refer to 3GPP TS 32.150 [14]. + +An IRP Agent that incorporates vendor-specific extensions shall support normal communication with a 3GPP SA5-compliant IRP Manager with respect to all Mandatory and Optional managed object classes, attributes, associations, operations, parameters and notifications without requiring the IRP Manager to have any knowledge of the extensions. + +Given that + +- rules for vendor-specific extensions remain to be fully specified, and +- many scenarios under which IRP Manager and IRP Agent interwork may exist, + +it is recognised that the IRP Manager, even though it is not required to have knowledge of vendor-specific extensions, may be required to be implemented with an awareness that extensions can exist and behave accordingly. + +# --- 5 Modelling approach + +See 3GPP TS 32.150 [14]. + +# --- 6 Model + +## 6.1 Imported information entities and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|---------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| 32.312 [4], information object class, ManagedGenericIRP | ManagedGenericIRP | + +## 6.2 Class diagram + +This clause introduces classes that relates to this interface specification. The intent is to identify the information required for the BasicCMIRP implementation of its operations and notification. This clause provides the overview of all classes in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these classes. + +### 6.2.1 Relationships + +![UML Class diagram showing a relationship between ManagedEntity and BasicCmIRP.](5e92d9e8e9ce204e405bff2367f88176_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class ManagedEntity { + <> + } + class BasicCmIRP { + <> + } + ManagedEntity <-- BasicCmIRP +``` + +The diagram shows two classes: **<> ManagedEntity** and **<> BasicCmIRP**. A directed association arrow points from **BasicCmIRP** to **ManagedEntity**. + +UML Class diagram showing a relationship between ManagedEntity and BasicCmIRP. + +### 6.2.2 Inheritance + +![UML Class diagram showing inheritance from BasicCmIRP to ManagedGenericIRP.](c78c2eefd86269d1740ab85a916f24f2_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class ManagedGenericIRP { + <> + ManagedGenericIRP + (from TS 32.312) + } + class BasicCmIRP { + <> + } + BasicCmIRP --|> ManagedGenericIRP +``` + +The diagram shows two classes: **<> ManagedGenericIRP (from TS 32.312)** and **<> BasicCmIRP**. A generalization inheritance arrow points from **BasicCmIRP** to **ManagedGenericIRP**. + +UML Class diagram showing inheritance from BasicCmIRP to ManagedGenericIRP. + +## 6.3 Class Definitions + +### 6.3.1 BasicCmIRP + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +BasicCmIRP is the representation of the basic configuration management capabilities specified by this specification. This IOC inherits from ManagedGenericIRP IOC specified in TS 32.312 [4]. + +### 6.3.2 ManagedEntity + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +The Support IOC ManagedEntity represents the role that can be played by an instance of an IOC defined in Network Resources Models, e.g. Generic Network Resource Model, Core Network Resource Model, UTRAN Network Resource Model or GERAN Network Resource Model. ManagedEntity is used in the specification of Basic CM IRP operations to represent an instance of an IOC defined in these Network Resource Models. + +## 6.4 Information relationship definitions + +### 6.4.1 Void + +# 7 Interface Definition + +## 7.1 Class diagram + +![UML Class diagram showing BasicCmIRP implementing BasicCmIRPOperations and PassiveCmIRPOperations#1, #2, and ActiveCmIRPOperations.](853f59c89931a666c07903b31d098277_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class BasicCmIRP { + <> + } + class BasicCmIRPOperations { + <> + cancelOperation() + } + class PassiveCmIRPOperations#1 { + <> + getMoAttributes() + } + class PassiveCmIRPOperations#2 { + <> + getContainment() + } + class ActiveCmIRPOperations { + <> + createMo() + deleteMo() + setMoAttribute() + } + BasicCmIRP --|> BasicCmIRPOperations : <> + BasicCmIRP --|> PassiveCmIRPOperations#1 : <> + BasicCmIRP --|> PassiveCmIRPOperations#2 : <> + BasicCmIRP --|> ActiveCmIRPOperations : <> +``` + +The diagram illustrates a class `BasicCmIRP` (labeled as `<>`) that implements four interfaces. The interfaces are `BasicCmIRPOperations`, `PassiveCmIRPOperations#1`, `PassiveCmIRPOperations#2`, and `ActiveCmIRPOperations`. Each interface is shown as a box with its name and operations. The relationships are indicated by arrows with the stereotype `<>`. + +- `BasicCmIRPOperations` (Interface) contains the operation `cancelOperation()`. +- `PassiveCmIRPOperations#1` (Interface) contains the operation `getMoAttributes()`. +- `PassiveCmIRPOperations#2` (Interface) contains the operation `getContainment()`. +- `ActiveCmIRPOperations` (Interface) contains the operations `createMo()`, `deleteMo()`, and `setMoAttribute()`. + +UML Class diagram showing BasicCmIRP implementing BasicCmIRPOperations and PassiveCmIRPOperations#1, #2, and ActiveCmIRPOperations. + +## 7.2 Generic rules + +**Rule 1:** Each operation with at least one input parameter supports a pre-condition `valid_input_parameter` which indicates that all input parameters shall be valid with regards to their information type. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception `operation_failed_invalid_input_parameter` which is raised when pre-condition `valid_input_parameter` is false. The exception has the same entry and exit state. + +**Rule 2:** Each operation with at least one optional input parameter supports a set of pre-conditions `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` where "xxx" is the name of the optional input parameter and the pre-condition indicates that the operation supports the named optional input parameter. Additionally, each such operation supports an exception `operation_failed_unsupported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` which is raised when (a) the pre-condition `supported_optional_input_parameter_xxx` is false and (b) the named optional input parameter is carrying information. The exception has the same entry and exit state. + +**Rule 3:** Each operation shall support a generic exception `operation_failed_internal_problem` that is raised when an internal problem occurs and that the operation cannot be completed. The exception has the same entry and exit state. + +## 7.3 Interface PassiveCmIRPOperations#1 + +### 7.3.1 getMoAttributes (M) + +#### 7.3.1.1 Definition + +This operation is invoked by IRPManager to request the retrieval of management information (Managed Object attribute names and values) from the MIB maintained by IRPAgent. One or several Managed Objects may be retrieved - based on the containment hierarchy. This operation provides functionality that is similar to that provided by the M-GET service defined by CMIS (ITU-T Recommendation X.710 [7]). + +A Solution Set may choose to split this operation in several operations (e.g. operations to get "handlers" or "iterators" to Managed Objects fulfilling the scope/filter criteria and other operations to retrieve attribute names/values from these "handlers"). + +#### 7.3.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|--------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| invokeIdentifierIn | C | A unique identifier that is Solution Set dependent. | This parameter identifies the current invocation. This parameter is used in the 'cancelOperation' operation to cancel an on-going 'getMOAttributes' operation. | +| baseObjectInstance | M | DistinguishedName | The MO instance that is to be used as the starting point for the selection of managed objects to which the filter (when supplied) is to be applied. This is a full Distinguished Name according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. | +| scope | M | SEQUENCE <
ENUM {
BASE_ONLY, BASE_NTH_LEVEL,
BASE_SUBTREE,
BASE_ALL},Level>

Note: theLevel contains valid information if BASE_NTH_LEVEL or BASE_SUBTREE is used. | This parameter defines how many levels of the containment hierarchy to select for the filter defined below. The selection starts from the MO given by the baseObjectInstance parameter. The levels of selection that may be performed are:
  • • BASE_ONLY: level ignored, just return the base object.;
  • • BASE_NTH_LEVEL: return all subordinate objects that are on "level" distance from the base object, where 0 is the base object.;
  • • BASE_SUBTREE: return the base object and all of its subordinates down to and including the nth level;
  • • BASE_ALL: level ignored, return the base object and all of its subordinates.
| +| filter | M | See Comment | This parameter defines a filter test to be applied to the scoped Managed Object(s). If the filter is empty, all of the managed objects included by the scope are selected. The actual syntax and capabilities of the filter is Solution Set specific. However, each Solution Set should support a filter consisting of one or several assertions that may be grouped using the logical operators AND, OR and NOT. Each assertion is a logical expression of attribute existence, attribute value comparison ("equal to X, less than Y" etc.) and MO Class. | +| attributeListIn | M | LIST OF AttributeName | This parameter identifies the attributes to be returned by this operation. An empty list means "Return all attributes". | + +#### 7.3.1.3 Output Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| invokeIdentifierOut | M (Note) | invokeIdentifierIn from the input parameters of this operation | This parameter identifies the current invocation in both IRPManager and IRPAgent. This parameter can be used together with the 'cancelOperation' operation to cancel an on-going 'getMOAttributes' operation. | +| managedObjectClass | M | ManagedEntity.objectClass | For each returned MO: The class of the MO. | +| managedObjectInstance | M | ManagedEntity.distinguishedName | For each returned MO: The name of the MO. This is a full Distinguished Name according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. | +| attributeListOut | M | LIST OF SEQUENCE | For each returned MO: A list of name/value pairs for MO. | +| status | M | ENUM (OperationSucceeded, OperationFailed) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | +| NOTE: This parameter is meaningful only if the IRPAgent supports the cancelOperation. | | | | + +#### 7.3.1.4 Pre-condition + +baseObjectExists + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| baseObjectExists | The ManagedEntity instance specified by the baseObjectInstance parameter exists. | + +#### 7.3.1.5 Post-condition + +None specific + +#### 7.3.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationFailed | Condition: Pre-condition is false or post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| duplicateInvocation | Condition: The invoke identifier specified was allocated to another operation
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state.
Note: This exception is conditional and applies only to Solution Sets where it is meaningful. | +| resourceLimitation | Condition: Operation not performed due to resource limitation.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| operationCancelled | Condition: Operation cancelled by cancelOperation operation.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| complexityLimitation | Condition: Operation not performed because a parameter was too complex.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +## 7.4 Interface PassiveCmIRPOperations#2 + +### 7.4.1 getContainment (O) + +#### 7.4.1.1 Definition + +This (optional) operation is only intended for retrieval of the containment relations from the MIB. + +#### 7.4.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|---------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| invokeIdentifierIn | C | A unique identifier that is Solution Set dependent. | This parameter identifies the current invocation in both IRPManager and IRPAgent. This parameter can be used together with the 'cancelOperation' operation to cancel an on-going 'getContainment' operation. | +| baseObject Instance | M | DistinguishedName | The MO instance that is to be used as the starting point for the selection of managed objects to which the filter (when supplied) is to be applied. This is a full Distinguished Name according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. | +| scope | O | See corresponding parameter in getMOAttributes. | See corresponding parameter in getMOAttributes. | + +#### 7.4.1.3 Output Parameters + +The output parameter 'containment' of the operation shall contain a list of all Managed Object instances in the MIB maintained by IRP Agent (or a subset starting from a given base object) including containment information (naming tree). + +The structure and format of the output parameter 'containment' are Solution Set dependent. + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| containment | M | LIST OF ManagedEntity.distinguishedName | A list of DN of all Managed Object instances that satisfy the scope. | +| invokeIdentifierOut | M (Note) | invokeIdentifierIn from the input parameters of this operation | This parameter identifies the current invocation. . This parameter is used in 'cancelOperation' operation to cancel an on-going 'getContainment' operation. | +| status | M | ENUM (OperationSucceeded, OperationFailed) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | +| NOTE: This parameter is meaningful only if the IRP Agent supports the cancelOperation. | | | | + +#### 7.4.1.4 Pre-condition + +baseObjectExists + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| baseObjectExists | The ManagedEntity instance specified by the baseObjectInstance parameter exists. | + +#### 7.4.1.5 Post-condition + +None specific + +#### 7.4.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationFailed | Condition: Pre-condition is false or post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| duplicateInvocation | Condition: The invoke identifier specified was allocated to another operation
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state.
Note: This exception is conditional and applies only to Solution Sets where it is meaningful. | +| resourceLimitation | Condition: Operation not performed due to resource limitation.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| operationCancelled | Condition: Operation cancelled by cancelOperation operation.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| complexityLimitation | Condition: Operation not performed because a parameter was too complex.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +## 7.5 Interface BasicCmIRPOperations + +### 7.5.1 cancelOperation (O) + +#### 7.5.1.1 Definition + +IRPManager invokes this operation to cancel an on-going Basic CM IRP operation it issued before. Presently the Basic CM IRP operations that can be cancelled by invoking 'cancelOperation' are 'getMOAttributes' and 'getContainment'. + +#### 7.5.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|--------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| invokeIdentifierIn | M | A unique identifier that is Solution Set dependent. | This parameter identifies an on-going Basic CM IRP operation to be cancelled. | + +#### 7.5.1.3 Output Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|--------|-----------|--------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| status | M | ENUM (OperationSucceeded, OperationFailed) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.5.1.4 Pre-condition + +operationExits + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationExits | The operation identified by the invokeIdentifierIn is ongoing. | + +#### 7.5.1.5 Post-condition + +operationCancelled + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationCancelled | The operation identified by the invokeIdentifierIn is cancelled. | + +#### 7.5.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationFailed | Condition: Pre-condition is false or post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +## 7.6 Interface ActiveCmIRPOperations + +### 7.6.1 + +createMO (O) + +#### 7.6.1.1 Definition + +This operation is invoked by IRPManager to request the IRPAgent to create a Managed Object instance in the MIB maintained by the IRPAgent. This operation will create only one Managed Object instance. This operation provides functionality that is similar to that provided by the M-CREATE service defined by CMIS (ITU-T Recommendation X.710 [7]). + +#### 7.6.1.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|-------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| managedObjectClass | M | ObjectClassIdentifier | This parameter specifies the class of the new managed object instance. | +| managedObjectInstance | M | DistinguishedName | This parameter specifies the instance of the managed object that is to be created and registered. This is a full Distinguished Name according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. | +| referenceObjectInstance | O | Solution Set dependant | This parameter may have a null value. When this parameter is supplied, it must specify an existing instance of a managed object, called the reference object, of the same class as the new object to be created. Attribute values associated with the reference object instance become the default values for those not specified by the attributeListIn parameter. | +| attributeListIn | M | LIST OF SEQUENCE< attribute name, attribute value> | This parameter may have a null value. When this parameter is supplied, it contains a list of name/value pairs specifying attribute identifiers and their values to be assigned to the new managed object. These values override the values for the corresponding attributes derived from either the reference object (if the referenceObjectInstance parameter is supplied) or the default value set specified in the definition of the managed object's class. | + +#### 7.6.1.3 Output Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| attributeListOut | M | LIST OF SEQUENCE< name OF ManagedEntity.anAttribute, value OF ManagedEntity.anAttribute> | This list of name/value pairs contains the attributes of the new managed object and the actual value assigned to each. | +| status | M | ENUM (OperationSucceeded, OperationFailed) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. | + +#### 7.6.1.4 Pre-condition + +managedEntityDoesNotExist + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| managedEntityDoesNotExist | A ManagedEntity instance with the same Distinguished Name as the object specified for creation does not exist. | + +#### 7.6.1.5 Post-condition + +managedEntityCreated AND objectCreationNotificationEmitted + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| managedEntityCreated | The ManagedEntity instance of the specified object class has been created with the specified Distinguished Name. | +| objectCreationNotificationEmitted | An object creation notification (as defined in TS 32.662 [11]) is emitted for the created object, if notifiable. Notifiable here means that the notification is supported and not suppressed. "Emitted" here corresponds to the association stereotyped as <> in 3GPP TS 32.662 [11]. | + +#### 7.6.1.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationFailed | Condition: Pre-condition is false or post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| objectClassSpecificationMismatched | Condition: The object class named by ObjectClassIdentifier input parameter does not match the object class of the managed object specified by a non-null referenceObjectInstance input parameter.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| InvalidObjectInstance | Condition: The object instance name specified implied a violation of the naming rules;
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| createNotAllowed | Condition: The object to be created may not be created over the Itf-N.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| noSuchObjectClass | Condition: The class of the specified managed object is not recognized.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| classInstanceConflict | Condition: The specified managed object instance may not be created as member of the specified class.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| noSuchAttribute | Condition: A specified attribute is not recognized or is not valid for specified object class.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| invalidAttributeValue | Condition: Value specified for an attribute is not valid for that attribute.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| missingAttributeValue | Condition: One or more required attribute values were not supplied and default values are not available.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| parentObjectDoesNotExist | Condition: The parent MO instance of the ManagedEntity specified to be created does not exist.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +### 7.6.2 deleteMO (O) + +#### 7.6.2.1 Definition + +This operation is invoked by IRPManager to request the deletion of one or more Managed Object instances from the MIB maintained by IRPAgent. This operation provides functionality that is similar to that provided by the M-DELETE service defined by CMIS (ITU-T Recommendation X.710 [7]). + +#### 7.6.2.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|--------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| baseObjectInstance | M | DistinguishedName | The MO instance that is to be used as the starting point for the selection of managed objects to which the filter (when supplied) is to be applied. This is a full Distinguished Name according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. | +| scope | M | See corresponding parameter in getMOAttributes. | See corresponding parameter in getMOAttributes. | +| filter | M | See comment | See corresponding parameter in getMOAttributes. | + +#### 7.6.2.3 Output Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|--------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| deletionList | M | LIST OF SEQUENCE<
ManagedEntity.distinguishedName,
ManagedEntity.objectClass> | If the base object alone is specified, then this parameter is optional; otherwise it contains a list of managedObjectInstance/managedObjectClass pairs identifying the managed objects deleted. | +| status | M | ENUM (OperationSucceeded, OperationFailed, OperationPartiallySucceeded) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason. The operation is partially successful if some, but not all, objects selected to be deleted are actually deleted. | + +In lieu of a synchronization parameter, best effort synchronization will apply; that is, all managed objects selected for this operation will perform the operation if possible regardless of whether some managed objects fail to perform it. + +#### 7.6.2.4 Pre-condition + +baseObjectExists AND allChildrenOfObjectsToBeDeletedSpecifiedForDeletion + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| baseObjectExists | The ManagedEntity instance specified by the baseObjectInstance parameter exists. | +| allChildrenOfObjectsToBeDeletedSpecifiedForDeletion | For any ManagedEntity instance specified for deletion, all of its dependant ManagedEntity instances must be specified for deletion. | + +#### 7.6.2.5 Post-condition + +(*selectedObjectsDeleted* OR *someSelectedObjectsDeleted*) AND *objectDeletionNotificationEmitted* + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| selectedObjectsDeleted | All of the ManagedEntity instances selected for deletion are deleted. | +| someSelectedObjectsDeleted | Some but not all of the selected ManagedEntity instances were deleted and for any of the ManagedEntity instances deleted all of the child ManagedEntity instances of that ManagedEntity instance is deleted. | +| objectDeletionNotificationEmitted | An object deletion notification (as defined in TS 32.662 [11]) is emitted for each notifiable deleted object. Notifiable here means that the notification is supported and not suppressed. "Emitted" here corresponds to the association stereotyped as <> in 3GPP TS 32.662 [11]. An object deletion notification of a managed object containing a sub-tree implies deletion of all managed objects in the sub-tree. IRP Agent should make the best effort to reduce the number of object deletion notifications, for example by sending only one notification for the sub-tree root object in the event of a successful deletion of an entire sub-tree. | + +#### 7.6.2.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationFailed | Condition: Pre-condition is false or post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| invalidObjectInstance | Condition: The object instance name specified implied a violation of the naming rules;
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| deleteNotAllowed | Condition: Some of the object instances to be deleted may not be deleted over the Itf-N.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| resourceLimitation | Condition: Operation not performed due to resource limitation.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| complexityLimitation | Condition: Operation not performed because a parameter was too complex.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +### 7.6.3 setMOAttributes (O) + +#### 7.6.3.1 Definition + +This operation is invoked by IRPManager to request the modification of management information (Managed Object attribute values) in the MIB maintained by IRP Agent. Attributes of one or several Managed Objects may be modified - based on the containment hierarchy. This operation provides functionality that is similar to that provided by the M-SET service defined by CMIS (ITU-T Recommendation X.710 [7]). + +#### 7.6.3.2 Input Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Information Type | Comment | +|--------------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| baseObjectInstance | M | DistinguishedName | The MO instance that is to be used as the starting point for the selection of managed objects to which the filter (when supplied) is to be applied. This is a full Distinguished Name according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. | +| scope | M | See corresponding parameter in getMOAttributes. | See corresponding parameter in getMOAttributes. | +| filter | M | See comment | See corresponding parameter in getMOAttributes. | +| modificationList | M | LIST OF SEQUENCE

See Comment for when attribute values are required and when they are optional. | This parameter contains a set of attribute modification specifications, each of which contains:
1. attribute identifier: the identifier of the attribute whose value(s) is(are) to be modified.
2. attribute value: the value(s) to be used in the modification of the attribute. The use of this parameter is defined by the modify operator. This parameter is optional when the set to default modify operator is specified and if supplied, shall be ignored.
3. modify operator: the way in which the attribute values(s) (if supplied) is(are) to be applied to the attribute. The possible operators are:

replace: the attribute value(s) specified shall be used to replace the current values(s) of the attribute;

add values: the attribute values(s) specified shall be added to the current value(s) of the attribute. This operator shall only be applied to a set-valued attribute and shall perform a set union (in the mathematical sense) between the current values(s) of the attribute and the attribute value(s) specified. Value(s) specified in the attribute value parameter which is(are) already in the current values of the attribute shall not cause an error to be returned.

remove values: the attribute value(s) specified shall be removed from the current values(s) of the attribute. This operator shall only be applied to a set-valued attribute and shall perform a set difference (in the mathematical sense) between the current value(s) of the attribute and the attribute values(s) specified. Value(s) specified in the attribute value parameter which is(are) not in the current value(s) of the attribute shall not cause an error to be returned;

set to default: when this operator is applied to a single-valued attribute, the value of the attribute shall be set to its default value. When this operator is applied to a set-valued attribute, the value(s) of the attribute shall be set to their default value(s) and only as many values as defined by the default shall be assigned. If there is no default value defined, an error shall be returned.
Note: Set is used here in the mathematical sense so that a set-valued attribute is an unordered set of unique values.
The modify operator is optional, and if it is not specified, the replace operator shall be assumed.
The modificationList parameter contains a single set of attribute modification specifications and this same set is applied to each managed object instance to be modified. | + +#### 7.6.3.3 Output Parameters + +| Name | Qualifier | Matching Information | Comment | +|---------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| modificationListOut | M | LIST OF SEQUENCE< ManagedEntity.distinguishedName, ManagedEntity.objectClass, LIST OF SEQUENCE> | This parameter will provide for each managed object instance the full Distinguished Name of the managed object instance, the managedObjectClass, and a list of name/value pairs with the values of all the attributes of the modified managed object instance after modification. The form of this information is solution set dependant and may be provided in one or many data structures. | +| status | M | ENUM (OperationSucceeded, OperationFailed, OperationPartiallySucceeded) | An operation may fail because of a specified or unspecified reason and no attributes have been updated. The operation is only successful if all specified attributes of all selected objects are actually modified. Otherwise, the operation is partially successful. | + +In lieu of a synchronization parameter, best effort synchronization will apply; that is, all managed objects selected for this operation will perform the operation if possible regardless of whether some managed objects fail to perform it. + +#### 7.6.3.4 Pre-condition + +baseObjectExists + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| baseObjectExists | The ManagedEntity instance specified by the baseObjectInstance parameter exists. | + +#### 7.6.3.5 Post-condition + +(selectedObjectsModified OR someSelectedObjectsModified) AND attributeValueChangeNotificationEmitted + +| Assertion Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| selectedObjectsModified | All of the attributes of all of the ManagedEntity instances selected for modification are modified as specified. | +| someSelectedObjectsModified | Some attributes of some of the selected ManagedEntity instances were modified but not all attributes of all selected ManagedEntity instances. | +| attributeValueChangeNotificationEmitted | A notifyAttributeValueChange notification (as defined in TS 32.662 [11]) is emitted for the notifiable attributes of each modified object instance. Notifiable here means that the notification is supported and not suppressed. "Emitted" here corresponds to the association stereotyped as <> in 3GPP TS 32.662 [11]. | + +#### 7.6.3.6 Exceptions + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationFailed | Condition: Pre-condition is false or post-condition is false.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| modifyNotAllowed | Condition: The object to be modified may not be modified over the Itf-N.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| noSuchAttribute | Condition: A specified attribute is not recognized or is not valid for specified object class.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| invalidAttributeValue | Condition: Value specified for an attribute is not valid for that attribute.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| missingAttributeValue | Condition: One or more required attribute values were not supplied and default values are not available.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| resourceLimitation | Condition: Operation not performed due to resource limitation.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | +| complexityLimitation | Condition: Operation not performed because a parameter was too complex.
Returned Information: The output parameter status.
Exit state: Entry state. | + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Jun 2001 | SA_12 | SP-010283 | -- | -- | New document 32.602 based on 32.106-5 V3.1.0
Approved at TSG SA #12 and placed under Change Control | 2.0.0 | 4.0.0 | +| Sep 2001 | SA_13 | SP-010476 | 001 | -- | Replace the current parameter invokeIdentifier with the two parameters invokeIdentifierIn and invokeIdentifierOut in the operations getMoAttributes() and getContainment() | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | +| Sep 2002 | SA_17 | SP-020483 | 002 | -- | Add Active CM and new methodology, Remove CM Notifications (moved to Kernel CM - 32.66x) | 4.1.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Mar 2002 | SA_19 | SP-030144 | 003 | -- | Add post-condition for notifications of each activeCM operation and one exception for createMO | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Dec 2003 | SA_22 | SP-030630 | 005 | -- | Correction of System Context | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| Mar 2004 | SA_23 | SP-040119 | 007 | -- | Correction of System Context | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| Mar 2004 | SA_23 | SP-040105 | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-6 (no CR) | 5.3.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SA_27 | SP-050044 | 008 | -- | Apply Generic System Context | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | 6.1.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA_46 | SP-090718 | 010 | -- | Clarify scope parameter for getMoAttributes operation | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA_46 | SP-090719 | 009 | -- | Align with standard usage of inheritance in class diagram | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2012-12 | SA_58 | SP-120783 | 011 | - | add reference to ITU-T Rec | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 2013-03 | SA_59 | SP-130060 | 012 | 1 | Correct getMoAttributes operation description | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32611/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32611/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bea3422f2fa4ffc83834789130147798ae5ed20b --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32611/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,250 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|-----------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Bulk CM and Itf-N Interface..... | 8 | +| 4.1 Bulk CM principles ..... | 8 | +| 4.2 Overview of IRPs related to Bulk CM ..... | 8 | +| 4.3 Bulk CM Requirements..... | 8 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 11 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.611: **"Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements"**. +- 32.612: "Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- 32.616: "Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document describes the Bulk Configuration Management (CM) requirements for managing a 3G network. This is described from the management perspective in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. + +The Itf-N for CM is built up by a number of Integration Reference Points (IRPs) and a related Name Convention 3GPP TS 32.300 [3], which realise the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. For CM, a number of IRPs (and a Name Convention) are defined, used by this as well as by other specifications for Telecom Management produced by 3GPP. These IRPs are defined in separate 3GPP specifications, and listed in the table in the Introduction clause above. This document defines the requirements for the Bulk CM IRP. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +[1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". + +[2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". + +[3] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". + +[4] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. + +**Data:** is any information or set of information required to give software or equipment or combinations thereof a specific state of functionality. + +**Element Manager (EM):** provides a package of end-user functions for management of a set of closely related types of Network Elements (NEs). These functions can be divided into two main categories: + +- *Element Management Functions* for management of NEs on an individual basis. These are basically the same functions as supported by the corresponding local terminals. +- *Sub-Network Management Functions* that are related to a network model for a set of NEs constituting a clearly defined sub-network, which may include relations between the NEs. This model enables additional functions on the sub-network level (typically in the areas of network topology presentation, alarm correlation, service impact analysis and circuit provisioning). + +**Firmware:** is a term used in contrast to software to identify the hard-coded program, which is not downloadable on the system. + +**Hardware:** is each and every tangible item. + +**IRP Information Model:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**IRP Information Service:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**IRP Solution Set:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**Managed Object (MO):** an abstract entity, which may be accessed through an open interface between two or more systems, and representing a Network Resource (NR) for the purpose of management. The Managed Object (MO) is an instance of a Managed Object Class (MOC) as defined in a Management Information Model (MIM). The MIM does not define how the MO or NR is implemented; only what can be seen in the interface. + +**Management Information Base (MIB):** the set of existing managed objects in a management domain, together with their attributes, constitutes that management domain's MIB. The MIB may be distributed over several OS/NEs. + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** also referred to as NRM – see the definition below. There is a slight difference between the meaning of MIM and NRM – the term MIM is generic and can be used to denote any type of management model, while NRM denotes the model of the actual managed telecommunications Network Resources (NRs). + +**Network Element (NE):** is a discrete telecommunications entity, which can be, managed over a specific interface e.g. the RNC. + +**Network Manager (NM):** provides a package of end-user functions with the responsibility for the management of a network, mainly as supported by the EM(s) but it may also involve direct access to the NEs. All communication with the network is based on open and well-standardised interfaces supporting management of multi-vendor and multi-technology NEs. + +**Network Resource (NR):** is a component of a NE, which can be identified as a discrete separate entity and is in an object oriented environment for the purpose of management represented by an abstract entity called Managed Object (MO). + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** a model representing the actual managed telecommunications Network Resources (NRs) that a System is providing through the subject IRP. An NRM describes Managed Object Classes (MOC), their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above) which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +**Object Management Group (OMG):** see . + +**Operations System (OS):** indicates a generic management system, independent of its location level within the management hierarchy. + +**Operator:** is either + +- a human being controlling and managing the network; or +- a company running a network (the 3G network operator). + +**Optimisation:** of the network is each up-date or modification to improve the network handling and/or to enhance subscriber satisfaction. The aim is to maximise the performance of the system. + +**Re-configuration:** is the re-arrangement of the parts, hardware and/or software that make up the 3G network. A re-configuration can be of the parts of a single NE or can be the re-arrangement of the NEs themselves, as the parts of the 3G network. A re-configuration may be triggered by a human operator or by the system itself. + +**Reversion:** is a procedure by which a configuration, which existed before changes were made, is restored. + +**Software:** is a term used in contrast to firmware to refer to all programs which can be loaded to and used in a particular system. + +**Up-Dates:** generally consist of software, firmware, equipment and hardware, designed only to consolidate one or more modifications to counter-act errors. As such, they do not offer new facilities or features and only apply to existing NEs. + +**Up-Grades:** can be of the following types: + +- enhancement - the addition of new features or facilities to the 3G network; + +- extension - the addition of replicas of existing entities. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FM | Fault Management | +| FW | Firmware | +| HW | Hardware | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| MOI | Managed Object Instance | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| OS | Operations System | +| OSF | Operations System Function | +| PM | Performance Management | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| SW | Software | +| TM | Telecom Management | +| TRX | Transceiver | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language (OMG) | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +# --- 4 Bulk CM and Itf-N Interface + +## 4.1 Bulk CM principles + +The Itf-N (see ref. 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]) is an object oriented interface, i.e. all resources of the 3G network (functional and physical resources) whose management is standardised by the present document are represented as Managed Object Instances (MOI) of a Network Resource Model (NRM). + +The NRM shall be highly simplified for the purpose of the NM, based on the assumption that all of the detailed CM actions are performed by an Element Manager (EM), which knows the vendor-specific NRM and configuration. + +There are two types of CM functions - *Passive CM* and *Active CM* (see 3GPP TS 32.600 [4] for definitions). + +There are also at least two approaches to CM - *Basic CM* and *Bulk CM*. Refer to 3GPP TS 32.600 [4] for Basic CM. + +*Bulk CM* is characterised by + +- Bulk (file-oriented) data retrieval (configuration parameters) over Interface-N from single NEs, a collection of NEs or the whole network. (The passive aspect of Bulk CM.) +- Bulk (file-oriented) data download of configuration parameters to EM/NEs over Interface-N. (An active aspect of Bulk CM.) +- The network-wide activation of those parameters through a single operation. (An active aspect of Bulk CM.) +- The ability to fallback to a previous stable configuration through a single operation. (An active aspect of Bulk CM.) + +This document describes the specific functional requirements related to Bulk CM of Network Resources (NRs) on the Itf-N. + +## 4.2 Overview of IRPs related to Bulk CM + +The Itf-N for CM is built up by a number of Integration Reference Points (IRPs) and a related Name Convention, which realise the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. For CM, a number of IRPs (and a Name Convention) are defined, used by this as well as other specifications For Telecom Management (TM) produced by 3GPP. All these IRPs are defined in separate 3GPP specifications, and listed in the Introduction clause. + +## 4.3 Bulk CM Requirements + +Interface-N shall provide efficient mechanisms to upload current CM data from the IRP Agent and download new CM data to the IRP Agent. + +It shall be possible to transfer a CM file containing parameters for any specified Network Resource Model (e.g. radio network, Core Network) from the NM to the IRP Agent using a standardised file format and transfer mechanism. The IRP Agent shall also be capable of making the necessary configuration changes in its managed NEs, using the parameters and information contained in the transferred CM file. + +The following requirements have been identified regarding the file format and transfer control mechanism over Interface-N. + +1. It shall be possible to initiate the upload (IRP Agent to NM) of CM data over Interface-N. +2. It shall be possible to scope the Objects to be uploaded from the IRP Agent, e.g. parameters for a Cell, an RNC, or all the NEs managed by the IRP Agent. +3. It shall be possible to initiate the download (NM to IRP Agent) of CM data over Interface-N. +4. The parameters in the file for downloading to the IRP Agent may relate to creating Managed Objects, deleting Managed Objects or changing some or all modifiable attributes of existing Managed Objects. These parameters may be applicable to some or all the Managed Objects controlled by the IRP Agent, e.g. a Cell, an RNC, or all NEs managed by the IRP Agent. + +5. The IRP Agent should check the consistency, syntax and semantic of the downloaded file to ensure that the configuration changes contained in the file can be implemented in the network. +6. It shall be possible to activate a previously downloaded configuration file in the EM/NE via a control facility. +7. Two activation modes may be defined for this IRP, distinguishable by their impact on network services in a live network. In the first activation mode the IRP Agent shall attempt to keep impact on service to a minimum, e.g. by the IRP Agent executing only one command or configuration change at a time in a NE. In the second activation mode all configuration changes contained in the file shall be implemented in the network in the minimum possible time, regardless of impact on service. +8. Activation shall employ a best effort mechanism, i.e. if parts of the activation cannot be successfully completed, the remainder shall still be attempted, where possible. Optionally, other activation strategies may also be supported. +9. The Bulk CM IRP shall specify an optional capability to achieve as near an “all or none” activation strategy as possible. This strategy may be achieved by the use of a pre-activation operation that provides the maximum possible verification that the subsequent activate operation will succeed. +10. The activation of the new configuration in the NEs shall be logged, the objective being to enable an operator (if necessary) to analyse the log (e.g. analyse failed commands) and to subsequently achieve a full activation. Note that “activation” means execution of each command in the downloaded file, and the result of each command execution shall be logged, whether successful or unsuccessful. +11. It shall be possible to selectively retrieve the information contained in the log, e.g. only unsuccessful operations. +12. It shall be possible to check the status of a configuration file operation. +13. It shall be possible for the IRP Agent to fallback to a previously known working configuration, initiated by the IRP Manager. +14. Interface-N shall support notifications, e.g. to indicate completion of an operation, error cases. +15. The file format shall be flexible enough to include all possible CM parameter types, i.e. standard parameters as well as vendor specific parameters. The meaning, syntax, units, etc. of standard parameters shall be specified. The representation of vendor specific parameters will be proprietary. A uniform mechanism for handling vendor specific parameters shall be specified. +16. Since the files are transferred via a machine-machine interface, the file format shall be machine readable using industry standard tools, e.g. XML parser. +17. Moreover, the files shall be formatted in a human readable way, i.e. to allow manual editing of its contents by the IRPManager before downloading. +18. The file format shall be specified by using a standardised language, e.g. the Extensible Mark-up Language (XML), in order to provide the possibility of visualisation in a web browser. +19. The same file format shall be used for the upload and download to the IRP Agent. +20. The file format shall be independent of the data transfer protocol used to carry the file from one system to another. +21. The file transfer facility shall be implemented using a commonly available protocol, e.g. FTP. +22. The Managed Object Class identifiers used in the file shall be the same as those used for Basic CM, Fault Management and Performance Management. +23. Bulk CM IRP shall be sufficient to configure a complete radio network, including vendor specific parameters of the UTRAN. +24. For security considerations, notifications should be generated by the IRP Agent whenever download, activate or fallback operations are initiated during a Bulk CM session. These notifications shall be available to any IRP Manager that has subscribed to Bulk CM IRP notifications and shall include the session id, the identity of the IRP Manager invoking the operation, and the type of operation. +25. For security considerations, the IRP Agent shall ensure that only the IRP Manager that started a Bulk CM session is subsequently allowed to send commands related to that session. This check shall be made for each command issued + +during the session. If the IRPManager is not the same, the command shall not be performed and the session state shall not be changed, and a security alarm issued. + +26. For security considerations, if the IRPAgent has the information that a downloaded file has been changed during a session before pre-activation or activation, the pre-activation or activation command shall not be performed and the session state shall not be changed and a security alarm shall be issued. +27. For security considerations, the IRPAgent should maintain a log of sessions, i.e. identity of IRPManager initiating a session, session start and end times, Bulk CM operations (e.g. activate, fallback) performed during a session including their start and end times. This requirement may be partially satisfied by Notification Log IRP. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Jun 2001 | S 12 | SP-010283 | -- | -- | Approved at TSG SA #12 and placed under Change Control | 2.0.0 | 4.0.0 | +| Jun 2002 | S 16 | SP-020295 | 001 | -- | Adding Bulk CM IRP requirements for Rel-5 | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Sep 2002 | S 17 | SP-020486 | 002 | -- | Additional Bulk CM IRP requirements for Rel-5 | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Mar 2004 | S 23 | SP-040105 | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-6 (no CR) | 5.1.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Sep 2004 | S 25 | SP-040571 | 003 | -- | Enhancements to Bulk CM IRP for Security | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Dec 2004 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Word XP "Open and Repair" & added the TS-family to Introduction. Reference updates. Editorial cosmetics | 6.1.0 | 6.1.1 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | 6.1.1 | 7.0.0 | +| Mar 2009 | SA_43 | SP-090207 | 004 | -- | Include reference to SOAP Solution Set specification | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 2009-12 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/21327313f7b18a481da0c87a6472a80d_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/21327313f7b18a481da0c87a6472a80d_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bd4b4102243cafbb1b5069ab333be2febecafe38 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/21327313f7b18a481da0c87a6472a80d_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:1f93c71e2b61840bded7728057c872690f10f69b90d9ccd314ddb3b9e36ebd0f +size 38775 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/3e2dcee303cecdd31b7f9ec0d8942fed_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/3e2dcee303cecdd31b7f9ec0d8942fed_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fea354559639518e959546334e168bca822ebba6 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/3e2dcee303cecdd31b7f9ec0d8942fed_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:b1bec17b1c9f7d97b852bd5e416fe61b0f7d0679189dba7f7c85ca0e5a9eea20 +size 38273 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/a7721892ae499a78173ff3dfdc4e65a9_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/a7721892ae499a78173ff3dfdc4e65a9_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6a40964fd78d03a1195d5bffc2e08fb4bbe1fab8 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/a7721892ae499a78173ff3dfdc4e65a9_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:75197bef016ee5b2f35cdb33c912c62b2486caaba1139cd1f6535b7c3b15f6b9 +size 82641 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..be80bad91643a33713665a9bcc55268ace0ebec1 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32616/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,4100 @@ + + + + +Error! No +text of + +Error! No text of specified style in +document. + +# Contents + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 6 | +| Introduction ..... | 6 | +| 1 Scope..... | 7 | +| 2 References..... | 7 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 10 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 10 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 11 | +| 4 Solution Set Definitions ..... | 11 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 12 | +| A.1 Architectural features..... | 12 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 12 | +| A.1.2 BulkCMIRPNotifications Interface..... | 12 | +| A.1.2.1 Method push (M)..... | 12 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 13 | +| A.2.1 General mappings..... | 13 | +| A.2.2 Operation and Notification mapping..... | 13 | +| A.2.3 Operation parameter mapping..... | 15 | +| A.2.4 Notification parameter mapping..... | 19 | +| A.2.5 Two modes of operations ..... | 22 | +| A.2.6 Mapping from IS State Names to SS equivalents ..... | 23 | +| A.2.7 Package Mapping..... | 23 | +| A.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 24 | +| A.3.1 IDL definition structure..... | 24 | +| A.3.2 IDL specification "BulkCmIRPConstDefs.idl"..... | 25 | +| A.3.3 IDL specification "BulkCMIRPSystem.idl" ..... | 28 | +| A.3.4 IDL specification "BulkCMIRPNotifications.idl" ..... | 36 | +| Annex B (normative): XML Definitions..... | 38 | +| B.1 Architectural Features ..... | 38 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 38 | +| B.2 Structure and content of configuration data XML files ..... | 38 | +| B.2.1 Global structure ..... | 38 | +| B.2.2 XML elements fileHeader and fileFooter..... | 40 | +| B.2.2.1 XML element fileHeader..... | 40 | +| B.2.2.2 XML element fileFooter..... | 40 | +| B.2.3 XML element configData ..... | 41 | +| B.2.4 NRM-specific XML elements..... | 42 | +| B.2.4.1 NRM-specific XML schemas..... | 42 | +| B.2.4.2 Generic mapping rules..... | 42 | +| B.2.5 XML attribute specification modifier..... | 45 | +| B.2.6 XML elements VsDataContainer, vsData and vsDataFormatVersion..... | 49 | +| B.3 Structure and content of session log XML files..... | 50 | +| B.3.1 Global structure ..... | 50 | +| B.3.2 XML elements fileHeader and fileFooter ..... | 51 | +| B.3.3 XML element activity..... | 51 | +| B.4 Solution Set definitions ..... | 53 | +| B.4.1 XML definition structure ..... | 53 | +| B.4.2 Graphical Representation ..... | 54 | +| B.4.3 XML Schema "configData.xsd"..... | 55 | +| B.4.4 Example XML Schema "NNRncHandOver.1.1.xsd"..... | 58 | + +| | | | +|-------|---------------------------------------|----| +| B.4.5 | XML Schema “sessionLog.xsd” ..... | 59 | +| B.4.6 | XML Schema “bulkCMIRPNotif.xsd” ..... | 61 | + +# **Annex C (normative): SOAP Solution Set..... 63** + +| | | | +|------------|-----------------------------------------|----| +| C.1 | Architectural features..... | 63 | +| C.1.1 | Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 63 | +| C.1.2 | Supported W3C specifications..... | 63 | +| C.1.3 | Prefixes and namespaces..... | 63 | +| C.1.4 | Filter language..... | 63 | +| C.2 | Mapping ..... | 64 | +| C.2.1 | Operation and notification mapping..... | 64 | +| C.2.2 | Operation parameter mapping..... | 65 | +| C.2.2.1 | Operation startSession ..... | 65 | +| C.2.2.1.1 | Input parameters ..... | 65 | +| C.2.2.1.2 | Output parameters..... | 65 | +| C.2.2.1.3 | Fault definition..... | 65 | +| C.2.2.2 | Operation endSession ..... | 65 | +| C.2.2.2.1 | Input parameters ..... | 65 | +| C.2.2.2.2 | Output parameters..... | 66 | +| C.2.2.2.3 | Fault definition..... | 66 | +| C.2.2.3 | Operation abortSessionOperation..... | 66 | +| C.2.2.3.1 | Input parameters ..... | 66 | +| C.2.2.3.2 | Output parameters..... | 66 | +| C.2.2.3.3 | Fault definition..... | 66 | +| C.2.2.4 | Operation getSessionIds..... | 67 | +| C.2.2.4.1 | Input parameters ..... | 67 | +| C.2.2.4.2 | Output parameters..... | 67 | +| C.2.2.4.3 | Fault definition..... | 67 | +| C.2.2.5 | Operation getSessionStatus..... | 67 | +| C.2.2.5.1 | Input parameters ..... | 67 | +| C.2.2.5.2 | Output parameters..... | 67 | +| C.2.2.5.3 | Fault definition..... | 68 | +| C.2.2.6 | Operation getSessionLog..... | 68 | +| C.2.2.6.1 | Input parameters ..... | 68 | +| C.2.2.6.2 | Output parameters..... | 68 | +| C.2.2.6.3 | Fault definition..... | 68 | +| C.2.2.7 | Operation upload..... | 69 | +| C.2.2.7.1 | Input parameters ..... | 69 | +| C.2.2.7.2 | Output parameters..... | 69 | +| C.2.2.7.3 | Fault definition..... | 69 | +| C.2.2.8 | Operation download..... | 69 | +| C.2.2.8.1 | Input parameters ..... | 69 | +| C.2.2.8.2 | Output parameters..... | 70 | +| C.2.2.8.3 | Fault definition..... | 70 | +| C.2.2.9 | Operation validate..... | 70 | +| C.2.2.9.1 | Input parameters ..... | 70 | +| C.2.2.9.2 | Output parameters..... | 70 | +| C.2.2.9.3 | Fault definition..... | 70 | +| C.2.2.10 | Operation preactivate..... | 71 | +| C.2.2.10.1 | Input parameters ..... | 71 | +| C.2.2.10.2 | Output parameters..... | 71 | +| C.2.2.10.3 | Fault definition..... | 71 | +| C.2.2.11 | Operation activate..... | 71 | +| C.2.2.11.1 | Input parameters ..... | 71 | +| C.2.2.11.2 | Output parameters..... | 72 | +| C.2.2.11.3 | Fault definition..... | 72 | +| C.2.2.12 | Operation fallback..... | 72 | +| C.2.2.12.1 | Input parameters ..... | 72 | +| C.2.2.12.2 | Output parameters..... | 72 | +| C.2.2.12.3 | Fault definition..... | 72 | + +C.3 Solution Set definitions ..... 73 +C.3.1 WSDL definition structure ..... 73 +C.3.2 Graphical Representation ..... 73 +C.3.3 WSDL specification “BulkCMIRPSystem.wsdl” ..... 74 +Annex D (informative): Change history..... 83 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.611: "Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- 32.612: "Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- 32.616: "Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions".** + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Element (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service. The CM actions are initiated either as a single action on a NE of the 3G network or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the Solution Sets for the IRP whose semantics are specified in Bulk CM IRP: Information Service (3GPP TS 32.612 [9]). + +This Solution Set specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.612 V11.0.X. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.306: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.312: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Information Service (IS)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.316: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management: Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.611: " Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements ". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.612: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.626: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.632: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); CN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.636: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Core network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.642: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [15] 3GPP TS 32.646: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +- [16] 3GPP TS 32.652: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [17] 3GPP TS 32.656: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [18] 3GPP TS 32.692 "Inventory Management (IM) network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [19] 3GPP TS 32.696: "Telecommunication management; Inventory Management (IM) Network Resource Model (NRM); Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [20] 3GPP TS 32.716: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Transport Network (TN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [21] 3GPP TS 32.736: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [22] 3GPP TS 32.742: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) Interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [23] 3GPP TS 32.746: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) Interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [24] 3GPP TS 32.756: " Telecommunication management; Evolved Packet Core (EPC) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [25] 3GPP TS 32.766: "Telecommunication management; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [26] OMG Notification Service, Version 1.0. +- [27] W3C REC-xml-20001006: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)". +- [28] W3C REC-xmlschema-0-20010502: "XML Schema Part 0: Primer". +- [29] W3C REC-xmlschema-1-20010502: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures". +- [30] W3C REC-xmlschema-2-20010502: "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes". +- [31] W3C REC-xml-names-19990114: "Namespaces in XML". +- [32] W3C SOAP 1.1 specification () +- [33] W3C XPath 1.0 specification () +- [34] W3C WSDL 1.1 specification () +- [35] W3C SOAP 1.2 specification () +- [36] 3GPP TS 32.172: "Telecommunication management; Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [37] 3GPP TS 32.176: "Telecommunication management; Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [38] 3GPP TS 32.522: "Telecommunication management; Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [39] 3GPP TS 32.526: "Telecommunication management; Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +- [40] 3GPP TS 32.712: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Transport Network (TN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [41] 3GPP TS 32.722: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Repeater network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); information Service (IS)". +- [42] 3GPP TS 32.726: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Repeater network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [43] 3GPP TS 32.732: "Telecommunication management; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [44] 3GPP TS 32.752: "Telecommunication management; Evolved Packet Core (EPC) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [45] 3GPP TS 32.762: "Telecommunication management; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [46] 3GPP TS 32.772: "Telecommunication management; Home Node B (HNB) Subsystem (HNS); Network Resource Model (NRM); Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [47] 3GPP TS 32.776: "Telecommunication management; Home Node B (HNB) Subsystem (HNS); Network Resource Model (NRM); Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [48] 3GPP TS 32.782: "Telecommunication management; Home enhanced Node B (HeNB) Subsystem (HeNS); Network Resource Model (NRM); Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [49] 3GPP TS 32.786: "Telecommunication management; Home enhanced Node B (HeNB) Subsystem (HeNS); Network Resource Model (NRM); Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [50] 3GPP TS 32.796: "Telecommunication management; Generic Radio Access Network (RAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +# 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For terms and definitions please refer to TS 32.101 [1], TS 32.102 [2], TS 32.150 [3], TS 32.172 [36], TS 32.522 [38], TS 32.611 [8], TS 32.612 [9], TS 32.622 [10], TS 32.632 [12], TS 32.642 [14], TS 32.652 [16], TS 32.692 [18], TS 32.712 [40], 32.722 [41], TS 32.732 [43], TS 32.742 [22], TS 32.752 [44], TS 32.762 [45], TS 32.772 [46] and TS 32.782 [48]. + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. + +**IRP document version number string** (or "IRPVersion"): See 3GPP TS 32.312 [6]. + +**XML file**: a file containing an XML document. + +**XML document**: see [27]; in the scope of this specification, an XML document is composed of the succession of an optional XML declaration followed by a root XML element. + +**XML declaration**: see [27]; it specifies the version of XML and the character encoding being used. + +**XML element**: see [27]; an XML element has a type, is identified by a name, may have a set of XML attribute specifications and is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag followed by the XML content of the XML element followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag; each XML element may contain other XML elements. + +**empty XML element**: see [27]; an XML element having an empty XML content; an empty XML element still possibly has a set of XML attribute specifications; an empty XML element is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag directly followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag. + +**XML content (of an XML element)**: empty if the XML element is simply composed of an XML empty-element tag; otherwise the part, possibly empty, of the XML element between its XML start-tag and its XML end-tag. + +**XML start-tag**: see [27]; the beginning of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML start-tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element. + +**XML end-tag**: see [27]; the end of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML end-tag containing the name of the XML element. + +**XML empty-element tag**: see [27]; an empty XML element is composed simply of an empty-element tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element. + +**XML attribute specification**: see [27]; an XML attribute specification has a name and a value. + +**DTD**: see [27]; a DTD defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to be valid with regard to this DTD. + +**XML schema**: see [28], [29] and [30]; more powerful than a DTD, an XML schema defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to conform with this XML schema; through the use of XML namespaces several XML schemas can be used together by a single XML document; an XML schema is itself also an XML document that shall conform with the XML schema for XML schemas. + +**XML namespace**: see [31]; in the scope of this specification, enables qualifying element and attribute names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by different XML schemas. + +**XML complex type**: see [28], [29] and [30]; defined in an XML schema; cannot be directly used in an XML document; can be the concrete type or the derivation base type for an XML element type or for another XML complex type; ultimately defines constraints for an XML element on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content. + +**XML element type**: see [28], [29] and [30]; declared by an XML schema; can be directly used in an XML document; as the concrete type of an XML element, directly or indirectly defines constraints on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content; can also be the concrete type or the derivation base type for another XML element type. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| CM | Configuration Management | +| DN | Distinguished Name | +| DTD | Document Type Definition | +| EDGE | Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution | +| GERAN | GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communication | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language (OMG) | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| RDN | Relative Distinguished Name | +| SS | Solution Set | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| WSDL | Web Service Description Language | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# --- 4 Solution Set Definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP Bulk CM IRP Solution Set Definitions: + +Annex A provides the CORBA Solution Set. + +Annex B provides the XML Definitions. + +Annex C provides the SOAP Solution Set. + +# Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex specifies the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics are specified in 3GPP TS 32.612 [9]. + +## A.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of Bulk CM IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.612 [9]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the CORBA SS. + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [4]. + +### A.1.2 BulkCMIRPNotifications Interface + +OMG CORBA Notification push operation is used to realise the notification of BulkCMIRPNotifications. All the notifications in this interface are implemented using this push\_structured\_event method. + +#### A.1.2.1 Method push (M) + +``` +module CosNotifyComm { + ... + Interface SequencePushConsumer : NotifyPublish { + void push_structured_events( + in CosNotification::EventBatch notifications) + raises( CosEventComm::Disconnected); + ... + }; // SequencePushConsumer + ... +}; // CosNotifyComm +``` + +NOTE 1: The push\_structured\_events method takes an input parameter of type EventBatch as defined in the OMG CosNotification module (OMG Notification Service [26]). This data type is the same as a sequence of Structured Events. Upon invocation, this parameter will contain a sequence of Structured Events being delivered to IRPManager by IRPAgent to which it is connected. + +NOTE 2: The maximum number of events that will be transmitted within a single invocation of this operation is controlled by IRPAgent wide configuration parameter. + +NOTE 3: The amount of time the supplier (IRPAgent) of a sequence of Structured Events will accumulate individual events into the sequence before invoking this operation is controlled by IRPAgent wide configuration parameter as well. + +NOTE 4: IRPAgent may push EventBatch with only one Structured Event. + +## A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 General mappings + +All MOs are arranged in a **containment** structure, according to the containment relations defined in the NRM. This structure is held internally by the IRP Agent. Externally, the MO containment structure is defined by the semantics in the distinguished name syntax. The distinguished name (DN) for a MO contains the distinguished name of the parent plus the Relative DN for the MO itself. + +**Associations** as defined in the NRM (UML) are in this document mapped to attributes in the MIB. The names of the roles for an association in the NRM are used for defining attribute names in the MIB. When the cardinality for a role is 0..1 or 1..1 the datatype for the attribute is defined as a MO reference. The value of a MO reference contains the distinguished name of the referred MO. When the cardinality for a role allows more than one referred MO instances, the attribute will contain a sequence of MO references (i.e., DNs). + +### A.2.2 Operation and Notification mapping + +The IS part of Bulk CM: IRP defines semantics of operations and notifications visible across the Bulk Configuration IRP. The table below indicates mapping of these operations and notifications to their equivalents defined in this document. + +There are 3 qualifications for each row of the following mapping table. + +The 3 qualifications correspond to the three IS-defined packages: Controlled Upload & Provisioning, Controlled Upload and Simple Upload. + +Not all operations/notifications specified in the following table are required for all 3 packages. + +An ‘-’ indicates that the subject operation or notification is not allowed by that corresponding package. + +**Table A.2.2: Mapping from IM Notification/Operation to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation/ notification | SS Method | Qualifier | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------| +| startSession | start_session | M,M,- | +| endSession | end_session | M,M,- | +| upload | upload | M,M,M | +| download | download | M,-,- | +| activate | activate | M,-,- | +| getSessionStatus | get_session_status | M,M,- | +| getSessionIds | get_session_ids | M,M,- | +| getSessionLog | get_session_log | M,M,- | +| fallback | fallback | M,-,- | +| abortSessionOperation | abort_session_operation | M,M,- | +| getIRPVersion | get_bulk_cm_irp_versions
get_controlled_upload_bulk_cm_irp_versions
get_simple_upload_bulk_cm_irp_versions | M,-,-
-,M,-
-, -,M | +| notifySessionStateChanged | push_structured_event
Note that OMG Notification Service OMG Notification Service [26] defines this method.
See clause A.1.2. | M,M,M | +| notifyGetSessionLogEnded | push_structured_event
Note that OMG Notification Service OMG Notification Service [26] defines this method.
See clause A.1.2. | M,M,- | +| preactivate | preactivate | O,-,- | +| validate | validate | O,-,- | +| getOperationProfile | get_bulk_cm_irp_operation_profile
get_controlled_upload_bulk_cm_irp_operation_profile
get_simple_upload_bulk_cm_irp_operation_profile | O,-,-
-,O,-
-, -,O | +| getNotificationProfile | get_bulk_cm_irp_notification_profile
get_controlled_upload_bulk_cm_irp_notification_profile
get_simple_upload_bulk_cm_irp_notification_profile | O,-,-
-,O,-
-, -,O | + +### A.2.3 Operation parameter mapping + +Reference Bulk CM IRP; Information Service [9] defines semantics of parameters carried in operations. The tables below indicate the mapping of these parameters, as per operation, to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table A.2.3.1: Mapping from IS startSession parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| status | Exceptions:
StartSessionException, SessionIdInUseException,
MaxSessionReachedException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +**Table A.2.3.2: Mapping from IS endSession parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| status | Exceptions:
EndSessionException, UnknownSessionIdException,
NotValidInCurrentStateException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +**Table A.2.3.3: Mapping from IS upload parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| uploadDataFileReference | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::FileDestination sink | M | +| baseObjectInstance | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::DistinguishedName base_object | M | +| scope, filter | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SearchControl search_control | M | +| status | Exceptions:
UploadException, UnknownSessionIdException,
MaxSessionReachedException, NotValidInCurrentStateException,
ConcurrencyException, IllegalDNFormatException,
IllegalFilterFormatException, IllegalScopeTypeException,
IllegalScopeLevelException, IllegalStateException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +NOTE: The IllegalStateException does not imply that the transfer protocol used must be a URL. The transfer protocol is dependant on the file format definition, i.e. in the case of XML, FileDestination will be a URL. + +**Table A.2.3.4: Mapping from IS download parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| downloadDataFileReference | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::FileDestination source | M | +| status | Exceptions:
DownloadException, UnknownSessionIdException,
MaxSessionReachedException,
NotValidInCurrentStateException,
IllegalURLFormatException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +NOTE: The IllegalStateException does not imply that the transfer protocol used must be a URL. The transfer protocol is dependant on the file format definition, i.e. in the case of XML, FileDestination will be a URL. + +**Table A.2.3.5: Mapping from IS activate parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| activationMode | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::ActivationModeTypeOpt activation_mode | O | +| fallbackEnabled | boolean fallback | M | +| status | Exceptions:
ActivateException, UnknownSessionIdException,
NotValidInCurrentStateException, ConcurrencyException,
IllegalActivationModeException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::ParameterNotSupported,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +**Table A.2.3.6: Mapping from IS fallback parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| status | Exceptions:
FallbackException, UnknownSessionIdException,
NoFallbackException, NotValidInCurrentStateException,
ConcurrencyException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +**Table A.2.3.7: Mapping from IS abortSessionOperation parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| status | Exceptions:
AbortSessionOperationException,
UnknownSessionIdException,
NotValidInCurrentStateException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +**Table A.2.3.8: Mapping from IS getSessionIds parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionIdList | Return value of type BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionIdList | M | +| status | Exceptions:
GetSessionIdsException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +**Table A.2.3.9: Mapping from IS getSessionStatus parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| sessionState | Return value of type BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionState | M | +| Not specified in IS | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::ErrorInformation error_information | M | +| status | Exceptions:
GetSessionStatusException, UnknownSessionIdException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +**Table A.2.3.10: Mapping from IS getSessionLog parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| logFileReference | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::FileDestination sink | M | + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| contentType | boolean only_error_info | M | +| status | Exceptions:
GetSessionLogException, UnknownSessionIdException,
IllegalArgumentException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +NOTE: The IllegalArgumentException does not imply that the transfer protocol used must be a URL. The transfer protocol is dependant on the file format definition, i.e. in the case of XML, FileDestination will be a URL. + +**Table A.2.3.11: Mapping from IS getBulkCmIRPVersion parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| versionNumberList | Return value of type
ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet | M | +| status | Exceptions:
GetBulkCmIRPVersionsException | M | + +**Table A.2.3.12: Mapping from IS validate parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| activationMode | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::ActivationModeTypeOpt activation_mode | O | +| status | Exceptions:
ValidateException , UnknownSessionIdException,
NotValidInCurrentStateException, ConcurrencyException,
IllegalActivationModeException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::ParameterNotSupported,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported | M | + +**Table A.2.3.13: Mapping from IS preactivate parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id | M | +| verificationMode | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::VerificationModeTypeOpt
verification_mode | O | +| activationMode | BulkCmIRPConstDefs::ActivationModeTypeOpt activation_mode | O | +| fallbackEnabled | boolean fallback | M | +| status | Exceptions:
PreactivateException, UnknownSessionIdException,
NotValidInCurrentStateException, ConcurrencyException,
IllegalActivationModeException, IllegalVerificationModeException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::ParameterNotSupported,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported | M | + +**Table A.2.3.14: Mapping from IS getOperationProfile parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| irpVersion | ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber
bulk_cm_irp_version | M | +| operationNameProfile,
operationParameterProfile | Return value of type
ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList | M | +| status | Exceptions:
GetBulkCMIRPOperationProfileException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +**Table A.2.3.15: Mapping from IS getNotificationProfile parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| irpVersion | ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber
bulk_cm_irp_version | M | +| notificationNameProfile,
notificationParameterProfile | Return value of type
ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList | M | +| status | Exceptions:
GetBulkCMIRPNotificationProfileException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupportedException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +### A.2.4 Notification parameter mapping + +Reference 3GPP TS 32.612 [9] defines semantics of parameters carried in notifications. The following tables indicate the mapping of these parameters to their OMG CORBA Structured Event (defined in OMG Notification Service [26]) equivalents. The composition of OMG Structured Event, as defined in the OMG Notification Service [26], is: + +``` +Header + Fixed Header + domain_name + type_name + event_name + Variable Header +Body + filterable_body_fields + remaining_body +``` + +The following tables list all OMG Structured Event attributes in the second column. The first column identifies the Bulk CM IRP: IS [9] defined notification parameters. + +**Table A.2.4.1: Mapping from IS notifyGetSessionLogEnded parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Parameter | OMG CORBA Structured Event Attribute | Qualifier | Comment | +|-------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | domain_name | M | It carries the IRP document version number string. See 3GPP TS 32.312 [6].
It indicates the syntax and semantics of the Structured Event as defined by this specification. | +| notificationType | type_name | M | It carries the string NOTIFY_GET_SESSION_LOG_ENDED. | +| sessionLogStatus | event_name | M | It carries either the string GET_SESSION_LOG_COMPLETED_SUCCESSFULLY or GET_SESSION_LOG_COMPLETED_UNSUCCESSFULLY . In the case of the latter, the NV pair indicating ERROR_INFORMATION may be present. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | Variable Header | | | +| managedObjectClass, managedObjectInstance | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | NV stands for name-value pair. Order arrangement of NV pairs is not significant. The name of NV-pair is always encoded in string.

Name of NV pair is the MANAGED_OBJECT_INSTANCE of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string. See encoding of this string in [4].
These are attributes of Header defined in the IS. | +| notificationId | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the NOTIFICATION_ID of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a long.
This is an attribute of Header defined in the IS. | +| eventTime | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the EVENT_TIME of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a IRPTime.
This is an attribute of Header of the IS. | +| systemDN | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the SYSTEM_DN of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string.
This is an attribute of Header defined in the IS. | +| sessionId | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the SESSION_ID of interface NotifyGetSessionLogEnded of module BulkCMIRPNotifications.

Value of NV pair is a string. | +| sourceIndicator | One NV pair of remaining_body | O | Name of NV pair is the SOURCE_INDICATOR of interface NotifyGetSessionLogEnded of module BulkCMIRPNotifications.

Value of NV pair is a string. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the ERROR_INFORMATION of interface NotifyGetSessionLogEnded of module BulkCMIRPNotifications.

Value of NV pair is a string. | + +**Table A.2.4.2: Mapping from IS notifySessionStateChanged parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Parameter | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Qualifier | Comment | +|----------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | domain_name | M | It carries the IRP document version number string. See 3GPP TS 32.312 [6].
It indicates the syntax and semantics of the Structured Event as defined by this specification. | +| notificationType | type_name | M | It carries the string NOTIFY_SESSION_STATE_CHANGED. This is an attribute of Header defined in the IS. | +| sessionState | event_name | M | It carries one of the following:
UPLOAD_FAILED, UPLOAD_COMPLETED,
DOWNLOAD_FAILED,
DOWNLOAD_COMPLETED,
ACTIVATION_FAILED,
ACTIVATION_PARTLY_REALISED,
ACTIVATION_COMPLETED,
FALLBACK_FAILED,
FALLBACK_PARTLY_REALISED,
FALLBACK_COMPLETED,
VALIDATION_FAILED,
VALIDATION_COMPLETED,
PREACTIVATION_FAILED,
PREACTIVATION_PARTLY_REALISED,
PREACTIVATION_COMPLETED.

In the case of XXX_FAILED and XXX_PARTLY_REALISED, the NV pair indicating ERROR_INFORMATION may be present. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | Variable Header | | | +| managedObjectClass,
managedObjectInstance | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | NV stands for name-value pair. Order arrangement of NV pairs is not significant. The name of NV-pair is always encoded in string.

Name of NV pair is the MANAGED_OBJECT_INSTANCE of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string. See encoding of this string in [4].
These are attributes of Header defined in the IS. | +| notificationId | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the NOTIFICATION_ID of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a long. This is an attribute of Header defined in the IS. | +| eventTime | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the EVENT_TIME of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a IRPTime. This is an attribute of Header of the IS. | + +| IS Parameter | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Qualifier | Comment | +|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| systemDN | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | M | Name of NV pair is the SYSTEM_DN of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs.

Value of NV pair is a string.
This is an attribute of Header defined in the IS. | +| sessionId | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the SESSION_ID of interface NotifySessionStateChange of module BulkCMIRPNotifications.

Value of NV pair is a string. | +| sourceIndicator | One NV pair of remaining_body | O | Name of NV pair is the SOURCE_INDICATOR of interface NotifySessionStateChange of module BulkCMIRPNotifications.

Value of NV pair is a string. | +| There is no corresponding IS attribute. | One NV pair of remaining_body | M | Name of NV pair is the ERROR_INFORMATION of interface NotifySessionStateChange of module BulkCMIRPNotifications.

Value of NV pair is a string. | + +### A.2.5 Two modes of operations + +The upload, download, validate, preactivate, activate, get\_session\_log, and fallback are methods that use asynchronous mode of operation. The IRPManager uses the methods to request a task to be done. The IRPAgent, via the method return, indicates that it has understood the request and has begun to perform the task requested. When the IRPAgent has completed the requested task, either successfully or not, the IRPAgent will emit a notification, e.g., notifySessionStateChanged() defined in IS level and mapped to push() in SS level, to indicate the completion status of the requested task. If the IRPManager has subscribed (e.g., via the attach\_push() of Notification IRP) for notifications, then the IRPManager will receive the notification. + +The start\_session, end\_session, abort\_session\_operation, get\_session\_status, get\_session\_ids, get\_bulk\_CM\_IRP\_operation\_profile, get\_bulk\_CM\_IRP\_notification\_profile and get\_bulkCM\_IRP\_version are methods that use synchronous mode of operation. The IRPManager uses these methods to request some information or a task to be done. The IRPAgent performs the requested task and, via the method return, indicates the requested information or if the requested task has completed successfully or not. + +### A.2.6 Mapping from IS State Names to SS equivalents + +State names, as defined in the IS part of Bulk CM, consists of two sub-parts in this SS, namely SubPhase and SubState. The table below shows the mapping between these substates and the IS state name. All combinations of SubPhase and SubState not described below are considered invalid. + +**Table A.2.6: Mapping from IS State Names to SS equivalents** + +| IS State Name | SS SubPhase | SS SubState | +|-----------------------------|------------------|-----------------| +| IDLE | IDLE_PHASE | COMPLETED | +| UPLOAD_FAILED | UPLOAD_PHASE | FAILED | +| UPLOAD_IN_PROGRESS | UPLOAD_PHASE | IN_PROGRESS | +| UPLOAD_COMPLETED | UPLOAD_PHASE | COMPLETED | +| DOWNLOAD_FAILED | DOWNLOAD_PHASE | FAILED | +| DOWNLOAD_IN_PROGRESS | DOWNLOAD_PHASE | IN_PROGRESS | +| DOWNLOAD_COMPLETED | DOWNLOAD_PHASE | COMPLETED | +| ACTIVATION_FAILED | ACTIVATION_PHASE | FAILED | +| ACTIVATION_IN_PROGRESS | ACTIVATION_PHASE | IN_PROGRESS | +| ACTIVATION_COMPLETED | ACTIVATION_PHASE | COMPLETED | +| ACTIVATION_PARTLY_COMPLETED | ACTIVATION_PHASE | PARTLY_REALISED | +| FALLBACK_FAILED | FALLBACK_PHASE | FAILED | +| FALLBACK_IN_PROGRESS | FALLBACK_PHASE | IN_PROGRESS | +| FALLBACK_COMPLETED | FALLBACK_PHASE | COMPLETED | +| FALLBACK_PARTLY_COMPLETED | FALLBACK_PHASE | PARTLY_REALISED | +| VALIDATION_FAILED | VALIDATION_PHASE | FAILED | +| VALIDATION_IN_PROGRESS | VALIDATION_PHASE | IN_PROGRESS | +| VALIDATION_COMPLETED | VALIDATION_PHASE | COMPLETED | +| PREACTION_FAILED | PREACTION_PHASE | FAILED | +| PREACTION_IN_PROGRESS | PREACTION_PHASE | IN_PROGRESS | +| PREACTION_COMPLETED | PREACTION_PHASE | COMPLETED | +| PREACTION_PARTLY_COMPLETED | PREACTION_PHASE | PARTLY_REALISED | + +### A.2.7 Package Mapping + +The Bulk CM IRP: IS (3GPP TS 32.612 [9]) clause 7 specifies packages of capabilities. + +The IS-defined packages are mapped into IDL module constructs. Specifically: + +- The operations named in the IS-defined packages Simple Upload, Controlled Upload and Controlled Upload & Provisioning are mapped to methods in SimpleUploadBulkCMIRSystem::SimpleUploadBulkCMIRP, ControlledUploadBulkCMIRSystem::ControlledUploadBulkCMIRP and BulkCmIRPSystem::BulkCmIRP respectively (see clause A.3.3). +- The notifications named in the IS-defined Simple Upload, Controlled Upload and Controlled Upload & Provisioning are mapped to SS Interfaces defined in IDL module BulkCMIRPNotifications (see clause A.3.4). + +## --- A.3 Solution Set definitions + +### A.3.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.3.2 defines the constants and types used by the Bulk CM IRP. + +Clause A.3.3 defines the operations which are performed by the Bulk CM IRP agent. + +Clause A.3.4 defines the notifications which are emitted by the Bulk CM IRP agent. + +### A.3.2 IDL specification "BulkCmIRPConstDefs.idl" + +``` + +//File: BulkCmIRPConstDefs.idl +#ifndef _BULK_CM_IRP_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ +#define _BULK_CM_IRP_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/* ## Module: BulkCmIRPConstDefs +This module contains type definitions for the Bulk CM IRP +===== +*/ +module BulkCmIRPConstDefs +{ + /* + This block identifies the notification types defined by + this Bulk CM IRP version. + This string is used in the second field of the Structured + Event. + */ + interface NotificationType + { + const string NOTIFY_SESSION_STATE_CHANGED = "x1"; + const string NOTIFY_GET_SESSION_LOG_ENDED = "x2"; + }; + + /* + This block assigns value for the name of the NV of the Structured Event. + */ + interface AttributeNameValue + { + const string SESSION_ID = "k"; + const string SOURCE_INDICATOR = "m"; + const string ERROR_INFORMATION = "n"; + }; + + /* + This block defines all possible values for sessionState. + One of these strings appear in the event_name of the + Structured Event of notifySessionStateChanged notification. + */ + interface SessionStateChangeNotification + { + const string UPLOAD_FAILED = "x1"; + const string UPLOAD_COMPLETED = "x2"; + const string DOWNLOAD_FAILED = "x3"; + const string DOWNLOAD_COMPLETED = "x4"; + const string ACTIVATION_FAILED = "x5"; + const string ACTIVATION_PARTLY_REALISED = "x6"; + const string ACTIVATION_COMPLETED = "x7"; + const string FALLBACK_FAILED = "x8"; + const string FALLBACK_PARTLY_REALISED = "x9"; + const string FALLBACK_COMPLETED = "x10"; + const string VALIDATION_FAILED = "x11"; + const string VALIDATION_COMPLETED = "x12"; + const string PREACTIVATION_FAILED = "x13"; + const string PREACTIVATION_PARTLY_REALISED = "x14"; + const string PREACTIVATION_COMPLETED = "x15"; + }; + + /* + This block defines all possible values for sessionLogStatus + One of these strings appear in the event_name of the Structured + Event of notifyGetSessionLogEnded notification. + */ + interface LogStateNotification + { + const string GET_SESSION_LOG_COMPLETED_SUCCESSFULLY = "x1"; + const string GET_SESSION_LOG_COMPLETED_UNSUCCESSFULLY = "x2"; + }; + + /* + For each started configuration session a unique identifier is generated + by the IRPManager. An sessionId can not be used for an upload if it is + already in use of a download configuration and vice versa. + */ +} + +``` + +``` +typedef string SessionId; + +/* +This string field is used in order to provide additional error information +if an operation has failed. +*/ +typedef string ErrorInformation; + +/* +Defines the different subphases of a configuration session +e.g. thus it is easy to implement a detection of an upload +or a download/activate session. +*/ +enum SubPhase {IDLE_PHASE, DOWNLOAD_PHASE, UPLOAD_PHASE, ACTIVATION_PHASE, + FALLBACK_PHASE, PREACTIVATION_PHASE, VALIDATION_PHASE}; + +/* +Defines the different substates of a configuration session. This includes +the transition state as well. +*/ +enum SubState {COMPLETED, FAILED, PARTLY_REALISED, IN_PROGRESS}; + +/* +Defines state of a configuration session with the phase and the substate +of the configuration. +*/ +struct SessionState +{ + SubPhase sub_phase; + SubState sub_state; +}; + +/* +Contains the list of all current sessionIds +*/ +typedef sequence SessionIdList; + +/* +Specifies a complete destination path (including filename). +*/ +typedef string FileDestination; + +/* +The format of Distinguished Name is specified in +the Naming Conventions for Managed Objects; TS 32.300. +e.g. "SubNetwork=10001,ManagedElement=400001" identifies a +ManagedElement instance of the object model. +*/ +typedef string DistinguishedName; + +/* +Used within the upload method to give filter criteria +*/ +typedef string Filter; + +/* +Defines the kind of scope to use in a search together with +SearchControl.level, in a SearchControl value. +SearchControl.level is always >= 0. If a level is bigger than the +depth of the tree there will be no exceptions thrown. +*/ +enum ScopeType {BASE_ONLY, BASE_NTH_LEVEL, BASE_SUBTREE, BASE_ALL}; + +/* +Controls the searching for MOs during upload, and contains: +the type of scope ("type" field), +the level of scope ("level" field), +the filter ("filter" field), +The type and level fields are mandatory. +The filter field is mandatory (The filter will have to be +set to an empty string if it has no other value). +*/ +struct SearchControl +{ + ScopeType type; + unsigned long level; + Filter filter_; +}; +``` + +``` +/* +This indicates how the activation is executed, either with least service +impact or least elapsed time. +*/ +enum ActivationMode {LEAST_SERVICE_IMPACT, LEAST_ELAPSED_TIME}; + +/* +This indicates the level of verification of bulk configuration data done, +either full or limited checking. +*/ +enum VerificationMode {FULL_CHECKING, LIMITED_CHECKING}; + +/* ActivationModeTypeOpt is a type carrying an optional parameter. +If the boolean is TRUE, the value is present. +Otherwise, the value is absent. +*/ +union ActivationModeTypeOpt switch(boolean) +{ + case TRUE: ActivationMode activation_mode; +}; + +/* VerificationModeTypeOpt is a type carrying an optional parameter. +If the boolean is TRUE, the value is present. +Otherwise, the value is absent. +*/ +union VerificationModeTypeOpt switch(boolean) +{ + case TRUE: VerificationMode verification_mode; +}; + +}; + +#endif // _BULK_CM_IRP_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ +``` + +### A.3.3 IDL specification "BulkCMIRPSystem.idl" + +``` + +//File: BulkCMIRPSystem.idl +#ifndef _BULK_CM_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +#define _BULK_CM_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ + +#include +#include +#include + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/** ## Module: BulkCmIRPSystem +This module implements capabilities of Bulk CM IRP. +===== +*/ +module BulkCmIRPSystem +{ + /** + The request cannot be processed due to a situation of concurrency. + E.g. two concurrent activation requests involving the same ManagedElement + instance. The semantics carried in reason is outside the scope of this IRP. + */ + exception ConcurrencyException { string reason; }; + + /** + The provided filter is malformed or invalid. The semantics carried in reason + is outside the scope of this IRP. + */ + exception IllegalFilterFormatException { string reason; }; + + /** + The provided Distinguished Name is malformed or invalid. The semantics + carried in reason is outside the scope of this IRP. + */ + exception IllegalDNFormatException { string reason; }; + + /** + The provided scope type is illegal. The semantics carried in reason is + outside the scope of this IRP. + */ + exception IllegalscopeTypeException { string reason; }; + + /** + The provided scope level is illegal. The semantics carried in reason is + outside the scope of this IRP. + */ + exception IllegalscopeLevelException { string reason; }; + + /** + The request cannot be processed because no fallback data is available, i.e. + fallback capability was previously not asked for. + */ + exception NoFallbackException {}; + + /** + The provided sessionId value is already used for another configuration + session. The semantics carried in reason is outside the scope of this IRP. + */ + exception SessionIdInUseException { string reason; }; + + /** + The provided URL is malformed or invalid. The semantics carried in reason is + outside the scope of this IRP. + */ + exception IllegalStateException{ string reason; }; + + /** + The provided sessionId value does not identify any existing configuration + session. + */ + exception UnknownSessionIdException {}; + + /** + The request cannot be processed because it is not valid in the current state + of the configuration session. + */ + +``` + +``` +*/ +exception NotValidInCurrentStateException +{ + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionState current_state; +}; + +/* +The request cannot be processed because the maximum number of simultaneously +running configuration sessions has been reached. The semantics carried in +reason is outside the scope of this IRP. +*/ +exception MaxSessionReachedException { string reason; }; + +/* +The provided ActivationMode type is illegal. The semantics carried in reason +is outside the scope of this IRP. +*/ +exception IllegalActivationModeException { string reason; }; + +/* +The provided VerificationMode type is illegal. The semantics carried in +reason is outside the scope of this IRP. +*/ +exception IllegalVerificationModeException { string reason; }; + +/* +System otherwise fails to complete the operation. System can provide reason +to qualify the exception. The semantics carried in reason +is outside the scope of this IRP. +*/ +exception GetBulkCmIRPVersionsException { string reason; }; +exception UploadException { string reason; }; +exception DownloadException { string reason; }; +exception ActivateException { string reason; }; +exception ValidateException { string reason; }; +exception PreactivateException { string reason; }; +exception GetBulkCMIRPOperationProfileException { string reason; }; +exception GetBulkCMIRPNotificationProfileException { string reason; }; +exception GetSessionLogException { string reason; }; +exception StartSessionException { string reason; }; +exception GetSessionStatusException { string reason; }; +exception FallbackException { string reason; }; +exception EndSessionException { string reason; }; +exception AbortSessionOperationException { string reason; }; +exception GetSessionIdsException { string reason; }; + +/* +Defines the System interface of a EM. It defines all methods which are +necessary to control a configuration session from a IRPManager. +*/ +interface BulkCmIRP +{ + /* + Return the list of all supported Bulk CM IRP versions. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet get_bulk_cm_irp_versions ( + ) + raises (GetBulkCmIRPVersionsException); + + /* + Return the list of all supported operations and their supported + parameters for a specific BulkCM IRP version. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList get_bulk_cm_irp_operation_profile ( + in ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber bulk_cm_irp_version + ) + raises (GetBulkCMIRPOperationProfileException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Return the list of all supported notifications and their supported + parameters for a specific BulkCM IRP version. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList + get_bulk_cm_irp_notification_profile + ( + in ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber bulk_cm_irp_version + ) +} +``` + +``` + ) + raises (GetBulkCMIRPNotificationProfileException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Uploads a configuration from the subnetwork. The result is put in a + configuration data file in an area specified by the IRPManager. + The MIB of the subnetwork is iterated by means of containment search, + using a SearchControl to control the search and the returned results. + All MOs in the scope constitutes a set that the filter works on. + In case of a concurrent running session the function will + return an exception. If the value of the given baseObject or Filter + does not exist then this asynchronous error condition will be notified. + */ + void upload ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::FileDestination sink, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::DistinguishedName base_object, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SearchControl search_control + ) + raises (UploadException, UnknownSessionIdException, + MaxSessionReachedException, NotValidInCurrentStateException, + ConcurrencyException, + IllegalDNFormatException, IllegalFilterFormatException, + IllegalScopeTypeException, IllegalScopeLevelException, + IllegalArgumentException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Indicates the EM that it can download a configuration data file from + a given configuration data file storage area. The EM will check the + consistence of the configuration data and the software compatibility. + */ + void download ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::FileDestination source + ) + raises (DownloadException, UnknownSessionIdException, + MaxSessionReachedException, NotValidInCurrentStateException, + IllegalArgumentException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Activates a previously downloaded and successfully parsed configuration + inside a session. This means that the configuration will be introduced + in the live sub-network. In case of a concurrent running session + the function will return an exception. + */ + void activate ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::ActivationModeTypeOpt activation_mode, + in boolean fallback + ) + raises (ActivateException, UnknownSessionIdException, + NotValidInCurrentStateException, ConcurrencyException, + IllegalActivationModeException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::ParameterNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Uploads a log from the subnetwork which is usually used for error + analysis. The log is put in a logfile in the filesystem which can + be accessed by the EM. If there are no log entries an empty log file + is uploaded. + */ + void get_session_log ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::FileDestination sink, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + in boolean only_error_info + ) + raises (GetSessionLogException, UnknownSessionIdException, + IllegalArgumentException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Creates an instance of the configuration session state machine. The + IDLE_PHASE & COMPLETED is notified + */ +``` + +``` + + */ + void start_session ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id + ) + raises (StartSessionException, SessionIdInUseException, + MaxSessionReachedException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Returns the state of a configuration session. + */ + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionState get_session_status ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + out BulkCmIRPConstDefs::ErrorInformation error_information + ) + raises (GetSessionStatusException, UnknownSessionIdException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Activates a fallback area. Each time a configuration is activated a + fallback area can be created, s. activate parameter. + This area is backup of the complete configuration which can be + restored by this method. The process is as follows: + 1. When the method activate(..., TRUE) is used, + a copy of the valid area is taken before the activation + of the new planned data has started. Only one fallback area can + exists at a time for a specific scope of the subnetwork. + 2. When a fallback area is available and triggered by this method, the + previous valid area is replaced with the data stored in + the fall back area. + If the EM detects that the former configuration has never been + changed it returns an exception because it does not trigger an + activation of the former data. + */ + void fallback ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id + ) + raises (FallbackException, UnknownSessionIdException, NoFallbackException, + NotValidInCurrentStateException, ConcurrencyException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + The IRPManager invokes this operation to delete all its temporary + entities and the related sessionId which belong to the scope of + a configuration session. This includes the related error and log + informationen too. + */ + void end_session ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id + ) + raises (EndSessionException, UnknownSessionIdException, + NotValidInCurrentStateException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + The IRPManager invokes this operation to abort an active operation + during a configuration session. It is only effecting + a configuration session in state IN_PROGRESS. In this case the + current session task is interrupted, e.g. the activating in progress, + using best effort strategy, and a state change is notified + */ + void abort_session_operation ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id + ) + raises (AbortSessionOperationException, UnknownSessionIdException, + NotValidInCurrentStateException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Returns a list all sessionIds of current running configuration sessions. + */ + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionIdList get_session_ids ( + ) + raises (GetSessionIdsException); + + /* + Validates previously downloaded bulk configuration data inside a session. + Detects errors in the data prior to requesting preactivation or + */ + +``` + +``` +activation. +*/ +void validate ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::ActivationModeTypeOpt activation_mode +) +raises (ValidateException, UnknownSessionIdException, + NotValidInCurrentStateException, ConcurrencyException, + IllegalActivationModeException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::ParameterNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported); + +/* +Preactivates previously downloaded bulk configuration data inside a +session. This operation validates configuration data changes in the +context of the current data and pre-processes the configuration data +changes. +*/ +void preactivate ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::VerificationModeTypeOpt verification_mode, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::ActivationModeTypeOpt activation_mode, + in boolean fallback +) +raises (PreactivateException, UnknownSessionIdException, + NotValidInCurrentStateException, ConcurrencyException, + IllegalActivationModeException, IllegalVerificationModeException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::ParameterNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported); + +}; + +}; + +module SimpleUploadBulkCMIRPSystem +{ + exception GetSimpleUploadBulkCMIRPVersionsException { string reason; }; + exception GetSimpleUploadBulkCMIRPOperationProfileException + { string reason; }; + exception GetSimpleUploadBulkCMIRPNotificationProfileException + { string reason; }; + + interface SimpleUploadBulkCMIRP + { + /* + Return the list of all supported Bulk CM IRP versions. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet + get_simple_upload_bulk_cm_irp_versions ( + ) + raises (GetSimpleUploadBulkCMIRPVersionsException); + + /* + Return the list of all supported operations and their supported + parameters for a specific BulkCM IRP version. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList + get_simple_upload_bulk_cm_irp_operation_profile ( + in ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber bulk_cm_irp_version + ) + raises (GetSimpleUploadBulkCMIRPOperationProfileException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Return the list of all supported notifications and their supported + parameters for a specific BulkCM IRP version. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList + get_simple_upload_bulk_cm_irp_notification_profile + ( + in ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber bulk_cm_irp_version + ) + raises (GetSimpleUploadBulkCMIRPNotificationProfileException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + } +} +``` + +``` +/* +Uploads a configuration from the subnetwork. The result is put in a +configuration data file in an area specified by the IRPManager. +The MIB of the subnetwork is iterated by means of containment search, +using a SearchControl to control the search and the returned results. +All MOs in the scope constitutes a set that the filter works on. +In case of a concurrent running session the function will +return an exception. If the value of the given baseObject or Filter +does not exist then this asynchronous error condition will be notified. +*/ +void upload ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::FileDestination sink, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::DistinguishedName base_object, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SearchControl search_control +) +raises ( + BulkCmIRPSystem::UploadException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::UnknownSessionIdException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::MaxSessionReachedException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::NotValidInCurrentStateException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::ConcurrencyException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalDNFormatException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalFilterFormatException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalScopeTypeException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalScopeLevelException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalURLFormatException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); +}; + +}; // end of module SimpleUploadBulkCMIRPSystem + +module ControlledUploadBulkCMIRPSystem +{ + exception GetControlledUploadBulkCmIRPVersionsException { string reason; }; + exception GetControlledUploadBulkCMIRPOperationProfileException + { string reason; }; + exception GetControlledUploadBulkCMIRPNotificationProfileException + { string reason; }; + + interface ControlledUploadBulkCMIRP + { + /* + Return the list of all supported Bulk CM IRP versions. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet + get_controlled_upload_bulk_cm_irp_versions ( + ) + raises (GetControlledUploadBulkCmIRPVersionsException); + + /* + Return the list of all supported operations and their supported + parameters for a specific BulkCM IRP version. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList + get_controlled_upload_bulk_cm_irp_operation_profile ( + in ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber bulk_cm_irp_version + ) + raises (GetControlledUploadBulkCMIRPOperationProfileException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Return the list of all supported notifications and their supported + parameters for a specific BulkCM IRP version. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList + get_controlled_upload_bulk_cm_irp_notification_profile ( + in ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber bulk_cm_irp_version + ) + raises (GetControlledUploadBulkCMIRPNotificationProfileException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Uploads a configuration from the subnetwork. The result is put in a + configuration data file in an area specified by the IRPManager. + */ +``` + +``` + +The MIB of the subnetwork is iterated by means of containment search, +using a SearchControl to control the search and the returned results. +All MOs in the scope constitutes a set that the filter works on. +In case of a concurrent running session the function will +return an exception. If the value of the given baseObject or Filter +does not exist then this asynchronous error condition will be notified. +*/ +void upload ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::FileDestination sink, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::DistinguishedName base_object, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SearchControl search_control +) +raises ( + BulkCmIRPSystem::UploadException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::UnknownSessionIdException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::MaxSessionReachedException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::NotValidInCurrentStateException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::ConcurrencyException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalDNFormatException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalFilterFormatException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalScopeTypeException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalScopeLevelException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalURLFormatException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + +/* +Uploads a log from the subnetwork which is usually used for error +analysis. The log is put in a logfile in the filesystem which can +be accessed by the EM. If there are no log entries an empty log file +is uploaded. +*/ +void get_session_log ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::FileDestination sink, + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + in boolean only_error_info +) +raises ( + BulkCmIRPSystem::GetSessionLogException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::UnknownSessionIdException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::IllegalURLFormatException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + +/* +Creates an instance of the configuration session state machine. The +IDLE_PHASE & COMPLETED is notified +*/ +void start_session ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id +) +raises ( + BulkCmIRPSystem::StartSessionException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::SessionIdInUseException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::MaxSessionReachedException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + +/* +Returns the state of a configuration session. +*/ +BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionState get_session_status ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id, + out BulkCmIRPConstDefs::ErrorInformation error_information +) +raises ( + BulkCmIRPSystem::GetSessionStatusException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::UnknownSessionIdException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + +/* +The IRPManager invokes this operation to delete all its temporary +entities and the related sessionId which belong to the scope of +a configuration session. This includes the related error and log +informationen too. +*/ +void end_session ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id +) +raises ( + +``` + +``` + BulkCmIRPSystem::EndSessionException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::UnknownSessionIdException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::NotValidInCurrentStateException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + The IRPManager invokes this operation to abort an active operation + during a configuration session. It is only effecting + a configuration session in state IN_PROGRESS. In this case the + current session task is interrupted, e.g. the activating in progress, + using best effort strategy, and a state change is notified + */ + void abort_session_operation ( + in BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionId session_id + ) + raises ( + BulkCmIRPSystem::AbortSessionOperationException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::UnknownSessionIdException, + BulkCmIRPSystem::NotValidInCurrentStateException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + Returns a list all sessionIds of current running configuration sessions. + */ + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::SessionIdList get_session_ids ( + ) + raises ( + BulkCmIRPSystem::GetSessionIdsException); + +}; + +}; // end of module ControlledUploadBulkCMIRPSystem + +#endif // _BULK_CM_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +``` + +### A.3.4 IDL specification "BulkCMIRPNotifications.idl" + +``` + +//File: BulkCMNotifications.idl +#ifndef _BULK_CM_IRP_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ +#define _BULK_CM_IRP_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ + +#include +#include + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +module BulkCMIRPNotifications +{ + + interface NotifySessionStateChange: NotificationIRPNotifications::Notify + { + // This is the type_name (2nd field) of the fixed header. + const string EVENT_TYPE = + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::NotificationType::NOTIFY_SESSION_STATE_CHANGED; + + // ----- + // One of the strings here is the event_name (3rd field) of the + // fixed header. + // The first 2 are relevant for IS-defined packages Simple + // Upload and Controlled Upload. + // All are relevant for IS-defined package + // Controlled Upload & Provisioning. + + const string UPLOAD_FAILED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::UPLOAD_FAILED; + const string UPLOAD_COMPLETED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::UPLOAD_COMPLETED; + const string DOWNLOAD_FAILED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::DOWNLOAD_FAILED; + const string DOWNLOAD_COMPLETED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::DOWNLOAD_COMPLETED; + const string ACTIVATION_FAILED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::ACTIVATION_FAILED; + const string ACTIVATION_PARTLY_REALISED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::ACTIVATION_PARTLY_REALISED; + const string ACTIVATION_COMPLETED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::ACTIVATION_COMPLETED; + const string FALLBACK_FAILED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::FALLBACK_FAILED; + const string FALLBACK_PARTLY_REALISED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::FALLBACK_PARTLY_REALISED; + const string FALLBACK_COMPLETED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::FALLBACK_COMPLETED; + const string VALIDATION_FAILED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::VALIDATION_FAILED; + const string VALIDATION_COMPLETED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::VALIDATION_COMPLETED; + const string PREACTIVATION_FAILED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::PREACTIVATION_FAILED; + const string PREACTIVATION_PARTLY_REALISED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::PREACTIVATION_PARTLY_REALISED; + const string PREACTIVATION_COMPLETED = BulkCmIRPConstDefs:: + SessionStateChangeNotification::PREACTIVATION_COMPLETED; + // ----- + + const string SESSION_ID = + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::SESSION_ID; + + const string SOURCE_INDICATOR = + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::SOURCE_INDICATOR; + }; + + interface NotifyGetSessionLogEnded: NotificationIRPNotifications::Notify + { + // This is the type_name (2nd field) of the fixed header. + const string EVENT_TYPE = + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::NotificationType::NOTIFY_GET_SESSION_LOG_ENDED; + + // ----- + // One of the 2 strings here is the event_name (3rd field) of the + // fixed header. + }; +} + +``` + +----- + +----- + +``` +const string GET_SESSION_LOG_COMPLETED_SUCCESSFULLY = + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::LogStateNotification:: + GET_SESSION_LOG_COMPLETED_SUCCESSFULLY; +const string GET_SESSION_LOG_COMPLETED_UNSUCCESSFULLY = + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::LogStateNotification:: + GET_SESSION_LOG_COMPLETED_UNSUCCESSFULLY; +// ----- + +const string SESSION_ID = + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::SESSION_ID; + +const string SOURCE_INDICATOR = + BulkCmIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::SOURCE_INDICATOR; +}; + +}; + +#endif // _BULK_CM_IRP_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): XML Definitions + +This annex contains the XML Definitions for the Bulk CM Integration Reference Point. + +## --- B.1 Architectural Features + +The overall architectural feature of Bulk CM IRP is specified in 3G TS 32.612 [9]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the XML definitions. + +The present document provides the main part of the XML file format definition for the Bulk Configuration Management IRP IS in 3GPP TS 32.612 [9]. + +The other parts of this XML definition are NRM-specific parts. All NRM IRPs that include SS-level XML definition are in the scope of the Bulk CM IRP. + +Bulk CM XML file formats are based on XML [27], XML Schema [28] [29] [30] and XML Namespace [31] standards. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [4]. + +## --- B.2 Structure and content of configuration data XML files + +The present clause defines the file format of configuration data XML files exchanged between an IRPManager and an IRPAgent as part of upload and download operations of the Bulk CM IRP IS (see [9]). + +Upload and download configuration data XML files share a common file format defined by the XML schema in clause B.4.3 and by the following clauses. + +Additionally, vendor-specific XML schemas shall be provided to enable configuration data XML files to carry vendor-specific data (see clause B.2.6). + +The use of XML schemas enables to ensure configuration data XML files have the proper structure and to some extent the proper content, and in particular to ensure: + +- for a given NRM instance, it is properly named/positioned with regard to the global NRM naming tree; +- for a given NRM instance, only attributes of the corresponding NRM class are present; +- for a given NRM attribute, its value is of the proper type. + +Location of the XML schemas used for configuration data XML files is outside the scope of this document. + +### B.2.1 Global structure + +The content of a configuration data XML file is the succession of: + +- the standard XML declaration with specification of the version of XML and of the character encoding being used (see [27]); +- a `bulkCmConfigDataFile` XML element; this is the root XML element of configuration data XML files. + +The definition of the allowed character encoding(s) is outside the scope of this document. + +As defined by the following extract of XML schema `configData.xsd` (see clause B.4.3): + +``` + + + + +[...] +``` + +``` + + + +[...] +``` + +the XML content of a `bulkCmConfigDataFile` XML element is the succession of: + +- a `fileHeader` XML element (see clause B.2.2); +- one or several `configData` XML elements (see clause B.2.3); +- a `fileFooter` XML element (see clause B.2.2). + +XML elements `fileHeader` and `fileFooter` are empty XML elements (see clause B.2.2). + +The `bulkCmConfigDataFile` XML element shall also have all the XML attribute specifications that declare the XML namespaces (see [31]) used in the XML file. + +The following XML namespaces are potentially used in configuration data XML files: + +- the default XML namespace is associated with the configuration data files base XML schema `configData.xsd` (see clause B.4.3); +- for each NRM-specific XML schema, a specific XML namespace prefix is defined for the associated XML namespace (see clause B.2.4.1); +- XML namespaces prefixes starting with `vs`, e.g. `vsRH011`, are reserved for the XML namespaces associated with the vendor-specific XML schemas (see clause B.2.6). + +Each `configData` XML element (see clause B.2.3) carries: + +- NRM instances with or without their NRM attribute values in a NRM naming tree organized structure together with `modifier` XML attribute specification (see clause B.2.5); +- possibly vendor-specific data (see clause B.2.6). + +A `configData` XML element can carry an entire tree of NRM instances with their NRM attribute values and the related vendor-specific data or any subset of it. + +The following is an example of a configuration data XML file, without presentation of the XML attribute specifications and XML content of `fileHeader`, `configData` and `fileFooter` XML elements (replaced by [...]; see clauses B.2.2, B.2.3, B.2.5 and B.2.6): + +``` + + + + + + + + + +``` + +a `fileHeader` XML element: + +- has the following XML attribute specifications: + - a `fileFormatVersion` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification carries the abridged number and version of this 3GPP document (see below); this identifies the version of the file format used for assembling the XML file; + - a conditional `senderName` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification shall be present only in XML files generated by the IRPAgent; it carries the DN of the IRPAgent that assembled the XML file, i.e. the value of the `systemDN NRM` attribute of the `IRPAgent NRM` instance (see [10]); + - a conditional `vendorName` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification shall be present only in XML files generated by the IRPAgent; it carries the name of the vendor of the IRPAgent that assembled the XML file; +- and has an empty XML content. + +The abridged number and version of a 3GPP document is constructed from its version specific full reference "3GPP [...] (yyyy-mm)" by: + +- removing the leading "3GPP TS"; +- removing everything including and after the version third digit, representing editorial only changes, together with its preceding dot character; +- from the resulting string, removing leading and trailing white space, replacing every multi character white space by a single space character and changing the case of all characters to uppercase. + +The following is an example of a `fileHeader` XML element: + +``` + +``` + +#### B.2.2.2 XML element `fileFooter` + +As defined by the following extract of XML schema `configData.xsd` (see clause B.4.3): + +``` + + + + + +``` + +a `fileFooter` XML element: + +- has a `dateTime` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification carries the date and time the XML file was assembled; + +- and has an empty XML content. + +The following is an example of a `fileFooter` XML element: + +``` + +``` + +### B.2.3 XML element `configData` + +As defined by the following extract of XML schema `configData.xsd` (see clause B.4.3): + +``` + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +a `configData` XML element: + +- has an optional `dnPrefix` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification carries the DN Prefix information as defined in Annex C of 3GPP TS 32.300 [4]; +- and its XML content is an instance of the specific type of XML element (see below) corresponding to one of the NRM classes `SubNetwork`, `MeContext` or `ManagedElement` (see [10]); depending on the System Context of the IRP (see [9]) the used NRM class shall be: + - in case of System Context A, only `SubNetwork` NRM class, or; + - in case of System Context B, only `MeContext` or `ManagedElement` NRM class. + +This instance of `SubNetwork/MeContext/ManagedElement` NRM class corresponding specific XML element type is the starting point for a `configData` XML element to possibly contain several NRM instances in a NRM naming tree organized structure (see clause B.2.4.2). + +The following is an example of a `configData` XML element: + +``` + + +[... + + +``` + +### B.2.4 NRM-specific XML elements + +NRM-specific XML element types are generically defined under the mapping rules defined in clause B.2.4.2. + +NRM-specific XML element types are explicitly declared by NRM-specific XML schemas as defined in clause B.2.4.1. + +#### B.2.4.1 NRM-specific XML schemas + +NRM-specific XML schemas are defined in the NRM-specific parts (see clause 1) of the XML file format definition for the Bulk Configuration Management IRP IS [9]. + +NRM-specific XML schemas with definition of corresponding XML namespace prefixes (see clause B.2.1) are listed by the following table: + +**Table B.2.4.1: NRM-specific XML schemas, corresponding 3GPP TSs and XML namespace prefixes** + +| NRM | XML schema | 3GPP TS no. | XML namespace prefix | +|-------------------------------------------|-------------------|-------------|----------------------| +| Core Network Resources | coreNrm.xsd | 32.636 [13] | cn | +| Generic Network Resources | genericNrm.xsd | 32.626 [11] | xn | +| GERAN Network Resources | geranNrm.xsd | 32.656 [17] | gn | +| IM Network Resources | inventoryNrm.xsd | 32.696 [19] | in | +| IMS NRM | imsNrm.xsd | 32.736 [21] | im | +| STN Network Resources | stnNrm.xsd | 32.746 [23] | stn | +| TN Network Resources | transportNrm.xsd | 32.716 [20] | tn | +| UTRAN Network Resources | utranNrm.xsd | 32.646 [15] | un | +| E-UTRAN Network Resources | eutranNrm.xsd | 32.766 [25] | en | +| EPC Network Resources | epcNrm.xsd | 32.756 [24] | epc | +| SON Policy Network Resources | sonPolicyNrm.xsd | 32.526 [39] | sp | +| Subscription Management Network Resources | sumNrm.xsd | 32.176 [37] | sn | +| Repeater Network Resources | RepeaterNrm.xsd | 32.726 [42] | rn | +| HNS Network Resources | hnsNrm.xsd | 32.776 [47] | hn | +| HeNS Network Resources | hensNrm.xsd | 32.786 [49] | hen | +| Generic RAN Network Resources | genericRanNrm.xsd | 32.796 [50] | gr | + +Each NRM-specific XML schema explicitly declares NRM-specific XML element types for the related NRM. + +Additionally, XML schema `genericNrm.xsd` (see [11]) also provides global XML declarations and definitions for the support of: + +- NRM-specific XML element type declaration; +- vendor-specific XML element type declaration (see clause B.2.6). + +#### B.2.4.2 Generic mapping rules + +NRM-specific XML element types are generically defined under the following mapping rules: + +- to each NRM class corresponds a specific type of XML element having the following characteristics: + - its name is the name of the NRM class; + - it derives by extension (see [28], [29] and [30]) the `NrmClass` XML complex type defined in the XML schema `genericNrm.xsd` (see [11]); + - it has the following XML attribute specifications, inherited from `NrmClass` XML complex type: + - an `id` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification carries the attribute value part of the RDN of the NRM instance carried by the XML element, i.e. the value of the `naming` attribute of this NRM instance; + +- an optional `modifier` XML attribute specification (see clause B.2.5); +- and its XML content is the succession of: + - an optional `attributes` XML element whose XML content is the succession of: + - zero or more specific XML elements (see below) corresponding to attributes of the NRM class, each occurring not more than once; + - zero or more similar specific XML elements corresponding to direct subordinate NRM classes of the NRM class to which the current XML element corresponds; +- to each NRM attribute of each NRM class, except for the following NRM attributes: + - the `naming` NRM attribute of each NRM class, whose value is already carried by the `id` XML attribute specification of the specific XML element corresponding to the NRM class; + - the conditional `dnPrefix` NRM attribute of `SubNetwork`, `MeContext` and `ManagedElement` NRM classes (see [10]), whose value is already carried by the `dnPrefix` XML attribute specification of the `configData` XML element; + +corresponds a specific type of XML element having the following characteristics: + +- its name is constructed from the name of the NRM attribute by removing any contained dash character; +- and it has an XML content; this XML content carries the value of the NRM attribute. + +For example for the `SubNetwork` NRM class (see [10]), the corresponding extract of XML schema `genericNrm.xsd` (see [11]) is the following: + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +supported by the following extract of XML schema `genericNrm.xsd` (see [11]): + +``` + + + +[...] +``` + +Exceptions to the generic mapping rules for the definition of NRM-specific XML element types are listed by the following table: + +**Table B.2.4.2: Generic mapping rule exceptions** + +| NRM classes / attributes | NRM 3GPP TS no. | Exception description references | +|-------------------------------------------|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| vsData attribute of VsDataContainer class | 32.622 [10] | clause B.2.6 of the present document and annex A of 3GPP TS 32.626 [11] | + +The following is an example of a configData XML element with regard to NRM-specific XML elements (in **bold**) in a configuration data XML file: + +``` + + +[...] + + + Paris SN1 + UMTS + + + + Paris MN1 + Company NN + commercial + Montparnasse + + + + + RNC + Paris RN1 + Company NN + commercial + Champ de Mars + + + + + RNC + Paris RN2 + Company NN + commercial + Concorde + + + + +[...] +``` + +### B.2.5 XML attribute specification modifier + +As defined by the following extract of XML schema genericNrm.xsd (see [11]): + +``` + + + + + + + + + +``` + +the value of the optional `modifier` XML attribute specification of the specific XML elements corresponding to the classes of the NRM is one of the following: `create`, `delete`, or `update`. + +The semantic carried by a `modifier` XML attribute specification applies only to the NRM instance corresponding to the containing XML element and not to any explicit or implicit subordinate NRM instances of this NRM instance. + +The following rules apply for the `modifier` XML attribute specification: + +- in upload XML configuration files, no `modifier` XML attribute specification should be present; on the contrary those are to be considered as meaningless and shall be ignored; +- in download XML configuration files: + - if an XML element carrying an NRM instance has a `modifier` XML attribute specification of value `create`, then all directly or indirectly contained XML element carrying NRM instances, if any, shall also have a `modifier` XML attribute specification of value `create`; + - if an XML element carrying an NRM instance has a `modifier` XML attribute specification of value `delete`, then all directly or indirectly contained XML element carrying NRM instances, if any, shall also have a `modifier` XML attribute specification of value `delete`; + - if an XML element carrying an NRM instance has a `modifier` XML attribute specification of value `update`, then all directly contained XML element carrying NRM instances, if any, may also have a `modifier` XML attribute specification, this one being of either value `create`, `delete`, or `update`; + - if an XML element carrying an NRM instance has no `modifier` XML attribute specification or a `modifier` XML attribute specification of value `delete`, then it shall not directly contain an `attributes` XML element. + +A tree of XML elements corresponding to a tree of NRM instances with all XML elements having a `modifier` XML attribute specification of value `create` is considered to be in accordance with the following rule from Bulk CM IRP IS 3GPP TS 32.612 [9]: + +"When part or a whole NRM subtree is to be created, in the configuration data file the IRPManager shall first action the create action of parents MO instances before actioning the create of any child MO instances contained in the NRM subtree i.e. create actions on MO instances shall be specified in recursive manner following the NRM hierarchy subtree from the highest MO instances to the lowest MO instances the IRPManager requires to be created." + +In such a tree of NRM instances, the XML element carrying a given NRM instance does not accurately appear before XML elements carrying subordinate NRM instances. The latter XML elements rather appear as the last part of the XML content of the former XML element. + +Nevertheless, XML parsing of such a tree of NRM instances can still enable the above Bulk CM IRP IS rule to be fully respected. Example of an XML parsing enabling such compliance is one effectively actioning the creation of each NRM instance when having parsed the XML start-tag of the XML element carrying the NRM instance and, if any, the contained `attributes` XML element. + +A tree of XML elements corresponding to a tree of NRM instances with all XML elements having a `modifier` XML attribute specification of value `delete` is considered to be in accordance with the following rule from Bulk CM IRP IS 3GPP TS 32.612 [9]: + +"When part or whole NRM subtree is to be deleted, in the configuration data file the IRPManager shall first action delete of all associated child instances contained in the NRM subtree before actioning delete of MO parents instances i.e. delete actions on MO instances shall be specified in a recursive manner following the NRM hierarchy subtree from the lowest MO instances to the highest MO instances the IRPManager requires to be deleted." + +In such a tree of NRM instances, the XML elements carrying subordinate NRM instances do not appear before the XML element carrying the parent NRM instance. The former XML elements rather appear as the XML content of the latter XML element. + +Nevertheless, XML parsing of such a tree of NRM instances can still enable the above Bulk CM IRP IS rule to be fully respected. Example of an XML parsing enabling such compliance is one effectively actioning the delete of each NRM instance when parsing the XML end-tag of the XML element carrying the NRM instance. + +The following are examples of legal `configData` XML element with regard to `modifier` XML attribute specification (in **bold**) in configuration data XML files: + +#### - example 1: + +``` + + +[...] +``` + +``` + + + + Paris SN1 + UMTS + + + + Paris MN1 + + Montparnasse + + + + RNC + + Champ de Mars + + + + RNC + + Concorde + + + +[...] +``` + +``` + +``` + +#### - example 2: + +``` + + +[...] + + + + + RNC +[...] + Champ de Mars + + + + + RNC +[...] + Concorde + + + + +[...] + +``` + +#### - example 3: + +``` + + + +[...] + + + + + + + + + + +[...] + +``` + +#### - example 4: + +``` + + + +[...] + + + + + + + + +[...] + +``` + +#### - example 5: + +``` + + + +[...] + + + + Paris SN1 + + + + Paris MN1 + + + + + + + + + RNC +[...] + Concorde + + + + Paris RF2 +[...] + 2 + + + + + + + Paris RF3 + + + + + +[...] + + +``` + +### B.2.6 XML elements VsDataContainer, vsData and vsDataFormatVersion + +As all XML element types corresponding to NRM classes (see clause B.2.4.2), the VsDataContainer XML element type, explicitly declared in 3GPP TS 32.626 [11], corresponds to the VsDataContainer NRM class defined in 3GPP TS 32.622 [10]. + +Contained in an attributes XML element type, itself contained in a VsDataContainer XML element, as all XML element types corresponding to NRM attributes (see clause B.2.4.2), the vsData and vsDataFormatVersion XML element types, explicitly declared in 3GPP TS 32.626 [11], correspond to the vsData and vsDataFormatVersion NRM attributes defined in 3GPP TS 32.622 [10]. + +As an exception to the generic mapping rules for the definition of NRM-specific XML element types (see clause B.2.4.2), the vsData XML element type has an empty XML content. + +Each vendor-specific XML schema shall declare one or more vendor-specific XML element types that: + +- have a name starting with vsData, e.g. vsDataRHO; +- derive by extension (see [28], [29] and [30]) the vsData XML element type declared by the XML schema genericNrm.xsd (see [11]); +- are designated as members of the substitution group (see [28], [29] and [30]) headed by the vsData XML element type. + +Beyond the above statement, the definition of vendor-specific XML schemas is outside the scope of this document. + +The XML content of those vendor-specific XML elements carry vendor-specific data. + +The XML content of the vsDataFormatVersion XML element shall be the filename, without the ".xsd" file extension and without any path specification, of the vendor-specific XML schema used for the related VsDataContainer XML element. + +See clause B.4.4 for an example of a vendor-specific XML schema. + +The following is an example of a vendor-specific XML element (in **bold**) deriving and extending the vsData XML element in a configuration data XML file: + +``` + + + > + [...] + + + + + + + RncHandOver + NNRncHandOver.1.1 + + 12 + 34 + + + + + + + + [...] + +``` + +## B.3 Structure and content of session log XML files + +The present clause defines the file format of session log XML files exchanged between an IRPManager and an IRPAgent as part of `getSessionLog` operation of the Bulk CM IRP IS (see [9]). + +This file format is defined by the XML schema in clause B.4.5 and by the following clauses. + +The use of an XML schema enables to ensure session log XML files have the proper structure and to some extent the proper content. + +Location of the XML schemas used for session log XML files is outside the scope of this document. + +### B.3.1 Global structure + +The content of a session log XML file is the succession of: + +- the standard XML declaration with specification of the version of XML and of the character encoding being used (see [27]); +- a `bulkCmSessionLogFile` XML element; this is the root XML element of session log XML files. + +The definition of the allowed character encoding(s) is outside the scope of this document. + +As defined by the following extract of XML schema `sessionLog.xsd` (see clause B.4.5): + +``` + + + + +[...] + + +[...] + + +[...] + + + + +``` + +the XML content of a `bulkCmSessionLogFile` XML element is the succession of: + +- a `fileHeader` XML element (see clause B.3.2); +- one or several `activity` XML elements (see clause B.3.3); +- a `fileFooter` XML element (see clause B.3.2). + +XML elements `fileHeader` and `fileFooter` are empty XML elements (see clause B.3.2). + +The `bulkCmSessionLogFile` XML element shall also have all the XML attribute specifications that declare the XML namespaces (see [31]) used in the XML file. + +Only the default XML namespace is used in session log XML files. It is associated with the session log file XML schema `sessionLog.xsd` (see clause B.4.5). + +The following is an example of a session log XML file, without presentation of the XML attribute specifications and XML content of `fileHeader`, `activity` and `fileFooter` XML elements (replaced by [...]; see clauses B.3.2 and B.3.3): + +``` + + + +``` + +``` + + +[...] + + +[...] + + + + +``` + +### B.3.2 XML elements `fileHeader` and `fileFooter` + +The XML elements `fileHeader` and `fileFooter` for session log XML files have the same definition, structure and content as the XML elements `fileHeader` and `fileFooter` for configuration data XML files (see clause B.2.2). + +### B.3.3 XML element `activity` + +As defined by the following extract of XML schema `sessionLog.xsd` (see clause B.4.5): + +``` + + + + + +[...] + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +an `activity` XML element: + +- has the following XML attribute specifications: + - a `dateTime` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification carries the date and time the Bulk CM activity was started; + - a `type` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification carries the type of the Bulk CM activity triggered by the IRPManager, upload, download, validate, preactivate, activate or fallback; +- and its XML content is the succession of one or several `log` XML elements. + +As defined by the following extract of XML schema `sessionLog.xsd` (see clause B.4.5): + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +a `log` XML element: + +- has the following XML attribute specifications: + - a `time` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification carries the time the logged Bulk CM internal event occurred; + - a `type` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification carries the type of the logged Bulk CM internal event, being either `informative` or `error`; + - an optional `dn` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification carries the DN of the NRM instance associated with the logged Bulk CM internal event, if any; + - an optional `modifier` XML attribute specification; this attribute specification carries the value of the `modifier` (see clause B.2.5) associated with the NRM instance, if any; +- and it has an XML content; this XML content carries the description of the logged Bulk CM internal event. + +The following is an example of an `activity` XML element (in **bold**) in a session log XML file: + +``` + + + +[...] + + + Download requested with: + downloadDataFileReference="ftp://a1.companyNN.com/data/upld123.xml" + + + No such instance + + +[...] + + +``` + +## --- B.4 Solution Set definitions + +### B.4.1 XML definition structure + +Clause B.4.2 provides a graphical representation of the XML elements. + +Clause B.4.3 provides the base schema for configuration data XML files. + +Clause B.4.4 provides an example of vendor-specific schema for configuration data XML files. + +Clause B.4.5 provides the schema for session log XML files. + +Clause B.4.6 provides the BulkCMIRP Notification XML Schema. + +### B.4.2 Graphical Representation + +This clause provides XML definitions of Notification Log IRP notifications as defined in [9]. + +The structure of the BulkCMIRP Notification XML Definitions is shown in graphical depiction below: + +![Diagram of NotifySessionStateChanged XML structure](21327313f7b18a481da0c87a6472a80d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **NotifySessionStateChanged** notification. It is contained within a dashed box labeled **xb:NotifySessionStateChanged**. The root element **NotifySessionStateChanged** branches into two main components: **xe:header** and **xb:body**. The **xb:body** component further branches into three sub-elements: **xb:SessionId**, **xb:SourceIndicator** (indicated by a dashed border), and **xb:SessionState**. + +Diagram of NotifySessionStateChanged XML structure + +![Diagram of NotifyGetSessionLogEnded XML structure](3e2dcee303cecdd31b7f9ec0d8942fed_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **NotifyGetSessionLogEnded** notification. It is contained within a dashed box labeled **xb:NotifyGetSessionLogEnded**. The root element **NotifyGetSessionLogEnded** branches into two main components: **xe:header** and **xb:body**. The **xb:body** component further branches into three sub-elements: **xb:SessionId**, **xb:SourceIndicator** (indicated by a dashed border), and **xb:SessionLogStatus**. + +Diagram of NotifyGetSessionLogEnded XML structure + +The use of XML schema key word "sequence" to support IS-defined set (not sequence) is for the purpose of XML processor efficiency. This shall not imply the use of "sequence" in other technology. + +### B.4.3 XML Schema “configData.xsd” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +### B.4.4 Example XML Schema “NNRncHandOver.1.1.xsd” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +### B.4.5 XML Schema "sessionLog.xsd" + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +----- + +----- + +``` + + + + + + + + +``` + +### B.4.6 XML Schema “bulkCMIRPNotif.xsd” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` +minOccurs="0"/> + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# Annex C (normative): SOAP Solution Set + +This annex specifies the SOAP Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics are specified in 3GPP TS 32.612 [9]. + +## C.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of the Bulk CM IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.612 [9]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the SOAP Solution Set. + +The Bulk CM IRP SOAP SS uses the Notification IRP SOAP SS of 3GPP TS 32.306 [5]. The IRP Agent shall support the push interface model, which means that the IRP Agent sends Bulk CM notifications to the IRP Manager as soon as new events occur. The IRP Manager does not need to check ("pull") for events. + +### C.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [4]. + +### C.1.2 Supported W3C specifications + +The SOAP 1.1 specification [32] and WSDL 1.1 specification [34] are supported. + +The SOAP 1.2 specification [35] is supported optionally. + +This specification uses "document" style in WSDL file. + +This specification uses "literal" encoding style in WSDL file. + +### C.1.3 Prefixes and namespaces + +This specification uses a number of namespace prefixes throughout that are listed in Table C.1.3.1. + +**Table C.1.3.1: Prefixes and Namespaces used in this specification** + +| PREFIX | NAMESPACE | +|------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| (no prefix) | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/ | +| soap | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/ | +| bulkCMIRPSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.616#BulkCMIRPSystem | +| bulkCMIRPData | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.616#BulkCMIRPData | +| xn | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.626#genericNrm | +| genericIRPSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.316#GenericIRPSystem | +| ntfIRPNtfSystem | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.306#NotificationIRPNtfSystem | + +### C.1.4 Filter language + +The filter language used in the SS is the XPath Language (see W3C XPath 1.0 specification [33]). IRP Agents may throw a FilterComplexityLimit fault when a given filter is too complex. + +## C.2 Mapping + +### C.2.1 Operation and notification mapping + +The Bulk CM IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.612 [9]) defines the operations and their semantics. + +Table C.2.1 maps the operations defined in the Bulk CM IRP IS to their equivalent types, messages, port type operation, and binding operation in this Solution Set (SS). + +Table C.2.1 also maps the notifications of the Bulk CM IRP IS, as well as inherited operations. + +Table C.2.1 also qualifies if an operation is Mandatory (M) or Optional (O). + +**Table C.2.1: Mapping from IS Operation to SS Equivalents** + +| IS Operation in 3GPP TS 32.612 [9] | SS: Operation for WSDL port type and WSDL binding | SS: Port of BulkCMIRPService | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|------------------------------|-----------| +| startSession | startSession (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | M | +| endSession | endSession (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | M | +| abortSessionOperation | abortSessionOperation (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | M | +| getSessionIds | getSessionIds (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | M | +| getSessionStatus | getSessionStatus (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | M | +| getSessionLog | getSessionLog (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | M | +| upload | upload (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | M | +| download | download (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | M | +| validate | validate (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | O | +| preactivate | preactivate (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | O | +| activate | activate (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | M | +| fallback | fallback (note 1) | BulkCMIRPPort | M | +| notifySessionStateChanged | notify (note 2) | NotificationIRPNtfPort | M | +| notifyGetSessionLogEnded | notify (note 2) | NotificationIRPNtfPort | M | +| getIRPVersion (note 3) | See TS 32.316 [7] | GenericIRPPort | M | +| getOperationProfile (note 3) | See TS 32.316 [7] | GenericIRPPort | O | +| getNotificationProfile (note 3) | See TS 32.316 [7] | GenericIRPPort | O | +| NOTE 1: The operation is under the port type bulkCMIRPSystem:BulkCMIRPPortType and under the binding bulkCMIRPSystem:BulkCMIRPBinding. | | | | +| NOTE 2: The IS equivalent maps to an XML definition specified in Annex B, and this being an input parameter to the operation notify under the port type ntfIRPNtfSystem:NotificationIRPNtf and under the binding ntfIRPNtfSystem:NotificationIRPNtf of 3GPP TS 32.306 [5]. This binding is linked to a port of the BulkCMIRPService as indicated in the table above. | | | | +| NOTE 3: The IS operation is inherited from the ManagedGenericIRP IOC specified in 3GPP TS 32.312 [6]. This inheritance is by the BulkCMIRP IOC of 3GPP TS 32.612 [9] inheriting from the ManagedGenericIRP IOC. The corresponding binding is linked to a port of the BulkCMIRPService as indicated in the table above. | | | | + +### C.2.2 Operation parameter mapping + +The Bulk CM IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.612 [9]) defines semantics of parameters carried in operations. The tables below show the mapping of these parameters, as per operation, to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +#### C.2.2.1 Operation startSession + +##### C.2.2.1.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.1.1: Mapping from IS startSession input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | + +##### C.2.2.1.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.1.2: Mapping from IS startSession output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.1.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.1.3: Mapping from IS startSession exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.2 Operation endSession + +##### C.2.2.2.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.2.1: Mapping from IS endSession input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | + +##### C.2.2.2.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.2.2: Mapping from IS endSession output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.2.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.2.3: Mapping from IS endSession exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.3 Operation abortSessionOperation + +##### C.2.2.3.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.3.1: Mapping from IS abortSessionOperation input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | + +##### C.2.2.3.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.3.2: Mapping from IS abortSessionOperation output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.3.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.3.3: Mapping from IS abortSessionOperation exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.4 Operation getSessionIds + +##### C.2.2.4.1 Input parameters + +None. + +##### C.2.2.4.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.4.2: Mapping from IS getSessionIds output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionIdsList | sessionIdsList | M | +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.4.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.4.3: Mapping from IS getSessionIds exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.5 Operation getSessionStatus + +##### C.2.2.5.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.5.1: Mapping from IS getSessionStatus input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | + +##### C.2.2.5.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.5.2: Mapping from IS getSessionStatus output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionState | sessionState | M | +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.5.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.5.3: Mapping from IS getSessionStatus exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.6 Operation getSessionLog + +##### C.2.2.6.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.6.1: Mapping from IS getSessionLog input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | +| logFileReference | logFileReference | M | +| contentType | contentType | M | + +##### C.2.2.6.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.6.2: Mapping from IS getSessionLog output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.6.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.6.3: Mapping from IS getSessionLog exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.7 Operation upload + +##### C.2.2.7.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.7.1: Mapping from IS upload input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | +| uploadDataFileReference | uploadDataFileReference | M | +| baseObjectInstance | baseObjectInstance | M | +| scope | scope | M | +| filter | filter | M | + +##### C.2.2.7.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.7.2: Mapping from IS upload output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.7.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.7.3: Mapping from IS upload exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.8 Operation download + +##### C.2.2.8.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.8.1: Mapping from IS download input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | +| downloadDataFileReference | downloadDataFileReference | M | + +##### C.2.2.8.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.8.2: Mapping from IS download output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.8.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.8.3: Mapping from IS download exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.9 Operation validate + +##### C.2.2.9.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.9.1: Mapping from IS validate input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | +| activationMode | activationMode | O | + +##### C.2.2.9.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.9.2: Mapping from IS validate output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.9.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.9.3: Mapping from IS validate exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.10 Operation `preactivate` + +##### C.2.2.10.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.10.1: Mapping from IS preactivate input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | +| verificationMode | verificationMode | O | +| activationMode | activationMode | O | +| fallbackEnabled | fallbackEnabled | M | + +##### C.2.2.10.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.10.2: Mapping from IS preactivate output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.10.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.10.3: Mapping from IS preactivate exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.11 Operation `activate` + +##### C.2.2.11.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.11.1: Mapping from IS activate input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | +| activationMode | activationMode | O | +| fallbackEnabled | fallbackEnabled | M | + +##### C.2.2.11.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.11.2: Mapping from IS activate output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.11.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.11.3: Mapping from IS activate exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +#### C.2.2.12 Operation fallback + +##### C.2.2.12.1 Input parameters + +**Table C.2.2.12.1: Mapping from IS fallback input parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding input message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| sessionId | sessionId | M | + +##### C.2.2.12.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.2.12.2: Mapping from IS fallback output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS WSDL type sub-element used in corresponding output message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| status | status | M | + +##### C.2.2.12.3 Fault definition + +**Table C.2.2.12.3: Mapping from IS fallback exceptions to SS equivalents** + +| Assertion name | SS WSDL type enumeration value used in corresponding fault message under corresponding port type operation as indicated in Table C.2.1 | Qualifier | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| operation_failed | OperationFailed | M | + +## C.3 Solution Set definitions + +### C.3.1 WSDL definition structure + +Clause C.3.2 provides a graphical representation of the Bulk CM IRP service. + +Clause C.3.3 defines the services which are supported by the Bulk CM IRP agent. + +### C.3.2 Graphical Representation + +The WSDL structure is depicted in Figure C.3.2 below, depicting port type, binding and service. The port type contains port type operations, which again contains input, output and fault messages. The binding contains binding operations, which have the same name as the port type operations. The binding connects to a port inside the service. + +![WSDL structure diagram showing Port Types, Bindings, and Services for Bulk CM IRP SOAP.](a7721892ae499a78173ff3dfdc4e65a9_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the WSDL structure for Bulk CM IRP SOAP, organized into three columns: Port Types, Bindings, and Services. + +- Port Types:** + - BulkCMIRPPortType**: Contains the following operations: startSession, endSession, abortSessionOperation, getSessionIds, getSessionStatus, getSessionLog, upload, download, validate, preactivate, activate, and fallback. +- Bindings:** + - BulkCMIRPBinding**: Contains the same operations as BulkCMIRPPortType: startSession, endSession, abortSessionOperation, getSessionIds, getSessionStatus, getSessionLog, upload, download, validate, preactivate, activate, and fallback. It is connected to BulkCMIRPPortType. + - GenericIRPBinding (from 32.316)**: A separate binding box. + - NotificationIRPNtf (from 32.306)**: A separate binding box. +- Services:** + - BulkCMIRPService**: Contains three ports: + - BulkCMIRPPort**: Connected to BulkCMIRPBinding. + - GenericIRPPort**: Connected to GenericIRPBinding. + - NotificationIRPNtfPort**: Connected to NotificationIRPNtf. + +WSDL structure diagram showing Port Types, Bindings, and Services for Bulk CM IRP SOAP. + +Figure C.3.2: Bulk CM IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure + +### C.3.3 WSDL specification “BulkCMIRPSystem.wsdl” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# Annex D (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2010-09 | SA#49 | SP-100517 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information and Approval | -- | 1.0.0 | +| 2010-10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2010-12 | SA#50 | SP-100833 | 001 | -- | Correcting Bulk CM IRP SS - Align with 32.612 IS | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 2012-09 | SA#57 | - | - | - | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 10.1.0 | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2013-12 | SA#62 | SP-130613 | 003 | - | Add missing support for generic RAN NRM | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32621/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32621/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dfd7bcf6dd9196c14a7d93d5b3d06703c2639ba3 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32621/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------|---| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Requirements ..... | 7 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 8 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.621: Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements +- 32.622: Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Network Resource Model (NRM) +- 32.626: Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines , in addition to the requirements defined in [1], [2] and [3], the requirements for the present IRP: Generic Network Resources IRP. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.602: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.612: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. + +**Data:** is any information or set of information required to give software or equipment or combinations thereof a specific state of functionality. + +**Element Manager (EM):** provides a package of end-user functions for management of a set of closely related types of Network Elements (NEs). These functions can be divided into two main categories: + +- *Element Management Functions* for management of NEs on an individual basis. These are basically the same functions as supported by the corresponding local terminals. +- *Sub-Network Management Functions* that are related to a network model for a set of NEs constituting a clearly defined sub-network, which may include relations between the NEs. This model enables additional functions on the sub-network level (typically in the areas of network topology presentation, alarm correlation, service impact analysis and circuit provisioning). + +**IRP:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**IRP Information Model:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**IRP Information Service:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**IRP Solution Set:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**Managed Object (MO):** an abstract entity, which may be accessed through an open interface between two or more systems, and representing a Network Resource (NR) for the purpose of management. The Managed Object (MO) is an + +instance of a Managed Object Class (MOC) as defined in a Management Information Model (MIM). The MIM does not define how the MO or NR is implemented; only what can be seen in the interface. + +**Managed Object Class (MOC):** a description of all the common characteristics for a number of MOs, such as their attributes, operations, notifications and behaviour. + +**Managed Object Instance (MOI):** an instance of a MOC, which is the same as a MO as described above. + +**Management Information Base (MIB):** the set of existing managed objects in a management domain, together with their attributes, constitutes that management domain's MIB. The MIB may be distributed over several OS/NEs. + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** also referred to as NRM – see the definition below. There is a slight difference between the meaning of MIM and NRM – the term MIM is generic and can be used to denote any type of management model, while NRM denotes the model of the actual managed telecommunications Network Resources (NRs). + +**Network Element (NE):** is a discrete telecommunications entity, which can be, managed over a specific interface e.g. the RNC. + +**Network Manager (NM):** provides a package of end-user functions with the responsibility for the management of a network, mainly as supported by the EM(s) but it may also involve direct access to the NEs. All communication with the network is based on open and well-standardised interfaces supporting management of multi-vendor and multi-technology NEs. + +**Network Resource (NR):** is a component of a NE, which can be identified as a discrete separate entity and is in an object oriented environment for the purpose of management represented by an abstract entity called Managed Object (MO). + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** a model representing the actual managed telecommunications Network Resources (NRs) that a System is providing through the subject IRP. An NRM describes Managed Object Classes (MOC), their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above) which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +**Object Management Group (OMG):** see . + +**Operations System (OS):** indicates a generic management system, independent of its location level within the management hierarchy. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FM | Fault Management | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communication | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service (see [1]) | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| MOI | Managed Object Instance | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| OS | Operations System | +| PM | Performance Management | +| TM | Telecom Management | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language (OMG) | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +# --- 4 Requirements + +The following general and high-level requirements apply for the present IRP: + +- A. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. +- B. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. +- C. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.600 [3]. + +In addition to the above, the following more specific requirements apply: + +- 1. The Network Resource Model defined by this IRP shall be generic, i.e. not contain any domain specific definitions such as UTRAN or CN entities. Examples of generic entities are: High-level MOCs for containment of other more domain-specific MOCs, and virtual MOCs for sub-classing by other more domain-specific MOCs. +- 2. The Network Resource Model defined by this IRP shall support management of UMTS-GSM Inter-system handover. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Jun 2001 | SA 12 | SP-010283 | -- | -- | Approved at TSG SA #12 and placed under Change Control | 2.0.0 | 4.0.0 | +| Sep 2002 | SA 17 | SP-020487 | 0001 | -- | Upgrade to Rel-5 | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040541 | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel- 6 (no CR) as per request in SP-040541 SA5 presentation SA_25.ppt (slide 17) | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA 42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32626/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32626/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4b8b76ae9ffed6f88e6bf328579a458c3b5992e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32626/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,970 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Solution Set Definitions ..... | 7 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 8 | +| A.1 Architectural features..... | 8 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 8 | +| A.1.2 Rules for NRM extensions ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2.1 Allowed extensions ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2.2 Extensions not allowed..... | 8 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 9 | +| A.2.1 General mapping ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.1 IOC SubNetwork ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.2 IOC ManagedElement ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.3 IOC MeContext ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.4 IOC ManagementNode..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.5 IOC VsDataContainer ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.6 IOC ManagedFunction ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.7 IOC IRPAgent ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.8 IOC Top..... | 11 | +| A.2.2.9 IOC Link..... | 11 | +| A.2.2.10 IOC EP_RP..... | 11 | +| A.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 12 | +| A.3.1 IDL definition structure..... | 12 | +| A.3.2 IDL specification "GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSYSTEM.idl" ..... | 12 | +| A.3.3 IDL specification "GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl"..... | 14 | +| Annex B (normative): XML Definitions..... | 17 | +| B.1 Architectural features..... | 17 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 17 | +| B.2 Mapping ..... | 17 | +| B.2.1 General mapping ..... | 17 | +| B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 17 | +| B.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 18 | +| B.3.1 XML definition structure ..... | 18 | +| B.3.2 Graphical Representation ..... | 18 | +| B.3.3 XML schema "genericNrm.xsd"..... | 19 | +| Annex C (informative): Change history..... | 23 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.621: Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements +- 32.622: Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Network Resource Model (NRM) +- 32.626: Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions** + +# --- 1 Scope + +The TS 32.62x-series (Generic Network Resources IRP) define an Integration Reference Point (IRP) through which an "IRP Agent" (typically an Element Manager or Network Element) can communicate Network Management related information to one or several "IRP Managers" (typically Network Managers). + +This TS-family specifies a generic Network Resource Model, NRM (also referred to as a Management Information Model - MIM) with definitions of Information Object Classes (IOCs) and Managed Object Classes (MOCs). + +The present document specifies the Solution Sets for the Generic NRM IRP. + +These Solution Set specifications are related to 3GPP TS 32.622 V11. 1.X [4]. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.306: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.616: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [8] W3C REC-xml-20001006: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)". +- [9] W3C REC-xmlschema-0-20010502: "XML Schema Part 0: Primer". +- [10] W3C REC-xmlschema-1-20010502: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures". +- [11] W3C REC-xmlschema-2-20010502: "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes". +- [12] W3C REC-xml-names-19990114: "Namespaces in XML". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For terms and definitions please refer to 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.600 [3] and 3GPP TS 32.622 [4]. + +**XML file:** file containing an XML document + +**XML document:** composed of the succession of an optional XML declaration followed by a root XML element + +NOTE: See [8]; in the scope of the present document. + +**XML declaration:** it specifies the version of XML being used + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML element:** has a type, is identified by a name, may have a set of XML attribute specifications and is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag followed by the XML content of the XML element followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag; each XML element may contain other XML elements + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**empty XML element:** having an empty XML content; an empty XML element still possibly has a set of XML attribute specifications; an empty XML element is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag directly followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML content (of an XML element):** empty if the XML element is simply composed of an XML empty-element tag; otherwise the part, possibly empty, of the XML element between its XML start-tag and its XML end-tag + +**XML start-tag:** the beginning of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML start-tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML end-tag:** the end of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML end-tag containing the name of the XML element + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML empty-element tag:** composed simply of an empty-element tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element. + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML attribute specification:** has a name and a value + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**DTD:** defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to be valid with regard to this DTD + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML schema:** more powerful than a DTD, an XML schema defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to conform with this XML schema; through the use of XML namespaces several XML schemas can be used together by a single XML document; an XML schema is itself also an XML document that shall conform with the XML schema for XML schemas + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +**XML namespace:** enables qualifying element and attribute names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by different XML schemas + +NOTE: See [12], in the scope of the present document. + +**XML complex type:** defined in an XML schema; cannot be directly used in an XML document; can be the concrete type or the derivation base type for an XML element type or for another XML complex type; ultimately defines constraints for an XML element on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +**XML element type:** declared by an XML schema; can be directly used in an XML document; as the concrete type of an XML element, directly or indirectly defines constraints on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content; can also be the concrete type or the derivation base type for another XML element type + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +For additional terms and definitions please refer to 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.600 [3] and 3GPP TS 32.622 [4]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DN | Distinguished Name | +| DTD | Document Type Definition | +| EDGE | Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution | +| GERAN | GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communication | +| IS | Information Service | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language (OMG) | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| SS | Solution Set | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# --- 4 Solution Set Definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP Generic NRM IRP Solution Set Definitions: + +- 3GPP Generic NRM IRP CORBA SS (Annex A) +- 3GPP Generic NRM IRP XML Definitions (Annex B) + +# --- Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in Generic NRM IRP: Information Service (TS 32.622 [4]). + +--- + +## A.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of Generic Network Resources IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the CORBA SS. + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. + +### A.1.2 Rules for NRM extensions + +This clause discusses how the models and IDL definitions provided in the present document can be extended for a particular implementation and still remain compliant with 3GPP SA5's specifications. + +#### A.1.2.1 Allowed extensions + +Vendor-specific MOCs may be supported. The vendor-specific MOCs may support new types of attributes. The 3GPP SA5-specified notifications may be issued referring to the vendor-specific MOCs and vendor-specific attributes. New MOCs shall be distinguishable from 3GPP SA5 MOCs by name. 3GPP SA5-specified and vendor-specific attributes may be used in vendor-specific MOCs. Vendor-specific attribute names shall be distinguishable from existing attribute names. + +NRM MOCs may be subclassed. Subclassed MOCs shall maintain the specified behaviour of the 3GPP SA5's superior classes. They may add vendor-specific behaviour with vendor-specific attributes. When subclassing, naming attributes cannot be changed. The subclassed MOC shall support all attributes of its superior class. Vendor-specific attributes cannot be added to 3GPP SA5 NRM MOCs without subclassing. + +When subclassing, the 3GPP SA5-specified containment rules and their specified cardinality shall still be followed. As an example, ManagementNode (or its subclasses) shall be contained under SubNetwork (or its subclasses). + +Managed Object Instances may be instantiated as CORBA objects. This requires that the MOCs be represented in IDL. 3GPP SA5's NRM MOCs are not currently specified in IDL, but may be specified in IDL for instantiation or subclassing purposes. However, management information models should not require that IRPManagers access the instantiated managed objects other than through supported methods in the present document. + +Extension rules related to notifications (Notification categories, Event Types, Extended Event Types etc.) are for further study. + +#### A.1.2.2 Extensions not allowed + +The IDL specifications in the present document cannot be edited or altered. Any additional IDL specifications shall be specified in separate IDL files. + +IDL interfaces (note: not MOCs) specified in the present document may not be subclassed or extended. New interfaces may be defined with vendor-specific methods. + +## A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 General mapping + +Attributes modelling associations as defined in the NRM (here also called "reference attributes") are in this SS mapped to attributes. The names of the reference attributes in the NRM are mapped to the corresponding attribute names in the MOC. When the cardinality for an association is 0..1 or 1..1 the datatype for the reference attribute is defined as an MOReference. The value of an MO reference contains the distinguished name of the associated MO. When the cardinality for an association allows more than one referred MO, the reference attribute will be of type MOReferenceSet, which contains a sequence of MO references. + +### A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +This Solution Set supports reference attributes for relations other than containment relations between objects. Reference attributes are therefore introduced in each MOC where needed. + +#### A.2.2.1 IOC SubNetwork + +**Mapping from NRM IOC SubNetwork attributes to SS equivalent MOC SubNetwork attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC SubNetwork in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------| +| subNetworkId | subNetworkId | string | Read-Only, M | +| dnPrefix | dnPrefix | string | Read-Only, M | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | Read-Write, M | +| userDefinedNetworkType | userDefinedNetworkType | string | Read-Only, M | +| setOfMcc | setOfMcc | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::StringSet | Read-Only, M
(see note) | + +NOTE: If there may be more than one MCC value in the SubNetwork instance, the attribute setOfMcc is mandatory. Otherwise it is optional. The attribute can always be in the IOC, but the value could be set to "none". + +#### A.2.2.2 IOC ManagedElement + +**Mapping from NRM IOC ManagedElement attributes and association roles to SS equivalent MOC ManagedElement attributes** + +| NRM Attributes/Association roles | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|-----------------------------------------|----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| managedElementId | managedElementId | string | Read-Only, M | +| dnPrefix | dnPrefix | string | Read-Only, M | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | Read-Write, M | +| locationName | locationName | string | Read-Only, M | +| vendorName | vendorName | string | Read-Only, M | +| userDefinedState | userDefinedState | string | Read-Write, M | +| managedElementType | managedElementType | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::StringSet | Read-Only, M | +| managedBy | managedBy | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReferenceSet | Read-Only, M | +| swVersion | swVersion | string | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.2.3 IOC MeContext + +**Mapping from NRM IOC MeContext attributes to SS equivalent MOC MeContext attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC MeContext in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|----------------|------------------| +| meContextId | meContextId | string | Read-Only, M | +| dnPrefix | dnPrefix | string | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.2.4 IOC ManagementNode + +**Mapping from NRM IOC ManagementNode attributes and association roles to SS equivalent MOC ManagementNode attributes** + +| NRM Attributes/association roles of IOC ManagementNode in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------| +| managementNodeId | managementNodeId | string | Read-Only, M | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | Read-Write, M | +| locationName | locationName | string | Read-Only, M | +| vendorName | vendorName | string | Read-Only, M | +| userDefinedState | userDefinedState | string | Read-Write, M | +| managedElements | managedElements | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReferenceSet | Read-Only, M | +| swVersion | swVersion | string | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.2.5 IOC VsDataContainer + +**Mapping from NRM IOC VsDataContainer attributes and association roles to SS equivalent MOC VsDataContainer attributes** + +| NRM Attributes/association roles of IOC VsDataContainer in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|---------|---------------| +| vsDataContainerId | vsDataContainerId | string | Read-Only, M | +| vsDataType | vsDataType | string | Read-Only, M | +| vsData | vsData | any | Read-Write, M | +| vsDataFormatVersion | vsDataFormatVersion | string | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.2.6 IOC ManagedFunction + +**Mapping from NRM IOC ManagedFunction attributes and association roles to SS equivalent MOC ManagedFunction attributes** + +| NRM Attributes/association roles of IOC ManagedFunction in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|---------|---------------| +| userLabel | userLabel | string | Read-Write, M | + +#### A.2.2.7 IOC IRPAgent + +**Mapping from NRM IOC IRPAgent attributes to SS equivalent MOC IRPAgent attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC IRPAgent in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------------|---------------|---------|--------------| +| irpAgentId | irpAgentId | string | Read-Only, M | +| systemDN | systemDN | string | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.2.8 IOC Top + +**Mapping from NRM IOC Top attributes to SS equivalent attributes in all MOCs** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC Top in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------|---------|--------------| +| objectClass | CLASS | string | Read-Only, M | +| objectInstance | No direct mapping | | | + +#### A.2.2.9 IOC Link + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC Link attributes to SS equivalent MOC IRP Agent attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC Top in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------| +| linkId | linkId | string | Read-Only, M | +| objectClass (see note 1) | CLASS | string | Read-Only, M | +| objectInstance (see note 1) | No direct mapping | | Read-Only, M | +| userLabel (see note 2) | userLabel | string | Read-Write, M | +| aEnd | aEnd | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReference | Read-Only, M | +| zEnd | zEnd | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReference | Read-Only, M | +| linkType | linkType | LinkTypeType | Read-Only, O | +| protocolName | protocolName | string | Read-Only, O | +| protocolVersion | protocolVersion | string | Read-Only, O | + +NOTE 1: This attribute is inherited from **ManagedFunction** via **Top** + +NOTE 2: This attribute is inherited from **ManagedFunction** + +#### A.2.2.10 IOC EP\_RP + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC EP\_RP attributes to SS equivalent MOC EP\_RP attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC EP_RP in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------|---------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------| +| id | id | string | Read-Only, M | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | Read-Write, O | +| farEndEntity | farEndEntity | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReference | Read-Only, M | + +## A.3 Solution Set definitions + +### A.3.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.3.2 defines the types which are used by the Generic NRM IRP. + +Clause A.3.3 defines the MO classes for the Generic NRM IRP. + +### A.3.2 IDL specification "GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem.idl" + +``` + +//File: GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem.idl +#ifndef _GENERIC_NETWORK_RESOURCES_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +#define _GENERIC_NETWORK_RESOURCES_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +module GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem +{ + /** + * The format of Distinguished Name (DN) is specified in "Name Convention + * for Managed Objects (3GPP TS 32.300 [5])". + */ + typedef string DN; + + /** + * This module adds datatype definitions for types + * used in the NRM which are not basic datatypes defined + * already in CORBA. + */ + module AttributeTypes + { + /** + * An MO reference refers to an MO instance. + * "otherMO" contains the distinguished name of the referred MO. + * A conceptual "null" reference (meaning no MO is referenced) + * is represented as an empty string (""). + */ + struct MOReference + { + DN otherMO; + }; + + /** + * MOReferenceSet represents a set of MO references. + * This type is used to hold 0..n MO references. + * A referred MO is not allowed to be repeated (therefore + * it is denoted as a "Set") + */ + typedef sequence MOReferenceSet; + + /** + * A set of strings. + */ + typedef sequence StringSet; + + /** + * A set of long. + */ + typedef sequence LongSet; + + /** + * The LinkListSet represents the Link_X_Y objects (or subclasses of + * Link_X_Y objects) that have a relationship with this object instance. + * Each Link_X_Y object models interface(s) between objects of class X and + * Y. The object containing this attribute must either be a class of type X, + * Y, XFunction, YFunction or a subclass of one of those classes. The + * LinkListSet may be empty, or there may be no instances for a particular + * Link_X_Y class name. + */ + typedef MOReferenceSet LinkListSet; + } +}; + +``` + +}; + +#endif // \_GENERIC\_NETWORK\_RESOURCES\_IRP\_SYSTEM\_IDL\_ + +### A.3.3 IDL specification "GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl" + +``` +//File: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl +#ifndef _GENERIC_NETWORK_RESOURCES_NRM_DEFS_IDL_ +#define _GENERIC_NETWORK_RESOURCES_NRM_DEFS_IDL_ +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" +/** + * This module defines constants for each MO class name and + * the attribute names for each defined MO class. + */ +module GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs +{ + /** + * Definitions for MO class Top + */ + interface Top + { + // Attribute Names + // + const string CLASS = "Top"; + }; + /** + * Definitions for MO class SubNetwork + */ + interface SubNetwork : Top + { + const string CLASS = "SubNetwork"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string subNetworkId = "subNetworkId"; + const string dnPrefix = "dnPrefix"; + const string userLabel = "userLabel"; + const string userDefinedNetworkType = "userDefinedNetworkType"; + const string setOfMcc = "setOfMcc"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class ManagedElement + */ + interface ManagedElement : Top + { + const string CLASS = "ManagedElement"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string managedElementId = "managedElementId"; + const string dnPrefix = "dnPrefix"; + const string managedElementType = "managedElementType"; + const string userLabel = "userLabel"; + const string vendorName = "vendorName"; + const string userDefinedState = "userDefinedState"; + const string locationName = "locationName"; + const string managedBy = "managedBy"; + const string swVersion = "swVersion"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class MeContext + */ + interface MeContext : Top + { + const string CLASS = "MeContext"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string meContextId = "meContextId"; + const string dnPrefix = "dnPrefix"; + }; + /** + * Definitions for MO class ManagementNode + */ + interface ManagementNode : Top + { + const string CLASS = "ManagementNode"; + + // Attribute Names + // + const string managementNodeId = "managementNodeId"; + }; +} +``` + +``` + const string userLabel = "userLabel"; + const string vendorName = "vendorName"; + const string userDefinedState = "userDefinedState"; + const string locationName = "locationName"; + const string managedElements = "managedElements"; + const string swVersion = "swVersion"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for abstract MO class ManagedFunction + */ + interface ManagedFunction : Top + { + const string CLASS = "ManagedFunction"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string userLabel = "userLabel"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class IRPAgent + */ + interface IRPAgent : Top + { + const string CLASS = "IRPAgent"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string irpAgentId = "irpAgentId"; + const string systemDN = "systemDN"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for abstract MO class Link + * This inherits from ManagedFunction + * The attributes aEnd and zEnd are populated with the DNs + * of the entities associated via the link class. + * The aEnd takes the DN of the 1st entity in alphabetical order, + * the zEnd takes the 2nd entity in alphabetical order of the class + * names. + */ + interface Link : ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS = "Link"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string linkId = "linkId"; + const string aEnd = "aEnd"; + const string zEnd = "zEnd"; + const string linkType = "linkType"; + const string protocolName = "protocolName"; + const string protocolVersion = "protocolVersion"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class VsDataContainer + */ + interface VsDataContainer : Top + { + const string CLASS = "VsDataContainer"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string vsDataContainerId = "vsDataContainerId"; + const string vsDataType = "vsDataType"; + const string vsData = "vsData"; + const string vsDataFormatVersion = "vsDataFormatVersion"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for abstract MO class EP_RP + */ + interface EP_RP : Top + { + const string CLASS = "EP_RP"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string farEndEntity = "farEndEntity"; + const string id = "id"; + const string userLabel = "userLabel"; + }; + + /** + * This module adds datatypes definitions for the Link Class + */ +``` + +``` + * These attributes are not the basic datatypes already defined + */ +module LinkAttributeTypes +{ + enum LinkType + { + SIGNALLING, + BEARER, + OAM_AND_P, + OTHER + }; + typedef sequence LinkTypeType; +}; + +}; +#endif // _GENERIC_NETWORK_RESOURCES_NRM_DEFS_IDL_ +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): XML Definitions + +This annex contains the XML Definitions for the Generic NRM IRP as it applies to Itf-N, in accordance with Generic NRM IRP IS definitions [4]. + +## --- B.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of Generic Network Resources IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the Schema definitions. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. + +## --- B.2 Mapping + +### B.2.1 General mapping + +An IOC maps to an XML element of the same name as the IOC's name in the IS. An IOC attribute maps to a sub-element of the corresponding IOC's XML element, and the name of this sub-element is the same as the attribute's name in the IS. + +### B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +## --- B.3 Solution Set definitions + +### B.3.1 XML definition structure + +The overall description of the file format of configuration data XML files is provided by 3GPP TS 32.616 [7]. + +Annex B.3.3 of the present document defines the NRM-specific XML schema `genericNrm.xsd` for the Generic Network Resources IRP NRM defined in 3GPP TS 32.622 [4]. + +XML schema `genericNrm.xsd` explicitly declares NRM-specific XML element types for the related NRM. + +The definition of those NRM-specific XML element types complies with the generic mapping rules defined in 3GPP TS 32.616 [7], with the following exception: as defined in 3GPP TS 32.616 [7], the `vsData` XML element type has an empty XML content. + +Additionally, XML schema `genericNrm.xsd` also provides the following global XML declarations and definitions: + +- XML complex type `NrmClass`: derivation base type (see [9], [10] and [11]) for all NRM class associated XML element types (see 3GPP TS 32.616 [7]); +- XML element type `vsData`: derivation base type (see [9], [10] and [11]) for all vendor-specific XML element types (see 3GPP TS 32.616 [7]); +- XML element type `SubNetworkOptionallyContainedNrmClass`: substitution group head (see [9], [10] and [11]) for all XML element types associated to further NRM classes optionally contained under `SubNetwork` NRM class; +- XML element type `ManagedElementOptionallyContainedNrmClass`: substitution group head (see [9], [10] and [11]) for all XML element types associated to further NRM classes optionally contained under `ManagedElement` NRM class. + +### B.3.2 Graphical Representation + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +### B.3.3 XML schema "genericNrm.xsd" + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + +``` + +# Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| 05-2010 | SA-48 | SP-100269 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information and approval | -- | --- | 1.0.0 | +| 06-2010 | SA-48 | -- | -- | -- | Publication | -- | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 09-2010 | SA-49 | SP-100489 | 001 | -- | Correct XML definitions to be aligned with IS | F | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 03-2011 | SA-51 | SP-110100 | 002 | -- | Add containment for object class ESPolicies - Align with 32.522 SON NRM IRP Information Service | F | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 09-2012 | SA-57 | - | - | - | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 10.2.0 | - | 10.2.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 12-2012 | SA-58 | SP-120800 | 003 | 1 | Add containment for interRatEsPolicies | B | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 09-2013 | SA-61 | SP-130433 | 006 | - | Correct wrong XML implementation of energy saving containment | F | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32632/1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32632/1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f92790440e1a7b8b6ac0796c98b4585f0788a023 --- /dev/null +++ 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b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32632/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..40b65e41c1d3f327140165acd73ebd02da2a5a3e --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32632/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,2417 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 8 | +| Introduction ..... | 8 | +| 1 Scope..... | 9 | +| 2 References..... | 9 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 10 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 10 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 11 | +| 4 System overview ..... | 12 | +| 4.1 Compliance rules..... | 12 | +| 5 Modelling approach ..... | 12 | +| 6 Information Object Classes..... | 13 | +| 6.1 Imported information entities and local labels..... | 13 | +| 6.2 Class diagram ..... | 13 | +| 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships ..... | 13 | +| 6.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 19 | +| 6.3 Information object class definitions ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.1 MscServerFunction ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.1.3 Notifications..... | 22 | +| 6.3.2 HlrFunction..... | 22 | +| 6.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.2.2 Attributes ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.2.3 Notifications..... | 22 | +| 6.3.3 VlrFunction..... | 23 | +| 6.3.3.1 Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.3.2 Attributes ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.3.3 Notifications..... | 23 | +| 6.3.4 AucFunction..... | 23 | +| 6.3.4.1 Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.4.2 Attributes ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.4.3 Notifications..... | 23 | +| 6.3.5 EirFunction..... | 23 | +| 6.3.5.1 Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.5.2 Attributes ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.5.3 Notifications..... | 23 | +| 6.3.6 SmsIwmscFunction..... | 24 | +| 6.3.6.1 Definition ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.6.2 Attributes ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.6.3 Notifications..... | 24 | +| 6.3.7 SmsGmscFunction ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.7.1 Definition ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.7.2 Attributes ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.7.3 Notifications..... | 24 | +| 6.3.8 GmscFunction ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.8.1 Definition ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.8.2 Attributes ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.8.3 Notifications..... | 24 | +| 6.3.9 SgsnFunction ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.9.1 Definitions ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.9.2 Attributes ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.9.3 Notifications..... | 25 | +| 6.3.10 GgsnFunction ..... | 25 | + +| | | | +|----------|-------------------------|----| +| 6.3.10.1 | Definitions ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.10.2 | Attributes ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.10.3 | Notifications..... | 25 | +| 6.3.11 | BgFunction ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.11.1 | Definitions ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.11.2 | Attributes ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.11.3 | Notifications..... | 26 | +| 6.3.12 | SmlcFunction ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.12.1 | Definitions ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.12.2 | Attributes ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.12.3 | Notifications..... | 26 | +| 6.3.13 | GmlcFunction ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.13.1 | Definitions ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.13.2 | Attributes ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.13.3 | Notifications..... | 26 | +| 6.3.14 | ScfFunction..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14.1 | Definitions ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14.2 | Attributes ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14.3 | Notifications..... | 27 | +| 6.3.15 | SrfFunction..... | 27 | +| 6.3.15.1 | Definitions ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.15.2 | Attributes ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.15.3 | Notifications..... | 27 | +| 6.3.16 | CbcFunction..... | 27 | +| 6.3.16.1 | Definitions ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.16.2 | Attributes ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.16.3 | Notifications..... | 27 | +| 6.3.17 | CgfFunction..... | 28 | +| 6.3.17.1 | Definitions ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.17.2 | Attributes ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.17.3 | Notifications..... | 28 | +| 6.3.18 | GmscServerFunction..... | 28 | +| 6.3.18.1 | Definitions ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.18.2 | Attributes ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.18.3 | Notifications..... | 28 | +| 6.3.19 | IwfFunction..... | 28 | +| 6.3.19.1 | Attributes ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.19.2 | Attributes ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.19.3 | Notifications..... | 28 | +| 6.3.20 | MnpSrfFunction..... | 29 | +| 6.3.20.1 | Definitions ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.20.2 | Attributes ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.20.3 | Notifications..... | 29 | +| 6.3.21 | NpdbFunction ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.21.1 | Definitions ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.21.2 | Attributes ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.21.3 | Notifications..... | 29 | +| 6.3.22 | SgwFunction..... | 29 | +| 6.3.22.1 | Definitions ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.22.2 | Attributes ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.22.3 | Notifications..... | 29 | +| 6.3.23 | SsfFunction..... | 30 | +| 6.3.23.1 | Definitions ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.23.2 | Attributes ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.23.3 | Notifications..... | 30 | +| 6.3.24 | BsFunction ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.24.1 | Definitions ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.24.2 | Attributes ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.24.3 | Notifications..... | 30 | +| 6.3.25 | IucsLink..... | 31 | +| 6.3.25.1 | Definitions ..... | 31 | + +| | | | +|----------|-------------------------------------------|----| +| 6.3.25.2 | Attributes ..... | 31 | +| 6.3.25.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 31 | +| 6.3.25.4 | Notifications..... | 31 | +| 6.3.26 | TupsLink..... | 32 | +| 6.3.26.1 | Definitions ..... | 32 | +| 6.3.26.2 | Attributes ..... | 32 | +| 6.3.26.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 32 | +| 6.3.26.4 | Notifications..... | 32 | +| 6.3.27 | TubcLink..... | 32 | +| 6.3.27.1 | Definitions ..... | 32 | +| 6.3.27.2 | Attributes ..... | 32 | +| 6.3.27.3 | Notifications..... | 32 | +| 6.3.28 | ALink..... | 33 | +| 6.3.28.1 | Definitions ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.28.2 | Attributes ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.28.3 | Notifications..... | 33 | +| 6.3.29 | GbLink..... | 33 | +| 6.3.29.1 | Definitions ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.29.2 | Attributes ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.29.3 | Notifications..... | 33 | +| 6.3.30 | CsMgwFunction..... | 33 | +| 6.3.30.1 | Definitions ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.30.2 | Attributes ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.30.3 | Notifications..... | 33 | +| 6.3.31 | Void..... | 34 | +| 6.3.32 | Void..... | 34 | +| 6.3.33 | Void..... | 34 | +| 6.3.34 | Void..... | 34 | +| 6.3.35 | BmScFunction..... | 34 | +| 6.3.35.1 | Definitions ..... | 34 | +| 6.3.35.2 | Attributes ..... | 34 | +| 6.3.35.3 | Notifications..... | 34 | +| 6.3.36 | Link_BmSc_Ggsn..... | 34 | +| 6.3.36.1 | Definition..... | 34 | +| 6.3.37 | Link_Ggsn_Sgsn..... | 34 | +| 6.3.37.1 | Definition..... | 34 | +| 6.3.38 | CircuitEndPointSubgroup..... | 34 | +| 6.3.38.1 | Definitions ..... | 34 | +| 6.3.38.2 | Attributes ..... | 34 | +| 6.3.38.3 | Notifications..... | 35 | +| 6.3.39 | MscPool..... | 35 | +| 6.3.39.1 | Definitions ..... | 35 | +| 6.3.39.2 | Attributes ..... | 35 | +| 6.3.39.3 | Notifications..... | 35 | +| 6.3.40 | MscPoolArea..... | 35 | +| 6.3.40.1 | Definition..... | 35 | +| 6.3.40.2 | Attributes ..... | 35 | +| 6.3.41 | SgsnPool..... | 35 | +| 6.3.41.1 | Definitions ..... | 35 | +| 6.3.41.2 | Attributes ..... | 35 | +| 6.3.41.3 | Notifications..... | 36 | +| 6.3.42 | SgsnPoolArea..... | 36 | +| 6.3.42.1 | Definitions ..... | 36 | +| 6.3.42.2 | Attributes ..... | 36 | +| 6.3.42.3 | Notifications..... | 36 | +| 6.4 | Information relationship definitions..... | 37 | +| 6.4.1 | AssociatedWith1 (M)..... | 37 | +| 6.4.1.1 | Definition..... | 37 | +| 6.4.1.2 | Roles..... | 37 | +| 6.4.1.3 | Constraints..... | 37 | +| 6.4.2 | AssociatedWith2 (M)..... | 38 | + +| | | | +|----------|--------------------------|----| +| 6.4.2.1 | Definition ..... | 38 | +| 6.4.2.2 | Roles ..... | 38 | +| 6.4.2.3 | Constraints ..... | 38 | +| 6.4.3 | AssociatedWith3 (M)..... | 38 | +| 6.4.3.1 | Definition ..... | 38 | +| 6.4.3.2 | Roles ..... | 38 | +| 6.4.3.3 | Constraints ..... | 38 | +| 6.4.4 | AssociatedWith4 (M)..... | 39 | +| 6.4.4.1 | Definition ..... | 39 | +| 6.4.4.2 | Roles ..... | 39 | +| 6.4.4.3 | Constraints ..... | 39 | +| 6.4.5 | AssociatedWith5 (M)..... | 39 | +| 6.4.5.1 | Definition ..... | 39 | +| 6.4.5.2 | Roles ..... | 39 | +| 6.4.5.3 | Constraints ..... | 39 | +| 6.4.6 | ConnectedTo1 (M)..... | 40 | +| 6.4.6.1 | Definition ..... | 40 | +| 6.4.6.2 | Roles ..... | 40 | +| 6.4.6.3 | Constraints ..... | 40 | +| 6.4.7 | ConnectedTo2 (M)..... | 40 | +| 6.4.7.1 | Definition ..... | 40 | +| 6.4.7.2 | Roles ..... | 40 | +| 6.4.7.3 | Constraints ..... | 40 | +| 6.4.8 | ConnectedTo3 (M)..... | 41 | +| 6.4.8.1 | Definition ..... | 41 | +| 6.4.8.2 | Roles ..... | 41 | +| 6.4.8.3 | Constraints ..... | 41 | +| 6.4.9 | ConnectedTo4 (M)..... | 41 | +| 6.4.9.1 | Definition ..... | 41 | +| 6.4.9.2 | Roles ..... | 41 | +| 6.4.9.3 | Constraints ..... | 41 | +| 6.4.10 | ConnectedTo5 (M)..... | 42 | +| 6.4.10.1 | Definition ..... | 42 | +| 6.4.10.2 | Roles ..... | 42 | +| 6.4.10.3 | Constraints ..... | 42 | +| 6.4.11 | ConnectedTo6 (M)..... | 42 | +| 6.4.11.1 | Definition ..... | 42 | +| 6.4.11.2 | Roles ..... | 42 | +| 6.4.11.3 | Constraints ..... | 42 | +| 6.4.12 | ConnectedTo7 (M)..... | 43 | +| 6.4.12.1 | Definition ..... | 43 | +| 6.4.12.2 | Roles ..... | 43 | +| 6.4.12.3 | Constraints ..... | 43 | +| 6.4.13 | ConnectedTo8 (M)..... | 43 | +| 6.4.13.1 | Definition ..... | 43 | +| 6.4.13.2 | Roles ..... | 43 | +| 6.4.13.3 | Constraints ..... | 43 | +| 6.4.14 | ConnectedTo9 (M)..... | 44 | +| 6.4.14.1 | Definition ..... | 44 | +| 6.4.14.2 | Roles ..... | 44 | +| 6.4.14.3 | Constraints ..... | 44 | +| 6.4.15 | ConnectedTo10 (M)..... | 44 | +| 6.4.15.1 | Definition ..... | 44 | +| 6.4.15.2 | Roles ..... | 44 | +| 6.4.15.3 | Constraints ..... | 44 | +| 6.4.16 | ConnectedTo11 (M)..... | 45 | +| 6.4.16.1 | Definition ..... | 45 | +| 6.4.16.2 | Roles ..... | 45 | +| 6.4.16.3 | Constraints ..... | 45 | +| 6.4.17 | ConnectedTo12 (M)..... | 45 | +| 6.4.17.1 | Definition ..... | 45 | + +| | | | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------|----| +| 6.4.17.2 | Roles ..... | 45 | +| 6.4.17.3 | Constraints ..... | 45 | +| 6.4.18 | ConnectedTo13 (M)..... | 46 | +| 6.4.18.1 | Definition ..... | 46 | +| 6.4.18.2 | Roles ..... | 46 | +| 6.4.18.3 | Constraints ..... | 46 | +| 6.4.19 | ConnectedTo14 (M)..... | 46 | +| 6.4.19.1 | Definition ..... | 46 | +| 6.4.19.2 | Roles ..... | 46 | +| 6.4.19.3 | Constraints ..... | 46 | +| 6.4.20 | ConnectedTo15 (M)..... | 47 | +| 6.4.20.1 | Definition ..... | 47 | +| 6.4.20.2 | Roles ..... | 47 | +| 6.4.20.3 | Constraints ..... | 47 | +| 6.4.21 | ConnectedTo16 (M)..... | 47 | +| 6.4.21.1 | Definition ..... | 47 | +| 6.4.21.2 | Roles ..... | 47 | +| 6.4.21.3 | Constraints ..... | 47 | +| 6.4.22 | AssociatedWith6 (M)..... | 47 | +| 6.4.22.1 | Definition ..... | 47 | +| 6.4.22.2 | Roles ..... | 48 | +| 6.4.22.3 | Constraints ..... | 48 | +| 6.4.23 | AssociatedWith7 (M)..... | 48 | +| 6.4.23.1 | Definition ..... | 48 | +| 6.4.23.2 | Roles ..... | 48 | +| 6.4.23.3 | Constraints ..... | 48 | +| 6.4.24 | AssociatedWith8 (M)..... | 48 | +| 6.4.24.1 | Definition ..... | 48 | +| 6.4.24.2 | Roles ..... | 49 | +| 6.4.24.3 | Constraints ..... | 49 | +| 6.4.25 | AssociatedWith9 (M)..... | 49 | +| 6.4.25.1 | Definition ..... | 49 | +| 6.4.25.2 | Roles ..... | 49 | +| 6.4.25.3 | Constraints ..... | 49 | +| 6.5 | Information attribute definitions ..... | 50 | +| 6.5.1 | Definition and legal values ..... | 50 | +| 6.5.2 | Constraints ..... | 52 | +| 6.6 | Particular information configurations ..... | 53 | +| 6.7 | Common notifications ..... | 53 | +| Annex A (informative): | Change history..... | 54 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects, Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.631: "Configuration Management (CM); Core network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- 32.632: "Configuration Management (CM); Core network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)".** +- 32.636: "Configuration Management (CM); Core network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions" + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimization programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of an Integration Reference Point (IRP) named "Core Network Resources IRP", through which an 'IRP Agent' (typically an Element Manager or Network Element) can communicate Configuration Management information to one or several 'IRP Managers' (typically Network Managers) concerning CN resources. + +The present document specifies the protocol neutral Core Network Resources IRP: Network Resource Model. It reuses relevant parts of the generic NRM in 3GPP TS 32.622 [16], either by direct reuse or sub-classing, and in addition to that defines CN specific Information Object Classes. + +Finally, in order to access the information defined by this NRM, an Interface IRP is needed, such as the Basic CM IRP 3GPP TS 32.60x [17]. However, which Interface IRP that is applicable is outside the scope of the present document. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.302: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point; Information Service (IS)". +- [4] - [6] Void. +- [7] ITU-T Recommendation X.710 (1991): "Common management information service definition for CCITT applications". +- [8] - [10] Void. +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point: Information Service (IS)". +- [12] Void. +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [15] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network architecture". +- [16] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [17] 3GPP TS 32.602: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic Configuration Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [18] 3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) service description; Stage 2". +- [19] 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". + +- [20] 3GPP TS 32.672: "Telecommunication Management; Configuration Management (CM); State Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [21] Void. +- [22] 3GPP TS 32.642: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [23] 3GPP TS 32.652: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [24] ITU-T Rec. M.3100: "Generic Network Information Model" (7/95). +- [25] 3GPP TS 32.772: "Telecommunication management; Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [26] 3GPP TS 23.236: "Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Intra-domain connection of Radio Access Network (RAN) nodes to multiple Core Network (CN) nodes". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.600 [14] and the following apply: + +**Association:** In general it is used to model relationships between Managed Objects. Associations can be implemented in several ways, such as: + +- (1) name bindings; +- (2) reference attributes; and +- (3) association objects. + +This IRP stipulates that containment associations shall be expressed through name bindings, but it does not stipulate the implementation for other types of associations as a general rule. These are specified as separate entities in the object models (UML diagrams). + +**Managed Element (ME):** an instance of the Information Object Class `ManagedElement` defined in 3GPP TS 32.622 [16]. + +**Managed Object (MO):** in the context of the present document, a Managed Object (MO) is a software object that encapsulates the manageable characteristics and behaviour of a particular Network Resource. The MO is instance of a MO class defined in a MIM/NRM. This class, called **Information Object Class (IOC)** has *attributes* that provide information used to characterize the objects that belong to the class (the term "attribute" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "property" according to CIM). Furthermore, the IOC can have *operations* that represent the behaviour relevant for that class (the term "operation" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "method" according to CIM). The IOC may support the emission of *notifications* that provide information about an event occurrence within a network resource. + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** also referred to as NRM - see the definition below. + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** a model representing the actual managed telecommunications network resources that a System is providing through the subject IRP +An NRM identifies and describes IOCs, their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above), which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +**Node B:** a logical node responsible for radio transmission/reception in one or more cells to/from the User Equipment +It terminates the Iub interface towards the RNC. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| AUC | AUthentication Centre | +| AS | Application Server | +| BG | Border Gateway | +| BGCF | Breakout Gateway Control Function | +| BS | Billing System | +| CBC | Cell Broadcast Center | +| CGF | Charging Gateway Functionality | +| CN | Core Network | +| DN | Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [13]) | +| EIR | Equipment Identity Register | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FM | Fault Management | +| FNR | Flexible Number Register | +| GDMO | Guidelines for the Definition of Managed Objects | +| GGSN | Gateway GPRS Support Node | +| GMLC | Gateway Mobile Location Center | +| GMServer | Gateway MSC Server | +| GMSC | Gateway MSC | +| GPRS | General Packet Radio System | +| HNB GW | Home NodeB Gateway | +| ICSCF | Interrogating Call Session Control Function | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language | +| IMS | IP Multimedia Subsystem | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| ISO | International Standards Organization | +| IWF | InterWorking Function | +| ME | Managed Element | +| MGCF | Media Gateway Control Function | +| MGW | Media GateWay | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MNP-SRF | Mobile Number Portability-Signalling Relay Function | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOI | Managed Object Instance | +| MRFC | Multimedia Resource Function Controller | +| MRFP | Call Session Control Function Processor | +| MSC Server | Mobile Services Switching Centre Server | +| MSC | Mobile Services Switching Centre | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NPDB | Number Portability DataBase | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OSI | Open Systems Interconnection | +| PCSCF | Proxy Call Session Control Function | +| PM | Performance Management | +| RDN | Relative Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [13]) | +| SCF | Service Control Function | +| SCSCF | Serving Call Session Control Function | +| SGSN | Serving GPRS Support Node | +| SGW | Signalling GateWay | +| SLF | Subscription Locator Function | +| SMLC | Serving Mobile Location Center | +| SMS | Short Message Service | +| SMS-GMSC | SMS Gateway MSC | +| SMS-IWMSC | SMS InterWorking MSC | +| SRF | Specialized Resource Function | + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| SSF | Service Switching Function | +| TMN | Telecommunications Management Network | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| VLR | Visitor Location Register | + +# --- 4 System overview + +## 4.1 Compliance rules + +The following defines the meaning of Mandatory and Optional IOC attributes and associations between IOCs, in Solution Sets to the IRP defined by the present document: + +- The IRPManager shall support all mandatory attributes/associations. The IRPManager shall be prepared to receive information related to mandatory as well as optional attributes/associations without failure; however the IRPManager does not have to support handling of the optional attributes/associations. +- The IRPAgent shall support all mandatory attributes/associations. It may support optional attributes/associations. + +An IRPAgent that incorporates vendor-specific extensions shall support normal communication with a 3GPP SA5-compliant IRPManager with respect to all Mandatory and Optional information object classes, attributes and associations without requiring the IRPManager to have any knowledge of the extensions. + +Given that: + +- rules for vendor-specific extensions remain to be fully specified; and +- many scenarios under which IRPManager and IRPAgent interwork may exist; + +it is recognized that the IRPManager, even though it is not required to have knowledge of vendor-specific extensions, may be required to be implemented with an awareness that extensions can exist and behave accordingly. + +# --- 5 Modelling approach + +The modelling approach is described in the Generic Network Resources IRP: NRM (3GPP TS 32.622 [16]). + +It should be noted that this model allows for combined managed element functionality, where more than one 'function IOCs' (inherited from `ManagedFunction`) modelling more specific managed element functionality may be contained in the `ManagedElement` IOC. + +# 6 Information Object Classes + +## 6.1 Imported information entities and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------| +| TS 32.622 [16], information object class, Link | Link | +| TS 32.622 [16], information object class, ManagedElement | ManagedElement | +| TS 32.642 [22], information object class, RncFunction | RncFunction | +| TS 32.652 [23], information object class, BssFunction | BssFunction | +| TS 32.652 [23], information object class, ExternalBssFunction | ExternalBssFunction | +| TS 32.652 [23], information object class, ExternalGsmCell | ExternalGsmCell | +| TS 32.652 [23], information object class, GsmCell | GsmCell | + +## 6.2 Class diagram + +### 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This clause depicts the set of IOCs that encapsulate information relevant for this service. This clause provides the overview of all information object classes in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these information object classes. + +The figures below show the containment/naming hierarchy and the associations of the information object classes defined in the present document. + +NOTE: The listed cardinality numbers represent transient as well as steady-state numbers, and reflect all managed object creation and deletion scenarios in all figures. + +![UML Class Diagram showing containment/naming relationships for various InformationObjectClass elements like HlrFunction, VlrFunction, AucFunction, EirFunction, SmlcFunction, GmlcFunction, SrfFunction, CbcFunction, MscServerFunction, SmslwmscFunction, SmsGmscFunction, GmscFunction, SgsnFunction, GgsnFunction, BgFunction, ScfFunction, and BmScFunction, all related to a central ManagedElement class.](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the containment/naming relationships for various InformationObjectClass elements. At the center is the **ManagedElement** class (from 32.622). Surrounding it are 16 other classes, each connected to the central class by a directed association. The associations are labeled with **<>** and have multiplicities at both ends. + +- Top Left:** + - HlrFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - VlrFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - AucFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - EirFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. +- Top Center:** + - MscServerFunction**: Multiplicity 0..n at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. +- Top Right:** + - SmslwmscFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - SmsGmscFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - GmscFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - SgsnFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. +- Bottom Left:** + - SmlcFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - GmlcFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - SrfFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - CbcFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. +- Bottom Right:** + - GgsnFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - BgFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - ScfFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + - BmScFunction**: Multiplicity 0..1 at the class end, 1 at the ManagedElement end. + +UML Class Diagram showing containment/naming relationships for various InformationObjectClass elements like HlrFunction, VlrFunction, AucFunction, EirFunction, SmlcFunction, GmlcFunction, SrfFunction, CbcFunction, MscServerFunction, SmslwmscFunction, SmsGmscFunction, GmscFunction, SgsnFunction, GgsnFunction, BgFunction, ScfFunction, and BmScFunction, all related to a central ManagedElement class. + +Figure 6.2.1.1: CN NRM Containment/Naming relationships 1 + +![UML Class Diagram Figure 6.2.1.2: CN NRM Containment/Naming relationships 2](7efae06af3af43ffe5d4b956a679cf54_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class NpdbFunction { + <> + } + class SsfFunction { + <> + } + class GmscServerFunction { + <> + } + class CsMgwFunction { + <> + } + class ManagedElement { + <> + (from 32.622) + } + class MnpSrfFunction { + <> + } + class CgfFunction { + <> + } + class IwfFunction { + <> + } + class BsFunction { + <> + } + class SgwFunction { + <> + } + + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" NpdbFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" SsfFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" GmscServerFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..n" CsMgwFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" MnpSrfFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" CgfFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" IwfFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" BsFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" SgwFunction : <> + +``` + +UML Class Diagram Figure 6.2.1.2: CN NRM Containment/Naming relationships 2 + +Figure 6.2.1.2: CN NRM Containment/Naming relationships 2 + +Figure 6.2.1.3: Void + +![UML Class Diagram Figure 6.2.1.4: CN UTRAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association](9ae17964ddd9b814c7d905b1af2fddf2_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedElement { + <> + (from 32.622) + } + class CsMgwFunction { + <> + } + class MscServerFunction { + <> + } + class SgsnFunction { + <> + } + class CbcFunction { + <> + } + class IucsLink { + <> + } + class IupsLink { + <> + } + class ExternalRNCFunction { + <> + (from 32.642) + } + class RncFunction { + <> + (from 32.642) + } + class IubcLink { + <> + } + + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..n" CsMgwFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" MscServerFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" SgsnFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" CbcFunction : <> + + CsMgwFunction "1" -- "0..n" IucsLink : +csMgwFunction-iucsLink / ConnectedTo1 + MscServerFunction "0..1" -- "0..n" CsMgwFunction : AssociatedWith3 + MscServerFunction "1" -- "0..n" IucsLink : <> / ConnectedTo2 + SgsnFunction "1" -- "0..n" IupsLink : <> / ConnectedTo4 + CbcFunction "1" -- "0..n" IubcLink : <> / ConnectedTo6 + + IucsLink "0..n" -- "0..1" ExternalRNCFunction : +connectedRnc / ConnectedTo2 + IucsLink "0..n" -- "0..n" RncFunction : +connectedRnc / ConnectedTo3 + IupsLink "0..n" -- "0..1" ExternalRNCFunction : +connectedRnc / ConnectedTo5 + IupsLink "0..n" -- "0..n" RncFunction : +connectedRnc / ConnectedTo4 + IubcLink "0..n" -- "0..1" ExternalRNCFunction : +connectedRnc / ConnectedTo7 + IubcLink "0..n" -- "0..n" RncFunction : +connectedRnc / ConnectedTo6 + +``` + +UML Class Diagram Figure 6.2.1.4: CN UTRAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association + +NOTE: The association between *MscServerFunction* and *CsMgwFunction* is optional and is only mandatory when they belong to different *ManagedElements*. + +Figure 6.2.1.4: CN UTRAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association + +![UML Class Diagram for CN GERAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association. The diagram shows ManagedElement (from 32.622) as the root class. It has associations with CsMgwFunction, MscServerFunction, and SgsnFunction via 'names' associations. CsMgwFunction is associated with MscServerFunction via 'AssociatedWith3'. MscServerFunction is associated with GsmCell via 'AssociatedWith1'. SgsnFunction is associated with GsmCell via 'AssociatedWith4' and with ExternalGsmCell via 'AssociatedWith5'. GsmCell is associated with ExternalGsmCell via 'AssociatedWith2'. ALink is associated with CsMgwFunction via 'csMgwFunction-ALink' and 'ConnectedTo8'. ALink is associated with IuCsLink via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo10'. ALink is associated with BssFunction via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo12'. ALink is associated with ExternalBssFunction via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo9'. IuCsLink is associated with BssFunction via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo11'. IuCsLink is associated with ExternalBssFunction via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo13'. GbLink is associated with ExternalGsmCell via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo14'. GbLink is associated with IuPsLink via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo15'. GbLink is associated with ExternalBssFunction via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo16'.](1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg) + +UML Class Diagram for CN GERAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association. The diagram shows ManagedElement (from 32.622) as the root class. It has associations with CsMgwFunction, MscServerFunction, and SgsnFunction via 'names' associations. CsMgwFunction is associated with MscServerFunction via 'AssociatedWith3'. MscServerFunction is associated with GsmCell via 'AssociatedWith1'. SgsnFunction is associated with GsmCell via 'AssociatedWith4' and with ExternalGsmCell via 'AssociatedWith5'. GsmCell is associated with ExternalGsmCell via 'AssociatedWith2'. ALink is associated with CsMgwFunction via 'csMgwFunction-ALink' and 'ConnectedTo8'. ALink is associated with IuCsLink via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo10'. ALink is associated with BssFunction via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo12'. ALink is associated with ExternalBssFunction via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo9'. IuCsLink is associated with BssFunction via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo11'. IuCsLink is associated with ExternalBssFunction via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo13'. GbLink is associated with ExternalGsmCell via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo14'. GbLink is associated with IuPsLink via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo15'. GbLink is associated with ExternalBssFunction via 'connectedBss' and 'ConnectedTo16'. + +NOTE 1: The association between MscServerFunction and CsMgwFunction is optional and is only mandatory when they belong to different ManagedElements. + +NOTE 2: The association between MscServerFunction and GsmCell, and SgsnFunction and GsmCell are optional. It may be valid if both the MscServerFunction and GsmCell, or SgsnFunction and GsmCell are managed by the same management node. + +Figure 6.2.1.5: CN GERAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association + +Each IOC is identified with a Distinguished Name (DN) according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [13] that expresses its containment hierarchy. As an example, the DN of an IOC representing a cell could have a format like: + +SubNetwork=Sweden, MeContext =MEC-Gbg-1, ManagedElement =MSC-Gbg-1, MscServerFunction=MSC-1. + +![UML Class Diagram for CN MBMS NRM Containment/Naming and Association. The diagram shows GgsnFunction and BmScFunction as root classes. GgsnFunction is associated with Link_Ggsn_Sgsn via '0..n' association. Link_Ggsn_Sgsn is associated with SgsnFunction via '0..n' association. A note attached to Link_Ggsn_Sgsn indicates 'Gn and Gp ref point'. BmScFunction is associated with Link_BmSc_Ggsn via '0..n' association. Link_BmSc_Ggsn is associated with a note indicating 'Gmb and Gi ref point'.](6f341f415ee0f8c724e5d6daeb1e9b4a_img.jpg) + +UML Class Diagram for CN MBMS NRM Containment/Naming and Association. The diagram shows GgsnFunction and BmScFunction as root classes. GgsnFunction is associated with Link\_Ggsn\_Sgsn via '0..n' association. Link\_Ggsn\_Sgsn is associated with SgsnFunction via '0..n' association. A note attached to Link\_Ggsn\_Sgsn indicates 'Gn and Gp ref point'. BmScFunction is associated with Link\_BmSc\_Ggsn via '0..n' association. Link\_BmSc\_Ggsn is associated with a note indicating 'Gmb and Gi ref point'. + +Figure 6.2.1.6: CN MBMS NRM Containment/Naming and Association + +![UML Class Diagram showing containment/naming relationships between ManageElement, MSCServerFunction, CircuitEndPointSubgroup, and VsDataContainer.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class ManageElement { + <> + ManageElement + (from 32.622) + } + class MSCServerFunction { + <> + MSCServerFunction + } + class CircuitEndPointSubgroup { + <> + CircuitEndPointSubgroup + } + class VsDataContainer { + <> + VsDataContainer + } + + ManageElement "1" *-- "0..n" MSCServerFunction : <> + MSCServerFunction "1" *-- "0..n" CircuitEndPointSubgroup : <> + CircuitEndPointSubgroup "1" *-- "0..n" VsDataContainer : <> + VsDataContainer "1" *-- "0..n" VsDataContainer : <> +``` + +The diagram illustrates a hierarchy of InformationObjectClasses. At the top is **ManageElement** (from 32.622). It has a containment/naming relationship with **MSCServerFunction** (multiplicity 1 to 0..n, role <>). **MSCServerFunction** has a similar relationship with **CircuitEndPointSubgroup** (multiplicity 1 to 0..n, role <>). **CircuitEndPointSubgroup** has a relationship with **VsDataContainer** (multiplicity 1 to 0..n, role <>). Finally, **VsDataContainer** has a self-relationship (multiplicity 1 to 0..n, role <>). + +UML Class Diagram showing containment/naming relationships between ManageElement, MSCServerFunction, CircuitEndPointSubgroup, and VsDataContainer. + +Figure 6.2.1.7: CN CircuitEndPointSubgroup related NRM Containment/Naming and Association + +![UML Class Diagram showing associations between SubNetwork, MscPool, MscPoolArea, and MscServerFunction.](33a8f3f01dfa8bce75d23017855a13c5_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class SubNetwork { + <> + SubNetwork + (from 32.622) + } + class MscPool { + <> + MscPool + } + class MscPoolArea { + <> + MscPoolArea + } + class MscServerFunction { + <> + MscServerFunction + } + + SubNetwork "1" *-- "0..n" MscPool : <> + SubNetwork "1" *-- "0..n" MscPoolArea : <> + MscPool "0..1" -- "0..1" MscPoolArea : AssociatedWith7 + MscPool "0..1" -- "0..n" MscServerFunction : AssociatedWith6 +``` + +The diagram shows **SubNetwork** (from 32.622) at the top, with containment/naming relationships to **MscPool** (multiplicity 1 to 0..n, role <>) and **MscPoolArea** (multiplicity 1 to 0..n, role <>). **MscPool** and **MscPoolArea** are associated with each other via **AssociatedWith7** (multiplicity 0..1 to 0..1). **MscPool** is also associated with **MscServerFunction** via **AssociatedWith6** (multiplicity 0..1 to 0..n). + +UML Class Diagram showing associations between SubNetwork, MscPool, MscPoolArea, and MscServerFunction. + +Figure 6.2.1.8: CN MscPool related NRM Containment/Naming and Association + +![UML Class Diagram showing relationships between SubNetwork, SgsnPool, SgsnPoolArea, and SgsnFunction classes.](4356776ca004ecba5d599667a155d7d4_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class SubNetwork { + <> + SubNetwork + (from 32.622) + } + class SgsnPool { + <> + SgsnPool + } + class SgsnPoolArea { + <> + SgsnPoolArea + } + class SgsnFunction { + <> + SgsnFunction + } + + SubNetwork "1" *-- "0..n" SgsnPool : <> + SubNetwork "1" *-- "0..n" SgsnPoolArea : <> + SgsnPool "0..1" -- "0..1" SgsnPoolArea : AssociatedWith9 + SgsnPool "0..1" -- "0..n" SgsnFunction : AssociatedWith8 +``` + +The diagram illustrates the relationships between four classes: **SubNetwork** (from 32.622), **SgsnPool**, **SgsnPoolArea**, and **SgsnFunction**. **SubNetwork** is at the top, with two aggregation relationships: one to **SgsnPool** (multiplicity 1 to 0..n, role <>) and one to **SgsnPoolArea** (multiplicity 1 to 0..n, role <>). **SgsnPool** and **SgsnPoolArea** are connected by a bidirectional association named **AssociatedWith9** (multiplicity 0..1 to 0..1). **SgsnPool** is also connected to **SgsnFunction** by a bidirectional association named **AssociatedWith8** (multiplicity 0..1 to 0..n). + +UML Class Diagram showing relationships between SubNetwork, SgsnPool, SgsnPoolArea, and SgsnFunction classes. + +Figure 6.2.1.9: CN SgsnPool related NRM Containment/Naming and Association + +### 6.2.2 Inheritance + +This clause depicts the inheritance relationships that exist between IOCs. + +The figures below show the inheritance hierarchy for the CN NRM. + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for ManagedFunction](a734898ce18e972938949637c32a34f4_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class ManagedFunction { + <> + ManagedFunction + (from 32.622) + } + class MscServerFunction { + <> + MscServerFunction + } + class HlrFunction { + <> + HlrFunction + } + class VirFunction { + <> + VirFunction + } + class AucLink { + <> + AucLink + } + class EirLink { + <> + EirLink + } + class SmIcFunction { + <> + SmIcFunction + } + class GmlcFunction { + <> + GmlcFunction + } + class SrfFunction { + <> + SrfFunction + } + class MscPool { + <> + MscPool + } + class MscPoolArea { + <> + MscPoolArea + } + class SmSlwMscFunction { + <> + SmSlwMscFunction + } + class SmsGmscFunction { + <> + SmsGmscFunction + } + class GmscFunction { + <> + GmscFunction + } + class SgsnFunction { + <> + SgsnFunction + } + class GgsnFunction { + <> + GgsnFunction + } + class BgFunction { + <> + BgFunction + } + class ScfFunction { + <> + ScfFunction + } + class CbcFunction { + <> + CbcFunction + } + class SgsnPool { + <> + SgsnPool + } + class SgsnPoolArea { + <> + SgsnPoolArea + } + class BmScFunction { + <> + BmScFunction + } + + ManagedFunction <|-- MscServerFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- HlrFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- VirFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- AucLink + ManagedFunction <|-- EirLink + ManagedFunction <|-- SmIcFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- GmlcFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- SrfFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- MscPool + ManagedFunction <|-- MscPoolArea + ManagedFunction <|-- SmSlwMscFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- SmsGmscFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- GmscFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- SgsnFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- GgsnFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- BgFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- ScfFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- CbcFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- SgsnPool + ManagedFunction <|-- SgsnPoolArea + ManagedFunction <|-- BmScFunction +``` + +The diagram illustrates the inheritance hierarchy for the **ManagedFunction** class (from 32.622). At the top is the base class **ManagedFunction**. Below it, 17 subclasses inherit from it, arranged in two columns. The left column includes **MscServerFunction**, **HlrFunction**, **VirFunction**, **AucLink**, **EirLink**, **SmIcFunction**, **GmlcFunction**, **SrfFunction**, **MscPool**, and **MscPoolArea**. The right column includes **SmSlwMscFunction**, **SmsGmscFunction**, **GmscFunction**, **SgsnFunction**, **GgsnFunction**, **BgFunction**, **ScfFunction**, **CbcFunction**, **SgsnPool**, and **SgsnPoolArea**. At the bottom, **BmScFunction** also inherits from **ManagedFunction**. + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for ManagedFunction + +Figure 6.2.2.1: CN NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 1 + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for ManagedFunction. The base class is ManagedFunction (from 32.622). Subclasses include NpdbFunction, SsffFunction, CgffFunction, GbLink, ALink, CsMgwFunction, IubcLink, SmslwmscFunction, SmsGmscFunction, GmscServerFunction, MnpSrffFunction, BsFunction, IucSLink, and IupsLink.](523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class ManagedFunction { + <> + ManagedFunction + (from 32.622) + } + class NpdbFunction { + <> + NpdbFunction + } + class SsffFunction { + <> + SsffFunction + } + class CgffFunction { + <> + CgffFunction + } + class GbLink { + <> + GbLink + } + class ALink { + <> + ALink + } + class CsMgwFunction { + <> + CsMgwFunction + } + class IubcLink { + <> + IubcLink + } + class SmslwmscFunction { + <> + SmslwmscFunction + } + class SmsGmscFunction { + <> + SmsGmscFunction + } + class GmscServerFunction { + <> + GmscServerFunction + } + class MnpSrffFunction { + <> + MnpSrffFunction + } + class BsFunction { + <> + BsFunction + } + class IucSLink { + <> + IucSLink + } + class IupsLink { + <> + IupsLink + } + ManagedFunction <|-- NpdbFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- SsffFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- CgffFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- GbLink + ManagedFunction <|-- ALink + ManagedFunction <|-- CsMgwFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- IubcLink + ManagedFunction <|-- SmslwmscFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- SmsGmscFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- GmscServerFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- MnpSrffFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- BsFunction + ManagedFunction <|-- IucSLink + ManagedFunction <|-- IupsLink +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for ManagedFunction. The base class is ManagedFunction (from 32.622). Subclasses include NpdbFunction, SsffFunction, CgffFunction, GbLink, ALink, CsMgwFunction, IubcLink, SmslwmscFunction, SmsGmscFunction, GmscServerFunction, MnpSrffFunction, BsFunction, IucSLink, and IupsLink. + +Figure 6.2.2.2: CN NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 2 + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for Link class.](79e1709a7317ead45379cbb8ff3ba802_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Link { + <> + Link + (from 32.622) + } + class Link_BmSc_Ggsn { + <> + Link_BmSc_Ggsn + } + class Link_Ggsn_Sgsn { + <> + Link_Ggsn_Sgsn + } + Link_BmSc_Ggsn --|> Link + Link_Ggsn_Sgsn --|> Link +``` + +The diagram illustrates an inheritance hierarchy. At the top is a class box labeled '<> Link (from 32.622)'. Below it are two class boxes: '<> Link\_BmSc\_Ggsn' on the left and '<> Link\_Ggsn\_Sgsn' on the right. Both lower boxes have inheritance arrows pointing upwards to the 'Link' class box. + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for Link class. + +Figure 6.2.2.3: CN NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 3 + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for Top class.](a24e89a6fe9bb70c83f8bf5202baba95_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Top { + <> + Top + (from 32.622) + } + class CircuitEndPointSubgroup { + <> + CircuitEndPointSubgroup + } + CircuitEndPointSubgroup --|> Top +``` + +The diagram illustrates an inheritance hierarchy. At the top is a class box labeled '<> Top (from 32.622)'. Below it is a class box labeled '<> CircuitEndPointSubgroup'. An inheritance arrow points from the 'CircuitEndPointSubgroup' class box upwards to the 'Top' class box. + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for Top class. + +Figure 6.2.2.4: CN NRM Inheritance Hierarchy 4 + +## 6.3 Information object class definitions + +### 6.3.1 MscServerFunction + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +This IOC represents MSCserver functionality. For more information about the MSC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| mscServerFunctionId | M | M | - | +| userLabel | M | M | M | +| mccList | M | M | M | +| mncList | M | M | M | +| lacList | M | M | M | +| sacList | M | M | M | +| gcaList | O | M | M | +| mscId | M | M | M | +| mscServerFunction-GsmCell | M | M | - | +| mscServerFunction-ExternalGsmCell | M | M | - | +| mscServerFunction-CsMgwFunction | M | M | - | +| mscServerFunction-MscPool | O | M | - | +| nriList | M | M | - | +| defaultMsc | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.1.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.2 HlrFunction + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +This IOC represents HLR functionality. For more information about the HLR, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| hlrFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.2.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.3 VlrFunction + +#### 6.3.3.1 Definition + +This IOC represents VLR functionality. For more information about the VLR, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.3.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| vlrFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.3.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.4 AucFunction + +#### 6.3.4.1 Definition + +This IOC represents AUC functionality. For more information about the AUC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.4.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| aucFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.4.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.5 EirFunction + +#### 6.3.5.1 Definition + +This IOC represents EIR functionality. For more information about the EIR, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.5.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| eirFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.5.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.6 SmsIwmscFunction + +#### 6.3.6.1 Definition + +This IOC represents SMS-IWMSC functionality. For more information about the SMS-IWMSC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.6.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| smsIwmscFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.6.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.7 SmsGmscFunction + +#### 6.3.7.1 Definition + +This IOC represents SMS-GMSC functionality. For more information about the SMS-GMSC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.7.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| smsGmscFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.7.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.8 GmscFunction + +#### 6.3.8.1 Definition + +This IOC represents GMSC functionality. For more information about the GMSC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.8.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| gmscFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.8.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.9 SgsnFunction + +#### 6.3.9.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents SGSN functionality. For more information about the SGSN, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.9.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| sgsnFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | +| mccList | + | M | M | M | +| mncList | + | M | M | M | +| lacList | + | M | M | M | +| racList | + | M | M | M | +| sacList | + | M | M | M | +| sgsnId | + | M | M | M | +| sgsnFunction-GsmCell | + | M | M | - | +| sgsnFunction-ExternalGsmCell | + | M | M | - | +| proceduralStatus (Note) | % | O | - | - | +| sgsnFunction-SgsnPool | | O | M | - | +| nriList | | M | M | - | + +Note: This proceduralStatus is not settable or readable via any Interface IRP except conveyed by notifyStateChange notifications. + +#### 6.3.9.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.10 GgsnFunction + +#### 6.3.10.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents GGSN functionality. For more information about the GGSN, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.10.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| ggsnFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | +| proceduralStatus (Note) | % | O | - | - | + +Note: This proceduralStatus is not settable or readable via any Interface IRP except conveyed by notifyStateChange notifications. + +#### 6.3.10.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.11 BgFunction + +#### 6.3.11.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents BG functionality. For more information about the BG, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.11.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| bgFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.11.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.12 SmlcFunction + +#### 6.3.12.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents SMLC functionality. For more information about the SMLC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.12.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| smlcFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.12.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.13 GmlcFunction + +#### 6.3.13.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents GMLC functionality. For more information about the GMLC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.13.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| gmlcFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.13.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.14 ScfFunction + +#### 6.3.14.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents SCF functionality (also referred to as gsmSCF). For more information about the SCF, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.14.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| scfFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.14.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.15 SrfFunction + +#### 6.3.15.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents SRF functionality (also referred to as gsmSRF). For more information about the SRF, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.15.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| srfFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.15.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.16 CbcFunction + +#### 6.3.16.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents CBC functionality. For more information about the CBC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.16.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| cbcFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.16.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.17 CgfFunction + +#### 6.3.17.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents CGF functionality. For more information about the CGF, see 3GPP TS 23.060 [18]. + +#### 6.3.17.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| cgfFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.17.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.18 GmscServerFunction + +#### 6.3.18.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents GMSCServer functionality. For more information about GMSCServer, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.18.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| gmscServerFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.18.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.19 IwfFunction + +#### 6.3.19.1 Attributes + +This IOC represents IWF functionality. For more information about IWF, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.19.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| iwfFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.19.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.20 MnpSrfFunction + +#### 6.3.20.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents MNP-SRF functionality (also known as FNR). For more information about MNP-SRF, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.20.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| mnpSrfFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.20.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.21 NpdbFunction + +#### 6.3.21.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents NPDB functionality. For more information about NPDB, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.21.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| npdbFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.21.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.22 SgwFunction + +#### 6.3.22.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents SGW functionality. For more information about SGW, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.22.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| sgwFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.22.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.23 SsfFunction + +#### 6.3.23.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents SSF functionality. For more information about SSF, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.23.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| ssfFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.23.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.24 BsFunction + +#### 6.3.24.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents BS functionality. For more information about BS, see 3GPP TS 23.060 [18]. + +#### 6.3.24.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| bsFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.24.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.25 IucsLink + +#### 6.3.25.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents an Iu-cs interface link connecting an MSCserver to the RNC, BSC and HNB GW. For more information about the Iu interface, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.25.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| iucsLinkId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | +| connectedRnc | + | O | M | - | +| connectedBss | + | O | M | - | +| connectedHNBGW | + | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.25.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attribute `connectedRnc` shall be supported when the Iucs interface is between the MSCServer node and an RNC node. + +The optional attribute `connectedBss` shall be supported when the Iucs interface is between the MSCServer node and a BSC node. + +The optional attribute `connectedHNBGW` shall be supported when the Iucs interface is between the MSCServer node and a HNB GW node [25]. + +The attributes `connectedRnc`, `connectedBss` and `connectedHNBGW` are mutually exclusive. + +#### 6.3.25.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.26 IupsLink + +#### 6.3.26.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents an Iu-ps interface link connecting a SGSN to the RNC, BSC and HNB GW. For more information about the Iu interface, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.26.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| iupsLinkId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | +| connectedRnc | + | O | M | - | +| connectedBss | + | O | M | - | +| connectedHNBGW | + | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.26.3 Attribute constraints + +The optional attribute `connectedRnc` shall be supported when the Iups interface is between the SGSN node and an RNC node. + +The optional attribute `connectedBss` shall be supported when the Iups interface is between the SGSN node and a BSC node. + +The optional attribute `connectedHNBGW` shall be supported when the Iups interface is between the SGSN node and a HNB GW node [25]. + +The attributes `connectedRnc`, `connectedBss` and `connectedHNBGW` are mutually exclusive. + +#### 6.3.26.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.27 IubcLink + +#### 6.3.27.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents an Iu-bc interface link connecting a CBC to the RNC and HNB GW. For more information about the Iu interface, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.27.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| iubcLinkId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | +| connectedRnc | + | M | M | - | +| connectedHNBGW | + | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.27.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.28 ALink + +#### 6.3.28.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents the A interface link connecting a MSC to the GERAN. For more information about the GERAN, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.28.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| aLinkId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | +| connectedBss | + | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.28.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.29 GbLink + +#### 6.3.29.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents the Gb interface link connecting a SGSN to the GERAN. For more information about the GERAN, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.29.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| gbLinkId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | +| connectedBss | + | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.29.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.30 CsMgwFunction + +#### 6.3.30.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents CS-MGW functionality. For more information about CS-MGW, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.30.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| csMgwFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | +| csMgwFunction-MscServerFunction | + | M | M | - | +| csMgwFunction-IucsLink | + | M | M | - | +| csMgwFunction-ALink | + | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.30.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +6.3.31 Void + +6.3.32 Void + +6.3.33 Void + +6.3.34 Void + +6.3.35 BmScFunction + +6.3.35.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents BM-SC functionality. For more information about BM-SC see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +6.3.35.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| bmScFunctionId | + | M | M | - | + +6.3.35.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +6.3.36 Link\_BmSc\_Ggsn + +6.3.36.1 Definition + +This IOC models the Gmb and Gi reference points as defined in TS 23.002 [8]. + +6.3.37 Link\_Ggsn\_Sgsn + +6.3.37.1 Definition + +This IOC models the Gn and Gp reference points as defined in TS 23.002 [8]. + +6.3.38 CircuitEndPointSubgroup + +6.3.38.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents the Circuit End Point Subgroup, relating to definitions in ITU-T M.3100 (see [24]). A Circuit End Point Subgroup is a set of circuit end points that directly interconnect one network element with another (e.g. MSC, BSC). It is derived from Top. + +6.3.38.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| circuitEndPointSubgroupId | + | M | M | - | + +6.3.38.3 Notifications + +This IOC would not emit notification. + +6.3.39 MscPool + +6.3.39.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents the MSC server pool. For more information about the MSC server pool, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15] + +#### 6.3.39.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| mscPool-MscServerFunction | M | M | - | +| mscPool-MscPoolArea | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.39.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.40 MscPoolArea + +#### 6.3.40.1 Definition + +This IOC represents MSC Pool Area. For more information about the MSC Pool Area, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [9]. Key concepts related to MSC Pool Area are: + +- An MSC Pool Area is defined as an area within which an UE may be served without the need to change the serving MSC. It is a collection of complete Location Areas (LAs). +- A particular LA can be a member of one or more MSC Pool Areas. In the latter case, the MSC Pool Areas involved are called “overlapping MSC Pool Areas”. + +#### 6.3.40.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| lacList | M | M | - | +| pLMNIdList | O | M | - | +| mscPoolArea-MscPool | M | M | - | + +### 6.3.41 SgsnPool + +#### 6.3.41.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents the SGSN pool. For more information about the SGSN pool, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15] + +#### 6.3.41.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| sgsnPool-SgsnFunction | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.41.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.42 SgsnPoolArea + +#### 6.3.42.1 Definitions + +This IOC represents SGSN Pool Area. For more information about the SGSN Pool Area, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [9]. Key concept related to SGSN Pool Area is: + +- An SGSN Pool Area is defined as an area within which an UE may be served without the need to change the serving SGSN. It is a collection of complete Routing Areas (RAs). + +#### 6.3.42.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| racList | M | M | - | +| pLMNIdList | O | M | - | +| sgsnPoolArea-SgsnPool | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.42.3 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.7 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +## 6.4 Information relationship definitions + +### 6.4.1 AssociatedWith1 (M) + +#### 6.4.1.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the `MscServerFunction` and `GsmCell`. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.1: Roles of the relation AssociatedWith1** + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| mscServerFunction-GsmCell | This role (when present) represents MscServerFunction capability to identify the set of related GsmCell . The mscServerFunction-GsmCell shall carry the set of GsmCell DN(s). | +| gsmCell-MscServerFunction | This role (when present) represents GsmCell capability to identify one related MscServerFunction . When the role is absent, the gsmCell-MscServerFunction shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one MscServerFunction DN. | + +#### 6.4.1.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +### 6.4.2 AssociatedWith2 (M) + +#### 6.4.2.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the `MscServerFunction` and `ExternalGsmCell`. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +#### 6.4.2.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.2: Roles of the relation AssociatedWith2** + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| mscServerFunction-ExternalGsmCell | This role (when present) represents MscServerFunction capability to identify the set of related ExternalGsmCell . The mscServerFunction-ExternalGsmCell shall carry the set of ExternalGsmCell DN(s). | +| externalGsmCell-MscServerFunction | This role (when present) represents ExternalGsmCell capability to identify one related MscServerFunction . When the role is absent, the externalGsmCell-MscServerFunction shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one MscServerFunction DN. | + +#### 6.4.2.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +### 6.4.3 AssociatedWith3 (M) + +#### 6.4.3.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the `MscServerFunction` and `CsMgwFunction`. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +#### 6.4.3.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.3: Roles of the relation AssociatedWith3** + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| mscServerFunction-CsMgwFunction | This role (when present) represents MscServerFunction capability to identify the related CsMgwFunction (s). The mscServerFunction-CsMgwFunction shall carry the CsMgwFunction DN(s). | +| csMgwFunction-MscServerFunction | This role (when present) represents CsMgwFunction capability to identify one related MscServerFunction . When the role is absent, the csMgwFunction-MscServerFunction shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one MscServerFunction DN. | + +#### 6.4.3.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +### 6.4.4 AssociatedWith4 (M) + +#### 6.4.4.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the `SgsnFunction` and `GsmCell`. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +#### 6.4.4.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.4: Roles of the relation AssociatedWith4** + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| sgsnFunction-GsmCell | This role (when present) represents SgsnFunction capability to identify the set of related GsmCells . The sgsnFunction-GsmCell shall carry the set of GsmCell DN(s). | +| gsmCell-SgsnFunction | This role (when present) represents GsmCell capability to identify one related SgsnFunction . When the role is absent, the gsmCell-SgsnFunction shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one SgsnFunction DN. | + +#### 6.4.4.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +### 6.4.5 AssociatedWith5 (M) + +### 6.4.5.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the `SgsnFunction` and `ExternalGsmCell`. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +### 6.4.5.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.5: Roles of the relation AssociatedWith5** + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| sgsnFunction-ExternalGsmCell | This role (when present) represents SgsnFunction capability to identify the set of related ExternalGsmCell . The sgsnFunction-ExternalGsmCell shall carry the set of ExternalGsmCell DN(s). | +| externalGsmCell-SgsnFunction | This role (when present) represents ExternalGsmCell capability to identify one related SgsnFunction . When the role is absent, the externalGsmCell-SgsnFunction shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one SgsnFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.5.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.6 ConnectedTo1 (M) + +### 6.4.6.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the `CsMgwFunction` and `IucsLink`. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +## 6.4.6.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.6: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo1** + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| csMgwFunction-IucsLink | This role (when present) represents CsMgwFunction capability to identify the set of connected IucsLinks. When the role is present, the csMgwFunction-IucsLink shall carry the set of IucsLink DN(s). | + +## 6.4.6.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.7 ConnectedTo2 (M) + +### 6.4.7.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the IucsLink and ExternalRncFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.7.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.7: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo2** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedRnc | This role (when present) represents IOC IucsLink capability to identify one connected ExternalRncFunction. When present, it shall contain one ExternalRncFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.7.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.8 ConnectedTo3 (M) + +### 6.4.8.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the IucsLink and RncFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.8.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.8: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo3** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedRnc | This role (when present) represents IOC IucsLink capability to identify one connected RncFunction. When present, it shall contain one RncFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.8.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.9 ConnectedTo4 (M) + +### 6.4.9.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the IupsLink and RncFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.9.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.9: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo4** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedRnc | This role (when present) represents IOC IupsLink capability to identify one connected RncFunction. When present, it shall contain one RncFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.9.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.10 ConnectedTo5 (M) + +### 6.4.10.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the IupsLink and ExternalRncFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.10.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.10: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo5** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedRnc | This role (when present) represents IOC IupsLink capability to identify one connected ExternalRncFunction. When present, it shall contain one ExternalRncFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.10.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.11 ConnectedTo6 (M) + +### 6.4.11.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the IubcLink and RncFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.11.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.11: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo6** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedRnc | This role (when present) represents IOC IubcLink capability to identify one connected RncFunction. When present, it shall contain one RncFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.11.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.12 ConnectedTo7 (M) + +### 6.4.12.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the IubcLink and ExternalRncFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.12.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.12: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo7** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedRnc | This role (when present) represents IOC IubcLink capability to identify one connected ExternalRncFunction. When present, it shall contain one ExternalRncFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.12.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.13 ConnectedTo8 (M) + +### 6.4.13.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the CsMgwFunction and ALink. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.13.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.13: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo8** + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| csMgwFunction
-ALink | This role (when present) represents CsMgwFunction capability to identify the set of connected ALinks. When the role is present, the csMgwFunction-ALink shall carry the set of ALink DN(s). | + +### 6.4.13.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.14 ConnectedTo9 (M) + +### 6.4.14.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the ALink and ExternalBssFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.14.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.14: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo9** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedBss | This role (when present) represents IOC ALink capability to identify one connected ExternalBssFunction. When present, it shall contain one ExternalBssFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.14.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.15 ConnectedTo10 (M) + +### 6.4.15.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the Iucmlink and ExternalBssFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.15.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.15: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo10** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedBss | This role (when present) represents IOC Iucmlink capability to identify one connected ExternalBssFunction. When present, it shall contain one ExternalBssFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.15.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.16 ConnectedTo11 (M) + +### 6.4.16.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the Iucslink and BssFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.16.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.16: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo11** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedBss | This role (when present) represents IOC Iucslink capability to identify one connected BssFunction. When present, it shall contain one BssFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.16.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.17 ConnectedTo12 (M) + +### 6.4.17.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the ALink and BssFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.17.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.17: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo12** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedBss | This role (when present) represents IOC ALink capability to identify one connected BssFunction. When present, it shall contain one BssFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.17.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.18 ConnectedTo13 (M) + +### 6.4.18.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the GbLink and BssFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.18.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.18: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo13** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedBss | This role (when present) represents IOC GbLink capability to identify one connected BssFunction. When present, it shall contain one BssFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.18.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.19 ConnectedTo14 (M) + +### 6.4.19.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the IupsLink and BssFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.19.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.19: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo14** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedBss | This role (when present) represents IOC IupsLink capability to identify one connected BssFunction. When present, it shall contain one BssFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.19.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.20 ConnectedTo15 (M) + +### 6.4.20.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the IupsLink and ExternalBssFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.20.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.20: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo15** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedBss | This role (when present) represents IOC IupsLink capability to identify one connected ExternalBssFunction. When present, it shall contain one ExternalBssFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.20.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.21 ConnectedTo16 (M) + +### 6.4.21.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relation between the GbLink and ExternalBssFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +### 6.4.21.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.21: Roles of the relation ConnectedTo16** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedBss | This role (when present) represents IOC GbLink capability to identify one connected ExternalBssFunction. When present, it shall contain one ExternalBssFunction DN. | + +### 6.4.21.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.22 AssociatedWith6 (M) + +### 6.4.22.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the MscPool and MscServerFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +## 6.4.22.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.22: Roles of the relation AssociatedWith6** + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| mscPool-MscServerFunction | This role (when present) represents MscPool capability to identify the set of related MscServerFunction. The mscPool-MscServerFunction shall carry the set of MscServerFunction DN(s). | +| mscServerFunction-MscPool | This role (when present) represents MscServerFunction capability to identify the set of related MscPool. When the role is absent, the mscServerFunction-MscPool shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain at least one MscPool DN. | + +## 6.4.22.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.23 AssociatedWith7 (M) + +### 6.4.23.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the MscPool and MscPoolArea. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +### 6.4.23.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.23: Roles of the relation AssociatedWith7** + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| mscPool-MscPoolArea | This role (when present) represents mscPool capability to identify related MscPoolArea. When the role is absent, the mscPool-MscPoolArea shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one MscPoolArea DN. | +| mscPoolArea-MscPool | This role (when present) represents mscPoolArea capability to identify related MscPool. When the role is absent, the mscPoolArea-MscPool shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one MscPool DN. | + +### 6.4.23.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.24 AssociatedWith8 (M) + +### 6.4.24.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the SgsnPool and SgsnFunction. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +## 6.4.24.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.24: Roles of the relation AssociatedWith8** + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| sgsnPool-SgsnFunction | This role (when present) represents sgsnPool capability to identify one related SgsnFunction. When the role is absent, the sgsnPool-SgsnFunction shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one SgsnFunction DN. | +| sgsnFunction-SgsnPool | This role (when present) represents SgsnFunction capability to identify one related SgsnPool. When the role is absent, the sgsnFunction-SgsnPool shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one SgsnPool DN. | + +## 6.4.24.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.4.25 AssociatedWith9 (M) + +### 6.4.25.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the SgsnPool and SgsnPoolArea. + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +### 6.4.25.2 Roles + +**Table 6.4.25: Roles of the relation AssociatedWith9** + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| sgsnPool-SgsnPoolArea | This role (when present) represents sgsnPool capability to identify one related sgsnPoolArea. When the role is absent, the sgsnPool-SgsnPoolArea shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one sgsnPoolArea DN. | +| sgsnPoolArea-SgsnPool | This role (when present) represents sgsnPoolArea capability to identify one related SgsnPool. When the role is absent, the sgsnPoolArea-SgsnPool shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain one SgsnPool DN. | + +### 6.4.25.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.5 Information attribute definitions + +### 6.5.1 Definition and legal values + +Table 6.5.1 defines the attributes that are present in several information object classes of the present document. + +**Table 6.5.1: Attributes** + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| aucFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| bgFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| bmScFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| bsFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| cbcFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| circuitEndPointSubgroupId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| cgfFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| csMgwFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| defaultMsc | Whether this MSC Server is default CN node in MscPool or not (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.236 [26]).
A value of 0 represents that this MSC Server is not default CN node and a value of 1 represents that it is default CN node. | Type: Integral
numeric value
Range: (0..1) | +| eirFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| gbLinkId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| gcaList | List of Group Call Area (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [19]). | | +| ggsnFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| gmlcFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| gmscFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| gmscServerFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| hlrFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| iubclinkId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| iucslinkId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| iupslinkId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| iwfFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| lacList | List of Location Area Codes (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [19]). | | +| mccList | List of Mobile Country Codes, MCC (part of the PLMN Id, Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [19]). | | +| mncList | List of Mobile Network Codes, MNC (part of the PLMN Id, Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [19]). | | +| mnpSrfFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| mscId | Unique MSC ID (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]). | | +| mscServerFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| npdbFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| nriList | NRI shall be part of the TMSI. The NRI has a configurable length of 0 to 10 bits. (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [19]). | | +| objectClass | An attribute inherited from generic NRM link [16] | | +| objectInstance | An attribute inherited from generic NRM link [16] | | +| plMNIdList | It is a list of PLMN-Id, PLMN-Id= Mobile Country Codes (MCC) Mobile Network Codes(MNC) (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003[14])

The MscPoolArea.plMNIdList purpose is to identify the PLMNs (related to MscFunction) the Msc Pool is serving.

The MscEuncion.plMNIdList purpose is as following. One operator may have several PLMN Ids and accordingly RAN broadcasts these Ids to enable UEs of different PLMN (i.e. UEs with different MNC in their IMSIs) to access its network. If CN node does not know this PLMN list, UEs of different PLMN than the one combined in Msc might be treated as UEs from other operators. This will affect Location Update and Inter-Msc handover procedures, and also the changing rate. | | +| proceduralStatus | It indicates the procedural status of the object instance. This attribute provides a subset of capabilities of procedural status defined in [20].
There are two cases resulting in a status change to be reported:
  • Case 1: A notification may be generated to indicate that restart procedure is about to begin or has just begun but has not finished. - the value for this attribute indicates original state == "notInitialized" and new state == "initializing".
  • Case 2: A notification shall be generated to indicate that restart procedure has completed successfully - the value for this attribute indicates original state == "initializing" to new state == "" (empty set).
| Subset of definitions from [20]:
"notInitialized",
"initializing",
"" (empty set) | +| racList | List of Routeing Area Codes covered by MSC (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [19]). | | +| sacList | List of Service Area Codes covered by MSC (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [19]). | | +| scfFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| sgsnFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| sgsnId | Unique SGSN ID (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]). | | +| sgwFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| sm1cFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| smsGmscFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| smsIwmscFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| srfFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| ssfFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| userLabel | A user-friendly (and user assigned) name of the associated IOC. Inherited from ManagedFunction. | | +| vlrFunctionId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC.
This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | + +## 6.5.2 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.6 Particular information configurations + +Not applicable. + +## 6.7 Common notifications + +This subclause presents a list of notifications that can be referred to by any IOC defined by this IRP specification. These notifications are only applicable to IOCs referring to this subclause. + +### Notifications + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|--------------------------------|----------------------------------------|-------| +| notifyAckStateChanged | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [5]) | | +| notifyAlarmListRebuilt | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [5]) | | +| notifyChangedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [5]) | | +| notifyClearedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [5]) | | +| notifyComments | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [5]) | | +| notifyNewAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [5]) | | +| notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [5]) | | +| notifyAttributeValueChange | See Kernel CM IRP (3GPP TS 32.662 [3]) | | +| notifyObjectCreation | See Kernel CM IRP (3GPP TS 32.662 [3]) | | +| notifyObjectDeletion | See Kernel CM IRP (3GPP TS 32.662 [3]) | | + +## Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-----------|---------------|----------|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Dec 2006 | SA_3
4 | SP-
060731 | 002
6 | -- | Move IMS part to new IMS NRM (32.732) | C | 6.6.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Jan 2007 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Editorial: Re-inserted deleted Figure 6.2.1.3: Void to keep original numbering | -- | 7.0.0 | 7.0.1 | +| Mar 2007 | SA_3
5 | SP-
070047 | 002
7 | -- | Removing links to IMS NRM | F | 7.0.1 | 7.1.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_3
6 | SP-
070277 | 002
9 | -- | Add the BmScFunction to the CN NRM - Needed for the TraceIRP | B | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| Dec 2007 | SA_3
8 | SP-
070740 | 003
0 | -- | Correct description of common notifications - Align with 32.151 IRP IS Template | F | 7.2.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Jun 2008 | SA_4
0 | SP-
080328 | 003
2 | -- | Add definition of IOC CircuitEndPointSubgroup - Align with 32.407 | A | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version | -- | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA_4
7 | SP-
100038 | 003
3 | -- | Addition of HNBGW relationship attributions in CN NRM | B | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SA_4
8 | SP-
100412 | 003
4 | -- | Add missing attribute connectedHNBGW to lupsLink | F | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SA_4
9 | SP-
100489 | 003
5 | -- | Addition of MscPool information object class | | 9.2.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SA_4
9 | SP-
100489 | 003
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rules..... | 11 | +| 5 Modelling approach ..... | 11 | +| 6 Information Object Classes..... | 12 | +| 6.1 Information entities imported and local labels..... | 12 | +| 6.2 Class diagram..... | 13 | +| 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships ..... | 13 | +| 6.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 17 | +| 6.3 Information object class definitions ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.1 RncFunction..... | 18 | +| 6.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.1.3 Notifications..... | 18 | +| 6.3.2 NodeBFunction..... | 19 | +| 6.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.2.2 Attributes ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.2.3 Notifications..... | 19 | +| 6.3.3 Void..... | 19 | +| 6.3.4 IubLink ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.4.1 Definition ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.4.2 Attributes ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.4.3 Notifications..... | 20 | +| 6.3.5 UtranRelation ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.5.1 Definition ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.5.2 Attributes ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.5.3 Attribute constraints..... | 21 | +| 6.3.5.4 Notifications..... | 21 | +| 6.3.6 Void ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.7 Void ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.8 ExternalRncFunction..... | 22 | +| 6.3.8.1 Definition ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.8.2 Attributes ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.8.3 Notifications..... | 22 | +| 6.3.9 UtranGenericCell..... | 23 | +| 6.3.9.1 Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.9.2 Attributes ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.9.3 Attribute Constraints..... | 24 | +| 6.3.9.4 Notifications..... | 24 | +| 6.3.10 ExternalUtranGenericCell..... | 25 | +| 6.3.10.1 Definition ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.10.2 Attributes ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.10.3 Attribute Constraints..... | 25 | +| 6.3.10.4 Notifications..... | 25 | +| 6.3.11 UtranCellFDD ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.11.1 Definition ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.11.2 Attributes ..... | 26 | + +| | | | +|----------|----------------------------------------------|----| +| 6.3.11.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 26 | +| 6.3.12 | UtranCellTDD ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.12.1 | Definition ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.12.2 | Attributes ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.12.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 27 | +| 6.3.13 | UtranCellTDDLcr ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.13.1 | Definition ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.13.2 | Attributes ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.13.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14 | UtranCellTDDHcr ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14.1 | Definition ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14.2 | Attributes ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 27 | +| 6.3.15 | ExternalUtranCellFDD ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.15.1 | Definition ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.15.2 | Attributes ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.15.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 28 | +| 6.3.16 | ExternalUtranCellTDD ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.16.1 | Definition ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.16.2 | Attributes ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.16.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 28 | +| 6.3.17 | ExternalUtranCellTDDHcr ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.17.1 | Definition ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.17.2 | Attributes ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.17.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 29 | +| 6.3.18 | ExternalUtranCellTDDLcr ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.18.1 | Definition ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.18.2 | Attributes ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.18.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 29 | +| 6.3.19 | Void ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.20 | EP_IuCS ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.20.1 | Definition ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.20.2 | Attributes ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.20.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 30 | +| 6.3.20.4 | Notifications..... | 30 | +| 6.3.21 | EP_IuPS ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.21.1 | Definition ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.21.2 | Attributes ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.21.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 30 | +| 6.3.21.4 | Notifications..... | 30 | +| 6.3.22 | EP_Iur..... | 30 | +| 6.3.22.1 | Definition ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.22.2 | Attributes ..... | 31 | +| 6.3.22.3 | Attribute Constraints..... | 31 | +| 6.3.22.4 | Notifications..... | 31 | +| 6.4 | Information relationship definitions ..... | 32 | +| 6.4.1 | ConnectedTo (M)..... | 32 | +| 6.4.1.1 | Definition ..... | 32 | +| 6.4.1.2 | Roles ..... | 32 | +| 6.4.1.3 | Constraints ..... | 32 | +| 6.4.2 | AssociatedWith (M) ..... | 33 | +| 6.4.2.1 | Definition ..... | 33 | +| 6.4.2.2 | Roles ..... | 33 | +| 6.4.2.3 | Constraints ..... | 33 | +| 6.4.3 | ExternalUtranNeighbourCellRelation (M) ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.3.1 | Definition ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.3.2 | Roles ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.3.3 | Constraints ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.4 | UtranNeighbourCellRelation (M)..... | 35 | +| 6.4.4.1 | Definition ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.4.2 | Roles ..... | 35 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 6.4.4.3 | Constraints ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.5 | AssociatedWith1 (M)..... | 36 | +| 6.4.5.1 | Definition ..... | 36 | +| 6.4.5.2 | Roles ..... | 36 | +| 6.4.5.3 | Constraints ..... | 36 | +| 6.4.6 | Void ..... | 37 | +| 6.4.7 | ExternalRncUtranCellRelation (O) ..... | 37 | +| 6.4.7.1 | Definition ..... | 37 | +| 6.4.7.2 | Roles ..... | 37 | +| 6.4.8 | Void ..... | 37 | +| 6.4.8.3 | Constraints ..... | 37 | +| 6.4.9 | ConnectedTo1 (O) ..... | 37 | +| 6.4.9.1 | Definition ..... | 37 | +| 6.4.9.2 | Roles ..... | 37 | +| 6.4.9.3 | Constraints ..... | 38 | +| 6.4.10 | ConnectedTo2 (O) ..... | 38 | +| 6.4.10.1 | Definition ..... | 38 | +| 6.4.10.2 | Roles ..... | 38 | +| 6.4.10.3 | Constraints ..... | 38 | +| 6.5 | Information attribute definitions ..... | 39 | +| 6.5.1 | Definition and legal values ..... | 39 | +| 6.5.2 | Constraints ..... | 44 | +| 6.6 | Void..... | 44 | +| 6.7 | Common Notifications ..... | 44 | +| 6.7.1 | Alarm and configuration notifications..... | 44 | +| 6.7.2 | Configuration notifications..... | 45 | +| Annex A (informative): | Void..... | 46 | +| Annex B (informative): | RET Control Architecture..... | 47 | +| Annex C (informative): | Change history..... | 48 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +32.641: "Configuration Management (CM); UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements". + +**32.642: "Configuration Management (CM); UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Network Resource Model (NRM)".** + +32.646: "Configuration Management (CM); UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources, and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +CM, in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the NEs and Network Resources, and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the OSs or NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the UTRAN network resource information that can be communicated between an IRP Agent and one or several IRP Managers for network management purposes. + +The present document specifies the semantics and behaviour of information object class attributes and relations visible across the reference point in a protocol and technology neutral way. It does not define their syntax and encoding. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". +- [4] 3GPP TS 25.401: "UTRAN Overall Description". +- [5] 3GPP TS 25.433: "UTRAN Iub Interface NBAP Signalling". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.652: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [7] Void. +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.672: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); State Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [9] 3GPP TS 25.331: "Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification". +- [10] Void. +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [12] Void. +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [15] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network Architecture". +- [16] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [17] Void. +- [18] Void. + +- [19] Void. +- [20] Void. +- [21] 3GPP TS 25.466: "UTRAN Iuant interface: Application Part". +- [22] Void. +- [23] 3GPP TS 25.413: "UTRAN Iu interface RANAP signalling". +- [24] 3GPP TS 32.792: "Generic Radio Access Network (RAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS) ". +- [25] 3GPP TS 32.422: "Telecommunication management; Subscriber and equipment trace; Trace control and configuration management". +- [26] 3GPP TS 32.762: "Telecommunication management; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [27] 3GPP TS 32.522: "Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [28] 3GPP TS 25.423: "UTRAN Iur interface Radio Network Subsystem Application Part (RNSAP) signalling". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. For terms and definitions not found here, please refer to 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2] and 3GPP TS 32.600 [14]. + +**Antenna:** Within the present document an Antenna is the set of radiating elements involved in the transmission and reception of Radio Frequency energy to support the Uu interface of a UTRAN cell. See Annex B for more detail. + +**Association:** In general it is used to model relationships between Managed Objects. Associations can be implemented in several ways, such as: + +- 1) name bindings, +- 2) reference attributes, and +- 3) association objects. + +This IRP stipulates that containment associations shall be expressed through name bindings, but it does not stipulate the implementation for other types of associations as a general rule. These are specified as separate entities in the object models (UML diagrams). + +**Managed Element (ME):** An instance of the Information Object Class ManagedElement defined in TS 32.622 [16]. + +**Managed Object (MO):** In the context of the present document, a Managed Object (MO) is a software object that encapsulates the manageable characteristics and behaviour of a particular Network Resource. The MO is instance of a MO class defined in a MIM/NRM. This class, called **Information Object Class (IOC)** has attributes that provide information used to characterize the objects that belong to the class (the term "attribute" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "property" according to CIM). Furthermore, the IOC can have operations that represent the behaviour relevant for that class (the term "operation" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "method" according to CIM). The IOC may support the emission of notifications that provide information about an event occurrence within a network resource. + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** Also referred to as NRM – see the definition below. + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** A model representing the actual managed telecommunications network resources that a System is providing through the subject IRP. An NRM identifies and describes the IOCs, their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above), which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +**Node B:** A logical node responsible for radio transmission/reception in one or more cells to/from the User Equipment. It terminates the Iub interface towards the RNC. + +**TMA Subunit:** See TS 25.466 [21]. + +**Tower Mounted Amplifier:** See TS 25.466 [21]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| CIM | Common Information Model | +| CN | Core Network | +| DN | Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [13]) | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FDD | Frequency Division Duplex | +| FM | Fault Management | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRAT | Inter-RAT (Radio Access Technology) | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| Iub | Interface between RNC and Node B | +| Mcps | Mega-chips per second | +| ME | Managed Element | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MO | Managed Object | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NR | Neighbour cell Relation | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| PM | Performance Management | +| PS | Packet Switched | +| RDN | Relative Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [13]) | +| RET | Remote control of Electrical Tilting (RET) antenna | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| TDD | Time Division Duplex | +| TMA | Tower Mounted Amplifier | +| TMN | Telecommunications Management Network | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRA | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | + +# --- 4 System overview + +## 4.1 Void + +## 4.2 Compliance rules + +The following defines the meaning of Mandatory and Optional IOC attributes and associations between IOCs, in Solution Sets to the IRP defined by the present document: + +- The IRPManager shall support all mandatory attributes/associations. The IRPManager shall be prepared to receive information related to mandatory as well as optional attributes/associations without failure; however the IRPManager does not have to support handling of the optional attributes/associations. +- The IRPAgent shall support all mandatory attributes/associations. It may support optional attributes/associations. + +An IRPAgent that incorporates vendor-specific extensions shall support normal communication with a 3GPP SA5-compliant IRPManager with respect to all Mandatory and Optional information object classes, attributes and associations without requiring the IRPManager to have any knowledge of the extensions. + +Given that + +- rules for vendor-specific extensions remain to be fully specified, and +- many scenarios under which IRPManager and IRPAgent interwork may exist, + +it is recognised that the IRPManager, even though it is not required to have knowledge of vendor-specific extensions, may be required to be implemented with an awareness that extensions can exist and behave accordingly. + +# --- 5 Modelling approach + +The modelling approach adopted and used in this IRP is described in TS 32.622 [16]. + +# 6 Information Object Classes + +## 6.1 Information entities imported and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|---------------------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [16], IOC, ManagedElement | ManagedElement | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [16], IOC, ManagedFunction | ManagedFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [16], IOC, MeContext | MeContext | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [16], IOC, SubNetwork | SubNetwork | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [16], IOC, Top | Top | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [16], IOC, VsDataContainer | VsDataContainer | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [16], IOC, EP_RP | EP_RP | +| 3GPP TS 32.652 [6], IOC, GsmRelation | GsmRelation | +| 3GPP TS 32.672 [8], attribute, operationalState | operationalState | +| 3GPP TS 32.792 [24], IOC, AntennaFunction | AntennaFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.792 [24], IOC, TmaFunction | TmaFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.792 [24], IOC, SectorEquipmentFunction | SectorEquipmentFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.762 [26], attribute, EUtranRelation | EUtranRelation | +| 3GPP TS 32.522 [27], IOC, EnergySavingProperties | EnergySavingProperties | + +## 6.2 Class diagram + +### 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This clause depicts the set of IOC that encapsulate information relevant for this service. This clause provides the overview of all information object classes in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these information object classes. + +The following figures show the containment/naming hierarchy and the associations of the information object classes defined in the present document. They are split in several figures only for a readability purpose. + +![Figure 6.2.1.1: Transport view UTRAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram. This UML class diagram shows the relationships between several Information Object Classes (IOCs). At the top is ManagedElement (from 32.622). It has two outgoing associations labeled '<>' to RncFunction and NodeBFunction, both with a 1:0..1 cardinality. RncFunction has outgoing associations labeled '<>' to EP_IuPS (1:0..n) and EP_IuCS (1:0..n). NodeBFunction has an association labeled 'ConnectedTo' to IubLink (0..1:0..1) with role names '+nodeBFunction-IubLink' and '+IubLink-nodeBFunction'. IubLink has an association labeled 'AssociatedWith' to UtranGenericCell (0..1:0..n) with role name '+iubLink-UtranCell'. UtranGenericCell has outgoing associations labeled '<>' to EP_IuPS (0..n:0..n) and EP_IuCS (0..n:0..n). AntennaFunction (from 32.792) has an association labeled 'SectorEquipment- AntennaRelation' to SectorEquipmentFunction (from 32.792) (0..n:1) with role name '+relatedAntennaList'. SectorEquipmentFunction has an association labeled 'SectorEquipment- TmaRelation' to TmaFunction (from 32.792) (1..n:0..n) with role name '+relatedTmaList'. There are three associations from UtranGenericCell to AntennaFunction, SectorEquipmentFunction, and TmaFunction, labeled 'EUtranCell- AntennaRelation', 'EUtranCell- SectorRelation', and 'EUtranCell- TmaRelation' respectively. These associations have role names '+relatedCellList' and '+relatedSectorEquipment' and '+relatedTmaList'. There are also role names '+relatedAntennaList', '+relatedSectorEquipment', and '+relatedTmaList' on the AntennaFunction, SectorEquipmentFunction, and TmaFunction sides of these associations. There are {XOR} constraints on the associations to AntennaFunction, SectorEquipmentFunction, and TmaFunction.](3ad00ce93ad9dea9ee0f47535e5355e6_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedElement { + <> + (from 32.622) + } + class RncFunction { + <> + } + class NodeBFunction { + <> + } + class IubLink { + <> + } + class UtranGenericCell { + <> + } + class EP_IuPS { + <> + } + class EP_IuCS { + <> + } + class AntennaFunction { + <> + (from 32.792) + } + class SectorEquipmentFunction { + <> + (from 32.792) + } + class TmaFunction { + <> + (from 32.792) + } + + ManagedElement "1" -- "0..1" RncFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" -- "0..1" NodeBFunction : <> + RncFunction "1" -- "0..n" EP_IuPS : <> + RncFunction "1" -- "0..n" EP_IuCS : <> + NodeBFunction "0..1" -- "0..1" IubLink : ConnectedTo + IubLink "0..1" -- "0..n" UtranGenericCell : AssociatedWith + UtranGenericCell "0..n" -- "0..n" EP_IuPS : <> + UtranGenericCell "0..n" -- "0..n" EP_IuCS : <> + AntennaFunction "0..n" -- "1" SectorEquipmentFunction : SectorEquipment- AntennaRelation + SectorEquipmentFunction "1..n" -- "0..n" TmaFunction : SectorEquipment- TmaRelation + UtranGenericCell "0..n" -- "0..n" AntennaFunction : EUtranCell- AntennaRelation + UtranGenericCell "0..n" -- "0..1" SectorEquipmentFunction : EUtranCell- SectorRelation + UtranGenericCell "0..n" -- "0..n" TmaFunction : EUtranCell- TmaRelation + +``` + +Figure 6.2.1.1: Transport view UTRAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram. This UML class diagram shows the relationships between several Information Object Classes (IOCs). At the top is ManagedElement (from 32.622). It has two outgoing associations labeled '<>' to RncFunction and NodeBFunction, both with a 1:0..1 cardinality. RncFunction has outgoing associations labeled '<>' to EP\_IuPS (1:0..n) and EP\_IuCS (1:0..n). NodeBFunction has an association labeled 'ConnectedTo' to IubLink (0..1:0..1) with role names '+nodeBFunction-IubLink' and '+IubLink-nodeBFunction'. IubLink has an association labeled 'AssociatedWith' to UtranGenericCell (0..1:0..n) with role name '+iubLink-UtranCell'. UtranGenericCell has outgoing associations labeled '<>' to EP\_IuPS (0..n:0..n) and EP\_IuCS (0..n:0..n). AntennaFunction (from 32.792) has an association labeled 'SectorEquipment- AntennaRelation' to SectorEquipmentFunction (from 32.792) (0..n:1) with role name '+relatedAntennaList'. SectorEquipmentFunction has an association labeled 'SectorEquipment- TmaRelation' to TmaFunction (from 32.792) (1..n:0..n) with role name '+relatedTmaList'. There are three associations from UtranGenericCell to AntennaFunction, SectorEquipmentFunction, and TmaFunction, labeled 'EUtranCell- AntennaRelation', 'EUtranCell- SectorRelation', and 'EUtranCell- TmaRelation' respectively. These associations have role names '+relatedCellList' and '+relatedSectorEquipment' and '+relatedTmaList'. There are also role names '+relatedAntennaList', '+relatedSectorEquipment', and '+relatedTmaList' on the AntennaFunction, SectorEquipmentFunction, and TmaFunction sides of these associations. There are {XOR} constraints on the associations to AntennaFunction, SectorEquipmentFunction, and TmaFunction. + +NOTE 1: The listed cardinality numbers, in particular the use of cardinality number zero, do not represent transient states. The transient state is considered an inherent property of all IOC instances and therefore there is no need to represent them by individual IOC cardinality numbers. + +NOTE 2: The IOC AntennaFunction is required when supporting RET. For a description and clarification of RET, please refer to Annex B. + +NOTE 3: The instances of the AntennaFunction associated with a particular instance of NodeBFunction shall be contained by the same ManagedElement instance. + +NOTE 4: The instances of the TmaFunction associated with a particular instance of NodeBFunction shall be contained by the same ManagedElement instance. + +NOTE 5: Please see TS 32.792 [24] for the definitions of the associations EUtranCell- AntennaRelation, EUtranCell- SectorRelation, EUtranCell- TmaRelation, SectorEquipment- AntennaRelation and SectorEquipment- TmaRelation. + +Figure 6.2.1.1: Transport view UTRAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram + +![Cell view UTRAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class SubNetwork["<> SubNetwork (from TS 32.622)"] + class ManagedElement["<> ManagedElement (from TS 32.622)"] + class ExternalRncFunction["<> ExternalRncFunction"] + class RncFunction["<> RncFunction"] + class GsmRelation["<> GsmRelation (from TS 32.652)"] + class UtranGenericCell["<> UtranGenericCell"] + class ExternalUtranGenericCell["<> ExternalUtranGenericCell"] + class E UtranRelation["<> E UtranRelation (from TS 32.762)"] + class UtranRelation1["<> UtranRelation"] + class UtranRelation2["<> UtranRelation"] + + SubNetwork "1" *-- "0..n" ExternalRncFunction : <> + SubNetwork "1" *-- "0..n" ExternalUtranGenericCell : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..1" RncFunction : <> + RncFunction "1" *-- "0..n" UtranGenericCell : <> + GsmRelation "0..n" --> UtranGenericCell : <> + UtranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..n" E UtranRelation : <> + UtranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..n" UtranRelation1 : +utranRelation-UtranCell + UtranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..n" UtranRelation2 : <> + ExternalRncFunction "0..1" --> "1" ExternalUtranGenericCell : +controllingRnc + ExternalRncFunction "0..1" --> "0..n" ExternalUtranGenericCell : +controlledCellList + ExternalRncFunction "0..1" --> "0..n" UtranRelation1 : <> + ExternalUtranGenericCell "0..n" --> "0..1" UtranRelation1 : +utranRelation-ExternalUtranCell + ExternalUtranGenericCell "0..n" --> "0..n" UtranRelation2 : <> + +``` + +Cell view UTRAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram + +NOTE 1: The listed cardinality numbers, in particular the use of cardinality number zero, do not represent transient states. The transient state is considered an inherent property of all IOC instances and therefore there is no need to represent them by individual IOC cardinality numbers. + +NOTE 2: The relation between GsmRelation and GsmCell is optional. It may be present if both the UtranGenericCell and the GsmCell are managed by the same management node. + +NOTE 3: The UtranRelation and GsmRelation can be name-contained under IOCs defined in other NRM. + +NOTE 4: ExternalUtranGenericCell is contained under SubNetwork or ExternalRncFunction. + +Figure 6.2.1.2: Cell view UTRAN NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram + +![UML Class Diagram showing UtranRelation and VsDataContainer containment and naming relationships.](7efae06af3af43ffe5d4b956a679cf54_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class UtranRelation { + <> + UtranRelation + } + class VsDataContainer { + <> + VsDataContainer (from 32.622) + } + UtranRelation "1" *-- "0..n" VsDataContainer : <> + VsDataContainer "1" *-- "0..n" VsDataContainer : <> + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing UtranRelation and VsDataContainer containment and naming relationships. + +NOTE 1: The listed cardinality numbers, in particular the use of cardinality number zero, do not represent transient states. The transient state is considered an inherent property of all IOC instances and therefore there is no need to represent them by individual IOC cardinality numbers. + +NOTE 2: Each instance of the *VsDataContainer* shall only be contained under one IOC. +The *VsDataContainer* can be contained under IOCs defined in other NRMs. + +**Figure 6.2.1.3: VsDataContainer Containment/Naming and Association in UTRAN NRM diagram** + +![UML Class Diagram showing UTRAN Transport Network NRM Containment/Naming and Association including ManagedElement, TransportNetworkInterface, ATMChannelTerminationPoint, RncFunction, IubLink, and NodeBFunction.](bffdddb47fced140f8d17fdc2a29f592_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedElement { + <> + ManagedElement (from 32.622) + } + class TransportNetworkInterface { + <> + TransportNetworkInterface (from 32.712) + } + class ATMChannelTerminationPoint { + <> + ATMChannelTerminationPoint (from 32.712) + } + class RncFunction { + <> + RncFunction + } + class IubLink { + <> + IubLink + } + class NodeBFunction { + <> + NodeBFunction + } + + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..*" TransportNetworkInterface + TransportNetworkInterface "1" *-- "0..*" ATMChannelTerminationPoint + RncFunction "0..1" -- "0..n" ATMChannelTerminationPoint : +iubLink-aTMChannelTerminationPoint AssociatedWith1 + RncFunction "1" *-- "0..n" IubLink + IubLink "0..1" -- "0..n" ATMChannelTerminationPoint : +aTMChannelTerminationPoint-iubLink ConnectedTo + IubLink "0..1" -- "0..1" NodeBFunction : +iubLink-nodeBFunction +nodeBFunction-iubLink + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing UTRAN Transport Network NRM Containment/Naming and Association including ManagedElement, TransportNetworkInterface, ATMChannelTerminationPoint, RncFunction, IubLink, and NodeBFunction. + +NOTE 1: The *ATMChannelTerminationPoint* is name-contained under IOCs defined in the Transport Network NRM. + +NOTE 2: The group of *ATMChannelTerminationPoints* associated with an *IubLink* (the relation *AssociatedWith1*) represent the RNC end of the ATM Virtual Channel Connections (transport connection) between an RNC and a NodeB. + +NOTE 3: An *ATMChannelTerminationPoint* can be associated with more than one *IubLink* for the case of AAL2 multiplexing/swithcing. +I.e. to allow an ATM Channel at the RNC to be connected to multiple NodeBs. + +**Figure 6.2.1.4: UTRAN Transport Network NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram** + +The *VsDataContainer* is only used for the Bulk CM IRP. + +Each IOC is identified with a Distinguished Name (DN) according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [13] that expresses its containment hierarchy. As an example, the DN of an IOC instance representing a cell could have a format like: + +SubNetwork=Sweden, MeContext=MEC-Gbg-1, ManagedElement=RNC-Gbg-1, RncFunction=RF-1, UtranCell=Gbg-1. + +![UML Class Diagram showing containment and association relationships between RncFunction, EP_lur, and BssFunction.](a83ba9e3e2c1e21dd69953a7b09e45b4_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class RncFunction + class EP_lur + class BssFunction { + <> + BssFunction + (from 32.652) + } + + RncFunction "1" *-- "0..n" EP_lur : ConnectedTo2 + EP_lur "0..n" -- "0..1" BssFunction : +ConnectedRncId +``` + +The diagram illustrates three classes: **RncFunction**, **EP\_lur**, and **BssFunction** (from 32.652). **RncFunction** has a containment relationship with **EP\_lur** (multiplicity 1 to 0..n), labeled **ConnectedTo2**. **EP\_lur** has an association with **BssFunction** (multiplicity 0..n to 0..1), labeled **+ConnectedRncId** and **ConnectedTo1**. + +UML Class Diagram showing containment and association relationships between RncFunction, EP\_lur, and BssFunction. + +Figure 6.2.1.5: EP\_lur Containment/Naming and Association diagram + +![UML Class Diagram showing containment relationship between UtranGenericCell and EnergySavingProperties.](cb4cfa42ce34febde7bdb882f3fc3094_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class UtranGenericCell + class EnergySavingProperties { + <> + EnergySavingProperties + (from 32.522) + } + + UtranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..1" EnergySavingProperties : <> +``` + +The diagram illustrates two classes: **UtranGenericCell** and **EnergySavingProperties** (from 32.522). **UtranGenericCell** has a containment relationship with **EnergySavingProperties** (multiplicity 1 to 0..1), labeled **<>**. + +UML Class Diagram showing containment relationship between UtranGenericCell and EnergySavingProperties. + +Figure 6.2.1.6: Energy Saving view of UTRAN NRM + +### 6.2.2 Inheritance + +This clause depicts the inheritance relationships that exist between IOCs. + +Figure 6.2.2.1 shows the inheritance hierarchy for the UTRAN NRM. + +![UTRAN NRM Inheritance Hierarchy diagram](21ad58fee90f2be50708ff541d225507_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; EP_IuCS[<> EP_IuCS] --|> EP_RP[<> EP_RP (from 32.622)]; EP_IuPS[<> EP_IuPS] --|> EP_RP; EP_Iur[<> EP_Iur] --|> EP_RP; UtranRelation[<> UtranRelation] --|> TOP[<> TOP (from 32.622)]; TOP --|> EP_RP; ManagedFunction[<> ManagedFunction (from 32.622)] --|> TOP; NodeBFfunction[<> NodeBFfunction] --|> ManagedFunction; RncFunction[<> RncFunction] --|> ManagedFunction; IubLink[<> IubLink] --|> ManagedFunction; UtranGenericCell[<> UtranGenericCell] --|> ManagedFunction; ExternalUtranGenericCell[<> ExternalUtranGenericCell] --|> ManagedFunction; ExternalRncFunction[<> ExternalRncFunction] --|> ManagedFunction; UtranCellFDD[<> UtranCellFDD] --|> UtranGenericCell; UtranCellTDD[<> UtranCellTDD] --|> UtranGenericCell; ExternalUtranCellFDD[<> ExternalUtranCellFDD] --|> ExternalUtranGenericCell; ExternalUtranCellTDD[<> ExternalUtranCellTDD] --|> ExternalUtranGenericCell; UtranCellTDDHcr[<> UtranCellTDDHcr] --|> UtranCellTDD; UtranCellTDDLcr[<> UtranCellTDDLcr] --|> UtranCellTDD; ExternalUtranCellTDDHcr[<> ExternalUtranCellTDDHcr] --|> ExternalUtranCellTDD; ExternalUtranCellTDDLcr[<> ExternalUtranCellTDDLcr] --|> ExternalUtranCellTDD; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the inheritance hierarchy for the UTRAN NRM. At the top level, **EP\_RP** (from 32.622) is the base class for **EP\_IuCS**, **EP\_IuPS**, and **EP\_Iur**. Below **EP\_RP** is **TOP** (from 32.622), which is inherited by **UtranRelation** and **ManagedFunction** (from 32.622). **ManagedFunction** is further inherited by **NodeBFfunction**, **RncFunction**, **IubLink**, **UtranGenericCell**, **ExternalUtranGenericCell**, and **ExternalRncFunction**. **UtranGenericCell** is inherited by **UtranCellFDD** and **UtranCellTDD**. **ExternalUtranGenericCell** is inherited by **ExternalUtranCellFDD** and **ExternalUtranCellTDD**. Finally, **UtranCellTDD** is inherited by **UtranCellTDDHcr** and **UtranCellTDDLcr**, and **ExternalUtranCellTDD** is inherited by **ExternalUtranCellTDDHcr** and **ExternalUtranCellTDDLcr**. + +UTRAN NRM Inheritance Hierarchy diagram + +Figure 6.2.2.1: UTRAN NRM Inheritance Hierarchy + +## 6.3 Information object class definitions + +### 6.3.1 RncFunction + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +This IOC represents RNC functionality. For more information about the RNC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of RncFunction** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| intraANRSwitch | CM | M | M | +| iRATANRSwitch | CM | M | M | +| mcc | M | M | M | +| mnc | M | M | M | +| rncId | M | M | M | +| siptoSupported | M | M | - | +| tceIDMappingInfoList | CM | M | M | +| sharNetTceMappingInfoList | CM | M | M | + +#### 6.3.1.3 Notifications + +See clause 6.7.1 Alarm and configuration notifications. + +#### 6.3.1.4 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| intraANRSwitch Support Qualifier | The condition is “ANR function is supported”. | +| iRATANRSwitch Support Qualifier | The condition is “ANR function is supported”. | +| tceIDMappingInfoList | The condition is “MDT function is supported” | +| sharNetTceMappingInfoList | The condition is “MDT function and when several PLMNs are supported” | + +### 6.3.2 NodeBFunction + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +This IOC represents Node B functionality. For more information about the Node B, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of NodeBFunction** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| nodeBFunction-IubLink | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.2.3 Notifications + +See clause 6.7.1 Alarm and configuration notifications. + +### 6.3.3 Void + +### 6.3.4 IubLink + +#### 6.3.4.1 Definition + +This IOC represents the logical link to a Node B as seen from the RNC. For more information about the RNC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.4.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of IubLink** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| iubLink-UtranCell | M | M | M | +| iubLink-NodeBFunction | M | M | - | +| iubLink-ATMChannelTerminationPoint | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.4.3 Notifications + +See clause 6.7.1 Alarm and configuration notifications. + +### 6.3.5 UtranRelation + +#### 6.3.5.1 Definition + +The `UtranRelation` IOC contains radio network related parameters for the NR from a source cell to an `UtranGenericCell` or `ExternalUtranGenericCell` instance. + +The source cell can be an `UtranGenericCell` instance. This is the case for an Intra-UTRAN NR. + +The source cell can be an `EUtranGenericCell` instance. This is the case for an Inter-RAT NR from E-UTRAN to UTRAN. See 3GPP TS 32.762 [26]. + +The source cell can be a `GsmCell` instance. This is the case for an Inter-RAT NR from GERAN to UTRAN. See 3GPP TS 32.652 [6]. + +NRs are unidirectional. + +The `UtranGenericCell` and the `ExternalUtranGenericCell` may be an FDD mode cell, a lcr (low chip rate) 1.28 Mcps TDD mode cell or a hcr (high chip rate) 3.84 (7.68) Mcps TDD mode cell. + +NOTE: In handover relation terms, the cell containing the UTRAN Relation object is the source cell for the handover. The cell referred to in the UTRAN relation object is the target cell for the handover. This defines a one-way handover relation where the direction is *from* source cell *to* target cell. + +#### 6.3.5.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of UtranRelation** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| adjacentCell | M | M | M | +| isRemoveAllowed | CM | M | M | +| isHOAllowed | CM | M | M | +| isESCoveredBy | CM | M | M | + +#### 6.3.5.3 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| isRemoveAllowed Support Qualifier | The condition is "ANR function is supported in the source cell and the source cell is an UtranGenericCell , or Inter-RAT ANR function is supported in the source cell, and the source cell is an EUtranGenericCell ". | +| isHOAllowed Support Qualifier | The condition is "ANR function is supported in the source cell and the source cell is an UtranGenericCell , or Inter-RAT ANR function is supported in the source cell, and the source cell is an EUtranGenericCell ". | +| isESCoveredBy Support Qualifier | The condition is "The source cell is an E-UTRAN cell which supports Inter-RAT Energy Saving". | + +#### 6.3.5.4 Notifications + +See clause 6.7.2 Configuration notifications. + +### 6.3.6 Void + +### 6.3.7 Void + +### 6.3.8 ExternalRncFunction + +#### 6.3.8.1 Definition + +This IOC represents an RNC function controlled by another IRP Agent. For more information about the RNC, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.8.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of ExternalRncFunction** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| mcc | M | M | M | +| mnc | M | M | M | +| rncId | M | M | M | +| controlledCellList | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.8.3 Notifications + +See clause 6.7.2 Configuration notifications. + +### 6.3.9 UtranGenericCell + +#### 6.3.9.1 Definition + +This abstract IOC represents the common properties of radio cells of different types (FDD, TDD) controlled by an RNC. For more information about radio cells, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +The IOC UtranCellFDD and UtranCellTDD (1.28 Mcps TDD mode cell or a 3.84 (7.68) Mcps TDD mode cell) inherit from that abstract IOC. + +The second table lists the additional attributes of UtranGenericCell for the support of State Management. + +#### 6.3.9.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of UtranGenericCell** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| cId | M | M | M | +| localCellId | M | M | M | +| relatedAntennaList | CO | M | M | +| maximumTransmissionPower | M | M | M | +| pichPower | CM | M | O | +| pchPower | CM | M | O | +| fachPower | CM | M | O | +| cellMode | M | M | - | +| lac | M | M | M | +| rac | CM | M | M | +| sac | M | M | M | +| uraList | CM | M | M | +| utranGenericCell-IubLink | M | M | - | +| hsFlag | CM | M | - | +| hsEnable | CM | M | M | +| numOfHspdschs | CM | M | M | +| numOfHsscchs | CM | M | M | +| frameOffset | CO | M | - | +| cellIndividualOffset | CO | M | - | +| hcsPrio | CO | M | - | +| maximumAllowedUltrTxPower | CO | M | - | +| snaInformation | CO | M | - | +| qrxlevMin | CO | M | - | +| deltaQrxlevmin | CO | M | - | +| qhcs | CO | M | - | +| penaltyTime | CO | M | - | +| referenceTimeDifferenceToCell | CO | M | - | +| readSFNIndicator | CO | M | - | +| restrictionStateIndicator | CO | M | - | +| dpcModeChangeSupportIndicator | CO | M | - | +| relatedTmaList | CO | M | - | +| relatedSectorEquipment | CM | M | - | +| isChangeForEnergySavingAllowed | CM | M | M | + +| Attribute Name | Support Qualifier | READ | WRITE | +|----------------------------------------------|-------------------|------|-------| +| operationalState | O | M | - | +| NOTE: No state propagation shall be implied. | | | | + +#### 6.3.9.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| relatedAntennaList and relatedTmaFunction CO support qualifier | The IOC SectorEquipmentFunction (see 32.792 [24]) is not used | +| relatedSectorEquipment CM support qualifier | The IOC SectorEquipmentFunction (see 32.792 [24]) is used | +| rac and uraList CM support qualifier | The PLMN contains a PS CN. | +| hsFlag, hsEnable, numOfHspdschs and numOfHssccchs CM support qualifier | The HSDPA feature is not supported by vendor specific extension mechanisms. | +| pichPower, pchPower and fachPower CM support qualifier | The attributes pichPower, pchPower and fachPower are not supported by vendor specific extension mechanisms. | +| frameOffset, cellIndividualOffset, hcsPrio, maximumAllowedUlTxPower, snaInformation, qrxlevMin, deltaQrxlevMin, qhcs, penaltyTime, referenceTimeDifferenceToCell, readSFNIndicator, restrictionStateIndicator and dpcModeChangeSupportIndicator CO support qualifier | Itf-p2p is supported. | +| isChangeForEnergySavingAllowed CM Support Qualifier | The energy saving functionality is supported and uses distributed architecture. | + +#### 6.3.9.4 Notifications + +See clause 6.7.1 Alarm and configuration notifications. + +### 6.3.10 ExternalUtranGenericCell + +#### 6.3.10.1 Definition + +This abstract IOC represents the properties of a radio cell controlled by another IRP Agent. This IOC contains necessary attributes for inter-system and intra-system handover. It also contains a subset of the attributes of related IOCs controlled by another IRP Agent. The way to maintain consistency between the attribute values of these IOCs is outside the scope of the present document. + +#### 6.3.10.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of ExternalUtranGenericCell** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| cId | M | M | M | +| mcc | M | M | M | +| mnc | M | M | M | +| rncId | M | M | M | +| cellMode | M | M | - | +| lac | M | M | M | +| rac | CM | M | M | +| controllingRnc | O | M | - | +| hsFlag | CM | M | - | +| frameOffset | CO | M | - | +| cellIndividualOffset | CO | M | - | +| hcsPrio | CO | M | - | +| maximumAllowedU1TxPower | CO | M | - | +| qrxlevMin | CO | M | - | +| deltaQrxlevmin | CO | M | - | +| qhcs | CO | M | - | +| penaltyTime | CO | M | - | +| referenceTimeDifferenceToCell | CO | M | - | +| readSFNIndicator | CO | M | - | +| restrictionStateIndicator | CO | M | - | +| dpcModeChangeSupportIndicator | CO | M | - | +| snaInformation | CO | M | - | + +#### 6.3.10.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| rac CM support qualifier | The PLMN contains a PS CN. | +| hsFlag CM support qualifier | The HSDPA feature is not supported by vendor specific extension mechanisms. | +| frameOffset, cellIndividualOffset, hcsPrio, maximumAllowedU1TxPower, qrxlevMin, deltaQrxlevmin, qhcs, penaltyTime, referenceTimeDifferenceToCell, readSFNIndicator, restrictionStateIndicator, dpcModeChangeSupportIndicator and snaInformation CO support qualifier | Itf-p2p is supported. | + +#### 6.3.10.4 Notifications + +See clause 6.7.2 Configuration notifications. + +### 6.3.11 UtranCellFDD + +#### 6.3.11.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a FDD radio cell controlled by an RNC. For more information about radio cells, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.11.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of UtranCellFDD** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| uarfcnUl | O | M | M | +| uarfcnDl | O | M | M | +| primaryScramblingCode | O | M | M | +| primaryCpichPower | O | M | M | +| primarySchPower | O | M | M | +| secondarySchPower | O | M | M | +| bchPower | O | M | M | +| aichPower | O | M | - | +| qqualMin | CO | M | - | +| cellCapabilityContainerFDD | CO | M | - | +| txDiversityIndicator | CO | M | - | +| temporaryOffset1 | CO | M | - | +| temporaryOffset2 | CO | M | - | +| sttdSupportIndicator | CO | M | - | +| closedLoopModelSupportIndicator | CO | M | - | + +#### 6.3.11.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| aichPower CM support qualifier | The attribute aichPower is not supported by vendor specific extension mechanisms. | +| qqualMin, cellCapabilityContainerFDD, txDiversityIndicator, temporaryOffset1, temporaryOffset2, sttdSupportIndicator and closedLoopModelSupportIndicator CO support qualifier | Itf-p2p is supported. | + +### 6.3.12 UtranCellTDD + +#### 6.3.12.1 Definition + +This IOC is an abstract class representing the common properties of TDD high chip rate (hcr) and TDD low chip rate (lcr) radio cells controlled by an RNC. For more information about radio cells, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.12.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of UtranCellTDD** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| uarfcn | O | M | M | +| cellParameterId | O | M | M | +| primaryCcpchPower | O | M | M | +| cellCapabilityContainerTDD | CO | M | - | +| sctdIndicator | CO | M | - | +| dpchConstantValue | CO | M | - | + +#### 6.3.12.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------| +| cellCapabilityContainerTDD, sctdIndicator and dpchConstantValue CO support qualifier | Itf-p2p is supported. | + +### 6.3.13 UtranCellTDDLcr + +#### 6.3.13.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a TDD low chip rate (lcr) radio cell controlled by an RNC. For more information about radio cells, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.13.2 Attributes + +Attributes of UtranCellTDDLcr + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| uarfcnLCRList | O | M | M | +| fpachPower | O | M | O | +| dwPchPower | O | M | M | +| tstdIndicator | CO | M | - | +| timeSlotListLcr | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.13.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------|-----------------------| +| tstdIndicator CO support qualifier | Itf-p2p is supported. | + +### 6.3.14 UtranCellTDDHcr + +#### 6.3.14.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a TDD high chip rate (hcr) radio cell controlled by an RNC. For more information about radio cells, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.14.2 Attributes + +Attributes of UtranCellTDDHcr + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| schPower | O | M | M | +| temporaryOffset1 | CO | M | - | +| syncCase | CO | M | - | +| timeSlotForSch | CO | M | - | +| schTimeSlot | CO | M | - | +| timeSlotListHcr | O | M | M | + +#### 6.3.14.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------| +| temporaryOffset1, syncCase, timeSlotForSch and schTimeSlot CO support qualifier | Itf-p2p is supported. | + +### 6.3.15 ExternalUtranCellFDD + +#### 6.3.15.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a FDD radio cell controlled by another IRP agent. For more information about radio cells, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.15.2 Attributes + +Attributes of ExternalUtranCellFDD + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| uarfcnUl | O | M | M | +| uarfcnDl | O | M | M | +| primaryScramblingCode | O | M | M | +| primaryCpichPower | O | M | M | +| qqualMin | CO | M | - | +| cellCapabilityContainerFDD | CO | M | - | +| txDiversityIndicator | CO | M | - | +| temporaryOffset1 | CO | M | - | +| temporaryOffset2 | CO | M | - | +| sttdSupportIndicator | CO | M | - | +| closedLoopModelSupportIndicator | CO | M | - | + +#### 6.3.15.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------| +| qqualMin,
cellCapabilityContainerFDD,
txDiversityIndicator,
temporaryOffset1,
temporaryOffset2,
sttdSupportIndicator and
closedLoopModelSupportIndicator
CO support qualifier | Itf-p2p is supported. | + +### 6.3.16 ExternalUtranCellTDD + +#### 6.3.16.1 Definition + +This IOC is an abstract class representing the common properties of TDD high chip rate (hcr) and TDD low chip rate (lcr) radio cells controlled by another IRP agent. For more information about radio cells, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.16.2 Attributes + +Attributes of ExternalUtranCellTDD + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| uarfcn | O | M | M | +| cellParameterId | O | M | M | +| primaryCcpchPower | O | O | O | +| cellCapabilityContainerTDD | CO | M | - | +| sctdIndicator | CO | M | - | +| dpchConstantValue | CO | M | - | + +#### 6.3.16.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------| +| cellCapabilityContainerTDD,
sctdIndicator and
dpchConstantValue CO support
qualifier | Itf-p2p is supported. | + +### 6.3.17 ExternalUtranCellTDDHcr + +#### 6.3.17.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a TDD high chip rate (hcr) radio cell controlled by another IRPAGENT. For more information about radio cells, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.17.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of ExternalUtranCellTDDHcr** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| temporaryOffset1 | CO | M | - | +| syncCase | CO | M | - | +| timeSlotForSch | CO | M | - | +| schTimeSlot | CO | M | - | +| timeSlotListHcr | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.17.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------| +| temporaryOffset1, syncCase, timeSlotForSch and schTimeSlot
CO support qualifier | Itf-p2p is supported. | + +### 6.3.18 ExternalUtranCellTDDLcr + +#### 6.3.18.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a TDD low chip rate (lcr) radio cell controlled by another IRPAGENT. For more information about radio cells, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.18.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of ExternalUtranCellTDDLcr** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| tstdIndicator | CO | M | - | +| timeSlotListLcr | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.18.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------|-----------------------| +| tstdIndicator CO support qualifier | Itf-p2p is supported. | + +### 6.3.19 Void + +### 6.3.20 EP\_IuCS + +#### 6.3.20.1 Definition + +This IOC represents an end point of the Iu-CS interface. For more information Iu-CS interface, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.20.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of EP\_IuCS** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| connMscNumber | CO | M | - | + +#### 6.3.20.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------|-------------------------------| +| connMscNumber CO support qualifier | The farEndEntity is supported | + +#### 6.3.20.4 Notifications + +See clause 6.7.1 Alarm and configuration notifications. + +### 6.3.21 EP\_IuPS + +#### 6.3.21.1 Definition + +This IOC represents an end point of the Iu-PS interface. For more information Iu-PS interface, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.21.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of EP\_IuPS** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| connSgsnNumber | CO | M | - | + +#### 6.3.21.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------| +| connSgsnNumber CO support qualifier | The farEndEntity is supported | + +#### 6.3.21.4 Notifications + +See clause 6.7.1 Alarm and configuration notifications. + +### 6.3.22 EP\_Iur + +#### 6.3.22.1 Definition + +This IOC represents an end point of the Iur interface. For more information Iur interface, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [15]. + +#### 6.3.22.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of EP\_Iur** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------|--------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------| +| connectedRncId | CO | M | - | + +#### 6.3.22.3 Attribute Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------| +| connectedRncId CO support qualifier | The farEndEntity is supported | + +#### 6.3.22.4 Notifications + +See clause 6.7.1 Alarm and configuration notifications. + +## 6.4 Information relationship definitions + +### 6.4.1 ConnectedTo (M) + +#### 6.4.1.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relationship between the IubLink and Node B (through the NodeBFunction). + +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The names of the reference attribute and the role are the same. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Roles + +**Roles of the relation ConnectedTo** + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| iubLink-NodeBFunction | This role (when present) represents IubLink capability to identify one NodeBFunction.
When the role is absent, the IubLink.iubLink-NodeBFunction shall contain no information.
When present, it shall contain one NodeBFunction DN. | +| nodeBFunction-IubLink | This role (when present) represents NodeBFunction capability to identify one IubLink.
When the role is absent, the NodeBFunction.nodeBFunction-IubLink shall contain no information.
When present, it shall contain one IubLink DN. | + +#### 6.4.1.3 Constraints + +When a particular IubLink identifies a particular NodeBFunction, that particular NodeBFunction must identify the particular IubLink. + +### 6.4.2 AssociatedWith (M) + +#### 6.4.2.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the IubLink and UtranGenericCell. The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +#### 6.4.2.2 Roles + +**Roles of the relation AssociatedWith** + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| iubLink-UtranCell | This role (when present) represents the IubLink capability to identify the set of related child classes of UtranGenericCell. IubLink.iubLink-UtranCell shall carry the set of DN(s) of the child classes of UtranGenericCell. | +| utranGenericCell-IubLink | This role (when present) represents UtranGenericCell capability to identify one related IubLink.
When the role is absent, the UtranGenericCell.utranGenericCell-IubLink shall contain no information.
When it is present, it shall contain one IubLink DN. | + +#### 6.4.2.3 Constraints + +When a particular IubLink identifies a particular child class of UtranGenericCell, that particular UtranGenericCell must have identified the particular IubLink. + +### 6.4.3 ExternalUtranNeighbourCellRelation (M) + +#### 6.4.3.1 Definition + +This represents a unidirectional relation from UtranRelation to the ExternalUtranGenericCell. The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute, named adjacentCell, of the IOC. + +#### 6.4.3.2 Roles + +**Roles of the relation ExternalUtranNeighbourCellRelation** + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| utranRelation-externalUtranNeighbourCell | This role (when present) represents the UtranRelation capability to identify one child class of ExternalUtranGenericCell. When this role is present, the UtranRelation.adjacentCell shall contain a DN of one child class of ExternalUtranNeighbourCell. | + +#### 6.4.3.3 Constraints + +This role (for a particular UtranRelation) shall be present if the UtranNeighbourCellRelation of this particular UtranRelation is absent. This role shall be absent if the UtranNeighbourCellRelation of this particular UtranRelation is present. + +### 6.4.4 UtranNeighbourCellRelation (M) + +#### 6.4.4.1 Definition + +This represents the unidirectional relation from the `UtranRelation` to `UtranGenericCell`. The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute, named `adjacentCell`, of the IOC. + +#### 6.4.4.2 Roles + +**Roles of the relation `UtranNeighbourCellRelation`** + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| utranRelation-utranNeighbourCell | This role (when present) represents the UtranRelation capability to identify one UtranGenericCell .
When this role is present, the UtranRelation.adjacentCell shall contain one DN of a child class of UtranGenericCell . | + +#### 6.4.4.3 Constraints + +This role (for a particular `UtranRelation`) shall be present if the `ExternalUtranNeighbourCellRelation` of this particular `UtranRelation` is absent. This role shall be absent if the `ExternalUtranNeighbourCellRelation` of this particular `UtranRelation` is present. + +### 6.4.5 AssociatedWith1 (M) + +#### 6.4.5.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the IubLink and ATMChannelTerminationPoint. The roles of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOCs. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +#### 6.4.5.2 Roles + +**Roles of the relation AssociatedWith1** + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| iubLink-ATMChannelTerminationPoint | This role (when present) represents IubLink capability to identify the set of related ATMChannelTerminationPoint. It shall carry the set of ATMChannelTerminationPoint's DN(s). | +| ATMChannelTerminationPoint-IubLink | This role (when present) represents ATMChannelTerminationPoint capability to identify the set of related IubLink(s). When the role is absent, the ATMChannelTerminationPoint-IubLink shall contain no information. When it is present, it shall contain the set of IubLink DN(s). | + +#### 6.4.5.3 Constraints + +When a particular IubLink identifies a particular ATMChannelTerminationPoint, that particular ATMChannelTerminationPoint must have identified the particular IubLink. + +### 6.4.6 Void + +### 6.4.7 ExternalRncUtranCellRelation (O) + +#### 6.4.7.1 Definition + +This represents the bi-directional relation between the `ExternalUtranGenericCell` and `ExternalRncFunction`. The roles of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOCs. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +#### 6.4.7.2 Roles + +**Roles of the relation ExternalRncUtranCellRelation** + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| controllingRnc | This role (when present) represents the ExternalUtranGenericCell capability to identify one related ExternalRncFunction .
When it is present, it shall contain one ExternalRncFunction DN. | +| controlledCellList | This role (when present) represents the ExternalRncFunction capability to identify the set of related child classes of ExternalUtranCell .
When it is present, it shall contain the set of DNs of child classes of ExternalUtranGenericCell . | + +### 6.4.8 Void + +#### 6.4.8.3 Constraints + +When a particular `UtranGenericCell` identifies a particular `TmaFunction`, that particular `TmaFunction` must have identified the particular `UtranGenericCell`. + +### 6.4.9 ConnectedTo1 (O) + +#### 6.4.9.1 Definition + +This represents uni-directional relationship between the `EP_Iur` and RNC. +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +#### 6.4.9.2 Roles + +**Roles of the relation ConnectedTo1** + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedRncId | This role (when present) represents EP_Iur capability to identify one connected RNC.
When present, it shall contain one RNC-Id . | + +#### 6.4.9.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +### 6.4.10 ConnectedTo2 (O) + +#### 6.4.10.1 Definition + +This represents uni-directional relationship between the EP\_Iur and BSC. +The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. + +#### 6.4.10.2 Roles + +##### Roles of the relation ConnectedTo2 + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| connectedRncId | This role (when present) represents EP_Iur capability to identify one connected BSC.
When present, it shall contain one RNC-Id to indentify BSC. ("RNC-Id" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3]). | + +#### 6.4.10.3 Constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------|------------| +| - | - | + +## 6.5 Information attribute definitions + +### 6.5.1 Definition and legal values + +The following table defines the attributes that are present in several Information Object Classes (IOCs) of the present document. + +#### **Attributes** + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| adjacentCell | It carries the DN of the UtranGenericCell or the ExternalUtranGenericCell. | | +| aichPower | The Power of the AICH channel in an FDD cell, "AICH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "AICH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| bchPower | The power of the broadcast channel in the FDD mode cell, "BCH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "DL Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| cellCapabilityContainerFDD | Defined in 3GPP TS 25.423[28]
Each bit indicates whether a cell supports a particular functionality. | BITSTRING(32) | +| cellCapabilityContainerTDD | Defined in 3GPP TS 25.423[28]
Each bit indicates whether a cell supports a particular functionality. | BITSTRING(32) | +| cellIndividualOffset | Defined in 3GPP TS25.331 (25.423). Attribute relevant for HO decision
Used to offset measured quantity value. | See "Cell individual offset" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9]. | +| cellMode | An attribute that identifies the cell mode. | Type: Enumerated value
Range: ("FDD mode",
"1.28McpsTDD mode",
"3.84McpsTDD mode",
"7.68McpsTDD mode") | +| cellParameterId | This attribute identifies unambiguously the TDD mode cell:
3.84 and 7.68 Mcps TDD - Code Groups, Scrambling Codes, Midambles and Toffset, or
1.28 Mcps TDD - SYNC-DL and SYNC-UL sequences, the scrambling codes and the midamble codes.
"Cell Parameter ID" in Ref. TS 25.433 [5] | See "Cell Parameter ID" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| cId | The attribute is the identifier of a cell in one RNC, "C-id" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.401 [4] and "C-ID" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "C-ID" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| closedLoopModelSupportIndicator | Power control, defined in 3GPP TS 25.423[28]
The Closed Loop Mode1 Support Indicator indicates whether the particular cell is capable to support Closed loop mode1 or not. | ENUMERATED | +| connMscNumber | The MSC number of the far end MSC Server connected by the Iu-CS interface for which the end point is modelled, "MSC number" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3] | See "MSC number" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3] | +| connectedRncId | The RNC-Id of the far end RNC or BSC connected by the Iur interface for which the end point is modelled, "RNC-Id" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3] | See "RNC-Id" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3] | +| connSgsnNumber | The SGSN number of the far end SGSN connected by the Iu-PS interface for which the end point is modelled, "SGSN number" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3] | See "SGSN number" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3] | +| deltaQrxlevmin | Cell (re)selection, defined in 3GPP TS25.331
If present, the actual value of Qrxlevmin = Qrxlevmin + DeltaQrxlevmin | See "DeltaQrxlevmin" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9]. | +| dpchConstantValue | DPCH Constant Value is the power margin in dB used by a UE to set the proper uplink power, "DPCH Constant Value" in Ref. TS 25.433 [5]. | See "Constant Value" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| dpcModeChangeSupportIndicator | Power control, defined in 3GPP TS 25.423 [28]
The DPC Mode Change Support Indicator IE indicates that the particular cell is capable to support DPC mode change. | ENUMERATED | +| dwPchPower | DwPCH Power is the power that shall be used for transmitting the DwPCH in a 1.28 Mcps TDD cell, "DwPCH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "DwPCH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| fachPower | The maximum power of the FACH transport channel that may be used in the cell, "Max FACH Power" in Ref 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "DL Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| fpachPower | The maximum power of the FPACH channel that shall be used in TDD cell, "FPACH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "FPACH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| frameOffset | Neighbouring cells monitoring, defined in 3GPP TS 25.423[28]
Frame Offset is the required offset between the dedicated channel downlink transmission frames (CFN, Connection Frame Number) and the broadcast channel frame offset (Cell Frame Number). The Frame Offset is used in the translation between Connection Frame Number (CFN) on Iub/Iur and least significant 8 bits of SFN (System Frame Number) on Uu. The Frame Offset is UE and cell specific. | INTEGER(0..255) | +| hcsPrio | Cell (re)selection for HCS
Defined in Ref. 3GPP TS25.331 [9].
This specifies the HCS priority level (0-7) for serving cell and neighbouring cells.
HCS priority level 0 means lowest priority and HCS priority level 7 means highest priority. | See "HCS_OFF mbms " in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9]. | +| hsEnable | A label indicating whether or not HSDPA is enabled in the UTRAN cell. A value of 0 represents that HSDPA is not enabled and a value of 1 represents that HSDPA is enabled. | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: (0..1) | +| hsFlag | A label indicating whether or not HSDPA is supported in the UTRAN cell. A value of 0 indicates that HSDPA is not supported and a value of 1 indicates that HSDPA is supported. | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: (0..1) | +| id | An attribute whose "name+value" can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the object class. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| isHOAllowed | This indicates if HO is allowed or prohibited.

If 'yes', handover is allowed from source cell to target cell. The source cell is identified by the name-containing UtranGenericCell or EutranGenericCell of the UtranRelation that has the isHOAllowed. The target cell is referenced by the UtranRelation that has this isHOAllowed.

If 'no', handover shall not be allowed. | yes , no | +| isRemoveAllowed | This indicates if the subject UtranRelation can be removed (deleted) or not.

If 'yes', the subject UtranRelation instance can be removed (deleted).

If 'no', the subject UtranRelation instance shall not be removed (deleted) by any entity but an IRPManager. | yes , no | +| intraANRSwitch | This attribute determines whether the intra UTRAN ANR function is activated or deactivated.

If "on", the intra UTRAN ANR function may add or remove Intra-UTRAN Neighbour Relations, i.e. add or remove UtranRelation instances from UtranGenericCells of this RncFunction.
If "off", the intra UTRAN ANR function must not add or remove Intra-UTRAN Neighbour Relations, i.e. add or remove UtranRelation instances from UtranGenericCells of this RncFunction. | on, off | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| iRATANRSwitch | This attribute determines whether the IRAT ANR function is activated or deactivated.

If "on", the IRAT ANR function may add or remove IRAT Neighbour Relations, i.e. add or remove EUTranRelation or GsmRelation instances from UtranGenericCells of this RncFunction.
If "off", the IRAT ANR function must not add or remove IRAT Neighbour Relations, i.e. add or remove EUTranRelation or GsmRelation instances from UtranGenericCells of this RncFunction. | on, off | +| isChangeForEnergySavingAllowed | This attribute allows to IRPManager to prohibit or allow configuration changes of the cell for ESM purposes by the IRPAgent. This restriction also applies to instances name contained in such cells. Their attribute values cannot be changed by the IRPAgent. | yes, no | +| isESCoveredBy | The value of the attribute is configured by the IRPManager and is not changed by the IRPAgent. It indicates whether the adjacentCell according to this planning provides no, partial or full Inter-RAT coverage for the cell which name-contains the UtranRelation instance.
Adjacent cells with this attribute equal to "yes" are recommended to be considered as candidate cells to take over the coverage when the original cell is about to be transferred to energySaving state.
The entirety of adjacent cells with this property equal to "partial" are recommended to be considered as entirety of candidate cells to take over the coverage when the original cell is about to be transferred to energySaving state. | No, partial, yes | +| lac | Location Area Code, "LAC" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3]. | See "LAC" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.413 [23]. | +| localCellId | The Local Cell id is used to uniquely identify the set of resources defined in a Node B to support a cell. It must be unique in Node B at a minimum, but may be unique in UTRAN. . Local Cell Identifier" Ref. 3GPP TS 25.401 [4], "Local Cell ID" in 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "Local Cell ID" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| maximumAllowedUlTxPower | Cell (re)selection, defined in Ref. 3GPP TS25.331 [9].
This information element indicates the maximum allowed uplink transmit power. | See "Maximum allowed UL TX power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9].
A single integral value in dBm.
Range: (-50..33). | +| maximumTransmissionPower | The maximum transmission power of a cell. It is the maximum power for all downlink channels added together, that is allowed to be used simultaneously in a cell, "Maximum Transmission Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "Maximum Transmission Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| mcc | Mobile Country Code, MCC (part of the PLMN Identifier) in, Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3]. | See "MCC" in "PLMN identity" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.413 [23]. | +| mnc | Mobile Network Code, MNC (part of the PLMN Identity) in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3]. | See "MNC" in "PLMN identity" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.413 [23]. | +| numOfHspdschs | In FDD: the number of codes at the defined spreading factor (SF=16), within the complete code tree. See Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5].
In TDD: the number of HS-PDSCHs in a Cell; Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | Type: INTEGER
Range: (0..15) for FDD mode,
Range: (0..95) for TDD mode | +| numOfHssccchs | The number of HS-SCCHs for one cell. Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | Type: INTEGER
Range: (1..32) | +| pchPower | The power of PCH transport channel in the cell, "PCH Power" in Ref 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "DL Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| penaltyTime | Cell (re)selection for HCS, defined in 3GPP TS25.331 (TS 25.304)
This specifies the time duration for which the TEMPORARY_OFFSET is applied for a neighbouring cell. | See "Penalty_time" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9]. | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| pichPower | The Power of the PICH channel in the cell, "PICH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "PICH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| primaryCcpchPower | The power of the primary CCPCH channel in the TDD cell, "PCCPCH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "PCCPCH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| primaryCpichPower | The power of the primary CPICH channel in the FDD mode cell, "Primary CPICH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "Primary CPICH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| primarySchPower | The power of the primary synchronisation channel in the FDD mode cell, "Primary SCH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "DL Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| primaryScramblingCode | The primary DL scrambling code used by the FDD mode cell, "Primary Scrambling Code" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "Primary Scrambling Code" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| qhcs | Cell (re)selection for HCS, defined in Ref. 3GPP TS25.331 [9].
This specifies the quality threshold levels for applying prioritised hierarchical cell re-selection | See "Qhcs" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9] | +| qqualMin | Cell (re)selection, defined in Ref. 3GPP TS25.331 [9].
This specifies the minimum required quality level in the cell in dB. It is only applicable for FDD cells. | See "QqualMin" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9]. | +| qrxlevMin | Cell (re)selection, defined in Ref. 3GPP TS25.331 [9].
This specifies the minimum required RX level in the cell in dBm. | See "QrxlevMin" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9]. | +| rac | Routing Area Code, "RAC" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3]. | See "RAC" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.413 [23]. | +| readSFNIndicator | Neighbouring cells monitoring, defined in Ref. 3GPP TS25.331 [9]. | See "Read SFN indicator" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9] | +| referenceTimeDifferenceToCell | Neighbouring cells monitoring, defined in Ref. 3GPP TS25.331 [9].
In the System Information message, the reference time difference to cell indicates the timing difference between the primary CCPCH of the current cell and the primary CCPCH of a neighbouring cell.
In the Measurement Control message, the reference time difference to cell indicates the timing difference between UE uplink transmission timing and the primary CCPCH of a neighbouring cell. | See "Reference time difference to cell" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9].
A single integral value in chips.
Range: (0..38400) by steps of 40, 256 or 2560. | +| relatedAntennaList | This is an attribute to list the DNs of AntennaFunction(s) (see TS 32.792[24]) that support the UtranGenericCell. | See "relatedAntennaList" in Ref. 3GPP TS 32.792 [24] | +| relatedSectorEquipment | This is an attribute to the DN of SectorEquipment (see TS 32.792[24]) that support the UtranGenericCell. | See "relatedSectorEquipment" Ref. 3GPP TS 32.792 [24]. | +| relatedTmaList | This is an attribute to list the DNs of TmaFunction(s) (see TS 32.792[24]) that support the UtranGenericCell. | See "relatedTmaList" Ref. 3GPP TS 32.792 [24]. | +| restrictionStateIndicator | Cell Access Control, defined in 3GPP TS 25.423[28].
The Restriction state indicator is the identifier indicates whether the cell is "Cell Reserved for Operator Use" or not. It is provided by DRNS and reported to SRNC. | ENUMERATED | +| rncId | IOC ExternalUtranGenericCell and ExternalRncFunction:
Unique RNC ID for the associated RNC, "RNC Id" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3].
IOC RncFunction:
Unique RNC ID, "RNC Id" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3]. | See "RNC-ID" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.413 [23]. | +| sac | Service Area Code, "SAC" in Ref. 3GPP TS 23.003 [3]. | See "SAC" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.413 [23]. | +| schPower | The power of the synchronisation channel in 3.84 Mcps TDD cell, "SCH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "DL Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| schTimeSlot | The SCH Time Slot IE represents the first time slot (k) of a pair of time slots inside a Radio Frame that is assigned to the Physical Channel SCH, "SCH Time Slot" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "SCH Time Slot" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| sctdIndicator | This attribute indicates whether SCTD is used, "SCDT Indicator" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "SCDT Indicator" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| secondarySchPower | The power of the secondary synchronisation channel in the FDD mode cell, "Secondary SCH Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "DL Power" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| sharNetTceMappingInfoList | This attribute includes a list of elements. Each element is a list of shared PLMN Id (called "PLMN Target"), TCE ID and the corresponding TCE IP address.
When several PLMNs are supported and Logged MDT is requested, this attribute is used to translate From the TCE IP Address to TCE ID when a Logged MDT is ordered to the UE and to translate the TCE ID to TCE IP address when the UE has sent the log to the network. | See "PLMN Target", "Trace Collection Entity Address" and "Trace Collection Entity Id" in 3GPP TS 32.422 [25]. | +| siptoSupported | This attribute indicates whether the RNC supports SIPTO function. A value of 0 represents that SIPTO is not supported and a value of 1 represents that SIPTO is supported (by the RNC). | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: (0..1) | +| snaInformation | Shared Networks Access Control, defined in 3GPP TS 25.423[28].
This information element contains a list of Shared Network Areas, identified by the Shared Network Area Code (SNAC) which a certain cell belongs to. | | +| sttdSupportIndicator | Power control, defined in 3GPP TS 25.423[28].
The STTD Support Indicator indicates whether the STTD can be applied to DL DPCH and F-DPCH in the cell or not. | ENUMERATED | +| syncCase | The SCH and PCCPCH in a TDD cell are mapped on one or two downlink slots per frame. There are two cases of Sync Case as follows:
SCH and PCCPCH allocated in a single TS#k
SCH allocated in two TS: TS#k and TS#k+8. PCCPCH allocated in TS#k
"Synch Case" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "Sync Case" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| tceIDMappingInfoList | This attribute includes a list of TCE ID and the corresponding TCE IP address. It is used in Logged MDT case to provide the information to the RNC to get the corresponding TCE IP address when there is an MDT log received from the UE. This attribute is used if only one PLMN is supported. | See "Trace Collection Entity Address" and "Trace Collection Entity Id" in 3GPP TS 32.422 [25]. | +| temporaryOffset1 | Cell (re)selection for HCS, defined in 3GPP TS25.331 (TS 25.304)
This specifies the offset applied to the H and R criteria for a neighbouring cell for the duration of PENALTY_TIME. It is used for TDD and GSM cells and for FDD cells in case the quality measure for cell selection and re-selection is set to CPICH RSCP | See "Temporary_offset1" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9]. | +| temporaryOffset2 | Cell (re)selection for HCS, defined in 3GPP TS25.331 (TS 25.304)
This specifies the offset applied to the H and R criteria for a neighbouring cell for the duration of PENALTY_TIME. It is used for FDD cells in case the quality measure for cell selection and re-selection is set to CPICH Ec/No. | See "Temporary_offset2" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9.] | +| timeSlotForSch | The Time Slot represents the time interval assigned to a Physical Channel referred to the start of a Radio Frame, "SCH Time Slot" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "SCH Time Slot" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| timeSlotListHcr | This attribute defines the time slot configuration information in the TDD cell. It is a list which contains 15 (for 3.84 or 7.68 Mcps TDD cell) items. Within each item there are three parts: timeSlotId, timeSlotDirection and timeSlotStatus. (Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]). | timeSlotId:
Type: Integral numeric value
Range: (0..14);

timeSlotDirection:
Type: Enumerated value
Range: (UI, DI);

timeSlotStatus:
Type: Enumerated value
Range: (Active, Not active) | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| timeSlotListLcr | This attribute defines the time slot configuration information in the TDD cell. It is a list which contains 7 (for 1.28 Mcps TDD cell) items. Within each item there are three parts: timeSlotId, timeSlotDirection, timeSlotStatus, corresponding to Time Slot LCR, Time Slot Direction, Time Slot Status (Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]).
If multiple frequencies exist within the cell, the timeSlotList indicates the Time Slot configuration of Primary Frequency. | timeSlotId:
Type: Integral numeric value
Range: (0..6);

timeSlotDirection:
Type: Enumerated value
Range: (UI, DI);

timeSlotStatus:
Type: Enumerated value
Range: (Active, Not active) | +| tmaFunctionList | This is a referential attribute to list the DNs of TmaFunction(s) that support the UtranGenericCell. | A list of DNs as defined in TS 32.300 [13]. | +| tstdIndicator | This attribute indicates whether TSTD is used, TSDT Indicator" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "TSDT Indicator" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| txDiversityIndicator | Defined in 3GPP TS25.331 (25.423)
This attribute indicates whether following conditions are satisfied:
Primary CPICH is broadcast from two antennas
STTD is applied to Primary CCPCH
TSTD is applied to Primary SCH and Secondary SCH | See "TX Diversity Indicator" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9] | +| uarfcn | The UTRA absolute Radio Frequency Channel number for TDD mode cell, UARFCN (Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]). For 1.28Mcps TDD, if multiple frequencies exist within the cell, the uarfcn indicates the frequency of Primary Frequency. | Type : Integral numeric Value
Range: (0..16383) | +| uarfcnDl | The DL UTRA absolute Radio Frequency Channel number for FDD mode cell, "UARFCN" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "UARFCN" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| uarfcnLCRList | For 1.28 Mcps TDD, if multiple frequencies exist within the cell, this is a list of the UARFCN and Time Slot configuration information of the Secondary Frequencies. Specifically, within each item in the list there are two main parts: uarfcn and timeSlotListLcr. The second part is a list of elements which have the sub-elements: timeSlotId, timeSlotDirection and timeSlotStatus. These attributes correspond to "UARFCN, Time Slot LCR, Time Slot Direction and Time Slot Status" (Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]). | For "uarfcn, timeSlotId, timeSlotDirection, timeSlotStatus", see "UARFCN, Time Slot LCR, Time Slot Direction, Time Slot Status" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5].
For maximum number of the Secondary Frequencies per cell, see "maxFrequencyinCell-1" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| uarfcnUl | The UL UTRA absolute Radio Frequency Channel number for FDD mode cell, "UARFCN" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | See "UARFCN" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.433 [5]. | +| uraList | A list of UTRAN Registration Area identities, which an UtranCell can belong to, "URA identity" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9]. | For URA, see "URA identity" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331[9], subclause 10.3.2.6.
For maximum number of URAs per cell, see "maxURA" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.331 [9], subclause 10.3.10. | + +### 6.5.2 Constraints + +None. + +## 6.6 Void + +## 6.7 Common Notifications + +### 6.7.1 Alarm and configuration notifications + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-------| +| notifyAckStateChanged | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyAttributeValueChange | O | | +| notifyChangedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyClearedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyNewAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyObjectCreation | O | | +| notifyObjectDeletion | O | | +| notifyComments | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyAlarmListRebuilt | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | + +Note that these notifications are issued based on occurrences on the IRPAGENT IOC and not on occurrences on other IOCs. + +### 6.7.2 Configuration notifications + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|----------------------------|-----------|-------| +| notifyAttributeValueChange | O | | +| notifyObjectCreation | O | | +| notifyObjectDeletion | O | | + +Note that these notifications are issued based on occurrences on the IRPAGENT IOC and not on occurrences on other IOCs. + +# --- Annex A (informative): Void + +# Annex B (informative): RET Control Architecture + +The Itf-N provides an abstraction of resources to allow the monitor and control of physical resource from the network level management systems. For RET, the antenna tilt is controlled via a control unit which is located within the NodeB (from a management perspective). The control unit sends commands to actuators located at the tower top, in order to read, and to adjust antenna tilt values. + +The AntennaFunction class will report failures and malfunctions of either the control unit, or the tilt. + +There are several configurations of antennae. Some support the transmission of several frequencies from a single radome while others are deployed as an array in order to provide effective coverage. + +Hence in the UTRAN model there is an N:M relationship between the UtranCell class and the AntennaFunction class, permitting the model to support all possibilities. The figure B.1 below illustrates the RET architecture. + +![Figure B.1: Overall RET architecture diagram showing the interaction between NMS, IRP Agent, EM, Node B, and RET components.](36fd537a1e39baa2471ecfaaf869751a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the overall RET architecture. At the top, a box labeled 'NMS (IRP Manager)' is connected via a double-headed arrow labeled 'Itf-N (System Context A)' to a box below it. This box contains two sub-components: 'IRP Agent' and 'EM'. Below the 'EM' component, a double-headed arrow labeled 'Itf-B' connects to a 'Node B' box on the right. The 'Node B' box contains a 'RET' component. To the right of the 'Node B' box is an antenna icon. On the left side, another 'Node B' box is shown, which also contains an 'IRP Agent' and 'EM' component, and a 'RET' component. This 'Node B' box is connected to the 'NMS (IRP Manager)' via a double-headed arrow labeled 'Itf-N (System Context B)'. To the left of this 'Node B' box is another antenna icon. The 'RET' components in both 'Node B' boxes are connected to their respective antenna icons. + +Figure B.1: Overall RET architecture diagram showing the interaction between NMS, IRP Agent, EM, Node B, and RET components. + +Figure B.1: Overall RET architecture + +# --- Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------|-------|-------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Ca t | Old | New | +| Jun 2001 | SP-12 | SP-010283 | -- | -- | Approved at TSG SA #12 and placed under Change Control | -- | 2.0.0 | 4.0.0 | +| Jun 2002 | SP-16 | SP-020303 | 0001 | -- | Corrections of reference in figure 6.2 and of attribute descriptions in UtranRelation in 32.642 (UTRAN network resources IRP: NRM) | F | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | +| Jun 2002 | SP-16 | SP-020304 | 0002 | -- | Correction of supported IRP in system context | F | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | +| Sep 2002 | SP-17 | SP-020490 | 0003 | -- | UML corrections | F | 4.1.0 | 4.2.0 | +| Sep 2002 | SP-17 | SP-020492 | 0004 | -- | Add the new IRP IS methodology defined in 32.102 | F | 4.2.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Sep 2002 | SP-17 | SP-020492 | 0005 | -- | Add State Management | B | 4.2.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Dec 2002 | SP-18 | SP-020748 | 0006 | -- | Inclusion of valid values and ranges for UTRAN Cell parameters | F | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Jan 2003 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Accepted all revision marks | -- | 5.1.0 | 5.1.1 | +| Jun 2003 | SP-20 | SP-030282 | 0008 | -- | Include notification tables | A | 5.1.1 | 5.2.0 | +| Jun 2003 | SP-20 | SP-030282 | 0010 | -- | Correction of UML diagram vsDataContainer Containment/Naming and Association in UTRAN NRM | A | 5.1.1 | 5.2.0 | +| Jun 2003 | SP-20 | SP-030283 | 0012 | -- | Deletion of UTRAN attribute relationType | A | 5.1.1 | 5.2.0 | +| Dec 2003 | SP-22 | SP-030715 | 0014 | -- | Correction in attribute description for "maximumTransmissionPower" to remove dual interpretation - Align with RAN3's 25.433 | A | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| Dec 2003 | SP-22 | SP-030646 | 0016 | -- | Correction of the number of possible URAs from 1 to 8 | A | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| Dec 2003 | SP-22 | SP-030641 | 0017 | -- | Add missing notification notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList | F | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| Dec 2003 | SP-22 | SP-030643 | 0018 | -- | Remove redundant VsDataContainer Containment UML - Now covered by 32.622 | F | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| Mar 2004 | SP-23 | SP-040129 | 0019 | -- | Addition of new attributes for support of both FDD and TDD modes | B | 5.3.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Jun 2004 | SP-24 | SP-040254 | 0021 | -- | Correction of the supported UMTS frequencies | A | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SP-25 | SP-040584 | 0022 | -- | Add support for the state change notification in UTRAN network resources IRP NRM | B | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SP-25 | SP-040595 | 0023 | -- | Include ATM in CM UTRAN network resources IRP NRM | B | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SP-25 | SP-040585 | 0026 | -- | Align with the IRP IS template (32.151) and IRP IS UML repertoire (32.152) | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SP-25 | SP-040587 | 0027 | -- | Add support for Remote control of Electrical Tilting (RET) antenna CR not implementable (UML conflict) New CR028 SA#26 approved | B | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Dec 2004 | SP-26 | SP-040810 | 0028 | -- | Add AntennaFunction class and attributes to support RET (Remote control of Electrical Tilting) | B | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| Dec 2004 | SP-26 | SP-040810 | 0029 | -- | Add support for the state change notification | B | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SP-27 | SP-050048 | 0032 | -- | Align with SA2's 23.221, for allowing only CS CN in a PLMN | A | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SP-27 | SP-050048 | 0033 | -- | Add missing definition of IOC ExternalRncFunction | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SP-27 | SP-050048 | 0034 | -- | Amendments to UTRAN NRM for RET | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| Sep 2005 | SP-29 | SP-050461 | 0035 | -- | Add attributes for RET antennas systems - Align with TR 32.804 & RAN specs | F | 6.4.0 | 6.5.0 | +| Mar 2006 | SP-31 | SP-060102 | 0036 | -- | Correct relationships for external Information Object Classes (IOCs) | F | 6.5.0 | 6.6.0 | +| Jun 2006 | SP-32 | SP-060415 | 0037 | 1 | Correct the definition of longitude | F | 6.6.0 | 6.7.0 | +| Jun 2006 | SP-32 | SP-060259 | 0038 | -- | Add configuration parameters for radio channel power | B | 6.6.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Mar 2007 | SP-35 | SP-070046 | 0020a | -- | Revise the Object Model in UTRAN network resources IRP Network Resource Model | B | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SP-36 | SP-070282 | 0039 | -- | Add control and configuration of Tower Mounted Amplifiers - Align with RAN3 25.466 | B | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SP-36 | SP-070276 | 0040 | -- | Add missing attribute descriptions to the Utran NRM - All attributes visible only over ltf-p2p are marked CO (conditional/ optional) | F | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| Dec 2007 | SP-38 | SP-070733 | 0043 | -- | Add write support for TMA Additional Data | F | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | +| Dec 2007 | SP-38 | SP-070740 | 0044 | -- | Correct cardinality numbers regarding transient states - Align with 32.152 | C | 7.3.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Mar 2008 | SP-39 | SP-080058 | 0046 | -- | Correct wrongly supported RET attributes - Align with 25.463 | A | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | + +| | | | | | | | | | +|----------|-------|-----------|------|----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---|--------|--------| +| Mar 2008 | SP-39 | SP-080058 | 0048 | -- | Add missing multi-frequency attributes for 1.28Mcps TDD - Align with 25.433 | A | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2008 | SP-40 | SP-080328 | 0050 | -- | Correction of UTRAN Cell attributes - Align with 25.433 | A | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| Jun 2008 | SP-40 | SP-080329 | 0051 | -- | Add end point model for Iu-CS and Iu-PS interfaces | B | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SP-46 | SP-090719 | 0052 | -- | Correction of association diagrams and the role of 'AssociatedWith' | F | 8.2.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100487 | 0055 | -- | Correcting inconsistencies in the specification | A | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100489 | 0053 | -- | Addition of EP_Iur information object class | B | 9.1.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100878 | 0058 | - | Correcting the inconsistent support qualifier of userLabel | A | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100833 | 0059 | 1 | Add the missing value range of maximumAllowedUITxPower and referenceTimeDifferenceToCell - Align with RAN2 TS 25.331 | F | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100750 | 0060 | 1 | Add siptoSupported attribute to RNCFunction | B | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100833 | 0061 | 2 | Correcting the definition of AssociatedWith1 | F | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 0062 | - | Methodology clean-up of Configuration Management; UTRAN network resources IRP; Network Resource Model | F | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110096 | 0063 | 2 | Removing AntennaFunction and TmaFunction from UTRAN NRM | F | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110102 | 0066 | 1 | Adding TCE address and TCE ID mapping information to RNCFunction | B | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SP-54 | SP-110704 | 0070 | 2 | Add Neighbour cell Relation from UTRAN towards E-UTRAN | A | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SP-54 | SP-110704 | 0073 | 2 | Add management of IRAT ANR from E-UTRAN to UTRAN | A | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SP-54 | SP-110719 | 0074 | 2 | Add management of IRAT ANR from E-UTRAN to UTRAN, plus UTRAN Intra-RAT ANR | B | 10.3.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Mar 2012 | SP-55 | SP-120057 | 0075 | - | Add management of UTRAN Intra-RAT ANR | F | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| Jun 2012 | SP-56 | SP-120372 | 0077 | 1 | Add ANR switch management solution | B | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | +| Sep-2012 | SP-57 | SP-120573 | 0078 | 1 | Add support for Inter-RAT Energy Saving Management | B | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | +| Dec-2012 | SP-58 | SP-120796 | 0082 | 1 | Addition of Network Sharing for MDT | C | 11.3.0 | 11.4.0 | +| Sep-2013 | | | | | Editorial changes (MCC):misspellings,wrong abbreviations,wrong capital letters | | 11.4.0 | 11.4.1 | +| Mar 2016 | SP-71 | SP-160223 | 0086 | 1 | Correcting references | A | 11.4.1 | 11.5.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32651/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32651/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..df220f0e2f32da576b8101c1e4dc738d678a0be3 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32651/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------|---| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Requirements ..... | 6 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 7 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.651: Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements** +- 32.652: Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Network Resource Model (NRM) +- 32.656: Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines , in addition to the requirements defined in [1], [2] and [3], the requirements for the present IRP: GERAN Network Resources IRP. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.602: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (SS)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.612: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. + +**IRP:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**Managed Object (MO):** an abstract entity, which may be accessed through an open interface between two or more systems, and representing a Network Resource (NR) for the purpose of management. The Managed Object (MO) is an instance of a Managed Object Class (MOC) as defined in a Management Information Model (MIM). The MIM does not define how the MO or NR is implemented; only what can be seen in the interface. + +**Managed Object Class (MOC):** a description of all the common characteristics for a number of MOs, such as their attributes, operations, notifications and behaviour. + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** also referred to as NRM – see the definition below. There is a slight difference between the meaning of MIM and NRM – the term MIM is generic and can be used to denote any type of management model, while NRM denotes the model of the actual managed telecommunications Network Resources (NRs). + +**Network Element (NE):** is a discrete telecommunications entity, which can be, managed over a specific interface e.g. the RNC. + +**Network Resource (NR):** is a component of a NE, which can be identified as a discrete separate entity and is in an object oriented environment for the purpose of management represented by an abstract entity called Managed Object (MO). + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** a model representing the actual managed telecommunications Network Resources (NRs) that a System is providing through the subject IRP. An NRM describes Managed Object Classes (MOC), their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above) which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +**Operations System (OS):** indicates a generic management system, independent of its location level within the management hierarchy. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| GERAN | GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communication | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service (see [1]) | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NE | Network Element | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OS | Operations System | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +# --- 4 Requirements + +The following general and high-level requirements apply for the present IRP: + +- A. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. +- B. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. +- C. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.600 [3]. + +In addition to the above, the following more specific requirements apply: + +1. The Network Resource Model defined by this IRP shall contain GERAN specific MOCs and related definitions, supporting GERAN Network entities. +2. The Network Resource Model defined by this IRP shall support management of UMTS-GSM Inter-system handover. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Jun 2001 | SA 12 | SP-010283 | -- | -- | Approved at TSG SA #12 and placed under Change Control | 2.0.0 | 4.0.0 | +| Sep 2002 | SA 17 | SP-020495 | 0001 | -- | Upgrade to Rel-5 | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040541 | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel- 6 (no CR) as per request in SP-040541 SA5 presentation SA_25.ppt (slide 17) | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA 42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32656/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32656/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3c90818d5cfe0f5b64f84f80977a2a1ff2fb4e5c --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32656/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,835 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Solution Set Definitions ..... | 7 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 8 | +| A.1 Architectural features..... | 8 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 8 | +| A.1.2 Rules for NRM extensions ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2.1 Allowed extensions ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2.2 Extensions not allowed..... | 8 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 9 | +| A.2.1 General mapping ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.1 IOC BssFunction ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.2 IOC BtsSiteMgr..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.3 IOC GsmCell ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.4 IOC GsmRelation ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.5 IOC ExternalGsmCell ..... | 11 | +| A.2.2.6 IOC ExternalBssFunction..... | 11 | +| A.3 Solution Set definitions..... | 12 | +| A.3.1 IDL definition structure..... | 12 | +| A.3.2 IDL specification "GeranNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl" ..... | 12 | +| Annex B (normative): XML Definitions..... | 14 | +| B.1 Architectural features..... | 14 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 14 | +| B.2 Mapping ..... | 14 | +| B.2.1 General mapping ..... | 14 | +| B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 14 | +| B.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 15 | +| B.3.1 XML definition structure ..... | 15 | +| B.3.2 Graphical Representation ..... | 15 | +| B.3.3 XML schema "geranNrm.xsd"..... | 16 | +| Annex C (informative): Change history..... | 19 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.651: Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements +- 32.652: Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM) +- 32.656: Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions** + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G-network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the NEs and NRs, and they may be initiated by the operator or functions in the OSs or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as a single action on a Network Element (NE) of the 3G-network or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many NEs. + +The Itf-N interface for Configuration Management is built up by a number of Integration Reference Points (IRPs) and a related Name Convention, which realise the functional capabilities over this interface. The basic structure of the IRPs is defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1] and 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. For CM, a number of IRPs (and the Name Convention) are defined herein, used by this as well as other technical specifications for telecom management produced by 3GPP. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the Solution Sets for the GERAN NRM IRP. + +This Solution Set specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.652 V11.2.X [4]. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.652: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.612: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.616: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [8] W3C REC-xml-20001006: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)". +- [9] W3C REC-xmlschema-0-20010502: "XML Schema Part 0: Primer". +- [10] W3C REC-xmlschema-1-20010502: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures". +- [11] W3C REC-xmlschema-2-20010502: "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes". +- [12] W3C REC-xml-names-19990114: "Namespaces in XML". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For terms and definitions please refer to 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.600 [3] and 3GPP TS 32.652 [4]. + +**XML file:** file containing an XML document + +**XML document:** composed of the succession of an optional XML declaration followed by a root XML element + +NOTE: See [8]; in the scope of the present document. + +**XML declaration:** it specifies the version of XML being used + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML element:** has a type, is identified by a name, may have a set of XML attribute specifications and is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag followed by the XML content of the XML element followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag; each XML element may contain other XML elements + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**empty XML element:** having an empty XML content; an empty XML element still possibly has a set of XML attribute specifications; an empty XML element is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag directly followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML content (of an XML element):** empty if the XML element is simply composed of an XML empty-element tag; otherwise the part, possibly empty, of the XML element between its XML start-tag and its XML end-tag + +**XML start-tag:** the beginning of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML start-tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML end-tag:** the end of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML end-tag containing the name of the XML element + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML empty-element tag:** composed simply of an empty-element tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element. + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML attribute specification:** has a name and a value + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**DTD:** defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to be valid with regard to this DTD + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML schema:** more powerful than a DTD, an XML schema defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to conform with this XML schema; through the use of XML namespaces several XML schemas can be used together by a single XML document; an XML schema is itself also an XML document that shall conform with the XML schema for XML schemas + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +**XML namespace:** enables qualifying element and attribute names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by different XML schemas + +NOTE: See [12], in the scope of the present document. + +**XML complex type:** defined in an XML schema; cannot be directly used in an XML document; can be the concrete type or the derivation base type for an XML element type or for another XML complex type; ultimately defines constraints for an XML element on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +**XML element type:** declared by an XML schema; can be directly used in an XML document; as the concrete type of an XML element, directly or indirectly defines constraints on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content; can also be the concrete type or the derivation base type for another XML element type + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +For additional terms and definitions please refer to 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.600 [3] and 3GPP TS 32.652 [4]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DN | Distinguished Name | +| DTD | Document Type Definition | +| EDGE | Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution | +| GERAN | GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communication | +| IS | Information Service | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language (OMG) | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| SS | Solution Set | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# --- 4 Solution Set Definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP UTRAN NRM IRP Solution Set Definitions: + +- 3GPP GERAN NRM IRP CORBA SS (Annex A) +- 3GPP GERAN NRM IRP XML Definitions (Annex B) + +# --- Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in GERAN NRM IRP: Information Service (TS 32.652 [4]). + +--- + +## A.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of GERAN Network Resources IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.652 [4]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the CORBA SS. + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. + +### A.1.2 Rules for NRM extensions + +This clause discusses how the models and IDL definitions provided in the present document can be extended for a particular implementation and still remain compliant with 3GPP SA5's specifications. + +#### A.1.2.1 Allowed extensions + +Vendor-specific MOCs may be supported. The vendor-specific MOCs may support new types of attributes. The 3GPP SA5-specified notifications may be issued referring to the vendor-specific MOCs and vendor-specific attributes. New MOCs shall be distinguishable from 3GPP SA5 MOCs by name. 3GPP SA5-specified and vendor-specific attributes may be used in vendor-specific MOCs. Vendor-specific attribute names shall be distinguishable from existing attribute names. + +NRM MOCs may be subclassed. Subclassed MOCs shall maintain the specified behaviour of the 3GPP SA5's superior classes. They may add vendor-specific behaviour with vendor-specific attributes. When subclassing, naming attributes cannot be changed. The subclassed MOC shall support all attributes of its superior class. Vendor-specific attributes cannot be added to 3GPP SA5 NRM MOCs without subclassing. + +When subclassing, the 3GPP SA5-specified containment rules and their specified cardinality shall still be followed. As an example, ManagementNode (or its subclasses) shall be contained under SubNetwork (or its subclasses). + +Managed Object Instances may be instantiated as CORBA objects. This requires that the MOCs be represented in IDL. 3GPP SA5's NRM MOCs are not currently specified in IDL, but may be specified in IDL for instantiation or subclassing purposes. However, management information models should not require that IRPManagers access the instantiated managed objects other than through supported methods in the present document. + +Extension rules related to notifications (Notification categories, Event Types, Extended Event Types etc.) are for further study. + +#### A.1.2.2 Extensions not allowed + +The IDL specifications in the present document cannot be edited or altered. Any additional IDL specifications shall be specified in separate IDL files. + +IDL interfaces (note: not MOCs) specified in the present document may not be subclassed or extended. New interfaces may be defined with vendor-specific methods. + +## A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 General mapping + +Attributes modelling associations as defined in the NRM (here also called "reference attributes") are in this SS mapped to attributes. The names of the reference attributes in the NRM are mapped to the corresponding attribute names in the MOC. When the cardinality for an association is 0..1 or 1..1 the datatype for the reference attribute is defined as an MOReference. The value of an MO reference contains the distinguished name of the associated MO. When the cardinality for an association allows more than one referred MO, the reference attribute will be of type MOReferenceSet, which contains a sequence of MO references. + +### A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +This Solution Set supports reference attributes for relations other than containment relations between objects. Reference attributes are therefore introduced in each MOC where needed. + +#### A.2.2.1 IOC BssFunction + +**Mapping from NRM IOC BssFunction attributes to SS equivalent MOC BssFunction attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC BssFunction in TS 32.652 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|----------------------------------------------------|---------------|---------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | bssFunctionId | string | M | M | - | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | M | M | M | + +#### A.2.2.2 IOC BtsSiteMgr + +**Mapping from NRM IOC BtsSiteMgr attributes to SS equivalent MOC BtsSiteMgr attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC BtsSiteMgr in TS 32.652 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|---------------------------------------------------|------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | btsSiteMgrId | string | M | M | - | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | M | M | M | +| latitude | latitude | long | O | M | M | +| longitude | longitude | long | O | M | M | +| operationalState | operationalState | StateManagementIRP
OptConstDefs::OperationalStateTypeOpt | O | M | - | + +#### A.2.2.3 IOC GsmCell + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC GsmCell attributes to SS equivalent MOC GsmCell attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC GsmCell in TS 32.652 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|------------------------------------------------|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | gsmCellId | string | M | M | - | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | M | M | M | +| cellIdentity | cellIdentity | long | M | M | M | +| cellAllocation | cellAllocation | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributesTypes::LongSet | M | M | M | +| ncc | ncc | long | M | M | M | +| bcc | bcc | long | M | M | M | +| lac | lac | long | M | M | M | +| mcc | mcc | long | M | M | M | +| mnc | mnc | long | M | M | M | +| rac | rac | long | CM | M | M | +| racc | racc | long | CM | M | M | +| tsc | tsc | long | M | M | M | +| rxLevAccessMin | rxLevAccessMin | long | M | M | M | +| msTxPwrMaxCCH | msTxPwrMaxCCH | long | M | M | M | +| rfHoppingEnabled | rfHoppingEnabled | boolean | M | M | M | +| hoppingSequenceList | hoppingSequenceList | GeranNRMAAttributeTypes::HoppingSequenceListType | M | M | M | +| plmnPermitted | plmnPermitted | long | M | M | M | + +NOTE 1: For all support qualifiers with the value "CM" see attribute constraints in TS 32.652 [4]. + +#### A.2.2.4 IOC GsmRelation + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC GsmRelation attributes to SS equivalent MOC GsmRelation attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC GsmRelation in TS 32.652 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|----------------------------------------------------|-----------------|------------------------------------------------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | gsmRelationId | string | M | M | - | +| adjacentCell | adjacentCell | string | M | M | M | +| bcchFrequency | bcchFrequency | long | CM | M | - | +| ncc | ncc | long | CM | M | - | +| bcc | bcc | long | CM | M | - | +| lac | lac | long | CM | M | - | +| isHOAllowed | isHOAllowed | boolean | CM | M | | +| isRemoveAllowed | isRemoveAllowed | boolean | CM | M | | +| isESCoveredBy | isESCoveredBy | GeranNRMAAttributeTypes::IsEsCoveredByEnumType | CM | M | M | + +NOTE 1: For all support qualifiers with the value "CM" see attribute constraints in TS 32.652 [4]. + +#### A.2.2.5 IOC ExternalGsmCell + +Mapping from NRM IOC ExternalGsmCell attributes to SS equivalent MOC ExternalGsmCell attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC ExternalGSMCell in TS 32.652 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|--------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|---------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | externalGsmCellId | string | M | M | - | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | M | M | M | +| cellIdentity | cellIdentity | long | M | M | M | +| bcchFrequency | bcchFrequency | long | M | M | M | +| ncc | ncc | long | M | M | M | +| bcc | bcc | long | M | M | M | +| Lac | lac | long | M | M | M | +| mcc | mcc | long | M | M | M | +| mnc | mnc | long | M | M | M | +| rac | rac | long | CM | M | M | +| racc | racc | long | CM | M | M | + +NOTE 1: For all support qualifiers with the value "CM" see attribute constraints in TS 32.652 [4]. + +#### A.2.2.6 IOC ExternalBssFunction + +Mapping from NRM IOC ExternalBssFunction attributes to SS equivalent MOC ExternalBssFunction attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC ExternalBssFunction in TS 32.652 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|---------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | externalBssFunctionId | string | M | M | - | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | M | M | M | + +## A.3 Solution Set definitions + +### A.3.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.3.2 defines the MO classes for the GERAN NRM IRP. + +### A.3.2 IDL specification "GeranNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl" + +``` +//File: GeranNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl +#ifndef GeranNetworkResourcesNRMDefs_idl +#define GeranNetworkResourcesNRMDefs_idl +#include "GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl" +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" +/** + * This module defines constants for each MO class name and + * the attribute names for each defined MO class. + */ +module GeranNetworkResourcesNRMDefs +{ + /** + * Definitions for MO class BssFunction + */ + interface BssFunction : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS = "BssFunction"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string bssFunctionId = "bssFunctionId"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class BtsSiteMgr + */ + interface BtsSiteMgr : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS = "BtsSiteMgr"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string btsSiteMgrId = "btsSiteMgrId"; + const string latitude = "latitude"; + const string longitude = "longitude"; + const string operationalState = "operationalState"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class GsmCell + */ + interface GsmCell : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS = "GsmCell"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string gsmCellId = "gsmCellId"; + const string cellIdentity = "cellIdentity"; + const string cellAllocation = "cellAllocation"; + const string ncc = "ncc"; + const string bcc = "bcc"; + const string lac = "lac"; + const string mcc = "mcc"; + const string mnc = "mnc"; + const string rac = "rac"; + const string racc = "racc"; + const string tsc = "tsc"; + const string rxLevAccessMin = "rxLevAccessMin"; + const string msTxPwrMaxCCH = "msTxPwrMaxCCH"; + const boolean rfHoppingEnabled = "rfHoppingEnabled"; + const string hoppingSequenceList = "hoppingSequenceList"; + const string plmnPermitted = "plmnPermitted"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class GsmRelation + */ + interface GsmRelation : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "GsmRelation"; + }; +} +``` + +``` + // Attribute Names + // + const string gsmRelationId = "gsmRelationId"; + const string adjacentCell = "adjacentCell"; + const string bcchFrequency = "bcchFrequency"; + const string ncc = "ncc"; + const string bcc = "bcc"; + const string lac = "lac"; + const string isHOAllowed = "isHOAllowed"; + const string isRemoveAllowed = "isRemoveAllowed"; + const string isESCoveredBy = "isESCoveredBy"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class ExternalGsmCell + */ + interface ExternalGsmCell : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS = "ExternalGsmCell"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string externalGsmCellId = "externalGsmCellId"; + const string cellIdentity = "cellIdentity"; + const string bcchFrequency = "bcchFrequency"; + const string ncc = "ncc"; + const string bcc = "bcc"; + const string lac = "lac"; + const string mcc = "mcc"; + const string mnc = "mnc"; + const string rac = "rac"; + const string racc = "racc"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class ExternalBssFunction + */ + interface ExternalBssFunction : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS = "ExternalBssFunction"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string externalBssFunctionId = "externalBssFunctionId"; + }; +}; + +module GeranNRMAtributeTypes +{ + enum isEsCoveredByEnumType + { + no, + partial, + yes + }; + + typedef sequence MAType; + + struct HoppingSequenceType + { + MAType ma; + short hsn; + }; + + typedef sequence HoppingSequenceListType; +}; + +#endif +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): XML Definitions + +This annex contains the XML Definitions for the GERAN NRM IRP as it applies to Itf-N, in accordance with GERAN NRM IRP IS definitions [4]. + +## --- B.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of GERAN Network Resources IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.652 [4]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the Schema definitions. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. + +## --- B.2 Mapping + +### B.2.1 General mapping + +An IOC maps to an XML element of the same name as the IOC's name in the IS. An IOC attribute maps to a sub-element of the corresponding IOC's XML element, and the name of this sub-element is the same as the attribute's name in the IS. + +### B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +## --- B.3 Solution Set definitions + +### B.3.1 XML definition structure + +The overall description of the file format of configuration data XML files is provided by 3GPP TS 32.616 [7]. + +Annex B.3.3 of the present document defines the NRM-specific XML schema `geranNrm.xsd` for the GERAN Network Resources IRP NRM defined in 3GPP TS 32.652 [4]. + +XML schema `geranNrm.xsd` explicitly declares NRM-specific XML element types for the related NRM. + +The definition of those NRM-specific XML element types complies with the generic mapping rules defined in 3GPP TS 32.616 [7]. + +### B.3.2 Graphical Representation + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +### B.3.3 XML schema "geranNrm.xsd" + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + /> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| 05-2010 | SA-48 | SP-100276 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information and approval | -- | --- | 1.0.0 | +| 06-2010 | SA-48 | -- | -- | -- | Publication | -- | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 10-2010 | SA-49 | SP-100489 | 001 | -- | Add rfHoppingEnabled attribute in GsmCell IOC | B | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 12-2010 | SA-50 | SP-100833 | 002 | 1 | Correcting XML schema of GERAN NRM - Align with 32.652 IS | F | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| 03-2011 | SA-51 | SP-110096 | 003 | 2 | Correcting the support qualifier of attributes tsc and bcchFrequency - Align with GERAN NRM IS | F | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| 03-2011 | SA-51 | SP-110095 | 004 | -- | Alignment with IS 32.652; Cleanup | F | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| 12-2011 | SA-54 | SP-110706 | 006 | -- | Add missing management of IRAT ANR from E-UTRAN to GERAN and Neighbour cell Relation towards E-UTRAN - Align with IS | F | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| 09-2012 | SA-57 | SP-120573 | 007 | 1 | Add support for Inter-RAT Energy Saving Management | B | 10.4.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 12-2012 | SA-58 | SP-120800 | 008 | 1 | Add containment for interRatEsPolicies | B | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 03-2013 | SA-59 | SP-130047 | 010 | 1 | Add the missing attribute rfHoppingEnabled in XML Schema - Align with 32.652 | A | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32661/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32661/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..44c9988387009e0468273aaf47cc3bf68e02c65a --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32661/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------|---| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.3 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Requirements ..... | 8 | +| 4.1 General Requirements ..... | 8 | +| 4.2 Kernel CM Requirements..... | 8 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 9 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.661** **Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM Requirements** +- 32.662 Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM Information Service (IS) +- 32.666: Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines, in addition to the requirements defined in [1], [2] and [3], the requirements for the present IRP: Kernel Configuration Management IRP. It is the intent of Kernel Configuration Management to provide an IRP that contains the configuration management functionality that is basic and minimal. It is the functionality that is common to and required by both Basic CM and Bulk CM. While neither the Basic CM IRP nor Bulk CM IRP requires the other, they each require the Kernel CM IRP. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.632: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Core Network Resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.642: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.652: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.662: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM Information Service (IS)". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.742: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) Interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: + +**data:** any information or set of information required to give software or equipment or combinations thereof a specific state of functionality + +**Element Manager (EM):** provides a package of end-user functions for management of a set of closely related types of Network Elements (NEs). These functions can be divided into two main categories: + +*Element Management Functions* for management of NEs on an individual basis. These are basically the same functions as supported by the corresponding local terminals. + +*Sub-Network Management Functions* that are related to a network model for a set of NEs constituting a clearly defined sub-network, which may include relations between the NEs. This model enables additional functions on the sub-network level (typically in the areas of network topology presentation, alarm correlation, service impact analysis and circuit provisioning). + +**IRP:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**IRP Information Model:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**IRP Information Service:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**IRP Solution Set:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +**Managed Object (MO):** abstract entity, which may be accessed through an open interface between two or more systems, and representing a Network Resource (NR) for the purpose of management. The Managed Object (MO) is an instance of a Managed Object Class (MOC) as defined in a Management Information Model (MIM). The MIM does not define how the MO or NR is implemented; only what can be seen in the interface. + +**Managed Object Class (MOC):** description of all the common characteristics for a number of MOs, such as their attributes, operations, notifications and behaviour + +**Managed Object Instance (MOI):** instance of a MOC, which is the same as a MO as described above + +**Management Information Base (MIB):** set of existing managed objects in a management domain, together with their attributes, constitutes that management domain's MIB. The MIB may be distributed over several OS/NEs. + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** also referred to as NRM – see the definition below. There is a slight difference between the meaning of MIM and NRM – the term MIM is generic and can be used to denote any type of management model, while NRM denotes the model of the actual managed telecommunications Network Resources (NRs). + +**Network Element (NE):** discrete telecommunications entity, which can be, managed over a specific interface e.g. the RNC + +**Network Manager (NM):** provides a package of end-user functions with the responsibility for the management of a network, mainly as supported by the EM(s) but it may also involve direct access to the NEs. All communication with the network is based on open and well-standardised interfaces supporting management of multi-vendor and multi-technology NEs. + +**Network Resource (NR):** component of a NE, which can be identified as a discrete separate entity and is in an object oriented environment for the purpose of management represented by an abstract entity called Managed Object (MO) + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** model representing the actual managed telecommunications Network Resources (NRs) that a System is providing through the subject IRP. An NRM describes Managed Object Classes (MOC), their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above) which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +**Object Management Group (OMG):** See . + +**Operations System (OS):** indicates a generic management system, independent of its location level within the management hierarchy + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|----|--------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FM | Fault Management | + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service (see 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]) | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| MOI | Managed Object Instance | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| OS | Operations System | +| PM | Performance Management | +| TM | Telecom Management | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language (OMG) | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +# --- 4 Requirements + +## 4.1 General Requirements + +This requirements specification defines requirements for the IS for this IRP. As such, capabilities specified here as being required in the IS are not necessarily required in the product implementation. That which is required in the product implementation will be specified in the IS itself. + +The following general and high-level requirements apply for the present IRP: + +- A. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. +- B. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. +- C. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.600 [3]. + +In addition to the above, the following more specific requirements apply: + +1. The IS defined by this IRP shall enable an NM to operate on (access) any NRMs defined in any NRM IRPs, such as those defined in [4], [5], [6], [7] and [8]. +2. The IS defined by this IRP shall as far as possible be independent of any specific definitions of MOCs, attributes etc. in the NRMs referred to in item 1. + +## 4.2 Kernel CM Requirements + +The IS defined by this IRP shall include the following operations that may be invoked by the IRP Manager to retrieve management information from the IRP Agent: + +- An operation to retrieve the Network Resource IRP SS document versions (IRPVersions) of the NRM Solution Sets that are supported by each Network Resource IRP present in the subject implementation. + +The IS defined by this IRP shall include a notification capability by which the IRP Agent sends management information to the IRP Manager whenever an event of a specific type occurs. Whether these notifications are mandatory or optional is specified in the Information Service (3GPP TS 32.662 [8]). Specifically, the following types of notifications shall be supported: + +- A notification that identifies the instance of a managed object that was created. +- A notification that identifies one or more instances of a managed object that were deleted. +- A notification that identifies the values of one or more attributes of a managed object instance that were changed. +- A notification that enables reporting of state and status changes of a managed object instance. +- A notification which identifies that part of or the whole configuration information of managed system should be synchronized. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Mar 2002 | S 15 | SP-020034 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #15 for Information | 1.0.0 | | +| Sep 2002 | S 17 | SP-020464 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #17 for Approval | 2.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Dec 2002 | S 18 | SP-020750 | 001 | -- | Clarification regarding optionality of notifications | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Mar 2003 | S_19 | SP-030145 | 002 | -- | Add requirement for the emission of notifyCMSynchronizationRecommended notification | 5.1.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Jun 2004 | S 24 | SP-040260 | 003 | -- | Add State Management Support to Kernel CM IRP Requirements | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Dec 2004 | S_26 | SP-040812 | 004 | -- | Add Signalling Transport Network (STN) NRM IRP in KernelCM IRP Requirements | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| Feb 2005 | -- | -- | -- | -- | History box clean-up to show only the 32661 Dec 2004 CRs | 6.2.0 | 6.2.1 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | 6.2.1 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA 42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SA 45 | SP-090534 | 005 | -- | Add missing NRMs into scope of Kernel CM IRP | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Dec 2009 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Change history correction | 8.1.0 | 8.1.1 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version | 8.1.1 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32666/5456ef9dc49ffc9cbb93cf1dd8052884_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32666/5456ef9dc49ffc9cbb93cf1dd8052884_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..18b1e1c7e942258eed0ca467a2aedcbd9d6aa01c --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32666/5456ef9dc49ffc9cbb93cf1dd8052884_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version 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@@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| Introduction ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Solution Set definitions..... | 7 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 8 | +| A.1 Architectural Features..... | 8 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names and Versions..... | 8 | +| A.1.2 Notifications ..... | 8 | +| A.1.3 Filter language..... | 8 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 8 | +| A.2.1 Operation and Notification mapping..... | 8 | +| A.2.2 Operation parameter mapping..... | 8 | +| A.2.3 Notification attribute mapping ..... | 9 | +| A.3 Use of OMG Structured Event..... | 11 | +| A.4 Rules for NRM extensions..... | 15 | +| A.4.1 Extensions not allowed..... | 15 | +| A.5 Solution Set definitions ..... | 15 | +| A.5.1 IDL definition structure..... | 15 | +| A.5.2 IDL specification “KernelCmConstDefs.idl” ..... | 16 | +| A.5.3 IDL specification “KernelCmIRPSystem.idl” ..... | 18 | +| A.5.4 IDL specification “KernelCmIRPNotifications.idl” ..... | 19 | +| Annex B (normative): XML definitions..... | 22 | +| B.1 Architectural features..... | 22 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 22 | +| B.2 Mapping ..... | 22 | +| B.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 22 | +| B.3.1 XML definition structure ..... | 22 | +| B.3.2 Graphical Representation..... | 22 | +| B.3.3 XML Schema “kernelNtf.xsd”..... | 25 | +| Annex C (normative): SOAP Solution Set..... | 28 | +| C.1 Architectural Features..... | 28 | +| C.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names and versions..... | 28 | +| C.1.2 Notifications ..... | 28 | +| C.1.3 IRP document version number string..... | 28 | +| C.2 Mapping ..... | 29 | +| C.2.1 General mappings..... | 29 | +| C.2.2 Operation and Notification mapping..... | 29 | +| C.2.3 Operation parameter mapping..... | 30 | +| C.2.3.1 Operation getNRMIRPVersion..... | 30 | +| C.2.3.1.1 Input parameters ..... | 30 | +| C.2.3.1.2 Output parameters..... | 30 | +| C.2.2.1.3 Fault definition..... | 30 | + +C.3 Solution Set definitions ..... 31 +C.3.1 WSDL definition structure ..... 31 +C.3.2 Graphical Representation ..... 31 +C.3.3 WSDL specification “KernelCMIRPSystem.wsdl” ..... 32 +**Annex D (informative): Change history ..... 35** + +# Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.661 Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM Requirements +- 32.662 Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM Information Service (IS) +- 32.666 Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions** + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the Solution Set definitions for the IRP whose semantics is specified in Kernel CM (Configuration Management) IRP: Information Service 3GPP TS 32.662 [7]. + +This Solution Set definitions specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.662 V11.0.X. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.662: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM: Information Service (IS)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [6] Object Management Group 98 (November 1998): "*Notification Service: Joint Revised Submission OMG TC Document telecom/98-11-01*". +- [7] OMG CORBA Services (November 1996): "Common Object Services Specification". +- [8] The Common Object Request Broker: Architecture and Specification (for specification of valid version, see [1]). +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.306: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.111-6: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 3: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.312: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management: Information Service (IS)". +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.676: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); State Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.311: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management: Requirements". +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.336: "Telecommunication management; Notification Log (NL) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [15] 3GPP TS 32.331: "Telecommunication management; Notification Log (NL) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". + +- [16] 3GPP TS 32.172: "Telecommunication management; Subscription Management (SuM) IRP; Network Resources Model (NRM)". +- [17] 3GPP TS 32.316: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [18] W3C SOAP 1.1 specification () +- [19] W3C WSDL 1.1 specification () +- [20] W3C XPath 1.0 specification () +- [21] WS-I Basic Profile Version 1.1 () +- [22] W3C SOAP 1.2 specification () + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.600 [3], 3GPP TS 32.662 [4] and 3GPP TS 32.331[15] apply. + +**IRP document version number string (or "IRPVersion"):** See 3GPP TS 32.311 [13]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------| +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DN | Distinguished Name | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language (OMG) | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NL | Notification Log | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| SS | Solution Set | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | +| VSE | Vendor Specific Extensions | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# --- 4 Solution Set definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP Kernel CM IRP Solution Set definitions: + +- 3GPP Kernel CM IRP CORBA SS (Annex A) +- 3GPP Kernel CM IRP XML definitions (Annex B) +- 3GPP Kernel CM IRP SOAP Solution Set (Annex C) + +# Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in Kernel CM IRP: Information Service (TS 32.662 [4]). + +## A.1 Architectural Features + +The overall architectural feature of Kernel Configuration Management IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4]. + +This clause specifies features that are specific to the CORBA SS. + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names and Versions + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. + +The version of this IRP is represented as a string (see also clause 3.1). + +### A.1.2 Notifications + +Notifications are sent according to the Notification IRP: CORBA SS (see 3GPP TS 32.303 [9]). + +The contents of the Kernel CM IRP notifications are defined in the present document. + +### A.1.3 Filter language + +The filter language used in the SS is the Extended Trader Constraint Language (see OMG Notification Service [6]). IRPAgents may throw a FilterComplexityLimit exception when a given filter is too complex. + +## A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 Operation and Notification mapping + +The Kernel CM IRP: IS (see 3GPP TS 32.662 [4]) defines semantics of operation and notification visible across the Kernel Configuration Management IRP. The following table in this subclause indicates mapping of these operations and notifications to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table A.2.1: Mapping from IS Notification/Operation to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation/ notification
(3GPP TS 32.662 [4]) | SS Method | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|-----------| +| getNRMIRPVersion | get_nrm_irp_version | M | +| notifyObjectCreation | See Notification IRP: CORBA SS [9] | O | +| notifyObjectDeletion | See Notification IRP: CORBA SS [9] | O | +| notifyAttributeValueChange | See Notification IRP: CORBA SS [9] | O | +| notifyStateChange | See Notification IRP: CORBA SS [9] | O | +| getIRPVersion | get_kernel_cm_irp_versions | M | +| getOperationProfile | get_kernel_cm_irp_operations_profile | O | +| getNotificationProfile | get_kernel_cm_irp_notification_profile | O | +| notifyCMSynchronizationRecommended | See Notification IRP: CORBA SS [9] | O | + +### A.2.2 Operation parameter mapping + +The Kernel CM IRP: IS (see 3GPP TS 32.662 [4]) defines semantics of parameters carried in operations across the Kernel Configuration Management IRP. The following tables in this subclause indicate the mapping of these parameters, as per operation, to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table A.2.2.1: Mapping from IS getNRMIRPVersion parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| versionNumberList | ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet version_number_list | M | +| vSEVersionNumberList | ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet
vse_version_number_list | M | +| status | Exceptions:
GetNRMIRPVersion | M | + +**Table A.2.2.2: Mapping from IS getIRPVersion parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| versionNumberList | Return value of type ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet | M | +| status | exception GetKernelCmIRPVersionsException | M | + +**Table A.2.2.3: Mapping from IS getOperationProfile parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| irpVersion | ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber kernel_cm_irp_version | M | +| operationNameProfile,
operationParameterProfile | Return value of type ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList | M | +| status | Exceptions:
GetKernelCMIRPOperationsProfileException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +**Table A.2.2.4: Mapping from IS getNotificationProfile parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Method parameter | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| irpVersion | ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber kernel_cm_irp_version | M | +| notificationNameProfile,
notificationParameterProfile | Return value of type ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList | M | +| status | Exceptions:
GetKernelCMIRPNotificationProfileException,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported,
ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter | M | + +### A.2.3 Notification attribute mapping + +The Kernel CM IRP: IS (see 3GPP TS 32.662 [4]) identifies and defines the semantics of attributes for notifyObjectCreation, notifyObjectDeletion, notifyAttributeValueChange, notifyStateChange and notifyCMSynchronizationRecommended for use for its IRP. The following table in this subclause shows the mapping of the IS notifications to SS equivalents. + +**Table A.2.3.1: Mapping from IS notifications to SS equivalents** + +| IS notifications in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4] | SS notifications | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------|-----------------------|-----------| +| NotifyObjectCreation | push_structured_event | O | +| NotifyObjectDeletion | push_structured_event | O | +| NotifyAttributeValueChange | push_structured_event | O | +| NotifyStateChange | push_structured_event | O | +| NotifyCMSynchronizationRecommended | push_structured_event | O | + +The Kernel CM IRP: IS (see 3GPP TS 32.662 [4]) also qualifies the attributes. The following tables in this subclause show the mapping of these IS attributes to SS equivalents. + +**Table A.2.3.2: Mapping from IS Notification Header attributes to SS equivalent** + +| IS Attribute of Notification Header in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4] | SS Attribute | Qualifier | +|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| objectClass,objectInstance | NotificationIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::MANAGED OBJECT INSTANCE | M | +| notificationId | NotificationIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::NOTIFICATION_ID | M | +| eventTime | NotificationIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::EVENT_TIME | M | +| systemDN | NotificationIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::SYSTEM_DN | O | +| notificationType | -- | M | + +**Table A.2.3.3: Mapping from IS notifyObjectCreation attributes to SS equivalent OBJECT\_CREATION** + +| IS Attribute of notifyObjectCreation in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4] | SS Attribute | Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| notificationHeader | See table A.2.3.2 | M | +| correlatedNotifications | KernelCmNotifications::MOCreation::CORRELATED_NOTIFICATIONS | O | +| additionalText | KernelCmNotifications::MOCreation::ADDITIONAL_TEXT | O | +| sourceIndicator | KernelCmNotifications::MOCreation::SOURCE_INDICATOR | O | +| attributeList | KernelCmNotifications::MOCreation::InitialAttributeValues (contained in remainder_of_body) | O | + +**Table A.2.3.4: Mapping from IS notifyObjectDeletion attributes to SS equivalent OBJECT\_DELETION** + +| IS Attribute of notifyObjectDeletion in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4] | SS Attribute | Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| notificationHeader | See table A.2.3.2 | M | +| correlatedNotifications | KernelCmNotifications::MODeletion::CORRELATED_NOTIFICATIONS | O | +| additionalText | KernelCmNotifications::MODeletion::ADDITIONAL_TEXT | O | +| sourceIndicator | KernelCmNotifications::MODeletion::SOURCE_INDICATOR | O | +| attributeList | KernelCmNotifications::MODeletion::AttributeValues (contained in remainder_of_body) | O | + +**Table A.2.3.5: Mapping from IS notifyAttributeValueChange attributes to SS equivalent ATTRIBUTE\_VALUE\_CHANGE** + +| IS Attribute of notifyAttributeValueChange in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4] | SS Attribute | Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| notificationHeader | See table A.2.3.2 | M | +| correlatedNotifications | KernelCmNotifications::AttributeValueChange::CORRELATED_NOTIFICATIONS | O | +| additionalText | KernelCmNotifications::AttributeValueChange::ADDITIONAL_TEXT | O | +| sourceIndicator | KernelCmNotifications::AttributeValueChange::SOURCE_INDICATOR | O | +| attributeValueChangeDefinition | KernelCmNotifications::AttributeValueChange::ModifiedAttributeSet (contained in remainder_of_body) | M | + +**Table A.2.3.6: Mapping from IS `notifyCMSynchronizationRecommended` attributes to SS equivalent `REQUEST_CM_SYNCHRONIZATION`** + +| IS Attribute of notifyCMSynchronizationRecommended in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4] | SS Attribute | Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| notificationHeader | See table A.2.3.2 | M | +| baseMOClass | KernelCmNotifications::CMSynchronizationRecommended::BASE_MO_CLASS | M | +| baseMOInstance | KernelCmNotifications::CMSynchronizationRecommended::BASE_MO_INSTANCE | M | +| scope | KernelCmNotifications::CMSynchronizationRecommended::SCOPE | M | +| additionalText | KernelCmNotifications::CMSynchronizationRecommended::ADDITIONAL_TEXT | O | + +**Table A.2.3.7: Mapping from IS `notifyStateChange` attributes to SS equivalent `STATE_CHANGE`** + +| IS Attribute of notifyStateChange in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4] | SS Attribute | Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| notificationHeader | See table A.2.3.2 | M | +| stateChange | StateManagementIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue (see note) | M | +| correlatedNotifications | KernelCmNotifications::StateChange::CORRELATED_NOTIFICATIONS | O | +| additionalText | KernelCmNotifications::StateChange::ADDITIONAL_TEXT | O | +| sourceIndicator | KernelCmNotifications::StateChange::SOURCE_INDICATOR | O | +| NOTE: The stateChange attribute is mapped into name-value pairs that contain the state identifier in the name and the new and optional old state values in the attribute field (See TS 32.676 [12] StateManagementIRPConstDefs IDL <State Name>OldNewValue structures). | | | + +## A.3 Use of OMG Structured Event + +In CORBA SS, OMG defined `StructuredEvent` (see OMG Notification Service [6]) is used to carry notifications. This clause identifies the OMG defined `StructuredEvent` attributes that carry the attributes of notifications defined in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4]. + +The composition of OMG `StructuredEvent`, as defined in OMG Notification Service [6], is: + +``` +Header + Fixed Header + domain_name + type_name + event_name + Variable Header +Body + filterable_body_fields + remainder_of_body +``` + +The following table in this clause lists all OMG `StructuredEvent` attributes in its leftmost column. The second column identifies the SS attributes, if any, that shall be carried there. + +Attributes that are denoted as "optional" may be absent from the OMG `StructuredEvent`. As an example, if the optional `additionalText` attribute is not used for a particular notification, then the `IRPAgent` may exclude `additionalText` from the `filterable_body_fields` for that particular notification. Individual notifications from the same `IRPAgent` may include or exclude the same optional attribute. + +**TableA.3.1: Use of OMG Structured Event** + +| IS Parameters | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Comment | +|--------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| There is no corresponding IS parameter | domain_name | It contains the supported SS document version. This version is defined by the string constant KernelCmIRPSystem::VERSION defined in this specification. | +| notificationType | type_name | It is an attribute of notificationHeader . It shall indicate one of the following: Object Creation , Object Deletion , Attribute Value Change , State Change and CM Synchronization Recommended . It is a string. Its value is either defined by KernelCmNotifications::MOCreation::EVENT_TYPE , KernelCmNotifications::MODeletion::EVENT_TYPE , KernelCmNotifications::AttributeValueChange::EVENT_TYPE , KernelCmNotifications::StateChange::EVENT_TYPE or KernelCmNotifications::CMSynchronizationRecommended::EVENT_TYPE | +| There is no corresponding IS parameter | event_name | It shall be set to an empty string. | +| There is no corresponding IS parameter | variable Header | | +| objectClass , objectInstance | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | NV stands for name-value pair. Order arrangement of NV pairs is not significant. The name of NV -pair is always encoded in string.
Name of this NV pair is the MANAGED_OBJECT_INSTANCE of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs .
Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [9]). | +| notificationId | One NV pair of remainder_of_body | Name of NV pair is the NOTIFICATION_ID of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs .
Value of NV pair is a long. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [9]). | +| eventTime | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | Name of NV pair is the EVENT_TIME of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs .
Value of NV pair is IRPTime . See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS (3GPP TS 32.306 [9]). | +| systemDN | One NV pair of filterable_body_fields | Name of NV pair is the SYSTEM_DN of interface AttributeNameValue of module NotificationIRPConstDefs .
Value of NV pair is a string. See corresponding table in Notification IRP: CORBA SS [9]. | +| correlatedNotifications | One NV pair of remainder_of_body | It is an attribute of the Object Creation , Object Deletion and Attribute Value Change notifications.
Name of NV pair is the KernelCmNotifications::NotificationCommon::CORRELATED_NOTIFICATIONS .
Value of NV pair is a NotificationIRPConstDefs::CorrelatedNotificationSet defined in 3GPP TS 32.306 [9]. | +| additionalText | One NV pair of remainder_of_body | It is an attribute of the Object Creation , Object Deletion , Attribute Value Change and CM Synchronization Recommended notifications.
Name of NV pair is the KernelCmNotifications::NotificationCommon::ADDITIONAL_TEXT
Value of NV pair is a string. | + +| IS Parameters | OMG CORBA Structured Event attribute | Comment | +|-------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| sourceIndicator | One NV pair of remainder_of_body | It is an attribute of the Object Creation, Object Deletion and Attribute Value Change notifications.
Name of NV pair is the KernelCmConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::SOURCE_INDICATOR.
Value of NV pair is the KernelCmNotifications::NotificationCommon::RESOURCE_OPERATION or MANAGEMENT_OPERATION or UNKNOWN_OPERATION. | +| attributeList | remainder_of_non_filterable_body (see 3GPP TS 32.306 [9]) | It is used to transport attribute information.
For Object Creation notification, this is defined by KernelCmNotifications::MOCreation::InitialAttributeValues.
For Object Deletion notification, this is defined by KernelCmNotifications::MODeletion::AttributeValues.
The name component of InitialAttributeValues and AttributeValues will be set to attribute names defined in KernelCmNRMDefs. | +| attributeValueChangeDefinition | remainder_of_non_filterable_body (see 3GPP TS 32.306 [9]) | For Attribute Value Change notification, this is defined by KernelCmNotifications::AttributeValueChange::ModifiedAttributeSet.
The name component of ModifiedAttributeSet will be set to attribute name defined in KernelCmNRMDefs. | +| StateManagementIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue | A set of up to 9 Name-value pairs
See table A.3.2. All these 9 NV pairs are part of the remainder_of_body | For state change notifications a series of up to 9 name-value pairs might be sent corresponding with the new and old values of each state/status attribute which has changed its value.
The new values of each state/status attributes that have changed are sent.
The IRP agent may optionally send the old state/status changes.
The name of the name-value pairs are defined by StateManagementIRPConstDefs::AttributeNameValue | +| baseMOClass | One NV pair of remainder_of_body | It is an attribute of the CMSynchronizationRecommended notification.
Name of NV pair is a string,
KernelCmNotifications::CMSynchronizationRecommended::BASE_MO_CLASS.
Value of NV pair is a string. This string conveys the semantics of the Managed Object Class. | +| baseMOInstance | One NV pair of remainder_of_body | It is an attribute of the CMSynchronizationRecommended notification.
Name of NV pair is the KernelCmNotifications::CMSynchronizationRecommended::BASE_MO_INSTANCE.
Value of NV pair is a string. This is the DN string of the Managed Object Instance. | +| scope | One NV pair of remainder_of_body | It is an attribute of the CMSynchronizationRecommended notification.
Name of NV pair is the KernelCmNotifications::CMSynchronizationRecommended::SCOPE.
Value of NV pair is KernelCmConstDefs::ScopePara. | + +**Table A.3.2 Name – value pairs for state change notifications** + +| Name | Value | +|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------| +| OPERATIONAL_STATE | StateManagementIRPConstDefs::OperationalStateOldNewValue | +| USAGE_STATE | StateManagementIRPConstDefs::UsageStateOldNewValue | +| ADMINISTRATIVE_STATE | StateManagementIRPConstDefs::AdministrativeStateOldNewValue | +| ALARM_STATUS | StateManagementIRPConstDefs::AlarmStatusOldNewValue | +| PROCEDURAL_STATUS | StateManagementIRPConstDefs::ProceduralStatusOldNewValue | +| AVAILABILITY_STATUS | StateManagementIRPConstDefs::AvailabilityStatusOldNewValue | +| CONTROL_STATUS | StateManagementIRPConstDefs::ControlStatusOldNewValue | +| STANDBY_STATUS | StateManagementIRPConstDefs::StandbyStatusOldNewValue | +| UNKNOWN_STATUS | StateManagementIRPConstDefs::UnknownStatusOldNewValue | + +## --- A.4 Rules for NRM extensions + +This clause discusses how the models and IDL definitions provided in the present document can be extended for a particular implementation and still remain compliant with 3GPP SA5's specifications. + +### A.4.1 Extensions not allowed + +The IDL specifications in the present document cannot be edited or altered. Any additional IDL specifications shall be specified in separate IDL files. + +IDL interfaces (note: not MOCs) specified in the present document may not be subclassed or extended. New interfaces may be defined with vendor-specific methods. + +## --- A.5 Solution Set definitions + +### A.5.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.5.2 defines the constants and types used by the Kernel CM IRP. + +Clause A.5.3 defines the operations which are performed by the Kernel CM IRP agent. + +Clause A.5.4 defines the notifications which are performed by the Kernel CM IRP agent. + +### A.5.2 IDL specification “KernelCmConstDefs.idl” + +``` +//File: KernelCmConstDefs.idl +#ifndef _KERNEL_CM_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ +#define _KERNEL_CM_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +module KernelCmConstDefs +{ + /** + * Information about one attribute + * - name defines the name of the attribute + * - value defines the value of the attribute + */ + struct MOAttribute + { + string name; + any value; + }; + + /** + * A set of attribute names and values + */ + typedef sequence MOAttributeSet; + + /** + * ScopeType defines the kind of scope to use in a CM synchronization + * request together with ScopePara.level, in the SCOPE field. + * + * ScopePara.level is always >= 0. If a level is bigger than the + * depth of the tree there will be no exceptions thrown. + * BASE_ONLY: level ignored, just return the base object. + * BASE_NTH_LEVEL: return all subordinate objects that are on "level" + * distance from the base object, where 0 is the base object. + * BASE_SUBTREE: return the base object and all of its subordinates + * down to and including the nth level. + * BASE_ALL: level ignored, return the base object and all of it's + * subordinates. + */ + enum ScopeType + { + BASE_ONLY, + BASE_NTH_LEVEL, + BASE_SUBTREE, + BASE_ALL + }; + + struct ScopePara + { + ScopeType type; + unsigned long level; + }; + + /* The format of Distinguished Name (DN) is specified in 3GPP TS 32.300 + * "Name Conventions for Managed Objects". + */ + typedef string DN; + + typedef sequence NotifIdSet; + + /* + * This holds identifiers of notifications that are correlated. + */ + struct CorrelatedNotification + { + DN source; // Contains DN of MO that emitted the set of notifications + // DN string format in compliance with Name Convention for + // Managed Object. + // This may be a zero-length string. In this case, the MO + // is identified by the value of the MOI attribute + // of the Structured Event, i.e., the notification. + NotifIdSet notif_id_set; // Set of related notification ids + }; +}; +``` + +``` +/* +Correlated Notification sets are sets of Correlated Notification +structures. +*/ +typedef sequence CorrelatedNotificationSet; + +/* +This block identifies attributes which are included as part of the Kernel +CM IRP. These attribute values should not clash with those defined for the +attributes of notification header (see IDL of Notification IRP). +*/ +interface AttributeNameValue +{ + const string SOURCE_INDICATOR = "SOURCE"; + const string ADDITIONAL_TEXT = "ADD_TEXT"; + const string CORRELATED_NOTIFICATIONS = "CORREL_NOTIFS"; + const string BASE_MO_CLASS = "BASE_MOC"; + const string BASE_MO_INSTANCE = "BASE_MOI"; + const string SCOPE = "SCOPE"; +}; + +}; + +#endif // _KERNEL_CM_CONST_DEFS_IDL_ +``` + +### A.5.3 IDL specification “KernelCmIRPSystem.idl” + +``` +//File: KernelCmIRPSystem.idl +#ifndef _KERNEL_CM_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +#define _KERNEL_CM_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ + +#include +#include + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +module KernelCmIRPSystem +{ + exception GetKernelCMIRPNotificationProfileException { string reason; }; + exception GetKernelCMIRPOperationsProfileException { string reason; }; + exception GetNRMIRPVersion { string reason; }; + exception GetKernelCMIRPVersionsException { string reason; }; + + /** + * The KernelCmIrpOperations interface. + * Supports a number of Resource Model versions. + */ + interface KernelCmIrpOperations + { + /* + * Return the list of all supported Kernel CM IRP versions. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet get_kernel_cm_irp_versions ( + ) + raises (GetKernelCMIRPVersionsException); + + /** + * Get the version(s) of the interface + * + * @raises GetNRMIRPVersion when the system for some reason + * can not return the supported versions. + * @returns all supported versions. + */ + void get_nrm_irp_version + ( + out ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet version_number_list, + out ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumberSet vse_version_number_list + ) + raises (GetNRMIRPVersion); + + /* + * Return the list of all supported operations and their supported + * parameters for a specific KernelCM IRP version. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList get_kernel_cm_irp_operations_profile ( + in ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber kernel_cm_irp_version + ) + raises (GetKernelCMIRPOperationsProfileException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + /* + * Return the list of all supported notifications and their supported + * parameters for a specific KernelCM IRP version. + */ + ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::MethodList + get_kernel_cm_irp_notification_profile + ( + in ManagedGenericIRPConstDefs::VersionNumber kernel_cm_irp_version + ) + raises (GetKernelCMIRPNotificationProfileException, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::OperationNotSupported, + ManagedGenericIRPSystem::InvalidParameter); + + }; +}; + +#endif // _KERNEL_CM_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +``` + +### A.5.4 IDL specification “KernelCmIRPNotifications.idl” + +``` + +//File: KernelCmNotifications.idl +#ifndef _KERNEL_CM_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ +#define _KERNEL_CM_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ + +#include +#include + +// This statement must appear after all include statements +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +module KernelCmNotifications +{ + /** + * This interface defines fields that are common for all + * notification types. + * All constants in the scope of this interface will be + * visible in the interfaces that inherits this. + * For instance constant + * NotificationCommon::MANAGED_OBJECT_CLASS + * can be addressed by MODeletion::MANAGED_OBJECT_CLASS + */ + interface NotificationCommon: NotificationIRPNotifications::Notify + { + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the + * source indicator property. + */ + const string SOURCE_INDICATOR = + KernelCmConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::SOURCE_INDICATOR; + + /** + * Valid values for the SOURCE_INDICATOR + * property + */ + const string RESOURCE_OPERATION = "RESOURCE OPERATION"; + const string MANAGEMENT_OPERATION = "MANAGEMENT OPERATION"; + const string SON_OPERATION = "SON OPERATION"; + const string UNKNOWN_OPERATION = "UNKNOWN"; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the + * additional text property. + * The data type for the value of this property + * is a string. + */ + const string ADDITIONAL_TEXT = + KernelCmConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::ADDITIONAL_TEXT; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the + * correlated notifications property. + * The value part of the property is + * KernelCmConstDefs::CorrelatedNotificationSet + */ + const string CORRELATED_NOTIFICATIONS = + KernelCmConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::CORRELATED_NOTIFICATIONS; + }; + + /** + * Constant definitions for the MO deleted notification + */ + interface MODeletion : NotificationCommon + { + const string EVENT_TYPE = "x7"; + + /** + * This information mapped into the remainder_of_body + * in the StructuredEvent + */ + typedef KernelCmConstDefs::MOAttributeSet AttributeValues; + }; + + /** + * Constant definitions for the MO created notification + */ + +``` + +``` +*/ +interface MOCreation : NotificationCommon +{ + const string EVENT_TYPE = "x6"; + + /** + * This information mapped into the remainder_of_body + * in the StructuredEvent + */ + typedef KernelCmConstDefs::MOAttributeSet InitialAttributeValues; +}; + +/** + * Constant definitions for the Attribute Value Change + * notification + */ +interface AttributeValueChange : NotificationCommon +{ + const string EVENT_TYPE = "x8"; + + /** + * Information about modified attributes for + * one MO instance. + * - name defines the name of the attribute + * - new_value defines the new value of the attribute + * - old_value defines the previous value of the attribute + * The value is optional, which means that it may contain + * an empty any (null inserted in the any). + */ + struct ModifiedAttribute + { + string name; + any new_value; + any old_value; + }; + + /** + * This information mapped into the remainder_of_body + * in the StructuredEvent. + */ + typedef sequence ModifiedAttributeSet; +}; + +/** + * Constant definitions for the CM Synchronization Recommended notification + */ +interface CMSynchronizationRecommended: NotificationIRPNotifications::Notify +{ + const string EVENT_TYPE = "x9"; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the + * additional text property. + * The data type for the value of this property + * is a string. + */ + const string ADDITIONAL_TEXT = + KernelCmConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::ADDITIONAL_TEXT; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the + * base MO class property. + * The value part of this property will carry + * the base MO class name as a string. + */ + const string BASE_MO_CLASS = + KernelCmConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::BASE_MO_CLASS; + + /** + * This constant defines the name of the + * base MO instance property. + * The value part of this property will carry + * the base MO distinguished name as a string. + */ + const string BASE_MO_INSTANCE = + KernelCmConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::BASE_MO_INSTANCE; +} +``` + +``` +/** + * This constant defines the name of the + * scope property. + * The data type for the value of this property + * is KernelCmConstDefs::ScopePara. + */ +const string SCOPE = + KernelCmConstDefs::AttributeNameValue::SCOPE; +}; + +/** + * Constant definitions for the State Change notification + */ +interface StateChange : NotificationCommon +{ + const string EVENT_TYPE = "xA"; +}; + +}; + +#endif // _KERNEL_CM_NOTIFICATIONS_IDL_ +``` + +# Annex B (normative): XML definitions + +The annex specifies the XML Definitions for the Kernel CM Integration Reference Point (IRP) as it applies to Itf-N, in accordance with Kernel CM IRP IS definitions [4] as well as Notification Log IRP XML Definitions [14]. + +## B.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of Kernel CM IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4]. + +This clause specifies features that are specific to the XML Schema definitions. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [6]. + +## B.2 Mapping + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +## B.3 Solution Set definitions + +### B.3.1 XML definition structure + +Clause B.3.2 provides a graphical representation of the XML elements. + +Clause B.3.3 provides XML definitions of Kernel CM IRP notifications as defined in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4]. + +### B.3.2 Graphical Representation + +![Graphical representation of the XML definition structure for NotifyObjectCreation.](6efcea66501271e9ea36cf33982f08d5_img.jpg) + +``` +graph LR; NOC[NotifyObjectCreation] --> NH[xe:header]; NOC --> NB[nk:body]; NH --> NH1[xe:header]; NB --> NB1[nk:body]; NB1 --> CN[nk:correlatedNotification]; NB1 --> AT[nk:additionalText]; NB1 --> SI[nk:sourceIndicator]; NB1 --> AL[nk:attributeList]; CN --> CN1[nk:correlatedNotification]; CN1 --> S[nk:source]; CN1 --> NIS[nk:notification-id-set]; AL --> AL1[nk:attributeList]; AL1 --> AH[nk:AnyHrm]; AH --> AH1[nk:AnyHrm]; AH1 --> A[any ##any]; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the XML definition structure for the **NotifyObjectCreation** element. It shows a hierarchical breakdown of the element into its components: **xe:header** and **nk:body**. The **nk:body** component is further detailed with sub-elements: **nk:correlatedNotification**, **nk:additionalText**, **nk:sourceIndicator**, and **nk:attributeList**. The **nk:correlatedNotification** element is expanded to show **nk:source** and **nk:notification-id-set**. The **nk:attributeList** element is expanded to show **nk:AnyHrm**, which in turn is expanded to show **any ##any**. + +Graphical representation of the XML definition structure for NotifyObjectCreation. + +![ASN.1 diagram for NotifyObjectDeletion. It shows a Notification structure with a header and a body. The body contains correlatedNotification, additionalText, sourceIndicator, and attributeList. correlatedNotification contains source and notification-id-set. attributeList contains any ##any.](eb03559a4d92ea9ebd63ea9be663c50a_img.jpg) + +ASN.1 diagram for **NotifyObjectDeletion**: + +- xe:Notification** + - xe:header** + - nk:body** + - nk:correlatedNotification** + - nk:source** + - nk:notification-id-set** + - nk:additionalText** + - nk:sourceIndicator** + - nk:attributeList** + - nk:AnyHrm** + - any ##any** + +ASN.1 diagram for NotifyObjectDeletion. It shows a Notification structure with a header and a body. The body contains correlatedNotification, additionalText, sourceIndicator, and attributeList. correlatedNotification contains source and notification-id-set. attributeList contains any ##any. + +![ASN.1 diagram for NotifyAttributeValue. It shows a Notification structure with a header and a body. The body contains correlatedNotification, additionalText, sourceIndicator, and attributeList. correlatedNotification contains source and notification-id-set. attributeList contains attributeNameValueListType, which contains attributeNameValue (1..∞) and any ##any.](844077b3034f0030b404207db0ad76b4_img.jpg) + +ASN.1 diagram for **NotifyAttributeValue...**: + +- xe:Notification** + - xe:header** + - nk:body** + - nk:correlatedNotification** + - nk:source** + - nk:notification-id-set** + - nk:additionalText** + - nk:sourceIndicator** + - nk:attributeList** + - nk:attributeNameValueListType** + - nk:attributeNameValue** (1..∞) + - any ##any** + +ASN.1 diagram for NotifyAttributeValue. It shows a Notification structure with a header and a body. The body contains correlatedNotification, additionalText, sourceIndicator, and attributeList. correlatedNotification contains source and notification-id-set. attributeList contains attributeNameValueListType, which contains attributeNameValue (1..∞) and any ##any. + +![ASN.1 diagram for NotifyCMSynchronization. It shows a Notification structure with a header and a body. The body contains baseM0Instance, scope, and additionalText. scope contains ScopeType, which contains category and level.](d9c0a780cd22626253dab4aa41699e2f_img.jpg) + +ASN.1 diagram for **NotifyCMSynchronizat...**: + +- xe:Notification** + - xe:header** + - nk:body** + - nk:baseM0Instance** + - nk:scope** + - nk:ScopeType** + - nk:category** + - nk:level** + - nk:additionalText** + +ASN.1 diagram for NotifyCMSynchronization. It shows a Notification structure with a header and a body. The body contains baseM0Instance, scope, and additionalText. scope contains ScopeType, which contains category and level. + +![A hierarchical diagram showing the structure of a notification. The root is 'NotifyStateChange', which branches into 'xe:header' (under 'xe:Notification') and 'nk:body'. 'nk:body' branches into 'nk:stateChangeList', 'nk:correlatedNotification', 'nk:additionalText', and 'nk:sourceIndicator'. 'nk:stateChangeList' leads to 'nk:StateChangeListType' containing 'nk:StateChange' (1..∞). 'nk:correlatedNotification' leads to 'nk:correlatedNotification' containing 'nk:source' and 'nk:notification-id-set'.](ae53f90bb87d6d09e2d6b5278d7c338f_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; NotifyStateChange[NotifyStateChange] --> xe:header[xe:header]; subgraph xe:Notification; xe:header; end; NotifyStateChange --> nk:body[nk:body]; nk:body --> nk:stateChangeList[nk:stateChangeList]; nk:body --> nk:correlatedNotification[nk:correlatedNotification]; nk:body --> nk:additionalText[nk:additionalText]; nk:body --> nk:sourceIndicator[nk:sourceIndicator]; nk:stateChangeList --> nk:StateChangeListType[nk:StateChangeListType]; subgraph nk:StateChangeListType; nk:StateChange[nk:StateChange]; end; nk:StateChange --> nk:StateChangeListType; nk:correlatedNotification --> nk:correlatedNotification; subgraph nk:correlatedNotification; nk:source[nk:source]; nk:notification-id-set[nk:notification-id-set]; end; +``` + +A hierarchical diagram showing the structure of a notification. The root is 'NotifyStateChange', which branches into 'xe:header' (under 'xe:Notification') and 'nk:body'. 'nk:body' branches into 'nk:stateChangeList', 'nk:correlatedNotification', 'nk:additionalText', and 'nk:sourceIndicator'. 'nk:stateChangeList' leads to 'nk:StateChangeListType' containing 'nk:StateChange' (1..∞). 'nk:correlatedNotification' leads to 'nk:correlatedNotification' containing 'nk:source' and 'nk:notification-id-set'. + +### B.3.3 XML Schema “kernelNtf.xsd” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# Annex C (normative): SOAP Solution Set + +The overall architectural feature of Kernel Configuration Management IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.662 [4]. + +This clause specifies features that are specific to the SOAP SS. + +The SOAP 1.1 specification [18] and WSDL 1.1 specification [21] are supported. + +The SOAP 1.2 specification [22] is supported optionally. + +This specification uses "document" style in WSDL file. + +This specification uses "literal" encoding style in WSDL file. + +This specification uses a number of namespace prefixes throughout that are listed in Table C.1. + +**Table C.1: Prefixes and Namespaces used in this specification** + +| PREFIX | NAMESPACE | +|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| http | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/ | +| soap | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/ | +| SOAP-ENV | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/ | +| SOAP-ENC or soapenc | http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/ | +| xs or xsd | http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema | +| xsi | http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance | +| kernelCMIRPSYSTEM | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.666#KernelCMIRPSYSTEM | +| kernelCMIRPData | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.666#KernelCMIRPData | +| ntfIRPSYSTEM | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.306#NotificationIRPntfSYSTEM | +| genericIRPSYSTEM | http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/32_series/32.316#GenericIRPSYSTEM | + +## C.1 Architectural Features + +### C.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names and versions + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. + +The version of this IRP is represented as a string (see also clause C.1.3). + +### C.1.2 Notifications + +Notifications are sent according to the Notification IRP: SOAP SS (see 3GPP TS 32.306 [9]). + +The contents of the Kernel CM IRP notifications are defined in KernelCM IRP XML definition in Annex B. + +### C.1.3 IRP document version number string + +The IRP document version number (sometimes called "IRPVersion" or "SS version number") string is used to identify this specification. The string is derived using a rule described in 3GPP TS 32.311 [13]. The value of this string is defined by a constant in C.3.3. + +This string (or sequence of strings, if more than one version is supported) is returned in `getIRPVersion` method and is carried in the first field of the notification header of all notifications related to this IRP. + +## C.2 Mapping + +### C.2.1 General mappings + +The IS parameter name `managedObjectInstance` is mapped into DN. + +Attributes modelling associations as defined in the NRM (here also called "reference attributes") are in this SS mapped to attributes. The names of the reference attributes in the NRM are mapped to the corresponding attribute names in the MOC. When the cardinality for an association is 0..1 or 1..1 the datatype for the reference attribute is defined as an `MOReference`. The value of an MO reference contains the distinguished name of the associated MO. When the cardinality for an association allows more than one referred MO, the reference attribute will be of type `MOReferenceSet`, which contains a sequence of MO references. + +If a reference attribute is changed, an `AttributeValueChange` notification is emitted. + +### C.2.2 Operation and Notification mapping + +The Kernel CM IRP: IS (see 3GPP TS 32.662 [4]) defines semantics of operation and notification visible across the Kernel Configuration Management IRP. The following table in this subclause indicates mapping of these operations and notifications to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +**Table C.2.2: Mapping from IS Notification/Operation to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation/ notification
(3GPP TS 32.662 [4]) | SS Operation | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------| +| getNRMIRPVersion | getNRMIRPVersion | M | +| notifyObjectCreation | ntfIRPSystem:notify (note 2) | O | +| notifyObjectDeletion | ntfIRPSystem:notify (note 2) | O | +| notifyAttributeValueChange | ntfIRPSystem:notify (note 2) | O | +| notifyCMSynchronizationRecommended | ntfIRPSystem:notify (note 2) | O | +| notifyStateChange | ntfIRPSystem:notify (note 2) | O | +| getIRPVersion (see note 1) | getIRPVersion | M | +| getOperationProfile (see note 1) | getOperationProfile | O | +| getNotificationProfile (see note 1) | getNotificationProfile | O | +| NOTE 1: This operation is of IOC ManagedGenericIRP specified in [18]. The IOC KernelCmIRP of [4] inherits from it. | | | +| NOTE 2: The IS equivalent is mapped into parameters of ntfIRPSystem::notify . | | | + +### C.2.3 Operation parameter mapping + +The Kernel CM IRP: IS (3GPP TS 32.662 [4]) defines semantics of parameters carried in operations across the Kernel Configuration Management IRP. The tables below show the mapping of these parameters, as per operation, to their equivalents defined in this SS. + +#### C.2.3.1 Operation getNRMIRPVersion + +##### C.2.3.1.1 Input parameters + +None. + +Here is the XML schema fragment of the getNRMIRPVersion request: + +``` + + + +``` + +##### C.2.3.1.2 Output parameters + +**Table C.2.3.1.2: Mapping from IS getNRMIRPVersion output parameters to SS equivalents** + +| IS Operation parameter | SS Operation parameter | Qualifier | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| versionNumberList | kernelCMIRPData:VersionNumberSetType versionNumberSet | M | +| vSEVersionNumberList | kernelCMIRPData:VersionNumberSetType vSEVersionNumberList | M | +| status | kernelCMIRPData:getNRMIRPVersionFault | M | + +Here is the XML schema fragment of the getNRMIRPVersion response: + +``` + + + + + + + + + +``` + +##### C.2.2.1.3 Fault definition + +``` + + + + + + + + +``` + +## C.3 Solution Set definitions + +### C.3.1 WSDL definition structure + +Clause C.3.2 provides a graphical representation of the Kernel CM IRP service. + +Clause C.3.3 defines the services which are supported the Kernel CM IRP agent. + +### C.3.2 Graphical Representation + +The WSDL structure is like Figure C.3.2: + +![Figure C.3.2: kernelCM IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure diagram](5456ef9dc49ffc9cbb93cf1dd8052884_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the WSDL structure for the kernelCM IRP SOAP Solution Set. It consists of four main components arranged horizontally, connected by red lines: **Operations**, **PortTypes**, **Bindings**, and **Services**. + - **Operations**: A box containing four expandable items: getIRPVersion, getOperationProfile, getNotificationProfile, and getNRMIRPVersion. + - **PortTypes**: A box containing a single element labeled 'KernelCMIRP'. + - **Bindings**: A box containing a single element labeled 'KernelCMIRP'. + - **Services**: A box containing two expandable items, both labeled 'KernelCMIRP'. + Red lines connect the 'Operations' box to the 'PortTypes' box, the 'PortTypes' box to the 'Bindings' box, and the 'Bindings' box to the 'Services' box. + +Figure C.3.2: kernelCM IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure diagram + +Figure C.3.2: kernelCM IRP SOAP Solution Set WSDL structure + +### C.3.3 WSDL specification “KernelCMIRPSystem.wsdl” + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# --- Annex D (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2010-09 | SA#49 | SP-100519 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information and Approval | --- | 1.0.0 | +| 2010-10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | SA#57 | - | - | - | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 10.0.0 | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32672/68ca7669d38a3c31f5a2c3a06fa802e3_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32672/68ca7669d38a3c31f5a2c3a06fa802e3_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a788808e4d373e97c2f47feb586f544d4d55f294 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32672/68ca7669d38a3c31f5a2c3a06fa802e3_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a7969552a49ada759b857d0797931717ff29a23cbfc556e0d03205f83fb415cd +size 33221 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32672/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32672/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3d967524b4935f6666fa925fce01710568fbfa2b --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32672/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------|---| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Void..... | 6 | +| 5 Information Object Classes (IOCs)..... | 6 | +| 5.1 Information entities imported and local labels..... | 6 | +| 5.2 Class diagram..... | 6 | +| 5.2.1 Attributes and relationships..... | 6 | +| 5.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 7 | +| 5.3 Information object classes definition ..... | 7 | +| 5.3.1 StateManagementEntity ..... | 7 | +| 5.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 7 | +| 5.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 7 | +| 5.4 Information attributes definition ..... | 8 | +| 5.4.1 Definition and legal values..... | 8 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 9 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +32.671: Configuration Management (CM); State Management Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements + +**32.672: Configuration Management (CM); State Management Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)** + +32.676: Configuration Management (CM); State Management Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of a deployment program (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation program (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines the Information Service (IS) part of the State Management IRP. It specifies the semantics of the network resource state and status information visible across the Itf-N. It also specifies the interaction required for the management of the state and status information. + +The state and status attributes specified in this document shall be used, where applicable, as attributes in Information Object Class (IOC) definitions of other 3GPP IRPs. When used by the IOC definition, the semantics of the state and status attributes can be qualified and enhanced if deemed necessary. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.302: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.312: "Telecommunication management; Generic Integration Reference Point (IRP) management; Information Service (IS)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [7] ITU-T Recommendation X.731: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management: State management function". +- [8] ITU-T Recommendation X.733: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management: Alarm reporting function". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2] and 3GPP TS 32.600 [6] apply. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-----|-----------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| EM | Element Manager | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | + +| | | +|-----|----------------------------------------------| +| IS | Information Service (see 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]) | +| M | Mandatory | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NR | Network Resource | +| O | Optional | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| OS | Operations System | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language (OMG) | + +# 4 Void + +# 5 Information Object Classes (IOCs) + +## 5.1 Information entities imported and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|-----------------|-------------| +| | | + +There are no information entities imported. + +## 5.2 Class diagram + +### 5.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This subclause depicts the set of information object classes (IOCs) that encapsulate information within the Generic State Management IRP. The intent is to identify the information required for the State Management IRP implementation of its operations and notification emission. This subclause provides the overview of all information object classes in UML. Subsequent subclauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these information object classes. + +![UML Class diagram showing the StateManagementEntity archetype with its attributes.](68ca7669d38a3c31f5a2c3a06fa802e3_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class StateManagementEntity { + <> + #operationalState + #usageState + #administrativeState + #alarmStatus + #proceduralStatus + #availabilityStatus + #controlStatus + #standbyStatus + #unknownStatus + } + +``` + +The diagram shows a single class box for **<> StateManagementEntity**. The class is yellow with a red border. It contains the following protected attributes (indicated by #): + +- # operationalState +- # usageState +- # administrativeState +- # alarmStatus +- # proceduralStatus +- # availabilityStatus +- # controlStatus +- # standbyStatus +- # unknownStatus + +UML Class diagram showing the StateManagementEntity archetype with its attributes. + +### 5.2.2 Inheritance + +There are no inheritance relationships. + +## 5.3 Information object classes definition + +### 5.3.1 StateManagementEntity + +#### 5.3.1.1 Definition + +StateManagementEntity is a Archetype, that may represent any IOC defined in the Network Resource Models, e.g. Generic Network Resource Model, Core Network Resource Model, UTRAN Network Resource Model or GERAN Network Resource Model. + +The attributes defined for this Archetype can be imported and used in any IOC of the Network Resource Models, where such attributes are needed. These attributes shall be used in the same way as defined in the ITU-T Recommendation X.731 [7] and ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [8], unless otherwise stated. That document gives also examples of state diagrams, defining possible state transitions when one or more of the state attributes defined here are used in a class. + +#### 5.3.1.2 Attributes + +The following attributes are defined for this information object class. + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | +|---------------------|-------------------| +| operationalState | N/A | +| usageState | N/A | +| administrativeState | N/A | +| alarmStatus | N/A | +| proceduralStatus | N/A | +| availabilityStatus | N/A | +| controlStatus | N/A | +| standbyStatus | N/A | +| unknownStatus | N/A | + +## 5.4 Information attributes definition + +### 5.4.1 Definition and legal values + +The following table gives the definition and legal values for each attribute. + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| operationalState | It indicates the operational state of the object instance. "It describes whether or not the resource is physically installed and working." [7] This attribute is READ-ONLY. | "Enabled", "Disabled"
The meaning of these values is as defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.731 [7]. | +| usageState | It indicates the usage state of the object instance. "It describes whether or not the resource is actively in use at a specific instant, and if so, whether or not it has spare capacity for additional users at that instant." [7] This attribute is READ-ONLY. | "Idle", "Active", "Busy"
The meaning of these values is as defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.731 [7]. | +| administrativeState | It indicates the administrative state of the object instance. "It describes the permission to use or prohibition against using the resource, imposed through the management services." [7] | "Locked", "Shutting down", "Unlocked"
The meaning of these values is as defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.731 [7]. | +| alarmStatus | It indicates the alarm status of the object instance. This is mapped to the perceived severity of the most severe active alarm associated to the object instance. | "Cleared", "Indeterminate", "Warning", "Minor", "Major", "Critical", The meaning of these values is as defined for the attribute perceived severity in ITU-T Recommendation X.733 [8]. | +| proceduralStatus | It indicates the procedural status of the object instance. | A set consisting of zero or more of the following values: "Initialisation required", "Not initialised", "Initialising", "Reporting", "Terminating". The meaning of these values is as defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.731 [7]. | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| availabilityStatus | It indicates the availability status of the object instance. | A set consisting of zero or more of the following values: "In test", "Failed", "Power off", "Off line", "Off duty", "Dependency", "Degraded", "Not installed", "Log full"
The meaning of these values is as defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.731 [7]. | +| controlStatus | It indicates the control status of the object instance. | A set consisting of zero or more of the following values: "Subject to test", "Part of services locked", "Reserved for test", "Suspended" .
The meaning of these values is as defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.731 [7]. | +| standbyStatus | It indicates the standby status of the object instance. | "Hot standby", "Cold standby", "Providing service", .
The meaning of these values is as defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.731 [7]. | +| UnknownStatus | It indicates whether the state of the resource represented by the managed object is unknown. | "True" (state is unknown, the values of the state attributes may not reflect the actual state of the resource);
"False" (state is known, the values of the state attributes reflect the actual state of the resource). | + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Jun 2002 | SA 16 | SP-020329 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #16 for Information | 1.0.0 | | +| Sep 2002 | SA 17 | SP-020469 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #17 for Approval | 2.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Mar 2004 | SA 23 | SP-040105 | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-6 (no CR) | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Mar 2005 | SA 27 | SP-050051 | 0001 | -- | Remove the irrelevant clause 4 | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | 6.1.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA 42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dfda9514e911e720f17615b44b038e30b0c897de --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:237908cd2b60e2db63c89170c2d3566e5988525ee59cea4065c1b332b37aa990 +size 46354 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ec74917b98d76e0f67c7a179e6c7f904510a05fa --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:2bc911183b12664e0e008418cdf5d397007464791764c07554dfc9e1606d715e +size 62278 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/e6df2733626a85205c1db682e6259c46_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/e6df2733626a85205c1db682e6259c46_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d638de5ae630f3c25536655aa78c7e2b24909bfc --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/e6df2733626a85205c1db682e6259c46_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:5c6063ce04ca9d9cd8b9ebfeafc9a374a7eb0e3a46b2386add2ac6e4e673d3e5 +size 74473 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..17ebf32ea128da014c442e04983d42146b108fd5 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32692/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,963 @@ + + + + +Error! 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No text of specified style in document. + +# Contents + +| | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword .......................................................................................................................................................... | 5 | +| Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... | 5 | +| 1 Scope......................................................................................................................................................... | 6 | +| 2 References.................................................................................................................................................. | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ................................................................................................................... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions........................................................................................................................................... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................... | 7 | +| 4 System overview ....................................................................................................................................... | 8 | +| 4.1 Void..................................................................................................................................................... | 8 | +| 4.2 Compliance rules................................................................................................................................. | 8 | +| 5 Modelling approach .................................................................................................................................. | 8 | +| 6 Information Object Classes........................................................................................................................ | 9 | +| 6.1 Imported information entities and local labels.................................................................................... | 9 | +| 6.2 Class diagram...................................................................................................................................... | 9 | +| 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships.......................................................................................................... | 9 | +| 6.2.2 Inheritance ................................................................................................................................... | 12 | +| 6.3 Information object class definitions ................................................................................................... | 13 | +| 6.3.1 InventoryUnit .............................................................................................................................. | 13 | +| 6.3.1.1 Definition ............................................................................................................................. | 13 | +| 6.3.1.2 Attributes ............................................................................................................................. | 13 | +| 6.3.1.3 Attribute constraints............................................................................................................. | 13 | +| 6.3.1.4 Relationships........................................................................................................................ | 13 | +| 6.3.1.5 State diagram ....................................................................................................................... | 13 | +| 6.3.1.6 Notifications......................................................................................................................... | 13 | +| 6.3.2 InventoryUnitNE ......................................................................................................................... | 13 | +| 6.3.2.1 Definition ............................................................................................................................. | 13 | +| 6.3.2.2 Attributes ............................................................................................................................. | 14 | +| 6.3.2.3 Attribute constraints............................................................................................................. | 14 | +| 6.3.2.4 Relationships........................................................................................................................ | 14 | +| 6.3.2.5 State diagram ....................................................................................................................... | 14 | +| 6.3.2.6 Notifications......................................................................................................................... | 14 | +| 6.3.3 InventoryUnitHw ........................................................................................................................ | 14 | +| 6.3.3.1 Definition ............................................................................................................................. | 14 | +| 6.3.3.2 Attributes ............................................................................................................................. | 14 | +| 6.3.3.3 Attribute constraints............................................................................................................. | 15 | +| 6.3.3.4 Relationships........................................................................................................................ | 15 | +| 6.3.3.5 State diagram ....................................................................................................................... | 15 | +| 6.3.3.6 Notifications......................................................................................................................... | 15 | +| 6.3.4 InventoryUnitSw ......................................................................................................................... | 15 | +| 6.3.4.1 Definition ............................................................................................................................. | 15 | +| 6.3.4.2 Attributes ............................................................................................................................. | 15 | +| 6.3.4.3 Attribute constraints............................................................................................................. | 15 | +| 6.3.4.4 Relationships........................................................................................................................ | 15 | +| 6.3.4.5 State diagram ....................................................................................................................... | 15 | +| 6.3.4.6 Notifications......................................................................................................................... | 15 | +| 6.3.5 InventoryUnitLic ......................................................................................................................... | 16 | +| 6.3.5.1 Definition ............................................................................................................................. | 16 | +| 6.3.5.2 Attributes ............................................................................................................................. | 16 | +| 6.3.5.3 Attribute constraints............................................................................................................. | 16 | +| 6.3.5.4 Relationships........................................................................................................................ | 16 | +| 6.3.5.5 State diagram ....................................................................................................................... | 16 | +| 6.3.5.6 Notifications......................................................................................................................... | 16 | +| 6.3.6 TmaInventoryUnit ....................................................................................................................... | 16 | +| 6.3.6.1 Definition ............................................................................................................................. | 16 | + +Error! 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No text of specified style in document. + +| | | | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------|----| +| 6.3.6.2 | Attributes ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.6.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 17 | +| 6.3.6.4 | Notifications..... | 17 | +| 6.3.7 | AntennaInventoryUnit..... | 17 | +| 6.3.7.1 | Definition ..... | 17 | +| 6.3.7.2 | Attributes ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.7.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 18 | +| 6.3.7.4 | Notifications..... | 18 | +| 6.4 | Information relationship definitions..... | 18 | +| 6.4.1 | MFNERelation (O)..... | 18 | +| 6.4.1.1 | Definition ..... | 18 | +| 6.4.1.2 | Roles ..... | 18 | +| 6.4.1.3 | Constraints ..... | 18 | +| 6.4.2 | NESWRelation (O)..... | 18 | +| 6.4.2.1 | Definition ..... | 18 | +| 6.4.2.2 | Roles ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.2.3 | Constraints ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.3 | NEHWRelation (O)..... | 19 | +| 6.4.3.1 | Definition ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.3.2 | Roles ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.3.3 | Constraints ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.4 | NELICRelation (O) ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.4.1 | Definition ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.4.2 | Roles ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.4.3 | Constraints ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.5 | SWLICRelation (O)..... | 19 | +| 6.4.5.1 | Definition ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.5.2 | Roles ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.5.3 | Constraints ..... | 19 | +| 6.4.6 | SWHWRelation (O) ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.6.1 | Definition ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.6.2 | Roles ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.6.3 | Constraints ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.7 | HWLICRelation (O)..... | 20 | +| 6.4.7.1 | Definition ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.7.2 | Roles ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.7.3 | Constraints ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.8 | MFSWRelation (O) ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.8.1 | Definition ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.8.2 | Roles ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.8.3 | Constraints ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.9 | MFHWRelation (O)..... | 20 | +| 6.4.9.1 | Definition ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.9.2 | Roles ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.9.3 | Constraints ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.10 | MFLICRelation (O)..... | 21 | +| 6.4.10.1 | Definition ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.10.2 | Roles ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.10.3 | Constraints ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.11 | Inventory-Function (M)..... | 21 | +| 6.4.11.1 | Definition ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.11.2 | Roles ..... | 21 | +| 6.4.11.3 | Constraints ..... | 21 | +| 6.5 | Information attribute definitions ..... | 22 | +| 6.5.1 | Definition and legal values..... | 22 | +| 6.5.2 | Constraints ..... | 25 | +| 6.6 | Particular information configurations ..... | 25 | +| Annex A (informative): | Change history..... | 26 | + +# Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +x the first digit: + +- 1 presented to TSG for information; +- 2 presented to TSG for approval; +- 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. + +y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. + +z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +--- + +# Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.690: "Inventory Management (IM): Requirements". +- 32.691: "Inventory Management (IM) network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements". +- 32.692: "Inventory Management (IM) network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)".** +- 32.696: Inventory Management (IM) network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions. + +Inventory Management (IM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. IM actions have the objective to monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSSs) or NEs. The final goal of IM is the establishment of an accurate and timely model of the actual inventory in the NEs or NRs. + +IM actions may be requested to reflect changes initiated by Configuration Management (CM) actions or to make sure that the inventory model is in synch with the actual inventory. IM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# 1 Scope + +The present document defines an Integration Reference Point (IRP) through which an 'IRP Agent' (typically an Element Manager or Network Element) can communicate Network Management related information to one or several 'IRP Managers' (typically Network Managers). + +The present document specifies an Inventory Management Network Resource Model, NRM (also referred to as a Management Information Model - MIM) with definitions of Information Object Classes. + +# 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.302: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [5] Void. +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.642: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM): UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and Definitions". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.151: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Information Service (IS) template". +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.690: "Telecommunication management; Inventory Management (IM): Requirements". +- [12] 3GPP TS 25.466: "UTRAN Iu interface: Application Part". +- [13] 3GPP TS 23.032: "Universal Geographical Area Description (GAD)". +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.792: "Telecommunication management; Generic Radio Access Network (RAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". + +# 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2] and 3GPP TS 32.600 [4] and the following apply: + +**association:** in general it is used to model relationships between Managed Objects Associations can be implemented in several ways, such as: + +- (1) name bindings; +- (2) reference attributes; and +- (3) association objects. + +This IRP stipulates that containment associations shall be expressed through name bindings, but it does not stipulate the implementation for other types of associations as a general rule. These are specified as separate entities in the object models (UML diagrams). Currently however, all (non-containment) associations are modelled by means of reference attributes of the participating MOs. + +**Managed Element (ME):** instance of the Managed Object Class Managed Element defined in [6] + +**Managed Object (MO):** in the context of the present document, a Managed Object (MO) is a software object that encapsulates the manageable characteristics and behaviour of a particular Network Resource The MO is instance of a class defined in a MIM/NRM. This class, called **Information Object Class (IOC)** has *attributes* that provide information used to characterize the objects that belong to the class (the term "attribute" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "property" according to CIM). Furthermore, the IOC can have *operations* that represent the behaviour relevant for that class (the term "operation" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "method" according to CIM). The IOC may support the emission of *notifications* that provide information about an event occurrence within a network resource. + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** also referred to as NRM (see the NRM definition) + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** model representing the actual managed telecommunications network resources that a System is providing through the subject IRP + +An NRM identifies and describes the IOCs, their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above), which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| CIM | Common Information Model | +| DN | Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [7]) | +| EM | Element Manager | +| IM | Inventory Management | +| IOC | Information Managed Object | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Sector | +| ME | Managed Element | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| RDN | Relative Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [7]) | +| TMN | Telecommunications Management Network | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +# --- 4 System overview + +## 4.1 Void + +## 4.2 Compliance rules + +The following defines the meaning of Mandatory and Optional IOC attributes and associations between IOCs, in Solution Sets to the IRP defined by the present specification: + +- The IRPManager shall support all mandatory attributes/associations. The IRPManager shall be prepared to receive information related to mandatory as well as optional attributes/associations without failure; however the IRPManager does not have to support handling of the optional attributes/associations. +- The IRPAgent shall support all mandatory attributes/associations. It may support optional attributes/associations. + +An IRPAgent that incorporates vendor-specific extensions shall support normal communication with a 3GPP SA5-compliant IRPManager with respect to all Mandatory and Optional managed object classes, attributes, associations, operations, parameters and notifications without requiring the IRPManager to have any knowledge of the extensions. + +Given that: + +- rules for vendor-specific extensions remain to be fully specified; and +- many scenarios under which IRPManager and IRPAgent interwork may exist; + +it is recognised that the IRPManager, even though it is not required to have knowledge of vendor-specific extensions, may be required to be implemented with an awareness that extensions can exist and behave accordingly. + +# --- 5 Modelling approach + +See 3GPP TS 32.150 [8]. + +# 6 Information Object Classes + +## 6.1 Imported information entities and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|-------------------------------------------------------|----------------| +| 32.622 [10], information object class, Top | Top | +| 32.622 [10], information object class, ManagedElement | ManagedElement | + +## 6.2 Class diagram + +### 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This clause depicts the set of IOCs that encapsulate information relevant for this service. This clause provides the overview of all information object classes in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these information object classes. + +The inventory NRM contains two alternatives for inventory data modeling. Alternative 1 is for NE structure and hardware inventory. Alternative 2 is an extended version for inventory information modeling consisting of NE structure, hardware, software and license data inventory. + +Alternative 1, hardware inventory model + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +![UML Class diagram showing ManagedElement, InventoryUnit, ManagedFunction, and VsDataContainer classes with their relationships and multiplicities.](e6df2733626a85205c1db682e6259c46_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Inventory Management NRM Containment/Naming and Association structure. It features four classes, each represented by a yellow box with a red border. The classes are: **<> ManagedElement (from TS 32.622)**, **<> InventoryUnit**, **<> ManagedFunction (from TS 32.622)**, and **<> VsDataContainer (from TS 32.622)**. The relationships are as follows: **ManagedElement** (1) has a containment relationship with **InventoryUnit** (0..n) labeled <>. **InventoryUnit** (1) has a containment relationship with **VsDataContainer** (0..n) labeled <>. **ManagedFunction** (1) has an association with **InventoryUnit** (0..n) labeled *Inventory-Function*. Each class has a self-association labeled <> with a multiplicity of 1 at the source and 0..n at the target. + +UML Class diagram showing ManagedElement, InventoryUnit, ManagedFunction, and VsDataContainer classes with their relationships and multiplicities. + +NOTE: The listed cardinality numbers represent transient as well as steady-state numbers, and reflect all managed object creation and deletion scenarios. + +**Figure 6.2.1: Alternative 1 - Inventory Management NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram** + +Each IOC instance is identified with a Distinguished Name (DN) according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [7] that expresses its containment hierarchy. As an example, the DN of a IOC representing a InventoryUnit could have a format like: + +SubNetwork=Sweden, meContext=MEC-Gbg-1, ManagedElement=RNC-Gbg-1, InventoryUnit=Inv-1. + +Alternative 2, extended model for hardware, software and licence inventory: + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +![UML Class diagram showing relationships between ManagedFunction, ManagedElement, and various InventoryUnit classes (NE, SW, HW, LIC). Relationships include MFNERelation, MFHWRelation, MESWRelation, NESWRelation, NEHWRelation, NELICRelation, SWLICRelation, SWHWRelation, and HWLICRelation. Multiplicities and role names are specified for each association.](5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the following classes and relationships: + +- ManagedFunction** (from TS 32.622): + - Associated with **ManagedElement** via **MFHWRelation** (0..1 to 1). + - Associated with **InventoryUnitNE** via **MFNERelation** (0..1 to 0..\*). +- Role names: **+mFunction**. + +- ManagedElement** (from TS 32.622): +- Associated with **InventoryUnitNE** via **MESWRelation** (1 to 0..\*). +- Associated with **InventoryUnitSW** via **MESWRelation** (1 to 0..\*). +- Associated with **InventoryUnitHW** via **MESWRelation** (1 to 0..\*). +- InventoryUnitNE**: +- Associated with **InventoryUnitSW** via **NESWRelation** (0..\* to 1). +- Associated with **InventoryUnitHW** via **NEHWRelation** (0..\* to 0..\*). +- Associated with **InventoryUnitLIC** via **NELICRelation** (0..\* to 0..\*). +- InventoryUnitSW**: +- Associated with **InventoryUnitHW** via **SWHWRelation** (0..\* to 0..\*). +- InventoryUnitHW**: +- Associated with **InventoryUnitLIC** via **HWLICRelation** (0..\* to 0..\*). +- InventoryUnitLIC**: +- Associated with **InventoryUnitNE** via **NELICRelation** (0..\* to 0..\*). +- Associated with **InventoryUnitSW** via **SWLICRelation** (0..\* to 0..\*). +- Associated with **InventoryUnitHW** via **HWLICRelation** (0..\* to 0..\*). + +UML Class diagram showing relationships between ManagedFunction, ManagedElement, and various InventoryUnit classes (NE, SW, HW, LIC). Relationships include MFNERelation, MFHWRelation, MESWRelation, NESWRelation, NEHWRelation, NELICRelation, SWLICRelation, SWHWRelation, and HWLICRelation. Multiplicities and role names are specified for each association. + +Figure 6.2.1-2: Alternative 2 - Inventory Management NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram + +NOTE: Inventory information upload in alternative 2 is done using the the FT IRP and related FT IRP notification capabilities + +### 6.2.2 Inheritance + +This subclause depicts the inheritance relationships that exist between IOCs. + +Figure 6.2.2 shows the inheritance hierarchy for the IM NRM. + +![UML class diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for IM NRM. Top class: <> Top (from TS 32.622). Subclass: <> InventoryUnit. Subclasses of InventoryUnit: <> TmalInventoryUnit and <> AntennalInventoryUnit.](08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Top["<> Top (from TS 32.622)"] + class InventoryUnit["<> InventoryUnit"] + class TmalInventoryUnit["<> TmalInventoryUnit"] + class AntennalInventoryUnit["<> AntennalInventoryUnit"] + Top <|-- InventoryUnit + InventoryUnit <|-- TmalInventoryUnit + InventoryUnit <|-- AntennalInventoryUnit +``` + +UML class diagram showing inheritance hierarchy for IM NRM. Top class: <> Top (from TS 32.622). Subclass: <> InventoryUnit. Subclasses of InventoryUnit: <> TmalInventoryUnit and <> AntennalInventoryUnit. + +**Figure 6.2.2: Inventory Management NRM Inheritance Hierarchy** + +## 6.3 Information object class definitions + +### 6.3.1 InventoryUnit + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +This IOC represents inventory information for an Inventory Unit. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of InventoryUnit** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| inventoryUnitType | M | M | - | +| vendorUnitFamilyType | CM | M | - | +| vendorUnitTypeNumber | CM | M | - | +| versionNumber | O | M | - | +| vendorName | M | M | - | +| serialNumber | CM | M | - | +| dateOfManufacture | O | M | - | +| dateOfLastService | O | M | - | +| unitPosition | O | M | - | +| manufacturerData | O | M | - | +| relatedFunction | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.1.3 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------------------|----------------------------| +| vendorUnitFamilyType CM Support Qualifier | The inventory is hardware. | +| vendorUnitTypeNumber CM Support Qualifier | The inventory is hardware. | +| serialNumber CM Support Qualifier | The inventory is hardware. | + +#### 6.3.1.4 Relationships + +None. + +#### 6.3.1.5 State diagram + +None. + +#### 6.3.1.6 Notifications + +None. + +### 6.3.2 InventoryUnitNE + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +This SupportIOC represents the logical and physical structure of the NE. + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of InventoryUnitNE** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| neId | M | M | - | +| customerIdentifier | O | M | - | +| productName | M | M | - | +| vendorName | M | M | - | +| productType | O | M | - | +| salesUniqueId | O | M | - | +| operatorUniqueName | O | M | - | +| siteId | O | M | - | +| additionalInformation | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.2.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.2.4 Relationships + +None. + +#### 6.3.2.5 State diagram + +None. + +#### 6.3.2.6 Notifications + +None. + +### 6.3.3 InventoryUnitHw + +#### 6.3.3.1 Definition + +This SupportOC represents the hardware components. + +#### 6.3.3.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of InventoryUnitHw** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| hwId | M | M | - | +| hwType | M | M | - | +| hwName | O | M | - | +| hwVersion | M | M | - | +| vendorName | O | M | - | +| salesUniqueId | O | M | - | +| hwUnitLocation | M | M | - | +| model | O | M | - | +| hwCapability | O | M | - | +| modificationDate | O | M | - | +| manualDataEntry | O | M | - | +| additionalInformation | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.3.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.3.4 Relationships + +None. + +#### 6.3.3.5 State diagram + +None. + +#### 6.3.3.6 Notifications + +None. + +### 6.3.4 InventoryUnitSw + +#### 6.3.4.1 Definition + +This SupportIOC represents the software components. + +#### 6.3.4.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of InventoryUnitSw** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| swId | M | M | - | +| swName | O | M | - | +| swVersion | O | M | - | +| vendorName | O | M | - | +| salesUniqueId | O | M | - | +| classification | M | M | - | +| swStatus | O | M | - | +| swInstallationTime | O | M | - | +| swActivationTime | O | M | - | +| additionalInformation | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.4.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.4.4 Relationships + +None. + +#### 6.3.4.5 State diagram + +None. + +#### 6.3.4.6 Notifications + +None. + +### 6.3.5 InventoryUnitLic + +#### 6.3.5.1 Definition + +This SupportIOC represents the licence components. + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +#### 6.3.5.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of InventoryUnitLic** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| licId | M | M | - | +| licType | O | M | - | +| vendorName | O | M | - | +| validity | O | M | - | +| key | O | M | - | +| licStatus | O | M | - | +| licActivationTime | O | M | - | +| salesUniqueId | O | M | - | +| additionalInformation | O | M | - | + +#### 6.3.5.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.5.4 Relationships + +None. + +#### 6.3.5.5 State diagram + +None. + +#### 6.3.5.6 Notifications + +None. + +### 6.3.6 TmaInventoryUnit + +#### 6.3.6.1 Definition + +This IOC represents inventory information for a Tower Mounted Amplifier Unit. + +#### 6.3.6.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of TmaInventoryUnit** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| tmaNumberOfNon-LinearGainValues | CM | M | - | +| tmaNon-LinearGainValue | CM | M | O | +| tmaAdditionalDataFieldNumber | CO | M | O | +| tmaAntennaModelNumber | CO | M | O | +| tmaAntennaOperatingBands | CO | M | O | +| tmaBeamwidthForEachOpBandInBandOrder | CO | M | O | +| tmaGainForEachOpBandInBandOrder | CO | M | O | +| tmaInstallationDate | CO | M | O | +| tmaInstallersId | CO | M | O | +| tmaMaxSupportedGain | CO | M | O | +| tmaMinSupportedGain | CO | M | O | + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +Error! No text of specified style in document. + +#### 6.3.6.3 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------| +| tmaNumberOfNon-LinearGainValues CM Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| tmaNon-LinearGainValue CM Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| tmaAdditionalDataFieldNumber CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| tmaAntennaModelNumber CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| tmaAntennaOperatingBands CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| tmaBeamwidthForEachOpBandInBandOrder CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| tmaGainForEachOpBandInBandOrder CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| tmaInstallationDate CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| tmaInstallersId CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| tmaMaxSupportedGain CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| tmaMinSupportedGain CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | + +#### 6.3.6.4 Notifications + +None + +### 6.3.7 AntennaInventoryUnit + +#### 6.3.7.1 Definition + +This IOC represents inventory information for an Antenna Unit. + +#### 6.3.7.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of AntennaInventoryUnit** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| maxTiltValue | CO | M | O | +| minTiltValue | CO | M | O | +| mechanicalOffset | CO | M | O | +| baseElevation | CO | M | O | +| latitude | CO | M | O | +| longitude | CO | M | O | +| patternLabel | CO | M | O | + +#### 6.3.7.3 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------| +| maxTiltValue CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| minTiltValue CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| mechanicalOffset CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| baseElevation CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| latitude CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| longitude CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | +| patternLabel CO Support Qualifier | It is supported over the luant interface. | + +#### 6.3.7.4 Notifications + +None. + +## 6.4 Information relationship definitions + +### 6.4.1 MFNERelation (O) + +#### 6.4.1.1 Definition + +This association represents the unidirectional relation between `ManagedFunction` and `InventoryUnitNE`. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| mFunction | This role represents the associated ManagedFunction instances of a InventoryUnitNE instance. | + +#### 6.4.1.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.2 NESWRelation (O) + +#### 6.4.2.1 Definition + +This association represents the bidirectional relation between `InventoryUnitNE` and `InventoryUnitSW`. + +#### 6.4.2.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| nEList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitNE instances of a InventoryUnitSW instance. | +| sWList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitSW instances of a InventoryUnitNE instance. | + +#### 6.4.2.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.3 NEHWRelation (O) + +#### 6.4.3.1 Definition + +This association represents the bidirectional relation between `InventoryUnitNE` and `InventoryUnitHW`. + +#### 6.4.3.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| nEList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitNE instances of a InventoryUnitHW instance. | +| hWList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitHW instances of a InventoryUnitNE instance. | + +#### 6.4.3.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.4 NELICRelation (O) + +#### 6.4.4.1 Definition + +This association represents the bidirectional relation between `InventoryUnitNE` and `InventoryUnitLIC`. + +#### 6.4.4.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| nEList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitNE instances of a InventoryUnitLIC instance. | +| lICList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitLIC instances of a InventoryUnitNE instance. | + +#### 6.4.4.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.5 SWLICRelation (O) + +#### 6.4.5.1 Definition + +This association represents the bidirectional relation between `InventoryUnitSW` and `InventoryUnitLIC`. + +#### 6.4.5.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| sWList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitSW instances of a InventoryUnitLIC instance. | +| lICList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitLIC instances of a InventoryUnitSW instance. | + +#### 6.4.5.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.6 SWHWRelation (O) + +#### 6.4.6.1 Definition + +This association represents the bidirectional relation between `InventoryUnitSW` and `InventoryUnitHW`. + +#### 6.4.6.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| sWList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitSW instances of a InventoryUnitHW instance. | +| hWList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitHW instances of a InventoryUnitSW instance. | + +#### 6.4.6.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.7 HWLICRelation (O) + +#### 6.4.7.1 Definition + +This association represents the bidirectional relation between `InventoryUnitHW` and `InventoryUnitLIC`. + +#### 6.4.7.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| hWList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitHW instances of a InventoryUnitLIC instance. | +| lICList | This role represents the associated InventoryUnitLIC instances of a InventoryUnitHW instance. | + +#### 6.4.7.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.8 MFSWRelation (O) + +#### 6.4.8.1 Definition + +This association represents the unidirectional relation between `ManagedFunction` and `InventoryUnitSW`. + +#### 6.4.8.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| mFunction | This role represents the associated ManagedFunction instances of a InventoryUnitSW instance. | + +#### 6.4.8.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.9 MFHWRelation (O) + +#### 6.4.9.1 Definition + +This association represents the unidirectional relation between `ManagedFunction` and `InventoryUnitHW`. + +#### 6.4.9.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| mFunction | This role represents the associated ManagedFunction instances of a InventoryUnitHW instance. | + +#### 6.4.9.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.10 MFLICRelation (O) + +#### 6.4.10.1 Definition + +This association represents the unidirectional relation between `ManagedFunction` and `InventoryUnitLIC`. + +#### 6.4.10.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| mFunction | This role represents the associated ManagedFunction instances of a InventoryUnitLIC instance. | + +#### 6.4.10.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.11 Inventory-Function (M) + +#### 6.4.11.1 Definition + +This association represents the unidirectional association from an `InventoryUnit` and its related `ManagedFunctions`. + +#### 6.4.11.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| relatedFunction | This role represents the ManagedFunction that is associated with an InventoryUnit . | + +#### 6.4.11.3 Constraints + +None + +## 6.5 Information attribute definitions + +### 6.5.1 Definition and legal values + +Table 6.5.1 defines the attributes that are present in several Information Object Classes of the present document. + +**Table 6.5.1: Attributes** + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| baseElevation | The elevation in meters above sea level at the base of the antenna structure. This value, when subtracted from height (see TS 32.792 [14]), provides the height of the antenna above the ground.
Note: The value of this attribute has no operational impact on the network, e.g. the NE behavior is not affected by the value setting of this attribute. Note as well that this attribute is not supported over the Iuant interface according to Ref. 3GPP TS 25.466 [12]. | An integral value representing a number of meters in 0.1 meter increments. | +| additionalInformation | Supplementary information about inventory data (if any) | | +| classification | Name of installed SW (e.g. SW release, SW build, SW patches), empty value possible | | +| customerIdentifier | Unique identification of a vendors' customer | | +| dateOfManufacture | Date of Manufacture of inventory unit. | | +| dateOfLastService | Date of last service or repair of inventory unit. | | +| hwCapability | Hardware capability e.g. capacity, size (empty value is possible) | | +| hwName | Mnemonic of hw inventory unit family type (e.g. Fan, PSU) assigned by vendor. | | +| hwType | Type of the HW unit e.g. equipment holder, carriage | | +| hwUnitLocation | Unique physical / logical location identifier within NE | | +| hwVersion | Version / revision no. of current unit e.g. firmware version (empty value possible in case no versioning is available) | | +| id | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of this object class. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| inventoryUnitId | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of this object class. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| inventoryUnitType | Type of inventory unit (see TS 32.690 [11]) | | +| key | License activation key according to the used licensing system | | +| licActivationTime | It indicates the date and time when the license was activated. | All values indicating valid time. | +| licId | Unique identifier of a license (e.g. name, code) | | +| licStatus | License status – applicable only for managed licenses (e.g. scheduled, valid, expired, invalid, capacity violated) | | +| licType | Describing type of current license (e.g. capacity, particular feature, no. of subscribers) | | +| manualDataEntry | Indicates whether unit is passive (manual insertion of inventory data is needed) or active (inventory data can be read from the unit) | | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| latitude | The latitude of the antenna location based on World Geodetic System (1984 version) global reference frame (WGS 84). Positive values correspond to the northern hemisphere.
Note: The value of this attribute has no operational impact on the network, e.g. the NE behavior is not affected by the value setting of this attribute. Note as well that this attribute is not supported over the Iuant interface according to Ref. 3GPP TS 25.466 [12]. | Valid values described in 3GPP TS 23.032 [13]. | +| longitude | The longitude of the antenna location based on World Geodetic System (1984 version) global reference frame (WGS 84). Positive values correspond to degrees east of 0 degrees longitude.
Note: The value of this attribute has no operational impact on the network, e.g. the NE behavior is not affected by the value setting of this attribute. Note as well that this attribute is not supported over the Iuant interface according to Ref. 3GPP TS 25.466 [12]. | Valid values described in 3GPP TS 23.032 [13] | +| manufacturerData | Manufacturer specific data of inventory unit. | | +| model | Equipment configuration, e.g. standard hw unit or a variant that may contain additional disk capacity (empty value possible) | | +| modificationDate | Date/time stamp of last change (e.g. repair action) | | +| neId | vendor defined unique identifier of a logical or physical network element unit | | +| operatorUniqueName | Unique NE identifier used by operator | | +| productName | NE name classifying a vendor's product family or function | | +| productType | Identifier of the e.g. platform, in case the product can be based on different HW/SW platforms (not used for logical NEs) | | +| salesUniqueId | Unique identifier used by vendor (used e.g. for ordering a new unit) | | +| hwId | Hardware identifier allocated by the vendor, e.g. the serialnumber | | +| maxTiltValue | The maximum amount of tilt the RET system can support. "Maximum supported tilt" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.466 [12]. | See "Maximum supported tilt" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.466 [12]. | +| mechanicalOffset | This is a value representing a non-adjustable tilt value, which is imparted to the antenna due to the physical installation.
The actual tilt at any point in time is the summation of mechanicalOffset and retTiltValue.
Note: The value of this attribute has no operational impact on the network, e.g. the NE behavior is not affected by the value setting of this attribute. Note as well that this attribute is not supported over the Iuant interface according to Ref. 3GPP TS 25.466 [12]. | A single integral value corresponding to an angle in degrees between 0 and 360 with a resolution of 0.1 degrees. | +| minTiltValue | The minimum amount of tilt the RET system can support, "Minimum supported tilt" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.466 [12]. | See "Minimum supported tilt" in Ref. 3GPP TS 25.466 [12]. | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| patternLabel | The pattern name is a textual, alpha-numeric string to allow identification of the antenna pattern along with the antenna vendor information such as model number, etc.
Note: The value of this attribute has no operational impact on the network, e.g. the NE behavior is not affected by the value setting of this attribute. Note as well that this attribute is not supported over the Iuant interface according to Ref. 3GPP TS 25.466 [12]. | | +| relatedFunction | This attribute contains the DN of one ManagedFunction. | | +| serialNumber | Serial number of inventory unit. | | +| siteId | NE site in customer network | | +| swActivationTime | It indicates the date and time when the software was activated. | All values indicating valid time. | +| swId | Unique identifier of a SW unit | | +| swName | SW release name used | | +| swInstallationTime | It indicates the date and time when the software installation process ended and the software was installed. | All values indicating valid time. | +| swStatus | Status of the SW unit (e.g. installed, archived) | | +| swVersion | Version identifier of the SW unit | | +| tmaAdditionalDataFieldNumber | This attribute identifies a standard data field which has no operational impact. Used by the procedures SetDeviceData and GetDeviceData.
Defined in Table B.3 of 3GPP TS 25.466 [12]. | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | +| tmaAntennaModelNumber | A data field defined in Table B.3 of 3GPP TS 25.466 [12] | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | +| tmaAntennaOperatingBands | A data field defined in Table B.3 of 3GPP TS 25.466 [12] | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | +| tmaBeamwidthForEachOpBandInBandOrder | A data field defined in Table B.3 of 3GPP TS 25.466 [12] | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | +| tmaGainForEachOpBandInBandOrder | A data field defined in Table B.3 of 3GPP TS 25.466 [12] | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | +| tmaInstallationDate | A data field defined in Table B.3 of 3GPP TS 25.466 [12] | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | +| tmaInstallersId | A data field defined in Table B.3 of 3GPP TS 25.466 [12] | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | +| tmaMaxSupportedGain | A data field defined in Table B.3 of 3GPP TS 25.466 [12] | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | +| tmaMinSupportedGain | A data field defined in Table B.3 of 3GPP TS 25.466 [12] | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | +| tmaNon-LinearGainValue | Defined in 3GPP TS 25.466 [12] | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | +| tmaNumberOfNon-LinearGainValues | Defined in 3GPP TS 25.466 [12] | Defined in TS 25.466 [12] | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| unitPosition |

Position of inventory unit (e.g. Rack, shelf, slot, etc.).

Depending on the implementation of the inventory unit in the managed system, the value and meaning of this attribute may vary.

For example, if a system has three levels and types of inventory units representing Rack, Shelf and Slot respectively (i.e. the Managed Element contains multiple Rack inventory units, each Rack inventory unit contains multiple Shelf inventory units and each Shelf inventory unit contains multiple Slot inventory units), then for this example:

  • – for the Inventory Unit representing a Rack, the Frame Identification code may be used as the value of this attribute;
  • – for the Inventory Unit representing a Shelf, the Rack Shelf code may be used as the value of this attribute;
  • – for the Inventory Unit representing a Slot, the position code may be used as the value of this attribute.
| | +| validity | License validity which may include one of the elements duration, end (expiration date) or forever | | +| vendorName | Name of inventory unit vendor (or vendors may provide manufacturer name) | | +| vendorName | Name of inventory unit vendor. | | +| vendorUnitFamilyType | Mnemonic of inventory unit family type (e.g. Fan, PSU) assigned by vendor. | | +| vendorUnitTypeNumber | A vendor/manufacturer defined and assigned number which uniquely identifies the unit type and optionally for backward compatibility reasons only, also version (used for replacing HW units, spares). | | +| versionNumber | The version information related to vendorUnitTypeNumber. | | + +### 6.5.2 Constraints + +None + +## 6.6 Particular information configurations + +None + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|--------|--------|--| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Ca
t | Old | New | | +| Sep 2002 | SA_17 | SP-020473 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #17 for Approval | -- | 1.0.0 | 5.0.0 | | +| Dec 2004 | SA_26 | SP-040816 | 0001 | -- | Align Inventory Management Network Resource Model with the latest template from Rel-6 TS 32.150 | F | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | | +| Jun 2005 | SA_28 | SP-050301 | 0002 | -- | Remove obsolete compliance text in 4.2 | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | | +| Dec 2005 | SA_30 | SP-050714 | 0003 | -- | Correct support qualifier - Align IS with requirements in 32.690 | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060257 | 0004 | -- | Correction of InventoryUnit missing VsDataContainer and Version Number | F | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | | +| Jun 2006 | SA_32 | SP-060257 | 0005 | -- | Correct the TS reference number from 32.691 to 32.690 | F | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | SP-070269 | 0006 | -- | Delete the duplicated vendorUnitTypeNumber attribute definitions | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. | -- | 6.4.0 | 7.0.0 | | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | | +| Mar 2011 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | | +| May 2011 | SA_52 | SP-110295 | 0007 | 1 | Add missing common RAT inventory | C | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | | +| May 2011 | SA_52 | SP-110290 | 0008 | 2 | Inventory Model Enhancements - IS | B | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | | +| Dec 2011 | SA_54 | SP-110722 | 0009 | 1 | Correct identifier for InventoryUnitHw | F | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | | +| Sep-2012 | SA_57 | SP-120563 | 0011 | 1 | Addition of swInstallationTime , swActivationTime and licActivationTime | B | 10.2.0 | 11.0.0 | | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ca52aa60ea8ab9cc74df479b7aea3566ca7b3dc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:d38d404eefc45580db5a33e68a3145f71c8cb3cd9f65da7ada8e6bc7f17845e7 +size 71479 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/35a7554182eb055209552843f341a1ae_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/35a7554182eb055209552843f341a1ae_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0ec328334b5d6ed629e0108b1f911b29682d1b00 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/35a7554182eb055209552843f341a1ae_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:76102977978d87249cb6a38907d5febdc0eb83fd0a76494bf0c7043cbd7232e3 +size 45529 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/7affafe7362a2d2d072e9d4bf515f0bb_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/7affafe7362a2d2d072e9d4bf515f0bb_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8991778bd889cfe7f32f645a188f56c1b552461f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/7affafe7362a2d2d072e9d4bf515f0bb_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:c2c473b838a36a55e98d6b72040e8c62446b77cf39ed0a42f16cbba4597c9436 +size 55314 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/c9d8a18a6137ad054b841d7a614afb48_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/c9d8a18a6137ad054b841d7a614afb48_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b1d998bd22da207dd60899ed7305106b42cc10f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/c9d8a18a6137ad054b841d7a614afb48_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:4930cabd638796eb6b40e0957a03acde877b6979a8f37b2f910a0819e1461bad +size 67570 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..08b46d9a52bc580c874bdc9c81c7cf5ab238794f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32712/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,482 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Information Object Classes..... | 7 | +| 4.1 Imported information entities and local labels..... | 7 | +| 4.2 Class diagram..... | 7 | +| 4.2.1 Attributes and relationships..... | 7 | +| 4.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 9 | +| 4.3 Information object class definitions ..... | 9 | +| 4.3.1 TransportNetworkInterface ..... | 9 | +| 4.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 9 | +| 4.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 9 | +| 4.3.2 ATMChannelTerminationPoint..... | 10 | +| 4.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 10 | +| 4.3.2.2 Attributes ..... | 10 | +| 4.3.2.3 Attribute constraints..... | 11 | +| 4.3.3 ATMPathTerminationPoint..... | 12 | +| 4.3.3.1 Definition ..... | 12 | +| 4.3.3.2 Attributes ..... | 12 | +| 4.3.3.3 Attribute constraints..... | 12 | +| 4.4 Information relationship definitions..... | 13 | +| 4.4.1 AssociatedWith (M) ..... | 13 | +| 4.4.1.1 Definition ..... | 13 | +| 4.4.1.2 Roles ..... | 13 | +| 4.4.1.3 Constraints ..... | 13 | +| 4.5 Information attributes definition ..... | 14 | +| 4.5.1 Definition and legal values..... | 14 | +| 4.5.2 Constraints..... | 15 | +| 4.6 Particular information configurations ..... | 15 | +| Annex A (informative): Example Configuration of ATM Transport Network in UTRAN..... | 16 | +| Annex B (informative): Change history..... | 17 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.711: Configuration Management (CM); Transport Network (TN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements +- 32.712: Configuration Management (CM); Transport Network (TN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)** +- 32.713: Configuration Management (CM); Transport Network (TN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) Solution Set (SS) +- 32.715: Configuration Management (CM); Transport Network (TN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); eXtensible Markup Language (XML) file format definition + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of an Integration Reference Point (IRP) named "Transport Network (TN) Interface Network Resource Model (NRM) IRP ", through which an "IRPAgent" (typically an Element Manager or Network Element) can communicate Configuration Management information to one or several "IRPManagers" (typically Network Managers) concerning Transport resources. The "Transport Network (TN) Interface Network Resource Model (NRM) IRP" comprises a set of specifications defining Requirements, a protocol neutral Network Resource Model (NRM) and corresponding Solution Set(s). + +The present document: + +1. specifies the protocol neutral Transport Network Interface Resources IRP: Network Resource Model. It reuses relevant parts of the generic NRM in TS 32.622 [6], either by direct reuse or sub-classing, and in addition to that defines Transport specific Managed Object Classes. + +The Configuration Management (CM) area is very large. The intention is to split the specification of the related interfaces in several IRPs - as described in the Introduction clause above. An important aspect of such a split is that the Network Resource Models (NRMs) defined in different IRPs containing NRMs are consistent, and that NRMs supported by an IRPAgent implementation can be accessed as one coherent model through one IRP Information Service. + +In order to access the information defined by this NRM, an IRP Information Service (IS) is needed, such as the Basic CM IRP: IS (TS 32.602 [7]) or the Bulk CM IRP: IS (TS 32.612 [8]). However, which Information Service that is applicable is outside the scope of this document. + +Finally, regarding the support of the State Management IRP: IS (TS 32.672 [3]), all NRM's of one release shall support the same State Management IRP version. + +This specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.672. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication Management, Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.672: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); State Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.622: " Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.602: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP) Information Service (IS)". + +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.612: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [9] 3GPP TS 25.430: "UTRAN Iub interface:general aspects and principles". +- [10] 3GPP TS 25.431: "UTRAN Iub interface Layer 1". +- [11] 3GPP TS 25.411: "UTRAN Iu interface Layer 1". +- [12] ITU-T Recommendation I.361 (11/95):"B-ISDN ATM Layer Specification". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.150 [3] and the following apply: + +**Association:** in general it is used to model relationships between Managed Objects. Associations can be implemented in several ways, such as: + +1. name bindings; +2. reference attributes; and +3. association objects. + +This IRP stipulates that containment associations shall be expressed through name bindings, but it does not stipulate the implementation for other types of associations as a general rule. These are specified as separate entities in the object models (UML diagrams) + +**Managed Element (ME):** an instance of the Managed Object Class ManagedElement defined in 3GPP TS 32.622 [6]. + +**Managed Object (MO):** in the context of the present document, a Managed Object (MO) is a software object that encapsulates the manageable characteristics and behaviour of a particular Network Resource. The MO is instance of a MO class defined in a MIM/NRM. This class, called **Information Object Class (IOC)** has **attributes** that provide information used to characterize the objects that belong to the class (the term "attribute" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "property" according to CIM). Furthermore, the IOC can have **operations** that represent the behaviour relevant for that class (the term "operation" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "method" according to CIM). The IOC may support the emission of **notifications** that provide information about an event occurrence within a network resource + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** also referred to as NRM - see the definition below + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** A model representing the actual managed telecommunications network resources that a System is providing through the subject IRP. An NRM identifies and describes the IOCs, their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above), which originates from the ITU-T TMN + +**Node B:** A logical node responsible for radio transmission/reception in one or more cells to/from the User Equipment. It terminates the Iub interface towards the RNC + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2], 3GPP TS 32.150 [3] and the following apply: + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| CIM | Common Information Model | +| DN | Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [4]) | +| EM | Element Manager | +| FM | Fault Management | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Sector | + +| | | +|------|------------------------------------------------------| +| Iub | Interface between RNC and Node B | +| ME | Managed Element | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MO | Managed Object | +| NE | Network Element | +| NM | Network Manager | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| PM | Performance Management | +| RDN | Relative Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [4]) | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| TMN | Telecommunications Management Network | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | + +# 4 Information Object Classes + +## 4.1 Imported information entities and local labels + +IOCs *ManagedElement*, *IubLink*, and *vsDataContainer* are imported. + +## 4.2 Class diagram + +### 4.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This sub clause depicts the set of IOCs that encapsulate information relevant for this service. This sub clause provides the overview of all information object classes in UML. Subsequent subclasses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these information object classes. + +Figure 4.2.1.1 shows the name-containment relation and other types of relations of the Transport Network NRM. + +![UML Class diagram showing relationships between ManagedElement, TransportNetworkInterface, ATMPatTerminationPoint, ATMChannelTerminationPoint, and IubLink.](c9d8a18a6137ad054b841d7a614afb48_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedElement { + <> + ManagedElement + (from 32.622) + } + class TransportNetworkInterface { + <> + TransportNetworkInterface + } + class ATMPatTerminationPoint { + <> + ATMPatTerminationPoint + } + class ATMChannelTerminationPoint { + <> + ATMChannelTerminationPoint + } + class IubLink { + <> + IubLink + (from 32.642) + } + + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..*" TransportNetworkInterface + TransportNetworkInterface "1" *-- "0..*" ATMPatTerminationPoint + TransportNetworkInterface "1" *-- "0..*" ATMChannelTerminationPoint + ATMPatTerminationPoint "0..1" -- "0..*" ATMChannelTerminationPoint : AssociatedWith + IubLink "0..*" -- "0..*" ATMChannelTerminationPoint : AssociatedWith1 + (from 32.642) + +``` + +UML Class diagram showing relationships between ManagedElement, TransportNetworkInterface, ATMPatTerminationPoint, ATMChannelTerminationPoint, and IubLink. + +**Figure 4.2.1.1: Transport Network NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram** + +Each IOC is identified with a Distinguished Name (DN) according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [4] that expresses its containment hierarchy. As an example, the DN of a IOC representing a ATMPatTerminationPoint could have a format like: + +SubNetwork=Sweden,meContext=MEC-Gbg-1,ManagedElement=RNC-Gbg-1, TransportNetworkInterface=ATM-1, ATMPatHTerminationPoint=Gbg-1. + +![Figure 4.2.1.2: vsDataContainer in Transport Network Containment/Naming and Association diagram. The diagram shows two separate associations. On the left, an Information Object Class (IOC) box labeled 'ATMPatHTerminationPoint' is connected by a red line with a diamond at the top to a 'vsDataContainer (from 32.622)' box. The cardinality '0..*' is at the bottom of the red line, and '0..1' is at the top of the vsDataContainer box. A self-association line with a red diamond at the top right of the vsDataContainer box has a cardinality of '0..*' at its bottom. On the right, a similar diagram shows an IOC box labeled 'ATMChannelTerminationPoint' connected to a 'vsDataContainer (from 32.622)' box with the same cardinalities and self-association.](35a7554182eb055209552843f341a1ae_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.2.1.2: vsDataContainer in Transport Network Containment/Naming and Association diagram. The diagram shows two separate associations. On the left, an Information Object Class (IOC) box labeled 'ATMPatHTerminationPoint' is connected by a red line with a diamond at the top to a 'vsDataContainer (from 32.622)' box. The cardinality '0..\*' is at the bottom of the red line, and '0..1' is at the top of the vsDataContainer box. A self-association line with a red diamond at the top right of the vsDataContainer box has a cardinality of '0..\*' at its bottom. On the right, a similar diagram shows an IOC box labeled 'ATMChannelTerminationPoint' connected to a 'vsDataContainer (from 32.622)' box with the same cardinalities and self-association. + +NOTE 1: The listed cardinality numbers represent transient as well as steady-state numbers, and reflect all managed object creation and deletion scenarios. + +**Figure 4.2.1.2: vsDataContainer in Transport Network Containment/Naming and Association diagram** + +### 4.2.2 Inheritance + +This sub-clause depicts the inheritance relationships that exist between IOCs. + +Figure 4.2.2.1 shows the inheritance hierarchy for the Transport Network NRM. + +![Figure 4.2.2.1: Transport Network NRM Inheritance Hierarchy. The diagram shows three inheritance paths. On the left, an IOC box labeled 'TransportNetworkInterface' has a red line with an open triangle arrowhead pointing up to an IOC box labeled 'ManagedFunction (from 32.622)'. In the center, an IOC box labeled 'ATMPatHTerminationPoint' has a red line with an open triangle arrowhead pointing up to an IOC box labeled 'Top'. On the right, an IOC box labeled 'ATMChannelTerminationPoint' has a red line with an open triangle arrowhead pointing up to an IOC box labeled 'Top'.](7affafe7362a2d2d072e9d4bf515f0bb_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.2.2.1: Transport Network NRM Inheritance Hierarchy. The diagram shows three inheritance paths. On the left, an IOC box labeled 'TransportNetworkInterface' has a red line with an open triangle arrowhead pointing up to an IOC box labeled 'ManagedFunction (from 32.622)'. In the center, an IOC box labeled 'ATMPatHTerminationPoint' has a red line with an open triangle arrowhead pointing up to an IOC box labeled 'Top'. On the right, an IOC box labeled 'ATMChannelTerminationPoint' has a red line with an open triangle arrowhead pointing up to an IOC box labeled 'Top'. + +**Figure 4.2.2.1: Transport Network NRM Inheritance Hierarchy** + +## 4.3 Information object class definitions + +### 4.3.1 TransportNetworkInterface + +#### 4.3.1.1 Definition + +This IOC represents the Transport Network Interface technology (e.g. ATM, IP). + +#### 4.3.1.2 Attributes + +**Table 4.3.1: Attributes of TransportNetworkInterface** + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-----------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| transportNetworkInterfaceId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | +| transportNetworkType | + | M | M | - | + +### 4.3.2 ATMChannelTerminationPoint + +#### 4.3.2.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a bi-directional ATM Virtual Channel Connection Termination Point. + +#### 4.3.2.2 Attributes + +**Table 4.3.2: Attributes of ATMChannelTerminationPoint** + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| atmChannelTerminationPointId | + | M | M | - | +| usageChannel | + | M | M | - | +| virtualPathId | + | M | M | O | +| virtualChannelId | + | M | M | O | +| physicalPortId | + | M | M | O | +| physicalInterfaceType | + | M | M | O | +| serviceCategoryIn | + | M | M | O | +| ServiceCategoryEg | + | M | M | O | +| usedAAL | + | M | M | O | +| peakCellRateIn | + | M | M | O | +| peakCellRateEg | + | M | M | O | +| sustainableCellRateIn | + | O | M | O | +| sustainableCellRateEg | + | O | M | O | +| maximumBurstSizeIn | + | M | M | O | +| maximumBurstSizeEg | + | M | M | O | +| minimumDesiredCellRateIn | + | O | M | O | +| minimumDesiredCellRateEg | + | O | M | O | +| minimumCellRateIn | + | O | M | O | +| minimumCellRateEg | + | O | M | O | +| atmChannelTerminationPoint-ATMPathTerminationPoint | + | M | M | - | +| atmChannelTerminationPoint- IubLink | + | M | M | - | + +**Table 4.3.2: Attributes of ATMChannelTerminationPoint** + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| atmChannelTerminationPointId | + | M | M | - | +| usageChannel | + | M | M | - | +| virtualPathId | + | M | M | O | +| virtualChannelId | + | M | M | O | +| physicalPortId | + | M | M | O | +| physicalInterfaceType | + | M | M | O | +| serviceCategoryIn | + | M | M | O | +| serviceCategoryEg | + | M | M | O | +| usedAAL | + | M | M | O | +| peakCellRateIn | + | M | M | O | +| peakCellRateEg | + | M | M | O | +| sustainableCellRateIn | + | O | M | O | +| sustainableCellRateEg | + | O | M | O | +| maximumBurstSizeIn | + | M | M | O | +| maximumBurstSizeEg | + | M | M | O | +| minimumDesiredCellRateIn | + | O | M | O | +| minimumDesiredCellRateEg | + | O | M | O | +| minimumCellRateIn | + | O | M | O | +| minimumCellRateEg | + | O | M | O | +| atmChannelTerminationPoint-ATMPathTerminationPoint | + | M | M | - | +| atmChannelTerminationPoint-IubLink | + | M | M | - | + +#### 4.3.2.3 Attribute constraints + +The Write Qualifier for attributes virtualPathId, virtualChannelId, physicalPortId, physicalInterfaceType, serviceCategoryIn/Eg, usedAAL, peakCellRateIn/Eg, sustainableCellRateIn/Eg, and maximumBurstSizeIn/Eg shall be Mandatory if these attributes can be set over Itf-N. + +The attributes sustainableCellRateIn/Eg and maximumBurstSizeIn/Eg are only applicable for ServiceCategory values RT-VBR, NRT-VBR. + +The attributes minimumDesiredCellRateIn/Eg is only applicable for Service Category UBR. + +The attributes minimumCellRateIn/Eg is only applicable for Service Category values ABR, GFR. + +### 4.3.3 ATMPatHTerminationPoint + +#### 4.3.3.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a bi-directional ATM Virtual Path Connection Termination Point. + +#### 4.3.3.2 Attributes + +**Table 4.3.3: Attributes of ATMPatHTerminationPoint** + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| atMPatHTerminationPointId | + | M | M | - | +| virtualPathId | + | M | M | O | +| physicalPortIdList | + | M | M | O | +| peakCellRateIn | + | M | M | O | +| peakCellRateEg | + | M | M | O | +| atMPatHTerminationPoint-ATMChannelTerminationPoint | + | M | M | - | + +NOTE: The attribute peakCellRateIn/Eg of ATM Path is the maximum Peak Cell Rate of its channels. + +#### 4.3.3.3 Attribute constraints + +The Write Qualifier for attributes virtualPathId, physicalPortIdList, peakCellRateIn/Eg shall be Mandatory if these attributes can be set over Itf-N. + +## 4.4 Information relationship definitions + +### 4.4.1 AssociatedWith (M) + +#### 4.4.1.1 Definition + +This represents a bi-directional relation between the ATMPatHTerminationPoint and ATMChannelTerminationPoint. The roles of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOCs. The name of the reference attribute shall be the role name. + +#### 4.4.1.2 Roles + +**Table 4.4.1: Roles of the relation AssociatedWith** + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| aTMPatHTerminationPoint-ATMChannelTerminationPoint | This role (when present) represents aTMPatHTerminationPoint capability to identify the set of related ATMChannelTerminationPoint.
aTMPatHTerminationPoint-ATMChannelTerminationPoint shall carry the set of ATMChannelTerminationPoint DN(s). | +| ATMChannelTerminationPoint-aTMPatHTerminationPoint | This role (when present) represents ATMChannelTerminationPoint capability to identify one related aTMPatHTerminationPoint.
When the role is absent, the ATMChannelTerminationPoint-aTMPatHTerminationPoint shall contain no information.
When it is present, it shall contain one aTMPatHTerminationPoint DN. | + +#### 4.4.1.3 Constraints + +None. + +## 4.5 Information attributes definition + +### 4.5.1 Definition and legal values + +Table 4.5.1 defines the attributes that are present in several Information Object Classes (IOCs) of the present document. + +**Table 4.5.1: Attributes** + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------| +| transportNetworkInterfaceId | An attribute whose "name+value" can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of this object class. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance | | +| transportNetworkType | The type of underlying transport network, i.e. ATM, IP | Type: Enumerated
Range: ATM, IP | +| atmChannelTerminationPointId | An attribute whose "name+value" can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of this object class. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance | | +| atmPathTerminationPointId | An attribute whose "name+value" can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of this object class. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance | | +| UsageChannel | The logical channel using the transport network connection. Ref. 3GPP TS 25.430 [9] | Type: String
e.g. lub-NBAP, lub-ALCAP | +| virtualPathId | The ATM Virtual Path Identifier (VPI). Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361[12] | Type: Integral numeric value | +| virtualChannelId | The ATM Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI). Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value | +| physicalPortIdList | The list of identifiers of the ATM physical port containing termination points | Type: String | +| physicalPortId | The identifier of the ATM physical port containing termination points | Type: String | +| physicalInterfaceType | The ATM physical interface type. Ref. 3GPP TS 25.431[10], 3GPP TS 25.411[11] | Type: String
e.g. E1, STM1 | +| serviceCategoryIn | The ATM Service Category used for the virtual connection Ingress (incoming) traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361[12] | Type: Enumerated
Range: CBR, RT-VBR, NRT-VBR, ABR, UBR, GFR | +| serviceCategoryEg | The ATM Service Category used for the virtual connection Egress (outgoing) traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361[12] | Type: Enumerated
Range: CBR, RT-VBR, NRT-VBR, ABR, UBR, GFR | +| usedAAL | The ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) used for the virtual connection. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361[12] | Type: Enumerated
Range: Null, AAL1,..... AAL5 | +| peakCellRateIn | Peak Cell Rate (PCR) in kbits/sec for Ingress traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value | +| peakCellRateEg | Peak Cell Rate (PCR) in kbits/sec for Egress traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value | +| sustainableCellRateIn | Sustainable Cell Rate (SCR) in kbits/sec for Ingress traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: 1 .....n, Null | +| sustainableCellRateEg | Sustainable Cell Rate (SCR) in kbits/sec for Egress traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: 1 .....n, Null | +| maximumBurstSizeIn | Maximum Burst Size (MBS) for VBR Service Categories for Ingress traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: 1 .....n, Null | +| maximumBurstSizeEg | Maximum Burst Size (MBS) for VBR Service Categories for Egress traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: 1 .....n, Null | +| minimumCellRateIn | Minimum Cell Rate (MCR) in kbits/sec for ABR, GFR Service Categories for Ingress traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: 1 .....n, Null | +| minimumCellRateEg | Minimum Cell Rate (MCR) in kbits/sec for ABR, GFR Service Categories for Egress traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: 1 .....n, Null | +| minimumDesiredCellRateIn | Minimum Desired Cell Rate (MDCR) in kbits/sec for UBR Service Category for Ingress traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: 1 .....n, Null | +| minimumDesiredCellRateEg | Minimum Desired Cell Rate (MDCR) in kbits/sec for UBR Service Category for Egress traffic. Ref. ITU-T Recommendation I.361 [12] | Type: Integral numeric value
Range: 1 .....n, Null | +| userLabel | A user-friendly (and user assigned) name of the associated object | | + +### 4.5.2 Constraints + +None. + +## 4.6 Particular information configurations + +Not applicable. + +# Annex A (informative): Example Configuration of ATM Transport Network in UTRAN + +![Diagram showing the virtual connection of a logical Iub interface channel over an ATM network between an Rnc and a NodeB.](16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the configuration of an ATM transport network for the Iub interface in UTRAN. It shows two ATM Channel Termination Points (ATMCTPs) connected via an ATM Network to a logical IubLink. + +**ATM Channel Termination Point xx (Rnc side):** + +- UsageChannel = Iub-NBAP +- VPI = 0 +- VCI = 34 +- PhysicalPortId = 12 +- PhysicalInterfaceType = E1 +- ServiceCategoryIn = CBR +- ServiceCategoryEg = CBR +- UsedAAL = AAL5 +- PeakCellRateIn = 64 +- PeakCellRateEg = 64 +- SustainableCellRate = Null +- MaximumBurstSize = Null + +**ATM Channel Termination Point yy (NodeB side):** + +- UsageChannel = Iub-NBAP +- VPI = 0 +- VCI = 12 +- PhysicalPortId = 2 +- PhysicalInterfaceType = E1 +- ServiceCategoryIn = CBR +- ServiceCategoryEg = CBR +- UsedAAL = AAL5 +- PeakCellRateIn = 64 +- PeakCellRateEg = 64 +- SustainableCellRate = Null +- MaximumBurstSize = Null + +The Rnc and NodeB are connected to the ATM Network, which is represented by a central oval. The logical IubLink is shown as a dashed line connecting the Rnc and NodeB through the ATM Network. Below the ATM Network, a separate dashed line with endpoints represents the logical IubLink. + +Diagram showing the virtual connection of a logical Iub interface channel over an ATM network between an Rnc and a NodeB. + +**Figure A.1: Virtual connection of a logical Iub interface channel over ATM network** + +# Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Sep 2003 | SA_21 | SP-030429 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#21 for Information | 1.0.0 | | +| Sep 2004 | SA_25 | SP-040597 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#25 for Approval | 2.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Jun 2007 | SA_36 | -- | -- | -- | Automatic upgrade to Rel-7 (no CR) at freeze of Rel-7. Deleted reference to CMIP SS, discontinued from R7 onwards. | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Sep 2007 | SA_37 | SP-070612 | 0001 | -- | Correct IS Attribute Tables | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SA_50 | SP-100833 | 0002 | -- | Correcting the association between ATMChannelTerminationPoint and lubLink | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SA_50 | SP-100833 | 0003 | -- | Correcting the name of AssociatedWith1 - Align with 32.642 | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2013-09 | SA_61 | SP-130431 | 0007 | - | Removal of wrong and redundant modelling statements | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/c0e88e4bd3a209b66ee7cb67e1cec2be_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/c0e88e4bd3a209b66ee7cb67e1cec2be_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1151881776bed616c6412070e9dbc106e868f307 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/c0e88e4bd3a209b66ee7cb67e1cec2be_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:3f568ad1ca3015dd6286e44fe9d46e1064a1ae68284d3e0bee8328617a88c732 +size 29842 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/d0abac95583b52a3b35f74a215567334_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/d0abac95583b52a3b35f74a215567334_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6c3c1f718d8052df44c533d6e610bc1aea1280fe --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/d0abac95583b52a3b35f74a215567334_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:b9f16a866d66f73047d772466d8d7d15ec6d89f3785d6e89c36bb5d57a7b045f +size 62916 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/dbe553cf16dd14073b89a8263a428664_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/dbe553cf16dd14073b89a8263a428664_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b61ca31f1c8826ee30f5d25abef36ed40ac88b1a --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/dbe553cf16dd14073b89a8263a428664_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:4a02f425d4a473617fb8cd0b6cac0338b78106dbee2789c26df6ace9926c04d9 +size 22833 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..36bc5d1d5c9530a743973617d515a4584eeabef0 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32722/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,351 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definition and Abbreviation ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definition ..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Modelling approach ..... | 7 | +| 5 Information Object Classes..... | 7 | +| 5.1 Imported information entities and local labels..... | 7 | +| 5.2 Class diagram..... | 7 | +| 5.2.1 Attributes and relationships ..... | 7 | +| 5.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 8 | +| 5.3 Information object class definitions ..... | 9 | +| 5.3.1 RepeaterFunction..... | 9 | +| 5.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 9 | +| 5.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 9 | +| 5.4 Information relationship definitions..... | 10 | +| 5.4.1 ConnectedTo1 (M)..... | 10 | +| 5.4.1.1 Definition ..... | 10 | +| 5.4.1.2 Roles ..... | 10 | +| 5.4.1.3 Constraints ..... | 10 | +| 5.5 Information attribute definitions ..... | 10 | +| 5.5.1 Definition and legal values..... | 10 | +| 5.5.2 Constraints..... | 11 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 12 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.721: Configuration Management (CM); Repeater network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements +- 32.722: Configuration Management (CM); Repeater network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)** +- 32.726: Configuration Management (CM); Repeater network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +CM, in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the NEs and NRs, and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the OSs or NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of an Integration Reference Point (IRP) named "Repeater Network Resources IRP", through which an "IRP Agent" (typically an Element Manager or Network Element) can communicate Configuration Management information to one or several "IRP Managers" (typically Network Managers) concerning Repeater resources. The "Repeater Network Resources IRP" comprises a set of specifications defining Requirements, a protocol neutral Network Resource Model (NRM) and corresponding Solution Set(s). + +The present document specifies the protocol neutral Repeater Network Resources IRP: Network Resource Model. It reuses relevant parts of the generic NRM in TS 32.622 [10] and 32.642 [5], either by direct reuse or sub-classing, and in addition to that defines Repeater specific Information Object Classes. + +The Configuration Management (CM) area is very large. The intention is to split the specification of the related interfaces in several IRPs – as described in the Introduction clause above. An important aspect of such a split is that the Network Resource Models (NRMs) defined in different IRPs containing NRMs are consistent, and that NRMs supported by an IRP Agent implementation can be accessed as one coherent model through one IRP Information Service (IS). + +To summarize, the present document has the following main purpose: to define the applied Repeater specific NRM, based on the generic NRM in 3GPP TS 32.622 [10]. + +In order to access the information defined by this NRM, an IRP IS is needed, such as the Basic CM IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.602[11]) or the Bulk CM IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.612 [12]). However, which IS that is applicable is outside the scope of the present document. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 25.401: "UTRAN Overall Description". +- [4] 3GPP TS 25.433: "UTRAN Iub Interface NBAP Signalling". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.642: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [9] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network Architecture". +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". + +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.602: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP) Information Service (IS)". +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.612: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [13] 3GPP TS 25.106: "Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; UTRA repeater radio transmission and reception". + +# --- 3 Definition and Abbreviation + +## 3.1 Definition + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. For terms and definitions not found here, please refer to 3GPP TS 32.101 [1], 3GPP TS 32.102 [2] and 3GPP TS 32.600 [8]. + +**Repeater:** A device that receives, amplifies and transmits the radiated or conducted RF carrier both in the down-link direction (from the base station to the mobile area) and in the up-link direction (from the mobile to the base station). + +**Association:** In general it is used to model relationships between Managed Objects. Associations can be implemented in several ways, such as: + +- (1) name bindings, +- (2) reference attributes, and +- (3) association objects. + +This IRP stipulates that containment associations shall be expressed through name bindings, but it does not stipulate the implementation for other types of associations as a general rule. These are specified as separate entities in the object models (UML diagrams). + +**Managed Element (ME):** An instance of the Information Object Class ManagedElement defined in TS 32.622 [10]. + +**Managed Object (MO):** In the context of the present document, a Managed Object (MO) is a software object that encapsulates the manageable characteristics and behaviour of a particular Network Resource. The MO is instance of a MO class defined in a MIM/NRM. This class, called **Information Object Class (IOC)** has attributes that provide information used to characterize the objects that belong to the class (the term "attribute" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "property" according to CIM). Furthermore, the IOC can have operations that represent the behaviour relevant for that class (the term "operation" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "method" according to CIM). The IOC may support the emission of notifications that provide information about an event occurrence within a network resource. + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** Also referred to as NRM – see the definition below. + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** A model representing the actual managed telecommunications network resources that a System is providing through the subject IRP. An NRM identifies and describes the IOCs, their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above), which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------------------| +| CMIP | Common Management Information Protocol | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DN | Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [7]) | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| ITU | International Telecommunication Union | +| ME | Managed Element | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MO | Managed Object | +| NE | Network Element | + +| | | +|------|------------------------------------------------------| +| NM | Network Manager | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| PM | Performance Management | +| RDN | Relative Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [7]) | +| SS | Solution Set | +| TMN | Telecommunications Management Network | +| UML | Unified Modelling Language | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| XML | eXtensible Mark-up Language | + +# 4 Modelling approach + +The present document is part of an Integration Reference Point (IRP) named "Repeater Network Resources IRP", through which an "IRPAgent" (typically an Element Manager or Network Element) can communicate Configuration Management information to one or several "IRPManagers" (typically Network Managers) concerning UTRAN resources. The "UTRAN Network Resources IRP" comprises a set of specifications defining Requirements, a protocol neutral Network Resource Model (NRM) and corresponding Solution Set(s). + +The modelling approach used in this IRP is described in 32.622 [10] Generic Network Resources IRP; NRM. + +This model allows for combined managed element functionality, where more than one "function IOC" (inherited from ManagedFunction) modelling more specific managed element functionality may be contained in the ManagedElement IOC. + +# 5 Information Object Classes + +## 5.1 Imported information entities and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|-------------------------------------------|-----------------| +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [10], IOC, ManagedElement | ManagedElement | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [10], IOC, ManagedFunction | ManagedFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [10], IOC, Top | Top | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [10], IOC, VsDataContainer | VsDataContainer | + +## 5.2 Class diagram + +### 5.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This clause depicts the set of IOCs that encapsulate information relevant for this service. It provides the overview of all IOCs in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these IOCs. + +The following figures show the name-containment relation and other types of relations of the Repeater NRM. + +![UML Class diagram showing ManagedElement (from 32.622) containing RepeaterFunction (1 to 0..n, <>). RepeaterFunction is associated with ExternalUtranCell (from 32.642) via ConnectedTo1 association with role +repeaterFunction-ExternalUtranCell.](d0abac95583b52a3b35f74a215567334_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedElement["<>\nManagedElement\n(from 32.622)"] + class RepeaterFunction["<>\nRepeaterFunction"] + class ExternalUtranCell["<>\nExternalUtranCell\n(from 32.642)"] + + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..n" RepeaterFunction : <> + RepeaterFunction --> ExternalUtranCell : ConnectedTo1\n+repeaterFunction-ExternalUtranCell + +``` + +UML Class diagram showing ManagedElement (from 32.622) containing RepeaterFunction (1 to 0..n, <>). RepeaterFunction is associated with ExternalUtranCell (from 32.642) via ConnectedTo1 association with role +repeaterFunction-ExternalUtranCell. + +**Figure 5.2.1.1: Repeater NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram** + +![UML Class diagram showing RepeaterFunction containing VsDataContainer (from 32.622) with 1 to 0..n cardinality and <> stereotype. VsDataContainer also has a recursive containment relationship with itself (1 to 0..n, <>).](c0e88e4bd3a209b66ee7cb67e1cec2be_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class RepeaterFunction["<>\nRepeaterFunction"] + class VsDataContainer["<>\nVsDataContainer\n(from 32.622)"] + + RepeaterFunction "1" *-- "0..n" VsDataContainer : <> + VsDataContainer "1" *-- "0..n" VsDataContainer : <> + +``` + +UML Class diagram showing RepeaterFunction containing VsDataContainer (from 32.622) with 1 to 0..n cardinality and <> stereotype. VsDataContainer also has a recursive containment relationship with itself (1 to 0..n, <>). + +NOTE 1: The listed cardinality numbers represent transient as well as steady state numbers, and reflect all managed object creation and deletion scenarios. + +NOTE 2: Each instance of the `VsDataContainer` shall only be contained under one IOC. The `VsDataContainer` can be contained under IOCs defined in other NRMs. + +**Figure 5.2.1.2: VsDataContainer Containment/Naming and Association in Repeater NRM diagram** + +### 5.2.2 Inheritance + +This clause depicts the inheritance relationships that exist between IOCs. + +The following figure shows the inheritance hierarchy for the Repeater NRM. + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance hierarchy. ManagedFunction (from 32.622) is the superclass, and RepeaterFunction is the subclass. The inheritance is indicated by a hollow triangle arrow pointing from RepeaterFunction to ManagedFunction.](dbe553cf16dd14073b89a8263a428664_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedFunction { + <> + ManagedFunction + (from 32.622) + } + class RepeaterFunction { + <> + RepeaterFunction + } + RepeaterFunction --|> ManagedFunction + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance hierarchy. ManagedFunction (from 32.622) is the superclass, and RepeaterFunction is the subclass. The inheritance is indicated by a hollow triangle arrow pointing from RepeaterFunction to ManagedFunction. + +Figure 5.2.2.1: Repeater NRM Inheritance Hierarchy + +## 5.3 Information object class definitions + +### 5.3.1 RepeaterFunction + +#### 5.3.1.1 Definition + +The current IOC represents the management aspect of repeater. For the information of repeater, see 3GPP TS 25.106 [4]. + +#### 5.3.1.2 Attributes + +Attribute of RepeaterFunction + +| Attribute name | Visibility | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------|------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| repeaterFunctionId | + | M | M | - | +| userLabel | + | M | M | M | +| Priority | + | M | M | M | +| latitude | + | M | M | - | +| longitude | + | M | M | - | +| ctrlConnMode | + | M | M | M | +| environmentInfo | + | M | M | - | +| powerSwitch | + | M | M | M | +| ulAttenuation | + | M | M | M | +| dlAttenuation | + | M | M | M | +| firmwareVer | + | M | M | - | +| repeaterType | + | M | M | - | +| repeaterFunction-
ExternalUtranCell | + | M | M | - | + +##### Notifications of RepeaterFunction + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------|-------| +| notifyAttributeValueChange | O | | +| notifyChangedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [6]) | | +| notifyClearedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [6]) | | +| notifyNewAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [6]) | | +| notifyObjectCreation | O | | +| notifyObjectDeletion | O | | +| notifyComments | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [6]) | | +| notifyAlarmListRebuilt | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [6]) | | +| notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [6]) | | + +## 5.4 Information relationship definitions + +### 5.4.1 ConnectedTo1 (M) + +#### 5.4.1.1 Definition + +This represents a uni-directional relationship between the `repeaterFunction` and `ExternalUtranCell`. The role of the relation shall be mapped to a reference attribute of the IOC. The names of the reference attribute and the role are the same. + +#### 5.4.1.2 Roles + +##### Roles of the relation ConnectedTo1 + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| repeaterFunction-ExternalUtranCell | This role (when present) represents repeaterFunction capability to identify one ExternalUtranCell .
When the role is absent, the RepeaterFunction.repeaterFunction-ExternalUtranCell shall contain no information.
When present, it shall contain one ExternalUtranCell DN. | + +#### 5.4.1.3 Constraints + +When a particular `repeaterFunction` identifies a particular `UtranCell`. + +## 5.5 Information attribute definitions + +### 5.5.1 Definition and legal values + +The following table defines the attributes that are present in several Information Object Classes (IOCs) of the present document. + +#### Attributes + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| repeaterFunctionId | An attribute whose "name+value" can be used as an RDN (according to the rules in TS 32.300 [7]) when naming an instance of the object class. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance | | +| userLabel | A user-friendly (and user assigned) name of the associated object. Inherited from ManagedFunction. | | +| Priority | the priority of repeater decided by operator | Type: Integer | +| powerSwitch | Power switch of device which has two status: ON/OFF | Type: Bool | +| ulAttenuation | Downlink signal attenuation of the device to change downlink gain. | Type: Integer | +| dlAttenuation | Uplink signal attenuation of the device to change uplink gain | Type: Integer | +| firmwareVer | Version of device firmware | Type: String | +| latitude | The latitude of the antenna location based on World Geodetic System (1984 version) global reference frame (WGS 84). Positive values correspond to the northern hemisphere. | A single integral value in the range of -90.0000 to +90.0000. | +| longitude | The longitude of the antenna location based on World Geodetic System (1984 version) global reference frame (WGS 84). Positive values correspond to degrees east of 0 degrees longitude. | A single integral value in the range of -180.0000 to +180.0000. | +| ctrlConnMode | Remote communication mode used by repeater to send and receive control message, such as GSM SMS, WCDMA SMS, Circle Switch Data-CSD, Package Switch Dat-IP, Serial port. | Type: String | +| environmentInfo | the repeater device is located either in the building or out of the building | Type: String | +| repeaterType | The repeater type defined by operator, such as wide band, frequency selective, indoor and fiber optic. | Type: String | + +### 5.5.2 Constraints + +None. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|----|-----------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | R | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Sep 2006 | SA_33 | SP-060559 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #33 for Information | | -- | 1.0.0 | +| Dec 2006 | SA_34 | SP-060746 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA #34 for Approval. | -- | 2.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | -- | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32741/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32741/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b44ffe5a5ca8eceec8205a5a77c102cdcd6f2f12 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32741/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,182 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------|---| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Requirements ..... | 7 | +| 4.1 MTP3 Configuration Management ..... | 7 | +| 4.2 M3UA Configuration Management ..... | 7 | +| 4.3 Fault Management..... | 7 | +| 4.4 Performance Management..... | 7 | +| 5 Issues..... | 8 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 9 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.741: Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements** +- 32.742: Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS) +- 32.746: Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines , in addition to the requirements defined in [1], [2] and [3], the requirements for the Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface NRM IRP. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication Management, Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 29.202: "Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) signalling transport in core network; Stage 3". +- [5] ITU-T Recommendation Q.751.1 (10/95): "Network Element Management Information Model for The Message Transfer Part (MTP)". +- [6] ITU-T Recommendation M.3100 (07/95): "Generic Network Information Model". +- [7] ITU-T Recommendation Q.704 (07/96): "Signalling network functions and messages". +- [8] ITU-T Recommendation Q.702 (11/88): "Signalling Data Link". +- [9] Void. +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.405: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM); Performance measurements Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN)". +- [11] IETF RFC 3332: "Signalling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 3 (MTP3) - User Adaptation Layer (M3UA)". +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: + +**Integration Reference Point (IRP):** see 3GPP TS 32.150 [12]. + +**Managed Object (MO):** an abstract entity, which may be accessed through an open interface between two or more systems, and representing a Network Resource (NR) for the purpose of management. The Managed Object (MO) is an instance of a Managed Object Class (MOC) as defined in a Management Information Model (MIM). The MIM does not define how the MO or NR is implemented; only what can be seen in the interface. + +**Managed Object Class (MOC):** a description of all the common characteristics for a number of MOs, such as their attributes, operations, notifications and behaviour. + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** also referred to as NRM - see the definition below. There is a slight difference between the meaning of MIM and NRM - the term MIM is generic and can be used to denote any type of management model, while NRM denotes the model of the actual managed telecommunications Network Resources (NRs). + +**Network Element (NE):** is a discrete telecommunications entity, which can be, managed over a specific interface e.g. the RNC. + +**Network Resource (NR):** is a component of a NE, which can be identified as a discrete separate entity and is in an object oriented environment for the purpose of management represented by an abstract entity called Managed Object (MO). + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** a model representing the actual managed telecommunications Network Resources (NRs) that a System is providing through the subject IRP. An NRM describes Managed Object Classes (MOC), their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above) which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +**Operations System (OS):** indicates a generic management system, independent of its location level within the management hierarchy. + +**Termination Point:** see ITU-T M.3100 [6]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode | +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CN | Core Network | +| CS | Circuit Switched | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communication | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| MIM | Management Information Model | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| MTP | Message Transfer Part | +| NE | Network Element | +| NR | Network Resource | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OS | Operations System | +| PS | Packet Switched | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| STN | Signalling Transport Network | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRAN | UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network | + +# --- 4 Requirements + +The following general and high-level requirements apply for the present IRP: + +- a) IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. +- b) IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.102 [2]. +- c) IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.600 [3]. + +In addition to the above, the following more specific requirements apply. + +## 4.1 MTP3 Configuration Management + +- a) It shall be possible for IRPManager to retrieve configuration information related to MTP3 signalling managed entity. +- b) When the configuration information of MTP3 signalling managed entities changes, corresponding notifications shall be generated to IRPManager. +- c) When the status of MTP3 signalling managed entities changes, corresponding notifications shall be generated to IRPManager. +- d) It shall be possible for IRPManager to identify which technology that the STN is based on (e. g. MTP3, MTP3B [4]); +- e) The interface shall allow for the viewing of parameters of the MTP3 signalling point, MTP3 signalling link set termination point, MTP3 signalling link termination point, MTP3 signalling route and MTP3 signalling route set [4], [5], [7], [8]. + +## 4.2 M3UA Configuration Management + +- a) It shall possible for IRPManager to retrieve configuration information related to M3UA signalling managed entities. +- b) When the configuration information of M3UA signalling managed entities changes, corresponding notifications shall be generated to IRPManager. +- c) When the status of M3UA signalling managed entities changes, corresponding notifications shall be generated to IRPManager. +- d) The interface shall allow for the viewing of parameters of the M3UA signalling point, M3UA signalling link set termination point, M3UA signalling link termination point, M3UA signalling route and M3UA signalling route set ([4], [11]). + +## 4.3 Fault Management + +Any fault detected by the signalling managed entity (including signalling point, signalling link set termination point, signalling link termination point, signalling route and signalling route set [4], [5], [7], [8]) shall be passed up to the IRPManager. + +## 4.4 Performance Management + +It shall be possible for IRPManager to collect and monitor performance data. The detailed measurement data to be defined in 3GPP TS 32.403 [9]. + +# --- 5 Issues + +The NRM shall allow to be extended to support other technologies based Signalling Transport Network in the future (e.g. IP-based; see 3GPP TS 29.202 [4]). + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-----------|---------------|----------|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|------------|--------------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Jun 2004 | SA_2
4 | SP-
040262 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#24 for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | | +| Sep 2004 | SA_2
5 | SP-
040600 | -- | -- | Submitted to TSG SA#25 for Approval | -- | 2.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Sep 2006 | SA_3
3 | SP-
060554 | 000
1 | -- | Add missing M3UA signalling information to the Signalling Transport Network interface NRM IRP Requirements | B | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| Mar 2007 | SA_3
5 | SP-
070046 | 000
2 | -- | Correct the wrong references | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| Dec 2008 | SA_4
2 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | -- | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | - | - | - | - | Upgrade to Release 9 | -- | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | | 9.0.0 | 10.0.
0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.
0 | 11.0.
0
| \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32746/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32746/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..619733e9453c56ffce5c4aee9b16e4758169a32b --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32746/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1106 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Solution Set Definitions ..... | 7 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 8 | +| A.1 Architectural features..... | 8 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 8 | +| A.1.2 Rules for NRM extensions ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2.1 Allowed extensions ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2.2 Extensions not allowed..... | 8 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 9 | +| A.2.1 General mappings..... | 9 | +| A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.1 IOC MtpSignPoint..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.2 IOC SignLinkSetTp..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.3 IOC SignLinkTp..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.4 IOC SignRouteSetNePart ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.5 IOC SignRouteNePart ..... | 10 | +| A.2.3 Information Object Class (IOC) Mapping ..... | 10 | +| A.2.3.1 IOC M3UAEntity ..... | 11 | +| A.2.3.2 IOC M3UALinkSetTp..... | 11 | +| A.2.3.3 IOC M3UALinkTp..... | 11 | +| A.2.3.4 IOC M3UARouteSetNePart ..... | 11 | +| A.2.3.5 IOC M3UARouteNePart ..... | 12 | +| A.2.3.6 Roles ..... | 12 | +| A.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 13 | +| A.3.1 IDL definition structure..... | 13 | +| A.3.2 IDL specification "STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem.idl" ..... | 14 | +| A.3.3 IDL specification "STNNetworkResourcesIRPDefs.idl" ..... | 16 | +| Annex B (normative): XML Definitions..... | 19 | +| B.1 Architectural features..... | 19 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 19 | +| B.2 Mapping ..... | 19 | +| B.2.1 General mapping ..... | 19 | +| B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 19 | +| B.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 20 | +| B.3.1 XML definition structure ..... | 20 | +| B.3.2 Graphical Representation ..... | 20 | +| B.3.3 XML schema "stnNrm.xsd"..... | 21 | +| Annex C (informative): Change history..... | 26 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); as identified below: + +- 32.741: Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements +- 32.742: Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS) +- 32.746: Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions** + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of an Integration Reference Point (IRP) named Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) IRP, through which an IRPAgent can communicate configuration management information to one or several IRPManagers concerning STN resources. The STN NRM IRP comprises a set of specifications defining Requirements, a protocol neutral Information Service and one or more Solution Set(s). + +The present document specifies the Solution Sets for the STN NRM IRP. + +This specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.742 [9] V11.0.X. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.612: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.616: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [4] W3C REC-xml-20001006: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)". +- [5] W3C REC-xmlschema-0-20010502: "XML Schema Part 0: Primer". +- [6] W3C REC-xmlschema-1-20010502: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures". +- [7] W3C REC-xmlschema-2-20010502: "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes". +- [8] W3C REC-xml-names-19990114: "Namespaces in XML". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.742: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.306: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Notification Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +**XML file:** file containing an XML document + +**XML document:** composed of the succession of an optional XML declaration followed by a root XML element + +NOTE: See [4]; in the scope of the present document. + +**XML declaration:** it specifies the version of XML being used + +NOTE: See [4]. + +**XML element:** has a type, is identified by a name, may have a set of XML attribute specifications and is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag followed by the XML content of the XML element followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag; each XML element may contain other XML elements + +NOTE: See [4]. + +**empty XML element:** having an empty XML content; an empty XML element still possibly has a set of XML attribute specifications; an empty XML element is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag directly followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag + +NOTE: See [4]. + +**XML content (of an XML element):** empty if the XML element is simply composed of an XML empty-element tag; otherwise the part, possibly empty, of the XML element between its XML start-tag and its XML end-tag + +**XML start-tag:** the beginning of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML start-tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element + +NOTE: See [4]. + +**XML end-tag:** the end of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML end-tag containing the name of the XML element + +NOTE: See [4]. + +**XML empty-element tag:** composed simply of an empty-element tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element. + +NOTE: See [4]. + +**XML attribute specification:** has a name and a value + +NOTE: See [4]. + +**DTD:** defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to be valid with regard to this DTD + +NOTE: See [4]. + +**XML schema:** more powerful than a DTD, an XML schema defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to conform with this XML schema; through the use of XML namespaces several XML schemas can be used together by a single XML document; an XML schema is itself also an XML document that shall conform with the XML schema for XML schemas + +NOTE: See [5], [6] and [7]. + +**XML namespace:** enables qualifying element and attribute names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by different XML schemas + +NOTE: See [8], in the scope of the present document. + +**XML complex type:** defined in an XML schema; cannot be directly used in an XML document; can be the concrete type or the derivation base type for an XML element type or for another XML complex type; ultimately defines constraints for an XML element on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content + +NOTE: See [5], [6] and [7]. + +**XML element type:** declared by an XML schema; can be directly used in an XML document; as the concrete type of an XML element, directly or indirectly defines constraints on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content; can also be the concrete type or the derivation base type for another XML element type + +NOTE: See [5], [6] and [7]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DN | Distinguished Name | +| DTD | Document Type Definition | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| SS | Solution Set | +| STN | Signalling Transport Network | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# --- 4 Solution Set Definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP STN NRM IRP Solution Set Definitions: + +- 3GPP STN NRM IRP CORBA SS (Annex A) +- 3GPP STN NRM IRP XML Definitions (Annex B) + +# --- Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in STN NRM IRP: Information Service (TS 32.742 [9]). + +--- + +## A.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of STN Network Resources IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.742 [9]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the CORBA SS. + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [10]. + +### A.1.2 Rules for NRM extensions + +This clause discusses how the models and IDL definitions provided in the present document can be extended for a particular implementation and still remain compliant with 3GPP SA5's specifications. + +#### A.1.2.1 Allowed extensions + +Vendor-specific MOCs may be supported. The vendor-specific MOCs may support new types of attributes. The 3GPP SA5-specified notifications may be issued referring to the vendor-specific MOCs and vendor-specific attributes. New MOCs shall be distinguishable from 3GPP SA5 MOCs by name. 3GPP SA5-specified and vendor-specific attributes may be used in vendor-specific MOCs. Vendor-specific attribute names shall be distinguishable from existing attribute names. + +NRM MOCs may be subclassed. Subclassed MOCs shall maintain the specified behaviour of the 3GPP SA5's superior classes. They may add vendor-specific behaviour with vendor-specific attributes. When subclassing, naming attributes cannot be changed. The subclassed MOC shall support all attributes of its superior class. Vendor-specific attributes cannot be added to 3GPP SA5 NRM MOCs without subclassing. + +When subclassing, the 3GPP SA5-specified containment rules and their specified cardinality shall still be followed. As an example, ManagementNode (or its subclasses) shall be contained under SubNetwork (or its subclasses). + +Managed Object Instances may be instantiated as CORBA objects. This requires that the MOCs be represented in IDL. 3GPP SA5's NRM MOCs are not currently specified in IDL, but may be specified in IDL for instantiation or subclassing purposes. However, management information models should not require that IRPManagers access the instantiated managed objects other than through supported methods in the present document. + +Extension rules related to notifications (Notification categories, Event Types, Extended Event Types etc.) are for further study. + +#### A.1.2.2 Extensions not allowed + +The IDL specifications in the present document cannot be edited or altered. Any additional IDL specifications shall be specified in separate IDL files. + +IDL interfaces (note: not MOCs) specified in the present document may not be subclassed or extended. New interfaces may be defined with vendor-specific methods. + +## --- A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 General mappings + +Attributes modelling associations as defined in the NRM (here also called "reference attributes") are in this SS mapped to attributes. + +The names of the reference attributes in the NRM are mapped to the corresponding attribute names in the MOC. When the cardinality for an association is 0..1 or 1..1 the datatype for the reference attribute is defined as an MOReference. The value of an MO reference contains the distinguished name of the associated MO. When the cardinality for an association allows more than one referred MO, the reference attribute will be of type MOReferenceSet, which contains a sequence of MO references. + +### A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +This SS supports reference attributes for relations other than containment relations between objects. Reference attributes are therefore introduced in each MOC where needed. + +#### A.2.2.1 IOC MtpSignPoint + +**Mapping from NRM IOC MtpSignPoint attributes to SS equivalent MOC MtpSignPoint attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC MtpSignPoint in 32.742 [9] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| mtpSignPointId | mtpSignPointId | string | Read-Only, M | +| pointCode | pointCode | unsigned long | Read-Only, M | +| networkIndicator | networkIndicator | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeType s::NetworkIndicatorType | Read-Only, M | +| pointCodeLength | pointCodeLength | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeType s::PointCodeLengthType | Read-Only, M | +| spType | spType | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeType s::SPTypeType | Read-Only, M | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | Read-Write, M | + +#### A.2.2.2 IOC SignLinkSetTp + +**Mapping from NRM IOC SignLinkSetTp attributes to SS equivalent MOC SignLinkSetTp attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC SignLinkSetTp in 32.742 [9] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|----------------|------------------| +| signLinkSetTpId | signLinkSetTpId | string | Read-Only, M | +| adjPc | adjPc | unsigned long | Read-Only, M | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | Read-Write, M | +| maxCapacityLS | maxCapacityLS | float | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.2.3 IOC SignLinkTp + +**Mapping from NRM IOC SignLinkTp attributes to SS equivalent MOC SignLinkTp attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC SignLinkTp in 32.742 [9] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|-------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| signLinkTpId | signLinkTpId | string | Read-Only, M | +| slCode | slCode | unsigned long | Read-Only, M | +| slsCodeNormalList | slsCodeNormalList | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::SLSListType | Read-Only, O | +| slsCodeCurrentList | slsCodeCurrentList | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::SLSListType | Read-Only, M | +| linkTpStatus | linkTpStatus | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::LinkStatusType | Read-Only, M | +| maxCapacitySL | maxCapacitySL | float | Read-Only, M | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | Read-Write, M | +| signLinkType | signLinkType | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::SignLinkTypeType | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.2.4 IOC SignRouteSetNePart + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC SignRouteSetNePart attributes to SS equivalent MOC SignRouteSetNePart attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC SignRouteSetNePart in 32.742 [9] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|---------------|---------------| +| signRouteSetNePartId | signRouteSetNePartId | string | Read-Only, M | +| destinationPc | destinationPc | unsigned long | Read-Only, M | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | Read-Write, M | +| loadsharingInformationRouteSetNePart | loadsharingInformationRouteSetNePart | string | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.2.5 IOC SignRouteNePart + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC SignRouteNePart attributes and association roles to SS equivalent MOC SignRouteNePart attributes + +| NRM Attributes/association roles of IOC SignRouteNePart in 32.742 [9] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------| +| signRouteNePartId | signRouteNePartId | string | Read-Only, M | +| signLinkSetTpPointer | signLinkSetTpPointer | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSYSTEM::AttributeTypes::MOReference | Read-Only, M | +| fixedPriority | fixedPriority | unsigned long | Read-Only, M | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | Read-Write, M | + +### A.2.3 Information Object Class (IOC) Mapping + +This SS supports reference attributes for relations other than containment relations between objects. Reference attributes are therefore introduced in each MOC where needed. + +#### A.2.3.1 IOC M3UAEntity + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC M3UAEntity attributes to SS equivalent MOC M3UAEntity attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC m3UAEntity in 32.742 [9] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| m3UAEntityId | m3UAEntityId | string | Read-Only, M | +| m3UAEntityPointCode | m3UAEntityPointCode | unsigned long | Read-Only, M | +| m3UAEntityType | m3UAEntityType | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSYSTEM::AttributeTypes::m3UAEntityTypeType | Read-Only, M | +| networkIndicator | networkIndicator | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSYSTEM::AttributeTypes::networkIndicatorType | Read-Only, M | +| pointCodeLength | pointCodeLength | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSYSTEM::AttributeTypes::PointCodeLengthType | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.3.2 IOC M3UALinkSetTp + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC m3UALinkSetTp attributes to SS equivalent MOC m3UALinkSetTp attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC m3UALinkSetTp in 32.742 [9] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|---------------------------------------------------|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| m3UALinkSetTPId | m3UALinkSetTPId | string | Read-Only, M | +| adjPc | adjPc | unsigned long | Read-Only, M | +| trafficMode | trafficMode | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSYSTEM::AttributeTypes::trafficModeType | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.3.3 IOC M3UALinkTp + +**Mapping from NRM IOC m3UALinkTp attributes to SS equivalent MOC m3UALinkTp attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC m3UALinkTp in 32.742 [9] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|------------------------------------------------|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| m3UALinkTpId | m3UALinkTpId | string | Read-Only, M | +| m3UALinkTPState | m3UALinkTPState | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::m3UALinkTPStateType | Read-Only, M | +| sCTPAssocLocalAddr | sCTPAssocLocalAddr | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::sCTPAssocAddrType | Read-Only, M | +| sCTPAssocRemoteAddr | sCTPAssocRemoteAddr | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::sCTPAssocAddrType | Read-Only, O | + +#### A.2.3.4 IOC M3UARouteSetNePart + +**Mapping from NRM IOC m3UARouteSetNePart attributes to SS equivalent MOC m3UARouteSetNePart attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC m3UARouteSetNePart in 32.742 [9] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|--------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| m3UARouteSetNePartId | m3UARouteSetNePartId | string | Read-Only, M | +| destinationPc | destinationPc | unsigned long | Read-Only, M | +| m3UARouteNePartm3UALinkSetTP | m3UARouteNePartm3UALinkSetTP | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReference | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.3.5 IOC M3UARouteNePart + +**Mapping from NRM IOC m3UARouteNePart attributes to SS equivalent MOC m3UARouteNePart attributes** + +| NRM Attributes of IOC m3UARouteNePart in 32.742 [9] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Qualifier | +|-----------------------------------------------------|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| m3UARouteNePartId | m3UARouteNePartId | string | Read-Only, M | +| m3UALinkSetTPId | m3UALinkSetTPId | unsigned long | Read-Only, M | +| fixedPriority | fixedPriority | STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::fixedPriorityType | Read-Only, M | + +#### A.2.3.6 Roles + +**Roles of the relation ConnectedTo1** + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| m3UARouteNePart-m3UALinkSetTP | This role (when present) represents M3UARouteNePart capability to identify the connected M3UALinkSetTP. When the role is present, the M3UARouteNePart-M3UALinkSetTP shall carry the M3UALinkSetTP DN. | + +## --- A.3 Solution Set definitions + +### A.3.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.3.2 defines the types which are used by the STN NRM IRP. + +Clause A.3.3 defines the MO classes for the STN NRM IRP. + +### A.3.2 IDL specification "STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem.idl" + +``` +// File: STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem.idl +#ifndef _STN_NETWORK_RESOURCES_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +#define _STN_NETWORK_RESOURCES_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" +module STNNetworkResourcesIRPSystem +{ + /** + * This module adds datatype definitions for types + * used in the NRM which are not basic datatypes defined + * already in CORBA. + */ + module AttributeTypes + { + enum NetworkIndicatorType + { + INTERNATIONAL, + SPARE, + NATIONAL, + NATIONAL_SPARE + }; + enum PointCodeLengthType + { + BITS_24, + BITS_14 + }; + enum SPTTypeType + { + SEP, + STP, + STEP + }; + typedef unsigned long SLSType; // 0..15 + typedef sequence SLSTypeList; + enum LinkStati + { + DEACTIVATED, + FAILED, + LOCAL_BLOCKED, + REMOTE_BLOCKED, + LOCAL_INHIBITED, + REMOTE_INHIBITED + }; + typedef sequence LinkStatusType; + enum SignLinkTypeType + { + ST_64K, + ST_2M + }; + enum m3UAEntityType + { + M3UA_AS, + SG + }; + enum m3UALinkTPStateType + { + UNESTABLISH, + ESTABLISHED, + INACTIVE, + ACTIVE + }; + enum AddrType + { + IPV4, + IPV6 + }; + struct sCTPAssocAddrType + { + unsigned long portId; + AddrType addrType; + string IPaddr; + }; + enum trafficModeType + { + OVERRIDE, + LOAD_SHARE, + }; + } +} +``` + +``` + BROADCAST + }; +}; +}; +#endif // _STN_NETWORK_RESOURCES_IRP_SYSTEM_IDL_ +``` + +### A.3.3 IDL specification "STNNetworkResourcesIRPDefs.idl" + +``` +// File: STNNetworkResourcesIRPDefs.idl +#ifndef _STN_NETWORK_RESOURCES_IRP_DEFS_IDL_ +#define _STN_NETWORK_RESOURCES_IRP_DEFS_IDL_ + +#include "GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl" + +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" + +/** + * This module defines constants for each MO class name and + * the attribute names for each defined MO class. + */ +module STNNetworkResourcesIRPDefs +{ + + /** + * Definitions for MO class MtpSignPoint + */ + interface MtpSignPoint: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "MtpSignPoint"; + + // Attribute Names + // + const string mtpSignPointId = "mtpSignPointId"; + const string pointCode = "pointCode"; + const string networkIndicator = "networkIndicator"; + const string pointCodeLength = "pointCodeLength"; + const string spType = "spType"; + const string userLabel = "userLabel"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class SignLinkSetTp + */ + interface SignLinkSetTp: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "SignLinkSetTp"; + + // Attribute Names + // + const string signLinkSetTpId = "signLinkSetTpId"; + const string adjPc = "adjPc"; + const string userLabel = "userLabel"; + const string maxCapacityLS = "maxCapacityLS"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class SignLinkTp + */ + interface SignLinkTp: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "SignLinkTp"; + + // Attribute Names + // + const string signLinkTpId = "signLinkTpId"; + const string slCode = "slCode"; + const string slsCodeNormalList = "slsCodeNormalList"; + const string slsCodeCurrentList = "slsCodeCurrentList"; + const string linkTpStatus = "linkTpStatus"; + const string maxCapacitySL = "maxCapacitySL"; + const string userLabel = "userLabel"; + const string signLinkType = "signLinkType"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class SignRouteSetNePart + */ + interface SignRouteSetNePart: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top + { + const string CLASS = "SignRouteSetNePart"; + }; +} +``` + +``` + // Attribute Names + // + const string signRouteSetNePartId = "signRouteSetNePartId"; + const string destinationPc = "destinationPc"; + const string userLabel = "userLabel"; + const string loadsharingInformationRouteSetNePart = "loadsharingInformationRouteSetNePart"; +}; + +/** + * Definitions for abstract MO class SignRouteNePart + */ +interface SignRouteNePart: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::Top +{ + const string CLASS = "SignRouteNePart"; + + // Attribute Names + // + const string signRouteNePartId = "signRouteNePartId"; + const string signLinkSetTpPointer = "signLinkSetTpPointer"; + const string fixedPriority = "fixedPriority"; + const string userLabel = "userLabel"; +}; + +/** + * Definitions for MO class M3UAEntity + */ +interface M3UAEntity: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction +{ + const string CLASS = "M3UAEntity"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string m3UAEntityId = "m3UAEntityId"; + const string m3UAEntityPointCode = "m3UAEntityPointCode"; + const string m3UAEntityType = "m3UAEntityType"; + const string networkIndicator = "networkIndicator"; + const string pointCodeLength = "pointCodeLength"; +}; + +/** + * Definitions for MO class M3UALinkSetTp + */ +interface M3UALinkSetTp: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction +{ + const string CLASS = "M3UALinkSetTp"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string m3UALinkSetTPId = "m3UALinkSetTPId"; + const string adjPc = "adjPc"; + const string trafficMode = "trafficMode"; +}; + +/** + * Definitions for MO class M3UALinkTp + */ +interface M3UALinkTp: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction +{ + const string CLASS = "M3UALinkTp"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string m3UALinkTpId = "m3UALinkTpId"; + const string m3UALinkTPState = "m3UALinkTPState"; + const string SCTPAssocLocalAddr = "sCTPAssocLocalAddr"; + const string SCTPAssocRemoteAddr = "sCTPAssocRemoteAddr"; +}; + +/** + * Definitions for MO class M3UARouteSetNePart + */ +interface M3UARouteSetNePart: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction +{ + const string CLASS = "M3UARouteSetNePart"; + + // Attribute Names + const string m3UARouteSetNePartId = "m3UARouteSetNePartId"; + const string destinationPc = "destinationPc"; + const string m3UARouteNePartm3UALinkSetTP = "m3UARouteNePartm3UALinkSetTP"; +}; +``` + +``` +/** + * Definitions for abstract MO class M3UARouteNePart + * + */ +interface M3UARouteNePart: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction +{ + const string CLASS = "M3UARouteNePart"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string m3UARouteNePartId = "m3UARouteNePartId"; + const string m3UALinkSetTPId = "m3UALinkSetTPId"; + const string fixedPriority = "fixedPriority"; +}; + +#endif // _STN_NETWORK_RESOURCES_IRP_DEFS_IDL_ +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): XML Definitions + +This annex contains the XML Definitions for the Generic NRM IRP as it applies to Itf-N, in accordance with STN NRM IRP Information Service (TS 32.742 [9]). + +## --- B.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of STN IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.742 [9]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the Schema definitions. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [10]. + +## --- B.2 Mapping + +### B.2.1 General mapping + +An IOC maps to an XML element of the same name as the IOC's name in the IS. An IOC attribute maps to a sub-element of the corresponding IOC's XML element, and the name of this sub-element is the same as the attribute's name in the IS. + +### B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +## --- B.3 Solution Set definitions + +### B.3.1 XML definition structure + +The overall description of the file format of configuration data XML files is provided by 3GPP TS 32.616 [3]. + +Annex B.3.3 defines the NRM-specific XML schema `stnNrm.xsd` for the STN Network Resources IRP NRM defined in 3GPP TS 32.742 [9]. + +XML schema `stnNrm.xsd` explicitly declares NRM-specific XML element types for the related NRM. + +The definition of those NRM-specific XML element types complies with the generic mapping rules defined in 3GPP TS 32.616 [3]. + +### B.3.2 Graphical Representation + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +### B.3.3 XML schema "stnNrm.xsd" + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# --- Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| 05-2010 | SA-48 | SP-100279 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information and approval | -- | -- | 1.0.0 | +| 06-2010 | SA-48 | -- | -- | -- | Publication | -- | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 10-2010 | SA-49 | SP-100489 | 001 | -- | Correction of STN NRM IRP XML Definitions | F | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 09-2012 | SA-57 | - | - | - | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 10.1.0 | - | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32762/08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32762/08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b03214eca2fc8d358e79127a55843fce47fcd0ea --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32762/08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a57782bbed309f121f07b1b4ffa977ed4867bdc297a7586dd439d3f0c8aff61f +size 122694 diff --git 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sha256:120b80595d08119c8c7012da1d5964318ec4f26ea07d341e5ee3ed9298a8237c +size 32044 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32762/e636d7ccca0ad14c6b95201404324823_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32762/e636d7ccca0ad14c6b95201404324823_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9c1ada10c112b1e0a48ccf91c0da408ef7957993 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32762/e636d7ccca0ad14c6b95201404324823_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:01c963783f0f3f3293f4bb53609b83c8d86a8b5623801ec467304c763c39c3e5 +size 21378 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32762/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32762/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c81fa32aa33fd6b543bcd156f1a146b68d5a016e --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32762/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1943 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 7 | +| Introduction ..... | 7 | +| 1 Scope..... | 8 | +| 2 References..... | 8 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 10 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 10 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 10 | +| 4 System overview ..... | 11 | +| 4.1 Compliance rules..... | 11 | +| 5 Modelling approach ..... | 11 | +| 6 Information Object Classes (IOCs)..... | 11 | +| 6.1 Information entities imported and local labels..... | 11 | +| 6.2 Class diagram..... | 12 | +| 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships ..... | 12 | +| 6.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 19 | +| 6.3 Information Object Class (IOC) definitions..... | 21 | +| 6.3.1 ENBFunction ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.1.3 Attribute constraints..... | 21 | +| 6.3.1.4 Notifications..... | 22 | +| 6.3.2 ExternalENBFunction ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.2.2 Attributes ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.2.3 Attribute constraints..... | 22 | +| 6.3.2.4 Notifications..... | 22 | +| 6.3.3 EUtranGenericCell ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.3.1 Definition ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.3.2 Attributes ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.3.3 Attribute constraints..... | 23 | +| 6.3.3.4 Notifications..... | 23 | +| 6.3.4 ExternalEUtranGenericCell..... | 23 | +| 6.3.4.1 Definition ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.4.2 Attributes ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.4.3 Attribute constraints..... | 24 | +| 6.3.4.4 Notifications..... | 24 | +| 6.3.5 EUtranCellFDD ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.5.1 Definition ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.5.2 Attributes ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.5.3 Attribute constraints..... | 24 | +| 6.3.5.4 Notifications..... | 24 | +| 6.3.6 ExternalEUtranCellFDD ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.6.1 Definition ..... | 24 | +| 6.3.6.2 Attributes ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.6.3 Attribute constraints..... | 25 | +| 6.3.6.4 Notifications..... | 25 | +| 6.3.7 EUtranCellTDD..... | 25 | +| 6.3.7.1 Definition ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.7.2 Attributes ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.7.3 Attribute constraints..... | 25 | +| 6.3.7.4 Notifications..... | 25 | +| 6.3.8 ExternalEUtranCellTDD ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.8.1 Definition ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.8.2 Attributes ..... | 25 | + +| | | | +|----------|----------------------------------------|----| +| 6.3.8.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 25 | +| 6.3.8.4 | Notifications..... | 25 | +| 6.3.9 | EUtranRelation ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.9.1 | Definition ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.9.2 | Attributes ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.9.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 26 | +| 6.3.9.4 | Notifications..... | 26 | +| 6.3.10 | Link_ENB_ENB..... | 26 | +| 6.3.10.1 | Definition ..... | 26 | +| 6.3.10.2 | Attributes ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.10.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 27 | +| 6.3.10.4 | Notifications..... | 27 | +| 6.3.11 | Void ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.12 | Void ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.13 | Cdma2000Relation ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.13.1 | Definition ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.13.2 | Attributes ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.13.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 27 | +| 6.3.13.4 | Notifications..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14 | MCEFunction ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14.1 | Definition ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14.2 | Attributes ..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 27 | +| 6.3.14.4 | Notifications..... | 28 | +| 6.3.15 | MBSFNArea..... | 28 | +| 6.3.15.1 | Definition ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.15.2 | Attributes ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.15.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 28 | +| 6.3.15.4 | Notifications..... | 28 | +| 6.3.16 | Link_MCE_ENB..... | 28 | +| 6.3.16.1 | Definition ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.16.2 | Attributes ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.16.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 28 | +| 6.3.16.4 | Notifications..... | 28 | +| 6.3.17 | Link_MCE_MME ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.17.1 | Definition ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.17.2 | Attributes ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.17.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 29 | +| 6.3.17.4 | Notifications..... | 29 | +| 6.3.18 | RNFunction ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.18.1 | Definition ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.18.2 | Attributes ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.18.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 29 | +| 6.3.18.4 | Notifications..... | 29 | +| 6.3.19 | ExternalRNFunction ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.19.1 | Definition ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.19.2 | Attributes ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.19.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 29 | +| 6.3.19.4 | Notifications..... | 29 | +| 6.3.20 | DeNBCapability ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.20.1 | Definition ..... | 29 | +| 6.3.20.2 | Attributes ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.20.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 30 | +| 6.3.20.4 | Notifications..... | 30 | +| 6.3.21 | Void ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.22 | Void ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.23 | CellOutageCompensationInformation..... | 30 | +| 6.3.23.1 | Definition ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.23.2 | Attributes ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.23.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 30 | +| 6.3.23.4 | Notifications..... | 30 | + +| | | | +|----------|-------------------------------------------------|----| +| 6.3.24 | IOC QciDscpMapping..... | 30 | +| 6.3.24.1 | Definition ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.24.2 | Attributes ..... | 30 | +| 6.3.24.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 30 | +| 6.3.24.4 | Notifications..... | 31 | +| 6.3.25 | EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON..... | 31 | +| 6.3.25.1 | Definition ..... | 31 | +| 6.3.25.2 | Attributes ..... | 32 | +| 6.3.25.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 33 | +| 6.3.25.4 | Notifications..... | 33 | +| 6.3.26 | CCOInformation..... | 33 | +| 6.3.26.1 | Definition ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.26.2 | Attributes ..... | 33 | +| 6.3.26.3 | Attribute constraints..... | 33 | +| 6.3.26.4 | Notifications..... | 33 | +| 6.4 | Information relationship definitions..... | 33 | +| 6.4.1 | EUtranNeighbourCellRelation (M)..... | 33 | +| 6.4.1.1 | Definition ..... | 33 | +| 6.4.1.2 | Roles ..... | 33 | +| 6.4.1.3 | Constraints ..... | 33 | +| 6.4.2 | ExternalEUtranNeighbourCellRelation (M)..... | 34 | +| 6.4.2.1 | Definition ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.2.2 | Roles ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.2.3 | Constraints ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.3 | ExternalCdma2000NeighbourCellRelation (M) ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.3.1 | Definition ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.3.2 | Roles ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.3.3 | Constraints ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.4 | Void ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.5 | Void ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.6 | Void ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.7 | Void ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.8 | Void ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.9 | MBSFNAreaRelatedCells (M)..... | 34 | +| 6.4.9.1 | Definition ..... | 34 | +| 6.4.9.2 | Roles ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.9.3 | Constraints ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.10 | ServesRN (O) ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.10.1 | Definition ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.10.2 | Roles ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.10.3 | Constraints ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.11 | ServesExtRN (O)..... | 35 | +| 6.4.11.1 | Definition ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.11.2 | Roles ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.11.3 | Constraints ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.12 | ServedByEGC (O)..... | 35 | +| 6.4.12.1 | Definition ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.12.2 | Roles ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.12.3 | Constraints ..... | 35 | +| 6.4.13 | ServedByExtEGC (O) ..... | 36 | +| 6.4.13.1 | Definition ..... | 36 | +| 6.4.13.2 | Roles ..... | 36 | +| 6.4.13.3 | Constraints ..... | 36 | +| 6.5 | Information attribute definitions ..... | 37 | +| 6.5.1 | Definition and legal values..... | 37 | +| 6.5.2 | Constraints ..... | 51 | +| 6.6 | Common Notifications ..... | 51 | +| 6.6.1 | Alarm and configuration notifications..... | 51 | +| 6.6.2 | Configuration notifications..... | 52 | +| 6.7 | System State Model..... | 52 | + +**Annex A (informative): Notifications during a Cell Outage Compensation..... 53** + +**Annex B (informative): Change history..... 58** + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.761 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements +- 32.762 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)** +- 32.766 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of an Integration Reference Point (IRP) named E-UTRAN Network Resource Model (NRM) IRP, through which an IRPAgent can communicate configuration management information to one or several IRPManagers concerning E-UTRAN resources. The E-UTRAN NRM IRP comprises a set of specifications defining Requirements, a protocol neutral Information Service and one or more Solution Set(s). + +The present document specifies the protocol neutral E-UTRAN NRM IRP: Information Service (IS). It reuses relevant parts of the Generic NRM IRP: IS in 3GPP TS 32.622 [6], either by direct reuse or sub-classing, and in addition to that defines E-UTRAN specific Information Object Classes. + +In order to access the information defined by this NRM, an Interface IRP such as the "Basic CM IRP" is needed (3GPP TS 32.602 [7]). However, which Interface IRP is applicable is outside the scope of the present document. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.602: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP) Information Service (IS)". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.612: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [9] 3GPP TS 23.401: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access". +- [10] 3GPP TS 36.331: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol specification". +- [11] 3GPP TS 36.300: " Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 ". +- [12] 3GPP TS 36.211: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation" +- [13] 3GPP TS 36.101: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception" + +- [14] 3GPP TS 36.104: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E\_UTRA); Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception" +- [15] 3GPP TS 32.500: "Telecommunication Management; Self-Organizing Networks (SON); Concepts and requirements" +- [16] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions" +- [17] 3GPP TS 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications" +- [18] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)" +- [19] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network Architecture" +- [20] 3GPP TS 32.652: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); GERAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Network Resource Model (NRM)" +- [21] 3GPP TS 32.642: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Network Resource Model (NRM)" +- [22] 3GPP2 S.S0028-D "OAM&P for cdma2000 (Overview, 3GPP R7 Delta Specification, 3GPP2 Network Resource Model IRP)" +- [23] 3GPP TS 32.752: "Telecommunication management; Evolved Packet Core (EPC) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)" +- [24] 3GPP TS 36.423: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); X2 application protocol (X2AP)" +- [25] 3GPP TS 36.213: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures". +- [26] 3GPP TS 32.672: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); State Management Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [27] 3GPP TS 36.413: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Access Network (E-UTRAN); S1 Application Protocol (S1AP)". +- [28] 3GPP TS 32.443: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Access Network (E-UTRAN);M2 Application Protocol (M2AP)". +- [29] 3GPP TS 22.011: "Service accessibility". +- [30] 3GPP TS 32.422: "Telecommunication management; Subscriber and equipment trace; Trace control and configuration management". +- [31] 3GPP TS 32.792: "Generic Radio Access Network (RAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS) ". +- [32] 3GPP TS 32.662: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Kernel CM; Information service (IS)". +- [33] 3GPP TS 23.203: "Policy and charging control architecture". +- [34] 3GPP TS 23.207: "End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) concept and architecture". +- [35] RFC 2474: "Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers". +- [36] 3GPP TS 25.304: "Universal Terrestrial Access Network (UTRAN); User equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode and procedures for cell reselection in connected mode". +- [37] 3GPP TS 45.008: "Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network; Radio subsystem link control". + +- [38] 3GPP TS 36.133: "Universal Terrestrial Access Network (UTRAN); Requirements for support of radio resource management". +- [39] 3GPP TS 25.133: "Universal Terrestrial Access Network (UTRAN); Requirements for support of radio resource management". +- [40] 3GPP TS 36.321: "Universal Terrestrial Access Network (UTRAN); Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification". +- [41] 3GPP TS 36.304: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Access Network (E-UTRAN); User equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode". +- [42] 3GPP TS 32.522: "Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TS 32.150 [16], TS 32.101 [1], TS 32.102 [2] and TS 21.905 [17] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TS 32.150 [16], TS 32.101 [1], TS 32.102 [2] and TS 21.905 [17], in that order. + +**Association:** In general it is used to model relationships between Managed Objects. Associations can be implemented in several ways, such as: + +- (1) name bindings, +- (2) reference attributes, and +- (3) association objects. + +This IRP stipulates that containment associations shall be expressed through name bindings, but it does not stipulate the implementation for other types of associations as a general rule. These are specified as separate entities in the object models (UML diagrams). + +**Managed Element (ME):** An instance of the Information Object Class ManagedElement defined in TS 32.622 [6]. + +**eNodeB:** A logical node responsible for radio transmission/reception in one or more cells to/from the User Equipment. It terminates the S1 interface towards the EPC. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TS 32.150 [16], TS 32.101 [1], TS 32.102 [2] and TS 21.905 [17] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TS 32.150 [16], TS 32.101 [1], TS 32.102 [2] and TS 21.905 [17], in that order. + +| | | +|---------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| DeNB | Donor eNodeB | +| DN | Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [4]) | +| E-UTRA | Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access | +| E-UTRAN | Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| ME | Managed Element | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MBSFN | Multimedia Broadcast multicast service Single Frequency Network | +| NR | Neighbour cell Relation | +| PM | Performance Management | +| RDN | Relative Distinguished Name (see 3GPP TS 32.300 [4]) | +| RN | Relay Node | + +# 4 System overview + +## 4.1 Compliance rules + +The following defines the meaning of Mandatory and Optional IOC attributes and associations between IOCs, in Solution Sets to the IRP defined by the present document: + +- The IRPManager shall support all mandatory attributes/associations. The IRPManager shall be prepared to receive information related to mandatory as well as optional attributes/associations without failure; however the IRPManager does not have to support handling of the optional attributes/associations. +- The IRPAgent shall support all mandatory attributes/associations. It may support optional attributes/associations. + +An IRPAgent that incorporates vendor-specific extensions shall support normal communication with a 3GPP SA5-compliant IRPManager with respect to all Mandatory and Optional information object classes, attributes and associations without requiring the IRPManager to have any knowledge of the extensions. + +Given that + +- rules for vendor-specific extensions remain to be fully specified, and +- many scenarios under which IRPManager and IRPAgent interwork may exist, + +it is recognised that the IRPManager, even though it is not required to have knowledge of vendor-specific extensions, may be required to be implemented with an awareness that extensions can exist and behave accordingly. + +# 5 Modelling approach + +The modelling approach adopted and used in this IRP is described in TS 32.622 [6]. + +# 6 Information Object Classes (IOCs) + +## 6.1 Information entities imported and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|-----------------------------------------------------|---------------------| +| 3GPP TS 32.672 [26], attribute, administrativeState | administrativeState | +| 3GPP TS 32.672 [26], attribute, availabilityStatus | availabilityStatus | +| 3GPP TS 32.672 [26], attribute, operationalState | operationalState | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [6], IOC, Top | Top | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [6], IOC, ManagedElement | ManagedElement | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [6], IOC, SubNetwork | SubNetwork | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [6], IOC, ManagedFunction | ManagedFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [6], IOC, Link | Link | +| 3GPP TS 32.752 [23], IOC, MMEFunction | MMEFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.752 [23], IOC, ExternalMMEFunction | ExternalMMEFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.642 [21], IOC, UtranRelation | UtranRelation | +| 3GPP TS 32.792 [31], IOC, AntennaFunction | AntennaFunction | + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| 3GPP TS 32.792 [31], IOC, TmaFunction | TmaFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.652 [20], IOC, GsmRelation | GsmRelation | +| 3GPP2 TS S.S0028 [22], IOC, ExternalSector | ExternalSector | +| 3GPP TS 32.752 [23], IOC, EP_RP_EPS | EP_RP_EPS | +| 3GPP TS 32.752 [23], IOC, QCISet | QCISet | +| 3GPP TS 32.792 [31], IOC, SectorEquipmentFunction | SectorEquipmentFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.522 [42], IOC, EnergySavingProperties | EnergySavingProperties | + +## 6.2 Class diagram + +### 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +![UML Class Diagram showing relationships between network management classes like SubNetwork, ManagedElement, GsmRelation, ExternalENBFunction, ENBFunction, ExternalEUTranGenericCell, EUTranGenericCell, Cdma2000Relation, ExternalSector, EUTranRelation, and UtranRelation.](08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class SubNetwork { + <> + SubNetwork + (from TS 32.622) + } + class ManagedElement { + <> + ManagedElement + (from TS 32.622) + } + class GsmRelation { + <> + GsmRelation + (from TS 32.652) + } + class ExternalENBFunction { + <> + ExternalENBFunction + } + class ENBFunction { + <> + ENBFunction + } + class ExternalEUTranGenericCell { + <> + ExternalEUTranGenericCell + } + class EUTranGenericCell { + <> + EUTranGenericCell + } + class Cdma2000Relation { + <> + Cdma2000Relation + } + class ExternalSector { + <> + ExternalSector + (from 3GPP2 NRM IRP Rev D) + } + class EUTranRelation { + <> + EUTranRelation + } + class UtranRelation { + <> + UtranRelation + (from TS 32.642) + } + + SubNetwork "1" *-- "0..*" ExternalENBFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..*" ENBFunction : <> + ExternalENBFunction "1" *-- "0..*" ExternalEUTranGenericCell : <> + ENBFunction "1" *-- "0..*" EUTranGenericCell : <> + EUTranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..*" ExternalSector : ExternalCdma2000NeighbourCellRelation + EUTranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..*" UtranRelation : <> + EUTranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..*" EUTranRelation : <> + EUTranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..*" EUTranRelation : +adjacentCell + EUTranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..*" ExternalEUTranGenericCell : <> + EUTranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..*" GsmRelation : <> + EUTranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..*" Cdma2000Relation : <> + ExternalEUTranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..*" EUTranRelation : +adjacentCell + ExternalSector "1" *-- "0..*" EUTranRelation : +adjacentSector + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing relationships between network management classes like SubNetwork, ManagedElement, GsmRelation, ExternalENBFunction, ENBFunction, ExternalEUTranGenericCell, EUTranGenericCell, Cdma2000Relation, ExternalSector, EUTranRelation, and UtranRelation. + +Figure 6.2.1.1: Cell view of E-UTRAN NRM + +![UML Class Diagram: E-UTRAN relaying view of E-UTRAN NRM. The diagram shows ManagedElement (from TS 32.622) as the root class, which has two associations labeled <> to ENBFunction and RNFunction. ENBFunction has a composition association to DeNBCapability (multiplicity 1:0..1) and another to EUtranGenericCell (multiplicity 1:0..*). RNFunction has an association labeled +servedRN to DeNBCapability (multiplicity 0..*:1) and another to EUtranGenericCell (multiplicity 0..*:1). DeNBCapability has associations labeled ServesExtRN to ENBFunction (multiplicity 1:0..1) and ServesRN to RNFunction (multiplicity 1:0..*). There is an XOR constraint {xor} between ServedByEGC (association to EUtranGenericCell) and ServedByExtEGC (association to ExternalEUtranGenericCell). ExternalEUtranGenericCell has an association labeled +servingCell to EUtranGenericCell (multiplicity 1:1).](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedElement { + <> + ManagedElement + (from TS 32.622) + } + class ENBFunction { + <> + ENBFunction + } + class RNFunction { + <> + RNFunction + } + class DeNBCapability { + <> + DeNBCapability + } + class EUtranGenericCell { + <> + EUtranGenericCell + } + class ExternalEUtranGenericCell { + <> + ExternalEUtranGenericCell + } + class QciDscpMapping { + <> + QciDscpMapping + } + + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..*" ENBFunction : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..*" RNFunction : <> + ENBFunction "1" *-- "0..1" DeNBCapability : <> + ENBFunction "1" *-- "0..*" EUtranGenericCell : <> + RNFunction "0..*" -- "1" DeNBCapability : +servedRN + RNFunction "0..*" -- "1" EUtranGenericCell : +servedRN + DeNBCapability "1" -- "0..1" ENBFunction : ServesExtRN + DeNBCapability "1" -- "0..*" RNFunction : ServesRN + DeNBCapability "1" -- "1" EUtranGenericCell : ServedByEGC {xor} + DeNBCapability "1" -- "1" ExternalEUtranGenericCell : ServedByExtEGC {xor} + ExternalEUtranGenericCell "1" -- "1" EUtranGenericCell : +servingCell + +``` + +UML Class Diagram: E-UTRAN relaying view of E-UTRAN NRM. The diagram shows ManagedElement (from TS 32.622) as the root class, which has two associations labeled <> to ENBFunction and RNFunction. ENBFunction has a composition association to DeNBCapability (multiplicity 1:0..1) and another to EUtranGenericCell (multiplicity 1:0..\*). RNFunction has an association labeled +servedRN to DeNBCapability (multiplicity 0..\*:1) and another to EUtranGenericCell (multiplicity 0..\*:1). DeNBCapability has associations labeled ServesExtRN to ENBFunction (multiplicity 1:0..1) and ServesRN to RNFunction (multiplicity 1:0..\*). There is an XOR constraint {xor} between ServedByEGC (association to EUtranGenericCell) and ServedByExtEGC (association to ExternalEUtranGenericCell). ExternalEUtranGenericCell has an association labeled +servingCell to EUtranGenericCell (multiplicity 1:1). + +NOTE 1: If an instance of the *ServesRN* association is present, then a corresponding instance of *ServedByEGC* must be present. In this case, the *ENBFunction* and *RNFunction* instances are under the management scope of the same IRP Agent. + If an instance of the *ServesExtRN* association is present, then a corresponding instance of *ServedByExtEGC* must be present. In this case, the *ENBFunction* and *RNFunction* instances are under the management scope of two different IRP Agents. + +NOTE 2: The modelling of the DeNB capability as a separate IOC or as attributes of *ENBFunction* is FFS + +**Figure 6.2.1.2a: E-UTRAN relaying view of E-UTRAN NRM** + +![UML Class Diagram: E-UTRAN relaying view of E-UTRAN NRM_2. This diagram shows a composition association between RNFunction (multiplicity 1) and QciDscpMapping (multiplicity 0..1).](3ad00ce93ad9dea9ee0f47535e5355e6_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class RNFunction { + <> + RNFunction + } + class QciDscpMapping { + <> + QciDscpMapping + } + + RNFunction "1" *-- "0..1" QciDscpMapping + +``` + +UML Class Diagram: E-UTRAN relaying view of E-UTRAN NRM\_2. This diagram shows a composition association between RNFunction (multiplicity 1) and QciDscpMapping (multiplicity 0..1). + +**Figure 6.2.1.2b: E-UTRAN relaying view of E-UTRAN NRM\_2** + +![UML Class diagram for Transport view of E-UTRAN NRM. It shows three classes: ENBFunction, EP_RP_EPS (from TS 32.752), and Proxy_FarEndNE. ENBFunction has a 0..n association with EP_RP_EPS. EP_RP_EPS has a 0..1 association with Proxy_FarEndNE. A note indicates that Proxy_FarEndNE is a proxy class for ENBFunction, ExternalENBFunction, MMEFunction, ExternalMMEFunction, SGWFunction, ExternalSGWFunction, RNFunction, or ExternalRNFunction.](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class ENBFunction["<>\nENBFunction"] + class EP_RP_EPS["<>\nEP_RP_EPS\n(from TS 32.752)"] + class Proxy_FarEndNE["<>\nProxy_FarEndNE"] + + ENBFunction "0..n" --> EP_RP_EPS + EP_RP_EPS "0..1" --> Proxy_FarEndNE +``` + +This proxy class represents +ENBFunction or +ExternalENBFunction or +MMEFunction (from TS 32.752) or +ExternalMMEFunction (from TS 32.752) or +SGWFunction (from TS 32.752) or +ExternalSGWFunction (from TS 32.752) or +RNFunction or +ExternalRNFunction + +UML Class diagram for Transport view of E-UTRAN NRM. It shows three classes: ENBFunction, EP\_RP\_EPS (from TS 32.752), and Proxy\_FarEndNE. ENBFunction has a 0..n association with EP\_RP\_EPS. EP\_RP\_EPS has a 0..1 association with Proxy\_FarEndNE. A note indicates that Proxy\_FarEndNE is a proxy class for ENBFunction, ExternalENBFunction, MMEFunction, ExternalMMEFunction, SGWFunction, ExternalSGWFunction, RNFunction, or ExternalRNFunction. + +**Figure 6.2.1.3: Transport view of E-UTRAN NRM** + +![UML Class diagram for Radio equipment view of E-UTRAN NRM. It shows four classes: EUtranGenericCell, TmaFunction, SectorEquipmentFunction, and AntennaFunction. EUtranGenericCell has associations with TmaFunction (+relatedTmaList), SectorEquipmentFunction (+relatedSectorEquipment), and AntennaFunction (+relatedAntennaList). There are XOR constraints between these associations. SectorEquipmentFunction also has associations with TmaFunction and AntennaFunction.](a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class EUtranGenericCell["<>\nEUtranGenericCell"] + class TmaFunction["<>\nTmaFunction\n(from 32.792)"] + class SectorEquipmentFunction["<>\nSectorEquipmentFunction\n(from 32.792)"] + class AntennaFunction["<>\nAntennaFunction\n(from 32.792)"] + + EUtranGenericCell "0..n" --> "0..n" TmaFunction : +relatedTmaList + EUtranGenericCell "0..n" --> "0..1" SectorEquipmentFunction : +relatedSectorEquipment + EUtranGenericCell "0..n" --> "0..n" AntennaFunction : +relatedAntennaList + + SectorEquipmentFunction "1" --> "0..n" TmaFunction : +relatedTmaList + SectorEquipmentFunction "1..n" --> "0..n" AntennaFunction : +relatedAntennaList + + %% Note: XOR constraints are present between the associations from EUtranGenericCell to the other classes. +``` + +UML Class diagram for Radio equipment view of E-UTRAN NRM. It shows four classes: EUtranGenericCell, TmaFunction, SectorEquipmentFunction, and AntennaFunction. EUtranGenericCell has associations with TmaFunction (+relatedTmaList), SectorEquipmentFunction (+relatedSectorEquipment), and AntennaFunction (+relatedAntennaList). There are XOR constraints between these associations. SectorEquipmentFunction also has associations with TmaFunction and AntennaFunction. + +**Figure 6.2.1.4: Radio equipment view of E-UTRAN NRM** + +NOTE: Please see TS 32.792 [31] for the definitions of the associations in this figure. + +![UML Class Diagram for MBMS view of E-UTRAN NRM 1](7efae06af3af43ffe5d4b956a679cf54_img.jpg) + +This UML Class Diagram illustrates the MBMS view of E-UTRAN NRM 1. It features several classes represented by yellow boxes with red borders: **MMEFunction** (from 32.762), **ManagedElement** (from TS 32.622), **Link\_MCE\_MME**, **MCEFunction**, **ENBFunction**, **Link\_MCE\_ENB**, **MBSFNArea**, and **EUtranGenericCell**. Relationships are shown with lines: solid lines for associations and dashed lines for dependencies. Multiplicities are indicated at the ends of associations. Key relationships include: **MMEFunction** (0..\*) to **Link\_MCE\_MME** (dependency); **MCEFunction** (0..\*) to **MMEFunction** (association); **ManagedElement** (1) to **ENBFunction** (association, role <>); **ENBFunction** (0..\*) to **ManagedElement** (association, role <>); **MCEFunction** (0..\*) to **ManagedElement** (association, role <>); **ENBFunction** (1) to **MCEFunction** (association); **MBSFNArea** (1) to **MCEFunction** (association, role <>); **MBSFNArea** (0..\*) to **EUtranGenericCell** (association, role *MBSFNAreaRelatedCells*, attribute *+CellIdList*); **EUtranGenericCell** (1) to **ENBFunction** (association, role <>); and **EUtranGenericCell** (0..\*) to **MBSFNArea** (association, role <>). Reference points are indicated by yellow note boxes: **M3 ref point** is connected to **Link\_MCE\_MME**, and **M2 ref point** is connected to **Link\_MCE\_ENB**. + +UML Class Diagram for MBMS view of E-UTRAN NRM 1 + +Figure 6.2.1.5: MBMS view of E-UTRAN NRM 1 + +NOTE 1: This is E-UTRAN NRM containment/relationship Figure form view of MBMS when MCE and ENB belong to one Network Element. + +![UML Class Diagram for MBMS view of E-UTRAN NRM 2](9ae17964ddd9b814c7d905b1af2fddf2_img.jpg) + +This UML Class Diagram illustrates the MBMS view of E-UTRAN NRM 2. It uses the same set of classes as Figure 6.2.1.5. The primary difference is in the association between **MCEFunction** and **ManagedElement**: here, **MCEFunction** (0..1) is associated with **ManagedElement** (1) via a solid line with the role <>. All other associations, multiplicities, and dependencies remain identical to Figure 6.2.1.5, including the relationships with **Link\_MCE\_MME**, **Link\_MCE\_ENB**, **MBSFNArea**, and **EUtranGenericCell**, as well as the **M3 ref point** and **M2 ref point** notes. + +UML Class Diagram for MBMS view of E-UTRAN NRM 2 + +Figure 6.2.1.6: MBMS view of E-UTRAN NRM 2 + +NOTE 2: This is E-UTRAN NRM containment/relationship Figure form view of MBMS when MCE and ENB belong to different Network Elements. + +![UML Class Diagram showing a containment relationship between EUtranGenericCell and EnergySavingProperties.](16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a UML Class Diagram with the following elements: + +- Top Class:** A class box labeled `<> EUtranGenericCell`. It has two empty compartments below the name. +- Relationship:** A vertical red line with a solid red diamond at the top class, indicating a containment relationship. The multiplicity **1** is placed near the diamond. The role name `<>` is placed on the line. +- Bottom Class:** A class box labeled `<> EnergySavingProperties (from 32.522)`. It also has two empty compartments below the name. +- Multiplicity:** The multiplicity **0..1** is placed at the bottom class end of the relationship line. + +UML Class Diagram showing a containment relationship between EUtranGenericCell and EnergySavingProperties. + +**Figure 6.2.1.7: Energy Saving view of E-UTRAN NRM** + +![UML Class Diagram showing containment relationships between Subnetwork, ManagedElement, ENBFunction, EUtranGenericCell, and CellOutageCompensationInformation.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Subnetwork["<> Subnetwork (from TS 32.622)"] + class ManagedElement["<> ManagedElement (from TS 32.622)"] + class ENBFunction["<> ENBFunction"] + class EUtranGenericCell["<> EUtranGenericCell"] + class CellOutageCompensationInformation["<> CellOutageCompensationInformation"] + + Subnetwork "1" *-- "1" Subnetwork : <> + Subnetwork "1" *-- "0..*" ManagedElement : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..*" ENBFunction : <> + ENBFunction "1" *-- "0..*" EUtranGenericCell : <> + EUtranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..1" CellOutageCompensationInformation : <> +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing containment relationships between Subnetwork, ManagedElement, ENBFunction, EUtranGenericCell, and CellOutageCompensationInformation. + +Figure 6.2.1.8: Cell Outage Compensation NRM IOCs (Containment Relationship) + +![UML Class Diagram showing containment relationship between EUtranGenericCell and EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON.](33a8f3f01dfa8bce75d23017855a13c5_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class EUtranGenericCell["<> EUtranGenericCell"] + class EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON["<> EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON"] + + EUtranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..1" EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON : <> +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing containment relationship between EUtranGenericCell and EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON. + +Figure 6.2.1.9: Cell SON Attributes NRM IOCs (Containment Relationship) + +![UML Class Diagram showing containment relationships between Subnetwork, ManagedElement, ENBFunction, EUtranGenericCell, and CCInformation classes.](4356776ca004ecba5d599667a155d7d4_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Subnetwork["<> Subnetwork (from TS 32.622)"] + class ManagedElement["<> ManagedElement (from TS 32.622)"] + class ENBFunction["<> ENBFunction"] + class EUtranGenericCell["<> EUtranGenericCell"] + class CCInformation["<> CCInformation"] + + Subnetwork "1" *-- "1" Subnetwork : <> + Subnetwork "1" *-- "0..*" ManagedElement : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..*" ENBFunction : <> + ENBFunction "1" *-- "0..*" EUtranGenericCell : <> + EUtranGenericCell "1" *-- "0..1" CCInformation : <> +``` + +The diagram illustrates a hierarchy of Information Object Classes (IOCs) using containment relationships, represented by red diamonds. The classes are arranged vertically: Subnetwork (top), ManagedElement, ENBFunction, EUtranGenericCell, and CCInformation (bottom). Each class is shown in a yellow box with its name and source (TS 32.622 for the top two). The relationships are as follows: Subnetwork has a self-relationship (1 to 1) and a containment relationship with ManagedElement (1 to 0..\*); ManagedElement has a containment relationship with ENBFunction (1 to 0..\*); ENBFunction has a containment relationship with EUtranGenericCell (1 to 0..\*); and EUtranGenericCell has a containment relationship with CCInformation (1 to 0..1). Each relationship is labeled with '<>' and multiplicity indicators. + +UML Class Diagram showing containment relationships between Subnetwork, ManagedElement, ENBFunction, EUtranGenericCell, and CCInformation classes. + +**Figure 6.2.1.10: Capacity and Coverage Optimization Information NRM IOCs (Containment Relationship)** + +### 6.2.2 Inheritance + +![UML class diagram showing the E-UTRAN NRM Inheritance Hierarchy. The diagram illustrates the inheritance relationships between various Information Object Classes (IOCs) in the E-UTRAN NRM. At the top level, ManagedFunction (from TS 32.622) is the root for EUtranGenericCell, ExternalEUtranGenericCell, MCEFunction, ENBFunction, and ExternalENBFunction. EUtranGenericCell is inherited by EUtranCellFDD and EUtranCellTDD. ExternalEUtranGenericCell is inherited by ExternalEUtranCellFDD and ExternalEUtranCellTDD. Link (from TS 32.622) is inherited by Link_MCE_MCE, Link_MCE_ENB, and Link_ENB_ENB. Top (from TS 32.622) is inherited by EUtranRelation, MBSFNArea, and Cdma2000Relation. ManagedFunction (from TS 32.622) is also the root for DeNBCapability, RNFunction, and ExternalRNFunction. ENBFunction is inherited by RNFunction. ExternalENBFunction is inherited by ExternalRNFunction.](10781f43062bf3e9601a1e086710556c_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class ManagedFunction_32_622_1["<> ManagedFunction (from TS 32.622)"] + class EUtranGenericCell + class ExternalEUtranGenericCell + class MCEFunction + class ENBFunction + class ExternalENBFunction + class EUtranCellFDD + class EUtranCellTDD + class ExternalEUtranCellFDD + class ExternalEUtranCellTDD + class Link_32_622_1["<> Link (from TS 32.622)"] + class Link_MCE_MCE + class Link_MCE_ENB + class Link_ENB_ENB + class Top_32_622_1["<> Top (from TS 32.622)"] + class EUtranRelation + class MBSFNArea + class Cdma2000Relation + class ManagedFunction_32_622_2["<> ManagedFunction (from TS 32.622)"] + class ENBFunction_2 + class ExternalENBFunction_2 + class DeNBCapability + class RNFunction + class ExternalRNFunction + + ManagedFunction_32_622_1 <|-- EUtranGenericCell + ManagedFunction_32_622_1 <|-- ExternalEUtranGenericCell + ManagedFunction_32_622_1 <|-- MCEFunction + ManagedFunction_32_622_1 <|-- ENBFunction + ManagedFunction_32_622_1 <|-- ExternalENBFunction + EUtranGenericCell <|-- EUtranCellFDD + EUtranGenericCell <|-- EUtranCellTDD + ExternalEUtranGenericCell <|-- ExternalEUtranCellFDD + ExternalEUtranGenericCell <|-- ExternalEUtranCellTDD + Link_32_622_1 <|-- Link_MCE_MCE + Link_32_622_1 <|-- Link_MCE_ENB + Link_32_622_1 <|-- Link_ENB_ENB + Top_32_622_1 <|-- EUtranRelation + Top_32_622_1 <|-- MBSFNArea + Top_32_622_1 <|-- Cdma2000Relation + ManagedFunction_32_622_2 <|-- DeNBCapability + ENBFunction_2 <|-- RNFunction + ExternalENBFunction_2 <|-- ExternalRNFunction +``` + +UML class diagram showing the E-UTRAN NRM Inheritance Hierarchy. The diagram illustrates the inheritance relationships between various Information Object Classes (IOCs) in the E-UTRAN NRM. At the top level, ManagedFunction (from TS 32.622) is the root for EUtranGenericCell, ExternalEUtranGenericCell, MCEFunction, ENBFunction, and ExternalENBFunction. EUtranGenericCell is inherited by EUtranCellFDD and EUtranCellTDD. ExternalEUtranGenericCell is inherited by ExternalEUtranCellFDD and ExternalEUtranCellTDD. Link (from TS 32.622) is inherited by Link\_MCE\_MCE, Link\_MCE\_ENB, and Link\_ENB\_ENB. Top (from TS 32.622) is inherited by EUtranRelation, MBSFNArea, and Cdma2000Relation. ManagedFunction (from TS 32.622) is also the root for DeNBCapability, RNFunction, and ExternalRNFunction. ENBFunction is inherited by RNFunction. ExternalENBFunction is inherited by ExternalRNFunction. + +Figure 6.2.2.1: E-UTRAN NRM Inheritance Hierarchy + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from CellOutageCompensationInformation to Top.](81a4cbf0b3c4cbc065efdf8f800dadde_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Top { + <> + Top + (from TS 32.622) + } + class CellOutageCompensationInformation { + <> + CellOutageCompensationInformation + } + Top <|-- CellOutageCompensationInformation +``` + +The diagram shows two classes. The top class is labeled <> Top (from TS 32.622). The bottom class is labeled <> CellOutageCompensationInformation. A vertical inheritance arrow points from the bottom class to the top class. + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from CellOutageCompensationInformation to Top. + +Figure 6.2.2.2: Cell Outage Compensation NRM IOCs (Inheritance Relationship) + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from QciDscpMapping to ManagedFunction.](3da1a07cb87051bf616c9876db958cf0_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class ManagedFunction { + <> + ManagedFunction + (from 32.622) + } + class QciDscpMapping { + <> + QciDscpMapping + } + ManagedFunction <|-- QciDscpMapping +``` + +The diagram shows two classes. The top class is labeled <> ManagedFunction (from 32.622). The bottom class is labeled <> QciDscpMapping. A vertical inheritance arrow points from the bottom class to the top class. + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from QciDscpMapping to ManagedFunction. + +Figure 6.2.2.3: EPC NRM Inheritance Hierarchy\_2 + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON to Top.](e636d7ccca0ad14c6b95201404324823_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class Top { + <> + Top + (from TS 32.622) + } + class EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON { + <> + EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON + } + Top <|-- EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON +``` + +The diagram shows two classes. The top class is labeled <> Top (from TS 32.622). The bottom class is labeled <> EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON. A vertical inheritance arrow points from the bottom class to the top class. + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance from EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON to Top. + +Figure 6.2.2.4: Cell SON Attributes NRM IOCs (Inheritance Relationship) + +![UML Class Diagram showing inheritance relationship between CCOInformation and Top](79e1709a7317ead45379cbb8ff3ba802_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class Top { + <> + Top + (from TS 32.622) + } + class CCOInformation { + <> + CCOInformation + } + CCOInformation --|> Top + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing inheritance relationship between CCOInformation and Top + +Figure 6.2.2.5: Capacity and Coverage Optimization Information NRM IOCs (Inheritance Relationship) + +## 6.3 Information Object Class (IOC) definitions + +### 6.3.1 ENBFunction + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +This IOC represents eNB functionality. For more information about the eNB, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [19]. + +#### 6.3.1.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| intraANRSwitch | CM | M | M | +| iRATANRSwitch | CM | M | M | +| eNBId | M | M | - | +| x2BlackList | CM | M | M | +| x2WhiteList | CM | M | M | +| x2HOBlackList | CM | M | M | +| x2IpAddressList | O | M | - | +| tceIDMappingInfoList | CM | M | M | +| sharNetTceMappingInfoList | CM | M | M | + +#### 6.3.1.3 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|---------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| intraANRSwitch Support Qualifier | The condition is "ANR function is supported". | +| iRATANRSwitch Support Qualifier | The condition is "ANR function is supported". | +| x2BlackList Support Qualifier | The condition is "ANR function is supported". | +| x2WhiteList Support Qualifier | The condition is "ANR function is supported". | +| x2HOBlackList Support Qualifier | The condition is "ANR function is supported". | +| tceIDMappingInfoList Support Qualifier | The condition is "MDT function is supported". | +| sharNetTceMappingInfoList Support Qualifier | The condition is "MDT function and when several PLMNs are supported". | + +#### 6.3.1.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.2 ExternalENBFunction + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +This IOC represents an external eNB functionality. For more information about the eNB, see 3GPP TS 23.002 [19]. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| eNBId | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.2.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.2.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.2 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.3 EUTranGenericCell + +#### 6.3.3.1 Definition + +This abstract IOC represents the common properties of an E-UTRAN generic cell. For more information about cells, see 3GPP TS 23.401 [9]. + +#### 6.3.3.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| cellLocalId | M | M | M | +| cellSize | M | M | M | +| plmnIdList | M | M | M | +| tac | M | M | M | +| pci | M | M | CM | +| pciList | CM | M | M | +| maximumTransmissionPower | M | M | CM | +| referenceSignalPower | M | M | M | +| pb | M | M | M | +| partOfSectorPower | CM | M | M | +| relatedTmaList | CO | M | - | +| relatedAntennaList | CO | M | - | +| relatedSector | CM | M | - | +| cellResvInfo | CM | M | M | +| allowedAccessClasses | M | M | M | +| isChangeForEnergySavingAllowed | CM | M | M | + +| Attribute Name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|---------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| operationalState | O | M | - | +| administrativeState | O | M | M | +| availabilityStatus | O | M | - | + +NOTE: No state or status propagation shall be implied. + +#### 6.3.3.3 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|-----------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| pci CM Write Qualifier | NM-Centralized PCI assignment (see TS 32.500, ref [15] subclause 6.1.6) is supported. | +| pciList CM Support Qualifier | Either EM-Centralized or Distributed PCI assignment (see TS 32.500, ref [15] subclause 6.1.6) is supported. | +| partOfSectorPower CM support qualifier | The IOC SectorEquipmentFunction is used. | +| maximumTransmissionPower CM Write Qualifier | The IOC SectorEquipmentFunction is not used. | +| relatedTmaList CO Support Qualifier | The IOC SectorEquipmentFunction is not used. | +| relatedAntennaList CO Support Qualifier | The IOC SectorEquipmentFunction is not used. | +| relatedSector CM Support Qualifier | The IOC SectorEquipmentFunction is used. | +| cellResvInfo CM Support Qualifier | The MBSFN Transmission (see TS 36.300, ref[11] subclause 15.3.3) is supported. | +| isChangeForEnergySavingAllowed CM Support Qualifier | The energy saving functionality is supported and uses distributed architecture. | + +#### 6.3.3.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.4 ExternalEUtranGenericCell + +#### 6.3.4.1 Definition + +This abstract IOC represents the properties of an E-UTRAN generic cell controlled by another IRP Agent. This IOC contains necessary attributes for inter-system and intra-system handover. It also contains a subset of the attributes of related IOCs controlled by another IRP Agent. The way to maintain consistency between the attribute values of these IOCs is outside the scope of the present document. + +#### 6.3.4.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| pci | M | M | M | +| plmnIdList | M | M | M | +| cellLocalId | M | M | M | +| eNBId | CM | M | M | + +#### 6.3.4.3 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| eNBId CM Support Qualifier | This instance of ExternalEUTranGenericCell IOC is directly contained by SubNetwork. | + +#### 6.3.4.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.2 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.5 EUTranCellFDD + +#### 6.3.5.1 Definition + +This IOC represents the properties of E-UTRAN FDD cell. + +#### 6.3.5.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| earfcnDl | M | M | M | +| earfcnUl | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.5.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.5.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.6 ExternalEUTranCellFDD + +#### 6.3.6.1 Definition + +This IOC represents the common properties of external E-UTRAN FDD cell. + +#### 6.3.6.2 Attributes + +**Table 6.3.5.2.1: Attributes of ExternalEUTranCellFDD** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| earfcnDl | M | M | M | +| earfcnUl | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.6.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.6.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.2 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.7 EUtranCellTDD + +#### 6.3.7.1 Definition + +This IOC represents the properties of E-UTRAN cell TDD. + +#### 6.3.7.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|-------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| earfcn | M | M | M | +| sfAssignment | M | M | M | +| specialSfPatterns | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.7.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.7.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.8 ExternalEUtranCellTDD + +#### 6.3.8.1 Definition + +This IOC represents the common properties of external E-UTRAN cell TDD. + +#### 6.3.8.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| earfcn | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.8.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.8.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.2 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.9 EUtranRelation + +#### 6.3.9.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a NR from a source cell to a target cell, where the target cell is a `EUtranGenericCell` or `ExternalEUtranGenericCell` instance. + +The source cell can be an `EUtranGenericCell` instance. This is the case for an Intra-E-UTRAN NR. + +The source cell can be an `UtranGenericCell` instance. This is the case for Inter-RAT NR from UTRAN to E-UTRAN. See 3GPP TS 32.642 [21]. + +The source cell can be a `GsmCell` instance. This is the case for Inter-RAT NR from GERAN to E-UTRAN. See 3GPP TS 32.652 [20]. + +NRs are unidirectional. + +#### 6.3.9.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| tCI | O | M | M | +| isRemoveAllowed | CM | M | M | +| isHOAllowed | CM | M | M | +| adjacentCell | M | M | M | +| isICICInformationSendAllowed | CM | M | M | +| isLBAllowed | CM | M | M | +| isESCoveredBy | CM | M | M | +| qOffset | CM | M | M | +| cellIndividualOffset | CM | M | - | + +#### 6.3.9.3 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| isRemoveAllowed Support Qualifier | The condition is "ANR function is supported in the source cell, and the source cell is an EUTRANGenericCell or a UTRANGenericCell". | +| isHOAllowed Support Qualifier | The condition is "ANR function is supported in the source cell, and the source cell is an EUTRANGenericCell or a UTRANGenericCell". | +| isICICInformationSendAllowed Support Qualifier | The condition is "ICIC function is supported". | +| isLBAllowed Support Qualifier | The condition is "LB function is supported". | +| isESCoveredBy Support Qualifier | The condition is "Energy Saving function is supported". | +| qOffset Support Qualifier | The condition is "Neither an EM-centralized nor a distributed SON function support the SON use cases for which this attribute is relevant (see §6.5.1)". | +| cellIndividualOffset Support Qualifier | The condition is "HOO function is supported" or "Load Balancing Optimization function is supported". | + +#### 6.3.9.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.10 Link\_ENB\_ENB + +#### 6.3.10.1 Definition + +This IOC represents the link between two ENBFunction. + +#### 6.3.10.2 Attributes + +None. + +#### 6.3.10.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.10.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.11 Void + +### 6.3.12 Void + +### 6.3.13 Cdma2000Relation + +#### 6.3.13.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a NR from one EUTranGenericCell to a CDMA2000 sector. NRs are directional. + +See 3GPP2 TS S.S0028 [22] + +#### 6.3.13.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| adjacentSector | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.13.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.13.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.14 MCEFunction + +#### 6.3.14.1 Definition + +This IOC represents MCE functionality. For more information about the MCE, see 3GPP TS 36.300 [11]. + +#### 6.3.14.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.14.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.14.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.15 MBSFNArea + +#### 6.3.15.1 Definition + +This IOC represents MBSFN Area. For more information about MBSFN Area, see 3GPP TS 36.300 [11]. + +#### 6.3.15.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| mbsfnAreaId | M | M | M | +| cellIdList | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.15.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.15.4 Notifications + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|----------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-------| +| notifyAttributeValueChange | See Kernel CM IRP (3GPP TS 32.662 [13]) | | +| notifyObjectCreation | See Kernel CM IRP (3GPP TS 32.662 [13]) | | +| notifyObjectDeletion | See Kernel CM IRP (3GPP TS 32.662 [13]) | | + +### 6.3.16 Link\_MCE\_ENB + +#### 6.3.16.1 Definition + +This IOC models the M2 reference point as defined in TS 36.300 [11]. + +#### 6.3.16.2 Attributes + +None. + +#### 6.3.16.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.16.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.17 Link\_MCE\_MME + +#### 6.3.17.1 Definition + +This IOC models the M3 reference point as defined in TS 36.300 [11]. + +#### 6.3.17.2 Attributes + +None. + +#### 6.3.17.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.17.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.18 RNFunction + +#### 6.3.18.1 Definition + +This IOC represents Relay Node (RN) functionality. For more information about RN, see 3GPP TS 36.300 [11]. + +#### 6.3.18.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| candidateDeNBCells | M | M | M | +| servingCell | M | M | M | + +Editor's note: the need of attribute candidateDeNBCells is for FFS. + +#### 6.3.18.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.18.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.19 ExternalRNFunction + +#### 6.3.19.1 Definition + +This IOC represents the properties of a Relay Node (RN) controlled by another IRP Agent. For more information about RN, see 3GPP TS 36.300 [11]. + +#### 6.3.19.2 Attributes + +None. + +#### 6.3.19.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.19.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.2 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.20 DeNBCapability + +#### 6.3.20.1 Definition + +This IOC represents the capability for an eNodeB to act as a Donor eNodeB (DeNB) functionality. For more information about the DeNB, see 3GPP TS 36.300 [11]. + +#### 6.3.20.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| servedRN | M | M | M | +| maxNbrRNAallowed | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.20.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.20.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.21 Void + +### 6.3.22 Void + +### 6.3.23 CellOutageCompensationInformation + +#### 6.3.23.1 Definition + +This IOC represents information relevant in case of a Cell Outage Compensation taking place. + +#### 6.3.23.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| cOCStatus | M | M | - | +| isCOCAllowed | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.23.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.23.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.2 are valid for this IOC, with the addition that `notifyAttributeValueChange` shall be supported (Support Qualifier M). + +### 6.3.24 QciDscpMapping + +#### 6.3.24.1 Definition + +This IOC represents a set of mapping between QCI and DSCP. + +#### 6.3.24.2 Attributes + +| Attribute Name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|--------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | M | M | - | +| qciDscpMappingList | M | M | M | + +#### 6.3.24.3 Attribute constraints + +None. + +#### 6.3.24.4 Notifications + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-------| +| notifyAttributeValueChange | See Kernel CM IRP (3GPP TS 32.662 [32]) | | +| notifyObjectCreation | See Kernel CM IRP (3GPP TS 32.662 [32]) | | +| notifyObjectDeletion | See Kernel CM IRP (3GPP TS 32.662 [32]) | | + +### 6.3.25 EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON + +#### 6.3.25.1 Definition + +This abstract IOC represents the properties of an E-UTRAN generic cell which relate to SON functions. Its purpose is to enable configuration and tuning of the cell behaviour by the operator for SON functions which are not (yet) implemented in the eNodeB. NMS level SON should consider when configuring and tuning the cell the correlation of different attributes to optimise the eNodeB and network performance. For more information about cells, see 3GPP TS 23.401 [9]. + +#### 6.3.25.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| a1ThresholdRsrp | CM | M | M | +| a1ThresholdRsrq | CM | M | M | +| a2ThresholdRsrp | CM | M | M | +| a2ThresholdRsrq | CM | M | M | +| a3Offset | CM | M | M | +| a4ThresholdRsrp | CM | M | M | +| a4ThresholdRsrq | CM | M | M | +| a5Threshold1Rsrp | CM | M | M | +| a5Threshold1Rsrq | CM | M | M | +| b1ThresholdUtraRscp | CM | M | M | +| b1ThresholdUtraEcN0 | CM | M | M | +| b1ThresholdGeran | CM | M | M | +| b1ThresholdCdma2000 | CM | M | M | +| b2Threshold1Rsrp | CM | M | M | +| b2Threshold1Rsrq | CM | M | M | +| b2Threshold2UtraRscp | CM | M | M | +| b2Threshold2UtraEcN0 | CM | M | M | +| b2Threshold2Geran | CM | M | M | +| b2Threshold2Cdma2000 | CM | M | M | +| commonChannelPowerOffset | CM | M | M | +| configurationIndex | CM | M | M | +| contentionResolutionTimer | CM | M | M | +| hysteresisEutraA1 | CM | M | M | +| hysteresisEutraA2 | CM | M | M | +| hysteresisEutraA3 | CM | M | M | +| hysteresisEutraA4 | CM | M | M | +| hysteresisEutraA5 | CM | M | M | +| hysteresisIratB1 | CM | M | M | +| hysteresisIratB2 | CM | M | M | +| numberOfRaPreambles | CM | M | M | +| preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower | CM | M | M | +| preambleTransMax | CM | M | M | +| pMax | CM | M | M | +| powerRampingStep | CM | M | M | +| qHyst | CM | M | M | +| qOffsetUtra | CM | M | M | +| qOffsetGeran | CM | M | M | +| qOffsetCdma2000 | CM | M | M | +| qQualMinUtra | CM | M | M | +| qRxLevMinEUtraSib1 | CM | M | M | +| qRxLevMinEUtraSib3 | CM | M | M | +| qRxLevMinGeran | CM | M | M | +| qRxLevMinUtra | CM | M | M | +| responseWindowSize | CM | M | M | +| rootSequenceIndex | CM | M | M | +| sIntraSearch | CM | M | M | +| sizeOfRAPreamblesGroupA | CM | M | M | +| timeToTriggerEutraA1 | CM | M | M | +| timeToTriggerEutraA2 | CM | M | M | +| timeToTriggerEutraA3 | CM | M | M | +| timeToTriggerEutraA4 | CM | M | M | +| timeToTriggerEutraA5 | CM | M | M | +| timeToTriggerIratB1 | CM | M | M | +| timeToTriggerIratB2 | CM | M | M | +| tReselectionCdma2000 | CM | M | M | +| tReselectionEUtra | CM | M | M | +| tReselectionGeran | CM | M | M | +| tReselectionUtra | CM | M | M | +| tStoreUeContext | CM | M | M | + +#### 6.3.25.3 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| All Support Qualifiers | The condition is "Neither an EM-centralized nor a distributed SON function support the SON use cases for which this attribute is relevant (see §6.5.1)". | + +#### 6.3.25.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.1 are valid for this IOC, without exceptions or additions. + +### 6.3.26 CCOInformation + +#### 6.3.26.1 Definition + +This IOC represents information relevant in case of a Capacity and Coverage Optimization taking place. + +#### 6.3.26.2 Attributes + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| cCOStatus | M | M | CM | + +#### 6.3.26.3 Attribute constraints + +| Name | Definition | +|------------------------------|----------------------------------| +| cCOStatus CM Write Qualifier | NM centralized CCO is supported. | + +#### 6.3.26.4 Notifications + +The common notifications defined in subclause 6.6.2 are valid for this IOC, with the addition that `notifyAttributeValueChange` shall be supported (Support Qualifier M). + +## 6.4 Information relationship definitions + +### 6.4.1 EUtranNeighbourCellRelation (M) + +#### 6.4.1.1 Definition + +This association represents the unidirectional Neighbour cell Relation (NR) from the `EUtranGenericCell` containing this `EUtranRelation` to another `EUtranGenericCell`. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| adjacentCell | This role represents the associated EUtranGenericCell of an EUtranNeighbourCellRelation . | + +#### 6.4.1.3 Constraints + +Associations `EUtranNeighbourCellRelation` and `ExternalEUtranNeighbourCellRelation` are mutually exclusive. + +### 6.4.2 ExternalEUtranNeighbourCellRelation (M) + +#### 6.4.2.1 Definition + +This association represents the unidirectional Neighbour cell Relation (NR) from the `EUtranGenericCell` containing this `EUtranRelation` to an `ExternalEUtranGenericCell`. + +#### 6.4.2.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| adjacentCell | This role represents the associated ExternalEUtranGenericCell of an ExternalEUtranNeighbourCellRelation . | + +#### 6.4.2.3 Constraints + +Associations `EUtranNeighbourCellRelation` and `ExternalEUtranNeighbourCellRelation` are mutually exclusive. + +### 6.4.3 ExternalCdma2000NeighbourCellRelation (M) + +#### 6.4.3.1 Definition + +This association represents the unidirectional Neighbour cell Relation (NR) from the `EUtranGenericCell` containing this `Cdma2000Relation` to an `ExternalSector`. + +#### 6.4.3.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| adjacentSector | This role represents the associated ExternalSector of an ExternalCdma2000NeighbourCellRelation . | + +#### 6.4.3.3 Constraints + +### 6.4.4 Void + +### 6.4.5 Void + +### 6.4.6 Void + +### 6.4.7 Void + +### 6.4.8 Void + +### 6.4.9 MBSFNAreaRelatedCells (M) + +#### 6.4.9.1 Definition + +This association represents the unidirectional relationship from the `MBSFNArea` to the `EUtranGenericCells` it includes. + +#### 6.4.9.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| cellIdList | This role represents the associated EUtranGenericCell of a MBSFNAreaRelatedCells . | + +#### 6.4.9.3 Constraints + +### 6.4.10 ServesRN (O) + +#### 6.4.10.1 Definition + +This unidirectional association represents the relation between a DeNB (represented by an `ENBFunction` containing a `DeNBCapability`) and one or more served `RNFunction` instances. + +#### 6.4.10.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|----------|------------------------------------------------------------------| +| servedRN | This role represents the RN instance served by a DeNB instance . | + +#### 6.4.10.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.11 ServesExtRN (O) + +#### 6.4.11.1 Definition + +This unidirectional association represents the relation between a DeNB (represented by an ENBFunction containing a DeNBCapability) and one or more served ExternalRNFunction instances. + +#### 6.4.11.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| servedRN | This role represents the external RN instance served by a DeNB instance . | + +#### 6.4.11.3 Constraints + +None. + +### 6.4.12 ServedByEGC (O) + +#### 6.4.12.1 Definition + +This unidirectional association represents the relation between one or more RNs and their serving DeNB cell. + +#### 6.4.12.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| servingCell | This role represents the cell serving one or more RNFunction instances . | + +#### 6.4.12.3 Constraints + +Associations ServedByEGC and ServedByExtEGC are mutually exclusive. + +### 6.4.13 ServedByExtEGC (O) + +#### 6.4.13.1 Definition + +This unidirectional association represents the relation between one or more RNs and their external serving DeNB cell (under another IRPAgent). + +#### 6.4.13.2 Roles + +| Name | Definition | +|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| servingCell | This role represents the external cell serving one or more RNFunction instances . | + +#### 6.4.13.3 Constraints + +Associations ServedByEGC and ServedByExtEGC are mutually exclusive. + +## 6.5 Information attribute definitions + +### 6.5.1 Definition and legal values + +Table 6.5.1.1 defines the attributes that are present in several Information Object Classes (IOCs) of the present document. + +**Table 6.5.1.1: Attributes definitions and legal values** + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| a1ThresholdRsrp | RSRP Threshold to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a1. Actual value is IE value -140 dBm. Corresponds to parameter a1-Threshold.Threshold-RSRP specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 97 | +| a1ThresholdRsrq | RSRP Threshold to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a1. Actual value is (IE value -40)/2 dB. Corresponds to parameter a1-Threshold.Threshold-RSRQ specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 34 | +| a2ThresholdRsrp | RSRP Threshold to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a2. Actual value is IE value -140 dBm. Corresponds to parameter a2-Threshold.Threshold-RSRP specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 97 | +| a2ThresholdRsrq | RSRP Threshold to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a2. Actual value is (IE value -40)/2 dB. Corresponds to parameter a2-Threshold.Threshold-RSRQ specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 34 | +| a3Offset | Offset to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a3. Mapping to values in dB is specified in [38]. Corresponds to parameter a3-Offset specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | -30 : 30 | +| a4ThresholdRsrp | RSRP Threshold to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a4. Actual value is IE value -140 dBm. Corresponds to parameter a4-Threshold.Threshold-RSRP specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 97 | +| a4ThresholdRsrq | RSRP Threshold to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a4. Actual value is (IE value -40)/2 dB. Corresponds to parameter a4-Threshold.Threshold-RSRQ specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 34 | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| a5Threshold1Rs
rp | RSRP Threshold1 to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a5. Actual value is IE value -140 dBm. Corresponds to parameter a5-Threshold1.Threshold-RSRP specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 97 | +| a5Threshold1Rs
rq | RSRP Threshold to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event a5. Actual value is (IE value -40)/2 dB. Corresponds to parameter a5-Threshold1.Threshold-RSRQ specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 34 | +| adjacentCell | This attribute contains the DN of a EUTranGenericCell or ExternalEUTranGenericCell. | | +| adjacentSector | This attribute contains the DN of an ExternalSector. | | +| allowedAccessC
lasses | This holds information for access classes (10-15) – [3GPP TS 22.011] that are allowed for the eUTRANCell.
The access classes are:
Class 10 – emergency call
Class 11 – For PLMN Use.
Class 12 – Security Services;
Class 13– Public Utilities (e.g. water/gas suppliers);
Class 14– Emergency Services;
Class 15 – PLMN Staff; | The default value is all access classes are allowed

See TS 22.011 [29] and 36.331 [10] for more details on the definition and SIB2 broadcast message definition | +| b1ThresholdCdm
a2000 | Threshold to be used in CDMA2000 triggering condition for event b1. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 45.008. Corresponds to parameter b1-ThresholdCDMA2000 specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0:63 | +| b1ThresholdGer
an | Threshold to be used in GERAN triggering condition for event b1. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 45.008. Corresponds to parameter b1-ThresholdGERAN specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0:63 | +| b1ThresholdUtr
aEcN0 | EcN0 threshold to be used in UTRA triggering condition for event b1. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 25.133. Corresponds to parameter b1-ThresholdULTA:utra-EcN0 specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0:49 | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| b1ThresholdUtraRscp | RSCP threshold to be used in UTRA triggering condition for event b1. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 25.133. Corresponds to parameter b1-ThresholdULTA:utra-RSCP specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | -5 :91 | +| b2Threshold1Rsrp | RSRP Threshold to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event b2. Actual value is IE value -140 dBm. Corresponds to parameter b2-Threshold1.Threshold-RSRP specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 97 | +| b2Threshold1Rsrq | RSRP Threshold to be used in evaluation of EUTRA measurement report triggering condition for event b2. Actual value is (IE value -40)/2 dB. Corresponds to parameter b2-Threshold1.Threshold-RSRQ specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 34 | +| b2Threshold2Cdma2000 | Threshold to be used in CDMA2000 measurement report triggering condition for event b2. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in [37]. Corresponds to parameter b2-Threshold2CDMA2000 specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0:63 | +| b2Threshold2Geran | Threshold to be used in GERAN measurement report triggering condition for event b2. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in [37]. Corresponds to parameter b2-Threshold2GERAN specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0:63 | +| b2Threshold2UtraEcN0 | EcN0 threshold to be used in UTRA measurement report triggering condition for event b2. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 25.133. Corresponds to parameter b2-Threshold2ULTA:utra-EcN0 specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0:49 | +| b2Threshold2UtraRscp | RSCP threshold to be used in UTRA measurement report triggering condition for event b2. Mapping to actual dBm values is specified in 3GPP TS 25.133. Corresponds to parameter b2-Threshold2ULTA:utra-RSCP specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | -5 :91 | +| candidateDeNBcells | A list of ECGIs of the candidates DeNB cells for the subject Relay Node in Attach for RN operation (phase 2), see 36.300[4]. | See 3GPP TS 36.413[27], 36.300[4] | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| cCOStatus |

This attribute holds the information about the capacity and coverage optimization (CCO) function activities for the cell which name contains the CCOInformation IOC instance.

The initial state is cCOPassive . When a cell is in cCOPassive state, it may monitor the cell performance to prepare for CCO action.

When CCO starts to update the parameters of this cell or on a relevant cell for a CCO transaction, the state is changed to cCOActive.

When CCO finishes updating the parameters of all cells for one CCO transaction, the state is changed to cCOPassive.

| Enumerated
{
cCOPassive,
cCOActive
} | +| cellIdList | This holds a list of DN of EUtranGenericCell. These cells all belong to one MBSFN Area. | | +| cellIndividualOffset |

Offset applicable to a neighbouring cell. It is used for evaluating the neighbouring cell for handover in connected mode. This attribute corresponds to parameter cellIndividualOffset in MeasObjectEUTRA IE in [10].

This attribute is used by the HandOver parameter Optimization (HOO) function or Load Balancing Optimization (LBO) function.

| Enumerated :
dB-24, dB-22, dB-20, dB-18,
dB-16, dB-14, dB-12, dB-10,
dB-08, dB-06, dB-05, dB-04,
dB-03, dB-02, dB-01, dB+00,
dB+01, dB+02, dB+03, dB+04,
dB+05, dB+06, dB+08, dB+10,
dB+12, dB+14, dB+16, dB+18,
dB+20, dB+22, dB+24 | +| cellLocalId | Unambiguously identify a cell within an eNodeB | 0 - 255. | +| cellResvInfo |

This attribute represents whether the cell is MBSFN Area Reserved Cell or not.

See TS 36.300[11] for MBSFN Area Reserved Cell.

| See 3GPP TS 36.443 [28] for Cell Reservation Info. | +| cellSize | See cell-Size in TS 36.423 [24]. | See cell-Size in TS 36.423 [24]. | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| cOCStatus |

This attribute holds the information about cell outage compensation (COC) activities for the cell which name contains the CellOutageCompensationInformation IOC instance.

The initial state is cOCDeactive.

When a cell outage is detected and its compensation starts, then the state is cOCActivating.

When COC function decides that all activities to activate the compensation are done, the state changes to cOCActive.

When outage of cell is ended and activities to remove the compensation are ongoing, the state changes to cOCDeactivating.

When outage of cell ends and all activities to remove the compensation are done, the state changes back to cOCDeactive.

When a cell begins compensation of an outaged neighbouring cell, its state should change to cOCCompensating.

When a cell ends compensation of an outaged neighbouring cell, its state should change to cOCDeactive.

In case of errors during activation or deactivation, this attribute also contains a list of elements which could not be reconfigured by the COC function.

If there are no errors during activation or deactivation, the list of elements shall be empty.

For an example how notifyAttributeValueChange notifications related to this attribute are used to inform an IRPManager about COC activities see Annex A.

|

This element contains 2 parts, state and errorList

state = enumerated
{
  cOCActivating,
  cOCActive,
  cOCDeactivating,
  cOCDeactive,
  cOCCompensating
}

errorList = list of DNs

| +| commonChannelPowerOffset |

Power offset of the Primary Synchronization Channel, Secondary Synchronization Channel and Physical Broadcast Channel with respect to the referenceSignalPower. Value in dB is the actual value divided by 10. For example, value -30 represents -3dB; value 120 represent 12dB etc.

This attribute may be used for Coverage and Capacity Optimization and ICIC.

| -350:150 | +| configurationIndex |

Provides index into the table defining PRACH resources within the frame. Corresponds to PRACH-Configuration-Index parameter defined in [10] and [12].

This attribute may be used for RACH Optimization.

| 0 : 63 | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------| +| contentionResolutionTimer | Contention resolution timer. Corresponds to parameter mac-ContentionResolutionTimer specified in [10] and in [40]. Value sfn corresponds to n subframes.

This attribute may be used for RACH Optimization. | {sf8, sf16, sf24, sf32, sf40, sf48, sf56, sf64} | +| earfcn | It is the frequency number for the central frequency. See 3GPP TS 36.104[14]. | See 3GPP TS 36.104[14]. | +| earfcnDl | Specifies the channel number for the central DL frequency. The mapping from channel number to physical frequency is described in 3GPP specification TS 36.101 [13] subclause 5.7.3. | See EARFCN in TS 36.101 [13] subclause 5.7.3 | +| earfcnUl | Specifies the channel number for the central UL frequency. The mapping from channel number to physical frequency is described in 3GPP specification TS 36.101 [13] subclause 5.7.3. | See EARFCN in TS 36.101 [13] subclause 5.7.3. | +| eNBId | Unambiguously identifies an eNodeB within a PLMN | See 3GPP TS 36.413[27], 36.300[4] | +| | | | +| | | | +| hysteresisEutraA1 | Hysteresis applied to entry and leave condition of a report triggering event A1. Maps to the instance of the hysteresis IE specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10] corresponding to event A1.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 30 | +| hysteresisEutraA2 | Hysteresis applied to entry and leave condition of a report triggering event A2. Maps to the instance of the hysteresis IE specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10] corresponding to event A2.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 30 | +| hysteresisEutraA3 | Hysteresis applied to entry and leave condition of a report triggering event A3. Maps to the instance of the hysteresis IE specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10] corresponding to event A3.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 30 | +| hysteresisEutraA4 | Hysteresis applied to entry and leave condition of a report triggering event A4. Maps to the instance of the hysteresis IE specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10] corresponding to event A4.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 30 | +| hysteresisEutraA5 | Hysteresis applied to entry and leave condition of a report triggering event A5. Maps to the instance of the hysteresis IE specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10] corresponding to event A5.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 : 30 | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|---------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| hysteresisIratB1 | Hysteresis applied to entry and leave condition of the IRAT report triggering event B1. Maps to hysteresis IE specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10] corresponding to event B1.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 :30 | +| hysteresisIratB2 | Hysteresis applied to entry and leave condition of the IRAT report triggering event B2. Maps to hysteresis IE specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10] corresponding to event B2.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 :30 | +| id | An attribute whose "name+value" can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the object class. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| intraANRSwitch | This attribute determines whether the intra E-UTRAN ANR function is activated or deactivated.

If "on", the intra E-UTRAN ANR function may add or remove intra E-UTRAN Neighbour Relations, i.e. add or remove EUtranRelation instances from EUtranGenericCells of this ENBFunction .
If "off", the intra E-UTRAN ANR Function must not add or remove Neighbour Relations, i.e. add or remove EUtranRelation instances from EUtranGenericCells of this ENBFunction . | on, off | +| iRATANRSwitch | This attribute determines whether the IRAT ANR function is activated or deactivated.

If "on", the IRAT ANR function may add or remove IRAT Neighbour Relations, i.e. add or remove UtranRelation or GsmRelation instances from EUtranGenericCells of this ENBFunction .
If "off", the IRAT ANR Function must not add or remove IRAT Neighbour Relations, i.e. add or remove UtranRelation or GsmRelation instances from EUtranGenericCells of this ENBFunction . | on, off | +| isChangeForEnergySavingAllowed | This attribute allows to IRPManager to prohibit or allow configuration changes of the cell for ESM purposes by the IRPAgent. This restriction also applies to instances name contained in such cells. Their attribute values can not be changed by the IRPAgent. | yes, no | +| isCOCAllowed | This attribute allows to IRPManager to prohibit or allow configuration changes of the cell for cell outage compensation purposes by the IRPAgent. This restriction also applies to instances name contained in such cells. Their attribute values can not be changed by the IRPAgent. | yes, no | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| isESCoveredBy |

The value of the attribute is configured by the IRPmanager and is not changed by the IRPAgent. It indicates whether the adjacentCell according to this planning provides no, partial or full coverage for the cell which name-contains the EUtranRelation instance.

Adjacent cells with this attribute equal to “yes” are recommended to be considered as candidate cells to take over the coverage when the original cell is about to be transferred to energySaving state. The entirety of adjacent cells with this property equal to “partial” are recommended to be considered as entirety of candidate cells to take over the coverage when the original cell is about to be transferred to energySaving state.

| No, partial, yes | +| isHOAllowed |

This indicates if HO is allowed or prohibited.

If ‘yes’, handover is allowed from source cell to target cell. The source cell is identified by the name-containing EUTranGenericCell or UtranGenericCell of the EUTranRelation that has the isHOAllowed. The target cell is referenced by the EUTranRelation that has this isHOAllowed.

If ‘no’, handover shall not be allowed.

| yes, no | +| isICICInformationSendAllowed |

This indicates if ICIC (Inter Cell Interference Coordination) load information message (see TS 36.423 [24] Section 9.1.2.1 LOAD INFORMATION) sending is allowed or prohibited.

If ‘yes’, ICIC load information message sending is allowed from source cell to target cell. The source cell is identified by the name-containing EUTranGenericCell of the EUTranRelation that has the isICICInformationSendAllowed. The target cell is referenced by the EUTranRelation that has this isICICInformationSendAllowed.

If ‘no’, ICIC load information message sending shall not be allowed.

| yes, no | +| isLBAllowed |

This indicates if load balancing is allowed or prohibited from source cell to target cell.

If ‘yes’, load balancing is allowed from source cell to target cell. The source cell is identified by the name-containing EUTranGenericCell of the EUTranRelation that has the isLBAllowed. The target cell is referenced by the EUTranRelation that has this isLBAllowed.

If ‘no’, load balancing shall be prohibited from source cell to target cell.

| yes, no | +| isRemoveAllowed |

This indicates if the subject EUTranRelation can be removed (deleted) or not.

If ‘yes’, the subject EUTranRelation instance can be removed (deleted).

If ‘no’, the subject EUTranRelation instance shall not be removed (deleted) by any entity but an IRPManager.

| yes, no | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| maximumTransmissionPower | This is the maximum possible for all downlink channels, used simultaneously in a cell, added together. | | +| maxNbrRNsAllowed | This is an integer indicating the maximum number of RNs allowed to be connected. It is a number which can be configured by the operator to control the node/network load. | | +| mbsfnAreaId | This is the identifier of MBSFN Area.
See TS 36.300[11] for MBSFN Area. | See 3GPP TS 36.443 [28] for mbsfnAreaId | +| numberOfRaPreambles | Number of non-dedicated random access preambles. Corresponds to parameter numberOfRA-Preambles specified in [10] and in [40]. Value n4 corresponds to 4, n8 corresponds to 8 and so on.

This attribute may be used for RACH Optimization. | {n4,n8,n12,n16,n20,n24,n28,n32,n36,n40,n44,n48,n52,n56,n60,n64} | +| partOfSectorPower | This is the requested part (i.e. %) of the total radio power available to the SectorEquipmentFunction. The requested % power should be allocated to the cell. | 1 : 100 | +| pb | $P_B$ , which is described in Section 5.2 of TS 36.213 [25] | See 3GPP TS 36.213[25] | +| pci | This holds the Physical Cell Identity (PCI) of the cell (for NM-Centralized, EM-Centralized and Distributed PCI assignment cases).

In the case of NM-Centralized PCI assignment, see TS 36.300, [11] subclause 22.3.5, IRPManager signals a specific value by writing this attribute. | See TS 36.211 [12] subclause 6.11 for legal values of pci. | +| pciList | This holds a list of physical cell identities that can be assigned to the pci attribute by eNB. The assignment algorithm is not specified.

This attribute shall be supported if and only if the EM-Centralized or Distributed PCI Assignment is supported. See TS 32.500, ref [15] subclause 6.1.6. | See TS 36.211 [12] subclause 6.11 for legal values of pci. The number of pci in the list is 1 to 504. | +| plmnIdList | List of unique identities for PLMN.
Note: A cell can broadcast up to 6 PLMN-id's. This is to support the case that one cell can be used by up to 6 operators' core networks.
One member of plmnIdList is the primary PLMN Id.
See TS 36.331 [10] section 6.2.2:
SystemInformationBlockType1/cellAccessRelatedInformation/plmn-IdentityList is a SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..6)) | A list of at most six entries of PLMN Identifiers. The PLMN Identifier is composed of a Mobile Country Code (MCC) and a Mobile Network Code (MNC).
See TS 23.003 [3] subclause 2.2 and 12.1. | +| pMax | This parameter is used to limit the allowed UE uplink transmission power on the serving EUTRA frequency. Value in dBm. Corresponds to parameter p-Max specified in SIB1 and SIB3 in [10].

This attribute may be used for RACH Optimization. | -30 : 33 | +| powerRampingStep | Power increase factor between subsequent random access preamble transmissions. Value in dB. Value dB2 corresponds to 2 dB and so on. Corresponds to parameter powerRampingStep specified in [10] and in [40].

This attribute may be used for RACH Optimization. | {dB0, dB2,dB4, dB6} | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower | This parameter denotes the baseline for computation of the transmit power for random access power transmission. Corresponds to parameter preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower specified in [10] and in [40]. Value dBm-120 corresponds to -120 dBm and so on.

This attribute may be used for RACH Optimization. | {dBm-120, dBm-118, dBm-116, dBm-114, dBm-112, dBm-110, dBm-108, dBm-106, dBm-104, dBm-102, dBm-100, dBm-98, dBm-96, dBm-94, dBm-92, dBm-90} | +| preambleTransMax | Maximum number of random access preamble transmissions. Corresponds to parameter preambleTransMax specified in [10] and in [40].

This attribute may be used for RACH Optimization. | {n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n10, n20, n50, n100, n200} | +| qciDscpMappingList | It is a list of mapping between QCI and DSCP, each mapping is a structure including the element QCI and DSCP;
Wherein
- QCI represents the number of the QCI (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.203[33]);
- DSCP represents the DiffServ codepoint (Ref. 3GPP TS 23.207[34] and RFC 2474[35]). | For QCI, Ref. 3GPP TS 23.203[33];
For DSCP, Ref. RFC 2474[35] | +| qHyst | Hysteresis value applied to serving cell for evaluating cell ranking criteria. Value in dB. Corresponds to parameter q-Hyst specified in SIB3 in [10] and in [34].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | {dB0, dB1, dB2, dB3, dB4, dB5, dB6, dB8, dB10, dB12, dB14, dB16, dB18, dB20, dB22, dB24} | +| qOffset | Offset applicable to a specific neighbouring cell used for evaluating the cell as a candidate for cell re-selection. Corresponds to parameter q-OffsetCell broadcast in SIB4 for intra-frequency cells and in SIB5 for inter-frequency cells, specified in [10].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | {dB-24, dB-22, dB-20, dB-18, dB-16, dB-14, dB-12, dB-10, dB-8, dB-6, dB-5, dB-4, dB-3, dB-2, dB-1, dB0, dB1, dB2, dB3, dB4, dB5, dB6, dB8, dB10, dB12, dB14, dB16, dB18, dB20, dB22, dB24} | +| qOffsetCdma2000 | Indicates a CDMA2000-specific offset to be applied when evaluating triggering conditions for measurement reporting in connected mode. Corresponds to parameter offsetFreq included in the IE MeasObjectCDMA2000 specified in 3GPP TS 36.331. This value will apply to all CDMA2000 frequencies.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | -15..15 | +| qOffsetGeran | Indicates a GERAN-specific offset to be applied when evaluating triggering conditions for measurement reporting in connected mode. Corresponds to parameter offsetFreq included in the IE MeasObjectGERAN specified in 3GPP TS 36.331. This value will apply to all GERAN frequencies.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | -15..15 | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| qOffsetUtra | Indicates a UTRA-specific offset to be applied when evaluating triggering conditions for measurement reporting in connected mode. Corresponds to parameter offsetFreq included in the IE MeasObjectUTRA specified in 3GPP TS 36.331.
This value will apply to all UTRA frequencies.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | -15..15 | +| qQualMinUtra | Minimum required received EcIo level on this UTRA FDD carrier. Value in dB. Corresponds to parameter q-QualMin in SIB6 in [10] and in [30]. This attribute applies to all UTRA frequencies.

This attribute may be used for Coverage and Capacity Optimization and ICIC | -24 :0 | +| qRxLevMinEUtra Sib1 | Minimum required received RSRP level of a E-UTRA cell for cell selection. Actual value in dBm is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter q-rxLevMin in SIB1 in [10] and in [34].

This attribute may be used for Coverage and Capacity Optimization and ICIC. | -70 :-22 | +| qRxLevMinEUtra Sib3 | Minimum required received RSRP level for intra-frequency E-UTRA cell re-selection. Actual value in dBm is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter q-rxLevMin in SIB3 in [10] and in [34].

This attribute may be used for Coverage and Capacity Optimization and ICIC. | -70 :-22 | +| qRxLevMinGeran | Minimum required received RSSI level on a GERAN frequency carrier for re-selection to a GERAN carrier. Actual value in dBm is value * 2 - 115. Corresponds to parameter q-rxLevMin in SIB7 in [10] and to RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN in [31]. This attribute applies to all GERAN frequencies.

This attribute may be used for Coverage and Capacity Optimization and ICIC. | 0 : 63 | +| qRxLevMinUtra | Minimum required received RSCP level on a UTRA frequency carrier. Actual value in dBm is obtained by multiplying by 2 plus 1. Corresponds to parameter q-rxLevMin in SIB6 in [10] and in [30]. This attribute applies to all UTRA frequencies.

This attribute may be used for Coverage and Capacity Optimization and ICIC. | -60 :-13 | +| referenceSignalPower | This defines the cell specific downlink reference signal transmit power, which is described in 3GPP TS 36.213[25] | See 3GPP TS 36.331[10] | +| relatedAntennaList | This is an attribute to list the DNs of AntennaFunction(s)(see TS 32.792[31]) that support the EUtranGenericCell. | See 'relatedAntennaList' in Ref. 3GPP TS 32.792 [31] | +| relatedSector | This is an attribute to the DN of SectorEquipmentFunction (see TS 32.792[31]) that support the EUtranGenericCell. | See 'SectorEquipmentFunction' in Ref. 3GPP TS 32.792 [31]. | +| relatedTmaList | This is an attribute to list the DNs of TmaFunction(s) (see TS 32.792[31]) that support the EUtranGenericCell. | See 'relatedTmaList' in Ref. 3GPP TS 32.792 [31]. | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| responseWindowSize | Denotes the duration of the random access response window. Corresponds to parameter ra-ResponseWindowSize specified in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.3.2 and in 3GPP TS 36.321 section 5.1.4. Value sf corresponds to n subframes.

This attribute may be used for RACH Optimization. | Enum{ sf2, sf3, sf4, sf5, sf6, sf7, sf8,sf10 } | +| rootSequenceIndex | Logical root sequence index used to determine 64 physical RACH preamble sequences available in the cell. Corresponds to RACH_ROOT_SEQUENCE parameter defined in [10] and [12].

This attribute may be used for RACH Optimization. | 0 : 837 | +| servedRN | This attribute contains the DNs of one or more associated instances of RNFunction and ExternalRNFunction. | | +| servingCell | This attribute contains the DN of one associated instance of EutranGenericCell or ExternalEutranGenericCell. | | +| sfAssignment | This is the uplink-downlink subframe configuration number of a TDD E-UTRAN cell. | See 3GPP TS 36.211[12]. | +| sharNetTceMappingInfoList | This attribute includes a list of elements. Each element is a list of shared PLMN Id (called "PLMN Target"), TCE ID and the corresponding TCE IP address.
In case when several PLMNs and Logged MDT are supported, this attribute is used to translate from the TCE IP Address to TCE ID when a Logged MDT is ordered to the UE and to translate the TCE ID to TCE IP address when the UE has sent the log to the network. | See "Trace Collection Entity Address" and "Trace Collection Entity Id" in 3GPP TS 32.422 [25].
The "PLMN Target" shall be one of the PLMNs listed in plmnIdList . | +| sIntraSearch | Threshold for intra-frequency measurements. Actual value in dB is obtained by multiplying by 2. Corresponds to parameter s-IntraSearch specified in SIB3 in [10] and in [34].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0: 31 | +| sizeOfRAPreamblesGroupA | Size of the random access preamble group A. Corresponds to parameter sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroup specified in [10] and [40].

This attribute may be used for RACH Optimization. | n4, n8, n12, n16 ,n20, n24, n28, n32, n36, n40, n44, n48, n52, n56, n60 | +| specialSfPatterns | This is the special subframe configuration number of a TDD E-UTRAN cell. | See 3GPP TS 36.211[12]. | +| tac | Common Tracking Area Code for the PLMNs. The identity used to identify tracking areas. | a) It is the Tracking Area Code (TAC).
b) A cell can only broadcast one TAC. See TS 36.300 [11], section 10.1.7 (PLMNID and TAC relation).
c) TAC is defined in TS 23.003 [3], section 19.4.2.3. | +| tceIDMappingInfoList | This attribute includes a list of TCE ID and the corresponding TCE IP address. It is used in Logged MDT case to provide the information to the eNodeB to get the corresponding TCE IP address when there is an MDT log received from the UE This attribute is used if only one PLMN is supported.. | See "Trace Collection Entity Address" and "Trace Collection Entity Id" in 3GPP TS 32.422 [30]. | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| tCI |

This is the Target Cell Identifier. It consists of E-UTRAN Cell Global Identifier (ECGI) and Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) of the target cell.

The EUtranRelation.tCI identifies the target cell from the perspective of the EUtranGenericCell, the name-containing instance of the subject EUtranRelation instance.

|

The Target Cell Identifier is defined in TS 36.300 [11]. See TS 36.211 [12] subclause 6.11 for legal values of the PCI.

| +| timeToTriggerE
utraA1 |

Time during which measurement report triggering condition needs to be met in order to trigger a measurement report for event A1. Maps to the timeToTrigger IE specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10] corresponding to event A1. Value ms0 corresponds to 0 miliseconds etc.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization.

| {ms0, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms100, ms128, ms160, ms256, ms320, ms480, ms512, ms640, ms1024, ms1280, ms2560, ms5120} | +| timeToTriggerE
utraA2 |

Time during which measurement report triggering condition needs to be met in order to trigger a measurement report for event A2. Maps to the timeToTrigger IE specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10] corresponding to event A2. Value ms0 corresponds to 0 miliseconds etc.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization.

| {ms0, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms100, ms128, ms160, ms256, ms320, ms480, ms512, ms640, ms1024, ms1280, ms2560, ms5120} | +| timeToTriggerE
utraA3 |

Time during which measurement report triggering condition needs to be met in order to trigger a measurement report for event A3. Maps to the timeToTrigger IE specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10] corresponding to event A3. Value ms0 corresponds to 0 miliseconds etc.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization.

| {ms0, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms100, ms128, ms160, ms256, ms320, ms480, ms512, ms640, ms1024, ms1280, ms2560, ms5120} | +| timeToTriggerE
utraA4 |

Time during which measurement report triggering condition needs to be met in order to trigger a measurement report for event A4. Maps to the timeToTrigger IE specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10] corresponding to event A4. Value ms0 corresponds to 0 miliseconds etc.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization.

| {ms0, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms100, ms128, ms160, ms256, ms320, ms480, ms512, ms640, ms1024, ms1280, ms2560, ms5120} | +| timeToTriggerE
utraA5 |

Time during which measurement report triggering condition needs to be met in order to trigger a measurement report for event A5. Maps to the timeToTrigger IE specified in ReportConfigEUTRA IE in [10] corresponding to event A5. Value ms0 corresponds to 0 miliseconds etc.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization.

| {ms0, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms100, ms128, ms160, ms256, ms320, ms480, ms512, ms640, ms1024, ms1280, ms2560, ms5120} | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| timeToTriggerIratB1 | Time during which IRAT measurement report triggering condition needs to be met in order to trigger IRAT measurement report for event B1. Maps to timeToTrigger IE specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10] corresponding to event B1. Value ms0 corresponds to 0 milliseconds etc.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | {ms0, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms100, ms128, ms160, ms256, ms320, ms480, ms512, ms640, ms1024, ms1280, ms2560, ms5120} | +| timeToTriggerIratB2 | Time during which IRAT measurement report triggering condition needs to be met in order to trigger IRAT measurement report for event B2. Maps to timeToTrigger IE specified in ReportConfigInterRAT IE in [10] corresponding to event B2. Value ms0 corresponds to 0 milliseconds etc.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | {ms0, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms100, ms128, ms160, ms256, ms320, ms480, ms512, ms640, ms1024, ms1280, ms2560, ms5120} | +| tReselectionCdma2000 | Cell reselection timer for reselection to a CDMA2000 band. Value in seconds. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionCDMA2000 specified in SIB8 in [10] and to TreselecitonCDMA_HRPD or TreselecitonCDMA_1xRTT in [34]

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 :7 | +| tReselectionEutra | Cell reselection timer for intra frequency E-UTRA cell reselection. Value in seconds. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionEUTRA specified in SIB3 in [10] and in [34].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 :7 | +| tReselectionGeran | Cell reselection timer for reselection to a GERAN frequency carrier. Value in seconds. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionGERAN specified in SIB7 in [10] and to TreselecitonGERA in [34].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 :7 | +| tReselectionUtra | Cell reselection timer for reselection to a UTRA frequency carrier. Value in seconds. Corresponds to parameter t-ReselectionUTRA specified in SIB6 in [10] and in [34].

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 :7 | +| tStoreUeContext | The timer used for detection of too early HO. Corresponds to Tstore_UE_cntxt timer described in [11]. Value in 100 milliseconds.

This attribute may be used for Mobility Robustness Optimization. | 0 :1023 | + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------| +| x2BlackList |

This is a list of DNs of ENBFunction and ExternalENBFunction. If the target node DN is a member of the source node's ENBFunction.x2BlackList, the source node is:

  1. 1 Prohibited from sending X2 connection request to target node;
  2. 2 Forced to tear down established X2 connection to target node
  3. 3 Not allowed to accept incoming X2 connection request from target node.

The same DN may appear here and in ENBFunction.x2WhiteList. In such case, the DN in x2WhiteList shall be treated as if it is absent.

| | +| x2HONBlackList |

This is a list of DNs of ENBFunction and ExternalENBFunction. The ENBFunction.x2HONBlackList identifies a list of neighbour ENBFunction and ExternalENBFunction with whom the subject ENBFunction is prohibited to use X2 interface for HOs even if the X2 interface exists between them.

| | +| x2IpAddressList |

Represents one or more IP addresses used by ENBFunction for this ENBFunction's X2 Interface.

| One or more IPv4 or IPv6 addresses | +| x2WhiteList |

This is a list of DNs of ENBFunction and ExternalENBFunction. If the target node DN is a member of the source node's ENBFunction.x2WhiteList, the source node :

  • - Is allowed to request the establishment of X2 connection with the target node;
  • - Is not allowed to initiate the tear down of established X2 connection to target node

The same DN may appear here and in ENBFunction.x2BlackList. In such case, the DN here shall be treated as if it is absent.

| | + +### 6.5.2 Constraints + +None. + +## 6.6 Common Notifications + +### 6.6.1 Alarm and configuration notifications + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-------| +| notifyAckStateChanged | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyAttributeValueChange | O | | +| notifyChangedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyClearedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyNewAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyObjectCreation | O | | +| notifyObjectDeletion | O | | +| notifyComments | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyAlarmListRebuilt | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | +| notifyPotentialFaultyAlarmList | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [11]) | | + +Note that these notifications are issued based on occurrences on the IRPAGENT IOC and not on occurrences on other IOCs. + +### 6.6.2 Configuration notifications + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|----------------------------|-----------|-------| +| notifyAttributeValueChange | O | | +| notifyObjectCreation | O | | +| notifyObjectDeletion | O | | + +Note that these notifications are issued based on occurrences on the IRPAGENT IOC and not on occurrences on other IOCs. + +## 6.7 System State Model + +None. + +# Annex A (informative): Notifications during a Cell Outage Compensation + +The following sequence diagrams and table show an example how notifications of IOC `CellOutageCompensationInformation` and other notifications are used to inform an IRPManager about the COC activities. + +The sequence diagrams show the basic event flow, the table gives more details on selected, most relevant, content of the notifications. + +![Flowchart of COC part 1](3493d7ba4c86f944e159de1bf45ff03d_img.jpg) + +OCI: +`OutageCompensationInformation` + +``` + +graph TD + Start([Cell fails, COC starts]) --> Init[state=cOCActivating +errorList is empty] + Init --> Reconf[Reconfigure other cell] + Reconf --> ReconfSuccess{Reconf successful?} + ReconfSuccess -- No --> AddError[Add other cell to errorList] + ReconfSuccess -- Yes --> SendNotif[cell sends notification] + AddError --> OutageCompensated{Outage compensated?} + SendNotif --> OutageCompensated + OutageCompensated -- No --> MoreReconf{More reconfigurations?} + OutageCompensated -- Yes --> Active[state=cOCActive +OCI sends notification] + MoreReconf -- Yes --> Reconf + MoreReconf -- No --> Active + Active --> End([Wait for end of Cell outage]) + +``` + +The flowchart illustrates the process of Cell Outage Compensation (COC) part 1. It begins with a hexagonal start node labeled "Cell fails, COC starts". This leads to a rectangular process node: "state=cOCActivating" and "errorList is empty". The next step is a rectangular process node: "Reconfigure other cell". A decision diamond "Reconf successful?" follows. If "No", it goes to a rectangular process node: "Add other cell to errorList". If "Yes", it goes to a rectangular process node: "cell sends notification". Both "Add other cell to errorList" and "cell sends notification" lead to a decision diamond "Outage compensated?". If "Yes", it goes to a rectangular process node: "state=cOCActive" and "OCI sends notification". If "No", it goes to a decision diamond "More reconfigurations?". If "Yes", it loops back to "Reconfigure other cell". If "No", it goes to the "state=cOCActive" and "OCI sends notification" node. Finally, it ends at a hexagonal node: "Wait for end of Cell outage". + +Flowchart of COC part 1 + +Figure A-1: Sequence diagram of COC, part 1 + +![Flowchart of COC part 2 sequence diagram. It starts with 'Cell outage of compensated cell ends', followed by 'state=cOCDeactivating, errorList is empty'. Then 'Reconfigure other cell' leads to 'Reconf successful?'. If 'No', it goes to 'Add other cell to errorList'. If 'Yes', it goes to 'cell sends notification'. Both lead to 'Outage compensation removed?'. If 'Yes', it goes to 'state=cOCDeactive, OCI sends notification'. If 'No', it goes to 'More reconfigurations?'. If 'Yes', it loops back to 'Reconfigure other cell'. If 'No', it goes to 'state=cOCDeactive, OCI sends notification'. Finally, it ends at 'COC ended'.](a0e8fe7862a6d7341faf5dac275277cc_img.jpg) + +OCI: +OutageCompensationInformation + +``` + +graph TD + Start{{Cell outage of compensated cell ends}} --> Init["state=cOCDeactivating +errorList is empty"] + Init --> Reconf["Reconfigure other cell"] + Reconf --> ReconfSuccess{Reconf successful?} + ReconfSuccess -- No --> AddError["Add other cell to errorList"] + ReconfSuccess -- Yes --> CellNotif["cell sends notification"] + AddError --> OutageRemoved{Outage compensation removed?} + CellNotif --> OutageRemoved + OutageRemoved -- Yes --> Deactive["state=cOCDeactive +OCI sends notification"] + OutageRemoved -- No --> MoreReconf{More reconfigurations?} + MoreReconf -- Yes --> Reconf + MoreReconf -- No --> Deactive + Deactive --> End{{COC ended}} + +``` + +Flowchart of COC part 2 sequence diagram. It starts with 'Cell outage of compensated cell ends', followed by 'state=cOCDeactivating, errorList is empty'. Then 'Reconfigure other cell' leads to 'Reconf successful?'. If 'No', it goes to 'Add other cell to errorList'. If 'Yes', it goes to 'cell sends notification'. Both lead to 'Outage compensation removed?'. If 'Yes', it goes to 'state=cOCDeactive, OCI sends notification'. If 'No', it goes to 'More reconfigurations?'. If 'Yes', it loops back to 'Reconfigure other cell'. If 'No', it goes to 'state=cOCDeactive, OCI sends notification'. Finally, it ends at 'COC ended'. + +Figure A-2: Sequence diagram of COC, part 2 + +Legend for the table: + +Notifications in *italic font* are not directly triggered by COC activities, but help to give a full picture:Notification content in **bold font** indicates a changed attribute value. + +| Time | Event | Notification | Selected notification content *) | +|------|----------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| T1 | Outage of cell 1. COC is done for this cell. | notifyNewAlarm, originated by EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 1.
notifyAttributeValueChange of CellOutageCompensationInfor | notificationId=notiAlCell1;
correlatedNotifications={};

notificationId=COC1;
correlatedNotifications={ notiAlCell 1 };
cell1.cOCStatus.state=cOCActivating; | + +| Time | Event | Notification | Selected notification content *) | +|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | mation instance name contained in EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 1. | cell1.cOCStatus.errorList={}; | +| T2 | COC reconfigures cell 2 | notifyAttributeValueChange of EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 2. | notificationId=avcCell2comp; correlatedNotifications={COC1}; cell2.cOCStatus.state=cOCCompensating; | +| T3 | COC reconfigures cell 3 | notifyAttributeValueChange of EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 3. | notificationId= avcCell3comp; correlatedNotifications={COC1}; cell3.cOCStatus.state=cOCCompensating; | +| T4 | COC tries to reconfigure cell 4 without success | notifyAttributeValueChange of CellOutageCompensationInformation instance name contained in EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 1. | notificationId=COC2; correlatedNotifications={COC1}; cell1.cOCStatus.state=cOCActivating; cell1.cOCStatus.errorList={cell4}; | +| Case: COC successful | | | | +| T5a | COC function decides, that no further actions are necessary. | notifyAttributeValueChange of CellOutageCompensationInformation instance contained in EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 1. | notificationId=COC5a; correlatedNotifications={COC1}; cell1.cOCStatus.state=cOCActive; cell1.cOCStatus.errorList={cell4}; | +| T6a | Outage of cell 1 ends | notifyClearedAlarm, originated by EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 1.

notifyAttributeValueChange of CellOutageCompensationInformation instance name contained in EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 1. | notificationId= clearAlCell1; correlatedNotifications={ notiAlCell 1,COC1};

NotificationId=COC6a; correlatedNotifications={COC1, COC5a,clearAlCell1}; cell1.cOCStatus.state=cOCDeactivating; cell1.cOCStatus.errorList={}; | +| T7a | COC tries to reconfigure cell 2 without success | In case of unsuccessful reconfiguration: notifyAttributeValueChange of CellOutageCompensationInformation instance name contained in EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 1. | NotificationId=COC7a; correlatedNotifications={COC1, COC5a,COC6a,clearAlCell1}; cell1.cOCStatus.state=cOCDeactivating; cell1.cOCStatus.errorList={cell2}; cell2.cOCStatus.state=cOCDeactive; | +| T8a | COC reconfigures cell 3 | notifyAttributeValueChange of EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 3.

notifyAttributeValueChange of CellOutageCompensationInformation instance name contained in EUtranGenericCell instance representing cell 1. | notificationId= avcCell3decomp; correlatedNotifications={COC1, COC5a,avcCell3comp};

NotificationId=COC8a; correlatedNotifications={COC1, clearAlCell1}; cell1.cOCStatus.state=cOCDeactive; cell1.cOCStatus.errorList={cell2}; cell3.cOCStatus.state=cOCDeactive; | +| Case: COC not successful | | | | +| T5b | COC function decides, that compensation | notifyAttributeValueChange of CellOutageCompensationInfor | NotificationId=COC5b; correlatedNotifications={COC1}; cell1.cOCStatus.state=cOCActive; | + +| Time | Event | Notification | Selected notification content *) | +|------|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | was not successful | mation instance name contained in EUTranGenericCell instance representing cell 1. | cell1.cOCStatus.errorList={cell4}; | +| T6b | Outage of cell 1 ends | notifyClearedAlarm, originated by EUTranGenericCell instance representing cell 1.
notifyAttributeValueChange of CellOutageCompensationInformation instance name contained in EUTranGenericCell instance representing cell 1. | notificationId= clearAlCell1; correlatedNotifications={ notiAlCell 1,COC1};
NotificationId=COC6b;
correlatedNotifications={COC1, clearAlCell1};
cell1.cOCStatus.state=cOCDeactivating;
cell1.cOCStatus.errorList={}; | +| T7b | COC reconfigures cell 2 | notifyAttributeValueChange of EUTranGenericCell instance representing cell 2. | notificationId= avcCell2decomp;
correlatedNotifications={COC1, COC5b,avcCell2comp};
cell2.cOCStatus.state=cOCDeactive; | +| T8b | COC reconfigures cell 3 | notifyAttributeValueChange of EUTranGenericCell instance representing cell 3.
notifyAttributeValueChange of CellOutageCompensationInformation instance name contained in EUTranGenericCell instance representing cell 1. | notificationId= avcCell3decomp;
correlatedNotifications={COC1, COC5b, avcCell3comp};
NotificationId=COC8b;
correlatedNotifications={COC1, clearAlCell1};
cell1.cOCStatus.state=cOCDeactive;
cell1.cOCStatus.errorList={};
cell3.cOCStatus.state=cOCDeactive; | + +\*) Remarks: + +There may be some content of the correlatedNotifications and/or additionalInformation field, which is not related to COC. This additional content is not shown for better readability and must be kept unchanged by COC. The notificationId's are only examples. + + + +# --- Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------|--------------|-----------------|-----------|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Dec 2008 | | | | | Presentation to SA for information | --- | 1.0.0 | +| Mar 2009 | SP-43 | SP-090074 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for approval | 2.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090408 | 001 | - | Cleanup, updated figures and improved definitions | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090289 | 002 | - | Clarify x2Whitelist definition | 8.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090408 | 004 | - | Add the missing cellSize attribute in EUtranGenericCell IOC - align with 36.423 | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090408 | 006 | - | IOC Relations and UML updates | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090408 | 007 | - | Add missing IOCs in the Class Diagram | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090408 | 008 | - | Add the missing downlink power related attributes for EUTRAN Cell - align with 36.213 and 36.331 | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090289 | 003 | - | Add downlink power related attributes for EUTRAN Cell | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090290 | 005 | - | Add ICIC management attribute in EUtranRelation | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2009 | SP-44 | SP-090408 | 009 | - | Add the missing downlink power related attributes for EUTRAN Cell - align with 36.213 and 36.331 | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-090542 | 011 | - | Add missing attribute 'id' | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-090534 | 012 | - | Removing changes introduced by S5-092094 | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-090542 | 014 | - | Correct Information relationship definitions | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Sep 2009 | SP-45 | SP-090542 | 017 | - | Cleanup and improvements | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SP-46 | SP-090719 | 018 | - | Add attributes to EUtranCellITDD and ExternalEUtranCellITDD | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SP-46 | SP-090719 | 019 | - | Add load balancing control | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SP-46 | SP-090719 | 020 | - | Remove the repeated definition of EP_RP_EPS | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SP-46 | SP-090719 | 021 | - | Import QCISet IOC to E-UTRAN NRM IRP | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SP-46 | SP-090719 | 022 | - | Indicate primary PLMN Id in plmnIdList attribute | 9.1.0 | 9.2.0 | +| Jan 2010 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Editorial correction (highlighting in 6.3.3.2) | 9.2.0 | 9.2.1 | +| Mar 2010 | SP-47 | SP-100035 | 024 | -- | Delete the redundant Proxy Classes ProxyGsmCell and ProxyUtranCell | 9.2.1 | 9.3.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SP-47 | SP-100035 | 025 | -- | Make tCI attribute of EUtranRelation IOC optional | 9.2.1 | 9.3.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SP-47 | SP-100036 | 027 | -- | Add the missing IOC ExternalSGWFunction that Proxy_FarEndNE can represent | 9.2.1 | 9.3.0 | +| Apr 2010 | | | | | Correction to history table (adds CR027) | 9.3.0 | 9.3.1 | +| Jun 2010 | SP-48 | SP-100246 | 028 | -- | Remove superfluous attribute farEndNelpAddr | 9.3.1 | 10.0.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100489 | 029 | -- | Addition of eNBId and adjustment of cellIdentity | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100489 | 030 | -- | Add IOC MCEFunction and MBSFNArea | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100487 | 031 | -- | Remove cellType | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Sep 2010 | SP-49 | SP-100488 | 032 | -- | Add associations and roles for Radio Equipment view | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100833 | | | Correcting pci and pciList attributes definition - Align with 32.500 SON architecture definition | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| | | | 036 | -- | | | | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100866 | 038 | 1 | Introduction of attributes to reflect the status of Energy Savin | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100833 | 041 | 1 | Adding Relay and Donor eNodeB NRM - Align with RAN2 TS 36.300 | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100751 | 042 | 2 | Adding IOC for energy saving properties | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100833 | | | Add an attribute to IOC EUtranGenericCell to set allowed access class per cell | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| | | | 043 | -- | | | | +| Dec 2010 | SP-50 | SP-100751 | 044 | -- | Adding NRM for "candidate cells" in Energy Saving Management (ESM) | 10.1.0 | 10.2.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | | | | Add attributes to RNFunction in E-UTRAN Network Resource Model IRP Information Service | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| | | SP-110095 | 045 | 2 | | | | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110095 | 046 | 1 | Add qciDscpMapping IOC | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | | | | Add relay IOCs to be connected by the EP_RP_EPS by ENBFunction in E-UTRAN Network Resource Model IRP Information Service | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| | | SP-110095 | 047 | 1 | | | | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | | | | Add a new attribute into EUtranGenericCell object class to define a cell as not changeable by Energy Saving Management - Align with 32.551 ESM Concepts and requirements | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| | | SP-110100 | 050 | 3 | | | | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | | | | Correct Relay and Donor eNodeB model in E-UTRAN Network Resource Model IRP Information Service | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| | | SP-110095 | 053 | 2 | | | | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110100 | 054 | 1 | Correct ambiguous value usage on energySavingState | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110096 | 056 | 2 | Removing SectorEquipmentFunction from EUTRAN NRM | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | SP-110102 | 062 | 1 | Adding TCE address and TCE ID mapping information to ENBFunction | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SP-51 | | | | Add a new object class to hold information about Cell Outage Compensation (COC) and report COC activities - Align with 32.541 | 10.2.0 | 10.3.0 | +| | | SP-110097 | 063 | 2 | | | | +| May 2011 | SP-52 | | | | Add new IOC EUtranCellNMCentralizedSON named by EUtranGenericCell and add attributes to EUtranRelation IOC | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| | | SP-110365 | 049 | 4 | | | | +| May 2011 | SP-52 | | | | Correct the description of tcelDMappingInfoList (change RNC to eNodeB) | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| | | SP-110285 | 065 | - | | | | +| May 2011 | SP-52 | SP-110284 | 066 | - | Introduction of cellIndividualOffset in EUtranRelation | 10.3.0 | 10.4.0 | +| Sep 2011 | SP-53 | SP-110526 | 067 | - | Correction on the support condition of attribute cellIndividualOffset | 10.4.0 | 10.5.0 | +| Dec 2011 | SP-54 | SP-110719 | 069 | 2 | Add management of IRAT ANR from UTRAN to E-UTRAN | 10.5.0 | 11.0.0 | +| Mar 2012 | SP-55 | SP-120057 | 076 | 1 | Add ANR switch management solution | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| JUN-2012 | SP-56 | SP-120358 | 077 | -- | Remove superfluous containment in UML | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | +| Sep-2012 | SP-57 | SP-120573 | 081 | -- | Add support for Inter-RAT Energy Saving Management | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | + +| | | | | | | | | +|----------|-------|-----------|-----|---|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Dic-2012 | SP-58 | SP-120800 | 084 | 1 | Add support for Inter-RAT ESM | 11.3.0 | 11.4.0 | +| | | SP-120783 | 085 | - | Correct the value range for partOfSectorPower | | | +| | | SP-120791 | 087 | 1 | Add new attribute to support SON coordination | | | +| | | SP-120796 | 092 | 1 | Addition of Network Sharing for MDT | | | +| Mar-2013 | SP-59 | SP-130047 | 094 | 1 | Correction of attribute name relatedSector | 11.4.0 | 11.5.0 | +| | | SP-130056 | 095 | 2 | Add CCOInformation IOC to support SON coordination (Stage 2) | | | +| Dec 2013 | SP-62 | SP-130612 | 100 | 1 | add new member in blacklist | 11.5.0 | 11.6.0 | +| Mar-2014 | SP-63 | | | | Addition of not implemented parts of 32.762CR#100 (SP-130612,S5-131772) Add new member in blacklist | 11.6.0 | 11.7.0 | +| | | SP-140031 | 102 | 2 | | | | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32771/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32771/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..74dfde1905edc2034708fd749601cd2eb4080604 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32771/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +- Foreword ..... 4 +- Introduction ..... 4 +- 1 Scope..... 5 +- 2 References..... 5 +- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations..... 5 + - 3.1 Definitions ..... 5 + - 3.2 Abbreviations ..... 5 +- 4 Concepts and background ..... 7 +- 5 Requirements ..... 7 +- Annex A (informative): Change history..... 8 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects, Telecommunication Management; as identified below: + +- 32.771: **Telecommunication management; Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements** +- 32.772: Telecommunication management; Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS) +- 32.773: Telecommunication management; Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) Solution Set (SS) +- 32.775: Telecommunication management; Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Bulk CM eXtensible Markup Language (XML) file format definition + +# --- 1 Scope + +The document describes the requirements for Home NodeB Subsystem (HNS), which includes Home NodeB (HNB) and Home NodeB gateway (HNB GW). The HNS NRM IRP requirements are targeted on both HNB and HNB GW NRM. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 25.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". +- [6] 3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 2". +- [7] 3GPP TS 25.467: "UTRAN architecture for 3G Home NodeB; Stage 2". + +# --- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +**Integration Reference Point (IRP):** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [5]. + +**Information Service (IS):** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [5]. + +**Solution Set (SS):** See 3GPP TS 32.150 [5]. + +**IRP Solution Set:** See 3GPP TS 32.101 [1]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-----|-----------------------------| +| CN | Core Network | +| GW | Gateway | +| HNB | Home Node B | +| HNS | Home Node B Subsystem | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | + +| | | +|------|--------------------------------------| +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| SCTP | Stream Control Transmission Protocol | + +# --- 4 Concepts and background + +HNB Subsystem is defined in TS 23.060 [6]. According to the definition, a HNB subsystem consists of a HNB and a HNB GW. The HNB Subsystem appears as an RNS to the core network and is connected by means of the Iu-CS interface to the MSC and by means of the Iu-PS interface to the SGSN. + +Detailed functions of HNB and HNB GW are described in TS 25.467 [7]. To be more specific, HNB is a Customer Premise Equipment that offers the Uu Interface to the UE. It provides RAN connectivity and supports RNC like functions as well as UE registration over Iuh. HNB Gateway (HNB-GW) terminates Iuh from HNB and appears as an RNC to the existing Core network using existing Iu interface. It supports HNB registration and UE registration over Iuh. + +Based on the above characteristics, this specification defines respective HNS NRM IRP requirements. + +# --- 5 Requirements + +The following general and high-level requirements apply for the present IRP: + +- A. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.101 [2]. +- B. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.102 [3]. +- C. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.600 [4]. + +In addition to the above, the following more specific requirements apply: + +**REQ-HNS\_GW-CON-001** The Network Resource Model defined by this IRP shall contain HNB GW specific IOCs and related definitions. + +**REQ-HNS\_GW-CON-002** The Network Resource Model defined by this IRP shall provide support for enabling consistency between HNB GW, HNB and related core network nodes. + +**REQ-HNS\_GW-CON-003** The NRM specified by this IRP shall be able to view configuration information of the HNB GW entity. More detailed information is as follows: + +- Shall allow for the viewing of basic configuration information including version, equipment type, equipment provider and unique identification, etc. +- Shall allow for the viewing of network configuration information including IP address, sub-network mask, default gateway and port configuration information, etc. +- Shall allow for the viewing of service related configuration information, for example the maximum number of HNB to be registered, the maximum number of packets to be forwarded, etc. + +**REQ-HNS\_GW-CON-004** The NRM specified by this IRP shall capture Iuh interface information of HNB GW. More detailed information is as follows: + +- Shall allow for the viewing of basic configuration information including Iuh identification etc. +- Shall allow for the viewing of network configuration information including SCTP management information, etc. + +**REQ-HNS\_GW-CON-005** The NRM specified by this IRP shall capture the identity of registered HNB + +# --- Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Sep 2009 | SA#45 | SP-090548 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information | -- | 1.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | SA#46 | SP-090739 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Approval | 1.0.0 | 2.0.0 | +| Dec 2009 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 2.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Mar 2010 | SA#47 | SP-100038 | 001 | -- | Addition of concepts and background statements in TS 32.771 | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.1.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32776/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32776/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..00fc92c4bf48264e6a778ac6d2e36508bb53102c --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32776/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,606 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Solution Set Definitions ..... | 7 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 8 | +| A.1 Architectural features..... | 8 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 8 | +| A.1.2 Rules for NRM extensions ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2.1 Allowed extensions ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2.2 Extensions not allowed..... | 8 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 9 | +| A.2.1 General mappings..... | 9 | +| A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.1 IOC HNBGWFunction..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.2 IOC HNBProfile ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.3 IOC HMSFunction ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.4 IOC IuhSignLinkTp..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.5 IOC EP_Iuh ..... | 10 | +| A.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 11 | +| A.3.1 IDL definition structure..... | 11 | +| A.3.2 IDL specification "HnsNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl" ..... | 12 | +| Annex B (normative): XML Definitions..... | 14 | +| B.1 Architectural features..... | 14 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 14 | +| B.2 Mapping ..... | 14 | +| B.2.1 General mapping ..... | 14 | +| B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 14 | +| B.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 15 | +| B.3.1 XML definition structure ..... | 15 | +| B.3.2 Graphical Representation ..... | 15 | +| B.3.3 XML schema "hnsNrm.xsd" ..... | 16 | +| Annex C (informative): Change history..... | 19 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); as identified below: + +- 32.771: Telecommunication management; Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements +- 32.772: Telecommunication management; Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS) +- 32.776: Telecommunication management; Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions** + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimisation programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of an Integration Reference Point (IRP) named HNS Network Resource Model (NRM) IRP, through which an IRPAgent can communicate configuration management information to one or several IRPManagers concerning HNS resources. The HNS NRM IRP comprises a set of specifications defining Requirements, a protocol neutral Information Service and one or more Solution Set(s). + +The present document specifies the Solution Sets for the HNS NRM IRP. + +This specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.772 V11.0.X. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.772: "Telecommunication management; Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.616: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.606: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [8] W3C REC-xml-20001006: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)". +- [9] W3C REC-xmlschema-0-20010502: "XML Schema Part 0: Primer". +- [10] W3C REC-xmlschema-1-20010502: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures". +- [11] W3C REC-xmlschema-2-20010502: "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes". +- [12] W3C REC-xml-names-19990114: "Namespaces in XML". +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects" + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +For terms and definitions please refer to 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 32.102 [3], 32.600 [4] and 32.772 [5]. + +**XML file:** file containing an XML document + +**XML document:** composed of the succession of an optional XML declaration followed by a root XML element + +NOTE: See [8]; in the scope of the present document. + +**XML declaration:** it specifies the version of XML being used + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML element:** has a type, is identified by a name, may have a set of XML attribute specifications and is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag followed by the XML content of the XML element followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag; each XML element may contain other XML elements + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**empty XML element:** having an empty XML content; an empty XML element still possibly has a set of XML attribute specifications; an empty XML element is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag directly followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML content (of an XML element):** empty if the XML element is simply composed of an XML empty-element tag; otherwise the part, possibly empty, of the XML element between its XML start-tag and its XML end-tag + +**XML start-tag:** the beginning of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML start-tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML end-tag:** the end of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML end-tag containing the name of the XML element + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML empty-element tag:** composed simply of an empty-element tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML attribute specification:** has a name and a value + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**DTD:** defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to be valid with regard to this DTD + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML schema:** more powerful than a DTD, an XML schema defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to conform with this XML schema; through the use of XML namespaces several XML schemas can be used together by a single XML document; an XML schema is itself also an XML document that shall conform with the XML schema for XML schemas + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +**XML namespace:** enables qualifying element and attribute names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by different XML schemas + +NOTE: See [12], in the scope of the present document. + +**XML complex type:** defined in an XML schema; cannot be directly used in an XML document; can be the concrete type or the derivation base type for an XML element type or for another XML complex type; ultimately defines constraints for an XML element on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +**XML element type:** declared by an XML schema; can be directly used in an XML document; as the concrete type of an XML element, directly or indirectly defines constraints on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content; can also be the concrete type or the derivation base type for another XML element type + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|--------|-------------------------------------------| +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DN | Distinguished Name | +| DTD | Document Type Definition | +| HNB | Home Node B | +| HNS | Home Node B Subsystem | +| HNB-GW | Home Node B Gateway | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| SS | Solution Set | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# --- 4 Solution Set Definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP HNS NRM IRP Solution Set Definitions: + +- 3GPP HNS NRM IRP CORBA SS (Annex A) +- 3GPP HNS NRM IRP XML Definitions (Annex B) + +# --- Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in HNS NRM IRP: Information Service (TS 32.772 [5]). + +--- + +## A.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of HNS Network Resources IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.772 [5]. + +This clause specifies features that are specific to the CORBA SS. + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [13]. + +### A.1.2 Rules for NRM extensions + +This clause discusses how the models and IDL definitions provided in the present document can be extended for a particular implementation and still remain compliant with 3GPP SA5's specifications. + +#### A.1.2.1 Allowed extensions + +Vendor-specific MOCs may be supported. The vendor-specific MOCs may support new types of attributes. The 3GPP SA5-specified notifications may be issued referring to the vendor-specific MOCs and vendor-specific attributes. New MOCs shall be distinguishable from 3GPP SA5 MOCs by name. 3GPP SA5-specified and vendor-specific attributes may be used in vendor-specific MOCs. Vendor-specific attribute names shall be distinguishable from existing attribute names. + +NRM MOCs may be subclassed. Subclassed MOCs shall maintain the specified behaviour of the 3GPP SA5's superior classes. They may add vendor-specific behaviour with vendor-specific attributes. When subclassing, naming attributes cannot be changed. The subclassed MOC shall support all attributes of its superior class. Vendor-specific attributes cannot be added to 3GPP SA5 NRM MOCs without subclassing. + +When subclassing, the 3GPP SA5-specified containment rules and their specified cardinality shall still be followed. As an example, ManagementNode (or its subclasses) shall be contained under SubNetwork (or its subclasses). + +Managed Object Instances may be instantiated as CORBA objects. This requires that the MOCs be represented in IDL. 3GPP SA5's NRM MOCs are not currently specified in IDL, but may be specified in IDL for instantiation or subclassing purposes. However, management information models should not require that IRPManagers access the instantiated managed objects other than through supported methods in the present document. + +Extension rules related to notifications (Notification categories, Event Types, Extended Event Types etc.) are for further study. + +#### A.1.2.2 Extensions not allowed + +The IDL specifications in the present document cannot be edited or altered. Any additional IDL specifications shall be specified in separate IDL files. + +IDL interfaces (note: not MOCs) specified in the present document may not be subclassed or extended. New interfaces may be defined with vendor-specific methods. + +## A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 General mappings + +Attributes modelling associations as defined in the NRM (here also called "reference attributes") are in this SS mapped to attributes. + +The names of the reference attributes in the NRM are mapped to the corresponding attribute names in the MOC. + +When the cardinality for an association is 0..1 or 1..1 the datatype for the reference attribute is defined as an MOReference. The value of an MO reference contains the distinguished name of the associated MO. + +When the cardinality for an association allows more than one referred MO, the reference attribute will be of type MOReferenceSet, which contains a sequence of MO references. + +### A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +This SS supports reference attributes for relations other than containment relations between objects. Reference attributes are therefore introduced in each MOC where needed. + +#### A.2.2.1 IOC HNBGWFunction + +| NRM Attributes of IOC HNBGWFunction in TS 32.772 [5] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|---------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | hngbgwFunctionId | string | M | M | - | +| hngbgwId | hngbgwId | string | M | M | - | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | M | M | M | +| ipConfigInfo | ipConfigInfo | string | M | M | - | +| maxNbrHNBRegistered | maxNbrHNBRegistered | Integer | M | M | - | +| maxPacketCapability | maxPacketCapability | integer | M | M | - | + +#### A.2.2.2 IOC HNBProfile + +| NRM Attributes of IOC HNBProfile in TS 32.772 [5] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|---------------------------------------------------|---------------|---------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | hnbProfileId | string | M | M | - | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | M | M | M | +| configuration | configuration | string | M | M | - | +| criterion | criterion | string | O | M | - | + +#### A.2.2.3 IOC HMSFunction + +| NRM Attributes of IOC HMSFunction in TS 32.772 [5] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|----------------------------------------------------|---------------|---------|-------------------|------|-------| +| userLabel | userLabel | string | M | M | M | + +#### A.2.2.4 IOC iuhSignLinkTp + +| NRM Attributes of IOC iuhSignLinkTp in TS 32.772 [5] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|---------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | iuhsignLinkTpId | string | M | M | - | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | O | M | M | +| farEndEntity | farEndEntity | string | O | M | - | +| sctpAssocLocalAddr | sctpAssocLocalAddr | string | M | M | - | +| sctpAssocRemoteAddr | sctpAssocRemoteAddr | string | M | M | - | + +#### A.2.2.5 IOC EP\_luh + +| NRM Attributes of IOC EP_luh in TS 32.772 [5] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|-----------------------------------------------|----------------|---------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | epluhId | string | M | M | - | +| userLabel | userLabel | string | O | M | M | +| farEndEntity | farEndEntity | string | O | M | - | +| farEndNEIPAddr | farEndNEIPAddr | string | O | M | CM | + +## --- A.3 Solution Set definitions + +### A.3.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.3.2 defines the MO classes for the HNS NRM IRP. + +### A.3.2 IDL specification “HnsNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl” + +``` +//File: HnsNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl +#ifndef _HNSNETWORKRESOURCESNRMDEFS_IDL_ +#define _HNSNETWORKRESOURCESNRMDEFS_IDL_ +#include "GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl" +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" +/** + * This module defines constants for each MO class name and + * the attribute names for each defined MO class. + */ +module HnsNetworkResourcesNRMDefs +{ + + /** + * Definitions for MO class HnbgwFunction + */ + interface HNBGWFunction : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS = "HNBGWFunction"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string hnbgwFunctionId = "hnbgwFunctionId"; + const string hnbgwId = "hnbgwId"; + const string ipConfigInfo = "ipConfigInfo"; + const string maxNbrHNBRegistered = "maxNbrHNBRegistered"; + const string maxPacketCapability = "maxPacketCapability"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class IuhSignLinkTp + */ + interface IuhSignLinkTp : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::EP_RP + { + const string CLASS = "IuhSignLinkTp"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string sctpAssocLocalAddr = "sctpAssocLocalAddr"; + const string sctpAssocRemoteAddr = "sctpAssocRemoteAddr"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class EP_Iuh + */ + interface EP_Iuh : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::EP_RP + { + const string CLASS= "EP_Iuh"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string farEndNEIPAddr= "farEndNEIPAddr"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class HNBProfile + */ + interface HNBProfile : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS= "HNBProfile"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string hnbProfileId = "hnbProfileId"; + const string configuration = "configuration"; + const string criterion = "criterion"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class HMSFunction + */ + interface HMSFunction : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS= "HMSFunction"; + // Attribute Names + // + }; +} +``` + +``` + }; +}; + +#endif // _HNSETWORKRESOURCESNRMDEFS_IDL_ +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): XML Definitions + +This annex contains the XML Definitions for the HNS NRM IRP as it applies to Itf-N, in accordance with HNS NRM IRP Information Service (TS 32.772 [5]). + +## --- B.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of HNS Network Resources IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.772 [5]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the Schema definitions. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [13]. + +## --- B.2 Mapping + +### B.2.1 General mapping + +An IOC maps to an XML element of the same name as the IOC's name in the IS. An IOC attribute maps to a sub-element of the corresponding IOC's XML element, and the name of this sub-element is the same as the attribute's name in the IS. + +### B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +## --- B.3 Solution Set definitions + +### B.3.1 XML definition structure + +Annex B.3.3 of the present document defines the NRM-specific XML schema `hnsNrm.xsd` for the HNS Network Resources IRP NRM defined in 3GPP TS 32.772 [5]. + +XML schema `hnsNrm.xsd` explicitly declares NRM-specific XML element types for the related NRM. + +The definition of those NRM-specific XML element types complies with the generic mapping rules defined in 3GPP TS 32.616 [6]. + +### B.3.2 Graphical Representation + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +### B.3.3 XML schema "hnsNrm.xsd" + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + +``` + +# --- Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 05-2010 | SA-48 | SP-100282 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information and approval | -- | 1.0.0 | +| 06-2010 | SA-48 | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 1.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 12-2010 | SA-50 | SP-100833 | 002 | 1 | Correcting XML schema of Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model - Align with 32.772 IS | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 09-2012 | SA-57 | - | - | - | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 10.1.0 | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/07b17a620c75522d53916a11e12d1bff_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/07b17a620c75522d53916a11e12d1bff_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..adcd7b1ea7b9b5a9d9abd37f05e532feca911858 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/07b17a620c75522d53916a11e12d1bff_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:f716088378c1ab7ed7c4b36f481c1aa63146a7cbcccbfa8b83b92eb44e5cf1e2 +size 66368 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/0bf9346902e9a3bdabf05ceacc1947f5_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/0bf9346902e9a3bdabf05ceacc1947f5_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..56ade6432b6ce9d5aa4fa9e4812ffe2c7a4d3308 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/0bf9346902e9a3bdabf05ceacc1947f5_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:3da3236b111a940c421fdb1a1c62f38692d0a85276d17acedd3c3937edae795c +size 29086 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/7affafe7362a2d2d072e9d4bf515f0bb_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/7affafe7362a2d2d072e9d4bf515f0bb_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..929c58791f67a6c0ef5c2927c46ac2a07b8bad97 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/7affafe7362a2d2d072e9d4bf515f0bb_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:fcf7ea16510fabc77ed0784fc0d37342962eb6ed19ce78a898873c989fea1caa +size 32597 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/b3baf3a29b67c7425d2562ddbc52f0cc_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/b3baf3a29b67c7425d2562ddbc52f0cc_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d79e6888064e266c15bda2aba8aae9cbfd800c5a --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/b3baf3a29b67c7425d2562ddbc52f0cc_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:be78e0cac02bf6eda2c553397e427a0f284216d10f26e3b68cdadc12aa6cbad9 +size 62344 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e5012e2ab114ec32dfd3571205014bd6055c7126 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32782/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,400 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 System Overview ..... | 7 | +| 4.1 Compliance rules..... | 7 | +| 5 Modelling approach ..... | 7 | +| 6 Information Object Classes..... | 7 | +| 6.1 Information entities imported and local labels..... | 7 | +| 6.2 Class diagram ..... | 8 | +| 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships ..... | 8 | +| 6.2.2 Inheritance ..... | 9 | +| 6.3 Information object class definitions ..... | 10 | +| 6.3.1 HeNBGWFunction ..... | 10 | +| 6.3.1.1 Definition ..... | 10 | +| 6.3.1.2 Attributes ..... | 10 | +| 6.3.1.3 Notifications..... | 10 | +| 6.3.2 HeMSFunction ..... | 10 | +| 6.3.2.1 Definition ..... | 10 | +| 6.3.2.2 Attributes ..... | 10 | +| 6.3.2.3 Notifications..... | 10 | +| 6.3.3 HeNBProfile ..... | 10 | +| 6.3.3.1 Definition ..... | 10 | +| 6.3.3.2 Attributes ..... | 11 | +| 6.3.3.3 Notifications..... | 11 | +| 6.3.4 HeNB..... | 11 | +| 6.3.4.1 Definition ..... | 11 | +| 6.3.4.2 Attributes ..... | 11 | +| 6.3.4.3 Notifications..... | 11 | +| 6.4 Information relationship definitions..... | 12 | +| 6.5 Information attribute definitions ..... | 12 | +| 6.5.1 Definition and legal values..... | 12 | +| 6.5.2 Constraints ..... | 13 | +| 6.6 Common Notifications ..... | 13 | +| Annex A (informative): Change history..... | 14 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects, Telecommunication Management; as identified below: + +- 32.781: Telecommunication management; Home eNode B Subsystem (HeNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements +- 32.782: Telecommunication management; Home eNode B Subsystem (HeNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)** +- 32.783: Telecommunication management; Home eNode B Subsystem (HeNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP) : Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) Solution Set (SS) +- 32.785: Telecommunication management; Home eNode B Subsystem (HeNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Bulk CM eXtensible Markup Language (XML) file format definition + +Configuration Management (CM), in general, provides the operator with the ability to assure correct and effective operation of the 3G network as it evolves. CM actions have the objective to control and monitor the actual configuration on the Network Elements (NEs) and Network Resources (NRs), and they may be initiated by the operator or by functions in the Operations Systems (OSs) or NEs. + +CM actions may be requested as part of an implementation programme (e.g. additions and deletions), as part of an optimization programme (e.g. modifications), and to maintain the overall Quality of Service (QoS). The CM actions are initiated either as single actions on single NEs of the 3G network, or as part of a complex procedure involving actions on many resources/objects in one or several NEs. + +. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is an Integration Reference Point (IRP) named " Home enhanced Node B Subsystem (HeNS) Network Resources IRP", through which an 'IRPAgent' (typically an Element Manager or Network Element) can communicate Configuration Management information to one or several 'IRPManagers' (typically Network Managers) concerning HeNB-GW resources. + +The present document specifies the protocol neutral HeNS Network Resources IRP: Network Resource Model. It reuses relevant parts of the generic NRM in 3GPP TS 32.622 [5], either by direct reuse or sub-classing, and in addition to that defines HeNB-GW specific Information Object Classes. + +In order to access the information defined by this NRM, an IRP IS is needed, such as the Basic CM IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.602 [6]) or the Bulk CM IRP IS (3GPP TS 32.612 [7]). However, which IS that is applicable is outside the scope of the present document. + +The present document (NRM specification) is related to the IS in 3GPP TS 32.672 [8] + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP): Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.602: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic Configuration Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.612: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.672: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); State Management Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [9] 3GPP TS 36.300: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; stage 2" +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.593: "Home eNode B (HeNB) Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P); Procedure flows for Type 1 Interface HeNB to HeNB Management System (HeMS)" +- [11] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects" + +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.111-2: "Telecommunication management; Fault Management; Part 2: Alarm Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [13] 3GPP TS 32.752: "Telecommunication management; Evolved Packet Core (EPC) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [14] 3GPP TS 32.772: "Telecommunication management; Home Node B Subsystem (HNS) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. For terms and definitions not found here, please refer to 3GPP TR 21.905 [1], TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3] and 3GPP TS 32.600 [4]. + +**Association:** In general it is used to model relationships between Managed Objects. Associations can be implemented in several ways, such as: + +- (1) name bindings; +- (2) reference attributes; and +- (3) association objects. + +This IRP stipulates that containment associations shall be expressed through name bindings, but it does not stipulate the implementation for other types of associations as a general rule. These are specified as separate entities in the object models (UML diagrams). + +**Managed Element (ME):** an instance of the Information Object Class `ManagedElement` defined in 3GPP TS 32.622 [5]. + +**Managed Object (MO):** in the context of the present document, a Managed Object (MO) is a software object that encapsulates the manageable characteristics and behaviour of a particular Network Resource. The MO is instance of a MO class defined in a MIM/NRM. This class, called **Information Object Class (IOC)** has *attributes* that provide information used to characterize the objects that belong to the class (the term "attribute" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "property" according to CIM). Furthermore, the IOC can have *operations* that represent the behaviour relevant for that class (the term "operation" is taken from TMN and corresponds to a "method" according to CIM). The IOC may support the emission of *notifications* that provide information about an event occurrence within a network resource. + +**Management Information Model (MIM):** also referred to as NRM - see the definition below. + +**Network Resource Model (NRM):** a model representing the actual managed telecommunications network resources that a System is providing through the subject IRP + +An NRM identifies and describes IOCs, their associations, attributes and operations. The NRM is also referred to as "MIM" (see above), which originates from the ITU-T TMN. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|------|--------------------------------| +| GW | Gateway | +| HeNB | Home enhanced Node B | +| HeNS | Home enhanced Node B Subsystem | +| IOCs | Information Object Classes | + +# 4 System Overview + +## 4.1 Compliance rules + +The following defines the meaning of Mandatory and Optional IOC attributes and associations between IOCs, in Solution Sets to the IRP defined by the present document: + +- The IRPManager shall support all mandatory attributes/associations. The IRPManager shall be prepared to receive information related to mandatory as well as optional attributes/associations without failure; however the IRPManager does not have to support handling of the optional attributes/associations. +- The IRPAgent shall support all mandatory attributes/associations. It may support optional attributes/associations. + +An IRPAgent that incorporates vendor-specific extensions shall support normal communication with a 3GPP SA5-compliant IRPManager with respect to all Mandatory and Optional information object classes, attributes and associations without requiring the IRPManager to have any knowledge of the extensions. + +Given that + +- rules for vendor-specific extensions remain to be fully specified, and +- many scenarios under which IRPManager and IRPAgent interwork may exist, + +it is recognised that the IRPManager, even though it is not required to have knowledge of vendor-specific extensions, may be required to be implemented with an awareness that extensions can exist and behave accordingly. + +# 5 Modelling approach + +The modelling approach adopted and used in this IRP is described in TS 32.622 [5]. + +It should be noted that this model allows for combined Managed Element functionality, where more than one 'function IOCs' (inherited from `ManagedFunction`) modelling more specific managed element functionality may be contained in the `ManagedElement` IOC. + +# 6 Information Object Classes + +## 6.1 Information entities imported and local labels + +| Label reference | Local label | +|--------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------| +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [5], IOC, ManagedElement | ManagedElement | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [5], IOC, ManagedFunction | ManagedFunction | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [5], IOC, MeContext | MeContext | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [5], IOC, SubNetwork | SubNetwork | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [5], IOC, Top | Top | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [5], IOC, VsDataContainer | VsDataContainer | +| 3GPP TS 32.622 [5], IOC, ManagementNode | ManagementNode | +| 3GPP TS 32.752 [13], IOC, EP_RP_EPS | EP_RP_EPS | +| 3GPP TS 32.772 [14], IOC, LocalGWFunction | LocalGWFunction | + +## 6.2 Class diagram + +### 6.2.1 Attributes and relationships + +This clause depicts the set of IOCs that encapsulate information relevant for this service. This clause provides the overview of all information object classes in UML. Subsequent clauses provide more detailed specification of various aspects of these information object classes. + +The figure 1 shows the containment/naming hierarchy and the associations of the information object classes, when HeNB GW is present in HeNS. + +![UML Class diagram showing HeNS NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram_1. The diagram illustrates the hierarchy and associations between several Information Object Classes (IOCs) and Support IOCs. At the top is SubNetwork (from TS 32.622). It has a containment relationship with ManagementNode (from TS 32.622) labeled '<>' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. SubNetwork also has a containment relationship with ManagedElement (from TS 32.622) labeled '<>' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. ManagementNode has a containment relationship with HeMSFunction (from TS 32.622) labeled '<>' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. LocalGWFunction (from TS 32.772) is associated with HeMSFunction labeled '<>' with cardinality 0..n to 1. HeMSFunction has a containment relationship with HeNB (from TS 32.772) labeled '+ServedNode' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. HeMSFunction also has a containment relationship with HeNBProfile (from TS 32.772) labeled '<>' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. ManagedElement has a containment relationship with HeNBGWFunction (from TS 32.772) labeled '<>' with cardinality 1 to 1..n.](07b17a620c75522d53916a11e12d1bff_img.jpg) + +UML Class diagram showing HeNS NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram\_1. The diagram illustrates the hierarchy and associations between several Information Object Classes (IOCs) and Support IOCs. At the top is SubNetwork (from TS 32.622). It has a containment relationship with ManagementNode (from TS 32.622) labeled '<>' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. SubNetwork also has a containment relationship with ManagedElement (from TS 32.622) labeled '<>' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. ManagementNode has a containment relationship with HeMSFunction (from TS 32.622) labeled '<>' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. LocalGWFunction (from TS 32.772) is associated with HeMSFunction labeled '<>' with cardinality 0..n to 1. HeMSFunction has a containment relationship with HeNB (from TS 32.772) labeled '+ServedNode' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. HeMSFunction also has a containment relationship with HeNBProfile (from TS 32.772) labeled '<>' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. ManagedElement has a containment relationship with HeNBGWFunction (from TS 32.772) labeled '<>' with cardinality 1 to 1..n. + +NOTE 1: The listed cardinality numbers, in particular the use of cardinality number zero, do not represent transient states. The transient state is considered an inherent property of all IOC instances and therefore there is no need to represent them by individual IOC cardinality numbers. + +Figure 1: HeNS NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram\_1 + +![UML Class diagram showing HeNS NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram_2. The diagram shows HeNBGWFunction (from TS 32.772) associated with a class labeled 'EP RP EPS (from TS 32.752)' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. This class is associated with Proxy_FarEndNE (from TS 32.752) with cardinality 0..1. A note indicates that Proxy_FarEndNE is a proxy class representing MMEFunction (from TS 32.752) or SGWFunction (from TS 32.752).](7affafe7362a2d2d072e9d4bf515f0bb_img.jpg) + +UML Class diagram showing HeNS NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram\_2. The diagram shows HeNBGWFunction (from TS 32.772) associated with a class labeled 'EP RP EPS (from TS 32.752)' with cardinality 1 to 0..n. This class is associated with Proxy\_FarEndNE (from TS 32.752) with cardinality 0..1. A note indicates that Proxy\_FarEndNE is a proxy class representing MMEFunction (from TS 32.752) or SGWFunction (from TS 32.752). + +Figure 2: HeNS NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram\_2 + +![UML Class Diagram showing VsDataContainer containment and naming relationships for HeNBGWFunction, HeNBProfile, and HeMSFunction.](b3baf3a29b67c7425d2562ddbc52f0cc_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class HeNBGWFunction["<> HeNBGWFunction"] + class VsDataContainer["<> VsDataContainer (from TS 32.622)"] + class HeNBProfile["<> HeNBProfile"] + class HeMSFunction["<> HeMSFunction"] + + HeNBGWFunction "1" *-- "0..n" VsDataContainer : <> + HeNBProfile "1" *-- "0..n" VsDataContainer : <> + HeMSFunction "1" *-- "0..n" VsDataContainer : <> + VsDataContainer "1" *-- "0..n" HeNBGWFunction + VsDataContainer "1" *-- "0..n" HeNBProfile + VsDataContainer "1" *-- "0..n" HeMSFunction + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing VsDataContainer containment and naming relationships for HeNBGWFunction, HeNBProfile, and HeMSFunction. + +NOTE 1: The listed cardinality numbers, in particular the use of cardinality number zero, do not represent transient states. The transient state is considered an inherent property of all IOC instances and therefore there is no need to represent them by individual IOC cardinality numbers. + +NOTE 2: Each instance of the VsDataContainer shall only be contained under one IOC. The VsDataContainer can be contained under IOCs defined in other NRMs. + +**Figure 3: VsDataContainer Containment/Naming and Association** + +The VsDataContainer is only used for the Bulk CM IRP. + +Each IOC is identified with a Distinguished Name (DN) according to 3GPP TS 32.300 [11] that expresses its containment + +### 6.2.2 Inheritance + +This clause depicts the inheritance relationships that exist between IOCs. + +![UML Class Diagram showing the inheritance hierarchy for ManagedFunction.](0bf9346902e9a3bdabf05ceacc1947f5_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedFunction["<> ManagedFunction (from TS 32.622)"] + class HeNBGWFunction["<> HeNBGWFunction"] + class HeMSFunction["<> HeMSFunction"] + class HeNBProfile["<> HeNBProfile"] + + HeNBGWFunction --|> ManagedFunction + HeMSFunction --|> ManagedFunction + HeNBProfile --|> ManagedFunction + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing the inheritance hierarchy for ManagedFunction. + +**Figure 4: HeNS NRM Inheritance Hierarchy** + +## 6.3 Information object class definitions + +### 6.3.1 HeNBGWFunction + +#### 6.3.1.1 Definition + +This IOC represents HeNB GW functionality. A HeNB GW is optional in a HeNB subsystem. This IOC is only effective when HeNB GW is included in HeNS. For more information about the HeNB GW, see 3GPP TS 36.300[9] + +#### 6.3.1.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of HeNBGWFunction** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| Id | M | M | - | +| henbGwId | M | M | - | +| iPConfigInfo | M | M | - | +| maxNbrHeNBRegistered | M | M | - | +| maxPacketCapability | M | M | - | + +#### 6.3.1.3 Notifications + +See clause 6.6 Alarm and configuration notifications. + +### 6.3.2 HeMSFunction + +#### 6.3.2.1 Definition + +This IOC represents HeMS functionality. For more information about HeMS, see 3GPP TS 32.593[10]. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Attributes + +There are no attributes (other than those inherited). + +#### 6.3.2.3 Notifications + +There are no Notifications (other than those inherited). + +### 6.3.3 HeNBProfile + +#### 6.3.3.1 Definition + +The HeNBProfile is a representation of information that a) identifies a specific set of HeNB devices and b) the related configuration parameters (and their values) that are required to be configured in those identified HeNB devices during HeNB registration procedure [10]. + +It contains userLabel, an attribute inherited from ManagedFunction. This is a user friendly label assigned by operator. Examples can be “VIP configuration”, “Gold Tier configuration”, “device vendor XYZ software version 3.4”, “camel”, etc + +#### 6.3.3.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of HeNBProfile** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| Id | M | M | -- | +| Configuration | M | M | -- | +| Criterion | O | M | -- | + +#### 6.3.3.3 Notifications + +There are no Notifications (other than those inherited). + +### 6.3.4 HeNB + +#### 6.3.4.1 Definition + +This SupportIOC represents HeNB functionality. For more information about the HeNB, see 3GPP TS 36.300 [9]. + +The Home eNodeB, represented by the <> HeNB, has registered itself with one node represented by HeMSFunction. + +#### 6.3.4.2 Attributes + +**Attributes of HeNB** + +| Attribute name | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| Id | M | -- | - | + +#### 6.3.4.3 Notifications + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|---------------------------|---------------------------------------|-------| +| notifyAckStateChange
d | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [12]) | | +| notifyChangedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [12]) | | +| notifyClearedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [12]) | | +| notifyNewAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [12]) | | + +## 6.4 Information relationship definitions + +## 6.5 Information attribute definitions + +### 6.5.1 Definition and legal values + +Table 6.5.1.1 defines the attributes that are present in several Information Object Classes (IOCs) of the present document. + +**Table 6.5.1.1: Attributes definitions and legal values** + +| Attribute Name | Definition | Legal Values | +|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| id | An attribute whose 'name+value' can be used as an RDN when naming an instance of the IOC. This RDN uniquely identifies the object instance within the scope of its containing (parent) object instance. | | +| henbGwId | Unique HeNB GW ID. Ref. 3GPP TS 36.300 [9] specifies that HeNB GW acts as a concentrated node to the existing EPC network using existing S1 interface. | | +| ipConfigInfo | The IP address, subnetwork mask, default gateway for HeNB GW. | | +| maxNbrHeNBRegistered | Maximum number of registered HeNB means maximum number of HeNB allowed to be registered. | | +| maxPacketCapacity | The HeNB GW's ability of forwarding packets, such as maximum number of forwarded packets per second. | | +| farEndNeIpAddr | The IP address(s) of the far end network entity to which the reference point is related. This is an IPv4 or an IPv6 address. | | +| configuration |

It is a location of a data set. The data set is a set of HeNB attributes (with values) needed to be loaded into the HeNB.

The data set does not contain all configuration data needed for a device to operate. Some configuration parameters are autonomously and dynamically calculated by the serving HeMS.

| | +| criterion |

It is a criterion that determines if a HeNB should or should not be loaded with a particular configuration.

The syntax and semantics of criterion is vendor-specific.

Example 1:

The syntax and semantics can be "If the HeNB ID range is between ABC and DEF then APPLY the related configuration".

Example 2:

The syntax is a list of strings where each string is a "attribute == value" pair. An attribute represents a TR-196 parameter. Its value is the corresponding attribute value.

The semantics is "if all pairs found in criterion are also found in the home devices, then the determination is positive in that the home device should be loaded with information of the data set identified by configuration; else not".

| | + +### 6.5.2 Constraints + +None. + +## 6.6 Common Notifications + +| Name | Qualifier | Notes | +|----------------------------|---------------------------------------|-------| +| notifyAckStateChanged | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [12]) | | +| notifyAttributeValueChange | O | | +| notifyChangedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [12]) | | +| notifyClearedAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [12]) | | +| notifyNewAlarm | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [12]) | | +| notifyObjectCreation | O | | +| notifyObjectDeletion | O | | +| notifyComments | See Alarm IRP (3GPP TS 32.111-2 [12]) | | + +# --- Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Mar 2010 | SA#47 | SP-100063 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information and approval | -- | 1.0.0 | +| Mar 2010 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication of SA approved version | 1.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| Jun 2010 | SA#48 | SP-100264 | 001 | -- | Remove the superfluous relationship of EP_RP_EPS | 9.1.0 | 10.0.0 | +| Mar 2011 | SA#51 | SP-110099 | 002 | 2 | Add localGWFunction IOC | 10.0.0 | 10.1.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.1.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32791/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32791/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1d03eb0d6296e67959f1e719434416bc929ed6a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32791/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +- Introduction ..... 4 +- 1 Scope..... 5 +- 2 References..... 5 +- 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... 5 + - 3.1 Definitions..... 5 + - 3.2 Abbreviations ..... 5 +- 4 Concepts and background ..... 6 +- 5 Requirements ..... 6 +- Annex A (informative): Change history..... 7 + +# Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.791 Common Radio Access Technology (RAT) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements** +- 32.792 Common Radio Access Technology (RAT) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS) +- 32.796 Common Radio Access Technology (RAT) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines, in addition to the requirements defined in 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3] and 3GPP TS 32.600 [4], the Requirements for the Common RAT NRM IRP for equipment that may be shared between BSS in GSM, UTRAN and E-UTRAN. + +The present document can be used also for managing the equipment that can be shared by several RATs, even in the cases when it is not being shared. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.101: "Telecommunication management; Principles and high level requirements". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.102: "Telecommunication management; Architecture". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.150: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) Concept and definitions". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 32.150 [5], 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3] and 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in 3GPP TS 32.150 [5], 3GPP TS 32.101 [2], 3GPP TS 32.102 [3] and 3GPP TR 21.905 [1], in this order. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|---------|--------------------------------------------| +| BSS | Base Station Subsystem | +| CAPEX | Capital Expenditure | +| E-UTRAN | Evolved UTRAN | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communications | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| RAN | Radio Access Network | +| RAT | Radio Access Technology | +| UTRAN | Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | + +# --- 4 Concepts and background + +It becomes more and more common that operators operate more than one RAT. To save CAPEX, some radio equipment can be shared between the different RATs. Radio equipment can also be shared within a RAT. This NRM makes it easy to operate such shared radio equipment and to understand the consequences in all affected RATs when a change is made in a shared equipment. + +# --- 5 Requirements + +The following general and high-level requirement applies for the present IRP: + +- A. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.101 [2]. +- B. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.102 [3]. +- C. IRP-related requirements in 3GPP TS 32.600 [4]. + +In addition to the above, the following more specific requirements apply: + +**REQ-GRAN\_NRM-CON-001:** The NRM defined by this IRP shall contain IOCs and related definitions, supporting equipment that may be shared between BSS, UTRAN and E-UTRAN networks. + +**REQ-GRAN\_NRM-CON-002:** The IRP Agent shall support a capability allowing the IRP Manager to know which RATs are served by each managed object. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|-----|------------------------------------|--------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2010-12 | SP-50 | SP-100769 | | | Submitted to SA#50 for Information | 0.1.1 | 1.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110178 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Approval | 1.0.0 | 2.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 2.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32796/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32796/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..014843cceb78dbec91c489d7d813f1811544d9dc --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32796/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,772 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Solution Set Definitions ..... | 7 | +| Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set..... | 8 | +| A.1 Architectural features..... | 8 | +| A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 8 | +| A.1.2 Rules for NRM extensions ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2.1 Allowed extensions ..... | 8 | +| A.1.2.2 Extensions not allowed..... | 8 | +| A.2 Mapping ..... | 9 | +| A.2.1 General mapping ..... | 9 | +| A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping..... | 9 | +| A.2.2.1 IOC SectorEquipmentFunction ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.2 IOC AntennaFunction ..... | 10 | +| A.2.2.3 IOC TmaFunction..... | 11 | +| A.2.2.4 IOC CommonBSFunction ..... | 11 | +| A.2.2.5 IOC GSMCellPart ..... | 12 | +| A.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 13 | +| A.3.1 IDL definition structure..... | 13 | +| A.3.2 IDL specification "GenericRanNRMDefs.idl" ..... | 13 | +| Annex B (normative): XML Definitions..... | 15 | +| B.1 Architectural features..... | 15 | +| B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names..... | 15 | +| B.2 Mapping ..... | 15 | +| B.2.1 General mapping ..... | 15 | +| B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping ..... | 15 | +| B.3 Solution Set definitions ..... | 16 | +| B.3.1 XML definition structure ..... | 16 | +| B.3.2 Graphical Representation ..... | 16 | +| B.3.3 XML schema "genericRanNrm.xsd"..... | 17 | +| Annex C (informative): Change history..... | 21 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document is part of a TS-family covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below: + +- 32.791 Generic Radio Access Network (RAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Requirements +- 32.792 Generic Radio Access Network (RAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS) +- 32.796 Generic Radio Access Network (RAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Solution Set (SS) definitions** + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of an Integration Reference Point (IRP) named Generic Radio Access Network (RAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) IRP, through which an IRPAgent can communicate configuration management information to one or several IRPManagers concerning Generic RAN resources. The Generic RAN NRM IRP comprises a set of specifications defining Requirements, a protocol neutral Information Service and one or more Solution Set(s). + +The present document specifies the Solution Sets for the Generic RAN NRM IRP. + +This Solution Set specification is related to 3GPP TS 32.792 V11.0.X [4]. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.153: "Telecommunication management; Integration Reference Point (IRP) technology specific templates, rules and guidelines". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.600: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Concept and high-level requirements". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.792: " Telecommunications management; Generic Radio Access Network (RAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.606: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Basic CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.616: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Bulk CM Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions". +- [8] W3C REC-xml-20001006: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)". +- [9] W3C REC-xmlschema-0-20010502: "XML Schema Part 0: Primer". +- [10] W3C REC-xmlschema-1-20010502: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures". +- [11] W3C REC-xmlschema-2-20010502: "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes". +- [12] W3C REC-xml-names-19990114: "Namespaces in XML". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1], TS 32.600 [3] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +**XML file:** file containing an XML document + +**XML document:** composed of the succession of an optional XML declaration followed by a root XML element + +NOTE: See [8]; in the scope of the present document. + +**XML declaration:** it specifies the version of XML being used + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML element:** has a type, is identified by a name, may have a set of XML attribute specifications and is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag followed by the XML content of the XML element followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag; each XML element may contain other XML elements + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**empty XML element:** having an empty XML content; an empty XML element still possibly has a set of XML attribute specifications; an empty XML element is either composed of the succession of an XML start-tag directly followed by an XML end-tag, or composed simply of an XML empty-element tag + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML content (of an XML element):** empty if the XML element is simply composed of an XML empty-element tag; otherwise the part, possibly empty, of the XML element between its XML start-tag and its XML end-tag + +**XML start-tag:** the beginning of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML start-tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML end-tag:** the end of a non-empty XML element is marked by an XML end-tag containing the name of the XML element + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML empty-element tag:** composed simply of an empty-element tag containing the name and the set of XML attribute specifications of the XML element. + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML attribute specification:** has a name and a value + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**DTD:** defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to be valid with regard to this DTD + +NOTE: See [8]. + +**XML schema:** more powerful than a DTD, an XML schema defines structure and content constraints to be respected by an XML document to conform with this XML schema; through the use of XML namespaces several XML schemas can be used together by a single XML document; an XML schema is itself also an XML document that shall conform with the XML schema for XML schemas + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +**XML namespace:** enables qualifying element and attribute names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by different XML schemas + +NOTE: See [12], in the scope of the present document. + +**XML complex type:** defined in an XML schema; cannot be directly used in an XML document; can be the concrete type or the derivation base type for an XML element type or for another XML complex type; ultimately defines constraints for an XML element on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +**XML element type:** declared by an XML schema; can be directly used in an XML document; as the concrete type of an XML element, directly or indirectly defines constraints on its XML attribute specifications and/or its XML content; can also be the concrete type or the derivation base type for another XML element type + +NOTE: See [9], [10] and [11]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1], TS 32.600 [3], and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| BS | Base Station | +| CM | Configuration Management | +| CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| DTD | Document Type Definition | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communication | +| IDL | Interface Definition Language (OMG) | +| IOC | Information Object Class | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| MO | Managed Object | +| MOC | Managed Object Class | +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| OMG | Object Management Group | +| RAN | Radio Access Network | +| SS | Solution Set | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# --- 4 Solution Set Definitions + +This specification defines the following 3GPP Generic RAN NRM IRP Solution Set Definitions: + +- 3GPP Generic RAN NRM IRP CORBA SS (Annex A) +- 3GPP Generic RAN NRM IRP XML Definitions (Annex B) + +# --- Annex A (normative): CORBA Solution Set + +This annex contains the CORBA Solution Set for the IRP whose semantics is specified in Generic RAN NRM IRP: Information Service (TS 32.792 [4]). + +--- + +## A.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of Generic RAN Network Resources IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.792 [4]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the CORBA SS. + +### A.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. + +### A.1.2 Rules for NRM extensions + +This clause discusses how the models and IDL definitions provided in the present document can be extended for a particular implementation and still remain compliant with 3GPP SA5's specifications (see also Annex B of TS 32.153 [2].). + +#### A.1.2.1 Allowed extensions + +Vendor-specific MOCs may be supported. The vendor-specific MOCs may support new types of attributes. The 3GPP SA5-specified notifications may be issued referring to the vendor-specific MOCs and vendor-specific attributes. New MOCs shall be distinguishable from 3GPP SA5 MOCs by name. 3GPP SA5-specified and vendor-specific attributes may be used in vendor-specific MOCs. Vendor-specific attribute names shall be distinguishable from existing attribute names. + +NRM MOCs may be subclassed. Subclassed MOCs shall maintain the specified behaviour of the 3GPP SA5's superior classes. They may add vendor-specific behaviour with vendor-specific attributes. When subclassing, naming attributes cannot be changed. The subclassed MOC shall support all attributes of its superior class. Vendor-specific attributes cannot be added to 3GPP SA5 NRM MOCs without subclassing. + +When subclassing, the 3GPP SA5-specified containment rules and their specified cardinality shall still be followed. As an example, ManagementNode (or its subclasses) shall be contained under SubNetwork (or its subclasses). + +Managed Object Instances may be instantiated as CORBA objects. This requires that the MOCs be represented in IDL. 3GPP SA5's NRM MOCs are not currently specified in IDL, but may be specified in IDL for instantiation or subclassing purposes. However, management information models should not require that IRPManagers access the instantiated managed objects other than through supported methods in the present document. + +Extension rules related to notifications (Notification categories, Event Types, Extended Event Types etc.) are for further study. + +#### A.1.2.2 Extensions not allowed + +The IDL specifications in the present document cannot be edited or altered. Any additional IDL specifications shall be specified in separate IDL files. + +IDL interfaces (note: not MOCs) specified in the present document may not be subclassed or extended. New interfaces may be defined with vendor-specific methods. + +## --- A.2 Mapping + +### A.2.1 General mapping + +Attributes modelling associations as defined in the NRM (here also called "reference attributes") are in this SS mapped to attributes. The names of the reference attributes in the NRM are mapped to the corresponding attribute names in the MOC. When the cardinality for an association is 0..1 or 1..1 the datatype for the reference attribute is defined as an MOReference. The value of an MO reference contains the distinguished name of the associated MO. When the cardinality for an association allows more than one referred MO, the reference attribute will be of type MOReferenceSet, which contains a sequence of MO references. + +### A.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +This Solution Set supports reference attributes for relations other than containment relations between objects. Reference attributes are therefore introduced in each MOC where needed. + +#### A.2.2.1 IOC SectorEquipmentFunction + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC SectorEquipmentFunction attributes and associations to SS equivalent MOC SectorEquipmentFunction attributes + +| Attribute of IOC SectorEquipmentFunction in 3GPP TS 32.792 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| fqBand | fqBand | short | CM | M | - | +| eUTRANFqBands | eUTRANFqBands | GenericRanNRMAAttributeTypes::eUTRANFqBandsListType | M | M | - | +| uTRANFDDFqBands | uTRANFDDFqBands | GenericRanNRMAAttributeTypes::uTRANFDDFqBandsListType | M | M | - | +| uTRANTDDFqBands | uTRANTDDFqBands | GenericRanNRMAAttributeTypes::uTRANTDDFqBandsListType | M | M | - | +| confOutputPower | confOutputPower | short | M | M | M | +| relatedTmaList | relatedTmaList | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReferenceSet | M | M | - | +| relatedAntennaList | relatedAntennaList | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReferenceSet | M | M | - | +| relatedCellList | relatedCellList | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReferenceSet | M | M | - | + +#### A.2.2.2 IOC AntennaFunction + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC AntennaFunction attributes and associations to SS equivalent MOC AntennaFunction attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC antennaFunction in TS 32.692 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|--------------------------------------------------------|-----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | id | string | O | M | - | +| retTiltValue | retTiltValue | short | O | M | M | +| bearing | bearing | short | O | M | M | +| retGroupName | retGroupName | string | O | M | M | +| height | height | short | O | M | M | +| maxAzimuthValue | maxAzimuthValue | short | O | M | M | +| minAzimuthValue | minAzimuthValue | short | O | M | M | +| horizBeamwidth | horizBeamwidth | short | O | M | M | +| vertBeamwidth | vertBeamwidth | short | O | M | M | +| relatedCellList | relatedCellList | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReferenceSet | M | M | - | + +NOTE: For all support qualifiers with the value "O", see attribute constraints in TS 32.692 [4]. + +#### A.2.2.3 IOC TmaFunction + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC TmaFunction attributes and associations to SS equivalent MOC TmaFunction attributes + +| NRM Attributes of IOC tmaFunction in TS 32.692 [4] | SS Attributes | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read | Write | +|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|------|-------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| tmaSubunitNumber | tmaSubunitNumber | unsigned short | M | M | M | +| tmaStateFlag | tmaStateFlag | unsigned short | M | M | O | +| tmaFunctionFlag | tmaFunctionFlag | unsigned short | M | M | M | +| tmaMinGain | tmaMinGain | unsigned short | M | M | - | +| tmaMaxGain | tmaMaxGain | unsigned short | M | M | - | +| tmaResolution | tmaResolution | unsigned short | M | M | - | +| tmaGainFigure | tmaGainFigure | unsigned short | M | M | O | +| tmaNumberOfSubunits | tmaNumberOfSubunits | unsigned short | M | M | - | +| tmaBaseStationId | tmaBaseStationId | string | CO | M | CO | +| tmaSectorId | tmaSectorId | string | CO | M | CO | +| tmaAntennaBearing | tmaAntennaBearing | unsigned short | CO | M | CO | +| tmaInstalledMechanicalTilt | tmaInstalledMechanicalTilt | short | CO | M | CO | +| tmaSubunitType | tmaSubunitType | unsigned short | CO | M | CO | +| tmaSubunitRxFrequencyBand | tmaSubunitRxFrequencyBand | sequence of unsigned short | CO | M | CO | +| tmaSubunitTxFrequencyBand | tmaSubunitTxFrequencyBand | sequence of unsigned short | CO | M | CO | +| tmaGainResolution | tmaGainResolution | unsigned short | CO | M | CO | +| relatedCellList | relatedCellList | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReferenceSe
t | M | M | - | + +Editor's note: The attributes tmaSubunitType, tmaSubunitRxFrequencyBand, tmaSubunitTxFrequencyBand, tmaGainResolution, tmaBaseStationId and tmaSectorId are to be checked if they should be moved to inventory. + +#### A.2.2.4 IOC CommonBSFunction + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC CommonBSFunction attributes and associations to SS equivalent MOC CommonBSFunction attributes + +| Attribute of IOC SectorEquipmentFunction in 3GPP TS 32.792 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|---------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| sharedTechnologies | sharedTechnologies | short | M | M | O | + +#### A.2.2.5 IOC GSMCellPart + +##### Mapping from NRM IOC GSMCellPart attributes and associations to SS equivalent MOC GSMCellPart attributes + +| Attribute of IOC SectorEquipmentFunction in 3GPP TS 32.792 [4] | SS Attribute | SS Type | Support Qualifier | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | +|----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-----------------| +| id | id | string | M | M | - | +| aRFCN | aRFCN | string | M | M | M | +| tsc | tsc | long | M | M | M | +| aTA | aTA | short | M | M | M | +| relatedSectorEquipment | relatedSectorEquipment | GenericNetworkResourcesIRPSystem::AttributeTypes::MOReference | M | M | - | + +## A.3 Solution Set definitions + +### A.3.1 IDL definition structure + +Clause A.3.2 defines the MO classes for the Generic RAN NRM IRP. + +### A.3.2 IDL specification "GenericRanNRMDefs.idl" + +``` +//File:GenericRanNRMDefs.idl +#ifndef _GENERICRANNRMDIFS_IDL_ +#define _GENERICRANNRMDIFS_IDL_ +#include "GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs.idl" +#pragma prefix "3gppsa5.org" +/** + * This module defines constants for each MO class name and + * the attribute names for each defined MO class. + */ +module GenericRanNRMDefs +{ + + /** + * Definitions for MO class AntennaFunction + */ + interface AntennaFunction: GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS= "AntennaFunction"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id = "id"; + const string retTiltValue = "retTiltValue"; + const string bearing = "bearing"; + const string retGroupName = "retGroupName"; + const string height = "height"; + const string maxAzimuthValue = "maxAzimuthValue"; + const string minAzimuthValue = "minAzimuthValue"; + const string horizBeamwidth = "horizBeamwidth"; + const string vertBeamwidth = "vertBeamwidth"; + const string relatedCellList= "relatedCellList"; + }; + + /** + * Definitions for MO class TmaFunction + */ + interface TmaFunction : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS = "TmaFunction"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id = "id"; + const string tmaSubunitNumber = "tmaSubunitNumber"; + const string tmaStateFlag = "tmaStateFlag"; + const string tmaFunctionFlag = "tmaFunctionFlag"; + const string tmaMinGain = "tmaMinGain"; + const string tmaMaxGain = "tmaMaxGain"; + const string tmaResolution = "tmaResolution"; + const string tmaGainFigure = "tmaGainFigure"; + const string tmaNumberOfSubunits = "tmaNumberOfSubunits"; + const string tmaBaseStationId = "tmaBaseStationId"; + const string tmaSectorId = "tmaSectorId"; + const string tmaAntennaBearing = "tmaAntennaBearing"; + const string tmaInstalledMechanicalTilt = "tmaInstalledMechanicalTilt"; + const string tmaSubunitType = "tmaSubunitType"; + const string tmaSubunitRxFrequencyBand = "tmaSubunitRxFrequencyBand"; + const string tmaSubunitTxFrequencyBand = "tmaSubunitTxFrequencyBand"; + const string tmaGainResolution = "tmaGainResolution"; + const string relatedCellList= "relatedCellList"; + }; + + /* + * Definitions for MO class SectorEquipmentFunction + */ + interface SectorEquipmentFunction : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + +``` + +``` + const string CLASS = "SectorEquipmentFunction"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id = "id"; + const string fqBand = "fqBand"; + const string eUTRANFqBands = "eUTRANFqBands"; + const string uTRANFDDFqBands = "uTRANFDDFqBands"; + const string uTRANTDDFqBands = "uTRANTDDFqBands"; + const string confOutputPower = "confOutputPower"; + const string relatedTmaList = "relatedTmaList"; + const string relatedAntennaList = "relatedAntennaList"; + const string relatedCellList= "relatedCellList"; +}; + + /* + * Definitions for MO class CommonBSFunction + */ + interface CommonBSFunction : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS = "CommonBSFunction"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id= "id"; + const string sharedTechnologies = "sharedTechnologies"; + }; + + /* + * Definitions for MO class GSMCellPart + */ + interface GSMCellPart : GenericNetworkResourcesNRMDefs::ManagedFunction + { + const string CLASS = "GSMCellPart"; + // Attribute Names + // + const string id= "id"; + const string aRFN = "aRFN"; + const string tsc = "tsc"; + const string aTA = "aTA"; + const string relatedSectorEquipment = "relatedSectorEquipment"; + }; + +}; + +module GenericRanNRMAttributeTypes +{ + typedef sequence eUTRANFqBandsListType; + typedef sequence uTRANFDDFqBandsListType; + typedef sequence uTRANTDDFqBandsListType; +}; + +#endif // _GENERICRANNRMDEFS_IDL_ +``` + +# --- Annex B (normative): XML Definitions + +This annex contains the XML Definitions for the Generic RAN NRM IRP as it applies to Itf-N, in accordance with Generic RAN NRM IRP IS definitions [4]. + +## --- B.1 Architectural features + +The overall architectural feature of Generic RAN Network Resources IRP is specified in 3GPP TS 32.792 [4]. This clause specifies features that are specific to the Schema definitions. + +The XML definitions of this document specify the schema for a configuration content. + +When using the XML definitions for a configuration file transfer with the Bulk CM IRP, using either CORBA Solution Set of 3GPP TS 32.616 [7] or SOAP Solution Set of 3GPP TS 32.616 [7], the basic part of the XML file format definition is provided by 3GPP TS 32.616 [7]. The XML definitions of this document provide the schema for the configuration content to be included in such a configuration file. + +When using the XML definitions with a SOAP Solution Set of any Interface IRP that perform operations on managed objects, for example the Basic CM IRP SOAP SS of 3GPP TS 32.606 [6], the XML definitions of this document provides the schema for the configuration content operated on by the interface IRP. Such configuration content can be name of managed object and, if applicable, IOC attributes. + +### B.1.1 Syntax for Distinguished Names + +The syntax of a Distinguished Name is defined in 3GPP TS 32.300 [5]. + +## --- B.2 Mapping + +### B.2.1 General mapping + +An IOC maps to an XML element of the same name as the IOC's name in the IS. An IOC attribute maps to a sub-element of the corresponding IOC's XML element, and the name of this sub-element is the same as the attribute's name in the IS. + +### B.2.2 Information Object Class (IOC) mapping + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +## --- B.3 Solution Set definitions + +### B.3.1 XML definition structure + +The overall description of the file format of configuration data XML files is provided by 3GPP TS 32.616 [7]. + +Annex B.3.3 of the present document defines the NRM-specific XML schema *genericRanNrm.xsd* for the Generic RAN Network Resources IRP NRM defined in 3GPP TS 32.792 [4]. + +XML schema *genericRanNrm.xsd* explicitly declares NRM-specific XML element types for the related NRM. + +The definition of those NRM-specific XML element types complies with the generic mapping rules defined in 3GPP TS 32.616 [7]. + +### B.3.2 Graphical Representation + +Not present in the current version of this specification. + +### B.3.3 XML schema "genericRanNrm.xsd" + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + +``` + +# --- Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------|--------|-----|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | | Old | New | +| 2011-03 | SP-51 | SP-110119 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Information | --- | | 1.0.0 | +| 2011-05 | SP-52 | SP-110274 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for Approval | 1.0.0 | | 2.0.0 | +| 2011-06 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | 2.0.0 | | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | SP-57 | SP-120563 | 001 | 2 | Add/Correct support for multi frequency HW | 10.0.0 | | 10.1.0 | +| 2012-09 | SA-57 | - | - | - | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 10.1.0 | 10.1.0 | | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32833/1eadbbe42cfcac5c0023577110aec5e3_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32833/1eadbbe42cfcac5c0023577110aec5e3_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e203a45fc974bf0e8606a23b767e8fb9dcb44bdf --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32833/1eadbbe42cfcac5c0023577110aec5e3_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:22eb4cbc25809b6d8a8c875cea3228fcf3b744f2b463bcae6862f7ebc61a0599 +size 43808 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32833/2734e7f9be3e1dc046f14be2e6c9a085_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32833/2734e7f9be3e1dc046f14be2e6c9a085_img.jpg new file mode 100644 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sha256:c675e4c848b8fd78a38cf183a52c317aa3f65c5f5d98e69027988275d1ef68d9 +size 60486 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32833/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32833/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fa006653159fd4864ee3ed5034ce1fd04ff654b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32833/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,957 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Symbols..... | 6 | +| 3.3 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Definition of the Problem Space..... | 8 | +| 5 Fixed-Mobile Convergence (FMC) Use Cases..... | 10 | +| 5.1 Use Cases for common Radio and Transport Management..... | 10 | +| 5.1.1 Example Deployment Scenario ..... | 10 | +| 5.1.2 FM UC with alarm from underlying transport network ..... | 10 | +| 5.1.3 CM UC addition of new radio network resources..... | 11 | +| 5.1.4 PM UC supporting PM data correlation from radio and transport networks ..... | 11 | +| 5.1.5 UC common Management of Radio and underlying Transport Networks..... | 12 | +| 5.1.6 UC Ethernet VLAN provisioning..... | 14 | +| 5.1.7 UC Alarm monitoring..... | 14 | +| 5.2 Use Cases for Converged Networks Management..... | 15 | +| 5.2.1 UC Femto Access Management ..... | 15 | +| 5.3 Use Cases for Customer Facing Services Management..... | 16 | +| 5.3.1 MNO launches a new service..... | 16 | +| 5.3.2 End user has problems with a streaming service..... | 17 | +| 6 Potential Relationships to other SDOs and Industry Fora ..... | 19 | +| 7 Evaluation of Management Convergence Options ..... | 19 | +| 7.1 Facilities ..... | 19 | +| 7.1.1 Import facility ..... | 19 | +| 7.1.1.1 Case 1 usage (case-reference)..... | 19 | +| 7.1.1.2 Case 2 usage (case-derivative)..... | 19 | +| 7.1.1.3 Case 3 usage (case-containment)..... | 20 | +| 7.2 Option 1..... | 20 | +| 7.2.1 Use ATM transport network case to illustrate the design pattern ..... | 20 | +| 7.2.1.1 Define generic TP (terminating point) and specific TP IOCs in [2]..... | 20 | +| 7.2.1.2 Associate specific link with specific TP in specific NRM IRPs..... | 21 | +| 7.2.2 Apply the design pattern (discussed in 7.1.1) for S1-MME reference point..... | 22 | +| 7.3 Option 2..... | 23 | +| 7.3.1 Context..... | 23 | +| 7.3.2 Procedure ..... | 23 | +| 8 Management Convergence Recommendations..... | 24 | +| Annex A: Name-Containment Class diagram from TS 32.622 [12] ..... | 25 | +| Annex B: Containment Diagram from M4 Network View CMIP MIB Specification..... | 26 | +| Annex C: Brief description of FNM ..... | 27 | +| 6.1 Relations between fragments and Umbrella..... | 27 | +| Annex D: Network Management related TISPAN Standards ..... | 28 | +| Annex E: Change history ..... | 29 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +Traditional network management systems are organized along silos for the different communication network technologies, like radio networks or transport networks. As a consequence of this architecture there is little or no knowledge in one management system about the other management systems. Also, typically there is no information exchange between these systems. This is why true end to end management is normally not possible. + +This industry is moving towards removing these silos. Numerous activities have been started recently. One direction is the general harmonisation and alignment of the management approaches and management interfaces. Another direction is the development of management applications being able to deal with management information for several network technologies. The final goal is a converged OSS. + +This study assumes that this converged OSS is already in place. The scope of this study is to investigate which new functionalities regarding a true end to end management are enabled by a converged OSS. The fragments looked at are Fault Management, Performance Management and Configuration Management. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document investigates which new functionalities regarding a true end to end management are enabled by a converged OSS. The fragments looked at are Fault Management, Performance Management and Configuration Management. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 32.712: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Transport Network (TN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.742: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Signalling Transport Network (STN) interface Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.762: "Telecommunication management; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.752: "Telecommunication management; Evolved Packet Core (EPC) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [9] ITU-T X.680 OSI networking and system aspects – Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) +- [10] 3GPP TS 32.642: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); UTRAN network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [11] ATM Forum, Technical Committee, Network Management, M4 Network View CMIP MIB Specification: CMIP Specification for the M4 Interface, Sep, 1995 +- [12] 3GPP TS 32.622: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Generic network resources Integration Reference Point (IRP); Network Resource Model (NRM)". +- [13] ITU-T Y.2091: "Terms and definitions for Next Generation Networks" +- [14] S5vTMFa081 FMC federated network model (FNM) v1.1 + +# --- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------| +| eNodeB | LTE equivalent to the BTS | +| NodeB | UMTS equivalent to the BTS | + +In ITU-T, a definition is provided for Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC) which applies in general to references to FMC in this specification. + +**fixed mobile convergence** [ITU-T Q.1762]: In a given network configuration, the capabilities that provide services and application to the end-user regardless of the fixed or mobile access technologies being used and independent of the user's location. In the NGN environment, it means providing NGN services to end-users regardless of the fixed or mobile access technologies being used (Rec. Y.2091) + +## 3.2 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +*None* + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [x] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------| +| AAA | Authentication, Authorization and Accounting | +| ADSL | Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line | +| AN | Access Network | +| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode | +| BNG | Broadband Network Gateway | +| BRAS | Broadband Remote Access Server (synonym BNG) | +| BSC | Base Station Controller | +| BTS | Base Transceiver Station | +| CMIP | Common Management Information Protocol | +| DNS | Directory Name Service | +| DSL | Digital Subscriber Line | +| DSLAM | Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer | +| DWDM | Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing | +| Eth | Ethernet | +| EUTRAN | Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network | +| FMC | Fixed-Mobile Convergence | +| FN | Fixed Network | +| FNO | Fixed Network Operator | +| GE | Gigabit Ethernet | +| GGSN | Gateway GPRS Support Node | +| HLR | Home Location Register | +| IMS | IP Multimedia Subsystem | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| LTE | Long Term Evolution | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| MME | Mobile Management Entity | +| MPLS | Multiprotocol Label Switching | +| MWR | Microwave Radio | +| NM | Network Management | +| P-GW | PDN Gateway | +| PDH | Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy | +| PON | Passive Optical Network | +| RG | Residential Gateway | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| SGSN | Serving GPRS Support Node | +| SeGW | Security Gateway | +| S-GW | Serving Gateway | + +| | | +|------|----------------------------------| +| SHD | Synchronous Digital Hierarchy | +| TP | Terminating Point | +| UC | Use Case | +| VLAN | Virtual Local Area Network | +| WDM | Wavelength Division Multiplexing | + +# 4 Definition of the Problem Space + +Services offered to end users use resources from networks of multiple technologies typically operated by more than just one type of network service operator. Management of these services and these networks face several challenges. + +One of the challenges is that the management standards for these technologies are defined at different standardization fora and alike. Another challenge is that different parts of the network are also managed by separate management systems that do not communicate with each other and are usually also operated by different type of network service providers. + +The figures below try to present a holistic view towards fixed and mobile networks. The figures are informative and do not try to describe the whole complexity of the fixed and mobile networks. Also different roles such as fixed access provider, internet service provider, mobile network operator, transport provider are not considered. + +Instead the perspective is topology and site oriented. The figures show the: + +- most usual sites with typical interconnections +- typical functions/products within the sites + +![Diagram of FMC Problem Space showing typical sites and interconnections in fixed and mobile networks.](731f533b0599c8e42a063f06e4332045_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the FMC Problem Space, showing typical sites and interconnections in fixed and mobile networks. It is divided into two main sections: **Fixnet** (Fixed Network) and **Mobile** (Mobile Network), separated by a dashed blue line. + +**Fixnet (Fixed Network) Sites:** + +- Home**: Connected to **Curb/Pole** (dashed box) and **Local Office**. +- Curb/Pole** (dashed box): Connected to **Home** and **Local Office**. +- Local Office**: Connected to **Home**, **Curb/Pole**, **Medium/Large Enterprise**, and **Central Office**. +- Medium/Large Enterprise**: Connected to **Local Office**. +- Central Office**: Connected to **Local Office** and **Mobile Ctrl Site**. + +**Mobile (Mobile Network) Sites:** + +- Cell-Site**: Connected to **3rd party Leased Lines** (cloud) and **Mobile Ctrl Site**. +- 3rd party Leased Lines** (cloud): Connected to **Cell-Site** and **Mobile Ctrl Site**. +- Mobile Ctrl Site**: Connected to **Cell-Site**, **3rd party Leased Lines**, and **Central Office**. +- Mobile Core Site**: Connected to **Mobile Ctrl Site**. + +**Backbone (IP, DWDM) Sites:** + +- IP-Core Site**: Three instances are shown, forming a mesh. One is connected to **Central Office**, and another is connected to **FN Data Center**. +- FN Data Center**: Connected to one of the **IP-Core Site** instances. + +Diagram of FMC Problem Space showing typical sites and interconnections in fixed and mobile networks. + +Figure 4.1: FMC Problem Space: Typical sites and interconnections in fixed and mobile networks + +![A detailed network architecture diagram showing various sites and their interconnections. Sites include Cell-Site (BTS, NodeB, eNodeB, Femto, MWR), Residential Home (Wifi/Femto, RG), Curb/Pole (Splitter, DSLAM), Medium/Large Enterprise (Wifi/Femto, xWDM, Eth/MPLS/IP), Local Office (MWR, xWDM, AN, Eth/MPLS/IP, SDH/Eth/WDM), Mobile Ctrl Site (BSC, RNC, SGSN, Femto-GW, IP-Edge), Central Office (xWDM, BNG/BRAS, Eth/MPLS/IP, IP-Edge, SDH/Eth/WDM), Mobile Core Site (GGSN, HLR, AAA, S-GW, MME, IMS, SGSN, Femto-GW, IP-Edge, P-GW, MNO Apps), IP-Core Site (DWDM, IP-Core), and FN Data Center (AAA, DNS, Radius, IP-Edge, Apps). The backbone is labeled 'Backbone (IP, DWDM)' and connects to the Internet. Connections are labeled with protocols like PDH/SDH, xDSL, xPON, GE, SDH, WDM, and SDH(ATM).](b3baf3a29b67c7425d2562ddbc52f0cc_img.jpg) + +A detailed network architecture diagram showing various sites and their interconnections. Sites include Cell-Site (BTS, NodeB, eNodeB, Femto, MWR), Residential Home (Wifi/Femto, RG), Curb/Pole (Splitter, DSLAM), Medium/Large Enterprise (Wifi/Femto, xWDM, Eth/MPLS/IP), Local Office (MWR, xWDM, AN, Eth/MPLS/IP, SDH/Eth/WDM), Mobile Ctrl Site (BSC, RNC, SGSN, Femto-GW, IP-Edge), Central Office (xWDM, BNG/BRAS, Eth/MPLS/IP, IP-Edge, SDH/Eth/WDM), Mobile Core Site (GGSN, HLR, AAA, S-GW, MME, IMS, SGSN, Femto-GW, IP-Edge, P-GW, MNO Apps), IP-Core Site (DWDM, IP-Core), and FN Data Center (AAA, DNS, Radius, IP-Edge, Apps). The backbone is labeled 'Backbone (IP, DWDM)' and connects to the Internet. Connections are labeled with protocols like PDH/SDH, xDSL, xPON, GE, SDH, WDM, and SDH(ATM). + +**Figure 4.2: Detailed FMC Problem Space: Typical functions and products in fixed and mobile networks** + +It should be noted that sites and functions are not all mandatory but may vary due to specific implementations and operator demands. + +In contrast to many segmented and abstract/functional network presentations, this blueprint intends to help understanding networks and business close to real life. + +Consequently it might be useful as a basis for further end-to-end activities, improvements and decisions. + +# 5 Fixed-Mobile Convergence (FMC) Use Cases + +## 5.1 Use Cases for common Radio and Transport Management + +### 5.1.1 Example Deployment Scenario + +The Figure 5.1.1.1 below shows a simplified example for a typical deployment scenario in today's networks. It depicts network elements of the radio network controlled by the mobile network operator's (MNO) Element/Domain Managers (EM/DM) and network elements of the transport network controlled by the transport network operator's (TNO) EM/DM. + +The MNO and the TNO may or may not be the same operator and there also may or may not be a common network management (NM) layer on top of the radio network and the transport network specific EMs/DMs. + +The use cases in the following sections are based on this deployment scenario. + +![Figure 5.1.1.1: Example deployment scenario for common radio and transport network use cases. The diagram illustrates a network architecture where radio network elements (eNodeBs) are connected to a transport network. At the top, three management boxes are shown: MNO EM/DM (left), TNO EM/DM (center, spanning the transport part), and MNO EM/DM (right). Below, the radio network consists of four eNodeBs connected to a central unit. The transport network path includes MWR (Mobile Wireless Router), AN (Access Node), Eth/MPLS/IP node, IP Edge router, IP switch, SAE-GW, and MNO App Server. The network is divided into five segments: Macro Site-Cite, Local Office, Central Office, Backbone, and Mobile Control Site.](1eadbbe42cfcac5c0023577110aec5e3_img.jpg) + +Figure 5.1.1.1: Example deployment scenario for common radio and transport network use cases. The diagram illustrates a network architecture where radio network elements (eNodeBs) are connected to a transport network. At the top, three management boxes are shown: MNO EM/DM (left), TNO EM/DM (center, spanning the transport part), and MNO EM/DM (right). Below, the radio network consists of four eNodeBs connected to a central unit. The transport network path includes MWR (Mobile Wireless Router), AN (Access Node), Eth/MPLS/IP node, IP Edge router, IP switch, SAE-GW, and MNO App Server. The network is divided into five segments: Macro Site-Cite, Local Office, Central Office, Backbone, and Mobile Control Site. + +**Figure 5.1.1.1: Example deployment scenario for common radio and transport network use cases.** + +### 5.1.2 FM UC with alarm from underlying transport network + +#### ➤ Scenario + +Radio network is operated by a Mobile Network Operator (MNO) and transport network by a Transport Network Operator (TNO). The MNO does not have control over the transport network. In a radio network alarm condition it is useful to know if there is an alarm condition also in the underlying transport network. + +#### ➤ Network Context + +The MNO manages transceiver type and controller type Network Elements (NE) of the radio network. + +The TNO manages the wireline mobile backhaul between the transceiver and the controller type NEs of the radio network. + +Transport network has edge nodes both at the transceiver and controller sides of the transport network. Edge node is assumed to be a gateway/interface node between the radio and the transport networks. + +#### ➤ Description + +The MNO detects alarms at a transceiver type NE and at a controller type NE. The MNO starts to identify the root cause for the problem. The potential problem may be in the radio network but alarms from the transceiver and the controller type of NEs rather indicate a possibility of a problem of mobile backhaul (transport network). The related transport network alarms would be needed for end to end investigation of the potential problem. + +#### ➤ Implications + +In order to solve the root cause for the radio network problem efficiently: + +- The MNO needs to get information on the alarms in the underlying transport network. +- The MNO needs to be able to correlate the transport network alarms with the corresponding radio network alarms. + +### 5.1.3 CM UC addition of new radio network resources + +#### ➤ Scenario + +Radio network is operated by a Mobile Network Operator (MNO) and transport network by a Transport Network Operator (TNO). The MNO does not have control over the transport network. When new radio network resources are added configuration information needs to be transferred between the MNO and the TNO. + +#### ➤ Network Context + +The MNO manages transceiver type (e.g. NodeB) and controller type (e.g. RNC) Network Elements (NE) of the radio network. + +The TNO manages the wireline mobile backhaul between the transceiver and the controller type NEs of the radio network. + +Transport network has edge nodes both at the transceiver and controller sides of the transport network. Edge node is assumed to be a gateway/interface node between the radio and the transport networks. + +#### ➤ Description + +The MNO is managing a radio network with e.g. 80 transceiver type NEs and a required number of controller type NEs. The MNO wants to add 4 new transceiver type NEs using the same transport network. + +#### ➤ Implications + +In this scenario it is assumed that the radio network of the MNO is already using the transport network of the TNO for service offering. + +In order to add new radio network resources using the transport network: + +- The MNO and the TNO need to agree on a service level agreement (SLA) for the new radio resources. +- When the new radio resources are available the MNO needs to provide the TNO with required information for configuration purposes. +- The TNO needs to configure the transport network to satisfy the requirements set by the MNO. + +### 5.1.4 PM UC supporting PM data correlation from radio and transport networks + +#### ➤ Scenario + +Radio network is operated by a Mobile Network Operator (MNO) and transport network by a Transport Network Operator (TNO). The MNO does not have control over the transport network. MNO uses PM counters to analyse offered service level and the network status. + +#### ➤ Network Context + +The MNO manages transceiver type and controller type Network Elements (NE) of the radio network. + +The TNO manages the wireline mobile backhaul between the transceiver and the controller type NEs of the radio network. + +Transport network has edge nodes both at the transceiver and controller sides of the transport network. Edge node is assumed to be a gateway/interface node between the radio and the transport networks. + +#### ➤ Description + +MNO collects and analyses PM information from radio network. MNO sees a degrading trend of service level or an increasing trend of error level. The potential problem may be in the radio network but measurements from the transceiver and the controller type of NEs rather indicate a problem of mobile backhaul (transport network). The transport network PM would be needed for end to end investigation of the potential problem. + +#### ➤ Implications + +In order to have a good end to end view and supporting efficient decision making in radio network: + +- MNO needs to get PM information from the transport network either regularly or per request. + +### 5.1.5 UC common Management of Radio and underlying Transport Networks + +#### ➤ Scenario + +Mobile network may use transport network (e.g. IP transport network etc.) to provide the transport function. For the converged network management which focuses on managing the mobile network should have a unified interface, to manage the mobile network and its supporting transport network. + +#### ➤ Network Context + +The mobile network and its supporting transport network. + +#### ➤ Implications + +- The relationship between mobile managed resource and transport managed resources needs to be known by the IRPManager. + +#### ➤ Description + +The FMC management for common radio and transport management include that: + +1. Monitoring and managing the alarms information of converged network which includes mobile network and its supporting transport network. +2. Monitoring and managing the performance information of converged network which includes mobile network and its supporting transport network. +3. Monitoring and managing the configuration information of converged network which includes mobile network and its supporting transport network. + +![Diagram illustrating converged network management. A central oval labeled 'Converged network management (TNM)' is connected by double-headed arrows to two rectangular boxes below it: 'Mobile network' and 'Supporting transport network'.](562d9aee5942ddbc70781a7fe800622e_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + subgraph CNM [Converged network management (TNM)] + CNM(( )) + end + CNM <--> MN[Mobile network] + CNM <--> STN[Supporting transport network] + +``` + +Diagram illustrating converged network management. A central oval labeled 'Converged network management (TNM)' is connected by double-headed arrows to two rectangular boxes below it: 'Mobile network' and 'Supporting transport network'. + +**Figure 5.1.1.1: Converged network management** + +### 5.1.6 UC Ethernet VLAN provisioning + +#### ➤ Scenario + +Operator, as a result of a planning exercise, realizes that additional infrastructure capacity is required to support service growth (e.g. to support new X2 links). The capacity, in the form of an Ethernet VLAN needs to be created and activated across a mix of wireline NEs and wireless NEs. The Ethernet VLAN is initially simply point to point. + +#### ➤ Network Context + +The Ethernet VLAN terminates in a wireless equipment and traverses several wireline equipments to terminate at wireline NE. + +#### ➤ Implications + +It would appear that at a minimum: + +- The relation between wireless NE and wireline NE needs to be known to the IRPManager. +- Some configuration parameters need to be sent to the wireless NE. + +#### ➤ Description + +As a result of the activation the IRPManager should be able to discover the Ethernet VLAN and its path related to the supported X2 link (as in our example). + +### 5.1.7 UC Alarm monitoring + +#### ➤ Scenario + +Operator needs to know if an alarmed radio resource, e.g. End Point instance, is related to or not related to any alarmed wireline resources. + +#### ➤ Network Context + +The wireline circuit, terminating at both ends in wireless NEs, traverses several wireline NEs. + +#### ➤ Implications + +It would appear that at a minimum: + +- Operator needs to know (e.g. the identifier of) the wireline network edge node resource (e.g. circuit identifier) that is related to the alarmed radio resource. + +#### ➤ Description + +Knowing the wireline network edge node resource identifier, operator can discover the identifiers of all wireline resources supporting the alarmed wireless resources. Knowing their identifiers, operator can know if the identified wireline resources are in alarmed condition and if so, determine if the alarm condition is causing the alarm condition of the wireless resource. + +## 5.2 Use Cases for Converged Networks Management + +### 5.2.1 UC Femto Access Management + +Note: This is one possible use case scenario for femto access management. There are other possible scenarios as well. + +#### ➤ Scenario + +An operator operating both mobile and fixed networks offers for its customers a service where the end user can take at home into use a femto access point (Home Node B) to achieve better service quality over mobile networks. + +The femto access point is attached to an ADSL connection and connects to the operator's mobile core via fixed network. + +The figure below illustrates the use case with a service flow example showing network elements and functions relevant for the scenario. This use case is derived from the Detailed FMC Problem Space (Figure 4.2) but the network elements are limited here to the minimum relevant for the femto use case. There could be e.g. more network elements in between AN and BNG/BRAS (e.g. aggregation stages). Note that depending from the deployment the service flow could look different and also the network elements involved could be different. + +![Figure 5.2.1.1: Femto use case service flow with relevant network elements. The diagram shows a service flow starting from a Residential Home with a Femto access point, connected via a Curb/Pole and DSLAM to an AN (Access Network). The AN is connected to a BNG/BRAS (Broadband Network Gateway) via a GE (Gigabit Ethernet) link. The BNG/BRAS is connected to an IP-Core (IP Core) via a GE link. The IP-Core is part of a Backbone (IP, DWDM) and is connected to another IP-Core. This second IP-Core is connected to a Mobile Core Site containing an S-GW (Serving Gateway), MME (Mobility Management Entity), IP-Edge, and P-GW (PDN Gateway). The Mobile Core Site is also connected to a Mobile Ctrl Site containing an SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) and Femto -GW (Femto Gateway). The Mobile Ctrl Site is connected to a Cell-Site and a 3rd party Leased Lines cloud. The IP-Core in the Backbone is also connected to an FN Data Center and an Internet cloud.](d17f75945bbb3feb84a153ecfedb9b81_img.jpg) + +Figure 5.2.1.1: Femto use case service flow with relevant network elements. The diagram shows a service flow starting from a Residential Home with a Femto access point, connected via a Curb/Pole and DSLAM to an AN (Access Network). The AN is connected to a BNG/BRAS (Broadband Network Gateway) via a GE (Gigabit Ethernet) link. The BNG/BRAS is connected to an IP-Core (IP Core) via a GE link. The IP-Core is part of a Backbone (IP, DWDM) and is connected to another IP-Core. This second IP-Core is connected to a Mobile Core Site containing an S-GW (Serving Gateway), MME (Mobility Management Entity), IP-Edge, and P-GW (PDN Gateway). The Mobile Core Site is also connected to a Mobile Ctrl Site containing an SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) and Femto -GW (Femto Gateway). The Mobile Ctrl Site is connected to a Cell-Site and a 3rd party Leased Lines cloud. The IP-Core in the Backbone is also connected to an FN Data Center and an Internet cloud. + +**Figure 5.2.1.1: Femto use case service flow with relevant network elements** + +#### ➤ Network context + +When managing the femto access service the operator needs to ensure that the network elements belonging to both mobile and fixed networks are able to provide the necessary service quality and resources. + +The most relevant network elements from management point of view specific for this scenario are: + +- At home premises + - a femto access point (Home Node B) typically managed by mobile network management systems + +- a Residential Gateway (RG) typically managed by fixed network management systems +- At local office + - a Access Network node (AN) typically managed by fixed network management systems +- At the central office + - a Broadband Network Gateway (BNG), typically managed by fixed network management systems +- At mobile control site + - a Femto Gateway (Home Node B Gateway), typically managed by the mobile network management systems + +Here it is assumed that the underlying network infrastructure has been already configured so that the service offering can take place. + +Not all the relevant network elements are considered in this use case, e.g. the IP-Core switch as well as several other network elements at the mobile control and the mobile core site. + +#### ➤ Implications + +The relation between the abovementioned network elements in mobile and fixed networks need to be know to the operator's management systems. + +#### ➤ Description + +From management point of view the operator needs to monitor these relevant network elements and also needs to be able to e.g. correlate any alarms between them. + +## 5.3 Use Cases for Customer Facing Services Management + +### 5.3.1 MNO launches a new service + +#### ➤ Scenario + +MNO is providing LTE service to its customers. In addition to the connectivity service the MNO also provides different kind of content related services for its customers that end users can subscribe to at the MNO's customer portal or by calling to MNO's help desk. + +Now the MNO is launching a new service where customers can subscribe to live broadcasting of football games. + +LTE radio network is operated by a Mobile Network Operator (MNO) and transport network by a Transport Network Operator (TNO). The MNO does not have control over the transport network. + +#### ➤ Network Context + +The MNO manages transceiver type and controller type Network Elements (NE) of the radio network. + +The TNO manages the wireline mobile backhaul between the transceiver and the controller type NEs of the radio network. + +Transport network has edge nodes both at the transceiver and controller sides of the transport network. Edge node is assumed to be a gateway/interface node between the radio and the transport networks. + +#### ➤ Description + +MNO wants to launch a new service offering, life football broadcasting, over the radio network for its customers. + +It is estimated that to guarantee service quality of the live broadcasting the current contract with the TNO is not sufficient, but more bandwidth is needed to support the occasional live football broadcasting services. Also the MNO needs to add more capacity to the radio network at some locations. + +The MNO needs to negotiate a new SLA with the TNO. The MNO also needs to add additional transceiver type NEs to some locations. + +TNO has enough capacity to support both the increased bandwidth requirements as well as the new transceiver type NEs. The new NEs need to be configured to the transport network. + +In addition to network configuration, the MNO also needs to create and enable the new service at its service portal and all the required customer registers. + +#### ➤ Implications + +In order to launch a new service efficiently automated processes should be used as much as possible. + +- The CM operations from both the MNO and the TNO should have automated processes requiring minimum manual configuration. +- There should be means for communicating required CM information from MNO to TNO with minimum manual interaction. +- The MNO's service configuration should support processes requiring minimum manual configuration. + +### 5.3.2 End user has problems with a streaming service + +#### ➤ Scenario + +MNO is providing LTE service to its customers. As part of the MNO's service offering customers are also offered subscriptions to live broadcasting of football games. + +The LTE radio network is operated by a Mobile Network Operator (MNO) and the transport network by a Transport Network Operator (TNO). The MNO does not have control over the transport network. + +#### ➤ Network Context + +The MNO manages transceiver type and controller type Network Elements (NE) of the radio network. + +The TNO manages the wireline mobile backhaul between the transceiver and the controller type NEs of the radio network. + +Transport network has edge nodes both at the transceiver and controller sides of the transport network. Edge node is assumed to be a gateway/interface node between the radio and the transport networks. + +#### ➤ Description + +End user is watching a live football broadcasting using her mobile phone. Suddenly the broadcasting is interrupted. As the end user cannot connect to the live football broadcasting again she calls to the MNO's helpdesk. + +The MNO's helpdesk answers to the phone call where the end user is informing that she cannot anymore access the live football broadcasting. The helpdesk is able to see that there are some connectivity problems at the cell site, as well as at the neighbouring cell site, the end user is located in. + +The helpdesk informs the end user that there seems to be some network problems and requests the end user to wait for a moment while the helpdesk is asking for any further information about the problem and when the problem is estimated to be solved. + +After a short moment, the helpdesk is informed that there was a problem in the transport network which has been resolved automatically. However, end users might have faced some problems in the service offering. In the meanwhile also alarms at the cell sites have been cleared. + +The help desk informs the end user that the problem should have been solved now and apologies for interruption of the service. As compensation the end user account is credited with an electronic voucher that can be used to pay for some MNO's service + +#### ➤ Implications + +In order to solve the customer problem efficiently: + +- The MNO's helpdesk needs to get information from the network problems that may affect customers' services. +- The actual root cause of the network problem should be solved efficiently. + +# --- 6 Potential Relationships to other SDOs and Industry Fora + +3GPP SA is participating in a Multi-SDO initiative where other SDOs and Industry Fora which should be included in this activity are identified. Currently the main body of interest seems to be the TM Forum. + +# --- 7 Evaluation of Management Convergence Options + +Reference [14] defines the overall architecture of a Federated Network Model (FNM). It identifies the major components (called models) and their relations among them. Refer to Annex C for ease of reference. + +Section 7.1 describes the types of relation (called facilities) that can be used in R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, etc. + +Section 7.2 illustrates usage of these facilities in R0, R1, R2, etc. + +The author of a particular model (e.g. author of the “3GPP wireless NW concrete model”), when relating its classes with classes of other models, need not use all facilities identified in Section 7.1 + +However, the author must, when relating its classes with classes of other models, use the facilities identified in Section 7.1. + +## 7.1 Facilities + +The facilities identified here are used for stage 2 (e.g. IS) platform-independent-model level usage. They are not used in stage 3 (e.g. SS) platform-specific-model level usage. + +### 7.1.1 Import facility + +This facility allows a model, e.g. the “3GPP wireless NW concrete model” such as EUTRAN NRM IRP IS to use a network resource modelled class defined elsewhere, e.g. in Umbrella model or other concrete model. There are three such usage cases. + +#### 7.1.1.1 Case 1 usage (case-reference) + +This facility allows a class defined in one model to refer (point to) class defined in another model. + +Suppose model-A has class-A1; model-X has class-X1 and class-A1 needs to point to class-X1. + +Do: + +- In Model-A IS, imports model-X::class-X1. +- In Model-A IS, Class-A1 has an attribute that contains the Distinguished Name of model-X::class-X1. +- In Model-A SS, not to define any definition of model-X::class-X1. + +#### 7.1.1.2 Case 2 usage (case-derivative) + +This facility allows a class defined in one model to derive itself from a class defined in another model. + +Suppose model-A has class-A4; model-X has class-X1 and class-A4 needs to be a derivative of class-X1. + +Do: + +- In Model-A IS, imports model-X::class-X1. +- In Model-A IS, Class-A4 inherits from the imported class. +- In Model-A SS, the authors decide, on case by case basis, if its SS should define its imported class (i.e. ignoring the fact that the imported class SS exists somewhere else) or not. + +#### 7.1.1.3 Case 3 usage (case-containment) + +This facility allows a class defined in one model to contain (or to be name-contained by) a class defined in another model. + +Suppose model-A has class-A4; model-X has class-X1 and class-A4 needs to name-contain (or to be name-contained by) class-X1. + +Do: + +- In Model-A IS, imports model-X::class-X1. +- In Model-A IS, class-A4 name-contains (or to be name-contained by) the imported class. +- In Model-A SS, the authors decide, on case by case basis, if its SS should define a definition of the imported class (i.e. ignoring the fact that the imported class SS exists somewhere else) or not. + +## 7.2 Option 1 + +### 7.2.1 Use ATM transport network case to illustrate the design pattern + +#### 7.2.1.1 Define generic TP (terminating point) and specific TP IOCs in [2] + +Replace the “Figure 4.2.1.1: Transport Network NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram” in [2] with the one below (cardinality not shown): + +![UML Class Diagram showing the Transport Network NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram. The diagram illustrates the relationships between ManagedElement, TransportNetworkInterface, GenericPTP, GenericCTP, ExternGenericCTP, and GenericCTP. ManagedElement (from TS 32.622) is the root class. TransportNetworkInterface inherits from ManagedElement. GenericPTP and GenericCTP inherit from TransportNetworkInterface. GenericCTP is associated with ExternGenericCTP (R2) and GenericCTP (R3) through an XOR relationship. GenericPTP is associated with GenericCTP through R1.](f388cbdae6f0ef3aeb96fdf9984d1284_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagedElement { + <> + ManagedElement + (from TS 32.622) + } + class TransportNetworkInterface { + <> + TransportNetworkInterface + } + class GenericPTP { + <> + GenericPTP + } + class GenericCTP_1 { + <> + GenericCTP + } + class ExternGenericCTP { + <> + ExternGenericCTP + } + class GenericCTP_2 { + <> + GenericCTP + } + + ManagedElement <|-- TransportNetworkInterface + TransportNetworkInterface <|-- GenericPTP + TransportNetworkInterface <|-- GenericCTP_1 + GenericPTP -- GenericCTP_1 : R1 + GenericCTP_1 -- ExternGenericCTP : R2 + GenericCTP_1 -- GenericCTP_2 : R3 + note right of GenericCTP_1 {XOR} + +``` + +UML Class Diagram showing the Transport Network NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram. The diagram illustrates the relationships between ManagedElement, TransportNetworkInterface, GenericPTP, GenericCTP, ExternGenericCTP, and GenericCTP. ManagedElement (from TS 32.622) is the root class. TransportNetworkInterface inherits from ManagedElement. GenericPTP and GenericCTP inherit from TransportNetworkInterface. GenericCTP is associated with ExternGenericCTP (R2) and GenericCTP (R3) through an XOR relationship. GenericPTP is associated with GenericCTP through R1. + +**Figure 7.1.1.1.1: Transport Network NRM Containment/Naming and Association diagram** + +The `GenericCTP` (generic channel termination point) and `GenericPTP` (generic path termination point) are potential IOCs that can/should be aligned with TMF SID based `TerminationPoint` class (which is based on ITU-T M3100). + +The R1 represents a multiplexing relationship (as defined today), i.e. multiple CTPs are multiplexed onto one PTP. + +The R2, R3 represent a different type (not same type as R1) of relations that are not yet defined by Release 10 of [2]. When two CTPs are related, it means that the information (e.g. bits) coming out of one CTP is received by the related CTP (and vice versa). + +So, if RNCFunction has (via a TransportNetworkInterface) an ATMChannelTerminationPoint-A which is related to another ATMChannelTerminatedPoint-X, most probably the latter is not that of NodeBFunction. The latter can be an ATMChannelTerminationPoint of an element (e.g. ATM switch) of the ATMNetwork (see Annex A of [2].) + +Today, a MIB can contain IOC instances of names using ExternXyz or Xyz. All the instances whose names using Xyz are within the management scope of the IRPAgent maintaining the MIB. The ExternXyz instances are representation of entities that are outside the management scope of the subject IRPAgent. + +For the FMC work, we would extend the capability (or semantics) of ExternXyz to represent entities that are modelled (or defined) by another SDOs specification and whose definition is recommended for use by 3GPP to support FMC network management. + +We suggest the following attributes that are essential for this ExternXyz + +| Attribute name | Read Qualifier | Write Qualifier | Comments | +|----------------------|----------------|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| id | M | M | DN of the IOC instance | +| externalEntityId | M | M | Identification of the entity represented by ExternalXyz. The identification is primarily useful for the external domain manager managing that external entity. If the external domain manager is IRP compliant, then this attribute carries a DN. | +| modelSpecificationId | M | M | If the external DM is IRP compliant, this carries an IRPVersion. If it is not, then it is a string whose precise syntax is TBD (we have to first identify the SDO involved and understand its way of naming/identifying model specifications.) | + +#### 7.2.1.2 Associate specific link with specific TP in specific NRM IRPs + +Add the ATMChannelTerminationPoint IOC in Figure 6.2.1.4 of [3]. Make an association between it and IubLink as in Figure 7.1.1.2.1. + +![Diagram showing the association between ATMChannelTerminationPoint and IubLink. Two boxes represent the Information Object Classes. The left box is labeled '<> ATMChannelTerminationPoint (from TS 32 712)'. The right box is labeled '<> IubLink'. A horizontal line with the label 'associatedWith' connects the two boxes.](552ca016af3d6240648ab5a2cad97f60_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + A["<> +ATMChannelTerminationPoint +(from TS 32 712)"] -- associatedWith --> B["<> +IubLink"] + +``` + +Diagram showing the association between ATMChannelTerminationPoint and IubLink. Two boxes represent the Information Object Classes. The left box is labeled '<> ATMChannelTerminationPoint (from TS 32 712)'. The right box is labeled '<> IubLink'. A horizontal line with the label 'associatedWith' connects the two boxes. + +Figure 7.1.1.2.1: Association between ATMChannelTerminationPoint and IubLink + +### 7.2.2 Apply the design pattern (discussed in 7.1.1) for S1-MME reference point + +This section is an illustration on using the design pattern (discussed in 7.1.1) for links used in Reference Point S1-MME. + +Add the XyzChannelTerminationPoint IOC in Figure 6.2.1.3 of [5]. Make an association between it and Link-ENB\_MME as follows. + +Note that the name XyzCTP used here is simply a place-holder-name for now. This IOC is either defined by SA5 in [2] or will be defined by an SDO (yet to be identified) and recommended for use in [2]. This exact name of this IOC will be decided later. + +![UML Class Diagram showing the relationship between MMEFunction, Link_ENB_MME, XyzCTP, and ENBFunction.](73dff6b45b2b9ffd384bab3235f869af_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class MMEFunction { + <> + MMEFunction + } + class Link_ENB_MME { + <> + Link_ENB_MME + } + class XyzCTP { + <> + XyzCTP + (from TS 32.712) + } + class ENBFunction { + <> + ENBFunction + (from TS 32.762) + } + MMEFunction -- Link_ENB_MME + Link_ENB_MME -- XyzCTP : associatedWith + Link_ENB_MME -- ENBFunction +``` + +The diagram illustrates the design pattern for the S1-MME reference point. It features four Information Object Classes (IOCs) represented as yellow boxes with red borders. At the top is **MMEFunction**. Below it is **Link\_ENB\_MME**, which is pointed to by a note labeled "S1-MME ref point". At the bottom left is **XyzCTP (from TS 32.712)**, and at the bottom right is **ENBFunction (from TS 32.762)**. A line connects **MMEFunction** to **Link\_ENB\_MME**. Another line connects **Link\_ENB\_MME** to **XyzCTP**, labeled with the association name *associatedWith*. A third line connects **Link\_ENB\_MME** to **ENBFunction**. + +UML Class Diagram showing the relationship between MMEFunction, Link\_ENB\_MME, XyzCTP, and ENBFunction. + +Figure 7.1.2.1: Extended EPC NRM Containment/Naming and Association\_2 + +## 7.3 Option 2 + +### 7.3.1 Context + +The following is a description of the context under which such pattern use is appropriate: + +- IRP Agent-A has a management scope (responsibility) over mobile and transport network resources. The mobile network resource model is developed and maintained by 3GPP/SA5 while the transport network resource model is developed and maintained by another organization. + +The approach is to use SubNetwork IOC to name-contain the transport network resource model. Using a hypothetical ATM transport network resource as an example, the ATM transport network resource model would take the place of the <>Any (of [13]). See Appendix A for ease of reference. + +### 7.3.2 Procedure + +To illustrate the use of this pattern we use a hypothetical case when UTRAN link resources [10] are supported by ATM transport services, defined by the ATM model [11] (see Appendix B), originally designed in ATM Forum but now maintained by BBF. + +- 1) Create a new TS and in this hypothetical case, the ATM NRM IRP. +- 2) In the new TS, make Import statements to import all relevant Managed Object Class (see Note) definitions and their corresponding Name Bindings found in [11], in particular, those of vcLayerNetworkDomain and vpLayerNetworkDomain. + +Note 1: The term Managed Object Class in [11] encompasses the meaning of the two terms used in IRP Framework, namely Managed Object Class and Information Object Class. + +- 3) In the new TS, declare (e.g. draw in the Class Diagram) vcLayerNetworkDomain and vpLayerNetworkDomain classes to be name-contained by SubNetwork IOC. +- 4) Make sure the ATMChannelTerminationPoint IOC of [10] has all the attributes of atmNetworkCTP MANAGED OBJECT CLASS of [11]. + +Note 2: The ATMChannelTerminationPoint IOC does not exist in current version of [10]. It will be present in future version when Option 1 (described in section 4.1 and 4.2 of [4] is implemented in [10]. + +# --- 8 Management Convergence Recommendations + +This study assumes a truly converged OSS where the silos between the management systems for the different network technologies are removed. This study looks at functionalities and use cases for a real end to end management being enabled by this architecture. The fragments investigated include Fault Management, Performance Management and Configuration Management. + +The analysed use cases show that more insight in the network performance can be gained, and that configuration processes can have more automation. This helps to reduce OPEX. + +It is hence recommended to further investigate this topic, and to specify standardized solutions in case required. + +## Annex A: Name-Containment Class diagram from TS 32.622 [12] + +Here is a class diagram extracted from [12]. + +![UML Class diagram showing Name-Containment relationships between various network management classes.](7e1c9b51e067a48cd0fcc9748d8bd8d8_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ManagementNode["<> ManagementNode"] + class SubNetwork["<> SubNetwork"] + class IRPAgent["<> IRPAgent"] + class MeContext["<> MeContext"] + class Link["<> Link"] + class ManagedElement["<> ManagedElement"] + class ManagedGenericIRP["<> ManagedGenericIRP (from32.312)"] + class ProxyClassAny1["<> Any"] + class Top["<> Top"] + class ManagedFunction["<> ManagedFunction"] + class VsDataContainer["<> VsDataContainer"] + class ProxyClassAny2["<> Any"] + class EP_RP["<> EP_RP"] + + ManagementNode "0..n" -- "1" SubNetwork : +manager + SubNetwork "0..n" -- "1" ManagementNode : +subordinate + ManagementNode "1" *-- "0..n" IRPAgent : <> + IRPAgent "0..n" -- "1" ManagementNode : <> + IRPAgent "1" *-- "1..n" ManagedGenericIRP : <> + SubNetwork "1" *-- "0..n" MeContext : <> + MeContext "0..n" -- "1" SubNetwork : <> + SubNetwork "1" *-- "0..n" Link : <> + Link "0..n" -- "1" SubNetwork : <> + SubNetwork "1" *-- "0..1" ManagedElement : <> + ManagedElement "0..n" -- "1" SubNetwork : <> + ManagedElement "1" *-- "0..n" ProxyClassAny1 : <> + ProxyClassAny1 "0..n" -- "1" ManagedElement : <> + Top "0..n" -- "1" ManagedFunction : <> + ManagedFunction "1" *-- "0..n" EP_RP : <> + EP_RP "0..n" -- "1" ManagedFunction : <> + VsDataContainer "0..n" -- "1" ManagedFunction : <> + ManagedFunction "1" *-- "0..n" VsDataContainer : <> + ProxyClassAny2 "0..n" -- "1" EP_RP : <> + EP_RP "1" *-- "0..n" ProxyClassAny2 : <> + +``` + +An optional note that captures the constraints that this Any represents. + +UML Class diagram showing Name-Containment relationships between various network management classes. + +# Annex B: Containment Diagram from M4 Network View CMIP MIB Specification + +The following is the Containment Diagram from [11]. + +### Containment Diagram + +![Containment Diagram showing the hierarchy of network objects. At the top is 'Network R1'. Below it are 'vcLayer Network Domain' and 'vpLayer Network Domain'. 'vcLayer Network Domain' contains 'atm Trail Request', 'atm Trail', 'atm Link TP', 'Alarm Severity Assgn. Profile', 'EFD', and 'log'. 'vpLayer Network Domain' contains 'atm Network TTP', 'atm Link', and 'atm Network CTP'. Below 'atm Trail Request' is 'atmSubnetwork', which contains 'atm Subnetwork Connection', 'atm Subnetwork TP', 'atm Routing Profile', and 'atm Network Traffic Descriptor Profile'. Below 'atm Network TTP' is 'atm Link Connection', which contains 'atm Network Access Profile'. Below 'atm Link Connection' is 'Managed Element R1' (bold box), which contains 'cAdaptor TTP Bid', 'vpTTP Bid', 'vcTTP Bid', 'UNI', 'vpCTP Bid', 'vcCTP Bid', 'Inter NNI', and 'Intra NNI'.](2734e7f9be3e1dc046f14be2e6c9a085_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + NetworkR1[Network R1] + vcLayer[vcLayer Network Domain] + vpLayer[vpLayer Network Domain] + atmTR[atm Trail Request] + atmT[atm Trail] + atmLT[atm Link TP] + ASAP[Alarm Severity Assgn. Profile] + EFD[EFD] + log[log] + atmNT[atm Network TTP] + atmL[atm Link] + atmNC[atm Network CTP] + atmSub[atmSubnetwork] + atmSC[atm Subnetwork Connection] + atmST[atm Subnetwork TP] + atmRP[atm Routing Profile] + ATDP[atm Network Traffic Descriptor Profile] + atmNAP[atm Network Access Profile] + atmLC[atm Link Connection] + cAdaptor[cAdaptor TTP Bid] + vpTTP[vpTTP Bid] + vcTTP[vcTTP Bid] + UNI[UNI] + vpCTP[vpCTP Bid] + vcCTP[vcCTP Bid] + InterNNI[Inter NNI] + IntraNNI[Intra NNI] + MER1[Managed Element R1] + + NetworkR1 --> vcLayer + NetworkR1 --> vpLayer + NetworkR1 --> MER1 + + vcLayer --> atmTR + vcLayer --> atmT + vcLayer --> atmLT + vcLayer --> ASAP + vcLayer --> EFD + vcLayer --> log + + vpLayer --> atmNT + vpLayer --> atmL + vpLayer --> atmNC + + atmTR --> atmSub + atmT --> atmSub + atmLT --> atmSub + ASAP --> atmSub + EFD --> atmSub + log --> atmSub + + atmSub --> atmSC + atmSub --> atmST + atmSub --> atmRP + atmSub --> ATDP + + atmNT --> atmLC + atmLC --> atmNAP + + atmLC --> cAdaptor + atmLC --> vpTTP + atmLC --> vcTTP + atmLC --> UNI + atmLC --> vpCTP + atmLC --> vcCTP + atmLC --> InterNNI + atmLC --> IntraNNI + atmLC --> MER1 + +``` + +Containment Diagram showing the hierarchy of network objects. At the top is 'Network R1'. Below it are 'vcLayer Network Domain' and 'vpLayer Network Domain'. 'vcLayer Network Domain' contains 'atm Trail Request', 'atm Trail', 'atm Link TP', 'Alarm Severity Assgn. Profile', 'EFD', and 'log'. 'vpLayer Network Domain' contains 'atm Network TTP', 'atm Link', and 'atm Network CTP'. Below 'atm Trail Request' is 'atmSubnetwork', which contains 'atm Subnetwork Connection', 'atm Subnetwork TP', 'atm Routing Profile', and 'atm Network Traffic Descriptor Profile'. Below 'atm Network TTP' is 'atm Link Connection', which contains 'atm Network Access Profile'. Below 'atm Link Connection' is 'Managed Element R1' (bold box), which contains 'cAdaptor TTP Bid', 'vpTTP Bid', 'vcTTP Bid', 'UNI', 'vpCTP Bid', 'vcCTP Bid', 'Inter NNI', and 'Intra NNI'. + +**Figure 1 Containment Diagram** + +The objects in bold boxes on the Naming Diagram above indicate objects that are defined in the M4 NE view. These objects may be included in an implementation where they are referenced from the defined M4 Network View objects described in this document, and where both the M4 NE View and the M4 Network View are supported. Implementation of both the M4 NE View and M4 Network View together represents a specific design choice. Also, implementations that provide a “stand alone” network view (no references to M4 NE + +# Annex C: Brief description of FNM + +This Annex contains extracts from section 6 of [14] that briefly highlights the FNM architecture related to models for FNM NM management. + +“ + +## 6 Elements of the FNM + +This section describes the two key elements of FNM in terms of fragment relations (6.1) and production of model definitions specifications (6.2). + +**FNM** is a Federation of Models for the purpose of End-to-End Management, consisting of an Umbrella Model and a series of Domain/Technology-specific Concrete Models. + +The **Umbrella Model** provides abstract definitions applicable across Domain/Technology-specific Concrete Models to enable end-to-end consistency of such definitions (it is described as ‘abstract’ in the sense that its components are inherited by Domain/Technology-specific Concrete Models, and that it is not designed for the purpose of partial or full instantiation of its components and therefore not sufficient to provide meaningful network management service). Domain/Technology-specific **Concrete Models** are described as ‘concrete models’ in the sense that their instantiation is necessary to provide meaningful management services. These Domain/Technology-specific Concrete Models inheriting common definitions from the Umbrella Model for the purpose of end-to-end consistency of management information semantics. In addition, these Domain/Technology-specific Concrete Models have defined relationships between each other to enable end-to-end monitoring and management of a converged network. + +## 6.1 Relations between fragments and Umbrella + +This section is a graphical representation of the FNM in terms of relation between fragments and the Umbrella. + +There are two areas under study currently: + +- The definitions of the classes inside the Umbrella. +- The definitions of relation (R0) used between various classes in fragments and the Umbrella classes. + +We aim to have identical R0 for use by all fragments. The relation is not symmetrical in that the Umbrella classes need not have knowledge of its usage by fragment classes. This would guarantee a form of consistency (e.g. resource management style, paradigm) for managing mobile managed resources, as well as other managed resources such as transport managed resources. + +![Diagram illustrating the relation between the Umbrella model and various concrete models. The Umbrella model is at the top, and five concrete models are shown below it. Arrows labeled 'R0 : Import / reference' point from each concrete model to the Umbrella model. The concrete models are: 3GPP2 Wireless NM concrete model, BBF ATM NW & device concrete model, MTOSI wireline NW concrete model, 3GPP wireless NW concrete model, and MEF MET concrete model.](62e0e858742d9a9ea4cfdc52e448e8bb_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a central 'Umbrella model' box at the top containing a network graph icon. Below it are five boxes representing different concrete models, each also containing a network graph icon. Dashed arrows labeled 'R0 : Import / reference' point from each of the five concrete models up to the Umbrella model. A vertical dashed line descends from the Umbrella model, with a small circle on it. The concrete models are labeled from left to right: '3GPP2 Wireless NM concrete model', 'BBF ATM NW & device concrete model', 'MTOSI wireline NW concrete model', '3GPP wireless NW concrete model', and 'MEF MET concrete model'. + +Diagram illustrating the relation between the Umbrella model and various concrete models. The Umbrella model is at the top, and five concrete models are shown below it. Arrows labeled 'R0 : Import / reference' point from each concrete model to the Umbrella model. The concrete models are: 3GPP2 Wireless NM concrete model, BBF ATM NW & device concrete model, MTOSI wireline NW concrete model, 3GPP wireless NW concrete model, and MEF MET concrete model. + +**Figure C.1: Relation between fragments and Umbrella** + +“ + +# --- Annex D: Network Management related TISPAN Standards + +There are activities in TISPAN for Converged Management (NGN is equivalent to converged management). The following documents provide high level definitions and scenarios documented by TISPAN. These should be treated as references as work is progressed for converged management in 3GPP. + +1. TR 188 004 is the starting point. It provides the NGN Management Vision. With the NGN network architecture and eTOM as given, it considers customer requirements, business requirements and regulatory aspects and derives a high level view on NGN management. +2. TS 188 003 provides NGN Management requirements. They are collected from a variety of sources and are consolidated into a set of unique requirements grouped into a number of classes +3. TS 188 001 specifies the NGN Management architecture. +4. TS 188 005-1 contains the requirements for the NGN Network Resource Model. -2 contains the NRM IS specification. + +All these docs are publicly available via + +## Annex E: Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|----------|----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------|---------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2010-08 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Skeleton and material from S5-102223 | -- | 0.1.0 | +| 2010-10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Updates from Converged Management Ad-Hoc | 0.1.0 | 0.2.0 | +| 2010-10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | MCC/az Clean-ups | 0.2.0 | 0.2.1 | +| 2010-12 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Additions from S5-103109 and S5-103110 (SA5#74) | 0.2.1 | 0.3.0 | +| 2011-01 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Additions from S5-110505 (SA5#75) | 0.3.0 | 0.4.0 | +| 2011-03 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Additions from S5-111201, S5-111306 (SA5#76) | 0.4.0 | 0.5.0 | +| 2011-06 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Additions from S5-112089, S5-111870, S5-111871, S5-111872 (SA5#77) | 0.5.0 | 0.6.0 | +| 2012-05 | | | | | Additions from S5-112942 and S5-112943 (agreed at SA5#79), and from S5-120657 (agreed at SA5#82) | 0.6.0 | 0.7.0 | +| 2012-05 | | | | | Some editorial changes | 0.7.0 | 0.7.1 | +| 2012-05 | | | | | Sent to SA for information | 0.7.1 | 1.0.0 | +| 2012-08 | | | | | Added Introduction, Scope and Recommendation, editorial cleanup. | 1.0.0 | 1.1.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 1.1.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32834/0bf9346902e9a3bdabf05ceacc1947f5_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32834/0bf9346902e9a3bdabf05ceacc1947f5_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2909a30bacb0a4f8362a92bec5176e1a00bafc72 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32834/0bf9346902e9a3bdabf05ceacc1947f5_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version 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| 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Abbreviations and Definitions ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 4 Inter-RAT energy saving scenarios and use cases ..... | 7 | +| 4.1 Scenarios ..... | 7 | +| 4.1.1 Involved RATs and their combinations..... | 7 | +| 4.2 OAM Architectures for Inter-RAT ESM ..... | 7 | +| 4.2.1 Introduction ..... | 7 | +| 4.2.2 NM-centralized ES architecture ..... | 8 | +| 4.2.3 EM-centralized ES architecture..... | 8 | +| 4.2.4 Distributed ES architecture..... | 9 | +| 4.3 Use cases..... | 10 | +| 4.3.1 Use case 1 Overlapping of non-collocated cells of different RATs with significantly different coverage areas..... | 10 | +| 4.3.2 Use case 2 Overlapping of collocated cells of different RATs with similar coverage area ..... | 13 | +| 4.3.3 Use case 3 Combination of collocated RAT1-RAT2 cells with non-collocated RAT2 cells..... | 14 | +| 4.3.4 Ruled out use case: Capacity limited network..... | 16 | +| 4.3.5 Constraints for use cases ..... | 16 | +| 5 OAM based Inter-RAT energy saving concepts..... | 16 | +| 5.1 Energy Saving States..... | 16 | +| 5.2 Inter-RAT ESM thresholds ..... | 17 | +| 5.3 Concept 1: Statistical ESM ..... | 17 | +| 5.3.1 General description..... | 17 | +| 5.3.2 Operator Control of Statistical ESM ..... | 18 | +| 5.4 Concept 2 Delegated ESM ..... | 18 | +| 5.4.1 General description..... | 18 | +| 5.4.2 Operator control of Delegated ESM ..... | 18 | +| 5.5 Concept 3: Load based trigger determination ..... | 18 | +| 5.6 Commonalities of concepts ..... | 19 | +| 6 OAM based Inter-RAT energy saving requirements ..... | 20 | +| 6.1 General requirements ..... | 20 | +| 6.2 Requirements for Concept 1 (Statistical ESM)..... | 20 | +| 6.3 Requirements for Concept 2 (Delegated ESM)..... | 20 | +| 6.4 Requirements for Concept 3..... | 21 | +| 7 Candidate solutions ..... | 21 | +| 7.1 General description ..... | 21 | +| 7.1.1 Re-use of E-UTRAN ESM solution for Inter-RAT ESM ..... | 21 | +| 7.1.1.1 Overview of E-UTRAN ESM solution..... | 21 | +| 7.1.1.2 Analysis of impacts to IRPs..... | 22 | +| 7.1.1.2.1 SON Policy NRM IRP ..... | 22 | +| 7.1.1.2.2 E-UTRAN NRM IRP..... | 22 | +| 7.1.1.2.3 E-UTRAN Performance Measurements..... | 22 | +| 7.1.1.2.4 List of IRPs without impact ..... | 23 | +| 7.1.1.3 Conclusion ..... | 23 | +| 7.1.1.4 Other issues..... | 23 | +| 7.1.2 Variant of re-use of E-UTRAN ESM solution for Inter-RAT ESM ..... | 23 | +| 7.1.2.1 Overview of E-UTRAN ESM solution..... | 23 | +| 7.1.2.2 Analysis of impacts to IRPs..... | 24 | +| 7.1.2.2.1 SON Policy NRM IRP ..... | 24 | +| 7.1.2.2.2 E-UTRAN NRM IRP..... | 24 | + +7.1.2.3 Conclusion ..... 24 +7.2 Mapping of solutions to concepts..... 24 +7.2.1 Mapping to concept 1 and 2 ..... 24 +7.2.2 Mapping to concept 3 ..... 24 +8 Recommended solution(s)..... 25 +9 Conclusion ..... 25 +Annex A (informative): Change history..... 26 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +Every single unused Wh may save precious resources and prevent exceeding thresholds for irreversible climate change. It also will help to lower the cost of mobile telecommunication. Therefore any efficient effort to reduce the energy consumption of mobile networks is worthwhile. OAM can contribute to these efforts through solutions that can manage underused network resources by activating or deactivating them as necessary to fulfil the service levels required by mobile network users. This activation / reactivation is not restricted to single RATs, but different RATS can work together to find the optimal balance between energy consumption and service readiness. + +Only LTE offers a possibility to directly exchange information between radio network elements (X2 interface). The other RATs in the scope of this study may not support this. Therefore OAM based methods are one possible solution for Inter-RAT Energy Saving. + +# --- 1 Scope + +General material - [2], [3] - and detailed material - [4], [5], [6] - on Energy Saving and/or its Management aspects have been created by 3GPP. The present document focuses on Inter-RAT aspects of Energy Saving, i.e. reducing the capabilities of one RAT to reduce its energy consumption while providing a back-up by another RAT. Concepts and scenarios described in [2], [3] and methods defined in [4], [5], [6] as well as additions to them are analysed to identify the most favourable management solutions in this context and their possible limitations. + +The following RATs are considered in this study: GSM, UMTS; LTE, CDMA. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TR 32.826: "Telecommunication management; Study on Energy Savings Management (ESM)". +- [3] 3GPP TR 36.927: "Potential Solutions for energy saving for E-UTRAN". +- [4] 3GPP TS 32.551: "Telecommunication management; Energy Saving Management (ESM) Concepts and requirements". +- [5] 3GPP TS 32.522: "Telecommunication management; Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 32.762: "Telecommunication management; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.500: "Telecommunication management; Self-Organizing Networks (SON); Concepts and Requirements". + +# --- 3 Abbreviations and Definitions + +## 3.1 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|-----|----------------------------------------| +| ES | Energy Saving | +| ESM | Energy Saving Management | +| OAM | Operation, Administration, Maintenance | +| RAT | Radio Access Technology | +| Wh | Watt hour (unit for energy) | + +## 3.2 Definitions + +In this document the following definitions are used: + +The term "RAT 1" signifies the RAT which provides overlay/back-up coverage. This RAT is not taking energy saving measures, i.e. be always on. + +The term "RAT 2" signifies the RAT which provides overlaid or hotspot coverage. This is the RAT where energy saving measures may take place. + +# --- 4 Inter-RAT energy saving scenarios and use cases + +## 4.1 Scenarios + +### 4.1.1 Involved RATs and their combinations + +The following RAT combinations are considered in this study: + +**Table 4.1.1-1 RAT combinations for Inter-RAT ESM** + +| RAT 1 | RAT 2 | +|------------------------|--------------| +| GSM
(see Note) | UMTS | +| GSM | LTE | +| UMTS | LTE | +| CDMA2000
(see Note) | LTE | + +NOTE: This RAT1-RAT2 combination is currently not explicitly mentioned in TR 36.927. This does not exclude an OAM based solution. + +Remark: + +WLAN was intensively discussed in the study. Currently WLAN is not considered as RAT in the Inter-RAT Energy Saving. One reason is that managed HO to/from WiFi from/to other RATs is not available in Rel-11. + +## 4.2 OAM Architectures for Inter-RAT ESM + +### 4.2.1 Introduction + +Considering inter-RAT scenarios and to align with architecture definitions in TS 32.551[4], the possible architectures for inter-RAT ESM could be: + +**Centralized ES:** ES solution where ES algorithm is executed in the OAM system. Centralized ES has two variants: + +- **NM-Centralized ES:** ES solution where ES algorithm is executed at the Network Management level. +- **EM-Centralized ES:** ES solution where ES algorithm is executed at the Element Management level. + +**Distributed ES:** ES solution where ES algorithm is executed at the Network Element level. + +The following figures illustrate how the architectures are applied in inter-RAT energy saving scenarios. In the figures, UMTS represents RAT 1 and LTE represents RAT 2 as an example. + +### 4.2.2 NM-centralized ES architecture + +![Diagram of NM-centralized ES architecture showing a Network Manager connected via Itf-N to a Management Platform. The Management Platform contains an eNodeB Element Manager and an RNC Element Manager. The eNodeB Element Manager connects to an eNodeB, and the RNC Element Manager connects to an RNC.](35a7554182eb055209552843f341a1ae_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + NM[Network Manager] -- Itf-N --> MP[Management Platform] + subgraph MP + EEM[eNodeB Element Manager] + REM[RNC Element Manager] + end + EEM --> eNB[eNodeB] + REM --> RNC[RNC] + +``` + +Diagram of NM-centralized ES architecture showing a Network Manager connected via Itf-N to a Management Platform. The Management Platform contains an eNodeB Element Manager and an RNC Element Manager. The eNodeB Element Manager connects to an eNodeB, and the RNC Element Manager connects to an RNC. + +Figure 4.2-1 NM-centralized ES architecture + +As shown in figure 4.2-1, the inter-RAT ES algorithm is located in the Network Manager (the blue block). The Network Manager collects information from both the Element Manager of eNodeB (for LTE) and the Element Manager of RNC (for UMTS) as the input of its algorithm for trigger mechanism of energy saving procedures (energy saving activation or energy saving deactivation). The information mainly includes statistical PM information, such as cell load of each involved cell in inter-RAT energy saving. The Network Manager directly initiates energy saving procedures over Itf-N. There's no signalling interaction between two inter-RAT network elements, such as eNB and RNC. + +### 4.2.3 EM-centralized ES architecture + +![Diagram of EM-centralized ES architecture featuring a Network Manager connected via Itf-N to a Domain Manager for LTE and UMTS. The Domain Manager connects directly to both an eNodeB and an RNC.](e1a0d046fbe7f28f5e93a47091851747_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + NM[Network Manager] -- Itf-N --> DM[Domain Manager for LTE and UMTS] + DM --> eNB[eNodeB] + DM --> RNC[RNC] + +``` + +Diagram of EM-centralized ES architecture featuring a Network Manager connected via Itf-N to a Domain Manager for LTE and UMTS. The Domain Manager connects directly to both an eNodeB and an RNC. + +Figure 4.2-2 EM-centralized ES architecture, two-RAT-capable Domain Manager + +![Diagram of EM-centralized ES architecture using Itf-P2P. A Network Manager connects via Itf-N to a Management Platform. Inside the platform, an eNodeB Element Manager and an RNC Element Manager are connected by an Itf-P2P interface. They connect to an eNodeB and an RNC respectively.](7affafe7362a2d2d072e9d4bf515f0bb_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + NM[Network Manager] -- Itf-N --> MP[Management Platform] + subgraph MP + EEM[eNodeB Element Manager] + REM[RNC Element Manager] + EEM -- Itf-P2P --> REM + end + EEM --> eNB[eNodeB] + REM --> RNC[RNC] + +``` + +Diagram of EM-centralized ES architecture using Itf-P2P. A Network Manager connects via Itf-N to a Management Platform. Inside the platform, an eNodeB Element Manager and an RNC Element Manager are connected by an Itf-P2P interface. They connect to an eNodeB and an RNC respectively. + +Figure 4.2-3 EM-centralized ES architecture using Itf-P2P for information exchange between Element Managers + +![Figure 4.2-4: EM-centralized ES architecture using Itf-N for information exchange between Element Managers. The diagram shows a Network Manager at the top connected via Itf-N to a Management Platform. Inside the Management Platform are two Element Managers: eNodeB Element Manager and RNC Element Manager. The eNodeB Element Manager is connected to an eNodeB, and the RNC Element Manager is connected to an RNC.](b3baf3a29b67c7425d2562ddbc52f0cc_img.jpg) + +``` + + graph TD + NM[Network Manager] -- Itf-N --- MP + subgraph MP [Management Platform] + EEM[eNodeB Element Manager] + REM[RNC Element Manager] + end + EEM --- eNB[eNodeB] + REM --- RNC[RNC] + classDef blue fill:#6699ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px; + class EEM,REM blue; + +``` + +Figure 4.2-4: EM-centralized ES architecture using Itf-N for information exchange between Element Managers. The diagram shows a Network Manager at the top connected via Itf-N to a Management Platform. Inside the Management Platform are two Element Managers: eNodeB Element Manager and RNC Element Manager. The eNodeB Element Manager is connected to an eNodeB, and the RNC Element Manager is connected to an RNC. + +**Figure 4.2-4 EM-centralized ES architecture using Itf-N for information exchange between Element Managers** + +As shown in figure 4.2-2, 4.2-3, 4.2-4, the inter-RAT ES algorithm is located in the layer of Element or Domain Manager(s) (the blue block). The Network Manager configures ES policies as one source of the input of Element/Domain Manager's algorithm, such as load thresholds for energy saving activation, load threshold for energy saving deactivation. On the other hand, Element/Domain Manager collects information from the underlying network elements in its domain as another source of the input to its algorithm for trigger mechanism of energy saving procedures. The information may include statistical PM information or cell load. The Element/Domain Manager directly initiates energy saving procedures to the underlying network elements. There's no signalling interaction between two inter-RAT network elements, such as eNB and RNC. + +There are three options for EM-centralized ES architecture to manage inter-RAT energy saving: + +Option 1: As shown in figure 4.2-2, one Domain Manager is capable of managing network elements of two RATs. + +Option 2: As shown in figure 4.2-3, Itf-P2P may be enhanced to exchange information between Element Managers of the two RATs. + +Option 3: As shown in figure 4.2-4, Element Managers of the two RATs exchange information via Network Manager (over Itf-N). + +### 4.2.4 Distributed ES architecture + +![Figure 4.2-5: Distributed ES architecture. The diagram shows a Network Manager at the top connected via Itf-N to a Management Platform. Inside the Management Platform are two Element Managers: eNodeB Element Manager and RNC Element Manager. The eNodeB Element Manager is connected to an eNodeB, and the RNC Element Manager is connected to an RNC. The eNodeB and RNC are connected to each other via an Inter-RAT Signaling Process.](0bf9346902e9a3bdabf05ceacc1947f5_img.jpg) + +``` + + graph TD + NM[Network Manager] -- Itf-N --- MP + subgraph MP [Management Platform] + EEM[eNodeB Element Manager] + REM[RNC Element Manager] + end + EEM --- eNB[eNodeB] + REM --- RNC[RNC] + eNB --- ISP[Inter-RAT Signaling Process] --- RNC + classDef blue fill:#6699ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px; + class eNB,RNC blue; + +``` + +Figure 4.2-5: Distributed ES architecture. The diagram shows a Network Manager at the top connected via Itf-N to a Management Platform. Inside the Management Platform are two Element Managers: eNodeB Element Manager and RNC Element Manager. The eNodeB Element Manager is connected to an eNodeB, and the RNC Element Manager is connected to an RNC. The eNodeB and RNC are connected to each other via an Inter-RAT Signaling Process. + +**Figure 4.2-5 Distributed ES architecture** + +As shown in figure 4.2-5, the inter-RAT ES algorithm is located in the network elements from different RATs (the blue block), such as eNodeB for LTE and RNC for UMTS. The Network Manager configures ES policies (via the Element Manager) as one source of the input of the NE's algorithm, such as load thresholds for energy saving activation, load threshold for energy saving deactivation. On the other hand, the NEs from different RATs monitor their own cell load and exchange load status to each other via inter-RAT signalling prrocess, such as RIM (RAN Information Management) based procedure. The monitored load information is used by the NE as another source of the input to its algorithm for trigger mechanism of energy saving measures. Distributed architecture aligns with signalling based solution in TR 36.927 [3]. + +Which out of these are applicable for Inter-RAT energy saving is FFS. + +## 4.3 Use cases + +### 4.3.1 Use case 1 Overlapping of non-collocated cells of different RATs with significantly different coverage areas + +RAT1 cell provides a basic coverage while RAT 2 cell provides additional capacity and/or different services/service quality at specific locations (“hotspots”). The coverage area of RAT 2 cell is usually significantly smaller than the coverage area of RAT 1 cell. RAT 1 cell fully covers RAT 2 cell. The locations of the antennas of RAT 1 and 2 are not the same. + +The RAT 2 can consist of single cells – see figure 4.3.1-1 – and/or a group of cells – see figure 4.3.1-2. + +A RAT 2 cell may be overlaid by one RAT 1 cell – like the left part in figure 4.3.1-1 - or by multiple RAT 1 cells – like the middle part in figure 4.3.1-1. + +![Diagram illustrating the overlapping of non-collocated cells of different RATs. It shows two large hatched ellipses representing RAT 1 cells, each with a base station icon. Inside the left RAT 1 cell is a small yellow ellipse (RAT 2 cell) with its own base station. Inside the right RAT 1 cell is another small yellow ellipse (RAT 2 cell) with its base station. A legend on the right shows a hatched ellipse for 'RAT 1 cell', a yellow ellipse for 'RAT 2 cell', and a base station icon for 'Base Station'.](54fabc351eda5228d2fa28cd9ba07971_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the overlapping of non-collocated cells of different RATs. It shows two large hatched ellipses representing RAT 1 cells, each with a base station icon. Inside the left RAT 1 cell is a small yellow ellipse (RAT 2 cell) with its own base station. Inside the right RAT 1 cell is another small yellow ellipse (RAT 2 cell) with its base station. A legend on the right shows a hatched ellipse for 'RAT 1 cell', a yellow ellipse for 'RAT 2 cell', and a base station icon for 'Base Station'. + +Figure 4.3.1-1 + +![Diagram illustrating the overlapping of non-collocated cells of different RATs. It shows two large hatched ellipses representing RAT 1 cells, each with a base station icon. Inside the left RAT 1 cell is a small yellow ellipse (RAT 2 cell) with its base station. Inside the right RAT 1 cell are three small yellow ellipses (RAT 2 cells), each with its own base station. A legend on the right shows a hatched ellipse for 'RAT 1 cell', a yellow ellipse for 'RAT 2 cell', and a base station icon for 'Base Station'.](b0211cee4b20034939d883ac0d70f696_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the overlapping of non-collocated cells of different RATs. It shows two large hatched ellipses representing RAT 1 cells, each with a base station icon. Inside the left RAT 1 cell is a small yellow ellipse (RAT 2 cell) with its base station. Inside the right RAT 1 cell are three small yellow ellipses (RAT 2 cells), each with its own base station. A legend on the right shows a hatched ellipse for 'RAT 1 cell', a yellow ellipse for 'RAT 2 cell', and a base station icon for 'Base Station'. + +Figure 4.3.1-2 + +In case RAT2 is LTE and the cells can overlap, both the LTE Energy Saving function and the inter-RAT Energy Saving function can be executed. Figures 4.3.1-4, 4.3.1-5 show the two possible steps: + +Step 1) LTE Energy Saving is activated. In this case some LTE cells are turned off and another LTE cell enters into compensation mode (see 32.551). The Inter-RAT energy saving is not enforced. The LTE in compensation mode guarantees LTE coverage. + +Step 2) Inter-RAT Energy Saving is activated. In this case one or more LTE cells are turned off and the RAT1 cell guarantees radio coverage. The LTE coverage is not guaranteed in this case. + +These two steps can be done individually or consecutively where step 1 precedes step 2. + +![Figure 4.3.1-3: No ES. Diagram showing two overlapping RAT 1 cells (hatched ovals) and three RAT 2 cells (yellow ovals) within the right RAT 1 cell. Base stations are shown for each RAT 1 cell and each RAT 2 cell. A legend indicates: Base Station (radio tower icon), RAT 1 cell (hatched oval), and RAT 2 cell (yellow oval).](8e14350b4b669119a3bdfca7869110ca_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.3.1-3: No ES. Diagram showing two overlapping RAT 1 cells (hatched ovals) and three RAT 2 cells (yellow ovals) within the right RAT 1 cell. Base stations are shown for each RAT 1 cell and each RAT 2 cell. A legend indicates: Base Station (radio tower icon), RAT 1 cell (hatched oval), and RAT 2 cell (yellow oval). + +Figure 4.3.1-3 No ES + +Figure 4.3.1-3 shows the starting situation. + +![Figure 4.3.1-4: LTE (Intra-RAT2) ES. Diagram showing the same setup as Figure 4.3.1-3, but one of the RAT 2 cells is now empty, representing an energy saving state. The legend indicates: Base Station (off / on) (radio tower icons), RAT 1 cell (hatched oval), and RAT 2 cell (yellow oval).](18442e4e239480f0c3c95b547aa8fde2_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.3.1-4: LTE (Intra-RAT2) ES. Diagram showing the same setup as Figure 4.3.1-3, but one of the RAT 2 cells is now empty, representing an energy saving state. The legend indicates: Base Station (off / on) (radio tower icons), RAT 1 cell (hatched oval), and RAT 2 cell (yellow oval). + +Figure 4.3.1-4 LTE (Intra-RAT2) ES + +![Diagram illustrating Inter-RAT ES with all RAT2 cells off. It shows two overlapping cells: RAT 1 cell (hatched oval) and RAT 2 cell (solid yellow oval). Two large purple base stations are shown, one on the left and one on the right. The RAT 1 cell is active, while the RAT 2 cell is dormant. A legend indicates that a small base station icon represents a Base Station (off/on), a hatched oval represents a RAT 1 cell, and a solid yellow oval represents a RAT 2 cell.](27b06ec9f42b5d727a2630f61a5f1861_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating Inter-RAT ES with all RAT2 cells off. It shows two overlapping cells: RAT 1 cell (hatched oval) and RAT 2 cell (solid yellow oval). Two large purple base stations are shown, one on the left and one on the right. The RAT 1 cell is active, while the RAT 2 cell is dormant. A legend indicates that a small base station icon represents a Base Station (off/on), a hatched oval represents a RAT 1 cell, and a solid yellow oval represents a RAT 2 cell. + +**Figure 4.3.1-5 Inter-RAT ES- all RAT2 cells off** + +Since energy saving can take place at inter-RAT level or at LTE level, it is necessary to define which energy saving solution will be executed. It is recommended that the execution prioritization between Intra-RAT and inter-RAT ES is controlled by an operator-defined policy. + +The policy can e.g. be defined by suitable load thresholds Thr1 and Thr2 as follows: + +1. When intra-RAT ES is prioritized, if RAT2 load in a cell drops below Thr1 the RAT2 cell is sent to dormant state and another RAT2 cell(s) is(are) compensating , If the RAT2 load decreases further below Thr2 ( $< \text{Thr1}$ ) also the compensating RAT2 cell(s) is(are) turned to dormant. +2. When inter-RAT ES is prioritized, a RAT2 cell is directly sent to dormant when threshold Thr2 ( $> \text{Thr1}$ or Thr1 is disabled) is crossed. No compensation from RAT2 cells is triggered. + +### 4.3.2 Use case 2 Overlapping of collocated cells of different RATs with similar coverage area + +In this use case two RATs provide approximately the same coverage area. The different RATs may be used to provide different services or service qualities. The locations of the antennas of RAT 1 and 2 are almost the same, e.g. are mounted on the same tower. + +![Figure 4.3.2-1: Diagram showing two overlapping RAT 1 cells (hatched) and two overlapping RAT 2 cells (yellow) connected by a central base station icon. A legend below indicates that the hatched oval represents a 'RAT 1 cell' and the yellow oval represents a 'RAT 2 cell'.](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.3.2-1: Diagram showing two overlapping RAT 1 cells (hatched) and two overlapping RAT 2 cells (yellow) connected by a central base station icon. A legend below indicates that the hatched oval represents a 'RAT 1 cell' and the yellow oval represents a 'RAT 2 cell'. + +**Figure 4.3.2-1** + +In case RAT1 is LTE and the cells can overlap, both the LTE Energy Saving function and the inter-RAT Energy Saving function can be executed. Figure 4.3.2-2 shows the two alternative mechanisms: + +- 1) LTE Energy Saving is activated. In this case one LTE cells is turned off and another LTE cell enters into compensation mode (see 32.551). The Inter-RAT energy saving is not enforced. The LTE in compensation mode guarantees LTE coverage. +- 2) Intra-RAT Energy Saving is activated. In this case one LTE cell is turned off and the RAT2 cell guarantees radio coverage. The LTE Energy saving is not enforced. The LTE coverage is not guaranteed in this case. + +![Figure 4.3.2-2: Diagram illustrating three energy saving scenarios for a row of four base stations. Each base station has a red RAT 1 cell and a yellow RAT 2 cell. The top row, labeled 'Non ES', shows all four base stations active. The middle row, labeled 'Alternative 1', shows the second base station's red RAT 1 cell turned off, with the third base station's red RAT 1 cell acting as a compensating cell. The bottom row, labeled 'Alternative 2', shows the second base station's red RAT 1 cell turned off, and its coverage provided by the yellow RAT 2 cell of the third base station.](3ad00ce93ad9dea9ee0f47535e5355e6_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.3.2-2: Diagram illustrating three energy saving scenarios for a row of four base stations. Each base station has a red RAT 1 cell and a yellow RAT 2 cell. The top row, labeled 'Non ES', shows all four base stations active. The middle row, labeled 'Alternative 1', shows the second base station's red RAT 1 cell turned off, with the third base station's red RAT 1 cell acting as a compensating cell. The bottom row, labeled 'Alternative 2', shows the second base station's red RAT 1 cell turned off, and its coverage provided by the yellow RAT 2 cell of the third base station. + +**Figure 4.3.2-2** + +Since energy saving can take place at inter-RAT level or at LTE level, it is necessary to define which energy saving solution will be executed. It is recommended that the execution prioritization between Intra-RAT and inter-RAT ES is controlled by an operator-defined policy. + +The policy can e.g. be defined by suitable load thresholds: + +When intra-RAT ES is prioritized, at one threshold value the relevant RAT2 cell is sent to dormant state and another one is compensating, and at a lower threshold value also the compensating cell is turned to dormant or reconfigured to stop compensating. + +When inter-RAT ES is prioritized, the RAT2 cell is directly sent to dormant without another RAT2 cell having been compensating. + +### 4.3.3 Use case 3 Combination of collocated RAT1-RAT2 cells with non-collocated RAT2 cells + +In this use case two RATs provide approximately the same coverage area, but in RAT2 additional cells provide additional capacity and/or different services/service quality at specific locations (“hotspots”). + +The RAT 2 hotspots can consist of single cells and/or a group of cells. + +![Diagram illustrating the combination of collocated RAT1-RAT2 cells with non-collocated RAT2 cells. The diagram shows two large ellipses representing RAT1 cells (hatched pattern) and two smaller ellipses representing RAT2 cells (solid yellow). The RAT1 cells are collocated, sharing a common base station tower. The RAT2 cells are non-collocated, with one RAT2 cell located within the coverage area of one of the RAT1 cells, and another RAT2 cell located within the coverage area of the other RAT1 cell. A legend at the bottom identifies the hatched ellipse as 'RAT 1 cell' and the solid yellow ellipse as 'RAT 2 cell'.](1b5a812c8aa20fd5cba28e97001d32de_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows two large ellipses representing RAT1 cells (hatched pattern) and two smaller ellipses representing RAT2 cells (solid yellow). The RAT1 cells are collocated, sharing a common base station tower. The RAT2 cells are non-collocated, with one RAT2 cell located within the coverage area of one of the RAT1 cells, and another RAT2 cell located within the coverage area of the other RAT1 cell. A legend at the bottom identifies the hatched ellipse as 'RAT 1 cell' and the solid yellow ellipse as 'RAT 2 cell'. + +Diagram illustrating the combination of collocated RAT1-RAT2 cells with non-collocated RAT2 cells. The diagram shows two large ellipses representing RAT1 cells (hatched pattern) and two smaller ellipses representing RAT2 cells (solid yellow). The RAT1 cells are collocated, sharing a common base station tower. The RAT2 cells are non-collocated, with one RAT2 cell located within the coverage area of one of the RAT1 cells, and another RAT2 cell located within the coverage area of the other RAT1 cell. A legend at the bottom identifies the hatched ellipse as 'RAT 1 cell' and the solid yellow ellipse as 'RAT 2 cell'. + +**Figure 4.3.3-1** + +In case RAT2 is LTE and the cells can overlap, both the LTE Energy Saving function and the inter-RAT Energy Saving function can be executed. Figures 4.3.3-2, 4.3.3-3 show the two alternative mechanisms: + +- 1) LTE Energy Saving is activated. In this case the hotspot LTE cells are turned off, coverage LTE cell compensates (usually without reconfiguration) and guarantees LTE coverage. The Inter-RAT energy saving is not enforced. +- 2) Inter-RAT Energy Saving is activated. In this case all LTE cells are turned off and the RAT1 cell guarantees radio coverage. The LTE Energy saving is not enforced. The LTE coverage is not guaranteed in this case. + +![Diagram of Intra-RAT2 ES showing two RAT 1 cells (hatched) and two RAT 2 cells (yellow). One RAT 2 cell is active with a hotspot icon, and the other is not active. A legend indicates RAT 1 cell (hatched), RAT 2 cell (yellow), and Not active hotspot (dormant icon).](7efae06af3af43ffe5d4b956a679cf54_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates Intra-RAT2 ES. It shows two RAT 1 cells (hatched ovals) and two RAT 2 cells (yellow ovals). One RAT 2 cell is active, indicated by a hotspot icon (a small tower with signal waves). The other RAT 2 cell is not active, indicated by a dormant icon (a small tower with no signal waves). A legend below the diagram shows a hatched oval labeled 'RAT 1 cell', a yellow oval labeled 'RAT 2 cell', and a dormant icon labeled 'Not active hotspot'. + +Diagram of Intra-RAT2 ES showing two RAT 1 cells (hatched) and two RAT 2 cells (yellow). One RAT 2 cell is active with a hotspot icon, and the other is not active. A legend indicates RAT 1 cell (hatched), RAT 2 cell (yellow), and Not active hotspot (dormant icon). + +Figure 4.3.3-2 Intra-RAT2 ES + +![Diagram of Inter-RAT ES showing two RAT 1 cells (hatched) and two RAT 2 cells (one yellow, one grey). One RAT 2 cell is active with a hotspot icon, and the other is not active. A legend indicates RAT 1 cell (hatched), RAT 2 cell, not active (grey), and Not active hotspot (dormant icon).](9b6b5924b48bf2fd5f347f88f06f45b3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates Inter-RAT ES. It shows two RAT 1 cells (hatched ovals) and two RAT 2 cells. One RAT 2 cell is active, indicated by a hotspot icon (a small tower with signal waves). The other RAT 2 cell is not active, indicated by a grey oval. A legend below the diagram shows a hatched oval labeled 'RAT 1 cell', a grey oval labeled 'RAT 2 cell, not active', and a dormant icon labeled 'Not active hotspot'. + +Diagram of Inter-RAT ES showing two RAT 1 cells (hatched) and two RAT 2 cells (one yellow, one grey). One RAT 2 cell is active with a hotspot icon, and the other is not active. A legend indicates RAT 1 cell (hatched), RAT 2 cell, not active (grey), and Not active hotspot (dormant icon). + +Figure 4.3.3-3 Inter-RAT ES + +Remark: The situation shown in figure 4.3.3-3 can also be reached after the situation shown in figure 4.3.3-2 had been present. + +Since energy saving can take place at inter-RAT level or at LTE level, it is necessary to define which energy saving solution will be executed. It is recommended that the execution prioritization between Intra-RAT and inter-RAT ES is controlled by an operator-defined policy. + +The policy can e.g. be defined by suitable load thresholds, which compared to current 32.522 need an extension to distinguish between a threshold which sends a cell to dormant state AND brings (an)other cell(s) to perform intra-RAT ES compensation and a threshold which only sends a cell to dormant without triggering compensation. + +When intra-RAT ES is prioritized, at one threshold value a hotspot RAT2 cell is sent to dormant state and another one RAT2 cell is compensating, and at a lower threshold value also the RAT2 coverage cell is turned to dormant. + +When inter-RAT ES is prioritized, all RAT2 cells are directly sent to dormant when a threshold is crossed. + +### 4.3.4 Ruled out use case: Capacity limited network + +TS 32.551 [4] has a use case capacity limited network, where the coverage of energy saving cells is taken by neighbour cells whose coverage area before had been limited by signal strength of the formerly active cell. This use case does not apply for Inter-RAT ESM, because the different frequencies used do not result in such an almost automatic coverage mechanism. + +### 4.3.5 Constraints for use cases + +The following considerations must be taken into account: + +If a UE does not support RAT 1, energy saving measures of RAT 2 may result in a loss of service for that UE. + +If a UE is located in an area, where RAT 2 cell provides coverage, but the signal of RAT 1 cell is very weak, energy saving measures of RAT 2 cell may result in a loss of service for that UE. + +The difference in service quality between RAT 1 and RAT 2 may be such that the customer experience during energy saving may be degraded. + +# --- 5 OAM based Inter-RAT energy saving concepts + +## 5.1 Energy Saving States + +The following criteria are generally used to evaluate the states of energy saving: + +Criterion 1: Degree of energy saving effect + +Criterion 2: Controllability from the network + +Criterion 3: Service availability + +The following energy saving states of a cell or a network element defined in 3GPP TS 32.551 [4] are identified to be re-used for Inter-RAT ESM: + +Conceptually, a cell or a network element may be on one of these two states with respect to energy saving: + +- notEnergySaving state +- energySaving state + +Table 5.1-1 shows the above criteria applied to these states. + +Based on the above energy saving states, a full energy saving solution includes two elementary procedures: + +- Energy saving activation (change from notEnergySaving to energySaving state) +- Energy saving deactivation (change from energySaving to notEnergySaving state) + +**Table 5.1-1 Criteria for energy saving state** + +| Criterion | notEnergySaving state | energySaving state | +|----------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Degree of energy saving effect | The cell in notEnergySaving state will not consider energy saving as the first priority, but it is left to the vendor implementation how to minimize energy consumption while providing service availability. This minimization may include switching off hardware elements. | The energySaving state represents the maximum energy saving effect on the cell level. Hardware components shall be switched off for energy saving purpose as far as possible. Which hardware components are switched off is an issue specific to NE implementation. | +| Controllability from the network | The cell in notEnergySaving state is under control of the network. Therefore, network interface as X2/S1 and OAM connection shall be enabled when the cell is in notEnergySaving state. | The cell in energySaving shall support the capability to be switched on again by the network, such as by its neighboring cells (eNBs) or the OAM system. Therefore, a network interface such as X2/S1 or the OAM connection shall be enabled when the cell is in energySaving state. | +| Service availability | The cell in notEnergySaving state should provide complete service to UEs in the coverage area of a cell. From the view of such an UE, the cell in notEnergySaving state is visible when the UE scans all RF channels according to its capabilities. | The cell in energySaving state does not provide any service to UEs. From the view of an UE, a cell in energySaving state is not visible.. | + +When a cell is in energySaving state it may be needed that neighboring cells pick up the load. However a cell in energySaving state cannot cause coverage holes or create undue load on the surrounding cells. All traffic on that cell is expected to be drained to other overlaid/umbrella cells before any cells moves to energySaving state. + +A cell in energySaving state is not considered a cell outage or a fault condition. No alarms should be raised to the IRPManager for any condition that is a consequence of a NE moving into energySaving state. + +These energy saving states are valid for all architectures. + +The following energy saving state of a cell or a network element defined in 32.551 is identified to be not re-used for Inter-RAT ESM: + +“compensatingForEnergySaving”. + +Reason: This state is only valid for capacity-limited use cases, and therefore this concept is not considered in this study. + +The introduction of additional energy saving levels, e.g. a stand-by mode where the radio part of an eNB keeps active, is FFS. + +## 5.2 Inter-RAT ESM thresholds + +For Intra-RAT ESM 3GPP TS 32.522 [5] defines in IOC ESPolicies thresholds to be taken into account for activating and deactivating energy saving in a network element. ESPolicies instances can be contained under IOC instances Subnetwork or ENBFunction or EUTranGenericCell. + +This modelling needs to be adapted for Inter-RAT ESM: + +- Thresholds need to be defined for the different RATs differently. +- To prioritize Inter-RAT ESM thresholds need to be defined to send a RAT2 cell to compensating mode. + +## 5.3 Concept 1: Statistical ESM + +### 5.3.1 General description + +To prepare energy saving activities load measurements are done for a significant time duration (typically a few weeks) in a BTS/eNB and cell specific way. Also other information like traffic measurements can be gathered as e.g. typical terminal capabilities (support of RATs) in a cell. + +Remark: Which other measurements are used here is FFS. + +These measurements deliver statistical data about the typical load situation during the day or the week, the presence of users and other data relevant for an energy saving decision. + +Based on the analysis of the data time periods per BTS/eNB and per cell are identified when energy saving measures are possible. These time periods are used to activate/deactivate energy saving measures. + +Further measurements are done to supervise the effects of the energy saving measures. This includes e.g. measurements about the load situation in RAT1. + +Ahead of schedule reactivation of energy saving network elements may be needed by a network operator. It can be triggered when significant deviations from the statistics appear, e.g. based on load indicators of RAT1. + +Statistical ESM applies for NM centralized ESM architecture. + +### 5.3.2 Operator Control of Statistical ESM + +In Statistical ESM the network operator + +- activates via OAM the energy saving of a network element (according to the determined schedule) +- configures via OAM trigger points (e.g. load threshold crossing) when it wants to be notified +- deactivates via OAM the energy saving of a network element. This is done at the – planned or ahead of schedule - end of an interval suitable for energy saving. + +## 5.4 Concept 2 Delegated ESM + +### 5.4.1 General description + +In this energy saving concept the decisions about energy saving measures are taken by ESM functionality below Itf-N. The network operator provides the basic information needed for the ESM functionality to decide about energy saving measures. + +This ESM concept applies to the EM-centralized OAM and distributed architecture for Inter-RAT ESM. + +### 5.4.2 Operator control of Delegated ESM + +In Delegated ESM the network operator can set policies for: + +- Time period, during which energy saving is allowed +- Which cells of different RATs are to be considered when a ES decision is made + +Load thresholds to be considered for energy saving decisions + +- Which of the RATs present should be “ramped down” first, which second ... +- If the preference of the network operator is energy efficiency or service availability and/or quality of service or a compromise between these aspects. + +Based on this information, potentially further information – e.g. the operational status of the candidate cell to take over - and the load in the network the ESM function controls the energy saving measures in the network elements. The network operator is informed about configuration changes which are triggered by the ESM function. + +## 5.5 Concept 3: Load based trigger determination + +Statistical ESM concept uses the statistics of traffic load (load measurements) in BTS/NB/eNB over a period of time to determine the time interval of energy saving activation or deactivation, based on certain load thresholds. Delegated ESM uses load threshold to decide on ESM actions. + +Considering the service/QoS differentiation between RAT 1 (e.g. GSM, UMTS) and RAT 2 (e.g. LTE), when activating energy saving measures, the trigger mechanism of load threshold is enhanced by additional information to determine whether the traffic load in RAT 2 cell can be carried in the backup RAT 1 cell. + +RAT 2 cell can enter the energy saving state only if it is determined that the service impact is acceptable to RAT 2 subscribers according to the policy from the operator. + +The following shows an example of inter-RAT energy saving activation. + +- RAT 2 cell could perform the energy saving measures at the time determined by the statistical load measurements or by crossing t he relevant threshold. +- RAT 2 cell uses additional information to determine the impact to UE services. For example: + - o The number of UEs attached to such RAT 2 cell (with RRC state = RRC\_CONNECTED), to determine if RAT 2 cell can enter the energy saving state according to the operator policy. If the number of UEs attached to the RAT 2 cell is lower than the one specified in operator’s policy, it means that the service impact is acceptable. Therefore RAT 2 cell can start the energy saving measures and enter energySaving state. + - o The ISR (Idle mode Signalling Reduction) state of idle mode UEs that are camped on the RAT 2 cell. If the ISR is activated on the UE, it means that the UE is registered with both MME and SGSN. When the RAT 2 cell is switched off, the UE is still registered at the GERAN/UTRAN cell that continues to provide UE services. If the ISR is deactivated on an UE, it means that the idle mode UE is registered with MME in E-UTRAN only. When the RAT 2 cell is switched off, the idle mode UE is in the EMM\_DEREGISTERED state, and can’t no longer receive services. Therefore, the ISR activation / deactivation state of the UE can be used as the measurement to determine if the UE service impact is acceptable or not if the RAT 2 cell is switched off. If the number of UEs which are camping on the RAT 2 and have ISR deactivated, is lower than the one specified in operator’s policy, it means that the service impact is acceptable. Therefore RAT 2 cell can start the energy saving measures and enter energySaving state. + +Note the ISR state of idle mode UEs is based on the following assumption for the UE: + +- a) During the off-peak hours, most UE are in the idle mode. + - b) During the off-peak hours, most UE are stationary, and should be camped on the same eNB as the one when they enter the idle mode last time. + - c) The UEs are camped on both E-UTRAN and GERAN/UTRAN, and should be in the EMM\_REGISTERED state, so it can be paged for downlink messages from E-UTRAN and GERAN/UTRAN. + - d) ISR is supported. +- o The impact of energy saving activation on service quality may be considered before the energy saving activation is performed. If and by which method this can be achieved is FFS. + +When deactivating energy saving measures, it’s also necessary to identify whether the increased load in RAT 1 cell can potentially be transferred to RAT 2 cell. A check should be done, if the UEs of RAT 1 cell which are candidates for handover to RAT 2 cell are RAT 2 capable. If so, RAN 1 cell should wake up the energySaving RAT 2 cell as soon as possible. + +Which information could be used for this load based trigger determination is FFS. + +Which information is suitable for operator policies in this context is FFS + +## 5.6 Commonalities of concepts + +The concept 3 (load based trigger determination) can be applied as an addition to concept 2 (Delegated ESM). + +# --- 6 OAM based Inter-RAT energy saving requirements + +## 6.1 General requirements + +The following requirements apply to inter-RAT energy saving use case. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-01 + +The operator shall be able to monitor to what extent the network and the user service quality of RAT 2 are affected by inter-RAT energy saving function. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-02 + +When a RAT 2 NE is in energySaving state, it shall not be considered as a fault, and no alarm shall be raised to the operator for any condition that is a consequence of an energy saving RAT 2 NE. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-03 + +A RAT 2 cell or a network element in energySaving state is a planned condition and should not be considered as an outage. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-04 + +The operator shall be able to query which cells within RAT 2 are in energySaving state. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-05 + +The operator shall be notified when a RAT 2 cell fails to re-start as a result of going out of energySaving state. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-06 + +A RAT 2 cell must not go into energySaving state until emergency calls or Wireless Priority Service calls in the cell are completed. Forcing handovers of such calls because of inter-RAT ES shall be avoided. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-07 + +Inter-RAT ESM shall not prevent the fulfillment of emergency service requirements (e.g. E911) and Wireless Priority Services requirements. + +## 6.2 Requirements for Concept 1 (Statistical ESM) + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C1-01 + +The operator shall be able to initiate energy saving activation/deactivation on one or multiple RAT 2 cells or network elements in the network. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C1-02: + +The IRPAgent shall inform the IRPManager when the actual traffic deviates from a configured range. + +Note: the actual definition of traffic and its range is for further study. + +## 6.3 Requirements for Concept 2 (Delegated ESM) + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C2-01 + +The IRPAgent should support a capability allowing the the IRPManager to configure one or more related RAT1 cells as the candidate cell(s) to take over the coverage when the RAT2 cell is performing energy saving. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C2-02: + +The IRPAgent should support a capability allowing the IRPManager to configure the time period during which inter-RAT energy saving is allowed. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C2-03: + +The IRPAgent should support a capability allowing the IRPManager to configure a traffic threshold of RAT2 and a time duration: If the traffic in the RAT2 cell is below this threshold longer than this time duration, then the RAT2 cell is allowed to activate energy saving. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C2-04: + +The IRPAgent should support a capability allowing the IRPManager to configure a traffic threshold and a time duration: If the traffic in the back-up RAT1 cell(s) is above this threshold longer than this time, then the energy saving RAT2 cell is allowed to deactivate energy saving. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C2-05 + +If the IRPAgent has no direct access to outage information about RAT1 cells, then the IRPManager should be able to indicate cell outage of a RAT 1 cell that is a candidate cell that can take over the coverage for RAT 2 cell. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C2-06 + +The IRPManager shall be able to define the outage of which RAT1 cells shall end and prohibit energy saving activation of which RAT2 cells. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C2-07 + +The operator shall be able to enable and disable inter-RAT energy saving for a selected part of the network. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C2-08 + +The operator shall be able to define a list of cells to prevent them from going into energySaving state. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C2-09 + +The operator shall be notified when a RAT 2 cell goes into or out of energySaving state. + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C2-10: + +The IRPAgent shall support a capability for the IRPManager to set a traffic threshold whose crossing triggers energy saving activation in one or several RAT2 cell(s) and compensation configuration of one or more other RAT2 cell(s). + +## 6.4 Requirements for Concept 3 + +### REQ-32.834-CON-C3-01 + +The IRPAgent should support a capability allowing the IRPManager to configure thresholds (e.g. the number of UEs actively connected to RAT 2 cell) which reflect the acceptable service impact for RAT 2 cell. + +Note: Other thresholds which reflect the acceptable service impact for RAT 2 cell are FFS. + +# --- 7 Candidate solutions + +## 7.1 General description + +### 7.1.1 Re-use of E-UTRAN ESM solution for Inter-RAT ESM + +#### 7.1.1.1 Overview of E-UTRAN ESM solution + +According to TS 32.103, E-UTRAN Energy Saving Management is implemented in the following IRPs + +- PM IRP (32.41x) +- File Transfer IRP (for PM data upload) (32.34x) +- Basic CM IRP (32.60x) or Bulk CM IRP (32.61x) +- Kernel CM IRP (32.66x) +- Notification IRP (32.30x) +- SON Policy NRM IRP (32.52x) +- Generic NRM IRP (32.62x) +- E-UTRAN NRM IRP (32.76x) +- E-UTRAN Performance Measurements (32.425) + +#### 7.1.1.2 Analysis of impacts to IRPs + +The following clauses analyze how E-UTRAN Energy Saving Management is implemented in each IRP, and how each IRP may be impacted by Inter-RAT Energy Saving Management. + +##### 7.1.1.2.1 SON Policy NRM IRP + +The SON Policy NRM IRP is used by E-UTRAN ESM to enable/disable ESM in a distributed ES architecture. + +The SON Policy NRM IRP is used by E-UTRAN ESM to define ESM load thresholds in a distributed ES architecture or in an EM-centralized ES architecture. + +This IRP was written for use with E-UTRAN SON functions, but is generic enough that it is valid for all Radio Access Technologies. No special E-UTRAN features are used by E-UTRAN ESM. + +Conclusion: This IRP may be re-used for Inter-RAT ESM. + +##### 7.1.1.2.2 E-UTRAN NRM IRP + +The E-UTRAN NRM IRP is used by E-UTRAN ESM to support the following + +- Desired Energy Saving state (for centralized architecture only) +- Actual Energy Saving state +- ES Coverage relations (only from E-UTRAN cell to E-UTRAN cell) + +This IRP is only valid for E-UTRAN. Only ES Coverage relations between E-UTRAN cells are supported. + +These attributes are only needed for a cell which will enter Energy Saving state, this means that they are only valid for RAT2. + +Conclusions: + +The E-UTRAN NRM IRP must be improved to allow Inter-RAT ES Coverage relations. + +The ESM modelling in the E-UTRAN NRM IRP is also valid for UTRAN ESM, and therefore the UTRAN NRM IRP should model ESM in a similar style. + +The ESM modelling in the E-UTRAN NRM IRP is not valid for GERAN ESM, because GERAN will not perform the role of RAT2. + +Inter-RAT ES Coverage relations may be easily modelled as new `isESCoveredBy` attributes on the Inter-RAT relations. + +##### 7.1.1.2.3 E-UTRAN Performance Measurements + +E-UTRAN Performance Measurements contains Energy Saving indications for RRC failure and cell unavailability. This allows Energy Saving to be counted as a planned event, not a failure case. + +These indications are only needed for a cell which will enter Energy Saving state, this means that they are only valid for RAT2. + +Conclusions: + +The special ES indications are also valid for UTRAN ESM, and therefore similar indicators should be added to the UTRAN Performance Measurements. + +The special ES indications are not valid for GERAN ESM, because GERAN will not perform the role of RAT2. + +##### 7.1.1.2.4 List of IRPs without impact + +The following IRPs are used by E-UTRAN ESM but no special E-UTRAN features are used by E-UTRAN ESM. + +- Performance Management IRP +- File Transfer IRP + +- Basic CM IRP +- Bulk CM IRP +- Kernel CM IRP +- Notification IRP +- Generic NRM IRP + +These IRPs are valid for all Radio Access Technologies. + +Conclusion: These IRPs may be re-used for Inter-RAT ESM. + +#### 7.1.1.3 Conclusion + +The current solution for E-UTRAN Energy Saving Management can easily be extended to support Inter-RAT Energy Saving Management. The necessary changes are as follows. + +| 3GPP IRP | Changes to support Inter-RAT ESM | +|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| SON IRP | Add support for modelling of
Inter-RAT ESM thresholds
Time period during which Energy Saving is allowed | +| E-UTRAN NRM IRP | Add isESCOveredBy attributes to the Inter-RAT relations | +| UTRAN NRM IRP | Add support for modelling of
Desired Energy Saving state
Actual Energy Saving state
Inter-RAT ES Coverage relations (from UTRAN cell to GERAN cell) | +| UTRAN Performance Measurements | Add Energy Saving indications for RRC failure and cell unavailability | + +#### 7.1.1.4 Other issues + +It would be very easy to add UTRAN-UTRAN ESM by adding a single `isESCOveredBy` attribute to the UTRAN-UTRAN relation. However, this is outside the scope of the current study. + +### 7.1.2 Variant of re-use of E-UTRAN ESM solution for Inter-RAT ESM + +#### 7.1.2.1 Overview of E-UTRAN ESM solution + +This is a solution which is very similar to the one described in clause 7.1. Therefore only the clauses with differences to sub-clauses of 7.1.2 are outlined in this following clause 7.2.2 . + +#### 7.1.2.2 Analysis of impacts to IRPs + +##### 7.1.2.2.1 SON Policy NRM IRP + +This IRP may be re-used for Inter-RAT ESM with the following addition: + +An object class to describe which cells of different RATs belong to a energy saving group, i.e. which cells of a RAT 2 provide overlay or backup up coverage for which cells of a RAT 1. + +##### 7.1.2.2.2 E-UTRAN NRM IRP + +See 7.1.2.2 with the exception that the ES coverag relation is not modelled in this NRM IRP. + +#### 7.1.2.3 Conclusion + +The current solution for E-UTRAN Energy Saving Management can easily be extended to support Inter-RAT Energy Saving Management. The changes needed are + +| 3GPP IRP | Changes to support Inter-RAT ESM | +|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| SON IRP | Add support for modelling of
Inter-RAT ESM thresholds
Inter-RAT ES cell groups
Time period during which Energy Saving is allowed | +| E-UTRAN NRM IRP | - | +| UTRAN NRM IRP | Add support for modelling of
Desired Energy Saving state
Actual Energy Saving state
- | +| UTRAN Performance Measurements | Add Energy Saving indications for RRC failure and cell unavailability | + +Note: **Bold font** indicates difference to conclusion in 7.2.2 , a bold dash “-“ a change neede in 7.2.2, but not needed in this solution. + +## 7.2 Mapping of solutions to concepts + +### 7.2.1 Mapping to concept 1 and 2 + +The changes listed in clauses 7.1.1.3 and 7.1.2.3 are of different relevance for the different concepts. This is shown in table 7.2.1-1 . + +| Needed change | Relevant for | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------|---------------| +| | Statistical ESM | Delegated ESM | +| Modelling of Inter-RAT ESM thresholds for ES decisions | No | Yes | +| Modelling of Inter-RAT ESM thresholds for notification in case of traffic deviation | Yes | No | +| Desired Energy Saving state in UTRAN NRM | Yes | No | +| Actual Energy Saving state in UTRAN NRM | Yes | Yes | +| Modelling of ES coverage relations (two possible variants) | Yes | Yes | +| Add Energy Saving indications for RRC failure and cell unavailability | Yes | Yes | + +Table 7.2.1-1 + +### 7.2.2 Mapping to concept 3 + +Concept 3 introduces more information to be considered for deciding whether cell could do energy saving activation. + +| Needed change | Relevant for | | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------|---------------| +| | Statistical ESM | Delegated ESM | +| Extend policy with additional information for energy saving activation decision | No | Yes | + +Table 7.2.2-1 + +# 8 Recommended solution(s) + +The solutions in §7.1 satisfy all of the requirements for all of the concepts which are evaluated as useful. If a separation of the concepts needs to be supported in the object model (and if yes, how) is left for further work on stage 2 specification level. The same applies to the choice between solution in 7.1 and 7.2. + +# 9 Conclusion + +It is technically possible to manage the OAM aspects of Inter-RAT Energy Saving. A solution similar to the Intra-LTE solution is feasible, with some enhancements or alternative modelling. + +Reuse of current Technical Specifications is likely. There is no obvious need for new Technical Specifications. + +Some thresholds– and the related measurements - to control Inter-RAT ESM will be different compared to Intra-LTE ESM. + +Intra-LTE ESM and Inter-RAT ESM can co-exist. A network operator should have the possibility to control which one has higher priority. For this suitable policies need to be defined. + +# --- Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|-----|----------------------------------|--|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | | Old | New | +| 2011-09 | SA#53 | SP-110517 | -- | -- | Submission to SA for Information | | --.-.- | 1.0.0 | +| 2011-11 | SA#54 | SP-110698 | -- | -- | Submission to SA for Approval | | 1.0.0 | 2.0.0 | +| 2012-01 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | | 2.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32835/6df5629bc2fc6d82f1a1edf9d7340113_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32835/6df5629bc2fc6d82f1a1edf9d7340113_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c800b774b3603dc3f0d4702b4d32a009a681698f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32835/6df5629bc2fc6d82f1a1edf9d7340113_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:82372065148354a4fdcfc58ca05753c1e26ff318d8794dff8923119f4bf3b475 +size 55865 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32835/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32835/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..774d6a8182e44fe89f4aa8d68a322298165c9e12 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32835/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,340 @@ + + + + + + +# --- Contents + +| | | +|-----------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Symbols..... | 5 | +| 3.3 Abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 4 Concept ..... | 6 | +| 4.1 Deployment..... | 6 | +| 4.1.1 Small cell deployment scenarios ..... | 6 | +| 4.1.2 With and without macro coverage..... | 6 | +| 4.1.3 Outdoor and indoor..... | 6 | +| 4.1.4 Sparse and dense..... | 6 | +| 5 Use Cases ..... | 7 | +| 6 Requirements ..... | 7 | +| 6.1 Business level requirements..... | 7 | +| 6.2 Specification level requirements ..... | 7 | +| 7 Management solutions ..... | 8 | +| 7.1 On demand Management ..... | 8 | +| 7.2 Classification of importance..... | 8 | +| 7.2.1 Background..... | 8 | +| 7.2.2 Analysis ..... | 8 | +| 7.3 Policy-based management..... | 9 | +| 7.4 Reduction of management data..... | 10 | +| 7.4.1 Filtering ..... | 10 | +| 7.4.2 Aggregation ..... | 10 | +| 7.4.3 Probabilistic management ..... | 10 | +| 7.4.4 Reduction of PM data..... | 10 | +| 7.5 Self-configuration..... | 10 | +| 7.6 Self-healing ..... | 11 | +| 7.7 Self-optimization..... | 11 | +| 8 Conclusions and recommendations..... | 11 | +| Annex A: Change history ..... | 12 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +Heterogeneous Network is a collective term for a network comprising radio nodes of varying sizes and roles, from small base station nodes to big macro base station nodes. The purpose of using a heterogeneous network is to improve capacity and/or coverage, and to allow a variation of role over time for some of the nodes in order to optimize the overall performance. + +Also small base station nodes may perform two roles and may switch role as necessary: + +- acting as a coverage extender, most likely resulting in low traffic volumes in the node +- acting as a capacity booster, most likely resulting in high traffic volumes in the node + +As the number of nodes to be managed will increase significantly by introducing small base station nodes, the management of the network must change. + +Because of the large number of small base stations, it is essential to minimize the set of configuration parameters. It is also desirable to minimize the set of configuration parameters for the macro base stations. This means that there is no difference from minimization of configuration point of view for managing small or large base stations. + +Because a significant proportion of the network traffic will be carried by small base stations, the need for providing alarms and network KPIs are the same for small base stations as for big macro base stations. So also from PM and FM point of view there is no difference on the type of information that needs to be managed depending on the size of the base station. + +What needs to change is the volume of data that needs to be decreased over Itf-N. However, different base stations are more important to manage in real time. In order to keep CAPEX and OPEX down, it must be possible to choose how the management info is propagated to the NMS. Different criteria can be used to have all information on line (as before), to only get information when the manager requests it, or something in between. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document investigates and makes recommendations on how management information can be selected by the manager over Itf-N for heterogeneous networks (see TR 21.905 [1]) nodes that are owned, deployed and maintained by the operator. + +The nodes that are owned, deployed or maintained by residential users are out of scope of the present document, such as Home NodeBs, Home eNodeBs. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TR 41.001: "GSM Release specifications". +- [3] 3GPP TR 36.932: "Scenarios and Requirements of LTE Small Cell Enhancements". + +# --- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [x] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [x]. + +Active mode: Information passes Itf-N when the IRPAGENT or the IRPMANAGER have something to communicate. + +Passive mode: No information passes the Itf-N unless when the IRPMANAGER has requested it. + +## 3.2 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +None. + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [x] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [x]. + +| | | +|--------|---------------------------| +| CAPEX | Capital Expenditures | +| FM | Fault Management | +| HetNet | Heterogeneous Network | +| KPI | Key Performance Indicator | +| LTE | Long Term Evolution | +| O&M | Operation and Maintenance | + +OPEX Operational Expenditures +PM Performance Management + +# 4 Concept + +## 4.1 Deployment + +### 4.1.1 Small cell deployment scenarios + +Heterogeneous networks management should consider small cells both with and without macro coverage, both outdoor and indoor small cell deployments and both sparse and dense small cell deployments. (See Figure 4.1-1) + +![Figure 4.1-1: Deployment scenarios of small cell. The diagram illustrates various small cell deployment configurations. A large blue oval represents the coverage area of a macro cell (F1). Within this area, several small cells (F2) are deployed: some are inside buildings (indoor), some are outside (outdoor), and some are clustered together (dense). A legend on the right shows a blue oval labeled F1 and an orange oval labeled F2. A green cube represents a user equipment (UE) connected to one of the small cells.](6df5629bc2fc6d82f1a1edf9d7340113_img.jpg) + +Figure 4.1-1: Deployment scenarios of small cell. The diagram illustrates various small cell deployment configurations. A large blue oval represents the coverage area of a macro cell (F1). Within this area, several small cells (F2) are deployed: some are inside buildings (indoor), some are outside (outdoor), and some are clustered together (dense). A legend on the right shows a blue oval labeled F1 and an orange oval labeled F2. A green cube represents a user equipment (UE) connected to one of the small cells. + +NOTE 1: F1 and F2 are the carrier frequency for macro layer and local-node layer, respectively + +**Figure 4.1-1: Deployment scenarios of small cell** + +### 4.1.2 With and without macro coverage + +Two typical HetNet small cell deployment scenarios are shown in Figure 4.1-1. + +- 1) For capacity: Small cell nodes are deployed under the coverage of one or more than one overlaid macro cell layer(s) to act as capacity booster. +- 2) For coverage: Small cell nodes are not deployed under the coverage of any overlaid macro cell layer(s) to act as coverage extender. + +### 4.1.3 Outdoor and indoor + +HetNet management should consider both outdoor and indoor small cell deployments. The small cell nodes could be deployed indoors or outdoors, and in either case could provide service to indoor or outdoor UEs. + +### 4.1.4 Sparse and dense + +HetNet management should consider sparse and dense small cell deployments. As documented in TR 36.932 [3], in some scenarios (e.g., hotspot indoor/outdoor places, etc.), single or a few small cell node(s) are sparsely deployed, e.g. to cover the hotspot(s). Meanwhile, in some scenarios (e.g., dense urban, large shopping mall, etc.), a lot of small cell nodes are densely deployed to support huge traffic over a relatively wide area covered by the small cell nodes. The coverage of the small cell layer is generally discontinuous between different hotspot areas. Each hotspot area can be covered by a group of small cells, i.e. a small cell cluster. + +# 5 Use Cases + +- 1) A Mobile Network Operator needs to extend network capacity and coverage. The Mobile Network Operator accomplishes this by adding small nodes to the network. + +- 2) A Mobile Network Operator wishes to add small nodes to the network, but is constrained by the fact that extra personnel are not available to install the small nodes. The Mobile Network Operator accomplishes this by allowing customers to install the small nodes and connect the small nodes to the network. The small nodes are automatically configured. +- 3) A Mobile Network Operator adds small nodes to the network, but is constrained by the fact that extra personnel are not available to maintain the small nodes. The Mobile Network Operator accomplishes this by using automated processes to manage the small nodes and to attempt to heal any faults. +- 4) A Mobile Network Operator adds small nodes to the network, but cannot justify collecting all the available data from the small nodes for reasons of bandwidth, OPEX and CAPEX. The Mobile Network Operator selects the degree of information that shall be provided by the small nodes, by using O&M policies. +- 5) A Mobile Network Operator designates a cell as important. This may be based upon factors such as lack of overlay coverage, high traffic levels, or high revenue. The Mobile Network Operator configures active mode for this cell. +- 6) A Mobile Network Operator designates a cell as not important. This may be based upon factors such as overlay coverage, low traffic levels, or low revenue. The Mobile Network Operator configures passive mode for this cell. +- 7) The importance of a cell may vary. At certain times, the cell may carry a lot of traffic, and therefore faults should be fixed as soon as possible. At these times, active mode is suitable. At other times, the cell may carry almost no traffic, and therefore faults do not need to be fixed immediately. At these times, passive mode is suitable. An automated system configures active or passive mode for this cell. + +# --- 6 Requirements + +## 6.1 Business level requirements + +Operators shall be able to manage a much larger network than today with the same number of personnel. + +Operators shall be able to manage a much larger network with same amount of performance data, even though the number of nodes has increased significantly. + +## 6.2 Specification level requirements + +The IRP Agent shall support different modes of operation, e.g. different active modes and possibly passive mode, according to IRP Manager policies on the node/cell level. + +The IRP Agent shall support the capability to allow the IRP Manager to create, change and delete policies. On demand policies may include the objects (node or cell), time period for the node or cell to be in the passive mode and data filter for the IRP Manager filtering the information (e.g. notifications or performance measurements) what it wants. + +The IRP Agent shall support the capability to allow the IRP Manager to get data (e.g. notifications or performance measurements) from the objects (node or cell) when needed. + +# --- 7 Management solutions + +## 7.1 On demand Management + +In a traditionally-managed network, all of the IRP Agents push data to the IRP Manager. This data may be alarm notifications or performance measurements. + +In large networks, it is not practical to receive the same amount of data from each IRP Agent. Therefore, some IRP Agents may be instructed not to push data to the IRP Manager. Instead, the IRP Manager pulls data as necessary. + +The 3GPP Alarm IRP allows the IRP Manager to avoid the use of notifications. The IRP Manager may read the current alarm list from the IRP Agent. + +The 3GPP Performance Management IRP allows the IRPManager to enable and disable the sending of measurements from the IRPAgent. Currently there is no mechanism in the 3GPP Performance Management IRP to fetch the measurements from the IRPAgent. + +## 7.2 Classification of importance + +### 7.2.1 Background + +The traditional network management paradigm treats all nodes and all cells as equally important. As the size of the network increases, these traditional assumptions become less relevant. In a heterogeneous network, the variety of types of nodes and variety of sizes of cells will force the traditional assumptions to be questioned. + +In a large network, the operator may need to evaluate which nodes or cells are most important. It is simply not practical to allocate equal resources to manage each node or cell. This is not a unique problem for heterogeneous networks, it is just that the need for prioritisation becomes more visible in a heterogeneous network. + +For an operator to allocate management resources within the network, the operator must evaluate the importance of each node or cell in the network. The importance of each node or cell means different things to each operator. The importance may be based upon positive values (such as the revenue generated by the cell) or negative values (such as lack of coverage caused by a cell outage). + +Each operator should have the freedom to define the importance of each managed entity according to the operator's own values. + +It should be noted that the importance of a node or cell may be unrelated to the size of the node or cell. + +In a large network, the results of the importance evaluation for each node or cell such as absolute value or relative value of "importance" may change over time either predictably or unpredictably. The cause of such changes could be periodic changes in traffic levels and patterns (e.g. time of day, day of the week, event based, etc...), instantaneous changes in coverage (e.g. deployment of new nodes, compensated and uncompensated outages, etc...), short term trends in user demands (e.g. VIP visits, promotional campaigns, etc...), long term trends in user demands (e.g. new applications with higher data requirements, growth of the user population, etc...), etc... + +Static allocation of importance values may potentially degrade network performance and availability or result in waste of management resources and reduced savings in OPEX. Periodic manual re-evaluation of importance values may consume significant management resources. Dynamic allocation of importance values based on operator specified set of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) should also be considered. + +### 7.2.2 Analysis + +In a large network, it is not practical for the operator to manually evaluate the importance of each node or cell in the network. Therefore, some automated process is probably required to evaluate the importance of each node or cell. + +This automated process shall use evaluation criteria to evaluate a node or cell's importance. There are 3 general architectures to allocate responsibility between the IRPManager and the IRPAgent. + +Case 1: The evaluation criteria of the node/cell's importance are created and used by the IRPManager. + +Case 2: The evaluation criteria of the node/cell's importance are created by the IRPManager but are used by the IRPAgent. + +Case 3: The evaluation criteria of the node/cell's importance are created and used by the IRPAgent. + +Case 1 has the advantage that the result is more predictable, from the perspective of the IRPManager. The IRPManager has a finite set of resources (human and computational) available to manage the network. In case 1, the IRPManager can set the relative importance of nodes/cells to ensure that the management resources are fully utilised but not overloaded. In cases 2 and 3, the IRPAgents may classify a suitable amount of nodes/cells as important, or may classify too few nodes/cells as important resulting in under-utilisation of management resources, or may classify too many nodes/cells as important resulting in overload of management resources. + +Case 2 has advantage that in a heterogeneous network, due to the huge amount of heterogeneous nodes, it's better to avoid the situation of bottle-neck handling in configuration management for the decision point, in a situation a cell's importance varies dynamically according to some dynamic mode evaluation criteria. Compared with the IRPManager, the IRPAgent is a better candidate for decision point, since its location is near to the network elements and will not be overloaded in + +dynamically adjusting the cell's importance in its domain. The cell's importance result (based on dynamic mode criteria) may be notified to the IRPManager, but should not be predicted by the IRPManager in advance. + +The evaluation criteria of a node or cell's importance can be grouped into the following categories: + +#### a) Static mode evaluation criteria + +The static mode evaluation criteria are mostly created from the global view or high level of the network in a pre-planning way. When the cell's importance is determined by using the static mode evaluation criteria, the cell can keep the importance for a relatively long duration (e.g. a few of weeks or months). The examples of static mode evaluation criteria may include: + +- Revenue generated by the cell +- Distribution of VIP users +- Deployment role of the cell + +#### b) Dynamic mode evaluation criteria + +Dynamic mode evaluation criteria bring more opportunities to change a cell's importance during the operational phase. Generally, the frequency of a cell's importance update can be shortened explicitly (e.g. a few hours or days). The dynamic mode evaluation criteria are foreseen to be strongly correlated to the operational indicators of a cell. Some operational indicators which may be used to determine a cell's importance dynamically include: + +- Operational status of a cell, such as energySaving state, cell outage state, or other cell states identified for the SON coordination purpose. For example, when a cell is in energySaving state, it should consume less management resources and then be regarded as unimportant in this sleeping phase. However, in another similar scenario, when the cell is in an outage status, the importance of the cell should be improved to get more management resources to detect the root cause of the outage. + +The details of how do evaluation criteria work in the IRPManager or the IRPAgent are FFS. + +## 7.3 Policy-based management + +In a policy-based system, the operator defines groups of managed entities with operator-selected characteristics. The operator may set a policy describing how each group should be managed. + +Policy-based management would reduce the amount of configuration data to be managed by the IRPManager. The IRPManager would only need to set the configuration data for each group. + +The policy allocation should support a mechanism where operator may specify a set of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and their thresholds as criteria for allocating NE to a particular management group managed by a common policy. The mechanism may be implemented as a rule set or as a grouping policy. The NEs will be allocated to specific groups not only by the “importance” parameter manually configured by the operator, but also by evaluating the important operational indicators such as amount of carried traffic, number of served UEs, number of incoming and outgoing handovers, presence of VIP users, call failure rates, state of energy savings (ES) algorithm on the NE and neighbouring NEs, etc... The KPIs or operational indicators will be re-evaluated periodically and NEs may change their management group assignments accordingly. + +## 7.4 Reduction of management data + +### 7.4.1 Filtering + +The quantity of management data may be reduced by filtering alarms, performance data or trace data over Itf-N. + +The 3GPP Alarm IRP allows filtering of alarm lists, alarm counts and alarm-related notifications. + +The 3GPP Performance Management IRP allows the IRP Manager to specify exactly which Measurement Families, Measurement Types or subcounters should be collected. + +The 3GPP trace IRP allows the IRPManager to specify exactly in which area scope shall trace data be collected. + +### 7.4.2 Aggregation + +The quantity of management data may be reduced by aggregating alarms and performance data. + +**Editor's Note: Further details are FFS** + +### 7.4.3 Probabilistic management + +A group of NEs with similar characteristics (e.g. deployed in the same area, similar priorities, etc...) in specific Use Cases can reduce the overall amount of alarms and performance data by applying probabilistic approach to decide which particular group member(s) shall report particular management information. + +**Editor's Note: Further details are FFS** + +### 7.4.4 Reduction of PM data + +The overall amount of PM data for a cell may be reduced by use of longer PM collection and reporting intervals. + +The value of less frequently reported PM data for management and optimization decisions at the Network Management level may be increased by reporting the locally predicted performance measurement trends (e.g. rate of change, direction of change, prediction confidence level, etc...). + +## 7.5 Self-configuration + +As the number of managed nodes increases, it is not practical to plan and configure each node individually. As a long-term goal, it should be possible to have a node delivered directly from a factory to the site and the node should be automatically configured to begin operation within the network. + +For this long-term goal to become a reality, the following issues must be solved: + +- Only legitimate equipment should be connected to the operator's network. +- The operator's equipment cannot be moved to another operator's network. +- Newly-connected radio equipment must not degrade performance of neighbouring cells. + +These issues should be investigated in a separate plug-and-play study because they have very little relevance for Itf-N. However, Itf-N may be used by the operator to check that the self-configuration process has been completed successfully. In particular, the Inventory Management IRP will be essential to allow verification that the newly-installed equipment has the correct hardware, software, and licenses. + +## 7.6 Self-healing + +In a large network, it is essential that faults should be resolved automatically if possible. + +Nodes should be capable of restarting automatically in case of failure. In case of failure, the nodes should be able to fallback to a previous configuration or perform a factory reset. + +The network should be tolerant of node failures. Existing 3GPP Itf-N features “Cell Outage Detection” and “Cell Outage Compensation” may be used. + +## 7.7 Self-optimization + +As the number of nodes to be managed will increase significantly by introducing large quantity of base station nodes, the optimization of the network should be done automatically as much as possible. + +Network should be capable of optimizing automatically to improve capacity and/or coverage, and to optimize the overall network performance under the condition that the roles of some of the nodes could change over time. + +Besides the traditional self-optimization features (HO parameter Optimization, Load Balancing Optimization, Capacity and Coverage Optimization, RACH Optimization and Inter Cell Interference Coordination), the management of enhanced Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (eICIC), which specifically considers HetNet interference scenarios, should be investigated in the scope of self-optimization with the aim of reduction of management. + +# --- 8 Conclusions and recommendations + +# Annex A: Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------|-------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2011-08 | | | | | First creation of skeleton. | --- | 0.0.0 | +| 2011-08 | | | | | Scope, some use case and requirements are introduced. | 0.0.0 | 0.0.1 | +| 2011-10 | | | | | Inclusion of agreed pCRs at SA5#79: S5-113204r1. | 0.0.1 | 0.0.2 | +| 2012-02 | | | | | Inclusion of agreed pCRs at SA5#81:
S5-120193, S5-120194. | 0.0.2 | 0.0.3 | +| 2012-04 | | | | | Inclusion of agreed pCRs at SA5#82:
S5-120609, S5-120743, S5-120746, S5-120750,
S5-120751, S5-120788 | 0.0.3 | 0.0.4 | +| 2012-05 | | | | | Inclusion of agreed pCRs at SA5#83:
S5-121364, S5-121366. | 0.0.4 | 0.0.5 | +| 2012-08 | | | | | Inclusion of agreed pCR at SA5#84:
S5-122179 | 0.0.5 | 0.0.6 | +| 2012-10 | | | | | Inclusion of agreed pCR at SA5#85:
S5-122550 | 0.0.6 | 0.0.7 | +| 2012-11 | | | | | Inclusion of agreed pCRs at SA5#86:
S5-123138, S5-123146, S5-123190 | 0.0.7 | 0.0.8 | +| 2013-02 | | | | | Inclusion of agreed pCRs at SA5#87:
S5-130329, S5-130330, S5-130331 | 0.0.8 | 0.0.9 | +| 2013-03 | SA#59 | SP-130143 | | | MCC editorial cleanup, presented for information | 0.0.9 | 1.0.0 | +| | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32901/410562339ce067fdc6fa41940c118658_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32901/410562339ce067fdc6fa41940c118658_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7fb751adbfb7f0eaf639658c26159186bb55433f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32901/410562339ce067fdc6fa41940c118658_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:e938032d60e69785783b198657f9bdc27ca95048c90adff643585c1a3725f87d +size 47040 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32901/7f17c430b9598e4d748a8041457810b3_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32901/7f17c430b9598e4d748a8041457810b3_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 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b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32901/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9c0cd35961e8e6a3d5375f89f26a0d0de7d9a747 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/32_series/32901/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,514 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 4 | +| 2 References..... | 7 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Example SpIMs..... | 9 | +| 4.1 Example SpIM for Preferred Currency ..... | 9 | +| 4.2 Example SpIM for User Name..... | 9 | +| 5 Applications ..... | 10 | +| 5.1 Application Information Models (AIM) ..... | 10 | +| 5.1.1 Information Object Classes ..... | 10 | +| 5.1.1.0 General..... | 10 | +| 5.1.1.1 UdcASServiceProfile..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.2 UDCBasicServiceProfile ..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.3 UDCCSCFServiceProfile ..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.4 UdcHSSServiceProfile..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.5 UdcSpecialServicesProfile..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.6 UdcCSServiceProfile ..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.7 UdcEPSServiceProfile ..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.8 UdcGPRSServiceProfile ..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.9 UdcIMSServiceProfile..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.10 UdcMMTelServiceProfile ..... | 11 | +| 5.1.2 CS/GPRS ..... | 12 | +| 5.1.2.1 HLR ..... | 12 | +| 5.1.3 EPS ..... | 12 | +| 5.1.3.1 HSS ..... | 12 | +| 5.1.4 IMS..... | 13 | +| 5.1.4.1 CSCF..... | 13 | +| 5.1.4.2 MMTel..... | 13 | +| 5.2 SPIM Level ..... | 13 | +| 5.2.1 Preferred Currency Use Case ..... | 13 | +| 5.2.1.1 Setting or modification of the value of this data item..... | 14 | +| 5.2.1.2 Scenarios for use of the data element ..... | 14 | +| 5.2.2 Age and Birth Date Use Case..... | 14 | +| 5.2.2.1 Setting or modification of the value of this data item..... | 14 | +| 5.2.2.2 Scenarios for use of the Age data element..... | 14 | +| 5.2.3 Name Use Case..... | 15 | +| 5.2.3.1 Input for Name..... | 15 | +| 5.2.3.2 Scenarios for use of the data element Name..... | 15 | +| 5.2.4 Gender Use Case ..... | 15 | +| 5.2.4.1 Setting or modification of the value of this data item..... | 15 | +| 5.2.4.2 Scenarios for use of the data element ..... | 15 | +| 5.2.5 Preferred Language Use Case..... | 15 | +| 5.2.5.1 Setting or modification of the value of this data item..... | 16 | +| 5.2.5.2 Scenarios for use of the data element ..... | 16 | +| 5.2.6 Friend/Friends List Use Case ..... | 16 | +| 5.2.6.1 Setting or modification of the value of this data item..... | 16 | +| 5.2.6.2 Scenarios for use of the data element ..... | 16 | +| 6 Recommendations regarding provisioning guidelines and requirements ..... | 17 | +| Annex A: Change history ..... | 18 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +3GPP TR 22.985 Service requirement for the UDC [5] describes the architecture of the User Data Convergence, a concept that proposes to move the user data from where it has been distributed and siloed in Network Elements, Applications, and other network resources to a single logical consolidated facility here called User Data Repository (UDR) where it can be accessed, stored and managed in a common way. + +The introduction of a User Data Convergence of user data for network services and management applications could significantly enhance the ability of 3GPP based networks to offer complex and combined services. User data can be decomposed and reformed by a common data model framework (e.g. tree-like data model, rational data model) provided by UDR. In that case, user data categorized by services can be regrouped and identified by user ID, leaving no data redundancy. Also, convergence in data model will unify the user data access interface and its protocol, which will promote new service application development. Thereby, the capability of user data convergence can be open to creation of data-less applications. + +Methods for data protection against access by unauthorized parties are outside the scope of this document. + +3GPP TS 32.181 UDC Framework for Model Handling and Management [3] and 3GPP TS 29.335 UDC; User Data Repository Access Protocol over the Ud interface; Stage 3 [4] provide various types of information and data models associated with the architecture of UDC. + +These include the Common Baseline Information Model (CBIM) (see 3GPP TS 32.182 [7]), the Specialized Information Model (SpIM), Application Information Models (AIMs), Application Data Models (ADMs), and the Consolidated Data Model (CDM) of the User Data Repository (UDR). + +Figure 1 from 3GPP TS 32.181 UDC Framework for Model Handling and Management [3] shows the operational environment of the UDC. + +![Figure 1.1: Evolution of the CDM in a UDR. The diagram shows the flow of information models in a User Data Repository (UDR). At the top, a green box labeled 'BSS' points down to a blue box labeled 'Provisioning Gateway'. The 'Provisioning Gateway' points down to a central circular model labeled 'Consolidated Data Model (CDM)'. This central model is surrounded by concentric rings representing different views: 'Full Data View' (innermost), 'APPL 1 View' (yellow), 'APPL 2 View' (green), and 'APPL 3 view' (red). To the left, a green box labeled 'SpIM' points to a grey box labeled 'Generate new CDM', which in turn points to the 'Provisioning Gateway'. Below 'SpIM', another grey box labeled 'Generate ADM and mapping and new SpIM' points to the 'Consolidated Data Model (CDM)'. At the bottom, a red box labeled 'new Appl' points to a green box labeled 'new AIM', which points to the 'Generate ADM and mapping and new SpIM' box. On the right, 'Appl 1' (yellow) and 'Appl 2' (green) are shown with 'Ud' (User data) arrows pointing to their respective views in the CDM.](aa81b9b80bd1e3d723922b3a033564a2_img.jpg) + +Figure 1.1: Evolution of the CDM in a UDR. The diagram shows the flow of information models in a User Data Repository (UDR). At the top, a green box labeled 'BSS' points down to a blue box labeled 'Provisioning Gateway'. The 'Provisioning Gateway' points down to a central circular model labeled 'Consolidated Data Model (CDM)'. This central model is surrounded by concentric rings representing different views: 'Full Data View' (innermost), 'APPL 1 View' (yellow), 'APPL 2 View' (green), and 'APPL 3 view' (red). To the left, a green box labeled 'SpIM' points to a grey box labeled 'Generate new CDM', which in turn points to the 'Provisioning Gateway'. Below 'SpIM', another grey box labeled 'Generate ADM and mapping and new SpIM' points to the 'Consolidated Data Model (CDM)'. At the bottom, a red box labeled 'new Appl' points to a green box labeled 'new AIM', which points to the 'Generate ADM and mapping and new SpIM' box. On the right, 'Appl 1' (yellow) and 'Appl 2' (green) are shown with 'Ud' (User data) arrows pointing to their respective views in the CDM. + +**Figure 1.1: Evolution of the CDM in a UDR** + +In addition to the models previously mentioned, Figure 1.1 introduces the aspect of the Provisioning Gateway, which is essential for the operation of the UDR. The Provisioning Gateway provides a single logical point for access to provisioning of user data for **all** services in the UDR. The Provisioning Gateway is shown supporting an interaction with the operator's BSS; by implication this interaction is associated with the provisioning of user subscription and service data in the UDR via the Provisioning Gateway. + +This study analyzes the progression of information models displayed in the above figure using some specific application examples, in particular the applications of HSS-IMS and MMTel. It provides guidelines and preliminary requirements for the BSS provisioning capabilities and information model handling when new applications and related services are implemented in the operator's UDR by doing the following: + +- Develop several example initial SpIMs for discussion purposes. +- Examine what BSS interactions with the Provisioning Gateway would be required to support provisioning of user service and subscription data in the UDR for these SpIMs. +- Study the relationship to the information model of 3GPP TS 32.172 Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) IRP Information Service [9]. +- Develop understanding of CBIM-derived entities of Application Information Models (AIM) for HSS-IMS and MMTel from application data elements available in 3GPP TS 29.364 IMS Application Server service data descriptions for AS interoperability [11], 3GPP TS 23.008 Organization of subscriber data [12], and other relevant specifications. +- Discuss the integration and consolidation of these AIM entities with the example initial SpIMs above. + +- Evaluate the potential changes to the BSS provisioning interactions for the implementation of HSS-IMS and MMTel applications in the UDR and implications concerning the information model of 3GPP TS 32.172 Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) IRP Information Service [9]. + +This study does not derive findings concerning the Ud reference point, the subject of 3GPP TR 23.845 Study on UDC Evolution [10]. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 23.335: "User Data Convergence (UDC); Technical realization and information flows; Stage 2". +- [3] 3GPP TS 32.181: "User Data Convergence (UDC); Framework for Model Handling and Management". +- [4] 3GPP TS 29.335: "User Data Convergence (UDC); User Data Repository Access Protocol over the Ud interface; Stage 3". +- [5] 3GPP TR 22.985: "Service requirement for the User Data Convergence (UDC)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 22.101: "Service aspects; Service principles". +- [7] 3GPP TS 32.182: "User Data Convergence; Common Baseline Information Model". +- [8] 3GPP TR 32.808: "Study of Common Profile Storage (CPS) Framework of User Data for network services and management". +- [9] 3GPP TS 32.172: "Subscription Management (SuM) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP): Information Service (IS)". +- [10] 3GPP TR 23.845: "Study on UDC Evolution". +- [11] 3GPP TS 29.364: "IP Multimedia System (IMS) Application Server (AS) service data descriptions for AS interoperability". +- [12] 3GPP TS 23.008: "Organization of subscriber data". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------------| +| AIM | Application Information Model | +| ADM | Application Data Model | +| BSS | Business Support System | +| CBIM | Common Baseline Information Model | +| CDM | Consolidated Data Model | +| CPS | Common Profile Storage | +| FE | Front End | +| HSS | Home Subscriber Server | +| IMS | IP Multimedia System | +| IRP | Integration Reference Point | +| IS | Information Service | +| LDAP | Lightweight Directory Access Protocol | +| MMTel | MultiMedia Telephony | + +| | | +|------|-------------------------------| +| NRM | Network Resource Model | +| RDM | Reference Data Model | +| SpIM | Specialized Information Model | +| SuM | Subscription Management | +| UDC | User Data Convergence | +| UDR | User Data Repository | + +# 4 Example SpIMs + +## 4.1 Example SpIM for Preferred Currency + +A user can request that any charging or pricing information be provided using a specific currency. The method is operator specific, but the example shown below is typical of what would transpire to derive the SpIM and resulting Data Model. + +![Flowchart illustrating the derivation of a Specialized IM (SpIM) for User Currency Preference.](dbe553cf16dd14073b89a8263a428664_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; CBIM[CBIM information for currency selection] --> Integrate[Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate]; AIM[Appl IM (AIM) Operator currency selection process] --> Integrate; Integrate --> SpIM[Specialized IM (SpIM) for User Currency Preference]; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the process of deriving a Specialized IM (SpIM) for User Currency Preference. It consists of three main components: **CBIM information for currency selection**, **Appl IM (AIM) Operator currency selection process**, and **Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate**. The flow starts with the CBIM and AIM components pointing to the integration step, which then leads to the final output: **Specialized IM (SpIM) for User Currency Preference**. + +Flowchart illustrating the derivation of a Specialized IM (SpIM) for User Currency Preference. + +## 4.2 Example SpIM for User Name + +A user can request that his/her name be made available for messaging and special services as a particular value, e.g. “Jane M. Doe”, or “Dr. Terry W. Smith IV”. The method is operator specific, but the example shown below is typical of what would transpire to derive the SpIM and resulting Data Model. + +![Flowchart showing the process of integrating AIM into SpIM. The flow starts with 'CBIM name information' and 'Appl IM (AIM) Operator user name selection process' both pointing to 'Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate', which then points to 'Specialized IM (SpIM) for User Name'.](e6df2733626a85205c1db682e6259c46_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; CBIM[CBIM name information] --> Integrate[Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate]; AIM[Appl IM (AIM) Operator user name selection process] --> Integrate; Integrate --> SpIM[Specialized IM (SpIM) for User Name]; +``` + +Flowchart showing the process of integrating AIM into SpIM. The flow starts with 'CBIM name information' and 'Appl IM (AIM) Operator user name selection process' both pointing to 'Integrate AIM into SpIM and consolidate', which then points to 'Specialized IM (SpIM) for User Name'. + +# 5 Applications + +This section describes application data for all network domains supporting UDC handling and provisioning. + +The domains shown below are at the AIM level including CS, EPS, and IMS. + +*The AIM import from existing applications is outside the scope of the present document. This study is not an application guide.* + +## 5.1 Application Information Models (AIM) + +AIM may be imported from existing applications or may be generated from information elements already existing in the UDR. *The import method is for further study.* + +An AIM should contain IOCs for + +- the Service Profile(s) of the particular application, +- Identifier(s) used by the application. + +and additionally, if needed, any other IOC defined in CBIM. E.g. related End Device, if such is to be connected to one or more identifiers within the application. + +### 5.1.1 Information Object Classes + +#### 5.1.1.0 General + +The information object classes described in 5.1.1.1 through 5.1.1.10 are meant to illustrate the use of example data within the context of this study document, and not meant as replacements or to supersede any IOCs in any 3GPP specifications, + +#### 5.1.1.1 UdcASServiceProfile + +*This is a class created only to represent some ASServiceProfile data within the context of this example. It can be unique to the operator.* + +#### 5.1.1.2 UDCBasicServiceProfile + +This is a *class created only to represent some BasicServiceProfile data within the context of this example*. It can be unique to the operator. + +#### 5.1.1.3 UDCCSCFServiceProfile + +This is a *class created only to represent some CSCFServiceProfile data within the context of this example*. It can be unique to the operator. + +#### 5.1.1.4 UdcHSSServiceProfile + +This is a *class created only to represent some HSSServiceProfile data within the context of this example*. It can be unique to the operator. + +#### 5.1.1.5 UdcSpecialServicesProfile + +This is a *class created only to represent some SpecialServicesProfile data within the context of this example*. It can be unique to the operator. + +#### 5.1.1.6 UdcCSServiceProfile + +This object class is provided in 3GPP TS 32.182, and represents the part of the `UdcServiceProfile` that contains data related to Circuit-Switched services. An example of further specialization of this object class, including attributes, is provided in 3GPP TS 32.181. + +#### 5.1.1.7 UdcEPSServiceProfile + +This object class represents the part of the `UdcServiceProfile` that contains data related to the Evolved Packet System services. An example of further specialization of this object class, including attributes, is provided in 3GPP TS 32.181. + +#### 5.1.1.8 UdcGPRSServiceProfile + +This object class is provided in 3GPP TS 32.182, and represents the part of the `UdcServiceProfile` that contains data related to Packet-Switched services. An example of further specialization of this object class, including attributes, is provided in 3GPP TS 32.181. + +#### 5.1.1.9 UdcIMSServiceProfile + +This object class is provided in 3GPP TS 32.182, and represents the part of the `UdcServiceProfile` that contains data related to IMS services. An example of further specialization of this object class, including attributes, is provided in 3GPP TS 32.181. + +#### 5.1.1.10 UdcMMTelServiceProfile + +This is a *class created only to represent some MMTelServiceProfile data within the context of this example*. It can be unique to the operator. The use of MMTel data is typically transparent to applications and is usually part of the `ASServiceProfile`. It is shown here as one example of how the data is modeled. + +### 5.1.2 CS/GPRS + +#### 5.1.2.1 HLR + +![UML Class Diagram for CS/GPRS-HLR showing inheritance from UdcCsServiceProfile and UdcGprsServiceProfile to UdcBasicServiceProfile and UdcSpecial ServicesProfile.](7f17c430b9598e4d748a8041457810b3_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class UdcCsServiceProfile { + <> + } + class UdcGprsServiceProfile { + <> + } + class UdcBasicServiceProfile { + <> + } + class UdcSpecialServicesProfile { + <> + } + UdcCsServiceProfile <|-- UdcBasicServiceProfile + UdcCsServiceProfile <|-- UdcSpecialServicesProfile + UdcGprsServiceProfile <|-- UdcBasicServiceProfile + UdcGprsServiceProfile <|-- UdcSpecialServicesProfile +``` + +UML Class Diagram for CS/GPRS-HLR showing inheritance from UdcCsServiceProfile and UdcGprsServiceProfile to UdcBasicServiceProfile and UdcSpecial ServicesProfile. + +**Figure 5.1-1: Consolidation of data in the application for CS/GPRS-HLR** + +Editor's note: This diagram is an example and is FFS. + +### 5.1.3 EPS + +#### 5.1.3.1 HSS + +![UML Class Diagram for EPS-HSS showing inheritance from UdcEPSServiceProfile to UdcBasicServiceProfile, UdcSpecialServicesProfile, and UdcHSSServiceProfile.](af6be343f0c0a8f155f965dcf337b8af_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class UdcEPSServiceProfile { + <> + } + class UdcBasicServiceProfile { + <> + } + class UdcSpecialServicesProfile { + <> + } + class UdcHSSServiceProfile { + <> + } + UdcEPSServiceProfile <|-- UdcBasicServiceProfile + UdcEPSServiceProfile <|-- UdcSpecialServicesProfile + UdcEPSServiceProfile <|-- UdcHSSServiceProfile +``` + +UML Class Diagram for EPS-HSS showing inheritance from UdcEPSServiceProfile to UdcBasicServiceProfile, UdcSpecialServicesProfile, and UdcHSSServiceProfile. + +**Figure 5.1-2: Consolidation of data in the application for EPS-HSS** + +Editor's note: This diagram is an example and is FFS. + +### 5.1.4 IMS + +#### 5.1.4.1 CSCF + +![UML Class Diagram for IMS CSCF](410562339ce067fdc6fa41940c118658_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class IIMSServiceProfile { + <> + } + class UdcBasicServiceProfile { + <> + } + class UdcSpecialServicesProfile { + <> + } + class UdcCSCFServiceProfile { + <> + } + class UdcASServiceProfile { + <> + } + + IIMSServiceProfile o-- UdcBasicServiceProfile + IIMSServiceProfile o-- UdcSpecialServicesProfile + IIMSServiceProfile o-- UdcCSCFServiceProfile + IIMSServiceProfile o-- UdcASServiceProfile + +``` + +The diagram shows a central class **IIMSServiceProfile** (labeled with `<>`) at the top. Four lines with open diamond symbols extend from its bottom to four other classes arranged below it: **UdcBasicServiceProfile**, **UdcSpecialServicesProfile**, **UdcCSCFServiceProfile**, and **UdcASServiceProfile**. Each of these four classes is also labeled with `<>`. + +UML Class Diagram for IMS CSCF + +Figure 5.1-3: Consolidation of data in the application for IMS CSCF + +Editor's note: This diagram is an example and is FFS. + +#### 5.1.4.2 MMTel + +![UML Class Diagram for IMS MMTel](e9d825d87c5f85c8dba0664eace96ef4_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class IIMSServiceProfile { + <> + } + class UdcBasicServiceProfile { + <> + } + class UdcSpecialServicesProfile { + <> + } + class UdcMMTelServiceProfile { + <> + s + } + class UdcASServiceProfile { + <> + } + + IIMSServiceProfile o-- UdcBasicServiceProfile + IIMSServiceProfile o-- UdcSpecialServicesProfile + IIMSServiceProfile o-- UdcMMTelServiceProfile + IIMSServiceProfile o-- UdcASServiceProfile + +``` + +The diagram shows a central class **IIMSServiceProfile** (labeled with `<>`) at the top. Four lines with open diamond symbols extend from its bottom to four other classes arranged below it: **UdcBasicServiceProfile**, **UdcSpecialServicesProfile**, **UdcMMTelServiceProfile**, and **UdcASServiceProfile**. Each of these four classes is also labeled with `<>`. The **UdcMMTelServiceProfile** class contains a small box at the bottom with the letter 's'. + +UML Class Diagram for IMS MMTel + +Figure 5.1-4: Consolidation of data in the application for IMS MMTel + +Editor's note: This diagram is an example and is FFS. + +## 5.2 SPIM Level + +### 5.2.1 Preferred Currency Use Case + +Expression of currency information to the subscriber in a particular currency may be supported by setting the optional "Currency Preference" subscription data element. The values for this data element may be any national currency (euros, Japanese yen, U.S. dollars, etc.): + +#### 5.2.1.1 Setting or modification of the value of this data item + +The subscriber may be able to change the value of this data element through an appropriate procedure at any time, e.g., a subscription profile web interface that the operator provides, or through interaction with an operator customer representative. + +#### 5.2.1.2 Scenarios for use of the data element + +Below are examples of scenarios in which different applications may use the same Currency Preference data element to beneficially improve the subscriber's service experience. One type of subscriber case where use of this data element would be most meaningful would be when a person has travelled to another country (either as a tourist or on business) and starts a subscription with an operator in that visited country. + +- a) A subscriber calls a freephone number to automated routine of Acme Airlines to get a ticket price for a certain itinerary. This 'prompt and collect menu-driven application is running on an AS in the network. At the point where the application is about ready to provide the price quote, It checks the subscriber's profile for the Preferred Currency setting, and provides the quote in that currency. +- b) A subscriber with a smartphone is at the operator's smartphone "app store". The app store checks the subscriber's profile for the Preferred Currency setting. As the subscriber browses apps, the app prices are stated in the preferred currency. +- c) The subscriber makes an international call and invokes the operator's Advice of Charge supplementary service to be told the price of the call when it ends. And perhaps may be provided the cumulative price-so-far updates at periodic intervals during the call. The Advice of Charge application checks the subscriber's profile for a preferred currency, and indicates the advice of charge information to the subscriber in that currency. + +### 5.2.2 Age and Birth Date Use Case + +Expression of age and birth date to the subscriber may be supported by setting the optional "Age Preference" subscription data element. The values for this data element may be age in years or birth date: + +#### 5.2.2.1 Setting or modification of the value of this data item + +The subscriber may be able to change the value of this data element through an appropriate procedure at any time, e.g., a subscription profile web interface that the operator provides, or through interaction with an operator customer representative. The operator has to responsibility to verify the age of the subscriber to ensure age appropriate information is conveyed. + +#### 5.2.2.2 Scenarios for use of the Age data element + +Below are examples of scenarios in which different applications may use the same Age data element to beneficially improve the subscriber's service experience, perhaps as a criteria for deciding if service fulfilment is to be allowed, either according to operator policy or national regulations, or perhaps as a way of targeting specific advertising to the subscriber. + +- a) A subscriber calls a freephone number for Acme airlines, e.g., for travel information or to make a reservation. There is a queue. The Acme airlines application checks the subscriber profile for age information and, if set, selects the type of music or advertising or both that are played to that specific subscriber while in queue. +- b) A subscriber with a smartphone is browsing the operator's app store. Certain apps with inappropriate themes for children are not to be displayed to subscribers/users under the age of 18, due to operator policy or federal regulation. The app store checks the subscriber profile and uses the Age data element to determine whether the under 18. (Note: in order to purchase, this may still be followed up with a step where the users must confirm that they are over 18.) + +A subscriber calls a freephone number for a "Find Me A Restaurant" application and asks for recommendations for a good Italian restaurant in the local area. In this particular case there are lots of such restaurants, and so the application needs to apply some criteria determining just what recommendations to make available to the subscriber. Statistically, the application knows that some of the restaurants are more popular with the younger crowd and others with the older crowd. The application checks the subscriber profile for the Age value to help determine the specific restaurant suggestions to the subscriber. (Note: the application could certainly use other criteria as well.) It may also use the Age value to select the appropriate coupon enticement to offer to the subscriber (free appetizer, free drink, or free dessert). + +### 5.2.3 Name Use Case + +The name of the subscriber may be supported by setting the optional "Name" subscription data element. + +#### 5.2.3.1 Input for Name + +The subscriber may be able to change the value of this data element through an appropriate procedure at any time, e.g., a subscription profile web interface that the operator provides, or through interaction with an operator customer representative. + +#### 5.2.3.2 Scenarios for use of the data element Name + +Below are examples of scenarios in which different applications may use the Name data element to beneficially improve the subscriber's service experience. One type of subscriber case where use of this data element would be most meaningful would be a when a person wishes to have his or her name be known for personalized notices and offerings. + +- a) A subscriber receives a personalized greeting, and is asked that name be made available for friends list, or to a vendor for product offerings. +- b) A subscriber with a smartphone is at the operator's smartphone "app store". The "app store" checks the subscriber's profile for the Name setting. As the subscriber browses apps, the app prices are stated to the subscriber in their name. +- c) The subscriber makes a call and their name is presented to the called party. + +### 5.2.4 Gender Use Case + +The gender of the subscriber may be supported by setting the optional "Gender" subscription data element. + +#### 5.2.4.1 Setting or modification of the value of this data item + +The subscriber may be able to change the value of this data element through an appropriate procedure at any time, e.g., a subscription profile web interface that the operator provides, or through interaction with an operator customer representative. + +#### 5.2.4.2 Scenarios for use of the data element + +Below are examples of scenarios in which different applications may use the Gender data element to beneficially improve the subscriber's service experience. One type of subscriber case where use of this data element would be most meaningful would be a when a subscriber's gender required for specific services. + +- a) A subscriber calls a merchant to get a price for a certain item. This 'prompt and collect menu-driven application is running on an AS in the network. At the point where the application is about ready to provide the price quote, It checks the subscriber's profile for the Gender setting, and provides the information asked for and offers some gender related suggestions.. +- b) A subscriber with a smartphone wishes to be networked into a gender related social action group, or a gender related group is seeking membership and solicits the subscriber to join its organization. +- c) The subscriber makes a call and asks for assistance. The responders can target their actions based on appropriate gender. + +### 5.2.5 Preferred Language Use Case + +Expression of language information to the subscriber in a particular language may be supported by setting the optional "Language Preference" subscription data element. The values for this data element may be any language supported by the network. + +#### 5.2.5.1 Setting or modification of the value of this data item + +The subscriber may be able to change the value of this data element through an appropriate procedure at any time, e.g., a subscription profile web interface that the operator provides, or through interaction with an operator customer representative. + +#### 5.2.5.2 Scenarios for use of the data element + +Below are examples of scenarios in which different applications may use the same Language Preference data element to beneficially improve the subscriber's service experience. One type of subscriber case where use of this data element + +would be most meaningful would be a when a person has travelled to another country (either as a tourist or on business) and starts a subscription with an operator in that visited country. + +- a) A subscriber calls a freephone number to automated routine of Acme Airlines to get information for a certain itinerary. This 'prompt and collect menu-driven application is running on an AS in the network. At the point where the application is about ready to provide the itinerary, It checks the subscriber's profile for the Preferred Language setting, and provides the information in that language. +- b) A subscriber with a smartphone is at the operator's smartphone "app store". The "app store" checks the subscriber's profile for the Preferred Language setting. As the subscriber browses apps, the app items are stated in the preferred language. +- c) The subscriber makes an international call and invokes the operator's Advice of Charge supplementary service to be told the price of the call when it ends. And perhaps may be provided the cumulative price-so-far updates at periodic intervals during the call. The Advice of Charge application checks the subscriber's profile for a preferred language, and indicates the advice of charge information to the subscriber in that language. + +### 5.2.6 Friend/Friends List Use Case + +The list of friends of the subscriber may be supported by setting the optional "Friends List" subscription data element. The values for this data element may be a list representing a friends call group' or individual friend call numbers. + +#### 5.2.6.1 Setting or modification of the value of this data item + +The subscriber may be able to change the value of this data element through an appropriate procedure at any time, e.g., a subscription profile web interface that the operator provides, or through interaction with an operator customer representative. + +#### 5.2.6.2 Scenarios for use of the data element + +Below are examples of scenarios in which different applications may use the Friends identifier data element to beneficially improve the subscriber's service experience. One type of subscriber case where use of this data element would be most meaningful would be a when a person wishes to contact an individual friend or group of friends. + +- a) A subscriber wants to notify a friend or group of friends of a particular event.. This 'notification' menu-driven application is running on an AS in the network. At the point where the application is about to process the service, it determines that a friends list exist, and will forward the notification to all members in that list. +- b) An operator has just provided a specific application service to the subscriber who has a friends list. The Friends List data elements are then used to notify all members in that list of the service. Some examples are + +The subscriber has just landed on an international flight and registers his mobile with the local operator. The operator determines the presence of the Friends List application and checks which type of subscribed notifications can be applied. The AS then notifies the friend or friends of the arrival and local registration. + +The subscriber has a specific event and wants friends to be automatically notified. The friends AS will send the notice to all members in the list. + +# --- 6 Recommendations regarding provisioning guidelines and requirements + +The result of this study is for further consideration and is a guide for use by operators in the application of UDC for specialized services. + +# --- Annex A: Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|-----|-------------------------------------------------|-----|-------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| 2011-11 | SP-54 | SP-110697 | -- | -- | Presentation to SA for information and approval | -- | -- | 1.0.0 | +| 2012-12 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Publication | -- | 1.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43005/3084f66c81a49b6225666f212179642c_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43005/3084f66c81a49b6225666f212179642c_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 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b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43005/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7fe4f8381720dbaddecb13cd61ccf6cb777c390a --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43005/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,681 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 1.1 References ..... | 5 | +| 1.2 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 2 General..... | 6 | +| 3 Performance design objectives..... | 6 | +| 3.1 General ..... | 6 | +| 3.2 MSCs..... | 6 | +| 3.2.1 Reference loads ..... | 6 | +| 3.2.1.1 Reference load on incoming interexchange circuits ..... | 6 | +| 3.2.1.2 Reference load for MS calls..... | 6 | +| 3.2.1.3 Impact of supplementary services..... | 7 | +| 3.2.2 Inadequately handled call attempts..... | 7 | +| 3.2.2.1 Definition ..... | 7 | +| 3.2.2.2 Probability of inadequately handled call attempts occurring..... | 7 | +| 3.2.3 Delay probability ..... | 8 | +| 3.2.3.1 User signalling acknowledgement delay ..... | 8 | +| 3.2.3.2 Signalling transfer delay ..... | 8 | +| 3.2.3.3 Through connection delay ..... | 8 | +| 3.2.3.4 Incoming call indication sending delay - (for terminating and internal traffic connections) ..... | 9 | +| 3.2.3.5 Connection release delay ..... | 10 | +| 3.2.3.6 Call clearing delay ..... | 10 | +| 3.2.3.7 Timing for start of charging (circuit switched calls) ..... | 10 | +| 3.2.3.8 Call set-up delay ..... | 10 | +| 3.2.3.9 Handover delay ..... | 10 | +| 3.2.3.10 Off-air-call-set-up (OACSU) delay ..... | 11 | +| 3.2.3.11 Discontinuous reception mode delay ..... | 11 | +| 3.2.4 Call processing performance objectives ..... | 11 | +| 3.2.4.1 Premature release..... | 11 | +| 3.2.4.2 Release failure..... | 11 | +| 3.2.4.3 Incorrect charging or accounting ..... | 11 | +| 3.2.4.4 Misrouting..... | 11 | +| 3.2.4.5 No tone..... | 11 | +| 3.2.4.6 Other failures ..... | 12 | +| 3.2.4.7 Transmission performance..... | 12 | +| 3.2.4.8 Slip rate ..... | 12 | +| 3.2.5 MSC performance during overload conditions ..... | 12 | +| 3.3 Performance design objectives for HLRs..... | 12 | +| 3.3.1 Reference loads ..... | 12 | +| 3.3.2 Objectives ..... | 12 | +| 3.4 Performance design objectives for VLRs..... | 12 | +| 3.4.1 Reference loads ..... | 12 | +| 3.4.2 Objectives ..... | 12 | +| 4 Transmission characteristics ..... | 13 | +| 4.1 General ..... | 13 | +| 4.1.1 BS-MSC path..... | 13 | +| 4.1.2 MSC..... | 13 | +| 4.2 System delay distribution..... | 13 | +| 4.2.1 Speech channel delay ..... | 13 | +| 4.2.2 Data channel delay ..... | 15 | +| Annex A (informative): Change Request History..... | 20 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document contains technical performance objectives that should be met for the fixed infrastructure of GSM PLMNs. Concerning transmission delay for the PLMN in clause 4, the requirements should also be met by GSM Mobile Stations (MS)s. + +These performance design objectives are applicable to all implementations at all points in the growth cycle up to the maximum size. These reference loads and performance objectives may be used by manufacturers in designing GSM PLMNs and by Administrations or Recognised Private Operating Agencies (RPOA)s in evaluating a specific design or for comparing different designs for potential use in the Administration's or RPOA's intended implementation. + +## 1.1 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document. + +- [1] Void. +- [2] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 43.050: "Transmission planning aspects of the speech service in the GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) system". +- [4] 3GPP TS 45.010: "Radio subsystem synchronization". +- [5] ITU-T Recommendation E.600: "Terms and definitions of traffic engineering". +- [6] ITU-T Recommendation G.921: "Digital sections based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy". +- [7] ITU-T Recommendation Q.541: "Digital exchange design objectives - General". +- [8] ITU-T Recommendation Q.543: "Digital exchange performance design objectives". +- [9] ITU-T Recommendation Q.551: "Transmission characteristics of digital exchanges". +- [10] ITU-T Recommendation Q.554: "Transmission characteristics at digital interfaces of a digital exchange". +- [11] ITU-T Recommendation Q.702: "Specifications of Signalling System No. 7 - Signalling data link". +- [12] ITU-T Recommendation Q.706: "Message transfer part signalling performance". +- [13] ITU-T Recommendation V.110: "Support of data terminal equipments (DTEs) with V-Series interfaces by an integrated services digital network". +- [14] CEPT Recommendation T/S 64-30: "Digital exchange performance design objectives". +- [15] 3GPP TS 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications" +- [16] 3GPP TS 11.30: "Mobile Services Switching Centre Phase 1" +- [17] 3GPP TS 11.31: "Home Location Register Specification Phase 1" +- [18] 3GPP TS 11.32: "Visitor Location Register Specification Phase 1" + +## 1.2 Abbreviations + +Abbreviations used in the present document are listed in 3GPP TS 21.905 [15]. + +# --- 2 General + +For terminology and architecture for GSM PLMNs see 3GPP TS 23.002 [2]. + +Interfaces, interface characteristics, connections through an MSC and ancillary functions of the MSC are defined in 3GPP TS 11.30 [16]. + +The functions supported by HLRs and VLRs are given in 3GPP TS 11.31 [17] and 11.32 [18]. + +Each MSC will be responsible for synchronisation, if required, with the fixed network to which it is connected. The requirements of ITU-T Recommendation Q.541 should be observed. + +Timing and synchronisation of the radio subsystem is specified in the 3GPP TS 45.010 [4]. + +# --- 3 Performance design objectives + +## 3.1 General + +Part of the text is taken from ITU-T Recommendation Q.543 and part from CEPT Recommendation T/S 64-30. + +## 3.2 MSCs + +### 3.2.1 Reference loads + +The reference loads are traffic load conditions under which the performance design objectives stated below are to be met. The following reference loads are defined. + +- a) Reference load for incoming inter-exchange circuits; +- b) Reference load for circuit switched MS calls. + +Reference load A is intended to represent the normal upper mean level of activity which Administrations or RPOAs would wish to provide for MSs, BS-MSC circuits and inter-exchange circuits. Reference load B is intended to represent an increased level beyond normal planned activity levels. + +#### 3.2.1.1 Reference load on incoming interexchange circuits + +- a) Reference load A + - 0,7 Erlang average occupancy on all incoming circuits with 35 call attempts/hour/incoming circuit. +This figure assumes 45 % ineffective call attempts. +- b) Reference load B + - 0,85 Erlang average occupancy on all incoming circuits with 42 call attempts/hour/incoming circuit. + +#### 3.2.1.2 Reference load for MS calls + +MS calls comprise MS originating and MS terminating traffic. Terminating call attempts from PSTN/ISDN to the MS are measured at the PSTN/ISDN interface of the PLMN. Terminating call attempts as part of the intra-PLMN MS-to-MS call attempts are measured at the GMSC functionality in the VMSC. + +##### a) Reference load A + +**Table 1: Traffic model for circuit switched MS calls** + +| MS type | Average traffic intensity (Erl/sbscr) | Average BHCA/sbscr | Overall mean holding time (s) | +|---------|---------------------------------------|--------------------|-------------------------------| +| W | 0.010 | 0.60 | 60 | +| X | 0.018 | 1.00 | 65 | +| Y | 0.030 | 1.50 | 72 | +| Z | 0.050 | 2.00 | 90 | + +The data sets for MS types W through Y are chosen to cover field observations in various continents, countries and regions. With an increase of traffic per subscriber, the overall mean holding time tends to increase. The set Z is chosen as an extreme value, expressing the expectation that such a large value should only be observed in association with a substantially increased overall mean holding time. + +##### b) Reference load B + +Reference load B is defined as a traffic increase over reference load A of: + ++ 20% in Erlangs and. + ++ 20% in BHCA. + +#### 3.2.1.3 Impact of supplementary services + +If the reference model MSC assumes that significant use is made of supplementary services, the performance of the MSC can be strongly affected, especially in designs where processor capacity can become a limiting item. The performance delays recommended can be significantly lengthened at a given call load under such circumstances. The Administration or Operating Agency defining the reference model should estimate the fractions of calls which use various supplementary services so that an average processor impact relative to a basic telephone call can be calculated. + +### 3.2.2 Inadequately handled call attempts + +#### 3.2.2.1 Definition + +Inadequately handled call attempts are attempts which are blocked (as defined in ITU-T E.600 series of Recommendations) or are excessively delayed within the exchange. "Excessive delays" are those that are greater than three times the "0,95 probability of not exceeding" values recommended in the tables. + +For originating and transit calls, this inadequately handled call attempt parameter applies only when there is at least one appropriate outlet available. + +#### 3.2.2.2 Probability of inadequately handled call attempts occurring + +The values in table 2 are recommended. + +**Table 2** + +| Type of connection | Reference Load A | Reference load B | +|--------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------| +| Internal | $\leq 10^{-2}$ | $\leq 4 \times 10^{-2}$ | +| Originating | $\leq 5 \times 10^{-3}$ | $\leq 3 \times 10^{-2}$ | +| Terminating | $\leq 2 \times 10^{-3}$ | $\leq 2 \times 10^{-2}$ | +| Transit | $\leq 10^{-3}$ | $\leq 10^{-2}$ | + +### 3.2.3 Delay probability + +The following notes apply to the delay parameters included in this section: + +- 1) The term "mean value" is understood as the expected value in the probabilistic sense. +- 2) The terms "received from" and "passed to" the signalling system are meant to be that instant at which the information is exchanged between the signalling data link (layer 1) and the signalling link functions (layer 2) in ITU-T Signalling System No. 7. For Dm channel signalling it is designated as that instant when the information is exchanged between the data link layer (layer 2) and the network layer (layer 3) by means of primitives. Consequently, the specified time intervals exclude the layer 1 and layer 2 times. However, they do include queuing delay in the absence of disturbances, but not additional queuing caused by retransmission of signalling messages. +- 3) It is indicated where processing phases handled in entities other than the MSC/VLR are included in the defined call phases; estimates likely to give the correct order of magnitude for the overall delay are given. This makes it easy to re-use monitoring equipment available for exchanges for the MSC/VLR. It also gives an indication of the call handling delays to be expected in a mobile network. + +#### 3.2.3.1 User signalling acknowledgement delay + +User signalling acknowledgement delay is the interval from the instant a user signalling message has been received from Dm channel until a message acknowledging the receipt of that message is passed back from the MSC to Dm channel. Examples of such messages are SETUP ACKNOWLEDGEMENT to SETUP, CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT to CONNECT, and RELEASE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT to RELEASE. + +The values in table 3 are recommended. + +**Table 3** + +| | Reference load A | Reference load B | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------| +| Mean value | <400 ms | <800 ms | +| 0.95 probability of not exceeding | 600 ms | 1000 ms | + +#### 3.2.3.2 Signalling transfer delay + +The MSC signalling transfer delay is the time taken for the MSC to transfer a message from one signalling system to another with minimal or no other exchange actions required. The interval is measured from the instant that a message is received from a signalling system until the moment the corresponding message is passed to another signalling system. Examples of messages are ALERT to ADDRESS COMPLETE, ADDRESS COMPLETE to ADDRESS COMPLETE, CONNECT to ANSWER, RELEASE to DISCONNECT etc. The values in table 4 are recommended for originating and terminating connections. + +**Table 4** + +| | Reference load A | Reference load B | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------| +| Mean value | <200 ms | <350 ms | +| 0.95 probability of not exceeding | 400 ms | 700 ms | + +#### 3.2.3.3 Through connection delay + +- a) For originating outgoing traffic through connection delay is defined as the interval from the instant that the signalling information required for setting up a connection through the MSC is received from the incoming signalling system to the instant that the transmission path is available for carrying traffic between the incoming and out going terminations on the MSC. + +Switching through for mobile originating calls outgoing from the MSC occurs in two stages. The first stage is for the backward path with the delay between SETUP from the MS and JOIN\_PATH for the B side. The second stage is for the forward path with the delay between ANSWER and JOIN\_PATH for the A side. + +The first stage encompasses the call set-up delay, hence the recommended values for the Call Set-up Delay in Section 3.2.3.8 apply. + +The second stage encompasses the signalling transfer delay between ANSWER and CONNECT, hence the Signalling Transfer Delay in Section 3.2.3.2 applies. + +- b) for internal and terminating traffic the through connection delay is defined as the interval from the instant that the CONNECT message is received from the Dm channel until the through connection is established and available for carrying traffic and the ANSWER and CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT messages have been passed to the appropriate signalling systems. + +The values in table 5 are recommended. + +**Table 5** + +| | Reference load A | Reference load B | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------| +| Mean value | ≤250 ms | ≤400 ms | +| 0.95 probability of not exceeding | 300 ms | 600 ms | + +#### 3.2.3.4 Incoming call indication sending delay - (for terminating and internal traffic connections) + +The incoming call indication sending delay is defined as the interval from the instant at which the necessary signalling information is received from the signalling system to the instant at which the SETUP message is passed to the signalling system of the called subscriber. + +This phase contains three parts that are handled in the BSS or in the MS, namely + +- paging; +- RACH and SDCCH signalling for access to the network; +- authentication. + +The recommended delays in tables 7 and 8 include estimates of these delays together with the MSC processing. + +In the case of overlap sending in the incoming signalling system, the values in table 6 are recommended. + +**Table 6** + +| | Reference load A | Reference load B | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------| +| Mean value | ≤4000 ms | ≤4700 ms | +| 0.95 probability of not exceeding | 4700 ms | 5200 ms | + +In the case of en-bloc sending in the incoming signalling system, the values in table 7 are recommended. + +**Table 7** + +| | Reference load A | Reference load B | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------| +| Mean value | ≤4600 ms | ≤4900 ms | +| 0.95 probability of not exceeding | 4900 ms | 5300 ms | + +#### 3.2.3.5 Connection release delay + +Connection release delay is defined as the interval from the instant when DISCONNECT or RELEASE message is received from a signalling system until the instant when the connection is no longer available for use on the call (and is available for use on another call) and a corresponding RELEASE or DISCONNECT message is passed to the other signalling system involved in the connection. The values in table 8 are recommended. + +**Table 8** + +| | Reference load A | Reference load B | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------| +| Mean value | ≤250 ms | ≤400 ms | +| 0.95 probability of not exceeding | 300 ms | 700 ms | + +#### 3.2.3.6 Call clearing delay + +Disconnect and call clearing will usually be performed at the same time. However, on certain calls it may be necessary for an exchange to retain call references after disconnect has occurred, until a clearing message is received. The exchange may then discard the call reference information. The corresponding RELEASE message must be passed on to other involved signalling systems in the interval allowed for signalling transfer delay. + +#### 3.2.3.7 Timing for start of charging (circuit switched calls) + +When required, timing for charging at the MSC where this function is performed, shall begin after receipt of an ANSWER indication from a connecting exchange or the called user. The start of timing for charging should occur within the intervals recommended in table 9: + +**Table 9** + +| | Reference load A | Reference load B | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------| +| Mean value | ≤100 ms | ≤175 ms | +| 0.95 probability of not exceeding | 200 ms | 350 ms | + +#### 3.2.3.8 Call set-up delay + +The call set-up delay for mobile originating calls outgoing from the MSC is measured from SETUP received until IAM sent. This phase also contains the assignment of the air interface traffic channel performed in the BSS. It is assumed that all call handling data are available in the VLR at set-up time. + +The values in table 10 are recommended. + +**Table 10** + +| | Reference load A | Reference load B | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------| +| Mean value | ≤1900 ms | ≤2200 ms | +| 0.95 probability of not exceeding | 2100 ms | 2400 ms | + +#### 3.2.3.9 Handover delay + +Two cases are to be defined + +- between BSs of the same MSC; +- between BSs of different MSCs. + +objectives are for further study and should include: + +- interruption of communication path; +- probability of success where initiation was successful. + +#### 3.2.3.10 Off-air-call-set-up (OACSU) delay + +OACSU delay is the extra delay in switching the speech path from A- to B-subscriber because of seizing the radio path after the B-subscriber has hooked-off. It is defined as the interval that the answer indication is received from the B-subscriber until the instant when the radio path has been successfully seized. + +The values in table 11 are recommended. + +**Table 11** + +| | Reference load A | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Mean value | $\leq 1000$ ms | +| 0.95 probability of not exceeding | 5000 ms | + +#### 3.2.3.11 Discontinuous reception mode delay + +For further study. + +### 3.2.4 Call processing performance objectives + +#### 3.2.4.1 Premature release + +The probability that an MSC malfunction will result in the premature release of an established connection in any one minute interval should be: + +$$p \leq 2 \times 10^{-5}$$ + +#### 3.2.4.2 Release failure + +The probability that an MSC malfunction will prevent the required release of a connection should be: + +$$p \leq 2 \times 10^{-5}$$ + +#### 3.2.4.3 Incorrect charging or accounting + +The probability of a call attempt receiving incorrect charging treatment due to an MSC malfunction should be: + +$$p \leq 10^{-4}$$ + +#### 3.2.4.4 Misrouting + +The probability of a call being misrouted following receipt by the MSC of a valid address should be: + +$$p \leq 10^{-4}$$ + +#### 3.2.4.5 No tone + +The probability of a call attempt encountering no tone following receipt of a valid address by the MSC should be: + +$$p \leq 10^{-4}$$ + +#### 3.2.4.6 Other failures + +The probability of the MSC causing a call failure for any other reason not identified specifically above should be: + +$$p \leq 10^{-4}$$ + +#### 3.2.4.7 Transmission performance + +The probability of a connection being established with an unacceptable transmission quality across the exchange should be: + +$$p(\text{unacceptable transmission}) \leq 10^{-5}$$ + +The transmission quality across the exchange is said to be unacceptable when the bit error ratio is above alarm condition. + +NOTE: The alarm condition has yet to be defined. + +#### 3.2.4.8 Slip rate + +The slip rate under normal conditions is covered in ITU-T Recommendation Q.541. + +### 3.2.5 MSC performance during overload conditions + +The requirements stated in ITU-T Recommendation Q.543 should be met. + +## 3.3 Performance design objectives for HLRs + +### 3.3.1 Reference loads + +- a) Reference load for call handling: 0,4 transactions per subscriber per hour. +- b) Reference load for mobility management: 1,8 transactions per subscriber per hour. + +### 3.3.2 Objectives + +The following objectives for delay times are independent of the size of the HLR and are 95% values. + +- a) The probability of loosing messages should be according to the ITU-T Recommendation Q.706: + +$$p(\text{loosing messages}) \leq 10^{-7}$$ + +- b) The delay for retrieval of information from the HLR (retrieval on a per call basis, retrieval of the authentication etc.) should be less than 1000 ms +- 2c) The delay for location registration in the HLR should be less than 2000 ms. + +## 3.4 Performance design objectives for VLRs + +### 3.4.1 Reference loads + +- a) Reference load for call handling: 1,5 transactions per subscriber per hour +- b) Reference load for mobility management: 8,5 transactions per subscriber per hour. + +### 3.4.2 Objectives + +The same objectives as for HLRs apply (see section 3.3.2). + +# --- 4 Transmission characteristics + +## 4.1 General + +### 4.1.1 BS-MSC path + +The performance objectives of BS-MSC path are dependent on length of the link and therefore they will be decided on national basis. However, they should be fixed taken into account ITU-T Recommendation G.921. + +### 4.1.2 MSC + +The MSC should meet the transmission objectives of digital exchanges as specified in ITU-T Recommendation Q.551 and Q.554. + +## 4.2 System delay distribution + +3GPP TS 03.50 specifies an overall transmission delay objective throughout the PLMN for speech channels for reasons of subjective speech quality. Since this transmission delay objective includes several physical network elements, this section specifies transmission delay values allocated to each of them. Due to in-band protocols implemented in the + +GSM PLMN with timers running across several network entities, also the transmission delay for data channels must be limited and allocated to the physical network elements. + +### 4.2.1 Speech channel delay + +The main problem arising from an excessive delay occurs in a speech channel because of subjective effects of echo and simultaneous speech in both directions. To minimise these effects a both way speech delay of 180 ms between the Mouth Reference Point (MRP)/ Ear Reference Point (ERP) in the MS and the Point Of Interconnection (POI) with the PSTN/ISDN has been specified in 3GPP TS 03.50 as an objective for the GSM PLMN operator when constructing his network. + +This delay for the full rate speech channel has been loosely allocated to the various system entities as follows and illustrated in fig 4/1 and fig 4/2. The detailed delay figures internal to a system entity are only indicative. The total delay allowance allocated to any of the system entities should, however, not be exceeded. The propagation delay through the PLMN is not included. It should be noted that even if the sum of allocated delay values may exceed 180 ms in some cases, the long-term objective is still to keep the overall PLMN transmission round-trip delay below 180 ms. + +The allocated delay allowances are indicated as either system dependent or implementation dependent. By system dependent it is meant that the delay values are worst-case delay values given by system-given units of time, and cannot be changed. By implementation dependent it is meant that the values depend on the technology used, and that the values allocated have been fixed as upper bounds by realistic judgement. + +NOTE: The various figures allocated to the various network entities given in these delay budgets are for guidance to network operators for network planning. It is up to the operator to provide other figures, if required. + +![Figure 4/1a: Downlink delay distribution for TCH/FS (16Kbit/s Abis). A diagram showing delay components across MSC, BSC, BTS, and MS entities. The MSC section includes Techo (1.0), Tmsc (0.5), and margin (0.5). The BSC section includes Tbsc (0.5), Tsample (20.0), Tsps (1.6), Tabisd (17.4), and margin (0.5). The BTS section includes Tbuff (1.25), Tencode (1.6), and margin (0.45). The MS section includes Trftx (37.5), Trxproc (8.8), Tproc (1.5), margin (3.0), and Td/a (1.0). Cumulative delays are shown as 2.0 ms at the MSC/BSC boundary, 40.0 ms at the BSC/BTS boundary, 40.8 ms at the BTS/MS boundary, and 14.3 ms at the MS internal boundary. The total downlink delay is 97.1 ms.](9d1abc573e35610946ece87a18cbe862_img.jpg) + +Figure 4/1a: Downlink delay distribution for TCH/FS (16Kbit/s Abis). A diagram showing delay components across MSC, BSC, BTS, and MS entities. The MSC section includes Techo (1.0), Tmsc (0.5), and margin (0.5). The BSC section includes Tbsc (0.5), Tsample (20.0), Tsps (1.6), Tabisd (17.4), and margin (0.5). The BTS section includes Tbuff (1.25), Tencode (1.6), and margin (0.45). The MS section includes Trftx (37.5), Trxproc (8.8), Tproc (1.5), margin (3.0), and Td/a (1.0). Cumulative delays are shown as 2.0 ms at the MSC/BSC boundary, 40.0 ms at the BSC/BTS boundary, 40.8 ms at the BTS/MS boundary, and 14.3 ms at the MS internal boundary. The total downlink delay is 97.1 ms. + +Figure 4/1a: Downlink delay distribution for TCH/FS (16Kbit/s Abis) + +![Figure 4/1b: Uplink delay distribution for TCH/FS (16Kbit/s Abis). A diagram showing delay components across MS, BTS, BSC, and MSC entities. The MS section includes Ta/d (2.0), Tsample (3.0), Tencode (20.0), Ttransc (8.0), margin (1.6), and Trftx (37.5). The BTS section includes Tabisu (8.8), margin (3.0), Trxproc (4.0), and margin (0.5). The BSC section includes Tbsc (1.5), Tproc (0.5), and margin (0.5). The MSC section includes Tmsc (0.5) and margin (0.5). Cumulative delays are shown as 1.0 ms at the MS/BTS boundary, 2.5 ms at the BTS/BSC boundary, 15.8 ms at the BSC/MSC boundary, and 72.1 ms at the MSC internal boundary. The total uplink delay is 91.4 ms.](3084f66c81a49b6225666f212179642c_img.jpg) + +Figure 4/1b: Uplink delay distribution for TCH/FS (16Kbit/s Abis). A diagram showing delay components across MS, BTS, BSC, and MSC entities. The MS section includes Ta/d (2.0), Tsample (3.0), Tencode (20.0), Ttransc (8.0), margin (1.6), and Trftx (37.5). The BTS section includes Tabisu (8.8), margin (3.0), Trxproc (4.0), and margin (0.5). The BSC section includes Tbsc (1.5), Tproc (0.5), and margin (0.5). The MSC section includes Tmsc (0.5) and margin (0.5). Cumulative delays are shown as 1.0 ms at the MS/BTS boundary, 2.5 ms at the BTS/BSC boundary, 15.8 ms at the BSC/MSC boundary, and 72.1 ms at the MSC internal boundary. The total uplink delay is 91.4 ms. + +Figure 4/1b: Uplink delay distribution for TCH/FS (16Kbit/s Abis) + +![](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +| MSC | | | BSC | | BTS | | | | MS | | | | | +|-------|--------|------|------|--------|---------|---------|--------|-------|---------|--------|-------|------|-----| +| Techo | margin | Tmsc | Tbsc | margin | Tsample | Tencode | margin | Trftx | Trxproc | margin | Tproc | Td/a | | +| 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 20.0 | 8.0 | 1.6 | 3.0 | 37.5 | 8.8 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 1.0 | +| 2.0 | | | 1.0 | | 70.1 | | | | 14.3 | | | | | +| 71.1 | | | | | | | | | 87.4 | | | | | + +NOTE: all figures in ms + +**Figure 4/2a: Downlink delay distribution for TCH/FS (64 Kbit/s Abis)** + +![](a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg) + +| MSC | | BSC | | BTS | | | | MS | | | | | +|------|--------|------|--------|-------|--------|---------|-------|---------|---------|--------|---------|------| +| Tmsc | margin | Tbsc | margin | Tproc | margin | Trxproc | Trftx | Tencode | Tsample | margin | Ttransc | Ta/d | +| 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 8.8 | 3.0 | 37.5 | 1.6 | 8.0 | 20.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 | +| 1.0 | | 1.0 | | 13.3 | | | 72.1 | | | | | | +| 14.3 | | | | | | | 87.4 | | | | | | + +NOTE: all figures in ms + +**Figure 4/2b: Uplink delay distribution for TCH/FS (64 Kbit/s Abis)** + +BSS internal delay values (indicative): + +- Tsample:** The duration of the segment of PCM speech operated on by the full-rate speech transcoder (system dependent). +- Trftx:** The time required for transmission of a TCH radio interface frame over the air interface due to the interleaving and de-interleaving (given in table 4/2) (system dependent). +- Tabisu:** The time required to transmit the first 56 speech frame data bits (bits C12-C15, D1-D56 and 4 synchronization bits - 64 bits) over the 16 kbit/s A-bis-interface in the uplink direction (system dependent). +- Tabisd:** The time required to transmit the 260 speech frame data bits (bits D1-D260, C16 and 17 synchronization bits - 278 bits) over the 16 kbit/s A-bis-interface in the downlink direction (system dependent). +- Tbuff:** Due to the time alignment procedure for inband control of the remote transcoder in case of a 16 kbit/s A-bis-interface in the downlink direction, it is required to have a buffer in the BTS of 1 ms + one 250 us regulation step (system dependent). +- Tbsc:** Switching delay in the BSC (implementation dependent). +- Ttransc:** The speech encoder processing time, from input of the last PCM sample to output of the final encoded bit (implementation dependent). +- Tsp:** Delay of the speech encoder after reception of the last PCM sample until availability of the first encoded bit (implementation dependent). +- Tencode:** The time required for the channel encoder to perform channel encoding (implementation dependent). +- Trxproc:** The time required after reception over the radio interface to perform equalization, channel decoding and SID-frame detection (implementation dependent). + +Tproc: The time required after reception of the first RPE-sample to process the speech encoded data for the full-rate speech decoder and to produce the first PCM output sample (implementation dependent). + +BSS external delay values (indicative): + +Techo: Delay due to the echo canceller. + +Tmsc: Switching delay in the MSC. + +### 4.2.2 Data channel delay + +The service requirements on excessive transmission delays for data channels are not as stringent as for speech channels. However, two overall requirements apply: + +1. Proper operation of the RLP protocol with the timers T1 and T2 residing in the MSC/IWF and in the MS/TA must be ensured, and thus the round-trip delay between those network entities must be low enough to avoid time-outs of the RLP retransmission timer T1 (Round-trip delay $< T1 - T2$ ). This applies to non-transparent data only. +2. Proper operation of any end-to-end acknowledged protocols must be ensured in a similar manner. This applies to all data channels. + +The transmission delay requirements for data channels have been allocated to the various system entities as follows and as illustrated in figures 4/3 and 4/4, for transparent and non-transparent data separately, and the requirements in the budgets should apply to all full-rate or half-rate channels, whether synchronous or asynchronous. The contributions to the round-trip transmission delay seen by the RLP are also indicated. It should be noted that these concern the transmission delay part only, and that the timer T2 must be added in order to find the limits for T1. The detailed delay figures internal to a system entity are only indicative. The total delay allowance allocated to any of the system entities should, however, not be exceeded. The propagation delay through the PLMN is not included. + +The allocated delay allowances are indicated as either system dependent or implementation dependent. By system dependent it is meant that the delay values are worst-case delay values given by system-given units of time, and cannot be changed. By implementation dependent it is meant that the values depend on the technology used, and that the values allocated have been fixed as upper bounds by realistic judgement. + +It should be noted that the actual delay distribution for a specific data channel in most cases will have a lower total transmission delay than indicated in the budgets, which show the worst-cases. + +It should also be noted that the budgets apply to perfect conditions, i.e. no errors over the radio path (implying no re-transmissions) and no flow control. It should be noted, however, that in a real life situation any errors on the radio path may increase the transmission delay and/or decrease the RLP throughput, and that the flow control buffer limits for XON/XOFF will under continuous flow control have a direct impact on the transmission delay, giving an additional delay contribution directly given by these buffer limits. + +The following delay values are specific to data traffic channels: + +Transparent data only: + +Tchar: The time needed in the IWF and TA to receive a character at the user bit-rate in the transmit direction for bit-to-character conversion (given in table 4/3) (system dependent). + +Tra0: The time required for buffering in the IWF and TA in the transmit direction for asynchronous-to-synchronous conversion and overspeed/underspeed detection and correction. This delay corresponds to Tchar above (given in table 4/3) (system dependent). + +Tnic: The time needed in the IWF in each direction for buffering for Network Independent Clocking. This time corresponds to one V.110 frame (system dependent). + +Non-transparent data only: + +TI2runit: The necessary time in the IWF and TA in the transmit direction to convert the incoming user data bit stream into interpretable data units, e.g. characters (character oriented without framing) or data frames (e.g. bit oriented data like HDLC) (system dependent). + +TI2rbuft: Worst-case delay in the IWF and TA in the transmit direction required for buffering in the L2R in order to assemble one PDU (system dependent). + +- Tprotpr: Processing time used in the IWF and TA by the L2R and the RLP in the transmit or receive direction (implementation dependent). +- Trlpbuf: Worst-case buffering delay in the IWF and TA required by the RLP in the transmit direction in order to synchronize one PDU towards the radio interface transmission (system dependent). +- Trlpbuf: Worst-case delay in the IWF in the receive direction required for buffering in the RLP in order to assemble one PDU, before checksum calculation can be carried out (system dependent). +- Tl2rbu: Worst-case buffering delay in the IWF and TA required by the L2R in the receive direction in order to synchronize one PDU with the L2R user (system dependent). + +Transparent and non-transparent data: + +- Tiwfpr: Processing time in the IWF in the downlink or in the uplink direction (implementation dependent). +- Tabisf: Worst-case delay over the A-bis-interface due to non-synchronized A-bis-interface transmission. This delay corresponds to one TRAU frame (system dependent). +- Tdframe: Additional delay to Tabisf in the downlink direction in order to receive a full radio interface data TCH frame over the A-bis-interface, so that channel encoding can start. The data TCH frame length is given in table 4/1 and Tdframe is summarized in table 4/4 (system dependent). +- Talignd: The time needed to wait in the downlink in order to align the received data over the A-bis-interface to the radio interface TDMA frame structure. This time corresponds to one TDMA-frame for full-rate channels and two for half-rate channels (system dependent). +- Tframe: Delay in the uplink direction in the MS in order to receive a full radio interface data TCH frame over the user interface, so that channel encoding can start. The data TCH frame length is given in table 4/1 (system dependent). +- Tdbuff: Additional buffering needed in the TA in the uplink direction with respect to Tframe allowing a total buffering of four V.110 frames. The V.110 frame length is given in table 4/1, and Tdbuff is summarized in table 4/4 (system dependent). +- Talignu: The time needed to wait in order to align the received uplink data over the user interface to the radio interface TDMA frame structure. This time corresponds to one TDMA-frame for full-rate channels and two for half-rate channels (system dependent). +- Ttaprocd: Processing time required in the TA in the downlink direction for terminal adaptation (implementation dependent). +- Ttaprocu: Processing time required in the TA in the uplink direction for terminal adaptation (implementation dependent). + +Other delay values indicated in the budgets for data traffic channels are defined as for speech channels. Margins are allocated to each system entity for the total implementation dependent part of the delay contributions, considering the amount of processes in each entity and the amount of data processed. Those operations not included explicitly in the budget are considered only to add minimal delays and are thus considered to be covered by the margins. + +The data channel delay budgets for a 64 kbit/s and a 16 kbit/s A-bis-interface are essentially the same, the only difference being a reduction in rate adaptation functions in the 64 kbit/s case and a possible non-synchronized transmission over the 16 kbit/s A-bis-interface (Tabisf). Thus only the 16 kbit/s A-bis-interface is illustrated, and for this option only the worst-cases. The budgets in figures 4/3 and 4/4 apply, hence, also to the case of a 64 kbit/s A-bis-interface. For the case of the integrated BSS the delay budget for the BSS shall contain the sum of the allowances for the BSC and the BTS. + +**Table 4/1: Radio interface and V.110 frame lengths for traffic channels** + +| Traffic channel: | Frame length (ms): | | +|------------------|--------------------|------------| +| | Radio int. (z): | V.110 (r): | +| TCH/FS | 20 | - | +| TCH/HS | [tbd] | - | +| TCH/F9.6 | 20 | 5 | +| TCH/F4.8 | 20 | 10 | +| TCH/H4.8 | 40 | 10 | +| TCH/F2.4 | 0 | 10 | +| TCH/H2.4 | 40 | 10 | + +**Table 4/2: Interleaving/de-interleaving delay for traffic channels** + +| Traffic channel: | Interleaving/deinterleaving
(TDMA-frames/timeslots): | delay (y) (ms) | +|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|----------------| +| TCH/FS | 7+1/1 | 37,5 | +| TCH/HS | [tbd] | [tbd] | +| TCH/F9.6 | 18+3+2/1 | 106,8 | +| TCH/H4.8 | 18+3+2/1 | 106,8 | +| TCH/F4.8 | 36+6+4/1 | 212,9 | +| TCH/F2.4 | 7+1/1 | 37,5 | +| TCH/H2.4 | 36+6+4/1 | 212,9 | + +NOTE: As an example, the TCH/F9.6 has an interleaving depth of 19, resulting in a delay of 18 TDMA-frames and 1 timeslot. Due to the block diagonal interleaving scheme where 4 user data blocks are channel encoded together, it may in the worst-case be necessary to wait for all the 4 subblocks spread over 3 additional TDMA-frames before channel decoding. The channel encoded block will also span a maximum of 2 SACCH frames. + +It may be possible, in practice, to reduce the interleaving delay, $T_{rftx}$ , by processing information before the complete data block is received over the air interface. It may also be possible, in practice, to reduce the impact of $T_{frame}$ by transmitting information over the air interface before the complete data block is encoded. However, due to the less stringent delay requirements on data transmission than on speech transmission, this is considered to unnecessarily constrain the implementation options. + +**Table 4/3: Delays for bit/character conversion (11 bits)** + +| Ruser | Tchar (x): | +|-------------|------------| +| 75 bit/s | 146,7 ms | +| 300 bit/s | 36,7 ms | +| 1 200 bit/s | 9,2 ms | +| 2 400 bit/s | 4,6 ms | +| 4 800 bit/s | 2,3 ms | +| 9 600 bit/s | 1,2 ms | + +**Table 4/4: Tdframe and Tdbuff given for various TCH types** + +| Traffic channel: | Tdframe (u): | Tdbuff (v): | +|------------------|--------------|-------------| +| TCH/FS | - | - | +| TCH/HS | - | - | +| TCH/F9.6 | 0 ms | 0 ms | +| TCH/F4.8 | 0 ms | 20 ms | +| TCH/H4.8 | 20 ms | 0 ms | +| TCH/F2.4 | 0 ms | 20 ms | +| TCH/H2.4 | 20 ms | 0 ms | + +NOTE: The various figures allocated to the various network entities given in these delay budgets are for guidance to network operators for network planning. It is up to the operator to provide other figures, if required. + +The delay value TL2runit has been included in figure 4/4b as "w" ms. No table with values for "w" has been included in the present document since these values will depend on the type of data units the incoming user data bit stream shall be converted into (e.g. conversion into characters or HDLC frames). + +![Figure 4/3a: Worst-case downlink delay distribution for data TCH (transparent data).](9b9d2abd741ed4bafe7f78f89961c663_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the worst-case downlink delay distribution for transparent data TCH across five network elements: MSC/IF, BSC, BTS, Trfx, and MS/TA. The delay components are shown as horizontal segments with associated values in milliseconds (ms). The total delay is broken down into several paths, with the longest path being 87.1/91.7+2x+y+u+r ms. The diagram includes labels for various delay components such as Tchar, Tra0, Tnic, Twfpr, margin, Tmsc, Tbsc, Tabisf, Tdframe, Talignd, Tencode, Trfx, Trxproc, and Tlaprocd, along with their respective margins and variable values (x, y, r, u, w). + +Figure 4/3a: Worst-case downlink delay distribution for data TCH (transparent data). + +Figure 4/3a: Worst-case downlink delay distribution for data TCH (transparent data) + +![Figure 4/3b: Worst-case uplink delay distribution for data TCH (transparent data).](8592a32c2fdf17c1e562f0ba6b7e8e1a_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the worst-case uplink delay distribution for transparent data TCH across five network elements: MS/TA, Trfx, BTS, BSC, and MSC/IF. The delay components are shown as horizontal segments with associated values in milliseconds (ms). The total delay is broken down into several paths, with the longest path being 107.1/111.7+y+v+r+2x ms. The diagram includes labels for various delay components such as Tnic, Twfpr, margin, Tmsc, Tbsc, Tabisf, Trxproc, Tmargin, Trfx, Tencode, Tframe, Tdbuff, Talignd, margin, Tlaprocd, Tra0, Tchar, and margin, along with their respective margins and variable values (x, y, r, u, w). + +Figure 4/3b: Worst-case uplink delay distribution for data TCH (transparent data). + +Figure 4/3b: Worst-case uplink delay distribution for data TCH (transparent data) + +NOTE: All figures are in ms. The values of x, y, r, u and v depend on the user bitrate, ranging from 75 - 9600 bit/s, and the data TCH type. + +![Figure 4/4a: Worst-case downlink delay distribution for data TCH (non-transparent data).](3fa8bfee86764e3c3a1a6fbbe61bbd52_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the worst-case downlink delay distribution for non-transparent data TCH across five network elements: MSC/IF, BSC, BTS, Trfx, and MS/TA. The delay components are shown as horizontal segments with associated values in milliseconds (ms). The total delay is broken down into several paths, with the longest path being 91.1/95.7+y+u+3z+w ms. The diagram includes labels for various delay components such as TL2unit, Twfpr, margin, TL2buf, Tprotpr, Tripbuf, Tmsc, Tbsc, Tabisf, Tdframe, Talignd, Tencode, margin, Trfx, Trxproc, margin, Tprotpr, TL2buf, Tlaprocd, and margin, along with their respective margins and variable values (x, y, r, u, w, z). + +Figure 4/4a: Worst-case downlink delay distribution for data TCH (non-transparent data). + +Figure 4/4a: Worst-case downlink delay distribution for data TCH (non-transparent data) + +![Figure 4/4b: Worst-case uplink delay distribution for data TCH (non-transparent data).](e928f4874ed492d3ad4c6fa2d29aedbc_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the worst-case uplink delay distribution for non-transparent data TCH across five network elements: MS/TA, Trfx, BTS, BSC, and MSC/IF. The delay components are shown as horizontal segments with associated values in milliseconds (ms). The total delay is broken down into several paths, with the longest path being 111.1/115.7+y+v+4z+w ms. The diagram includes labels for various delay components such as Twfpr, margin, TL2buf, Tprotpr, Tripbuf, Tmsc, Tbsc, Tabisf, Trxproc, margin, Tencode, Tframe, Tdbuff, Talignd, margin, Tprotpr, TL2buf, Tlaprocd, TL2unit, and margin, along with their respective margins and variable values (x, y, r, u, w, z). + +Figure 4/4b: Worst-case uplink delay distribution for data TCH (non-transparent data). + +Figure 4/4b: Worst-case uplink delay distribution for data TCH (non-transparent data) + +NOTE: All figures are in ms. The values of y, z, u, v and w depend on the data TCH type and the L2R user protocol. $T_{\text{RLP, diwf}}$ and $T_{\text{RLP, uiwf}}$ are the transmission delays seen by the RLP in the IWF in the downlink and uplink respectively. It should be noted that the corresponding transmission delays seen by the TA are given by a symmetrical assessment, but are not identical. The sum of the two, however, is the same. + +# --- Annex A (informative): Change Request History + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|----------|----|-----|--------------------------------|--------|--------|--| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | | +| 2004-12 | SP#26 | | | | Upgraded to Release 6 | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | | +| 2007-06 | CT#36 | | | | Upgraded unchanged from Rel-6 | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | | +| 2008-12 | CT#42 | | | | Upgraded unchanged from Rel-7 | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | | +| 2009-12 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | | +| 2011-03 | CT#57 | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43010/00504fc688ebcf131ccbeff94dfc9939_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43010/00504fc688ebcf131ccbeff94dfc9939_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 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6 | +| 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 9 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations..... | 9 | +| 4 General considerations..... | 10 | +| 4.1 Relationship between lower layer capabilities and radio traffic channels..... | 10 | +| 4.2 Transparent and non-transparent lower layer capabilities ..... | 10 | +| 4.3 The PLMN environment..... | 11 | +| 4.3.1 The hand-over procedure ..... | 11 | +| 4.3.2 DTX procedure..... | 11 | +| 5 Framework for the description of connection types..... | 11 | +| 5.1 Introduction..... | 11 | +| 5.2 Purpose of PLMN connection types ..... | 12 | +| 5.3 Functions associated with a PLMN connection..... | 12 | +| 5.4 Applications of GSM PLMN connection types ..... | 13 | +| 5.5 PLMN connection involving several networks..... | 14 | +| 6 PLMN connection types..... | 15 | +| 6.1 Description of PLMN connection types ..... | 15 | +| 6.1.1 Rate adaptation..... | 15 | +| 6.1.2 Radio Link Protocol ..... | 17 | +| 6.1.3 Layer 2 Relay function..... | 17 | +| 6.1.4 Resources allocated by the PLMN network..... | 17 | +| 6.2 PLMN connection elements..... | 17 | +| 6.3 Rules of association for the attribute values of connection elements and connection types ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.1 Information transfer mode..... | 18 | +| 6.3.2 Information transfer rate (kbit/s)..... | 18 | +| 6.3.3 Information transfer susceptance ..... | 18 | +| 6.3.4 Establishment of connection ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.5 Symmetry ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.6 Connection configuration Topology ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.7 Structure ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.8 Channels..... | 20 | +| 6.3.8.1 Information channel (rate)..... | 20 | +| 6.3.8.2 Signalling channel (rate) ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.9 Connection control protocol..... | 20 | +| 6.3.10 Information transfer coding/protocol ..... | 20 | +| 6.3.11 Further attributes and attribute values..... | 21 | +| 6.4 PLMN connection types for GERAN A/Gb mode ..... | 22 | +| 6.4.1 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for TCH/F4.8 and TCH/F9.6 channel codings)..... | 22 | +| 6.4.2 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for TCH/F14.4 channel coding) ..... | 27 | +| 6.4.3 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for EDGE channels) ..... | 30 | +| 6.5 PLMN connection types for GERAN Iu mode..... | 32 | +| 6.5.1 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for TCH/F9.6 channel coding) ..... | 32 | +| 6.5.2 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for TCH/F14.4 channel coding) ..... | 35 | +| 6.5.3 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for EDGE channels) ..... | 37 | +| 7 Relationship between Telecommunication services and connection types ..... | 39 | +| 7.1 General..... | 39 | +| 7.2 Relationship between Bearer services and connection types..... | 40 | +| 7.3 Relationship between Teleservices and connection types ..... | 40 | +| 7.4 Network capability to support in-call modification ..... | 40 | +| 7.5 Network capability to support channel mode modification..... | 40 | + +**Annex A (informative): List of definitions of PLMN connection type attributes and values ..... 46** + +A.1 Attribute definition and their values ..... 46 + +A.2 Definition of values..... 54 + +**Annex B (informative): Location of the transcoding, multiplexing and RA2 functions ..... 55** + +Annex C (informative): Change History..... 60 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +This specification is only applicable for a GERAN PLMN. In the 2nd generation is this a GSM PLMN. In the 3rd generation is this a PLMN that uses a GERAN as radio access network operating either in A/Gb mode or in Iu mode. + +A PLMN may be described by a limited set of access interfaces (refer to 3GPP TS 24.002 and 22.001) and a limited set of PLMN connection types to support the telecommunication services described in the 3GPP 22-series of specifications. The present document identifies and defines these connection types in so far as they relate to the particular network capabilities for a PLMN. + +The basic lower layer capabilities of a PLMN are represented by a set of PLMN connection types. The definition of a set of PLMN connection types provides the necessary input to identify network capabilities of a PLMN. In addition to describing network capabilities of a PLMN, the identification of connection types facilitates the specification of network-to-network interfaces. It may also assist in the allocation of network performance parameters. + +The present document should be considered in conjunction with other 3GPP specifications with particular reference to 3GPP TS 22.001, 22.002, 22.003, 23.002, 24.002 and 44.004. + +The present document provides a bridge between the service specification in the 3GPP TS 22-series of specifications and the more detailed specifications such as the 3GPP TS 43, 44, 23, 24, 27 and 29 series. As such, it establishes a framework for the specification and understanding of the more detailed specifications. It is therefore not a specification against which detailed conformance testing can be performed. However, it shall be considered mandatory for the understanding of the more detailed specifications and used to resolve issues of conflict in these specifications. + +From R99 onwards the following services are no longer required by a PLMN: + +- the dual Bearer Services “alternate speech/data” and “speech followed by data” +- the dedicated services for PAD and Packet access +- the single asynchronous and synchronous Bearer Services (BS 21..26, BS 31..34) + +From Release 4 onwards the following services are no longer required by a PLMN: + +- the synchronous Bearer Service non-transparent (BS 30 NT). +- the Basic Packet access +- the Teleservice Facsimile non-transparent (TS 61/62 NT). + +If a PLMN network still provides these services it has to fulfil the specification of former releases. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document. + +- [1] Void +- [2] Void +- [3] 3GPP TS 22.001: "Principles of telecommunications services supported by a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)". +- [4] 3GPP TS 22.002: "Circuit Bearer Services (BS) supported by a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)". + +- [5] 3GPP TS 22.003: " Circuit Teleservices supported by a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)". +- [6] Void. +- [7] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network architecture". +- [8] 3GPP TS 23.009: "Handover procedures". +- [9] 3GPP TS 23.034: "High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD) - Stage 2 Service Description". +- [10] 3GPP TS 23.040: "Technical realization of the Short Message Service (SMS) Point-to-Point (PP)". +- [11] 3GPP TS 23.041: "Technical realization of Short Message Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB)". +- [12] 3GPP TS 43.045: " Technical realization of facsimile group 3 transparent". +- [13] 3GPP TS 44.001: " Mobile Station - Base Station System (MS - BSS) interface General aspects and principles". +- [14] 3GPP TS 24.002: " GSM-UMTS Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) access reference configuration". +- [15] 3GPP TS 44.004: " Layer 1 – General Requirements". +- [16] 3GPP TS 44.005: " Data Link (DL) layer; General aspects". +- [17] 3GPP TS 44.006: " Mobile Station - Base Station System (MS - BSS) interface Data Link (DL) layer specification". +- [18] 3GPP TS 24.007: " Mobile radio interface signalling layer 3; General aspects". +- [19] 3GPP TS 24.008: " Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification". +- [20] 3GPP TS 24.011: "Point-to-Point (PP) Short Message Service (SMS) support on mobile radio interface". +- [21] 3GPP TS 24.012: " Short Message Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB) support on the mobile radio interface". +- [22] 3GPP TS 44.021: " Rate adaption on the Mobile Station - Base Station System (MS - BSS) interface". +- [23] 3GPP TS 24.022: " Radio Link Protocol (RLP) for circuit switched bearer and teleservices" +- [24] 3GPP TS 45.001: " Physical layer on the radio path (General description)". +- [25] 3GPP TS 45.003: " Channel coding". +- [26] 3GPP TS 45.008: " Radio subsystem link control". +- [27] 3GPP TS 46.031: " Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) for full rate speech traffic channels". +- [28] 3GPP TS 27.001: " General on Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for Mobile Stations (MS)". +- [29] 3GPP TS 27.002: " Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for services using asynchronous bearer capabilities". +- [30] 3GPP TS 27.003: " Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for services using synchronous bearer capabilities". +- [31] 3GPP TS 48.004: " Base Station System - Mobile-services Switching Centre (BSS - MSC) interface Layer 1 specification". +- [32] 3GPP TS 48.006: " Signalling transport mechanism specification for the Base Station System - Mobile-services Switching Centre (BSS - MSC) interface". +- [33] 3GPP TS 48.008: " Mobile Switching Centre - Base Station System (MSC - BSS) interface Layer 3 specification". +- [34] 3GPP TS 48.020: " Rate adaption on the Base Station System - Mobile-services Switching Centre (BSS - MSC) interface". +- [35] Void. + +- [36] 3GPP TS 29.007: "General requirements on interworking between the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) and the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) or Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)". +- [37] ITU-T Recommendation I.460: "Multiplexing, rate adaption and support of existing interfaces". +- [38] ITU-T Recommendation V.110: "Support of Data Terminal Equipments (DTEs) with V-Series interfaces by an integrated services digital network". +- [39] ITU-T Recommendation V.21: "300 bits per second duplex modem standardised for use in the general switched telephone network". +- [40] ITU-T Recommendation V.22: "1 200 bits per second duplex modem standardised for use in the general switched telephone network and on point-to-point 2-wire leased telephone-type circuits". +- [41] ITU-T Recommendation V.22bis: "2 400 bits per second duplex modem using the frequency division technique standardised for use on the general switched telephone network and on point-to-point 2-wire leased telephone-type circuits". +- [42] ITU-T Recommendation V.24: "List of definitions for interchange circuits between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE)". +- [43] ITU-T Recommendation V.26ter: "2 400 bits per second duplex modem using the echo cancellation technique standardised for use on the general switched telephone network and on point-to-point 2-wire leased telephone-type circuits". +- [44] ITU-T Recommendation V.32: "A family of 2-wire, duplex modems operating at data signalling rates of up to 9 600 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased telephone-type circuits". +- [45] ITU-T Recommendation V.42bis: "Data Compression for Data Circuit terminating Equipment (DCE) using Error Correction Procedures". +- [46] ITU-T Recommendation V.120: "Support by an ISDN of data terminal equipment with V-Series type interfaces with provision for statistical multiplexing". +- [47] ITU-T Recommendation X.21: "Interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) for synchronous operation on public data networks". +- [48] ITU-T Recommendation X.21bis: "Use on public data networks of Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) which is designed for interfacing to synchronous V-series modems". +- [49] ITU-T Recommendation X.25: "Interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) for terminals operating in the packet mode and connected to public data networks by dedicated circuit". +- [50] ITU-T Recommendation X.28: "DTE/DCE interface for a start-stop mode data terminal equipment accessing the Packet Assembly/Disassembly facility (PAD) in a public data network situated in the same country". +- [51] ITU-T Recommendation X.30: "Support of X.21, X.21bis and X.20bis based Data Terminal Equipments (DTEs) by an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)". +- [52] ITU-T Recommendation X.31: "Support of packet mode terminal equipment by an ISDN". +- [53] ITU-T Recommendation X.32: "Interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) for terminals operating in the packet mode and accessing a packet switched public data network through a public switched telephone network or an integrated services digital network or a circuit switched public data network". +- [54] ITU-T Recommendation V.34 (1994): "A modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 28 800 bits for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits". +- [55] ITU-T Recommendation I.440 (1989): "ISDN user-network interface data link layer - General aspects". +- [56] ITU-T Recommendation I.450 (1989): "ISDN user-network interface layer 3 General aspects". +- [57] ISO/IEC 6429 (1992): "Information technology - Control functions for coded character sets". +- [58] 3GPP TS 23.060: " General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Service Description; Stage 2". + +- [59] ITU-T Recommendation V.90 - A digital modem and analogue modem pair for use on the public switched telephone network (PSTN) at data signalling rates of up to 56 000 bit/s downstream and up to 33 600 bit/s upstream. +- [60] 3GPP TS 21.905: " Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications " +- + +# 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following definitions apply. + +**(DIGITAL) connection:** A concatenation of (digital) transmission channels or (digital) telecommunication circuits, switching and other functional units set up to provide for the transfer of (digital) signals between two or more points in a telecommunication network to support a single communication. + +**PLMN connection:** A connection that is established through PLMN between specified PLMN reference points. + +**PLMN connection type:** A description of a set of PLMN connections which have the same characteristics. + +**EDGE channels:** A general term referring to channels based on 8PSK modulation; i.e. TCH/F28.8, TCH/F32.0, and TCH/F43.2. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +Abbreviations used in this specification are listed in 3GPP TS 21.905. + +--- + +# 4 General considerations + +Low layer capabilities are defined in 3GPP TS 22.001 and characterized in 3GPP TS 22.002 for Bearer Services and 3GPP TS 22.003 for Teleservices. Apart from the short message service and GPRS, all Bearer Services and Teleservices are provided using low layer capabilities in the connection mode. + +Network capabilities to support the short message services are defined in 3GPP TS 23.040 and 3GPP TS 24.011 for the point-to-point service, and in 3GPP TS 23.041 and 3GPP TS 24.012 for the cell broadcast service. Network capabilities to support GPRS are described in 3GPP TS 23.060. + +## 4.1 Relationship between lower layer capabilities and radio traffic channels + +The realization of low layer capabilities for the provision of telecommunication services will make use of a physical medium consisting of a traffic channel TCH (refer to 3GPP TS 44.004) or a combination of several full rate traffic channels (Multislot configuration for data) except for the short message point-to-point which uses a dedicated control channel DCCH (see 3GPP TS 24.011) or the cell broadcast service which uses the CBCH (see 3GPP TS 24.012). No multiplexing of data connections on one TCH is allowed. + +Either a full rate or a half rate channel may be used depending on the requirements of the individual service. User data rates below or equal to 4 800 bit/s may be supported either on a full rate channel or on a half rate channel. Single slot configurations of 9.6Kbit/s and above are always supported on a full rate channel. Multislot configurations for data use combinations of 4.8 kbit/s or 9.6 kbit/s or 14.4 kbit/s full rate traffic channels only. + +Technically every MS, regardless of whether it uses a half or a full rate TCH for speech transmission, should be able to use both half and full rate TCHs for data transmission and telematic services. However, particular designs of MS may only provide access to a limited set of services and therefore only use limited options. + +For the alternate speech and group 3 facsimile teleservice, when a full rate traffic channel is required for the speech or data portion of the service, a full rate traffic channel will be used for the duration of the call, see 3GPP TS 22.002. + +Within a PLMN, the transport of user data and access interface status information (if present) will use a rate adaptation method based on ITU-T Recommendation V.110 except on TCH/F14.4 or EDGE channels for which PLMN specific + +rate adaption is used between the mobile station and the interworking function. For the access interface, the rate adaptation schemes used are referenced in the 3GPP TS 27-series. + +On the radio path, rate adaptation leads to rates of 43.5, 32.0, 29.0, 14.5, 12.0, 6.0 and 3.6 kbit/s per TCH (see 3GPP TS 44.021). However, in multislot configurations for data the 3.6 kbit/s per TCH/F rate is excluded. At the BSS to MSC interface, the rate adaptation scheme used is described in 3GPP TS 48.020. + +Protection of information from errors on the radio path (i.e. between MS and BSS) will be implemented by use of FEC techniques (see 3GPP TS 45.003). + +## 4.2 Transparent and non-transparent lower layer capabilities + +Two classes of low layer capabilities have been identified (see 3GPP TS 22.002 and 3GPP TS 22.003): + +- a transparent class which is characterized by constant throughput, constant transit delay and variable error rate; +- a non-transparent class for which an ARQ technique is used (see 3GPP TS 24.022) on the radio path and extended to an appropriate interworking function. This class is characterized by improved error rate with variable transit delay and throughput. Data compression can optionally be used in combination of non-transparent lower layer capability, to increase the data rate on the DTE/DCE interface (or the equivalent interface depending on the TE type). + +The considerations described above provide the basis for the definition of a limited set of connection types to be implemented by a GERAN PLMN. + +## 4.3 The PLMN environment + +### 4.3.1 The hand-over procedure + +The PLMN connection is heterogeneous and merges PCM links and radio path as a unit for the user. + +One of the most specific characteristics of the mobile networks is the hand-over procedure (see 3GPP TS 23.009, 24.008, 45.008, 48.008) which result in a temporary break of the TCH, and consequently in a loss of information. + +The PLMN makes it possible to use one TCH slot for signalling (frame stealing for FACCH) in one TDMA frame resulting in a loss of information. + +For the transparent data calls, this will result in a period of highly errored stream. For the non-transparent services, the use of the ARQ procedure (3GPP TS 24.022) will overcome this problem. + +After a hand-over, in case of loss of synchronization, the process to recover synchronization, as described in 3GPP TS 29.007 and 44.021 should apply. If data compression is used, V.42bis procedure should apply. + +### 4.3.2 DTX procedure + +For the full rate speech traffic channel, DTX function goes along with other procedures such as voice activity detection, generation of comfort noise, and is described in 3GPP TS 46.031. + +For the non-transparent traffic channels, DTX apply according to 3GPP TS 48.020. + +# --- 5 Framework for the description of connection types + +## 5.1 Introduction + +A PLMN provides a set of network capabilities, which enable telecommunication services to be offered to a user. + +A PLMN connection is a connection established between PLMN reference points. A PLMN connection type is a way of referring to and describing PLMN connection. Thus a PLMN connection is a physical or a logical realization of a PLMN connection type. Each PLMN connection can be characterized as belonging to a PLMN connection type. + +Figure 1 illustrates the concepts (see also figure 1 of 3GPP TS 22.001). + +![Figure 1: Framework for the description of GSM PLMN connections. The diagram shows a sequence of components: TE, access point, PLMN, Transit network, Terminating Network, and TE. The PLMN, Transit network, and Terminating Network are enclosed in dashed boxes. A double-headed arrow labeled 'PLMN connection' spans the PLMN box. A longer double-headed arrow labeled 'Network connection' spans from the access point to the Terminating Network.](5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg) + +Figure 1: Framework for the description of GSM PLMN connections. The diagram shows a sequence of components: TE, access point, PLMN, Transit network, Terminating Network, and TE. The PLMN, Transit network, and Terminating Network are enclosed in dashed boxes. A double-headed arrow labeled 'PLMN connection' spans the PLMN box. A longer double-headed arrow labeled 'Network connection' spans from the access point to the Terminating Network. + +**Figure 1: Framework for the description of GSM PLMN connections** + +## 5.2 Purpose of PLMN connection types + +The definition of a set of PLMN connection types provides the necessary input to identify the network capabilities of a PLMN. Other key requirements of a PLMN are contained in other GSM specifications, in particular 3GPP TS 44.001 and 24.002. In addition to describing network capabilities of a PLMN, the identification of connection types facilitates the specification of network-to-network interfaces. It may also assist in the allocation of network performance parameters. + +NOTE 1: The user specifies only the telecommunication service required while the GSM PLMN allocates the resources to set up a connection of the specific type as necessary to support the requested service. It is further noted that, for certain service offerings, additional network functions, e.g. additional lower layer functions and/or higher layer functions, may be required (see figure 2). + +![Figure 2: The role of network capabilities in supporting service offerings. The diagram shows a 'Service offering' box containing 'Telecommunication Service' pointing to a 'Network capability' box. The 'Network capability' box is divided into two sections: 'Limited set of PLMN connection types' and 'Additional network functions where required to support the service, e.g., additional lower layer functions, higher layer functions.'](c78c2eefd86269d1740ab85a916f24f2_img.jpg) + +Figure 2: The role of network capabilities in supporting service offerings. The diagram shows a 'Service offering' box containing 'Telecommunication Service' pointing to a 'Network capability' box. The 'Network capability' box is divided into two sections: 'Limited set of PLMN connection types' and 'Additional network functions where required to support the service, e.g., additional lower layer functions, higher layer functions.' + +**Figure 2: The role of network capabilities in supporting service offerings** + +## 5.3 Functions associated with a PLMN connection + +Any GSM PLMN connection involves an association of functions to support telecommunication services as shown in figure 3. Three sets of functions are required. + +- i) Connection means - including transmission and switching. +- ii) Control functions and protocols - including signalling, flow/congestion control and routing functions. +- iii) Operations and management functions - including network management and maintenance functions. + +![Figure 3: Functional description. The diagram shows a top box labeled 'Connection means for user information' connected by a vertical line to two boxes below: 'Control functions' and 'Operations and management functions'.](f14e75bd1c6e2f234db4775dbf0dbf1a_img.jpg) + +Figure 3: Functional description. The diagram shows a top box labeled 'Connection means for user information' connected by a vertical line to two boxes below: 'Control functions' and 'Operations and management functions'. + +**Figure 3: Functional description** + +## 5.4 Applications of GSM PLMN connection types + +The following situations to which GSM PLMN connection types apply (see figure 4) may arise: + +- Between two GSM PLMN user access points (refer to 3GPP TS 22.001 and 24.002): see figure 4a. +- Between a PLMN user access point and a network-to-network interface: see figure 4b. +- Between a PLMN user access point and an interface to a specialized resource within the GSM PLMN: see figure 4c. +- Between a PLMN user access point and an interface to a specialized resource outside the GSM PLMN: see figure 4d. + +a) + +![Diagram a) shows a 'user access point' on the left and another 'user access point (Note 1)' on the right. A dashed box labeled 'GSM PLMN' is between them. A double-headed arrow labeled 'PLMN connection' spans the distance between the two user access points.](853f59c89931a666c07903b31d098277_img.jpg) + +Diagram a) illustrates a PLMN connection between two user access points. The left user access point is connected to a dashed box labeled "GSM PLMN". The right user access point, labeled "user access point (Note 1)", is also connected to the same "GSM PLMN" box. A double-headed arrow labeled "PLMN connection" spans the distance between the two user access points. + +Diagram a) shows a 'user access point' on the left and another 'user access point (Note 1)' on the right. A dashed box labeled 'GSM PLMN' is between them. A double-headed arrow labeled 'PLMN connection' spans the distance between the two user access points. + +b) + +![Diagram b) shows a 'user access point' on the left connected to a dashed box labeled 'PLMN'. The 'PLMN' box is connected to a 'network-to-network interface', which is then connected to a box labeled 'Network Note 2'. A double-headed arrow labeled 'PLMN connection' spans from the user access point to the network-to-network interface.](fbfa653853daf5541118a9ddecb92284_img.jpg) + +Diagram b) illustrates a PLMN connection between a user access point and a network-to-network interface. The user access point is connected to a dashed box labeled "PLMN". The "PLMN" box is connected to a "network-to-network interface", which is then connected to a box labeled "Network Note 2". A double-headed arrow labeled "PLMN connection" spans from the user access point to the network-to-network interface. + +Diagram b) shows a 'user access point' on the left connected to a dashed box labeled 'PLMN'. The 'PLMN' box is connected to a 'network-to-network interface', which is then connected to a box labeled 'Network Note 2'. A double-headed arrow labeled 'PLMN connection' spans from the user access point to the network-to-network interface. + +c) + +![Diagram c) shows a 'user access point' on the left connected to a dashed box labeled 'PLMN'. The 'PLMN' box is connected to a box labeled 'Note 3'. A double-headed arrow labeled 'PLMN connection' spans from the user access point to the interface between the PLMN box and the Note 3 box.](63e0c22852c26699d0bd095a2d796bab_img.jpg) + +Diagram c) illustrates a PLMN connection between a user access point and an interface to a specialized resource within the GSM PLMN. The user access point is connected to a dashed box labeled "PLMN". The "PLMN" box is connected to a box labeled "Note 3". A double-headed arrow labeled "PLMN connection" spans from the user access point to the interface between the "PLMN" box and the "Note 3" box. + +Diagram c) shows a 'user access point' on the left connected to a dashed box labeled 'PLMN'. The 'PLMN' box is connected to a box labeled 'Note 3'. A double-headed arrow labeled 'PLMN connection' spans from the user access point to the interface between the PLMN box and the Note 3 box. + +d) + +![Diagram of a PLMN connection involving a specialized resource.](cab0834804fb031b43865554cc8d06ab_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a 'user access point' on the left connected to a 'PLMN' box (represented by a dashed rectangle). A solid line connects the 'user access point' to the 'PLMN' box. From the 'PLMN' box, a solid line extends to the right, labeled 'network-to-specialized resource interface'. This line connects to a 'Network Note 3' box. Below the 'PLMN' box, a horizontal double-headed arrow spans from the 'user access point' to the 'network-to-specialized resource interface', labeled 'PLMN connection'. + +Diagram of a PLMN connection involving a specialized resource. + +NOTE 1: See 3GPP TS 22.001. + +NOTE 2: Network means here any fixed network as described in 3GPP TS 22.001. + +NOTE 3: The box represents a specialized resource. Its use originates from a service request. Further study is required to give some examples. + +Figure 4: Applications of PLMN connection types + +## 5.5 PLMN connection involving several networks + +A PLMN connection may comprise a number of tandem network connections. Figure 5 shows an example in which each end network is a PLMN. The intermediate network(s) must offer the appropriate network capabilities for the service provided by the (overall) PLMN connection. In (overall) PLMN connections involving several networks, each network provides a part of the connection and may be categorized by different attribute values. + +The IWF/MSC can interwork with different type of networks, e.g.: + +- analogue (A); +- digital circuit (D) with V.110/X.31 in band protocol; + +Examples of such networks are: + +- GSM (D); +- ISDN (A, D, P); +- PSTN (A). + +![Diagram of a PLMN connection involving several networks.](cce70c739081f63a6af83dc9483f98ce_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of network connections. It starts with an 'access point' on the left, connected to a 'PLMN' box (dashed rectangle). This is followed by a 'Transit Network' box (dashed rectangle), and then another 'PLMN' box (dashed rectangle), which is finally connected to an 'access point' on the right. Above the first 'PLMN' box, a double-headed arrow labeled 'PLMN connection' spans from the left 'access point' to the first 'network-to-network interface' (the boundary between the first PLMN and the Transit Network). Above the 'Transit Network' box, a double-headed arrow labeled 'Network connection' spans between the first and second 'network-to-network interfaces'. Above the second 'PLMN' box, a double-headed arrow labeled 'PLMN connection' spans from the second 'network-to-network interface' to the right 'access point'. A long double-headed arrow at the top, labeled '(Overall) PLMN connection', spans from the left 'access point' to the right 'access point', encompassing all three segments. + +Diagram of a PLMN connection involving several networks. + +Figure 5: Example of a PLMN connection involving several networks + +# 6 PLMN connection types + +## 6.1 Description of PLMN connection types + +The characterization of PLMN connection types is done by using a set of attributes. A PLMN connection type attribute is a specific characteristic of a PLMN connection type whose values distinguish it from another PLMN connection type. Particular values are assigned to each attribute when a given PLMN connection type is described and specified. + +A list of definitions of attributes and values is contained in the annex A to this specification. + +A PLMN connection type is partitioned into connection elements. This partitioning is based on the two most critical transitions of a connection, firstly, the change of signalling system, secondly, the type of transmission system. In a PLMN, the change in signalling and transmission between the radio interface and the A interface leads to two connection elements, the radio interface connection element and the A interface connection element. Subclause 6.3 describes the relationship between the attribute values of connection elements and connection types. + +To complete the description of PLMN connection types, the definition of functions within the different entities of a PLMN which are involved in the realization of a PLMN Connection is needed. These functions will be used in subclauses 6.4 and 6.5 to describe the limited set of PLMN connection types. + +The following functions have been identified: + +- rate adaptation functions; +- the radio link protocol function; +- the forward error correction function; +- the Layer 2 relay function. + +### 6.1.1 Rate adaptation + +The RA0 rate adaptation is only used with asynchronous interfaces. Incoming asynchronous data is padded by the addition of stop elements to fit the same or nearest higher synchronous rate defined by 2 to the power n (where $n \leq 6$ ) times 600 bit/s, 14.4 kbit/s or 28.8 kbit/s. Thus 300 bit/s user data signalling rate shall be adapted to a synchronous 600 bit/s stream. This function is described in 3GPP TS 44.021. The RA0 used in the PLMN is not identical to that described in ITU-T Recommendation V.110 which converts the 14,4 and 28,8 kbit/s user rates to 19,2 and 38,4 kbit/s, respectively. + +The intermediate rate adaptation function (RA1) is a rate adaptation function which turns either the output of the RA0 function or a synchronous user data stream into a data stream at 8, 16, or 32 kbit/s by bit repetition and frame addition. This function is described in 3GPP TS 48.020. + +The adaptation of intermediate rates to 64 kbit/s (RA2) performs the final conversion from the intermediate rates generated by the RA1 function to 64 kbit/s. + +The radio interface intermediate rate adaptation function (RA1') is in the case of transparent data transmission a variant of the RA1 function and it adapts synchronous user data stream or the output of the RA0 function to one of the following data rates: 3.6, 6.0 or 12.0 or 14.5 kbit/s over the radio path. In case of a TCH/F28.8 channel two 14.5 kbit/s substreams produced by the RA1' function are multiplexed into a 29.0 kbit/s air interface channel by an EDGE multiplexing function. For the non-transparent case, the RA1' function provides direct access to the 12.0 or 6.0 kbit/s data rates. This is achieved by allowing the V.110 frame status bits to be used as additional data bits. This function is described in 3GPP TS 44.021 and 3GPP TS 48.020. RA1' is not applied in TCH/F14.4 or EDGE non-transparent operation. + +For TCH/F14.4 channel coding five PLMN-specific adaptation functions are used: namely, RA1'/RAA', RAA', RA1'/RAA'', RAE and RAA'' (3GPP TS 48.020). On the network side of the air interface, the 14.5 kbit/s substreams multiplexed into a 29.0 or 43.5 kbit/s air interface channel are transferred just as in a multislot connection of TCH/F14.4 substreams. RA1'/RAA' adapts between the 14.5 kbit/s air-interface rate and the 16 kbit/s rate used across the Abis-interface. RAA' adapts between the 16 kbit/s Abis Interface-rate and 16.0 kbit/s A-interface substream. (Up to four such A-interface substreams may be multiplexed into the 64kbit/s A-interface stream). RAA'' converts between the A-interface data substream(s) and the overall synchronous stream. In non-transparent operation the RAA'' converts between the A-interface stream and the 290-bit blocks containing bits M1, M2, and 288 data bits as described in 3GPP + +TS 44.021. The RA1'/RAA" function shall be used for channel codings TCH/F14.4 if the AIUR is equal to 64 kbit/s. It adapts between the 64 kbit/s data stream and the 14.5 kbit/s air-interface rate. For GERAN Iu mode exists another PLMN specific rate adaptation function, namely RAE. This function is the subsequent execution of RAA' and RAA", i.e., it adapts between the 16 kbit/s Abis Interface rate and the overall synchronous stream. + +In multislot data configurations the intermediate rates 16, 32, and 64 kbit/s are supported on those sections of the network where the overall data stream is not split into multiple channels (3GPP TS 44.021 and 48.020). RA1-adaptation is not applied to rates higher than 38.4 kbit/s. Instead, a PLMN-specific rate adaptation function RA1" to user rates 48 and 56 kbit/s is applied; this function adapts between these rates and the 64 kbit/s "intermediate" rate. The RA2 function passes rate 64 kbit/s on as such. + +In multislot data connections, the rate adaptation functions are performed per TCH/F between the Split/Combine-functions. On the A-interface up to four TCH/Fs are multiplexed into one 64 kbit/s channel according to the procedures defined in 3GPP TS 48.020. However, multiplexing is not applied to those user rates which make use of more than four TCH/Fs; for such rates the Split/Combine-function is located at the BSS. + +The splitting and recombining of the data flow into/from TCH/Fs takes place at the RA1-function or RAA" function (transparent service) at the MSC/IWF and at the MS's RA1'-function, or between the RLP and RA1' (RA1' not applied to TCH/F14.4) (non-transparent service) at the MS and between RA1 or RAA" and RLP at MSC/IWF (figures 6 and 7). The TCH/Fs are treated as independent channels between the Split/Combine-functions. + +For user rates requiring more than four TCH/Fs (transparent only) the Split/Combine-function is located at the RA1'-function at the MS and at the RA1'/RA1" or RA1'/RAA"-function at the BSS (figures 6 and 7). The rate adaptation functions for the various user data rates are summarized in tables 1 to 3. It should be noted that in the case of synchronous data transmission, the RA0 is not present. + +For 56 and 64 kbit/s connections using a 2×TCH/F32.0 channel configuration across the radio interface, no rate adaptation is applied as the PLMN offers a '64 kbit/s pipe' between TE and an external network. + +For 32 kbit/s connections using a 1×TCH/F32.0 channel configuration across the radio interface, the ITU-T I.460 rate adaptation is applied as described in 3GPP TS 44.021. + +**Table 1: Rate adaptation functions for the support of TE2 in the transparent case** + +| R I/F | RA0 | | RA1' | Radio I/F | +|-------|---------|-------|---------|--------------------------------------------| +| async | <-----> | sync | | | +| ≤ 2.4 | <-----> | ≤ 2.4 | <-----> | 3.6 | +| 4.8 | <-----> | 4.8 | <-----> | 6.0 | +| 9.6 | <-----> | 9.6 | <-----> | 12.0 or 2 × 6.0 | +| 14.4 | <-----> | 14.4 | <-----> | 14.5 or 2 × 12.0 or
3 × 6.0 | +| 19.2 | <-----> | 19.2 | <-----> | 2 × 12.0 or 4 × 6.0 | +| 28.8 | <-----> | 28.8 | <-----> | 1 × 29.0 or 2 × 14.5
or 3 × 12.0 | +| 38.4 | <-----> | 32 | <-----> | 1 × 32 | +| | | 38.4 | <-----> | 3 × 14.5 or 4 × 12.0 | +| | | 48.0 | <-----> | 4 × 14.5 or 5 × 12.0 | +| | | 56.0 | <-----> | 2 × 32.0 or 4 × 14.5
or 5 × 12.0 note 1 | +| | | 64.0 | <-----> | 2 × 32.0 or 5 × 14.5
or 6 × 12.0 note 1 | + +NOTE 1: AIUR of 11.2 kbit/s per 12.0 kbit/s air interface channel (3GPP TS 44.021). + +**Table 2: Void.** + +| | +|------| +| Void | +|------| + +**Table 3: RA1' function in the non-transparent case** + +| | RA1' | | +|------|-------------|------| +| 6.0 | <-----> | 6.0 | +| 12.0 | <-----> | 12.0 | + +NOTE: RA1' not applicable to TCH/F14.4, TCH/F28.8, or TCH/F43.2 + +### 6.1.2 Radio Link Protocol + +The Radio Link Protocol (RLP) is a layer 2 LAPB based protocol which performs grouping of user data for the purpose of implementing error control and retransmission mechanisms in the case of non-transparent low layer capabilities. The RLP layer is in charge of the transmission of the data compression parameters to the peer RLP entity and to the L2R layer, when those parameters have to be negotiated. The function that realizes the implementation of the protocol (described in 3GPP TS 24.022) takes place at both ends of the PLMN connection in the MT and the IWF/MSC. + +### 6.1.3 Layer 2 Relay function + +The Layer 2 Relay function (L2R) performs protocol conversion between the user data structure (e.g. characters or X.25 Layer 2 frames) and a structure more adapted to the radio link protocol. This function is described in the relevant 3GPP TS 27-series specifications. + +The L2R function includes the data compression function. + +### 6.1.4 Resources allocated by the PLMN network + +Part of the PLMN connection concerns the resources allocated by the PLMN network on the basis of the attribute values of the connection elements. + +For the speech calls, the PLMN codec is allocated. + +For data calls, resources are provided at the IWF/MSC such as: + +- V.110 based rate adaptation for such channel codings as TCH/F 4.8 and TCH/F9.6 and PLMN specific rate adaption for channel codings TCH/F14.4, TCH/F28.8, TCH/F43.2 (3GPP TS 44.021, 48.020); +- filtering of status bits (TS 27.001); +- RLP for non-transparent services (TS 24.022); +- Data compression (TS 24.022, 27.002). + +These are sufficient for data services such as: + +- asynchronous circuit (bearer service series 20), used with unrestricted digital information transfer capability; +- synchronous circuit (bearer service series 30), used with unrestricted digital information transfer capability when interworking with circuit switched digital networks. + +In addition to the above listed resources, further resources are allocated in the other cases: + +- modems for asynchronous circuit (bearer service series 20) or synchronous circuit (bearer service series 30) used with 3.1 kHz information transfer capability; +- fax adaptor for the fax group 3 (teleservice series 60); + +## 6.2 PLMN connection elements + +The radio interface connection element is the portion of the connection spanning from the Mobile Termination to an appropriate internal reference point within the Base Station System. + +The A interface connection element is the portion of the connection from the above internal reference point within the base station to an appropriate internal reference point within the interworking function (IWF) of the MSC. + +By using connection elements and attributes which have a layered nature the construction of a connection type is more easily viewed. The use of different values for the same attribute allows a greater degree of description and flexibility. + +## 6.3 Rules of association for the attribute values of connection elements and connection types + +This subclause describes the relationship between the attribute values of connection elements and connection types. For each attribute the various possible values recommended are listed. The definitions of the attributes and attribute values are contained in the annex A. In addition to the (possible) attribute values applicable to the connection elements, an association law is given (where appropriate) for each attribute to show how the value of the attribute for the overall connection type is obtained from the values of the attribute applicable to the connection elements. + +### 6.3.1 Information transfer mode + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +Circuit. + +Attribute values for overall connection type: + +Circuit. + +Association Law: + +Circuit. + +### 6.3.2 Information transfer rate (kbit/s) + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +3.6 or 6.0 or 12.0 or 13.0 or 14.5 or 29.0 or 32.0 or 43.5 or 64.0 + +or $n \times 6.0$ ( $1 \leq n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 12.0$ ( $1 \leq n \leq 6$ ) or $n \times 14.5$ ( $1 \leq n \leq 5$ ) or $2 \times 29.0$ or $2 \times 32.0$ + +Attribute values for overall connection type: + +3.6 or 6.0 or 12.0 or 13.0 or 14.5 29.0 or 32.0 or 43.5 or 64.0; + +or $n \times 6.0$ ( $1 \leq n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 12.0$ ( $1 \leq n \leq 6$ ) or $n \times 14.5$ ( $1 \leq n \leq 5$ ) or $2 \times 29.0$ or $2 \times 32.0$ .. + +Association Law: + +The value for the overall connection type will be equal to the lowest value of any of its connection elements. + +### 6.3.3 Information transfer susceptance + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +Speech processing functions (e.g. PLMN Speech Coding/A Law conversion, Discontinuous Transmission) and/or Echo suppression functions and/or Multiple satellite hops or null. + +Attribute values for overall connection types: + +Unrestricted Digital Information or Speech. + +Association Law: + +For an overall connection type to have the value Unrestricted digital no connection element may contain speech processing functions or echo suppression functions. Connection elements containing speech processing devices having the flexibility to change operation between speech and unrestricted digital would on the other hand be allowed to be part of a number of different connection types. + +For an overall connection type to have the value speech it must contain PLMN Speech Coding/A Law conversion equipment and echo suppression functions when appropriate. + +### 6.3.4 Establishment of connection + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +Demand. + +Attribute values for overall connection type: + +Demand. + +Association Law: + +If any of the connection elements are Demand, then the overall connection type is Demand. + +### 6.3.5 Symmetry + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +Bidirectional Symmetric. + +Bidirectional Asymmetric (Multislot connections for data). + +Attribute values for overall connection type: + +Bidirectional Symmetric. + +Bidirectional Asymmetric (Multislot connections for data). + +Association Law: + +The overall symmetry can only be generated from the connection elements by analysis of the connection element values in the context of the architecture of the connection. + +### 6.3.6 Connection configuration Topology + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +Point-to-point. + +Attribute values for the overall connection type: + +Not applicable. + +Association Law: + +Not applicable. + +### 6.3.7 Structure + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +Unstructured or Service Data Unit Integrity. + +Attribute values for the overall connection type: + +As per values for connection elements. + +Association Law: + +Unspecified. + +### 6.3.8 Channels + +#### 6.3.8.1 Information channel (rate) + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +Radio interface connection element: Full rate TCH or Full rate TCHs or Half rate TCH. + +A interface connection element: 64.0 kbit/s. + +Attribute values for the overall connection type: + +Not applicable. + +#### 6.3.8.2 Signalling channel (rate) + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +Radio interface connection element: Dm. + +A interface connection element: Common channel signalling system (64.0 kbit/s). + +Attribute values for the overall connection type: + +Not applicable. + +### 6.3.9 Connection control protocol + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +Radio interface connection element: + +Layer 1: 3GPP TS 44.004 and 3GPP TS 45-series. + +Layer 2: 3GPP TS 44.005 and 44.006. + +Layer 3: 3GPP TS 24.007 and 24.008, 24.011. + +A interface connection element: + +Layer 1: 3GPP TS 48.004. + +Layer 2: 3GPP TS 48.006. + +Layer 3: TS 24.007, 24.008 and 48.008. + +Attribute values for the overall connection type: + +Not applicable. + +### 6.3.10 Information transfer coding/protocol + +Attribute values for connection elements: + +Radio interface connection elements: + +Layer 1: 3GPP TS 44.021, 3GPP TS 45-series and 46-series. + +Layer 2: 3GPP TS 44.006, 24.022 and 3GPP TS 27.002 or 3GPP TS 24.022 and 3GPP TS 27.003 or transparent. + +Layer 3: Transparent, 3GPP TS 24.011. + +A interface connection element: + +Layer 1: 3GPP TS 48.004 and 3GPP TS 48.020. + +Layer 2: 3GPP TS 24.022 and 3GPP TS 27.002 or 3GPP TS 24.022 and 3GPP TS 27.003 or transparent. + +Layer 3: Transparent. + +Attribute values for the overall connection type: + +Not applicable. + +### 6.3.11 Further attributes and attribute values + +This subclause has outlined the relationships between those attributes values presently existing, the possibility for new values being added remains. + +Table 4 summarizes the attributes values for PLMN connection elements. + +**Table 4: Values for attributes for PLMN connection elements** + +| Attributes | Values for attributes | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Radio interface connection element | A interface connection element | +| 1 Information Transfer Mode | Circuit | Circuit | +| 2 Information Transfer Rate

Layer 1 | 3.6 or 6.0 or 12.0 or 13.0 or 14.5 or 29.0 or 32.0 or 43.5 or $n \times 6.0$ ( $1 \le n \le 4$ ) or $n \times 12.0$ ( $1 \le n \le 6$ ) or $n \times 14.5$ ( $1 \le n \le 5$ ) or $2 \times 29.0$ or $2 \times 32.0$ kbit/s | 64.0 kbit/s | +| 3 Information Transfer Susceptance | Speech processing equipment,
Echo suppression equipment,
Null | Speech processing equipment,
Echo suppression equipment,
Null | +| 4 Establishment of Connection | Demand | Demand | +| 5 Symmetry | Bidirectional symmetric
Bidirectional asymmetric | Bidirectional symmetric
Bidirectional asymmetric | +| 6 Connection Configuration Topology | Point-to-point | Point-to-point | +| 7 Structure | Unstructured
SDU integrity | Unstructured
SDU integrity | +| 8 Channel Rate

Information Channel
Signalling Channel |
TCH/F(s) or TCH/H
Dm | 64.0 kbit/s

Common channel signalling system | +| 9 Connection Control Protocol

Layer 1
Layer 2
Layer 3 |
3GPP TS 44.004 and 45 series
3GPP TS 44.005 and 44.006
3GPP TS 24.007, 24.008, 24.011 |
3GPP TS 48.004
3GPP TS 48.006
3GPP TS 24.007, 24.008, 48.008 | +| 10 Information Transfer Coding/Protocol

Layer 1
Layer 2

Layer 3 |
3GPP TS 44.021 45 and 46 series
3GPP TS 24.022 and 27.002 or 24.022 and 27.003
44.006 or transparent
Transparent, 24.011 |
3GPP TS 48.004 and 48.020
3GPP TS 24.022 and 27.002 or 24.022 and 27.003
or transparent
Transparent | + +## 6.4 PLMN connection types for GERAN A/Gb mode + +### 6.4.1 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for TCH/F4.8 and TCH/F9.6 channel codings) + +From the two connection elements defined in subclause 6.2, the list of attributes and their possible values given in subclause 6.3, and from the service requirements defined in 3GPP TS 22.002 and 22.003, a limited set of PLMN connection types have been identified (see also table 5 and table 6 for the relationship between connection elements and telecommunication services). + +Figure 6 gives the information transfer protocol models for the identified set of PLMN connection types. The S bits correspond to status bits and the D bits to data bits (3GPP TS 44.021); S\* indicates that S bits are used only when 3.1 kHz audio ex PLMN. D' bits corresponds to user bits passed in the place of status bits in the non transparent case. Moreover, it should be noted that the RLP rate of 6 and 12 kbit/s correspond to the 8 and 16 kbit/s intermediate rate in the transparent case. + +Protocol Models 1 b and e are the models for asynchronous data transmission in the transparent mode. + +Protocol Models 2 b and e are the models for synchronous data transmission in the transparent mode. + +Protocol Models 3 b and e are the models for character "asynchronous" mode data transmission in the non-transparent mode. In this case, L2RCOP represents the protocol used between the Layer 2 Relay functions (L2R) to convey characters between the MS and the IWF (see 3GPP TS 27.002). The data compression function is located in the L2R COP function. + +In all of the above models, the b variants are for singleslot, the e variants are for multislot data configurations. + +Protocol Model 5a is the model for the transparent support of group 3 facsimile transmission. Model 5b is for transparent support of group 3 facsimile transmission in multislot data configurations. + +Protocol Model 6 is the model for speech transmission. + +In the multislot-data models the data is split into parallel substreams between the Split/Combine-functions (S/C). These substreams are transmitted through parallel TCH/Fs which are treated as independent channels. Between the S/C-functions parallel RA- and FEC-functions are used. + +For all the models, only the minimum functionality of the IWF is shown. Additional functions will be required for various interworking situations. These additional functions are described in specification 3GPP TS 29.007. + +It should be noted that, in Figure 6, the representation of the transcoding and rate adaptation from the intermediate rate on the radio interface to the 64 kbit/s rate required by the MSC is not intended to indicate a particular implementation. The annex B to 3GPP TS 43.010 identifies alternative arrangements. + +![Diagram showing three information transfer protocol models (Model 1b, Model 2b, Model 3b) for PLMN connections between TE2, MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF. Model 1b shows transparent asynchronous data transfer. Model 2b shows transparent synchronous data transfer. Model 3b shows data transfer using L2R COP and Radio Link Protocol.](e180f2b5fcbe8001554a7c0677cd3f82_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates three information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections, organized into three horizontal sections: Model 1b, Model 2b, and Model 3b. The vertical axes represent different network entities: **TE2** (Terminal Equipment 2), **MS** (Mobile Station), **BSS** (Base Station System), and **MSC/IWF** (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function). Interfaces are labeled as **R I/F** (between TE2 and MS), **RADIO I/F** (between MS and BSS), and **BSS-MSC I/F** (between BSS and MSC/IWF). + +- Model 1b:** Labeled "Transparent asynchronous data". Data flows from TE2 through the MS (passing through RA0, RA1, and FEC) to the BSS (passing through RA1', RA1, and RA2) and finally to the MSC/IWF (passing through RA0, RA1, and RA2). The MS contains an I/Fcct interface. +- Model 2b:** Labeled "Transparent synchronous data". Data flows from TE2 through the MS (passing through RA1 and FEC) to the BSS (passing through RA1', RA1, and RA2) and finally to the MSC/IWF (passing through RA1 and RA2). The MS contains an I/Fcct interface. +- Model 3b:** Labeled "L2R COP (optionally including Data Compression)" and "Radio Link Protocol". Data flows from TE2 through the MS (passing through RA1 and FEC) to the BSS (passing through RA1', RA1, and RA2) and finally to the MSC/IWF (passing through RA1 and RA2). The MS contains an I/Fcct interface. The data paths are labeled with "char.async.", "D", "S", "D'", and "D'". + +Diagram showing three information transfer protocol models (Model 1b, Model 2b, Model 3b) for PLMN connections between TE2, MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF. Model 1b shows transparent asynchronous data transfer. Model 2b shows transparent synchronous data transfer. Model 3b shows data transfer using L2R COP and Radio Link Protocol. + +Figure 6: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections + +![Diagram showing information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections, specifically Model 5a and Model 6, across MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF domains.](eb03559a4d92ea9ebd63ea9be663c50a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates two information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections across three domains: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (MSC/Interworking Function). + +**Model 5a:** This model shows the transfer of data (D) and signaling (S) between the MS and the MSC/IWF via the BSS. In the MS domain, a FAX and FA are connected to an I/Fcct, which is connected to another I/Fcct. The second I/Fcct is connected to RA1', which is connected to FEC. The FEC is connected to the BSS. In the BSS, the FEC is connected to RA1' and RA1. RA1' is connected to RA1, which is connected to RA2. The RA2 is connected to the MSC/IWF. In the MSC/IWF, the RA2 is connected to RA1, which is connected to FA. The FA is connected to T.30. The FA protocol is indicated between the FA in the MS and the FA in the MSC/IWF. + +**Model 6:** This model shows the transfer of speech between the MS and the MSC/IWF via the BSS. In the MS domain, MT0 is connected to GSC, which is connected to FEC. The FEC is connected to the BSS. In the BSS, the FEC is connected to FEC and MPX. The MPX is connected to the MSC/IWF. In the MSC/IWF, the MPX is connected to GSC A, which is connected to CCITT A-LAW. The SPEECH is indicated between the GSC in the MS and the GSC A in the MSC/IWF. The GSM 06-series is indicated between the GSC and the FEC in the MS, and the CCITT A-LAW is indicated between the GSC A and the MPX in the MSC/IWF. + +Diagram showing information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections, specifically Model 5a and Model 6, across MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF domains. + +Figure 6 (continued): Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections + +![Diagram showing information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections (Model 1e, Model 2e, Model 3e) across MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF domains.](ae53f90bb87d6d09e2d6b5278d7c338f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates four information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections, organized into three horizontal sections: Model 1e, Model 2e, and Model 3e. The diagram is divided into three main vertical domains: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (MSC/Interworking Function). + +- Model 1e:** Labeled "Transparent asynchronous data". It shows data flow from a TE2 through an I/Fcct and R I/F to the MT2. Inside the MT2, data (D) and signaling (S) are processed by RA0, S/C, and RA1' blocks, then passed through an FEC block. The data then moves through the RADIO I/F (RA1', RA1) and BSS-MSC I/F (MUX) to the MSC/IWF, where it is processed by RA1, S/C, and RA0 blocks. +- Model 2e (Top):** Labeled "Transparent synchronous data". Similar to Model 1e, but the MT2 uses S/C and RA1' blocks directly. The data flows through the RADIO I/F (RA1', RA1) and BSS-MSC I/F (MUX) to the MSC/IWF (RA1, S/C). +- Model 2e (Bottom):** Labeled "Transparent synchronous data 48, 56, and 64 kbit/s". This model shows data flow from the MT2 (S/C, RA1') through an FEC block to the RADIO I/F (S/C, RA1', RA1''). A note indicates "RA1'' adaptation is not applicable to user rate 64 kbit/s." The data then flows to the MSC/IWF via RA1''. +- Model 3e:** Labeled "L2R COP (optionally including Data Compression)" and "Radio Link Protocol". This model shows data flow from the MT2 (char.async.) through the Radio Link Protocol (D', D) and S/C blocks to the RADIO I/F (RA1', RA1). The data then flows through the BSS-MSC I/F (MUX) to the MSC/IWF (RA1, S/C, char.async.). + +Diagram showing information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections (Model 1e, Model 2e, Model 3e) across MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF domains. + +Figure 6 (continued): Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections + +![Diagram of information transfer protocol model for PLMN connections (Model 5b).](26d664119ad25250780f554633444e54_img.jpg) + +**Model 5b** + +The diagram illustrates the information transfer protocol model for PLMN connections, labeled 'Model 5b'. It shows the flow of data between a Mobile Station (MS) and a Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function (MSC/IWF) via a Base Station Subsystem (BSS). The MS contains a FAX and a Fax Adaptor (FA) connected to an I/Fcct. The BSS contains an MT2, which includes an I/Fcct, a Split/Combine (S/C) unit, a RA1' unit, and a Forward Error Correction (FEC) unit. The MSC/IWF contains an FA connected to a T.30 interface, which is also connected to an S/C unit, a RA1 unit, and a MUX unit. The data flow is as follows: FAX -> FA -> I/Fcct (MS) -> I/Fcct (MT2) -> S/C (MT2) -> RA1' (MT2) -> FEC (MT2) -> FEC (BSS) -> RA1' (BSS) -> RA1 (BSS) -> MUX (BSS) -> MUX (MSC/IWF) -> RA1 (MSC/IWF) -> S/C (MSC/IWF) -> FA (MSC/IWF) -> T.30. Control signals 'D' and 'S' are shown between the MS and the MT2. A dashed line labeled 'FA protocol' connects the FA in the MS to the FA in the MSC/IWF. Vertical dashed lines separate the MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF domains, with labels 'R I/F', 'MT2', 'RADIO I/F', and 'BSS-MSC I/F' indicating the interfaces. + +Diagram of information transfer protocol model for PLMN connections (Model 5b). + +Figure 6 (concluded): Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections + +###### **Legend to Figure 6:** + +- FA = Fax Adaptor +- GSC = GSM Speech Codec +- FEC = Forward Error Correction +- MPX = Multiplex/Demultiplex +- MUX = Multiplex/Demultiplex +- S/C = Split/ Combine + +### 6.4.2 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for TCH/F14.4 channel coding) + +Figure 7 provides the information transfer protocol models for the identified set of PLMN connection types for support of TCH/F14.4. The description of models given in subclause 6.4.1 applies also to figure 7. + +![Figure 7: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels. The diagram shows three models (Model 1b, Model 2b, Model 3b) across three columns: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Centre/Interworking Function).](e821c3d8a87ee2a9ff6b8644ffe6bdae_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates three information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels, organized into three columns: MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF. Vertical lines separate the R I/F, RADIO I/F, and BSS-MSC I/F interfaces. + +- Model 1b: Transparent asynchronous data.** + - MS:** Contains TE2 connected via R I/F to MT2. MT2 contains RA0, RA1, and FEC blocks. + - BSS:** Contains FEC, RA1', RAA', and RA2 blocks. + - MSC/IWF:** Contains RAA'', RA2, and RA0 blocks, with data (D) and status (S) lines. +- Model 2b: Transparent synchronous data.** + - MS:** Similar to Model 1b but MT2 uses RA1' instead of RA0/RA1. + - BSS:** Contains FEC, RA1', RAA', and RA2 blocks. + - MSC/IWF:** Contains RAA'' and RA2 blocks, with data (D) and status (S) lines. +- Model 3b: Non-transparent data.** + - MS:** MT2 features a trapezoidal block for Radio Link Protocol and L2R COP (optionally including Data Compression). + - BSS:** Contains FEC, RA1', RAA', and RA2 blocks. + - MSC/IWF:** Contains a matching trapezoidal block for RLP/L2R, RAA'', and RA2. + +Figure 7: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels. The diagram shows three models (Model 1b, Model 2b, Model 3b) across three columns: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Centre/Interworking Function). + +**Figure 7 : Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels** + +![Figure 7 (continued): Information transfer protocol model for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels. The diagram shows Model 5a across three columns: MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF.](20136850feb70fd71c7d41cdae203ebb_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates Model 5a of the information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels. + +- Model 5a: FA protocol and T.30.** + - MS:** Contains FAX and FA blocks connected via R I/F to MT2. MT2 contains RA1 and FEC blocks. + - BSS:** Contains FEC, RA1', RAA', and RA2 blocks. + - MSC/IWF:** Contains FA block (T.30), RAA'', and RA2 blocks. + +Figure 7 (continued): Information transfer protocol model for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels. The diagram shows Model 5a across three columns: MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF. + +Figure 7 (continued) : Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels + +![Diagram showing four information transfer protocol models (Model 1e, Model 2e, Model 2e, Model 3e) for PLMN connections. The diagram is divided into three main columns: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function). Each model shows the flow of data (D) and signaling (S) through various protocol layers and interfaces (R I/F, RADIO I/F, BSS-MSC I/F).](e90987faabad6a6665cd8ed1151dc474_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates four information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels, organized into three main columns: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function). The interfaces between these entities are labeled R I/F, RADIO I/F, and BSS-MSC I/F. + +- Model 1e:** Shows transparent asynchronous data transfer. Data (D) and signaling (S) are passed from the MS (via RA0, S/C, RA1') through the RADIO I/F (via RA1', RAA', FEC) to the BSS (via RAA', MUX) and then to the MSC/IWF (via RAA'', S/C, RA0). +- Model 2e (Transparent synchronous data):** Shows transparent synchronous data transfer. Data (D) and signaling (S) are passed from the MS (via S/C, RA1', FEC) through the RADIO I/F (via RA1', RAA', FEC) to the BSS (via RAA', MUX) and then to the MSC/IWF (via RAA'', S/C, D, S). +- Model 2e (Transparent synchronous data 64 kbit/s):** Shows transparent synchronous data transfer at 64 kbit/s. Data (D) and signaling (S) are passed from the MS (via S/C, RA1', FEC) through the RADIO I/F (via RA1', RAA'', FEC) to the BSS (via RAA'', MUX) and then to the MSC/IWF (via RAA'', S/C, D, S). +- Model 3e:** Shows data transfer using the Radio Link Protocol (RLP) and optionally including Data Compression (L2R COP). Data (D) and signaling (S) are passed from the MS (via char. async., S/C, FEC) through the RADIO I/F (via RA1', RAA', FEC) to the BSS (via RAA', MUX) and then to the MSC/IWF (via RAA'', S/C, char. async., D, S). + +Common components across models include I/Fcct at the TE2/MT2 interface, and FEC, MUX blocks at the Radio and BSS-MSC interfaces. + +Diagram showing four information transfer protocol models (Model 1e, Model 2e, Model 2e, Model 3e) for PLMN connections. The diagram is divided into three main columns: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function). Each model shows the flow of data (D) and signaling (S) through various protocol layers and interfaces (R I/F, RADIO I/F, BSS-MSC I/F). + +Figure 7 (continued) : Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels + +![Figure 7 (concluded) : Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels. The diagram shows three main entities: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function). The MS contains a FAX and FA connected to an I/Fcct. The BSS contains MT2, D, S, S/C, RA1', RA1', FEC, RA1', RAA', MUX, and MUX. The MSC/IWF contains FA and T.30. Interfaces are labeled R I/F, RADIO I/F, FA protocol, and BSS-MSC I/F.](9c1d3678db4a12d5864cb2a4def1135d_img.jpg) + +Figure 7 (concluded) : Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels. The diagram shows three main entities: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function). The MS contains a FAX and FA connected to an I/Fcct. The BSS contains MT2, D, S, S/C, RA1', RA1', FEC, RA1', RAA', MUX, and MUX. The MSC/IWF contains FA and T.30. Interfaces are labeled R I/F, RADIO I/F, FA protocol, and BSS-MSC I/F. + +**Figure 7 (concluded) : Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels** + +###### **Legend to Figure 7:** + +| | | +|-----|----------------------------| +| FA | = Fax Adaptor | +| GSC | = GSM Speech Codec | +| FEC | = Forward Error Correction | +| MPX | = Multiplex/Demultiplex | +| MUX | = Multiplex/Demultiplex | +| S/C | = Split/ Combine | + +### 6.4.3 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for EDGE channels) + +Figure 8 provides the information transfer protocol models for the identified set of PLMN connection types for support of TCH/F28.8 or TCH/F43.2 and figure 9 the models for the support of TCH/F32.0. The description of models given in subclause 6.4.1 applies also to figures 8 and 9. + +When a TCH/F28.8 channel is used in multislot configurations, multiple EDGE multiplexing functions are applied on both sides of the air-interface; i.e. one multiplexing function — on each side of the air interface — is associated with each air-interface channel. + +When TCH/F32.0 channels are used in double slot configurations, no rate adaptation is applied as the PLMN offers a '64 kbit/s pipe' between TE and an external network. When TCH/F32.0 channels are used in single slot configurations, the ITU-T I.460 rate adaptation is applied. (For details refer to 3GPP TS 44.021). + +![Figure 8: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using EDGE channels. The diagram is divided into three horizontal sections: Model 1b, Model 2b, and Model 3b. Each section shows data flow from a TE2 through various interfaces (R I/F, RADIO I/F, BSS-MSI I/F) and components (RA0, S/C, RA1', EDGE MUX, RA1', RAA', MUX, FEC) to an MSC/IWF. Model 1b and 2b show transparent data transfer, while Model 3b includes L2R COP and Radio Link Protocol layers.](28d75f39a24203712ee907b32cf0bbe5_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates three information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using EDGE channels, organized into three horizontal sections: Model 1b, Model 2b, and Model 3b. The vertical axes represent different network entities and interfaces: TE2, MS (R I/F), MT2, BSS (RADIO I/F), and MSC/IWF (BSS-MSI I/F). + +- Model 1b:** Labeled "Transparent asynchronous data". Data (D) and signaling (S) from the TE2 pass through the R I/F (I/Fcct) and MT2 (RA0, S/C, RA1', EDGE MUX, FEC) to the BSS (EDGE MUX, RA1', RAA', MUX, FEC) and finally to the MSC/IWF (RA0, S/C, MUX). +- Model 2b:** Labeled "Transparent synchronous data". Similar to Model 1b, but the data flow is synchronous. The MT2 and BSS components are similar, with the MSC/IWF side showing D and S signals. +- Model 3b:** Labeled "L2R COP (optionally including Data Compression)" and "Radio Link Protocol". Data (char.async) and signaling (D, S) from the TE2 pass through the R I/F (I/Fcct) and MT2 (EDGE MUX, S/C, RA1', FEC) to the BSS (EDGE MUX, RA1', RAA', MUX, FEC) and finally to the MSC/IWF (S/C, RAA', MUX). + +Figure 8: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using EDGE channels. The diagram is divided into three horizontal sections: Model 1b, Model 2b, and Model 3b. Each section shows data flow from a TE2 through various interfaces (R I/F, RADIO I/F, BSS-MSI I/F) and components (RA0, S/C, RA1', EDGE MUX, RA1', RAA', MUX, FEC) to an MSC/IWF. Model 1b and 2b show transparent data transfer, while Model 3b includes L2R COP and Radio Link Protocol layers. + +Figure 8: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using EDGE channels + +![Figure 9: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using TCH/F32.0 EDGE channels. The diagram shows two models, Model 2b and Model 2e, illustrating the data flow between a TE2, MS, MT2, RADIO I/F, BSS, BSS-MSC I/F, and MSC.](dd5771673aececa53d42ece89218299d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates two information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using TCH/F32.0 EDGE channels. The components involved are TE2, MS (R I/F), MT2, RADIO I/F, BSS, BSS-MSC I/F, and MSC. + +**Model 2b:** This model is for transparent synchronous data at 32 kbit/s. The data flow starts at the TE2, passes through the MS R I/F (I/Fcct), then the MT2 (I/Fcct), and then the RADIO I/F (FEC). The data is then transmitted over the air interface (indicated by a dashed line) to the BSS (FEC), and finally to the MSC via the BSS-MSC I/F (RA2). + +**Model 2e:** This model is for transparent synchronous data at 56 and 64 kbit/s. The data flow starts at the TE2, passes through the MS R I/F (I/Fcct), then the MT2 (I/Fcct), and then the RADIO I/F (EDGE MUX). The data is then transmitted over the air interface (indicated by a dashed line) to the BSS (FEC), and finally to the MSC via the BSS-MSC I/F (EDGE MUX). + +Figure 9: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using TCH/F32.0 EDGE channels. The diagram shows two models, Model 2b and Model 2e, illustrating the data flow between a TE2, MS, MT2, RADIO I/F, BSS, BSS-MSC I/F, and MSC. + +**Figure 9: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using TCH/F32.0 EDGE channels** + +## 6.5 PLMN connection types for GERAN Iu mode + +### 6.5.1 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for TCH/F9.6 channel coding) + +Figure 10 provides the information transfer protocol models for the identified set of PLMN connection types for TCH/F9.6 channel coding. The description of models given in subclause 6.4.1 applies also to figure 10. + +![Diagram of information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections, showing layers for MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF.](00504fc688ebcf131ccbeff94dfc9939_img.jpg) + +**Model 3b** + +The diagram illustrates the protocol stack for Model 3b across three entities: MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF. + +- MS (Mobile Station):** Consists of an upper block and an **IFccct** block at the bottom. A vertical line labeled **R I/F** connects them. +- BSS (Base Station Subsystem):** Consists of an upper block and an **IFccct** block at the bottom. A vertical line labeled **RADIO I/F** connects them. The upper block contains two parallel paths: + - A dashed line labeled **L2R COP (optionally including Data Compression)**. + - A solid line labeled **Radio Link Protocol**.Below the upper block, there are two sets of protocol layers: + - Left set: **D'** and **D** lines connect to an **RA1'** block, which connects to **RLC**, then **MAC**, and finally **PHY**. + - Right set: **RA1'** block connects to **RLC**, then **MAC**, and finally **PHY**. +- MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function):** Consists of an upper block and an **IFccct** block at the bottom. A vertical line labeled **BSS-MSC I/F** connects them. The upper block contains: + - D'** and **D** lines connecting to an **lu UP** block. + - An **lu UP** block connecting to an **AAL2** block, which connects to an **ATM** block. + - Output lines labeled **D** and **S**. + +Horizontal dashed lines connect the **PHY** blocks of the BSS to the **ATM** blocks of the MSC/IWF. A horizontal dashed line also connects the **IFccct** blocks of the MS and BSS. + +Diagram of information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections, showing layers for MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF. + +Figure 10: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections + +![Diagram showing three information transfer protocol models (Model 1e, Model 2e, Model 3e) for PLMN connections between MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF. Model 1e uses transparent asynchronous data. Model 2e uses transparent synchronous data. Model 3e uses L2R COP with optional data compression and a Radio Link Protocol. The diagram includes protocol stacks for RLC, MAC, PHY, S/C, RA1', lu UP, AAL2, and ATM, along with interfaces like I/Fcct, R I/F, and RADIO I/F.](e05b36c0d46549e681ce6581422c66b2_img.jpg) + +**Legend to Figure 10:** + +- RLC = Radio Link Control +- MAC = Medium Access Control +- PHY = Physical Layer +- S/C = Split/ Combine function +- lu UP = lu User Plane protocol +- ATM = Asynchronous Transfer Mode + +Diagram showing three information transfer protocol models (Model 1e, Model 2e, Model 3e) for PLMN connections between MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF. Model 1e uses transparent asynchronous data. Model 2e uses transparent synchronous data. Model 3e uses L2R COP with optional data compression and a Radio Link Protocol. The diagram includes protocol stacks for RLC, MAC, PHY, S/C, RA1', lu UP, AAL2, and ATM, along with interfaces like I/Fcct, R I/F, and RADIO I/F. + +Figure 10 (concluded): Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections + +### 6.5.2 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for TCH/F14.4 channel coding) + +Figure 11 provides the information transfer protocol models for the identified set of PLMN connection types for support of TCH/F14.4. The description of models given in subclause 6.4.1 applies also to figure 11. + +![Diagram of Model 3b information transfer protocol model showing layers for MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF.](5478f70a6cef3e5672b2b22d28830cfb_img.jpg) + +**Model 3b** + +The diagram illustrates the protocol stack for Model 3b across three main entities: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (MSC/Interworking Function). +- **MS:** Contains a TE2 connected to an I/Fcct. The I/Fcct connects to the R I/F. +- **R I/F:** The interface between MS and BSS. It contains an MT2 which splits into two paths: 'D' (Data) and 'S' (Signaling). Both paths go through I/Fcct, then PHY, MAC, and RLC layers. Above the RLC layers, there are two dashed lines representing 'L2R COP (optionally including Data Compression)' and 'Radio Link Protocol'. +- **BSS:** On the BSS side, the RLC layers connect to a block containing RA1' and RAA'. This block connects to an RAE, which then connects to the BSS-MSC I/F. +- **BSS-MSC I/F:** This interface contains 'Iu UP' (User Plane) and 'AAL2' layers, which in turn connect to 'ATM' layers. The ATM layers connect to the MSC/IWF. +- **MSC/IWF:** Contains a block with 'D' and 'S' paths. + +Diagram of Model 3b information transfer protocol model showing layers for MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF. + +Figure 11: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels + +![Diagram of Model 1e showing protocol stacks for transparent asynchronous data. It includes layers like RA0, S/C, RA1', RLC, MAC, PHY, RAE, Iu UP, AAL2, and ATM across MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF entities. Diagram of Model 2e showing protocol stacks for transparent synchronous data. Similar to Model 1e but without RA0 at the end of the MSC/IWF stack. Diagram of Model 2e for 56 and 64 kbit/s synchronous data. It features a combined S/C, RA1', and RAA'' block in the BSS-MSC interface. Diagram of Model 3e showing non-transparent data flow using Radio Link Protocol (RLP) and L2R COP layers across the MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF.](05eb72d372e4bf78e3d6a64949d77bcc_img.jpg) + +MS +BSS +MSC/IWF + +TE2 +R I/F +MT2 +RADIO I/F +BSS-MSC I/F + +**Model 1e** Transparent asynchronous data + +Model 1e illustrates the protocol stack for transparent asynchronous data. Data (D) and Signaling (S) flow from TE2 through MT2 (RA0, S/C, RA1') to BSS (RLC, MAC, PHY) and finally to MSC/IWF (RA1', RAA', RAE, S/C, Iu UP, AAL2, ATM, RA0). + +**Model 2e** Transparent synchronous data + +Model 2e illustrates the protocol stack for transparent synchronous data. The flow is similar to Model 1e but excludes the RA0 layer at the MSC/IWF interface. + +**Model 2e** Transparent synchronous data 56 and 64 kbit/s + +This variation of Model 2e is for 56 and 64 kbit/s transparent synchronous data, featuring a modified interface block (S/C, RA1', RAA'') between BSS and MSC/IWF. + +**Model 3e** L2R COP (optionally including Data Compression) and Radio Link Protocol + +Model 3e represents non-transparent data transfer using L2R COP and Radio Link Protocol (RLP) layers spanning from the MT2 to the MSC/IWF. + +Diagram of Model 1e showing protocol stacks for transparent asynchronous data. It includes layers like RA0, S/C, RA1', RLC, MAC, PHY, RAE, Iu UP, AAL2, and ATM across MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF entities. Diagram of Model 2e showing protocol stacks for transparent synchronous data. Similar to Model 1e but without RA0 at the end of the MSC/IWF stack. Diagram of Model 2e for 56 and 64 kbit/s synchronous data. It features a combined S/C, RA1', and RAA'' block in the BSS-MSC interface. Diagram of Model 3e showing non-transparent data flow using Radio Link Protocol (RLP) and L2R COP layers across the MS, BSS, and MSC/IWF. + +**Figure 11 (concluded): Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using 14.4 channels** + +### 6.5.3 Limited set of PLMN connection types (for EDGE channels) + +Figure 12 provides the information transfer protocol models for the identified set of PLMN connection types for support of TCH/F28.8 or TCH/F43.2 and figure 13 the models for the support of TCH/F32.0. The description of models given in subclause 6.4.1 applies also to figures 12 and 13. + +When a TCH/F28.8 channel is used in multislot configurations, multiple EDGE multiplexing functions are applied on both sides of the air-interface; i.e. one multiplexing function — on each side of the air interface — is associated with each air-interface channel. + +When TCH/F32.0 channels are used in double slot configurations, no rate adaptation is applied as the PLMN offers a '64 kbit/s pipe' between TE and an external network. When TCH/F32.0 channels are used in single slot configurations, the ITU-T I.460 rate adaptation is applied. (For details refer to 3GPP TS 44.021). + +![Diagram showing three information transfer protocol models (Model 1b, Model 2b, Model 3b) for PLMN connections using EDGE channels. The diagram is divided into three horizontal sections for the models, with vertical columns for MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (MSC/Interworking Function). Model 1b shows transparent asynchronous data transfer. Model 2b shows transparent synchronous data transfer. Model 3b shows L2R COP (optionally including Data Compression) with a Radio Link Protocol. Each model details the protocol stack and data flow between the TE2, R/Fct, MT2, RADIO I/F, and BSS-MSC I/F interfaces.](2837ffdadcdb1e5bababa56b564e56ed_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates three information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using EDGE channels, organized into three horizontal sections: Model 1b, Model 2b, and Model 3b. The vertical columns represent different network entities: MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (MSC/Interworking Function). The interfaces shown are TE2, R I/F, MT2, RADIO I/F, and BSS-MSC I/F. + +- Model 1b: Transparent asynchronous data** + - MS (TE2/MT2):** Data flows from TE2 through I/Fcct to MT2. MT2 contains RA0, S/C, RA1', EDGE MUX, RLC, MAC, and PHY layers. + - BSS:** Contains PHY, MAC, RLC, EDGE MUX, RA1', RAA', RAE, S/C, Iu UP, AAL2, and ATM layers. + - MSC/IWF:** Contains ATM, AAL2, Iu UP, S/C, and RA0 layers. +- Model 2b: Transparent synchronous data** + - MS (TE2/MT2):** Similar to Model 1b, data flows through I/Fcct to MT2. MT2 contains S/C, RA1', EDGE MUX, RLC, MAC, and PHY layers. + - BSS:** Contains PHY, MAC, RLC, EDGE MUX, RA1', RAA', RAE, S/C, Iu UP, AAL2, and ATM layers. + - MSC/IWF:** Contains ATM, AAL2, Iu UP, and S/C layers. +- Model 3b: L2R COP (optionally including Data Compression) / Radio Link Protocol** + - MS (TE2/MT2):** Data flows through I/Fcct to MT2. MT2 handles char.async. data and contains S/C, EDGE MUX, RLC, MAC, and PHY layers. + - BSS:** Contains PHY, MAC, RLC, EDGE MUX, RA1', RAA', RAE, S/C, Iu UP, AAL2, and ATM layers. + - MSC/IWF:** Contains ATM, AAL2, Iu UP, S/C, and char.async. interfaces. + +Diagram showing three information transfer protocol models (Model 1b, Model 2b, Model 3b) for PLMN connections using EDGE channels. The diagram is divided into three horizontal sections for the models, with vertical columns for MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC/IWF (MSC/Interworking Function). Model 1b shows transparent asynchronous data transfer. Model 2b shows transparent synchronous data transfer. Model 3b shows L2R COP (optionally including Data Compression) with a Radio Link Protocol. Each model details the protocol stack and data flow between the TE2, R/Fct, MT2, RADIO I/F, and BSS-MSC I/F interfaces. + +**Figure 12: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using EDGE channels** + +![Figure 13: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using TCH/F32.0 EDGE channels. The diagram shows two models, Model 2b and Model 2e, illustrating the protocol stacks across different interfaces: MS R I/F, MT2, RADIO I/F, BSS, BSS-MSC I/F, and MSC. Model 2b shows transparent synchronous data at 32 kbit/s, while Model 2e shows transparent synchronous data at 56 / 64 kbit/s.](78ff716475b2f65bf01c3a4d02d89fc4_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates two information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using TCH/F32.0 EDGE channels. The interfaces involved are MS R I/F, MT2, RADIO I/F, BSS, BSS-MSC I/F, and MSC. + +**Model 2b:** Transparent synchronous data 32 kbit/s. The protocol stack consists of: + +- MS R I/F:** I/Fcct +- MT2:** I/Fcct +- RADIO I/F:** RLC, MAC, PHY +- BSS:** RLC, MAC, PHY +- BSS-MSC I/F:** lu UP, AAL2, ATM +- MSC:** lu UP, AAL2, ATM + +**Model 2e:** Transparent synchronous data 56 / 64 kbit/s. The protocol stack consists of: + +- MS R I/F:** I/Fcct +- MT2:** I/Fcct +- RADIO I/F:** EDGE MUX, RLC, MAC, PHY +- BSS:** EDGE MUX, RLC, MAC, PHY +- BSS-MSC I/F:** lu UP, AAL2, ATM +- MSC:** lu UP, AAL2, ATM + +Figure 13: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using TCH/F32.0 EDGE channels. The diagram shows two models, Model 2b and Model 2e, illustrating the protocol stacks across different interfaces: MS R I/F, MT2, RADIO I/F, BSS, BSS-MSC I/F, and MSC. Model 2b shows transparent synchronous data at 32 kbit/s, while Model 2e shows transparent synchronous data at 56 / 64 kbit/s. + +Figure 13: Information transfer protocol models for PLMN connections using TCH/F32.0 EDGE channels + +# 7 Relationship between Telecommunication services and connection types + +## 7.1 General + +Given a request for a telecommunication service at the initiation of a call, the PLMN must establish a connection of a connection type that supports the attributes of the service requested. This establishment of a connection is effected at the time of call set up. + +It should be noted that PLMN connection types represent the technical capabilities of a PLMN and provide a basis for the definition of performance and interworking with other networks. Telecommunication services supported by PLMN are the packages offered to customers and the definition of their attributes is the means to standardize the service offerings in all PLMNs. + +Quality of service and commercial attributes are relevant to telecommunication services whereas connection types are characterized by network performance, network operations and maintenance attributes. + +## 7.2 Relationship between Bearer services and connection types + +Table 5 shows the relationship between Bearer services and PLMN connection types. In table 5, the connection elements for each connection type related to a Bearer service are shown. + +Dominant attributes of the connection elements, such as information transfer mode, information transfer rate, information transfer capability and structure are indicated. The type of radio traffic channel used is also shown (half rate and full rate). In the multislot cases the minimum number of timeslots per connection (n) is 1. + +## 7.3 Relationship between Teleservices and connection types + +Table 6 shows the relationship between teleservices and connection type elements, for those teleservices having PLMN connection type which does not correspond to the PLMN connection type of a bearer service. As in table 5/3GPP TS 43.010, dominant attributes of the connection elements and the type of radio traffic channel are shown. In the multislot cases the minimum number of timeslots per connection (n) is 1. + +## 7.4 Network capability to support in-call modification + +Specifications 3GPP TS 22.002 and 22.003 identify a particular need for a PLMN to support the Alternate speech and group 3 facsimile. + +This service allows the use of in-call modification to change the mode of service. The network capability to support in-call modification is described in 3GPP TS 24.008. An in-call modification of the service mode is not possible for other services. + +## 7.5 Network capability to support channel mode modification + +Specification 3GPP TS 43.045 (Technical Realization of the Group 3 Facsimile Teleservice) identifies a need for a PLMN to support channel mode modification within the facsimile phase of the alternate speech and facsimile group 3 service. The network capability to support channel modification is described in 3GPP TS 24.008. Channel mode modification is not possible for other services. A channel mode modification results in a change of connection element over the radio interface with resultant change in access at the mobile station. + +**Table 5: Relationship between Bearer services and PLMN Connection elements** + +| Connection description | Bearer service user data rate | Radio interface connection element | Intermediate rate at the BSS-MSC interface | BSS-MSC connection element | Protocol model in figure 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13 | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| Circuit mode unstructured with unrestricted digital capability transparent. | Data circuit duplex async $n \times 4\,800$ ( $n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 9\,600$ bit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ).
Data circuit duplex sync $n \times 4\,800$ ( $n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 9\,600$ bit/s ( $n \leq 5$ ) or $n \times 1\,200$ bit/s ( $n = 5$ or 6). | cct mode unstructured unrestricted $n \times 6$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 12$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 6$ ) on n full rate channels. | 8 or 16 kbit/s per TCH/F.

For data connections using 5 or 6 TCH/Fs no intermediate rate(s) . | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 : 1 e, 2 e
Fig 10 : 1 e, 2 e | +| | Data circuit duplex async $n \times 14\,400$ bit/s ( $n \leq 3$ ).
Data circuit duplex sync $n \times 14\,400$ bit/s ( $n \leq 5$ ) | cct mode unstructured unrestricted $n \times 14.5$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 5$ ) on n full rate channels | 16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 7 : 1 e, 2 e
Fig 11 : 1 e, 2 e | +| | Data circuit duplex async 28 800 bit/s.
Data circuit duplex sync 28 800 bit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 29.0 kbit/s on full rate channel | 16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 8 : 1 b, 2 b
Fig 12 : 1 b, 2 b | +| | Data circuit duplex Sync 32 000 bit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 32 kbit/s on full rate channel | 32 kbit/s | | Fig 9 : 2 b
Fig 13 : 2 b | +| | Data circuit duplex sync 64 000 bit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted $2 \times 32.0$ kbit/s on full rate channels | No intermediate rate for the 64 000 bit/s rate | | Fig 9 : 2 e
Fig 13 : 2 e | +| | Data circuit duplex async 14 400 bit/s
Data circuit duplex sync 14 400 bit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 14.5 kbit/s on full rate Channel | 16 kbit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 7 : 1 b, 2 b
Fig 11 : 1 b, 2 b | +| | Data circuit duplex async 9 600 bit/s.
Data circuit duplex sync 9 600 bit/s. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 12 kbit/s on full rate channel. | 16 kbit/s. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 : 1 b

2 b | +| | Data circuit duplex async 4 800 bit/s.
Data circuit duplex sync 4 800 bit/s. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 6 kbit/s on full rate channel and half rate channel. | 8 kbit/s. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 1 b

2 b | +| | Data circuit duplex async 300.
Data circuit duplex async 1 200.
Data circuit duplex async 2 400.
Data circuit duplex sync 1 200.
Data circuit duplex sync 2 400. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 3.6 kbit/s on full rate channel and half rate channel. | 8 kbit/s. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 : 1 b | + +| Connection description | Bearer service user data rate | Radio interface connection element | Intermediate rate at the BSS-MSC interface | BSS-MSC connection element | Protocol model in figure 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13 | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| Circuit mode unstructured with unrestricted digital capability non transparent. | Data circuit duplex async $n \times 4\,800$ ( $n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 9\,600$ bit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ). | cct mode SDU unrestricted $n \times 6$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 12$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ) on full rate channels. | 8 or 16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 : 3 e
Fig 10 : 3 e | +| | Data circuit duplex async $n \times 14\,400$ bit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ). | cct mode SDU unrestricted $n \times 14.5$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ) on full rate channels. | 16 kbit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 7 : 3 e
Fig 11 : 3 e | +| | Data circuit duplex async $n \times 28\,800$ bit/s ( $n \leq 2$ ). | cct mode SDU unrestricted $n \times 29.0$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 2$ ) on full rate channels. | 16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 8 : 3 b
Fig 12 : 3 b | +| | Data circuit duplex async 43 200 bit/s | cct mode SDU unrestricted 43.5 kbit/s on a full rate channel. | 16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | | | +| | Data circuit duplex async 14 400 bit/s | cct mode SDU unrestricted 14.5 kbit/s on full rate channel | 16 kbit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 7 : 3 b
Fig 11 : 3 e | +| | Data circuit duplex async 9 600 bit/s. | cct mode SDU unrestricted 12 kbit/s on full rate channel. | 16 kbit/s. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 : 3 b
Fig 10 : 3 b | +| | Data circuit duplex async 4 800 bit/s. | cct mode SDU unrestricted full rate channel, 12 kbit/s or half rate channel, 6 kbit/s. | 16 kbit/s FR
8 kbit/s HR. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 : 3 b
Fig 10 : 3 b | +| | Data circuit duplex async 300.
Data circuit duplex async 1 200.
Data circuit duplex async 2 400. | cct mode SDU unrestricted full rate channel, 12 kbit/s or half rate channel, 6 kbit/s. | 16 kbit/s FR
8 kbit/s HR. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 : 3 b
Fig 10 : 3 b | + +| Connection description | Bearer service user data rate | Radio interface connection element | Intermediate rate at the BSS-MSC interface | BSS-MSC connection element | Protocol model in figure 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13 | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| Circuit mode unstructured with 3.1 kHz audio ex PLMN transparent. | Data circuit duplex async $n \times 4\,800$ bit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 9\,600$ bit/s ( $n \leq 3$ ).
Data circuit duplex sync $n \times 4\,800$ bit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 9\,600$ bit/s ( $n \leq 3$ ). | cct mode unstructured unrestricted $n \times 6$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 12$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 3$ ) on n full rate channels. | 8 or 16 kbit/s TCH/F. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 : 1 e, 2 e
Fig 10 : 1 e, 2 e | +| | Data circuit duplex async $n \times 14\,400$ bit/s ( $n \leq 2$ ).
Data circuit duplex sync $n \times 14\,400$ bit/s ( $n \leq 2$ ) | cct mode unstructured unrestricted $x\,14.5$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 2$ ) on n full rate channels | 16 kbit/s per TCH/F | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 7 : 1 e, 2 e
Fig 11 : 1 e, 2 e | +| | Data circuit duplex async 28 800 bit/s.
Data circuit duplex sync 28 800 bit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 29.0 kbit/s on a full rate channel | 16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 8 : 1 b, 2 b
Fig 12 : 1 b, 2 b | +| | Data circuit duplex asynch 14 400 bit/s
synch 14 400 bit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 14.5 kbit/s on full rate channels | 16 kbit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 7 : 1 b for async
Fig 7 : 2 b for synch | +| | Data circuit duplex async 9.6 kbit/s
sync 9.6 kbit/s. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 12 kbit/s full rate channel. | 16 kbit/s. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 : 1 b for asynch.

Fig 6 : 2 b for synch. | +| | Data circuit duplex async 4.8 kbit/s
sync 4.8 kbit/s. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 6 kbit/s full and half rate channel. | 8 kbit/s. | | | +| | Data circuit duplex async $\leq 2\,400$
sync $\leq 2\,400$ . | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 3.6 kbit/s full and half rate channel. | 8 kbit/s. | | | + +| Connection description | Bearer service user data rate | Radio interface connection element | Intermediate rate at the BSS-MSC interface | BSS-MSC connection element | Protocol model in figure 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13 | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------| +| Circuit mode unstructured with 3.1 kHz audio ex PLMN non transparent. | Data circuit duplex async $n \times 4\,800$ ( $n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 9\,600$ ( $n \leq 4$ ) bit/s. | cct mode SDU unrestricted $n \times 6$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ) or $n \times 12$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ) on full rate channels. | 8 or 16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbits/s. | Fig 6 : 3 e
Fig 10 : 3 e | +| | Data circuit duplex async $n \times 14\,400$ bit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ). | cct mode SDU unrestricted $n \times 14.5$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 4$ ) on n full rate channels | 16 kbit/s per TCH/F | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbits/s. | Fig 7 : 3 e
Fig 11 : 3 e | +| | Data circuit duplex async 28 800 bit/s.
Data circuit duplex async 43 200 bit/s | cct mode SDU unrestricted 29.0 kbit/s on a full rate channel.

cct mode SDU unrestricted 43.5 kbit/s on a full rate channel. | 16 kbit/s per TCH/F.

16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbits/s. | Fig 8 : 3 b
Fig 12 : 3 e | +| | Data circuit duplex asynch 14 400 bit/s | cct mode SDU unrestricted 14.5 kbit/s full rate channel | 16 kbit/s | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbits/s. | Fig 7 : 3 b
Fig 11 : 3 b | +| | Data circuit duplex async 9.6 kbit/s | cct mode SDU unrestricted 12 kbit/s full rate channel. | 16 kbit/s. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 64 kbit/s. | Fig 6 : 3 b
Fig 10 : 3 b | +| | Data circuit duplex async 4.8 kbit/s | cct mode SDU unrestricted half rate channel, 6 kbit/s or full rate channel, 12 kbit/s. | 16 kbit/s FR
8 kbit/s HR. | | | +| | Data circuit duplex async $\leq 2\,400$ | cct mode SDU unrestricted half rate channel, 6 kbit/s or full rate channel, 12 kbit/s. | | | | + +**Table 6: Relationship between Teleservices and PLMN connection types** + +| Teleservice in a PLMN | Access at mobile station | Radio interface connection element | Intermediate rate at the BSS-MSC interface | BSS-MSC connection element | Protocol model in figure 6 or 7 | +|-------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| Telephony. | | cct mode speech. | NA. | cct mode structured 64 kbit/s speech. | Fig 6 : 6 | +| Emergency calls. | | cct mode speech. | NA. | cct mode structured 64 kbit/s speech. | Fig 6 : 6 | +| Alternate Speech/Facsimile Group 3. | Data cct duplex synchronous access alternate speech/group 3 fax. | cct mode speech alternating with unstructured unrestricted 3.6 or 6 or 12 kbit/s or $n \times 6$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 3$ ) or $n \times 12$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 2$ ) on FR transparent. | Speech NA
8 or 16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | cct mode structured 64 kbit/s alternate speech/unrestricted. | Fig 6 : 5a or 5b and 6 | +| | | cct mode speech alternating with unstructured unrestricted 14.5 kbit/s or $n \times 14.5$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 2$ ) on FR transparent. | Speech NA
16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | | Fig 7 : 5a or 5b and 6 | +| Automatic Facsimile Group 3. | Data cct duplex synchronous access group 3 fax. | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 3.6 or 6 or 12 kbit/s or $n \times 6$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 3$ ) or $n \times 12$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 2$ ) on FR transparent. | 8 or 16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | cct mode structured 64 kbit/s unrestricted. | Fig 6 : 5a, 5b | +| | | cct mode unstructured unrestricted 14.5 kbit/s or $n \times 14.5$ kbit/s ( $n \leq 2$ ) on FR transparent. | 16 kbit/s per TCH/F. | | | + +NA: Not Applicable + +NOTE: The multislot data connections and the connections using TCH/F14.4 coding belong to the General Bearer Services (Classes 20 and 30 in 3GPP TS 22.002). + +# --- Annex A (informative): List of definitions of PLMN connection type attributes and values + +## A.1 Attribute definition and their values + +### Information transfer mode: + +This attribute describes the operational mode for transferring (transportation and switching) user information through a PLMN connection in the network. + +Value: - Circuit + +### Information transfer capability: + +This attribute describes the capability associated with the transfer of different types of information through a PLMN connection. + +Values: - Unrestricted digital information + +- Speech + +- Group 3 facsimile + +- 3.1 kHz audio ex PLMN + +- Restricted digital information (Note: this value is signalled in the "Other ITC" element, due to a lack of further code points in the "ITC" element.) + +### Information transfer rate: + +This attribute describes either the bit rate (circuit mode) or the throughput (packet mode, for further study). It refers to the transfer of digital information on a PLMN connection. + +Values: - Appropriate bit rate + +- Throughput rate + +### Establishment of connection: + +This attribute describes the mode of establishment used to establish and release PLMN connections. + +Value: - Demand + +### Symmetry: + +This attribute describes the relationship of information flow between two (or more) access points or reference points involved in a PLMN connection. + +Values: - Bidirectional symmetric + +- Bidirectional asymmetric (Multislot configurations for data) + +### Connection configuration: + +This attribute describes the spatial arrangement for transferring information on a given PLMN connection. + +Value: - Point-to-point + +### **Structure:** + +This attribute refers to the capability of a PLMN connection to deliver information to the destination access point or reference point in a structure that was presented in a corresponding signal structured at the origin (access point or reference point). + +- Values: +- Service data unit integrity (see note 1) + - Unstructured (see note 2) + +NOTE 1: Applicable for connection element "non transparent". + +NOTE 2: Applicable for connection element "transparent". + +### **Channel rate:** + +This attribute describes the channels and their bit rate used to transfer the user information and/or signalling information. + +- Value: +- Name of channel (designation) and/or the corresponding bit rate + +NOTE 3: This attribute can be used several times for connection characterization. + +### **Connection control protocol, information transfer coding/protocol (layer 1 to 3):** + +These attributes characterize the protocols on the connection control and/or user information transfer channel. + +- Value: +- Appropriate protocol for each layer + +NOTE 4: This attribute can be used several times for connection characterization. + +### **Synchronous/Asynchronous:** + +This attribute describes the type of transmission between the reference access points. + +- Values: +- Synchronous + - Asynchronous + +### **Negotiation:** + +This attribute describes the possibility of inband parameter exchange (according to V.110) between reference access points. + +- Value: +- In band negotiation not possible + +### **User Rate:** + +This element is relevant between the IWF and the fixed network. + +- Values: +- 0.3 kbit/s + - 1.2 kbit/s + - 2.4 kbit/s + - 4.8 kbit/s + - 9.6 kbit/s + +### **Intermediate rate:** + +This attribute defines the intermediate rate (according to 3GPP TS 48.020 and ITU-T V.110) at the A interface connection element part. + +- Values: +- 8 kbit/s + - 16 kbit/s + +#### Fixed network user rate FNUR: + +This element is relevant between the MSC and the fixed network. + +Values: - 9.6 kbit/s + +- 14.4 kbit/s + +- 19.2 kbit/s + +- 28.8 kbit/s + +- 32.0 kbit/s + +- 38.4 kbit/s + +- 48.0 kbit/s + +- 56.0 kbit/s + +- 64.0 kbit/s + +### Acceptable channel coding(s) ACC: + +This attribute indicates the channel codings acceptable to the MS. This parameter is given at call set-up and it is non negotiable. + +Values: 4.8 kbit/s + +and/or 9.6 kbit/s + +and/or 14.4 kbit/s + +and/or 28.8 kbit/s + +and/or 32.0 kbit/s + +and/or 43.2 kbit/s + +#### Maximum number of TCH/Fs (Multislot configurations for data): + +This attribute is given at call set-up and it enables the mobile user to limit the number of TCH/Fs used during the call. + +Values: 1 + +2 + +3 + +4 + +5 + +6 + +7 (note 5) + +8 (note 5) + +NOTE 5: Not used by the currently specified services. + +#### Wanted air interface user rate (AIUR): + +This attribute is applicable to non-transparent services only, and it gives the AIUR that the mobile user wants and which the network tries to achieve but which it is not allowed to exceed. + +Values: Not applicable + +9.6 kbit/s + 14.4 kbit/s + 19.2 kbit/s + 28.8 kbit/s + 38.4 kbit/s + 43.2 kbit/s + 57.6 kbit/s + +### User initiated modification indication (Multislot configurations for data): + +This element is relevant between the MT and the IWF. + +- Values: +- User initiated modification not requested + - User initiated modification up to 1 TCH/F requested + - User initiated modification up to 2 TCH/F requested + - User initiated modification up to 3 TCH/F requested + - User initiated modification up to 4 TCH/F requested + +The parameters where it is indicated that they are related to Multislot configurations for data are optional. + +For multislot configuration, the following applies to the parameters contained in the BC-IE: + +- Half rate channels are not supported. The MS shall code the radio channel requirement as "Full rate support only MS" or "Dual rate support MS, full rate preferred". In the second case, the network shall assign full rate channel(s) only. +- The "fixed network user rate" and "other modem type" take precedence over the "user rate" and "modem type", except for modem types "autobauding", "modem for undefined interface" or "none". +- The "intermediate rate" parameter is overridden. The intermediate rate used per each TCH/F is derived from the chosen channel type: + +| channel type | IR per TCH/F | +|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| TCH/F4.8 | 8 kbit/s | +| TCH/F9.6 | 16 kbit/s | +| TCH/F14.4 | 16 kbit/s (on the A interface but 32 kbit/s inside the MS) | + +- The user rate per TCH is derived from the chosen channel type: + +| channel type | user rate per TCH | +|--------------|-------------------| +| TCH/F4.8 | 4.8 kbit/s | +| TCH/F9.6 | 9.6 kbit/s | +| TCH/F14.4 | 14.4 kbit/s | + +For CE: T, the padding procedure described in 3GPP TS 44.021 can be applied. + +### Network independent clocking on Tx: + +This attribute defines the usage of NIC at the reference access point in the transmit direction. + +- Values: +- Not required + - Required + +#### Network independent clocking on Rx: + +This attribute defines the usage of NIC at the reference access point in the receive direction. + +- Values: +- Not accepted + - Accepted + +#### Number of stop bits: + +This attribute describes the number of stop bits for the asynchronous type of transmission between reference access points. + +- Values: +- 1 bit + - 2 bit + +#### Number of data bits excluding parity if present: + +This attribute describes the number of data bits for a character oriented mode of transmission between reference access points. + +- Values: +- 7 bit + - 8 bit + +#### Parity information: + +This attribute describes the type of parity information for a character oriented mode of transmission between the reference access points. + +- Values: +- Odd + - Even + - None + - Forced to 0 + - Forced to 1 + +#### Duplex mode: + +This attribute describes the kind of transmission of the PLMN between reference access points. + +- Value: +- Full duplex + +#### Modem type: + +This attribute describes the modem allocated by the IWF/MSC in the case of a 3.1 kHz audio used outside the PLMN information transfer capability. + +- Values: +- V.21 + - V.22 + - V.22bis + - V.26ter + - V.32 + - Autobauding type 1 + - None + - + +#### Other Modem Type (OMT): + +This element is relevant between the MS and IWF. + +- Values: +- No other modem type + - V.34 + +### Compression + +This attribute describes the possible usage of data compression between the reference access points. In the network to MS direction, it indicates the possibility of using data compression. In the MS to network direction, it indicates the allowance of data compression. + +- Values: +- Data compression not possible/not allowed + - Data compression possible/allowed (see note 6) + +NOTE 6: Only applicable for the asynchronous transmission between the reference access points, if connection element is "non transparent". + +#### Radio channel requirement: + +This attribute describes the available channels for the transfer of the user information between the reference access points. + +- Values: +- Full rate channel (Bm) + - Half rate channel (Lm) + - dual rate/full rate preferred + - Dual rate/half rate preferred + +#### Negotiation of Intermediate Rate Requested (NIRR) + +This attribute indicates if 6 kbit/s radio interface rate is requested. + +- Values: +- NIRR not requested/not accepted + - NIRR requested/accepted + +### Connection element: + +This attribute describes the possible usage of layer 2 protocol between the reference access points. + +- Values: +- Transparent + - Non-transparent (RLP) + - Both, transparent preferred + - Both, non transparent preferred + +### User information layer 2 protocol: + +This attribute describes the layer 2 relay protocol used between the reference access points in non-transparent transmissions. + +- Values: +- ISO 6429, code set 0 + - X.25 (note 7) + - Character oriented protocol with no flow control + +NOTE 7: This value was used by services defined for former 3GPP releases and does not need to be supported. + +#### Signalling access protocol: + +This attribute characterizes the protocol on the signalling or user information transfer channel at the mobile reference access point. + +Values: - I.440/450 + +- X.21 (note 7) +- X.28, dedicated PAD, individual NUI (note 7) +- X.28, dedicated PAD, universal NUI (note 7) +- X.28, non dedicated PAD (note 7) +- X.32 (note 7) + +NOTE 7: This value was used by services defined for former 3GPP releases and does not need to be supported. + +### Rate adaptation: + +This attribute describes the rate adaptation used at the fixed reference access point. + +Values: - V.110/X.30 + +- X.31 flag stuffing (note 7) +- No rate adaptation +- V.120 (Note: This value is signalled in the "Other Rate Adaption" element, due to a lack of further code points in the "Rate Adaptation" element.) + +NOTE 7: This value was used by services defined for former 3GPP releases and does not need to be supported. + +#### Coding standard: + +This attribute refers to the structure of the BC-IE defined in the 3GPP TS 24.008. + +Value: - GSM + +#### User information layer 1 protocol: + +This attribute characterizes the layer 1 protocol to be used at the Um interface according to the 3GPP TS 45.001. + +Value: - Default + +#### Rate adaption header/no header: + +This attribute is relevant between IWF and the fixed network. It is only applicable for V.120 rate adaptation. + +Values: - Rate adaption header not included + +- Rate adaption header included + +#### Multiple frame establishment support in data link: + +This attribute is relevant between IWF and the fixed network. It is only applicable for V.120 rate adaptation. + +Values: - Multiple frame establishment not supported. Only UI frames allowed + +- Multiple frame establishment supported + +### Mode of operation: + +This attribute is relevant between IWF and the fixed network. It is only applicable for V.120 rate adaptation. + +Values: - Bit transparent mode of operation + +- Protocol sensitive mode of operation + +### Logical link identifier negotiation: + +This attribute is relevant between IWF and the fixed network. It is only applicable for V.120 rate adaptation. + +Values: - Default, LLI=256 only + +- Full protocol negotiation (note 8) + +NOTE 8: A connection over which protocol negotiation will be executed is indicated in the "In-band/out-band negotiation" parameter. + +#### Assignor/assignee: + +This attribute is relevant between IWF and the fixed network. It is only applicable for V.120 rate adaptation. + +Values: - Message originator is "default assignee" + +- Message originator is "assignor only" + +### In-band/out-band negotiation: + +This attribute is relevant between IWF and the fixed network. It is only applicable for V.120 rate adaptation. + +Values: - Negotiation is done with USER INFORMATION messages on a temporary signalling connection + +- Negotiation is done in-band using logical link zero. + +## --- A.2 Definition of values + +Unrestricted digital data information: + +Transfer of information sequence of bits at its specified bit rate without alteration. + +This implies: - bit sequence independence; + +- digit sequence integrity; + +- bit integrity. + +Speech: + +Digital representation of speech coded according to a specified encoding rule (e.g. A Law, 3GPP TS 06-series). + +Demand connection: + +A PLMN connection is set up at any time on demand via a digital channel in response to signalling information received from subscriber, other MSCs or other networks, i.e. on a per call basis. + +Bidirectional symmetric: + +This value applies when the information flow characteristics provided by the PLMN connection are the same between two (or more) access points or reference points in the forward and backward directions. + +Bidirectional asymmetric (Multislot configurations for data): + +This value applies when the information flow characteristics provided by the PLMN connection differ between two (or more) access points or reference points in the forward and backward directions on one or more TCH/Fs. In Multislot configurations for data the asymmetry is downlink biased, i.e. the MS may receive at a greater rate than it transmits. + +Point-to-point connection: + +This value applies when only two end points are provided by the connection. + +Service data unit integrity: + +This value applies when: + +- i) at each user-network interface, protocols provide a mechanism for identifying the boundaries of service data units; and +- ii) all bits submitted within a single service data unit are delivered in a corresponding service data unit. + +Unstructured: + +This value is applicable when the PLMN connection neither provides structural boundaries nor preserves structural integrity. + +# --- Annex B (informative): Location of the transcoding, multiplexing and RA2 functions + +The location of the transcoding and data rate adaptation functions used to convert from the data rate used on the radio interface to the 64 kbits/s required by the MSC, is considered in this annex B. There are four alternatives which are equally valid from a connection type point of view. The selection of which alternative to use is not considered in 3GPP TS 43.010. The alternatives are shown in figure 10. + +Alternative 1 assumes that all the transcoding and data rate adaptation is located at the BSS end of the A interface. + +Alternative 2 assumes that all the transcoding and data rate adaptation is located at the MSC end of the A interface and gives no indication how the information is carried on the link. + +Alternative 3 assumes that the information is transferred on the A interface in 8 or 16 kbit/s channels using one of the sub-multiplexing schemes described in CCITT Recommendation I.460. The same sub-multiplexing scheme is used for both speech and data. + +Alternative 4 illustrates a multislot connection in which the information is transferred on the A-interface in 64 kbit/s channel into which up to four channels of intermediate rate 16 kbit/s have been multiplexed (refer to 3GPP TS 48.020). Alternative 4 also shows a situation in which a multislot connection of 5 or 6 TCH/Fs is used; the rate between the RA1'/RA1- and RA1''-functions is 64 kbit/s. + +The alternatives explained above correspond to all channels excluding TCH/F14.4 and EDGE. + +Alternatives 1b, 2b, 3b, and 4b show similar approaches for channel codings TCH/F14.4, TCH/F28.8, and TCH/F43.2. + +It should be noted that in all of the alternatives the transcoding and data rate adaptation are performed on the BSS side of the A-interface and is therefore considered to be a function of the BSS. + +In the first three alternatives, the interface at the MSC is always based on 64 kbit/s without sub-multiplexing. + +![Diagram showing three alternatives for transcoding and rate adaptation between MS, BSS, and MSC. Alternative 1 shows adaptation in the BSS. Alternative 2 shows adaptation in the MSC. Alternative 3 shows adaptation in the MSC using GSM 06-series channels.](0a73b03fba21af142d619a9a662e6490_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates three alternatives for handling data and speech traffic between a Mobile Station (MS), Base Station (BSS), and Mobile Switching Center (MSC). + +**MS** (Mobile Station) is on the left, **BSS** (Base Station) is in the middle, and **MSC** (Mobile Switching Center) is on the right. + +**Interfaces:** + +- RADIO I/F**: Between MS and BSS. +- BSS-MSC LINK**: Between BSS and MSC. +- BSS-MSC I/F**: Between BSS and MSC. + +**ALTERNATIVE 1:** + +- Data**: MS → FEC → RA1' (BSS) → RA1 (BSS) → RA2 (BSS) → MSC. +- Speech**: MS → FEC → GSC (BSS) → A LAW (BSS) → MSC. + +**ALTERNATIVE 2:** + +- Data**: MS → FEC → BSS-MSC LINK → RA1' (MSC) → RA1 (MSC) → RA2 (MSC) → MSC. +- Speech**: MS → FEC → GSM 06-series → GSC (MSC) → A LAW (MSC) → MSC. + +**ALTERNATIVE 3:** + +- Data**: MS → FEC → RA1' (BSS) → RA1 (BSS) → MPX (BSS) → n x 8/16 kbit/s → MPX (MSC) → RA2 (MSC) → MSC. +- Speech**: MS → FEC → MPX (BSS) → n x 8/16 kbit/s → MPX (MSC) → GSC (MSC) → A LAW (MSC) → MSC. + +Diagram showing three alternatives for transcoding and rate adaptation between MS, BSS, and MSC. Alternative 1 shows adaptation in the BSS. Alternative 2 shows adaptation in the MSC. Alternative 3 shows adaptation in the MSC using GSM 06-series channels. + +Figure 10: Location of transcoding and rate adaptation + +![Diagram showing two data flow paths for Alternative 4 between MS, BSS, and MSC. The top path shows Data -> FEC -> RA1'/RA1 -> 8 or 16kbit/s intermediate rates multiplexed/demultiplexed (at BSS) -> 8 or 16kbit/s intermediate rates multiplexed/demultiplexed (at MSC). The bottom path shows Data -> FEC -> S/C with RA1'/RA1 -> RA1'' (at MSC).](9e8ebf03cae78f4f81b697548c2d7250_img.jpg) + +MS +BSS +MSC + +RADIO I/F +BSS-MSC LINK +BSS-MSC I/F + +**ALTERNATIVE 4** + +``` + +Scenario 1 (Top): +[MS] Data --- (dashed line) ---> [FEC] --- (solid line) ---> [RA1' | RA1] + | + V +[BSS] ---------------------------------------------------- [8 or 16kbit/s intermediate rates multiplexed/demultiplexed] + | + V +[MSC] ---------------------------------------------------- [8 or 16kbit/s intermediate rates multiplexed/demultiplexed] + +Scenario 2 (Bottom): +[MS] Data --- (dashed line) ---> [FEC] --- (solid line) ---> [S/C over RA1'/RA1] + | + V +[MSC] ---------------------------------------------------- [RA1''] + +``` + +Diagram showing two data flow paths for Alternative 4 between MS, BSS, and MSC. The top path shows Data -> FEC -> RA1'/RA1 -> 8 or 16kbit/s intermediate rates multiplexed/demultiplexed (at BSS) -> 8 or 16kbit/s intermediate rates multiplexed/demultiplexed (at MSC). The bottom path shows Data -> FEC -> S/C with RA1'/RA1 -> RA1'' (at MSC). + +**Figure 10 (continued): Location of transcoding and rate adaptation** + +![Diagram showing three alternatives (1b, 2b, 3b) for the location of transcoding and rate adaptation between MS, BSS, and MSC.](2cf3896394a2342a2b46c504ab9a8830_img.jpg) + +``` + + graph TD + subgraph MS + MS_Data[Data] + end + subgraph BSS + subgraph "RADIO I/F" + end + subgraph "BSS-MSC LINK" + end + subgraph "BSS-MSC I/F" + end + end + subgraph MSC + end + + %% Alternative 1b + A1_FEC[FEC] -- RA1'/RAA' --- A1_RAA[RAA'] + A1_RAA --- A1_RA2[RA2] + + %% Alternative 2b + A2_FEC[FEC] --- A2_RA1[RA1'/RAA'] + A2_RA1 --- A2_RAA[RAA'] + A2_RAA --- A2_RA2[RA2] + + %% Alternative 3b + A3_FEC[FEC] -- RA1'/RAA' --- A3_MPX1[MPX] + A3_MPX1 -- "n x 8/16 kbit/s" --- A3_MPX2[MPX] + A3_MPX2 -- RAA' --- A3_RA2[RA2] + +``` + +The diagram illustrates three alternatives for the location of transcoding and rate adaptation (RA) components in a mobile network architecture involving MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base Station System), and MSC (Mobile Switching Center). + +**ALTERNATIVE 1b:** The RA components (RA1', RAA', RAA', RA2) and FEC are located within the BSS. Data flows from the MS through the RADIO I/F, then through the FEC, RA1', RAA', RAA', and RA2 within the BSS, and finally through the BSS-MSC LINK to the MSC. + +**ALTERNATIVE 2b:** The RA components (RA1', RAA', RAA', RA2) and FEC are located within the BSS. Data flows from the MS through the RADIO I/F, then through the FEC, and then across the BSS-MSC LINK to the RA1', RAA', RAA', and RA2 components located near the MSC side of the BSS-MSC LINK. + +**ALTERNATIVE 3b:** The RA components (RA1', RAA', RAA', RA2) and FEC are located within the BSS. Data flows from the MS through the RADIO I/F, then through the FEC, RA1', and RAA' within the BSS. The data then passes through the BSS-MSC LINK (labeled $n \times 8/16$ kbit/s) to an MPX component, which is connected to the RAA' and RA2 components located near the MSC side of the BSS-MSC LINK. + +Diagram showing three alternatives (1b, 2b, 3b) for the location of transcoding and rate adaptation between MS, BSS, and MSC. + +Figure 10 (concluded): Location of transcoding and rate adaptation + +![Diagram showing data flow across MS, BSS, and MSC interfaces. In the top path, 'Data' enters an FEC block in the MS, moves to RA1' and RAA' blocks, then crosses the BSS-MSC LINK to an RAA' block in the BSS, which connects to a '16kbit/s intermediate rates multiplexed/demultiplexed' block. This then crosses the BSS-MSC I/F to another identical 16kbit/s block in the MSC. The bottom path shows 'Data' entering an FEC block in the MS, connecting to an S/C block containing RA1' and RA1, with the path continuing towards the BSS.](7ed5d5770331f31ade15439a21c31425_img.jpg) + +| Legend to Figure 10 | | +|---------------------|----------------------------| +| GSC | = GSM Speech Codec | +| FEC | = Forward Error Correction | +| MPX | = Multiplex/Demultiplex | + +MS +BSS +MSC + +RADIO I/F +BSS-MSC LINK +BSS-MSC I/F + +**ALTERNATIVE 4b** + +Data +FEC +RA1' +RAA' +RAA' +16kbit/s intermediate rates multiplexed/demultiplexed +16kbit/s intermediate rates multiplexed/demultiplexed + +Data +FEC +S/C +RA1' RA1 + +Diagram showing data flow across MS, BSS, and MSC interfaces. In the top path, 'Data' enters an FEC block in the MS, moves to RA1' and RAA' blocks, then crosses the BSS-MSC LINK to an RAA' block in the BSS, which connects to a '16kbit/s intermediate rates multiplexed/demultiplexed' block. This then crosses the BSS-MSC I/F to another identical 16kbit/s block in the MSC. The bottom path shows 'Data' entering an FEC block in the MS, connecting to an S/C block containing RA1' and RA1, with the path continuing towards the BSS. + +**Figure 10 (concluded): Location of transcoding and rate adaptation** + +# Annex C (informative): Change History + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|--------|-----------|------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| - | S16 | | A001 | 2 | Data Compression | | 5.0.0 | +| - | S16 | | A002 | | Editorial correction to Channel Mode Modify | | 5.0.0 | +| - | s21 | | A003 | | V.120 Interworking and RDI | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| - | s21 | | A004 | | HSCSD | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| - | s22 | | A005 | | Introduction of 14.4 kbit/s | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| - | s23 | | A006 | | Editorial modifications | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| - | s24 | | A007 | | Removal of 2*14.4=19.2 Transparent configuration | 5.3.0 | 5.4.0 | +| - | s27 | | A008 | | Clarification of RA0 adaptation function | 5.4.0 | 7.0.0 | +| - | s27 | | A009 | | Information transfer protocol model updates | 5.4.0 | 7.0.0 | +| - | s29 | | A010 | | Introduction of EDGE channel codings into the specifications | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 12-1999 | TSG#06 | | A011 | | Service Clean up R99 | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| 09-2000 | TSG#09 | NP-000551 | A012 | | 32 kbit/s UDI/RDI multimedia in GSM | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| 12-2000 | TSG#10 | NP-000604 | A013 | | TCH/F32.0 reference models | 8.2.0 | 8.3.0 | +| 12-2000 | TSG#10 | NP-000606 | A014 | | Removal of BS 30 NT | 8.3.0 | 4.0.0 | +| 03-2001 | TSG#11 | NP-010047 | 001 | | Removal of the S-reference point in MS | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | +| 03-2001 | TSG#11 | NP-010047 | 002 | | Addition changes for removal BS30NT of BS30 NT and packet access | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | +| 03-2001 | TSG#11 | NP-010046 | 003 | | Removal of FAX NT in GSM from Rel-4 | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | +| 03-2001 | TSG#11 | NP-010047 | 004 | | Removal of speech model | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | +| 03-2002 | TSG#15 | NP-010085 | 005 | 1 | Terminology Clarifications as requested by TSG GERAN | 4.1.0 | 5.0.0 | +| 09-2002 | TSG#17 | NP-020405 | 006 | 1 | Correction of Rate Adaptation Functions and removal of S Reference Point in MS | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| 12-2002 | TSG#18 | NP-020617 | 007 | 1 | CS Data Services (including HSCSD and EDGE) for GERAN lu mode | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| 12-2004 | CN#26 | | | | Upgraded to v6.0.0 | 5.2.0 | 6.0.0 | +| 06-2007 | CT#36 | | | | Upgraded to v7.0.0 | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| 12-2008 | CT#42 | | | | Upgraded to v8.0.0 | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 12-2009 | CT#46 | | | | Automatic upgrade from previous Release | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 03-2011 | CT#51 | | | | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 9.0.0 | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 03-2011 | CT#51 | | | | Correction of heading and numbering made by MCC | 10.0.0 | 10.0.1 | +| 09-2012 | CT#57 | | | | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 10.0.1 | 10.0.1 | 11.0.0 | +| 09-2014 | - | - | - 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@@ -0,0 +1,4728 @@ + + + + +**Error:** + +**2** + +**Error: Reference source not** + +# Contents + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword..... | 8 | +| 0 Scope..... | 9 | +| 0.1 References..... | 9 | +| 0.2 Abbreviations..... | 10 | +| 1 General..... | 10 | +| 2 Subscriber identity confidentiality..... | 11 | +| 2.1 Generality..... | 11 | +| 2.2 Identifying method..... | 11 | +| 2.3 Procedures..... | 11 | +| 2.3.1 Location updating in the same MSC area..... | 11 | +| 2.3.2 Location updating in a new MSCs area, within the same VLR area..... | 12 | +| 2.3.3 Location updating in a new VLR; old VLR reachable..... | 13 | +| 2.3.4 Location Updating in a new VLR; old VLR not reachable..... | 14 | +| 2.3.5 Reallocation of a new TMSI..... | 15 | +| 2.3.6 Local TMSI unknown..... | 16 | +| 2.3.7 Location updating in a new VLR in case of a loss of information..... | 17 | +| 2.3.8 Unsuccessful TMSI allocation..... | 17 | +| 2.3.9 Combined location area updating with the routing area updating..... | 18 | +| 3 Subscriber identity authentication..... | 19 | +| 3.1 Generality..... | 19 | +| 3.2 The authentication procedure..... | 19 | +| 3.3 Subscriber Authentication Key management..... | 20 | +| 3.3.1 General authentication procedure..... | 20 | +| 3.3.2 Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI..... | 21 | +| 3.3.3 Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using IMSI..... | 22 | +| 3.3.4 Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI, TMSI unknown in "old" VLR..... | 23 | +| 3.3.5 Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI, old VLR not reachable..... | 24 | +| 3.3.6 Authentication with IMSI if authentication with TMSI fails..... | 24 | +| 3.3.7 Re-use of security related information in failure situations..... | 24 | +| 4 Confidentiality of signalling information elements, connectionless data and user information elements on physical connections..... | 25 | +| 4.1 Generality..... | 25 | +| 4.2 The ciphering method..... | 26 | +| 4.3 Key setting..... | 26 | +| 4.4 Ciphering key sequence number..... | 27 | +| 4.5 Starting of the ciphering and deciphering processes..... | 27 | +| 4.6 Synchronization..... | 28 | +| 4.7 Handover..... | 28 | +| 4.8 Negotiation of A5 algorithm..... | 28 | +| 4.9 Support of A5 Algorithms in MS..... | 29 | +| 5 Synthetic summary..... | 29 | +| Annex A (informative): Security issues related to signalling schemes and key management..... | 30 | +| A.1 Introduction..... | 30 | +| A.2 Short description of the schemes..... | 30 | +| A.3 List of abbreviations..... | 31 | +| Annex B (informative): Security information to be stored in the entities of the GSM system..... | 45 | +| B.1 Introduction..... | 45 | +| B.2 Entities and security information..... | 45 | +| B.2.1 Home Location Register (HLR)..... | 45 | +| B.2.2 Visitor Location Register (VLR)..... | 45 | + +| | | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| B.2.3 | Mobile services Switching Centre (MSC)/Base Station System (BSS)..... | 45 | +| B.2.4 | Mobile Station (MS)..... | 46 | +| B.2.5 | Authentication Centre (AuC)..... | 46 | + +# **Annex C (normative): External specifications of security related algorithms.....47** + +| | | | +|---------|---------------------------------------------------|----| +| C.0 | Scope..... | 47 | +| C.1 | Specifications for Algorithm A5..... | 47 | +| C.1.1 | Purpose..... | 47 | +| C.1.2 | Implementation indications..... | 47 | +| C.1.3 | External specifications of Algorithm A5..... | 49 | +| C.1.3.1 | A5 algorithms with 64-bit keys..... | 49 | +| C.1.3.2 | A5 algorithms with 128-bit keys..... | 49 | +| C.1.4 | Internal specification of Algorithm A5..... | 49 | +| C.1.5 | Definition of NPBB for different modulations..... | 49 | +| C.2 | Algorithm A3..... | 49 | +| C.2.1 | Purpose..... | 50 | +| C.2.2 | Implementation and operational requirements..... | 50 | +| C.3 | Algorithm A8..... | 50 | +| C.3.1 | Purpose..... | 50 | +| C.3.2 | Implementation and operational requirements..... | 50 | + +# **Annex D (normative): Security related network functions for General Packet Radio Service.....51** + +| | | | +|---------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| D.1 | General..... | 51 | +| D.2 | Subscriber identity confidentiality..... | 51 | +| D.2.1 | Generality..... | 51 | +| D.2.2 | Identifying method..... | 52 | +| D.2.3 | Procedures..... | 52 | +| D.2.3.1 | Routing area updating in the same SGSN area..... | 52 | +| D.2.3.2 | Routing area updating in a new SGSN; old SGSN reachable..... | 53 | +| D.2.3.3 | Routing area updating in a new SGSN; old SGSN not reachable..... | 54 | +| D.2.3.4 | Reallocation of a TLLI..... | 54 | +| D.2.3.5 | Local TLLI unknown..... | 55 | +| D.2.3.6 | Routing area updating in a new SGSN in case of a loss of information..... | 56 | +| D.2.3.7 | Unsuccessful TLLI allocation..... | 56 | +| D.3 | Subscriber identity authentication..... | 57 | +| D.3.1 | Generality..... | 57 | +| D.3.2 | The authentication procedure..... | 57 | +| D.3.3 | Subscriber Authentication Key management..... | 57 | +| D.3.3.1 | General authentication procedure..... | 57 | +| D.3.3.2 | Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI..... | 58 | +| D.3.3.3 | Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using IMSI..... | 59 | +| D.3.3.4 | Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI, TLLI unknown in 'old' SGSN..... | 60 | +| D.3.3.5 | Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI, old SGSN not reachable..... | 61 | +| D.3.3.6 | Authentication with IMSI if authentication with TLLI fails..... | 61 | +| D.3.3.7 | Re-use of security related information in failure situations..... | 61 | +| D.4 | Confidentiality of user information and signalling between MS and SGSN..... | 62 | +| D.4.1 | Generality..... | 62 | +| D.4.2 | The ciphering method..... | 62 | +| D.4.3 | Key setting..... | 62 | +| D.4.4 | Ciphering key sequence number..... | 63 | +| D.4.5 | Starting of the ciphering and deciphering processes..... | 63 | +| D.4.6 | Synchronisation..... | 64 | +| D.4.7 | Inter SGSN routing area update..... | 64 | +| D.4.8 | Negotiation of GPRS-A5 algorithm..... | 64 | +| D.4.9 | Support of GPRS-A5 Algorithms in MS..... | 65 | + +| | | | +|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| D.5 | Synthetic summary..... | 66 | +| D.6 | Security of the GPRS backbone..... | 66 | +| Annex E (normative): | GSM Cordless Telephony System (CTS), (Phase 1); Security related network functions; Stage 2..... | 67 | +| E.1 | Introduction..... | 67 | +| E.1.1 | Scope..... | 67 | +| E.1.2 | References..... | 67 | +| E.1.3 | Definitions and Abbreviations..... | 67 | +| E.1.3.1 | Definitions..... | 67 | +| E.1.3.2 | Abbreviations..... | 68 | +| E.2 | General..... | 69 | +| E.3 | CTS local security system..... | 70 | +| E.3.1 | Mobile Subscriber identity confidentiality..... | 70 | +| E.3.1.1 | Identifying method..... | 70 | +| E.3.1.2 | Procedures..... | 70 | +| E.3.1.2.1 | CTSMSI assignment..... | 70 | +| E.3.1.2.2 | CTSMSI update..... | 71 | +| E.3.1.2.3 | CTS local identification..... | 71 | +| E.3.2 | Identity authentication..... | 71 | +| E.3.2.1 | The mutual authentication procedure..... | 71 | +| E.3.2.1.1 | Authentication failure..... | 72 | +| E.3.2.2 | Authentication Key management..... | 72 | +| E.3.3 | Confidentiality of user information and signalling between CTS-MS and CTS-FP..... | 73 | +| E.3.3.1 | The ciphering method..... | 73 | +| E.3.3.2 | Key setting..... | 73 | +| E.3.3.3 | Starting of the ciphering and deciphering processes..... | 74 | +| E.3.3.4 | Synchronisation..... | 75 | +| E.3.4 | Structured procedures with CTS local security relevance..... | 75 | +| E.3.4.1 | Local Part of the Enrolment of a CTS-MS onto a CTS-FP..... | 75 | +| E.3.4.1.1 | Local part of the enrolment procedure..... | 75 | +| E.3.4.2 | General Access procedure..... | 78 | +| E.3.4.2.1 | Attachment..... | 78 | +| E.3.4.2.2 | CTS local security data update..... | 79 | +| E.3.4.3 | De-enrolment of a CTS-MS..... | 79 | +| E.3.4.3.1 | De-enrolment initiated by the CTS-FP..... | 79 | +| E.3.4.3.2 | De-enrolment initiated by a CTS-MS..... | 79 | +| E.4 | CTS supervising security system..... | 80 | +| E.4.1 | Supervision data and supervision data protection..... | 80 | +| E.4.1.1 | Structure of supervision data..... | 80 | +| E.4.1.2 | Supervision data protection..... | 80 | +| E.4.1.3 | Key management..... | 81 | +| E.4.2 | CTS subscriber identity..... | 81 | +| E.4.3 | Identity authentication with the CTS operator and the PLMN..... | 81 | +| E.4.3.1 | Authentication of the CTS-FP..... | 81 | +| E.4.3.2 | Authentication of the CTS-MS..... | 82 | +| E.4.4 | Secure operation control..... | 83 | +| E.4.4.1 | GSM layer 3 signalling..... | 83 | +| E.4.4.2 | CTS application signalling via the Fixed Network..... | 83 | +| E.4.4.3 | CTS operation control procedures..... | 84 | +| E.4.4.3.1 | Initialisation of a CTS-FP..... | 84 | +| E.4.4.3.2 | De-initialisation of a CTS-FP..... | 84 | +| E.4.4.3.3 | Enrolment..... | 85 | +| E.4.4.3.3.1 | Enrolment conducted via the CTS fixed network interface..... | 85 | +| E.4.4.3.4 | Supervising security in the CTS-FP/CTS-SN access procedure..... | 86 | +| E.4.4.3.4.1 | Update of operation data..... | 86 | +| E.4.5 | Equipment checking..... | 87 | +| E.4.6 | FP-SIM card checking..... | 87 | + +| | | | +|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| E.5 | Other CTS security features..... | 88 | +| E.5.1 | Secure storage of sensitive data and software in the CTS-MS..... | 88 | +| E.5.1.1 | Inside CTS-ME..... | 88 | +| E.5.2 | Secure storage of sensitive data and software in CTS-FP..... | 88 | +| E.5.3 | CTS-FP reprogramming protection..... | 88 | +| E.6 | FP Integrity..... | 88 | +| E.6.1 | Threats..... | 89 | +| E.6.1.1 | Changing of FP software..... | 89 | +| E.6.1.2 | Changing of IFPEI..... | 90 | +| E.6.1.3 | Changing of IFPSI and operator and subscription related keys ( $K_{i_{FP}}$ , $K_{op}$ )..... | 90 | +| E.6.1.4 | Changing of timers and timer limits..... | 90 | +| E.6.1.5 | Changing of radio usage parameters..... | 90 | +| E.6.2 | Protection and storage mechanisms..... | 90 | +| E.6.2.1 | Static or semi static values..... | 90 | +| E.6.2.2 | Timers..... | 90 | +| E.6.2.3 | Physical protection..... | 90 | +| E.7 | Type approval issues..... | 90 | +| E.8 | Security information to be stored in the entities of the CTS..... | 91 | +| E.8.1 | Entities and security information..... | 91 | +| E.8.1.1 | CTS-HLR..... | 91 | +| E.8.1.2 | CTS-SN..... | 91 | +| E.8.1.3 | CTS-AuC..... | 91 | +| E.8.1.4 | CTS Fixed Part Equipment (CTS-FPE)..... | 92 | +| E.8.1.5 | Fixed Part SIM card (FP-SIM)..... | 92 | +| E.8.1.6 | CTS Mobile Equipment (CTS-ME)..... | 92 | +| E.8.1.7 | Mobile Station SIM card (MS-SIM)..... | 92 | +| E.9 | External specification of security related algorithms..... | 93 | +| E.9.1 | Algorithm B1..... | 93 | +| E.9.1.1 | Purpose..... | 93 | +| E.9.1.2 | Implementation and operational requirements..... | 94 | +| E.9.2 | Algorithm B2..... | 94 | +| E.9.2.1 | Purpose..... | 94 | +| E.9.2.2 | Implementation and operational requirements..... | 94 | +| E.9.3 | Algorithms B3 and B4..... | 95 | +| E.9.3.1 | Purpose..... | 95 | +| E.9.3.2 | Implementation and operational requirements..... | 95 | +| E.9.4 | Algorithms B5 and B6..... | 95 | +| E.9.4.1 | Purpose..... | 95 | +| E.9.4.2 | Implementation and operational requirements..... | 95 | +| E.10 | Coding of the FPAC and CTS-PIN..... | 96 | +| E.11 | (informative annex): Guidelines for generation of random numbers..... | 96 | +| Annex F (normative): | Ciphering of Voice Group Call Service (VGCS) and Voice Broadcast Service (VBS)..... | 97 | +| F.1 | Introduction..... | 97 | +| F.1.1 | Scope..... | 97 | +| F.1.2 | References..... | 97 | +| F.1.3 | Definitions and Abbreviations..... | 98 | +| F.1.3.1 | Definitions..... | 98 | +| F.1.3.2 | Abbreviations..... | 98 | +| F.2 | Security Requirements..... | 98 | +| F.3 | Storage of the Master Group Keys and overview of flows..... | 99 | +| F.3.1 | Distribution of ciphering data during establishment of a voice/broadcast group call..... | 99 | +| F.3.2 | Signalling information required for the voice group call uplink access in the anchor MSC (normal case, subsequent talker on dedicated channel)..... | 102 | + +F.3.3 Signalling information required to transfer the originator or subsequent talker from a dedicated channel to a group call channel..... 104 + +F.4 Key derivation..... 104 + +F.4.1 Key derivation within the USIM / GCR..... 105 + +F.4.2 Key derivation within the ME/BSS..... 106 + +F.4.3 Encryption algorithm selection..... 107 + +F.4.4 Algorithm requirements..... 107 + +F.4.4.1 A8\_V..... 107 + +F.4.4.2 KMF..... 107 + +F.5 Encryption of voice group calls..... 108 + +F.6 Specification of the Key Modification Function (KMF)..... 108 + +**Annex G (informative): Generation of VSTK\_RAND..... 109** + +Annex H (informative): Change History..... 110 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 0 Scope + +This Technical Specification specifies the network functions needed to provide the security related service and functions specified in 3GPP TS 42.009. + +This specification does not address the cryptological algorithms that are needed to provide different security related features. This topic is addressed in annex C. Wherever a cryptological algorithm or mechanism is needed, this is signalled with a reference to annex C. The references refers only to functionalities, and some algorithms may be identical or use common hardware. + +## 0.1 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TS 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 41.061: " GPRS ciphering algorithm requirements". +- [3] Void +- [4] 3GPP TS 42.009: " Security aspects". +- [5] 3GPP TS 42.017: " Subscriber Identity Modules (SIM) Functional characteristics". +- [6] 3GPP TS 42.056: " GSM Cordless Telephone System (CTS) Phase 1; Service Description; Stage 1". +- [7] 3GPP TS 22.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 1". +- [8] 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". +- [9] GSM 03.56: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); GSM Cordless Telephone System (CTS), Phase 1; CTS Architecture Description; Stage 2". +- [10] 3GPP TS 23.060: " Service description; Stage 2". +- [11] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification". +- [12] Void +- [13] 3GPP TS 45.001: "Physical layer on the radio path; General description". +- [14] 3GPP TS 45.002: "Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path". +- [15] 3GPP TS 45.003: "Channel coding". +- [16] 3GPP TS 29.002: " Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification". +- [17] 3GPP TS 51.011: " Specification of the Subscriber Identity Module- Mobile Equipment (SIM-ME) interface". +- [18] 3GPP TS 33.102: "Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; 3G Security; Security architecture ". + +## 0.2 Abbreviations + +Abbreviations used in this specification are listed in 3GPP TS 21.905. + +Specific abbreviations used in annex A are listed in clause A.3. + +Specific CTS related abbreviations used in annex E are listed in clause E.1.3. + +Specific VCGS and VBS related abbreviations used in annex F are listed in clause F.1.3. + +Throughout this specification, the abbreviation $Kc_{128}$ is used to indicate a 128-bit ciphering key as derived by UMTS AKA [18]. The abbreviation $Kc_{128}$ is only used where it matters that the ciphering key is 128 bits long; the abbreviation $Kc$ is used in all other places. + +# --- 1 General + +The different security related services and functions that are listed in 3GPP TS 42.009 are grouped as follows: + +- Subscriber identity confidentiality; +- Subscriber identity authentication; +- Signalling information element and connectionless user data confidentiality and data confidentiality for physical connections (ciphering). + +It shall be possible to introduce new authentication and ciphering algorithms during the systems lifetime. The fixed network may support more than one authentication and ciphering algorithm. + +The security procedures include mechanisms to enable recovery in event of signalling failures. These recovery procedures are designed to minimize the risk of a breach in the security of the system. + +General on figures in this specification: + +- In the figures below, signalling exchanges are referred to by functional names. The exact messages and message types are specified in 3GPP TS 24.008 and 3GPP TS 29.002. +- No assumptions are made for function splitting between MSC (Mobile Switching Centre), VLR (Visitor Location Register) and BSS (Base Station System). Signalling is described directly between MS and the local network (i.e. BSS, MSC and VLR denoted in the figures by BSS/MSC/VLR). The splitting in annex A is given only for illustrative purposes. +- Addressing fields are not given; all information relates to the signalling layer. The TMSI allows addressing schemes without IMSI, but the actual implementation is specified in the GSM 04-series. +- The term HPLMN in the figures below is used as a general term which should be understood as HLR (Home Location Register) or AuC (Authentication Centre). +- What is put in a box is not part of the described procedure but it is relevant to the understanding of the figure. + +# --- 2 Subscriber identity confidentiality + +## 2.1 Generality + +The purpose of this function is to avoid the possibility for an intruder to identify which subscriber is using a given resource on the radio path (e.g. TCH (Traffic Channel) or signalling resources) by listening to the signalling exchanges on the radio path. This allows both a high level of confidentiality for user data and signalling and protection against the tracing of a user's location. + +The provision of this function implies that the IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity), or any information allowing a listener to derive the IMSI easily, should not normally be transmitted in clear text in any signalling message on the radio path. + +Consequently, to obtain the required level of protection, it is necessary that: + +- a protected identifying method is normally used instead of the IMSI on the radio path; and +- the IMSI is not normally used as addressing means on the radio path (see 3GPP TS 42.009); +- when the signalling procedures permit it, signalling information elements that convey information about the mobile subscriber identity must be ciphered for transmission on the radio path. + +The identifying method is specified in the following subclause. The ciphering of communication over the radio path is specified in clause 4. + +## 2.2 Identifying method + +The means used to identify a mobile subscriber on the radio path consists of a TMSI (Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity). This TMSI is a local number, having a meaning only in a given location area; the TMSI must be accompanied by the LAI (Location Area Identification) to avoid ambiguities. The maximum length and guidance for defining the format of a TMSI are specified in 3GPP TS 23.003. + +The network (e.g. a VLR) manages suitable data bases to keep the relation between TMSIs and IMSIs. When a TMSI is received with an LAI that does not correspond to the current VLR, the IMSI of the MS must be requested from the VLR in charge of the indicated location area if its address is known; otherwise the IMSI is requested from the MS. + +A new TMSI must be allocated at least in each location updating procedure. The allocation of a new TMSI corresponds implicitly for the MS to the de-allocation of the previous one. In the fixed part of the network, the cancellation of the record for an MS in a VLR implies the de-allocation of the corresponding TMSI. + +To cope with some malfunctioning, e.g. arising from a software failure, the fixed part of the network can require the identification of the MS in clear. This procedure is a breach in the provision of the service, and should be used only when necessary. + +When a new TMSI is allocated to an MS, it is transmitted to the MS in a ciphered mode. This ciphered mode is the same as defined in clause 4. + +The MS must store its current TMSI in a non volatile memory, together with the LAI, so that these data are not lost when the MS is switched off. + +## 2.3 Procedures + +This subclause presents the procedures, or elements of procedures, pertaining to the management of TMSIs. + +### 2.3.1 Location updating in the same MSC area + +This procedure is part of the location updating procedure which takes place when the original location area and the new location area depend on the same MSC. The part of this procedure relative to TMSI management is reduced to a TMSI re-allocation (from TMSIo with "o" for "old" to TMSIn with "n" for "new"). + +The MS sends TMSIo as an identifying field at the beginning of the location updating procedure. + +The procedure is schematized in figure 2.1. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 2.1: Location updating in the same MSC area. The diagram shows three participants: MS, Radio path, and BSS/MSC/VLR. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS sends LAI, TMSIo to BSS/MSC/VLR. 2. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4)'. 3. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'Allocation of TMSIn'. 4. BSS/MSC/VLR sends 'Cipher(TMSIn)' to MS. 5. MS sends 'Acknowledge' to BSS/MSC/VLR. 6. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'De-allocation of TMSIo'.](27b06ec9f42b5d727a2630f61a5f1861_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant RP as Radio path + participant BSS as BSS/MSC/VLR + MS->>BSS: LAI, TMSIo + Note over MS, BSS: Management of means for new ciphering +(see clause 4) + Note right of BSS: Allocation +of TMSIn + BSS->>MS: Cipher(TMSIn) + MS->>BSS: Acknowledge + Note right of BSS: De-allocation +of TMSIo + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 2.1: Location updating in the same MSC area. The diagram shows three participants: MS, Radio path, and BSS/MSC/VLR. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS sends LAI, TMSIo to BSS/MSC/VLR. 2. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4)'. 3. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'Allocation of TMSIn'. 4. BSS/MSC/VLR sends 'Cipher(TMSIn)' to MS. 5. MS sends 'Acknowledge' to BSS/MSC/VLR. 6. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'De-allocation of TMSIo'. + +**Figure 2.1: Location updating in the same MSC area** + +Signalling Functionalities: + +Management of means for new ciphering: + +The MS and BSS/MSC/VLR agree on means for ciphering signalling information elements, in particular to transmit TMSIn. + +### 2.3.2 Location updating in a new MSCs area, within the same VLR area + +This procedure is part of the location updating procedure which takes place when the original location area and the new location area depend on different MSCs, but on the same VLR. + +The procedure is schematized on figure 2.2. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 2.2: Location updating in a new MSCs area, within the same VLR area. The diagram shows four participants: MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLR, and HPLMN. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS sends LAI, TMSIo to BSS/MSC/VLR. 2. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4)'. 3. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'allocation of TMSIn'. 4. BSS/MSC/VLR sends 'Cipher(TMSIn) (note)' to MS. 5. BSS/MSC/VLR sends 'Loc.Updating (note)' to HPLMN. 6. MS sends 'Acknowledge (note)' to BSS/MSC/VLR. 7. HPLMN sends 'Acknowledge (note)' to BSS/MSC/VLR. 8. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'De-allocation of TMSIo'.](63e0c22852c26699d0bd095a2d796bab_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant RP as Radio path + participant BSS as BSS/MSC/VLR + participant HPLMN + MS->>BSS: LAI, TMSIo + Note over MS, BSS: Management of means for new +ciphering (see clause 4) + Note right of BSS: allocation +of TMSIn + par + BSS->>MS: Cipher(TMSIn) (note) + and + BSS->>HPLMN: Loc.Updating (note) + end + par + MS->>BSS: Acknowledge (note) + and + HPLMN->>BSS: Acknowledge (note) + end + Note right of BSS: De-allocation +of TMSIo + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 2.2: Location updating in a new MSCs area, within the same VLR area. The diagram shows four participants: MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLR, and HPLMN. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS sends LAI, TMSIo to BSS/MSC/VLR. 2. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4)'. 3. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'allocation of TMSIn'. 4. BSS/MSC/VLR sends 'Cipher(TMSIn) (note)' to MS. 5. BSS/MSC/VLR sends 'Loc.Updating (note)' to HPLMN. 6. MS sends 'Acknowledge (note)' to BSS/MSC/VLR. 7. HPLMN sends 'Acknowledge (note)' to BSS/MSC/VLR. 8. BSS/MSC/VLR performs 'De-allocation of TMSIo'. + +NOTE: From a security point of view, the order of the procedures is irrelevant. + +**Figure 2.2: Location updating in a new MSCs area, within the same VLR area** + +Signalling functionalities: + +Loc.Updating: + +stands for Location Updating + +The BSS/MSC/VLR indicates that the location of the MS must be updated. + +### 2.3.3 Location updating in a new VLR; old VLR reachable + +This procedure is part of the normal location updating procedure, using TMSI and LAI, when the original location area and the new location area depend on different VLRs. + +The MS is still registered in VLRO ("o" for old or original) and requests registration in VLRn ("n" for new). LAI and TMSIo are sent by MS as identifying fields during the location updating procedure. + +The procedure is schematized in figure 2.3. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 2.3: Location updating in a new VLR; old VLR reachable. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRO, and HPLMN. The MS sends LAI and TMSIo to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends TMSIo to the MSC/VLRO. The MSC/VLRO sends IMSI and Sec.Rel.Inf to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn performs 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4)' and 'Allocation of TMSIn'. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends 'Cipher(TMSIn) (note)' to the MS and 'Loc.Updating (note)' to the HPLMN. The MS sends 'Acknowledge (note)' to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The HPLMN sends 'Cancellation' to the MSC/VLRO. The MSC/VLRO performs 'De-allocation of TMSIo'.](5a9282ac54ca7bc50f1d2ab6cfb376ba_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLRn + participant MSC/VLRO + participant HPLMN + + Note left of BSS/MSC/VLRn: Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4) + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: LAI, TMSIo + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MSC/VLRO: TMSIo + MSC/VLRO-->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: IMSI + MSC/VLRO-->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: Sec.Rel.Inf + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: Allocation of TMSIn + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MS: Cipher(TMSIn) (note) + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>HPLMN: Loc.Updating (note) + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: Acknowledge (note) + HPLMN->>MSC/VLRO: Cancellation + Note right of MSC/VLRO: De-allocation of TMSIo + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 2.3: Location updating in a new VLR; old VLR reachable. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRO, and HPLMN. The MS sends LAI and TMSIo to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends TMSIo to the MSC/VLRO. The MSC/VLRO sends IMSI and Sec.Rel.Inf to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn performs 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4)' and 'Allocation of TMSIn'. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends 'Cipher(TMSIn) (note)' to the MS and 'Loc.Updating (note)' to the HPLMN. The MS sends 'Acknowledge (note)' to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The HPLMN sends 'Cancellation' to the MSC/VLRO. The MSC/VLRO performs 'De-allocation of TMSIo'. + +NOTE: From a security point of view, the order of the procedures is irrelevant. + +**Figure 2.3: Location updating in a new VLR; old VLR reachable** + +Signalling functionalities: + +Sec.Rel.Info.: + +Stands for Security Related information + +The MSC/VLRn needs some information for authentication and ciphering; this information is obtained from MSC/VLRO. + +Cancellation: + +The HLR indicates to VLRO that the MS is now under control of another VLR. The "old" TMSI is free for allocation. + +### 2.3.4 Location Updating in a new VLR; old VLR not reachable + +This variant of the procedure in subclause 2.3.3 arises when the VLR receiving the LAI and TMSIo cannot identify the VLRO. In that case the relation between TMSIo and IMSI is lost, and the identification of the MS in clear is necessary. + +The procedure is schematized in figure 2.4 + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 2.4: Location Updating in a new VLR; old VLR not reachable. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRo, and HPLMN. The MS sends LAI, TMSIo to BSS/MSC/VLRn. BSS/MSC/VLRn checks for old VLR and finds it not reachable. BSS/MSC/VLRn sends Identity Request to MS. MS responds with IMSI. BSS/MSC/VLRn then performs Management of means for new ciphering. It then allocates a new TMSIn (TMSIn). BSS/MSC/VLRn sends Cipher(TMSIn) to MS. MS responds with Acknowledge. BSS/MSC/VLRn then sends Location Updating to HPLMN. HPLMN responds with Acknowledge. BSS/MSC/VLRn then sends Cancellation to HPLMN. Finally, BSS/MSC/VLRn performs De-allocation of TMSIo.](1b5a812c8aa20fd5cba28e97001d32de_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLRn + participant MSC/VLRo + participant HPLMN + + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: old VLR not reachable + + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: LAI, TMSIo + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MS: Identity Request + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: IMSI + + Note over BSS/MSC/VLRn, HPLMN: Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4) + + Note over BSS/MSC/VLRn, HPLMN: Allocation of TMSIn + + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MS: Cipher(TMSIn) (note) + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: Acknowledge (note) + + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>HPLMN: Location Updating (note) + HPLMN->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: Acknowledge (note) + + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>HPLMN: Cancellation + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: De-allocation of TMSIo + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 2.4: Location Updating in a new VLR; old VLR not reachable. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRo, and HPLMN. The MS sends LAI, TMSIo to BSS/MSC/VLRn. BSS/MSC/VLRn checks for old VLR and finds it not reachable. BSS/MSC/VLRn sends Identity Request to MS. MS responds with IMSI. BSS/MSC/VLRn then performs Management of means for new ciphering. It then allocates a new TMSIn (TMSIn). BSS/MSC/VLRn sends Cipher(TMSIn) to MS. MS responds with Acknowledge. BSS/MSC/VLRn then sends Location Updating to HPLMN. HPLMN responds with Acknowledge. BSS/MSC/VLRn then sends Cancellation to HPLMN. Finally, BSS/MSC/VLRn performs De-allocation of TMSIo. + +NOTE: From a security point of view, the order of the procedures is irrelevant. + +**Figure 2.4: Location Updating in a new VLR; old VLR not reachable** + +### 2.3.5 Reallocation of a new TMSI + +This function can be initiated by the network whenever a radio connection exists. The procedure can be included in other procedures, e.g. through the means of optional parameters. The execution of this function is left to the network operator. + +When a new TMSI is allocated to an MS the network must prevent the old TMSI from being allocated again until the MS has acknowledged the allocation of the new TMSI. + +If an IMSI record is deleted in the VLR by O&M action, the network must prevent any TMSI associated with the deleted IMSI record from being allocated again until a new TMSI is successfully allocated to that IMSI. + +If an IMSI record is deleted in the HLR by O&M action, it is not possible to prevent any TMSI associated with the IMSI record from being allocated again. However, if the MS whose IMSI record was deleted should attempt to access the network using the TMSI after the TMSI has been allocated to a different IMSI, then authentication or ciphering of the MS whose IMSI was deleted will almost certainly fail, which will cause the TMSI to be deleted from the MS. + +The case where allocation of a new TMSI is unsuccessful is described in subclause 2.3.8. + +This procedure is schematized in figure 2.5. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 2.5: Reallocation of a new TMSI. Lifelines: MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLR. The BSS/MSC/VLR performs an 'Allocation of TMSIn', then sends a 'Cipher(TMSIn)' message to the MS via the Radio path. The MS responds with an 'Acknowledge' message. Finally, the BSS/MSC/VLR performs a 'De-allocation of TMSIo'.](7efae06af3af43ffe5d4b956a679cf54_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLR + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLR: Allocation of TMSIn + BSS/MSC/VLR->>MS: Cipher(TMSIn) + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLR: Acknowledge + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLR: De-allocation of TMSIo +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 2.5: Reallocation of a new TMSI. Lifelines: MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLR. The BSS/MSC/VLR performs an 'Allocation of TMSIn', then sends a 'Cipher(TMSIn)' message to the MS via the Radio path. The MS responds with an 'Acknowledge' message. Finally, the BSS/MSC/VLR performs a 'De-allocation of TMSIo'. + +**Figure 2.5: Reallocation of a new TMSI** + +### 2.3.6 Local TMSI unknown + +This procedure is a variant of the procedure described in subclauses 2.3.1 and 2.3.2, and happens when a data loss has occurred in a VLR and when a MS uses an unknown TMSI, e.g. for a communication request or for a location updating request in a location area managed by the same VLR. + +This procedure is schematized in figure 2.6. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 2.6: Location updating in the same MSC area; local TMSI unknown. Lifelines: MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLR, HPLMN. The MS sends a 'TMSIo (note)' to the BSS/MSC/VLR. The BSS/MSC/VLR determines 'TMSIo is unknown' and sends an 'Identity Request' to the MS via the Radio path. The MS responds with 'IMSI'. A 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4)' occurs between the BSS/MSC/VLR and HPLMN. The BSS/MSC/VLR then performs an 'Allocation of TMSIn', sends a 'Cipher(TMSIn)' message to the MS via the Radio path, and receives an 'Acknowledge' message.](c67d21fb3d9042e88cdc669f071b4e7c_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLR + participant HPLMN + Note left of BSS/MSC/VLR: TMSIo (note) + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLR: TMSIo (note) + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLR: TMSIo is unknown + BSS/MSC/VLR->>MS: Identity Request + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLR: IMSI + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLR: Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4) + BSS/MSC/VLR->>HPLMN: Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4) + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLR: Allocation of TMSIn + BSS/MSC/VLR->>MS: Cipher(TMSIn) + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLR: Acknowledge +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 2.6: Location updating in the same MSC area; local TMSI unknown. Lifelines: MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLR, HPLMN. The MS sends a 'TMSIo (note)' to the BSS/MSC/VLR. The BSS/MSC/VLR determines 'TMSIo is unknown' and sends an 'Identity Request' to the MS via the Radio path. The MS responds with 'IMSI'. A 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause 4)' occurs between the BSS/MSC/VLR and HPLMN. The BSS/MSC/VLR then performs an 'Allocation of TMSIn', sends a 'Cipher(TMSIn)' message to the MS via the Radio path, and receives an 'Acknowledge' message. + +NOTE: Any message in which TMSIo is used as an identifying means in a location area managed by the same VLR. + +**Figure 2.6: Location updating in the same MSC area; local TMSI unknown** + +### 2.3.7 Location updating in a new VLR in case of a loss of information + +This variant of the procedure described in 2.3.3 arises when the VLR in charge of the MS has suffered a loss of data. In that case the relation between TMSIo and IMSI is lost, and the identification of the MS in clear is necessary. + +The procedure is schematized in figure 2.7. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 2.7: Location updating in a new VLR in case of a loss of information. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRo, and HPLMN. The process involves identity request, IMSI response, management of means for new ciphering, allocation of new TMSI, and subsequent acknowledgment and cancellation.](41a438d7e4adc17c3a4005e7c9500091_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLRn + participant MSC/VLRo + participant HPLMN + + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: Management of means for new +ciphering (see clause 4) + + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: Allocation of TMSIn + + Note right of MSC/VLRo: De-allocation of TMSIo + + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: LAI, TMSIo + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MSC/VLRo: TMSIo + MSC/VLRo-->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: Unknown + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MS: Identity Request + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: IMSI + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: Management of means for new +ciphering (see clause 4) + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: Allocation of TMSIn + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MS: Cipher(TMSIn) (note) + MSC/VLRo->>HPLMN: Location Updating (note) + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: Acknowledge (note) + MSC/VLRo->>HPLMN: Acknowledge (note) + MSC/VLRo->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: Cancellation + Note right of MSC/VLRo: De-allocation of TMSIo + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 2.7: Location updating in a new VLR in case of a loss of information. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRo, and HPLMN. The process involves identity request, IMSI response, management of means for new ciphering, allocation of new TMSI, and subsequent acknowledgment and cancellation. + +NOTE: From a security point of view, the order of the procedures is irrelevant. + +**Figure 2.7: Location updating in a new VLR in case of a loss of information** + +### 2.3.8 Unsuccessful TMSI allocation + +If the MS does not acknowledge the allocation of a new TMSI, the network shall maintain the association between the old TMSI and the IMSI and between the new TMSI and the IMSI. + +For an MS-originated transaction, the network shall allow the MS to identify itself by either the old TMSI or the new TMSI. This will allow the network to determine the TMSI stored in the MS; the association between the other TMSI and the IMSI shall then be deleted, to allow the unused TMSI to be allocated to another MS. + +For a network-originated transaction, the network shall identify the MS by its IMSI. When radio contact has been established, the network shall instruct the MS to delete any stored TMSI. When the MS has acknowledged this instruction, the network shall delete the association between the IMSI of the MS and any TMSI; this will allow the released TMSIs to be allocated to another MS. + +In either of the cases above, the network may initiate the normal TMSI reallocation procedure. + +Repeated failure of TMSI reallocation (passing a limit set by the operator) may be reported for O&M action. + +### 2.3.9 Combined location area updating with the routing area updating + +**This subclause is only applicable if GPRS is supported.** + +This procedure is part of the location updating of a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) class A or B mobile when the Gs-interface (SGSN MSC/VLR signalling interface) is implemented. This procedure is not relevant if the Gs-interface is not implemented. + +The location area updating procedure and the routing area updating procedure are combined to one MS Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) procedure. The MS includes a Location Area Update (LAU) indication in the Routing Area Update Request message. The SGSN performs the location updating towards the VLR on behalf of the MS. + +The procedure described in figure 2.8 shows only the interaction between the SGSN and the VLR. The full procedure including the update to other network element (e.g. HLR, old MSC/VLR) is described in 3GPP TS 23.060. + +![Sequence diagram of combined routing area and location updating in the same VLR. Lifelines: MS, BSS, SGSN, VLR. The process involves: 1. MS sends RAI, TLLI, LAU indication to SGSN. 2. SGSN sends IMSI, LAI to VLR. 3. VLR performs allocation of TMSIn and sends TMSIn back to SGSN. 4. SGSN sends Cipher(TMSIn) to MS. 5. MS sends Acknowledge to SGSN. 6. SGSN sends Acknowledge to VLR. 7. VLR performs deallocation of TMSIo.](43837b056625d3d6ce615e4c02f163bb_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS + participant SGSN + participant VLR + Note right of SGSN: Security functions + MS->>SGSN: RAI, TLLI, LAU indication (note 1) + SGSN->>VLR: IMSI, LAI (note 2) + Note right of VLR: Allocation of TMSIn + VLR->>SGSN: TMSIn (note 3) + SGSN->>MS: Cipher(TMSIn) (note 4) + MS->>SGSN: Acknowledge (note 5) + SGSN->>VLR: Acknowledge (note 6) + Note right of VLR: Deallocation of TMSIo + +``` + +Sequence diagram of combined routing area and location updating in the same VLR. Lifelines: MS, BSS, SGSN, VLR. The process involves: 1. MS sends RAI, TLLI, LAU indication to SGSN. 2. SGSN sends IMSI, LAI to VLR. 3. VLR performs allocation of TMSIn and sends TMSIn back to SGSN. 4. SGSN sends Cipher(TMSIn) to MS. 5. MS sends Acknowledge to SGSN. 6. SGSN sends Acknowledge to VLR. 7. VLR performs deallocation of TMSIo. + +NOTE 1: The Routeing Area Update Request message including the old Routing Area Identifier (RAI), the Temporary Logical Link Identifier (TLLI), and an indication that a combined Location Area Update (LAU) is performed. + +NOTE 2: Location Updating message. + +NOTE 3: Location Updating Accept message including the new TMSI. + +NOTE 4: Routing Area Update Accept message including the new TMSI and the new TLLI (if any). + +NOTE 5: Routing Area Update Complete message including the TLLI and TMSI. + +NOTE 6: TMSI Reallocation Complete message including the TMSI. + +**Figure 2.8: Combined routing area and location updating in the same VLR** + +When the VLR does not change the TMSI, the old TMSI will stay in use and there is no need to send any TMSI to the MS. + +In case of combined routing area update and inter-VLR location area updating procedure, the old TMSI will be cancelled and the HLR is updated as described in 3GPP TS 23.060. + +If the Location Updating message indicates a reject (if for example the MS try to enter a forbidden location area), then this should be indicated to the MS and the MS shall not access non-GPRS service until a successful Location Update is performed. + +For the combined location and routing area update and the combined GPRS Attach and IMSI Attach for GPRS class A and B mobiles, the authentication is performed by the SGSN. The authentication procedure for GPRS is described in annex D. The MSC/VLR relies on the SGSN authentication. This authentication procedure generates no ciphering key for circuit switched ciphering. + +The ciphering key for circuit switched operation is allocated through an authentication by MSC/VLR when the circuit switched service is requested. Also, the MSC/VLR may use the old ciphering key if existing. + +# 3 Subscriber identity authentication + +## 3.1 Generality + +The definition and operational requirements of subscriber identity authentication are given in 3GPP TS 42.009. + +The authentication procedure will also be used to set the ciphering key (see clause 4). Therefore, it is performed after the subscriber identity (TMSI/IMSI) is known by the network and before the channel is encrypted. + +Two network functions are necessary: the authentication procedure itself, and the key management inside the fixed subsystem. + +## 3.2 The authentication procedure + +The authentication procedure consists of the following exchange between the fixed subsystem and the MS. + +- The fixed subsystem transmits a non-predictable number RAND to the MS. +- The MS computes the signature of RAND, say SRES, using algorithm A3 and some secret information: the Individual Subscriber Authentication Key, denoted below by Ki. +- The MS transmits the signature SRES to the fixed subsystem. +- The fixed subsystem tests SRES for validity. + +The general procedure is schematized in figure 3.1. + +![Diagram of the authentication procedure showing the exchange between the MS, Radio path, and Network side.](dc23d430e878eb71b8cd589984113940_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the authentication procedure across three vertical columns: MS, Radio path, and Network side. + +- MS:** Contains a box labeled **A3**. It receives **RAND** from the Network side via the Radio path and sends **SRES** back to the Network side via the Radio path. It also has a **Ki** input to the **A3** box. +- Radio path:** Acts as a conduit for **RAND** and **SRES** messages between the MS and the Network side. +- Network side:** Contains a box labeled **A3** and an equality box labeled **=**. It sends **RAND** to the MS via the Radio path. It receives **IMSI (note)** and **Ki** as inputs to its **A3** box. The output of its **A3** box is compared with the received **SRES** in the equality box (**=**), which produces a **yes/no** result. + +Diagram of the authentication procedure showing the exchange between the MS, Radio path, and Network side. + +NOTE: IMSI is used to retrieve Ki in the network. + +**Figure 3.1: The authentication procedure** + +Authentication algorithm A3 is specified in annex C. + +## 3.3 Subscriber Authentication Key management + +The Subscriber Authentication Key $K_i$ is allocated, together with the IMSI, at subscription time. + +$K_i$ is stored on the network side in the Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN), in an Authentication Centre (AuC). A PLMN may contain one or more AuC. An AuC can be physically integrated with other functions, e.g. in a Home Location Register (HLR). + +### 3.3.1 General authentication procedure + +When needed for each MS, the BSS/MSC/VLR requests security related information from the HLR/AuC corresponding to the MS. This includes an array of pairs of corresponding RAND and SRES. These pairs are obtained by applying Algorithm A3 to each RAND and the key $K_i$ as shown in figure 3.1. The pairs are stored in the VLR as part of the security related information. + +The procedure used for updating the vectors RAND/SRES is schematized in figure 3.2. + +NOTE: The Authentication Vector Response contains also $K_c(1..n)$ which is not shown in this and the following figures. For discussion of $K_c$ see clause 4. + +![Sequence diagram showing the procedure for updating RAND/SRES vectors between BSS/MSC/VLR and HLR/AuC.](327ba94498e3381cf08eb41e3fd3d77f_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant BSS/MSC/VLR + participant HLR/AuC + Note right of HLR/AuC: generate RAND(1..n) + Note right of HLR/AuC: Ki + Note right of HLR/AuC: A3 + BSS/MSC/VLR->>HLR/AuC: Security Related Information Request + HLR/AuC-->>BSS/MSC/VLR: Authentication Vector Response + Note left of BSS/MSC/VLR: (SRES(1..n), RAND(1..n)) + Note left of BSS/MSC/VLR: Store RAND/SRES vectors +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction between the BSS/MSC/VLR and the HLR/AuC for updating RAND/SRES vectors. The BSS/MSC/VLR sends a 'Security Related Information Request' to the HLR/AuC. The HLR/AuC then generates a set of random numbers 'RAND(1..n)' using the algorithm 'A3' and the key ' $K_i$ '. It responds with an 'Authentication Vector Response' containing the pairs '(SRES(1..n), RAND(1..n))'. Finally, the BSS/MSC/VLR stores these vectors in a 'Store RAND/SRES vectors' block. + +Sequence diagram showing the procedure for updating RAND/SRES vectors between BSS/MSC/VLR and HLR/AuC. + +Figure 3.2: Procedure for updating the vectors RAND/SRES + +When an MSC/VLR performs an authentication, including the case of a location updating within the same VLR area, it chooses a RAND value in the array corresponding to the MS. It then tests the answer from the MS by comparing it with the corresponding SRES, as schematized in figure 3.3. + +![Figure 3.3: General authentication procedure. This sequence diagram shows the interaction between a Mobile Station (MS), a Radio path, and a Base Station/Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register (BSS/MSC/VLR). The MS sends a response to the BSS/MSC/VLR via the Radio path. The BSS/MSC/VLR sends a RAND(j) value to the MS. The MS uses the RAND(j) value and its Ki key to generate an SRES(j) value using the A3 algorithm. The MS then sends the SRES(j) value back to the BSS/MSC/VLR. The BSS/MSC/VLR compares the received SRES(j) value with the stored SRES(j) value to determine if the authentication is successful (yes/no).](523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLR + Note left of MS: Ki + BSS/MSC/VLR->>MS: RAND(j) + Note left of MS: RAND(j) + Note left of MS: A3 + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLR: SRES(j) + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLR: SRES(j) + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLR: = + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLR: yes/no + +``` + +Figure 3.3: General authentication procedure. This sequence diagram shows the interaction between a Mobile Station (MS), a Radio path, and a Base Station/Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register (BSS/MSC/VLR). The MS sends a response to the BSS/MSC/VLR via the Radio path. The BSS/MSC/VLR sends a RAND(j) value to the MS. The MS uses the RAND(j) value and its Ki key to generate an SRES(j) value using the A3 algorithm. The MS then sends the SRES(j) value back to the BSS/MSC/VLR. The BSS/MSC/VLR compares the received SRES(j) value with the stored SRES(j) value to determine if the authentication is successful (yes/no). + +Figure 3.3: General authentication procedure + +### 3.3.2 Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI + +During location updating in a new VLR (VLRn), the procedure to get pairs for subsequent authentication may differ from that described in the previous subclause. In the case when identification is done using TMSI, pairs for authentication as part of security related information are given by the old VLR (VLRO). The old VLR shall send to the new VLR only those pairs which have not been used. + +The procedure is schematized in figure 3.4. + +![Figure 3.4: Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI. This sequence diagram shows the interaction between a Mobile Station (MS), a Radio path, a Base Station/Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register (BSS/MSC/VLRn), a Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register (MSC/VLRo), and a Home PLMN (HPLMN). The MS sends LAI and TMSIo to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends TMSIo to the MSC/VLRo. The MSC/VLRo sends IMSI, RAND(1..n), and SRES(1..n) to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends RAND to the MS. The MS uses the RAND value and its Ki key to generate an SRES value using the A3 algorithm. The MS then sends the SRES value to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn compares the received SRES value with the stored SRES values to determine if the authentication is successful (yes/no). If successful, the BSS/MSC/VLRn sends a Location Updating message to the HPLMN.](a51105b2031bad93b818b82f071c6add_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLRn + participant MSC/VLRo + participant HPLMN + Note left of MS: Ki + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: LAI, TMSIo + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MSC/VLRo: TMSIo + MSC/VLRo->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: IMSI, RAND(1..n), SRES(1..n) + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MS: RAND + Note left of MS: RAND + Note left of MS: A3 + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: SRES + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: = + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: yes/no + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: Location Updating + +``` + +Figure 3.4: Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI. This sequence diagram shows the interaction between a Mobile Station (MS), a Radio path, a Base Station/Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register (BSS/MSC/VLRn), a Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register (MSC/VLRo), and a Home PLMN (HPLMN). The MS sends LAI and TMSIo to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends TMSIo to the MSC/VLRo. The MSC/VLRo sends IMSI, RAND(1..n), and SRES(1..n) to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends RAND to the MS. The MS uses the RAND value and its Ki key to generate an SRES value using the A3 algorithm. The MS then sends the SRES value to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn compares the received SRES value with the stored SRES values to determine if the authentication is successful (yes/no). If successful, the BSS/MSC/VLRn sends a Location Updating message to the HPLMN. + +Figure 3.4: Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI + +### 3.3.3 Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using IMSI + +When the IMSI is used for identification, or more generally when the old VLR is not reachable, the procedure described in subclause 3.3.2 cannot be used. Instead, pairs of RAND/SRES contained in the security related information are requested directly from the HPLMN. + +The procedure is schematized in figure 3.5. + +![Sequence diagram showing authentication at location updating in a new VLR using IMSI. Lifelines: MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, HPLMN. The MS sends an IMSI to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends a 'Sec. Rel. Info Req.' to the HPLMN. The HPLMN responds with RAND(1..n) and SRES(1..n). The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends the RAND to the MS via the Radio path. The MS uses K1 and A3 to calculate a response and sends the SRES back to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn compares the received SRES with the expected SRES (indicated by '=') and sends a 'yes/no' response to the HPLMN. Finally, the BSS/MSC/VLRn initiates 'Location Updating'.](4cc7cdce3d498d8b0ba033a9be24ade5_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLRn + participant HPLMN + + Note left of MS: K1 + Note left of MS: A3 + + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: IMSI + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>HPLMN: Sec. Rel. Info Req. + HPLMN-->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: RAND(1..n) + HPLMN-->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: SRES(1..n) + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>Radio path: RAND + Radio path->>MS: RAND + Note left of MS: V V + Note left of MS: A3 + Note left of MS: SRES + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: SRES + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: = + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: yes/no + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>HPLMN: yes/no + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: Location Updating +``` + +Sequence diagram showing authentication at location updating in a new VLR using IMSI. Lifelines: MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, HPLMN. The MS sends an IMSI to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends a 'Sec. Rel. Info Req.' to the HPLMN. The HPLMN responds with RAND(1..n) and SRES(1..n). The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends the RAND to the MS via the Radio path. The MS uses K1 and A3 to calculate a response and sends the SRES back to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn compares the received SRES with the expected SRES (indicated by '=') and sends a 'yes/no' response to the HPLMN. Finally, the BSS/MSC/VLRn initiates 'Location Updating'. + +Figure 3.5: Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using IMSI + +### 3.3.4 Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI, TMSI unknown in "old" VLR + +This case is an abnormal one, when a data loss has occurred in the "old" VLR. + +The procedure is schematized in figure 3.6. + +![Sequence diagram showing authentication at location updating in a new VLR. Lifelines: MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRo, HPLMN. The process involves Identity Request, IMSI, Sec. Rel. Info Req., RAND, SRES, and a comparison step leading to Location Updating.](5793a44ffdadd039928e2f9fe6daae06_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLRn + participant MSC/VLRo + participant HPLMN + + Note left of MS: KI + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: LAI, TMSIo + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MSC/VLRo: TMSIo + MSC/VLRo-->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: Unknown + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MS: Identity Request + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: IMSI + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>HPLMN: Sec. Rel. Info Req. + HPLMN-->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: RAND(1..n) SRES(1..n) + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MS: RAND + Note left of MS: A3 + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: SRES + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: = + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: yes/no + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>HPLMN: Location Updating +``` + +Sequence diagram showing authentication at location updating in a new VLR. Lifelines: MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRo, HPLMN. The process involves Identity Request, IMSI, Sec. Rel. Info Req., RAND, SRES, and a comparison step leading to Location Updating. + +Figure 3.6: Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI, TMSI unknown in "old" VLR + +### 3.3.5 Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI, old VLR not reachable + +The case occurs when an old VLR cannot be reached by the new VLR. + +The procedure is schematized in figure 3.7 + +![Sequence diagram for authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI, old VLR not reachable. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRo, and HPLMN. The MS sends LAI, TMSIo to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn checks the old VLR (MSC/VLRo) but finds it unreachable. It then sends an Identity Request to the MS. The MS responds with IMSI. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends a Sec. Rel. Info Req. to the HPLMN. The HPLMN responds with RAND(1..n) and SRES(1..n). The BSS/MSC/VLRn uses Ki to generate A3 and SRES. The MS sends SRES. The BSS/MSC/VLRn compares the received SRES with the generated SRES. If they match (yes), the location updating proceeds. If they don't match (no), the process fails.](ab846b81e78dbc8da2a6f9511e2f248a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLRn + participant MSC/VLRo + participant HPLMN + + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: VLR not reachable + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: LAI, TMSIo + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MS: Identity Request + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: IMSI + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>HPLMN: Sec. Rel. Info Req. + HPLMN->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: RAND(1..n) SRES(1..n) + Note left of MS: Ki + BSS/MSC/VLRn->>MS: RAND + Note left of MS: A3 + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLRn: SRES + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: = + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: yes/no + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLRn: Location Updating + +``` + +Sequence diagram for authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI, old VLR not reachable. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRo, and HPLMN. The MS sends LAI, TMSIo to the BSS/MSC/VLRn. The BSS/MSC/VLRn checks the old VLR (MSC/VLRo) but finds it unreachable. It then sends an Identity Request to the MS. The MS responds with IMSI. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends a Sec. Rel. Info Req. to the HPLMN. The HPLMN responds with RAND(1..n) and SRES(1..n). The BSS/MSC/VLRn uses Ki to generate A3 and SRES. The MS sends SRES. The BSS/MSC/VLRn compares the received SRES with the generated SRES. If they match (yes), the location updating proceeds. If they don't match (no), the process fails. + +Figure 3.7: Authentication at location updating in a new VLR, using TMSI, old VLR not reachable + +### 3.3.6 Authentication with IMSI if authentication with TMSI fails + +If authentication of an MS which identifies itself with a TMSI is unsuccessful, the network requests the IMSI from the MS, and repeats the authentication using the IMSI. Optionally, if authentication using the TMSI fails the network may reject the access request or location registration request which triggered the authentication. + +### 3.3.7 Re-use of security related information in failure situations + +Security related information consisting of sets of RAND, SRES and Kc is stored in the VLR and in the HLR. + +When a VLR has used a set of security related information to authenticate an MS, it shall delete the set of security related information or mark it as used. When a VLR needs to use security related information, it shall use a set which is not marked as used in preference to a set which is marked as used; if there are no sets which are not marked as used then the VLR shall request fresh security related information from the HLR. If a set of fresh security related information cannot be obtained in this case because of a system failure, the VLR may re-use a set which is marked as used. + +“System failure” in this context means that the VLR was unable to establish contact with the HLR, or the HLR returned a positive acknowledgement containing no sets of security related information, or the HLR returned an error indicating that there was a system failure or that the request was badly formatted. + +If the HLR responds to a request for security related information with an indication that the subscriber is unknown or barred in the HLR, the VLR shall not re-use security information which has been marked as used. + +It is an operator option to define how many times a set of security related information may be re-used in the VLR; when a set of security related information has been re-used as many times as is permitted by the operator, it shall be deleted. + +If a VLR successfully requests security related information from the HLR, it shall discard any security related information which is marked as used in the VLR. + +If a VLR receives from another VLR a request for security related information, it shall send only the sets which are not marked as used. + +If an HLR receives a request for security related information, it shall send any sets which are not marked as used; those sets shall then be deleted or marked as used. If there are no sets which are not marked as used, the HLR may as an operator option send sets which are marked as used. It is an operator option to define how many times a set of security related information may be re-sent by the HLR; when a set of security related information has been sent as many times as is permitted by the operator, it shall be deleted. + +# --- 4 Confidentiality of signalling information elements, connectionless data and user information elements on physical connections + +## 4.1 Generality + +In 3GPP TS 42.009, some signalling information elements are considered sensitive and must be protected. + +To ensure identity confidentiality (see clause 2), the Temporary Subscriber Identity must be transferred in a protected mode at allocation time and at other times when the signalling procedures permit it. + +The confidentiality of connection less user data requires at least the protection of the message part pertaining to OSI layers 4 and above. + +The user information confidentiality of user information on physical connections concerns the information transmitted on a traffic channel on the MS-BSS interface (e.g. for speech). It is not an end-to-end confidentiality service. + +These needs for a protected mode of transmission are fulfilled with the same mechanism where the confidentiality function is a OSI layer 1 function. The scheme described below assumes that the main part of the signalling information elements is transmitted on DCCH (Dedicated Control Channel), and that the CCCH (Common Control Channel) is only used for the allocation of a DCCH. + +Four points have to be specified: + +- the ciphering method; +- the key setting; +- the starting of the enciphering and deciphering processes; +- the synchronization. + +## 4.2 The ciphering method + +The layer 1 data flow (transmitted on DCCH or TCH) is ciphered by a bit per bit or stream cipher, i.e. the data flow on the radio path is obtained by the bit per bit binary addition of the user data flow and a ciphering bit stream, generated by algorithm A5 using a key determined as specified in subclause 4.3. The key is denoted below by $K_c$ if it is the 64-bit key and $K_{c128}$ if it is the 128-bit key derived as specified in TS 33.102 [19], and is called "Ciphering Key". + +For multislot configurations (e.g. HSCSD) different ciphering bit streams are used on the different timeslots. On timeslot "n" a ciphering bit stream, generated by algorithm A5, using a key $K_{cn}$ is used. $K_{cn}$ is derived from the 64-bit $K_c$ as follows: + +Let BN denote a binary encoding onto 64 bits of the timeslot number "n" (range 0-7). Bit "i" of $K_{cn}$ , $K_{cn}(i)$ , is then calculated as $K_c(i) \text{ xor } (BN \ll 32(i))$ ("xor" indicates: "bit per bit binary addition" and "<<32" indicates: "32 bit circular shift"), the number convention being such that the lsb of $K_c$ is xored with the lsb of the shifted BN. + +Deciphering is performed by exactly the same method. + +For the 128-bit $K_{c128}$ derived according to TS 33.102 [19], the corresponding keys $K_{c128n}$ is used, and $K_{c128n}$ is derived from the 128-bit $K_{c128}$ as follows: + +Let BN denote a binary encoding onto 128 bits of the timeslot number "n" (range 0-7). Bit "i" of $K_{c128n}$ , $K_{c128n}(i)$ , is then calculated as $K_{c128}(i) \text{ xor } (BN \ll 32(i))$ ("xor" indicates: "bit per bit binary addition" and " $\ll 32$ " indicates: "32 bit circular shift"), the number convention being such that the lsb of $K_{c128}$ is xored with the lsb of the shifted BN. + +Algorithm A5 is specified in annex C. + +## 4.3 Key setting + +Mutual key setting is the procedure that allows the mobile station and the network to agree on the key $K_c$ to use in the ciphering and deciphering algorithms A5. + +A key setting is triggered by the authentication procedure. Key setting may be initiated by the network as often as the network operator wishes. + +Key setting must occur on a DCCH not yet encrypted and as soon as the identity of the mobile subscriber (i.e. TMSI or IMSI) is known by the network. + +The transmission of $K_c$ to the MS is indirect and uses the authentication RAND value; $K_c$ is derived from RAND by using algorithm A8 and the Subscriber Authentication key $K_i$ , as defined in annex C. + +As a consequence, the procedures for the management of $K_c$ are the authentication procedures described in subclause 3.3. + +The values $K_c$ are computed together with the SRES values. The security related information (see subclause 3.3.1) consists of RAND, SRES and $K_c$ . + +The key $K_c$ is stored by the mobile station until it is updated at the next authentication. + +Key setting is schematized in figure 4.1. + +![Figure 4.1: Key setting. A sequence diagram showing the interaction between the Mobile Station (MS) and the Network side via the Radio path. The MS sends a TMSI to the Network side. The Network side responds with RAND or IMSI. On the MS side, Ki and RAND are inputs to algorithm A8, which outputs Kc, which is then stored. On the Network side, RAND and Ki are inputs to algorithm A8, which outputs Kc, which is then stored.](ced309874aec0546651b0976d5030a42_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant RP as Radio path + participant NS as Network side + + Note left of MS: Ki, RAND + MS->>NS: TMSI + NS-->>MS: RAND or IMSI + Note right of NS: RAND, Ki + Note left of MS: A8 + Note right of NS: A8 + Note left of MS: Store Kc + Note right of NS: Store Kc + +``` + +Figure 4.1: Key setting. A sequence diagram showing the interaction between the Mobile Station (MS) and the Network side via the Radio path. The MS sends a TMSI to the Network side. The Network side responds with RAND or IMSI. On the MS side, Ki and RAND are inputs to algorithm A8, which outputs Kc, which is then stored. On the Network side, RAND and Ki are inputs to algorithm A8, which outputs Kc, which is then stored. + +Figure 4.1: Key setting + +## 4.4 Ciphering key sequence number + +The ciphering key sequence number is a number which is associated with the ciphering key $K_c$ and they are stored together in the mobile station and in the network. + +However since it is not directly involved in any security mechanism, it is not addressed in this specification but in 3GPP TS 24.008 instead. + +## 4.5 Starting of the ciphering and deciphering processes + +The MS and the BSS must co-ordinate the instants at which the enciphering and deciphering processes start on DCCH and TCH. + +On DCCH, this procedure takes place under the control of the network some time after the completion of the authentication procedure (if any), or after the key $K_c$ has been made available at the BSS. + +No information elements for which protection is needed must be sent before the ciphering and deciphering processes are operating. + +The transition from clear text mode to ciphered mode proceeds as follows: deciphering starts in the BSS, which sends in clear text to the MS a specific message, here called "Start cipher". Both the enciphering and deciphering start on the MS side after the message "Start cipher" has been correctly received by the MS. Finally, enciphering on the BSS side starts as soon as a frame or a message from the MS has been correctly deciphered at the BSS. + +The starting of enciphering and deciphering processes is schematized in figure 4.2. + +![Sequence diagram showing the starting of enciphering and deciphering processes between MS, Radio path, and BSS/MSC/VLR.](bb3354f497635d15bef873577125c48d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Radio path + participant BSS/MSC/VLR + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLR: Start deciphering + BSS/MSC/VLR->>MS: "Start cipher" + Note left of MS: Start deciphering +and +Start enciphering + MS->>BSS/MSC/VLR: any correctly deciphered message + Note right of BSS/MSC/VLR: Start enciphering + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of events for starting ciphering and deciphering. It involves three entities: MS (Mobile Station), Radio path, and BSS/MSC/VLR (Base Station Subsystem/Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register). The process begins with the BSS/MSC/VLR performing "Start deciphering". Then, a "Start cipher" message is sent from the BSS side to the MS. Upon receipt, the MS performs "Start deciphering and Start enciphering". Subsequently, the MS sends "any correctly deciphered message" to the BSS. Finally, the BSS side performs "Start enciphering". + +Sequence diagram showing the starting of enciphering and deciphering processes between MS, Radio path, and BSS/MSC/VLR. + +**Figure 4.2: Starting of the enciphering and deciphering processes** + +When a TCH is allocated for user data transmission, the key used is the one set during the preceding DCCH session (Call Set-up). The enciphering and deciphering processes start immediately. + +## 4.6 Synchronization + +The enciphering stream at one end and the deciphering stream at the other end must be synchronized, for the enciphering bit stream and the deciphering bit streams to coincide. The underlying Synchronization scheme is described in annex C. + +## 4.7 Handover + +When a handover occurs, the necessary information (e.g. key $K_c$ , initialization data) is transmitted within the system infrastructure to enable the communication to proceed from the old BSS to the new one, and the Synchronization procedure is resumed. The key $K_c$ remains unchanged at handover. + +Handover involving both a 64-bit $K_c$ and a 128-bit $K_{c128}$ is slightly more complex. + +- In case of a handover between two BTSes connected to the same BSC, the BSC signals both the selected algorithm and the ciphering key to the target BTS. If the BSC signals the use of a ciphering algorithm requiring a 128-bit ciphering key to the target BTS, the BSC sends $K_{c128}$ to the target BTS. If only a 64-bit $K_c$ is in the BSS, no ciphering algorithm (e.g., A5/4) requiring a 128-bit ciphering key shall be signalled from BSC to the target BTS. + +- In case of a handover between two BSSes connected to the same MSC/VLR, the MSC/VLR signals the allowed ciphering algorithms to the target BSC. If one of the allowed ciphering algorithms requires a 64-bit ciphering key, the MSC/VLR shall send the 64-bit $K_c$ to the target BSS. Additionally, if one of the allowed ciphering algorithms requires a 128-bit ciphering key, the MSC/VLR shall also send the 128-bit $K_{c128}$ to the target BSC. + +target BSS. If an MSC/VLR supporting $Kc_{128}$ could only obtain a 64-bit $Kc$ for the MS, the MSC/VLR shall not include any ciphering algorithm (e.g., A5/4) requiring a 128-bit ciphering key in the allowed ciphering algorithms list. If the target BSC signals the use of a ciphering algorithm requiring a 128-bit ciphering key to the target BTS, the BSC sends $Kc_{128}$ to the target BTS. + +- In case of a handover between two BSSes connected to different MSC/VLRs, the initial MSC/VLR shall send the allowed ciphering algorithms to the target MSC/VLR. If one of the allowed ciphering algorithms requires a 64-bit ciphering key, the initial MSC/VLR shall also send a 64-bit ciphering key to target MSC/VLR. . If one of the allowed ciphering algorithms requires a 128-bit ciphering key, the initial MSC/VLR shall also calculate the 128-bit ciphering key $Kc_{128}$ from the CK/IK as described in Annex B.5 of TS 33.102 [18], and shall send it to the target MSC. If the initial MSC/VLR can only obtain a 64-bit ciphering key for the MS, the anchor MSC/VLR shall not include any ciphering algorithm requiring a 128-bit ciphering key in the allowed algorithms list. The target MSC shall send the 64-bit $Kc$ and/or the 128-bit $Kc_{128}$ , as received from the initial MSC/VLR, to the target BSS. If the target BSC signals the use of a ciphering algorithm requiring a 128-bit ciphering key to the BTS, the BSC sends $Kc_{128}$ to the target BTS. + +## 4.8 Negotiation of A5 algorithm + +Not more than seven versions of the A5 algorithm will be defined. + +When an MS wishes to establish a connection with the network, the MS shall indicate to the network which of the seven versions of the A5 algorithm it supports. The network shall not provide service to an MS which indicates that it does not support the ciphering algorithm A5/1. + +The network shall compare its ciphering capabilities and preferences, and any special requirements of the subscription of the MS, with those indicated by the MS and act according to the following rules: + +- 1) If the MS and the network have no versions of the A5 algorithm in common and the network is not prepared to use an unciphered connection, then the connection shall be released. +- 2) If the MS and the network have at least one version of the A5 algorithm in common, then the network shall select one of the mutually acceptable versions of the A5 algorithm for use on that connection. +- 3) If the MS and the network have no versions of the A5 algorithm in common and the network is willing to use an unciphered connection, then an unciphered connection shall be used. + +Since the use of 128-bit ciphering algorithms (e.g., A5/4) requires that the MS is in UMTS security context, if the MSC/VLR could only obtain a 64-bit $Kc$ for the MS, the MSC/VLR shall not include A5/4 in the permitted GSM ciphering algorithms list when the algorithms are signalled to the BSS. + +## 4.9 Support of A5 Algorithms in MS + +It is mandatory for A5/1, A5/3, A5/4 and non encrypted mode to be implemented in mobile stations. It is prohibited to implement A5/2 in mobile stations. Only A5 algorithms that are included in 3GPP specifications shall be implemented in mobile stations. + +## 4.10 Support of A5 Algorithms in the BSS + +It is mandatory for A5/3 and A5/4 to be implemented in the BSS. + +# 5 Synthetic summary + +Figure 5.1 shows in a synopsis a normal location updating procedure with all elements pertaining to security functions, i.e. to TMSI management, authentication and Kc management. + +![Sequence diagram of the normal location updating procedure involving MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRo, and HPLMN.](759c7d62402f0b4651ddce292be5bdef_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of messages for a normal location updating procedure. The participants are MS (Mobile Station), Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn (Base Station Subsystem/Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register in the home network), MSC/VLRo (MSC/VLR in the visited network), and HPLMN (Home PLMN). The sequence starts with the MS sending LAI and TMSIo to the BSS/MSC/VLRn, followed by a 'Location Updating' message. The BSS/MSC/VLRn then sends TMSIo to the MSC/VLRo. The MSC/VLRo responds with IMSI, RAND(1..n), SRES(1..n), and Kc(1..n). The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends RAND to the MS via the Radio path. The MS uses Ki, V, and V to calculate A3&A8, then SRES, and finally Kc. The BSS/MSC/VLRn compares the received SRES with its own (indicated by '=') and sends a 'yes/no' result. The MSC/VLRo sends 'Location Updating' and 'Acknowledge' to the HPLMN. The BSS/MSC/VLRn sends 'Start ciphering/ack' to the MS. The BSS/MSC/VLRn performs 'Allocation of TMSIn' and sends 'Location Updating Complete' to the MS, followed by 'TMSI acknowledge'. The HPLMN sends 'Cancellation' to the MSC/VLRo, which leads to 'De-allocation of TMSIo'. + +Sequence diagram of the normal location updating procedure involving MS, Radio path, BSS/MSC/VLRn, MSC/VLRo, and HPLMN. + +Figure 5.1: Normal location updating procedure + +# --- Annex A (informative): Security issues related to signalling schemes and key management + +## A.1 Introduction + +The diagrams in this annex indicate the security items related to signalling functions and to some of the key management functions. The purpose of the diagrams is to give a general overview of signalling, both on the radio path and in the fixed network. The diagrams indicate how and where keys are generated, distributed, stored and used. The security functions are split between VLR and BSS/MSC. + +## --- A.2 Short description of the schemes + +### Scheme 1: Location registration + +- no TMSI available. + +The situation occurs where an MS requests registration and for some reason e.g. TMSI is lost or this is the first registration, there is no TMSI available. In this case the IMSI is used for identification. The IMSI is sent in clear text via the radio path as part of the location updating. + +### Scheme 2: Location updating + +- MS registered in VLR; +- TMSI is still available. + +The mobile station stays within the area controlled by the VLR. The mobile station is already registered in this VLR. All information belonging to the mobile station is stored in the VLR, so no connection with the HLR is necessary. Identification is done by the CKSN, LAI and TMSI. For authentication a new set of RAND, SRES and Kc is already available in the VLR. + +### Scheme 3: Location updating + +- MS not yet registered in VLR; +- TMSI is still available. + +The MS has roamed to an area controlled by another VLR. The LAI is used to address the "old" VLR. The TMSI is used for identification. The "old" VLR informs the "new" VLR about this MS. The security related information is sent by the "old" VLR to the "new" VLR. + +### Scheme 4: Location updating + +- MS not yet registered in VLR and no old LAI. + +The VLR cannot identify the VLR where the MS was last registered. Identification is therefore done by using the IMSI. The VLR cannot request authentication information from the previous VLR (LAI not available), so the HLR has to send the authentication information to the VLR. + +### Scheme 5: Call set-up + +- mobile originated; +- early assignment. + +The users of the registered MS wants to set-up a call. Identification is done by using the TMSI. All signalling information elements in all messages on the radio path are encrypted with ciphering key Kc. The PLMN is setting up calls with "early assignment". + +### Scheme 6: Call set-up + +- mobile originated; +- off air call set-up. + +As in scheme 5 the user of the registered MS wants to set-up a call. Identification is done by using the TMSI. All signalling information elements in all messages on the radio path are encrypted with ciphering key Kc after the cipher mode command message. The PLMN is setting up calls with "off air call set-up" + +### Scheme 7: Call set-up + +- mobile terminated; +- early assignment. + +A paging request is sent to the registered MS, addressed by the TMSI. All signalling information elements in all messages on the radio path are encrypted with ciphering key Kc after the cipher mode command message. The PLMN is setting up calls with "early assignment". + +## --- A.3 List of abbreviations + +In addition to the abbreviations listed in 3GPP TS 21.905, the following abbreviations are used in the schemes: + +| | | +|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| A3 | authentication algorithm | +| A5 | signalling data and user data encryption algorithm | +| A8 | ciphering key generating algorithm | +| BSS | Base Station System | +| HLR | Home Location Register | +| IMSI | International Mobile Subscriber Identity | +| Kc | ciphering key (in the schemes below the notation Kc shall be read as Kc or Kc 128 , depending on which ciphering algorithm is applied) | +| Kc[M] | message encrypted with ciphering key Kc | +| Kc[TMSI] | TMSI encrypted with ciphering key Kc | +| Ki | individual subscriber authentication key | +| LAI | Location Area Identity | +| MS | Mobile Station | +| MSC | Mobile services Switching Centre | +| R | Random number (RAND) | +| S | Signed response (SRES) | +| TMSI o/n | Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity old/new | +| VLR o/n | Visitor Location Register old/new | + +### Scheme 1 Location registration + +- no TMSI available + +![Sequence diagram for Scheme 1 Location registration. Lifelines: MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLR, network, HLR, network, AuC. The process involves location update, authentication, and new TMSI generation when no TMSI is available.](3cc095fb84e92690c9d49d3e17c0f1dc_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant radio_path as radio path + participant BSS_MSC as BSS/MSC + participant network1 as network + participant VLR + participant network2 as network + participant HLR + participant network3 as network + participant AuC + + Note left of MS: [Ki, R] --> [A3 + A8] --> [Kc, S] + MS->>BSS_MSC: loc upd req + BSS_MSC->>network1: (keynr, IMSI) + network1->>VLR: update location area + VLR->>network2: (keynr, IMSI) + network2->>HLR: authenticate + HLR->>network2: send param. from HLR (auth. par) + Note right of HLR: IMSI Kc R S +: : : +Kc R S +IMS Kc R S + network2->>network3: (IMSI) + network3->>AuC: auth para req + Note right of AuC: [Ki, R] --> [A3 + A8] --> [Kc, S] + AuC->>network3: auth info prov + network3->>HLR: (IMSI, Kc, R, S) + HLR->>network2: fetch new values for Kc, R, S + network2->>network3: Auth Info Request + network3->>AuC: (IMSI) + network3->>HLR: Auth Info Provision + HLR->>network2: (IMSI, Kc, R, S) + network2->>VLR: (IMSI, Kc, R, S) + Note right of VLR: IMSI Kc R S +: : : +Kc R S +IMS Kc R S +: : : +IMS Kc R S +: : : +(+ keynrs) + VLR->>network1: auth ack + Note right of network1: ? = S + network1->>BSS_MSC: (S) + BSS_MSC->>MS: auth res + Note left of MS: store Kc, keynr + network1->>VLR: forward new TMSI + VLR->>network1: generate TMSI + network1->>BSS_MSC: (TMSIn) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Scheme 1 Location registration. Lifelines: MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLR, network, HLR, network, AuC. The process involves location update, authentication, and new TMSI generation when no TMSI is available. + +Scheme 1 (concluded) + +![Sequence diagram for Scheme 1 (concluded) showing interactions between MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLR, network, HLR, network, and AuC.](9f9386d5b3d6cbeb1ed104a799320ebf_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant radio path + participant BSS/MSC + participant network + participant VLR + participant network + participant HLR + participant network + participant AuC + + Note right of VLR: store TMSI, LAI +keynr + network->>VLR: "start" ciphering + Note right of VLR: (Kc) + network->>BSS/MSC: loc area upd acc + BSS/MSC->>network: ciph mode cmd + Note left of BSS/MSC: store Kc + network->>HLR: loc upd acc + Note right of HLR: (IMSI) + Note left of BSS/MSC: message + Note left of BSS/MSC: Kc M + Note left of BSS/MSC: A5 (encr) + Note left of BSS/MSC: Kc[M] + Note left of BSS/MSC: etc. + BSS/MSC->>radio path: ciph mode com + Note right of BSS/MSC: Kc Kc[M] + Note right of BSS/MSC: A5 (decr) + Note right of BSS/MSC: M + Note right of BSS/MSC: etc. + Note right of radio path: (Kc[M]) + Note right of radio path: loc upd acc + Note right of radio path: (Kc[M, TMSI]) + Note right of radio path: TMSI real com + Note right of radio path: (Kc[M]) + MS->>radio path: store TMSI, LAI + network->>VLR: TMSI ack + Note right of VLR: TMSI IMSI Kc R S + Note right of VLR: : : : + Note right of VLR: Kc R S + Note right of VLR: TMSI IMSI Kc R S + Note right of VLR: : : : + Note right of VLR: Kc R S + Note right of VLR: (+ keynrs) + network->>HLR: send param from HLR (auth. par) + Note right of HLR: IMSI Kc R S + Note right of HLR: : : : + Note right of HLR: Kc R S + Note right of HLR: IMSI Kc R S + Note right of HLR: : : : + Note right of HLR: (IMSI) + network-->>network: auth. par + Note right of network: (IMSI, Kc, R, S) + +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the final steps of 'Scheme 1'. It begins with the VLR storing TMSI, LAI, and keynr. The network sends a 'start' ciphering message to the VLR, which responds with (Kc). The network then sends a 'loc area upd acc' message to the BSS/MSC. The BSS/MSC sends a 'ciph mode cmd' message to the network, storing Kc. The network sends a 'loc upd acc' message to the HLR, which responds with (IMSI). The BSS/MSC sends a 'message' containing Kc and M to the radio path, which performs A5 (encr) to produce Kc[M]. The BSS/MSC sends a 'ciph mode com' message to the radio path, which performs A5 (decr) to produce M. The network sends a 'TMSI ack' message to the VLR. The VLR stores TMSI, IMSI, Kc, R, and S. The network sends a 'send param from HLR (auth. par)' message to the HLR, which responds with IMSI, Kc, R, and S. The network performs an 'auth. par' operation, resulting in (IMSI, Kc, R, S). + +Sequence diagram for Scheme 1 (concluded) showing interactions between MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLR, network, HLR, network, and AuC. + +### Scheme 2 Location updating + +- MS registered in VLR +- TMSI is still available + +![Sequence diagram for Scheme 2 Location updating. Lifelines: MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLR, network, HLR. The process involves a location update request from MS to BSS/MSC, forwarding to network and VLR, authentication between network and MS, and finally updating the location in HLR and generating a new TMSI in the VLR.](5478f70a6cef3e5672b2b22d28830cfb_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant radio path + participant BSS/MSC + participant network + participant VLR + participant network + participant HLR + + Note left of MS: IMSI, TMSI +Ki, Kc, LAI +keynr + MS->>BSS/MSC: loc upd req + BSS/MSC->>network: (TMSI, LAIo, keynr) + network->>VLR: update location area + VLR->>network: (+ keynrs) + network->>BSS/MSC: authenticate + BSS/MSC->>MS: auth req + Note left of MS: Ki, R +A3 + A8 +Kc, S + MS->>BSS/MSC: auth res + BSS/MSC->>network: (S) + network->>VLR: (S) + Note right of VLR: ? = S + Note right of VLR: generate new TMSI + network->>BSS/MSC: forward new TMSI + BSS/MSC->>MS: (TMSIn) + Note left of MS: store Kc, keynr + network->>HLR: upd loc + HLR->>network: (IMSI, MSRN) + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of messages for Scheme 2 Location updating. It begins with the MS sending a 'loc upd req' to the BSS/MSC. The BSS/MSC forwards this as '(TMSI, LAIo, keynr)' to the network. The network then sends an 'update location area' message to the VLR, which responds with '(+ keynrs)'. Next, the network sends an 'authenticate' message to the BSS/MSC, which in turn sends an 'auth req' to the MS. The MS responds with an 'auth res', which is forwarded as '(S)' through the network to the VLR. The VLR performs a check (indicated by '? = S') and then 'generate new TMSI'. The network then sends a 'forward new TMSI' message to the BSS/MSC, which delivers it to the MS as '(TMSIn)'. Finally, the network sends an 'upd loc' message to the HLR, which responds with '(IMSI, MSRN)'. The MS stores the new 'Kc, keynr'. + +Sequence diagram for Scheme 2 Location updating. Lifelines: MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLR, network, HLR. The process involves a location update request from MS to BSS/MSC, forwarding to network and VLR, authentication between network and MS, and finally updating the location in HLR and generating a new TMSI in the VLR. + +### Scheme 2 (concluded) + +![Sequence diagram for Scheme 2 (concluded) showing interactions between MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLR, network, and HLR.](b51423b6c049f5b5fcde42e50b58f18b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant radio path + participant BSS/MSC + participant network + participant VLR + participant network + participant HLR + + Note right of VLR: store TMSIn, LAI +keynr + + network->>VLR: "start" ciphering + Note right of network: (Kc) + + network->>VLR: loc area upd acc + VLR->>network: (IMSI) + + network->>BSS/MSC: loc upd acc + BSS/MSC->>radio path: ciph mode cmd + + Note left of radio path: Kc, M +A5 (encr) +Kc[M] +etc. + + radio path->>BSS/MSC: ciph mode com +(Kc[M]) + + Note right of BSS/MSC: store Kc + + Note right of BSS/MSC: Kc, Kc[M] +A5 (decr) +M +etc. + + BSS/MSC->>radio path: loc upd acc +(Kc[M], TMSIn]) + + Note left of radio path: store TMSIn, LAI + + radio path->>BSS/MSC: TMSI real com +(Kc[M]) + + BSS/MSC->>network: TMSI ack + + network->>VLR: update database + Note right of VLR: remove TMSIo + + Note right of network: send param from HLR (auth. par) +(IMSI) + + Note right of network: auth. par +(IMSI, Kc, R, S) + + Note right of network: fetch new values from AuC + +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the final steps of 'Scheme 2'. It begins with the network sending a 'start' ciphering message to the VLR, which stores the new TMSIn, LAI, and keynr. The network also sends a location area update to the VLR, which responds with the IMSI. The network then sends a location update to the BSS/MSC, which in turn sends a cipher mode command to the radio path. On the MS side, the cipher mode command is processed by the A5 encryption algorithm using Kc and M to produce Kc[M]. The BSS/MSC stores Kc and receives the cipher mode command response (Kc[M]) from the radio path. It then decrypts Kc[M] using the A5 decryption algorithm to get M. The BSS/MSC sends a location update to the radio path, which includes Kc[M] and TMSIn. The MS stores TMSIn and LAI and responds with a TMSI real com message containing Kc[M]. The BSS/MSC sends a TMSI ack to the network. The network updates its database in the VLR, removing the old TMSIo. Finally, the network sends a parameter request to the HLR, which returns authentication parameters (auth. par) including IMSI, Kc, R, and S. The network then fetches new values from the AuC. + +Sequence diagram for Scheme 2 (concluded) showing interactions between MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLR, network, and HLR. + +### Scheme 3 Location updating + +- MS not yet registered in VLR +- TMSI is still available + +![Sequence diagram for Scheme 3 Location updating. Lifelines: MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLRn, network, VLRO, network, HLR. The process involves location update, authentication, and new TMSI generation.](0ee9d674085524d589646a6c3fb21ec3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant radio path + participant BSS/MSC + participant network + participant VLRn + participant network + participant VLRO + participant network + participant HLR + + Note left of MS: IMSI, TMSI, Ki, Kc, LAI, keynr + MS->>BSS/MSC: loc upd req + BSS/MSC->>network: (TMSI, LAIo, keynr) + network->>VLRn: update location area + network->>VLRO: send param from VLR + Note right of VLRO: TMSI IMSI Kc R S +: : : +Kc R S +: : : +TMSI IMSI Kc R S +: : : +(+ keynrs) + VLRO->>network: (TMSI, LAIo) + network->>HLR: IMSI resp + Note right of HLR: IMSI Kc R S +: : : +Kc R S +: : : +IMS Kc R S +: : : + network->>VLRO: (TMSI, IMSI, Kc, R, S) + network->>BSS/MSC: authenticate + BSS/MSC->>radio path: (keynr, R) + Note left of radio path: Ki, R, A3 + A8, Kc, S + radio path->>MS: auth req + network->>VLRn: (keynr, R) + Note right of VLRn: TMSI IMSI Kc R S +: : : +Kc R S +: : : +TMSI IMSI Kc R S +: : : +(+ keynrs) + VLRn->>network: auth ack + Note right of network: ? = <-- S + network->>radio path: (S) + radio path->>MS: auth res + Note left of MS: store Kc, keynr + network->>VLRn: generate new TMSI + network->>BSS/MSC: forward new TMSI + BSS/MSC->>radio path: (TMSIn) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Scheme 3 Location updating. Lifelines: MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLRn, network, VLRO, network, HLR. The process involves location update, authentication, and new TMSI generation. + +### Scheme 3 (concluded) + +![Sequence diagram for Scheme 3 (concluded) showing interactions between MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLRn, network, VLRO, network, and HLR.](1cac1845cf99a3f64ae00cd2bb4f9ed7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant radio path + participant BSS/MSC + participant network + participant VLRn + participant network + participant VLRO + participant network + participant HLR + + Note left of MS: Kc, M, A5 (encr), Kc[M], etc. + Note right of BSS/MSC: store Kc, Kc, Kc[M], A5 (decr), M, etc. + Note right of VLRn: store TMSIn, LAI keynr + Note right of VLRn: remove TMSIo + Note left of MS: store TMSIn, LAI + + network->>VLRO: "start" ciphering + network-->>VLRO: (Kc) + VLRO-->>network: location updating accepted + network-->>VLRO: (IMSI) + VLRO-->>network: cancel location + network-->>VLRO: (IMSI) + VLRO-->>network: update database + network-->>VLRO: loc cancel accepted + VLRO-->>network: (IMSI) + network-->>VLRO: send param from HLR (auth. par) + VLRO-->>network: (IMSI) + network-->>VLRO: auth par + VLRO-->>network: (IMSI, Kc, R, S) + network-->>VLRn: update database + network-->>MS: ciph mode cmd + network-->>MS: loc area upd acc + network-->>MS: (Kc) + MS-->>radio path: ciph mode com + radio path-->>MS: (Kc[M]) + network-->>MS: loc upd acc + MS-->>radio path: (Kc[M, TMSIn]) + network-->>MS: TMSI real com + network-->>MS: (Kc[M]) + network-->>VLRn: TMSI ack + +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the final steps of 'Scheme 3'. It begins with the network sending a 'start' ciphering command and key (Kc) to the VLRO. The VLRO responds with 'location updating accepted' and the IMSI. The network then sends a 'cancel location' request to the VLRO, which returns the IMSI. The VLRO updates its database and sends 'loc cancel accepted' back to the network. The network then sends an authentication parameter from the HLR to the VLRO, which returns the IMSI. The network sends the 'auth par' to the VLRO, which returns the full set of parameters (IMSI, Kc, R, S). The network then sends an 'update database' message to the VLRn. Simultaneously, the network sends 'ciph mode cmd', 'loc area upd acc', and (Kc) to the MS. The MS sends 'ciph mode com' to the radio path, which returns (Kc[M]). The network sends 'loc upd acc' to the MS. The MS sends (Kc[M, TMSIn]) to the radio path. The network sends 'TMSI real com' and (Kc[M]) to the MS. Finally, the network sends a 'TMSI ack' to the VLRn, which then executes 'remove TMSIo'. The MS also executes 'store TMSIn, LAI'. + +Sequence diagram for Scheme 3 (concluded) showing interactions between MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLRn, network, VLRO, network, and HLR. + +### **Scheme 4 Location updating** + +- MS not yet registered in VLR; no old LAI + +![Sequence diagram for Scheme 4 Location updating showing signaling between MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLRn, VLRo, and HLR.](b2f5606b9c7184c1c6070a290080a3e3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant radio path + participant BSS/MSC + participant network_1 as network + participant VLRn + participant network_2 as network + participant VLRo + participant network_3 as network + participant HLR + + Note over MS: IMSI, Ki +Kc + MS->>radio path: loc upd req (keynr, IMSI) + radio path->>BSS/MSC: + BSS/MSC->>network_1: update location area (keynr, IMSI) + network_1->>VLRn: + VLRn->>network_2: + network_2->>VLRo: send param from HLR (auth. par) + VLRo->>network_3: (IMSI) + network_3->>HLR: + Note over HLR: IMSI Kc R S +: : : +Kc R S +IMSI Kc R S +: : : + HLR->>network_3: fetch new values from AuC + network_3->>VLRo: + VLRo->>network_2: auth par + network_2->>VLRn: (IMSI, Kc, R, S) + Note over VLRn: IMSI Kc R S +: : : +Kc R S +IMSI Kc R S +: : : +(+ keynrs) + VLRn->>network_1: authenticate (keynr, R) + network_1->>BSS/MSC: + BSS/MSC->>radio path: + Note over radio path: Ki, R +A3 + A8 +Kc, S + radio path->>MS: auth req (keynr, R) + Note over MS: store Kc, keynr + MS->>radio path: auth res (S) + radio path->>BSS/MSC: + BSS/MSC->>network_1: auth ack (S) + network_1->>VLRn: + Note over VLRn: ? = S + VLRn->>network_2: update location (IMSI, MSRN) + network_2->>VLRo: + VLRo->>network_3: + network_3->>HLR: + VLRn->>network_1: "start" ciphering (Kc) + network_1->>BSS/MSC: + BSS/MSC->>radio path: ciph mode cmd + Note over radio path: Kc, M +A5 (encr) +Kc[M] + radio path->>MS: ciph mode com (Kc[M]) + Note over MS: etc. + VLRn->>network_1: loc area upd acc + network_1->>BSS/MSC: + Note over BSS/MSC: store Kc + BSS/MSC->>radio path: Kc, Kc[M] +A5 (decr) +M + radio path->>MS: loc upd acc (Kc[M]) + Note over MS: etc. + HLR->>network_3: location updating accepted (IMSI) + network_3->>VLRo: + VLRo->>network_2: cancel location (IMSI) + network_2->>VLRn: + VLRn->>network_2: loc cancel accepted (IMSI) + network_2->>VLRo: + VLRo->>network_2: update database + VLRn->>VLRn: update database + VLRo->>network_3: send param from HLR (auth. par) (IMSI) + network_3->>HLR: + HLR->>network_3: fetch new values from AuC + network_3->>VLRo: auth par (IMSI, Kc, R, S) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Scheme 4 Location updating showing signaling between MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLRn, VLRo, and HLR. + +### Scheme 5 Call set-up + +- Mobile originated +- early assignment + +![Sequence diagram for Scheme 5 Call set-up showing interactions between MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLR, network, and HLR.](382a9c9e4816bd229191ab4591424dd8_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the call set-up process for a mobile-originated call with early assignment. The sequence of messages and internal operations is as follows: + +- MS (Mobile Station):** + - Initial state: + +``` +IMSI, TMSI +Ki, Kc, LAI +keynr +``` + - Receives **set-up ind** from radio path. + - Internal calculation: $A3 + A8$ using Ki and R. + - Internal calculation: $Kc$ and $S$ using $A3 + A8$ . + - Internal state: **store Kc, keynr**. + - Internal calculation: $A5$ (encr) using Kc and M. + - Internal calculation: $Kc[M]$ using $A5$ (encr). + - Internal calculation: etc. +- radio path:** + - Relays **set-up ind** (TMSI, keynr) from MS to BSS/MSC. + - Relays **auth req** (keynr, R) from BSS/MSC to MS. + - Relays **auth res** (S) from MS to BSS/MSC. + - Relays **ciph mode cmd** from BSS/MSC to MS. + - Relays **ciph mode com** (Kc[M]) from MS to BSS/MSC. +- BSS/MSC:** + - Receives **set-up ind** from radio path. + - Sends **initiate authentication** (TMSI, keynr) to network. + - Receives **authenticate** (TMSI, keynr, R) from network. + - Sends **auth ack** (S) to network. + - Receives **"start" ciphering** (Kc) from network. + - Internal state: **store Kc**. + - Internal calculation: $A5$ (decr) using Kc and $Kc[M]$ to retrieve M. +- network:** + - Receives **initiate authentication** from BSS/MSC. + - Sends **fetch Kc, R, S** to VLR. + - Receives **authenticate** from VLR. + - Sends **auth ack** to VLR. + - Sends **"start" ciphering** to BSS/MSC. +- VLR:** + - Initial state: + +``` +TMSI IMSI Kc R S +: : : : : +Kc R S +TMSI IMSI Kc R S +: : : : : +(+ keynrs) +``` + - Receives **fetch Kc, R, S** from network. + - Sends **authenticate** to network. + - Receives **auth ack** from network. + - Internal check: $? = S$ . + - Internal state: **store LAI, keynr**. + - Final state: + +``` +TMSI IMSI Kc R S +: : : : : +Kc R S +TMSI IMSI Kc R S +: : : : : +(+ keynrs) +``` +- HLR:** (No active messages shown in this sequence). + +Sequence diagram for Scheme 5 Call set-up showing interactions between MS, radio path, BSS/MSC, network, VLR, network, and HLR. + +### Scheme 5 (concluded) + +![](b58cedaf15ad4f0edee5621820865ccc_img.jpg) + +| MS | radio path | BS/MSC | network | VLR | network | HLR | network | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------|---------| +| | set-up | etc. | send info for o/g call set-up | | send param from HLR (auth. par) | | | +| | (Kc[M,b-nr]) | | | update database | (IMSI) | fetch new values from AuC | | +| | call proc | | info ack for o/g call set-up | | auth. par | | | +| | assign cmd | | | | (IMSI,Kc,R,S) | | | +| | (Kc[M]) | | | | | | | +| $\begin{array}{c} Kc \\ \downarrow \\ \text{A5 (encr)} \\ M \\ \downarrow \\ Kc[M] \\ \downarrow \\ \text{etc.} \end{array}$ | assign com | $\begin{array}{c} Kc[M] \\ \downarrow \\ \text{A5 (decr)} \\ Kc \\ \downarrow \\ M \\ \downarrow \\ \text{etc.} \end{array}$ | | | IAM | | | +| | | | | | ACM | | | +| | alert | | | | ANS | | | +| | connect | | | | | | | +| | connect ack | | | | | | | +| $\begin{array}{c} \text{data} \\ \rightarrow \\ Kc \\ \downarrow \\ \text{A5 encr} \end{array}$ | Kc[data] | $\begin{array}{c} Kc \\ \downarrow \\ \text{A5 decr} \end{array}$ | | | data | | data | +| $\begin{array}{c} \text{data} \\ \leftarrow \\ Kc \\ \downarrow \\ \text{A5 decr} \end{array}$ | Kc[data] | $\begin{array}{c} Kc \\ \downarrow \\ \text{A5 encr} \end{array}$ | | | data | | data | + +### Scheme 6 Call set-up + +- Mobile originated +- Off air call set-up + +![](0b3d9fe35da3ee0c88f1420bb9ed7a03_img.jpg) + +| MS | radio path | BSS/MSC | network | VLR | network | HLR | network | +|------------------------------------|---------------|------------------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-----|---------| +| IMSI, TMSI
Ki, Kc, LAI
keynr | | | | TMSI IMSI Kc R S
: : :
Kc R S
MSI IMSI Kc R S
: : :
(+ keynrs) | | | | +| | set-up ind | | initiate authentication | | | | | +| | (TMSI, keynr) | | | | | | | +| | auth req | | (TMSI, keynr) | fetch Kc, R, S | | | | +| | | | authenticate | | | | | +| Ki
↓
A3 + A8
↓
Kc | (keynr, R) | | | | | | | +| | | | (TMSI, R, keynr) | | | | | +| | auth res | | | | | | | +| | (S) | | auth ack | ?
=
↓
S | | | | +| store Kc, keynr | | | (S) | | | | | +| | ciph mode cmd | | | | | | | +| | | | "start" ciphering | | | | | +| | | | (Kc) | | | | | +| | | store Kc | | store keynr, LAI | | | | +| Kc
↓
A5 (encr)
↓
Kc[M] | ciph mode com | | | | | | | +| | (Kc[M]) | | | | | | | +| etc. | | Kc Kc[M]
↓ ↓
A5 (decr)
↓ ↓
M | | | | | | +| | | etc. | | | | | | + +### Scheme 6 (concluded) + +![Sequence diagram for Scheme 6 (concluded) showing interactions between MS, radio path, BS/MSC, network, VLR, network, HLR, and network. The diagram illustrates call setup, authentication, and data encryption/decryption processes.](13fde41de77bf026013a0b81684d1fc9_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant radio path + participant BS/MSC + participant network + participant VLR + participant network + participant HLR + participant network + + Note left of MS: store TMSIn, LAI + + MS->>radio path: set-up +{KC[M,b-nr]} + radio path->>network: send info for o/g call set-up + network->>VLR: info ack for o/g call set-up + network->>network: IAM + network->>network: ACM + network->>network: ANS + network->>HLR: send param from HLR (auth. par) (IMSI) + HLR->>VLR: fetch new values from AuC + VLR->>network: update database (IMSI, Kc, R, S) + network->>BS/MSC: call proc + BS/MSC->>radio path: alert + BS/MSC->>radio path: assign cmd (Kc[M]) + BS/MSC->>radio path: assign com + BS/MSC->>radio path: connect + BS/MSC->>radio path: connect ack + + Note left of MS: data + MS->>radio path: A5 encr (Kc) + radio path->>BS/MSC: Kc[data] + BS/MSC->>radio path: A5 decr (Kc) + radio path->>network: data + Note left of MS: data + MS->>radio path: A5 decr (Kc) + radio path->>BS/MSC: Kc[data] + BS/MSC->>radio path: A5 encr (Kc) + radio path->>network: data + +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interaction for Scheme 6 (concluded). The lifelines are MS, radio path, BS/MSC, network, VLR, network, HLR, and network. The process begins with the MS sending a 'set-up' message with {KC[M,b-nr]} to the radio path. The radio path sends 'send info for o/g call set-up' to the network, which responds with 'info ack for o/g call set-up' to the VLR. The network then sends 'IAM', 'ACM', and 'ANS' messages. It also sends 'send param from HLR (auth. par) (IMSI)' to the HLR, which responds with 'fetch new values from AuC' to the VLR. The VLR sends 'update database (IMSI, Kc, R, S)' to the network. The network sends 'call proc' to the BS/MSC, which then sends 'alert', 'assign cmd (Kc[M])', 'assign com', 'connect', and 'connect ack' messages to the radio path. A box labeled 'store TMSIn, LAI' is shown on the MS lifeline. Data transmission follows: the MS sends 'data' to the radio path, which performs 'A5 encr (Kc)' and sends 'Kc[data]' to the BS/MSC. The BS/MSC performs 'A5 decr (Kc)' and sends 'data' to the network. For the reverse direction, the MS sends 'data' to the radio path, which performs 'A5 decr (Kc)' and sends 'Kc[data]' to the BS/MSC. The BS/MSC performs 'A5 encr (Kc)' and sends 'data' to the network. + +Sequence diagram for Scheme 6 (concluded) showing interactions between MS, radio path, BS/MSC, network, VLR, network, HLR, and network. The diagram illustrates call setup, authentication, and data encryption/decryption processes. + +### Scheme 7 Call set-up + +- Mobile terminated + +- Early assignment + +![](82fbb97c1145cac89ac72dd080fad17a_img.jpg) + +| MS | radio path | BS/MSC | network | VLR | network | HLR | SS7 | +|------------------------------------|---------------|----------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-----|-----| +| IMSI, TMSI
Ki, Kc, LAI
keynr | | | | TMSI IMSI Kc R S
: : :
Kc R S
: : :
TMSI IMSI Kc R S
: : : | | | | +| | | | | | IAM | | | +| | | <-- | send info for i/c call set-up | (+ keynrs) | | | | +| | | | (MSRN) | fetch TMSI, LAI, Kc, R, S | | | | +| | | <-- | authenticate | | | | | +| | | | (R) | | | | | +| | <-- | | | | | | | +| | pag req | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | (TMSI) | | | | | | | +| | channel req | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | (TMSI) | | | | | | | +| | imm assign | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | (TMSI) | | | | | | | +| | pag res | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | (TMSI, keynr) | | | | | | | +| | auth req | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | (keynr, R) | | | | | | | +| Ki
V
A3 + A8
V
Kc
V | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | auth res | | | | | | | +| | | | auth resp | ? | | | | +| | | | | = | | | | +| | | | (S) | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | | | info ack for i/c call set-up | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | ciph mode cmd | | | | | | | +| | | | (Kc) | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | | store Kc | | store keynr, LAI | | | | + +### Scheme 7 (concluded) + +![](ddee3e67e0dfc22e25188fa635a19558_img.jpg) + +| MS | radio path | BSS/MSC | network | VLR | network | HLR | network | +|-----------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|---------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|---------| +| Kc M
↓ ↓
A5 (encr)
↓
Kc[M]
↓
etc. | | | | | | | | +| | ciph mode com
(Kc[M]) | Kc Kc[M]
↓ ↓
A5 (decr)
↓
M
↓
etc. | | | | | | +| | set-up
(Kc[M]) | | | | | IMSI Kc R S
: : :
IMSI Kc R S
: : : | | +| | call conf
(Kc[M]) | | | | ACM | | | +| | | | | TMSI IMSI Kc R S
: : :
TMSI IMSI Kc R S
: : :
(+ keynrs) | send param
from HLR
(auth. par) | | | +| | assign cmd
(Kc[M]) | | | | (IMSI) | fetch new
values
from AuC | | +| | assign com
(Kc[M]) | | | | auth. par
(IMSI,Kc,R,S) | | | +| | alert
(Kc[M]) | | | update
database | | | | +| | connect
(Kc[M]) | | | | ANS | | | +| | connect ack | | | | | | | +| data
→ | | Kc
↓
A5 encr | | | | | | +| | Kc[data] | | | | data | | data | +| data
← | | Kc
↓
A5 decr | | | | | | +| | Kc[data] | | | | data | | data | + +# --- Annex B (informative): Security information to be stored in the entities of the GSM system + +## B.1 Introduction + +This annex gives an overview of the security related information and the places where this information is stored in the GSM network. + +The entities of the GSM network where security information is stored are: + +- home location register; +- visitor location register; +- mobile services switching centre; +- base station system; +- mobile station; +- authentication centre. + +## --- B.2 Entities and security information + +### B.2.1 Home Location Register (HLR) + +If required, sets of Kc, RAND and SRES coupled to each IMSI are stored in the HLR. + +### B.2.2 Visitor Location Register (VLR) + +Sets of Kc, RAND and SRES coupled to each IMSI are stored in the VLR. In addition the CKSN, LAI and TMSI are stored together with the presumed valid Kc. + +After a new TMSI is generated, both the old and the new TMSI are stored. When the old TMSI is no longer valid, it is removed from the database. + +### B.2.3 Mobile services Switching Centre (MSC)/Base Station System (BSS) + +Encryption algorithm A5 is stored in the MSC/BSS. + +Call related information stored in the MSC includes the ciphering key Kc and CKSN associated with the identity of the mobile engaged in this call. + +After a new TMSI is generated, both the old and the new TMSI are stored. When the old TMSI is no longer valid, it is removed from the database. + +### B.2.4 Mobile Station (MS) + +The mobile station stores permanently: + +- authentication algorithm A3; +- encryption algorithm A5; +- ciphering key generating algorithm A8; +- individual subscriber authentication key Ki; +- ciphering key Kc; +- ciphering key sequence number; +- TMSI. + +The mobile station generates and stores: + +- ciphering key Kc. +- ciphering key Kc128 (if a 128-bit ciphering algorithm is used). + +The mobile station receives and stores: + +- ciphering key sequence number; +- TMSI; +- LAI. + +### B.2.5 Authentication Centre (AuC) + +In the authentication centre are implemented: + +- authentication algorithm(s) A3; +- ciphering key generating algorithm(s) A8. + +The secret individual authentication keys Ki of each subscriber are stored in an authentication centre. + +# --- Annex C (normative): External specifications of security related algorithms + +## C.0 Scope + +This annex specifies the cryptological algorithms which are needed to provide the various security features and mechanisms defined in, respectively, 3GPP TS 42.009 and 3GPP TS 43.020. + +The following three algorithms are considered in 3GPP TS 43.020: + +- Algorithm A3: Authentication algorithm; +- Algorithm A5: Ciphering/deciphering algorithm; +- Algorithm A8: Ciphering key generator. + +Algorithm A5 must be common to all GSM PLMNs and all mobile stations (in particular, to allow roaming). The external specifications of Algorithm A5 are defined in subclause C.1.3. The internal specifications of Algorithm A5 are managed under the responsibility of GSM/MoU; they will be made available in response to an appropriate request. + +Algorithms A3 and A8 are at each PLMN operator discretion. Only the formats of their inputs and outputs must be specified. It is also desirable that the processing times of these algorithms remain below a maximum value. Proposals for Algorithm A3 and A8 are managed by GSM/MoU and available, for those PLMN operators who wish to use them, in response to an appropriate request. + +## --- C.1 Specifications for Algorithm A5 + +### C.1.1 Purpose + +Algorithm A5 realizes the protection of both user data and signalling information elements at the physical layer on the dedicated channels (TCH or DCCH). + +Synchronization of both the enciphering and deciphering (especially at hand-over) must be guaranteed. + +### C.1.2 Implementation indications + +Algorithm A5 is implemented into both the MS and the BSS. On the BSS side description below assumes that one algorithm A5 is implemented for each physical channel (TCH or DCCH). + +The ciphering takes place before modulation and after interleaving (see 3GPP TS 45.001); the deciphering takes place after demodulation symmetrically. Both enciphering and deciphering need Algorithm A5 and start at different times (see clause 4). + +As an indication, recall that, due to the TDMA techniques used in the system, the useful data (also called the plain text in the sequel) are organized into blocks of NPBB (Number of Payload Bits per Burst, see C.1.5) bits. In the GMSK case NPBB is equal to 114. Then, each block is incorporated into a normal burst (see 3GPP TS 45.002) and transmitted during a time slot. According to 3GPP TS 45.003, in the GMSK case,, the useful information bits into a block are numbered e0 to e56 and e59 to e115 (the flag bits e57 and e58 are ignored). Successive slots for a given physical channel are separated at least by a frame duration, approximately 4.615 ms (see 3GPP TS 45.001). + +In the case of 8-PSK modulation (for instance, ECSD), the useful data are organized into longer blocks than 114 bits. According to 3GPP TS 45.003 the useful information in a block is included in 116 symbols which are numbered E(0) to E(115). Each symbol contains 3 bits, hence a block contains 348 useful information bits (NPBB = 348 in the 8-PSK case). See C.1.5 for changes in the details. + +For ciphering, Algorithm A5 produces, each 4.615 ms, a sequence of NPBB encipher/decipher bits (here called BLOCK) which is combined by a bit-wise modulo 2 addition with the NPBB-bit plain text block. The first encipher/decipher bit produced by A5 is added to e0, the second to e1 and so on. As an indication, the resulting NPBB-bit block is then applied to the burst builder (see 3GPP TS 45.001). For those A5 algorithms that do not produce bit after bit output, the msb of the BLOCK, as specified in the relevant A5 algorithm specification, has to be regarded as + +the first produced, subsequently the next but one most significant bit has to be considered as the next produced bit until all BLOCK bits have been added as described above. + +NOTE: As an example for A5/3: BLOCK1[0] is to be added with e0, BLOCK1[1] is to be added to e1, ..., BLOCK1[9] is to be added with e9 etc. + +For each slot, deciphering is performed on the MS side with the first block (BLOCK1) of NPBB bits produced by A5, and enciphering is performed with the second block (BLOCK2). As a consequence, on the network side BLOCK1 is used for enciphering and BLOCK2 for deciphering. Therefore Algorithm A5 must produce two blocks of NPBB bits (i.e. BLOCK1 and BLOCK2) each 4.615 ms. + +Synchronization is guaranteed by driving Algorithm A5 by an explicit time variable, COUNT, derived from the TDMA frame number. Therefore each NPBB-bit block produced by A5 depends only on the TDMA frame numbering and the ciphering key Kc (or Kc128 for A5 algorithms requiring a 128-bit key). + +COUNT is expressed in 22 bits as the concatenation of the binary representation of T1, T3 and T2. It is an input parameter of Algorithm A5. The coding of COUNT is shown in figure C.1. + +![Figure C.1: The coding of COUNT. A diagram showing a 22-bit word with bits numbered 22 down to 3. Bit 22 is the most significant bit (msb) and bit 3 is the least significant bit (lsb). The word is divided into three parts: T1 (bits 22 to 13), T3 (bits 12 to 7), and T2 (bits 6 to 3). Each part is shown as a rectangle with its msb and lsb indicated by vertical lines and labels.](a3083eec2a883ee8327b3c24174df6a9_img.jpg) + +Figure C.1: The coding of COUNT. A diagram showing a 22-bit word with bits numbered 22 down to 3. Bit 22 is the most significant bit (msb) and bit 3 is the least significant bit (lsb). The word is divided into three parts: T1 (bits 22 to 13), T3 (bits 12 to 7), and T2 (bits 6 to 3). Each part is shown as a rectangle with its msb and lsb indicated by vertical lines and labels. + +Figure C.1: The coding of COUNT + +Binary representation of COUNT. Bit 22 is the most significant bit (msb) and bit 1 the least significant bit (lsb) of COUNT. T1, T3 and T2 are represented in binary. (For definition of T1, T3 and T2, see 3GPP TS 45.002). + +Figure C.2 summarizes the implementation indications listed above for the GMSK case where NPBB is equal to 114, with only one enciphering/deciphering procedure represented (the second one for deciphering/enciphering is symmetrical). + +![Figure C.2: Deciphering on the MS side. A block diagram showing the flow of data from the Network side to the MS side. On the Network side, COUNT (= TDMA frame number) and Key Kc are inputs to an A5 block. The A5 block outputs BLOCK1 (114 bits cipher block). This is combined with 114 bits plain text via a bit wise binary addition block. The output is sent over a channel to the MS side. On the MS side, the received data is combined with BLOCK1 (114 bits cipher block) via another bit wise binary addition block to produce the final 114 bits plain text. COUNT and Key Kc are also inputs to the A5 block on the MS side.](f56ab8d50c10444a7043b7e30880cd0a_img.jpg) + +Figure C.2: Deciphering on the MS side. A block diagram showing the flow of data from the Network side to the MS side. On the Network side, COUNT (= TDMA frame number) and Key Kc are inputs to an A5 block. The A5 block outputs BLOCK1 (114 bits cipher block). This is combined with 114 bits plain text via a bit wise binary addition block. The output is sent over a channel to the MS side. On the MS side, the received data is combined with BLOCK1 (114 bits cipher block) via another bit wise binary addition block to produce the final 114 bits plain text. COUNT and Key Kc are also inputs to the A5 block on the MS side. + +Figure C.2: Deciphering on the MS side + +### C.1.3 External specifications of Algorithm A5 + +#### C.1.3.1 A5 algorithms with 64-bit keys + +The two input parameters (COUNT and Kc) and the output parameters (BLOCK1 and BLOCK2) of Algorithm A5 shall use the following formats: + +- length of Kc: 64 bits; +- length of COUNT: 22 bits; +- length of BLOCK1: NPBB bits; +- length of BLOCK2: NPBB bits. + +Algorithm A5 shall produce BLOCK1 and BLOCK2 in less than a TDMA frame duration, i.e. 4.615 ms. + +NOTE: If the actual length of the ciphering key is less than 64 bits, then it is assumed that the actual ciphering key corresponds to the most significant bits of Kc, and that the remaining and less significant bits are set to zero. It must be clear that for signalling and testing purposes the ciphering key Kc is considered to be 64 unstructured bits. + +#### C.1.3.2 A5 algorithms with 128-bit keys + +The two input parameters (COUNT and Kc128) and the output parameters (BLOCK1 and BLOCK2) of Algorithm A5 shall use the following formats: + +- length of Kc128: 128 bits; +- length of COUNT: 22 bits; +- length of BLOCK1: NPBB bits; +- length of BLOCK2: NPBB bits. + +Algorithm A5 shall produce BLOCK1 and BLOCK2 in less than a TDMA frame duration, i.e. 4.615 ms. + +### C.1.4 Internal specification of Algorithm A5 + +The internal specification of Algorithm A5 is managed under the responsibility of GSMA; it will be made available to in response to an appropriate request. + +### C.1.5 Definition of NPBB for different modulations + +NPBB (Number of Payload Bits per Burst) varies with the modulation used: + +- GMSK: NPBB = 114 (applicable to TCH, SDCCH, SACCH, FACCH) +- 8-PSK: NPBB = 348 (applicable to O-TCH, O-FACCH, E-TCH, E-FACCH). + +## --- C.2 Algorithm A3 + +Algorithm A3 is considered as a matter for GSM PLMN operators. Therefore, only external specifications are given. However a proposal for a possible Algorithm A3 is managed by GSM/MoU and available upon appropriate request. + +### C.2.1 Purpose + +As defined in 3GPP TS 43.020, the purpose of Algorithm A3 is to allow authentication of a mobile subscriber's identity. + +To this end, Algorithm A3 must compute an expected response SRES from a random challenge RAND sent by the network. For this computation, Algorithm A3 makes use of the secret authentication key Ki. + +### C.2.2 Implementation and operational requirements + +On the MS side, Algorithm A3 is contained in a Subscriber Identity Module, as specified in 3GPP TS 42.017. + +On the network side, it is implemented in the HLR or the AuC. The two input parameters (RAND and Ki) and the output parameter (SRES) of Algorithm A3 shall use the following formats: + +- length of Ki: 128 bits; +- length of RAND: 128 bits; +- length of SRES: 32 bits. + +The run-time of Algorithm A3 shall be less than 500 ms. + +## --- C.3 Algorithm A8 + +Algorithm A8 is considered as a matter for GSM PLMN operators as is Algorithm A3. + +A proposal for a possible Algorithm A8 is managed by GSM/MoU and available upon appropriate request. + +### C.3.1 Purpose + +As defined in 3GPP TS 43.020, Algorithm A8 must compute the ciphering key Kc from the random challenge RAND sent during the authentication procedure, using the authentication key Ki. + +### C.3.2 Implementation and operational requirements + +On the MS side, Algorithm A8 is contained in the SIM, as specified in 3GPP TS 42.017. + +On the network side, Algorithm A8 is co-located with Algorithm A3. + +The two input parameters (RAND and Ki) and the output parameter (Kc) of Algorithm A8 shall follow the following formats: + +- length of Ki: 128 bits; +- length of RAND: 128 bits; +- length of Kc: 64 bits. + +Since the maximum length of the actual ciphering key is fixed by GSM/MoU, Algorithm A8 shall produce this actual ciphering key and extend it (if necessary) into a 64 bit word where the non-significant bits are forced to zero. It is assumed that any non-significant bits are the least significant bits and that, the actual ciphering key is contained in the most significant bits. For signalling and testing purposes the ciphering key Kc has to be considered to be 64 unstructured bits. + +# --- Annex D (normative): Security related network functions for General Packet Radio Service + +This annex is only applicable if GPRS is supported. + +--- + +## D.1 General + +This annex gives an overview of the different security related services and functions for General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) which is described in 3GPP TS 22.060 and 3GPP TS 23.060. They are grouped as follows: + +- Subscriber identity confidentiality; +- Subscriber identity authentication; +- Confidentiality of user information and signalling between MS and SGSN; +- Security of the GPRS backbone. + +It shall be possible to introduce new authentication and ciphering algorithms during the systems lifetime. The fixed part of the network may support more than one authentication and ciphering algorithm. + +The security procedures include mechanisms to enable recovery in the event of signalling failures. These recovery procedures are designed to minimise the risk of a breach in the security of the system. + +In this annex, the terms GPRS-Kc and GPRS-CKSN are introduced to provide a clear distinction from the ciphering parameters (Kc and CKSN) used for circuit switched. The GPRS-Kc is the ciphering key used for GPRS, and GPRS-CKSN is the corresponding Ciphering Key Sequence Number used for GPRS. GPRS-Kc128 is introduced in correspondence with Kc128. The use of these parameters is described in clause D.4. + +--- + +## D.2 Subscriber identity confidentiality + +### D.2.1 Generality + +The purpose of this function is to avoid the possibility for an intruder to identify which subscriber is using a given resource on the radio path by listening to the signalling exchanges or the user traffic on the radio path. This allows both a high level of confidentiality for user data and signalling and protection against the tracing of users location. + +The provision of this function implies that the IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity), or any information allowing a listener to derive the IMSI easily, should not normally be transmitted in clear text in any signalling message on the radio path. + +Consequently, to obtain the required level of protection, it is necessary that: + +- a protected identifying method is normally used instead of the IMSI on the radio path; +- the IMSI is not normally used as addressing means on the radio path (see 3GPP TS 42.009); +- when the signalling procedures permit it, signalling information elements that convey information about the mobile subscriber identity must be ciphered for transmission on the radio path. + +The identifying method is specified in the following subclause. The ciphering of communication over the radio path is specified in clause D.4. + +Furthermore, Anonymous Access allows a user to access the network without a subscriber identity (see 3GPP TS 23.060). Therefore, Anonymous Access always guarantees by its nature subscriber identity confidentiality. The following parts of the clause D.2 are not applicable for Anonymous Access. + +### D.2.2 Identifying method + +The means used to identify a mobile subscriber on the radio path consists of a Temporary Logical Link Identity (TLLI). This TLLI is a local number, having a meaning only in a given RA (Routing Area); the TLLI must be accompanied by the Routing Area Identity (RAI) to avoid ambiguities. The maximum length and guidance for defining the format of a TLLI are specified in 3GPP TS 23.003. + +The SGSN manages suitable data bases to keep the relation between TLLIs and IMSIs. When a TLLI is received with an RAI that does not correspond to the current SGSN, the IMSI of the MS must be requested from the SGSN in charge of the indicated routing area if its address is known; otherwise the IMSI is requested from the MS. + +A new TLLI may be allocated in each routing area updating procedure. The allocation of a new TLLI corresponds implicitly for the MS to the de-allocation of the previous one. In the fixed part of the network, the cancellation of the record for an MS in a SGSN implies the de-allocation of the corresponding TLLI. + +To cope with some malfunctioning, e.g. arising from a software failure, the fixed part of the network can require the identification of the MS in clear. This procedure is a breach in the provision of the service, and should be used only when necessary. + +When a new TLLI is allocated to an MS, it is transmitted to the MS in a ciphered mode. This ciphered mode is the same as defined in clause D.4. + +The MS must store its current TLLI in a non volatile memory, together with the RAI, so that these data are not lost when the MS is switched off. + +### D.2.3 Procedures + +This subclause presents the procedures, or elements of procedures, pertaining to the management of TLLIs. + +These security procedures may also be applied between two PLMNs of different operators for seamless service when the PLMN is changed. + +#### D.2.3.1 Routing area updating in the same SGSN area + +This procedure is part of the routing area updating procedure which takes place when the original routing area and the new routing area depend on the same SGSN. The part of this procedure relative to TLLI management is reduced to a TLLI re-allocation (from TLLIo with "o" for "old" to TLLIn with "n" for "new"). + +The MS sends TLLIo as an identifying field at the beginning of the routing area updating procedure. + +The procedure is schematised in figure D.2.1. + +![Sequence diagram of routing area updating in the same SGSN area](1a74cf06fd2a1f8dcf7932224b617c57_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSN + Note right of SGSN: Allocation of TLLIn + MS->>SGSN: RAI, TLLIo + Note right of SGSN: De-allocation of TLLIo + SGSN-->>MS: Ciphered(TLLIn) + MS-->>SGSN: Acknowledge +``` + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of messages for routing area updating within the same SGSN. It starts with the MS sending a message containing RAI and TLLIo to the SGSN. Simultaneously, the SGSN performs an 'Allocation of TLLIn' and a 'De-allocation of TLLIo'. The SGSN then responds with 'Ciphered(TLLIn)' to the MS, which in turn sends an 'Acknowledge' message back to the SGSN. + +Sequence diagram of routing area updating in the same SGSN area + +Figure D.2.1: Routing area updating in the same SGSN area + +#### D.2.3.2 Routing area updating in a new SGSN; old SGSN reachable + +This procedure is part of the routing area updating procedure, using TLLI and RAI, when the original routing area and the new routing area depend on different SGSNs. + +The MS is still registered in SGSNo ("o" for old or original) and requests registration in SGSNn ("n" for new). RAI and TLLIo are sent by the MS as identifying fields during the routing area updating procedure. The Routing Area Update Request is not ciphered to allow the new SGSN to read RAI and TLLIo. + +The procedure is schematised in figure D.2.2. + +![Sequence diagram of routing area updating in a new SGSN (SGSNn) while the old SGSN (SGSNo) is reachable. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, and HPLMN. The MS sends a request with RAI and TLLIo to SGSNn. SGSNn forwards this to SGSNo, which responds with IMSI and Sec.Rel.Inf. SGSNn then performs an 'Allocation of TLLIn'. It sends a 'Ciphered(TLLIn) (note)' to the MS, which responds with an 'Acknowledge (note)'. Simultaneously, SGSNn sends an 'Update Loc. (note)' to HPLMN, which responds with an 'Acknowledge (note)'. Finally, SGSNn sends a 'Cancellation' to SGSNo, leading to a 'De-allocation of TLLIo'.](aeb2a26a07219661191294dba528067a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSNn + participant SGSNo + participant HPLMN + + Note right of SGSNn: Allocation of TLLIn + MS->>SGSNn: RAI, TLLIo + SGSNn->>SGSNo: RAI, TLLIo + SGSNo-->>SGSNn: IMSI + SGSNo-->>SGSNn: Sec.Rel.Inf + SGSNn-->>MS: Ciphered(TLLIn) (note) + MS-->>SGSNn: Acknowledge (note) + SGSNn-->>HPLMN: Update Loc. (note) + HPLMN-->>SGSNn: Acknowledge (note) + SGSNn-->>SGSNo: Cancellation + Note right of SGSNo: De-allocation of TLLIo + +``` + +Sequence diagram of routing area updating in a new SGSN (SGSNn) while the old SGSN (SGSNo) is reachable. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, and HPLMN. The MS sends a request with RAI and TLLIo to SGSNn. SGSNn forwards this to SGSNo, which responds with IMSI and Sec.Rel.Inf. SGSNn then performs an 'Allocation of TLLIn'. It sends a 'Ciphered(TLLIn) (note)' to the MS, which responds with an 'Acknowledge (note)'. Simultaneously, SGSNn sends an 'Update Loc. (note)' to HPLMN, which responds with an 'Acknowledge (note)'. Finally, SGSNn sends a 'Cancellation' to SGSNo, leading to a 'De-allocation of TLLIo'. + +NOTE: From a security point of view, the order of the procedures is irrelevant. + +**Figure D.2.2: Routing area updating in a new SGSN; old SGSN reachable** + +Signalling functionalities: + +Update Loc. stands for Update Location + +The new SGSN informs the HLR that it is now handling the MS. + +Sec.Rel.Info.: + +Stands for Security Related information + +The SGSNn needs some information for authentication and ciphering; this information is obtained from SGSNo. + +Cancellation: + +The HLR indicates to SGSNo that the MS is now under control of another SGSN. The "old" TLLI is free for allocation. + +#### D.2.3.3 Routing area updating in a new SGSN; old SGSN not reachable + +This variant of the procedure in subclause D.2.3.2 arises when the SGSN receiving the RAI and TLLIo cannot identify the SGSNo. In that case the relation between TLLIo and IMSI is lost, and the identification of the MS in clear is necessary. + +The procedure is schematised in figure D.2.3. + +![Sequence diagram for routing area updating in a new SGSN where the old SGSN is not reachable. The diagram shows interactions between MS, SGSNn (new), SGSNo (old), and HPLMN. The MS sends RAI and TLLIo to SGSNn. SGSNn finds old SGSN not reachable and responds with 'TLLI unknown (note 1)'. MS responds with 'IMSI (note 1)'. SGSNn then performs 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause D4)', which includes 'Allocation of TLLIn'. SGSNn sends 'Ciphered(TLLIn) (note 2)' to MS and 'Update Loc. (note 2)' to HPLMN. MS sends 'Acknowledge (note 2)' to SGSNn. HPLMN sends 'Cancellation' to SGSNn, which then performs 'De-allocation of TLLIo'.](c0c7f65c51c83fbe595b47326f6b089a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSNn + participant SGSNo + participant HPLMN + + Note right of SGSNn: old SGSN not reachable + + MS->>SGSNn: RAI, TLLIo + SGSNn-->>MS: TLLI unknown (note 1) + MS->>SGSNn: IMSI (note 1) + Note over SGSNn: Management of means for new ciphering (see clause D4) + Note over SGSNn: Allocation of TLLIn + SGSNn-->>MS: Ciphered(TLLIn) (note 2) + SGSNn-->>HPLMN: Update Loc. (note 2) + MS-->>SGSNn: Acknowledge (note 2) + HPLMN-->>SGSNn: Cancellation + Note over SGSNn: De-allocation of TLLIo + +``` + +Sequence diagram for routing area updating in a new SGSN where the old SGSN is not reachable. The diagram shows interactions between MS, SGSNn (new), SGSNo (old), and HPLMN. The MS sends RAI and TLLIo to SGSNn. SGSNn finds old SGSN not reachable and responds with 'TLLI unknown (note 1)'. MS responds with 'IMSI (note 1)'. SGSNn then performs 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause D4)', which includes 'Allocation of TLLIn'. SGSNn sends 'Ciphered(TLLIn) (note 2)' to MS and 'Update Loc. (note 2)' to HPLMN. MS sends 'Acknowledge (note 2)' to SGSNn. HPLMN sends 'Cancellation' to SGSNn, which then performs 'De-allocation of TLLIo'. + +NOTE 1: From a security point of view, the exact signalling messages (described in 3GPP TS 23.060) used to indicate that the TLLI is unknown, or to send the IMSI are irrelevant. + +NOTE 2: From a security point of view, the order of the procedures is irrelevant. + +**Figure D.2.3: Routing area updating in a new SGSN; old SGSN not reachable** + +#### D.2.3.4 Reallocation of a TLLI + +This function may be initiated by the network at any time for a GPRS attached MS. The procedure can be included in other procedures, e.g. through the means of optional parameters. The execution of this function is left to the network operator. + +When a new TLLI is allocated to an MS the network must prevent the old TLLI from being allocated again until the MS has acknowledged the allocation of the new TLLI. + +If an MM context of an MS is deleted in the SGSN by O&M action, the network must prevent any TLLI associated with the deleted MM context from being allocated again until a new TLLI is successfully allocated to that IMSI. + +If an IMSI record is deleted in the HLR by O&M action, it is not possible to prevent any TLLI associated with the IMSI record from being allocated again. However, if the MS whose IMSI record was deleted should attempt to access the network using the TLLI after the TLLI has been allocated to a different IMSI, then authentication or ciphering of the MS whose IMSI was deleted will fail, which will cause the TLLI to be deleted from the MS. + +The case where allocation of a new TLLI is unsuccessful is described in subclause D.2.3.7. + +This procedure is schematised in figure D.2.4. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure D.2.4: Reallocation of a new TLLI. The diagram shows an MS (Mobile Station) and an SGSN. The SGSN performs 'Allocation of TLLIn' and sends a 'Ciphered(TLLIn)' message to the MS. The MS responds with an 'Acknowledge' message. Finally, the SGSN performs 'De-allocation of TLLIo'.](0a73b03fba21af142d619a9a662e6490_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSN + Note right of SGSN: Allocation of TLLIn + SGSN->>MS: Ciphered(TLLIn) + MS-->>SGSN: Acknowledge + Note right of SGSN: De-allocation of TLLIo + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure D.2.4: Reallocation of a new TLLI. The diagram shows an MS (Mobile Station) and an SGSN. The SGSN performs 'Allocation of TLLIn' and sends a 'Ciphered(TLLIn)' message to the MS. The MS responds with an 'Acknowledge' message. Finally, the SGSN performs 'De-allocation of TLLIo'. + +**Figure D.2.4: Reallocation of a new TLLI** + +#### D.2.3.5 Local TLLI unknown + +This procedure is a variant of the procedure described in subclauses D.2.3.1 and happens when a data loss has occurred in a SGSN and when a MS uses an unknown TLLI, e.g. for a communication request or for a routing area updating request in a routing area managed by the same SGSN. The SGSN indicates to the MS that the TLLI is unknown and the identification of the MS in clear is necessary. + +This procedure is schematised in figure D.2.5. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure D.2.5: Routing area updating in the same SGSN area; local TLLI unknown. The diagram shows an MS, an SGSN, and an HPLMN. The MS sends a 'RAI, TLLIo (note 1)' to the SGSN. The SGSN checks and finds 'TLLIo is unknown'. It responds with 'TLLI unknown (note 2)' and 'IMSI (note 2)'. A 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause D4)' is performed. The SGSN then performs 'Allocation of TLLIn' and sends 'Ciphered(TLLIn)' to the MS. The MS responds with an 'Acknowledge' message.](605ad256780bc1b6022dfb65a6e24a3b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSN + participant HPLMN + Note right of SGSN: TLLIo is unknown + MS->>SGSN: RAI, TLLIo (note 1) + SGSN-->>MS: TLLI unknown (note 2) + MS->>SGSN: IMSI (note 2) + Note right of MS: Management of means for new ciphering (see clause D4) + Note right of SGSN: Allocation of TLLIn + SGSN->>MS: Ciphered(TLLIn) + MS-->>SGSN: Acknowledge + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure D.2.5: Routing area updating in the same SGSN area; local TLLI unknown. The diagram shows an MS, an SGSN, and an HPLMN. The MS sends a 'RAI, TLLIo (note 1)' to the SGSN. The SGSN checks and finds 'TLLIo is unknown'. It responds with 'TLLI unknown (note 2)' and 'IMSI (note 2)'. A 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause D4)' is performed. The SGSN then performs 'Allocation of TLLIn' and sends 'Ciphered(TLLIn)' to the MS. The MS responds with an 'Acknowledge' message. + +**Figure D.2.5: Routing area updating in the same SGSN area; local TLLI unknown** + +NOTE 1: Any message in which TLLIo is used as an identifying means in a routing area managed by the same SGSN. + +NOTE 2: From a security point of view, the exact signalling messages (described in 3GPP TS 23.060) used to indicate that the TLLI is unknown, or to send the IMSI are irrelevant. + +#### D.2.3.6 Routing area updating in a new SGSN in case of a loss of information + +This variant of the procedure described in D.2.3.2 arises when the SGSN in charge of the MS has suffered a loss of data. In that case the relation between TLLIo and IMSI is lost, and the identification of the MS in clear is necessary. + +The procedure is schematised in figure D.2.6. + +![Sequence diagram for routing area updating in a new SGSN in case of a loss of information. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, and HPLMN. The sequence starts with the MS sending RAI and TLLIo to SGSNn. SGSNn forwards RAI and TLLIo to SGSNo. SGSNo responds with 'Unknown' to SGSNn, which then sends 'TLLI Unknown (note 1)' to the MS. The MS responds with 'IMSI (note 1)' to SGSNn. A box labeled 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause D4)' spans across the lifelines. Below this, a box labeled 'Allocation of TLLIn' is shown. SGSNn sends 'Ciphered(TLLIn) (note 2)' to the MS and 'Update location (note 2)' to HPLMN. The MS sends 'Acknowledge (note 2)' to SGSNn, and HPLMN sends 'Acknowledge (note 2)' to SGSNn. Finally, SGSNn sends 'Cancellation' to HPLMN, and a box labeled 'De-allocation of TLLIo' is shown at the bottom.](21327313f7b18a481da0c87a6472a80d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSNn + participant SGSNo + participant HPLMN + + Note right of SGSNn: Management of means for new ciphering (see clause D4) + + MS->>SGSNn: RAI, TLLIo + SGSNn->>SGSNo: RAI, TLLIo + SGSNo-->>SGSNn: Unknown + SGSNn-->>MS: TLLI Unknown(note 1) + MS-->>SGSNn: IMSI(note 1) + + Note right of SGSNn: Allocation of TLLIn + + SGSNn-->>MS: Ciphered(TLLIn) (note 2) + SGSNn-->>HPLMN: Update location (note 2) + MS-->>SGSNn: Acknowledge (note 2) + HPLMN-->>SGSNn: Acknowledge (note 2) + SGSNn-->>HPLMN: Cancellation + + Note right of SGSNn: De-allocation of TLLIo + +``` + +Sequence diagram for routing area updating in a new SGSN in case of a loss of information. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, and HPLMN. The sequence starts with the MS sending RAI and TLLIo to SGSNn. SGSNn forwards RAI and TLLIo to SGSNo. SGSNo responds with 'Unknown' to SGSNn, which then sends 'TLLI Unknown (note 1)' to the MS. The MS responds with 'IMSI (note 1)' to SGSNn. A box labeled 'Management of means for new ciphering (see clause D4)' spans across the lifelines. Below this, a box labeled 'Allocation of TLLIn' is shown. SGSNn sends 'Ciphered(TLLIn) (note 2)' to the MS and 'Update location (note 2)' to HPLMN. The MS sends 'Acknowledge (note 2)' to SGSNn, and HPLMN sends 'Acknowledge (note 2)' to SGSNn. Finally, SGSNn sends 'Cancellation' to HPLMN, and a box labeled 'De-allocation of TLLIo' is shown at the bottom. + +NOTE 1: From a security point of view, the exact signalling messages (described in 3GPP TS 23.060) used to indicate that the TLLI is unknown, or to send the IMSI are irrelevant. + +NOTE 2: From a security point of view, the order of the procedures is irrelevant. + +**Figure D.2.6: Routing area updating in a new SGSN in case of a loss of information** + +#### D.2.3.7 Unsuccessful TLLI allocation + +If the MS does not acknowledge the allocation of a new TLLI, the network shall maintain the association between the old TLLI and the IMSI and between the new TLLI and the IMSI. + +For an MS-originated transaction, the network shall allow the MS to identify itself by either the old TLLI or the new TLLI. This will allow the network to determine the TLLI stored in the MS; the association between the other TLLI and the IMSI shall then be deleted. + +For a network-originated transaction, the network shall identify the MS by its IMSI. When radio contact has been established, the network shall instruct the MS to delete any stored TLLI. When the MS has acknowledged this instruction, the network shall delete the association between the IMSI of the MS and any TLLI. + +In either of the cases above, the network may initiate the normal TLLI reallocation procedure. + +Repeated failure of TLLI reallocation (passing a limit set by the operator) may be reported for O&M action. + +## D.3 Subscriber identity authentication + +### D.3.1 Generality + +The definition and operational requirements of subscriber identity authentication are given in 3GPP TS 42.009. + +The authentication procedure may be performed at any time by the network. + +The authentication procedure will also be used to set the ciphering key (see clause D.4). Therefore, it is performed after the subscriber identity (TLLI/IMSI) is known by the network for the management of new ciphering. + +Two network functions are necessary: the authentication procedure itself, and the key management. + +### D.3.2 The authentication procedure + +The authentication procedure is described in subclause 3.2. + +### D.3.3 Subscriber Authentication Key management + +The management of Subscriber Authentication Key ( $K_i$ ) is described in subclause 3.3. + +#### D.3.3.1 General authentication procedure + +When needed, the SGSN requests security related information for a MS from the HLR/AuC corresponding to the IMSI of the MS. This includes an array of pairs of corresponding RAND and SRES. These pairs are obtained by applying Algorithm A3 to each RAND and the key $K_i$ as shown in figure 3.1. The pairs are stored in the SGSN as part of the security related information. + +The procedure used for updating the vectors RAND/SRES is schematised in figure D.3.2. + +NOTE: The Authentication Vector Response contains also GPRS-Kc(1..n) which is not shown in this and the following figures. For discussion of GPRS-Kc see clause D.4. + +![Sequence diagram showing the procedure for updating RAND/SRES vectors between SGSN and HLR/AuC.](b816e7bb064d3bfa02761aa679eb3726_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SGSN + participant HLR_AuC as HLR/AuC + Note right of HLR_AuC: generate RAND(1..n) + Note right of HLR_AuC: Ki + Note right of HLR_AuC: A3 + SGSN->>HLR_AuC: Security Related Information Req(IMSI) + HLR_AuC-->>SGSN: Authentication Vector Response (SRES(1..n), RAND(1..n)) + Note left of SGSN: Store RAND/SRES vectors +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction between the SGSN and the HLR/AuC for updating RAND/SRES vectors. The process begins with the SGSN sending a 'Security Related Information Req(IMSI)' message to the HLR/AuC. Upon receiving this, the HLR/AuC performs internal steps: 'generate RAND(1..n)', using the key ' $K_i$ ', and applying 'Algorithm A3'. It then sends an 'Authentication Vector Response' back to the SGSN, containing '(SRES(1..n), RAND(1..n))'. Finally, the SGSN stores these vectors in a 'Store RAND/SRES vectors' block. + +Sequence diagram showing the procedure for updating RAND/SRES vectors between SGSN and HLR/AuC. + +Figure D.3.2: Procedure for updating the vectors RAND/SRES + +When an SGSN performs an authentication, including the case of a routing area updating within the same SGSN area, it chooses a RAND value in the array corresponding to the MS. It then tests the answer from the MS by comparing it with the corresponding SRES, as schematised in figure D.3.3. + +![Figure D.3.3: General authentication procedure. Sequence diagram showing MS and SGSN. SGSN sends RAND(j) to MS. MS uses Ki and RAND(j) with algorithm A3 to produce SRES(j). MS sends SRES(j) back to SGSN. SGSN compares received SRES(j) with stored SRES(j).](0a06de972d61ab9bb901bd74dd4ff51f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSN + Note left of MS: Ki + SGSN-->>MS: RAND(j) + Note over MS: A3(Ki, RAND(j)) + MS-->>SGSN: SRES(j) + Note over SGSN: Compare SRES(j) + Note over SGSN: yes/no + +``` + +Figure D.3.3: General authentication procedure. Sequence diagram showing MS and SGSN. SGSN sends RAND(j) to MS. MS uses Ki and RAND(j) with algorithm A3 to produce SRES(j). MS sends SRES(j) back to SGSN. SGSN compares received SRES(j) with stored SRES(j). + +**Figure D.3.3: General authentication procedure** + +#### D.3.3.2 Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI + +During routing area updating in a new SGSN (SGSN*n*), the procedure to get pairs for subsequent authentication may differ from that described in the previous subclause. In the case when identification is done using TLLI, pairs for authentication as part of security related information are given by the old SGSN (SGSN*o*). The old SGSN shall send to the new SGSN only those pairs which have not been used. SGSN*n* may also request the triplets directly from HLR. + +The procedure is schematised in figure D.3.4. + +![Figure D.3.4: Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI. Sequence diagram involving MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, and HPLMN. MS sends RAI, TLLIo to SGSNn. SGSNn sends TLLIo, RAI to SGSNo. SGSNo returns IMSI, RAND(1..n), SRES(1..n). SGSNn sends RAND to MS. MS returns SRES. SGSNn compares SRES and updates location with HPLMN.](7e74ac663f3e644b589ed28f5fd29398_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSNn + participant SGSNo + participant HPLMN + Note left of MS: Ki + MS->>SGSNn: RAI, TLLIo + SGSNn->>SGSNo: TLLIo, RAI + SGSNo-->>SGSNn: IMSI, RAND(1..n), SRES(1..n) + SGSNn-->>MS: RAND + Note over MS: A3 + MS-->>SGSNn: SRES + Note over SGSNn: Compare (=) + Note over SGSNn: yes/no + SGSNn->>HPLMN: Update Location + +``` + +Figure D.3.4: Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI. Sequence diagram involving MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, and HPLMN. MS sends RAI, TLLIo to SGSNn. SGSNn sends TLLIo, RAI to SGSNo. SGSNo returns IMSI, RAND(1..n), SRES(1..n). SGSNn sends RAND to MS. MS returns SRES. SGSNn compares SRES and updates location with HPLMN. + +**Figure D.3.4: Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI** + +#### D.3.3.3 Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using IMSI + +When the IMSI is used for identification, or more generally when the old SGSN is not reachable, the procedure described in subclause D.3.3.2 cannot be used. Instead, pairs of RAND/SRES contained in the security related information are requested directly from the HPLMN. + +The procedure is schematised in figure D.3.5. + +![Sequence diagram showing authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN using IMSI. The diagram involves three main entities: MS (Mobile Station), SGSNn (New SGSN), and HPLMN (Home PLMN). The MS sends an IMSI to the SGSNn. The SGSNn sends a 'Sec. Rel. Info Req.' (containing the IMSI) to the HPLMN. The HPLMN responds with 'RAND(1..n)' and 'SRES(1..n)'. The SGSNn sends a 'RAND' to the MS. The MS uses its Ki and the RAND to calculate an 'SRES' via an A3 algorithm and sends it back to the SGSNn. The SGSNn compares the received SRES with the SRES from the HPLMN using an equality operator '='. If it matches ('yes'), an 'Update Location' message is sent to the HPLMN.](237b76118be454462fc9b4e96adaa6c7_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSNn + participant HPLMN + Note left of MS: Ki + MS->>SGSNn: IMSI + SGSNn->>HPLMN: Sec. Rel. Info Req. (IMSI) + HPLMN-->>SGSNn: RAND(1..n) + HPLMN-->>SGSNn: SRES(1..n) + SGSNn->>MS: RAND + Note left of MS: A3 + MS->>SGSNn: SRES + Note right of SGSNn: = + Note right of SGSNn: yes/no + Note right of SGSNn: Update Location +``` + +Sequence diagram showing authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN using IMSI. The diagram involves three main entities: MS (Mobile Station), SGSNn (New SGSN), and HPLMN (Home PLMN). The MS sends an IMSI to the SGSNn. The SGSNn sends a 'Sec. Rel. Info Req.' (containing the IMSI) to the HPLMN. The HPLMN responds with 'RAND(1..n)' and 'SRES(1..n)'. The SGSNn sends a 'RAND' to the MS. The MS uses its Ki and the RAND to calculate an 'SRES' via an A3 algorithm and sends it back to the SGSNn. The SGSNn compares the received SRES with the SRES from the HPLMN using an equality operator '='. If it matches ('yes'), an 'Update Location' message is sent to the HPLMN. + +Figure D.3.5: Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using IMSI + +#### D.3.3.4 Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI, TLLI unknown in 'old' SGSN + +This case is an abnormal one, when a data loss has occurred in the 'old' SGSN. + +The procedure is schematised in figure D.3.6. + +![Sequence diagram showing authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN. Lifelines: MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, HPLMN. The process involves RAI/TLLI exchange, 'Unknown' response from old SGSN, IMSI request, security info request to HPLMN, RAND/SRES response, and final SRES verification by new SGSN.](4842f073775fb1e84d101c02fd74e59e_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSNn as SGSNn + participant SGSNo as SGSNo + participant HPLMN as HPLMN + + Note left of MS: Ki + MS->>SGSNn: RAI, TLLIo + SGSNn->>SGSNo: RAI, TLLIo + SGSNo-->>SGSNn: Unknown + SGSNn-->>MS: TLLI Unknown + MS->>SGSNn: IMSI + SGSNn->>HPLMN: Sec. Rel. Info Req. (IMSI) + HPLMN-->>SGSNn: RAND(1..n) SRES(1..n) + SGSNn-->>MS: RAND + Note left of MS: A3 + MS->>SGSNn: SRES + Note right of SGSNn: = + Note right of SGSNn: yes/no + Note right of SGSNn: Update Location +``` + +Sequence diagram showing authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN. Lifelines: MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, HPLMN. The process involves RAI/TLLI exchange, 'Unknown' response from old SGSN, IMSI request, security info request to HPLMN, RAND/SRES response, and final SRES verification by new SGSN. + +Figure D.3.6: Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI, TLLI unknown in 'old' SGSN + +#### D.3.3.5 Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI, old SGSN not reachable + +The case occurs when an old SGSN cannot be reached by the new SGSN. + +The procedure is schematised in figure D.3.7 + +![Sequence diagram for authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI, old SGSN not reachable. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, and HPLMN. The MS sends RAI, TLLIo to SGSNn. SGSNn checks if SGSNo is reachable, but it is not. SGSNn sends TLLI Unknown to MS. MS sends IMSI to SGSNn. SGSNn sends Sec. Rel. Info Req. (IMSI) to HPLMN. HPLMN returns RAND(1..n) SRES(1..n) to SGSNn. SGSNn sends RAND to MS. MS uses Ki and RAND to calculate SRES via A3. MS sends SRES to SGSNn. SGSNn compares the received SRES with the expected SRES. If they match (yes), it sends Update Location to HPLMN. If they don't match (no), the process fails.](3e8e3bdb3d90f0856266d4eaf36abba1_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSNn + participant SGSNo + participant HPLMN + + Note right of SGSNn: SGSNo not reachable + MS->>SGSNn: RAI, TLLIo + SGSNn-->>MS: TLLI Unknown + MS->>SGSNn: IMSI + SGSNn->>HPLMN: Sec. Rel. Info Req. (IMSI) + HPLMN-->>SGSNn: RAND(1..n) SRES(1..n) + SGSNn-->>MS: RAND + Note left of MS: Ki + Note left of MS: A3 + MS->>SGSNn: SRES + Note right of SGSNn: = + Note right of SGSNn: yes/no + Note right of SGSNn: Update Location + +``` + +Sequence diagram for authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI, old SGSN not reachable. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, and HPLMN. The MS sends RAI, TLLIo to SGSNn. SGSNn checks if SGSNo is reachable, but it is not. SGSNn sends TLLI Unknown to MS. MS sends IMSI to SGSNn. SGSNn sends Sec. Rel. Info Req. (IMSI) to HPLMN. HPLMN returns RAND(1..n) SRES(1..n) to SGSNn. SGSNn sends RAND to MS. MS uses Ki and RAND to calculate SRES via A3. MS sends SRES to SGSNn. SGSNn compares the received SRES with the expected SRES. If they match (yes), it sends Update Location to HPLMN. If they don't match (no), the process fails. + +**Figure D.3.7: Authentication at routing area updating in a new SGSN, using TLLI, old SGSN not reachable** + +#### D.3.3.6 Authentication with IMSI if authentication with TLLI fails + +If authentication of an MS which identifies itself with a TLLI is unsuccessful, the network requests the IMSI from the MS, and repeats the authentication using the IMSI. Optionally, if authentication using the TLLI fails the network may reject the access request or location registration request which triggered the authentication. + +#### D.3.3.7 Re-use of security related information in failure situations + +Security related information consisting of sets of RAND, SRES and a ciphering key (GPRS-Kc) is stored in the SGSN and in the HLR. + +When a SGSN has used a set of security related information to authenticate an MS, it shall delete the set of security related information or mark it as used. When a SGSN needs to use security related information, it shall use a set which is not marked as used in preference to a set which is marked as used; if there are no sets which are not marked as used then the SGSN shall request fresh security related information from the HLR. If a set of fresh security related information cannot be obtained in this case because of a system failure, the SGSN may re-use a set which is marked as used. + +“System failure” in this context means that the SGSN was unable to establish contact with the HLR, or the HLR returned a positive acknowledgement containing no sets of security related information, or the HLR returned an error indicating that there was a system failure or that the request was badly formatted. + +If the HLR responds to a request for security related information with an indication that the subscriber is unknown or barred in the HLR, the SGSN shall not re-use security information which has been marked as used. + +It is an operator option to define how many times a set of security related information may be re-used in the SGSN; when a set of security related information has been re-used as many times as is permitted by the operator, it shall be deleted. + +If a SGSN successfully requests security related information from the HLR, it shall discard any security related information which is marked as used in the SGSN. + +If a SGSN receives from another SGSN a request for security related information, it shall send only the sets which are not marked as used. + +If an HLR receives a request for security related information, it shall send any sets which are not marked as used; those sets shall then be deleted or marked as used. If there are no sets which are not marked as used, the HLR may as an operator option send sets which are marked as used. It is an operator option to define how many times a set of security related information may be re-sent by the HLR; when a set of security related information has been sent as many times as is permitted by the operator, it shall be deleted. + +## --- D.4 Confidentiality of user information and signalling between MS and SGSN + +### D.4.1 Generality + +In 3GPP TS 42.009, some signalling information elements are considered sensitive and must be protected. + +To ensure identity confidentiality (see clause 2), the new TLLI must be transferred in a protected mode at allocation time. + +The confidentiality of user information concerns the information transmitted on the logical connection between MS and SGSN. + +These needs for a protected mode of transmission are fulfilled by a ciphering function in the LLC layer. It is not an end-to-end confidentiality service. + +Four points have to be specified: + +- the ciphering method; +- the key setting; +- the starting of the enciphering and deciphering processes; +- the synchronisation. + +### D.4.2 The ciphering method + +The LLC layer information flow is ciphered by the algorithm GPRS-A5 as described in 3GPP TS 41.061. However, GPRS ciphering algorithms requiring 128-bit GPRS-Kc128 shall be given that instead of the 64-bit GPRS-Kc as ciphering key. + +NOTE: Specification TS 41.061 is not maintained after Release 4 and, therefore, it does not include the possibility of 128-bit Kc. + +### D.4.3 Key setting + +Mutual key setting is the procedure that allows the mobile station and the network to agree on the key GPRS-Kc to use in the ciphering and deciphering algorithms GPRS-A5. This procedure corresponds to the procedure described in subclause 4.3 besides the different confidential subscriber identity. The GPRS-Kc is handled by the SGSN independently from the MSC. If a MS is using both circuit switched and packet switched, two different ciphering keys will be used independently, one (Kc or Kc128) in the MSC and one (GPRS-Kc or GPRS-Kc128) in the SGSN. + +A key setting is triggered by the authentication procedure. Key setting may be initiated by the network as often as the network operator wishes. If an authentication procedure is performed during a data transfer, the new ciphering parameters shall be taken in use immediately at the end of the authentication procedure in both SGSN and MS. + +Key setting may not be encrypted and shall be performed as soon as the identity of the mobile subscriber (i.e. TLLI or IMSI) is known by the network. + +The transmission of GPRS-Kc to the MS is indirect and uses the authentication RAND value; GPRS-Kc is derived from RAND by using algorithm A8 and the Subscriber Authentication key Ki, in the same way as defined in annex C for Kc. + +As a consequence, the procedures for the management of GPRS-Kc are the authentication procedures described in subclause D.3.3. + +The values GPRS-Kc are computed together with the SRES values. The security related information (see subclause D.3.3.1) consists of RAND, SRES and GPRS-Kc. + +The key GPRS-Kc is stored by the mobile station until it is updated at the next authentication. + +Key setting is schematised in figure D.4.1. + +![Figure D.4.1: Key setting diagram showing the interaction between the MS and the Network side. The MS sends RAI and TLLI or IMSI to the Network side. The Network side responds with RAND. Both the MS and the Network side use the RAND value and the Subscriber Authentication key Ki to compute GPRS-Kc using algorithm A8. The MS then stores the GPRS-Kc value.](9cd7ec4a653f07d02def283cb6f2309e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant Network side + Note left of MS: |Ki + MS->>Network side: RAI and TLLI or IMSI + Network side-->>MS: RAND + Note right of Network side: |Ki + Note left of MS: RAND + Note right of Network side: RAND + Note left of MS: A8 + Note right of Network side: A8 + Note left of MS: GPRS-Kc + Note right of Network side: GPRS-Kc + Note left of MS: Store GPRS-Kc + Note right of Network side: Store GPRS-Kc + +``` + +Figure D.4.1: Key setting diagram showing the interaction between the MS and the Network side. The MS sends RAI and TLLI or IMSI to the Network side. The Network side responds with RAND. Both the MS and the Network side use the RAND value and the Subscriber Authentication key Ki to compute GPRS-Kc using algorithm A8. The MS then stores the GPRS-Kc value. + +Figure D.4.1: Key setting + +### D.4.4 Ciphering key sequence number + +The GPRS-CKSN (Ciphering Key Sequence Number) is a number which is associated with each ciphering key GPRS-Kc. The GPRS-CKSN and GPRS-Kc are stored together in the mobile station and in the network. It permits the consistency check of the keys stored in the MS and in the network. Two independent pairs, Kc and CKSN (for circuit switched), and GPRS-Kc and GPRS-CKSN (for packet switched) may be stored in the MS simultaneously. + +However since it is not directly involved in any security mechanism, it is not addressed in this specification but in 3GPP TS 24.008 instead. + +### D.4.5 Starting of the ciphering and deciphering processes + +The MS and the SGSN must co-ordinate the instants at which the ciphering and deciphering processes start. The authentication procedure governs the start of ciphering. The SGSN indicates if ciphering shall be used or not in the Authentication and Ciphering Request message. If ciphering is used, the MS starts ciphering after sending the Authentication and Ciphering Response message. The SGSN starts ciphering when a valid Authentication and Ciphering Response message is received from the MS. + +Upon GPRS Attach, if ciphering is to be used, an Authentication and Ciphering Request message shall be sent to the MS to start ciphering. + +If the GPRS-CKSN stored in the network does not match the GPRS-CKSN received from the MS in the Attach Request message, then the network should authenticate the MS. + +As an option, the network may decide to continue ciphering without authentication after receiving a Routing Area Update Request message with a valid GPRS-CKSN. Both the MS and the network shall use the latest ciphering parameters. The MS starts ciphering after a receiving a valid ciphered Routing Area Update Accept message from the network. The SGSN starts ciphering when sending the ciphered Routing Area Update Accept message to the MS. + +Upon delivery of the Authentication and Ciphering Response message or the Routing Area Update Accept message, the GPRS Mobility and Management entity in both SGSN and MS shall be aware if ciphering has started or not. LLC provides the capability to send both ciphered and unciphered PDUs. The synchronisation of ciphering at LLC frames level is done by a bit in the LLC header indicating if the frame is ciphered or not. Only a few identified signalling messages (e.g., Routing Area Update Request message) described in 3GPP TS 24.008 may be sent unciphered, any other frames sent unciphered shall be deleted. Once the encryption has been started, neither the MS nor the network shall go to an unciphered session. + +### D.4.6 Synchronisation + +The enciphering stream at one end and the deciphering stream at the other end must be synchronised, for the enciphering bit stream and the deciphering bit streams to coincide. Synchronisation is guaranteed by driving Algorithm GPRS-A5 by an explicit variable INPUT per established LLC and direction. + +These initial INPUT values shall not be identical for the different LLC link. The initial INPUT value shall be determined by the network. It may be identical for uplink and downlink value because the direction is given to the ciphering algorithm as described in 3GPP TS 41.061 and illustrated on the figure D.4.2. In a given direction, the INPUT value shall be unique for each frame. + +The calculation of the INPUT value is described in GSM. The use of the INPUT value is described in 3GPP TS 41.061 and illustrated on the figure D.4.2. + +![Diagram illustrating the use of the INPUT parameter for ciphering and deciphering. It shows two parallel processes: one for the SGSN/MS side and one for the MS/SGSN side. Each side has a 'CIPHER ALGORITHM' block that takes 'INPUT', 'DIRECTION', and 'Kc / Kc_128' as inputs. The output of the algorithm is XORed with 'PLAIN TEXT' to produce 'CIPHERED TEXT'. The 'CIPHERED TEXT' from one side is then XORed with the output of the algorithm on the other side to produce 'PLAIN TEXT'.](cbefcea7209aad70adeda96999ecffde_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the flow of data through ciphering and deciphering processes. On the left, labeled 'SGSN/MS', 'PLAIN TEXT' enters an XOR symbol (circle with an X). The other input to this XOR symbol is the 'OUTPUT' of a 'CIPHER ALGORITHM' block. This block receives three inputs: 'INPUT', 'DIRECTION', and 'Kc / Kc\_128'. The output of the XOR symbol is 'CIPHERED TEXT'. On the right, labeled 'MS/SGSN', 'CIPHERED TEXT' enters another XOR symbol. The other input to this XOR symbol is also the 'OUTPUT' of a 'CIPHER ALGORITHM' block, which similarly receives 'INPUT', 'DIRECTION', and 'Kc / Kc\_128' as inputs. The output of this XOR symbol is 'PLAIN TEXT'. Arrows indicate the flow of data from left to right between the two sides. + +Diagram illustrating the use of the INPUT parameter for ciphering and deciphering. It shows two parallel processes: one for the SGSN/MS side and one for the MS/SGSN side. Each side has a 'CIPHER ALGORITHM' block that takes 'INPUT', 'DIRECTION', and 'Kc / Kc\_128' as inputs. The output of the algorithm is XORed with 'PLAIN TEXT' to produce 'CIPHERED TEXT'. The 'CIPHERED TEXT' from one side is then XORed with the output of the algorithm on the other side to produce 'PLAIN TEXT'. + +Figure D.4.2: Use of the INPUT parameter + +### D.4.7 Inter SGSN routing area update + +When an Inter SGSN routing area update occurs, the necessary information (e.g. key Kc, INPUT parameters) is transmitted within the system infrastructure to enable the communication to proceed from the old SGSN to the new one, and the Synchronisation procedure is resumed. The key Kc may remain unchanged at Inter SGSN routing area update. Since Kc128 is not transferred between SGSNs at inter SGSN routing area update, but re-calculated by the target SGSN from the received CK/IK, it remains the same. + +### D.4.8 Negotiation of GPRS-A5 algorithm + +Not more than seven versions of the GPRS-A5 algorithm will be defined. + +When an MS wishes to establish a connection with the network, the MS shall indicate to the network which version(s) of the GPRS-A5 algorithm it supports. The negotiation of GPRS-A5 algorithm happens during the authentication procedure. + +The network may renegotiate the version of the GPRS-A5 algorithm in use at inter SGSN routing area update by performing an authentication procedure. + +The network shall compare its ciphering capabilities and preferences, and any special requirements of the subscription of the MS, with those indicated by the MS and may take one of the following decisions: + +- 1) If the MS and the network have no versions of the GPRS A5 algorithm in common and the network is not prepared to use an unciphered connection, then the connection is released. +- 2) If the MS and the network have at least one version of the GPRS A5 algorithm in common, then the network shall select one of the mutually acceptable versions of the GPRS A5 algorithms for use on that connection. +- 3) If the MS and the network have no versions of the GPRS A5 algorithm in common and the network is willing to use an unciphered version, then an unciphered connection shall be used. + +Since the use of 128-bit ciphering algorithms (e.g., GEA4) requires that the MS is in UMTS security context, the SGSN shall not select GEA4 if the SGSN does not share a UMTS security context with the MS. + +### D.4.9 Support of GPRS-A5 Algorithms in MS + +It is mandatory for GEA3 and non-encrypted mode (i.e. GEA0) to be implemented in mobile stations. GEA2 and GEA4 may be implemented in the mobile stations. GEA1 shall not be implemented in mobile stations. + +NOTE: It is strongly discouraged to support GEA2 in mobile stations. + +No other GPRS encryption algorithms shall be supported in mobile stations. + +## D.5 Synthetic summary + +Figure D.5.1 shows in a synopsis a routing area updating procedure with all elements pertaining to security functions, i.e. to TLLI management, authentication and GPRS-Kc management. + +![Sequence diagram of the routing area updating procedure involving MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, and HPLMN.](742a5484e7dd016256ab99921bbd635d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSNn + participant SGSNo + participant HPLMN + Note left of MS: Ki + MS->>SGSNn: RAI, TLLIo, Routing area updating + SGSNn->>SGSNo: RAI, TLLIo + SGSNo->>SGSNn: IMSI, RAND, SRES, GPRS-Kc + SGSNn->>MS: RAND + MS->>A3A8: + A3A8->>SGSNn: SRES + Note right of SGSNn: = + Note right of SGSNn: yes + SGSNn->>start of ciphering: + start of ciphering->>HPLMN: Update location + HPLMN->>start of ciphering: Acknowledge + start of ciphering->>Allocation of TLLIn: + Allocation of TLLIn->>SGSNn: + SGSNn->>MS: Routing area update Accept + MS->>SGSNn: TLLI acknowledge + SGSNo->>HPLMN: Cancellation + HPLMN->>De-allocation of TLLIo: + De-allocation of TLLIo->>SGSNo: + SGSNo->>MS: GPRS-Kc + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the routing area updating procedure. It begins with the MS (Mobile Station) sending a 'Routing area updating' message with RAI and TLLIo to the SGSNn (SGSN of the new area). The SGSNn then forwards this to the SGSNo (SGSN of the old area). The SGSNo responds with IMSI, RAND, SRES, and GPRS-Kc. The SGSNn sends the RAND to the MS. The MS sends a response to the A3&A8 (Authentication and Ciphering) unit, which then sends the SRES to the SGSNn. A comparison (=) is made, and if 'yes', the 'start of ciphering' process begins. The SGSNn sends an 'Update location' message to the HPLMN (Home PLMN), which responds with an 'Acknowledge'. The SGSNn then proceeds to the 'Allocation of TLLIn' (Temporary Layer 3 Identity Network) process. The SGSNn sends a 'Routing area update Accept' to the MS, which responds with a 'TLLI acknowledge'. The SGSNo sends a 'Cancellation' message to the HPLMN, which leads to the 'De-allocation of TLLIo' (Temporary Layer 3 Identity Old) process. Finally, the SGSNo sends the GPRS-Kc to the MS. + +Sequence diagram of the routing area updating procedure involving MS, SGSNn, SGSNo, and HPLMN. + +Figure D.5.1: Routing area updating procedure + +## D.6 Security of the GPRS backbone + +The operator is responsible for the security of its own Intra-PLMN backbone which includes all network elements and physical connections. The operator shall prevent unauthorised access to its Intra-PLMN backbone. A secure Intra-PLMN backbone guarantees that no intruder can eavesdrop or modify user information and signalling in the Intra-PLMN backbone. + +The GPRS architecture utilises GPRS tunnelling and private IP addressing within the backbone to restrict unauthorised access to the backbone. User traffic addressed to a network element shall be discarded. Firewall functionality may provide these means at the access points (Gi reference point and Gp interface) of the Intra-PLMN backbone. + +The Inter-PLMN links shall be negotiated between operators as part of the roaming agreement. They shall ensure that the Inter-PLMN links are secure providing integrity and confidentiality. For example, secure links can be achieved by point to point links, private Inter-PLMN backbones or encrypted tunnels over the public Internet. + +Operators shall be able to determine the origin of packets coming from the inter-PLMN backbone. One example is to use a Frame Relay PVC between two operators. + +# --- Annex E (normative): GSM Cordless Telephony System (CTS), (Phase 1); Security related network functions; Stage 2 + +This annex is defining the security related service and functions for the GSM Cordless Telephone System (CTS). + +**This annex is only applicable if CTS is supported.** + +--- + +## E.1 Introduction + +### E.1.1 Scope + +This annex specifies the functions needed to provide the security related services and functions specified in 3GPP TS 42.056. + +### E.1.2 References + +- [1] 3GPP TS 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 42.056: "GSM Cordless Telephone System (CTS) Phase 1; Service Description; Stage 1". +- [3] 3GPP TS 42.009: " Security Aspects". +- [4] GSM 03.56: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); GSM Cordless Telephone System (CTS), Phase 1; CTS Architecture Description; Stage 2". +- [5] 3GPP TS 51.011: " Specification of the Subscriber Identity Module- Mobile Equipment (SIM-ME) interface". +- [6] CCITT Recommendation T.50: "International Alphabet No. 5". (ISO 646: 1983, Information processing - ISO 7-bits coded characters set for information interchange). +- [7] 3GPP TS 43.020: " Security related network functions"; +- [8] 3GPP TS 44.057: " CTS supervising system layer 3 specification ". + +### E.1.3 Definitions and Abbreviations + +#### E.1.3.1 Definitions + +The following list gives definitions which are used in this annex. For additional definitions related to CTS refer to the CTS stage 1 specification 3GPP TS 42.056. + +**Attachment:** Attachment is the procedure where a CTS-MS accesses a CTS-FP either for local or over the fixed network communication or signalling. This procedure applies to CTS-MSs that have already been enrolled onto the CTS-FP. + +**CTS license exempt band:** A frequency band that may be allocated by national regulator to CTS usage outside of a GSM license allocated to a GSM operator. + +**CTS licensed band:** A frequency band that can be reserved by the operator for GSM-CTS usage or can be shared with the cellular system. + +**CTS Local security system:** The term CTS local security system is used to describe all security aspects of a CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair. + +**CTS Operator:** This term is used in this annex for any operator performing supervising security tasks in the CTS e.g. control of the CTS subscription or control of the CTS frequency usage. It is not considered here if this is one and the + +same PLMN operator for all supervising security tasks. However the security functions introduced here shall not restrict the system to be controlled by one specific PLMN operator. + +**CTS Supervising security system:** The term CTS supervising security system is used to describe all security aspects of operation control of the local CTS from the GSM PLMN. + +**CTS-FP:** The CTS Fixed Part consisting of the CTS-FPE and the FP-SIM. + +**CTS-MS:** The CTS Mobile Station consisting of the CTS-ME and the MS-SIM. + +**Enrolment:** The enrolment of a CTS-MS onto a CTS-FP is the procedure where a CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair is established locally and under the control of the CTS operator if license exempt band is used. A CTS-MS can only enrol onto a CTS-FP that has already been initialised. + +**FP-SIM:** The SIM\_FP is a GSM Phase 2+ SIM with additional data stored to allow CTS operation. This card is inserted in the CTS-FPE. The FP-SIM is only used in case of licensed band. + +**IFPSI:** The IFPSI is a CTS specific subscriber identity stored in the FP-SIM card. + +**Initialisation:** The initialisation of a CTS-FP is the procedure where the CTS-FP receives the necessary data to provide CTS service. + +**Local CTS:** This term is used to describe all aspects of a CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair as seen from outside (from the GSM PLMN) + +**MS-SIM:** The SIM\_MS is a normal GSM Phase 2+ SIM according to 3GPP TS 51.011 with additional data stored to allow CTS operation. This card is inserted in the CTS-ME. + +**Operation data:** This term is used as a place holder for any kind of data which is used to control CTS. The definition of this data, if it is not directly related to the CTS security aspects, is defined in other parts of the CTS specifications. + +#### E.1.3.2 Abbreviations + +The following list describes the abbreviations and acronyms used in this annex. The GSM abbreviations defined in 3GPP TS 21.905 and in the CTS stage 1 specification 3GPP TS 42.056 are not included below. + +| | | +|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| B1 | CTS ciphering key generation algorithm | +| B2 | CTS authentication key generation algorithm | +| B3 | CTS authentication algorithm (calculating the signed response of the CTS-FP challenge CH1) | +| B4 | CTS authentication algorithm (calculating the signed response of the CTS-MS challenge CH2) | +| B5 | CTS message authentication algorithm (for the authentication of the CTS-FP by the CTS-SN) | +| B6 | CTS message authentication algorithm (for the authentication of the signature issued by the CTS-SN) | +| CH1 | CTS random Challenge value of the CTS-FP | +| CH2 | CTS random Challenge value of the CTS-MS | +| CTS HLR | CTS Home Location Register Functional Entity | +| CTS-FP | CTS-Fixed Part | +| CTS-FPE | CTS-Fixed Part Equipment | +| CTS-ME | CTS-Mobile Equipment | +| CTSMSI | CTS Mobile Subscriber Identity related to the x-th CTS-MS enrolled on a CTS-FP | +| CTS-PIN | CTS-Personal Identification Number | +| CTS-SN | | +| FPAC | Fixed part authorisation code (derived from the CTS-PIN) | +| FP-SIM | Fixed Part CTS-Subscriber Identity Module | +| IFPEI | International Fixed Part Equipment Identity | +| IFPSI | International Fixed Part Subscription Identity | +| Ka | CTS authentication key related to the x-th CTS-MS enrolled on a CTS-FP | +| Kc | CTS ciphering key related to the CTS-MS enrolled on a CTS-FP | +| K IFP | CTS subscription authentication key (used for authentication of the CTS-FP by the CTS operator) | +| K OP | Secret key used to validate tokens signed by the operator | +| MS-SIM | Mobile CTS-Subscriber Identity Module | +| R IFP | CTS Random Initial value sent from the CTS-MS to the CTS-FP | +| R IMS | CTS Random Initial value sent from the CTS-FP to the CTS-MS | + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| SRES1 | CTS Signed RESponse of the CTS-FP's CH1 and the Ka of the CTS-MS | +| SRES2 | CTS Signed RESponse of the CTS-MS's CH2 and the Ka of the CTS-FP | +| Tval | | +| XSRES1 | CTS Signed RESponse of the CTS-FP's CH1 and the Ka of the CTS-FP (to be compared with SRES1) | +| XSRES2 | CTS Signed RESponse of the CTS-MS's CH2 and the Ka of the CTS-MS (to be compared with SRES2) | + +## --- E.2 General + +In 3GPP TS 42.056 the CTS service is introduced and security service requirements are listed. Based on this, the CTS security system can be seen as a set of two subsystems, the CTS local security system and the CTS supervising security system. + +The local security system deals with aspects of CTS-MS/CTS-FP pairs. It is related to security aspects of the CTS user. The different CTS local security services, functions and procedures that are listed in 3GPP TS 42.056 are grouped as follows: + +- MS subscriber identity confidentiality; +- identity authentication (including the MS subscriber identity - and the FP subscriber identity authentication); +- confidentiality of user and signalling information between CTS-MS and CTS-FP. + +These functions are part of the following procedures: + +- local part of the CTS enrolment/de-enrolment procedures; +- access procedure of a CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair. + +When licensed band is used, the supervising security system deals with aspects of network security. It is related to security aspects of the CTS operator. The different CTS supervising security services, functions and procedures that are listed in 3GPP TS 42.056 are grouped as follow: + +- identity authentication with the CTS operator (including the FP subscriber authentication and if required the MS subscriber authentication with the GSM operator); +- secure operation control; +- subscription Control; +- equipment checking (IMEI, IFPEI). + +These functions are part of the following procedures: + +- CTS system initialisation/de-initialisation procedures; +- CTS supervising security part of the CTS enrolment procedure; +- CTS-FP/CTS-SN Access procedure; + +General comments on the figures in this annex: + +- in the figures below, signalling exchanges are referred by functional names; +- signalling refers to exchange of information. This shall not imply any implementation of information elements and messages at this stage of the CTS specification. +- addressing fields are not given; all information relates to the signalling layer. + +## --- E.3 CTS local security system + +The subclauses below are described under normal operation. Abnormal operation is described in document [4]. + +###### **The CTS local security applies for licensed band or license exempt band.** + +In the following sub-clauses the functions and procedures related to the CTS local security are defined. The following system elements and interfaces according to GSM 03.56 are involved: + +- The CTS-FP (consisting of the CTS-FPE and the FP-SIM); +- The CTS-MS (consisting of the CTS-ME and the MS-SIM); +- The CTS radio interface between the CTS-MS and the CTS-FP. + +### **E.3.1 Mobile Subscriber identity confidentiality** + +The purpose of this function is to avoid the possibility of an intruder identifying which subscriber is present on the CTS radio interface by listening to signalling exchanges or the user traffic. This allows both a high level of confidentiality for user data and signalling against the tracing of users. + +The provision of this function implies that the mobile subscriber identity (IMSI), or any information allowing a listener to derive the identity easily, should not normally be transmitted in clear text in any signalling message on the CTS radio interface. Consequently, to obtain the required level of protection, it is necessary that: + +- the subscriber identity (IMSI) is not normally used as an addressing method on the CTS radio interface (see 3GPP TS 42.009); +- when the signalling procedures and operating conditions (see GSM 03.56) permit it, signalling information elements that convey information about the mobile subscriber identity shall be ciphered for transmission on the CTS radio interface. + +#### **E.3.1.1 Identifying method** + +The means used to identify a mobile subscriber on the CTS radio interface consists of a CTSMISI (CTS Mobile Subscriber Identity). This CTSMISI is a local number, having a meaning only for a given CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair. + +The CTSMISI is assigned by the CTS-FP to the CTS-MS by signalling procedures at enrolment and is valid until updated by the CTS-FP. During normal operation, this CTSMISI identifies a CTS-MS uniquely among all CTS-MSs enrolled onto one CTS-FP. + +See also GSM 03.56. + +The CTS-MS shall store the CTSMISI in the MS-SIM, together with the IFPEI. + +The CTS-FP shall store the CTSMISI in the CTS-FPE, together with the IMEI and the IMSI. The IMEI is stored in order to allow tracking of mobile equipment as required in 3GPP TS 42.056. + +The storage requirements are given in clause E.9. + +#### **E.3.1.2 Procedures** + +This subclause presents the procedures, or elements of procedures, pertaining to the management of the CTSMISI with respect to the local security. + +##### **E.3.1.2.1 CTSMISI assignment** + +This procedure is part of the enrolment procedure of a CTS-MS onto a CTS-FP (see subclause E.3.4.1). + +The CTS-FP generates randomly a CTSMISI not equal to any of the existing CTSMISIs stored in the CTS-FP. The resulting CTSMISI is sent encrypted to the CTS-MS. + +##### **E.3.1.2.2 CTSMISI update** + +This procedure is part of general access procedure of a CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair. + +The CTSMISI shall be updated by the CTS-FP as part of each MS/FP signalling exchange in order to preserve identity confidentiality. The CTS-FP generates randomly a CTSMISI not equal to any of the existing CTSMISIs stored in the CTS-FP. The resulting CTSMISI is the new CTSMISI for the CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair and is sent encrypted to the + +accessing CTS-MS. The CTS-MS stores the new CTSMI on the MS-SIM. After successful storage, it acknowledges the update of the CTSMI to the CTS-FP. Upon reception of the acknowledgement from the CTS-MS, the CTS-FP stores the new CTSMI and deletes the old CTSMI. + +See also GSM 03.56. + +##### E.3.1.2.3 CTS local identification + +This procedure is part of general access procedures of a CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair. + +The CTS-MS transmits the CTSMI to the CTS-FP in the initial message in order to give its identity. + +If the CTS-MS announces a CTSMI which is unknown at the CTS-FP, then the CTS-FP requires the IMSI; if the IMSI is unknown, the CTS-FP shall deny access to that CTS-MS. The CTS-FP may consider that the CTS-MS is not enrolled into it. + +The reason that the CTSMI is unknown is generally not a matter of security and not considered here. + +See also GSM 03.56. + +### E.3.2 Identity authentication + +According to the definitions given in 3GPP TS 42.056, a local mutual authentication is required, containing both, the authentication of the mobile subscriber identity at the CTS-FP and the authentication of the CTS-FP identity at the CTS-MS. + +It can be noted that the IMSI is not tied to the equipment identity (IMEI) as the security related data derived from the enrolment procedure are stored on the MS-SIM; therefore a subscriber can remove his MS-SIM card and insert it in another CTS-MS without locally re-enrolling onto the CTS-FP. + +The authentication procedure will also be used to set the ciphering key (see subclause E.3.3). + +#### E.3.2.1 The mutual authentication procedure + +A pre-condition of the procedure described below is, that both involved parties, the CTS-MS and the CTS-FP share the knowledge of the authentication key Ka. + +The authentication procedure consists of the following exchange between the CTS-FP and the CTS-MS: + +- The CTS-FP transmits an unpredictable number CH1 to the CTS-MS; +- The CTS-MS transmits an unpredictable number CH2 to the CTS-FP; +- The CTS-MS computes the response SRES1 from CH1 and the individual authentication key Ka using the algorithm B3; +- The CTS-FP computes the expected response XSRES1 from CH1 and the individual authentication key Ka using the algorithm B3; +- The CTS-MS transmits SRES1 to the CTS-FP; +- The CTS-FP tests SRES1 for validity, i.e. it compares SRES1 and XSRES1; +- The CTS-FP computes the response SRES2 from CH2 and the individual authentication key Ka using the algorithm B4; +- The CTS-MS computes the expected response XSRES2 from CH2 and the individual authentication key Ka using the algorithm B4; +- The CTS-FP transmits SRES2 to the CTS-MS; +- The CTS-MS tests SRES2 for validity, i.e. it compares SRES2 and XSRES2. + +Note that the order of transmission of information as mentioned above and as shown in the figure shall not imply any implementation. Protocols to exchange the information shall be implemented with respect to efficiency of calculation time and effective messaging. + +![Figure E1: General mutual authentication procedure diagram. The diagram shows two main entities: CTS-MS (left) and CTS-FP (right), both sharing knowledge of the Ka key. They are connected via a CTS Radio Interface. The CTS-MS sends CH2 to the CTS-FP, and the CTS-FP sends CH1 to the CTS-MS. Both entities have internal blocks B3 and B4. The CTS-MS's B3 block sends SRES1 to an equality block (=), which also receives XSRES1 from the CTS-FP's B3 block. The CTS-MS's B4 block sends XSRES2 to another equality block (=), which also receives SRES2 from the CTS-FP's B4 block. Both equality blocks output Yes/No. The Ka key is shown being used by both B3 and B4 blocks on both sides.](5e9af8986a5845504f251d3079da8078_img.jpg) + +Figure E1: General mutual authentication procedure diagram. The diagram shows two main entities: CTS-MS (left) and CTS-FP (right), both sharing knowledge of the Ka key. They are connected via a CTS Radio Interface. The CTS-MS sends CH2 to the CTS-FP, and the CTS-FP sends CH1 to the CTS-MS. Both entities have internal blocks B3 and B4. The CTS-MS's B3 block sends SRES1 to an equality block (=), which also receives XSRES1 from the CTS-FP's B3 block. The CTS-MS's B4 block sends XSRES2 to another equality block (=), which also receives SRES2 from the CTS-FP's B4 block. Both equality blocks output Yes/No. The Ka key is shown being used by both B3 and B4 blocks on both sides. + +**Figure E1: General mutual authentication procedure** + +##### E.3.2.1.1 Authentication failure + +An authentication failure (from security point of view) occurs, if: + +- The CTS-MS and the CTS-FP have different $K_a$ ; +- The algorithm B3 or B4 are not implemented as specified (i.e. non type approved equipment). + +In this case the side which has detected the failure shall indicate "authentication failure" to the other side and cancel the connection with the other side. + +#### E.3.2.2 Authentication Key management. + +The $K_a$ associated with a CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair is generated randomly during enrolment procedure as described in subclause E.3.4.1. As defined in 3GPP TS 42.056, keys of the CTS shall be controlled by the PLMN operator. In order to fulfil this requirement, all relevant information to reproduce $K_a$ is transmitted to the PLMN operator as described in subclause E.3.4.1 and in subclause E.4. + +### E.3.3 Confidentiality of user information and signalling between CTS-MS and CTS-FP + +In 3GPP TS 42.056 some signalling information is considered sensitive and must be protected. + +The needs for a protected mode of transmission are fulfilled with an OSI layer 1 confidentiality function. The scheme described below assumes that the signalling information is transmitted on a dedicated channel. + +Four points have to be specified: + +- the ciphering method; +- the key setting; +- the starting of the enciphering and deciphering algorithms; +- the synchronisation. + +#### E.3.3.1 The ciphering method + +The OSI layer 1 data flow (transmitted on a dedicated channel) is ciphered on a bit by bit basis or stream cipher; i.e.; the data flow on the CTS radio interface is obtained by the bit per bit binary addition of the user data flow and the ciphering bit stream generated by the algorithm A5/2 using a key determined as specified in subclause E.10.1. The key is denoted below by $K_c$ and is called the CTS Ciphering Key. The $K_c$ is specific to one CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair. + +Deciphering is performed by exactly the same method. + +Algorithm A5/2 is one of the A5 algorithms specified in 3GPP TS 43.020, Annex C. Only A5/2 algorithm is supported on the CTS-FP to enable local ciphering. The CTS-MS supports at least the A5/2 algorithm. + +#### E.3.3.2 Key setting + +Mutual key setting is the procedure that allows the CTS-MS and the CTS-FP to agree on the key $K_c$ to use in the ciphering and deciphering algorithm A5/2. + +A key setting is triggered by the mutual authentication procedure. + +Key setting must occur on a channel not yet encrypted and as soon as the CTSSMSI is known by the CTS-FP. + +$K_c$ is generated using CH1, the algorithm B1 and the CTS Authentication key $K_a$ , as defined in subclause E.10.1. $K_c$ is stored in the CTS-MS and the CTS-FP as described in subclause E.8. + +![Diagram illustrating the Cipher Key setting process. The diagram shows three main components: CTS-MS, CTS Radio Interface, and CTS-FP. The CTS-MS and CTS-FP both have an input Ka. The CTS-MS's Ka goes to a block labeled B1, which outputs Kc, which is then stored in CTS-MS. The CTS-FP's Ka goes to a block labeled B1, which outputs Kc, which is then stored in CTS-FP. The CTS Radio Interface is shown as a central vertical dashed line, with a horizontal line labeled CH1 connecting the CTS-MS and CTS-FP to it.](4f2887d5043c0923cf5b37ca0d80c60b_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + subgraph CTS-MS + Ka1[Ka] --> B1_1[B1] + B1_1 --> Kc1[Kc] + Kc1 --> StoreKc1[Store Kc in CTS-MS] + end + subgraph CTS-FP + Ka2[Ka] --> B1_2[B1] + B1_2 --> Kc2[Kc] + Kc2 --> StoreKc2[Store Kc in CTS-FP] + end + CTS-MS[CTS-MS] --- CH1[CH1] + CTS-FP[CTS-FP] --- CH1 + CH1 -.-> CTS_Radio[CTS Radio Interface] + +``` + +Diagram illustrating the Cipher Key setting process. The diagram shows three main components: CTS-MS, CTS Radio Interface, and CTS-FP. The CTS-MS and CTS-FP both have an input Ka. The CTS-MS's Ka goes to a block labeled B1, which outputs Kc, which is then stored in CTS-MS. The CTS-FP's Ka goes to a block labeled B1, which outputs Kc, which is then stored in CTS-FP. The CTS Radio Interface is shown as a central vertical dashed line, with a horizontal line labeled CH1 connecting the CTS-MS and CTS-FP to it. + +Figure E2: Cipher Key setting + +#### E.3.3.3 Starting of the ciphering and deciphering processes + +The CTS-MS and the CTS-FP must co-ordinate the instants at which the enciphering and deciphering processes start. This procedure takes place under control of the CTS-FP some time after the completion of the authentication procedure. No information elements for which protection is needed must be sent before the ciphering and deciphering processes are operating. + +The transition from clear text mode to ciphered mode proceeds as follows: + +The CTS-FP starts deciphering and sends in clear text to the CTS-MS a specific message, here called "Start cipher". After the message "Start cipher" has been correctly received by the CTS-MS, the CTS-MS will commence both the enciphering and deciphering. Finally, enciphering in the CTS-FP starts as soon as a frame or a message from the CTS-MS has been correctly deciphered at the CTS-FP. + +The starting of enciphering and deciphering processes is shown in figure E3. + +![Sequence diagram showing the starting of enciphering and deciphering processes between CTS-MS, CTS Radio Interface, and CTS-FP.](347010b7ac06d3ae97927fde0f784d7c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CTS-MS + participant CTS-Radio-Interface as CTS Radio Interface + participant CTS-FP + Note right of CTS-FP: Start deciphering + CTS-FP->>CTS-MS: "Start cipher" + Note left of CTS-MS: Start deciphering and Start enciphering + CTS-MS->>CTS-FP: ciphered frame + Note right of CTS-FP: deciphering + Note right of CTS-FP: o.k. + Note right of CTS-FP: Start enciphering + Note over CTS-MS, CTS-FP: ciphered connection + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of operations to start enciphering and deciphering. It involves three main entities: CTS-MS, CTS Radio Interface, and CTS-FP. The process begins with the CTS-FP sending a 'Start deciphering' message. The CTS-FP then sends a 'Start cipher' message to the CTS-MS. The CTS-MS responds with 'Start deciphering and Start enciphering'. The CTS-MS then sends a 'ciphered frame' to the CTS-FP. The CTS-FP performs 'deciphering', sends an 'o.k.' response, and then performs 'Start enciphering'. Finally, a 'ciphered connection' is established between the CTS-MS and the CTS-FP. + +Sequence diagram showing the starting of enciphering and deciphering processes between CTS-MS, CTS Radio Interface, and CTS-FP. + +Figure E3: Starting of the enciphering and deciphering processes + +#### E.3.3.4 Synchronisation + +The ciphering stream at one end and the deciphering stream at the other end must be synchronised, for the enciphering bit stream and the deciphering bit stream to coincide. The underlying synchronisation scheme is described in 3GPP TS 43.020, Annex C. + +### E.3.4 Structured procedures with CTS local security relevance + +The following structured procedures are mainly related to the local security or at least involve CTS local security functions and procedures. + +#### E.3.4.1 Local Part of the Enrolment of a CTS-MS onto a CTS-FP + +According to 3GPP TS 42.056 and GSM 03.56 the CTS-MS/CTS-FP enrolment is the procedure, which generates an association between a certain CTS-MS and a certain CTS-FP, i.e. a CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair is established. The following CTS local security aspects are covered by the enrolment: + +- The enrolment includes a means of authorisation to use the CTS-FP, i.e. the CTS-PIN is necessary in the enrolment procedure. It is mandatory that the CTS-PIN is activated. +- The authentication key Ka is generated and distributed to the CTS-MS and the CTS-FP. +- The CTSMSI is initially allocated and submitted from the CTS-FP to the CTS-MS +- The IFPEI is transmitted from the CTS-FP to the CTS-MS. + +##### E.3.4.1.1 Local part of the enrolment procedure + +The procedure described assumes that the CTS-MS or the CTS-FP have the knowledge of the radio parameters to be used on the CTS radio interface to enable initial connection (see 3GPP TS 42.056 and GSM 03.56). + +As specified in 3GPP TS 42.056 and GSM 03.56, only a CTS-MS subscribed to an operator which has roaming agreement with the CTS-FP's operator shall be allowed to enrol to that CTS-FP. + +The following procedure is followed: + +- An enrolment state is triggered by MMI at the CTS-MS and at the CTS-FP; +- The user enters the CTS-PIN at the CTS-MS; +- The CTS-MS derives the FPAC from the CTS-PIN. The FPAC also resides in the CTS-FP, thus the knowledge of the CTS-PIN gives authorisation to perform enrolment; +- An initial connection is established on the CTS radio interface; +- The CTS-MS and the CTS-FP exchange random initial values ( $R_{IMS}$ and $R_{IFP}$ ); +- The CTS-MS and the CTS-FP both calculate an authentication key $K_a = B2(FPAC, R_{IMS}, R_{IFP})$ ; +- The CTS-MS and CTS-FP perform a mutual authentication according to subclause 3.2.1 using $K_a$ . Since $K_a$ is derived from the CTS-PIN, this mutual authentication proves the authorisation of the user; +- The CTS-MS and CTS-FP determine a ciphering key $K_c = B1(K_a, R_{IMS})$ and switch to ciphering mode according to the procedure described in subclause E.3.3; +- The CTS-MS transmits (encrypted) to the CTS-FP the IMSI, and the IMEI; +- In order to avoid double enrolment, the CTS-FP checks if the IMSI is already enrolled; +- The CTS-FP checks the GSM operator's identity of the CTS-MS and determines whether the CTS-MS subscriber is allowed to enrol on that CTS-FP; +- In case of licensed band the Supervising part of the enrolment is performed if required (see subclause E.4.4.3.4.); +- The CTS-FP determines the CTSMISI; +- The CTS-FP transmits (encrypted) the $K_a$ , the IFPEI and the CTSMISI; +- The CTS-MS stores the $K_a$ , the CTSMISI and the IFPEI on the MS-SIM; +- The CTS-FP stores the $K_a$ , the IMSI, the IMEI, CTSMISI in a non volatile memory of the CTS-FPE; +- The enrolment procedure is completed (possible non security related procedures). + +If a failure occurs during this local security procedure, intermediate values related to this procedure shall be deleted and the enrolment shall be aborted. + +![Sequence diagram of the local part of the enrolment procedure involving CTS-MS, CTS Radio Interface, CTS-FP, and CTS-SN.](2a476a0b3dbc3429436246db4784ff9f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS as CTS-MS + participant RI as CTS Radio Interface + participant FP as CTS-FP + participant SN as CTS-SN + + Note over MS: Enter user MMI + Note over MS: Enter CTS-PIN + Note over MS: Derive FPAC from CTS-PIN + rect rgb(255, 255, 255) + Note over MS, FP: Establish initial connection on the CTS radio interface + end + FP->>MS: R_IMS + MS->>FP: R_IFP + Note over MS: Calculate K_INIT=B2(FPAC, R_IMS, R_IFP) + Note over FP: Calculate K_INIT=B2(FPAC, R_IMS, R_IFP) + rect rgb(255, 255, 255) + Note over MS, FP: Mutual authentication CTS-MS/CTS-FP using K_INIT + end + Note over MS: Calculate Kcx=B1(K_INIT, R_IMS) + Note over FP: Calculate Kcx=B1(K_INIT, R_IMS) + Note over MS, FP: Ciphered connection + MS->>FP: IMSI, IMEI + Note right of FP: Supervising part of the enrolment procedure + Note over FP: Determine CTSMSI + FP->>MS: CTSMSI, Ka, IFPEI + Note over MS: Store MS-SIM : Ka, CTSMSI, IFPEI + Note over FP: Store CTS-FPE : Kax, CTSMSI, IMSI, IMEI + rect rgb(255, 255, 255) + Note over MS, FP: Finish enrolment procedure + end + +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the local part of the enrolment procedure. It begins with external inputs 'Enter user MMI' and 'Enter CTS-PIN' to the CTS-MS. The CTS-MS then derives FPAC from the PIN and establishes an initial connection on the CTS radio interface. The CTS-FP sends $R_{IMS}$ to the CTS-MS, which responds with $R_{IFP}$ . Both entities calculate $K_{INIT} = B2(FPAC, R_{IMS}, R_{IFP})$ and perform mutual authentication. Subsequently, both calculate $K_{cx} = B1(K_{INIT}, R_{IMS})$ and establish a ciphered connection. The CTS-MS sends IMSI and IMEI to the CTS-FP. The CTS-SN supervises the enrolment procedure, and the CTS-FP determines the CTSMSI, then sends CTSMSI, $K_a$ , and IFPEI to the CTS-MS. Finally, the CTS-MS stores MS-SIM data ( $K_a$ , CTSMSI, IFPEI) and the CTS-FP stores CTS-FPE data ( $K_{ax}$ , CTSMSI, IMSI, IMEI), concluding the enrolment procedure. + +Sequence diagram of the local part of the enrolment procedure involving CTS-MS, CTS Radio Interface, CTS-FP, and CTS-SN. + +**Figure E4: Local part of the enrolment procedure** + +#### E.3.4.2 General Access procedure + +Once the CTS-MS is enrolled onto a CTS-FP, the CTS-MS may access the CTS-FP for user communication on the fixed network or for local CTS related procedures or as part of the local security for CTS supervising procedures. The access procedures shall generally involve the following sub-procedures: + +- Identification as described in subclause E.3.1.2; +- Mutual authentication using the $K_a$ defined during the enrolment in order to authenticate the identities on the CTS radio interface as described in subclause E.3.2.1; +- Generation of a new $K_c$ and starting to cipher the link on the CTS radio interface as described in subclause E.3.3; +- Update of the CTSMSI because it has been used in clear text for identification, as described in subclause E.3.1.2.2; + +![Sequence diagram showing the General Access procedure between CTS-MS and CTS-FP.](350dece6293a0ac3d4c9e4bf41eefa5d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS as CTS-MS + participant RI as CTS Radio Interface + participant FP as CTS-FP + + Note over MS, FP: Identification + MS->>RI: + RI->>FP: + MS-->MS: OK + FP-->FP: OK + + Note over MS, FP: Mutual CTS-MS/CTS-FP authentication using Ka + MS->>RI: + RI->>FP: + MS-->MS: OK + FP-->FP: OK + + Note left of MS: Compute Kc = B1(Ka, CH1) and +switch to encryption + Note right of FP: Compute Kc = B1(Ka, CH1) and +switch to encryption + + Note over MS, FP: ciphered connection + + Note over MS, FP: CTSMSI update procedure + MS->>RI: + RI->>FP: + MS-->MS: OK + FP-->FP: OK + +``` + +The diagram depicts the interaction between CTS-MS and CTS-FP across the CTS Radio Interface. It consists of four main stages: + 1. **Identification**: Both sides reach an 'OK' state. + 2. **Mutual Authentication**: Using $K_a$ , both sides reach an 'OK' state. + 3. **Encryption Setup**: Both sides compute $K_c = B1(K_a, CH1)$ and switch to encryption. This establishes a 'ciphered connection' (shown as an oval). + 4. **CTSMSI Update**: Within the ciphered connection, the CTSMSI update procedure is performed, ending in 'OK' for both sides. + +Sequence diagram showing the General Access procedure between CTS-MS and CTS-FP. + +**Figure E5: The general access procedure** + +Authentication and start of ciphered connection shall usually be performed before any sensitive signalling data or user data is transmitted on the CTS radio interface. In the following sub-subclauses, some specific access procedures are described with respect the CTS local security. + +##### E.3.4.2.1 Attachment + +The attachment procedure is used to attach a CTS-MS to a CTS-FP. A pre-condition is, that the CTS-MS is enrolled with the CTS-FP. + +The attachment procedure shall be performed whenever the CTS-MS is switched on within the range of a CTS-FP or when it comes into the range of the CTS-FP. + +The attachment procedure shall include all sub-procedures of the general access procedure as described above. + +Additionally the IMEI of the CTS-MS may be transmitted to the CTS-FP at attachment, in order to support the tracking or IMEI as described in subclause E.4.5. + +##### E.3.4.2.2 CTS local security data update + +The CTS local security data update procedure is performed in order to determine a new temporary identity CTSSMSI and a new cipher key Kc. This procedure may be a part of a non security related procedure or it is used for the main purpose of local security data update. + +A regular CTSSMSI update procedure shall be defined in order to insure user confidentiality. + +The CTS local security data update contains all sub-procedures of the general access procedure. It is initiated by the CTS-FP. + +#### E.3.4.3 De-enrolment of a CTS-MS + +According to 3GPP TS 42.056 the de-enrolment of a CTS-MS is the procedure which cancels the association between a certain CTS-MS and a certain CTS-FP. + +A de-enrolment procedure of a CTS-MS from a CTS-FP can be either initiated by the CTS-FP (network or FP command) or by a user specific action to de-enrol one or several CTS-MS from a CTS-FP. + +##### E.3.4.3.1 De-enrolment initiated by the CTS-FP + +The following procedure is followed: + +- The CTS-FP sends a de-enrolment command to the CTS-MS; +- The CTS-MS and the CTS-FP perform mutual authentication according to subclause E.3.2.1 using Ka; +- The CTS-MS deletes data related to CTS-FP i.e. Ka, CTSSMSI, IFPEI, and confirms de-enrolment; +- The CTS-FP deletes data related to that CTS-MS i.e. Ka, CTSSMSI, IMSI, IMEI; +- The de-enrolment is completed (possible non security related procedures). + +##### E.3.4.3.2 De-enrolment initiated by a CTS-MS + +The de-enrolment procedure when initiated by a CTS-MS is an MMI procedure that requires the knowledge of the CTS-PIN. The following procedure applies: + +When remote MMI is used: + +- the user enters a specific de-enrolment menu or command at the CTS-MS; +- attachment is performed on the MS/FP interface; +- the user enters the CTS-PIN at the CTS-MS; +- The CTS-FP checks the CTS-PIN and sends a list of all enrolled CTS-MSs to the CTS-MS; +- The list is displayed at the CTS-MS and the user selects one (or several) CTS-MS(s) for de-enrolment; +- The list of CTS-MS(s) which are selected for de-enrolment, is sent to the CTS-FP; +- Data related to the de-enrolled CTS-MSs, i.e. the Ka, the IMSI, the CTSSMSI, the IMEI are deleted in the CTS-FP; +- The de-enrolment is completed (possible non security related procedures). + +## E.4 CTS supervising security system + +This subclause is applicable in case of licensed band only. + +In the following sub-clauses the functions and procedures related to the CTS supervising security are defined. The following system elements and interfaces according to GSM 03.56 are involved: + +- The CTS-FP (consisting of the CTS-FPE and the FP-SIM); +- The CTS-MS (consisting of the CTS-ME and the MS-SIM); +- The CTSHLR/AuC; +- The CTS-SN; +- The HLR/AuC; +- The CTS radio interface between the CTS-MS and the CTS-FP; +- The CTS fixed network interface; +- The GSM radio interface. + +### E.4.1 Supervision data and supervision data protection + +This sub-clause describes the mechanisms to be used by the CTS operator to set and modify the supervision data to be used in a CTS-MS/CTS-FP environment. + +#### E.4.1.1 Structure of supervision data + +Supervision data are sent as structured information elements which may consist of: + +- 1 Short commands, e.g., information data requests, identification, de-initialisation of the CTS-FP, de-enrolment of a CTS-MS, ...; +- 2 Download of data and parameters, e.g., radio parameters, timer settings, CTS-SN directory number; + +#### E.4.1.2 Supervision data protection + +The supervision data are protected by a signature. + +The signature of data is performed following a valid CTS-FP authentication by the CTS-SN as described in chapter E.4.3.1. + +The signature is performed using the B6 algorithm and a secret key $K_{op}$ shared between the CTS-SN and the CTS-FP. The secret key $K_{op}$ is generated during the CTS-FP authentication at the CTS-AuC using the authentication key $K_{i_{FP}}$ a random vector and the A8' algorithm: $K_{op} = A8'(K_{i_{FP}}, RAND1)$ . + +Data signature is performed using a random vector RAND2 generated by the CTS-FP, Data the sequence that has been signed, $K_{op}$ and the B6 algorithm. The concatenation of Data and RAND2 is referred to as Data2. + +Some data are associated with a validity period indication (relative time). Before the validity timer expires, the CTS-FP must contact the CTS-SN in order to update those data. + +It should be noted that supervision data carry data related to CTS subscription and therefore to the CTS-FP. + +Therefore, the operator will issue supervision data following a successful CTS-FP authentication by the CTS-HLR. + +![Sequence diagram showing the generation of the signature of the supervision data. The diagram involves three main entities: CTS-FP, CTS Fixed Network Interface, and CTS-SN. The CTS-FP and CTS-SN both have a secret key K_op. The CTS-FP sends a RAND2 message to the CTS-SN. The CTS-SN responds with Data2 = Data/RAND2. Both the CTS-FP and CTS-SN then use the B6 algorithm with their respective K_op keys to generate a MAC2 value. The CTS-FP's MAC2 is compared with the CTS-SN's MAC2 in an equality block (=). The result of the comparison is a Yes/No response.](3198cdf0dbe501c46fe0e4073c7d8451_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CTS-FP + participant CTS-FNI as CTS Fixed Network Interface + participant CTS-SN + Note left of CTS-FP: K_op + Note right of CTS-SN: K_op + CTS-FP->>CTS-SN: RAND2 + CTS-SN-->>CTS-FP: Data2=Data/RAND2 + CTS-FP->>B6_FP: B6 + CTS-SN->>B6_SN: B6 + B6_FP-->>Equality: MAC2 + B6_SN-->>Equality: MAC2 + Equality-->>CTS-FP: Yes/No? + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the generation of the signature of the supervision data. The diagram involves three main entities: CTS-FP, CTS Fixed Network Interface, and CTS-SN. The CTS-FP and CTS-SN both have a secret key K\_op. The CTS-FP sends a RAND2 message to the CTS-SN. The CTS-SN responds with Data2 = Data/RAND2. Both the CTS-FP and CTS-SN then use the B6 algorithm with their respective K\_op keys to generate a MAC2 value. The CTS-FP's MAC2 is compared with the CTS-SN's MAC2 in an equality block (=). The result of the comparison is a Yes/No response. + +Figure E6: Generation of the signature of the supervision data + +#### E.4.1.3 Key management + +The SIM card manufacturer delivers an FP-SIM card that includes a mechanism to authenticate the signature of the supervision data issued by the CTS-SN. This mechanism consists of the B6 algorithm that enables authentication of the signature using a secret key $K_{op}$ . + +This key is not accessible on the FP-SIM card. + +### E.4.2 CTS subscriber identity + +A CTS specific identity is assigned to a subscriber of the CTS service. This identity (IFPSI) enables unique identification of a CTS subscriber at communication with the CTS-SN. + +It can be noted that the subscription to the CTS service does not assume subscription of every CTS-MS that want to operate CTS on a given CTS-FP. There is one CTS subscription per CTS-FP, and therefore one identity to check no matter how many CTS-MS are enrolled to that CTS-FP. + +Nevertheless, the CTS operator may also require the authentication of the CTS-MS. + +And therefore the MS-SIM identity (IMSI) will identify a CTS-MS subscriber at communication with the CTS-SN. + +For more details see also GSM 03.56. + +### E.4.3 Identity authentication with the CTS operator and the PLMN + +According to the definitions given in 3GPP TS 42.056, the procedure of authentication of the FP-SIM is required for the CTS initialisation, CTS-MS enrolment onto a CTS-FP, and network access procedure (e.g. operation data update). + +Similarly, the procedure of authentication of the MS-SIM is required for the CTS-MS enrolment onto a CTS-FP. + +Additionally identity authentication may also be part of other CTS specific procedures. + +#### E.4.3.1 Authentication of the CTS-FP + +The authentication of the CTS-FP via the fixed network procedure consists of the following exchange between the CTS-FP and the CTS-HLR through the CTS-SN: + +- The CTS-FP sends the IFPSI to the CTS-HLR through the fixed line and through the CTS-SN; +- The CTS-AuC computes the authentication result (SRES) using the $K_{IFP}$ key associated to the IFPSI and a random challenge (RAND); + +- The CTS-SN receives from the CTS-HLR the authentication vector (SRES (1, ..., n), RAND (1, ..., n)) according to the general authentication procedure described in 3GPP TS 43.020; +- The CTS-SN transmits a RAND1 and a random value Data1 to the CTS-FP via the fixed network; +- The CTS-FP and the CTS-HLR generate a key Kop derived from the KiFP and using A8' algorithm; +- The CTS-FP performs an authentication using Kop and B5 computes the signature of Data1, say MAC1; +- The CTS-FP transmits the signature MAC1 to the CTS-SN; +- The CTS-SN tests MAC1 for validity. + +![Figure E7: Authentication of the CTS-FP. The diagram shows the interaction between CTS-FP, CTS fixed network interface, CTS-SN, and CTSHLR/AuC. The CTS-FP sends RAND1 and Data1 to the CTS-SN via the CTS fixed network interface. The CTS-FP also sends KiFP to the A8' algorithm, which generates Kop. The CTS-SN sends Kop to the B5 algorithm, which generates MAC1. The CTS-SN then compares MAC1 with the received MAC1 using an equality check (=), resulting in a yes/no outcome.](f97535cdaa4fe017f4659512f4f78028_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + CTSFP[CTS-FP] -- RAND1 --> CTSfixed[CTS fixed network interface] + CTSfixed -- Data1 --> CTSSN[CTS-SN] + CTSFP -- KiFP --> A8[A8'] + A8 -- Kop --> B5[B5] + CTSSN -- Kop --> B5 + B5 -- MAC1 --> EQ[=] + CTSFP -- MAC1 --> EQ + EQ -- yes/no --> OUT[ ] + style OUT fill:none,stroke:none + +``` + +Figure E7: Authentication of the CTS-FP. The diagram shows the interaction between CTS-FP, CTS fixed network interface, CTS-SN, and CTSHLR/AuC. The CTS-FP sends RAND1 and Data1 to the CTS-SN via the CTS fixed network interface. The CTS-FP also sends KiFP to the A8' algorithm, which generates Kop. The CTS-SN sends Kop to the B5 algorithm, which generates MAC1. The CTS-SN then compares MAC1 with the received MAC1 using an equality check (=), resulting in a yes/no outcome. + +Figure E7: Authentication of the CTS-FP + +#### E.4.3.2 Authentication of the CTS-MS + +This procedure requires that the CTS-SN has an interface to the HLR in order to receive the challenge/response pairs for authentication of the CTS-MS. + +It is a normal GSM authentication procedure as described in GSM03.20[7], the CTS-FP acting as a relay: + +- The CTS-MS sends the IMSI to the HLR through the CTS-FP and through the CTS-SN; +- The AuC generates the authentication result (SRES) using the Ki key associated with the IMSI and a random challenge (RAND); +- The CTS-SN receives the authentication vector (SRES (1, ..., n), RAND (1, ..., n)) according to the general authentication procedure described in 3GPP TS 43.020; +- The CTS-SN transmits a RAND, $1 \leq x \leq n$ , to the CTS-MS via the CTS-FP.; +- The CTS-MS performs an authentication using Ki and A3 according to the authentication procedure described in 3GPP TS 43.020 and computes the signature of RANDx: SRESRANDx; +- The CTS-MS transmits via the CTS-FP the signature SRESRANDx to the CTS-SN; +- The CTS-SN tests SRESRANDx for validity. + +![Sequence diagram for authentication of the CTS-MS via the CTS fixed network interface. The diagram shows the interaction between CTS-MS, CTS Radio Interface, CTS-FP, CTS fixed network interface, CTS-SN, HLR/AuC, and A3. The process involves RAND and SRES messages being exchanged between the CTS-SN and the CTS-FP, and between the CTS-FP and the CTS-MS via the A3 interface. The CTS-MS provides Ki to the A3 interface. The CTS-SN sends RAND to the CTS-FP, which then sends RAND to the A3 interface. The A3 interface sends SRES to the CTS-FP, which then sends SRES to the CTS-SN. The CTS-SN also sends SRES to the HLR/AuC. The CTS-SN compares the received SRES with the expected SRES and outputs yes/no.](2f587210e4f97c32758c5972e2e83d20_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CTS-MS + participant CTS_Radio_Interface as CTS Radio Interface + participant CTS-FP + participant CTS_fixed_network_interface as CTS fixed network interface + participant CTS-SN + participant HLR_AuC as HLR/AuC + participant A3 + + Note left of CTS-MS: Ki + CTS-MS->>A3: Ki + CTS-SN->>CTS-FP: RAND + CTS-FP->>CTS_Radio_Interface: RAND + CTS_Radio_Interface->>A3: RAND + A3->>CTS-FP: SRES + CTS-FP->>CTS-SN: SRES + CTS-SN->>HLR_AuC: SRES,RAND + CTS-SN->>A3: SRES + Note right of CTS-SN: = + A3->>CTS-SN: yes/no + +``` + +Sequence diagram for authentication of the CTS-MS via the CTS fixed network interface. The diagram shows the interaction between CTS-MS, CTS Radio Interface, CTS-FP, CTS fixed network interface, CTS-SN, HLR/AuC, and A3. The process involves RAND and SRES messages being exchanged between the CTS-SN and the CTS-FP, and between the CTS-FP and the CTS-MS via the A3 interface. The CTS-MS provides Ki to the A3 interface. The CTS-SN sends RAND to the CTS-FP, which then sends RAND to the A3 interface. The A3 interface sends SRES to the CTS-FP, which then sends SRES to the CTS-SN. The CTS-SN also sends SRES to the HLR/AuC. The CTS-SN compares the received SRES with the expected SRES and outputs yes/no. + +Figure E8: Authentication of the CTS-MS via the CTS fixed network interface + +### E.4.4 Secure operation control + +According to GSM 03.56, signalling for operation control of the local CTS may take place on different signalling planes: + +- on the CTS fixed network interface using a CTS-SN application signalling; +- on the GSM Radio Interface using the GSM layer 3 signalling. + +The means of operation control of the local CTS for these two signalling planes is described in the subsequent subclauses. + +#### E.4.4.1 GSM layer 3 signalling + +GSM layer 3 signalling can be used to provide CTS data. + +It is not initiated on request of the local CTS but included in a normal GSM layer 3 signalling procedure. + +These data are downloaded to the CTS-MS through the GSM Radio Interface and transferred to the CTS-FP during an access procedure according to subclause E.3.4.2. Whenever the CTS-FP gets new CTS operation data it contacts the CTS-SN through the Fixed Network and performs Operation Data Update procedure according to subclause E.4.4.3.4.1. + +#### E.4.4.2 CTS application signalling via the Fixed Network + +CTS may use a specific application protocol on the fixed network interface for operation control purposes. Communication via the fixed network interface may include authentication of the subscriber identity as described in subclause E.3.2. + +Due to the fact, that a false CTS-SN can easily be set up, protection of operation data as described in subclause E.4.1.2, is required. + +Operation control via the CTS fixed network interface is generally initiated by the local CTS, i.e. the CTS-FP, triggered by time or event control. + +An initiation from the CTS-SN to the CTS-FP, is generally not applicable due to missing means of addressing a specific terminal, i.e. the CTS-FP in the fixed network (PSTN case). + +However, this shall not exclude that the CTS-SN initiate operation control, if certain network configurations allow this feature. + +#### E.4.4.3 CTS operation control procedures + +##### E.4.4.3.1 Initialisation of a CTS-FP + +According to 3GPP TS 42.056 and GSM 03.56 the CTS-FP initialisation is the procedure where the CTS-FP is downloaded with the necessary data in order to provide CTS service. + +The following procedure applies: + +- An initialisation state is triggered by MMI at the CTS-FP; +- The CTS-FP retrieves the CTS-SN directory number from the FP-SIM; +- The CTS-FP contacts the CTS-SN through the fixed line; +- Authentication of the CTS-FP is performed as described in subclause E.4.3.2.1; +- The CTS-SN sends operation data to the CTS-FP; these data are protected as described in subclause E.4.1.2; +- The CTS-FP authenticates the signature of the operation data sent from the CTS-SN; +- The CTS-FP is considered as being initialised. + +##### E.4.4.3.2 De-initialisation of a CTS-FP + +The CTS-FP is considered as being de-initialised if it does not have the necessary data to provide CTS service. + +This may happen either because: + +- 1 a timer associated to the CTS data has expired and therefore the CTS-FP cannot offer CTS service; +- 2 a network control mechanism requires CTS-FP de-initialisation; +- 3 the CTS-FP has been disconnected from the PSTN connection and from the main power for a period of time; +- 4 the FP-SIM has been removed and a new SIM card inserted in the CTS-FPE. + +As the CTS-SN has in general no means to address the CTS-FP, the de-initialisation command is sent when the CTS-FP accesses the CTS-SN. + +###### Case 1 + +The principle of the time/event controlled mechanism is, that some operation data has a limited validity period. The duration of this period, i.e. a timer, is controlled by the CTS operator. + +The operation data is related to one CTS-subscriber that is to the FP-SIM. An authentication of the CTS-FP by the CTS-SN and a token authentication by the CTS-FP is performed in the operation data update procedure as described in subclause E.4.4.3.4.1. + +Therefore, the update of the operation data does not require a CTS-MS being enrolled to the CTS-FP. Before the expiry of the validity period timer a data update procedure is triggered as described in subclause E.4.4.3.4.1. + +If the validity period expires without an update of the operation data, the CTS-FP is de-initialised and the operation data are deleted from the CTS-FP. + +###### Case 2 + +In case 2, the de-initialisation procedure is the following: + +- The CTS-FP contacts the CTS-SN; +- The CTS-SN performs authentication of the CTS-FP as described in chapter E.4.3.2.1; +- The CTS-SN sends a de-initialisation command using the data protection mechanism described in chapter E.4.2.1; +- The CTS-FP authenticates the signature and deletes the operation data; + +- De-initialisation is performed. + +The CTS-FP de-initialisation does not imply CTS-MS de-enrolment; the data related to CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair are not deleted from the CTS-FP but CTS service cannot be granted. + +###### Case 3 + +As some operation data might be related to the location of the CTS-FP, if the CTS-FP is disconnected from the PSTN connection for a certain time (see [4]), the CTS-FP is considered as being de-initialised and the operation data are deleted from the CTS-FP. + +###### Case 4 + +The operation data are related to the FP-SIM. If a new FP-SIM is inserted in the CTS-FPE the previously stored data should be deleted. The CTS-FP is therefore de-initialised. + +##### E.4.4.3.3 Enrolment + +From the CTS supervising security point of view the following requirements have to be fulfilled: + +- According to the definitions given in the CTS stage 1 service description, enrolment shall include authentication of the CTS-subscriber (FP-SIM). +- In addition, if required by the CTS operator an authentication of the CTS-MS subscriber can be performed. (3GPP TS 42.009). +- The local CTS shall receive operation data +- The CTS shall operate in accordance with the settings of this operation data. + +Two supervising security methods are defined for enrolment. They are described in the subsequent subclauses. + +###### E.4.4.3.3.1 Enrolment conducted via the CTS fixed network interface + +If indicated by the CTS subscription information at the CTS-FP the supervising part of the enrolment is conducted via the CTS fixed network interface. + +In this case, after the local part of the enrolment procedure is performed as described in subclause E.3.4.1.1 (we have reached the stage where the CTS-MS transmits through the CTS interface the IMSI, the CTS-FP checks that the IMSI is not enrolled yet), the following procedure applies: + +- The CTS-FP calls the CTS-SN through the fixed line; +- The IFPSI and the IMSI are transmitted from the CTS-FP to the CTS-SN; Equipment identities (IMEI, IFPEI) can be transmitted for verification; +- The CTS-HLR performs authentication of the CTS-FP using the authentication key $Ki_{FP}$ , A8' and B5 authentication algorithm as described in subclause E.4.3.2.1; +- After successful authentication of the CTS-FP, the CTS-SN may require the authentication of the CTS-MS. The generation of triplets is achieved in the HLR using the $Ki$ authentication key and the A3 algorithm as described in subclause E.4.3.2.2; +- The CTS-FP checks the validity of the signature as described in subclause E.4.1.2; +- The CTS-FP and the CTS-MS exchange data (as described in the local security part of the enrolment procedure (E.3.4.1.1)); +- The CTS-FP indicates successful enrolment to the CTS-MS; +- The enrolment is finished. + +![Sequence diagram for CTS supervising security: enrolment of a CTS-MS onto a CTS-FP via the CTS fixed network interface. The diagram shows the interaction between CTS-MS, CTS-FP, Fixed network interface, CTS-SN, CTS-HLR, and HLR. The process starts with the local part of the enrolment procedure on the CTS-MS, followed by the CTS-FP contacting the CTS-SN with IFPSI, IMSI, IFPEI, and IMEI. This is followed by authentication of the FP-SIM, authentication of the MS-SIM, the local part of the enrolment (followed) data exchange, and finally the enrolment finished status.](4806f9f95fff13a30d6523bd6ffeac63_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CTS-MS + participant CTS-FP + participant Fixed network interface + participant CTS-SN + participant CTS-HLR + participant HLR + + Note left of CTS-MS: Local part of the enrolment procedure + CTS-FP-->>CTS-SN: Contact the CTS-SN + CTS-FP->>CTS-SN: IFPSI, IMSI, IFPEI, IMEI + Note over CTS-FP, CTS-HLR: Authentication of the FP-SIM + Note left of CTS-FP: Authentication of the signed data + Note over CTS-MS, CTS-HLR: Authentication of the MS-SIM + Note left of CTS-MS: Local part of the enrolment (followed): data exchange + Note left of CTS-MS: Enrolment finished + +``` + +Sequence diagram for CTS supervising security: enrolment of a CTS-MS onto a CTS-FP via the CTS fixed network interface. The diagram shows the interaction between CTS-MS, CTS-FP, Fixed network interface, CTS-SN, CTS-HLR, and HLR. The process starts with the local part of the enrolment procedure on the CTS-MS, followed by the CTS-FP contacting the CTS-SN with IFPSI, IMSI, IFPEI, and IMEI. This is followed by authentication of the FP-SIM, authentication of the MS-SIM, the local part of the enrolment (followed) data exchange, and finally the enrolment finished status. + +**Figure E9: CTS supervising security: enrolment of a CTS-MS onto a CTS-FP via the CTS fixed network interface** + +##### E.4.4.3.4 Supervising security in the CTS-FP/CTS-SN access procedure + +###### E.4.4.3.4.1 Update of operation data + +The update of operation data is required due to the fact, that the validity of some operation data is limited by an operator controlled timer. + +The operation data can be updated without a CTS-MS being attached to the CTS-FP, as FP-SIM authentication is performed through the fixed network interface. This allows transparency of the operation control to the user and avoids unnecessary de-initialisation if the user has not performed attachment for a long period of time. + +Update of operation is performed via the fixed network interface and the following steps apply: + +- Before the validity period expires, the CTS-FP contacts the CTS-SN and requires data update; +- The CTS-HLR authenticates the FP-SIM through the fixed network interface; +- the CTS-HLR checks the subscription validity and sends a new set of operation data to the CTS-FP; +- The CTS-FP authenticates the data signature and starts a new timer; +- The update procedure is finished. + +![Sequence diagram for 'Update of operation data via the CTS fixed network interface'. Lifelines: CTS-FP, Fixed network interface, CTS-SN, CTS-HLR. The process starts with a 'Timer expiring' on CTS-FP, followed by 'Contact the CTS-SN' and 'IFPSI, IFPEI' messages. A bar 'Authentication of the FP-SIM' spans across. CTS-HLR performs 'Check subscription validity for IFPSI' and sends 'new data (Tval)' to CTS-SN. CTS-SN performs 'Perform data signature' and sends 'Signed data' to CTS-FP. CTS-FP performs 'Authenticate Data signature'. The process ends with a bar 'End of operation data update procedure'.](c07e21a8d65991db04263322f859c94f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CTS-FP + participant Fixed network interface + participant CTS-SN + participant CTS-HLR + + Note left of CTS-FP: Timer expiring + CTS-FP-->>CTS-SN: Contact the CTS-SN + CTS-FP->>CTS-SN: IFPSI, IFPEI + Note over CTS-FP, CTS-HLR: Authentication of the FP-SIM + Note right of CTS-HLR: Check subscription validity for IFPSI + CTS-HLR->>CTS-SN: new data (Tval) + Note right of CTS-SN: Perform data signature + CTS-SN->>CTS-FP: Signed data + Note left of CTS-FP: Authenticate Data signature + Note over CTS-FP, CTS-HLR: End of operation data update procedure + +``` + +Sequence diagram for 'Update of operation data via the CTS fixed network interface'. Lifelines: CTS-FP, Fixed network interface, CTS-SN, CTS-HLR. The process starts with a 'Timer expiring' on CTS-FP, followed by 'Contact the CTS-SN' and 'IFPSI, IFPEI' messages. A bar 'Authentication of the FP-SIM' spans across. CTS-HLR performs 'Check subscription validity for IFPSI' and sends 'new data (Tval)' to CTS-SN. CTS-SN performs 'Perform data signature' and sends 'Signed data' to CTS-FP. CTS-FP performs 'Authenticate Data signature'. The process ends with a bar 'End of operation data update procedure'. + +**Figure E10: Update of operation data via the CTS fixed network interface** + +As this timer is an essential part of the CTS operation control, it shall be securely situated within the CTS-FP, i.e. it shall not be possible to reset the time except by valid operations described in this subclause. The security requirements on the timer values and the timer itself are described in subclause E.6. + +### E.4.5 Equipment checking + +Equipment checking can be seen as part of the initialisation, of the enrolment or of the operation data update procedures: + +Checking the IFPEI can be part of the initialisation and operation data update procedures. + +Checking the IFPEI and the IMEI can be part of the enrolment procedure. + +### E.4.6 FP-SIM card checking + +The FP-SIM presence should be verified and no CTS operation should be allowed if the FP-SIM is not at least present. Furthermore, specific CTS operations should meet the following requirements: + +- The CTS-FP initialisation procedure should not be possible if the CTS-FP does not include a valid FP-SIM card, i.e. that contain minimum information to contact the CTS-SN or to operate CTS service. +- The enrolment procedure of a CTS-MS on a CTS-FP should not be initiated if the MS-SIM operator's identity is in the list of forbidden operators of the FP-SIM. +- CTS operation should not be allowed if there is not a valid FP-SIM card in the CTS-FPE. + +The MS-SIM verification follows the normal GSM requirements. The GSM subscription is checked whenever the CTS-MS accesses the PLMN (authentication performed using the IMSI, Ki and A3 in the MS-SIM card). + +The MS-SIM card is not tied to the CTS-ME as all the relevant data for local security are stored in the MS-SIM card. If after successful enrolment on a given CTS-FP, the CTS-ME have been changed, no re-enrolment should be needed. The CTS-FP will store the new IMEI sent in the access procedure in association with the local security data. + +If the FP-SIM card has been extracted from the CTS-FPE, the latter should check the identity of the new SIM card. If a new FP-SIM card has been inserted in the CTS-FPE, CTS-FP should be re-initialised. + +## --- E.5 Other CTS security features + +In 3GPP TS 42.056 the requirements of a series of additional security services and functions for the CTS are defined. They should provide, amongst others, protection against misuse of equipment + +This subclause describes the CTS security features that concern: + +- secure storage of sensitive data in CTS-MS; +- secure storage of sensitive data in CTS-FP; +- CTS-FP de-initialisation; +- CTS-FP reprogramming protection. + +### E.5.1 Secure storage of sensitive data and software in the CTS-MS + +#### E.5.1.1 Inside CTS-ME + +The storage of the IMEI should be according the requirements described in 3GPP TS 42.009. Secure storage of sensitive data inside non-volatile memory of the CTS-ME should follow the directives in 3GPP TS 42.056. + +### E.5.2 Secure storage of sensitive data and software in CTS-FP + +The IFPEI is stored in the CTS-FPE according to the same requirements for storage of the IMEI as described in 3GPP TS 42.009. Other sensitive data shall be stored securely. + +The timer for operation control should be stored in a secure way. + +### E.5.3 CTS-FP reprogramming protection + +Reprogramming shall only be possible by the manufacturer of the CTS-FP and authorised services. The specification of the method is up to the manufacturer. + +## --- E.6 FP Integrity + +In case of licensed mode, the CTS-FP while servicing its user(s) should perform as instructed by the CTS-SN. In both licensed and license exempt modes, a potential entry point for various kinds of CTS misuse would be to alter a type-approved CTS-FP. It is therefore of paramount importance that the local CTS security and in particular the CTS-FP itself provide reliable countermeasures against CTS-FP misuses through manipulation of its hardware and/or software. The purpose of this subclause is + +- a) to identify explicitly the threats +- b) to explore ways how to provide protection +- c) to consider the verification of protection mechanisms + +### E.6.1 Threats + +Threats have been identified and the importance of the corresponding need for a countermeasure was classified. The following ranking was used: + +1. Essential; Protection is essential for secure operation of CTS in general; +2. Important; Protection is important but failure has limited impact; +3. Desirable; Protection is desirable but failure has only local impact. + +Table E1 shows the sensitive information that the FP contains and the importance of the countermeasure(s) against possible manipulation. + +It is understood that when an item is mentioned in Table 1 that changing its value in an unauthorised way is a threat. + +**Table E1: Sensitivity of FP maintained information** + +| Item | Type of data | Rank | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|-------| +| CTS-FP software (note 1) | constant | 1 | +| IFPEI | constant | 2 | +| IFPSI (licensed mode) | constant | 2 | +| CTS-PIN | constant | 2 | +| Secret operator Key ( $K_{OP}$ ) (licensed mode) | variable | 1 | +| Supervising authentication key ( $K_{IFP}$ ) associated with IFPSI (licensed mode) | constant | 1+ | +| PLMN permitted | variable in licensed mode and constant in license exempt mode | 1 | +| Timers (counters), Limits (note 2) | variable | 1 | +| Radio parameters (GFL, etc.) + operation parameters | variable in licensed mode and constant in license exempt mode | 1 | +| Local keys ( $K_a$ ) and security parameters | variable | 2 | +| Service parameters (addressing, operator ids) | variable | 2 | +| CTS algorithms (A3/A8, MAC) | constant | (1,2) | +| NOTE 1: If the FP software is reprogrammable there should be a mechanism that authenticates the identity of the reprogramming agent (FS algorithm can be a protection against unauthorised reprogramming). | | | +| NOTE 2: Clock should continue to run or new information should be obtained from the network when FP power is lost or fixed line connection removed. | | | + +In case of license exempt mode, it is of prime importance that radio parameters and the list of the mobiles allowed to enroll to that CTS-FP (PLMN permitted) is stored in a secure way and cannot be modified. + +#### E.6.1.1 Changing of FP software + +CTS-FPEs will store their software in non-volatile memory that can be (re)programmed at the factory or at authorised service centres. Current technology provides so-called flash memories for this purpose. Reprogrammability is advantageous from production and service point of view but, at the same time, it can be misused to reprogram the FP to operate not according to the standards. Reprogramming may be executed via the manufacturer provided interface(s) or via direct access to the storage. Thus the FP reprogramming protection should protect against: + +- a) unauthorised reprogramming access via offered interface (test, fixed line, SIM interface, radio interface); +- b) Reprogramming via direct access to system software storage; +- c) Reprogramming via physical exchange (replacing storage modules). + +NOTE: The actual protection mechanisms do not have to be standardised but the level of protection should be defined. There should be no (trapdoor) mechanism to bypass the protection mechanisms. + +#### E.6.1.2 Changing of IFPEI + +Each, CTS-FPE contains an identity (IFPEI). The IFPEI can be used (associated to the IFPSI) for local security and network security procedures. The Fixed Part Equipment is uniquely defined by the IFPEI. The IFPEI is stored in a secure way in accordance with the requirements for storage of the IMEI as described in 3GPP TS 42.009. + +#### E.6.1.3 Changing of IFPSI and operator and subscription related keys ( $K_{\text{IFP}}$ , $K_{\text{OP}}$ ) + +These values are stored in the FP-SIM; the IFPSI can only be read and not updated while the operator and the subscription related keys are used in the FP-SIM and cannot be accessed. + +#### E.6.1.4 Changing of timers and timer limits + +The CTS-FP operation is partially under control of timers. When timer values are stored in E2PROM memory there should be a protection against malicious reprogramming. The use of external timer hardware should only be allowed when accompanied with comprehensive protection countermeasures. + +#### E.6.1.5 Changing of radio usage parameters + +This annex defines mechanisms to protect the parameters that will set the radio usage characteristics during transport to the local CTS system. In addition these parameters should be protected when stored inside the CTS-FPE. + +### E.6.2 Protection and storage mechanisms + +In this subclause some basic approaches for realising CTS-FP integrity mechanisms are described. The mechanisms are divided into three groups. One group targets the protection of data that is stored + +In a static or semi-static way in re-programmable non-volatile memory. The second group targets timer values that change frequently. A third group targets physical protection aspects. + +#### E.6.2.1 Static or semi static values + +Data that is stored permanently or changes seldomly are either stored on the FP-SIM ( $K_{\text{OP}}$ , $K_{\text{IFP}}$ , IFPSI), or might be stored in write-once memory cells ( $K_{\text{a}}$ ), the place of storage could be defined. Thus some form of physical security is necessary. Furthermore, specific standards in term of technology (e.g. NIST FIPS1-40-1) can be used. + +#### E.6.2.2 Timers + +If timer stored values can be accessed (e.g. when they are stored in physically accessible E2PROM) they can be protected in the same spirit as static data but the mechanism should be tailored for frequent update of the values to be protected. Alternatively, these values could be stored in the main processor chip. + +#### E.6.2.3 Physical protection + +Physical protection should prevent that it being easy to reprogram (flash) memory with CTS-FP system software through direct physical access to the memory chip or the physical exchange critical hardware components. It should also protect electrical sensing mechanisms against obvious attacks, e.g., by resetting components. + +## --- E.7 Type approval issues + +The test houses cannot perform a security evaluation of a CTS-FP to verify if the CTS-FP meets the requirements on security. However, each CTS-FP comes with a set of cryptographic mechanisms that may effect ordinary type approval procedures. There should be no bypass mechanisms to critical security mechanisms for such type approval procedures. + +## --- E.8 Security information to be stored in the entities of the CTS + +This clause gives an overview of the security related information and the places where this information is stored in the CTS. + +The entities of the CTS where security information is stored are: + +- CTS home location register (CTS-HLR); + +- CTS service node (CTS-SN); +- CTS authentication centre (CTS-AuC); +- CTS fixed part equipment (CTS-FPE); +- FP-SIM card; +- CTS mobile equipment (CTS-ME); +- MS-SIM card. + +### E.8.1 Entities and security information + +#### E.8.1.1 CTS-HLR + +The CTS-HLR stores permanently: + +- The IFPSI; +- The authentication key $K_{IFP}$ . + +The CTS-HLR receives and stores (possibly after processing): + +- The mobile equipment identity IMEI; +- The IFPEI. + +#### E.8.1.2 CTS-SN + +The CTS-SN receives and stores possibly after processing: + +- $K_{OP}$ associated to a given IFPSI; +- Subscription timers; +- RAND value associated to an authentication and key generation procedure; +- SRES the result of the authentication procedure; +- The B5, B6 algorithms. + +#### E.8.1.3 CTS-AuC + +In the CTS authentication centre are implemented: + +- The authentication algorithm A3; +- The key generation algorithm A8. + +#### E.8.1.4 CTS Fixed Part Equipment (CTS-FPE) + +The CTS-FPE stores permanently: + +- The encryption algorithm A5/2. + +The CTS-FPE generates and stores: + +- The CTS authentication key $K_a$ ; +- The CTSMSI; +- The ciphering key $K_c$ . + +The CTS-FPE receives and stores (possibly after processing): + +- The mobile equipment identity IMEI; +- The IMSI. + +The CTS-FPE stores for each CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair a record of data which is needed for access on the CTS Radio Interface. The records are stored as a linear fixed file (see 3GPP TS 51.011) and contain: + +- The authentication key $K_a$ ; +- The CTSMSI; +- The IMSI; +- Other, non security relevant information, which are related to a CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair. + +The structure of the linear fixed file is shown in figure E11: + +| Index
(Record Number) | Linear fixed file with one record for each CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair
(Read/Write) | +|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | $K_a[1]$ , CTSMSI[1], IMSI[1], other data [1] | +| 2 | $K_a[2]$ , CTSMSI[2], IMSI[2], other data [2] | +| . | . | +| . | . | +| N | $K_a[n]$ , CTSMSI[n], IMSI[n], other data [n] | + +**Figure E11: Storage of CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair related data on the CTS-FPE** + +The number of records is defined at subscription time and thus determines the number of CTS-FP, a CTS-MS can be enrolled to. + +#### E.8.1.5 Fixed Part SIM card (FP-SIM) + +The FP-SIM includes specific information for CTS purpose. + +- The IFPSI; +- The $K_{IFP}$ ; +- The $K_{OP}$ ; +- The list of PLMNs whose subscriber can roam onto the CTS-FP. + +#### E.8.1.6 CTS Mobile Equipment (CTS-ME) + +#### E.8.1.7 Mobile Station SIM card (MS-SIM) + +The MS-SIM is a normal GSM SIM card as defined in 3GPP TS 51.011 that includes any information for CTS purpose. + +The MS-SIM stores for each CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair a record of data which is needed for access on the CTS Radio Interface. The records are stored as a linear fixed file (see 3GPP TS 51.011) and contain: + +- the authentication key $K_a$ ; +- the CTSMSI; +- the IFPEI; +- other, non security relevant information, which related to a CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair. + +The structure of the linear fixed file is shown in the figure E12 + +| Index
(Record Number) | Linear fixed file with one record for each CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair
(Read/Write) | +|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Ka[1], CTSMSI[1], IFPEI[1], IFPSI[1], other data [1] | +| 2 | Ka[2], CTSMSI[2], IFPEI[2], IFPSI[2], other data [2] | +| . | . | +| . | . | +| N | Ka[n], CTSMSI[n], IFPEI[n], IFPSI[n], other data [n] | + +Figure E12: Storage of CTS-MS/CTS-FP pair related data on the CTS-ME + +The number of records is defined by the mobile manufacturer and thus determines the number of CTS-FP, a CTS-MS can enroll onto. + +## E.9 External specification of security related algorithms + +This annex specifies the cryptological algorithms and algorithms which are needed to provide the various security features and mechanisms defined in the CTS service description. + +The following algorithms are considered; + +- Algorithm A5/2: Ciphering/deciphering algorithm; +- Algorithm B1: Ciphering key generation algorithm +- Algorithm B2: Authentication key generation algorithm +- Algorithm B3: Authentication algorithm +- Algorithm B4: Authentication algorithm +- Algorithm B5: Message authentication algorithm used for CTS-FP authentication +- Algorithm B6: Message authentication algorithm used for signature authentication + +The A5/2 is specified in 3GPP TS 43.020 Annex C. + +The external specification of the algorithms B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6 is defined below. The internal specification is managed by SAGE. + +### E.9.1 Algorithm B1 + +#### E.9.1.1 Purpose + +The B1 algorithm is used to generate the ciphering key Kc from the two random challenges CH1 and the authentication key Ka which is derived from Ka. + +Location: CTS-ME, CTS-FPE + +#### E.9.1.2 Implementation and operational requirements + +The two input parameters Ka, CH1 and the output parameter Kc of the algorithm shall use the following formats: + +![Diagram of the ciphering key generator B1. A rectangular block labeled 'B1' has two input arrows on the left labeled 'Ka' and 'CH1'. It has one output arrow on the right labeled 'Kcx'.](38d82ffe820e339811b396206f40a201_img.jpg) + +Diagram of the ciphering key generator B1. A rectangular block labeled 'B1' has two input arrows on the left labeled 'Ka' and 'CH1'. It has one output arrow on the right labeled 'Kcx'. + +**Figure E13: The ciphering key generator B1** + +- Input 1: Bit string of length $|Ka| = 128$ bits; +- Input 2: Bit string of length $|CH1| = 128$ bits; + +- Output: Bit string of length $|Kc| = 64$ bits. + +The calculation time of B1 shall not exceed 200 ms. + +## E.9.2 Algorithm B2 + +### E.9.2.1 Purpose + +The algorithm B2 is used to generate: + +- The authentication key $Ka$ ; +- The initial authentication key. This authentication key generation and usage is part of the initialisation method using the CTS Radio Interface. + +Location: CTS-ME, CTS-FPE + +### E.9.2.2 Implementation and operational requirements + +The three input parameters $FPAC$ , $R_{IMS}$ , $R_{IFP}$ , and the output parameter $Ka$ of the algorithm shall use the following formats: + +![Diagram of the key generation algorithm B2. A rectangular block labeled 'B2' has three input arrows on the left labeled 'FPAC', 'R_IMS', and 'R_IFP'. It has one output arrow on the right labeled 'Ka'.](d964618f772e53e0dcf684977e62daf9_img.jpg) + +Diagram of the key generation algorithm B2. A rectangular block labeled 'B2' has three input arrows on the left labeled 'FPAC', 'R\_IMS', and 'R\_IFP'. It has one output arrow on the right labeled 'Ka'. + +**Figure E14: The key generation algorithm B2** + +- Input 1: Bit string of length $|FPAC|$ respective bit string of length $|FPAC| = 128$ bit; +- Input 2: Bit string of length $|R_{IMS}|$ respective bit string of length $|R_{IMS}| = 64$ bit; +- Input 3: Bit string of length $|R_{IFP}|$ respective bit string of length $|R_{IFP}| = 64$ bit; +- Output: Bit string of length $|Ka| = 128$ bit. + +The calculation time of the B2 algorithm shall not exceed 250 ms. + +## E.9.3 Algorithms B3 and B4 + +### E.9.3.1 Purpose + +The B3 and B4 algorithms are used to perform the mutual authentication via a challenge-response scheme. + +Location: CTS-ME, CTS-FPE. + +### E.9.3.2 Implementation and operational requirements + +The two input parameters $K_a$ and $CH1$ respective $CH2$ and the output parameter $(X)RES1$ respective $(X)RES2$ of the algorithm shall use the following formats: + +![Figure E15: The response generation by B3 and B4. The diagram shows two separate blocks, B3 and B4. Block B3 has two inputs on the left: Ka and CH1, and one output on the right: (X)RES1. Block B4 has two inputs on the left: Ka and CH2, and one output on the right: (X)RES2.](f2486d5031b55e42b300903a716b0a00_img.jpg) + +Figure E15: The response generation by B3 and B4. The diagram shows two separate blocks, B3 and B4. Block B3 has two inputs on the left: Ka and CH1, and one output on the right: (X)RES1. Block B4 has two inputs on the left: Ka and CH2, and one output on the right: (X)RES2. + +**Figure E15: The response generation by B3 and B4** + +- Input 1: Bit string of length $|K_a| = 128$ bit; +- Input 2: Bit string of length $|CH1|$ respective bit string of length $|CH2| = 128$ bit; +- Output: Bit string of length $|(X)RESP1|$ respective bit string of length $|(X)RESP2| = 128$ bit. + +The calculation time of B3 respective B4 shall not exceed 200ms for one operation. + +## E.9.4 Algorithms B5 and B6 + +### E.9.4.1 Purpose + +The B5 algorithm is used to perform CTS-FP authentication by the CTS-SN. + +The B6 algorithm is used by the CTS-FP to authenticate the signature issued by the CTS-SN. + +Location: CTS-FPE, CTS-SN. + +### E.9.4.2 Implementation and operational requirements + +The two input parameters $K_{op}$ and $Data1$ respective $Data2$ and the output parameter $MAC1$ respective $MAC2$ of the algorithm shall use the following formats: + +![Figure E16: The response generation by B5 and B6. The diagram shows two separate blocks, B5 and B6. Block B5 has two inputs on the left: Kop and Data1, and one output on the right: MAC1. Block B6 has two inputs on the left: Kop and Data2, and one output on the right: MAC2.](b22a2b17c5f35e4706033e34ab0f3e9a_img.jpg) + +Figure E16: The response generation by B5 and B6. The diagram shows two separate blocks, B5 and B6. Block B5 has two inputs on the left: Kop and Data1, and one output on the right: MAC1. Block B6 has two inputs on the left: Kop and Data2, and one output on the right: MAC2. + +**Figure E16: The response generation by B5 and B6** + +- Input 1: Bit string of length $|K_{op}| = 128$ bit; +- Input 2: Bit string of length $|Data1|$ respective bit string of length $|Data2| = n$ octets; +- Output: Bit string of length $|MAC1|$ respective bit string of length $|MAC2| = 64$ bit. + +## E.10 Coding of the FPAC and CTS-PIN + +The CTS-PIN is a local product key. It is initialised at manufacturer customisation. + +At CTS-FP reset, the PIN code value returns to initial manufacturer value.. The CTS-PIN can be modified by the user; a pre-condition is to enter the old CTS-PIN. When remote MMI is used, attachment is performed on the MS/FP interface. + +The CTS-PIN cannot be de-activated. + +The number of tries is infinite and no blocking mechanism is applied. + +The FPAC is coded in 128 bits. + +The CTS-PIN is entered by the user of the CTS on the CTS-MS respective on the CTS-FP. The CTS-PIN is presented as a BCD number of decimal digits (0 - 9), each digit coded in four bits. + +The number of digits of the CTS-PIN is 8. + +The CTS-PIN is copied to the FPAC in order to perform the procedures for checking the CTS-PIN entered by the user. As the number of digits of the CTS-PIN is less than 32, the CTS-ME respective the CTS-FP shall pad the unused digits with « F » (hexadecimal presentation of 16) before it is copied to the FPAC. + +--- + +## E.11 (informative annex): Guidelines for generation of random numbers + +Both the CTS-MS and the CTS-FP must on occasions generate « random » numbers as inputs to security algorithms. Specifically: + +- the 128-bit input CH1 to the algorithms B1 and B3 is generated by the CTS-FP; +- the 128-bit input CH2 to the algorithms B4 is generated by the CTS-MS; +- the 64-bit input $R_{\text{IFP}}$ to the algorithm B2 is generated by the CTS-FP; +- the 64-bit input $R_{\text{IMS}}$ to the algorithm B2 is generated by the CTS-MS; + +This section indicates the requirements on the « randomness » of these values. There are essentially two requirements: non-repetition (for CH1 to CH2, which are the generated many times) and unpredictability. + +**Non-repetition of CH1 and CH2:** The probability that a new value CH1 (or CH2) is the same as any one particular previously generated value of CH1 (or CH2) should not be significantly greater than $2^{-128}$ . It is assumed that the number of values of CH1 (or CH2) generated by any CTS-FP will be much less than $2^{-128}$ . + +**Unpredictability of CH1 and CH2:** It is not necessary for every new CH1 (or CH2) to be « completely random », i.e. to be exactly likely to assume any possible value, independent of all previously generated values. However, the generation must not be easily predictable. Given all previously generated values of the CH1 (or CH2), the probability that a newly generated CH1 (or CH2) will assume any specific value should not be greater than $2^{-32}$ . + +**Unpredictability of $R_{\text{IFP}}$ and $R_{\text{IMS}}$ :** The probability that $R_{\text{IFP}}$ (or $R_{\text{IMS}}$ ) will assume any specific value should be not greater than $2^{-32}$ . + +--- + +# Annex F (normative): Ciphering of Voice Group Call Service (VGCS) and Voice Broadcast Service (VBS) + +This Annex defines the security related service and functions for VGCS and VBS in order to provide confidentiality protection to the group calls. + +All data variables in this Annex are presented with the most significant substring on the left hand side and the least significant substring on the right hand side. A substring may be a bit, byte or other arbitrary length bitstring. Where a variable is broken down into a number of substrings, the leftmost (most significant) substring is numbered 0, the next most significant is numbered 1, and so on through to the least significant. + +--- + +## F.1 Introduction + +### F.1.1 Scope + +In this Annex the ciphering of the voice group call service (VGCS) TS 42.068 [F1] and voice broadcast service (VBS) TS 42.069 [F4] is described. The following functions are required: + +- Key derivation; +- Encryption of voice group/broadcast calls; +- The secure storage of the master group keys. + +VGCS and VBS provide no authentication functions, i.e. authentication is performed implicitly via encryption/decryption since only a legitimate subscriber shall be able to encrypt and decrypt the VGCS/VBS speech call when the group call requires confidentiality protection. To include a subscriber into a voice group the required group data (including the 2 master group keys) shall be stored on the USIM, e.g. during the personalisation process or via OTA (over-the-air). To exclude a subscriber from a voice group the group data shall be deleted from the USIM. In case of a stolen or lost USIM, all USIMs of the remaining members of the voice groups that the USIM is a member of, need to be changed (e.g. via OTA or manual provisioning). + +A pre-Rel-6 VGCS/VBS capable mobile shall be able to participate in an un-ciphered group call, if it is part of that group. + +NOTE: The only security relevant difference between VBS and VGCS is that in the case of VBS there exists no uplink channel. + +### F.1.2 References + +- [F1] 3GPP TS 42.068: "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and system Aspects; Voice Group Call Service (VGCS) - Stage 1". +- [F2] 3GPP TS 43.068: "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and system Aspects; Voice Group Call Service (VGCS) - Stage 2". +- [F3] 3GPP TS 31.102: "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Terminals; Characteristics of the USIM application". +- [F4] 3GPP TS 42.069: "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and system Aspects; Voice Broadcast Service (VBS) - Stage 1". +- [F5] 3GPP TS 43.069: "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and system Aspects; Voice Broadcast Service (VBS) - Stage 2". +- [F6] 3GPP TS 23.003: "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Core Network; Numbering, addressing and identification". + +[F7] FIPS PUB 180-1 Secure Hash Standard. + +## F.1.3 Definitions and Abbreviations + +### F.1.3.1 Definitions + +**A5\_Id:** Identifier of the encryption algorithm which shall be used. + +**CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT:** A counter valid for all voice group calls within a cell. + +**Group\_Id:** Unique identifier of a voice call group. + +**KMF:** Key Modification Function. KMF derives from the short term key VSTK, the CGI and the CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT the cipher key V\_Kc which is valid for that specific cell. + +**VSTK:** Short Term Key provided by the USIM and the GCR. VSTK is derived from VSTK\_RAND and V\_Ki (128 bit). + +**VK\_Id:** Identifier of the Master Group Key (1 bit) of a group. There are up to 2 V\_Ki per group. + +**VSTK\_RAND:** The 36-bit value that is used for derivation of a short term key VSTK. + +**V\_Ki (Group\_Id, VK\_Id, Service\_type):** Voice Group or Broadcast Group Key (128 bit) number VK\_Id of group with Group\_Id. This is also called Master Group Key or Group Key in this Annex. There exist different Master Group keys per service type i.e. VGCS and VBS. + +**V\_Kc:** Voice Group or Broadcast Ciphering Key (128 bit). V\_Kc is derived from VSTK. + +### F.1.3.2 Abbreviations + +The following list describes the abbreviations and acronyms used in this Annex. + +| | | +|------|--------------------------| +| CGI | Cell Global Identifier | +| GCR | Group Call Register | +| VBS | Voice Broadcast Service | +| VGCS | Voice Group Call Service | + +## F.2 Security Requirements + +The ciphering concept for VGCS, VBS fulfils following security requirements: + +**REQ-1:** Prevent the same Voice group or Broadcast group ciphering key being used within different cells. + +This requirement protects an observer of getting more information on the plaintext if different data is enciphered with the same key and COUNT (TDMA-numbers derived) in different cells. + +**REQ-2:** The master group key shall never leave the USIM and the GCR. + +Even though VGCS/VBS users should be trusted, this approach protects the 'root'-key (i.e. Master Group key) in the most secure way such that it need not be updated very frequently. + +**REQ-3:** Prevent the reuse of COUNT with the same voice group or broadcast group ciphering key within the same cell. + +The COUNT value is determined by the TDMA frame number. An overflow happens after each 3 hour and 8 minutes period. The lifetime of the used cipher key shall not be longer than the overflow period. + +**NOTE:** This enhancement goes beyond the provided level of security of GSM-calls over a point to point channel (i.e. is not a VGCS/VBS-problem only) as long standing calls over a dedicated channel have the same characteristic of reusing the COUNT. + +**REQ-4:** Prevent the same key stream block being used in uplink and downlink direction. + +This requirement is fulfilled by Point to Point voice calls already (see clause C.1.2). By reusing the same mechanisms for uplink/downlink key stream derivation (i.e. reusing A5) the VBS/VGCS ciphering also fulfils this requirement. + +## F.3 Storage of the Master Group Keys and overview of flows + +The master group keys (in short called group keys in this Annex) are securely stored at two locations: + +- GCR: Beside other information, the GCR stores for each Group\_Id a list of group keys. Each group key is uniquely identified by the Group\_Id, the group key number VK\_Id and the service type; +- USIM: The USIM contains a list of 2 group keys for each Group\_Id. Deletion or changing of group keys are allowed only via OTA or via USIM-personalisation. + +The Short Term Key VSTK shall be deleted by the network entities after tearing down the call and by the ME on power down or UICC removal. On each new VGCS/VBS call set up, a new short term key VSTK shall be generated. + +### F.3.1 Distribution of ciphering data during establishment of a voice/broadcast group call + +This signalling flow indicates the distribution of the VGCS parameters during the establishment of a ciphered voice group call. Figure F.3.1-1 shows the distribution of the VSTK\_RAND, VSTK, VK\_Id, A5\_id and Cell\_Global\_Count between MSC, BSC and MS. The main points are: + +- The Notification/NCH and Notification/FACCH are used to transfer the VSTK\_RAND, VK\_Id and Cell\_Global\_Count between the BSS and the MS. +- The PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL is used to transfer the VSTK, VSTK\_RAND, VK\_Id and A5\_Id between MSC-A and MSC-B. +- The VGCS/VBS Assignment Request transfers the VSTK, VSTK\_RAND, VK\_Id and A5\_Id between the MSC and the BSC. + +| | | | | | | | | +|-----|-----|-----|-------|-----|-----|-----|-------| +| MS' | MSs | BSS | MSC-A | VLR | GCR | FNT | MSC-R | +|-----|-----|-----|-------|-----|-----|-----|-------| + +![Sequence diagram showing network signaling between MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-A, VLR, GCR, FNT, and MSC-R. The diagram includes messages such as SYS_INFO, RACH, IMM_ASS, SABM, UA, Authentication, SETUP, CH_MOD_MODFY, VGCS_ASS_REQUEST, PROC_ACC_REQ, SEND_INFO_OUT, COMPLETE_CALL, GCR_INT, ASS_REQ, and PREPARE_GROUP_CALL.](ffe0fef452a0ae9a20253c319c54e13c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS' + participant MSs + participant BSS + participant MSC-A + participant VLR + participant GCR + participant FNT + participant MSC-R + + MS'-->>MSs: [SYS_INFO (NCH allocated)] + MSs->>BSS: RACH (CHAN_REQ) + BSS-->>MSs: IMM_ASS + MSs->>BSS: SABM (SERV_REQ [TMSI, CKSN]) + BSS-->>MSs: UA (SERVICE_REQ) + BSS->>MSC-A: COM_L3_INFO + MSC-A->>VLR: PROC_ACC_REQ + VLR-->>MSC-A: PROC_ACC_ACK + MSC-A-->>MSs: Authentication & Ciphering (NOTE 1) + MSs->>BSS: SETUP + BSS->>MSC-A: SETUP + MSC-A->>VLR: SEND_INFO_OUT + VLR-->>MSC-A: COMPLETE_CALL + MSC-A->>GCR: GCR_INT (Group Id) + GCR-->>MSC-A: GCR_INT_ACK (VK_Id, VSTK_RAND, VSTK, A5_Id) + MSC-A->>BSS: ASS_REQ + BSS-->>MSs: CH_MOD_MODFY + MSs->>BSS: CH_MOD_MODFY_ACK + BSS->>MSC-A: ASS_COMP + MSC-A->>FNT: SETUP (to FN) + MSC-A->>BSS: VGCS_ASS_REQUEST (Group Id, VK_Id, VSTK_RAND, VSTK, A5_Id) (NOTE 2, 3) + BSS-->>MSC-A: Txx + MSC-A->>MSC-R: PREPARE_GROUP_CALL (Group Id, VK_Id, VSTK_RAND, VSTK, A5_Id) + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing network signaling between MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-A, VLR, GCR, FNT, and MSC-R. The diagram includes messages such as SYS\_INFO, RACH, IMM\_ASS, SABM, UA, Authentication, SETUP, CH\_MOD\_MODFY, VGCS\_ASS\_REQUEST, PROC\_ACC\_REQ, SEND\_INFO\_OUT, COMPLETE\_CALL, GCR\_INT, ASS\_REQ, and PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL. + +![Sequence diagram showing network signaling between a User Equipment (UE) and a Network (consisting of MSC-R and FN). The diagram is split into two parts. The top part shows the preparation and connection of a group call, including PREPARE_GROUP CALL_ACK, SETUP, CONNECT, SEND GROUP CALL END SIGNAL, FORWARD_GROUP CALL_SIGNALLING (IMSI), and CONNECT (from FN). The bottom part shows the release of the group call, including UPLINK_RELEASE, UPLINK_RELEASE_IND, FORWARD_GROUP CALL_SIGNAL (uplink rel ind), CHAN_RELEASE, CLR_CMD, CLR_COMP, and DISC. Various NOTIFY_REQ and PERIODIC NOTIF_REQ messages are also shown between the UE and the Network.](a963ca41bde1669b18a4b783616f228b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant Network + Note right of Network: PREPARE_GROUP CALL_ACK + Network->>UE: SETUP (to MSC-R) + UE-->>Network: CONNECT (from MSC-R) + Network->>UE: SEND GROUP CALL END SIGNAL + Network->>UE: FORWARD_GROUP CALL_SIGNALLING (IMSI) + Network->>UE: CONNECT (from FN) + UE-->>Network: VGCS_ASS_RESULT + UE->>Network: NOTIFY_REQ (NCH) (Group Id, VK_Id, VSTK_RAND, cell global count,) (NOTE 2) + UE->>Network: NOTIFY_REQ (FACCH) (Group Id, VK_Id, VSTK_RAND, cell global count,) (NOTE 2) + UE->>Network: CONNECT + UE->>Network: PERIODIC NOTIF_REQ (NCH) (Group Id, VK_Id, VSTK_RAND, cell global count,) (NOTE 2) + UE->>Network: Periodic SACCH Info + + Note left of UE: UPLINK_RELEASE + UE->>Network: UPLINK_RELEASE_IND + Network->>UE: FORWARD_GROUP CALL_SIGNAL (uplink rel ind) + UE->>Network: CHAN_RELEASE + Network->>UE: CLR_CMD + Network->>UE: CLR_COMP + UE->>Network: DISC + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing network signaling between a User Equipment (UE) and a Network (consisting of MSC-R and FN). The diagram is split into two parts. The top part shows the preparation and connection of a group call, including PREPARE\_GROUP CALL\_ACK, SETUP, CONNECT, SEND GROUP CALL END SIGNAL, FORWARD\_GROUP CALL\_SIGNALLING (IMSI), and CONNECT (from FN). The bottom part shows the release of the group call, including UPLINK\_RELEASE, UPLINK\_RELEASE\_IND, FORWARD\_GROUP CALL\_SIGNAL (uplink rel ind), CHAN\_RELEASE, CLR\_CMD, CLR\_COMP, and DISC. Various NOTIFY\_REQ and PERIODIC NOTIF\_REQ messages are also shown between the UE and the Network. + +- NOTE 1: If authentication and ciphering are performed, then the dedicated channel of the originator of the voice group call is ciphered with the cipher key Kc generated during the authentication procedure. If ciphering is started without authentication, the cipher key indicated with CKSN in the Service Request message is used. +- NOTE 2: The Group Id and the Group cipher key number (VK\_Id) are included in the Descriptive group call reference. +- NOTE 3: The permitted ciphering algorithm (A5\_Id) is included in the Encryption information. +- NOTE 4: MS' = calling subscriber mobile station; +MSs = destination subscriber mobile stations; +FNT = fixed network user terminal; +MSC-A = anchor MSC; +MSC-R = relay MSC. + +**Figure F.3.1-1: Distribution of ciphering data during establishment of a voice group call** + +## F.3.2 Signalling information required for the voice group call uplink access in the anchor MSC (normal case, subsequent talker on dedicated channel) + +Figure F.3.2-1 shows how the MS and the BSC determine the Cipher Key Sequence Number (CKSN) and Ciphering algorithm to use when the VGCS talker is switched to a dedicated channel. The main points are: + +- The MS reads the CKSN and the individual cipher key Kc from the USIM and passes the value to the BSC via the TALKER INDICATION Message +- The CKSN is passed from the BSC to the MSC via the UPLINK REQUEST CONFIRMATION message (within Layer 3 information). +- The MS and BSC are informed of the ciphering algorithm identity in the ASSIGNMENT COMMAND message. + +**MS** + +**BSS** + +**MSC-A** + +**MSC-R** + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling information for voice group call uplink access in the anchor MSC. The diagram involves four lifelines: MS, MSC, BGCF, and MGCF. The sequence starts with UPLINK_FREE from MS to MSC, followed by UPLINK_ACCESS from MS to MSC. MSC sends UPLINK_REQUEST to BGCF. BGCF responds with VGCS_UPLINK_GRANT to MSC. MSC sends UPLINK_BUSY to MS. MS sends SABM (TALKER_IND [TMSI, CKSN]) to MSC. MSC sends UA (TALKER_IND) to MS. MSC sends UPLINK_REQ_ACK to BGCF. BGCF sends FORWARD_GROUP CALL_SIGN. (uplink seized command) to MGCF. MGCF sends UPLINK_REQ_CONF (TALKER_IND [TMSI, CKSN]) to MSC. MSC sends ASS_REQ (Kc) to MGCF. MGCF sends Dedicated channel assignment (NOTE 1) to MSC. MSC sends ASSIGNMENT_CMD (cipher mode setting) to MS. MS sends ASSIGNMENT_COMP to MSC. MSC sends ASS_COMP to MGCF. Conversation proceeds. MSC sends UPLINK_RELEASE to MS. MGCF sends UPLINK_RELEASE_IND to MSC. MSC sends UPLINK_FREE to MS. MGCF sends FORWARD_GROUP CALL_SIGN. (uplink release indication) to MGCF.](e16bfa31d748f4d99ec4ae3d16656926_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant MSC + participant BGCF + participant MGCF + + Note left of MS: UPLINK_FREE + MS->>MSC: UPLINK_ACCESS + MSC->>BGCF: UPLINK_REQUEST + BGCF-->>MSC: VGCS_UPLINK_GRANT + Note left of MSC: UPLINK_BUSY + MSC-->>MS: SABM (TALKER_IND [TMSI, CKSN]) + Note left of MS: UA (TALKER_IND) + MSC-->>BGCF: UPLINK_REQ_ACK + BGCF-->>MGCF: FORWARD_GROUP CALL_SIGN. (uplink seized command) + Note left of MGCF: UPLINK_REQ_CONF (TALKER_IND [TMSI, CKSN]) + MGCF-->>MSC: ASS_REQ (Kc) + Note left of MGCF: Dedicated channel assignment (NOTE 1) + MGCF-->>MSC: ASSIGNMENT_CMD (cipher mode setting) + Note left of MS: (NOTE 2, 3) + MS-->>MSC: ASSIGNMENT_COMP + MSC-->>MGCF: ASS_COMP + Note left of MGCF: Conversation proceeds + MGCF-->>MSC: UPLINK_RELEASE + Note left of MSC: UPLINK_RELEASE_IND + MSC-->>MS: UPLINK_FREE + Note left of MGCF: FORWARD_GROUP CALL_SIGN. (uplink release indication) + MGCF-->>MGCF: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling information for voice group call uplink access in the anchor MSC. The diagram involves four lifelines: MS, MSC, BGCF, and MGCF. The sequence starts with UPLINK\_FREE from MS to MSC, followed by UPLINK\_ACCESS from MS to MSC. MSC sends UPLINK\_REQUEST to BGCF. BGCF responds with VGCS\_UPLINK\_GRANT to MSC. MSC sends UPLINK\_BUSY to MS. MS sends SABM (TALKER\_IND [TMSI, CKSN]) to MSC. MSC sends UA (TALKER\_IND) to MS. MSC sends UPLINK\_REQ\_ACK to BGCF. BGCF sends FORWARD\_GROUP CALL\_SIGN. (uplink seized command) to MGCF. MGCF sends UPLINK\_REQ\_CONF (TALKER\_IND [TMSI, CKSN]) to MSC. MSC sends ASS\_REQ (Kc) to MGCF. MGCF sends Dedicated channel assignment (NOTE 1) to MSC. MSC sends ASSIGNMENT\_CMD (cipher mode setting) to MS. MS sends ASSIGNMENT\_COMP to MSC. MSC sends ASS\_COMP to MGCF. Conversation proceeds. MSC sends UPLINK\_RELEASE to MS. MGCF sends UPLINK\_RELEASE\_IND to MSC. MSC sends UPLINK\_FREE to MS. MGCF sends FORWARD\_GROUP CALL\_SIGN. (uplink release indication) to MGCF. + +NOTE 1: In this case the MSC decided to transfer the subsequent talker to a dedicated channel. The MSC includes the individual cipher key Kc indicated in the Talker Indication message with CKSN. + +NOTE 2: Upon reception of the ASSIGNMENT CMD message which transfers the MS from the group call channel to a dedicated channel, the MS starts transmission and reception on the dedicated channel in ciphered mode, using the ciphering algorithm indicated in the cipher mode setting and using the individual cipher key Kc. + +NOTE 3: The network configuration has to take care that ciphering is applied to a dedicated channel belonging to a ciphered VGCS Channel. + +**Figure F.3.2-1: Signalling information required for the voice group call uplink access in the anchor MSC (normal case, subsequent talker on dedicated channel)** + +### F.3.3 Signalling information required to transfer the originator or subsequent talker from a dedicated channel to a group call channel + +Figure F.3.3-1 shows the MS being transferred from a dedicated channel to the group channel via the ASSIGNMENT COMMAND message. The main points are: + +- The group channel is ciphered with VGCS ciphering +- The VK\_Id, VSTK\_RAND and Cell\_Global\_Count are supplied in the ASSIGNMENT COMMAND message in order for the MS to calculate the voice group ciphering keys. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling between MS, BSS, MSC-A, and MSC-R for group call channel assignment.](7472c67897a35ed6b67fcb47ea4c6b6c_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS + participant MSC-A + participant MSC-R + BSS->>MS: ASSIGNMENT_CMD (VK_Id, VSTK_RAND, Cell_global_Count) + Note right of BSS: (NOTE 1) + Note left of MS: (NOTE 2) + MS->>BSS: ASSIGNMENT_COMP + BSS->>MSC-A: CLR_REQ (Joined group call channel) + MSC-A->>BSS: CLR_CMD + BSS->>MSC-A: CLR_COMP + MS-->>MSC-A: Conversation proceeds +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling between MS, BSS, MSC-A, and MSC-R for group call channel assignment. + +NOTE 1: In this case the BSC decided to transfer the originator or subsequent talker to a group call channel. + +NOTE 2: Upon reception of the ASSIGNMENT CMD message, if the Group cipher key number is different from 'no ciphering', the MS derives the cipher key $V\_Kc$ and starts transmission and reception on the group call channel in ciphered mode, using $V\_Kc$ . + +**Figure F.3.3-1: Signalling information required to transfer the originator or subsequent talker from a dedicated channel to a group call channel** + +## F.4 Key derivation + +The key derivation of the encryption is performed in two steps: + +1. derivation of a short term key VSTK on the GCR-side and USIM; VSTK\_RAND generation on the GCR-side and sending it to the ME via the BSS for use on the USIM; +2. derivation of the actual encryption key $V\_Kc$ in the BSS and ME. + +![Flowchart of key derivation process](fc3e2b49a9f850951570e502393b697f_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; A[Group_Id; VK_Id; Service_type] --> B[Key derivation within the USIM]; C[VSTK_RAND] --> B; B --> D[Short term key VSTK]; D --> E[Create cell dependent keys on ME]; F[Cell Global Identifier (CGI); CELL_GLOBAL_COUNT] --> E; E --> G[Ciphering Key V_Kc] +``` + +The diagram illustrates the key derivation process. It starts with two input parameters, **Group\_Id; VK\_Id; Service\_type** and **VSTK\_RAND**, which are fed into a process box labeled **Key derivation within the USIM**. This process outputs a **Short term key VSTK**. This short term key, along with the **Cell Global Identifier (CGI); CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT**, is then fed into another process box labeled **Create cell dependent keys on ME**. The final output of this process is the **Ciphering Key V\_Kc**. + +Flowchart of key derivation process + +Figure F.1: Key derivation + +## F.4.1 Key derivation within the USIM / GCR + +This function is performed on: + +- the set-up of a voice group or broadcast call by the GCR; +- entry to a voice group or broadcast call by the USIM. + +On the set-up of a voice group/broadcast call the GCR generates the VSTK\_RAND (See Annex G). Also an appropriate group key V\_Ki (identified by VK\_Id, Group\_Id and Service\_type) is selected by the GCR. Using the function A8\_V a short term key VSTK is derived using as input parameters: + +- V\_Ki (Group\_Id , VK\_Id, Service\_type); +- VSTK\_RAND. + +Output of A8\_V is: + +- VSTK + +![Diagram of the A8_V function. A green rectangular box labeled 'A8_V' has two input arrows from above: 'V_Ki(Group_Id, VK_Id, Service_type)' and 'VSTK_RAND'. An output arrow points downwards from the box to the label 'VSTK'.](6a993bfdf2e00cfad01c4d2188a75d86_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + A8_V[A8_V] + V_Ki["V_Ki(Group_Id, VK_Id, Service_type)"] --> A8_V + VSTK_RAND --> A8_V + A8_V --> VSTK + +``` + +Diagram of the A8\_V function. A green rectangular box labeled 'A8\_V' has two input arrows from above: 'V\_Ki(Group\_Id, VK\_Id, Service\_type)' and 'VSTK\_RAND'. An output arrow points downwards from the box to the label 'VSTK'. + +**Figure F.2** + +The GCR sends the parameters Group\_Id, VK\_Id, VSTK\_RAND, VSTK, A5\_Id via the anchor-MSC and the relay-MSC's to the BSS. The BSS signals the Group\_Id, VSTK\_RAND and VK\_Id to the ME. + +On the ME-side, each ME sends the Group\_Id of the voice group or broadcast call, the identifier of the key VK\_Id, the Service\_type and the VSTK\_RAND to the USIM. The USIM performs the calculation of the short term key VSTK using the function A8\_V and returns it (together with the encryption algorithm identifier A5\_Id). + +## F.4.2 Key derivation within the ME/BSS + +This function is performed by the ME on: + +- entry to a voice group/broadcast call; +- cell reselection; +- changing of the value of CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT; +- Handover. + +On the network side the function is performed by the BSS on + +- set-up of a voice group/broadcast call in a cell; +- changing of the value of CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT. + +For each cell the BSS and ME calculate an encryption key V\_Kc using the key modification function KMF. Input parameter of the KMF are: + +- VSTK: the short term key for this voice call group and this call; +- CGI: the cell global identifier which identifies a cell world-wide uniquely; +- CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT: this parameter shall be incremented by the BSS when the TDMA-frame-number wraps around. + +NOTE: The MS and network SHALL be aligned regarding the value of the CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT. In case of transmissions on the FACCH, this requires that the network transmits a part of the whole of the TDMA frame number together with the CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT. + +The output of the key modification function is the actually cipher key V\_Kc. + +![Diagram of the KMF key derivation function showing inputs VSTK, CGI, and CELL_GLOBAL_COUNT entering a KMF block, which outputs V_Kc.](d04c50badc78d5ba47bf4e352af4a754_img.jpg) + +``` + + graph TD + VSTK --> KMF[KMF] + CGI --> KMF + CELL_GLOBAL_COUNT --> KMF + KMF --> VKc[V_Kc] + +``` + +Diagram of the KMF key derivation function showing inputs VSTK, CGI, and CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT entering a KMF block, which outputs V\_Kc. + +**Figure F.3** + +To provide the required information to the ME the parameters CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT and CGI are included in various messages from the BSS to the ME (i.e. CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT on the NCH, FACCH and PCH, and the CGI on the BCCH and the FACCH). + +## F.4.3 Encryption algorithm selection + +The encryption algorithm identifier A5\_Id is stored in the GCR and the USIM. For each group key $V\_Ki(Group\_Id, VK\_Id, Service\_type)$ there is a unique A5\_Id. + +A5\_Id is transmitted from the GCR to the BSS. The ME fetches the A5\_Id together with the VSTK from the USIM. + +NOTE 1: It is possible that different algorithm identifiers are bound to different $V\_Ki$ of the same group. + +NOTE 2: The algorithm identifier A5\_Id stored in the GCR and on the USIM shall match with the encryption capabilities of the ME's used by the group and the BSS where the voice group calls are allowed to take place. + +## F.4.4 Algorithm requirements + +### F.4.4.1 A8\_V + +The key derivation function A8\_V has the following input and output parameter: + +Input Parameter: + +VSTK\_RAND: 36 bit value (see annex G); + +$V\_Ki(Group\_Id, VK\_Id, Service\_type)$ : 128 bit secret key; + +Output: + +VSTK: 128 bit short term key + +A8\_V is an operator specific algorithm. The calculation time for A8\_V shall not exceed 500 ms. + +A8\_V is implemented in the GCR and on the USIM. + +### F.4.4.2 KMF + +The key derivation function KMF has the following input and output parameter: + +Input Parameter: + +VSTK: 128 bit short term key; + +CGI: the cell global identifier: 56 bit (TS 23.003 [F6]); + +CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT: 2 bit. + +Output: + +V\_Kc 128 bit encryption key. + +The KMF is implemented in the BSS and in the ME. + +The specification of KMF can be found in clause F.6 + +## F.5 Encryption of voice group calls + +For the encryption of a voice group call the same encryption algorithms are used as for a normal GSM speech call. Which algorithm out of the algorithm suite A5/x is used is determined by the identifier A5\_Id, which is stored on the USIM (together with the group key V\_Ki(Group\_Id, VK\_Id, Service\_type)). The algorithm A5/X is used in the same way as in the GSM (see clause C.1) using the key V\_Kc as encryption/decryption key Kc as input to A5/x. + +If the key length KL of the encryption algorithm A5/X is shorter than the length of V\_Kc (128 bit) then only bits [0] to [KL-1] of V\_Kc are used. + +![Diagram of the encryption process for voice group calls. A block labeled 'KMF' outputs a 128-bit key 'V_Kc' to an 'A5' block. The 'A5' block also receives a 'COUNT 22 bits' input. The 'A5' block outputs a stream that is XORed with 'Plaintext/ciphertext' (114 bits) to produce 'Ciphertext/plaintext'.](66d0552e5fd6054c703a424399f3be08_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the encryption process. On the left, a block labeled 'KMF' has an output arrow labeled 'V\_Kc' pointing to a block labeled 'A5'. Below the 'KMF' block, an arrow labeled 'COUNT 22 bits' points to the 'A5' block. The 'A5' block has an output arrow pointing down to a circular XOR symbol (a circle with a cross). To the left of the XOR symbol, an arrow labeled 'Plaintext/ciphertext' and '114 bits' points into the XOR symbol. To the right of the XOR symbol, an arrow labeled 'Ciphertext/plaintext' points away from it. + +Diagram of the encryption process for voice group calls. A block labeled 'KMF' outputs a 128-bit key 'V\_Kc' to an 'A5' block. The 'A5' block also receives a 'COUNT 22 bits' input. The 'A5' block outputs a stream that is XORed with 'Plaintext/ciphertext' (114 bits) to produce 'Ciphertext/plaintext'. + +Figure F.4 + +## F.6 Specification of the Key Modification Function (KMF) + +SHA-1 (FIPS PUB 180-1 [F7]) is used for generating V\_Kc: + +$$V\_Kc = \text{SHA-1}(VSTK \mid CGI \mid CELL\_GLOBAL\_COUNT \mid VSTK)$$ + +From the 160 bit output of SHA-1, the bits numbered as [0] to [127] are taken as 128 bit V\_Kc. + +## Annex G (informative): Generation of VSTK\_RAND + +All data variables in this Annex are presented with the most significant substring on the left hand side and the least significant substring on the right hand side. A substring may be a bit, byte or other arbitrary length bitstring. Where a variable is broken down into a number of substrings, the leftmost (most significant) substring is numbered 0, the next most significant is numbered 1, and so on through to the least significant. + +Since the length of VSTK\_RAND (36 bits) is small, care should be taken that a VSTK\_RAND isn't generated twice (so-called collision) during the lifetime of V\_Ki. On the other hand, the predictability of VSTK\_RAND shall be avoided. The following scheme could be used in order to generate 4096 VSTK\_RAND for each V\_Ki with a probability $< 10^{-6}$ that a collision occurs. + +NOTE: A collision probability of $< 10^{-4}$ could still give a sufficient security margin and may allow, depending on the VSTK\_RAND structure that is chosen, that more VSTK can be generated from one V\_Ki. + +The GCR maintains a COUNTER (12 bits) for each voice group. After each generation of a VSTK\_RAND for a specific voice group, COUNTER for that voice group is incremented by one. + +The left most 12 bits (COUNTER) of VSTK\_RAND are set to COUNTER. The remaining 24 bits (RANDOM) are generated randomly, i.e. unpredictably for each new VSTK\_RAND. + +Therefore $VSTK\_RAND = COUNTER \mid RANDOM$ . + +NOTE: For security reasons, any adopted scheme shall contain at least 24 true random bits. + +If COUNTER wraps around, a new V\_Ki is required for that group. + +Table G.1 gives the maximum number of voice group calls that are possible with a full random generated VSTK\_RAND: + +**Table G.1: Maximum number of voice group calls that are possible with a with a full random generated VSTK\_RAND** + +| Length of VSTK_RAND | Max collision prob for fixed V_Ki | Number of calls | +|---------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------| +| 36 | $10^{-6}$ | 371 | +| 36 | $10^{-4}$ | TBD371 | + +Table G.2 gives the maximum number of voice group calls that are possible with a VSTK\_RAND, as structured in this annex. + +**Table G.2: Maximum number of voice group calls that are possible with a VSTK\_RAND** + +| Total challenge length | Length of counter | Length of random part | Max collision prob for fixed V_Ki | Max collision prob for one fixed counter | Number of calls for one fixed counter | Total number of calls for fixed V_Ki | +|------------------------|-------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------------------|------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------------| +| 36 | 12 | 24 | $10^{-6}$ | $2.44 \times 10^{-10}$ | 1 | 4096 | +| 36 | 12 | 24 | $10^{-4}$ | $2.44 \times 10^{-8}$ | 1 | 4096 | + +Explanation of the columns of table G.2: + +Max collision probability for fixed V\_Ki: what we have determined, for security reasons, should be the maximum probability that the same value of VSTK\_RAND (and hence the same value of VSTK) is used twice before the value of V\_Ki is changed. $10^{-6}$ is a strong security setting; $10^{-4}$ is not quite so strong, but probably adequate. + +Max collision probability for one fixed counter: suppose that VSTK\_RAND is made up of $N_c$ counter bits and $N_r$ random bits. We assume that the counter part will take all possible $2^{N_c}$ values before V\_Ki is updated. Having selected our required "Max collision prob for fixed V\_Ki", this is the corresponding maximum permitted probability that the same value of the $N_r$ random bits (and hence the same value of VSTK) is used twice for a fixed value of the $N_c$ counter bits. + +## Annex H (informative): Change History + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Cat | Old | New | +| Nov 2000 | - | - | - | - | Transferred to 3GPP as 3GPP TS 43.020 version 4.0.0 (Release 4) | - | 9.0.0 | 4.0.0 | +| July 2002 | SA#16 | - | - | - | | - | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Sept 2004 | SP-25 | SP-040615 | 0001 | - | Introducing VGCS/VBS ciphering (Creation of Rel-6 version) | B | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Sept 2004 | - | - | - | - | General editorial changes and Annex G created from clause F.7 (MCC) | - | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Dec 2004 | SP-26 | SP-040862 | 0002 | 2 | Clarifications to VGCS/VBS ciphering mechanism | F | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| Dec 2004 | SP-26 | SP-040862 | 0002 | 2 | Clarifying the support of algorithms within mobile stations | C | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2005-09 | SP-29 | SP-050567 | 0004 | - | Correction of USIM based ciphering on dedicated channels | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2005-09 | SP-29 | SP-050566 | 0005 | - | Correction on service specific group keys | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2005-09 | SP-29 | SP-050550 | 0006 | - | Clarify ciphering for A5 algorithms that do not produce bit after bit output. | F | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2006-03 | SP-31 | SP-060050 | 0009 | - | Correction of a reference | F | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| 2006-06 | SP-32 | SP-060377 | 0012 | - | Correction and clarification of requirements relating to A5 algorithm support | F | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| 2007-06 | SP-36 | - | - | - | Update to Rel-7 version (MCC) | - | 6.4.0 | 7.0.0 | +| 2007-09 | SP-37 | SP-070592 | 0016 | 1 | Miscellaneous corrections to the specification of the A5 algorithm in the 8-PSK case | F | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| 2007-12 | SP-38 | SP-070784 | 0022 | - | Allowing new A5 algorithms to be introduced in future releases | A | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | +| 2008-07 | -- | -- | -- | - | Correction of history | - | 7.3.0 | 7.3.1 | +| 2008-12 | SP-42 | -- | -- | -- | Upgrade to Release 8 | - | 7.3.1 | 8.0.0 | +| 2009-09 | SP-45 | SP-090635 | 0025 | 1 | Introduction of A5/4 and GEA4 | B | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2009-09 | SP-46 | SP-090821 | 0026 | 1 | algorithm selection for GSM subscriber in 128-bit encryption | F | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | -- | 9.1.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2011-06 | SP-52 | SP-110268 | 0028 | - | A5/3 and A5/4 support in GSM | B | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| 2013-03 | SP-59 | SP-130037 | 0029 | - | Warning regarding GEA1 support in mobile stations | F | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | +| 2014-06 | SP-64 | SP-140311 | 0032 | 2 | Kc128 derivation at intra GERAN mobility | A | 11.1.0 | 11.2.0 | + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|---------|-----------|------|-----|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Date | Meeting | TDoc | CR | Rev | Cat | Subject/Comment | New version | +| 2021-06 | SA#92e | SP-210448 | 0059 | 1 | F | Removal of GEA1 and depreciation GEA2 due to security concerns | 11.3.0 | +| 2022-03 | SA#95e | SP-220211 | 0064 | - | F | Correcting the update to the support of GEA algorithms in Rel-11 | 11.4.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43026/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43026/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b054393663199bb6da07ce16120c1463b4c8c345 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43026/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,435 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 1.1 References ..... | 5 | +| 1.2 Abbreviations ..... | 5 | +| 2 General..... | 5 | +| 2.1 Multiband MSs..... | 5 | +| 2.2 Frequency bands of operation ..... | 5 | +| 2.3 Backwards compatibility..... | 5 | +| 2.4 PLMN codes..... | 6 | +| 2.5 Other systems ..... | 6 | +| 3 Requirements ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 User requirements ..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Operator requirements..... | 6 | +| 3.3 Radio requirements ..... | 7 | +| 3.4 Relation to frequency hopping ..... | 7 | +| 4 Functional description..... | 7 | +| 4.1 Idle mode procedures ..... | 7 | +| 4.1.1 PLMN selection..... | 7 | +| 4.1.2 Cell re-selection..... | 7 | +| 4.1.3 Location areas..... | 7 | +| 4.2 Connected mode procedures ..... | 7 | +| 4.3 Handover ..... | 8 | +| 4.4 Frequency and power capabilities..... | 8 | +| 5 Technical realization and amendments ..... | 8 | +| 5.1 Mixed neighbour cell lists..... | 8 | +| 5.2 Frequency and power capabilities..... | 9 | +| 5.3 Measurement reports..... | 9 | +| 6 Backwards compatibility..... | 9 | +| 6.1 Support of single band operation ..... | 9 | +| 6.1.1 Single band MSs..... | 9 | +| 6.1.2 Single band networks ..... | 9 | +| 6.2 Mixed neighbour cell lists..... | 10 | +| 6.2.1 Phase 1 MSs ..... | 10 | +| 6.2.2 Phase 2 MSs ..... | 10 | +| 6.3 Detected compatibility problems and their solutions (when possible) ..... | 10 | +| 6.3.1 New messages on the BCCH..... | 10 | +| 6.3.2 New messages on the SACCH ..... | 10 | +| Annex A: List of amendments necessary ..... | 11 | +| A.1 Approved by TC SMG for Phase 2..... | 11 | +| A.2 Approved by TC SMG and put on HOLD..... | 11 | +| A.3 Proposed for WI "Technical enhancements" and required by WI "Multiband operation" ..... | 11 | +| A.4 Proposed for WI "Multiband operation" ..... | 11 | +| A.5 Change Requests related to WI "Multiband operation" after 1996..... | 13 | +| Annex B: Change History..... | 15 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The purpose of the present document is to describe the functionality of a Multiband GSM/DCS Network operated by a single operator and the Multiband GSM/DCS Mobile Station (MS). It also describes the necessary amendments to the GSM/DCS phase 2 specifications for the technical realization of the function. + +The resulting Amendment Requests (AR) and Change Requests (CR) necessary for Multiband Operation are listed in annex A. + +## 1.1 References + +Not relevant to the present document. + +## 1.2 Abbreviations + +Abbreviations used in the present document are listed in GSM 01.04. + +# --- 2 General + +Multiband operation of GSM/DCS by a single operator enables an operator, with licenses in more than one of the frequency bands specified in the GSM specifications, to support the use of multiband MSs in all bands of the licenses. In addition it also enables the operator to support the use of single band MSs in, at least, one band of the licenses. + +Multiband GSM/DCS MSs, are MSs which are capable of using more than one of the frequency bands specified in the GSM specifications. The multiband MS is specified in GSM 02.06. (AR02.06-A001) and in section 2.1. + +The use of multiband operation and development of multiband MSs are optional for operators and manufactures. + +## 2.1 Multiband MSs + +A MS which supports more than one band and the functionality below is defined as a Multiband MS. + +The multiband MS has the functionality to perform handover, channel assignment, cell selection and cell re-selection between all its bands of operation within one PLMN, i.e. when one PLMN code is used in all bands. In addition it has the functionality to make PLMN selection, in manual or automatic mode, in all its bands of operation. The multiband MS shall meet all requirements specified for each individual band supported. In addition it shall meet the extra functional requirements for the multiband MSs. + +## 2.2 Frequency bands of operation + +Multiband operation shall be possible with any combination of the frequency bands specified in the GSM specifications. No frequency band is treated as a primary band in the specification. The operators may however use control mechanisms to make the MSs treat one of the bands with priority. + +As a first implementation of Multiband operation only operation with GSM 900 (Standard or Extended) and DCS 1 800 is included in the standard. The proposed procedures shall however make it possible for operation between other bands if such are included in the core specifications in the future. + +## 2.3 Backwards compatibility + +Backwards compatibility with phase 1 and phase 2 single band mobiles shall be ensured by the specification of multiband operation. A multiband PLMN shall therefore, in addition to support of multiband MSs, be able to support the use of single band mobiles for, at least one of the bands of operation. + +Backwards compatibility by the multiband MSs shall also be ensured. The MSs shall therefore be able to, functionally, work as single band mobiles in a single band network. + +## 2.4 PLMN codes + +Multiband operation of GSM/DCS by a single operator, with handover and assignment between the bands, implies that only one PLMN code is used in all bands of operation. Handover or assignment between PLMNs is not covered by this document or the work item. + +An operator, with license in more than one band, may however support multiband mobiles without handover and assignment between the bands. If so, more than one PLMN code may be used. This is already covered with the phase 1 and phase 2 specifications. + +## 2.5 Other systems + +Multiband operation by a single operator does not include multi mode operation, i.e. handover, assignment or roaming between GSM/DCS and systems covered by other specifications or standards. The amendments of the GSM/DCS specifications for multiband operation may however be done in a flexible way so that multi mode operation can make use of the same procedures. + +# --- 3 Requirements + +## 3.1 User requirements + +No special actions by the user shall be necessary to use a multiband MS. The possibility for the user to decide to operate the MS in a single band mode may however be supported. Indications may also be given to the user of which band is being used. + +The user of a multiband MS shall be able to roam between PLMNs operating in any of the MS's frequency bands of operation. The MS shall therefore, at PLMN selection, present all available PLMNs within its frequency bands of operation. + +## 3.2 Operator requirements + +The use of multiband operation shall be optional for the operator. Multiband MSs must therefore be able to, functionally, work as single band MSs in a single band network. + +When multiband operation is used, it shall be possible to provide coverage in one frequency band independently of the coverage in another band.. + +Two options can be implemented by an operator when operating a multiband network : + +- i) a BCCH in each band of operation; +- ii) a common BCCH in only one of the band of operation when resources across all bands are co-located and synchronized. + +NOTE: For case ii), in order to ensure proper operation of the network, the operator should take into account issues related to the difference of propagation between the different bands, e.g GSM and DCS when performing cell planning. As far as synchronization issues are concerned, the requirements for TA for multiband BTSs may only be fulfilled when the TA is the same in the two bands, i.e. within the tolerance as defined in GSM 05.10. This imposes some restrictions on the cells where the two bands are supported (e.g. small cells). + +## 3.3 Radio requirements + +The radio requirements for GSM and DCS in the present GSM/DCS specification differs in some cases. A multiband MS and the multiband network shall meet all requirements for each band of operation respectively. Type approval of multiband MSs will be covered by the respective test specifications and some additional tests for the multiband functionality. + +## 3.4 Relation to frequency hopping + +The multiband MS and the multiband network shall support frequency hopping within each band of operation. Frequency hopping between the bands of operation is not required. + +# --- 4 Functional description + +To understand the necessary amendments of the phase 2 specifications functional descriptions of different procedures and solutions are described below. The technical realization are described in clause 5 and the actual amendments are listed in annex 1 with a brief description. + +## 4.1 Idle mode procedures + +The idle mode procedures will not be different for multiband MSs or networks. Only the fact that more than one band is available has to be taken into account. + +### 4.1.1 PLMN selection + +A multiband MS shall use the normal PLMN selection procedures, as specified in GSM 02.11 and 03.22, with the additional requirement to select from all available PLMNs in all bands of operation. When presenting available PLMNs it shall show all available PLMNs within the MSs bands of operation. A multiband PLMN may have BCCHs available on more than one band but shall still be treated as one PLMN and must therefore only be presented once. + +PLMN search time, at switch on, will be the sum of the search times presently specified for each band of operation if no prior knowledge is stored in the MS. + +### 4.1.2 Cell re-selection + +The multiband network will send out neighbour cell lists which may contain a mixture of channels from different frequency bands. The multiband MSs shall follow the normal cell-re-selection procedures with the addition to monitor all channels within the neighbour cell list which are within the MS's bands of operation. All MSs shall ignore channel numbers which are outside its bands of operation. Channels within the MS's bands of operation shall be monitored. + +Priority at cell re-selection can be given to one of the bands of operation by using existing phase 2 parameters. + +Compatibility with phase 1 and phase 2 MSs will be ensured by the procedures described in clause 6. + +### 4.1.3 Location areas + +No special requirements are specified for the allocation of location areas among the cells in a multiband network. It shall therefore be possible the use the same or different location areas for cells in different frequency bands irrespective of their location. + +## 4.2 Connected mode procedures + +The multiband network will send out neighbour cell lists which may contain a mixture of channels from different frequency bands. The multiband MS shall use the normal monitor and reporting procedures with the additional requirement to monitor and report from all channels within its bands of operation. + +## 4.3 Handover + +Based on the measurement reports sent by the multiband MS the network will send handover commands to any channel within the MS's bands of operation. + +To ensure that handover is possible to a cell which was not reported to be the strongest candidate, e.g. for traffical reasons, a multiband MS shall report at least the number of strongest candidates on each band measured and identified as indicated by the parameter Multiband\_Reporting sent in System Information 2ter/5ter. The coding of this parameter is specified in AR 05.08-A006. + +Any MS will only send measurement reports from cells within its bands of operation. Handover commands to cells outside the bands of operation will therefore not occur.. + +## 4.4 Frequency and power capabilities + +The network will be informed by the MS of its frequency and power capabilities to ensure that all procedures, e.g. the handover algorithm, gets accurate information. + +# --- 5 Technical realization and amendments + +The technical realization, e.g. bit mapping, is described in this clause. Also, the necessary amendment is described and reference is made to the amendment request presented. + +## 5.1 Mixed neighbour cell lists + +A multiband network may use System Information 2/5, System Information 2bis/5bis and a new System Information 2ter/5ter to inform the MSs about the available neighbour cell frequencies. The BCCH channel list consists either of only the sub list derived from the neighbour cell description information element(s) in SI 2/5 (and possibly SI 2bis/5bis) or that sub list concatenated with the neighbour cell description information element received in SI 2ter/5ter in case SI 2ter/5ter is also received. Indication that 2ter is available is included in the SI3 rest octets. Channel numbers which are outside the bands of operation of a MS will be ignored. The scheduling of the sending of SI 2ter on BCCH is specified in AR05.02-A001. + +Solution to problems with backwards compatibility are described in clause 6. + +Different encoding of the BCCH frequencies in the BA list give different numbers of possible combinations and number of neighbour cells in the list. The limitations are given below: + +### **1024 range** + +This allows to encode 2 - 16 frequencies, the frequencies being spread among up to 1024 ARFCNs. This cover more than P-GSM, E-GSM and DCS 1800 together. + +### **512 range** + +This allows to encode 2-18 frequencies, the frequencies being spread among up to 512 consecutive ARFCNs. This would cover the E-GSM and DCS for instance. + +### **256 range** + +This allows to encode 2-22 frequencies, the frequencies being spread among up to 256 consecutive ARFCNs. + +### **128 range** + +This allows to encode 2-29 frequencies, the frequencies being spread among up to 128 consecutive ARFCNs. + +### **Variable bit map** + +This allows any combination among 112 consecutive ARFCNs. + +### **Bit map 0** + +This allows to encode 124 frequencies among ARFCNs 1-124. + +## 5.2 Frequency and power capabilities + +The network has to be informed of the frequency capabilities and the associated power capability of the multiband MS, on each frequency band, at call set up to ensure a reliable functionality. A multiband mobile shall therefore send a classmark change message with CM3 information as early as possible according to the procedure described in AR 04.08-A069 and AR 04.08-A071 (Early Classmark Sending). In order to give an early indication to the network that the MS is capable of using the Early Classmark Sending, one bit in CM1 and CM2 is used (the spare bit in front of the A5/1 bit). + +The network may forbid the MS to use Early Classmark Sending by setting the Early Classmark Sending Control (ECSC) bit in the SI3 rest octets to "L". + +The requirement on the timing of the Classmark Change message, such that the MS send CM change in the empty uplink block following the reception of the L2 UA frame, is specified in AR 04.13-A001. + +An operator may decide to delay or inhibit the sending of the Classmark Change message from the BSC to the MSC if it was received immediately after the initial L3 message. This is described in AR08.08-A013. + +Any combination of frequency bands and power capabilities in the GSM specifications shall be possible. The coding of frequency and power capabilities according to the solution in AR04.08-A007 ensure this flexibility and also give room for further evolution. + +## 5.3 Measurement reports + +The multiband MS will normally report the signal strength of six strongest and identified neighbour cells as a normal MS. These cells may however not use the same frequency band. + +To ensure that handover is possible, e.g. for traffical reasons, to a cell which was not reported to be the strongest candidate, a multiband MS shall, for each band, report at least the number of strongest candidate cells measured and identified as indicated by the MultibandReporting parameter. This parameter is sent in the 5ter and 2ter messages with two bits from the Skip Indicator, which will not be used in 2ter/5ter. The maximum of six cells reported is still unchanged. + +The sending of the MultibandReporting parameter is specified in AR04.08-A015. The coding of the two bits in the parameter is specified in AR 05.08-A006. + +# --- 6 Backwards compatibility + +Multiband operation will be specified to be backwards compatible so that no harm is made to existing networks and that phase 1 and phase 2 single band mobiles will work in a multiband network. + +## 6.1 Support of single band operation + +### 6.1.1 Single band MSs + +A multiband network will normally support single band mobiles in each of the bands of operation but in some cases (common BCCH in one band), it will only support single band mobiles in one of the bands of operation. Single band signalling will be present as well as multiband signalling. + +### 6.1.2 Single band networks + +The multiband MSs will, functionally, work as single band mobiles in a single band network. + +## 6.2 Mixed neighbour cell lists + +### 6.2.1 Phase 1 MSs + +Some phase 1 DCS mobiles ignores the whole BA list if frequencies outside the DCS band is contained in the BA list. System Information 2ter/5ter are therefore introduced to solve this problem. In multiband PLMNs, where phase 1 DCS MSs will be present, SI 2ter/5ter will be used to indicate the ARFCNs outside the DCS1800 band. SI 2ter/5ter will then be ignored by the phase 1 MSs but SI2/5 and 2bis/5bis will still be used. + +### 6.2.2 Phase 2 MSs + +Phase 2 mobiles will only ignore channel numbers, i.e. not the whole BA list, which are outside the bands of operation of the MS. This is already included in the phase 2 specifications (CR-04.08-665). + +## 6.3 Detected compatibility problems and their solutions (when possible) + +### 6.3.1 New messages on the BCCH + +Some GSM 900 phase 1 mobiles will not operate properly if new SI messages with a L2 pseudolength greater than 1 are received. To be able to provide service to these mobiles in a multiband 900-1800 network with P-GSM 900 phase 2 mobiles, the handling of the pseudolength received in SI messages have been modified and some measures to avoid the situation have been defined in ETR 09.94. The changes introduced are: + +- Phase 2 mobiles are recommended to ignore the L2 pseudolength received in all SI messages. For the System Information 2ter message mobiles are required to ignore the received L2 pseudolength. (CR -04.08-A239 rev 2 and 238 rev 2) +- Networks shall set the L2 pseudolength in the SI 2ter message to 0. SI 2bis must not be used in the P-GSM band. (CR -09.94-A007 rev 1) + +### 6.3.2 New messages on the SACCH + +Some phase 1 mobiles may experience performance degradations if the network sends SI messages not defined in phase 1 on the SACCH. The recommended measures to avoid this degradation have been defined in ETR 09.94 (CR -09.94-A007 rev 1): + +- Networks shall not send SI 5ter messages on the SACCH to phase 1 GSM or DCS mobiles or SI 5bis messages on the SACCH to phase 1 GSM mobiles. + +# --- Annex A: List of amendments necessary + +## A.1 Approved by TC SMG for Phase 2 + +A.1.1 CR-04.08-665 on mixed frequency lists + +Compatibility ensured for phase 2 mobiles in a multiband PLMN. + +## --- A.2 Approved by TC SMG and put on HOLD + +A.2.1 AR 08.58-A005r4 "Sending of SACCH System Information on a call-by-call basis" + +Procedures to send SI on SACCH based on the MS capabilities. This is part of WI "Technical Enhancements" and was approved at SMG#14. + +## --- A.3 Proposed for WI "Technical enhancements" and required by WI "Multiband operation" + +A.3.1 AR 04.08-069 "Early Classmark Sending" and AR 04.08-071 "Early Classmark Sending" + +The multiband MS shall automatically send the CLASSMARK CHANGE message as soon as the main signalling link is established (Early Classmark Sending) if so permitted by the network, as indicated in the last reception in the accessed cell of the SYSTEM INFORMATION 3 message. + +A.3.2 AR 04.13-A002r1 "Performance requirements on the sending of the CLASSMARK CHANGE message" + +Requirements on the MS to send CM Change in the first uplink block after receiving UA-frame in downlink. + +A.3.3 AR 08.08-A013r3 "Early sending of CLASSMARK CHANGE" + +Inclusion of the option for the BSS to delay or suppress the sending of the CLASSMARK UPDATE message to the MSC in case the CLASSMARK CHANGE message was received at initial connection establishment. + +A.3.4 CR 09.90-033 "Early sending of Classmark change indication in CLASSMARK IE" + +A phase 2 MS uses one bit in Classmark 1 and 2 IE to indicate its capability in terms of early sending of classmark change message. This bit was associated to another meaning and its use leads to the use of a former reserved value. + +## --- A.4 Proposed for WI "Multiband operation" + +A.4.1 AR 02.06-A001r2 "Definition of multiband MS type" + +Inclusion of multiband possibilities and definition of the multiband MS. + +A.4.2 AR 02.11-A004 "Clarifications for multiband operation" + +Clarifications about the possibilities to use multiband operation and presentation of available PLMNs. + +A.4.3 AR 03.22-A004 "Support of multiband operation by a single operator" + +Removal of inconsistencies with multiband operation. + +A.4.4 AR 04.08-A007r2 "Multiple band MSs in a dual band network" + +Extended coding of frequency and power capabilities in CM3. + +A.4.5 AR 04.08-A015r5 "New SI messages 2ter and 5 ter" + +Introduction of the two new SI messages 2ter and 5ter to ensure backwards compatibility. + +A.4.6 AR 05.01-A004 "Amendments for multiband operation" + +Clarification of the functionality of, and radio requirements on, multiband MSs. + +A.4.7 AR05.02-A001 "Inclusion of System Information 2ter for multiband operation" + +Scheduling of the sending of System Information 2ter on BCCH. + +A.4.8 AR 05.05-A008 "Amendments for multiband operation" + +Specification of possible frequency bands and the functionality of the multiband MS. + +A.4.9 AR 05.08-A006 "Amendments for multiband operation" + +Specification of the radio requirements, e.g. measurement reporting, on the multiband MS. + +A.4.10 AR08.58-A006r1 "Introduction of SI 2ter and 5ter" + +New code points for SI 2ter and 5ter included in GSM 08.58. + +A.4.11 CR11.10- 846 "Introduction of new section 26.11 for Multiband specific signalling tests" + +A.4.12 CR11.10- 847 "Inclusion of reference to new section 26.11 in introduction to section 26" + +A.4.13 CR11.10- 848 "Immediate assignment procedures: multiband" + +A.4.14 CR11.10- 849 "Handover procedure: Multiband MSs" + +A.4.15 CR11.10- 850 "Structured procedures, multiband" + +A.4.16 CR11.10- 851 "Default message contents for section 26.11" + +A.4.17 CR11.10- 852 "Modification of section 26.3 for Multiband MSs" + +A.4.18 CR11.10- 853 "Received signal measurements for multiband MSs" + +A.4.19 CR11.10- 854 "Measurement reporting for Multiband MS" + +## --- A.5 Change Requests related to WI "Multiband operation" after 1996 + +NOTE: This may not be a complete list, and is provided for indicative purposes only. + +A.5.1 CR04.08-A178 "Handling of multiple frequency redefinitions" + +A179 was the matching CR for the phase 2 specification. + +A.5.2 CR04.08-A154r2 "Indication of multislot class" + +A.5.3 CR03.26- A002r1 "Amendment for multiband Operation (common BCCH for the different bands of operation)" + +A001r1 was the matching CR for the phase 2 specification. + +A.5.4 CR05.08-A035 "Amendment for multiband operation (common BCCH for the different bands of operation)" + +A034 was the matching CR for the phase 2 specification. Linked to CR03.26 A002r1 above. + +A.5.5 CR04.08-A214 "Coding of classmark information for multiband mobiles" + +A210r1 was the matching CR for the phase 2 specification. + +A.5.6 CR04.08-A207r1 "Handling of classmark information at band change" + +A204r2 was the matching CR for the phase 2 specification. + +A.5.7 CR 04.08-A239r2 "Clarification of use of L2 Pseudo Length in SYSTEM INFORMATION messages" (phase 2 , release -95) + +A.5.8 CR 04.08-A238r2 "Clarification of use of L2 Pseudo Length in SYSTEM INFORMATION messages" (phase 2+, release -96) + +A.5.9 CR 09.94- A007r1 "Handling of new phase 2 BCCH and SACCH messages by phase 1 MS" + +# Annex B: Change History + +| Change history | | | | | | +|----------------|-----------|---------|------------------|-------------|----------------------| +| SMG No. | TDoc. No. | CR. No. | Section affected | New version | Subject/Comments | +| SMG#23 | | | | 4.3.0 | Phase 2 version | +| SMG#23 | | | | 5.2.0 | Phase 2+ version | +| SMG#27 | | | | 6.0.0 | Release 1997 version | +| SMG#29 | | | | 7.0.0 | Release 1998 version | +| SMG#31 | | | | 8.0.0 | Release 1999 version | + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|------------|----------|----|-----|-----------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG GERAN# | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2001-04 | 4 | | | | Release 4 version | | 4.0.0 | +| 2002-06 | 10 | | | | Release 5 version | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| 2002-07 | | | | | Editorial change in the front page (TS -> TR) | 5.0.0 | 5.0.1 | +| 2005-01 | | | | | Release 6 version | 5.0.1 | 6.0.0 | +| 2007-08 | 35 | | | | Release 7 version | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| 2008-12 | 40 | | | | Release 8 version | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 2009-12 | 44 | | | | Release 9 version | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | 49 | | | | Release 10 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| +| 4 Functional architecture..... | 8 | +| 5 Activation, deactivation and interrogation..... | 9 | +| 5.1 Activation..... | 10 | +| 5.1.1 X1_1-interface ..... | 10 | +| 5.1.2 X1_2-interface (IRI)..... | 11 | +| 5.1.3 X1_3-interface (IP)..... | 11 | +| 5.2 Deactivation ..... | 12 | +| 5.2.1 X1_1-interface ..... | 12 | +| 5.2.2 X1_2-interface (IRI)..... | 13 | +| 5.2.3 X1_3-interface (IP)..... | 13 | +| 5.3 Interrogation ..... | 14 | +| 5.3.1 Interrogation of the MSC/VLR and the GMSC ..... | 14 | +| 5.3.2 Interrogation of Delivery Functions ..... | 14 | +| 6 Invocation of Lawful Interception ..... | 15 | +| 6.1 Provision of Intercept Product - Circuit Switched ..... | 16 | +| 6.1.1 Void..... | 16 | +| 6.1.2 Two stubline configuration (circuit switched data or speech) to LEA..... | 17 | +| 6.1.3 X3-interface ..... | 17 | +| 6.2 Provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service..... | 18 | +| 6.3 Provision of Intercept Related Information..... | 18 | +| 6.3.1 X2-interface..... | 19 | +| 6.3.2 Structure of the events ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.3 Call Related events..... | 21 | +| 6.3.3.1 Call establishment..... | 21 | +| 6.3.3.2 Answer ..... | 21 | +| 6.3.3.3 Supplementary Services..... | 22 | +| 6.3.3.4 Handover..... | 22 | +| 6.3.3.5 Release ..... | 22 | +| 6.3.4 Non Call Related events ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.4.1 SMS ..... | 23 | +| 6.3.4.2 Location update..... | 23 | +| 6.3.4.3 Subscriber Controlled Input (SCI)..... | 23 | +| 6.4 Intercept cases for supplementary services ..... | 24 | +| 6.4.1 Interception of Multiparty call..... | 24 | +| 6.4.1.1 Intercept Product only for Multiparty ..... | 24 | +| 6.4.1.2 Intercept Related Information for Multiparty ..... | 25 | +| 6.4.2 Interception for Call Forwarding / Call Deflection ..... | 25 | +| 6.4.3 Interception on Call Hold / Call Waiting ..... | 25 | +| 6.4.4 Interception after ECT ..... | 25 | +| 7 Security ..... | 26 | +| 7.1 Security..... | 26 | +| 7.1.1 Administration security ..... | 26 | +| 7.1.2 IRI security ..... | 26 | +| 7.1.2.1 Normal operation ..... | 26 | +| 7.1.2.2 Communication failure ..... | 26 | +| 7.1.3 IP security ..... | 27 | +| 7.1.4 Security aspects of Lawful Interception charging ..... | 27 | +| 7.1.5 Other security issues..... | 27 | + +| | | | +|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 7.1.5.1 | Log files ..... | 27 | +| 7.1.5.2 | Data consistency ..... | 27 | +| Annex A (normative): | Information flows for Lawful Interception invocation ..... | 28 | +| A.1 | Mobile originated circuit switched calls ..... | 28 | +| A.2 | Mobile terminated circuit switched calls ..... | 29 | +| A.3 | Call hold / call waiting ..... | 30 | +| A.4 | Multiparty calls ..... | 31 | +| A.5 | Call forwarding / call deflection ..... | 34 | +| A.5.1 | Unconditional call forwarding ..... | 34 | +| A.5.2 | Call forwarding on not reachable (IMSI detached)..... | 34 | +| A.5.3 | Call forwarding on busy (network determined) ..... | 35 | +| A.5.4 | Call forwarding on not reachable (no response to paging/radio channel failure) ..... | 35 | +| A.5.5 | Call forwarding on no reply ..... | 36 | +| A.5.6 | Call forwarding on busy (user determined)/call deflection..... | 36 | +| A.5.7 | Call waiting / call forwarding on no reply ..... | 37 | +| A.6 | Explicit call transfer ..... | 39 | +| Annex B (normative): | Interception for GPRS ..... | 41 | +| B.1 | Architecture..... | 41 | +| B.2 | Activation, deactivation and interrogation ..... | 41 | +| B.2.1 | Activation ..... | 42 | +| B.2.1.1 | X1_1p-interface ..... | 42 | +| B.2.1.2 | X1_2p-interface (IRI) ..... | 43 | +| B.2.1.3 | X1_3p-interface (IP)..... | 44 | +| B.2.2 | Deactivation ..... | 45 | +| B.2.2.1 | X1_1p-interface ..... | 45 | +| B.2.2.2 | X1_2p-interface (IRI) ..... | 46 | +| B.2.2.3 | X1_3p-interface (IP)..... | 46 | +| B.2.3 | Interrogation ..... | 47 | +| B.2.3.1 | Interrogation of the SGSN and GGSN ..... | 47 | +| B.2.3.2 | Interrogation of Delivery Functions ..... | 47 | +| B.3 | Invocation of Lawful Interception ..... | 48 | +| B.3.1 | Provision of Intercept Product - GPRS ..... | 49 | +| B.3.1.1 | X3p-interface ..... | 49 | +| B.3.2 | Provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service..... | 50 | +| B.3.3 | Provision of Intercept Related Information..... | 50 | +| B.3.3.1 | X2p-interface ..... | 51 | +| B.3.3.2 | Structure of the events ..... | 51 | +| B.3.3.3 | GPRS related events ..... | 52 | +| B.3.3.3.1 | GPRS attach ..... | 52 | +| B.3.3.3.2 | GPRS detach ..... | 53 | +| B.3.3.3.3 | GPRS PDP context activation..... | 53 | +| B.3.3.3.4 | Start of interception with PDP context active..... | 53 | +| B.3.3.3.5 | GPRS PDP context deactivation ..... | 54 | +| B.3.3.3.6 | Cell and/or RA update ..... | 54 | +| B.3.3.3.7 | SMS ..... | 54 | +| B.3.4 | Intercept cases for supplementary services ..... | 54 | +| B.4 | Security ..... | 55 | +| B.4.1 | Security..... | 55 | +| B.4.1.1 | Administration security ..... | 55 | +| B.4.1.2 | IRI security ..... | 55 | +| B.4.1.2.1 | Normal operation ..... | 55 | +| B.4.1.2.2 | Communication failure ..... | 55 | +| B.4.1.3 | IP security ..... | 56 | +| B.4.1.4 | Security aspects of Lawful Interception billing..... | 56 | + +| | | | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| B.4.1.5 | Other security issues..... | 56 | +| B.4.1.5.1 | Log files ..... | 56 | +| B.4.1.5.2 | Data consistency ..... | 56 | +| B.5 | Information flows for Lawful Interception invocation (informative)..... | 57 | +| B.5.1 | GPRS attach ..... | 57 | +| B.5.2 | Mobile originated GPRS detach..... | 57 | +| B.5.3 | Network initiated GPRS detach ..... | 58 | +| B.5.4 | Intra SGSN Routing Area Update..... | 58 | +| B.5.5 | Inter SGSN Routing Area Update..... | 59 | +| B.5.6 | PDP Context Activation..... | 60 | +| B.5.7 | Start of interception with PDP context active ..... | 60 | +| B.5.8 | MS initiated PDP Context Deactivation..... | 61 | +| B.5.9 | Network initiated PDP Context Deactivation ..... | 61 | +| B.5.10 | SMS..... | 62 | +| Annex C (informative): | Change history..... | 63 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document gives the stage 2 description of Lawful Interception within a PLMN for circuit switched systems and GPRS. It does not address the interface between the PLMN and the LEA lawful intercepted product and related information collection functions. This is outside the scope of the GSM standard. + +The structure of the present document is as follows: + +- clause 4 covers the architecture of the interception system; +- clause 5 describes how interception is activated, deactivated and interrogated within the interception system; +- clause 6 describes how the system is provisioned, defines events at which interception takes place and what kind of information is generated at each event; +- clause 7 provides brief descriptions of various intercept cases; +- clause 8 reviews security requirements for access to the interception system; +- annex A provides information flows to illustrate when intercepted traffic and related data is generated; +- annex B describes an interception system for GPRS. The annex is subdivided into 5 sections that are identical in structure to clauses 4 through 8, but applicable to a GPRS clause rather than a GSM circuit switched system. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] GSM 01.04: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Abbreviations and acronyms". +- [2] 3GPP TS 41.033: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Lawful Interception requirements for GSM". +- [3] 3GPP TS 42.033: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Lawful Interception stage 1". +- [4] GSM 03.60: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); GPRS Service description stage 2". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +Definitions can be found in 3GPP TS 42.033 in the stage 1 description of Lawful interception and in GSM 03.60, the stage 2 service description for GPRS. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +In addition to those below abbreviations used in the present document are listed in GSM 01.04. + +| | | +|------|--------------------------------------| +| ADMF | Administration Function | +| DF2 | Delivery Function 2 | +| DF2P | Delivery Function 2 for GPRS | +| DF3 | Delivery Function 3 | +| DF3P | Delivery Function 3 for GPRS | +| GCI | Global Cell Identity | +| GSN | GPRS Support Node (i.e.SGSN or GGSN) | +| IA | Interception Area | +| IP | Intercept Product | +| IRI | Intercept Related Information | +| LEA | Law Enforcement Agency | +| SCI | Subscriber Controlled Input | + +# 4 Functional architecture + +The following picture contains the reference configuration for the lawful interception. The various entities and interfaces are described in more detail in the succeeding subclauses. + +There is one Administration Function (ADMF) in the network. Together with the delivery functions it is used to hide from the MSC/VLR and GMSC that there might be multiple activations by different Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) on the same target. + +![Figure 1: Reference configuration diagram showing the functional architecture for lawful interception.](07b17a620c75522d53916a11e12d1bff_img.jpg) + +``` + + graph TD + ADMF[ADMF] -- X1_1 --- MSC[MSC/VLR GMSC] + ADMF -- X1_2 --- DF2[Delivery Function 2] + ADMF -- X1_3 --- DF3[Delivery Function 3] + LEA[LEA] -. X0_1 .-> ADMF + LEA -. X0_2 .-> DF2 + LEA -. X0_3 .-> DF3 + DF2 -- X2 --- MSC + DF3 -- X3 --- MSC + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the logical connections between functional entities. The ADMF (Administration Function) is at the top. Below it are 'Delivery Function 2' and 'Delivery Function 3'. To the left, a stack of boxes represents multiple LEAs (Law Enforcement Agencies). To the right is a box representing the MSC/VLR and GMSC. Dotted lines labeled X0\_1, X0\_2, and X0\_3 connect the LEAs to the ADMF, DF2, and DF3 respectively. Solid lines labeled X1\_1, X1\_2, and X1\_3 connect the ADMF to the MSC/VLR GMSC, DF2, and DF3. Solid lines labeled X2 and X3 connect DF2 and DF3 to the MSC/VLR GMSC. + +Figure 1: Reference configuration diagram showing the functional architecture for lawful interception. + +**Figure 1: Reference configuration** + +The reference configuration is only a logical representation of the entities involved in lawful interception and does not mandate separate physical entities. This allows for higher levels of integration. + +# 5 Activation, deactivation and interrogation + +The following picture shows the extract from the reference configuration which is relevant for activation, deactivation and interrogation of the lawful interception. + +![Functional model for Lawful Interception activation, deactivation and interrogation diagram](367926125450c2bc3f4bdca9d59a62ba_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + ADMF[ADMF] -- X0_1 --> Requester(( )) + ADMF -- X1_2 --> DF2[Delivery Function 2] + ADMF -- X1_3 --> DF3[Delivery Function 3] + ADMF -- X1_1 --> MSC[MSC/VLR GMSC] + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the functional model for lawful interception. At the top is the ADMF (Lawful Interception administration function). It has four interfaces: X0\_1 (pointing to an external requester), X1\_2 (pointing to Delivery Function 2), X1\_3 (pointing to Delivery Function 3), and X1\_1 (pointing to an MSC/VLR GMSC). The interfaces X1\_2 and X1\_3 are shown as vertical lines, while X1\_1 is a diagonal line to the right. + +Functional model for Lawful Interception activation, deactivation and interrogation diagram + +**Figure 2: Functional model for Lawful Interception activation, deactivation and interrogation** + +In addition to the typical GSM functional entities, a new functional entity is introduced - the ADMF - the Lawful Interception administration function. The ADMF: + +- interfaces with all the LEAs that may require interception in the PLMN; +- keeps the intercept activities of individual LEAs separate; +- interfaces to the PLMN. + +NOTE: The X1\_1, X1\_2 and X1\_3-interfaces together are functionally equivalent to the X1-interface represented in 3GPP TS 41.033. + +Every physical MSC/VLR and GMSC is linked by an own X1\_1-interface to the ADMF. Consequently, every single MSC/VLR and GMSC performs interception (activation, deactivation, interrogation as well as invocation) independently from other MSC/VLRs and GMSCs. The X0\_1-interface represents the interface between the requester of the lawful interception and the Lawful administration function; it is included for completeness, but is beyond the scope of standardization. + +In case of location dependent interception the following network/national options exist: + +- target location versus Interception Areas (IAs) check in the MSC/VLR and Delivery Functions (DFs); +- target location versus IAs check in the DFs (physical collocation of the DFs to the MSC/VLR, GMSC is required). + +NOTE: The IA is previously defined by a set of cells. From the location of the target this set of cells permits to find the relevant IA. + +## 5.1 Activation + +The following pictures show the information flow for the activation of the Lawful interception. + +### 5.1.1 X1\_1-interface + +The message sent from the ADMF to the MSC/VLR and GMSC respectively (X1\_1-interface) contains the: + +- identity of the target (MSISDN, IMSI or IMEI) (see note 4); +- information whether the intercept product shall be provided (see note 1); +- information whether the intercept related information shall be provided (see note 1); +- address of Delivery Function 2 (DF2) for the intercept related information (see note 2); +- address of Delivery Function 3 (DF3) for the circuit switched intercept product (see note 3); +- IA in case of location dependent interception. + +NOTE 1: As an option, the filtering whether intercept product and/or intercept related information has to be provided can be part of the delivery functions. If the option is used, the corresponding information can be omitted on the X1\_1-interface, while "information not present" means "intercept product and related information has to be provided" for the MSC. Furthermore the delivery function which is not requested has to be "pseudo-activated", in order to prevent error cases at invocation. + +NOTE 2: As an option, only a single DF2 is used by and known to every MSC in the network. In this case the address of DF2 can be omitted. + +NOTE 3: As an option, only a single DF3 is used by and known to every MSC in the network. In this case the address of DF3 can be omitted. + +NOTE 4: Interception of IMEI is not applicable at the GMSC. + +If after activation subsequently Intercept Product (IP) or Intercept Related Information (IRI) has to be activated (or deactivated) an "activation change request" with the same identity of the target is to be sent. + +![Sequence diagram showing the information flow on the X1_1-interface for Lawful Interception activation. The diagram involves two main entities: ADMF and MSC/VLR, GMSC. The sequence starts with an external 'request for lawful interception activation' pointing to the ADMF. The ADMF then performs an internal step '... activation of delivery functions ...'. Next, the ADMF sends a 'lawful interception activation' message to the MSC/VLR, GMSC. The MSC/VLR, GMSC responds with a 'lawful interception activation ack' message back to the ADMF. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception activation' message outwards.](4dadfd8b8240e9d83f974e3f0fdd18df_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant ADMF + participant MSC_VLR_GMSC as MSC/VLR, GMSC + Note right of ADMF: ... activation of delivery functions ... + External->>ADMF: request for lawful interception activation + ADMF->>MSC_VLR_GMSC: lawful interception activation + MSC_VLR_GMSC-->>ADMF: lawful interception activation ack + ADMF-->>External: response for lawful interception activation + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the information flow on the X1\_1-interface for Lawful Interception activation. The diagram involves two main entities: ADMF and MSC/VLR, GMSC. The sequence starts with an external 'request for lawful interception activation' pointing to the ADMF. The ADMF then performs an internal step '... activation of delivery functions ...'. Next, the ADMF sends a 'lawful interception activation' message to the MSC/VLR, GMSC. The MSC/VLR, GMSC responds with a 'lawful interception activation ack' message back to the ADMF. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception activation' message outwards. + +**Figure 3: Information flow on X1\_1-interface for Lawful Interception activation** + +Interception of a target can be activated on request from different LEAs and each LEA may request interception via a different identity. In this case, each identity of the target on which to intercept will need to be sent via separate activation message from ADMF to MSC/VLR and GMSC on the X1\_1-interface. Each activation can be for IP only, IRI only, or both IP and IRI. + +When several LEAs request activation on the same identity then the ADMF determines that there are existing activations on the identity. In this case, the ADMF will not send an additional activation message to the MSC/VLR and GMSC except when the activation needs to change from IP only or IRI only to IP and IRI. In that case an activation change message will be sent to the MSC/VLR and GMSC. + +### 5.1.2 X1\_2-interface (IRI) + +For the delivery of IRI the message sent from the ADMF to the Delivery Function contains: + +- the identity of the target; +- the address for delivery of IRI (= LEA address); +- which subset of information shall be delivered; +- a DF2 activation identity, which uniquely identifies the activation for DF2 and is used for further interrogation or deactivation, respectively; +- the IA in case of location dependent interception; +- the warrant reference number if required by national option. + +If a target is intercepted by several LEAs and/or several identities simultaneously, a single activation of delivery is necessary for each combination of LEA and identity. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1_2-interface for Lawful Interception activation. The diagram involves two lifelines: ADMF and DF 2. The sequence starts with an external 'request for lawful interception activation' pointing to ADMF. ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception activation' message to DF 2. DF 2 responds with a 'lawful interception activation ack' message back to ADMF. Finally, ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception activation' message outwards. A callout box from the ADMF lifeline contains the text '... activation on X1_1 and X1_3 ...'.](c78c2eefd86269d1740ab85a916f24f2_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant ADMF + participant DF2 as DF 2 + Note right of ADMF: ... activation on X1_1 and X1_3 ... + External->>ADMF: request for lawful interception activation + ADMF->>DF2: lawful interception activation + DF2-->>ADMF: lawful interception activation ack + ADMF-->>External: response for lawful interception activation + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1\_2-interface for Lawful Interception activation. The diagram involves two lifelines: ADMF and DF 2. The sequence starts with an external 'request for lawful interception activation' pointing to ADMF. ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception activation' message to DF 2. DF 2 responds with a 'lawful interception activation ack' message back to ADMF. Finally, ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception activation' message outwards. A callout box from the ADMF lifeline contains the text '... activation on X1\_1 and X1\_3 ...'. + +Figure 4: Information flow on X1\_2-interface for Lawful Interception activation + +### 5.1.3 X1\_3-interface (IP) + +For the delivery of circuit switched intercept product the message sent from the ADMF to the Delivery Function contains: + +- the identity of the target; +- the address of delivery for IP (= LEA address); +- a DF3 activation identity, which uniquely identifies the activation for delivery function 3 and is used for further interrogation or deactivation, respectively; +- the IA in case of location dependent interception; +- the warrant reference number if required by national option. + +If a target is intercepted by several LEAs and/or several identities simultaneously, a single activation of delivery is necessary for each combination of LEA and identity. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1_3-interface for Lawful Interception activation between ADMF and DF 3.](27b06ec9f42b5d727a2630f61a5f1861_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant ADMF + participant DF 3 + Note left of ADMF: request for lawful interception activation + ADMF->>DF 3: lawful interception activation + DF 3-->>ADMF: lawful interception activation ack + Note right of DF 3: ... activation on X1_1 and X1_2 ... + ADMF-->>Note left of ADMF: response for lawful interception activation + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction for lawful interception activation on the X1\_3 interface. It starts with an external request for lawful interception activation arriving at the ADMF. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception activation' message to the DF 3. The DF 3 responds with a 'lawful interception activation ack' message, which includes details about the activation on X1\_1 and X1\_2. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception activation' back to the requester. + +Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1\_3-interface for Lawful Interception activation between ADMF and DF 3. + +**Figure 5: Information flow on X1\_3-interface for Lawful Interception activation** + +## 5.2 Deactivation + +The following picture shows the information flow for the deactivation of the Lawful interception. + +### 5.2.1 X1\_1-interface + +The messages sent from the ADMF to the MSC/VLR and GMSC for deactivation contains: + +- the identity of the target; +- the possible relevant IAs in case of location dependent interception. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1_1-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation between ADMF and MSC/VLR, GMSC.](af6be343f0c0a8f155f965dcf337b8af_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant ADMF + participant MSC_VLR_GMSC as MSC/VLR, GMSC + Note left of ADMF: request for lawful interception deactivation + ADMF->>MSC_VLR_GMSC: ... deactivation of delivery functions ... + ADMF->>MSC_VLR_GMSC: lawful interception deactivation + MSC_VLR_GMSC-->>ADMF: lawful interception deactivation ack + ADMF-->>Note left of ADMF: response for lawful interception deactivation + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction for lawful interception deactivation on the X1\_1 interface. It begins with an external request for lawful interception deactivation arriving at the ADMF. The ADMF sends a message containing '... deactivation of delivery functions ...' to the MSC/VLR and GMSC. This is followed by a 'lawful interception deactivation' message. The MSC/VLR and GMSC respond with a 'lawful interception deactivation ack' message. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception deactivation' back to the requester. + +Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1\_1-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation between ADMF and MSC/VLR, GMSC. + +**Figure 6: Information flow on X1\_1-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation** + +If interception of a target has been activated via different identities then a separate deactivation message will need to be sent from the ADMF to the MSC/VLR and the GMSC for each identity. + +When several LEAs requested activation on the same identity and subsequently request deactivation then the ADMF determines that there are remaining activations on the identity. In this case, the ADMF will not send a deactivation message to the MSC/VLR and the GMSC except when the activation needs to change from IP and IRI to IP only or IRI only. In that case an activation change message will be sent to the MSC/VLR and the GMSC. + +### 5.2.2 X1\_2-interface (IRI) + +The ADMF sent for the deactivation to the Delivery Function 2 of the Intercept Related Information: + +- a DF2 activation id, which uniquely identifies the activation to be deactivated for DF2. + +If a target is intercepted by several LEAs and/or several identities simultaneously, a single deactivation is necessary for each combination of LEA and identity. + +![Sequence diagram for X1_2-interface showing lawful interception deactivation flow between ADMF and DF 2.](3ad00ce93ad9dea9ee0f47535e5355e6_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant ADMF + participant DF2 as DF 2 + Note left of ADMF: request for lawful interception deactivation + ADMF->>DF2: lawful interception deactivation + DF2-->>ADMF: lawful interception deactivation ack + Note right of DF2: ... deactivation on X1_1 and X1_3 ... + Note left of ADMF: response for lawful interception deactivation + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the information flow on the X1\_2-interface for lawful interception deactivation. It features two vertical lifelines: ADMF on the left and DF 2 on the right. The process begins with an external 'request for lawful interception deactivation' pointing to the ADMF lifeline. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception deactivation' message to the DF 2 lifeline. The DF 2 lifeline responds with a 'lawful interception deactivation ack' message back to the ADMF. A note box on the DF 2 lifeline indicates the message includes '... deactivation on X1\_1 and X1\_3 ...'. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception deactivation' message out to the left. + +Sequence diagram for X1\_2-interface showing lawful interception deactivation flow between ADMF and DF 2. + +Figure 7: Information flow on X1\_2-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation + +### 5.2.3 X1\_3-interface (IP) + +For the deactivating the delivery of the IP the message from the ADMF to the Delivery Function contains: + +- a DF3 activation id, which uniquely identifies the activation to be deactivated for DF3. + +If a target is intercepted by several LEAs and/or several identities simultaneously, a single deactivation is necessary for each combination of LEA and identity. + +![Sequence diagram for X1_3-interface showing lawful interception deactivation flow between ADMF and DF 3.](f20786b603b41e24b5d5899f710b5947_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant ADMF + participant DF3 as DF 3 + Note left of ADMF: request for lawful interception deactivation + ADMF->>DF3: lawful interception deactivation + DF3-->>ADMF: lawful interception deactivation ack + Note right of DF3: ... deactivation on X1_1 and X1_2 ... + Note left of ADMF: response for lawful interception deactivation + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the information flow on the X1\_3-interface for lawful interception deactivation. It features two vertical lifelines: ADMF on the left and DF 3 on the right. The process begins with an external 'request for lawful interception deactivation' pointing to the ADMF lifeline. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception deactivation' message to the DF 3 lifeline. The DF 3 lifeline responds with a 'lawful interception deactivation ack' message back to the ADMF. A note box on the DF 3 lifeline indicates the message includes '... deactivation on X1\_1 and X1\_2 ...'. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception deactivation' message out to the left. + +Sequence diagram for X1\_3-interface showing lawful interception deactivation flow between ADMF and DF 3. + +Figure 8: Information flow on X1\_3-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation + +## 5.3 Interrogation + +The purpose of interrogation is consistency checking for the interception function. It can be used e.g. for audit functionality, but this is beyond the scope of the present document. + +Interrogation of all activations for a given LEA is an ADMF filter function. + +### 5.3.1 Interrogation of the MSC/VLR and the GMSC + +The following picture shows the information flow for the interrogation of the Lawful interception. It must be possible to interrogate + +- a specific activation at this MSC/VLR or GMSC for a given target identity; +- all activations at this MSC/VLR or GMSC. + +As result of the interrogation the activation status and data are returned. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 9: Interrogation of the Lawful Interception (MSC/VLR, GMSC).](16c1175b5f05a4b55e6d396fc51b15b3_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram illustrating the interrogation of the Lawful Interception at the MSC/VLR or GMSC. The diagram shows the interaction between an ADMF and an MSC/VLR or GMSC. The process starts with a 'request for lawful interception interrogation' from an external source to the ADMF. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception interrogation' message to the MSC/VLR or GMSC. The MSC/VLR or GMSC responds with a 'lawful interception interrogation ack' message. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception interrogation' back to the external source. A box labeled '... interrogation on X1\_1' is shown within the response message. + +Sequence diagram for Figure 9: Interrogation of the Lawful Interception (MSC/VLR, GMSC). + +**Figure 9: Interrogation of the Lawful Interception (MSC/VLR, GMSC)** + +### 5.3.2 Interrogation of Delivery Functions + +The following picture shows the information flow for the interrogation of the Lawful interception. It must be possible to interrogate: + +- a specific activation at a Delivery Function for a given activation id; +- all activations at a Delivery Function for a given target identity; +- all activations at a Delivery Function. + +As result of the interrogation the activation status and data are returned. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 10: Interrogation of the Lawful Interception (Delivery Functions).](e190b6ddb7c2e64b940749a1c5612256_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram illustrating the interrogation of the Lawful Interception at the Delivery Functions (DF2/DF3). The diagram shows the interaction between an ADMF and DF2/DF3. The process starts with a 'request for lawful interception interrogation' from an external source to the ADMF. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception interrogation' message to the DF2/DF3. The DF2/DF3 responds with a 'lawful interception interrogation ack' message. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception interrogation' back to the external source. A box labeled '... interrogation on X1\_1 and X1\_2 ...' is shown within the response message. + +Sequence diagram for Figure 10: Interrogation of the Lawful Interception (Delivery Functions). + +**Figure 10: Interrogation of the Lawful Interception (Delivery Functions)** + +# 6 Invocation of Lawful Interception + +The following picture shows the extract from the reference configuration which is relevant for the invocation of the lawful interception. + +![Figure 11: Functional model for Lawful Interception invocation. The diagram shows a stack of boxes labeled 'LEA' on the left. Two vertical dashed lines represent interfaces X0_2 and X0_3. To the right of these interfaces are two boxes labeled 'Delivery Function 2' and 'Delivery Function 3'. Further right is a box labeled 'MSC/VLR GMSC'. Solid lines connect 'Delivery Function 2' to 'MSC/VLR GMSC' via interface X2, and 'Delivery Function 3' to 'MSC/VLR GMSC' via interface X3.](9b6b5924b48bf2fd5f347f88f06f45b3_img.jpg) + +Figure 11: Functional model for Lawful Interception invocation. The diagram shows a stack of boxes labeled 'LEA' on the left. Two vertical dashed lines represent interfaces X0\_2 and X0\_3. To the right of these interfaces are two boxes labeled 'Delivery Function 2' and 'Delivery Function 3'. Further right is a box labeled 'MSC/VLR GMSC'. Solid lines connect 'Delivery Function 2' to 'MSC/VLR GMSC' via interface X2, and 'Delivery Function 3' to 'MSC/VLR GMSC' via interface X3. + +**Figure 11: Functional model for Lawful Interception invocation** + +The X0\_2 and X0\_3-interfaces represent the interfaces between the LEA and two delivery functions. Both interfaces are subject to national requirements. They are included for completeness, but are beyond the scope of standardization. The delivery functions are used: + +- to convert the information on the X2-interface to the corresponding information on the X0\_2-interface; +- to distribute the intercept related information to the relevant LEA(s) (based on IAs, if defined); +- to distribute the intercept product to the relevant LEA(s) (based on IAs, if defined). + +In case a call is selected based on several identities (MSISDN, IMSI, IMEI) of the same target, the MSC/VLR or GMSC will deliver IP and IRI only once to the DF2 and DF3. DF2 and DF3 will then distribute the information to the relevant LEA that requested interception on a particular target identity. + +For the delivery of the IP and IRI the MSC/VLR or GMSC provides correlation number and target identity to the DF2 and DF3 which is used there in order to select the different LEAs where the product shall be delivered to. + +**NOTE:** If interception has been activated for both parties of the call both IP and IRI will be delivered for each party as separate intercept activity. + +The location dependency check occurs at the establishment of each call. Subsequent dependency checks for simultaneous calls are not required, but can be a national option. + +If a target is marked using an IA in the MSC/VLR, the MSC/VLR shall perform a location dependency check at call set-up. Only if the target's location matches the IA the call is intercepted. + +If a target is marked using an IA in the DF2, the DF2 shall perform a location dependency check at reception of the first IRI for the call. Only if the target's location matches the IA for certain LEAs the IRI is relayed to these LEAs. All subsequent IRIs for the call are sent to the same LEAs. + +If a target is marked using an IA in the DF3, the DF3 shall perform a location dependency check at reception of the IP. Only if the target's location matches the IA for certain LEAs the IP is relayed to these LEAs. + +Gateway intercept is not possible when optimal routing is employed. + +## 6.1 Provision of Intercept Product - Circuit Switched + +Depending on the existing possibilities within the MSC/VLR or GMSC the access method for the delivering of call content can be bridged/ T-connection (see figure 12) or looped access (see figure 13). + +![Figure 12: Bridged Access diagram showing an intercepted subscriber connected to an MSC/VLR GMSC, which is then connected to a Delivery Function 3. A trunk connects the MSC/VLR GMSC to an other party.](a83ba9e3e2c1e21dd69953a7b09e45b4_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the 'Bridged Access' method. On the left, a box labeled 'intercepted subscriber' is connected to a central box labeled 'MSC/VLR GMSC'. From the 'MSC/VLR GMSC', a line extends downwards to a box labeled 'Delivery Function 3'. Another line extends from the 'MSC/VLR GMSC' to the right, passing through an oval labeled 'one trunk', and connecting to a box labeled 'other party'. + +Figure 12: Bridged Access diagram showing an intercepted subscriber connected to an MSC/VLR GMSC, which is then connected to a Delivery Function 3. A trunk connects the MSC/VLR GMSC to an other party. + +Figure 12: Bridged Access + +![Figure 13: Loop access diagram showing an intercepted subscriber connected to an MSC/VLR GMSC, which is then connected to a Delivery Function 3. A trunk connects the MSC/VLR GMSC to an other party. A second trunk is shown within the MSC/VLR GMSC, connecting the Delivery Function 3 to the other party.](cb4cfa42ce34febde7bdb882f3fc3094_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the 'Looped access' method. On the left, a box labeled 'intercepted subscriber' is connected to a central box labeled 'MSC/VLR GMSC'. From the 'MSC/VLR GMSC', a line extends downwards to a box labeled 'Delivery Function 3'. Another line extends from the 'MSC/VLR GMSC' to the right, passing through an oval labeled 'one trunk', and connecting to a box labeled 'other party'. A second line extends from the 'MSC/VLR GMSC' to the right, passing through another oval labeled 'one trunk', and connecting to the 'other party' box. This second line is shown as a loop within the 'MSC/VLR GMSC' box. + +Figure 13: Loop access diagram showing an intercepted subscriber connected to an MSC/VLR GMSC, which is then connected to a Delivery Function 3. A trunk connects the MSC/VLR GMSC to an other party. A second trunk is shown within the MSC/VLR GMSC, connecting the Delivery Function 3 to the other party. + +Figure 13: Looped access + +### 6.1.1 Void + +### 6.1.2 Two stubline configuration (circuit switched data or speech) to LEA + +Figure 16 shows the configuration for a circuit switched data call. The signals of both parties of the configuration to be intercepted are delivered separately to the requesting function. Again the requesting function itself has no impact on the connection between the subscribers. Optionally this configuration can be used for speech, too. + +If in the MSC/VLR or GMSC it isn't known if a call is a data or speech call, it will be assumed that it is a data call. + +The two stublines towards the requesting function are established in parallel to the call set up. For both stublines the address is used which has been provided during activation. + +For multi-monitoring the DF3 must be able combine the two stublines to one, if one of the different LEAs wants this. + +NOTE: For data calls it is necessary to provide means for fast call establishment towards the LEA so that it doesn't miss the beginning of the data transmission. + +![Diagram of a two stubline configuration for interception. At the top, an 'intercepted subscriber' box is connected to an 'MSC/VLR GMSC' box. The 'MSC/VLR GMSC' box is also connected to an 'other party' box via a line labeled 'One trunk'. Below the 'MSC/VLR GMSC' box, two vertical lines (stubs) extend downwards, passing through two oval shapes, and connect to a 'Delivery Function 3' box. These two lines are labeled 'Two stublines'. Below the 'Delivery Function 3' box, two more vertical lines (stubs) extend downwards, passing through two more oval shapes, and connect to an 'LEA' box. These lines are also labeled 'Two stublines'.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +Diagram of a two stubline configuration for interception. At the top, an 'intercepted subscriber' box is connected to an 'MSC/VLR GMSC' box. The 'MSC/VLR GMSC' box is also connected to an 'other party' box via a line labeled 'One trunk'. Below the 'MSC/VLR GMSC' box, two vertical lines (stubs) extend downwards, passing through two oval shapes, and connect to a 'Delivery Function 3' box. These two lines are labeled 'Two stublines'. Below the 'Delivery Function 3' box, two more vertical lines (stubs) extend downwards, passing through two more oval shapes, and connect to an 'LEA' box. These lines are also labeled 'Two stublines'. + +**Figure 16: Two stubline configuration to the LEA for the interception of a circuit switched data or speech call** + +### 6.1.3 X3-interface + +The following information needs to be transferred from the MSC/VLR or the GMSC to the DF3 in order to allow the DF3 to perform its functionality: + +- the identity of the target (MSISDN, IMSI or IMEI); note 1 +- the target location (if available) or the IAs in case of location dependent interception. note 1 +- correlation number (IRI <-> CC); +- signal indicator (direction indication – Signal from target or signal to target); note 2 + +NOTE 1: For DF3 internal use only. + +NOTE 2: e.g. integer, CC from target = 1, CC from other party = 2. + +Additional information may be provided if required by national laws. + +## 6.2 Provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service + +Figure 17 shows an SMS transfer from the MSC to the LEA. Quasi-parallel to the delivery from / to the mobile subscriber a message, which contains the contents of the SMS, is generated and sent via the Delivery Function 2 to the LEA in the same way as the Intercept Related Information. + +The IRI will be delivered to the LEA: + +- for a SMS-MO, when the SMS-Centre receives the SMS; +- for a SMS-MT, when the MS receives the SMS. + +![Figure 17: Provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service. A block diagram showing the flow of information for SMS interception. At the top, three boxes are arranged horizontally: 'intercepted subscriber' on the left, 'MSC/VLR' in the center, and 'SMS service center' on the right. Arrows point from the MSC/VLR to both the subscriber and the service center. Below the MSC/VLR, a vertical arrow points down to a box labeled 'Delivery Function 2'. From 'Delivery Function 2', a dashed vertical arrow points down to a box labeled 'LEA'.](4356776ca004ecba5d599667a155d7d4_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + subgraph TopRow [ ] + direction LR + IS[intercepted subscriber] + MV[MSC/VLR] + SC[SMS service center] + end + MV --> IS + MV --> SC + MV --> DF2[Delivery Function 2] + DF2 -.-> LEA[LEA] + style TopRow fill:none,stroke:none + +``` + +Figure 17: Provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service. A block diagram showing the flow of information for SMS interception. At the top, three boxes are arranged horizontally: 'intercepted subscriber' on the left, 'MSC/VLR' in the center, and 'SMS service center' on the right. Arrows point from the MSC/VLR to both the subscriber and the service center. Below the MSC/VLR, a vertical arrow points down to a box labeled 'Delivery Function 2'. From 'Delivery Function 2', a dashed vertical arrow points down to a box labeled 'LEA'. + +**Figure 17: Provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service** + +## 6.3 Provision of Intercept Related Information + +Intercept Related Information (Events) are necessary at the Begin and End of the call, for all supplementary services during a call and for information which are not call associated. There are call related events and non call related events + +Figure 18 shows the transfer of intercept related information to the DF2. If an event for / from a mobile subscriber occurs, the MSC/VLR or GMSC sends the relevant data to the DF2. + +![Figure 18: Provision of Intercept Related Information. A block diagram showing the flow of information for intercept related events. At the top, three boxes are arranged horizontally: 'intercepted subscriber' on the left, a central box containing 'MSC/VLR' and 'GMSC' stacked vertically, and 'Other party' on the right. Arrows point from the central box to both the subscriber and the other party. Below the central box, a vertical arrow points down to a box labeled 'Delivery Function 2'. From 'Delivery Function 2', a dashed vertical arrow points down to a box labeled 'LEA'.](51db757d054ce1ce83c436a3578b56ca_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + subgraph TopRow [ ] + direction LR + IS[intercepted subscriber] + subgraph CentralBox [ ] + MV[MSC/VLR] + GV[GMSC] + end + OP[Other party] + end + CentralBox --> IS + CentralBox --> OP + CentralBox --> DF2[Delivery Function 2] + DF2 -.-> LEA[LEA] + style TopRow fill:none,stroke:none + style CentralBox fill:none,stroke:none + +``` + +Figure 18: Provision of Intercept Related Information. A block diagram showing the flow of information for intercept related events. At the top, three boxes are arranged horizontally: 'intercepted subscriber' on the left, a central box containing 'MSC/VLR' and 'GMSC' stacked vertically, and 'Other party' on the right. Arrows point from the central box to both the subscriber and the other party. Below the central box, a vertical arrow points down to a box labeled 'Delivery Function 2'. From 'Delivery Function 2', a dashed vertical arrow points down to a box labeled 'LEA'. + +**Figure 18: Provision of Intercept Related Information** + +### 6.3.1 X2-interface + +The following information needs to be transferred from the MSC/VLR or the GMSC to the DF2 in order to allow a DF2 to perform its functionality: + +- identity of the target (MSISDN, IMSI or IMEI); +- the target location (if available) or the IAs in case of location dependent interception; +- events and associated parameters as defined in subclauses 6.3.3 and 6.3.4 may be provided. + +### 6.3.2 Structure of the events + +There are eight different events in which the information is sent to the DF2 if this is required. There are call related and non call related events. Details are described in following subclause. The events for interception are configurable (if they are sent to DF2) in the MSC/VLR or GMSC and can be suppressed in the DF2. + +It is an implementation option if the redundant information will be sent for each further event. + +The following events are applicable to the MSC/VLR: + +Call related events: + +- Call establishment; + +- Answer; +- Supplementary service; +- Handover; +- Release. + +Non call related events: + +- SMS; +- Location update; +- Subscriber controlled input. + +The following events are applicable to the GMSC: + +Call related events: + +- Call establishment; +- Answer; +- Supplementary service; +- Release. + +A set of information is used to generate the events. The events transmit the information from MSC/VLR or GMSC to DF2. This set of information can be extended in MSC/VLR or GMSC, if this is necessary in a specific country. DF2 can extend this information if this is necessary in a specific country e.g. a unique number for each surveillance warrant. + +| | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| observed MSISDN
Target Identifier with the MSISDN of the target subscriber (monitored subscriber). | +| observed IMSI
Target Identifier with the IMSI of the target subscriber (monitored subscriber). | +| observed IMEI
Target Identifier with the IMEI of the target subscriber (monitored subscriber),
it must be checked for each call over the radio interface | +| event type
Description which type of event is delivered: Establishment, Answer, Supplementary service,
Handover, Release, SMS, Location update, Subscriber controlled input | +| event date
Date of the event generation in the MSC/VLR or GMSC | +| event time
Time of the event generation in the MSC/VLR or GMSC | +| dialled number
Dialled phone number before digit modification, IN-modification etc. | +| connected number
number of the answering party | +| other party address
Directory number of the other party for MOC
Calling party for MTC | +| SMS-Centre address
number of the involved SMS-Centre | +| call direction
Information if the monitored subscriber is calling or called e.g. MOC/MTC or originating/ terminating
in or/out | +| correlation number
Unique number for each call sent to the DF, to help the LEA, to have a correlation between each
call and the IRI | +| cell id
Cell number of the target; for the location information | +| location area code
Location-area-code of the target defines the Location Area in a PLMN | +| basic service
Information about Tele service or bearer service. | +| supplementary service
Supplementary services used by the target e.g. CF, CW, ECT | +| forwarded to number
Forwarded to number at CF | +| call release reason
Call release reason of the target call | +| SMS
The SMS content with header which is sent with the SMS-service | +| SCI
Non call related Subscriber Controlled Input (SCI) which the MSC/VLR receives from the ME | + +### 6.3.3 Call Related events + +#### 6.3.3.1 Call establishment + +For call establishment a call establishment-event is generated. At the begin of a call when the MSC/VLR or GMSC wants to reach the subscriber this event is generated. This information will be delivered to the DF2 if available: + +| | +|-----------------------| +| observed MSISDN | +| observed IMSI | +| observed IMEI | +| event type | +| event date | +| event time | +| dialled number | +| other party address | +| call direction | +| correlation number | +| cell id | +| location area code | +| basic service | +| supplementary service | + +#### 6.3.3.2 Answer + +If the called party answers, a answer- event is generated. This information will be delivered to the DF2 if available: + +| | +|-----------------------| +| observed MSISDN | +| observed IMSI | +| observed IMEI | +| event type | +| event date | +| event time | +| dialled number | +| other party address | +| connected party | +| call direction | +| correlation number | +| cell id | +| location area code | +| basic service | +| supplementary service | + +#### 6.3.3.3 Supplementary Services + +For supplementary services event are generated with the information which supplementary service is used e.g. Call Forwarding (CF), Call Waiting (CW), Explicit Call Transfer (ECT), Multi Party (MPTY), Call Hold and information correlated to the service like the forwarded to number. This information will be delivered to the DF2 if available: + +| | +|-----------------------| +| observed MSISDN | +| observed IMSI | +| observed IMEI | +| event type | +| event date | +| event time | +| dialled number | +| other party address | +| call direction | +| correlation number | +| cell id | +| location area code | +| basic service | +| supplementary service | +| forwarded to number | + +#### 6.3.3.4 Handover + +For each handover a handover-event with the information about the new location (cell-id) is generated. This information will be delivered to the DF2 if available: + +| | +|--------------------| +| observed MSISDN | +| observed IMSI | +| observed IMEI | +| event type | +| event date | +| event time | +| correlation number | +| cell id | +| location area code | + +#### 6.3.3.5 Release + +For release of the observed call a release-event is generated, this is for the common (end) release of call and also for all failed call attempts, with the information about the reason for failed call attempts. This information will be delivered to the DF2 if available: + +| | +|---------------------| +| observed MSISDN | +| observed IMSI | +| observed IMEI | +| event type | +| event date | +| event time | +| dialled number | +| other party address | +| call direction | +| correlation number | +| cell id | +| location area code | +| basic service | +| call release reason | + +### 6.3.4 Non Call Related events + +#### 6.3.4.1 SMS + +For MO-SMS the event is generated in the MSC/VLR, when the SMS-Centre successfully receives the SMS; for MT-SMS the event is generated in the MSC/VLR when the target receives the message. This information will be delivered to the DF2 if available: + +| | +|--------------------| +| observed MSISDN | +| observed IMSI | +| observed IMEI | +| event type | +| event date | +| event time | +| SMS-Centre address | +| call direction | +| cell id | +| location area code | +| SMS | + +#### 6.3.4.2 Location update + +For location updates a Location update-event is generated, with the new location (location area) information. This information will be delivered to the DF2 if available: + +| | +|--------------------| +| observed MSISDN | +| observed IMSI | +| observed IMEI | +| event type | +| event date | +| event time | +| cell id | +| location area code | + +#### 6.3.4.3 Subscriber Controlled Input (SCI) + +For subscriber controlled inputs (e.g. this are activations, deactivations and changes of services) a SCI-event is generated with information about the SCI. This information will be delivered to the DF2 if available: + +| | +|--------------------| +| observed MSISDN | +| observed IMSI | +| observed IMEI | +| event type | +| event date | +| event time | +| cell id | +| location area code | +| SCI | + +## 6.4 Intercept cases for supplementary services + +### 6.4.1 Interception of Multiparty call + +![Figure 19: Option 1: Interception of Multiparty for IP. This diagram shows an MSC/VLR box with a central circle representing a switching point. An arrow labeled 'A' enters from the left and points to the circle. From the circle, three arrows exit: 'B' goes up and right, 'C' goes right, and 'D' goes down and right. Below the MSC/VLR box, a 'DF3' box is connected via a vertical line that passes through the circle.](7e1c9b51e067a48cd0fcc9748d8bd8d8_img.jpg) + +Figure 19: Option 1: Interception of Multiparty for IP. This diagram shows an MSC/VLR box with a central circle representing a switching point. An arrow labeled 'A' enters from the left and points to the circle. From the circle, three arrows exit: 'B' goes up and right, 'C' goes right, and 'D' goes down and right. Below the MSC/VLR box, a 'DF3' box is connected via a vertical line that passes through the circle. + +Figure 19: Option 1: Interception of Multiparty for IP + +![Figure 20: Option 2: Interception of Multiparty for IP. This diagram shows an MSC/VLR box with a central circle. An arrow labeled 'A' enters from the left and points to the circle. From the circle, three arrows exit: 'B' goes up and right, 'C' goes right, and 'D' goes down and right. Below the MSC/VLR box, a 'DF3' box is connected via three parallel vertical lines that pass through the circle.](5132b3a97ac70fe4765c1e07e66b72b3_img.jpg) + +Figure 20: Option 2: Interception of Multiparty for IP. This diagram shows an MSC/VLR box with a central circle. An arrow labeled 'A' enters from the left and points to the circle. From the circle, three arrows exit: 'B' goes up and right, 'C' goes right, and 'D' goes down and right. Below the MSC/VLR box, a 'DF3' box is connected via three parallel vertical lines that pass through the circle. + +Figure 20: Option 2: Interception of Multiparty for IP + +#### 6.4.1.1 Intercept Product only for Multiparty + +One correlation number for each leg of a call. Call Content is delivered like it is in figure 19 or in figure 20 if subscriber A is monitored. + +If one of B, C or D is monitored, the surveillance of intercept product works like a ordinary telephony call. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Intercept Related Information for Multiparty + +In the event is the information about B, C and D if subscriber A is monitored. If one of B, C or D is monitored in the events is only the information about A but not the other parties of the conference. + +### 6.4.2 Interception for Call Forwarding / Call Deflection + +![Diagram illustrating interception for call forwarding/deflection. Subscriber A is shown with an arrow pointing to subscriber C, indicating a call being forwarded. Subscriber B is shown without an arrow, indicating no call forwarding/deflection.](2734e7f9be3e1dc046f14be2e6c9a085_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows three subscribers: A, B, and C. Subscriber A is at the top left, B is at the top right, and C is at the bottom right. An arrow originates from subscriber A and points to subscriber C, representing a call being forwarded or deflected from A to C. Subscriber B is shown without any outgoing arrows, indicating no call forwarding or deflection for that subscriber. + +Diagram illustrating interception for call forwarding/deflection. Subscriber A is shown with an arrow pointing to subscriber C, indicating a call being forwarded. Subscriber B is shown without an arrow, indicating no call forwarding/deflection. + +**Figure 21: Interception for Call Forwarding / Deflection** + +For delivery of the Intercept Product it doesn't matter which of the three is monitored. + +For Intercept Related Information it depends who is monitored: + +- If subscriber A is monitored the number of A and B are mandatory in the event information and the number of C if available. +- If subscriber B is monitored the number of B and C are mandatory in the event information and the number of A if available. +- If subscriber C is monitored the number of C is mandatory in the event information and the number of A if available. + +When optimal routing is employed, interception of call forwarding by party B may be unavailable. + +### 6.4.3 Interception on Call Hold / Call Waiting + +For interception on call hold it depends which method is used, if it is like in figure 19 no interception on call hold is possible, with the method like in figure 20 it is also possible to hear what the subscriber on hold is talking. + +### 6.4.4 Interception after ECT + +For interception on Explicit Call Transfer (ECT) it depends which method is used, if it is like in figure 19 no interception on call hold is possible, with the method like in figure 20 it is also possible to hear what the subscriber on hold is talking. The explicit transfer is handled similar to a forwarded call. + +# 7 Security + +## 7.1 Security + +The security requirements are valid for the whole Lawful Interception system, i.e. rules and procedures shall be used for all involved entities, ADMF, GMSC, MSC/VLR and DF. + +### 7.1.1 Administration security + +The administration of the lawful interception function, i.e. Activation, Deactivation and Interrogation of Lawful Interception, in the GMSC, MSC/VLR and the DFs must be done secure as described below: + +- It shall be possible to configure the authorised user access to Activation, Deactivation and Interrogation of Lawful Interception separately for every physical or logical port at the GMSC, MSC/VLR and DF. This configuration possibility shall be password protected. +- Normally only the ADMF is allowed to have access to the lawful interception functionality in the GMSC, MSC/VLR and DF. +- The communication link between ADMF, GMSC, MSC/VLR, DF2 and DF3 shall be secure and shall support security mechanisms, e.g.: + - authentication; + - Closed Used Group (CUG); + - Connected Line Presentation (COLP); + - encryption. +- No network entities or remote access shall be capable to manipulate or to eavesdrop lawful interception data in the GMSC, MSC/VLR or the DF. + +### 7.1.2 IRI security + +#### 7.1.2.1 Normal operation + +The transmission of the IRI shall be done in a secure manner. + +When DF2 is a physically separate from the MSC, the X2-interface shall support security mechanisms, e.g.: + +- authentication; +- CUG; +- COLP; +- encryption. + +#### 7.1.2.2 Communication failure + +Depending on the national law in case of communication failure IRI may be buffered in the GMSC and MSC/VLR. After successful transmission of IRI the whole buffer must be deleted. It shall be possible to delete the content buffer via command or a timer, in an unrestoreable fashion. + +### 7.1.3 IP security + +The transmission of the IP shall be done in a secure manner. + +When DF3 is physically separate from the MSC, the X3-interface shall support security mechanisms, e.g.: + +- authentication; +- CUG; +- COLP; +- encryption. + +In case of transmission failure no buffering will be done. + +### 7.1.4 Security aspects of Lawful Interception charging + +Charging information shall be available at the DFs and the ADMF. Charging information for Lawful Interception shall be separated from "regular" GSM billing data. + +Charging data transmission to the Lawful Interception billing system shall be done in a secure manner. + +In case of transmission failure data shall be buffered/stored in a secure way. After successful transmission data shall be deleted in an unrestorable fashion. + +### 7.1.5 Other security issues + +#### 7.1.5.1 Log files + +Log files shall be generated by the ADMF, DF2, DF3 and the MSC/VLR. All log files are retrievable by the ADMF, and are maintained by the ADMF. + +#### 7.1.5.2 Data consistency + +The administration function in the PLMN shall be capable to perform a periodic consistency check to ensure whether the target list of MSISDN, IMSI or IMEI is the same in all involved MSCs in the PLMN and the DFs. The reference data base is the ADMF data base. + +# Annex A (normative): Information flows for Lawful Interception invocation + +The following figures show the information flows for the invocation of Lawful Interception for various types of calls. The figures show some of the basic signalling messages of the target calls and the events on the X2 and X3-interfaces. The ISUP messages to and from the network are shown for informational purposes only; some of them may not be sent or may be combined in certain networks. + +## A.1 Mobile originated circuit switched calls + +Figure A.1 shows the interception of a basic mobile originated circuit switched speech or data call where the originating mobile (A) is the target for interception. B is not necessarily also a mobile subscriber and resides on a different exchange. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flows for mobile originated circuit switched calls between DF2, DF3, MS A, MSC/VLR, and B.](805c475f0859e607af0530ba43194bf1_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS A + participant MSC/VLR + participant B + + MS A->>MSC/VLR: SETUP + MSC/VLR-->>DF3: setup of stublines + MSC/VLR-->DF2: Call Establishment Attempt + MSC/VLR->>B: IAM + B->>MSC/VLR: ACM + MSC/VLR->>B: CPG(alert) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: ALERTING + B->>MSC/VLR: ANM + MSC/VLR->>MS A: CONNECT + MS A->>MSC/VLR: Answer + MSC/VLR-->DF2: Stublines contain IP of AB + MS A->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT + MSC/VLR->>B: REL + MSC/VLR-->>DF3: release of stublines + B->>MSC/VLR: Release + MSC/VLR-->DF2: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information flows for mobile originated circuit switched calls between DF2, DF3, MS A, MSC/VLR, and B. + +**Figure A.1: Interception of mobile originated circuit switched calls** + +In figure A.1 the result (answer) of the set-up of the stublines is not shown. This assumes no special action is taken in case of failure. + +## A.2 Mobile terminated circuit switched calls + +Figure A.2 shows the interception of a basic mobile terminated circuit switched speech or data call where the terminating mobile (B) is the target for interception. A is not necessarily also a mobile subscriber and resides on a different exchange. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interception of a mobile terminated circuit switched call between entities DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, and A.](6ca05954842b17f14dfd52f26b9d43d2_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the call flow for a mobile terminated circuit switched call with interception. The entities involved are DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, and A. The sequence of messages is as follows: + +- A sends an **IAM** (Initial Address Message) to the MSC/VLR. +- The MSC/VLR sends a **setup of stublines** message to DF3 (indicated by a dashed arrow). +- The MSC/VLR sends a **Call Establishment Attempt** to MS B. +- MS B sends a **SETUP** message to the MSC/VLR. +- The MSC/VLR sends an **ACM** (Address Complete Message) to A. +- MS B sends an **ALERTING** message to the MSC/VLR. +- The MSC/VLR sends a **CPG(alert)** (Call Progress) message to A. +- MS B sends a **CONNECT** message to the MSC/VLR. +- MS B sends an **Answer** message to the MSC/VLR. +- The MSC/VLR sends an **ANM** (Answer Message) to A. +- MS B sends a **DISCONNECT** message to the MSC/VLR. +- The MSC/VLR sends a **REL** (Release) message to A. +- MS B sends a **release of stublines** message to DF3 (indicated by a dashed arrow). +- MS B sends a **Release** message to the MSC/VLR. +- DF2 sends a message to DF3 indicating that *stublines contain IP of AB* (indicated by a dotted arrow). + +Sequence diagram showing the interception of a mobile terminated circuit switched call between entities DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, and A. + +Figure A.2: Interception of mobile terminated circuit switched calls + +## A.3 Call hold / call waiting + +Figures A.3 and A.4 show the interception of calls involving call hold / call waiting. Figure A.3 covers the case where one pair of stublines is used per target, figure A.4 covers the case where a pair of stublines is used for each target call. The mobile that receives the waiting call (A) is the target for interception. + +![Sequence diagram for call hold / call waiting interception. Lifelines: DF2, DF3, MS A, MSC/VLR, B, C. The diagram shows the interception of a call (AB) while a waiting call (CA) is being established. MS A sends SETUP(AB) to MSC/VLR. A shaded block indicates the interception of the AB call setup. MS A then sends Answer(AB) to MSC/VLR. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of AB'. MSC/VLR receives IAM from B and sends Call Establishment Attempt(CA, CWAIT) to MS A. MS A sends SETUP(CA) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends ACM to B. MS A sends ALERTING(CA) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends CPG(alert) to B. MS A sends HOLD(AB) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends HOLD ACK(AB) to MS A. MS A sends Suppl. Service(AB, CHOLD) to MSC/VLR. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of CA'. MS A sends CONNECT(CA) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends Answer(CA) to MS A. MSC/VLR sends ANM to B. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of CA'. MSC/VLR sends DISCONNECT(CA) to MS A. B sends REL to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends Release(CA) to MS A. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of AB'. MS A sends RETRIEVE(AB) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends RETRIEVE ACK(AB) to MS A. MS A sends Suppl. Service(AB, CRETR) to MSC/VLR. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of AB'. MS A sends DISCONNECT(AB) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends REL to B. A shaded block indicates the interception of the AB call release. MS A sends Release(AB) to MSC/VLR. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of AB'.](7d2d1d3870cd224c4430d19334557716_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS A + participant MSC/VLR + participant B + participant C + + Note right of MS A: ... setup and interception of AB call as in figure A1 ... + MS A->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(AB) + Note right of MS A: ... setup and interception of AB call as in figure A1 ... + MS A->>MSC/VLR: Answer(AB) + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: stublines contain IP of AB + B->>MSC/VLR: IAM + MSC/VLR->>MS A: Call Establishment Attempt(CA, CWAIT) + MSC/VLR-->>B: ACM + MS A->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(CA) + MSC/VLR-->>B: ACM + MS A->>MSC/VLR: ALERTING(CA) + MSC/VLR-->>B: CPG(alert) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: HOLD(AB) + MSC/VLR-->>MS A: HOLD ACK(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: Suppl. Service(AB, CHOLD) + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: stublines contain IP of CA + MS A->>MSC/VLR: CONNECT(CA) + MSC/VLR-->>MS A: Answer(CA) + MSC/VLR-->>B: ANM + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: stublines contain IP of CA + MSC/VLR-->>B: REL + MS A->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT(CA) + MSC/VLR-->>MS A: Release(CA) + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: stublines contain IP of AB + MS A->>MSC/VLR: RETRIEVE(AB) + MSC/VLR-->>MS A: RETRIEVE ACK(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: Suppl. Service(AB, CRETR) + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: stublines contain IP of AB + MS A->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT(AB) + MSC/VLR-->>B: REL + Note right of MS A: ... release of AB call and interception as in figure A1 ... + MS A->>MSC/VLR: Release(AB) + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: stublines contain IP of AB + +``` + +Sequence diagram for call hold / call waiting interception. Lifelines: DF2, DF3, MS A, MSC/VLR, B, C. The diagram shows the interception of a call (AB) while a waiting call (CA) is being established. MS A sends SETUP(AB) to MSC/VLR. A shaded block indicates the interception of the AB call setup. MS A then sends Answer(AB) to MSC/VLR. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of AB'. MSC/VLR receives IAM from B and sends Call Establishment Attempt(CA, CWAIT) to MS A. MS A sends SETUP(CA) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends ACM to B. MS A sends ALERTING(CA) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends CPG(alert) to B. MS A sends HOLD(AB) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends HOLD ACK(AB) to MS A. MS A sends Suppl. Service(AB, CHOLD) to MSC/VLR. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of CA'. MS A sends CONNECT(CA) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends Answer(CA) to MS A. MSC/VLR sends ANM to B. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of CA'. MSC/VLR sends DISCONNECT(CA) to MS A. B sends REL to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends Release(CA) to MS A. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of AB'. MS A sends RETRIEVE(AB) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends RETRIEVE ACK(AB) to MS A. MS A sends Suppl. Service(AB, CRETR) to MSC/VLR. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of AB'. MS A sends DISCONNECT(AB) to MSC/VLR. MSC/VLR sends REL to B. A shaded block indicates the interception of the AB call release. MS A sends Release(AB) to MSC/VLR. DF2 receives a message from MSC/VLR with the note 'stublines contain IP of AB'. + +Figure A.3: Interception of call hold / call waiting - stublines per target + +![Sequence diagram showing the interception of call hold / call waiting. Lifelines: DF2, DF3, MS A, MSC/VLR, B, C. The diagram illustrates the interaction between MS A and MSC/VLR to intercept a call between B and C, involving setup, hold, and retrieve operations with associated stubline handling.](00504fc688ebcf131ccbeff94dfc9939_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS A + participant MSC/VLR + participant B + participant C + + MS A->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(AB) + Note over MSC/VLR, B: ... setup and interception of AB call +as in figure A1 ... + MSC/VLR->>MS A: Answer(AB) + MSC/VLR-->DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines' contain IP of AB + C->>MSC/VLR: IAM + Note over MSC/VLR: setup of stublines" + MSC/VLR-->DF3: + MSC/VLR-->DF2: Call Establishment Attempt(CA, CWAIT) + MSC/VLR->>C: ACM + MSC/VLR->>MS A: SETUP(CA) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: ALERTING(CA) + MSC/VLR->>C: CPG(alert) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: HOLD(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: HOLD ACK(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: Suppl. Service(AB, CHOLD) + MSC/VLR-->DF2: + MSC/VLR->>MS A: CONNECT(CA) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: Answer(CA) + MSC/VLR->>C: ANM + MSC/VLR-->DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines" contain IP of CA + MSC/VLR->>MS A: DISCONNECT(CA) + MSC/VLR->>C: REL + Note over MSC/VLR: release of stublines" + MSC/VLR-->DF3: + MSC/VLR->>MS A: Release(CA) + MSC/VLR-->DF2: + MS A->>MSC/VLR: RETRIEVE(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: RETRIEVE ACK(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: Suppl. Service(AB, CRETR) + MSC/VLR-->DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines' contain IP of AB + MS A->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: REL + Note over MSC/VLR, B: ... release of AB call and interception +as in figure A1 ... + MSC/VLR->>MS A: Release(AB) + MSC/VLR-->DF2: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interception of call hold / call waiting. Lifelines: DF2, DF3, MS A, MSC/VLR, B, C. The diagram illustrates the interaction between MS A and MSC/VLR to intercept a call between B and C, involving setup, hold, and retrieve operations with associated stubline handling. + +**Figure A.4: Interception of call hold / call waiting - stublines per target call** + +## A.4 Multiparty calls + +Figures A.5 and A.6 show the interception of multiparty calls. Figure A.5 covers the case where one pair of stublines is used per target, figure A.6 covers the case where a pair of stublines is used for each target call. The mobile setting up the multiparty call (A) is the target for interception. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interception of multiparty calls between DF2, DF3, MS A, MSC/VLR, B, and C. The diagram illustrates the interaction for setting up and releasing calls AB and AC, with stublines containing IP information for various targets.](e05b36c0d46549e681ce6581422c66b2_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS A + participant MSC/VLR + participant B + participant C + + Note right of MS A: SETUP(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(AB) + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... setup and interception of AB call as in figure A1 ... + Note right of MS A: Answer(AB) + MS A->>DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines contain IP of AB + Note right of MS A: HOLD(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: HOLD(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: HOLD ACK(AB) + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AB, CHOLD) + MS A->>DF2: + Note right of MS A: SETUP(AC) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(AC) + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... setup and interception of AC call as in figure A1 without setup of stublines ... + Note right of MS A: Answer(AC) + MS A->>DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines contain IP of AC + Note right of MS A: BuildMPTY(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: BuildMPTY(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: BuildMPTY ACK(AB) + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AB, BMPTY) + MS A->>DF2: + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AC, BMPTY) + MS A->>DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines contain IP of ABC + Note right of MS A: SplitMPTY(AC) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: SplitMPTY(AC) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: SplitMPTY ACK(AB) + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AC, SMPTY) + MS A->>DF2: + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AB, HMPTY) + MS A->>DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines contain IP of AC + Note right of MS A: DISCONNECT(AC) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT(AC) + MSC/VLR->>C: REL + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... release of AC call and interception as in figure A1 without release of the stublines ... + Note right of MS A: Release(AC) + MS A->>DF2: + Note right of MS A: RetrieveMPTY(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: RetrieveMPTY(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: RetrieveMPTY ACK(AB) + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AB, RMPTY) + MS A->>DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines contain IP of AB + Note right of MS A: DISCONNECT(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT(AB) + MSC/VLR->>B: REL + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... release of AB call and interception as in figure A1 ... + Note right of MS A: Release(AB) + MS A->>DF2: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interception of multiparty calls between DF2, DF3, MS A, MSC/VLR, B, and C. The diagram illustrates the interaction for setting up and releasing calls AB and AC, with stublines containing IP information for various targets. + +Figure A.5: Interception of multiparty calls - stublines per target + +![Sequence diagram showing the interception of multiparty calls. Lifelines: DF2, DF3, MS A, MSC/VLR, B, C. The diagram illustrates the interaction between a Mobile Station (MS A) and a Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register (MSC/VLR) to intercept calls between two other entities (B and C). The process involves setup, hold, and split multiparty call procedures with corresponding signaling messages and stublines indicating interception points.](b5335262987c819d7f71ce40f99cb71b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS A + participant MSC/VLR + participant B + participant C + + Note right of MS A: SETUP(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(AB) + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... setup and interception of AB call as in figure A1 ... + Note right of MS A: Answer(AB) + MS A->>DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines' contain IP of AB + Note right of MS A: HOLD(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: HOLD(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: HOLD ACK(AB) + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AB, CHOLD) + MS A->>DF2: + Note right of MS A: SETUP(AC) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(AC) + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... setup and interception of AC call as in figure A1 ... + Note right of MS A: Answer(AC) + MS A->>DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines" contain IP of AC + Note right of MS A: BuildMPTY(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: BuildMPTY(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: BuildMPTY ACK(AB) + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AB, BMPTY) + MS A->>DF2: + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AC, BMPTY) + MS A->>DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines' contain IP of ABC + Note left of DF2: stublines" contain IP of ABC + Note right of MS A: SplitMPTY(AC) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: SplitMPTY(AC) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: SplitMPTY ACK(AB) + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AC, SMPTY) + MS A->>DF2: + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AB, HMPTY) + MS A->>DF2: + Note left of DF2: stublines" contain IP of AC + Note right of MS A: DISCONNECT(AC) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT(AC) + MSC/VLR->>C: REL + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... release of AC call and interception as in figure A1 ... + Note right of MS A: Release(AC) + MS A->>DF2: + Note right of MS A: RetrieveMPTY(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: RetrieveMPTY(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS A: RetrieveMPTY ACK(AB) + Note right of MS A: Suppl. Service(AB, RMPTY) + MS A->>DF2: + Note left of DF2: stubline(s)' contain(s) IP of AB + Note right of MS A: DISCONNECT(AB) + MS A->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT(AB) + MSC/VLR->>B: REL + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... release of AB call and interception as in figure A1 ... + Note right of MS A: Release(AB) + MS A->>DF2: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interception of multiparty calls. Lifelines: DF2, DF3, MS A, MSC/VLR, B, C. The diagram illustrates the interaction between a Mobile Station (MS A) and a Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register (MSC/VLR) to intercept calls between two other entities (B and C). The process involves setup, hold, and split multiparty call procedures with corresponding signaling messages and stublines indicating interception points. + +Figure A.6: Interception of multiparty calls - stublines per target call + +## A.5 Call forwarding / call deflection + +The following pictures show the information flows for the interception of forwarded calls. Information flows will be given for three typical cases of call forwarding. All other types of call forwarding / call deflection are intercepted similar to one of these. + +### A.5.1 Unconditional call forwarding + +Figure A.7 shows the interception of unconditionally forwarded calls. The mobile that activated unconditional call forwarding (B) is the target for interception. In this case interception will be performed at the GMSC, where the SRI request for B is issued and subsequently the SRI response indicating that the call must be forwarded is received back. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interception of unconditional call forwarding between DF2, DF3, HLR, GMSC, A, and C.](8658cfab6a458b4a80ab2e384c61ff89_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant HLR + participant GMSC + participant A + participant C + + A->>GMSC: IAM + GMSC->>A: ACM + GMSC->>HLR: SRI request for B + HLR->>GMSC: SRI response + GMSC-->>DF3: setup of stublines + Note over GMSC: Call Establishment Attempt + GMSC-->>DF2: Call Establishment Attempt + GMSC-->>DF2: Suppl. Service(CFU) + GMSC->>C: IAM + C->>GMSC: ACM + C->>GMSC: CPG(alert) + GMSC->>A: CPG(alert) + Note over DF2, DF3: Stublines contain IP of AC + C->>GMSC: ANM + Note over GMSC: Answer + GMSC-->>DF2: Answer + GMSC->>A: ANM + GMSC->>A: REL + GMSC->>C: REL + GMSC-->>DF3: release of stublines + Note over GMSC: Release + GMSC-->>DF2: Release + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interception of unconditional call forwarding between DF2, DF3, HLR, GMSC, A, and C. + +**Figure A.7: Interception of unconditional call forwarding** + +### A.5.2 Call forwarding on not reachable (IMSI detached) + +Call forwarding on not reachable because the IMSI is detached is also handled on the GMSC. Interception of this type of call forwarding is similar to interception of unconditional call forwarding. + +### A.5.3 Call forwarding on busy (network determined) + +Figure A.8 shows the interception of call forwarding on busy (network determined). The mobile that activated call forwarding on busy (B) is the target for interception. In this case interception will be performed at the MSC/VLR where B resides, where the busy condition is detected and the call is forwarded. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the interception of call forwarding on busy (network determined).](0ee9d674085524d589646a6c3fb21ec3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS B + participant MSC/VLR + participant A + participant C + participant D + + MS B->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(BD) + Note over MSC/VLR, D: ... setup and interception of BD call as in figure A1 ... + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Answer(BD) + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: stublines' contain IP of BD + A->>MSC/VLR: IAM + MSC/VLR-->>DF3: setup of stublines" + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Call Establishment Attempt(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Suppl. Service(AB, CFB) + MSC/VLR->>A: ACM + MSC/VLR->>C: IAM + C->>MSC/VLR: ACM + C->>MSC/VLR: CPG(alert) + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(alert) + C->>MSC/VLR: ANM + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Answer(AB) + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: Stublines" contain IP of AC + MSC/VLR->>A: ANM + MSC/VLR->>C: REL + A->>MSC/VLR: REL + MSC/VLR-->>DF3: release of stublines" + MS B->>MSC/VLR: Release(AB) + MS B->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT(BD) + Note over MSC/VLR, D: ... release of BD call and interception as in figure A1 ... + MSC/VLR->>D: REL + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Release(BD) + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: + +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interaction between DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, C, and D for call forwarding on busy (network determined). The process starts with MS B sending a SETUP(BD) message to the MSC/VLR. The MSC/VLR then performs internal setup and interception (indicated by a shaded box). It answers the call with Answer(BD). DF2 is notified that stublines contain the IP of BD. An IAM is received from A, and the MSC/VLR notifies DF3 to setup stublines. The MSC/VLR then initiates call establishment with MS B using Call Establishment Attempt(AB) and Suppl. Service(AB, CFB). The MSC/VLR sends ACM to A and IAM to C. C responds with ACM and CPG(alert). The MSC/VLR then sends CPG(alert) to A. C sends ANM, and the MSC/VLR answers the call with Answer(AB) to MS B. DF2 is notified that stublines contain the IP of AC. The MSC/VLR then sends ANM to A and REL to C. A responds with REL. DF3 is notified to release stublines. MS B sends Release(AB) and DISCONNECT(BD). The MSC/VLR then performs internal release and interception (indicated by a shaded box) and sends REL to D. Finally, the MSC/VLR sends Release(BD) to MS B. + +Sequence diagram illustrating the interception of call forwarding on busy (network determined). + +**Figure A.8: Interception of call forwarding on busy (network determined)** + +### A.5.4 Call forwarding on not reachable (no response to paging/radio channel failure) + +Call forwarding on not reachable because of no response to paging or radio channel failure is also handled on the MSC/VLR similar to call forwarding on busy (network determined). Interception of this type of call forwarding is therefore done in the same way. + +### A.5.5 Call forwarding on no reply + +Figure A.9 shows the interception of call forwarding on no reply. The mobile that activated call forwarding on no reply (B) is the target for interception. In this case interception will be performed at the MSC/VLR where B resides, where the no reply condition is detected and the call is forwarded. Initially, the interception is similar to the interception of a basic mobile terminated circuit switched speech or data call. On no reply time-out, the interception will continue on the forwarded call to C. + +![Sequence diagram Figure A.9: Interception of call forwarding on no reply. The diagram shows vertical lifelines for DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, and C. 1. A sends IAM to MSC/VLR. 2. MSC/VLR initiates 'setup of stublines' (dashed arrows to DF3 and DF2). 3. MSC/VLR sends 'Call Establishment Attempt' to MS B. 4. MSC/VLR sends ACM to A. 5. MSC/VLR sends SETUP to MS B. 6. MS B sends ALERTING to MSC/VLR. 7. MSC/VLR sends CPG(alert) to A. 8. A 'No reply timeout' occurs. 9. MS B sends Suppl. Service(CFNR) to MSC/VLR. 10. MSC/VLR sends CPG(forward) to A. 11. MSC/VLR sends IAM to C. 12. C sends ACM to MSC/VLR. 13. MSC/VLR sends CPG(alert) to A. 14. MSC/VLR sends CPG(alert) to A (repeated). 15. C sends ANM to MSC/VLR. 16. MS B sends Answer to MSC/VLR. 17. MSC/VLR sends ANM to A. 18. MSC/VLR sends REL to A and C. 19. MSC/VLR initiates 'release of stublines' (dashed arrows to DF3 and DF2). 20. MSC/VLR sends Release to MS B. A note indicates 'Stublines contain IP of AC'.](fcbc3c31776721edc98ceb1944ec438f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS B + participant MSC/VLR + participant A + participant C + + A->>MSC/VLR: IAM + MSC/VLR-->>DF3: setup of stublines + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Call Establishment Attempt + MSC/VLR->>A: ACM + MSC/VLR->>MS B: SETUP + MS B->>MSC/VLR: ALERTING + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(alert) + Note over MSC/VLR: No reply timeout + MS B->>MSC/VLR: Suppl. Service(CFNR) + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(forward) + MSC/VLR->>C: IAM + C->>MSC/VLR: ACM + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(alert) + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(alert) + C->>MSC/VLR: ANM + MS B->>MSC/VLR: Answer + MSC/VLR->>A: ANM + Note left of DF3: Stublines contain IP of AC + MSC/VLR->>A: REL + MSC/VLR->>C: REL + MSC/VLR-->>DF3: release of stublines + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Release + +``` + +Sequence diagram Figure A.9: Interception of call forwarding on no reply. The diagram shows vertical lifelines for DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, and C. 1. A sends IAM to MSC/VLR. 2. MSC/VLR initiates 'setup of stublines' (dashed arrows to DF3 and DF2). 3. MSC/VLR sends 'Call Establishment Attempt' to MS B. 4. MSC/VLR sends ACM to A. 5. MSC/VLR sends SETUP to MS B. 6. MS B sends ALERTING to MSC/VLR. 7. MSC/VLR sends CPG(alert) to A. 8. A 'No reply timeout' occurs. 9. MS B sends Suppl. Service(CFNR) to MSC/VLR. 10. MSC/VLR sends CPG(forward) to A. 11. MSC/VLR sends IAM to C. 12. C sends ACM to MSC/VLR. 13. MSC/VLR sends CPG(alert) to A. 14. MSC/VLR sends CPG(alert) to A (repeated). 15. C sends ANM to MSC/VLR. 16. MS B sends Answer to MSC/VLR. 17. MSC/VLR sends ANM to A. 18. MSC/VLR sends REL to A and C. 19. MSC/VLR initiates 'release of stublines' (dashed arrows to DF3 and DF2). 20. MSC/VLR sends Release to MS B. A note indicates 'Stublines contain IP of AC'. + +**Figure A.9: Interception of call forwarding on no reply** + +In figure A.9 the release of the stublines is done after the forwarded call is released by A or C. It is a national option not to support interception of forwarded calls. In that case, the release of the stublines is done after the call is forwarded and B is no longer involved. + +### A.5.6 Call forwarding on busy (user determined)/call deflection + +Call forwarding on busy (user determined) and call deflection are also handled on the MSC/VLR similar to call forwarding on no reply. Interception of this type of call forwarding is therefore done in the same way. + +### A.5.7 Call waiting / call forwarding on no reply + +Figures A.10 and A.11 show the interception of a call involving both call waiting and call forwarding on no reply. Figure A.10 covers the case where one pair of stublines is used per target, figure A.11 covers the case where a pair of + +stublines is used for each target call. The mobile that activated call forwarding on no reply and receives the waiting call (B) is the target for interception. In figure A.10 a new (pair of) stublines needs to be set up when the call is forwarded since the first (pair of) stublines is still used for the initial call. + +![Sequence diagram showing call interception and forwarding between DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, C, and D. The diagram illustrates the setup and release of stublines for multiple target calls.](08c7a76a7786bd08b99dd4cb41583ef4_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS B + participant MSC/VLR + participant A + participant C + participant D + + MS B->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(BD) + Note over MS B, D: ... setup and interception of BD call as in figure A1 ... + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Answer(BD) + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: stublines' contain IP of BD + MSC/VLR->>A: IAM + Note over MSC/VLR, A: Call Establishment Attempt(AB, CWAIT) + A->>MSC/VLR: ACM + MSC/VLR->>MS B: SETUP(AB) + MS B->>MSC/VLR: ALERTING(AB) + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(alert) + Note over MSC/VLR: No reply timeout + MSC/VLR-->>DF3: setup of stublines" + MS B->>MSC/VLR: Suppl. Service(AB, CFNR) + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(forward) + MSC/VLR->>C: IAM + C->>MSC/VLR: ACM + C->>MSC/VLR: CPG(alert) + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(alert) + C->>MSC/VLR: ANM + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Answer(AB) + MSC/VLR->>A: ANM + MSC/VLR-->>DF2: Stublines" contain IP of AC + MSC/VLR->>A: REL + MSC/VLR->>C: REL + MSC/VLR-->>DF3: release of stublines" + MS B->>MSC/VLR: Release(AB) + MS B->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT(BD) + D->>MSC/VLR: REL + Note over MS B, D: ... release of BD call and interception as in figure A1 ... + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Release(BD) + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing call interception and forwarding between DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, C, and D. The diagram illustrates the setup and release of stublines for multiple target calls. + +**Figure A.10: Interception of call waiting / call forwarding on no reply - stublines per target** + +![Sequence diagram for interception of call waiting / call forwarding on no reply. Lifelines: DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, C, D. The diagram shows the setup and release of a call from MS B to A, with interception at MSC/VLR. DF2 and DF3 receive stublines containing the IP of BD and AC respectively. The process includes SETUP, Answer, IAM, ACM, CPG(alert), CPG(forward), ANM, REL, and DISCONNECT messages.](6629e8a87e7552e2454b7c3e9f6d73a0_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS B + participant MSC/VLR + participant A + participant C + participant D + + Note right of MS B: ... setup and interception of BD call as in figure A1 ... + MS B->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(BD) + Note right of MS B: ... setup and interception of BD call as in figure A1 ... + MS B->>DF2: Answer(BD) + Note left of DF2: stublines' contain IP of BD + MSC/VLR->>A: IAM + Note right of MSC/VLR: setup of stublines" + DF3-->>MSC/VLR: + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Call Establishment Attempt(AB, CWAIT) + MSC/VLR->>A: ACM + MS B->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(AB) + MS B->>MSC/VLR: ALERTING(AB) + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(alert) + Note right of MSC/VLR: No reply timeout + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Suppl. Service(AB, CFNR) + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(forward) + MSC/VLR->>A: IAM + MSC/VLR->>C: ACM + MSC/VLR->>C: CPG(alert) + MSC/VLR->>A: CPG(alert) + MSC/VLR->>C: ANM + MS B->>DF2: Answer(AB) + Note left of DF2: Stublines" contain IP of AC + MSC/VLR->>A: ANM + MSC/VLR->>C: REL + A->>C: REL + Note right of MSC/VLR: release of stublines" + DF3-->>MSC/VLR: + MS B->>DF2: Release(AB) + MS B->>MSC/VLR: DISCONNECT(BD) + Note right of MS B: ... release of BD call and interception as in figure A1 ... + MS B->>DF2: Release(BD) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for interception of call waiting / call forwarding on no reply. Lifelines: DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, C, D. The diagram shows the setup and release of a call from MS B to A, with interception at MSC/VLR. DF2 and DF3 receive stublines containing the IP of BD and AC respectively. The process includes SETUP, Answer, IAM, ACM, CPG(alert), CPG(forward), ANM, REL, and DISCONNECT messages. + +Figure A.11: Interception of call waiting / call forwarding on no reply - stublines per target call + +## A.6 Explicit call transfer + +Figures A.12 and A.13 show the interception of explicit call transfer. Figure A.12 covers the case where one pair of stublines is used per target, figure A.13 covers the case where a pair of stublines is used for each target call. The mobile transferring the call (B) is the target for interception. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure A.12: Interception of explicit call transfer - stublines per target. The diagram shows interactions between DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, and C. It details the setup, interception, and release of multiple calls (AB, BC, AC) using stublines.](4ff00a489baaa34a0c01070de1d613db_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS B + participant MSC/VLR + participant A + participant C + + Note right of A: IAM + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... setup and interception of AB call as in figure A2 ... + MS B->>MSC/VLR: Answer(AB) + Note left of MS B: stublines contain IP of AB + MS B->>MSC/VLR: HOLD(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS B: HOLD ACK(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Suppl. Service(AB, CHOLD) + MS B->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(BC) + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... setup and interception of BC call as in figure A1 without setup of stublines ... + MS B->>MSC/VLR: Answer(BC) + Note left of MS B: stublines contain IP of BC + MS B->>MSC/VLR: ECT(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Suppl. Service(AB, ECT) + MSC/VLR->>MS B: Suppl. Service(BC, ECT) + Note left of MS B: Stublines contain IP of AC + MSC/VLR->>A: REL + A->>C: REL + Note left of MSC/VLR: release of stublines + MS B->>MSC/VLR: Release(AB) + MS B->>MSC/VLR: Release(BC) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure A.12: Interception of explicit call transfer - stublines per target. The diagram shows interactions between DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, and C. It details the setup, interception, and release of multiple calls (AB, BC, AC) using stublines. + +Figure A.12: Interception of explicit call transfer - stublines per target + +![Sequence diagram for interception of explicit call transfer. Lifelines: DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, C. The diagram shows the setup and interception of two calls (AB and BC) and the subsequent release of stublines.](329c96049bb432e9c2cbda4e224a0c9c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2 + participant DF3 + participant MS B + participant MSC/VLR + participant A + participant C + + Note right of A: IAM + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... setup and interception of AB call as in figure A2 ... + MS B->>DF2: Answer(AB) + Note left of DF2: stublines' contain IP of AB + MS B->>MSC/VLR: HOLD(AB) + MSC/VLR->>MS B: HOLD ACK(AB) + MS B->>DF2: Suppl. Service(AB, CHOLD) + MS B->>MSC/VLR: SETUP(BC) + Note right of MSC/VLR: ... setup and interception of BC call as in figure A1 ... + MS B->>DF2: Answer(BC) + Note left of DF2: stublines" contain IP of BC + MS B->>MSC/VLR: ECT(AB) + MS B->>DF2: Suppl. Service(AB, ECT) + MS B->>DF2: Suppl. Service(BC, ECT) + Note left of DF2: Stublines' contain IP of AC + Note left of DF2: Stublines" contain IP of AC + MSC/VLR->>A: REL + A->>C: REL + MS B-->>DF3: release of stublines' + MS B-->>DF3: release of stublines" + MS B->>DF2: Release(AB) + MS B->>DF2: Release(BC) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for interception of explicit call transfer. Lifelines: DF2, DF3, MS B, MSC/VLR, A, C. The diagram shows the setup and interception of two calls (AB and BC) and the subsequent release of stublines. + +**Figure A.13: Interception of explicit call transfer - stublines per target call** + +In figures A.12 and A.13 the release of the stublines is done after the transferred call is released by A or C. It is a national option not to support interception of transferred calls. In that case, the release of the stublines is done after the call is transferred and B is no longer involved. + +# Annex B (normative): Interception for GPRS + +## B.1 Architecture + +The following picture contains the reference configuration for the lawful interception for GPRS systems. The various entities and interfaces are described in more detail in the succeeding sections. Interception takes place within the SGSN. As a national option, the GGSN may be used for interception. + +There is one Administration Function (ADMF) in the network. Together with the delivery functions it is used to hide from the SGSN and GGSN that there might be multiple activations by different Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) on the same target. + +![Figure B.1: Reference configuration for GPRS. This diagram shows the network architecture for lawful interception. On the left, three stacked boxes represent Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs). Dotted lines labeled X0_1, X0_2, and X0_3 connect these LEAs to a central ADMF box at the top. The ADMF box is connected to two 'Delivery Function' boxes, labeled 'Delivery Function 2P' and 'Delivery Function 3P'. Solid lines labeled X1_2p and X1_3p connect the ADMF to these delivery functions. Both delivery functions are connected to a GSN box on the right via solid lines labeled X2p and X3p. Additionally, a diagonal solid line labeled X1_1p connects the ADMF directly to the GSN.](52e112d1ba42a3c660bf62a0fea927d3_img.jpg) + +Figure B.1: Reference configuration for GPRS. This diagram shows the network architecture for lawful interception. On the left, three stacked boxes represent Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs). Dotted lines labeled X0\_1, X0\_2, and X0\_3 connect these LEAs to a central ADMF box at the top. The ADMF box is connected to two 'Delivery Function' boxes, labeled 'Delivery Function 2P' and 'Delivery Function 3P'. Solid lines labeled X1\_2p and X1\_3p connect the ADMF to these delivery functions. Both delivery functions are connected to a GSN box on the right via solid lines labeled X2p and X3p. Additionally, a diagonal solid line labeled X1\_1p connects the ADMF directly to the GSN. + +Figure B.1: Reference configuration for GPRS + +The GSN (GPRS Support Node) can be SGSN or GGSN. The reference configuration is only a logical representation of the entities involved in lawful interception and does not mandate separate physical entities. This allows for higher levels of integration. + +## B.2 Activation, deactivation and interrogation + +The following picture shows the extract from the reference configuration which is relevant for activation, deactivation and interrogation of the lawful interception for the GPRS system. + +![Figure B.2: Functional model for GPRS Lawful Interception activation, deactivation and interrogation. This diagram is a subset of Figure B.1, focusing on the activation and management components. It shows the ADMF box at the top connected to 'Delivery Function 2P' and 'Delivery Function 3P' by solid lines labeled X1_2p and X1_3p. The ADMF is also connected to the GSN box on the right by a diagonal solid line labeled X1_1p. A dotted line labeled X0_1 connects the ADMF to the left, representing the interface to the LEA for management purposes. The Delivery Functions are shown without their connections to the LEAs or the GSN in this specific functional model.](90aa518591dfa9a78f61c31296f9b158_img.jpg) + +Figure B.2: Functional model for GPRS Lawful Interception activation, deactivation and interrogation. This diagram is a subset of Figure B.1, focusing on the activation and management components. It shows the ADMF box at the top connected to 'Delivery Function 2P' and 'Delivery Function 3P' by solid lines labeled X1\_2p and X1\_3p. The ADMF is also connected to the GSN box on the right by a diagonal solid line labeled X1\_1p. A dotted line labeled X0\_1 connects the ADMF to the left, representing the interface to the LEA for management purposes. The Delivery Functions are shown without their connections to the LEAs or the GSN in this specific functional model. + +Figure B.2: Functional model for GPRS Lawful Interception activation, deactivation and interrogation + +In addition to the typical GPRS functional entities, a new functional entity is introduced - the ADMF - the Lawful Interception administration function. The ADMF: + +- interfaces with all the LEAs that may require interception in the PLMN; +- keeps the intercept activities of individual LEAs separate; +- interfaces to the PLMN. + +Every physical SGSN or GGSN is linked by an own X1\_1p-interface to the ADMF. Consequently, every single SGSN or GGSN performs interception (activation, deactivation, interrogation as well as invocation) independently from other SGSNs or GGSNs. The X0\_1-interface represents the interface between the requester of the lawful interception and the Lawful administration function; it is included for completeness, but is beyond the scope of the present document. + +The target identity for GPRS interception can be the IMSI, MSISDN or IMEI. + +NOTE 1: Interception by MSISDN works only with the basic MSISDN. + +In case of location dependent interception the following network/national options exist: + +target location versus Interception Areas (IAs) check in the SGSN and Delivery Functions (DFs); + +target location versus IAs check in the DFs. (physical co-location of the SGSN and DFs may be required by national law). + +NOTE 2: The IA is previously defined by a set of cells. From the location of the target this set of cells permits to find the relevant IAs. + +NOTE 3: The GGSN is not used for interception when location dependent interception is invoked in the network. + +### B.2.1 Activation + +The following pictures show the information flow for the activation of the Lawful interception. + +#### B.2.1.1 X1\_1p-interface + +The message sent from the ADMF to the GSN through the X1\_1p interface contains the following: + +- identity of the target ; +- information whether the IP shall be provided (see note 1); +- information whether the IRI shall be provided (see note 1); +- address of Delivery Function 2 (DF2P) for the IRI (see note 2); +- address of Delivery Function 3 (DF3P) for GPRS product (see note 3); +- IA in case of location dependent interception. + +NOTE 1: As an option, the filtering whether intercept product and/or intercept related information has to be provided can be part of the delivery functions. If the option is used, the corresponding information can be omitted on the X1\_1p-interface, while "information not present" means "intercept product and related information has to be provided" for the GSN. Furthermore the delivery function which is not requested has to be "pseudo-activated", in order to prevent error cases at invocation. + +NOTE 2: As an option, only a single DF2P is used by and known to every SGSN or GGSN in the network. In this case the address of DF2P can be omitted. + +NOTE 3: As an option, only a single DF3P is used by and known to every SGSN or GGSN in the network. In this case the address of DF3P can be omitted. + +If after activation subsequently IP (Intercepted product) or IRI has to be activated an "activation change request" with the same target ID is to be sent. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1_1p-interface for Lawful Interception activation between ADMF and GSN.](8269648391c59363ea61243864a2adf7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant ADMF + participant GSN + Note right of ADMF: ... activation of delivery functions ... + External->>ADMF: request for lawful interception activation + ADMF->>GSN: lawful interception activation + GSN-->>ADMF: lawful interception activation ack + ADMF-->>External: response for lawful interception activation + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction on the X1\_1p-interface for lawful interception activation. It features two main entities: ADMF and GSN. The process begins with an external request for lawful interception activation sent to the ADMF. Upon receiving this, the ADMF performs internal 'activation of delivery functions' (indicated by a shaded box). It then sends a 'lawful interception activation' message to the GSN. The GSN responds with a 'lawful interception activation ack' back to the ADMF. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception activation' back to the external requester. + +Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1\_1p-interface for Lawful Interception activation between ADMF and GSN. + +**Figure B.3: Information flow on X1\_1p-interface for Lawful Interception activation** + +Interception of a target can be activated on request from different LEAs and each LEA may request interception via a different identity. In this case, each identity of the target on which to intercept will need to be sent via separate activation message from ADMF to GSN on the X1\_1p-interface. Each activation can be for IP only, IRI only, or both IP and IRI. + +When several LEAs request activation on the same identity then the ADMF determines that there are existing activations on the identity. In this case, the ADMF will not send an additional activation message to the GSN except when the activation needs to change from IP only or IRI only to IP and IRI. In that case an activation change message will be sent to the GSN. + +#### B.2.1.2 X1\_2p-interface (IRI) + +For the delivery of IRI the message sent from the ADMF to the Delivery Function contains: + +- the identity of the target; +- the address for delivery of IRI (= LEA address); +- which subset of information shall be delivered; +- a DF2P activation identity, which uniquely identifies the activation for DF2P and is used for further interrogation or deactivation, respectively; +- the warrant reference number if required by national option; +- IA in case of location dependent interception. + +If a target is intercepted by several LEAs and/or several identities simultaneously, a single activation of delivery is necessary for each combination of LEA and identity. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1_2p-interface for Lawful Interception activation between ADMF and DF 2P.](32ff77da4286b58c4778033acaa10836_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant ADMF + participant DF_2P as DF 2P + Note left of ADMF: request for lawful interception activation + ADMF->>DF_2P: lawful interception activation + DF_2P-->>ADMf: lawful interception activation ack + Note right of ADMF: ... activation on X1_1p and X1_3p ... + Note left of ADMF: response for lawful interception activation +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction for lawful interception activation on the X1\_2p-interface. It features two lifelines: ADMF and DF 2P. An external request for lawful interception activation is received by the ADMF. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception activation' message to the DF 2P. The DF 2P responds with a 'lawful interception activation ack' message. A note on the ADMF lifeline indicates that the activation is also on X1\_1p and X1\_3p. Finally, a response for lawful interception activation is sent from the ADMF back to the external requester. + +Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1\_2p-interface for Lawful Interception activation between ADMF and DF 2P. + +**Figure B.4: Information flow on X1\_2p-interface for Lawful Interception activation** + +#### B.2.1.3 X1\_3p-interface (IP) + +For the delivery of GPRS intercept product the message sent from the ADMF to the Delivery Function contains: + +- the identity of the target; +- the address of delivery for IP (= LEA address); +- a DF3 activation identity, which uniquely identifies the activation for delivery function 3 and is used for further interrogation or deactivation, respectively; +- the warrant reference number if required by national option; +- IA in case of location dependent interception. + +If a target is intercepted by several LEAs and/or several identities simultaneously, a single activation of delivery is necessary for each combination of LEA and identity. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1_3p-interface for Lawful Interception activation between ADMF and DF 3P.](0d0897dd7f03672d186db9d56ea0d6f5_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant ADMF + participant DF_3P as DF 3P + Note left of ADMF: request for lawful interception activation + ADMF->>DF_3P: lawful interception activation + DF_3P-->>ADMf: lawful interception activation ack + Note right of ADMF: ... activation on X1_1p and X1_2p ... + Note left of ADMF: response for lawful interception activation +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction for lawful interception activation on the X1\_3p-interface. It features two lifelines: ADMF and DF 3P. An external request for lawful interception activation is received by the ADMF. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception activation' message to the DF 3P. The DF 3P responds with a 'lawful interception activation ack' message. A note on the ADMF lifeline indicates that the activation is also on X1\_1p and X1\_2p. Finally, a response for lawful interception activation is sent from the ADMF back to the external requester. + +Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1\_3p-interface for Lawful Interception activation between ADMF and DF 3P. + +**Figure B.5: Information flow on X1\_3p-interface for Lawful Interception activation** + +### B.2.2 Deactivation + +The following picture shows the information flow for the deactivation of the Lawful interception. + +#### B.2.2.1 X1\_1p-interface + +The messages sent from the ADMF to the GSN for deactivation contains: + +- the identity of the target; +- IA in case of location dependent interception. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1_1p-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation between ADMF and GSN.](a97518a839da75f8379c578562b01bc2_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant ADMF + participant GSN + Note left of ADMF: request for lawful interception deactivation + ADMF->>GSN: lawful interception deactivation + Note right of GSN: ... deactivation of delivery functions ... + GSN-->>ADMF: lawful interception deactivation ack + Note right of ADMF: response for lawful interception deactivation +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction between the ADMF and the GSN for lawful interception deactivation. It starts with a request for lawful interception deactivation from the ADMF. The ADMF then sends a lawful interception deactivation message to the GSN. The GSN responds with a lawful interception deactivation ack. The ADMF then sends a response for lawful interception deactivation. A box labeled '... deactivation of delivery functions ...' is shown within the GSN's processing. + +Sequence diagram showing information flow on X1\_1p-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation between ADMF and GSN. + +**Figure B.6: Information flow on X1\_1p-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation** + +If interception of a target has been activated via different identities then a separate deactivation message will need to be sent from the ADMF to the GSN for each identity. + +When several LEAs requested activation on the same identity and subsequently request deactivation then the ADMF determines that there are remaining activations on the identity. In this case, the ADMF will not send a deactivation message to the GSN except when the activation needs to change from IP and IRI to IP only or IRI only. In that case an activation change message will be sent to the GSN. + +#### B.2.2.2 X1\_2p-interface (IRI) + +The ADMF sent for the deactivation to the Delivery Function 2 of the Intercept Related Information: + +- a DF2P activation id, which uniquely identifies the activation to be deactivated for DF2P. + +If a target is intercepted by several LEAs and/or several identities simultaneously, a single deactivation is necessary for each combination of LEA and identity. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow on the X1_2p-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation. The diagram involves two lifelines: ADMF and DF 2P. The sequence starts with a 'request for lawful interception deactivation' from an external source to the ADMF. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception deactivation' message to the DF 2P. The DF 2P responds with a 'lawful interception deactivation ack' message back to the ADMF. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception deactivation' message to the external source. A shaded box on the DF 2P lifeline contains the text '... deactivation on X1_1p and X1_3p...'.](a93de4c3f80bd4a972ab65510b09b68d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant ADMF + participant DF_2P as DF 2P + Note left of ADMF: request for lawful interception deactivation + ADMF->>DF_2P: lawful interception deactivation + DF_2P-->>ADMF: lawful interception deactivation ack + Note right of DF_2P: ... deactivation on X1_1p and X1_3p... + ADMF-->>External: response for lawful interception deactivation + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information flow on the X1\_2p-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation. The diagram involves two lifelines: ADMF and DF 2P. The sequence starts with a 'request for lawful interception deactivation' from an external source to the ADMF. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception deactivation' message to the DF 2P. The DF 2P responds with a 'lawful interception deactivation ack' message back to the ADMF. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception deactivation' message to the external source. A shaded box on the DF 2P lifeline contains the text '... deactivation on X1\_1p and X1\_3p...'. + +Figure B.7: Information flow on the X1\_2p-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation + +#### B.2.2.3 X1\_3p-interface (IP) + +For the deactivating the delivery of the IP the message from the ADMF to the Delivery Function contains: + +- a DF3P activation id, which uniquely identifies the activation to be deactivated for DF3P. + +If a target is intercepted by several LEAs and/or several identities simultaneously, a single deactivation is necessary for each combination of LEA and identity. + +![Sequence diagram showing information flow on the X1_3p-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation. The diagram involves two lifelines: ADMF and DF 3P. The sequence starts with a 'request for lawful interception deactivation' from an external source to the ADMF. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception deactivation' message to the DF 3P. The DF 3P responds with a 'lawful interception deactivation ack' message back to the ADMF. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception deactivation' message to the external source. A shaded box on the DF 3P lifeline contains the text '... deactivation on X1_1p and X1_2p ...'.](2beb95006f1933bed737cfe1e6598db8_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant External + participant ADMF + participant DF_3P as DF 3P + Note left of ADMF: request for lawful interception deactivation + ADMF->>DF_3P: lawful interception deactivation + DF_3P-->>ADMF: lawful interception deactivation ack + Note right of DF_3P: ... deactivation on X1_1p and X1_2p ... + ADMF-->>External: response for lawful interception deactivation + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information flow on the X1\_3p-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation. The diagram involves two lifelines: ADMF and DF 3P. The sequence starts with a 'request for lawful interception deactivation' from an external source to the ADMF. The ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception deactivation' message to the DF 3P. The DF 3P responds with a 'lawful interception deactivation ack' message back to the ADMF. Finally, the ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception deactivation' message to the external source. A shaded box on the DF 3P lifeline contains the text '... deactivation on X1\_1p and X1\_2p ...'. + +Figure B.8: Information flow X1\_3p-interface for Lawful Interception deactivation + +### B.2.3 Interrogation + +The purpose of interrogation is consistency checking for the interception function. It can be used e.g. for audit functionality, but this is beyond the scope of the present document. + +Interrogation of all activations for a given LEA is an ADMF filter function. + +#### B.2.3.1 Interrogation of the SGSN and GGSN + +The following picture shows the information flow for the interrogation of the Lawful interception. It must be possible to interrogate + +- a specific activation at this GSN for a given target identity; +- all activations at this GSN. + +As result of the interrogation the activation status and data are returned. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interrogation of the Lawful Interception (GSN).](052543d8c9c0643b05b3ce45c6decca1_img.jpg) + +A sequence diagram illustrating the interaction between ADMF and GSN. The process starts with an external 'request for lawful interception interrogation' sent to ADMF. ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception interrogation' message to GSN. GSN responds with a 'lawful interception interrogation ack' message back to ADMF. Finally, ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception' to the external requester. A grey box on the ADMF side contains the text '... interrogation on X1\_2p and X1\_3p ...'. + +Sequence diagram showing the interrogation of the Lawful Interception (GSN). + +Figure B.9: Interrogation of the Lawful Interception (GSN) + +#### B.2.3.2 Interrogation of Delivery Functions + +The following picture shows the information flow for the interrogation of the Lawful interception. It must be possible to interrogate: + +- a specific activation at a Delivery Function for a given activation id; +- all activations at a Delivery Function for a given target identity; +- all activations at a Delivery Function. + +As result of the interrogation the activation status and data are returned. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interrogation of the Lawful Interception (Delivery Functions).](56680df276d8e8d21e5ed5c8e21527c6_img.jpg) + +A sequence diagram illustrating the interaction between ADMF and DF 2P/DF 3P. The process starts with an external 'request for lawful interception interrogation' sent to ADMF. ADMF then sends a 'lawful interception interrogation' message to DF 2P/DF 3P. DF 2P/DF 3P responds with a 'lawful interception interrogation ack' message back to ADMF. Finally, ADMF sends a 'response for lawful interception' to the external requester. A grey box on the ADMF side contains the text '... interrogation on X1\_1p...'. + +Sequence diagram showing the interrogation of the Lawful Interception (Delivery Functions). + +Figure B.10: Interrogation of the Lawful Interception (Delivery Functions) + +## B.3 Invocation of Lawful Interception + +The following picture shows the extract from the reference configuration which is relevant for the invocation of the lawful interception. + +![Figure B.11: Functional model for GPRS Lawful Interception invocation. The diagram shows a stack of three boxes labeled 'LEAs' on the left. Two dashed lines, labeled 'X0_2' and 'X0_3', connect the LEAs to two boxes labeled 'Delivery Function 2P' and 'Delivery Function 3P'. Both delivery functions are connected to a single box labeled 'GSN' on the right. The connection between 'Delivery Function 2P' and 'GSN' is labeled 'X2p', and the connection between 'Delivery Function 3P' and 'GSN' is labeled 'X3n'.](73b28b0f5e3be628bb5a3d6bd1d79d21_img.jpg) + +Figure B.11: Functional model for GPRS Lawful Interception invocation. The diagram shows a stack of three boxes labeled 'LEAs' on the left. Two dashed lines, labeled 'X0\_2' and 'X0\_3', connect the LEAs to two boxes labeled 'Delivery Function 2P' and 'Delivery Function 3P'. Both delivery functions are connected to a single box labeled 'GSN' on the right. The connection between 'Delivery Function 2P' and 'GSN' is labeled 'X2p', and the connection between 'Delivery Function 3P' and 'GSN' is labeled 'X3n'. + +**Figure B.11: Functional model for GPRS Lawful Interception invocation** + +The X0\_2 and X0\_3-interfaces represent the interfaces between the LEA and two delivery functions. Both interfaces are subject to national requirements. They are included for completeness, but are beyond the scope of the present document. The delivery functions are used: + +- to convert the information on the X2p-interface to the corresponding information on the X0\_2-interface; +- to distribute the intercept related information to the relevant LEA(s); +- to distribute the intercept product to the relevant LEA(s). + +In case a packet data communication is selected based on several identities (MSISDN, IMSI, IMEI, ) of the same target, the SGSN or GGSN will deliver IP and IRI only once to the DF2P and DF3P. DF2P and DF3P will then distribute the information to the relevant LEA that requested interception on a particular target identity. + +For the delivery of the IP and IRI the SGSN or GGSN provides correlation number and target identity to the DF2P and DF3P which is used there in order to select the different LEAs where the product shall be delivered to. + +The correlation number is unique in the whole PLMN and is used to correlate IP with IRI and the different IRI's of one PDP context. + +The correlation number shall be generated by using existing parameters related to the PDP context. + +NOTE: If interception has been activated for both parties of the packet data communication both IP and IRI will be delivered for each party as separate intercept activity. + +In case of location dependent interception : + +- for each target, the location dependency check occurs at each packet data session establishment or release and at each cell and/or RA update to determine permanently the relevant IAs (and deduce, the possible LEAs within these IAs), +- concerning the IRI: + - when an IA is left, a GPRS detach event is sent when changing SGSNs or a cell and/or RA update event is sent when changing IAs inside the same SGSN to DF2P. + - when a new IA is entered a cell and/or RA update event is sent to DF2P and, optionally, a Start of Interception with Active PDP Context event for each PDP context +- concerning the IP, when crossing IAs, the IP is not sent anymore to the DF3P of the old IA but sent to the DF3P of the new IA. + +### B.3.1 Provision of Intercept Product - GPRS + +The access method for the delivering of GPRS Intercept Product is based on duplication of packets without modification at GSN The duplicated packets with additional information in the header are sent to DF3P for further delivery via a tunnel. + +![Figure B.12: Configuration for interception of GPRS product data](8d66c9c295023a1380f9986d3663bb1e_img.jpg) + +A block diagram showing the configuration for interception of GPRS product data. At the top, a box labeled 'GSN' has three connections: a horizontal line to the left pointing to a box labeled 'intercepted subscriber', a horizontal line to the right pointing to a box labeled 'other party', and a vertical line pointing down to a box labeled 'Delivery Function 3P'. A dashed rectangle is inside the 'GSN' box, with a line labeled 'Duplicator of packets' pointing to it from the right. Below 'Delivery Function 3P' is a box labeled 'LEA', connected by a dashed vertical line. + +Figure B.12: Configuration for interception of GPRS product data + +**Figure B.12: Configuration for interception of GPRS product data** + +#### B.3.1.1 X3p-interface + +The following information needs to be transferred from the GSN to the DF3P in order to allow the DF3P to perform its functionality: + +- the identity of the target; +- correlation number; +- the target location (if available) or the IAs in case of location dependent interception. + +Additional information may be provided as a national option. + +### B.3.2 Provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service + +Figure B.13 shows an SMS transfer from the SGSN to the LEA. Quasi-parallel to the delivery from / to the mobile subscriber a message, which contains the contents of the SMS, is generated and sent via the Delivery Function 2P to the LEA in the same way as the Intercept Related Information. + +The IRI will be delivered to the LEA: + +- for a SMS-MO, when the SMS-Centre receives the SMS; +- for a SMS-MT, when the MS receives the SMS. + +![Figure B.13: Provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service](3f09464f0a8ac9446981a53f9b78df2c_img.jpg) + +A block diagram showing the provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service. At the top, a box labeled 'SGSN' has three connections: a horizontal line to the left pointing to a box labeled 'intercepted subscriber', a horizontal line to the right pointing to a box labeled 'SMS service center', and a vertical line pointing down to a box labeled 'delivery function 2P'. Below 'delivery function 2P' is a box labeled 'LEA', connected by a dashed vertical line. + +Figure B.13: Provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service + +**Figure B.13: Provision of Intercept Product - Short Message Service** + +### B.3.3 Provision of Intercept Related Information + +Intercept Related Information (Events) are necessary at the GPRS Attach, GPRS Detach, PDP Context Activation, Start of intercept with PDP context active, PDP Context Deactivation, Cell and/or RA update, and SMS events. + +Figure B.14 shows the transfer of intercept related information to the DF2P. If an event for / from a mobile subscriber occurs, the GSN sends the relevant data to the DF2P. + +![Diagram illustrating the provision of intercept related information. A central GSN box is connected to an 'intercepted subscriber' box on the left and an 'other party' box on the right via double-headed arrows. Below the GSN box, a solid arrow points down to a 'Delivery Function 2P' box, which in turn points down via a dashed arrow to a 'LEA' box.](552328a9daaf3bc0069424b500025880_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + GSN[GSN] <--> IS[intercepted subscriber] + GSN <--> OP[other party] + GSN --> DF2P[Delivery Function 2P] + DF2P -.-> LEA[LEA] + +``` + +Diagram illustrating the provision of intercept related information. A central GSN box is connected to an 'intercepted subscriber' box on the left and an 'other party' box on the right via double-headed arrows. Below the GSN box, a solid arrow points down to a 'Delivery Function 2P' box, which in turn points down via a dashed arrow to a 'LEA' box. + +**Figure B.14: Provision of Intercept Related Information** + +#### B.3.3.1 X2p-interface + +The following information needs to be transferred from the GSN to the DF2P in order to allow a DF2P to perform its functionality: + +- identity of the target (MSISDN, IMSI, IMEI); +- events and associated parameters as defined in section B.3.3.2 and B.3.3.3 may be provided; +- the target location (if available) or the IAs in case of location dependent interception. + +#### B.3.3.2 Structure of the events + +There are seven different events in which the information is sent to the DF2P if this is required. Details are described in following section. The events for interception are configurable (if they are sent to DF2P) in the SGSN or GGSN and can be suppressed in the DF2P. + +**The following events are applicable to SGSN:** + +- GPRS attach; +- GPRS detach; +- PDP context activation; +- Start of intercept with PDP context active; +- PDP context deactivation; +- Cell and /or RA update; +- SMS. + +NOTE: GGSN interception is a national option + +The following events are applicable to GGSN: + +- PDP context activation ; +- PDP context deactivation ; +- Start of interception with PDP context active. + +A set of fields as shown below is used to generate the events. The events transmit the information from GSN to DF2P. This set of fields as shown below can be extended in the GSN, if this is necessary as a national option. DF2P can extend this information if this is necessary as a national option e.g. a unique number for each surveillance warrant. + +| | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| observed MSISDN | +| MSISDN of the target subscriber (monitored subscriber) | +| observed IMSI | +| IMSI of the target subscriber (monitored subscriber) | +| observed IMEI | +| IMEI of the target subscriber (monitored subscriber),it must be checked for each activation over the radio interface. | +| event type | +| Description which type of event is delivered: PDP attach, PDP detach, PDP context activation, Start of intercept with PDP context active, PDP context deactivation, SMS, Cell and/or RA update, | +| event date | +| Date of the event generation in the GSN | +| event time | +| Time of the event generation in the GSN | +| PDP address | +| The PDP address of the target subscriber. Note that this address might be dynamic. | +| Access Point Name | +| The APN of the access point. | +| Routing Area Code | +| The routing area code of the target defines the RA in a PLMN. | +| PDP Type | +| The used PDP type. | +| Correlation Number | +| The correlation number is used to correlate IP and IRI. | +| SMS | +| The SMS content with header which is sent with the SMS-service. The header also includes the SMS-Centre address. | +| CGI | +| Cell Global Identity | +| Failed attach reason | +| Reason for failed attach of the target subscriber. | +| Failed context activation reason | +| Reason for failed context activation of the target subscriber. | +| IA | +| The observed Interception Areas | + +#### B.3.3.3 GPRS related events + +##### B.3.3.3.1 GPRS attach + +For attach an attach-event is generated. When an attach activation is generated from the mobile to SGSN this event is generated. These fields will be delivered to the DF2P if available: + +| | +|----------------------| +| Observed MSISDN | +| Observed IMSI | +| Observed IMEI | +| Event Type | +| Event Time | +| Event Date | +| CGI | +| Routing area code | +| Failed attach reason | +| IAAs (if applicable) | + +##### B.3.3.3.2 GPRS detach + +For detach a detach-event is generated, this is for the common (end) detach. These fields will be delivered to the DF2P if available: + +| | +|----------------------| +| Observed MSISDN | +| Observed IMSI | +| Observed IMEI | +| Event Type | +| Event Time | +| Event Date | +| CGI | +| Routing Area code | +| IAAs (if applicable) | + +##### B.3.3.3.3 GPRS PDP context activation + +For PDP context activation a PDP context activation-event is generated. When a PDP context activation is generated from the mobile to GSN this event is generated. These fields will be delivered to the DF2P if available: + +| | +|----------------------------------| +| Observed MSISDN | +| Observed IMSI | +| Observed IMEI | +| PDP address of observed party | +| Event Type | +| Event Time | +| Event Date | +| Correlation number | +| Access Point Name | +| PDP Type | +| CGI | +| Routing area code | +| Failed context activation reason | +| IAAs (if applicable) | + +##### B.3.3.3.4 Start of interception with PDP context active + +This event will be generated if interception for a target is started and if the target has at least one PDP context active. If more than one PDP context are open for each of them an event record is generated. These fields will be delivered to the DF2P if available: + +| | +|-------------------------------| +| Observed MSISDN | +| Observed IMSI | +| Observed IMEI | +| PDP address of observed party | +| Event Type | +| Event Time | +| Event Date | +| Correlation number | +| Access Point Name | +| PDP Type | +| CGI | +| Routing area code | +| IAs (if applicable) | + +##### B.3.3.3.5 GPRS PDP context deactivation + +At PDP context deactivation a PDP context deactivation-event is generated. These fields will be delivered to the DF2P if available: + +| | +|-------------------------------| +| Observed MSISDN | +| Observed IMSI | +| Observed IMEI | +| PDP address of observed party | +| Event Type | +| Event Time | +| Event Date | +| Correlation number | +| Access point name | +| CGI | +| Routing area code | +| IAs (if applicable) | + +##### B.3.3.3.6 Cell and/or RA update + +For each cell and/or RA update an update-event with the fields about the new location is generated. These fields will be delivered to the DF2P if available: + +| | +|---------------------| +| Observed MSISDN | +| Observed IMSI | +| Observed IMEI | +| Event Type | +| Event Time | +| Event Date | +| CGI | +| Routing area code | +| IAs (if applicable) | + +##### B.3.3.3.7 SMS + +For MO-SMS the event is generated in the SGSN, when the SMS-Centre successfully receives the SMS; for MT-SMS the event is generated in the SGSN when the target receives the message. This fields will be delivered to the DF2P if available: + +| | +|---------------------| +| Observed MSISDN | +| Observed IMSI | +| Observed IMEI | +| Event Type | +| Event Time | +| Event Date | +| CGI | +| Routing area code | +| SMS | +| IAs (if applicable) | + +### B.3.4 Intercept cases for supplementary services + +Supplementary services may be used with GPRS. However they are not standardised and therefore Lawful Interception interwork cases can not be defined. + +## B.4 Security + +### B.4.1 Security + +The security requirements are valid for the whole Lawful Interception system, i.e. rules and procedures shall be used for all involved entities, GSN and the DF. + +#### B.4.1.1 Administration security + +The administration of the LI function, i.e. Activation, Deactivation and Interrogation of Lawful Interception, in the GSN and the DFs must be done secure as described below: + +- It shall be possible to configure the authorised user access to Activation, Deactivation and Interrogation of Lawful Interception separately for every physical or logical port at the GSN and DF. This configuration possibility shall be password protected. +- Normally only the ADMF is allowed to have access to the LI functionality in the GSN and DF. +- The communication link between ADMF, GSN, DF2P, and DF3P shall be secure and shall support security mechanisms, e.g.: + - CUG / VPN; + - COLP; + - authentication; + - encryption. +- No network entities or remote equipment shall be able to access or manipulate LI data in the GSN or the DF. + +#### B.4.1.2 IRI security + +##### B.4.1.2.1 Normal operation + +The transmission of the IRI shall be done in a secure manner. + +When DF2P is physically separate from the GSN, the X2p-interface shall support security mechanisms, e.g.: + +- CUG/VPN; + +- COLP; +- authentication; +- encryption. + +##### **B.4.1.2.2 Communication failure** + +Depending on the national law in case of communication failure IRI may be buffered in the GSN. After successful transmission of IRI the whole buffer must be deleted. It shall be possible to delete the content buffer via command or a timer, in an unrestoreable fashion. + +#### **B.4.1.3 IP security** + +The transmission of the IP shall be done in a secure manner. + +When DF3P is physically separate from the GSN, the X3p-interface shall support security mechanisms, e.g.: + +- CUG/VPN; +- COLP; +- authentication; +- encryption. + +In case of transmission failure no buffering will be done. + +#### **B.4.1.4 Security aspects of Lawful Interception billing** + +Billing information shall be available at the DFs and the ADMF. Billing information for Lawful Interception shall be separated from "regular" GPRS billing data. + +Billing data transmission to the Lawful Interception billing system shall be done in a secure manner. + +In case of transmission failure billing-data shall be buffered/stored in a secure way. After successful transmission billing data shall be deleted in an unrestoreable fashion. + +#### **B.4.1.5 Other security issues** + +##### **B.4.1.5.1 Log files** + +Log files shall be generated by the ADMF, DF2P, DF3P and the GSN. All log files are retrievable by the ADMF, and are maintained by the ADMF in a secure manner. + +##### **B.4.1.5.2 Data consistency** + +The administration function in the PLMN shall be capable to perform a periodic consistency check to ensure whether the target list of MSISDN, IMSI or IMEI is the same in all involved SGSNs in the PLMN and the DFs. The reference data base is the ADMF data base. + +## B.5 Information flows for Lawful Interception invocation (informative) + +The following figures show the information flows for the invocation of Lawful Interception for GPRS and typical scenarios. The figures show some of the basic signalling messages of the target packet data communication and the events on the X2P and X3P-interfaces. The dotted lines indicate signalling depending on whether IP and/or IRI information has been requested. GGSN may setup/release packet tunnels and send IRI information depending on national requirements. + +The use of the GGSN for interception is a national option. + +### B.5.1 GPRS attach + +Figure B.15 shows the interception of a basic GPRS attach where the mobile (A) is the target for interception. + +![Sequence diagram for GPRS attach interception](65d47e1d0e5982c00e9bd116b89e2b6a_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram illustrating the interception of a mobile originated GPRS attach. The diagram shows four lifelines: DF2P, DF3P, MS A, and SGSN. The sequence of messages is as follows: MS A sends an Attach Request to SGSN; SGSN responds with Signalling; MS A receives an Attach Accept from SGSN; finally, a dotted line indicates a GPRS Attach message being sent from MS A to DF2P. + +Sequence diagram for GPRS attach interception + +Figure B.15: Interception of mobile originated GPRS attachment + +### B.5.2 Mobile originated GPRS detach + +Figure B.16 shows the interception of a mobile originated GPRS detach where the originating mobile (A) is the target for interception. + +![Sequence diagram for GPRS detach interception](3252037b597c9317aced0feed4cb5af0_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram illustrating the interception of a mobile originated GPRS detach. The diagram shows four lifelines: DF2P, DF3P, MS A, and SGSN. The sequence of messages is as follows: MS A sends a Detach Request to SGSN; a shaded box labeled 'MS initiated PDP Context Deactivation' (with a note 'See B.5.8 when context is deactivated') spans across the DF3P lifeline; MS A receives a Detach Accept from SGSN; finally, a dotted line indicates a GPRS Detach message being sent from MS A to DF2P. + +Sequence diagram for GPRS detach interception + +Figure B.16: Interception of mobile originated GPRS detachment + +### B.5.3 Network initiated GPRS detach + +Figure B.17 shows the interception of a network initiated (by SGSN or HLR) GPRS detach where the mobile (A) is the target for interception. + +![Sequence diagram for network initiated GPRS detach showing interception points for DF2P and DF3P.](c419b566d720267c499087add1506018_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2P + participant DF3P + participant MS A + participant SGSN + participant HLR + participant MSC/VR + + Note right of HLR: Cancel Location* + HLR->>SGSN: Cancel Location + SGSN->>MS A: Detach Request + Note over DF2P, DF3P: Network initiated PDP Context Deactivation +See B.5.9 when context is deactivated + SGSN->>MSC/VR: GPRS Detach Indication + MS A->>SGSN: Detach accept + SGSN->>HLR: Cancel Location Ack* + Note left of DF2P: GPRS Detach + +``` + +Sequence diagram for network initiated GPRS detach showing interception points for DF2P and DF3P. + +Figure B.17: Interception of network initiated GPRS detach + +NOTE: \* Additional signals in case of HLR initiated + +### B.5.4 Intra SGSN Routing Area Update + +Figure B.18 shows the interception of an Intra Routing Area Update where the mobile (A) is the target for interception. The sequence is the same for the combined RA / LA Update procedure but additional signalling is performed between the SGSN and MSC/VR, HLR and the old MSC/VR before the Routing Area Update Accept message is sent to the MS. + +![Sequence diagram for Intra SGSN Routing Area Update showing interception points for DF2P and DF3P.](42c65f5cb106938992fc73c05c8713d2_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2P + participant DF3P + participant MS A + participant SGSN + + MS A->>SGSN: Routing Area Update Request + Note right of MS A: Security functions + SGSN->>MS A: Routing Area Update Accept + Note right of MS A: Cell and/or RA update + MS A->>SGSN: Routing Area Update complete + Note left of DF2P: + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Intra SGSN Routing Area Update showing interception points for DF2P and DF3P. + +Figure B.18: Interception of an Intra Routing Area Update + +### B.5.5 Inter SGSN Routing Area Update + +Figure B.19 shows the interception of an Inter Routing Area Update where the mobile (A) is the target for interception. The sequence is the same for the combined RA / LA Update procedure but additional signalling is performed between the SGSN and MSC/VLR, HLR and the old MSC/VLR before the Routing Area Update Accept message is sent to the MS. In case of PDP context not being active less signalling is required. + +![Sequence diagram of Inter SGSN Routing Area Update with interception](1033dc9fde75540d224c907681b1b7aa_img.jpg) + +A sequence diagram illustrating the interception of an Inter SGSN Routing Area Update. The lifelines are DF2P, DF3P, MS A, new SGSN, old SGSN, GGSN, and HLR. The sequence of messages is as follows: + +- MS A sends a **Routing Area Update Request** to new SGSN. +- new SGSN sends a **SGSN Context Request** to old SGSN. +- old SGSN sends a **SGSN Context Response** to new SGSN. +- new SGSN sends a **Security Functions** message to HLR. +- new SGSN sends a **SGSN Context Acknowledge** to old SGSN. +- new SGSN sends a **Release of GPRS packet tunnel** message to DF3P (dashed line). +- new SGSN sends **Additional Signalling** to GGSN and HLR. +- new SGSN sends a **Routing Area Update Accept** to MS A. +- new SGSN sends a **Routing Area Update Complete** to MS A. +- new SGSN sends a **Cell and/or RA Update** message to DF2P (dashed line). +- new SGSN sends a **Set-up of GPRS packet tunnel** message to DF3P (dashed line). + +Sequence diagram of Inter SGSN Routing Area Update with interception + +Figure B.19: Interception of an Inter Routing Area Update + +### B.5.6 PDP Context Activation + +Figure B.20 shows the interception of a PDP Context activation where the mobile (A) is the target for interception. The sequence for a network initiated PDP Context activation is analogous but is preceded by the SGSN sending a Request PDP Context Activation to the MS. + +![Sequence diagram of PDP Context Activation interception](28085f681b9fff76a53c5b8b32338ee1_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2P + participant DF3P + participant MS A + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + + MS A->>SGSN: Activate PDP Context Request + MS A->>SGSN: Security functions + SGSN->>GGSN: Create PDP Context Request + GGSN->>SGSN: Create PDP Context Response + Note over SGSN, GGSN: Setup of GPRS packet tunnel + Note over SGSN, GGSN: PDP Context Activation + SGSN-->>DF3P: Setup of GPRS packet tunnel (dashed line) + DF3P-->>DF2P: PDP Context Activation (dotted line) + SGSN->>MS A: Activate PDP Context Accept + Note over MS A, SGSN: Setup of GPRS packet tunnel + Note over MS A, SGSN: PDP Context Activation + SGSN-->>DF3P: Setup of GPRS packet tunnel (dashed line) + DF3P-->>DF2P: PDP Context Activation (dotted line) + +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the interception of a PDP Context activation. It involves five entities: DF2P, DF3P, MS A, SGSN, and GGSN. + 1. MS A sends an 'Activate PDP Context Request' to the SGSN. + 2. 'Security functions' are performed between MS A and SGSN. + 3. SGSN sends a 'Create PDP Context Request' to GGSN. + 4. GGSN returns a 'Create PDP Context Response' to SGSN. + 5. A 'Setup of GPRS packet tunnel' and 'PDP Context Activation' occur between SGSN and GGSN. + 6. Interception data is sent: a dashed line from the SGSN/GGSN interface to DF3P labeled 'Setup of GPRS packet tunnel', and a dotted line from DF3P to DF2P labeled 'PDP Context Activation'. + 7. SGSN sends an 'Activate PDP Context Accept' to MS A. + 8. A 'Setup of GPRS packet tunnel' and 'PDP Context Activation' occur between MS A and SGSN. + 9. Interception data is again sent: a dashed line from the MS A/SGSN interface to DF3P labeled 'Setup of GPRS packet tunnel', and a dotted line from DF3P to DF2P labeled 'PDP Context Activation'. + +Sequence diagram of PDP Context Activation interception + +Figure B.20: Interception of a PDP Context Activation + +### B.5.7 Start of interception with PDP context active + +A tunnel is established to DF3P and an event is sent to DF2P. + +### B.5.8 MS initiated PDP Context Deactivation + +Figure B.21 shows the interception of a MS initiated PDP Context deactivation where the mobile (A) is the target for interception. + +![Sequence diagram for MS initiated PDP Context Deactivation showing interception points at DF2P and DF3P.](848073118eebfdbfdb9a60e3923fe0b3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2P + participant DF3P + participant MS_A as MS A + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + + Note right of MS_A: Deactivate PDP Context Request + MS_A->>SGSN: Deactivate PDP Context Request + Note right of MS_A: Security functions + MS_A->>SGSN: Security functions + Note right of SGSN: Delete PDP Context Request + SGSN->>GGSN: Delete PDP Context Request + Note right of GGSN: Delete PDP Context Response + GGSN->>SGSN: Delete PDP Context Response + Note right of SGSN: Release of GPRS packet tunnel + SGSN-->>DF3P: Release of GPRS packet tunnel + Note right of DF3P: PDP Context Deactivation + DF3P-->>DF2P: PDP Context Deactivation + Note right of SGSN: Deactivate PDP Context Accept + SGSN->>MS_A: Deactivate PDP Context Accept + Note right of MS_A: Release of GPRS packet tunnel + MS_A-->>DF3P: Release of GPRS packet tunnel + Note right of DF3P: PDP Context Deactivation + DF3P-->>DF2P: PDP Context Deactivation + +``` + +Sequence diagram for MS initiated PDP Context Deactivation showing interception points at DF2P and DF3P. + +Figure B.21: Interception of a PDP Context Deactivation + +### B.5.9 Network initiated PDP Context Deactivation + +Figure B.22 shows the interception of a Network initiated PDP Context deactivation where the mobile (A) is the target for interception. The GGSN may send, (depending on national requirements) the PDP Context deactivation and release the GPRS packet tunnel after the Delete PDP Context Response has been sent or received, (signalling between the SGSN and the GGSN is not shown here). + +![Sequence diagram for Network initiated PDP Context Deactivation showing interception points at DF2P and DF3P.](b5987d63203a5fa601921039922ac520_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2P + participant DF3P + participant MS_A as MS A + participant GSN + + Note right of GSN: Deactivate PDP context Request + GSN->>MS_A: Deactivate PDP context Request + Note right of MS_A: Deactivate PDP Context Accept + MS_A->>GSN: Deactivate PDP Context Accept + Note right of GSN: Release of GPRS packet tunnel + GSN-->>DF3P: Release of GPRS packet tunnel + Note right of DF3P: PDP Context Deactivation + DF3P-->>DF2P: PDP Context Deactivation + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Network initiated PDP Context Deactivation showing interception points at DF2P and DF3P. + +Figure B.22: Interception of a Network initiated PDP Context Deactivation + +### B.5.10 SMS + +Figure B.23 and B.24 shows the interception of a Mobile-terminated SMS and a Mobile-originated SMS transfer where the mobile (A) is the target for interception. + +![Sequence diagram for interception of a Mobile-terminated SMS transfer. Lifelines: DF2P, DF3P, MS A, SGSN, SMS-GMSC. The sequence shows: 1. SMS-GMSC sends 'Forward Short Message' to SGSN. 2. SGSN sends 'Message Transfer' to MS A. 3. MS A sends 'SMS' to DF2P. 4. SGSN sends 'Forward Short Message Result' to SMS-GMSC.](65e8c0628536d6d4245e9ab46ba070c3_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2P + participant DF3P + participant MS A + participant SGSN + participant SMS-GMSC + Note right of SMS-GMSC: Forward Short Message + SMS-GMSC->>SGSN: Forward Short Message + Note right of SGSN: Message Transfer + SGSN->>MS A: Message Transfer + Note right of MS A: SMS + MS A->>DF2P: SMS + Note right of SGSN: Forward Short Message Result + SGSN->>SMS-GMSC: Forward Short Message Result +``` + +Sequence diagram for interception of a Mobile-terminated SMS transfer. Lifelines: DF2P, DF3P, MS A, SGSN, SMS-GMSC. The sequence shows: 1. SMS-GMSC sends 'Forward Short Message' to SGSN. 2. SGSN sends 'Message Transfer' to MS A. 3. MS A sends 'SMS' to DF2P. 4. SGSN sends 'Forward Short Message Result' to SMS-GMSC. + +Figure B.23: Interception of a Mobile-terminated SMS transfer + +![Sequence diagram for interception of a Mobile-originated SMS transfer. Lifelines: DF2P, DF3P, MS A, SGSN, SMS-IWMSC. The sequence shows: 1. MS A sends 'Message Transfer' to SGSN. 2. SGSN sends 'Forward Short Message' to SMS-IWMSC. 3. SMS-IWMSC sends 'Forward Short Message Result' to SGSN. 4. SGSN sends 'Delivery Report' to MS A. 5. MS A sends 'SMS' to DF2P.](68a5a1a1a761c652b4b4c56da7cf9914_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant DF2P + participant DF3P + participant MS A + participant SGSN + participant SMS-IWMSC + Note right of MS A: Message Transfer + MS A->>SGSN: Message Transfer + Note right of SGSN: Forward Short Message + SGSN->>SMS-IWMSC: Forward Short Message + Note right of SMS-IWMSC: Forward Short Message Result + SMS-IWMSC->>SGSN: Forward Short Message Result + Note right of SGSN: Delivery Report + SGSN->>MS A: Delivery Report + Note right of MS A: SMS + MS A->>DF2P: SMS +``` + +Sequence diagram for interception of a Mobile-originated SMS transfer. Lifelines: DF2P, DF3P, MS A, SGSN, SMS-IWMSC. The sequence shows: 1. MS A sends 'Message Transfer' to SGSN. 2. SGSN sends 'Forward Short Message' to SMS-IWMSC. 3. SMS-IWMSC sends 'Forward Short Message Result' to SGSN. 4. SGSN sends 'Delivery Report' to MS A. 5. MS A sends 'SMS' to DF2P. + +Figure B.24: Interception of a Mobile-originated SMS transfer + +# Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|-----|--------------------------------------------------------|------------------|-------------------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc | CR | Rev | Cat | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 04-2000 | - | - | - | - | - | Release 1999 version
(only circuit switched LI) | 7.1.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 12-2000 | SP-10 | SP-000623 | 003 | | A | Addition of parameters to the X3-Interface | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| 12-2000 | SP-10 | SP-000670 | 005 | 1 | A | Deletion of mono-mode and addition of optimal routeing | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| 03-2001 | SP-11 | - | - | - | - | Upgrade to Release 4 (and 3GPP numbering) | 03.33
v 8.1.0 | 43.033
v 4.0.0 | +| 06-2002 | SP-16 | - | - | - | - | Upgrade to Release 5 | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| 12-2004 | SP-26 | - | - | - | - | Upgrade to Release 6 | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | +| 06-2007 | SP-36 | - | - | - | - | Upgrade to Release 7 | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | +| 12-2008 | SP-42 | - | - | - | - | Upgrade to Release 8 | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 12-2009 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-9 version (MCC) | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | - | - | - | - | - | Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43045/00504fc688ebcf131ccbeff94dfc9939_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43045/00504fc688ebcf131ccbeff94dfc9939_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..69d1776dc37c71ff36ebebe4f93563570e68bb90 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43045/00504fc688ebcf131ccbeff94dfc9939_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version 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4.1 Information transfer protocol model ..... | 12 | +| 4.2 Interactions with T.30 ..... | 13 | +| 4.2.1 Link control strategy..... | 13 | +| 4.2.1.1 Message detection..... | 14 | +| 4.2.2 Speed conversion for BCS phases ..... | 14 | +| 4.2.3 Compatibility checking ..... | 15 | +| 4.2.3.1 Group 1 and Group 2 support ..... | 15 | +| 4.2.3.2 2 400 bit/s handshaking ..... | 15 | +| 4.2.3.3 Non-standard facilities..... | 15 | +| 4.2.3.4 12 000 and 7200 bit/s Facsimile Document Transfer..... | 15 | +| 4.2.3.5 Procedure interrupts ..... | 15 | +| 4.2.4 Speed checking..... | 15 | +| 4.3 Radio Channel Modification Procedures ..... | 16 | +| 4.3.1 In Call Modification (ICM) ..... | 16 | +| 4.3.2 Channel Mode Modify (CMM)..... | 17 | +| 5 Use of terminal adaptation functions ..... | 17 | +| 5.1 Standard TAFs for synchronous services..... | 18 | +| 5.2 Specific TAFs for facsimile service..... | 18 | +| 5.2.1 Working principle..... | 18 | +| 5.2.2 Basic protocol structure..... | 19 | +| 5.2.2.1 Frame formats ..... | 19 | +| 5.2.3 Protocol description..... | 20 | +| 5.2.3.1 IDLE state ..... | 20 | +| 5.2.3.2 BCS-REC state ..... | 20 | +| 5.2.3.3 BCS-TRA state ..... | 20 | +| 5.2.3.4 MSG-REC state ..... | 20 | +| 5.2.3.5 MSG-TRA state ..... | 21 | +| 5.2.4 DCS and TCF processing..... | 21 | +| 5.2.5 DCN (disconnect) frame..... | 22 | +| 5.2.6 Clocking ..... | 22 | +| 5.2.7 Timeouts..... | 22 | +| 5.3 Specific TAFs for facsimile service (T.30/A)..... | 22 | +| 5.3.1 Frame detection ..... | 23 | +| 5.3.2 Message phase ..... | 23 | +| 5.3.3 Additional CMM request..... | 23 | +| 6 Signalling aspects..... | 23 | +| 6.1 Handling of Tonal Signals..... | 23 | +| 6.2 Call establishment ..... | 24 | +| 6.2.1 Mobile Terminated Call - Speech then Fax..... | 24 | +| 6.2.2 Mobile Terminated Call - Auto answer..... | 24 | +| 6.2.3 Mobile Originated Call - Speech then Fax..... | 25 | +| 6.2.4 Mobile Originated Call - Auto calling..... | 25 | +| 6.2.5 Mobile Originated Call - Manual calling ..... | 25 | +| 6.3 Call release..... | 26 | + +7 Interworking to fixed networks..... 26 +7.1 Interworking to PSTN ..... 26 +7.2 Interworking to ISDN..... 27 +**Annex I (informative): Protocol entities from ITU-T T.30 and T.4..... 28** +**Annex II (informative): Procedure examples ..... 29** +Annex III (informative): Change history..... 42 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 0 Scope + +The present document deals with the procedures allowing the technical realization of the Group 3 facsimile Service within the A/Gb mode PLMN using transparent Network support, according to the definition of Teleservice 61 and 62 specified in the 3GPP TS 22.003 [2]. + +## 0.1 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document. + +- [1] Void. +- [2] 3GPP TS 22.003: " Teleservices supported by a GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)". +- [3] 3GPP TS 22.034: "High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD) - Stage1". +- [4] 3GPP TS 43.010: " GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) connection types". +- [5] 3GPP TS 23.034: " High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD) - Stage2. +- [6] 3GPP TS 04.02: " GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) access reference configuration". +- [7] 3GPP TS 04.08: " Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification". +- [8] 3GPP TS 44.021: " Rate adaption on the Mobile Station - Base Station System (MS - BSS) interface". +- [9] 3GPP TS 27.001: " General on Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for Mobile Stations (MS)". +- [10] 3GPP TS 27.003: " Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for services using synchronous bearer capabilities". +- [11] 3GPP TS 29.007: " General requirements on interworking between the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) and the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) or Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)". +- [12] ITU-T Recommendation T.35: "Procedure for the allocation of ITU-T members' codes". +- [13] ITU-T Recommendation F.160 Fascicle II.5: "General operational provision for the international public facsimile". +- [14] ITU-T Recommendation T.4 Fascicle VII.3: "Standardization of group 3 facsimile apparatus for document transmission". +- [15] ITU-T Recommendation T.30 Fascicle VII.3: "Procedures for document facsimile transmission in the general switched telephone network". +- [16] ITU-T Recommendation V.21 Fascicle VIII.1: "300 bits per second duplex modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network". +- [17] ITU-T Recommendation V.24 Fascicle VIII.1: "List of definitions for interchange circuits between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE)". +- [18] ITU-T Recommendation V.25bis Fascicle VIII.1: "Automatic calling and/or answering equipment on the general switched telephone network (GSTN) using the 100-series interchange circuits". + +- [19] ITU-T Recommendation V.27ter Fascicle VIII.1: "4 800/2 400 bits per second modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network". +- [20] ITU-T Recommendation V.29 Fascicle VIII.1: "9 600 bits per second modem standardized for use on point-to-point 4-wire leased telephone-type circuits". +- [21] ITU-T Recommendation V.33 Fascicle VIII.1: "14 400 bits per second modem standardized for use on point-to-point 4-wire leased telephone-type circuits". +- [22] ITU-T Recommendation X.300 Fascicle VIII.6: "General principles for interworking between public networks, and between public networks and other networks for the provision of data transmission services". +- [23] ITU-T Recommendation V.17: "A 2-wire modem for facsimile applications with rates up to 14 400 bit/s". +- [24] 3GPP TS 21.905: " Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications " + +## 0.2 Definitions and abbreviations + +In addition to those below, abbreviations used in the present document are listed in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|---------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| BCS | Binary Coded Signalling phase of Facsimile transmission as per ITU-T T.30 | +| CT105 | Interchange Circuit 105 as per ITU-T V.24 | +| CT106 | Interchange Circuit 106 as per ITU-T V.24 | +| CT107 | Interchange Circuit 107 as per ITU-T V.24 | +| CT108.2 | Interchange Circuit 108/2 as per ITU-T V.24 | +| CT109 | Interchange Circuit 109 as per ITU-T V.24 | +| CT114 | Interchange Circuit 114 as per ITU-T V.24 | +| CT115 | Interchange Circuit 115 as per ITU-T V.24 | +| FA/MT | The Fax Adaptor specifically located at MT side | +| FA/IWF | The Fax Adaptor specifically located at IWF side | +| MSG | Message phase of Facsimile transmission as per ITU-T T.30 | + +All protocol entities from ITU-T Facsimile Recommendations (T.4 and T.30) apply; in the present document they are referenced to in the same way as in the above ITU-T Recommendations (see also annex I to the present document). + +# 1 Service definition + +The fixed network Group 3 Facsimile service, as basically defined in ITU-T Recommendation F.160, is an international telematic service for ISO A4 document transmission between two facsimile stations. + +The service specification is comprised of two parts: the control protocol described in ITU-T Recommendation T.30, and the document transmission coding described in ITU-T Recommendation T.4. + +The facsimile Teleservice is intended to allow facsimile connections between group 3 apparatus using: + +- a PLMN as a stand alone facility, for mobile to mobile communication; +- a PLMN to gain access to fixed networks PSTN and ISDN, for mobile to/from land communication. + +For this Teleservice, the document coding is as ITU-T Recommendation T.4 with no modifications. The protocol used is ITU-T Recommendation T.30 modified within the PLMN as detailed in the present document. + +The interworking between different networks is based on ITU-T Recommendation X.300. + +The particular features of this Teleservice are: + +- it uses point-point communication; +- the information transfer capability is dual "Speech"/"Group 3 Facsimile" for Teleservice 61 and "Group 3 Facsimile" only for Teleservice 62; +- both mobile originated and terminated calls are supported; +- the information transfer mode is circuit, duplex, synchronous and symmetric; +- different end-to-end transfer rates are used within the same call to take advantage of the better radio path error rate; +- use of a standard synchronous terminal adaptation function (as per 3GPP TS 27.003) within the MS. + +# 2 Network architecture + +The network architecture applicable to this Teleservice is shown in figure 1/43.045, below. + +![Figure 1/43.045: Network architecture diagram showing a mobile network (PLMN) connected to a fixed network (PSTN/ISDN) via an IWF, with a mobile terminal (MT) and a fax machine (FAX) connected to the PLMN.](18f841ac4f2ef28f34a026f1bdc5af9a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the network architecture for mobile to fixed network interworking. On the left, a 'FAX' machine is connected to an 'MT' (Mobile Terminal). The 'MT' is connected to a 'BSS' (Base Station System), which is part of a 'PLMN' (Packet Switched Network). The 'BSS' is connected to an 'IWF' (Interworking Function). The 'IWF' is connected to a 'PSTN' (Packet Switched Network) and an 'ISDN' (Integrated Services Digital Network). The 'PSTN' and 'ISDN' are connected to a 'FAX' machine on the right. The 'PLMN', 'PSTN', and 'ISDN' are represented by ovals with arrows indicating data flow. + +Figure 1/43.045: Network architecture diagram showing a mobile network (PLMN) connected to a fixed network (PSTN/ISDN) via an IWF, with a mobile terminal (MT) and a fax machine (FAX) connected to the PLMN. + +Figure 1/43.045: Network architecture + +This shows the case of mobile to fixed network interworking. For mobile to mobile calls, there would effectively be a loop back within the PLMN, using two IWFs. + +# 3 Reference configuration at the mobile station + +The mobile reference configurations described in this clause are defined as per 3GPP TS 24.002. + +![Diagram showing five reference configurations for a mobile station, labeled 1 through 5. Each configuration shows a different arrangement of components connected to a central bus-like structure. Configuration 1 shows a basic setup with a terminal and a network interface. Configuration 2 adds a secondary terminal. Configuration 3 shows a different terminal arrangement. Configuration 4 and 5 show more complex setups with multiple interfaces and internal components, some of which are highlighted with dashed boxes.](367926125450c2bc3f4bdca9d59a62ba_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates five reference configurations for a mobile station, numbered 1 to 5. Each configuration is represented by a horizontal line (bus) with various components connected to it. Configuration 1 shows a terminal on the left and a network interface on the right. Configuration 2 adds another terminal between the first terminal and the network interface. Configuration 3 shows a different terminal arrangement. Configuration 4 and 5 show more complex setups with multiple interfaces and internal components, some of which are highlighted with dashed boxes. Above the diagram, there are two long arrows pointing in opposite directions, with the text '100 & 101' between them. + +Diagram showing five reference configurations for a mobile station, labeled 1 through 5. Each configuration shows a different arrangement of components connected to a central bus-like structure. Configuration 1 shows a basic setup with a terminal and a network interface. Configuration 2 adds a secondary terminal. Configuration 3 shows a different terminal arrangement. Configuration 4 and 5 show more complex setups with multiple interfaces and internal components, some of which are highlighted with dashed boxes. + +**Figure 2/43.045: Reference configurations** + +The Teleservice definition in 3GPP TS 22.003 regards the group 3 facsimile terminal as a 2-wire analogue terminated equipment. In order to connect this to the MT2 a separate "Fax Adaptor" device is necessary. + +This configuration, shown in figure 2a/43.045, has to be considered as the standard configuration, so that all the existing Group 3 facsimile apparatus can be connected to the PLMN. + +An alternative realization would be to combine a standard group 3 facsimile machine and the Fax Adaptor into a specially developed "PLMN facsimile machine", directly providing a digital output. Although such a device must appear to the MT2 as identical to the Fax Adaptor (i.e. with an identical interface and protocol), it would allow for a + +significantly smaller and simpler facsimile machine. This configuration is shown in figure 2d/43.045 and is regarded as a desirable alternative. + +In addition of course, it is always possible to realize an MT0, as per figure 2f/43.045, where both the facsimile and mobile termination functions are considered to be part of one integrated unit. + +The remaining configurations concern the use of an S interface and are considered as optional configurations. Their use is for further study. + +The particular terminal adaptation functions used are those detailed in 3GPP TS 27.003 and the interface to the MT2 used is synchronous V.24 with an option for support of V.25bis procedures for autocalling and autoanswering. + +## 3.1 Fax Adaptor functionality + +The Fax Adaptor block, figure 3/43.045, is intended to specifically complement the Group 3 facsimile apparatus in order to be able to communicate over a PLMN. + +![Figure 3/43.045: Fax Adaptor scheme. The diagram shows a rectangular block divided into two main sections by a vertical line. The left section is labeled 'COMPOSITE MODEM' at the top and 'TONE HANDLING' at the bottom, separated by a horizontal dotted line. The right section is labeled 'PROTOCOL MONITORING & CONTROL'. On the left side of the block, there is a terminal labeled '2W' with a slash through the line. On the right side, there is a terminal labeled 'R' with a slash through the line.](1eadbbe42cfcac5c0023577110aec5e3_img.jpg) + +Figure 3/43.045: Fax Adaptor scheme. The diagram shows a rectangular block divided into two main sections by a vertical line. The left section is labeled 'COMPOSITE MODEM' at the top and 'TONE HANDLING' at the bottom, separated by a horizontal dotted line. The right section is labeled 'PROTOCOL MONITORING & CONTROL'. On the left side of the block, there is a terminal labeled '2W' with a slash through the line. On the right side, there is a terminal labeled 'R' with a slash through the line. + +**Figure 3/43.045: Fax Adaptor scheme** + +Whether it has to be a function internal to the PLMN, or an external accessory associated with the Group 3 apparatus, is beyond the scope of the present document, and in any case, does not affect at all the working of the procedure as here described. + +It can be functionally partitioned in two sections: + +- an analogue section, dealing with: + - the modulation and demodulation processes according to ITU-T Recommendation V.21, V.27ter, V.29 and V.17 as explained in T.4 and T.30; + - handling of the signalling on the 2-wire path to the facsimile machine, including autocalling and autoanswer functions where necessary (see clause 6). +- a digital section, dealing with: + - monitoring and where necessary, manipulation of the T.30 protocol as detailed in the rest of the present document; + - overall control of the adaptor; + - connection over the synchronous V.24 interface to the MT as described in 3GPP TS 27.003; + - where necessary, autocalling and autoanswering functions according to V.25bis. + +In the following this specification will reference the Fax Adaptor functionality, considering the most general case where it operates as a full-featured (see figure 3/43.045) separate block (see figure 2a/43.045), as this reference configuration is implicitly or explicitly exhaustive of all service related technical aspects. + +## 3.2 PLMN Facsimile Machine functionality + +The special PLMN facsimile machine shown in the MS configuration of figure 2d/43.045 has a similar functionality to the digital part of the Fax Adaptor, but without any of the analogue portions. + +It appears over the V.24 interface as identical to the Fax Adaptor, i.e. the MT2 needs to have no knowledge of the particular configuration used. + +When necessary this reference configuration, will be explicitly referenced to in the following; otherwise all technical aspects relevant to the configuration implicitly apply. + +# 4 Connection types + +Table 1/43.045 shows the connection elements attributes applicable to this Teleservice (note), adapted from 3GPP TS 43.010. + +NOTE: Teleservice 61 includes both speech and data connection types, but Teleservice 62 only the data connection type. + +**Table 1/43.045: Elements of connection types** + +| Protocol type of Figure 6 of TS 3GPP TS 43.010 | Access to TAF of the Mobile Station | Radio interface connection element | Intermediate rate RA1 to RA2 | BS-MSC/IWF connection element | +|------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Model 6: Speech | - | Speech/GSM | - | ITU-T A-law | +| Model 5: Facsimile Group 3 | C/D/S UDI
- 14.4 kbit/s
- 9.6 kbit/s
- 4.8 kbit/s
- 2.4 kbit/s
(note) | C/D/S UDI
- 14.5 kbit/s
- 12.0 kbit/s
- 6.0 kbit/s
- 3.6 kbit/s | C/D/S UDI
- 16 kbit/s
- 16 kbit/s
- 8 kbit/s
- 8 kbit/s | C/D/S UDI
- 64 kbit/s
- 64 kbit/s
- 64 kbit/s
- 64 kbit/s | +| Model 5b Facsimile Group 3 | C/D/S UDI
- 14.4 kbit/s
- 9.6 kbit/s
- 4.8 kbit/s
- 2.4 kbit/s | C/D/S UDI
14,5 or 2X12 kbit/s
12 or 2X6 kbit/s
6 kbit/s
6 kbits | C/D/S UDI
16 or 2X16 kbit/s
16 or 2X8 kbits
8 kbit/s
8 kbit/s | C/D/S UDI
- 64 kbit/s
- 64 kbit/s
- 64 kbit/s
- 64 kbit/s | + +NOTE: The highest Access Rate actually supported in this teleservice will be consistent with the highest Access Rate of the Transparent Bearer Service provided by the Network Operator. + +C = Circuit switched S = Synchronous +D = Full-duplex UDI = Unrestricted Digital Information + +**Table 1a/43.045** + +| Fax modem rates | No. of substreams | Radio i/f rate | Intermediate Rate | Padding Scheme | +|-----------------|-------------------|----------------|-------------------|----------------| +| 14.4 kbit/s | 1 | 14,5 kbit/s | 16 kbit/s | | +| | 2 | 12 kbit/s | 16 kbit/s | | +| 12.0 kbit/s | 1 | 14,5 kbit/s | 16 kbit/s | FA(5D + S) | +| | 2 | 12 kbit/s | 16 kbit/s | FA(5D + S) | +| 9.6 kbit/s | 1 | 12 kbit/s | 16 kbit/s | | +| | 2 | 6 kbit/s | 8 kbit/s | | +| 7.2 kbit/s | 1 | 12 kbit/s | 16 kbit/s | FA(3D + S) | +| | 2 | 6 kbit/s | 8 kbit/s | FA(3D + S) | +| 4.8 kbit/s | 1 | 6 kbit/s | 8 kbit/s | | +| 2.4 kbit/s | 1 | 6 kbit/s | 8 kbit/s | | + +FA = Padding is performed in the FA + +(nD + mS) means that m SYNC frames will be added every n'th DATA frame + +The MS must support the combinations in table 1a/43.045, restricted to what has been negotiated between the MS and the network. + +All transitions from one combination in table 1a/43.045 to another combination in the same table, must be supported by the MS, as long as the fax modem rate is kept constant or the transition of fax modem rate is performed in steps of 2,4 kbit/s. + +The figure 4/43.045 shows the scheme of a typical PLMN connection for this Teleservice, considering respectively R and S access at Network Termination. + +To grant full support to the ITU-T Recommendation T.30, requiring different transmission speeds, the following strategy shall be implemented: + +- PLMN provides for four Access Rates only, that is 14 400 bits/s, 9600 bit/s, 4800 bit/s, 2400 bit/s; +- radio channel modification procedures are used for switching between Speech phase and facsimile phase, as well as to select the suitable Access Rate (14 400,9600/4800/2400 bit/s) within the facsimile phase, as resulting from the preliminary end-to-end negotiation between the terminals; +- to transport Binary Coded Signalling (BCS) requiring a synchronous 300 bit/s bit-rate, speed conversion will be used at both the PLMN ends. + +![Figure 4b/43.045: Optional Teleservice connection (F.F.S). The diagram shows two optional connection schemes. The top scheme shows a DTE (GR 3 Apparatus connected to a FAX Adaptor) connected to a DCE (MT2) via an R I/F (V.24). The MT2 is connected to a PLMN (MSC/IWF) which contains a FAX Adaptor. The FAX Adaptor is connected to another GR 3 Apparatus via a 2w interface. A 3.1 kHz audio signal is shown entering the PLMN from the right. The bottom scheme shows a DTE (GR 3 Apparatus connected to a FAX Adaptor and TA) connected to a DCE (MT1) via an S I/F. The MT1 is connected to a PLMN (MSC/IWF) which contains a FAX Adaptor. The FAX Adaptor is connected to another GR 3 Apparatus via a 2w interface. A 3.1 kHz audio signal is shown entering the PLMN from the right.](853f59c89931a666c07903b31d098277_img.jpg) + +Figure 4b/43.045: Optional Teleservice connection (F.F.S). The diagram shows two optional connection schemes. The top scheme shows a DTE (GR 3 Apparatus connected to a FAX Adaptor) connected to a DCE (MT2) via an R I/F (V.24). The MT2 is connected to a PLMN (MSC/IWF) which contains a FAX Adaptor. The FAX Adaptor is connected to another GR 3 Apparatus via a 2w interface. A 3.1 kHz audio signal is shown entering the PLMN from the right. The bottom scheme shows a DTE (GR 3 Apparatus connected to a FAX Adaptor and TA) connected to a DCE (MT1) via an S I/F. The MT1 is connected to a PLMN (MSC/IWF) which contains a FAX Adaptor. The FAX Adaptor is connected to another GR 3 Apparatus via a 2w interface. A 3.1 kHz audio signal is shown entering the PLMN from the right. + +Figure 4b/43.045: Optional Teleservice connection (F.F.S) + +## 4.1 Information transfer protocol model + +The Figure 5/43.045 depicts the conceptual protocol model for this Teleservice, deduced from model 5 and 5b of Figure 6/43.010. + +The main point to be underlined is that all the protocol modules specific for this Teleservice are confined in the Fax Adaptation functions at both the MT and IWF ends. Note that model 5b of figure 6/43.010 details the placing of the splitting and combiner function for multislot configurations. + +![Figure 5/43.045: Information transfer protocol model. The diagram illustrates the flow of data through various network components. At the top, three horizontal double-headed arrows represent different network segments: 'Data Station' (left), 'Base Station' (middle), and 'NS/LLF' (right). Below these, vertical lines and horizontal segments represent the interfaces and internal components of the system, including 'Fax Adaptation' (FA) units at the ends. The bottom section shows a series of blocks and arrows representing the data path through the network, with labels like 'T.30' and 'BCS' indicating specific protocol elements.](cab0834804fb031b43865554cc8d06ab_img.jpg) + +Figure 5/43.045: Information transfer protocol model. The diagram illustrates the flow of data through various network components. At the top, three horizontal double-headed arrows represent different network segments: 'Data Station' (left), 'Base Station' (middle), and 'NS/LLF' (right). Below these, vertical lines and horizontal segments represent the interfaces and internal components of the system, including 'Fax Adaptation' (FA) units at the ends. The bottom section shows a series of blocks and arrows representing the data path through the network, with labels like 'T.30' and 'BCS' indicating specific protocol elements. + +Figure 5/43.045: Information transfer protocol model + +## 4.2 Interactions with T.30 + +The philosophy of this specification is to allow the T.30 protocol to pass transparently wherever possible, through the Fax Adaptors at both ends of the PLMN channel. Manipulations are only made to the protocol where necessary to overcome problems resulting from the differences between the PSTN and the PLMN system. Basically, these problems fall into four categories: + +- supporting facsimile on a digital connection type; +- bit errors during transfer of BCS frames; +- the need to change speed to reduce the impact of bit errors during transfer of Fax encoded Messages; +- inability to support some features of T.30. + +### 4.2.1 Link control strategy + +Though the T.30 procedure is plain half-duplex, between the FAs at both the PLMN ends a full-duplex mode connection will be established. Information transfer is structured in fixed length blocks, carrying either data received from the local modem, or idle synchronization patterns. + +Establishment, maintenance and release of the data circuit is performed autonomously by each FA, by properly handling the physical interface to its local modem. + +Due to the rigid timeout constraints in T.30 protocol procedure, which will be actually concatenated to the procedure defined here for the PLMN connection part, a strictly forwardonly approach is adopted for data link control; that is no retransmission means are explicitly introduced to recover corrupted information blocks. + +Although in the majority of cases the T.30 protocol can take care of lost frames and easily recover, there are some particularly critical points where two consecutive segments in the procedure, without any interposed acknowledgement, require different transmission speeds (BCS speed/Message speed). + +In these cases, to grant that a correct change-over from one modem type to another takes place at both the PLMN ends, some additional protection is necessary in the PLMN environment. This protection, actually at the beginning and at the end of the Fax page transmission, is given by means of a confirmation mechanism, whereby the originating FA waits while transmitting a fixed pattern until an explicit acknowledgement is received from the terminating FA. In these cases an interruption of the normal T.30 information flow may eventually result. + +Aiming at minimizing any possible delay in the end-to-end transmission between the two facsimile apparatuses, the FAs will pass on information without error control of the message integrity (note). To this regard, however, it is worth underlining that an essential requirement in this procedure is the detection of some key messages exchanged between the terminals, carrying basic control information. Hence, in parallel to the primary information passing process, a continuous monitoring of the information flowing across the FA is necessary, to detect these messages, fully checked in their logical integrity. + +NOTE: All V.21 modems in the FAs shall use the faster response time provided by ITU-T Rec. V.21 (see table 2/V.21) for OFF to ON transition of CT109 and CT106. + +In addition, as detailed below, some fields in some frames may need to be changed. + +#### 4.2.1.1 Message detection + +While in BCS, the following frames have to be detected: + +- DIS/DTC, to monitor all operational parameters proposed to the sender terminal by the receiver terminal; +- DCS, to realize (see table 2/T.30) the actual message transmission speed accepted by the sender terminal and the relevant message transfer direction; +- NSF, to inhibit Non-Standard Facilities, if explicitly required by the user Fax Adaptor configuration; +- DCN, to initiate the Call release procedure. + +During the Message phase (C phase of T.30) a single bit pattern has to be detected, the EOL character, a unique codeword that can never be found within a valid line of Fax coded Data (see ITU-T Recommendation T.4, subclause 4.1.2), and therefore used to control the buffer level in each FA, as detailed in the following subclause 5.2.6. + +### 4.2.2 Speed conversion for BCS phases + +Given the signalling load caused by the Channel Mode Modify procedure, rather than changing the radio channel speed to 300 bit/s to carry the BCS frames, a speed conversion mechanism is exploited at both the PLMN ends, allowing to maintain the Channel rate of the Message phase (14 400/9600/4800/2400 bit/s) during BCS phases. + +A speed conversion factor can be defined as: + +--- + +Fax Message speed (14 400 or 9600 or 4800 or 2400 bit/s) + +--- + +Standard BCS speed (300 bit/s) + +which will assume the value 8 or 16 or 32 or 48, depending on the actual Message speed negotiated between the terminals. + +On the basis of the above speed conversion factor, in the originating FA up-conversion to Message speed will be performed according to the repetition algorithm specified in subclause 5.2.3.2. + +In the terminating FA, down-conversion to the BCS speed will require a decimation algorithm (see subclause 5.2.3.3); this algorithm is assumed implementation dependent, and hence its actual definition is beyond the scope of the present document. + +As the actual Access Rate over the GSM-TCH may change throughout the Call, speed conversion factor needs to be updated in both FAs. + +The FA/IWF will update this value upon successful completion of a CMM procedure (see subclause 4.3.2). + +The FA/MT which does not have direct access to the PLMN signalling channel (except for MT0 configuration), shall estimate the actual Access Rate established over the GSM-TCH from the effective Access Rate of the MT data interface (or any other means in case of MT0); this check shall be performed whenever a BCS frame is sent towards the Radio path after which a change for GSM-TCH Access Rate may be expected (e.g., DIS and DCS frames for Normal Fax mode, PPR and CTC frames for Error Correction Mode). + +### 4.2.3 Compatibility checking + +Some features of T.30 cannot be supported in the PLMN environment. Fax Adaptation function is in charge of dealing with such compatibility checking. + +#### 4.2.3.1 Group 1 and Group 2 support + +Group 1 and Group 2 equipments are not supported by the Teleservice as described in the present document. + +To this purpose, any tonal signalling specific to the above kind of Fax apparatus will be ignored by the Fax adaptation function at MS and IWF. + +#### 4.2.3.2 2 400 bit/s handshaking + +Only standard 300 bit/s Binary Coded Signalling is supported. To this purpose the FA will ignore this capability within the B segment of T.30 procedure, looking for DIS frame, by default, from V.21 modem only. + +#### 4.2.3.3 Non-standard facilities + +Non-standard facilities are supported in so far they are not in conflict with the standard procedure described in the present document. All the relevant BCS frames are passed end-to-end, unless an explicit deletion is required by the user (e.g. by a specific input at the Fax Adaptor associated with the MS). In this case, upon detection (see subclause 4.2.1.1) of the NSF frame identifier (the Facsimile Control Field octet according to T.30 terminology), the whole HDLC frame shall be stripped and replaced by a PLMN specific NSF frame, containing a Country Code and a unique identification of the FA manufacturer, encoded as per ITU-T T.35 and according to national regulations; the Information field of this NSF frame shall have a maximum length of 6 octets, and shall not require any specific functionality in the PLMN. + +#### 4.2.3.4 12 000 and 7200 bit/s Facsimile Document Transfer + +End-to-end transfer of T.4 information at 12 000 and 7 200 bit/s can be supported, even if this Bearer Service is not provided by a PLMN. + +To this purpose a 14 400 bit/s or 9 600 bit/s Access Rate shall be used in the PLMN, by exploiting only part of the available bandwidth. The originating FA will add padding information to data received from the MSG modem, before transmission over the GSM-TCH; the terminating FA will remove the same information to restore the net 12 000 or 7 200 bit/s continuous data stream to be transmitted over its local MSG modem. + +The relevant procedures are fully described in sections 5.2.3.4 and 5.2.3.5. + +#### 4.2.3.5 Procedure interrupts + +Procedure interrupts are only possible in Teleservice 61; in case of Teleservice 62 any attempt to invoke procedure interrupts by MMI on the MT (see subclause 4.3.1 below) will be ineffective. + +### 4.2.4 Speed checking + +Upon receiving DIS/DTC frame, the FA/IWF shall perform a basic speed checking procedure, aiming at verifying compatibility between the bit-rate possibilities offered by the called Fax apparatus (bit fields 11, 12, 13, 14 in the IF) and the actual Access Rates allowed on the PLMN (2 400/4 800/9 600/14400 bit/s); in addition, some of these bit rates may result inhibited during the call, if a speed lower than 9 600 bit/s has been chosen by the user in the call set up message (for example if a better error rate is required). + +The following cases may occur: + +- some of the bit-rates indicated in DIS/DTC are not allowed on GSM-TCH (e.g. the max speed indicated in setup is 9 600 bit/s, while DIS/DTC requests V.33); a possible strategy to cater for this case is altering the indication in DIS/DTC to a compatible value (e.g. V.29) by forcing appropriately the relevant bits (note); other strategies are possible and allowed, as long as the same goal of supporting the progress of the call is pursued, by constraining the Fax apparatuses to use as message speeds the access rates actually available in the PLMN. + +NOTE: Is beyond the scope of this specification to specify the implementation strategy adopted to recalculate the frame CRC after the manipulation; additional delays, if any, shall not have a significant impact on T.30 operability. + +- the full set of bit-rates indicated in DIS/DTC are not compatible with the allowed Access Rates on GSM-TCH (e.g. the max speed indicated in setup is 2 400 bit/s while DIS/DTC requests V.29 only); in this case the call shall be failed; +- the full set of bit-rates indicated in DIS/DTC are compatible with the allowed Access Rates on GSM-TCH; in this case no action shall be taken, independently of the access rate actually established. + +It should be noted that the "14400 bit/s" as max speed indication in the SETUP message, does not preclude the establishment of a Call towards a Fax GR 3 equipment supporting only 9600, 4 800 and 2 400 bit/s as Message speed. As a matter of fact, due to the multiplexing mechanism for BCS phases the initial Access Rate (14 400 bit/s) will affect only the connection part between the called MS and the associated IWF, whilst the appropriate Message speed will be actually negotiated during the initial BCS phase, and settled upon reading the appropriate field in DCS frame (see subclause 4.2.1.1). Therefore, if a request for MSG transmission is received, without a valid DCS frame being detected in advance (hence the message speed is undefined), the FA/IWF shall release the call immediately. + +## 4.3 Radio Channel Modification Procedures + +There are two reasons why the characteristics of the radio channel may need to be changed during a call. + +Firstly, for the swap from speech to data and vice versa. In this case the In Call Modification procedure as detailed in 3GPP TS 24.008 is carried out. + +Secondly, if a T.30 speed drop back is requested, a channel mode modify procedure as detailed in 3GPP TS 24.008 is initiated to match the radio channel rate to the facsimile transmission speed to optimize the error rate. + +### 4.3.1 In Call Modification (ICM) + +Applies only for Teleservice 61. + +The speech to facsimile change is initiated by MMI at the MS as in other data services starting the ICM procedure via MODIFY signalling. CT108.2 ON condition towards MT is a basic requirement to allow speech/data transition take place. + +Additionally, the data call direction (DCD) must be known to both the FA's because of a correct tone handling. The DCD identifies the call direction from the calling to the called station according to ITU-T T.30 phase "A" tonal signals. + +The DCD is derived from the evaluation of the behaviour of the mobile Fax machine. No later than 3 sec after connecting the Fax apparatus to the line the FA/MT is able to determine the DCD. If a CNG tone or nothing is detected by the FA/MT the mobile Fax station is the calling station, if a CED tone or a BCS signal is detected by the FA/MT the mobile Fax station is the called station. The FA/MT indicates this towards the MT by means of CT105: CT105 OFF condition indicates "mobile terminated", CT105 ON condition indicates "mobile originated". The detection of CT105 condition and subsequent triggering of the MODIFY message has to be done 3 sec after reception of the ON condition of CT108.2. + +A reverse DCD compared with the initial call setup direction is indicated to the FA/IWF by means of the "Reverse Call Setup Direction" (RCSD) information element within the MODIFY message. If the MODIFY message had contained this information element, the same information element shall be included in the MODIFY COMPLETE message (ACK). On the basis of RCSD and additional information about the initial call setup direction (e.g. Transaction Identifier flag as per 3GPP TS 24.007), the FA/IWF shall resolve the actual DCD. + +At DCD condition "mobile originated" the FA/IWF has to transmit CNG if neither CED nor a BCS signal has been already received, otherwise nothing. At the DCD condition "mobile terminated" the FA/IWF has to transmit CED. At the moment when the CT107 goes to ON condition the FA/MT has to generate CED if CT105 was in ON condition, otherwise nothing (see subclauses 6.2.1 and 6.2.3). + +Selection of the speech phase from the data phase (T.30 Procedure Interrupt request) may be initiated by the mobile Fax machine as well as by the fixed network fax machine (refer to the diagrams in figure II.-10/43.045 and II.-11/43.045). Upon receipt of the "alert operator" tone request will be accepted by manual intervention via MT (phone off-hook), and is reflected to the Fax Adapter (PLMN Facsimile machine) by CT106 and CT109 going in OFF condition. + +Upon monitoring the transit of the necessary sequence of BCS signals specific for PRI the CT108.2 goes to OFF condition causing ICM from the Fax data phase to the speech phase. In case of Procedure Interrupt request from the fixed network side (figure II.-10/43.045), a guard timer in the MS is necessary to protect against the possible loss of the + +response to the PRI-Q(PIN/PIP) sent from the MS. After the execution of ICM CT107 is set to OFF condition finishing the Fax data phase. + +Subsequent re-selection of the data phase will be by manual intervention via the MS causing CT108.2 going to ON condition initiating ICM. + +During the speech phase of a procedure interrupt, the "phone off-hook" condition of the MT is reported via the Fax Adaptor "R" interface (CT106/109 in OFF condition) to the fax apparatus which must remain functionally connected to the Fax Adaptor to maintain the connection. + +The precise operation of the Fax Adaptor for the support of procedure interrupt is implementation dependent. + +### 4.3.2 Channel Mode Modify (CMM) + +The channel mode modification procedure is only initiated by the FA/IWF. Its purpose is to adjust the radio channel bit rate to match the message speed negotiated end-to-end between the facsimile machines. + +The FA/IWF enters the CMM routine upon detecting the DCS frame sent either from the MS or from the PSTN. + +In the first case, FA/IWF being actually the receiving side in the facsimile document transmission, the CMM procedure is executed as soon as the end of frame is detected. + +That is, FA/IWF monitors the DCS frame and, if the requested rate differs from the existing radio channel rate, then in sequence: + +- issues a CMM request to the new rate towards the PLMN signalling; +- waits for the acknowledgement of CMM completed (note); + +NOTE: Information sent/received to/from the GSM-TCH while waiting for CMM completed is considered irrelevant, and left implementation dependent in the context of this Recommendation. + +- returns back to the usual information passing process. + +In the second case, FA/IWF being actually the transmitting side in the facsimile document transmission, the CMM procedure is executed after a suitable delay assumed as the time for transferring the DCS frame across the Radio channel. + +That is, FA/IWF monitors the DCS frame and, if the requested rate differs from the existing radio channel rate, then in sequence: + +- waits for a fixed time of 150 m/sec.; +- issues a CMM request to the new rate towards the PLMN signalling; +- waits for the acknowledgement of CMM completed; +- returns back to the usual information passing process. + +If the CMM procedure fails, the IWF will initiate the release of the call. However, in calls restricted to one channel and radio interface rate not higher than 12 kbit/s, this does not necessarily apply. + +As it will be seen below (see subclause 5.2.4), in both cases the execution of the CMM procedure has to be seen like an exception within the usual information passing process, even overlapping it to maintain the overall end-to-end fixed delay. + +# --- 5 Use of terminal adaptation functions + +According to the Connection types (figure 4/43.045) there are two classes of TAFs to be considered. + +## 5.1 Standard TAFs for synchronous services + +Are those described in 3GPP TS 27.003 for synchronous bearer capabilities in the transparent mode. The Rate Adaption functions shall comply with the 3GPP TS 44.021. + +The interchange circuit signalling mapping is in accordance with the 3GPP TS 27.003. + +## 5.2 Specific TAFs for facsimile service + +Integral part of an end-to-end connection for this Teleservice is the Fax Adaptation function, located at both the PLMN ends and in charge of adapting the T.30 protocol procedure to the PLMN environment, as described in clause 4 of the present document. + +The main features relevant to the adaptation function are detailed in the following. For a better clarification, the Finite State Machine approach will be adopted in the following description of FA functionality, considering it as a set of states defined by specific interactions with both the PLMN digital channel and the analogue channel. + +### 5.2.1 Working principle + +The working principle of the proposed solution is depicted in figure 6/43.045. + +![Figure 6/43.045: Fax Adaptor working principle. The diagram shows two FAX Apparatus units connected via FAX Adaptors to a central GSM-TCH (MSG speed) channel. Each FAX Adaptor contains a BCS modem, a MSG modem, and a Mux/Demux. The BCS modem is connected to the FAX Apparatus and the Mux/Demux. The MSG modem is also connected to the FAX Apparatus and the Mux/Demux. The Mux/Demux is connected to the GSM-TCH channel. The GSM-TCH channel is connected to an MT (Mobile Terminal) and a BSS (Base Station Subsystem). The MT is connected to an MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function). The MSC/IWF is connected to a PSTN (Packet Switched Network) and then to the second FAX Apparatus. Arrows indicate the flow of data from the FAX Apparatus through the FAX Adaptor to the GSM-TCH channel and back.](3fa8bfee86764e3c3a1a6fbbe61bbd52_img.jpg) + +Figure 6/43.045: Fax Adaptor working principle. The diagram shows two FAX Apparatus units connected via FAX Adaptors to a central GSM-TCH (MSG speed) channel. Each FAX Adaptor contains a BCS modem, a MSG modem, and a Mux/Demux. The BCS modem is connected to the FAX Apparatus and the Mux/Demux. The MSG modem is also connected to the FAX Apparatus and the Mux/Demux. The Mux/Demux is connected to the GSM-TCH channel. The GSM-TCH channel is connected to an MT (Mobile Terminal) and a BSS (Base Station Subsystem). The MT is connected to an MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function). The MSC/IWF is connected to a PSTN (Packet Switched Network) and then to the second FAX Apparatus. Arrows indicate the flow of data from the FAX Apparatus through the FAX Adaptor to the GSM-TCH channel and back. + +**Figure 6/43.045: Fax Adaptor working principle** + +The Fax Adaptor is split in its main functional blocks: + +- a BCS (300 bit/s) modem capability (half duplex); +- a MSG (14400/12000/9600/7200/4800/2400 bit/s) modem capability (half duplex); +- Mux/Demux capability, to connect the PLMN traffic channel (full duplex) to either of these modems. + +Looking at the overall Facsimile service architecture in PLMN (figure 5/43.045), half-duplex transmission is initiated in either side of the connection by the actual request on the physical interface (CT109 ON on the local modem), is then continued on the PLMN traffic channel (TCH), and finally terminated on the appropriate modem at the remote side. + +On the basis of the above assumptions, considering the Fax Adaptor a finite state machine, the whole Adaptation process can be described by a set of 5 states: + +- IDLE state, when the FA is just connected to the GSM-TCH, sending synchronizing patterns over the radio path; +- BCS-REC state, when the FA is receiving data from the V.21 modem (BCS phases); +- BCS-TRA state, when the FA is transmitting data over the V.21 modem (BCS phases); +- MSG-REC state, when the FA is receiving data from the MSG modem (2400/4800/7200/9600/12000/14400 bit/s); +- MSG-TRA state, when the FA is transmitting data over the MSG modem. + +### 5.2.2 Basic protocol structure + +The protocol structure is based on a strictly synchronous approach, using 64 bit fixed length frames; that is each FA actually sends/receives information as 64 bit frames, in sequence and without interruption, during the whole duration of a call; the content of each frame depends on the specific state currently implemented. + +The following set of frame types encompasses the full range of capabilities required: + +- SYNC frame, explicitly designed to allow synchronization at the remote end, even in the adverse transmission environment like the cellular radio channel; it is a unique frame, used even as idle frame whenever there is no information to be sent over the radio path; +- STATUS frame, intended to carry both state identification codes, along with state specific information; this frame has a unique structured format to allow synchronization checking at remote side; the actual information content is related to the specific state; +- DATA frame which is fully unstructured, and carries Fax coded information during MSG phases. + +#### 5.2.2.1 Frame formats + +To reduce complexity of finding synchronization over a 64 bit pattern, SYNC frames are obtained by concatenating two 32 bit sync codewords, the second one being the 1's complement notation of the first one. + +The following codes shall be used for sync codewords: + +MSB + +hex code 3E375096: first sync codeword + +hex code C1C8AF69: second sync codeword + +To improve the probability of detecting synchronization, up to 3 errors are tolerated in each single sync codeword; even in this condition, the false sync probability is quite negligible. + +![Figure 7/43.045: STATUS frame format diagram. The diagram shows four identical 16-bit nibble patterns at the top, each consisting of two 4-bit nibbles (N and O). Below these is a horizontal bar representing a 64-bit byte stream, divided into 8 equal segments. At the bottom, the letters 'M S B' are shown, indicating the Most Significant Bit position.](f388cbdae6f0ef3aeb96fdf9984d1284_img.jpg) + +Figure 7/43.045: STATUS frame format diagram. The diagram shows four identical 16-bit nibble patterns at the top, each consisting of two 4-bit nibbles (N and O). Below these is a horizontal bar representing a 64-bit byte stream, divided into 8 equal segments. At the bottom, the letters 'M S B' are shown, indicating the Most Significant Bit position. + +Figure 7/43.045: STATUS frame format + +STATUS frames have an internal 8 bit modularity (see figure 7/43.045), where odd octets contain state identification codes (IDENT), and even octets contain status specific information (INFO). IDENT octets are split in two (four bit) fields, each one repeating the same code for status identification: + +hex code 1: BCS-REC state + +hex code 3: MSG-REC state + +hex code 4: MSG-TRA state + +To improve the probability of detecting the correct state, up to 3 corrupted codes are tolerated in the total 8 instances repeated within a single STATUS frame. INFO octets contain the same code repeated 4 times within one frame; in particular: + +- for BCS-REC state this octet contains 8 bits received from the BCS modem; +- in all other states an idle code (hex code 0F) is inserted. + +DATA frames are 64 bit fully unstructured information blocks; the last DATA frame in a Message phase will be truncated to the actual length of the bit stream to be transmitted. + +A general rule concerning all the above frames is that most significant bits are transmitted first; in addition, a basic First-In First-Out functionality will be implemented in the information passing process. + +### 5.2.3 Protocol description + +The above defined Finite State Machine model will be used to fully describe the protocol procedure. + +#### 5.2.3.1 IDLE state + +In each FA this state implies a continuous transmission of SYNC frames towards the radio path, to allow frame synchronization at the remote end. This state is entered into immediately after the end of the synchronization process over GSM-TCH, and will be returned to whenever loss of synchronization is assumed. + +#### 5.2.3.2 BCS-REC state + +The basic function of FA in this state is transferring BCS information from local modem to GSM-TCH. + +Transition to this state is triggered by CT109 ON condition of V.21 modem. Towards the radio path continuous transmission of STATUS frames is performed, according to the format described in the above subclause 5.2.2.1, as soon as 8 bits at least are available from the modem; information received from GSM-TCH is ignored while CT109 (local modem) is in the ON condition. + +Every 8 bits received from the V.21 modem, the appropriate number of STATUS frames (1 or 2 or 4 or 6 depending on the current TCH access rate) will be originated. + +Following CT109 (local modem) OFF condition, padding bits (e.g. 1s) will be inserted to assemble the last octet. + +Monitoring the content of certain BCS frames is required; the DCS frame requires a specific procedure, detailed in the following subclause 5.2.4 in the present document. + +#### 5.2.3.3 BCS-TRA state + +The basic function of FA in this state is transferring BCS information from GSM-TCH to its local V.21 modem. + +Transition to this state is triggered by reception of BCS-REC code from TCH. Towards the radio path continuous transmission of SYNC frames is performed, according to the format described in the above subclause 5.2.2.1. + +The information received from GSM-TCH, after proper decimation (likely a voting algorithm, implementation dependent), is passed to the V.21 modem. Upon detecting again a SYNC frame, the modem is turned OFF and a transition to the IDLE state is performed. + +Monitoring the content of certain BCS frames is required; the DCS frame requires a specific procedure, detailed in the following subclause 5.2.4 in the present document. + +In addition a supervising function is required to check maintenance of synchronization, by examining the inherently structured STATUS frame format. Loss of synchronization will be assumed in case of reception of unstructured STATUS frames, that is, when the repetition mechanism for both the IDENT and the INFO octets does not allow unambiguous result to the voting algorithm. In this case an estimate of the INFO octet value in the received STATUS frames is anyway passed on to the V.21 modem, up to a maximum BCS-TRA duration of 2.5 sec.; at this point, if the correct synchronization has not been recovered yet, the modem is turned OFF and a transition to the IDLE state is performed. + +In case of loss of V.110 synchronization on the PLMN side, the FA shall transmit 0s towards the analogue interface, as long as no data is available. + +#### 5.2.3.4 MSG-REC state + +The basic function of FA in this state is transferring MSG information from its local modem to GSM-TCH. + +Transition to this state is triggered by the MSG modem being trained. Towards the radio path continuous transmission of STATUS frames interleaved with SYNC frames is performed. Actual transfer of Fax coded data over the radio path can be initiated only after the specific acknowledgement is received from the remote side, that is reception of MSG-TRA indication in a STATUS frame, signifying the correct state transition. All data received from the MSG modem will be stored in the FA buffer, to be passed on to GSM-TCH (First-In First-Out mechanism) as soon as this confirmation message is received. Transmission is performed by means of unstructured DATA frames, aligned to the last SYNC or STATUS frame; in this phase, information received from GSM-TCH is ignored. + +Following CT109 OFF condition of MSG local modem, after all buffered data are transmitted (the last DATA frame is truncated if necessary), a transition to the IDLE state is performed. In this state the FA waits (meanwhile BCS data received from the local modem are ignored) for a minimum of 5 transmitted SYNC frames, in order to indicate to the remote FA the end of the message. + +While waiting for the acknowledgement re-synchronization shall be performed if necessary, following reception of unrecognisable SYNC frames or unstructured STATUS frames. + +In case of 7.2 kbit/s MSG speed, a SYNC frame will be stuffed every 3 DATA frames, to produce the data stream at 9.6 kbit/s. The overall protocol structure will result in multi-frame entities (3 DATA frames followed by a single SYNC frame), continuously sent over the radio path. Similar mechanisms for multislot configurations are specified in table 1a/43.045 for MSG speed of 12 kbit/s. + +#### 5.2.3.5 MSG-TRA state + +The basic function of FA in this state is transferring MSG information from GSM-TCH to its local MSG modem. + +Transition to this state is triggered by reception of MSG-REC code from TCH; towards the radio path continuous transmission of STATUS frames interleaved with SYNC frames is performed. + +The MSG modem is trained and a timer (300 m/sec) corresponding to the round trip time over the GSM-TCH is started. After timeout, loss of synchronization in the information received from TCH, will be assumed as the first Fax coded DATA frame. From the receipt of Message on, continuous transmission of SYNC frames is performed. + +All data received from the GSM-TCH will be stored in the FA buffer, to be passed on to the MSG modem (First-In First-Out mechanism) as soon as the modem training terminates (CT106 ON). + +From this time on, re-synchronization will be attempted continuously; when an IDLE state is recognized again in the data stream received from the radio path, end of MSG phase will be assumed; then a transition to the IDLE state will be executed, where the FA will wait (ignoring data received from GSM-TCH) until the buffered information has been fully transmitted to the local MSG modem; the procedure will then proceed in the normal way. + +In case of 12.0 or 7.2 kbit/s MSG speed, the above general rule applies as well. + +NOTE: In this case, no longer an isolate SYNC frame can be interpreted as the end of MSG phase (transition to the IDLE state of the originating FA at the remote side). + +However multi-frame synchronization shall be checked in addition, to remove the SYNC frame stuffed by the originating FA to match the 14.4 kbit/s or 9.6 kbit/s Access Rate over the PLMN. If necessary multi-frame re-synchronization shall be performed. + +In case of loss of V.110 synchronization on the PLMN side, the FA shall transmit 0s towards the analogue interface, as long as no data is available. + +### 5.2.4 DCS and TCF processing + +Transmission of TCF is performed end-to-end between the two Fax apparatuses, and requires in both FAs a specific routine triggered by DCS command. + +As far as the originating FA is concerned, the general procedure as described above for MSG phase (MSG-REC state) applies, but no acknowledgement is required, both at the beginning and at the end, and so no buffering is necessary. That is, just following CT 109 ON condition of the MSG modem, unstructured DATA frames are sent over the radio path, aligned to previous frames; upon CT 109 OFF condition the last frame is sent (truncated if necessary), and a transition to the IDLE state is performed. + +As far as the terminating FA is concerned, after passing DCS command and waiting for the appropriate delay (75 m/sec), transition to the MSG-TRA is executed; here modem training shall be pre-empted and, as soon as the modem is ready for sending (CT 106 ON), loss of synchronization on TCH will be assumed as the first DATA frame containing TCF information and will be passed to the MSG modem. After 1.5 sec. timeout (standard TCF duration), the MSG modem will be turned OFF and the IDLE state entered as usual. Fill information (i.e. logical 0s) will be sent on the local modem if real TCF bit stream is not available. + +When DCS frame requires a different Message speed with respect to the actual Access Rate established on the PLMN channel, CMM procedure will be issued (at IWF side only) as detailed in subclause 4.3.2 of the present document, just upon detecting the end of DCS frame, before any other task. + +To ensure that the time gap between the DCS and TCF is within 75 +/- 20 ms period as specified in ITU-T/T.30, the training shall be pre-empted in the terminating FA, as defined above. + +### 5.2.5 DCN (disconnect) frame + +The FA/MT, upon detection of the DCN frame (see T.30) sent by the local terminal to indicate the end of facsimile transmission, passes this information to GSM-TCH in the normal way and then, initiates the disconnection procedure towards MT, as defined in subclause 6.3/43.045. When the DCN frame is received from GSM-TCH, disconnection procedure is initiated immediately by the FA/MT, as defined in subclause 6.3/43.045. + +### 5.2.6 Clocking + +At MS the Fax Adaptor or PLMN facsimile machine will acquire received data bit timing on CT115 (from MT). The transmitter element timing CT114 (from MT) shall be synchronized to CT115. + +Since a synchronous terminal adapter function is used, the clock rate over the V.24 interface will always reflect the rate over the radio interface. + +In this Teleservice the Network Independent Clocking (NIC) mechanism is not used; to compensate against mismatching between PLMN clock speed and local modem clock speed, a FIFO buffering technique shall be adopted in the FAs on both the PLMN sides. The strategy to manage the buffer queue has a direct impact on the overall delay of the MSG phase, and therefore on T.30 operability in the ensuing post-message phase; basically this procedure is regarded as implementation dependent, and hence is beyond the scope of the present document. A possible implementation is described below, aiming at minimizing the addition delay. + +In the originating FA, when the modem speed is lower, according to T.4 (subclause 4.1.3/T.4) a pause may be placed in the message flow by transmitting a FILL sequence (variable string of 0s) between a line of Data and an EOL character. When the modem speed is higher, as no flow control is provided by T.4 coding, the buffer will store excess data resulting from a Fax page transmission. + +In the terminating FA the same control means will be exploited. + +### 5.2.7 Timeouts + +The overall Fax Adaptation function has no intrinsic timeout, and so relies fully on the timing constraints associated to the end-to-end T.30 procedure. + +This means that, no matter of the reference configuration used at the MS, either the "standard" one (figure 2a/43.045) or the "PLMN Facsimile Machine" (figure 2d/43.045), the progress of the Call for this Teleservice will be merely subject to the T.30 typical timing protections, settled externally (physically and/or functionally) with respect to the procedure as described above. + +## 5.3 Specific TAFs for facsimile service (T.30/A) + +The optional error correction procedure, as defined in ITU-T T.4 and T.30 (annex A) Recommendations may be fully supported, provided some specific features are added to the Fax Adaptation procedure as resulting from the previous subclause 5.2/43.045. + +These features are relevant to: + +- additional HDLC frame to be detected; +- handling of the Message phase; +- modification of the Channel rate (CMM request); + +The Error Correction mode is entered upon detection of the relevant bits in the DIS/DTC frame. + +If the FA does not support the ECM, the relevant bit in the DIS has to be set to zero by the FA. + +### 5.3.1 Frame detection + +During the BCS phases, beside the frames enlisted in subclause 4.2.1.1/43.045, an additional frame (CTC) has to be detected, as it fixes the retransmission strategy chosen by the Fax transmitting terminal. + +### 5.3.2 Message phase + +The same buffering approach as for standard T.30 procedure (see subclause 5.2.3.1/43.045) will be exploited to overcome the mismatching in clock speed between PLMN and the local modem; in this case however the HDLC flag code (hex 7E) will be used to control the buffer level, as the Fax coded data are structured in HDLC frames. + +### 5.3.3 Additional CMM request + +While in BCS the CTC frame has to be detected, due to the possible (not mandatory) request of changing the transmission speed to a fallback bit-rate. + +The CMM request towards the PLMN (when appropriate) is issued at the IWF side, by exploiting the bit-rate indication in the CTC frame, similar to the indication in DCS frame. + +Upon detecting the CTC frame, either sent by the PSTN or by the MS, provided the transmission speed indication is different from the existing Channel rate, as soon as the end of frame is detected, CMM request is issued, using exactly the same procedure as described for DCS in subclause 4.3.2 of the present document + +If a 7,2 kbit/s MSG speed is requested in the CTC frame, no CMM request is necessary, and the specific procedure described in subclause 4.2.3.4 applies, using the same 9,6 kbit/s Access Rate over the PLMN channel. + +# --- 6 Signalling aspects + +3GPP TS 27.003 identifies the BC/LLC/HLC requirements to be supported by the MT. + +In case of Teleservice 61 (Alternate Speech/Facsimile), both "Speech" and "Group 3 facsimile" Bearer Capability Information Elements (BC-IE) are necessary to set up the call; the sequence order in which these BC-IEs are transmitted identifies the service to be provided first by the PLMN. For Mobile Originated calls, the MT indicates in the SETUP message the first requirement e.g. speech, by sending this as the first BC-IE; for an "autocalling" facsimile request, the "Group 3 Facsimile" BC-IE is sent as the first one. + +For Mobile Terminated calls, the MT may change the order of BCIEs and send them back in the CALL CONF message. + +In case of Teleservice 62, a single BC-IE ("Group 3 Facsimile") is used. + +Interworking between Teleservice 61 and 62 is specified in 3GPP TS 22.003 and 3GPP TS 27.001. + +## 6.1 Handling of Tonal Signals + +Because the ITU-T defined service uses modems, there are some signals received from the analogue link at the IWF and (where used) the Fax Adaptor which do not have a direct binary representation. These signals cannot therefore be passed across the radio interface in the same way as the T.30 and T.4 information. These signals are the modem Called (CED) and Calling (CNG) tones sent at the start of each Fax data phase of the call; they are generated locally by the FA/MT and FA/IWF, exploiting an end-to-end time alignment mechanism, triggered by appropriate messages on the PLMN signalling channel. The procedure is detailed in the following. + +## 6.2 Call establishment + +The PSTN Facsimile apparatus may be manually or automatically calling. + +### 6.2.1 Mobile Terminated Call - Speech then Fax + +Refer to diagrams in figure II-5a/43.045 and II-5b/43.045. In both of the figures the initial call setup is mobile terminated. In figure II-5a/43.045 the data call direction is also mobile terminated, in figure II-5b/43.045 it is mobile originated. + +In order to make the transition from the speech phase to the facsimile phase, the MODIFY command must be initiated by MMI at the MS + +In the case where a PLMN facsimile machine is used, it will turn on CT108.2 when it is connected to the line by manual intervention. + +In the case where a Fax Adaptor at MT is used, it will turn on CT108.2 when the mobile Fax Apparatus is connected to the line by manual intervention. + +After determination of the data call direction and ICM (see subclause 4.3.1) and on completion of the synchronization process over the radio interface, CT107 shall be turned on by the MT; in the case where a Fax Adaptor is used, on receipt of CT107 from MT, the Fax Adaptor will complete the tonal handshaking according to the rules in subclause 4.3.1. The analogue link at FA/IWF side will be established in accordance with the T.30 Recommendation; provided the synchronization process is completed (CT108.2 ON condition), the appropriate tone according to the rules in subclause 4.3.1 shall be transmitted. In case of data call direction "mobile terminated" the CED tone shall be transmitted after a silence time of 1,8 to 2,5 sec. (see T.30/4.3.3.2) from the call being answered; during transmission of CED tone (2,6 sec. minimum duration, followed by a delay period of 75 +/- 20 m/sec) the IWF/FA will process data received from GSM-TCH as usual, but the relevant information (e.g. preamble of a BCS frame) shall be discarded without any buffering. + +Note that CT109 and CT106 at the R interface of the MT must be in the ON condition before any further procedure can be carried out end-to-end between the Fax Adaptors; therefore, as soon as the synchronization process over the radio interface is completed, both CT109 and CT106 (MT side) are clamped to the ON condition by the FA/IWF (by setting the appropriate status bits in the V.110 frame), so fixing a full-duplex mode throughout the whole data phase of the call. + +### 6.2.2 Mobile Terminated Call - Auto answer + +Refer to the diagram in figure II-6/43.045. + +A call received from the PSTN will cause the MT to turn on CT125 at the R interface. + +In the case where a PLMN facsimile machine is used, V.25bis auto answer process is handled directly by turning on CT108.2. In the case where a Fax Adaptor is used, CT125 will cause ring current to be sent to the mobile Fax apparatus. The Fax Adaptor will turn on CT108.2 when the mobile Fax Apparatus answers the call. + +On receipt of CT108.2, the MT will answer the call and initiate the synchronization process over the radio interface. + +On completion of the synchronization process over the radio interface, CT107 shall be turned on by the MT; in the case where a Fax Adaptor is used, on receipt of CT107 from MT, the Fax Adaptor will initiate the tonal handshaking by sending CNG (mandatory). + +The analogue link at IWF side shall be established in accordance with the T.30 Recommendation; the same considerations apply as detailed in the previous subclause 6.2.1 for CED transmission. + +Note that CT109 and CT106 at the R interface of the MT must be in the ON condition before any further procedure can be carried out end-to-end between the Fax Adaptors; therefore, as soon as the synchronization process over the radio interface is completed, both CT109 and CT106 (MT side) are clamped to the ON condition by the FA/IWF. + +### 6.2.3 Mobile Originated Call - Speech then Fax + +Refer to diagrams in figure II-7a/43.045 and II-7b/43.045. In both of the figures the initial call setup is mobile originated. In figure II-7a/43.045 the data call direction is also mobile originated, in figure II-7b/43.045 it is mobile terminated. + +In order to make the transition from the speech phase to the facsimile phase, the MODIFY command must be initiated by MMI at the MS, which will result in a synchronization phase over the radio interface and connection to line of FA/IWF. + +In the case where a Fax Adaptor is used, the mobile Fax apparatus must be connected to line by manual intervention at this stage, and will cause the Fax Adaptor to turn on CT108.2 towards the MT. In the case where a PLMN facsimile machine is used, CT108.2 shall be turned on when the PLMN facsimile apparatus is connected to line by manual intervention. + +After determination of the data call direction and ICM (see subclause 4.3.1) and on completion of the synchronization process over the radio interface, the modem at IWF will be automatically selected and send the appropriate modem tone according to the rules in subclause 4.3.1 to the PSTN Fax apparatus. Also CT107 shall be turned on by MT, whereupon the FA/MT will complete the tonal handshaking according to the rules in subclause 4.3.1. + +Note that CT109 and CT106 at the R interface of the MT must be in the ON condition before any further procedure can be carried out end-to-end between the Fax Adaptors; therefore, as soon as the synchronization process over the radio interface is completed, both CT109 and CT106 (MT side) are clamped to the ON condition by the FA/IWF. + +### 6.2.4 Mobile Originated Call - Auto calling + +Refer to the diagram in figure II-8/43.045. + +Over the V.24 interface the autocalling procedure of V.25bis is initiated, using the relevant HDLC format commands. This is done either directly from the PLMN facsimile machine or, in the case where a Fax Adaptor is used, by loop disconnect or DTMF dialling information between the mobile Fax apparatus and the Fax Adaptor. + +When the call is answered, a synchronization phase will take place over the radio interface. + +On completion of the synchronization process over the radio interface, the modem at IWF will be automatically selected and send CNG (mandatory) to PSTN Fax apparatus. Also CT107 shall be turned on by MT. In the case where a Fax Adaptor is used, the receipt of CT107 shall cause the Fax Adaptor to connect to line. + +Note that CT109 and CT106 at the R interface of the MT must be in the ON condition before any further procedure can be carried out end-to-end between the Fax Adaptors; therefore, as soon as the synchronization process over the radio interface is completed, both CT109 and CT106 (MT side) are clamped to the ON condition by the FA/IWF. + +### 6.2.5 Mobile Originated Call - Manual calling + +Refer to the diagram in figure II-9/43.045. + +When the call is answered a synchronization phase will take place over the radio interface, provided CT108.2 is in ON condition. + +In the case where a Fax Adaptor is used, the mobile Fax apparatus must be connected to line by manual intervention at this stage, and will cause the Fax Adaptor to turn on CT108.2 towards the MT. + +In the case where a PLMN facsimile machine is used, CT108.2 shall be turned on when the PLMN facsimile apparatus is connected to line by manual intervention. + +On completion of the synchronization process over the radio interface, the modem at IWF will be automatically selected and send CNG (mandatory) to PSTN Fax apparatus. Also CT107 shall be turned on by MT. In the case where a Fax Adaptor is used, the receipt of CT107 shall cause the Fax Adaptor to connect to line. + +Note that CT109 and CT106 at the R interface of the MT must be in the ON condition before any further procedure can be carried out end-to-end between the Fax Adaptors; therefore, as soon as the synchronization process over the radio interface is completed, both CT109 and CT106 (MT side) are clamped to the ON condition by the FA/IWF. + +## 6.3 Call release + +The normal call release procedure will be initiated at the MS, either by the PLMN Facsimile Machine or by the FA/MT, forcing CT108.2 in OFF condition; this will follow DCN frame (disconnect, see subclause 5.2.5 of the present document) occurrence, either sent over the GSM-TCH towards the remote Fax terminal or received via GSM-TCH from the remote Fax terminal. + +In the former case CT109 will be actually turned OFF after a time delay of 200 m/sec from DCN being sent. In the latter case no delay is necessary before turning CT108.2 in OFF condition; when the received DCN is corrupted and hence undetected in the MS by the FA, the Call Control entity in the MSC/IWF will release the call over the PLMN connection element, following the disconnection over the PSTN. + +# --- 7 Interworking to fixed networks + +PSTN and ISDN only are considered, both used as transit network to complement the PLMN in the end-to-end connection between GR 3 facsimile apparatus, figure 8/43.045. + +As far as the signalling aspect are concerned, both general and Facsimile Teleservice specific requirements, as specified in 3GPP TS 29.007, apply. Clarifications given in the following deal with Traffic channel aspects only. + +## 7.1 Interworking to PSTN + +As the standard access of Group 3 facsimile terminals for this Teleservice is a 2-wire analogue interface, all the technical requirements for network interworking to PSTN are identical in principle to those encountered for the terminal connection to the MT. + +The key functional block is the Fax Adaptor described in clauses 4 to 6 of the present document. As far as network interworking is concerned, the main function to be performed by such block is the correct managing of a composite modem, in accordance with the requirements of ITU-T Rec. T.30. + +- V.21 synchronous mode, as standard facility for all BCS phases; +- V.27ter for message speeds of 4 800 and 2 400 bit/s; +- V.29 for 9 600 and 7 200 bit/s message speed. +- V.17 for 7200, 9600, 12000 and 14400 bit/s message speed. + +The mechanism for selecting the right modem is the following: + +- the actual message speed is obtained by detecting the DCS frame (see table 2/T.30) while in BCS phase; +- on entering the Message phase, there is an interchange between the V.21 modem and the actual modem agreed upon between the terminals for message transmission; +- on exiting the Message phase the V.21 modem is selected again. + +Times for settling the modems will be in accordance with the requirements of Recommendation T.30. + +![Figure 8/43.045: Network interworking diagram showing the connection between a TE 2, Fax Adaptor, and MT to an IWF, which then connects to PSTN and ISDN via a Codec.](f1fbb1287d999c7034742de35bdab836_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the network interworking architecture. On the left, a TE 2 (Terminal Equipment 2) is connected to a Fax Adaptor, which is in turn connected to an MT (Modem Terminal). A dashed box labeled '2W' (2-wire interface) contains a composite modem block with V.21, V.27ter, and V.29 Modem options, along with Tone Handling and Protocol control & monitoring functions. This composite modem connects to a BSS/ MSC (Base Station Subsystem/ Mobile Switching Center). The BSS/ MSC is connected to an IWF (Interworking Function). The IWF contains a Protocol control & monitoring block and a composite modem block similar to the one in the 2W interface, with V.21, V.27ter, and V.29 Modem options, along with Tone Handling. The IWF connects to two network types: PSTN (Packet Switched Network) and ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network). The connection to the ISDN is through a Codec, which outputs a 3.1 kHz audio signal. + +Figure 8/43.045: Network interworking diagram showing the connection between a TE 2, Fax Adaptor, and MT to an IWF, which then connects to PSTN and ISDN via a Codec. + +Figure 8/43.045: Network interworking + +## 7.2 Interworking to ISDN + +The use of 3,1 kHz bearer capability of ISDN allows for an interworking of PLMN very similar in practice to the scheme for PSTN, figure 6/43.045. + +The Fax Adaptor function is in conformance with the description given in clauses 4 to 6 of the present document, and operates as detailed in subclause 7.1/43.045. + +# Annex I (informative): Protocol entities from ITU-T T.30 and T.4 + +List of T.30 signals + +| Abbreviation | Function | Signal format | T.30 standard | T.30 err.corr. | +|--------------|----------------------------------------|---------------|---------------|----------------| +| CED | Called station identification | 2100 Hz | X | X | +| CFR | Confirmation to receive | X010 0001 | X | X | +| CRP | Command repeat | X101 1000 | X | X | +| CIG | Calling subscriber identification | 1000 1000 | X | X | +| CNG | Calling tone | 1100 Hz | X | X | +| CSI | Called subscriber identification | 0000 0010 | X | X | +| CTC | Continue to correct | X100 1000 | | X | +| CTR | Response to continue to correct | X010 0011 | | X | +| DCN | Disconnect | X101 1111 | X | X | +| DCS | Digital command signal | X100 0001 | X | X | +| DIS | Digital identification signal | 0000 0001 | X | X | +| DTC | Digital transmit command | 1000 0001 | X | X | +| EOM | End of message | X111 0001 | X | | +| EOP | End of procedure | X111 0100 | X | | +| EOR | End of retransmission | X111 0011 | | X | +| ERR | Response to end of retransmission | X011 1000 | | X | +| FCD | Facsimile coded data | 0110 0000 | | X | +| FCF | Facsimile control field | --- | X | X | +| FCS | Frame checking sequence | 16 bits | X | X | +| FIF | Facsimile information field | --- | X | X | +| FTT | Failure to train | X010 0010 | X | X | +| MCF | Message confirmation | X011 0001 | X | X | +| MPS | Multi-page signal | X111 0010 | X | | +| NSC | Non-standard facilities command | 1000 0100 | X | X | +| NSF | Non-standard facilities | 0000 0100 | X | X | +| NSS | Non-standard set-up | X100 0100 | X | X | +| PIN | Procedural interrupt negative | X011 0100 | X | X | +| PIP | Procedural interrupt positive | X011 0101 | X | X | +| PIS | Procedure interrupt signal | 462 Hz | X | X | +| PPR | Partial page request | X011 1101 | | X | +| PPS | Partial page signal | X111 1101 | | X | +| PRI | Procedure interrupt | X111 XXXX | X | | +| RCP | Return to control for partial page | 0110 0001 | | X | +| RNR | Receive not ready | X011 0111 | | X | +| RR | Receive ready | X111 0110 | | X | +| RTN | Retrain negative | X011 0010 | X | X | +| RTP | Retrain positive | X011 0011 | X | X | +| TCF | Training check frame | 0... 1.5s | X | X | +| TSI | Transmitting subscriber identification | X100 0010 | X | X | + +List of ITU-T T.4 signals + +| Abbreviation | Function | Signal format | +|--------------|-------------------|----------------| +| EOL | End of line | 0000 0000 0001 | +| RTC | Return to control | 6 * EOL | + +# Annex II (informative): Procedure examples + +![Diagram of mobile originated facsimile transmission procedure. The top part shows a physical architecture with Group 3 Facsimile devices connected via 2-wire lines to Fax Adaptors. The Fax Adaptors connect to a Prot. Adapt. which is linked to an MT (Mobile Terminal). The MT is connected to a BSS (Base Station System), which is further connected to an MSC / IWF (Mobile Switching Center / Interworking Function). The MSC / IWF connects to another Prot. Adapt., which connects to another Fax Adaptor, which in turn connects to a PSTN (Packet Switched Network) and finally to another Group 3 Facsimile device. The bottom part is a sequence diagram showing the signaling process. It starts with a Preamble and CT109 ON (BCS modem) from the left. BCS frames are exchanged. Then CT109 OFF (BCS modem) and CT105 ON (BCS modem) occur. The diagram shows a series of SYNC and STATUS messages being exchanged between the MT and the MSC/IWF. The sequence ends with CT105 OFF (BCS modem) and CT109 ON (BCS modem) on the right side, followed by another Preamble and BCS frames.](eb5677b570ab2a3e9d8f5d35ca5b8a4d_img.jpg) + +Diagram of mobile originated facsimile transmission procedure. The top part shows a physical architecture with Group 3 Facsimile devices connected via 2-wire lines to Fax Adaptors. The Fax Adaptors connect to a Prot. Adapt. which is linked to an MT (Mobile Terminal). The MT is connected to a BSS (Base Station System), which is further connected to an MSC / IWF (Mobile Switching Center / Interworking Function). The MSC / IWF connects to another Prot. Adapt., which connects to another Fax Adaptor, which in turn connects to a PSTN (Packet Switched Network) and finally to another Group 3 Facsimile device. The bottom part is a sequence diagram showing the signaling process. It starts with a Preamble and CT109 ON (BCS modem) from the left. BCS frames are exchanged. Then CT109 OFF (BCS modem) and CT105 ON (BCS modem) occur. The diagram shows a series of SYNC and STATUS messages being exchanged between the MT and the MSC/IWF. The sequence ends with CT105 OFF (BCS modem) and CT109 ON (BCS modem) on the right side, followed by another Preamble and BCS frames. + +Fig. II-1/03.45 + - Mobile originated facsimile transmission - + Typical BCS phase (command/response) + +![Diagram of mobile originated facsimile transmission - Typical MSG phase. The diagram shows the flow of data from a Group 3 Facsimile machine through a Modem, Fax Adapter, and MT (Mobile Terminal) to an MSC/IWF, then through another Fax Adapter and Modem to a PSTN, and finally to another Group 3 Facsimile machine. The data is transmitted in frames consisting of SYNC, STATUS, and DATA fields. The process is divided into six steps: 1. Training (MSG modem) is initiated. 2. Upon confirmation from remote FA, buffered data are transmitted. 3. Data from BCS modem are ignored until 5 SYNC frames are transmitted. 4. Training is initiated. 5. Data from GSM-TCH are buffered. 6. Upon end of training, buffered data are transmitted to the modem. The diagram also shows the flow of control signals like IDLE, MSG-REC, MSG-TRA, and BCS-REC.](28d75f39a24203712ee907b32cf0bbe5_img.jpg) + +**Hardware Block Diagram:** + +The top section shows the connection path: Group 3 Facsimile ↔ Modem ↔ Fax Adaptor (Prot. Adapt.) ↔ MT ↔ BSS ↔ MSC / IWF ↔ Fax Adaptor (Prot. Adapt.) ↔ Modem ↔ PSTN ↔ Group 3 Facsimile. Pin numbers listed in the Modem/Fax Adaptor interfaces include 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, and 109. + +``` + + sequenceDiagram + participant Fax_Modem as MSG Modem / Fax + participant MT_FA as MT / Fax Adaptor + participant MSC_IWF as MSC / IWF / Fax Adaptor + participant PSTN_Modem as PSTN / Modem + + Note over Fax_Modem, PSTN_Modem: IDLE Phase + Fax_Modem->>MT_FA: Training (MSG modem) + Note left of MT_FA: (1) Data from MSG modem are buffered + MT_FA->>MSC_IWF: SYNC / STATUS frames + Note over MT_FA, MSC_IWF: MSG-REC / MSG-TRA + Note right of MSC_IWF: (4) Training is initiated + MSC_IWF->>PSTN_Modem: CT105 ON (MSG modem) + MSC_IWF->>PSTN_Modem: Training + Note left of MT_FA: (2) Buffered data transmitted + MT_FA->>MSC_IWF: DATA frames + Note right of MSC_IWF: (5) Data from GSM-TCH are buffered + MSC_IWF->>PSTN_Modem: CT106 ON (MSG modem) + Note right of MSC_IWF: (6) Buffered data transmitted to modem + MSC_IWF->>PSTN_Modem: FAX MSG + Fax_Modem->>MT_FA: CT109 OFF (MSG modem) + Fax_Modem->>MT_FA: Preamble + Fax_Modem->>MT_FA: CT109 ON (BCS modem) + Note left of MT_FA: (3) Data from BCS modem ignored until 5 SYNC + MT_FA->>MSC_IWF: 5 SYNC minimum + Note over MT_FA, MSC_IWF: BCS-REC / BCS-TRA + +``` + +- 1 - Data from MSG modem are buffered. +- 2 - Upon confirmation from remote FA, buffered data are transmitted. +- 3 - Data from BCS modem are ignored until 5 SYNC frames are transmitted. +- 4 - Training is initiated. +- 5 - Data from GSM-TCH are buffered. +- 6 - Upon end of training, buffered data are transmitted to the modem. + +Diagram of mobile originated facsimile transmission - Typical MSG phase. The diagram shows the flow of data from a Group 3 Facsimile machine through a Modem, Fax Adapter, and MT (Mobile Terminal) to an MSC/IWF, then through another Fax Adapter and Modem to a PSTN, and finally to another Group 3 Facsimile machine. The data is transmitted in frames consisting of SYNC, STATUS, and DATA fields. The process is divided into six steps: 1. Training (MSG modem) is initiated. 2. Upon confirmation from remote FA, buffered data are transmitted. 3. Data from BCS modem are ignored until 5 SYNC frames are transmitted. 4. Training is initiated. 5. Data from GSM-TCH are buffered. 6. Upon end of training, buffered data are transmitted to the modem. The diagram also shows the flow of control signals like IDLE, MSG-REC, MSG-TRA, and BCS-REC. + +**Fig. II-2/03.45** + - Mobile originated facsimile transmission - + Typical MSG phase + +![Diagram of mobile originated facsimile transmission MSG phase. The top part shows the system architecture with Group 3 Facsimile, Fax Adaptor, MT, BSS, MSC/IWF, PSTN, and another Group 3 Facsimile. The bottom part is a sequence diagram showing the MSG phase with 7 steps. Step 1: Training (MSG modem) starts. Step 2: FAX MSG is received. Step 3: CT109 OFF (MSG modem) and CT109 ON (BCS modem) occur. Step 4: CT105 ON (MSG modem) occurs. Step 5: Data from GSM-TCH are buffered. Step 6: CT106 ON (MSG modem) occurs. Step 7: A SYNC frame is stuffed every 3 DATA frames. A legend explains the steps.](dd5771673aececa53d42ece89218299d_img.jpg) + +**Fig. II-3/03.45** + - Mobile originated facsimile transmission - + MSG phase (7.2 kbit/s MSG speed) + +- 1 - Data from MSG modem are buffered. +- 2 - Upon confirmation from remote FA, buffered data are transmitted. +- 3 - Data from BCS modem are ignored until 5 SYNC frames are transmitted. +- 4 - Training is initiated. +- 5 - Data from GSM-TCH are buffered. +- 6 - Upon end of training, buffered data are transmitted to the modem. +- 7 - A SYNC frame is stuffed every 3 DATA frames. + +Diagram of mobile originated facsimile transmission MSG phase. The top part shows the system architecture with Group 3 Facsimile, Fax Adaptor, MT, BSS, MSC/IWF, PSTN, and another Group 3 Facsimile. The bottom part is a sequence diagram showing the MSG phase with 7 steps. Step 1: Training (MSG modem) starts. Step 2: FAX MSG is received. Step 3: CT109 OFF (MSG modem) and CT109 ON (BCS modem) occur. Step 4: CT105 ON (MSG modem) occurs. Step 5: Data from GSM-TCH are buffered. Step 6: CT106 ON (MSG modem) occurs. Step 7: A SYNC frame is stuffed every 3 DATA frames. A legend explains the steps. + +![Diagram of mobile originated facsimile transmission showing the sequence of events between a Group 3 Facsimile machine, Fax Adaptor, MT, BSS, MSC/IWF, and PSTN.](00504fc688ebcf131ccbeff94dfc9939_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of events for a mobile originated facsimile transmission. It shows the interaction between a Group 3 Facsimile machine, a Fax Adaptor, a Mobile Terminal (MT), a Base Station Subsystem (BSS), a Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function (MSC/IWF), and a Packet Switched Transfer Network (PSTN). + +**Sequence of Events:** + +- The Group 3 Facsimile machine sends a **Preamble** and a **DCS frame** to the Fax Adaptor. +- The Fax Adaptor activates the **CT109 ON (BCS modem)**. +- The Fax Adaptor sends **SYNC** and **STATUS** messages to the MT via the **I DLE** interface. +- The Fax Adaptor activates the **CT109 ON (MSG modem)**. +- The Fax Adaptor sends **TCF** (Training Character Frame) to the MT via the **MSG-REC** interface. +- The Fax Adaptor activates the **CT109 OFF (MSG modem)**. +- The MT sends **DATA** packets to the BSS via the **MSG-TRA** interface. +- The BSS forwards the data to the MSC/IWF. +- The MSC/IWF sends a **CMM request** (indicated by a dashed line) to the PSTN. +- The PSTN sends a **Preamble** and a **DCS frame** to the remote Fax Adaptor. +- The remote Fax Adaptor activates the **CT105 ON (BCS modem)**. +- The remote Fax Adaptor sends **CT105 OFF (BCS modem)**. +- The remote Fax Adaptor activates the **CT105 ON (MSG modem)**. +- The remote Fax Adaptor sends **CT106 ON (MSG modem)**. +- The remote Fax Adaptor sends **TCF** to the MT via the **MSG-TRA** interface. +- The remote Fax Adaptor activates the **CT105 OFF (MSG modem)**. + +**Legend:** + +- Data from MSG modem are passed without waiting for confirmation from remote FA +- Modem training is pre-empted just after DCS frame (75 msec delay). +- CMM request if appropriate +- Upon end of training, data from GSM-TCH are passed to MSG modem. +- After 1.5 sec the MSG modem is turned OFF. + +Diagram of mobile originated facsimile transmission showing the sequence of events between a Group 3 Facsimile machine, Fax Adaptor, MT, BSS, MSC/IWF, and PSTN. + +Fig. II-4/03.45 + +- Mobile originated facsimile transmission - +Processing DCS frame and TCF message + +![Diagram of a facsimile call flow between two Group 3 Facsimile machines over a PSTN. The diagram shows the sequence of messages and control signals between the Fax Apparatus, Fax Adaptor, MT (Modem Terminal), BSS (Base Station System), MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function), and PSTN. The call flow includes Call SETUP, Answer, SPEECH PHASE, SYNCHRONISATION, MODIFY, ACK, and various control signals like CTI08.2, CTI05 OFF, CTI07, CTI06, CTI09, X, SB, CED, and CNG. A legend at the bottom left defines the numbered steps: 1 - Manual intervention, 2 - Mandatory, 3 - Locally generated by Fax Adaptor at IWF, 4 - BCS-REC state of Fax Adaptor, 5 - BCS-TRA state of Fax Adaptor, 6 - Optional, 7 - Triggered by CTI08.2 (3 sec delay).](e05b36c0d46549e681ce6581422c66b2_img.jpg) + +- 1 - Manual intervention +- 2 - Mandatory +- 3 - Locally generated by Fax Adaptor at IWF +- 4 - BCS-REC state of Fax Adaptor +- 5 - BCS-TRA state of Fax Adaptor +- 6 - Optional +- 7 - Triggered by CTI08.2 (3 sec delay) + +Diagram of a facsimile call flow between two Group 3 Facsimile machines over a PSTN. The diagram shows the sequence of messages and control signals between the Fax Apparatus, Fax Adaptor, MT (Modem Terminal), BSS (Base Station System), MSC/IWF (Mobile Switching Center/Interworking Function), and PSTN. The call flow includes Call SETUP, Answer, SPEECH PHASE, SYNCHRONISATION, MODIFY, ACK, and various control signals like CTI08.2, CTI05 OFF, CTI07, CTI06, CTI09, X, SB, CED, and CNG. A legend at the bottom left defines the numbered steps: 1 - Manual intervention, 2 - Mandatory, 3 - Locally generated by Fax Adaptor at IWF, 4 - BCS-REC state of Fax Adaptor, 5 - BCS-TRA state of Fax Adaptor, 6 - Optional, 7 - Triggered by CTI08.2 (3 sec delay). + +Fig. II-5a/03.45 + - Mobile Terminated Call - Speech then Fax + (Data Call Direction is Mobile Terminated) + +![Sequence diagram for Mobile Terminated Call - Speech then Fax. The diagram shows the interaction between two Group 3 Facsimile machines connected via PSTN and a mobile network (MT, BSS, MSC/IWF). The process involves Call SETUP, Answer, SPEECH PHASE, MODIFY (RCSD), ACK (RCSD), and SYNCHRONISATION phases. Various control signals like CTI08.2, CTI05 ON, CTI07, CTI06, CTI09, SB, X, CNG, and CED are shown. A legend at the bottom explains the numbered steps 1-8.](b5335262987c819d7f71ce40f99cb71b_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signaling sequence for a Mobile Terminated Call (MT) that switches from a speech phase to a fax phase. The network components include a Mobile Terminal (MT), Base Station Subsystem (BSS), and Mobile Switching Center / Interworking Function (MSC/IWF). The fax apparatuses are connected to the network via Fax Adaptors. + +**Sequence of Events:** + +- Call SETUP:** Initiated from the mobile network towards the fax apparatus. +- Answer:** Response from the fax apparatus back to the network. +- SPEECH PHASE:** Initial phase where the connection is established. CTI08.2 is sent from the fax apparatus to the network. +- CTI05 ON:** Signal from the network to the fax apparatus to start the fax sequence. +- MODIFY (RCSD) / ACK (RCSD):** Exchange of data call direction signals between the network and the fax apparatus. +- SYNCHRONISATION:** Phase where the fax apparatus sends CTI07, CTI06, and CTI09 signals. The network responds with SB and X signals. +- CNG / CED:** Final signals exchanged. The network sends CNG and the fax apparatus responds with CED. +- Carrier:** The data carrier is established between the two fax apparatuses. + +**Legend:** + +- 1 - Manual intervention +- 2 - Mandatory +- 3 - Locally generated by Fax Adaptor at IWF +- 4 - BCS-REC state of Fax Adaptor +- 5 - BCS-TRA state of Fax Adaptor +- 6 - Optional +- 7 - Triggered by CTI08.2 (3 sec delay) +- 8 - Transmitted only if neither CED nor BCS is already received + +Sequence diagram for Mobile Terminated Call - Speech then Fax. The diagram shows the interaction between two Group 3 Facsimile machines connected via PSTN and a mobile network (MT, BSS, MSC/IWF). The process involves Call SETUP, Answer, SPEECH PHASE, MODIFY (RCSD), ACK (RCSD), and SYNCHRONISATION phases. Various control signals like CTI08.2, CTI05 ON, CTI07, CTI06, CTI09, SB, X, CNG, and CED are shown. A legend at the bottom explains the numbered steps 1-8. + +Fig. II-5b/03.45 + - Mobile Terminated Call - Speech then Fax + (Data Call Direction is Mobile Originated) + +![System architecture diagram showing Group 3 Facsimile devices connected to Fax Adaptors, which are connected to MT and MSC/IWF components within a BSS, which in turn connect to a PSTN.](05eb72d372e4bf78e3d6a64949d77bcc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the system architecture for a mobile terminated call. On the left, a 'Group 3 Facsimile' device is connected via a 2-wire interface to a 'Fax Adaptor'. The Fax Adaptor contains a 'Modem' (channels 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108.2, 109) and a 'Prot. Adapt.' (channels 125, 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108.2, 109). This is connected to an 'MT' (Mobile Terminal) which is part of a 'BSS' (Base Station System). The BSS is connected to an 'MSC / IWF' (Mobile Switching Center / Interworking Function), which also contains a 'Prot. Adapt.' (channels 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108.2, 109) and a 'Fax Adaptor'. The MSC / IWF is connected to a 'PSTN' (Packet Switched Telephone Network), which is then connected to another 'Group 3 Facsimile' device via a 2-wire interface and another 'Fax Adaptor'. + +System architecture diagram showing Group 3 Facsimile devices connected to Fax Adaptors, which are connected to MT and MSC/IWF components within a BSS, which in turn connect to a PSTN. + +![Sequence diagram for Mobile Terminated Call - Auto Answer. It shows the interaction between the Facsimile, Fax Adaptor, MT, BSS, MSC/IWF, and PSTN. Key messages include Ring Current, CTI25, Call SETUP, Answer, CTI108.2, Connect to line, SYNCHRONISATION, CTI107, CNG, CTI106, CTI109, X, SB, CED, and Carrier. Numbered circles 1-5 indicate specific states or operations.](b51423b6c049f5b5fcde42e50b58f18b_img.jpg) + +The sequence diagram shows the following interaction: + + +- Step 1:** 'Ring Current' is sent from the PSTN side. 'CTI25' is received by the MT. 'Call SETUP' is sent from the MT to the PSTN. +- Step 2:** 'Answer' is sent from the MT to the PSTN. 'CTI108.2' is received by the MT. 'Connect to line' is sent from the MT to the Fax Adaptor. A 'SYNCHRONISATION' phase occurs between the MT and the Fax Adaptor. +- Step 3:** 'CTI107' is received by the MT. 'CNG' is sent from the Fax Adaptor to the MT. 'CTI106' and 'CTI109' are received by the MT. 'X' and 'SB' messages are exchanged between the MT and the Fax Adaptor. +- Step 4:** 'CED' is sent from the Fax Adaptor to the MT. 'Carrier' is sent from the MT to the Fax Adaptor. This state is labeled with a circled '4' (BCS-REC state). +- Step 5:** 'Carrier' is sent from the Fax Adaptor to the MT. This state is labeled with a circled '5' (BCS-TRA state). + +Sequence diagram for Mobile Terminated Call - Auto Answer. It shows the interaction between the Facsimile, Fax Adaptor, MT, BSS, MSC/IWF, and PSTN. Key messages include Ring Current, CTI25, Call SETUP, Answer, CTI108.2, Connect to line, SYNCHRONISATION, CTI107, CNG, CTI106, CTI109, X, SB, CED, and Carrier. Numbered circles 1-5 indicate specific states or operations. + +- 1 - Manual or automatic operation +- 2 - Mandatory +- 3 - Locally generated by Fax Adaptor at IWF +- 4 - BCS-REC state of Fax Adaptor +- 5 - BCS-TRA state of Fax Adaptor + +Fig. II-6/03.45 + - Mobile Terminated Call - Auto Answer + +![Sequence diagram for Mobile Originated Call - Speech then Fax. The diagram shows the interaction between two Group 3 Facsimile machines connected via PSTN and a mobile network (MT, BSS, MSC/IWF). The process involves Call SETUP, Answer, SPEECH PHASE, CTI08.2 signal, CNG, CTI05 ON, MODIFY, ACK, SYNCHRONISATION, CED, CTI07, CTI06, CTI09, SB, Carrier, and BCS states (REC and TRA). A legend at the bottom explains the numbered steps 1-8.](6e15fc9ea763541c5913d26f85072ae1_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of operations for a mobile-originated call that switches from speech to fax. It features two vertical timelines for the fax apparatuses at each end, and a central section for the network elements (MT, BSS, MSC/IWF). The sequence begins with a 'Call SETUP' from the left to the right, followed by an 'Answer' from right to left. The 'SPEECH PHASE' is indicated by a shaded block. The transition to fax mode is triggered by a 'CTI08.2' signal from the left. Subsequent signals include 'CNG' (optional), 'CTI05 ON', 'MODIFY' (triggered by CTI08.2), 'ACK', and 'SYNCHRONISATION'. The 'CED' signal is sent from the left, followed by 'CTI07', 'CTI06', and 'CTI09'. A 'SB' (Supervisory) signal is shown between the network and the left fax apparatus. The 'Carrier' state is indicated at the bottom. The legend defines the numbered steps: 1 - Manual intervention, 2 - Mandatory, 3 - Locally generated by Fax Adaptor at IWF, 4 - BCS-REC state of Fax Adaptor, 5 - BCS-TRA state of Fax Adaptor, 6 - Optional, 7 - Triggered by CTI08.2 (3 sec delay), 8 - Transmitted only if neither CED nor BCS is already received. + +Sequence diagram for Mobile Originated Call - Speech then Fax. The diagram shows the interaction between two Group 3 Facsimile machines connected via PSTN and a mobile network (MT, BSS, MSC/IWF). The process involves Call SETUP, Answer, SPEECH PHASE, CTI08.2 signal, CNG, CTI05 ON, MODIFY, ACK, SYNCHRONISATION, CED, CTI07, CTI06, CTI09, SB, Carrier, and BCS states (REC and TRA). A legend at the bottom explains the numbered steps 1-8. + +Fig. II-7a/03.45 + +- Mobile Originated Call - Speech then Fax + (Data Call Direction is Mobile Originated) + +![Sequence diagram for Mobile Originated Call - Speech then Fax. The diagram shows the interaction between two Group 3 Facsimile machines connected via PSTN, through Fax Adaptors, to an MSC/IWF containing a BSS and MT. The sequence starts with Call SETUP and Answer. A shaded 'SPEECH PHASE' occurs, triggered by CT108.2. After the speech phase, the Fax Adaptor sends CT105 OFF. The MT then sends MODIFY (RCSD) and ACK (RCSD) messages. A shaded 'SYNCHRONISATION' phase follows, triggered by CT107. During this phase, the Fax Adaptor at the MT side generates X and SB signals (CT106, CT109). The Fax Adaptor at the far end sends CED (CT108.2) to the receiving facsimile machine. Carrier signals are shown at the bottom, with states BCS-REC (4) and BCS-TRA (5). Optional signals include CNG (6) and CED (6) from the far-end Fax Adaptor. Manual interventions are marked with circled numbers 1 and 6.](2837ffdadcdb1e5bababa56b564e56ed_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the sequence of operations for a Mobile Originated Call - Speech then Fax (Data Call Direction is Mobile Terminated). + +The diagram shows the interaction between two Group 3 Facsimile machines connected via PSTN, through Fax Adaptors, to an MSC/IWF containing a BSS and MT. + +Sequence of operations: + +- Call SETUP +- Answer +- SPEECH PHASE (Triggered by CT108.2) +- CT105 OFF +- MODIFY (RCSD) +- ACK (RCSD) +- SYNCHRONISATION (Triggered by CT107) +- CT107 +- CT108.2 +- CED +- CT106 +- CT109 +- X +- SB +- Carrier (BCS-REC state of Fax Adaptor) +- Carrier (BCS-TRA state of Fax Adaptor) + +Legend: + +- Manual intervention +- Mandatory +- Locally generated by Fax Adaptor at IWF +- BCS-REC state of Fax Adaptor +- BCS-TRA state of Fax Adaptor +- Optional +- Triggered by CT108.2 (3 sec delay) + +Sequence diagram for Mobile Originated Call - Speech then Fax. The diagram shows the interaction between two Group 3 Facsimile machines connected via PSTN, through Fax Adaptors, to an MSC/IWF containing a BSS and MT. The sequence starts with Call SETUP and Answer. A shaded 'SPEECH PHASE' occurs, triggered by CT108.2. After the speech phase, the Fax Adaptor sends CT105 OFF. The MT then sends MODIFY (RCSD) and ACK (RCSD) messages. A shaded 'SYNCHRONISATION' phase follows, triggered by CT107. During this phase, the Fax Adaptor at the MT side generates X and SB signals (CT106, CT109). The Fax Adaptor at the far end sends CED (CT108.2) to the receiving facsimile machine. Carrier signals are shown at the bottom, with states BCS-REC (4) and BCS-TRA (5). Optional signals include CNG (6) and CED (6) from the far-end Fax Adaptor. Manual interventions are marked with circled numbers 1 and 6. + +Fig. II-7b/03.45 + - Mobile Originated Call - Speech then Fax + (Data Call Direction is Mobile Terminated) + +![System architecture diagram showing a Group 3 Facsimile device connected to a Fax Adaptor, which is connected to a Mobile Terminal (MT) via a Base Station Subsystem (BSS) and Mobile Switching Center / Interworking Function (MSC/IWF). The MSC/IWF is connected to a PSTN, which is further connected to another Fax Adaptor and Group 3 Facsimile device. The Fax Adaptors show various protocol layers: 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, 109.](78ff716475b2f65bf01c3a4d02d89fc4_img.jpg) + +System architecture diagram showing a Group 3 Facsimile device connected to a Fax Adaptor, which is connected to a Mobile Terminal (MT) via a Base Station Subsystem (BSS) and Mobile Switching Center / Interworking Function (MSC/IWF). The MSC/IWF is connected to a PSTN, which is further connected to another Fax Adaptor and Group 3 Facsimile device. The Fax Adaptors show various protocol layers: 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, 109. + +![Sequence diagram for a mobile originated call. The sequence starts with 'Dial' (1) from the mobile side, followed by 'CT108.2' and 'V.25 bis' messages. The mobile side sends 'Call SETUP' to the PSTN side. The PSTN side responds with 'Answer' (3). A 'SYNCHRONISATION' phase occurs. The mobile side sends 'Connect to line' (CT107) and 'CNG' (2). The PSTN side responds with 'CT108.2' and 'CNG' (2). The mobile side sends 'CED' (2) and 'Carrier' (6). The PSTN side sends 'X' (4) and 'SB' (4) to the mobile side, and 'CED' (2) and 'Carrier' (5) to the PSTN side.](08c7a76a7786bd08b99dd4cb41583ef4_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram for a mobile originated call. The sequence starts with 'Dial' (1) from the mobile side, followed by 'CT108.2' and 'V.25 bis' messages. The mobile side sends 'Call SETUP' to the PSTN side. The PSTN side responds with 'Answer' (3). A 'SYNCHRONISATION' phase occurs. The mobile side sends 'Connect to line' (CT107) and 'CNG' (2). The PSTN side responds with 'CT108.2' and 'CNG' (2). The mobile side sends 'CED' (2) and 'Carrier' (6). The PSTN side sends 'X' (4) and 'SB' (4) to the mobile side, and 'CED' (2) and 'Carrier' (5) to the PSTN side. + +- 1 - Manual intervention +- 2 - Mandatory +- 3 - PSTN Fax apparatus may be manually or automatically answered +- 4 - Locally generated by Fax Adaptor at IWF +- 5 - BCS-REC state of Fax Adaptor +- 6 - BCS-TRA state of Fax Adaptor + +Fig. II-8/03.45 + - Mobile Originated Call - Auto Calling + +![System architecture diagram for a mobile originated fax call. It shows a Group 3 Facsimile connected via a 2w line to a Fax Adaptor (containing Modem and Prot. Adapt. blocks with various V.24 interface circuits like 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, 109). This connects to an MT, then through a BSS to an MSC / IWF. The MSC / IWF contains another Fax Adaptor with similar Modem and Prot. Adapt. blocks, which connects through a PSTN to another Group 3 Facsimile device.](6629e8a87e7552e2454b7c3e9f6d73a0_img.jpg) + +System architecture diagram for a mobile originated fax call. It shows a Group 3 Facsimile connected via a 2w line to a Fax Adaptor (containing Modem and Prot. Adapt. blocks with various V.24 interface circuits like 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, 109). This connects to an MT, then through a BSS to an MSC / IWF. The MSC / IWF contains another Fax Adaptor with similar Modem and Prot. Adapt. blocks, which connects through a PSTN to another Group 3 Facsimile device. + +![Sequence diagram for Mobile Originated Call - Manual Calling. The diagram shows signal flows between Facsimile, Fax Adaptor, MT, BSS, MSC/IWF, and PSTN. Key signals include Dial, CT108.2, Call SETUP, Answer, Connect to line, CT107, SYNCHRONISATION, CNG, CED, X, SB, and Carrier. Circled numbers 1 through 6 indicate specific states or actions defined in the legend below.](04cfca33e3fc26513abe649d7474f733_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram for Mobile Originated Call - Manual Calling. The diagram shows signal flows between Facsimile, Fax Adaptor, MT, BSS, MSC/IWF, and PSTN. Key signals include Dial, CT108.2, Call SETUP, Answer, Connect to line, CT107, SYNCHRONISATION, CNG, CED, X, SB, and Carrier. Circled numbers 1 through 6 indicate specific states or actions defined in the legend below. + +- 1 - Manual intervention +- 2 - Mandatory +- 3 - PSTN Fax apparatus may be manually or automatically answered +- 4 - Locally generated by Fax Adaptor at IWF +- 5 - BCS-REC state of Fax Adaptor +- 6 - BCS-TRA state of Fax Adaptor + +Fig. II-9/03.45 +- Mobile Originated Call - Manual Calling + +![Diagram of Mobile Originated Call - Fax then Speech procedure. The top part shows a block diagram of the system architecture. A Group 3 Facsimile unit is connected via a 2-wire interface to a Fax Adaptor. The Fax Adaptor contains a Modem (ports 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, 109) and a Prot. Adapt. (ports 125, 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, 109). This is connected to an MT (Mobile Terminal) which is part of a BSS (Base Station System). The BSS is connected to an MSC / IWF (Mobile Switching Center / Interworking Function) which contains another Prot. Adapt. (ports 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, 109) and a Modem. The MSC / IWF is connected to a PSTN (Packet Switched Network) via a 2-wire interface, which is then connected to another Group 3 Facsimile unit. The bottom part is a sequence diagram showing the call procedure. 1. Alert Operator (from PSTN side) sends a PIN/PIP (PRI-Q) message to the MT. 2. MT sends CT106 OFF and CT109 OFF messages to the Fax Adaptor. 3. Alert Operator (from MT side) sends a PRI-Q (PIN/PIP) message to the PSTN side. 4. MT sends a PIN/PIP (PRI-Q) message to the PSTN side. 5. MT sends CT108.2 OFF and CT107 OFF messages to the Fax Adaptor. The Fax Adaptor then sends a MODIFY message to the MT, which responds with an ACK. The procedure then enters the SPEECH PHASE.](9f6dec4d4e9fde40bce018861ef1278e_img.jpg) + +Diagram of Mobile Originated Call - Fax then Speech procedure. The top part shows a block diagram of the system architecture. A Group 3 Facsimile unit is connected via a 2-wire interface to a Fax Adaptor. The Fax Adaptor contains a Modem (ports 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, 109) and a Prot. Adapt. (ports 125, 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, 109). This is connected to an MT (Mobile Terminal) which is part of a BSS (Base Station System). The BSS is connected to an MSC / IWF (Mobile Switching Center / Interworking Function) which contains another Prot. Adapt. (ports 114, 115, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108.2, 107, 109) and a Modem. The MSC / IWF is connected to a PSTN (Packet Switched Network) via a 2-wire interface, which is then connected to another Group 3 Facsimile unit. The bottom part is a sequence diagram showing the call procedure. 1. Alert Operator (from PSTN side) sends a PIN/PIP (PRI-Q) message to the MT. 2. MT sends CT106 OFF and CT109 OFF messages to the Fax Adaptor. 3. Alert Operator (from MT side) sends a PRI-Q (PIN/PIP) message to the PSTN side. 4. MT sends a PIN/PIP (PRI-Q) message to the PSTN side. 5. MT sends CT108.2 OFF and CT107 OFF messages to the Fax Adaptor. The Fax Adaptor then sends a MODIFY message to the MT, which responds with an ACK. The procedure then enters the SPEECH PHASE. + +- 1 - Request for Operator intervention (manually at the Fax apparatus) +- 2 - offhook, CT106 and CT109 go in OFF condition +- 3 - Operator on line via manual intervention +- 4 - offhook +- 5 - Upon completion of PRI handshaking CT108.2 is forced to OFF condition + +Fig. II-10/03.45 + - Mobile Originated Call - Fax then Speech + (Procedure Interrupt requested from PSTN side) + +![Sequence diagram for Mobile Originated Call - Fax then Speech. The diagram shows the interaction between a Group 3 Facsimile device, a Fax Adaptor (containing Modem and Prot. Adapt.), a Mobile Terminal (MT), a Base Station Subsystem (BSS), a Mobile Switching Center / Interworking Function (MSC/IWF), a PSTN, and a remote Group 3 Facsimile. The sequence involves PRI-Q (PIN/PIP) signaling, CT signal state changes (CT106, CT109, CT108.2, CT107), and a MODIFY/ACK exchange leading to a SPEECH PHASE.](329c96049bb432e9c2cbda4e224a0c9c_img.jpg) + +- 1 - Request for Operator intervention (manually at the Fax apparatus) +- 2 - off-hook +- 3 - Operator on line via manual intervention +- 4 - off-hook, CT106 and CT109 go in OFF condition +- 5 - Upon completion of PRI handshaking CT108.2 is forced to OFF condition + +Sequence diagram for Mobile Originated Call - Fax then Speech. The diagram shows the interaction between a Group 3 Facsimile device, a Fax Adaptor (containing Modem and Prot. Adapt.), a Mobile Terminal (MT), a Base Station Subsystem (BSS), a Mobile Switching Center / Interworking Function (MSC/IWF), a PSTN, and a remote Group 3 Facsimile. The sequence involves PRI-Q (PIN/PIP) signaling, CT signal state changes (CT106, CT109, CT108.2, CT107), and a MODIFY/ACK exchange leading to a SPEECH PHASE. + +Fig. II-11/03.45 + - Mobile Originated Call - Fax then Speech + (Procedure Interrupt requested from Mobile side) + +# Annex III (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|--------|------------------|--------------|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------|--| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | | +| | SMG#11 | | | | Phase 2 version | | 4.4.2 | | +| | SMG#20 | | | | Release 1996 version | | 5.0.0 | | +| | SMG#20 | | | | ETSI version change | | 5.0.1 | | +| | SMG#21 | 055/97 | A002 | | Support of HSCSD | | 5.1.0 | | +| | SMG#21 | | | | ETSI version change | | 5.1.1 | | +| | SMG#22 | 412/97
460/97 | A004
A003 | | Corrections and Alignments HSCSD
Introduction of 14.4 kbit/s | | 5.2.0 | | +| | SMG#22 | | | | ETSI version change | | 5.2.1 | | +| | SMG#27 | | | | Release 1997 version | | 6.0.0 | | +| | SMG#29 | | | | Release 1998 version | | 7.0.0 | | +| 12-1999 | TSG#06 | | | | Agreed to be created as a version 8 for Release 1999 | | 8.0.0 | | +| 03-2001 | TSG#11 | | | | Upgraded to Release 4 | 8.0.0 | 4.0.0 | | +| 03-2002 | TSG#15 | NP-010085 | 001 | | Terminology Clarifications as requested by TSG GERAN | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | | +| 04-2004 | CN#26 | | | | Upgraded to v6.0.0 | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | | +| 06-2006 | CT#36 | | | | Upgraded to v7.0.0 | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | | +| 12-2008 | CT#42 | | | | Upgraded to v8.0.0 | 7.0.0 | 8.0.0 | | +| 12-2009 | CT#46 | | | | Automatic upgrade from previous Release | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | | +| 03-2011 | CT#51 | | | | Automatic upgrade from previous Release version 9.0.0 | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | | +| 03-2011 | CT#51 | | | | Correction of heading and numbering made by MCC | 10.0.0 | 10.0.1 | | +| 09-2012 | CT#57 | | | | 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Architecture applied to GERAN ..... | 12 | +| 4.3 Protocol architecture in PS domain ..... | 13 | +| 4.3.1 General ..... | 13 | +| 4.3.2 User plane..... | 14 | +| 4.3.3 Control plane ..... | 14 | +| 4.4 Protocol architecture in CS domain ..... | 15 | +| 4.4.1 General ..... | 15 | +| 4.4.2 User plane..... | 15 | +| 4.4.3 Control plane ..... | 15 | +| 4.5 Iur-g interface..... | 16 | +| 4.5.1 General principles ..... | 16 | +| 4.5.2 Protocol architecture..... | 17 | +| 4.5.3 RNSAP protocol..... | 17 | +| 4.6 Support for MSC/SGSN in pool..... | 18 | +| 4.7 CS services for GERAN Iu-mode ..... | 18 | +| 4.8 User Equipment Specific Behaviour Information (UESBI) in GERAN Iu mode..... | 19 | +| 5 Radio Interface Protocol Architecture ..... | 19 | +| 5.1 Protocol Structure when connecting through Iu..... | 19 | +| 5.2 Multiplexing Principles ..... | 21 | +| 5.2.1 Multiplexing of different types of radio access bearers for one MS ..... | 21 | +| 5.2.2 Multiplexing of user plane data from different core network interfaces..... | 21 | +| 5.3 Iu vs A/Gb mode selection..... | 22 | +| 5.3.1 Introduction ..... | 22 | +| 5.3.2 PLMN, cell and mode (re-)selection in GERAN ..... | 22 | +| 6 User and Control Plane Protocols ..... | 23 | +| 6.1 Identifiers in GERAN..... | 23 | +| 6.1.1 IMSI, TMSI and P-TMSI ..... | 23 | +| 6.1.2 G-RNTI..... | 23 | +| 6.1.3 NSAPI, RAB ID and RB ID..... | 23 | +| 6.1.4 RB Id, RRB Id, and TFI ..... | 24 | +| 6.1.5 USF..... | 24 | +| 6.1.6 SAI..... | 24 | +| 6.1.7 BSC-id ..... | 24 | +| 6.1.8 LAI for 3G core network ..... | 24 | +| 6.1.9 RAI for the 3G core network..... | 25 | +| 6.1.10 GRA Identity ..... | 25 | +| 6.1.11 GERAN internal Cell Identity ..... | 25 | +| 6.2 Relay..... | 25 | +| 6.3 Radio Resource Control (RRC)..... | 25 | +| 6.3.1 RRC Functions ..... | 25 | +| 6.3.2 RRC Connection Levels..... | 26 | +| 6.3.3 RRC Connection Modes..... | 27 | +| 6.3.4 RRC Connection Mobility..... | 27 | +| 6.3.4.1 RRC Connection mobility in RRC-Idle mode..... | 27 | +| 6.3.4.2 RRC Connection mobility in RRC-Connected mode ..... | 27 | + +| | | | +|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 6.3.5 | RRC protocol and messages ..... | 28 | +| 6.3.6 | Support of Radio Bearers in GERAN ..... | 28 | +| 6.4 | Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ..... | 28 | +| 6.4.1 | Services provided to upper layers..... | 28 | +| 6.4.2 | Services expected from RLC layer..... | 29 | +| 6.4.3 | PDCP Functions ..... | 29 | +| 6.4.3.1 | Transparent Mode ..... | 29 | +| 6.4.3.2 | Non-Transparent Mode..... | 29 | +| 6.5 | Radio Link Control (RLC) ..... | 30 | +| 6.5.1 | Services provided to upper layer ..... | 30 | +| 6.5.2 | RLC Functions..... | 30 | +| 6.5.2.1 | Transparent Mode ..... | 30 | +| 6.5.2.2 | Non-Transparent Mode..... | 30 | +| 6.5.2.2.1 | Acknowledged Mode ..... | 30 | +| 6.5.2.2.2 | Unacknowledged Mode..... | 31 | +| 6.6 | Medium Access Control (MAC)..... | 31 | +| 6.6.1 | Services provided to upper layers..... | 31 | +| 6.6.2 | MAC Functions ..... | 31 | +| 6.6.2.1 | Additional functions for RLC transparent mode ..... | 32 | +| 6.6.2.2 | Additional functions for RLC non-transparent mode ..... | 32 | +| 6.6.3 | Model of MAC ..... | 32 | +| 6.6.4 | MAC operation..... | 33 | +| 6.6.4.1 | General ..... | 33 | +| 6.6.4.2 | TBF establishment ..... | 34 | +| 6.6.4.2.0 | General ..... | 34 | +| 6.6.4.2.1 | Uplink resource request from MAC-Idle state..... | 35 | +| 6.6.4.2.1.1 | Mobile Originated Transmission..... | 35 | +| 6.6.4.2.1.2 | Mobile Terminated Transmission..... | 35 | +| 6.6.4.3 | TBF multiplexing and scheduling..... | 36 | +| 6.6.4.3.1 | Multiplexing of RLC instances on TBFs ..... | 36 | +| 6.6.4.3.2 | Scheduling of TBFs on physical-layer resources..... | 36 | +| 6.6.4.4 | TBF release ..... | 36 | +| 6.6.4.5 | TBF reallocation ..... | 37 | +| 6.7 | RLC/MAC PDU Formats for different protocol modes..... | 37 | +| 6.7.1 | Acknowledged RLC mode ..... | 37 | +| 6.7.2 | Unacknowledged RLC mode ..... | 37 | +| 6.7.3 | Transparent RLC mode ..... | 37 | +| 6.8 | Physical Layer (Phy) ..... | 37 | +| 6.8.1 | Definitions ..... | 38 | +| 6.8.2 | Services provided to upper layer ..... | 38 | +| 6.8.2.1 | Specific services of the physical layer in the MS ..... | 38 | +| 6.8.3 | Logical Channels ..... | 38 | +| 6.8.3.1 | Traffic channels ..... | 38 | +| 6.8.3.2 | Control channels ..... | 39 | +| 6.8.3.2.1 | Broadcast channels..... | 39 | +| 6.8.3.2.2 | Common control type channels..... | 39 | +| 6.8.3.2.3 | Dedicated control channels ..... | 39 | +| 6.8.3.2.4 | Cell Broadcast Channel (CBCH) ..... | 39 | +| 6.8.4 | Basic Physical Subchannels ..... | 40 | +| 6.8.4.1 | DBPSCH - Dedicated Basic Physical SubCHannel ..... | 40 | +| 6.8.4.2 | SBPSCH - Shared Basic Physical SubCHannel ..... | 40 | +| 6.8.5 | Mapping of logical channels onto basic physical subchannels ..... | 40 | +| 6.8.5.1 | DBPSCH full rate ..... | 40 | +| 6.8.5.2 | DBPSCH half rate..... | 40 | +| 6.8.5.3 | SBPSCH full rate ..... | 41 | +| 6.8.5.4 | SBPSCH half rate ..... | 41 | +| 6.8.6 | Physical Layer Functions ..... | 42 | +| 6.8.7 | Channel Coding ..... | 42 | +| 6.6.8 | Enhanced Power control procedure..... | 44 | +| 6.8.8.1 | MS implementation..... | 45 | +| 6.8.8.1.1 | MS power control..... | 45 | +| 6.8.8.1.2 | MS link quality measurement reports ..... | 45 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 6.8.8.2 | BSS implementation ..... | 45 | +| 6.9 | Flexible Layer One (FLO)..... | 45 | +| 6.9.1 | General ..... | 45 | +| 6.9.2 | Definitions ..... | 45 | +| 6.9.3 | Principles ..... | 45 | +| 6.9.3.1 | General..... | 45 | +| 6.9.3.2 | Coding / multiplexing ..... | 46 | +| 7 | Ciphering..... | 47 | +| 7.1 | Location of ciphering in the GERAN protocol architecture ..... | 47 | +| 7.2 | Inputs to the ciphering algorithm ..... | 47 | +| 7.2.1 | Ciphering Key ..... | 47 | +| 7.2.2 | Bearer ..... | 48 | +| 7.2.3 | Direction..... | 48 | +| 7.2.4 | Length..... | 48 | +| 7.2.5 | Parameter Settings ..... | 48 | +| 8 | Integrity protection..... | 49 | +| 8.1 | Integrity protection on RRC messages..... | 49 | +| 8.2 | Integrity protection on RLC/MAC control messages ..... | 49 | +| 8.3 | Calculation of message authentication code ..... | 49 | +| 9 | Mobility Management and Session Management (MM and SM)..... | 49 | +| 10 | Sequence Diagrams Examples for Handover..... | 49 | +| Annex A (informative): | Radio Access Bearer Realization ..... | 50 | +| A.1 | Conversational Radio Access Bearer..... | 50 | +| A.2 | Streaming, Interactive, Background Radio Access Bearers ..... | 53 | +| A.2.1 | Streaming ..... | 53 | +| A.2.2 | Interactive..... | 55 | +| A.2.3 | Background ..... | 56 | +| Annex B (informative): | RLC/MAC Header format Convention..... | 57 | +| B.1 | GPRS RLC/MAC data block header ..... | 57 | +| B.1.1 | Downlink RLC/MAC data block header..... | 57 | +| B.1.2 | Uplink RLC/MAC data block header..... | 57 | +| B.2 | EGPRS RLC/MAC data block header ..... | 57 | +| B.2.1 | Downlink RLC/MAC data block header..... | 57 | +| B.2.2 | Uplink RLC/MAC data block header..... | 58 | +| B.3 | ECSD RLC/MAC data block header ..... | 59 | +| B.3.1 | Uplink and downlink RLC/MAC data block header..... | 59 | +| Annex C (informative): | RRP States, MAC States and RRP Connection Mobility ..... | 61 | +| C.1 | Void..... | 61 | +| C.2 | MAC states..... | 61 | +| C.2.1 | MAC-Dedicated state..... | 61 | +| C.2.1.1 | Transition from MAC-Dedicated state to MAC-Idle state..... | 61 | +| C.2.1.2 | Transition from MAC-Dedicated state to MAC-Shared state..... | 61 | +| C.2.1.3 | Transition from MAC-Dedicated state to MAC-DTM state ..... | 62 | +| C.2.2 | MAC-Shared state ..... | 62 | +| C.2.2.1 | Transition from MAC-Shared state to MAC-DTM state ..... | 62 | +| C.2.2.2 | Transition from MAC-Shared state to MAC-Idle state..... | 62 | +| C.2.2.3 | Transition from MAC-Shared state to MAC-Dedicated state..... | 62 | +| C.2.3 | MAC-Idle state..... | 62 | +| C.2.3.1 | Transition from MAC-Idle state to MAC-Dedicated state..... | 62 | +| C.2.3.2 | Transition from MAC-IDLE state to MAC-SHARED state ..... | 62 | +| C.2.4 | MAC-DTM state ..... | 62 | +| C.2.4.1 | Transition from MAC-DTM state to MAC-Dedicated state ..... | 62 | + +C.2.4.2 Transition from MAC-DTM state to MAC-Shared state .....62 + +C.3 Mapping between RRC States and MAC States .....63 + +Annex D (informative): Change history.....64 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document defines the stage 2 service description for a GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN). ITU-T Recommendation I.130 describes a three-stage method for characterisation of telecommunication services, and CCITT Q.65 defines stage 2 of the method. + +The present document illustrates how the services requested by a GSM/UMTS Core Network are realized by the GERAN. + +The main focus of the present document is on functionality related to the Iu interfaces. The aim of the present document is not to describe functionality related to the A and Gb interfaces in details. There is no detailed description of the interfaces towards the core network and only references are given to the appropriate specifications. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +## 2.1 Normative references + +- [1] 3GPP TS 25.410: "UTRAN Iu Interface: General Aspects and Principles". +- [2] 3GPP TS 25.411: "UTRAN Iu interface Layer 1". +- [3] 3GPP TS 25.412: "UTRAN Iu interface signalling transport". +- [4] 3GPP TS 25.413: "UTRAN Iu interface RANAP signalling". +- [5] 3GPP TS 25.414: "UTRAN Iu interface data transport & transport signalling". +- [6] 3GPP TS 25.415: "UTRAN Iu interface user plane protocols". +- [7] 3GPP TS 48.014: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Base Station System (BSS) - Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) interface; Gb interface Layer 1". +- [8] 3GPP TS 48.016: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Base Station System (BSS) - Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) interface; Network Service". +- [9] 3GPP TS 48.018: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Base Station System (BSS) - Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN); BSS GPRS Protocol (BSSGP)". +- [10] 3GPP TS 45.001: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Physical layer on the radio path; General description". +- [11] 3GPP TS 45.002: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path". +- [12] 3GPP TS 43.002: "Network Architecture". +- [13] 3GPP TS 48.001: "Base Station System - Mobile Services Switching Centre (BSS-MSC) Interface General Aspects". +- [14] 3GPP TS 48.002: "Base Station System - Mobile Services Switching Centre (BSS-MSC) Interface - Interface Principles". + +- [15] 3GPP TS 48.004: "Base Station System - Mobile Services Switching Centre (BSS-MSC) Interface Layer 1 Specification". +- [16] 3GPP TS 48.006: "Signalling Transport Mechanism Specification for the Base Station System - Mobile Services Switching Centre (BSS-MSC) Interface". +- [17] 3GPP TS 48.008: "Mobile Switching Centre - Base Station system (MSC-BSS) Interface Layer 3 Specification". +- [18] 3GPP TS 48.063: "Inband Tandem Free Operation (TFO) of Speech Codecs; Service Description; Stage 3". +- [19] 3GPP TS 25.420: "UTRAN Iur Interface: General Aspects and principles". +- [20] 3GPP TS 25.421: "UTRAN Iur Interface Layer 1". +- [21] 3GPP TS 25.422: "UTRAN Iur Interface signalling transport". +- [22] 3GPP TS 25.423: "UTRAN Iur Interface RNSAP signalling". +- [23] 3GPP TS 24.022: "Radio Link Protocol (RLP) for Circuit Switched Bearer and Teleservices". +- [24] 3GPP TS 44.018: "Radio Resource Control Protocol". +- [25] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Core Network Protocols - Stage 3". +- [26] 3GPP TS 44.060: "Radio Link Control / Medium Access Control (RLC/MAC) protocol". +- [27] 3GPP TS 45.008: "Radio subsystem Link Control". +- [28] 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, Addressing and Identification". +- [29] 3GPP TS 23.221: "Architectural requirements (Release 5)". +- [30] 3GPP TS 23.236: "Intra Domain Connection of RAN Nodes to Multiple CN Nodes". +- [31] 3GPP TS 23.195: "Provision of User Equipment Specific Behaviour Information (UESBI) to network entities". + +## 2.2 Informative references + +- [32] 3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service Description; Stage 2". +- [33] 3GPP TS 43.64: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Overall description of the GPRS radio interface; Stage 2". +- [34] 3GPP TS 23.034: "High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD); Stage 2". +- [35] 3GPP TS 41.004: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Abbreviations and acronyms". +- [36] ITU-T Recommendation I.130: "Method for the characterization of telecommunication services supported by an ISDN and network capabilities of an ISDN". +- [37] ITU-T Recommendation Q.65: "The unified functional methodology for the characterization of services and network capabilities including alternative object-oriented techniques". +- [38] 3GPP TS 23.153: "Out of Band Transcoder Control". +- [39] 3GPP TR 45.902: "Flexible Layer One". + +# 3 Symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------------| +| A | Interface between a BSS and a 2G MSC | +| Gb | Interface between a BSS and a 2G SGSN | +| Iu-cs | Interface between a BSS and a 3G MSC | +| Iu-ps | Interface between a BSS and a 3G SGSN | +| Iur-g | Interface between two BSSs | + +NOTE: whether the Iur-g interface is also used between a BSS and an RNC is FFS. + +| | | +|----|------------------------------| +| Um | Interface between MS and BSS | +|----|------------------------------| + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply. Additional applicable abbreviations can be found in 3GPP TS 41.004 [27] and 3GPP TS 43.064 [25]. + +| | | +|---------|--------------------------------------------| +| ADCH | Associated Dedicated CHannel | +| ARQ | Automatic Repeat reQuest | +| AS | Access Stratum | +| BCCH | Broadcast Control CHannel | +| BSS | Base Station Subsystem | +| CBCH | Cell Broadcast CHannel | +| CC | Call Control | +| CDCH | Control-plane DCH | +| CN | Core Network | +| CPBCCH | COMPACT PBCCH | +| CS-i | GPRS Coding Scheme i | +| DC | Dedicated Control | +| DCH | Dedicated CHannel | +| DLC | Data Link Control | +| DBPSCH | Dedicated Basic Physical Sub CHannel | +| ECSD | Enhanced Circuit Switched Data | +| EDGE | Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution | +| E-FACCH | Enhanced FACCH | +| E-IACCH | Enhanced Inband Associated Control CHannel | +| EGPRS | Enhanced GPRS | +| EPC | Enhanced Power Control | +| EPCCH | Enhanced Power Control CHannel | +| E-TCH | Enhanced TCH | +| FACCH | Fast Associated Control CHannel | +| FLO | Flexible Layer One | +| FPC | Fast Power Control | +| GC | General Control | +| GERAN | GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network | +| GPRS | General Packet Radio Service | +| GRA | GERAN Registration Area | +| G-RNTI | GERAN Radio Network Temporary Identity | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile Communications | +| IETF | Internet Engineering Task Force | +| IMSI | International Mobile Subscriber Identity | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| LCS | LoCation Services | +| MAC | Medium Access Control | +| MCS-i | EGPRS Modulation and Coding Scheme i | +| MM | Mobility Management | +| MS | Mobile Station | + +| | | +|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------| +| NAS | Non Access Stratum | +| NSAPI | Network layer SAPI | +| Nt | Notification | +| O-FACCH | Octal FACCH | +| O-TCH | Octal TCH | +| PBCCH | Packet BCCH | +| PDCH | Packet Data CHannel | +| PDCP | Packet Data Convergence Protocol | +| PDP | Packet Data Protocol | +| PDTCH | Packet Data TCH | +| PDU | Packet Data Unit | +| PLMN | Public Land Mobile Network | +| PTCCH | Packet Timing advance Control CHannel | +| P-TMSI | Packet TMSI | +| PUESBINE | Provision of UE Specific Behaviour Information to Network Entities | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RAB | Radio Access Bearer | +| RANAP | Radio Access Network Application Part | +| RB | Radio Bearer | +| RLC | Radio Link Control | +| RNSAP | Radio Network Subsystem Application Part | +| ROHC | Robust Header Compression | +| RRC | Radio Resource Control | +| RTP | Real Time Protocol | +| SACCH | Slow Associated Control CHannel | +| SACCH/TP | SACCH for enhanced power control | +| SAP | Service Access Point | +| SAPI | Service Access Point Identifier | +| SDCCH | Stand-alone Dedicated Control CHannel | +| SDU | Service Data Unit | +| SBPSCH | Shared Basic Physical Sub CHannel | +| TB | Transport Block | +| TBF | Temporary Block Flow | +| TCH | Traffic Channel | +| TCP | Transmission Control Protocol | +| TFC | Transport Format Combination | +| TFCI | Transport Format Combination Indicator | +| TFCS | Transport Format Combination Set | +| TLLI | Temporary Logical Link Identifier | +| TMSI | Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity | +| TrCH | Transport Channel | +| TTI | Transmission Time Interval | +| UDCH | User-plane DCH | +| UDP | User Datagram Protocol | +| UESBI | UE Specific Behaviour Information | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunication System | +| USF | Uplink State Flag | +| UTRAN | UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network | + +# --- 4 GERAN Architecture + +## 4.1 GERAN Reference Architecture + +The reference architecture of GERAN is illustrated in Figure 1. + +GERAN connects with 3 interfaces A, Gb and Iu interfaces to the core network. Any combination comprising one, two or three of these 3 interfaces is possible. Two Base Station Subsystems (BSS) may be connected to each other with an Iur-g interface. A BSS and an RNC may also be connected via an Iur-g interface. + +The mobile station shall operate using **only the following modes**: + +- a) **A/Gb mode**, e.g. for pre-Release 5 terminals, for Release 5 terminals when connected to a GERAN with no Iu interface towards the Core Network; +- b) **Iu mode** (i.e. Iu-CS and Iu-PS), e.g. for Release 5 terminals when connected to a GERAN with Iu interfaces towards the Core Network. + +Both modes must be supported by the standard and no other modes (e.g. A / Iu-PS or Iu-CS / Gb) shall be allowed. + +![Figure 1: GERAN reference architecture diagram. The diagram shows a GERAN (GSM EDGE Radio Access Network) block containing a BSS (Base Station Subsystem) and a BSC (Base Station Controller). The BSS is connected to the BSC via an Iur-g interface. The BSC is connected to two MS (Mobile Station) units via Um interfaces. The BSC is also connected to a UTRAN (UMTS Radio Access Network) block via an Iur-g interface. The UTRAN block contains an RNC (Radio Network Controller). The BSC is connected to a GSM/UMTS Core Network block via three interfaces: A, Gb, and Iu.](7f17c430b9598e4d748a8041457810b3_img.jpg) + +Figure 1: GERAN reference architecture diagram. The diagram shows a GERAN (GSM EDGE Radio Access Network) block containing a BSS (Base Station Subsystem) and a BSC (Base Station Controller). The BSS is connected to the BSC via an Iur-g interface. The BSC is connected to two MS (Mobile Station) units via Um interfaces. The BSC is also connected to a UTRAN (UMTS Radio Access Network) block via an Iur-g interface. The UTRAN block contains an RNC (Radio Network Controller). The BSC is connected to a GSM/UMTS Core Network block via three interfaces: A, Gb, and Iu. + +**Figure 1: GERAN reference architecture** + +The functional split within a BSS is implementation-dependent. + +## 4.2 UMTS Architecture applied to GERAN + +This clause describes the GERAN architecture when it connects to the core network through an Iu interface. Figure 2 shows the assumed UMTS architecture as outlined in 3GPP TS 23.110. GERAN is showed instead of UTRAN. The figure below shows the UMTS architecture in terms of its entities Mobile Station, GERAN and Core Network. The respective reference points Um (Radio Interface) and Iu (CN-RAN reference) are shown. The figure illustrates furthermore the high-level functional grouping into the Access Stratum and the Non-Access Stratum. + +The Access Stratum offers services through the following Service Access Points (SAP) to the Non-Access Stratum: + +- General Control (GC) SAPs; +- Notification (Nt) SAPs; and +- Dedicated Control (DC) SAPs. + +The SAPs are marked with circles in Figure 2. + +![Figure 2: UMTS Architecture applied to GERAN. This diagram shows the protocol stack for a Mobile Station (MS), GERAN, and Core Network. The MS contains a 'Non-Access Stratum' and an 'Access Stratum'. The GERAN also contains an 'Access Stratum'. The Core Network is on the right. Interfaces are labeled 'Radio (Um)' between MS and GERAN, and 'Iu' between GERAN and Core Network. Each stratum has three service interfaces labeled GC, Nt, and DC.](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +Figure 2: UMTS Architecture applied to GERAN. This diagram shows the protocol stack for a Mobile Station (MS), GERAN, and Core Network. The MS contains a 'Non-Access Stratum' and an 'Access Stratum'. The GERAN also contains an 'Access Stratum'. The Core Network is on the right. Interfaces are labeled 'Radio (Um)' between MS and GERAN, and 'Iu' between GERAN and Core Network. Each stratum has three service interfaces labeled GC, Nt, and DC. + +**Figure 2: UMTS Architecture applied to GERAN** + +This model can be further refined to distinguish the end AS entities, which provide the services to higher layers, from the local entities, which provide services over respectively the Um and the Iu reference point. Figure 3 presents the refined model. + +![Figure 3: Assumed GERAN Model. This diagram is a refined version of Figure 2. It shows the MS, GERAN, and Core Network. The MS has a 'Um Stratum' and an 'Access Stratum'. The GERAN has a 'Relay' entity and an 'Access Stratum'. The Core Network has an 'Iu Stratum' and an 'Access Stratum'. The interfaces are 'Radio (Um)' between MS and GERAN, and 'Iu' between GERAN and Core Network. Service interfaces GC, Nt, and DC are shown at the boundaries of the strata.](ddc7460821484f1ae2835c67955c554c_img.jpg) + +Figure 3: Assumed GERAN Model. This diagram is a refined version of Figure 2. It shows the MS, GERAN, and Core Network. The MS has a 'Um Stratum' and an 'Access Stratum'. The GERAN has a 'Relay' entity and an 'Access Stratum'. The Core Network has an 'Iu Stratum' and an 'Access Stratum'. The interfaces are 'Radio (Um)' between MS and GERAN, and 'Iu' between GERAN and Core Network. Service interfaces GC, Nt, and DC are shown at the boundaries of the strata. + +**Figure 3: Assumed GERAN Model** + +## 4.3 Protocol architecture in PS domain + +### 4.3.1 General + +Specifications and more detailed descriptions of the Iu-ps interface protocols and architecture can be found in [1-6]. + +Specifications and more detailed descriptions of the Gb interface protocols and architecture can be found in [7-9]. + +The Um interface protocols are described in clauses 5 and 6. + +### 4.3.2 User plane + +Figure 4 shows the user plane for GERAN connected to a packet switched core network domain. For reference, GPRS and UMTS protocol stacks when connected to the packet switched core network domain are described in 3GPP TS 23.060 [24]. + +![Figure 4: User Plane protocols towards Packet Switched Core Network domain. This diagram illustrates the protocol stacks for the User Plane across three entities: MS (Mobile Station), GERAN (GSM EDGE Radio Access Network), and SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node). The MS stack includes SNDPCP, LLC, PDCP, Ack/Unack RLC, MAC, and PHY. The GERAN stack includes a Relay, PDCP, RLC, MAC, PHY, BSSGP, Network Service, IP/FR, L2, and L1. The SGSN stack includes SNDPCP, LLC, BSSGP, Network Service, FR/IP, L2, and L1. The interfaces shown are Um between MS and GERAN, Gb between GERAN and SGSN, and lu-ps between the SGSN and the core network. A legend indicates that common protocols are shaded dark grey, lu influenced protocols are light grey, and Gb influenced protocols are white.](a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg) + +Figure 4: User Plane protocols towards Packet Switched Core Network domain. This diagram illustrates the protocol stacks for the User Plane across three entities: MS (Mobile Station), GERAN (GSM EDGE Radio Access Network), and SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node). The MS stack includes SNDPCP, LLC, PDCP, Ack/Unack RLC, MAC, and PHY. The GERAN stack includes a Relay, PDCP, RLC, MAC, PHY, BSSGP, Network Service, IP/FR, L2, and L1. The SGSN stack includes SNDPCP, LLC, BSSGP, Network Service, FR/IP, L2, and L1. The interfaces shown are Um between MS and GERAN, Gb between GERAN and SGSN, and lu-ps between the SGSN and the core network. A legend indicates that common protocols are shaded dark grey, lu influenced protocols are light grey, and Gb influenced protocols are white. + +**Figure 4: User Plane protocols towards Packet Switched Core Network domain** + +The lu-ps protocol stack is inherited from UMTS specifications (Ref. 1-6). However, GERAN expects more transport layer options than ATM (3GPP Work Item "IP Transport in UTRAN"). + +### 4.3.3 Control plane + +Figure 5 shows a high level view of the control plane for GERAN when connected to a packet switched core network domain. For reference, GPRS and UMTS Control Plane protocol stacks when connected to the packet switched core network domain are depicted in Figures 7 of [24] and 8 of [24] respectively. + +![Figure 5: Control Plane protocols towards Packet Switched Core Network domain. This diagram illustrates the protocol stacks for the Control Plane across three entities: MS (Mobile Station), GERAN (GSM EDGE Radio Access Network), and SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node). The MS stack includes GMM/SM, LLC, RR/RRC, Ack/Unack RLC, MAC, and PHY. The GERAN stack includes a Relay, RRC/RR, LAPDm, RLC, MAC, PHY, BSSGP, Network Service, IP/FR, L2, and L1. The SGSN stack includes GMM/SM, LLC, BSSGP, Network Service, FR/IP, L2, and L1. The interfaces shown are Um between MS and GERAN, Gb between GERAN and SGSN, and lu-ps between the SGSN and the core network. A legend indicates that common protocols are shaded dark grey, lu influenced protocols are light grey, and Gb influenced protocols are white.](d17f75945bbb3feb84a153ecfedb9b81_img.jpg) + +Figure 5: Control Plane protocols towards Packet Switched Core Network domain. This diagram illustrates the protocol stacks for the Control Plane across three entities: MS (Mobile Station), GERAN (GSM EDGE Radio Access Network), and SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node). The MS stack includes GMM/SM, LLC, RR/RRC, Ack/Unack RLC, MAC, and PHY. The GERAN stack includes a Relay, RRC/RR, LAPDm, RLC, MAC, PHY, BSSGP, Network Service, IP/FR, L2, and L1. The SGSN stack includes GMM/SM, LLC, BSSGP, Network Service, FR/IP, L2, and L1. The interfaces shown are Um between MS and GERAN, Gb between GERAN and SGSN, and lu-ps between the SGSN and the core network. A legend indicates that common protocols are shaded dark grey, lu influenced protocols are light grey, and Gb influenced protocols are white. + +**Figure 5: Control Plane protocols towards Packet Switched Core Network domain** + +NOTE: The lu-ps protocol stack is inherited from UMTS specifications (Ref. 1-6). However, GERAN expects more transport layer options than ATM (3GPP Work Item "IP Transport in UTRAN"). + +NOTE: RRC uses the services of LAPDm only on broadcast control channels. + +## 4.4 Protocol architecture in CS domain + +### 4.4.1 General + +Specifications and more detailed descriptions of the Iu-cs interface protocols and architecture can be found in [1-6]. + +Specifications and more detailed descriptions of the A interface protocols and architecture can be found in [13-18]. The RLP Protocol is found in [23]. + +The Um interface protocols are described in clauses 5 and 6. + +Within GERAN, speech and data frames will be transmitted at the radio interface using a specific channel coding. As the support of transceivers with limited capabilities has to be assured, the capabilities provided by the GERAN have to be taken into account by the CN during call set-up and Relocation. Additionally, in case a RAB has to be established or relocated for CS services, it is required that the GERAN BSC receives specific information from the MSC-Server. + +### 4.4.2 User plane + +Figure 6 shows the user plane for GERAN connected to a circuit switched core network domain + +![Figure 6: User Plane protocols towards Circuit-Switched Core Network domain. The diagram illustrates the protocol stacks for MS, GERAN, 3G-MSC, and 2G-MSC. MS stack: AMR, RLP, RLC, MAC, PHY. GERAN stack: AMR, RLP, RLC, MAC, PHY, with a 'Transcoding/TRAU "Relay"' block above the PHY. 3G-MSC stack: AMR, RLP, Framing Protocol (25.415), AAL-2 SAR SSCS, AAL2/ATM, L1. 2G-MSC stack: RLP, G.711/TFO, L1. Interfaces: Um (MS to GERAN), A (GERAN to 3G-MSC), Iu-cs (3G-MSC to 2G-MSC). Legend: Common protocols (dark grey), Iu influenced protocols (medium grey), A influenced protocols (light grey).](18722c46c9e8475524e634dedd08bac2_img.jpg) + +Figure 6: User Plane protocols towards Circuit-Switched Core Network domain. The diagram illustrates the protocol stacks for MS, GERAN, 3G-MSC, and 2G-MSC. MS stack: AMR, RLP, RLC, MAC, PHY. GERAN stack: AMR, RLP, RLC, MAC, PHY, with a 'Transcoding/TRAU "Relay"' block above the PHY. 3G-MSC stack: AMR, RLP, Framing Protocol (25.415), AAL-2 SAR SSCS, AAL2/ATM, L1. 2G-MSC stack: RLP, G.711/TFO, L1. Interfaces: Um (MS to GERAN), A (GERAN to 3G-MSC), Iu-cs (3G-MSC to 2G-MSC). Legend: Common protocols (dark grey), Iu influenced protocols (medium grey), A influenced protocols (light grey). + +**Figure 6: User Plane protocols towards Circuit-Switched Core Network domain** + +NOTE: The figure only shows existing Release 99 Transport layer options for A and Iu-cs. + +NOTE: The Iu-cs protocol stack is inherited from UMTS specifications [1-6]. However, GERAN expects more transport layer options than ATM (3GPP Work Item “IP Transport in UTRAN”). + +### 4.4.3 Control plane + +Figure 7 shows the control plane for GERAN connected to a circuit switched core network domain. + +![Figure 7: Control Plane Protocols towards Circuit-Switched Core Network Domain. The diagram shows the protocol stacks for MS, GERAN, and MSC. MS stack: MM/UMM/CC/SS, RRC, RR, RLC, MAC, PHY. GERAN stack: MM/UMM/CC/SS, BSSAP, SCCP, MTP, As Iu, L1. MSC stack: MM/UMM/CC/SS, RANAP, SCCP, MTP3-B, SSCF-NNI, SSOP, L2 (AAL5), L1. Interfaces: Um (MS to GERAN), Iu-cs (GERAN to MSC), A (MSC to GERAN). A legend indicates: Common protocols (dark grey), Iu influenced protocols (medium grey), A influenced protocols (light grey).](1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg) + +Figure 7: Control Plane Protocols towards Circuit-Switched Core Network Domain. The diagram shows the protocol stacks for MS, GERAN, and MSC. MS stack: MM/UMM/CC/SS, RRC, RR, RLC, MAC, PHY. GERAN stack: MM/UMM/CC/SS, BSSAP, SCCP, MTP, As Iu, L1. MSC stack: MM/UMM/CC/SS, RANAP, SCCP, MTP3-B, SSCF-NNI, SSOP, L2 (AAL5), L1. Interfaces: Um (MS to GERAN), Iu-cs (GERAN to MSC), A (MSC to GERAN). A legend indicates: Common protocols (dark grey), Iu influenced protocols (medium grey), A influenced protocols (light grey). + +**Figure 7: Control Plane Protocols towards Circuit-Switched Core Network Domain** + +NOTE: The Iu-cs protocol stack is inherited from UMTS specifications [1-6]. However, GERAN expects more transport layer options than ATM (3GPP Work Item “IP Transport in UTRAN”). + +NOTE: RRC uses the services of LAPDm only on broadcast control channels. + +## 4.5 Iur-g interface + +### 4.5.1 General principles + +The support of the Iur-g interface in GERAN is optional. It should be noted however that this allows for registration areas to span across several BSS (and possibly RNS) areas. Registration areas may refer to GRAs or URAs. + +The general principles for the specification of the Iur-g interface are as follows: + +- the Iur-g interface should be open; +- the use of the Iur-g interface may be used for Mobile Stations operating in Iu mode but not for Mobile Stations operating in *A/Gb mode*; +- the Iur-g interface shall support the exchange of signaling information between two BSSs, or between a BSS and an RNC; +- from a logical standpoint, the Iur-g is a point to point interface between two BSSs or between a BSS and an RNC. A point to point logical interface should be feasible even in the absence of a physical direct connection between the two entities; +- the behaviour of the MS shall be independent of the presence of the Iur-g interface or of the presence of any of its planes. + +When specifying the Iur-g interface, it is deemed necessary to introduce a separation between the Radio Network functionality and the Transport Network functionality to facilitate introduction of future technology (see Figure 8). + +![Figure 8: Separation of Radio Network Protocols and transport over the Iur-g interface. The diagram shows two layers: the Radio Network layer at the top containing 'Radio Signalling Protocols' and the Transport layer at the bottom containing 'Signalling Bearer'. A double-headed arrow connects the two layers.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +Figure 8: Separation of Radio Network Protocols and transport over the Iur-g interface. The diagram shows two layers: the Radio Network layer at the top containing 'Radio Signalling Protocols' and the Transport layer at the bottom containing 'Signalling Bearer'. A double-headed arrow connects the two layers. + +**Figure 8: Separation of Radio Network Protocols and transport over the Iur-g interface** + +### 4.5.2 Protocol architecture + +Figure 9 represents the protocol architecture for Iur-g interface. It is based on the UTRAN Iur protocol architecture, where only the control plane of the protocol is used for Iur-g. See [19-22]. + +The Radio Network Subsystem Application Part (RNSAP) for GERAN contains a sub-set of the UTRAN RNSAP procedures. However the contents of the messages used over Iur-g might differ. + +**NOTE:** The Transport Network protocols shown here are adopted from UTRAN Release 99, although they are subject to change for GERAN Release 5 and this figure will be modified accordingly. + +![Figure 9: Iur-g Protocol Architecture. The diagram shows the protocol stack for the Iur-g interface. The top layer is the Radio Network Layer, which contains the Control Plane (RNSAP). Below it is the Transport Network Layer, which is divided into the Transport Network User Plane and the Transport Network Control Plane. The Control Plane contains SCCP, MTP3-B, M3UA, SSCF-NNI, SCTP, SSCOP, IP, AAL5, ATM, and Physical layers. The User Plane contains the same layers as the Control Plane, except for the SCCP and MTP3-B layers.](29f586959675cafdf81cf934954908eb_img.jpg) + +Figure 9: Iur-g Protocol Architecture. The diagram shows the protocol stack for the Iur-g interface. The top layer is the Radio Network Layer, which contains the Control Plane (RNSAP). Below it is the Transport Network Layer, which is divided into the Transport Network User Plane and the Transport Network Control Plane. The Control Plane contains SCCP, MTP3-B, M3UA, SSCF-NNI, SCTP, SSCOP, IP, AAL5, ATM, and Physical layers. The User Plane contains the same layers as the Control Plane, except for the SCCP and MTP3-B layers. + +**Figure 9: Iur-g Protocol Architecture** + +### 4.5.3 RNSAP protocol + +The protocol responsible for providing signaling information across the Iur-g interface is called the Radio Network Subsystem Application Part (RNSAP). The RNSAP is terminated by the two BSSs or the BSS and the RNC interconnected via the Iur-g interface RNSAP Procedure Modules. + +RNSAP procedures as defined in UTRAN are divided into four modules as follows: + +1. RNSAP Basic Mobility Procedures; +2. RNSAP DCH Procedures; +3. RNSAP Common Transport Channel Procedures; +4. RNSAP Global Procedures. + +In case of GERAN Iur-g, only RNSAP Basic Mobility Procedures and RNSAP Global Procedures are adopted from UTRAN and modified as necessary. Table 1 lists elementary procedures that are used with RNSAP in Iur-g interface. These are Class 2 procedures that do not require response and are always considered successful. + +The Basic Mobility Procedures module contains procedures used to handle the mobility within GERAN, while the Global Procedures module contains procedures that are not related to a specific MS. + +**Table 1: Elementary Procedures** + +| Elementary Procedure | Initiating Message | +|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------| +| Uplink Signaling Transfer | UPLINK SIGNALLING TRANSFER INDICATION | +| Downlink Signaling Transfer | DOWNLINK SIGNALLING TRANSFER REQUEST | +| SRNS Relocation Commit | SRNS RELOCATION COMMIT | +| Paging | PAGING REQUEST | +| Error Indication | ERROR INDICATION | + +## 4.6 Support for MSC/SGSN in pool + +The stage 2 description on how the MSC/SGSN in pool concept is supported in the BSS and MS in GERAN Iu mode is described in [31]. + +## 4.7 CS services for GERAN Iu-mode + +### Call Set-up: + +In case of a call set-up towards the CS domain, the BSC shall provide GERAN specific capabilities in the "GERAN Classmark" within the INITIAL UE MESSAGE to the MSC-Server of the serving cell that have to be taken into account by the MSC-Server during call set-up (e.g. to negotiate a speech codec [38]). + +To be able to set-up an appropriate RB with the corresponding channel coding for a CS service, the BSC will receive specific information within the "GERAN BSC Container" from the MSC-Server within the RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message. + +In case the MS moves to a new cell during the period between the transmission of the INITIAL UE MESSAGE and the reception of the RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message, the RAB Assignment may fail, as the BSC may not be able to set-up the requested RB, because different capabilities are provided in that new cell. In this case the BSC shall report the unsuccessful RAB establishment to the CN by indicating an appropriate cause value within the RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message and shall include the "GERAN Classmark" of the new cell. Based on the received "GERAN Classmark" the MSC-Server may re-attempt the RAB Assignment procedure. + +### Relocation: + +In case the whole RAN provides the same capabilities with regard to CS services, the exchange of the "GERAN Classmark" between RAN and CN is not required during the Relocation procedure. + +In case the whole RAN does not provide the same capabilities with regard to CS services, the exchange of the "GERAN Classmark" between RAN and CN is required during the Relocation procedure to avoid that the CN has to store cell related information and to be able to reuse the existing Relocation procedure inside the CN. The exchange of the "GERAN Classmark" shall be performed as follows: In case of Relocation to GERAN Iu-mode, the Source RAN-node shall transfer the "GERAN Classmark" of the GERAN target cell to the MSC-Server within the RELOCATION REQUIRED message, which has to be taken into account by the CN during the execution of the Relocation procedure. + +To be able to set-up an appropriate RB with the corresponding channel coding in the target cell for a CS service, the Target BSC will receive the requested specific information within the “GERAN BSC Container” from the MSC-Server within the RELOCATION REQUEST message. + +In case the target BSC cannot allocate radio resources corresponding to the “GERAN BSC Container” content, received within the RELOCATION REQUEST message, the BSC shall report this failure event by including an appropriate cause value within the RELOCATION FAILURE message to the MSC-Server. In this case the target BSC shall additionally include the "GERAN Classmark" of the target cell in the RELOCATION FAILURE message sent to the MSC-Server. If the MSC-Server receives a RELOCATION FAILURE message indicating “GERAN Iu-mode failure“, the MSC-Server shall report this relocation failure to the source RAN node. Optionally, if the received "GERAN Classmark" shows that the requested CS service is incompatible with the transceiver capabilities of the target cell, the MSC-Server may initiate a second handover attempt towards the target BSC taking the received "GERAN Classmark" into account. + +## 4.8 User Equipment Specific Behaviour Information (UESBI) in GERAN Iu mode + +The Provision of User Equipment Specific Behaviour Information to network entities (PUESBINE) feature is described in 3GPP TS 23.195 [31]. The PUESBINE feature is supported in GERAN Iu mode as in UTRAN and in GERAN, it is applicable only to the UMTS functionality and GERAN to UTRAN handovers. + +# --- 5 Radio Interface Protocol Architecture + +The radio interface protocol architecture when GERAN connects to A or Gb interface is the same as defined in earlier releases. The clause below describes the protocol architecture when connecting through an Iu interface to the CN. Whether the protocol structure described in this clause (5) is also applicable for an evolved A interface is for further study. The multiplexing principles of data coming from the different CN interfaces (A, Gb and Iu) are illustrated in clause 5.3. + +## 5.1 Protocol Structure when connecting through Iu + +The radio interface is layered into three protocol layers: + +- the physical layer (L1); +- the data link layer (L2); +- the network layer (L3). + +Layer 2 is split into the following sublayers: Radio Link Control (RLC), Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP). RLC/MAC is used as layer 2 in the control plane below RRC, except for operation on the BCCH, where DL is used. Whether the Broadcast/Multicast Control (BMC) protocol described in 25.301 is needed is for further study. + +The protocol architecture is divided into Control (C-) and User (U-) planes. The RLC and MAC protocols and the physical layer carries data from both C- and U-plane. PDCP exists in the U-plane only. + +In the C-plane, Layer 3 is partitioned into sublayers where the lowest sublayer, denoted as Radio Resource Control (RRC), interfaces with layer 2 and terminates in the GERAN. The next sublayer provides 'Duplication avoidance' functionality as specified in 3GPP TS 24.007. It terminates in the CN but is part of the Access Stratum; it provides the Access Stratum Services to higher layers. The higher layer signalling such as Mobility Management (MM) and Call Control (CC) are assumed to belong to the non-access stratum, and therefore not in the scope of 3GPP TSG GERAN. On the general level, the protocol architecture is similar to the current ITU-R protocol architecture, ITU-R M.1035. + +Figure 10 shows the radio interface protocol architecture. Each block in Figure 10 represents an instance of the respective protocol. Service Access Points (SAP) for peer-to-peer communication are marked with circles at the interface between sublayers. The SAP between MAC and the physical layer provides the logical channels when Flexible Layer One is not used, and transport channels when Flexible Layer One is used. In the C-plane, the interface between 'Duplication avoidance' and higher L3 sublayers (CC, MM) is defined by the General Control (GC), Notification (Nt) and Dedicated Control (DC) SAPs. A description of these SAPs can be found in 3GPP TS 23.110. + +Also shown in the figure are connections between RRC and MAC as well as RRC and L1 providing local inter-layer control services. An equivalent control interface exists between RRC and the RLC sublayer, between RRC and the PDCP sublayer. These interfaces allow the RRC to control the configuration of the lower layers. For this purpose separate Control SAPs are defined between RRC and each lower layer (PDCP, RLC, MAC, and L1). + +The GERAN can be requested by the CN to prevent loss of data according to the quality of service requirements [UMTS 23.107] of the bearer in question (i.e. independently of the handovers on the radio interface), as long as an inter-BSS handover does not take place. This is a basic requirement to be fulfilled by the GERAN retransmission functionality as provided by the RLC sublayer. However, in case of the inter-BSS handover, the prevention of the loss of data may not be guaranteed autonomously by the GERAN but relies on 'Duplication avoidance' functions in the CN. + +![Figure 10: Radio Interface protocol architecture diagram showing layers from PHY to C-plane signalling.](3da1a07cb87051bf616c9876db958cf0_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Radio Interface protocol architecture, organized into two main planes: C-plane signalling and U-plane information. + +- C-plane signalling:** Located on the left side, it includes a 'Duplication avoidance' block at the top, followed by 'GC', 'Nt', and 'DC' interfaces. Below this is the 'RRc' (Radio Resource Control) layer. The 'RRc' layer is connected to the 'PHY' (Physical) layer via 'control' interfaces. It also connects to the 'DL' (Downlink) block, which contains 'LAPDm' and 'BCCH' (Broadcast Control Channel) interfaces. +- U-plane information:** Located on the right side, it consists of multiple parallel data paths. Each path includes a 'PDCP' (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) layer, an 'RLC' (Radio Link Control) layer, and a 'MAC' (Medium Access Control) layer. The 'RRc' layer provides 'control' interfaces to the 'PDCP', 'RLC', and 'MAC' layers. The 'MAC' layer is connected to the 'PHY' layer. The 'PHY' layer is labeled with 'Logical channels'. + +The overall architecture shows the flow of data and control signals between the core network (C-plane) and the user equipment (U-plane) through the various protocol layers (PDCP, RLC, MAC, PHY). + +Figure 10: Radio Interface protocol architecture diagram showing layers from PHY to C-plane signalling. + +**Figure 10: Radio Interface protocol architecture** + +Figure 10 reflects the radio interface protocol architecture when connecting to the Iu interface and the Flexible Layer One is not used. + +Figure 11 below represents the radio interface protocol architecture in relation to the Flexible Layer One only. + +![Diagram of Radio Interface protocol architecture with FLO. The diagram shows five layers: RRC (Control-plane), PDCP (User-plane), RLC, MAC, and PHY. The RRC layer is connected to the PDCP layer. The PDCP layer is connected to the RLC layer. The RLC layer is connected to the MAC layer. The MAC layer is connected to the PHY layer. The PHY layer contains FLO (Flexible Layer One) blocks. The RRC layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the left. The RLC layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the right. The MAC layer is connected to the PHY layer via a vertical line on the right. The PHY layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the left. The RRC layer is connected to the PDCP layer via a vertical line on the left. The PDCP layer is connected to the RLC layer via a vertical line on the right. The RLC layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the right. The MAC layer is connected to the PHY layer via a vertical line on the right. The PHY layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the left. The RRC layer is connected to the PDCP layer via a vertical line on the left. The PDCP layer is connected to the RLC layer via a vertical line on the right. The RLC layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the right. The MAC layer is connected to the PHY layer via a vertical line on the right. The PHY layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the left.](a3472689858b068ef469213682965325_img.jpg) + +Diagram of Radio Interface protocol architecture with FLO. The diagram shows five layers: RRC (Control-plane), PDCP (User-plane), RLC, MAC, and PHY. The RRC layer is connected to the PDCP layer. The PDCP layer is connected to the RLC layer. The RLC layer is connected to the MAC layer. The MAC layer is connected to the PHY layer. The PHY layer contains FLO (Flexible Layer One) blocks. The RRC layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the left. The RLC layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the right. The MAC layer is connected to the PHY layer via a vertical line on the right. The PHY layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the left. The RRC layer is connected to the PDCP layer via a vertical line on the left. The PDCP layer is connected to the RLC layer via a vertical line on the right. The RLC layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the right. The MAC layer is connected to the PHY layer via a vertical line on the right. The PHY layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the left. The RRC layer is connected to the PDCP layer via a vertical line on the left. The PDCP layer is connected to the RLC layer via a vertical line on the right. The RLC layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the right. The MAC layer is connected to the PHY layer via a vertical line on the right. The PHY layer is connected to the MAC layer via a vertical line on the left. + +**Figure 11: Radio Interface protocol architecture with FLO** + +## 5.2 Multiplexing Principles + +### 5.2.1 Multiplexing of different types of radio access bearers for one MS + +GERAN can allocate multiple dedicated and shared basic physical subchannels to a mobile station. The allocation shall be consistent with the mobile station's capability (See GSM 05.02 [11]). + +Different types of Radio Access Bearer Services can be multiplexed for one MS using functionality of the MAC and/or the physical layers on one or more shared and/or dedicated basic physical subchannels. One radio bearer can only be mapped either on dedicated or shared basic physical subchannels. + +### 5.2.2 Multiplexing of user plane data from different core network interfaces + +Figure 12 shows the multiplexing principles on the network side of user plane data coming from different type of core network interfaces. User data from the Iu interface and user data from the Gb interface are multiplexed on MAC level, through shared basic physical subchannels, or on the physical layer, through different basic physical subchannels. User data coming from the A interface is multiplexed with user data from the Gb interface and user data from the Iu interface on the physical layer through different basic physical subchannels. + +![Diagram illustrating the multiplexing principles on the network side of user plane data flows coming from different interfaces (Iu, Gb, and A). The diagram shows four layers: PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY. Data flows from Iu and Gb interfaces pass through PDCP and RLC layers. Data flows from the A interface pass through the MAC layer. All data flows are multiplexed onto the PHY layer via logical channels.](e180f2b5fcbe8001554a7c0677cd3f82_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the protocol stack for user plane data flows on the network side. At the top, three interfaces are shown: Iu, Gb, and A. The Iu interface connects to a PDCP layer, which contains two RLC layers. The Gb interface connects to an RLC layer. The A interface connects to a MAC layer. All three interfaces (Iu, Gb, and A) have their data flows multiplexed onto the PHY layer at the bottom. The layers are separated by horizontal dashed lines, and the interfaces are labeled at the top. The label 'Logical channels' is placed near the bottom right, indicating the multiplexed data streams. + +Diagram illustrating the multiplexing principles on the network side of user plane data flows coming from different interfaces (Iu, Gb, and A). The diagram shows four layers: PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY. Data flows from Iu and Gb interfaces pass through PDCP and RLC layers. Data flows from the A interface pass through the MAC layer. All data flows are multiplexed onto the PHY layer via logical channels. + +Figure 12: Multiplexing principles on the network side of user plane data flows coming from different interfaces + +## 5.3 Iu vs A/Gb mode selection + +### 5.3.1 Introduction + +A GERAN cell can support either A/Gb mode only, or Iu mode only, or both modes. The support of each mode depends on the interfaces via which the GERAN is connected to the Core Network nodes. + +The support of each mode of operation by a GERAN cell is indicated in the broadcast system information messages, see subclause 6.3.1. + +Similarly, the mode(s) of operation a mobile station supports is indicated in information concerning radio aspects of the mobile station, made available to the radio access network, see [25]. Iu mode support may also be indicated implicitly at radio access by the mobile station. A mobile station can only operate either in A/Gb mode or in Iu mode at a given time. + +### 5.3.2 PLMN, cell and mode (re-)selection in GERAN + +The procedures for PLMN selection apply independently of the mode(s) supported by the cells belonging to the available PLMNs. + +The procedures for cell re-selection defined in *A/Gb mode* apply also in *Iu mode*. The cell re-selection may be under the control of the network or the mobile station, see [26]. + +In case cell re-selection is under control of the mobile station, cell re-selection shall only be based on radio criteria and not on which mode is supported by the neighbour cells, see [27]. The *Iu mode* shall be selected in the target cell if supported by both the cell and the mobile station unless otherwise ordered by the network. + +NOTE: The above text outlines the default mechanism of mode of operation selection and does not prohibit the introduction of a more flexible solution, which avoids unnecessary mode of operation changes, at a later stage. + +In case cell re-selection is under control of the network, the mode to apply in the target cell is provided by the network. + +NOTE: When a mobile station is allocated dedicated physical sub-channels, the maintenance of the radio resources is handled via handover procedures by the network. Irrespective of the mode of operation in the current cell, the network will select the mode of operation to apply in the target cell. + +Once the mode of operation has been chosen in the new cell, the relevant procedures to *A/Gb* or *Iu mode* apply. Procedures will be defined in *A/Gb* or *Iu mode* to allow for changing mode without changing cell. + +# --- 6 User and Control Plane Protocols + +This clause provides an overview on the user and control plane protocols of GERAN. For detailed description of each of the layer, please refer to the corresponding specification (see below). + +## 6.1 Identifiers in GERAN + +The identities listed below shall be used for an MS connected, via GERAN through an Iu interface, to the CN. The identities for an MS connected, via GERAN through a Gb interface, to the CN are defined in Release 99 and can be found in 3GPP TS 23.060. + +### 6.1.1 IMSI, TMSI and P-TMSI + +The International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI) and Packet Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (P-TMSI) are defined in 3GPP TS 23.003. + +### 6.1.2 G-RNTI + +A GERAN Radio Network Temporary Identity (G-RNTI) shall be allocated to a mobile station by the BSS when an RRC connection is established between this mobile station and the GERAN. It identifies the MS within GERAN and may be used the same way TLLI is currently used over the radio interface in (E)GPRS (*A/Gb mode*). The G-RNTI is defined in 3GPP TS 44.118. It is 32 bits in length and contains the serving BSC identity (SBSC-id) and the MS identity (S-RNTI) which is unique within the area of its serving BSC. + +### 6.1.3 NSAPI, RAB ID and RB ID + +The UMTS definitions and mapping amongst NSAPI, RAB ID and RB ID shall be used for GERAN 3GPP TS 23.060. + +The Network layer Service Access Point Identifier (NSAPI) and IMSI are used for network layer routing. In the MS, NSAPI identifies the PDP-SAP. In the SGSN and GGSN, NSAPI identifies the PDP context associated with an MM context. + +In communication with BSS across the Iu-ps and Um interfaces, the RAB ID is used to identify the radio access bearer and shall be identical to the NSAPI value. In the BSS, the RAB ID identifies the BSS RAB context. The RAB ID shall uniquely identify the RAB for a specific CN domain and a particular MS. + +GERAN establishes exactly one radio bearer to realize each RAB. Within the MS and the GERAN, the RB ID shall uniquely identify the radio bearer for a particular MS. + +### 6.1.4 RB Id, RRB Id, and TFI + +An RB Id (Radio Bearer Identity) identifies an RB (Radio Bearer). An RB Id has one of 32 possible values. Signalling radio bearers use RB Ids 0 to 4; user radio bearers use the rest. RB Ids are assigned at RB establishment and remain assigned until the radio bearer or the RRC connection is released. + +An RRB Id (Reduced Radio Bearer Identity) identifies a TBF on FACCH, SACCH, or SDCCH. An RRB Id has one of 8 possible values. For such TBFs carrying SRBs, RRB Ids are implicitly assigned when the DBPSCH is assigned. For such TBFs carrying URBs, the mapping between RB Id and RRB Id is given at RB setup. + +A TFI (Temporary Flow Identity) identifies a TBF (Temporary Block Flow) on PDTCHs. A TFI has one of 32 possible values. For SBPSCHs, when a TBF is established, one unique TFI is assigned across all SBPSCHs that carry the TBF. Uplink and downlink TFIs are independent, *i.e.*, assignment of a TFI in one direction does not constrain the TFI used in the other direction. The GERAN establishes the association between RB Id and TFI when the TBF is established. For DBPSCHs, TFIs are implicitly assigned to TBFs when the corresponding RB is allocated on the DBPSCH, and remain assigned until the RB is deallocated from the DBPSCH. For each RB on a DBPSCH, the TFI equals the RB Id. + +A TBF on one or more TCHs is the only user of the TCHs; hence, no specific MAC-layer identifier is needed. + +### 6.1.5 USF + +For a TBF on one or more PDTCHs, USF (Uplink State Flag) is sent in the downlink and identifies which TBF may use the next block (or blocks) on the uplink SBPSCH or DBPSCH. A USF has one of 8 values. + +A unique USF is assigned per timeslot for the duration of the TBF. The GERAN establishes the association between TFI and USFs when the TBF is established. + +### 6.1.6 SAI + +The SAI (Service Area Identifier) identifies a Service Area that consists of one or more GERAN and UTRAN cells. It is defined in [25]. The SAI is unique within the PLMN. The SAI is used over the Iu interface for mechanism such as inter-system handover, location services, charging etc. + +The SAI is constructed as follows: + +$$\text{SAI} = \text{MCC} + \text{MNC} + \text{LAC} + \text{SAC}$$ + +### 6.1.7 BSC-id + +Each BSC that supports the Iu interface will be allocated a BSC-id (Base Station Control Identifier). The BSC-id is constructed the same way as the RNC-id, which is defined in [25]. The BSC-id and the RNC-id are allocated from the same addressing space and are unique within the PLMN. The BSC-id together with the PLMN-id is used for addressing BSCs over the Iur-g and the Iu interface. + +### 6.1.8 LAI for 3G core network + +For the case the network does not support common Location Areas for the 2G and 3G CNs, a GERAN cell that supports Iu mode of operation needs to support an additional Location Area Identity (LAI) for the 3G CN [25] [26]. For the case the network supports common Location Areas for the 2G and 3G CN, a GERAN cell supporting both *A/Gb* and *Iu* modes of operation may not need an additional LAC for the 3G CN. The LAI is unique within the PLMN. + +The LAI is constructed as follows: + +$$\text{LAI} = \text{MCC} + \text{MNC} + \text{LAC}$$ + +NOTE: It is FFS whether the full LAC for the 3G CN needs to be broadcast in the cell. It might be possible to share part of it with the LAC for the 2G CN. + +### 6.1.9 RAI for the 3G core network + +For the case the network does not support common Routing Areas for the 2G and 3G CN, a GERAN cell that supports Iu mode of operation needs to support an additional Routing Area Identity for the 3G [25] [26]. For the case the network supports common Routing Areas for the 2G and 3G CN, a GERAN cell supporting both *A/Gb* and *Iu* modes of operation may not need an additional RAC for the 3G CN. The RAI is unique within the LAI. + +The RAI is constructed as follows: + +$$\text{RAI} = \text{LAI} + \text{RAC}$$ + +NOTE: It is FFS whether the full RAC for the 3G CN needs to be broadcast in the cell. It might be possible to share part of it with the RAC for the 2G CN. + +### 6.1.10 GRA Identity + +A GERAN Registration Area (GRA) is identified by the GRA Identity. GRAs consist of one or more cells and are allowed to overlap as well as to overlap BSCs/RNCs and LAs/RAs. One or more GRA Identities are broadcast in the cell. + +### 6.1.11 GERAN internal Cell Identity + +A GERAN cell identity (GC-id) will be used to address cells in GERAN. The GC-id consists of the BSC-id identifying the BSC controlling the cell and a cell identity CI unique within that BSC. The same CI is used to address the cell for both *A/Gb mode* and *Iu mode*. + +NOTE: In GERAN A/Gb mode, the CI is unique within the Location Area and in GERAN Iu mode, the CI needs to be unique within the BSC Area. + +## 6.2 Relay + +The relay function of GERAN functionality and whether some functions need to be standardized are FFS. + +## 6.3 Radio Resource Control (RRC) + +RRC is a layer 3 control plane protocol for radio resource management. + +### 6.3.1 RRC Functions + +The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer handles the control plane signalling of Layer 3 between the MSs and the GERAN. The RRC performs the following functions: + +- **Broadcast of information provided by the non-access stratum (Core Network):** The RRC layer performs system information broadcasting from the network to all MSs. The system information is normally repeated on a regular basis. The RRC layer performs the scheduling, segmentation and repetition when such broadcasting is carried on BCCH. This function supports broadcast of higher layer (above RRC) information. This information may be cell specific or not. As an example RRC may broadcast Core Network location service area information related to some specific cells. +- **Broadcast of information related to the access stratum (GERAN):** The RRC layer performs system information broadcasting from the network to all MSs. The system information is normally repeated on a regular basis. The RRC layer performs the scheduling, segmentation and repetition when such broadcasting is carried on BCCH. This function supports broadcast of typically cell-specific information. +- **Establishment, re-establishment, maintenance and release of an RRC connection between the MS and the GERAN:** The establishment of an RRC connection is initiated by a request from higher layers at the MS side to establish the first Signalling Connection for the MS. The establishment of an RRC connection includes an optional cell re-selection, an admission control, and a layer 2 signalling link establishment. The release of an RRC connection can be initiated by a request from higher layers to release the last Signalling Connection for the MS or by the RRC layer itself in case of RRC connection failure. In case of connection loss, the MS requests re-establishment of the RRC connection. In case of RRC connection failure, RRC releases resources associated with the RRC connection. +- **Establishment, reconfiguration and release of Radio Bearers:** The RRC layer can, on request from higher layers, perform the establishment, reconfiguration and release of Radio Bearers in the user plane. A number of Radio Bearers can be established to an MS at the same time. At establishment and reconfiguration, the RRC layer performs admission control and selects parameters describing the Radio Bearer processing in layer 2 and layer 1, based on information from higher layers. +- **Assignment, reconfiguration and release of radio resources for the RRC connection:** Depending on the RRC and MAC states, the RRC layer may handle the assignment of radio resources needed for the RRC connection including needs from both the control and user planes. The RRC layer may reconfigure radio resources during an established RRC connection. RRC indicates to the MS resource allocations for purposes of inter system handovers. + +- **RR connection mobility functions:** The RRC layer performs evaluation, decision and execution related to RRC connection mobility during an established RRC connection, such as handover, preparation of handover to UTRAN or other systems, cell re-selection and cell/GRA update procedures, based on e.g. measurements done by the MS. +- **Release of signalling connections:** The RRC layer provides the necessary functions for the GERAN or the MS to request the release of a signalling connection. +- **Paging/notification:** The RRC layer can broadcast paging information from the network to selected MSs on PCCH making use of the MAC layer services. Higher layers on the network side can request paging and notification. The RRC layer can also initiate paging during an established RRC connection. +- **Listening to BCCH:** The RRC layer may need to listen to the BCCH of the serving cell for working out whether Iu mode is supported in this cell. The RRC layer listens to the BCCH of neighbouring cells for neighbour cell measurements; the RRC layer also receives paging information on the PCCH. +- **Routing of higher layer PDUs:** This function performs at the MS side routing of higher layer PDUs to the correct higher layer entity, at the GERAN side to the correct RANAP entity. +- **Control of requested QoS:** This function shall ensure that the QoS requested for the Radio Bearers can be met. This includes the allocation of a sufficient number of radio resources. +- **MS measurement reporting and control of the reporting:** The measurements performed by the MS are controlled by the RRC layer including both GSM/EDGE air interface and other systems. The RRC layer is responsible for sending information that control the MS measurement reporting when using the SACCH channel. The RRC layer also performs the reporting of the measurements from the MS to the network using SACCH. +- **Power control:** The RRC layer controls parameters for normal power control, enhanced power control and fast power control. +- **Control of ciphering:** The RRC layer provides procedures for setting of ciphering (on/off) between the MS and GERAN. +- **Integrity protection:** This function controls integrity protection and performs integrity protection those RRC messages that are considered sensitive and/or contain sensitive information. +- **Support for Location Services.** Signaling between MS and GERAN to support positioning of an MS. +- **Timing advance control.** The RRC controls the operation of timing advance on dedicated basic physical subchannels. +- **Set-up, reconfiguration and release of the transport channels.** The RRC is responsible for the set-up, reconfiguration and release of the transport channels when FLO is used. + +### 6.3.2 RRC Connection Levels + +The different levels of RRC connection between MS and GERAN are listed below: + +- No signalling connection exists +The MS has no relation to GERAN, only to CN. For data transfer, a signalling connection has to be established. +- A signalling connection exists +There is an RRC connection between the MS and GERAN. The MS position can be known on different levels: + - GERAN Registration Area (GRA) level +The MS's position is known on GERAN registration area level. GRA is a specified set of cells, which can be identified in the PBCCH. + - Cell level +The MS's position is known on cell level. + +### 6.3.3 RRC Connection Modes + +Two modes of operation are currently defined for the MS, RRC-Idle mode and RRC-Connected mode. + +After power on, the MS in RRC-Idle mode may transmit a request to establish an RRC connection with the GERAN. In RRC-Idle mode the MS is identified by non-access stratum identities such as IMSI, TMSI and P-TMSI. In addition, the GERAN has no own information about the individual MSs in RRC-Idle mode, and can only address e.g. all MSs in a cell or all MSs monitoring a specific paging occasion. + +The RRC-Connected mode is entered when the RRC connection is established between the MS and the GERAN. The MS is assigned a radio network temporary identity (G-RNTI) to be used as MS identity. MS is identified within a GERAN with the G-RNTI. + +Three states are defined in RRC-Connected mode: RRC-Cell\_Shared state, RRC-Cell\_Dedicated state and RRC-GRA\_PCH state. + +In RRC-Cell\_Shared state, no dedicated basic physical subchannel is allocated to the MS and the position of the MS is known by GERAN on cell level; + +In RRC-Cell\_Dedicated state, the MS is assigned one or more dedicated basic physical subchannels in the uplink and downlink, which it can use anytime. Furthermore, the MS may be assigned one or more shared basic physical subchannels. The position of the MS is known by GERAN on cell level. + +In RRC-GRA\_PCH state, no basic physical subchannel is allocated to the MS. No uplink activity is possible. The location of the MS is known on GERAN Registration area level. + +The behaviour of the MS in each of these states is defined in 3GPP TS 44.118. + +The MS leaves the RRC-connected mode and returns to RRC-idle mode when the RRC connection is released or at RRC connection failure. + +### 6.3.4 RRC Connection Mobility + +#### 6.3.4.1 RRC Connection mobility in RRC-Idle mode + +When the mobile station is in RRC-Idle mode, the CN knows the location of the mobile station at RA or LA level depending on the CN domain. There is no knowledge of the MS location within the BSS and paging is required to trigger an RRC connection establishment prior to any transfer with the MS. Such establishment moves the MS to RRC-Connected mode. + +#### 6.3.4.2 RRC Connection mobility in RRC-Connected mode + +Handover procedures are used by the GERAN to control the mobility of the mobile station in RRC-Cell\_Dedicated state. Such procedures are used to completely modify the channels allocated to the mobile station, e.g. when the cell is changed. + +The GERAN is in charge of tracking the location of the mobile station, at cell or GRA level, when in RRC-Cell\_Shared state or RRC-GRA\_PCH state respectively. In such case, the CN to which a signalling connection is established knows the location of the mobile station at the BSS level. Cell Update and GRA update procedures are defined to let the serving BSS know about any cell or GRA change. + +Cell reselection to a new cell or new GRA may involve signalling exchanges between the mobile station and the source BSS through the Iur-g interface, depending on the mobile station's RRC state. A Serving BSS relocation may then be triggered by the source BSS. + +Upon cell update, serving BSS relocation is triggered. Upon GRA update, it is an implementation issue whether to trigger a serving BSS relocation or not. + +A cell can belong to several GRAs. + +It is FFS whether RRAs may also be defined. An RRA could cover both GERAN and UTRAN cells. Cell/RRA updates may then not be triggered though the MS is moving from a GERAN/UTRAN cell to a UTRAN/GERAN cell. + +### 6.3.5 RRC protocol and messages + +The RRC protocol and the related RRC messages are defined in [24]. + +Service Areas are defined in GERAN. RRC procedures are identified by RRC Transaction Identifiers. + +The procedures for inter-RAT cell change order between UTRAN and GERAN *A/Gb mode* are re-used when a cell change is ordered from/to a UTRAN cell to/from a GERAN cell in *Iu mode*. + +The procedures for inter-RAT handover between UTRAN and GERAN *A/Gb mode* are re-used for inter-mode handover between GERAN *Iu mode* and GERAN *A/Gb mode*. Further consideration is however required to assess whether procedures for handover within GERAN *A/Gb mode* can be re-used. + +### 6.3.6 Support of Radio Bearers in GERAN + +The RRC layer is responsible for setting up radio bearers in the U-plane and the C-plane. + +User Plane Radio Bearers are set-up when a Radio Access Bearer is required to be set-up by the Core Network. + +Control Plane Radio Bearers are established when an RRC connection is set-up by a Mobile Station. Those comprise a set of five Signalling Radio Bearers: + +- RB 0 is using DLC (as in Fig 10 of 43.051) and shall be used for all messages sent on the BCCH. +- RB 1 shall be used for all messages sent using RLC unacknowledged mode (RLC-UM). +- RB 2 shall be used for all messages sent using RLC acknowledged mode (RLC-AM), except for the RRC messages carrying higher layer (NAS) signalling. +- RB 3 and optionally RB 4 shall be used for all RRC messages carrying higher layer (NAS) signalling and sent using RLC acknowledged mode (RLC-AM). + +Association of RBs 1 to 4 and logical channels is provided by the MAC protocol. + +## 6.4 Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) + +This clause provides an overview on services and functions provided by the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP). A detailed description of the PDCP is given in 3GPP TS 25.323. + +### 6.4.1 Services provided to upper layers + +The following services are provided by PDCP to upper layers: + +- PDCP SDU delivery. + +### 6.4.2 Services expected from RLC layer + +- Data transfer in acknowledged mode. +- Data transfer in unacknowledged mode. +- Data transfer in transparent mode. +- Segmentation and reassembly. +- In-Sequence delivery. + +### 6.4.3 PDCP Functions + +For clarity reason, two PDCP modes are defined in the present document: transparent and non-transparent. The transparent and non-transparent modes relate respectively to the PDCP-no-header PDU and the PDCP-data PDU cases described in 3GPP TS 25.323. + +The functions performed by the PDCP are dependent on the PDCP mode used. + +#### 6.4.3.1 Transparent Mode + +The name "transparent" means that the PDCP layer does not change the incoming service data units (SDU), i.e. no header is added and possible TCP/IP or RTP/UDP/IP headers in the data are left untouched. + +The functions of the transparent mode of PDCP are: + +- **Transfer of user data;** +- **Relocation of PDCP buffer;** +- **PDCP SDU buffering.** + +#### 6.4.3.2 Non-Transparent Mode + +The functions of the non-transparent mode of PDCP are: + +- **Header adaptation** of the IP data streams; +- **Transfer of user data;** +- **PDCP SDU buffering;** +- **Relocation support appropriate to applicable QoS requirements;** +- **If adopted for UTRAN, multiplexing of radio bearers onto RLC entities.** + +Different header adaptation mechanisms may be used by the PDCP: + +- **Header compression:** Transport and network level headers (e.g. RTP/UDP/IP) are compressed in such a way that the decompressed headers are semantically identical to the original uncompressed headers. The IETF ROHC WG is responsible for standardising header compression schemes. Header compression is suited for standard internet applications that are not designed to work only with GERAN and especially for multimedia applications therefore the scheme will be used with generic realtime multimedia bearers. +- **Header removal:** Transport and network level headers (e.g. RTP/UDP/IP) are completely removed. Based on information submitted at call setup and based on information derived from lower layer (link & physical), the receiving entity can regenerate the headers. The primary application of header removal is the optimized speech bearer, and the regenerated header may not always be semantically identical to the original header. +- **No header adaptation:** Transport and network-level headers (e.g. RTP/UDP/IP) are forwarded. + +## 6.5 Radio Link Control (RLC) + +This clause provides an overview on services and functions provided by the Radio Link Control (RLC). A detailed description of the RLC is given in 3GPP TS 44.060 and 3GPP TS 44.160. + +### 6.5.1 Services provided to upper layer + +- **Transparent data transfer.** This service transmits higher layer PDUs without altering them nor adding any RLC protocol information. +- **Acknowledged data transfer.** This service transmits higher layer PDUs and guarantees delivery to the peer entity. +- **Unacknowledged data transfer.** This service transmits higher layer PDUs without guaranteeing delivery to the peer entity. +- **Notification of unrecoverable errors.** RLC notifies the upper layer of errors that cannot be resolved by RLC itself by normal exception handling procedures. +- **Notification of discard.** RLC notifies the upper layer of the higher layer PDUs (RLC SDUs) it discards. +- **A local suspend/resume function (FFS):** RLC operation may be suspended/resumed if requested by RRC. This service is used when the ciphering parameters need to be changed. +- **A stop/continue function (FFS):** RLC operation may be stopped/continued if requested by RRC. This service is used at Serving BSS relocation in order to synchronise the PDCP entities in the MS and BSS to realise a lossless relocation. +- **A reset function (FFS)** + +There is a single Radio Bearer per RLC instance. + +### 6.5.2 RLC Functions + +#### 6.5.2.1 Transparent Mode + +RLC has no functionality when operating in transparent mode. The incoming SDUs are transferred to the MAC layer without being altered. No upper layer protocol information is removed. No RLC protocol information is added. All necessary signalling is made out of band. + +#### 6.5.2.2 Non-Transparent Mode + +In non-transparent mode, the RLC is responsible for ciphering user data blocks (RLC PDUs). This function prevents unauthorized acquisition of data. + +##### 6.5.2.2.1 Acknowledged Mode + +RLC has support for the following functions in acknowledged mode. For a detailed description, see 3GPP TS 44.060 and 3GPP TS 44.160. + +- **Segmentation** of upper layer PDUs into RLC data blocks. +- **Concatenation** of upper layer PDUs into RLC data blocks. +- **Padding** to fill out an RLC data block. +- **Backward Error Correction (BEC)** procedures enabling the selective retransmission of RLC data blocks. As for EGPRS R'99, either selective type I hybrid ARQ or selective type II hybrid ARQ (incremental redundancy) is used. +- **Discard** of RLC SDUs not yet segmented into RLC PDUs, according to the delay requirements of the associated Radio Bearer. +- **Reassembly** of RLC data blocks into upper layer PDUs. +- **In-sequence delivery** of upper layer PDUs. +- **Link Adaptation.** +- **Ciphering.** + +##### 6.5.2.2.2 Unacknowledged Mode + +RLC has support for the following functions in unacknowledged mode. For a detailed description, see 3GPP TS 44.060 and 3GPP TS 44.160. No backward error correction procedure is supported in this mode. + +- **Segmentation** of upper layer PDUs into RLC data blocks. +- **Concatenation** of upper layer PDUs into RLC data blocks. +- **Padding** to fill out an RLC data block. +- **Reassembly** of RLC data blocks into upper layer PDUs. +- **Sequence number check** to detect lost RLC blocks. +- **In-order delivery** of upper layer PDUs. +- **Link Adaptation.** +- **Ciphering.** + +## 6.6 Medium Access Control (MAC) + +This clause provides an overview on services and functions provided by the Medium Access Control (MAC). A detailed description of the MAC is given in 3GPP TS 44.060 and 3GPP TS 44.160. + +### 6.6.1 Services provided to upper layers + +The MAC layer allows the transmission over the physical layer of upper layer PDUs from one mobile station when operating on a dedicated basic physical subchannel, or one or more mobile stations when operating on a shared basic physical subchannel. The MAC layer handles the access to and multiplexing onto the basic physical subchannels. MAC does not allow for operation on shared basic physical subchannels using FLO. + +- **Data transfer.** This service provides unacknowledged transfer of MAC SDUs between peer MAC entities. This service does not provide any data segmentation. Therefore, segmentation/reassembly function should be achieved by upper layer. + +### 6.6.2 MAC Functions + +The functions of MAC include: + +- **Configuring the mapping between logical channels and basic physical subchannels.** The MAC is responsible for configuring the mapping of logical channel(s) onto the appropriate basic physical subchannel(s). +- **Defining logical channels to be used for each radio bearer service.** This function includes mapping of signalling radio bearers onto logical channels. +- **Assignment, reconfiguration and release of shared radio resources for a TBF.** The MAC layer may handle the assignment of radio resources on SBPSCH(s) needed for a TBF including needs from both the control and user plane. The MAC layer may reconfigure radio resources of a TBF on SBPSCH(s). +- **MS measurement reporting and control of the reporting.** The MAC layer is responsible for sending information that control the MS measurement reporting when using PBCCH or PACCH channels. The MAC layer also performs the reporting of the measurements from the MS to the network using PACCH. +- **Broadcasting/listening of/to PBCCH and PCCCH.** The MAC layer broadcasts/listens (to) the PBCCH of the serving cell for the sending/decoding of packet system information messages. The MAC layer also sends paging information on the PCCCH and monitors the paging occasions according to the DRX cycle. Within the Mobile Station, the MAC layer notifies the RRC layer when receiving a paging message; within the network, it is responsible for aggregating and sending paging messages addressed to one or more Mobile Stations when received from the RRC layer. +- **Timing advance control.** The MAC layer controls the operation of timing advance on shared basic physical subchannels. + +The specific functions provided by the MAC protocol when FLO is used are listed below: + +- **Mapping between TBFs and transport channels.** The MAC is responsible for mapping of TBF(s) onto the appropriate transport channel(s). +- **Selection of the appropriate transport format per transport channel.** The MAC is responsible for selecting the appropriate transport format for each transport channel within the transport format set configured by RRC so that the resulting transport format combination on the coded composite transport channel belongs to the transport format combination set configured by RRC. +- **Priority handling between data flows of one MS.** + +#### 6.6.2.1 Additional functions for RLC transparent mode + +When MAC offers services to an RLC entity in transparent mode, the following function is also supported. + +- **Ciphering.** The MAC is responsible for ciphering user data blocks (MAC SDUs). + +#### 6.6.2.2 Additional functions for RLC non-transparent mode + +When MAC offers services to an RLC entity in non-transparent mode, the following functions are supported in addition to those listed in section 6.6.2. + +- **Ciphering.** The MAC layer is responsible for ciphering layer 2 control blocks (RLC/MAC PDUs). + +- **Identification of different traffic flows of one or more MSs on the basic physical subchannels.** Inband identification is needed to address a flow to an MS in the downlink or identify a flow from an MS in the uplink. +- **Multiplexing/demultiplexing of higher layer PDUs.** This function includes priority handling between data flows of one or more mobile stations, e.g. by attributes of Radio Bearer services. +- **Multiplexing/demultiplexing user and control plane data to/from the physical layer.** The MAC layer is responsible for multiplexing/demultiplexing RLC data blocks and RLC/MAC control blocks. +- **Scheduling of RLC/MAC data and control PDUs delivered to the physical layer on shared basic physical subchannels.** This includes USF and RRBG field monitoring for uplink transfer and sharing radio resources on the downlink. +- **Splitting/recombining.** This includes splitting/recombining of the RLC/MAC PDU flow belonging to one or more TBF(s) onto/from several shared logical channels. This function does not apply for RLC/MAC control blocks. + +### 6.6.3 Model of MAC + +The model presented in this section does not mandate how to implement the MAC layer. + +In this model, the functions of MAC are controlled by a MAC control entity and a MAC common control entity. + +The MAC control entity is specific to an MS. It is controlled by RRC; at RB establishment, the MAC control entity sets-up the functions needed to support the Radio Bearer. The MAC control entity can be in one of four states MAC-Idle state, MAC-Shared state, MAC-Dedicated state or MAC-DTM state, as defined in Annex C.2. The MAC functions listed in the above sub-sections do not apply in every MAC state. + +There is one and only one MAC control entity on the MS side. On the network side, there is one MAC control entity per MS. Additionally, there is one MAC common control entity per cell, which is responsible for the control of common channels and procedures. + +Figure 13 below shows an example of MAC model to realise a set of Radio Bearers on the MS side (user plane only), when FLO is not used. It shows the MAC Control Entity for that MS, together with some MAC functions that are used in this case. + +![Figure 13: Example of MAC functions for one user (MS side – user plane). The diagram shows the flow of data from the RLC layer through the MAC layer to the Physical layer. The RLC layer has four instances: one 'Transparent' and three 'Non-transp.'. The 'Non-transp.' instances connect to the MAC layer via Temporary Block Flows (TBFs). The MAC layer contains a 'CONTROL ENTITY' with 'Ciphering', 'Multiplexing Scheduling(1)', and 'Splitting / Recombining' functions. The 'Transparent' RLC instance connects to the Physical layer via a TCH. The 'Non-transp.' RLC instances connect to the Physical layer via PDTCHs. The Physical layer has five transport channels: DBPSCH, SBPSCH, SBPSCH, SBPSCH, and DBPSCH. The TCH and PDTCHs are mapped to these transport channels through various SAPs marked with (*), (**), and (1).](b5335262987c819d7f71ce40f99cb71b_img.jpg) + +Figure 13: Example of MAC functions for one user (MS side – user plane). The diagram shows the flow of data from the RLC layer through the MAC layer to the Physical layer. The RLC layer has four instances: one 'Transparent' and three 'Non-transp.'. The 'Non-transp.' instances connect to the MAC layer via Temporary Block Flows (TBFs). The MAC layer contains a 'CONTROL ENTITY' with 'Ciphering', 'Multiplexing Scheduling(1)', and 'Splitting / Recombining' functions. The 'Transparent' RLC instance connects to the Physical layer via a TCH. The 'Non-transp.' RLC instances connect to the Physical layer via PDTCHs. The Physical layer has five transport channels: DBPSCH, SBPSCH, SBPSCH, SBPSCH, and DBPSCH. The TCH and PDTCHs are mapped to these transport channels through various SAPs marked with (\*), (\*\*), and (1). + +(\*) : Such a SAP is created, re-configured and released by RRC ——— User plane data + (\*\*) : Such a SAP is created, re-configured and released by MAC - - - - - Control plane data + (1) : The scheduling function in this figure includes multiplexing user and control plane data and appending a MAC (possibly combined RLC/MAC) header to the MAC SDU. + +**Figure 13. Example of MAC functions for one user (MS side – user plane)** + +### 6.6.4 MAC operation + +#### 6.6.4.1 General + +The MAC layer uses TBFs (Temporary Block Flows) to offer data transport between peer RLC instances. The MAC layer supports transport of data between multiple peer RLC instances established in a single MS and the GERAN. + +When FLO is used [38], the MAC layer offers TBFs to the RLC layer. Three different DCHs are introduced, namely CDCH (Control-plane DCH), UDCH (User-plane DCH) and ADCH (Associated DCH). While CDCH and UDCH are used exclusively for transmission of RLC/MAC blocks for data transfer (from control-plane and user-plane, respectively), ADCH is used exclusively for transmission of RLC/MAC control blocks. CDCH and ADCH use the signalling TFC(s) as follows: + +- On a DBPSCH/F, one signalling TFC is used for all RLC/MAC blocks. +- On a DBPSCH/H, two signalling TFCs are used. The MAC layer transmits every RLC/MAC block twice in a row. The first and second transport blocks used by the RLC/MAC block use the first and second signalling TFCs, respectively. + +![Diagram illustrating Logical Channels and Transport Channels. The diagram shows the flow of data from Control-plane data and User-plane data through RLC instances, then through Transport Channels (TBF) to the MAC layer. The MAC layer contains logical channels (CDCH, ADCH, UDCH) and transport channels (DCH). The data is then transported via the FLO (Fluor) layer.](05eb72d372e4bf78e3d6a64949d77bcc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the protocol stack for data transport. At the top, 'Control-plane data' and 'User-plane data' are shown entering two separate 'RLC' (Radio Link Control) blocks. Below each RLC block is a 'TBF' (Transport Block) oval. These TBFs connect to a large 'MAC' (Medium Access Control) block. Inside the MAC block, the data from the left TBF is split into 'data' and 'control' paths, leading to 'CDCH' (Common Control Channel) and 'mux' (multiplexer) blocks. The data from the right TBF is similarly split into 'data' and 'control' paths, leading to 'UDCH' (User Data Channel) and another 'mux' block. Both 'mux' blocks feed into a central 'ADCH' (Dedicated Control Channel) block. Below the ADCH block is a 'DCH' (Dedicated Channel) oval, which then connects to the 'FLO' (Fluor) block at the bottom. + +Diagram illustrating Logical Channels and Transport Channels. The diagram shows the flow of data from Control-plane data and User-plane data through RLC instances, then through Transport Channels (TBF) to the MAC layer. The MAC layer contains logical channels (CDCH, ADCH, UDCH) and transport channels (DCH). The data is then transported via the FLO (Fluor) layer. + +**Figure 14: Logical Channels and Transport Channels** + +A TBF provides unidirectional data transport on one or more basic physical subchannels of the same type (either SBPSCH or DBPSCH). RRC may reconfigure a TBF from using one or more SBPSCHs to using one or more DBPSCHs (and vice versa). More than one TBF may be allocated to a single MS in any direction. A TBF may transport data for the following combination of RLC instances: + +- A single RLC instance carrying data for a URB. +- A single RLC instance carrying data for an SRB. +- A single RLC instance carrying data for a URB or an SRB, and using TBF stealing, one or more RLC instances each carrying data for an SRB for which no specific TBF is currently established. This combination is only supported by TBFs on SBPSCH. + +Multiple TBFs are supported on all logical channels except TCH and common control channels. + +Any MS operating in *Iu mode* supports multiple TBFs in uplink and downlink. MSs supports 8 uplink TBFs and 8 downlink TBFs. + +#### 6.6.4.2 TBF establishment + +##### 6.6.4.2.0 General + +Uplink TBFs on SBPSCHs are established as follows: + +- An MS issues a MAC-layer request followed by the GERAN returning a MAC-layer assignment. This is used when the MS is in *MAC-Idle state*, *MAC-Shared state*, or *MAC-DTM state*. +- An MS issues an RRC-layer request followed by GERAN returning an RRC-layer message that assigns TBFs to existing RBs on an SBPSCH. This is used when the MS is in *MAC-Dedicated state*. +- The GERAN sends an RRC-layer message that sets up or reconfigures RBs on an SBPSCH. This is used when the MS is in *MAC-Shared state*, *MAC-Dedicated state*, or *MAC-DTM state*. + +Uplink TBFs on DBPSCHs are established as follows: + +- An MS issues a MAC-layer request followed by the GERAN returning a MAC-layer dedicated assignment. This implicitly establishes 4 TBFs for SRBs 1 through 4. This is used when the MS is in *MAC-Idle state*. + +- The GERAN sends an RRC-layer message that sets up or reconfigures radio bearers on a DBPSCH. This implicitly establishes 4 TBFs for SRBs 1 through 4. It may also explicitly establish TBFs and USFs for URBs. This is used when the MS is in *MAC-Shared state*, *MAC-Dedicated state*, or *MAC-DTM state*. + +Downlink TBFs on SBPSCHs are established as follows: + +- The GERAN sends a MAC-layer assignment. This is used when the MS is in *MAC-Idle state*, *MAC-Shared state*, or *MAC-DTM state*. +- The GERAN sends an RRC-layer message that sets up or reconfigures RBs on an SBPSCH. This is used when the MS is in *MAC-Shared state*, *MAC-Dedicated state*, or *MAC-DTM state*. + +Downlink TBFs on DBPSCHs are established as follows: + +- The GERAN sends a MAC-layer dedicated assignment. This implicitly establishes 4 TBFs for SRBs 1 through 4. The GERAN may send the MAC-layer dedicated assignment in response to an MS issuing a MAC-layer request. This is used when the MS is in *MAC-Idle state*. +- The GERAN sends an RRC-layer message that sets up or reconfigures RBs on a DBPSCH. This implicitly establishes 4 TBFs for SRBs 1 through 4. It may also explicitly establish TBFs for URBs. This is used when the MS is in *MAC-Shared state*, *MAC-Dedicated state*, or *MAC-DTM state*. + +##### 6.6.4.2.1 Uplink resource request from MAC-Idle state + +###### 6.6.4.2.1.1 Mobile Originated Transmission + +When the mobile station is in MAC-Idle state and requests the establishment of a TBF or dedicated resource, an RLC/MAC control message (PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST or EGPRS PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST message) is sent on the PRACH. In this message, the mobile station indicates one establishment cause from the following list:- + +- “Single Block Without TBF Establishment”, “One Phase Access Request”, “One Phase Access Request in RLC unack mode”, “Short Access Request”, “Two Phase Access Request”, “MM Procedure”, “Dedicated channel request”, “Emergency call” + +To establish a TBF for a user radio bearer, one of the following is used:- + +- “One Phase Access Request”, “One Phase Access Request in RLC unack mode”, “Short Access Request”, “Two Phase Access Request” + +To establish a TBF or dedicated resource for a signalling radio bearer, one of the following is used:- + +- “Single Block Without TBF Establishment”, “MM Procedure”, “Dedicated channel request”, “Emergency call” + +Note that “Page Response” and “Cell Update” establishment causes are only to be used in A/Gb mode. + +###### 6.6.4.2.1.2 Mobile Terminated Transmission + +For mobile terminated transmission, when a paging request message containing a paging cause is sent to the mobile station, the mobile station requests resources on the PRACH using one of two establishment causes as follows:- + +To respond to paging causes “Terminating Conversational Call” or “Terminating Streaming Call” the mobile station indicates:- + +- “Dedicated channel request” + +To respond to paging causes “Terminating Interactive Call”, “Terminating Background Call”, “Terminating High Priority Signalling”, “Terminating Low Priority Signalling”, or “Terminating – cause unknown” the mobile station indicates:- + +- “MM Procedure” + +#### 6.6.4.3 TBF multiplexing and scheduling + +##### 6.6.4.3.1 Multiplexing of RLC instances on TBFs + +When one TBF carries data for one RLC instance, multiplexing is trivial. This case is analogous to REL-4 and previous releases. + +When one TBF, in addition to a first RLC instance, carries data for one or more RLC instances, each carrying data of an SRB for which no specific TBF is currently established, the MAC layer uses TBF stealing to multiplex data from these RLC instances onto the TBF. This stealing mechanism allows the MAC layer to send SRB data without signalling to set up a separate TBF. To send data using this mechanism, the GERAN or MS MAC layer performs the following: + +- It selects one of the TBFs currently established on an SBPSCH for the MS in question. +- It adds the SRBid to the RLC/MAC header to allow the receiving MAC entity to detect that TBF stealing is used and to forward the received data to the correct RLC instance. +- It sends the SRB-related data in the next scheduling opportunity for the selected TBF. + +##### 6.6.4.3.2 Scheduling of TBFs on physical-layer resources + +TBFs are scheduled on a radio-block basis according to their QoS attributes. + +An established uplink TBF is scheduled as follows: + +- On an SBPSCH, the MS sends data for the TBF that corresponds to the received USF. If no TBF corresponds to the received USF, the MS does not send. +- On a DBPSCH with a PDTCH-type channel combination, if the MS has more than one TBF with data to send, the MS sends data for the TBF that corresponds to the received USF. If the MS has nothing to send for the scheduled TBF, and if the MS has data to send for one or more other TBFs mapped onto the same BPSCH, the MS sends data from one of these other TBFs. +- On a DBPSCH with a PDTCH-type channel combination, if the MS has only one TBF with data to send, the MS ignores the USF and sends data for that TBF. This allows the GERAN to reduce downlink interference by not transmitting if there is no downlink data to send. +- On a DBPSCH with a PDTCH-type channel combination, when a previously inactive TBF again has data to send, the MS shall send one data block for this TBF the next time the GERAN schedules any of the MS's TBFs. This notifies GERAN that this TBF has again become active. The GERAN decodes the TFI and then schedules this TBF according to its QoS attributes. To handle the case where the GERAN fails to decode the TFI in the data block from this TBF, a repetition scheme is standardized for the MS. +- On a DBPSCH with a TCH-type channel combination, the multiframe structure and MS stealing rules determine which TBFs are scheduled, analogous to CS operation for REL-4. + +An established downlink TBF is scheduled by the GERAN. + +#### 6.6.4.4 TBF release + +An uplink TBF is released as follows: + +- On an SBPSCH, the GERAN releases the TBF by sending a PACKET UPLINK ACK/NACK with the *final ack indicator* set to 1. +- On a DBPSCH, the GERAN releases the TBF by releasing the DBPSCH, by releasing the corresponding radio bearer, or by reconfiguring the corresponding radio bearer to another BPSCH. + +A downlink TBF is released as follows: + +- On an SBPSCH, the GERAN initiates release by sending a data block with *final block indicator* set to 1. The MS acknowledges the release. +- On a DBPSCH, the GERAN releases the TBF by releasing the DBPSCH, by releasing the corresponding radio bearer, or by reconfiguring the corresponding radio bearer to another BPSCH. + +#### 6.6.4.5 TBF reallocation + +Considering the mobile station's multislots capabilities, GERAN may reallocate one or more of a mobile station's TBFs: + +- To a different radio frequency or a different hopping sequence. All of a mobile station's TBFs operate on one radio frequency or one hopping sequence. +- To different timeslots (the same number, more, or fewer). +- To use a different TFI for a given TBF. +- To use different USFs for a given uplink TBF. +- To use different coding schemes or modulation-and-coding schemes. + +This reallocation may be in response to a mobile-station request. + +When only SBPSCHs are allocated, GERAN MAC or GERAN RRC signals the reallocation. + +When at least one DBPSCH is allocated, GERAN RRC signals the reallocation. + +## 6.7 RLC/MAC PDU Formats for different protocol modes + +### 6.7.1 Acknowledged RLC mode + +The GPRS/EGPRS channel codes RLC/MAC header and coding schemes (CS-1, ... ,CS-4 and MCS-1, ... , MCS-9) are used. Other coding schemes are CSD/ECSD. + +### 6.7.2 Unacknowledged RLC mode + +The GPRS/EGPRS channel codes RLC/MAC header and coding schemes (CS-1, ... ,CS-4 and MCS-1, ... , MCS-9) are used. Other coding schemes are CSD/ECSD when operating on a dedicated basic physical subchannel. + +### 6.7.3 Transparent RLC mode + +The transparent mode is used for example to transmit voice in GERAN. The different channel coding schemes used for voice in GSM are used. New coding schemes for 8-PSK half rate and possibly full rate speech are also required. Other coding schemes like e.g. CSD/ECSD is FFS. + +Since RLC is used in transparent mode, no RLC/MAC header has to be added. + +## 6.8 Physical Layer (Phy) + +The physical layer (layer 1) is the lowest layer in the OSI Reference Model and it supports all functions required for the transmission of bit streams on the physical medium. This clause provides an overview on services and functions provided by the Physical Layer. A detailed description of the physical layer is given in [Ref: 05 series]. The Flexible Layer One part of the physical layer is described in subclause 6.9. + +### 6.8.1 Definitions + +A **physical channel** uses a combination of frequency and time division multiplexing and is defined as a sequence of radio frequency channels and time slots. The complete definition of a particular physical channel consists of a description in the frequency domain, and a description in the time domain [11]. + +A **basic physical channel** is defined as a sequence of radio frequency channels and time slots. The basic physical channel uses the same timeslot in every TDMA frame. The TDMA frame number sequence is 0,1,.. FN\_MAX, where FN\_MAX is the maximum TDMA frame number for a hyperframe (i.e. all TDMA frames on a timeslot). + +A **basic physical subchannel** is defined as a basic physical channel or a part of a basic physical channel and an associated multiframe structure. A basic physical subchannel can either be shared or dedicated. Example: DBPSCH/F. + +A **logical channel** is defined by the type of data which is transferred and characterized by parameters such as channel coding and interleaving. It can be uni-directional or bi-directional [11]. Example: PDTCH/U, TCH/FS, FACCH/F. + +A **channel combination** is defined as the combination of logical channels that is mapped on a certain basic physical subchannel. Example: TCH/FS+FACCH/F+SACCH/TF. The channel combination could also be mapped onto a basic physical channel, example: TCH/H(0,1)+FACCH/H(0,1)+SACCH/TH(0,1) [11]. + +### 6.8.2 Services provided to upper layer + +The physical layer interfaces the Medium Access Control (MAC) sub-layer of Layer 2 and the Radio Resource Control (RRC) sub-layer of Layer 3. Through Service Access Points (SAP), the physical layer offers services described below: + +- **Access capabilities:** the physical layer offers logical channels and the transmission services associated to higher layers. Logical channels are multiplexed either in a fixed predefined manner (multiframe structure) or dynamically by the MAC on basic physical subchannels. Basic physical subchannels are the units scheduled on the radio medium. Some are reserved by the network for common use (e.g. for use by a combination of PCCCH and PBCCH), others are assigned to dedicated connections with MSs (dedicated basic physical subchannels), or are assigned to a shared usage between MSs (shared basic physical subchannels). +- **Error detection:** the physical layer offers an error protected transmission service, it includes error detection functions and to a lower level, error correction functions. Erroneous received frames may be notified to upper layer and, depending on the need of the upper layer, offered to it. The probability of one or more errors in a physical block transferred by the physical layer is defined in 3GPP TS 45.005. Due to non specified methods of quality detection, the probability of residual errors in transferred blocks may vary between implementations. + +#### 6.8.2.1 Specific services of the physical layer in the MS + +- Measurement of the signal strength of neighbouring base stations. Measurements are transferred to layer 3. +- Measurement of the signal quality of the basic physical subchannel used. Measurements are transferred to the MAC layer for reporting to the base station. +- Cell/PLMN selection in idle mode or in packet mode. In idle mode or in packet mode, the physical layer selects the best cell with its BCCH (CPBCCH only for COMPACT and for packet mode only) in close co-operation with layer 3, meeting requirements for PLMN selection specified in 3GPP TS 42.011. + +### 6.8.3 Logical Channels + +#### 6.8.3.1 Traffic channels + +Traffic channels of type TCH are intended to carry either encoded speech or user data on dedicated basic physical subchannel. TCH can be either full rate (TCH/F) or half rate (TCH/H). + +Traffic channels of type O-TCH are intended to carry encoded speech on dedicated basic physical subchannel. O-TCH can be either full rate (O-TCH/F) or half rate (O-TCH/H). + +Traffic channels of type E-TCH are intended to carry user data on dedicated basic physical subchannels. + +Packet data traffic channels (PDTCH) are intended to carry user data on either dedicated or shared basic physical subchannels. PDTCH's can be either full rate (PDTCH/F) or half rate (PDTCH/H). + +#### 6.8.3.2 Control channels + +Control channels carry signalling or synchronization data. Four categories of control channels are defined: broadcast, common, dedicated control channels and cell broadcast channels. Specific channels within these categories are defined in the clauses following. + +##### 6.8.3.2.1 Broadcast channels + +GERAN shall reuse Release 99 broadcast channels. Any addition shall be made in a backwards compatible manner. + +##### 6.8.3.2.2 Common control type channels + +GERAN common control type channels shall be based on Release 99 common control type channels. Any addition shall be made in a backwards compatible manner. + +##### 6.8.3.2.3 Dedicated control channels + +###### On a dedicated basic physical subchannel: + +- i) The Fast Associated Control channel (FACCH) associated to one TCH. FACCH can either be full rate (FACCH/F, E-FACCH/F, O-FACCH/F) or half rate (FACCH/H, O-FACCH/H) depending whether it is associated to a full rate or half rate TCH. +- ii) The Packet Associated Control channel (PACCH) associated to one PDTCH: The PACCH is bi-directional. PACCH/U is used for the uplink and PACCH/D for the downlink. PACCH can either be full rate (PACCH/F) or half rate (PACCH/H) depending whether it is associated to a full rate or half rate PDTCH. +- iii) The Slow Associated Control channel (SACCH) associated to one TCH or PDTCH. SACCH can either be full rate (SACCH/TF) or half rate (SACCH/TH) depending whether it is associated to a full rate or half rate TCH or PDTCH. Further, the SACCH can be associated either to a TCH or PDTCH where EPC is not deployed (SACCH/T) or a TCH or PDTCH where EPC is deployed (SACCH/TP). +- iv) The Enhanced Power Control channel (EPCCH) associated to one TCH or PDTCH. EPCCH can be either full rate (EPCCH/F) or half rate (EPCCH/H) depending on whether it is associated to a full rate or half rate TCH or PDTCH. +- v) The Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel (SDCCH) is a bi-directional dedicated control channel whose allocation is not linked to the allocation of a TCH [UMTS 45.003]. +- vi) The Enhanced Inband Associated Control Channel (E-IACCH/F) associated to one E-TCH/F. + +###### On a shared basic physical subchannel: + +- i) The Packet Associated Control channel (PACCH): The PACCH is bi-directional. PACCH/U is used for the uplink and PACCH/D for the downlink. PACCH can either be full rate (PACCH) or half rate (PACCH/H) depending whether it is associated to a full rate or half rate PDTCH. +- ii) The Packet Timing advance Control CHannel uplink (PTCCH/U): Used to transmit random access bursts to allow estimation of the timing advance for one MS in packet transfer mode. +- iii) The Packet Timing advance Control CHannel downlink (PTCCH/D): Used to transmit timing advance updates for several MS. One PTCCH/D is paired with several PTCCH/U's. + +##### 6.8.3.2.4 Cell Broadcast Channel (CBCH) + +GERAN shall reuse Release 99 cell broadcast channel. + +### 6.8.4 Basic Physical Subchannels + +A basic physical subchannel can either be dedicated or shared. + +All basic physical subchannels are bi-directional unless otherwise stated. + +#### 6.8.4.1 DBPSCH - Dedicated Basic Physical SubChannel + +A DBPSCH is for only one user and it always has an associated SACCH. A DBPSCH can either be full rate or half rate. + +#### 6.8.4.2 SBPSCH - Shared Basic Physical SubChannel + +A SBPSCH is for one or more users. A SBPSCH can either be full rate or half rate. + +### 6.8.5 Mapping of logical channels onto basic physical subchannels + +#### 6.8.5.1 DBPSCH full rate + +The following channel combinations are possible for a DBPSCH full rate: + +- i) TCH/F + FACCH/F + SACCH/TF; +- ii) TCH/F + FACCH/F + SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F; + +- iii) PDTCH/F + PACCH/F + SACCH/TF; +- iv) PDTCH/F + PACCH/F + SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F; +- v) E-TCH/F + E-FACCH/F + SACCH/TF + E-IACCH/F; +- vi) O-TCH/F + O-FACCH/F + SACCH/TF; +- vii) O-TCH/F + O-FACCH/F + SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F. + +Figure 13 shows the multiframe mapping of the logical channels for DBPSCH/F. + +![](0b3d9fe35da3ee0c88f1420bb9ed7a03_img.jpg) + +frame number + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | +| D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | S | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | i | + +**D** User Traffic    **S** SACCH    **i** Idle + +**Figure 13: DBPSCH/F - Multiframe mapping of logical channels** + +Note: When EPC is used, the EPCCH is mapped on the bits of the SACCH bursts. + +#### 6.8.5.2 DBPSCH half rate + +The following channel combinations are possible for a DBPSCH half rate: + +- i) TCH/H + FACCH/H + SACCH/TH; +- ii) TCH/H + FACCH/H + SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H; +- iii) O-TCH/H + O-FACCH/H + SACCH/TH; +- iv) O-TCH/H + O-FACCH/H + SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H; +- v) PDTCH/H + PACCH/H + SACCH/TH; +- vi) PDTCH/H + PACCH/H + SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H. + +Figure 14 shows the multiframe mapping of the logical channels for DBPSCH/H. + +![](3621e1493d508bd789fec58ba8be9a40_img.jpg) + +frame number - subchannel 0 + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | +| D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | S | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | i | + + + +frame number - subchannel 1 + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | +| i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | S | + +**D** User Traffic    **S** SACCH    **i** Idle + +**Figure 14: DBPSCH/H - Multiframe mapping of logical channels** + +Note: When EPC is used, the EPCCH is mapped on the bits of the SACCH bursts. + +#### 6.8.5.3 SBPSCH full rate + +Excluding CBCH, broadcast channels and common control type channels, the following channel combination is possible for a SBPSCH full rate: + +- PDTCH/F + PACCH/F + PTCCH/F. + +Figure 15 shows the multiframe mapping of the logical channels for SBPSCH/F. Only half of the 52-multiframe is shown, the second half being identical to the first one. + +![](13fde41de77bf026013a0b81684d1fc9_img.jpg) + +frame number + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | +| D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | T | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | i | + +D User Traffic    T PTCCH    i Idle + +**Figure 15: SBPSCH/F - Multiframe mapping of logical channels** + +#### 6.8.5.4 SBPSCH half rate + +The following channel combination is possible for a SBPSCH half rate: + +- PDTCH/H + PACCH/H. + +Figure 16 shows the multiframe mapping of the logical channels for SBPSCH/F. Only half of the 52-multiframe is shown, the second half being identical to the first one. + +![](f24f909d837b5476783e1bbea2dfc143_img.jpg) + +frame number - subchannel 0 + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | +| D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | i | + +frame number - subchannel 1 + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | +| i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | D | i | + +D User Traffic    i idle + +**Figure 16: SBPSCH/H - Multiframe mapping of logical channels** + +### 6.8.6 Physical Layer Functions + +An overview of the functions which create the services of the physical layer can be found in 3GPP TS 45.001. + +### 6.8.7 Channel Coding + +Table 2 gives an overview of the logical traffic channels with the corresponding type of channel and their mapping to basic physical subchannel. The list shall be considered as the possible, but not mandatory, channels. + +Table 2: Channel Coding + +| Logical Channel | Mod. | Radio Block /
Frame Size (Bits) | SB | Channel Coding | | Interleaving | | Basic
Physical
Subchannel | +|---------------------|------|------------------------------------|-----|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|-------------------|---------------------------------| +| | | | | Type | Rate | Type | Depth
(bursts) | | +| TCH/FS [tbd] (2) | GMSK | 464 | 8 | CC | 13 kbps | diag | 8 | DBPSCH/F | +| TCH/EFS [tbd] (2) | GMSK | 464 | 8 | CC | 12.2 kbps | diag | 8 | DBPSCH/F | +| TCH/WFS [tbd] (3) | GMSK | 464 | 8 | CC | [tbc] | diag | 8 | DBPSCH/F | +| O-TCH/WFS[tbd] (3) | 8PSK | 1392 | 24 | CC | [tbc] | diag | 8 | DBPSCH/F | +| O-TCH/WHS [tbd] (3) | 8PSK | 696 | 12 | CC | [tbc] | diag | 4 | DBPSCH/H | +| TCH/HS [tbd] (2) | GMSK | 232 | 4 | CC | 5.6 kbps | diag | 4 | DBPSCH/H | +| TCH/AFS | GMSK | 464 | 8 | CC | TCH/AFS4.75
TCH/AFS5.15
TCH/AFS5.90
TCH/AFS6.70
TCH/AFS7.40
TCH/AFS7.95
TCH/AFS10.2
TCH/AFS12.2 | diag | 8 | DBPSCH/F | +| TCH/AHS | GMSK | 232 | 4 | CC | TCH/AHS4.75
TCH/AHS5.15
TCH/AHS5.90
TCH/AHS6.70
TCH/AHS7.40
TCH/AHS7.95 | diag | 4 | DBPSCH/H | +| O-TCH/AHS | 8PSK | 696 | 12 | CC | O-TCH/AHS4.75
O-TCH/AHS5.15
O-TCH/AHS5.90
O-TCH/AHS6.70
O-TCH/AHS7.40
O-TCH/AHS7.95
O-TCH/AHS10.2
O-TCH/AHS12.2 | diag | 4 | DBPSCH/H | +| TCH/F | GMSK | 464 | 8 | CC | TCH/F9.6
TCH/F14.4 | diag | 22 | DBPSCH/F | +| E-TCH/F | 8PSK | 1392 | 24 | RS+C
C
CC | E-TCH/F28.8
E-TCH/F32.0
E-TCH/F43.2 | diag | 22 | DBPSCH/F | +| PDTCH/F | GMSK | 464 | 8+4 | CC | MCS1-4 | rect | 4 | SBPSCH/F | +| | | | 8 | | CS1-4 | | | DBPSCH/F | +| | | | 8+4 | | MCS1-4 | | | | +| | | | 8 | | CS1-4 | | | | +| | | | 8+4 | | MCS1-4 | ffs | ffs | DBPSCH/F | +| | | | 8 | | CS1-4 | | | | +| | 8PSK | 1392 | 8 | | MCS5-9 | rect | 4 | SBPSCH/F | +| | | | 8 | | MCS5-9 | | | DBPSCH/F | +| PDTCH/H | GMSK | 464 | 8+4 | CC | MCS1-4 | rect | 4 | SBPSCH/H | +| | | | 8 | | CS1-4 | | | DBPSCH/H | +| | | | 8+4 | | MCS1-4 | | | | +| | | | 8 | | CS1-4 | | | | +| | | | 8+4 | | MCS1-4 | ffs | ffs | DBPSCH/H | +| | | | 8 | | CS1-4 | | | | +| | 8PSK | 1392 | 8 | | MCS5-9 | rect | 4 | SBPSCH/H | +| | | | 8 | | MCS5-9 | | | DBPSCH/H | + +(2) The possibility to establish TCH/EFS, TCH/FS, TCH/HS speech channels is to be decided by 3GPP SA2 +CC: Convolutional Code. +RS: Reed Solomon code. + +The table above remains to be completed. + +Except for the already existing logical channels, the 8PSK modulated logical channels are indicated by an "O-" prefix (as in Octal PSK). + +Table 3 gives an overview of the logical control channels used for speech and circuit switched data, and their associated logical traffic channel. + +**Table 3: Control channel coding** + +| Logical Channel | Mod. | Radio Block / Frame Size (Bits) | SB | Channel Coding | | Interleaving | | Associated logical traffic channel | +|-----------------|------|---------------------------------|----|----------------|--------------|--------------|----------------|------------------------------------| +| | | | | Type | Rate | Type | Depth (bursts) | | +| FACCH/F | GMSK | 464 | 8 | CC | 9.2 kbps | diag | 8 | TCH/F | +| O-FACCH/F | 8PSK | 1392 | 24 | CC | 9.2 kbps | diag | 8 | O-TCH/F | +| FACCH/H | GMSK | 464 | 8 | CC | 4.6 kbps | diag | 6 | TCH/H | +| O-FACCH/H | 8PSK | 1392 | 24 | CC | 4.6 kbps | diag | 6 | O-TCH/H | +| SACCH/F | GMSK | 464 | 8 | CC | 184/480 kbps | block | 4 | TCH/F, E-TCH/F & O-TCH/F | +| SACCH/H | GMSK | 464 | 8 | CC | 184/480 kbps | block | 4 | TCH/H & O-TCH/H | +| SACCH/TPF | GMSK | 416 | 8 | CC | 184/480 kbps | block | 4 | TCH/F & O-TCH/F with EPC | +| SACCH/TPH | GMSK | 416 | 8 | CC | 184/480 kbps | block | 4 | TCH/H & O-TCH/H with EPC | +| E-FACCH/F | GMSK | 464 | 8 | CC | 9.2 kbps | block | 4 | E-TCH/F | +| E-IACCH/F | 8PSK | 24 | - | BC | 3/20 kbps | - | 4 | E-TCH/F | +| EPCCH/F | GMSK | 12 | - | BC | 3/120 kbps | - | 1 | TCH/F & O-TCH/F with EPC | +| EPCCH/H | GMSK | 12 | - | BC | 3/120 kbps | - | 1 | TCH/H & O-TCH/H with EPC | + +CC: Convolutional Code. + +BC : Block code + +Except for the already existing logical channels, the 8PSK modulated logical channels are indicated by an "O-" prefix (as in Octal PSK). + +### 6.6.8 Enhanced Power control procedure + +In addition to the normal power control, an enhanced power control scheme (EPC) shall be supported by the MS and may optionally be supported by the BSS, when operating on a DBPSCH. + +EPC has a reporting period of 26 TDMA frames (120 ms). A dedicated control channel, the EPCCH, is used for the purpose of EPC. For MS power control, EPC power commands are sent on the downlink EPCCH. For BTS power control, EPC measurement reports are sent on the uplink EPCCH. + +If EPC is in use, the normal SACCH (SACCH/TF or SACCH/TH) is replaced by a modified SACCH (SACCH/TPF or SACCH/TPH). The EPCCH is multiplexed with the SACCH/TP. One EPCCH frame is multiplexed with each burst of the SACCH/TP. The multiplexing is done on the physical layer. + +#### 6.6.8.1 MS implementation + +Enhanced power control shall be implemented in the MS. + +When on a DBPSCH, the MS shall use EPC, if so indicated by the BSS in the ASSIGNMENT COMMAND or HANDOVER COMMAND (see 3GPP 44.018). + +##### 6.8.8.1.1 MS power control + +If EPC is in use, the MS shall employ the most recently commanded EPC level on each uplink DBPSCH. The power level to be employed by the MS is indicated by means of the EPC power command sent via EPCCH once every EPC reporting period. The MS shall report, in the SACCH L1 header, the RF power level used at the end of the normal power control reporting period. + +NOTE: The term "normal power control" is used in this specification for clarification and is otherwise referred to as "power control". + +The enhanced power control scheme is based on differential control to adjust the employed RF power level. The possible EPC power commands are the same as for fast power control used for ECSD [3GPP TS 45.008]. + +##### 6.8.8.1.2 MS link quality measurement reports + +When employing EPC, the MS shall use the uplink EPCCH for EPC measurement reporting. + +For each DBPSCH on which EPC is in use, the received signal quality shall be measured by the MS in a manner that can be related to the average BER before channel decoding, assessed over one EPC reporting period. + +The average BER shall for every EPC reporting period be mapped to the RXQUAL scale according to 45.008 [], producing the parameter RXQUAL\_EPC which is reported to the network via EPCCH. + +#### 6.8.8.2 BSS implementation + +Enhanced power control may optionally be implemented in the BSS. + +## 6.9 Flexible Layer One (FLO) + +### 6.9.1 General + +The Flexible Layer One belongs to the Physical Layer. It operates on DBPSCH only. + +### 6.9.2 Definitions + +**Transport Block:** block exchanged on a transport channel between the physical layer and the MAC sublayer. It contains an RLC/MAC block. + +**Transport Channel:** a transport channel is offered by the physical layer to the MAC sublayer for exchange of transport blocks. A transport channel is used to carry with a certain quality of service, a data flow over the radio interface. + +**Transport Format:** configuration of a transport channel, including CRC size, transport block length, etc. + +**Transport Format Combination:** allowed combination of transport format(s) of the different transport channels that are multiplexed together on a basic physical subchannel. + +### 6.9.3 Principles + +#### 6.9.3.1 General + +The radio interface protocol architecture around the Flexible Layer One (FLO) is depicted in subclause 5.1. With FLO, the physical layer offers transport channels to the MAC sublayer. A transport channel is characterized by how the information is transferred over the radio interface. The offered transport channels are Dedicated CHannels (DCH). A DCH is a channel dedicated to one MS. + +Each transport channel can carry one data flow providing a certain Quality of Service (QoS). A number of transport channels can be multiplexed and sent on the same basic physical subchannel at the same time within the same TTI. + +The configuration of a transport channel i.e. the number of input bits, CRC size etc. is denoted the Transport Format (TF). A number of different transport formats can be associated to one transport channel. The configuration of the transport formats is under control of the GERAN and signalled to the MS at call set-up. In both the MS and the BSS, the + +transport formats are used to configure the encoder and decoder units. When configuring a transport format, the GERAN can choose between a number of predefined CRC lengths and code types. + +On transport channels, transport blocks (TB) are exchanged between the MAC layer and the physical layer on a transmission time interval (TTI) basis. For each TTI a transport format is chosen and indicated through the transport format indicator (TFIN). When a transport channel is inactive, a transport format with a transport block size of zero is selected. + +Only a limited number of combinations of the transport formats of the different TrCH are allowed. A valid combination is called a Transport Format Combination (TFC). The set of valid TFCs on a basic physical subchannel is called the Transport Format Combination Set (TFCS). The TFCS is signalled through the Calculated Transport Format Combinations (CTFC). + +In order to decode the received sequence the receiver needs to know the active TFC for a radio packet. This information is transmitted in the Transport Format Combination Indicator (TFCI) field. This field is basically a layer 1 header and has the same function as the stealing bits in GSM. Each of the TFC within a TFCS are assigned a unique TFCI value and when a radio packet is received this is the first to be decoded by the receiver. From the decoded TFCI value the transport formats for the different transport channels are known and the actual decoding can start. + +In case of multislot operation, there shall be one FLO instance for each basic physical subchannel. Each FLO instance is configured independently by Layer 3 and as a result gets its own TFCS. The number of allocated basic physical subchannels depends on the multislot capabilities of the MS. + +#### 6.9.3.2 Coding / multiplexing + +The coding/multiplexing unit of FLO is a combination of error detection, forward error correction, rate matching, multiplexing and interleaving of transport blocks (TB) in radio packet. + +The following steps can be identified: + +- **CRC attachment:** error detection is provided on each transport block through a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). Layer 3 configures the size of the CRC to be used. Code blocks are output from the CRC attachment. +- **Channel coding:** after CRC attachment, the code blocks are processed through channel coding (1/3 rate convolutional code), producing encoded blocks. +- **Rate matching:** in rate matching, bits of an encoded block on a transport channel are repeated or punctured. When the number of bits on a transport channel varies between different TTI, coded bits are repeated or punctured to ensure that the total bit rate after TrCH multiplexing is identical to the total channel bit rate of the allocated basic physical channel. Outputs from the rate matching are called radio frames. The rate matching produces one radio frame per encoded block, i.e. per TrCH. +- **Multiplexing of transport channels:** for every radio packet to be transmitted, one radio frame from each TrCH is delivered to the TrCH multiplexing. These radio frames are serially multiplexed into a Coded Composite Transport CHannel (CCTrCH). +- **TFCI mapping:** the coded TFCI is appended at the beginning of the CCTrCH. +- **Interleaving:** the coded TFCI and the CCTrCH are interleaved together on bursts. The interleaving can be either block diagonal or block rectangular and is configured by Layer 3. + +# 7 Ciphering + +The ciphering architecture is specified in 3GPP TS 33.102 and is identical to that of UTRAN (f8). The ciphering principle with input parameters to the algorithm is illustrated in figure 17. + +![Figure 17: Ciphering Principle. A flow diagram showing the ciphering process. Inputs 'Count', 'Direction', and 'Bearer' point to a 'Mask Generator' block. A 'Ciphering Key' also points to this block. The 'Mask Generator' outputs a 'Mask (Length L)'. A dashed arrow labeled 'L' points from the 'Ciphering Key' input to the 'Mask (Length L)' output. The 'Mask (Length L)' and 'Plain Text (Length L)' are inputs to an 'XOR' block. The 'XOR' block outputs 'Ciphered Text (Length L)'.](4e85fe330de2c4f5eea6de4b2a53c77f_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Count[Count] --> MG[Mask Generator] + Direction[Direction] --> MG + Bearer[Bearer] --> MG + CK[Ciphering Key] --> MG + MG --> ML[Mask Length L] + CK -.-> ML + ML --> XOR[XOR] + PT[Plain Text Length L] --> XOR + XOR --> CT[Ciphered Text Length L] + +``` + +Figure 17: Ciphering Principle. A flow diagram showing the ciphering process. Inputs 'Count', 'Direction', and 'Bearer' point to a 'Mask Generator' block. A 'Ciphering Key' also points to this block. The 'Mask Generator' outputs a 'Mask (Length L)'. A dashed arrow labeled 'L' points from the 'Ciphering Key' input to the 'Mask (Length L)' output. The 'Mask (Length L)' and 'Plain Text (Length L)' are inputs to an 'XOR' block. The 'XOR' block outputs 'Ciphered Text (Length L)'. + +**Figure 17: Ciphering Principle** + +Ciphering shall be applied after contention resolution has been performed provided the MS is under coverage of its serving BSS. It is FFS how it is performed when the controlling RAN node is not the serving RAN node. + +## 7.1 Location of ciphering in the GERAN protocol architecture + +The ciphering function is performed either in the RLC sub-layer or in the MAC sub-layer, according to the following rules: + +- In case of non-transparent RLC mode (acknowledged or unacknowledged), ciphering is performed in the RLC sub-layer for layer 2 user data blocks only. Layer 2 signalling is ciphered in the MAC sub-layer. +- In case of transparent RLC mode, ciphering is performed in the MAC sub-layer. + +According to this model, ciphering when applied is performed in the BSS and the MS, and the context needed for ciphering (input parameters) is only known in BSS and the MS. + +## 7.2 Inputs to the ciphering algorithm + +### 7.2.1 Ciphering Key + +The ciphering key is 128 bit long. + +The ciphering key is established between the MS and BSS during the authentication phase. In the two-key solution, the CS-domain user-plane bearers are ciphered with the most recent cipher key agreed between the user and the MSC (CK-CS). The PS-domain user-plane bearers are ciphered with the most recent cipher key agreed between the user and the SGSN (CK-PS). + +The signalling radio bearers are used for transfer of signalling data for services delivered by both CS and PS service domains. These signalling radio bearers are ciphered using the CK of the service domain for which the most recent security mode negotiation took place. This may require that the cipher key of an (already ciphered) ongoing signalling connection has to be changed, when a new connection is established with another service domain, or when a security mode negotiation follows a re-authentication during an ongoing connection. + +To ensure performing the right ciphering function at the RLC and MAC layers, three conditions must be met: + +- A user-plane Radio Bearer is either from CS-domain or PS-domain, but not from both. +- RRC maps a given user-plane Radio Bearer to a given domain in order to derive the correct key to utilise for each RB. +- The RLC and MAC layers receive the Radio Bearer IDs and CKs they should use from RRC. + +### 7.2.2 Bearer + +This parameter indicates the radio bearer identity (when available), which shall be unique within a RRC connection. It is used as input parameter to the ciphering algorithm to ensure that the same ciphering mask is not applied to two or more parallel Radio Bearers having the same ciphering key and count. Each Radio Bearer is ciphered independently. + +In case no radio bearer identity is available (layer 2 signalling), the data id shall be equal to a unique value. + +To ensure that the same ciphering mask is not applied to layer 2 signalling (no RBid available) and layer 2 user data (RBid available), RBid indicator is used in the count parameter to inform whether RBid is available or not. + +### 7.2.3 Direction + +This parameter indicates the direction of transmission (uplink/downlink). + +### 7.2.4 Length + +This parameter indicates the length of the mask to be generated by the algorithm (this length is equal to that of the data to be ciphered). It is not an input to the mask generator. + +### 7.2.5 Parameter Settings + +The following tables defines how to set the input parameters to the ciphering algorithm that applies to layer 2 user data blocks and layer 2 signalling respectively: + +**Table 4: Input parameters for user data blocks** + +| Input parameters | Size (bits) | Non-transparent RLC Mode | Transparent RLC Mode | +|------------------|-------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Count | 32 | RLC Sequence Number: a) 7 bits or b) 11 bits
a) 0...127 or b) 0...2047 | Slot number: 3 bits
0...7 | +| | | RBid indicator: 1 bit
1 (RBid available) | | +| | | HFN: 24 or 20 bits
a) 0...16777215 or b) 0...1048575 | TDMA Frame Number: 17 bits (see note 1)
HFN: 11 bits
0...2047 | +| Direction | 1 | 1 bit
0 (Uplink) or 1 (Downlink) | | +| Bearer | 5 | Radio Bearer Identifier (RBid)
0...31 | | +| Length | 16 | Length of the input data to be ciphered: the fields included in the input parameters shall not be ciphered.
0...65535 | Full block size | + +NOTE 1: The construction of the 17-bit TDMA Frame Number is described in 3GPP TS 44.160. + +**Table 5: Input Parameters for layer 2 signalling** + +| Input parameters | Size (bits) | Non-transparent RLC mode | +|------------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------| +| Count | 32 | Slot number: 3 bits
0...7 | +| | | RBid indicator: 1 bit
0 (RBid not available) | +| | | TDMA Frame Number: 17 bits (see note 1 in table 4) | +| | | HFN: 11 bits
0...2047 | +| Direction | 1 | 1 bit
0 (Uplink) or 1 (Downlink) | +| Bearer | 5 | "00000" | +| Length | L | Full block size | + +# --- 8 Integrity protection + +## 8.1 Integrity protection on RRC messages + +Integrity protection with a 32-bit MAC-I shall be performed on all RRC messages, with the exceptions defined in 3GPP TS 44.118. + +There may be one IK for CS connections (IKCS), established between the CS service domain and the user and one IK for PS connections (IKPS) established between the PS service domain and the user. + +The data integrity of radio bearers for user data is not protected. + +The signalling radio bearers are used for transfer of signalling data for services delivered by both CS and PS service domains. These signalling radio bearers are data integrity protected by the IK of the service domain for which the most recent security mode negotiation took place. This may require that the integrity key of an (already integrity protected) ongoing signalling connection has to be changed, when a new connection is established with another service domain, or when a security mode negotiation follow a re-authentication during an ongoing connection. + +## 8.2 Integrity protection on RLC/MAC control messages + +RLC/MAC control messages are not integrity protected. + +## 8.3 Calculation of message authentication code + +The MS shall calculate the message authentication code in accordance with 3GPP TS 33.102. The construction of the input parameter MESSAGE (3GPP TS 33.102) for the integrity algorithm is FFS. + +# --- 9 Mobility Management and Session Management (MM and SM) + +See 3GPP TS 24.008. + +# --- 10 Sequence Diagrams Examples for Handover + +See 3GPP TS 45.008, and 3GPP TS 25.931. + +# --- Annex A (informative): Radio Access Bearer Realization + +This annex describes how the different protocols of the GERAN User Plane protocol stack are configured to provide the desired radio access bearer classes (conversational, streaming, interactive and background). Only the traffic over Iu-ps interface is considered. + +--- + +## A.1 Conversational Radio Access Bearer + +In table A.1, case A represents optimized conversational RAB further described in clause A.1.2. Case B represents the generic conversational RAB. + +**Table A.1: Conversational RAB** + +| PDCP | RLC | MAC | Physical Layer | | | | | | Dedicated Control Channel | | | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-----------|---------------------------|-----------------|------------|----------|--------|------------|---------------------------------------------|---|--|--| +| | | | Basic Physical SubChannel | Traffic Channel | | | | | | | | | +| | | | | Type | Interleav. | Mod. | Coding | | | | | | +| Non Transparent
Header Removal | Transp. | Dedicated | DBPSCH/F | TCH/F | 8 diag | GMSK | UEP | As TCH/AFS | FACCH/F (2) SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F | A | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK (1) | UEP | ffs | FACCH/F (2) SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F | | | | +| | | | DBPSCH/H | TCH/H | 4 diag | GMSK | UEP | As TCH/AHS | FACCH/H (2) SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H | | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | UEP | As TCH/AHS | FACCH/H (2) SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H | | | | +| Non Transparent
Header Compression or No Adaptation
Transparent | Unack | Dedicated | DBPSCH/F | PDTCH/F | 4 rect | GMSK | EEP | | SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F PACCH/F | B | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | | SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F PACCH/F | | | | +| | | | | TCH/F (2) | ffs | GMSK | EEP | | FACCH/F (2) SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F | | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | | FACCH/F (2) SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F | | | | +| | | | DBPSCH/H | PDTCH/H | 4 rect | GMSK | EEP | | SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H PACCH/H | | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | | SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H PACCH/H | | | | +| | | | | | | GMSK | EEP | | SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H PACCH/H | | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | | SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H PACCH/H | | | | + +| | | | | TCH/H | ffs | GMSK | EEP | FACCH/H
SACCH/TH or
SACCH/TPH +
EPCCH/H | +|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|-------|-----|------|-----|--------------------------------------------------| +| UEP | Unequal Error Protection - EEP Equal Error Protection. | | | | | | | | +| (1) | This row is intended for the realization of wide-band speech codec and is ffs. | | | | | | | | +| (2) | Whether FACCH and PACCH are both needed is ffs. | | | | | | | | + +## A.2 Streaming, Interactive, Background Radio Access Bearers + +### A.2.1 Streaming + +Table A.2: Streaming RAB + +| PDCP | RLC | MAC | Physical Layer | | | | Dedicated Control Channel | | | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-------|-----------|---------------------------|-----------------|------------|------|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------|--|--| +| | | | Basic Physical SubChannel | Traffic Channel | | | | | | | +| | | | | Type | Interleav. | Mod. | | | | | +| Non Transparent Header Compression or No Adaptation Transparent | Unack | Dedicated | DBPSCH/F | PDTCH/F | 4 rect | GMSK | EEP | SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F PACCH/F | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F PACCH/F | | | +| | | | | TCH/F | ffs | GMSK | EEP | FACCH/F (1) SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | FACCH/F (1) SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F | | | +| | | | DBPSCH/H | PDTCH/H | 4 rect | GMSK | EEP | SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H PACCH/H | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H PACCH/H | | | +| | | | | TCH/H | ffs | GMSK | EEP | FACCH/H (1) SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H | | | +| | | | | | | GMSK | EEP | | | | +| Non Transparent Header Compression | Ack | Dedicated | DBPSCH/F | PDTCH/F | 4 rect | GMSK | EEP | SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F PACCH/F | | | + +| PDCP | RLC | MAC | Physical Layer | | | | | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-------|--------|---------------------------|-----------------|------------|------|--------|-----------------------------------------| +| | | | Basic Physical SubChannel | Traffic Channel | | | | Dedicated Control Channel | +| | | | | Type | Interleav. | Mod. | Coding | | +| n or No Adaptation Transparent | | | DBPSCH/H | PDTCH/H | 4 rect | 8PSK | EEP | SACCH/TF or SACCH/TPF + EPCCH/F PACCH/F | +| | | | | | | GMSK | EEP | SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H PACCH/H | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | SACCH/TH or SACCH/TPH + EPCCH/H PACCH/H | +| Non Transparent Header Compression or No Adaptation Transparent | Unack | Shared | SBPSCH/F | PDTCH/F | 4 rect | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/F PTCCH/F | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/F PTCCH/F | +| | | | SBPSCH/H | PDTCH/H | 4 rect | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/H PTCCH/H | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/H PTCCH/H | +| Non Transparent Header Compression or No Adaptation Transparent | Ack | Shared | SBPSCH/F | PDTCH/F | 4 rect | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/F PTCCH/F | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/F PTCCH/F | +| | | | SBPSCH/H | PDTCH/H | 4 rect | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/H PTCCH/H | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/H PTCCH/H | + +UEP Unequal Error Protection - EEP Equal Error Protection - OS Operational Scenario Supported + (1) Whether FACCH and PACCH are both needed when multiplexing PDTCH and TCH is FFS + +### A.2.2 Interactive + +Table A.3: Interactive RAB + +| PDCP | RLC | MAC | Physical Layer | | | | | Dedicated Control Channel | TCH multiplexing case (clause 5.1.1) | | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|-----------|---------------------------|-----------------|------------|------|--------|---------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|--|--| +| | | | Basic Physical SubChannel | Traffic Channel | | | | | | | | +| | | | | Type | Interleav. | Mod. | Coding | | | | | +| Non Transparent Header
Compression No Adaptation
Transparent | Ack | Dedicated | DBPSCH/F | PDTCH/F | 4 rect. | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/F
SACCH/TF or
SACCH/TPF +
EPCCH/F | 1-6 | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/F
SACCH/TF or
SACCH/TPF +
EPCCH/F | 1-6 | | | +| | | | DBPSCH/H | PDTCH/H | 4 rect. | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/FH
SACCH/TH or
SACCH/TPH +
EPCCH/H | 1-6 | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/H
SACCH/TH or
SACCH/TPH +
EPCCH/H | 1-6 | | | +| Non Transparent Header
Compression No Adaptation
Transparent | Ack | Shared | SBPSCH/F | PDTCH/F | 4 rect. | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/F
PTCCH/F | NA | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/F
PTCCH/F | NA | | | +| | | | SBPSCH/H | PDTCH/H | 4 rect. | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/H
PTCCH/H | NA | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/H
PTCCH/H | NA | | | + +UEP + +Unequal Error Protection - EEP Equal Error Protection + +### A.2.3 Background + +Table A.4: Background RAB + +| PDCP | RLC | MAC | Physical Layer | | | | | Dedicated Control Channel | | | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|-----|-----------|---------------------------|-----------------|------------|------|--------|---------------------------------------------------|---|--|--| +| | | | Basic Physical SubChannel | Traffic Channel | | | | | | | | +| | | | | Type | Interleav. | Mod. | Coding | | | | | +| Non Transparent Header Compression No Adaptation Transparent | Ack | Dedicated | DBPSCH/F | PDTCH/F | 4 rect. | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/F
SACCH/TF or
SACCH/TPF +
EPCCH/F | A | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/F
SACCH/TF or
SACCH/TPF +
EPCCH/F | | | | +| | | | DBPSCH/H | PDTCH/H | 4 rect. | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/FH
SACCH/TH or
SACCH/TPH +
EPCCH/H | | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/H
SACCH/TH or
SACCH/TPH +
EPCCH/H | | | | +| Non Transparent Header Compression No Adaptation Transparent | Ack | Shared | SBPSCH/F | PDTCH/F | 4 rect. | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/F
PTCCH/F | B | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/F
PTCCH/F | | | | +| | | | SBPSCH/H | PDTCH/H | 4 rect. | GMSK | EEP | PACCH/H
PTCCH/H | | | | +| | | | | | | 8PSK | EEP | PACCH/H
PTCCH/H | | | | + +UEP Unequal Error Protection - EEP Equal Error Protection + +# Annex B (informative): RLC/MAC Header format Convention + +## B.1 GPRS RLC/MAC data block header + +### B.1.1 Downlink RLC/MAC data block header + +The Downlink RLC/MAC data block header is formatted as shown in figure B.1. + +| Bit | | | | | | | | | | +|------------------|------|---|---|-----|-----|---|-----|--|--| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | | +| Payload Type | RRBP | | | S/P | USF | | | | | +| PR | TFI | | | | | | FBI | | | +| BSN | | | | | | E | | | | +| Length indicator | | | | | M | | E | | | +| . | | | | | | | | | | +| . | | | | | | | | | | +| . | | | | | | | | | | +| Length indicator | | | | | M | | E | | | + +Figure B.1: Downlink RLC/MAC Data Block header (CS-1, CS-2, CS-3, CS-4) + +### B.1.2 Uplink RLC/MAC data block header + +The Uplink RLC/MAC data block header is formatted as shown in figure B.2. + +| Bit | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|------------------|-----------------|---|---|---|----|---|---|--|--|--|--|--|--| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | +| Payload Type | Countdown Value | | | | SI | R | | | | | | | | +| Spare | TFI | | | | TI | | | | | | | | | +| BSN | | | | | | E | | | | | | | | +| Length indicator | | | | | M | | E | | | | | | | +| . | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| . | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| . | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Length indicator | | | | | M | | E | | | | | | | +| TLLI | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +Figure B.2: Uplink RLC/MAC Data Block Header (CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4) + +## B.2 EGPRS RLC/MAC data block header + +### B.2.1 Downlink RLC/MAC data block header + +The EGPRS combined downlink RLC/MAC header for MCS-7, MCS-8 and MCS-9 (header type 1) is formatted according to figure B.3. + +![](3337af75dfee8af7687b4f49914d6c93_img.jpg) + +| Bit | | | | | | | | +|------|------|----|------|------|-----|---|------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| TFI | RRBP | | ES/P | | USF | | | +| BSN1 | | PR | | TFI | | | | +| BSN1 | | | | | | | | +| BSN2 | | | | | | | BSN1 | +| CPS | | | | BSN2 | | | | + +**Figure B.3: Downlink RLC Data Block Header for MCS-7, MCS-8 and MCS-9** + +The EGPRS combined downlink RLC/MAC header for MCS-5 and MCS-6 (header type 2) is formatted according to figure B.4. + +![](237b76118be454462fc9b4e96adaa6c7_img.jpg) + +| Bit | | | | | | | | +|------|------|----|------|-----|-----|------|---| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| TFI | RRBP | | ES/P | | USF | | | +| BSN1 | | PR | | TFI | | | | +| BSN1 | | | | | | | | +| CPS | | | | | | BSN1 | | + +**Figure B.4: Downlink RLC Data Block Header for MCS-5 and MCS-6** + +The EGPRS combined downlink RLC/MAC header for MCS-1, MCS-2, MCS-3 and MCS-4 (header type 3) is formatted according to figure B.5. + +![](85b53faf49a839f512153285c78fbbdb_img.jpg) + +| Bit | | | | | | | | +|------|------|----|------|-----|-----|---|------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| TFI | RRBP | | ES/P | | USF | | | +| BSN1 | | PR | | TFI | | | | +| BSN1 | | | | | | | | +| SPB | | | CPS | | | | BSN1 | + +**Figure B.5: Downlink RLC Data Block Header for MCS-1, MCS-2, MCS-3 and MCS-4** + +### B.2.2 Uplink RLC/MAC data block header + +The EGPRS combined uplink RLC/MAC header for MCS-7, MCS-8 and MCS-9 (header type 1) is formatted according to figure B.6. + +![](818a57b74294582a480f23f82d95815f_img.jpg) + +| Bit | | | | | | | | +|-------|-----------------|------|---|-----|----|---|---| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| TFI | Countdown Value | | | | SI | | R | +| BSN1 | | | | TFI | | | | +| BSN2 | | BSN1 | | | | | | +| BSN2 | | | | | | | | +| Spare | | RSB | | CPS | | | | +| Spare | | | | | | | | + +**Figure B.6: Uplink RLC Data Block Header for MCS-7, MCS-8 and MCS-9** + +The EGPRS combined uplink RLC/MAC header for MCS-5 and MCS-6 (header type 2) is formatted according to figure B.7. + +![](03d9aaba6c1af8bfd8e42c1d2422ae5c_img.jpg) + +| Bit | | | | | | | | +|-------|-----------------|---|-----|---|----|---|-----| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| TFI | Countdown Value | | | | SI | R | | +| BSN1 | | | TFI | | | | | +| CPS | BSN1 | | | | | | | +| Spare | | | | | | | CPS | +| Spare | | | | | | | | + +Figure B.7: Uplink RLC Data Block Header for MCS-5 and MCS-6 + +The EGPRS combined uplink RLC/MAC header for MCS-1, MCS-2, MCS-3 and MCS-4 (header type 3) is formatted according to figure B.8. + +![](b774dfc5023e15e9c352b97ca25a56d4_img.jpg) + +| Bit | | | | | | | | +|-------|-----------------|-----|-----|---|-----|---|---| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| TFI | Countdown Value | | | | SI | R | | +| BSN1 | | | TFI | | | | | +| CPS | BSN1 | | | | | | | +| Spare | | RSB | SPB | | CPS | | | + +Figure B.8: Uplink RLC Data Block Header for MCS-1, MCS-2, MCS-3 and MCS-4 + +## B.3 ECSD RLC/MAC data block header + +The RLC/MAC data block headers for ECSD channel coding are identical in uplink and in downlink. + +### B.3.1 Uplink and downlink RLC/MAC data block header + +The header formatting is depicted in Figure B-9. + +![](48952b53cfa7fc5afa57e46ca69abe1a_img.jpg) + +| Bit | | | | | | | | +|------------------|---|---|---|---|----|-----|---| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| TFI | | | | P | PT | BSN | | +| BSN | | | | | | | E | +| Length indicator | | | | | | | E | +| . | | | | | | | | +| . | | | | | | | | +| . | | | | | | | | +| Length indicator | | | | | | | E | + +Figure B-9. Downlink and uplink RLC/MAC Data Block Header using ECSD. + +All header-fields in Figure B-9 except the P- and PT-fields follows the specification of GPRS and EGPRS. The Length Indicator is identical to the EGPRS Length Indicator, and the TFI is identical to the GPRS/EGPRS TFI field. The specification of the P- and PT-fields is included below. + +**Polling bit.** This bit is set if the receiver is polled for an ACK/NAK report. P=0 implies that polling should be ignored, while P=1 requires that the receiver sends an ACK/NAK report to the transmitter. + +**Payload type.** If PT=1 then the RLC/MAC block contains user data, and if PT=0 then the RLC/MAC-block contains control information. + +Block check sequences are also defined for data blocks on ECSD channels. However, they are not shown in Figure B-9 since they are not considered to be part of the header. An 8-bit block check sequence is mandatory for the header while a 16-bit block check sequence is optional for the payload. + +Whether the block check sequence on the payload is used or not is negotiated during service setup. + +# Annex C (informative): RRC States, MAC States and RRC Connection Mobility + +## C.1 Void + +## C.2 MAC states + +This clause describes the MAC state model for GERAN in *Iu mode*. The model shows the MAC state for the MAC control entity of an MS and not for individual radio bearers. What characterizes the different MAC states is how new radio resource allocation is performed i.e. by MAC or RRC, using PCCCH/PACCH/PDTCH or FACCH/SDCCH. + +![Figure C-2. States of the MAC Control Entity. A state transition diagram showing four states: MAC DTM state, MAC Dedicated state, MAC Shared state, and MAC Idle state. Transitions are triggered by events like 'Last TBF/SPSCH release', 'First TBF/SPSCH setup', 'Last dedicated channel release', 'First dedicated channel setup', 'Additional dedicated channel setup/release', and 'FFS*'. The diagram shows complex transitions between these states based on these events.](ad555483986d7170a46ce72d164b5bc8_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> MAC_Dedicated_state + [*] --> MAC_Shared_state + [*] --> MAC_DTM_state + + MAC_Dedicated_state --> MAC_DTM_state : Last TBF/SPSCH release + MAC_Dedicated_state --> MAC_Shared_state : Last dedicated channel release + MAC_Dedicated_state --> MAC_Idle_state : Last dedicated channel release + MAC_Dedicated_state --> MAC_Dedicated_state : Additional dedicated channel setup/release + + MAC_Shared_state --> MAC_DTM_state : Last dedicated channel release + MAC_Shared_state --> MAC_Idle_state : Last TBF/SPSCH release + MAC_Shared_state --> MAC_Dedicated_state : First dedicated channel setup + MAC_Shared_state --> MAC_Shared_state : Additional TBF/SPSCH setup/release + + MAC_Idle_state --> MAC_Dedicated_state : First dedicated channel setup* + MAC_Idle_state --> MAC_Shared_state : First TBF/SPSCH setup + MAC_Idle_state --> MAC_DTM_state : First TBF/SPSCH setup + + MAC_DTM_state --> MAC_Dedicated_state : First TBF/SPSCH setup + MAC_DTM_state --> MAC_Shared_state : First dedicated channel setup + MAC_DTM_state --> MAC_DTM_state : Additional dedicated channel/TBF setup/release + +``` + +Figure C-2. States of the MAC Control Entity. A state transition diagram showing four states: MAC DTM state, MAC Dedicated state, MAC Shared state, and MAC Idle state. Transitions are triggered by events like 'Last TBF/SPSCH release', 'First TBF/SPSCH setup', 'Last dedicated channel release', 'First dedicated channel setup', 'Additional dedicated channel setup/release', and 'FFS\*'. The diagram shows complex transitions between these states based on these events. + +\* Which way dedicated channel setup is carried out is FFS. + +Figure C-2. States of the MAC Control Entity + +### C.2.1 MAC-Dedicated state + +The MAC Control entity will be in MAC-Dedicated state when RRC is in RRC-Cell\_Dedicated state and a dedicated basic physical subchannel is used and no shared basic physical subchannel is established. In MAC-Dedicated state MAC has no control functionality. + +#### C.2.1.1 Transition from MAC-Dedicated state to MAC-Idle state + +The transition occurs when the last dedicated basic physical subchannel is released. + +#### C.2.1.2 Transition from MAC-Dedicated state to MAC-Shared state + +This transition is FFS. + +#### C.2.1.3 Transition from MAC-Dedicated state to MAC-DTM state + +The transition occurs when a first TBF on shared basic physical subchannel(s) is established. The establishment of the TBF is handled by RRC. + +### C.2.2 MAC-Shared state + +The MAC control entity is in MAC-Shared state when at least one TBF is ongoing but no dedicated basic physical subchannels have been allocated. The corresponding RRC state is RRC-Cell\_Shared state. + +#### C.2.2.1 Transition from MAC-Shared state to MAC-DTM state + +The transition occurs when the first dedicated basic physical subchannel is set up while maintaining at least one of the ongoing TBFs on shared basic physical subchannel(s). + +#### C.2.2.2 Transition from MAC-Shared state to MAC-Idle state + +The transition occurs when all TBFs are released. + +#### C.2.2.3 Transition from MAC-Shared state to MAC-Dedicated state + +The transition occurs when the first dedicated channel is set up (on the same cell or a different cell) for the MS. TBFs from the shared mode are released at transition to dedicated mode. This transition is FFS. + +### C.2.3 MAC-Idle state + +The MAC control entity of an MS is in MAC-Idle state when there are no dedicated or shared basic physical subchannels. RRC can be in RRC-Cell\_Shared state, RRC-GRA\_PCH state or RRC-Idle mode. In this state, the MS camps on the PCCH. + +#### C.2.3.1 Transition from MAC-Idle state to MAC-Dedicated state + +The transition occurs when the first dedicated basic physical subchannel is established. This transition is FFS. + +#### C.2.3.2 Transition from MAC-IDLE state to MAC-SHARED state + +The transition occurs when the first TBF on shared basic physical subchannel(s) is established. + +### C.2.4 MAC-DTM state + +The MAC control entity of an MS is in this state when it has one or more dedicated basic physical subchannel(s) and one or more shared basic physical subchannel(s) allocated. The corresponding RRC state is RRC-Cell\_Dedicated state. + +#### C.2.4.1 Transition from MAC-DTM state to MAC-Dedicated state + +This transition occurs when the last shared basic physical subchannel is released. + +#### C.2.4.2 Transition from MAC-DTM state to MAC-Shared state + +This transition occurs when the last dedicated basic physical subchannel is released. + +## C.3 Mapping between RRC States and MAC States + +In the following table, it is described the mapping between GERAN RRC and MAC states and possible channel combinations. RRC always handles the allocation of DBPSCH and it also controls which SBPSCHs MAC is allowed to use. MAC always allocates PDTCHs when using SBPSCHs. The table below shows which protocol is responsible for the different procedures in different scenarios. + +**Table C.3: Mapping between RRC and MAC states** + +| Currently Allocated channel(s) | | Allocation of new resources | | Current Control Plane States | | +|--------------------------------|-----------------|-------------------------------|-----------------|------------------------------|----------------| +| TCH, SDCCH or PDTCH on DBPSCH | PDTCH on SBPSCH | TCH, SDCCH or PDTCH on DBPSCH | PDTCH on SBPSCH | MAC State | RRC State | +| 1 (or more) | - | RRC | RRC | Dedicated | Cell_Dedicated | +| 1 (or more) | 1 (or more) | | MAC | DTM | | +| - | 1 (or more) | NA
(Note 1) | | Shared | Cell_Shared | +| - | - | | NA | Idle | | +| - | - | | | | GRA_PCH | + +| | | | | | | +|---|---|----------------|--|--|---------------| +| - | - | NA
(Note 2) | | | RRC-Idle Mode | +|---|---|----------------|--|--|---------------| + +Note 1. A TCH or an SDCCH may be allocated by RRC in RRC-GRA\_PCH state and in RRC\_Cell\_Shared state (when receiving a TCH or an SDCCH assignment on PAGCH, MAC enters the MAC\_Dedicated state or the MAC\_DTM state respectively and RRC enters the RRC-Cell\_Dedicated state). + +Note 2. A TCH or an SDCCH may be allocated by RRC through MAC (when receiving a TCH or an SDCCH assignment on PAGCH MAC enters the MAC-Dedicated state). + +# --- Annex D (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|-----|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| Nov. 00 | 02 | GP-000930 | | | New specification approved by TSG-GERAN | | 4.0.0 | +| Jan. 01 | 03 | GP-010041 | 001 | | Editorial corrections of sections 2 and 3 | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Jan. 01 | 03 | GP-010042 | 002 | | Corrections of section on GERAN architecture | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Jan. 01 | 03 | GP-010044 | 003 | | Changes to clause 6 | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Jan. 01 | 03 | GP-010289 | 004 | 1 | Clarification wrt TFI unicity | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Jan. 01 | 03 | GP-010051 | 005 | | Definition of the MAC functions | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Jan. 01 | 03 | GP-010290 | 006 | 1 | Editorial corrections of Annex C | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Jan. 01 | 03 | GP-010137 | 007 | | RLC/MAC header formats for ECSD channels | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Jan. 01 | 03 | GP-010220 | 008 | | Change of MAC modes into MAC states; corrections related to PDTCH on DPSCH | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Jan. 01 | 03 | GP-010221 | 009 | | Clarification of RRC functions | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | +| Apr. 01 | 04 | GP-010891 | 011 | 1 | Re-configuration of RB onto DPSCH | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Apr. 01 | 04 | GP-010963 | 012 | 2 | Working assumptions for RRC design | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Apr. 01 | 04 | GP-010964 | 013 | 2 | Introduction of RRC connection mobility assumptions for GERAN | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Apr. 01 | 04 | GP-010883 | 015 | 1 | Clarifications and corrections to section 6.3 and Annex C | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Apr. 01 | 04 | GP-010605 | 016 | | Removal of Physical Layer Multiplexing from 43.051 | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Apr. 01 | 04 | GP-010887 | 017 | 1 | Introduction of RLC SDU Discard | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Apr. 01 | 04 | GP-010762 | 018 | | Removal of the quarter rate channels | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| Apr. 01 | 04 | GP-010603 | 019 | | Inclusion of the decision of adopting RLC/MAC as layer 2 on the control plane | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| June 01 | 05 | GP-011021 | 020 | | Introduction of Iu-r between UTRAN and GERAN in the specification | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| June 01 | 05 | GP-011411 | 021 | 1 | Introduction of the definition of Signalling Radio Bearers | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| June 01 | 05 | GP-011282 | 022 | 1 | On security issues | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| June 01 | 05 | GP-011024 | 023 | | Ciphering of signaling radio bearers | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| June 01 | 05 | GP-011363 | 024 | 1 | Introduction of Enhanced Power Control | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| June 01 | 05 | GP-011026 | 025 | | Editorial Changes Related to Fast Power Control for ECSD and other minor clean-ups | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| June 01 | 05 | GP-011373 | 026 | 2 | Working assumption on mode selection | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| June 01 | 05 | GP-011345 | 027 | 1 | Introduction of area concept in GERAN | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| June 01 | 05 | GP-011366 | 028 | 1 | Changes of references to GERAN Release 4 and editorial changes | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| Aug. 01 | 06 | GP-011678 | 030 | | Alignment with Physical Channel definition in 45.002 | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| Nov. 01 | 07 | GP-012834 | 034 | 2 | Inclusion of GERAN Iu Internal Cell Identity CI | 5.3.0 | 5.4.0 | +| Nov. 01 | 07 | GP-012705 | 035 | 1 | Removal of Fast Random Access from GERAN Rel5 Iu | 5.3.0 | 5.4.0 | +| Feb. 02 | 08 | GP-020253 | 033 | 2 | Introduction of support for MSC/SGSN in pool in GERAN Iu mode | 5.4.0 | 5.5.0 | +| Feb. 02 | 08 | GP-020268 | 037 | | Mandatoriness of the P channels and procedures on PCCCH | 5.4.0 | 5.5.0 | +| Feb. 02 | 08 | GP-020461 | 040 | 1 | Correction of alignment with physical channel definition in 45.002 | 5.4.0 | 5.5.0 | +| Apr. 02 | 09 | GP-021257 | 036 | 5 | CS services for GERAN Iu-mode | 5.5.0 | 5.6.0 | +| Apr. 02 | 09 | GP-020711 | 038 | 1 | Interfaces between GERAN and CN | 5.5.0 | 5.6.0 | +| Apr. 02 | 09 | GP-020883 | 039 | 3 | Integrity protection in GERAN | 5.5.0 | 5.6.0 | +| Apr. 02 | 09 | GP-021147 | 042 | 1 | Alignment of RLC Functions with stage 3 | 5.5.0 | 5.6.0 | +| Apr. 02 | 09 | GP-021146 | 044 | 1 | Clean-up | 5.5.0 | 5.6.0 | +| Apr. 02 | 09 | GP-020874 | 045 | | Count input to ciphering algorithm | 5.5.0 | 5.6.0 | +| Apr. 02 | 11 | GP-022802 | 041 | 8 | MAC multiplexing and scheduling | 5.6.0 | 5.7.0 | +| Aug. 02 | 11 | GP-022799 | 049 | 2 | TBF reallocation | 5.6.0 | 5.7.0 | +| Nov. 02 | 12 | GP-023356 | 050 | 2 | Principles of Iu mode establishment causes | 5.7.0 | 5.8.0 | +| Apr. 03 | 14 | GP-030822 | 052 | | Correction to SBPSCH and SBPSCH/H | 5.8.0 | 5.9.0 | +| Aug. 03 | 16 | GP-032198 | 054 | 1 | PUESBINE feature in GERAN Iu mode | 5.9.0 | 5.10.0 | +| Nov. 03 | 17 | GP-032805 | 053 | 5 | Introduction of Flexible Layer One | 5.10.0 | 6.0.0 | +| Aug. 07 | 35 | | | | Version for Release 7 | 6.0.0 | 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+|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Characteristics, test methods and quality assessment..... | 7 | +| 4.1 Environmental conditions for a car type handsfree Mobile Station..... | 7 | +| 4.1.1 Data available on real use environment..... | 7 | +| 4.1.1.1 Reverberation and echo ..... | 7 | +| 4.1.1.2 Sources and types of noise. Level and Spectra of the noise ..... | 8 | +| 4.1.1.2.1 Noise due to engine, tyres and moving situations..... | 8 | +| 4.1.1.2.2 Noise due to equipment inside the cars..... | 13 | +| 4.1.1.2.3 Signal to noise ratio in the car situation ..... | 14 | +| 4.1.1.3 Noise and echo..... | 15 | +| 4.1.2 Environment for testing handsfree mobile station..... | 17 | +| 4.1.2.1 Classification of handsfree mobile terminals..... | 17 | +| 4.1.2.2 Vehicle simulator..... | 17 | +| 4.1.2.2.1 Cost estimation for a vehicle simulator for handsfree testing..... | 17 | +| 4.1.2.3 Advisory text for installation of handsfree MS in a vehicle environment..... | 18 | +| 4.1.2.4 Test environment ..... | 18 | +| 4.1.2.4.1 Anechoic room ..... | 18 | +| 4.1.2.4.2 " Real use " situation (Handsfree in a real car or in a car simulator) ..... | 18 | +| 4.1.3 Measurements on a GSM handsfree telephone - Influence of the environment and the test conditions on frequency responses and loudness ratings..... | 19 | +| 4.2 Delay in handsfree terminals implemented with signal processing techniques..... | 22 | +| 4.2.1 Signal processing techniques for acoustic echo cancelling and noise reduction..... | 22 | +| 4.2.2 Examples of delays due to signal processing techniques ..... | 22 | +| 4.2.2.1 Data produced by Matra Communication..... | 22 | +| 4.2.2.2 Data produced by Ericsson ..... | 23 | +| 4.3 Speech quality assessment ..... | 24 | +| 4.3.1 General - Factors affecting the speech quality of the GSM system and derivatives ..... | 24 | +| 4.3.2 Main Assessment Criteria for Handsfree processing used in GSM mobile environment ..... | 27 | +| 4.3.3 Evaluation Methodology for Full-Duplex Acoustic Echo Controllers developed within the FREETEL-Esprit project..... | 28 | +| 4.3.3.1 Objective Evaluation procedure..... | 28 | +| 4.3.3.1.1 Objective Evaluation methodology of AEC devices..... | 29 | +| 4.3.3.1.2 Test Signals used from the FREETEL-Esprit Database..... | 32 | +| 4.3.3.2 Adapted objective evaluation procedure to a GSM Handsfree mobile ..... | 32 | +| 4.3.3.2.1 Motivation of an adapted evaluation procedure..... | 32 | +| 4.3.3.2.2 Objective evaluation procedure for prototyping the GSM Handsfree AEC algorithms ..... | 33 | +| 4.3.3.2.3 Proposed Objective-Subjective Evaluation procedure..... | 35 | +| 4.3.3.2.4 Derived Evaluation schemes for Handsfree mobile telephones..... | 35 | +| 4.3.4 Subjective tests ..... | 38 | +| 4.3.4.1 Subjective opinion tests ..... | 38 | +| 4.3.4.1.1 Listening opinion tests ..... | 38 | +| 4.3.4.1.2 Conversation Opinion Tests..... | 38 | +| 4.3.4.1.3 Proposed test method ..... | 38 | +| 4.3.4.2 Subjective tests extracted from "Ultimate test set" ..... | 39 | + +**Annex A: Subjective Tests from UTS.....41** + +**Annex B: Bibliography.....45** + +B.1 References of TD presented in SMG2/ad hoc 03.50 meetings .....45 + +B.2 References from subclause 4.1.....45 + +B.3 References from subclause 4.2.1.....46 + +B.4 References from subclause 4.3.1.....46 + +B.5 References from subclause 4.3.3.....46 + +Annex C (informative): Change history.....47 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document gives some guidelines to implement test methods and to evaluate the transmission quality of handsfree Mobile Stations (MSs). The normative characteristics and test methods for handsfree Mobile Stations (MSs) are defined in GSM 03.50). The present document gives additional data. + +It includes summaries of texts or contributions presented and discussed during the meetings of ad hoc group SMG2/03.50 on environmental conditions, speech processing and quality assessment for handsfree Mobile Station. + +The items covered by this report are mainly. + +- Environmental conditions for handsfree Mobile Stations. +- Speech processing techniques and consequences on delay. +- Speech quality assessment for handsfree implementing acoustic echo cancellation and noise reduction. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] I-ETS 300 245-3: "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN);Technical characteristics of telephony terminals; Part 3: Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) A-law". +- [2] ITU-T Recommendation G.113: "Transmission Impairments Quantisation Distortion". +- [3] ITU-T Recommendation G.114: "Transmission Impairments, Delay". +- [4] ITU-T Recommendation G.165: "Performances of Network Echo Cancellers". +- [5] ITU-T Recommendation G.167: "Performance of acoustic echo control devices". +- [6] ITU-T Recommendation G.711: "64 kbit/s Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)". +- [7] ITU-T Recommendation G.721: "32 kbit/s Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (ADPCM)". +- [8] ITU-T Recommendation G.728: "16 kbit/s Low Delay CELP". +- [9] ITU-T Recommendation G.729: "8 kbit/s ACELP". +- [10] ITU-T Recommendation G.731: "Echo". +- [11] ITU-T Recommendation P.50: "Artificial Voices". +- [12] ITU-T Recommendation P.58: "Head and Torso Simulator (HATS) for telephonometry". +- [13] ITU-T Recommendation P.340: "Transmission Characteristics of Handsfree Telephones". +- [14] ITU-T Handbook On Telephonometry, Geneva 1987. +- [15] GSM 03.50: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Transmission planning aspects of the speech service in the GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) system". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: + +**Terminal Coupling Loss (TCL):** frequency dependent coupling loss between the receiving port and sending port of a terminal due to: + +- acoustical coupling at the user interface; +- electrical coupling due to crosstalk in the handset cord or within the electrical circuits; +- seismic coupling through the mechanical parts of the terminal. + +NOTE 1: The receiving port and the sending port of a digital voice terminal is a 0 dBBr point. + +NOTE 2: The coupling at the user interface depends on the conditions of use. + +**Weighted Terminal Coupling Loss (TCLW):** weighted Terminal Coupling Loss using the weighting of CCITT Recommendation G.122. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|------|---------------------------------| +| HATS | Head and Torso Simulator | +| MRP | Mouth Reference Point | +| RLR | Receive Loudness Rating | +| SLR | Send Loudness Rating | +| TCL | Terminal Coupling Loss | +| TCLw | Weighted Terminal Coupling Loss | + +# --- 4 Characteristics, test methods and quality assessment + +## 4.1 Environmental conditions for a car type handsfree Mobile Station + +### 4.1.1 Data available on real use environment + +#### 4.1.1.1 Reverberation and echo + +- a) From Background acoustic noise reduction in mobile telephony (see subclause B.2 reference [1]). + +The reverberation times determined from the impulse response inside the cabin are in the order of 25 ms. + +- b) From Speech enhancement for mobile telephony (see subclause B.2 reference [2]). + +The reverberation time, determined from the impulse response, is around 30ms (it is assumed that the long impulse of the source - a small loudspeaker - may explain why this result is greater than value determined by, reference [1] of subclause B.2. + +- c) From Contribution à l'amélioration des performances d'un radiotelephone mains-libres à commande vocale (see subclause B.2 reference [3]). + +The reverberance, in this report, is not defined directly by the reverberation time, but by the part of impulse response energy (from 0 to $t$ ), relative to total energy, as a time function. + +**Table 1** + +| Time (ms) | Loss (dB). R25 | Loss (dB). 505 | +|------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------| +| 10 | 10.2 | 9.2 | +| 20 | 22.5 | 20.2 | +| 30 | 32.5 | 30.5 | + +#### 4.1.1.2 Sources and types of noise. Level and Spectra of the noise + +##### 4.1.1.2.1 Noise due to engine, tyres and moving situations + +- a) From Acoustic noise analysis and speech enhancement for mobile radio applications (see subclause B.2 reference [4]). +- Test conditions. + - Car: Alfa Romeo Alfetta 200J. + - Supercardioid directional microphones. + - Microphone positions: 3 Measurement positions (Front seats, driver and passenger head positions. Middle of rear seat, passenger head position). In these 3 positions, the signals are almost the same. + - Signal analysis: DFT analysis. + +**Table 2** + +| Testing conditions | Vehicle speed (km/h) | Engine rate (r.p.m.) | Road pavement | +|---------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|----------------------| +| a | 0 | 4000 | asphalt | +| b | 100 | 0 | asphalt | + +- Noise + - in testing condition " a ": a very high peak of energy appears around 120 Hz, at the fundamental frequency of the four strokes four cylinders engine noise. The noise power spectrum decreases hardly between this frequency and 3 kHz. + - in testing condition " b ": (gear in neutral position, engine kept off), the peak of power in low frequency region disappears and the noise power between 1 kHz and 6 kHz increases considerably relative to condition " a ". +- b) From Background acoustic noise reduction in mobile telephony (see subclause B.2 reference [1]) +- Test conditions. +- Measurements were made in a typical mid-size North American car. +- Noise spectrum. see figure 1. + +![Figure 1: Noise spectrum graph showing a curve on a grid. The y-axis is labeled -11 dBV, -20 dBV, and -30 dBV. The x-axis is labeled START: 0 Hz, END: 33.488 Hz, and STOP: 10.000 Hz. The curve starts at approximately -11 dBV at 0 Hz and decreases to about -28 dBV at 10.000 Hz. The graph also shows 'A: STORED', 'RANGE: 10 dBV', and 'STATUS: PAUSED'.](bedcca5cdf168e3508ef511d94ec514c_img.jpg) + +Figure 1: Noise spectrum graph showing a curve on a grid. The y-axis is labeled -11 dBV, -20 dBV, and -30 dBV. The x-axis is labeled START: 0 Hz, END: 33.488 Hz, and STOP: 10.000 Hz. The curve starts at approximately -11 dBV at 0 Hz and decreases to about -28 dBV at 10.000 Hz. The graph also shows 'A: STORED', 'RANGE: 10 dBV', and 'STATUS: PAUSED'. + +**Figure 1: Noise spectrum** + +The noise power spectrum inside the cabin is mainly located in very low frequencies (below 250 Hz). Comparing the noise outside and inside the cabin, it appears that the car acts as a low pass filter with cutoff frequency around 250 Hz. + +Between 250 Hz and about 1.3 kHz, the noise power decreases by about 20 dB. + +Above 2 kHz the slope is about -6 dB/octave. + +c) From Speech enhancement for mobile telephony (see subclause B.2 reference [2]). + +- Test conditions + - Vehicle: midsize car + - Speed conditions: idle, 50 km/h, 100 km/h + - Fan conditions: fan off, fan low, fan high + - Roads are dry and relatively smooth. + - Windows are closed. + - The analysis bandwidth is limited to 4 kHz. +- **Noise.** see figure 2. + +![Figure 2: Noise power. A line graph showing Power Spectral Density (PSD) in dB on the y-axis (0 to 100) versus Frequency in Hz on the x-axis (0 to 4000). Three curves are plotted: 100 km/h (solid line), 50 km/h (dashed line), and IDLE (dotted line). All curves show a general decrease in PSD as frequency increases, with the 100 km/h curve being the highest and the IDLE curve being the lowest. The curves converge towards zero at high frequencies (above 4000 Hz).](f519a5be118c846f631c992412353fb9_img.jpg) + +Figure 2: Noise power. A line graph showing Power Spectral Density (PSD) in dB on the y-axis (0 to 100) versus Frequency in Hz on the x-axis (0 to 4000). Three curves are plotted: 100 km/h (solid line), 50 km/h (dashed line), and IDLE (dotted line). All curves show a general decrease in PSD as frequency increases, with the 100 km/h curve being the highest and the IDLE curve being the lowest. The curves converge towards zero at high frequencies (above 4000 Hz). + +**Figure 2: Noise power** + +With fan off, the maximum of energy is located in low frequencies (below 500 Hz), the peak in the spectrum increasing by about 10 dB from idle to 50 km/h or 100 km/h. + +Increasing the car speed increases the noise energy, especially in higher frequencies (more than 10 dB from 50 km/h to 100 km/h) . + +At high speeds the road noise dominates, while at lower speeds the contribution of the fan to the noise level may become important. + +- d) From Contribution à l'amélioration des performances d'un radiotelephone mains-libres à commande vocale (see subclause B.2 reference [3]). +- Test conditions. + - Cars: Renault 25 and Peugeot 505. + - Omnidirectional microphone. + - The mean value is calculated from about 10 measurements. + - Noise. + - Engine noise. + +In general, from low frequencies to frequencies in the bandwidth 1 kHz - 1,5 kHz, the level of the spectral components of the engine noise (4 cylinders) decreases by 40 dB. see figure 3 (From Perulli). + +![Figure 3: Level of the spectral components of the engine noise. A line graph showing Sound Pressure Level (dB(A)) on the y-axis versus Frequency (kHz) on the x-axis. The x-axis ranges from 0.5 to 4.5 kHz. The y-axis has a vertical scale with markers for 10dB and 40dB. The graph shows a noisy signal that starts high at low frequencies and generally decreases as frequency increases. A prominent peak is labeled '2ND ORDER COMPONENT OF ENGINE REVOLUTION' at approximately 1.5 kHz.](ff2492be4fa814905acbad18f261b8a5_img.jpg) + +Figure 3: Level of the spectral components of the engine noise. A line graph showing Sound Pressure Level (dB(A)) on the y-axis versus Frequency (kHz) on the x-axis. The x-axis ranges from 0.5 to 4.5 kHz. The y-axis has a vertical scale with markers for 10dB and 40dB. The graph shows a noisy signal that starts high at low frequencies and generally decreases as frequency increases. A prominent peak is labeled '2ND ORDER COMPONENT OF ENGINE REVOLUTION' at approximately 1.5 kHz. + +**Figure 3: Level of the spectral components of the engine noise** + +Increasing the engine rate from 2500 r.p.m. to 4000 r.p.m. (that corresponds to speeds about 120 km/h and 150 km/h, depending on the car) increases the noise by about 10 dB. + +- Noise due to the engine and to the tyres. + +Starting the car: engine noise is dominant. + +Urban driving: the two noise sources are equivalent. + +On fast roads, tyre noise is preponderant, mainly if the road is wet. + +Above 1600 Hz, the type of road has low influence on the noise spectrum. + +If the road is wet, above 1 kHz, the level increases relative the dry road condition, and increases with the frequency. + +###### **Supplementary data on the noise generated by the tyres:** + +Influence of the granular type of the road (From Perulli) + +**Table 3** + +| Octave band (Hz) | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | +|------------------|------|------|------|------| +| 31.5 | 87.5 | 87 | 88 | 89 | +| 63 | 85 | 86 | 88 | 93.5 | +| 125 | 72.5 | 74 | 76.5 | 84 | +| 250 | 71 | 70 | 71.5 | 77.5 | +| 500 | 68 | 62 | 64 | 64 | +| 1k | 59 | 58.5 | 60.5 | 60 | +| 2k | 49 | 48.5 | 49 | 47.5 | +| 4k | 40 | 39 | 36 | 37.5 | +| 8k | 22 | 26 | 23 | 23 | + +For the conditions (1) to (4) the granular type of the road pavement increases. + +###### - Overall noise + +This report gives also results of spectra measured in one car (R25), for two speeds and two types of road. The microphones are located in the middle of the steering wheel and on the sun visor. See figures 4 and 5. + +![Figure 4: Two line graphs showing noise spectra. The left graph is labeled 'Centre volant' and the right graph is labeled 'pare soleil'. Both plots show 'VALUE' on the y-axis (ranging from 30 to 90) and 'FREQ' on the x-axis (ranging from 0.0 to 4005). The spectra show high energy at low frequencies (below 500 Hz) and then level off into a noisy floor between 40 and 60 dB.](602ada2a012ff3cc38d91de2eec5b450_img.jpg) + +Figure 4: Two line graphs showing noise spectra. The left graph is labeled 'Centre volant' and the right graph is labeled 'pare soleil'. Both plots show 'VALUE' on the y-axis (ranging from 30 to 90) and 'FREQ' on the x-axis (ranging from 0.0 to 4005). The spectra show high energy at low frequencies (below 500 Hz) and then level off into a noisy floor between 40 and 60 dB. + +**Figure 4:** + +![Figure 5: Two line graphs showing noise spectra for a Renault 25 GTX at 60 km/h. The left graph is labeled 'Centre volant' and the right graph is labeled 'pare soleil'. Both plots show 'VALUE' on the y-axis (30 to 90) and 'FREQ' on the x-axis (0.0 to 4005). The spectral shape is similar to Figure 4, with a sharp drop-off after the initial low-frequency peak.](6279fafb3a874e174648eb907385c954_img.jpg) + +voiture : Renault 25 GTX +vitesse : 60 km/h +Banc à rouleau (granulométrie lisse) + +Figure 5: Two line graphs showing noise spectra for a Renault 25 GTX at 60 km/h. The left graph is labeled 'Centre volant' and the right graph is labeled 'pare soleil'. Both plots show 'VALUE' on the y-axis (30 to 90) and 'FREQ' on the x-axis (0.0 to 4005). The spectral shape is similar to Figure 4, with a sharp drop-off after the initial low-frequency peak. + +**Figure 5:** + +e) From On the influence of front end processing schemes on the GSM codec behaviour in the context of handsfree radiotelephony (see subclause B.2 reference [5]). + +- Test conditions, + - Midsized cars, + - Idle, 70, 100 and 120 km/h, + +###### - Noise + +![Figure 6: Noise power spectral densities (PSD) in dB versus Frequency (Hz) from 0 to 4000 Hz. The graph shows four curves: smooth road 100 km/h (solid line), hard road 100 km/h (dashed line), hard road 120 km/h (dash-dot line), and a dotted line representing another condition. All curves show a general decrease in PSD with increasing frequency, with a notable peak around 3000 Hz for the hard road 120 km/h curve. The smooth road 100 km/h curve is the lowest, while the hard road 120 km/h curve is the highest at low frequencies.](e6b5ee67ac260b0a3ed3e3c5ad7ea19c_img.jpg) + +Figure 6: Noise power spectral densities (PSD) in dB versus Frequency (Hz) from 0 to 4000 Hz. The graph shows four curves: smooth road 100 km/h (solid line), hard road 100 km/h (dashed line), hard road 120 km/h (dash-dot line), and a dotted line representing another condition. All curves show a general decrease in PSD with increasing frequency, with a notable peak around 3000 Hz for the hard road 120 km/h curve. The smooth road 100 km/h curve is the lowest, while the hard road 120 km/h curve is the highest at low frequencies. + +**Figure 6: Noise power spectral densities (-) smooth road 100 km/h (..) hard road 100 km/h (-.-) hard road 120 km/h** + +The noise is dominated by low frequency energy mainly concentrated below 500 Hz. + +Between moving on the smooth road and on a hard road, the low frequency energy increases by 12 dB (at a speed of 100 km/h). + +The noise caused by the air hitting the windshield appears mainly when the speed is increased. Increasing the car speed from 100 km/h to 120 km/h (on the same road) results in an increase of the noise power by 6 dB, located mainly above 1 kHz. + +- f) From Noise spectra (see subclause B.2 reference [6]). + +Supplement n° 13 of the CCITT blue book defines some noise figures for moving and stationary vehicles. + +##### 4.1.1.2.2 Noise due to equipment inside the cars + +From **Binaural Measurements of loudness as a parameter in the evaluation of sound quality in automobiles** (see subclause B.2 reference [8]). + +The results reported are limited to the influence of the heater fan (at different speeds). + +The measurements are done by a HATS placed in the car on the driver seat. The two ear simulators are available. + +The loudness is calculated according to ISO 532 method B ("Zwicker"). + +The results are expressed in sones (3 sones being considered as the loudness level of the background noise). + +The loudness level due to the fan varies from 3 sones to 6, 11 and 18 sones, as function of the fan speed. + +##### 4.1.1.2.3 Signal to noise ratio in the car situation + +From **Hands-free and handset mobile telephoning: simulated in situ assessment of telephonic signals and noise using HATS** (see subclause B.2 reference [8]). + +Vehicle speed of 100 km/h is simulated on a chassis dynamometer. + +Wind noise not simulated. + +Windows and doors closed. + +The test is done with a HATS, and through a commercial mobile telephone. + +The handsfree microphone and loudspeaker are located at the center console of the dashboard + +**Sending**, see figure 7. + +![Figure 7: A graph showing microphone line voltage (V_r) in dB re 1.00V versus frequency in Hz. The y-axis ranges from -70 dB to -10 dB. The x-axis ranges from 125 Hz to 8 kHz. Two curves are shown: 'Loud speech' and 'Cabin noise 100 km/h'. The 'Loud speech' curve is generally higher than the 'Cabin noise' curve. An inset diagram shows a HATS head with a microphone (Mic.) and a loudspeaker (P_m).](35bae65e940db581c7559355e04dbb76_img.jpg) + +Figure 7 is a line graph titled "4. Speech and cabin noise Hands-free transmission Microphone line voltage, $V_r$ ". The y-axis represents the microphone line voltage in dB re 1.00V, ranging from -70 to -10. The x-axis represents frequency in Hz, ranging from 125 to 8k. Two curves are plotted: "Loud speech" and "Cabin noise 100 km/h". The "Loud speech" curve is generally higher than the "Cabin noise" curve. An inset diagram shows a HATS head with a microphone (Mic.) and a loudspeaker (P\_m). The graph is labeled with "X: 91.7Hz + 10.9kHz" and "A L [Hz]". + +Figure 7: A graph showing microphone line voltage (V\_r) in dB re 1.00V versus frequency in Hz. The y-axis ranges from -70 dB to -10 dB. The x-axis ranges from 125 Hz to 8 kHz. Two curves are shown: 'Loud speech' and 'Cabin noise 100 km/h'. The 'Loud speech' curve is generally higher than the 'Cabin noise' curve. An inset diagram shows a HATS head with a microphone (Mic.) and a loudspeaker (P\_m). + +**Figure 7:** + +The speech level produced by HATS is measured at the MRP. + +Normal speech level: - 5 dBPa. + +Loud speech level: + 7dBPa. + +The noise signal ratio is about + 3 dB for loud level, and approximately -10 dB for normal level. + +**Receiving**. Figure 8. + +![Figure 8: A line graph showing sound pressure level (dB re 1.00Pa) versus frequency (Hz) for speech and cabin noise. The y-axis ranges from -60 to 0 dB in 5 dB increments. The x-axis ranges from 125 Hz to 10.9 kHz on a logarithmic scale. Three curves are plotted: 'Speech max. volume' (highest), 'Speech norm. volume' (middle), and 'Cabin noise 100km/h' (lowest). An inset diagram shows a car interior with a microphone (P_e) and a speaker (Spkr.).](0a8d173734e4e46c344178e8d21bcbc3_img.jpg) + +Figure 8 is a line graph showing the sound pressure level (dB re 1.00Pa) versus frequency (Hz) for speech and cabin noise. The y-axis represents the sound pressure level in dB, ranging from -60 to 0 dB in 5 dB increments. The x-axis represents frequency in Hz, ranging from 125 Hz to 10.9 kHz on a logarithmic scale. The graph includes three curves: 'Speech max. volume', 'Speech norm. volume', and 'Cabin noise 100km/h'. An inset diagram shows a car interior with a microphone (Pe) and a speaker (Spkr.). + +Figure 8: A line graph showing sound pressure level (dB re 1.00Pa) versus frequency (Hz) for speech and cabin noise. The y-axis ranges from -60 to 0 dB in 5 dB increments. The x-axis ranges from 125 Hz to 10.9 kHz on a logarithmic scale. Three curves are plotted: 'Speech max. volume' (highest), 'Speech norm. volume' (middle), and 'Cabin noise 100km/h' (lowest). An inset diagram shows a car interior with a microphone (P\_e) and a speaker (Spkr.). + +Figure 8 + +The sound pressure level is measured at the right ERP of HATS, for normal receive volume, and for maximum volume. + +The noise signal ratio is about +9,5 dB for maximum volume setting, and approximately -4,8 dB for nominal volume setting. + +#### 4.1.1.3 Noise and echo + +a) From Subjective evaluation of quality of communications in car hands-free radiotelephone situation (see subclause B.2 reference [9]). + +Two simulated handsfree sets are placed in a car, as defined in table 4: + +Table 4 + +| Test conditions | Microphone | Loudspeaker | +|-----------------|------------|-------------------------------| +| RT1 | Sun visor | Central position on dashboard | +| RT2 | Seat belt | Head rest | + +The subjective test is made by distant user using a handset. + +A HATS is placed in the car, on the driver seat. + +Noise in the car is generated by loudspeakers at 3 different levels: + +B0 (idle situation, engine off); + +B1 (90 km/h); + +B2 (130 km/h). + +3 delay conditions (round trip delay: 0 ms, 60 ms, 180 ms) are available. + +3 values for ERLE (S+ 2 dB, S+5 dB, S+11 dB) are introduced in the echo path , for each Bi condition. + +The signal to noise ratio is: + +about 11 dB for B1; + +about 6 dB for B2. + +ORL for RT1 condition. + +**Table 5** + +| Handsfree to handset | Handset to Handsfree | | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|----------|-----------| +| | B0 | B1 | B2 | +| 9.8 dB | 4.6 dB* | -5.4 dB* | -10.5 dB* | +| * These levels were adjusted before the experiments by operators. | | | | + +An attenuation of 25 dB or 28 dB seems necessary to obtain good or excellent quality level (DMOS > 4) in B0 situation, for the 3 delay conditions. + +A minimum attenuation of 15 dB seems to be necessary at 90 km/h (B1) to ensure a satisfactory quality level (echo DMOS > 3.5), with round trip delay of 60 ms and 180 ms. + +A minimum attenuation of 12 dB seems to be necessary at 130 km/h (B2) to ensure an acceptable quality level (echo DMOS > 3), with round trip delay of 60 ms and 180 ms. + +b) From Subjective evaluation of quality of communications in car hands-free radiotelephone context (see subclause B.2 reference [10]). + +This experiment differs from those described in reference [9] of subclause B.2, mainly on: + +- conversation situation instead of a listening test. +- the "driver" has two tasks: he uses a driving simulator and he participates to the conversation. + +2 delay conditions (round trip delay: 0 ms, 180 ms). + +3 values for ERLE (S+2 dB, S+5 dB, S+8 dB) are introduced in the echo path , for each Bi condition. + +Signal to noise ratio is: + +about 11 dB for B1; + +about 6 dB for B2. + +It appears that noise is more annoying than echo for the distant user (handset). + +The detectability threshold of the echo where obtained as: + +**Table 6** + +| | | +|-----------|--------------| +| B0 | 28 dB | +| B1 | 19 dB | +| B2 | 13 dB | + +### 4.1.2 Environment for testing handsfree mobile station + +#### 4.1.2.1 Classification of handsfree mobile terminals + +Three categories of handsfree equipment: + +- The lap-top pc or dedicated desk top handsfree terminal. It could be tested using the desk top style tests listed in I-ETS 300 245-3. +- Integrated in car solutions, where the electronics of the GSM handsfree terminal are inseparable from the vehicle in which it is installed, will be tested with the car in which they are installed. +- Non-vehicle specific handsfree terminals, that should be tested a vehicle simulator. + +A handsfree terminal, designed for retro-fitting to any vehicle, would need to be tested in a representative environment (e.g. the vehicle simulator). In addition, with each terminal potentially requiring different mounting positions, any "standard" test car owned by a test house would soon be in a poor state of repair due to the constant alterations to the interior to fit new handsfree terminals for testing. A difficulty with a vehicle simulator is that it needs to be built and verified before it can be used. + +Since any manufacturer developing a non-vehicle specific handsfree terminal will have mounted it in a suitable vehicle for development testing, and that the acoustic properties of a given vehicle are likely to be just as representative of that class of vehicle as the acoustic properties of the vehicle simulator, it is proposed that the non-vehicle specific handsfree terminals are tested in the manufacturer's development testing vehicle. + +Certain criteria should still be set for the vehicle such that the tests are meaningful across a selection of terminals. These criteria should be that the car provided by the manufacturer should be a medium sized family. Any non-mobile terminal connected to noise reduction systems in the car should be disabled. These criteria are designed to ensure that the test houses will always have test accommodation able to deal with the cars provided by the manufacturers and that the ambient noise reduction test, evaluates the mobile not the car. + +So, to overcome the funding and timescale issues surrounding the production of the vehicle simulator, it is proposed that non-vehicle specific handsfree terminals are tested in a vehicle of the manufacturers choice, supplied to the test house with the handsfree equipment pre-installed in the desired mounting position by the manufacturer. This means that the test facilities required by the test house will be the same as for vehicle integrated handsfree terminals, i.e. a garage with suitable noise environment generation. The cost should be minimal for the manufacturers as they should have carried out development testing on their terminals in a vehicle prior to seeking type approval and hence they can use the development test vehicle. + +#### 4.1.2.2 Vehicle simulator + +##### 4.1.2.2.1 Cost estimation for a vehicle simulator for handsfree testing + +The following cost estimation is based on a simplified vehicle simulator with "wooden" windows and a very simplified interior. + +In order to build up and validate a vehicle simulator the following points are necessary: + +- 1) Construction and build up of a prototype including: + +means for fixing microphone, loudspeaker and an artificial head in a defined, reproducible position, loudspeaker for room noise insertion. + +- 2) Validation of the simulator including: + +measurements in 4 "representative" medium sized cars for two different sets (implementations). + +The costs of such a development would be around 90.000,- ECU. + +The price for a simulator could be in the range of 17.500,- ECU. + +##### Driving simulation for subjective tests + +Driving corresponds to specific physical and mental activities. It could be useful to perform some tests (e.g. conversation tests) in such conditions, using a driving simulator. + +#### 4.1.2.3 Advisory text for installation of handsfree MS in a vehicle environment + +"The hands free specification within ETS 300 903 (GSM 03.50) is designed to provide a basic level of performance and to avoid adverse interactions with other networks. Testing is carried out using a vehicle simulator to standardise the assessment environment. It is designed to be representative of the vehicle environment rather than mirrors the exact properties of particular vehicles. Manufacturers, submitting a handsfree MS to a test house, should assume the standard acoustic transducer positions or state alternative the mounting positions of the transducers". + +"In a real vehicle, care should be taken to allow for the acoustic properties of that vehicle and the likely acoustic environment. It is important that the best possible coupling between the microphone and the MS user is achieved. Hence, the microphone should be directional and mounted as close to the users mouth as possible. The loudspeakers should be mounted in such a way that the maximum received signal is directed at the user, rather than dissipated by the various obstacles in the vehicle, such as the seats." + +"Proper consideration for the noise environment and the direct coupling between the microphone and loudspeakers is necessary. Excessive noise coupled into the microphone can mask the MS users sent speech and potentially affects the operation of DTX. The vehicle noise environment can potentially mask the received speech unless sufficient volume is provided. However, direct coupling between the transducers can cause annoying echo to be heard by the far end user." + +"Primary factors affecting the coupling between the loudspeaker(s) and microphone(s) include: + +- Directionality of the microphone(s) +- Directionality of the loudspeaker(s) + - Location of the transducer in relation to reflecting surfaces such as the windows and windscreen". + +#### 4.1.2.4 Test environment + +##### 4.1.2.4.1 Anechoic room + +For the lap-top PC or dedicated desk top handsfree terminals, the test conditions shall be in conformance with I-ETS 300 245-3. + +For vehicle handsfree terminals, some tests could be done in an anechoic environment. + +These tests could permit to check the transducers or/and electroacoustic equipment performance, like frequency response, harmonic distortion. + +The results shall be adapted to take into account the differences between the anechoic conditions and the real use environment. + +NOTE: If the transducers have special connectors permitting to be unplugged from the handsfree terminal, the test could be performed on the transducers alone, the impedance's of the amplifiers used in the test equipment being adapted according to the manufacturer instructions. + +This test only qualifies the transducers and does not give enough information on the quality of the complete handsfree terminal (in particular these tests do not take into account the speech processing, coding,...). + +##### 4.1.2.4.2 " Real use " situation (Handsfree in a real car or in a car simulator) + +- Noisy environment + +The table gives a set of reference conditions for noisy environment. + +**Table 7** + +| Speed (km/h) | Inside noise | Outside noise | Road surface | +|---------------------|----------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------| +| 0 | | Road noise (car and lorry traffic)
Non stationary noise | | +| 0 | | Street noise (people talking outside the car)
Non stationary noise | | +| 0 | Noise of the car engine
Stationary noise | | | +| 0 | Noise of the fan
Stationary noise | | | +| 0 | Speech or/and music
Non stationary noise | | | +| 50 (or 70) | Noise of the car engine
Stationary noise | | Smooth, dry | +| 50 (or 70) | Noise of the car engine
Stationary noise | | Rough, dry | +| 50 (or 70) | Noise of the car engine
Stationary noise | Rain falling down on the car | Wet | +| 50 (or 70) | Noise of the car engine
Stationary noise | Road and street noise
Non stationary noise | Smooth, dry | +| 120 (or 130) | Noise of the car engine
Stationary noise | | Smooth, dry | +| 120 (or 130) | Noise of the car engine
Stationary noise | | Rough, dry | +| 120 (or 130) | Noise of the car engine
Stationary noise | Rain falling down on the car | Wet | +| 120 (or 130) | Noise of the car engine
Stationary noise | Road and street noise
Non stationary noise | Smooth, dry | + +For all these noises, different samples shall be needed to avoid the behaviour of the speech processing systems be optimised on the test references. + +- Reverberant environment + +A simulated reverberant environment, based on data available in different laboratories from real impulse responses shall be produced in the reference test environment. This environment is intended to simulate the reverberant characteristics of the car interior. + +### 4.1.3 Measurements on a GSM handsfree telephone - Influence of the environment and the test conditions on frequency responses and loudness ratings + +This subclause presents some experimental results. + +Measurements of frequency response curves have been made on a GSM telephone terminal with hands-free function, mounted in a car and also according to the principles in ITU-T Recommendation. P.340 (tests performed under free-field conditions). Loudness Ratings have also been calculated. + +The measurements only represent one example out of many possible implementations, and cannot be the basis for any general conclusions. + +#### TEST SET-UP + +The loudspeaker was mounted on the dashboard of the car. Two types of microphones were used. One was a stick-on microphone intended to rest on the chest of the user, the other was a goose-neck microphone with the possibility to adjust the microphone to a perfect speaking position. + +For the measurements at sending an artificial mouth was used. The chest microphone was hanging in free air in the car 20 cm in front of the mouth (on axis). The measurement was repeated at the same distance but in an anechoic room. + +The sensitivity of the goose-neck microphone was only measured in an anechoic room. + +The measurements at receiving was made with two different loudspeaker positions in the car, both at a distance of 85 cm from the measuring microphone , corresponding to the driver position. The measurements were repeated in an anechoic room according to the principles in ITU-T Recommendation. P.340. + +The test set-up is shown in figure 9. + +![Figure 9: Test set-up diagram showing three configurations for acoustic measurements. The left diagram shows a car interior with 'Loudspeaker positions' at the dashboard and a 'Measuring microphone (driver position)' below it. The top right diagram shows an 'Artificial mouth' and a microphone separated by '25 mm / 20 cm *'. The middle right diagram shows a 'Loudspeaker' at a distance of '50 cm' from a microphone, with dimensions '30' and '40' indicated. The bottom right diagram shows a 'Loudspeaker' at a distance of '50 cm' from a microphone.](3da1a07cb87051bf616c9876db958cf0_img.jpg) + +Figure 9: Test set-up diagram showing three configurations for acoustic measurements. The left diagram shows a car interior with 'Loudspeaker positions' at the dashboard and a 'Measuring microphone (driver position)' below it. The top right diagram shows an 'Artificial mouth' and a microphone separated by '25 mm / 20 cm \*'. The middle right diagram shows a 'Loudspeaker' at a distance of '50 cm' from a microphone, with dimensions '30' and '40' indicated. The bottom right diagram shows a 'Loudspeaker' at a distance of '50 cm' from a microphone. + +Figure 9 + +The sending and receiving frequency responses were measured using pink noise as test signal. The measurements were made in 1/3 octave bands. + +#### RESULTS + +The frequency response curves are shown in figure 10 + +![Figure 10: Frequency response graphs for sending and receiving. The top graph shows sending response (dB vs Hz) for B 20cm free field, B 20cm car meas, and S 25mm free field. The bottom graph shows receiving response (dB vs Hz) for Car. Left pos., Car. Mid pos., P.34 (frontal), P.34 (49 deg), and Free field (on axis).](ebce355620876e10f907f8b71926c112_img.jpg) + +The figure contains two line graphs. The top graph plots the frequency response at sending, with the y-axis labeled 'dB' ranging from -50 to 0 and the x-axis labeled 'Hz' on a logarithmic scale from 100 to 10000. It features three curves: 'B 20cm free field' (solid line with square markers), 'B 20cm car meas' (solid line with circle markers), and 'S 25mm free field' (solid line with diamond markers). The 'B 20cm free field' curve is the highest, peaking around -10 dB between 1000 and 2000 Hz. The 'S 25mm free field' curve is the lowest, peaking around -25 dB. The 'B 20cm car meas' curve is in between, peaking around -15 dB. All curves show a sharp drop-off above 5000 Hz. + +The bottom graph plots the frequency response at receiving, with the same axes as the top graph. It features five curves: 'Car. Left pos.' (solid line with triangle markers), 'Car. Mid pos.' (solid line with circle markers), 'P.34 (frontal)' (solid line with square markers), 'P.34 (49 deg)' (solid line with diamond markers), and 'Free field (on axis)' (dashed line). The 'Car. Left pos.' and 'Car. Mid pos.' curves are the highest, peaking around -5 dB. The 'P.34 (frontal)' and 'P.34 (49 deg)' curves are lower, peaking around -10 dB. The 'Free field (on axis)' curve is the lowest, peaking around -15 dB. All curves show a sharp drop-off above 5000 Hz. + +Figure 10: Frequency response graphs for sending and receiving. The top graph shows sending response (dB vs Hz) for B 20cm free field, B 20cm car meas, and S 25mm free field. The bottom graph shows receiving response (dB vs Hz) for Car. Left pos., Car. Mid pos., P.34 (frontal), P.34 (49 deg), and Free field (on axis). + +Figure 10 + +The first shows the frequency response at sending. The upper curve is the goose-neck microphone, the two lower ones are the chest microphone used in the car and the corresponding measurement made under anechoic conditions. + +The second shows the frequency response at receiving. The two curves with fat lines are the measurements in the car with two slightly different placing of the loudspeaker (see the test set-up). The curves are equalised to correspond to a measuring distance of 50 cm. The three remaining curves are measured in free field, two of them according to P.34 with the loudspeaker placed on a flat reflecting surface, the third without the surface and with the microphone straight in front of the loudspeaker. + +The corresponding loudness rating values are summarised in the tables below. + +**Table 8: SLR Measurements** + +| Artificial mouth position | Microphone position | SLR | +|----------------------------------|------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| Driver position | Microphone 1 | 17,1 dB (20 cm) | +| Free field conditions | Microphone 1
Microphone 2 | 18,0 dB (20 cm)
7,1 dB (25 mm) | + +**Table 9: RLR Measurements** + +| Measurement position | Loudspeaker position | RLR (max. volume) | +|--------------------------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------| +| Driver position | left pos
mid pos | 1,1 dB (corr. to 50 cm)
1,8 dB (corr. to 50 cm) | +| Ref ITU-T Recommendation. P340 | (frontal)
(49 degrees) | 3,3 dB
2,8 dB | +| Free field conditions | | 6,2 dB | + +#### Conclusion + +The frequency response at sending measured with the chest microphone hanging in free air in the car at a distance of 20 cm in front of the artificial mouth is not too far away from the corresponding curve measured under free field conditions. However, the sensitivity is somewhat higher for the chest microphone in the middle frequency region, whilst it is somewhat lower for low frequencies. + +The corresponding SLR values differ by about 1 dB. + +Concerning the receiving direction the sensitivity is a little higher at mid-frequencies for the loudspeaker mounted in the car when compared to the curve measured according to P.34. At lower frequencies there is no clear difference between the two cases. + +The higher sensitivity at mid-frequencies is reflected in a lower RLR value for the real measurement compared to the P.340 measurement. The difference is 1-2 dB. + +## 4.2 Delay in handsfree terminals implemented with signal processing techniques + +### 4.2.1 Signal processing techniques for acoustic echo cancelling and noise reduction + +For handsfree mobile applications, where the acoustic echo is mixed with high background noise, it is desirable to have a combination of acoustic echo cancellation and noise reduction (see subclause B.3 reference [1]). These signal processing techniques may introduce delay. Examples are given in the following subclauses. + +### 4.2.2 Examples of delays due to signal processing techniques + +#### 4.2.2.1 Data produced by Matra Communication + +In order to eliminate correctly the acoustic echoes perceived by the far-end listener due to the coupling between the handsfree loudspeaker and microphone placed in a car cockpit, the Acoustic Echo Cancellation (AEC) system needs to have efficient performances in terms of initial convergence, tracking in path variation situations, in adverse noisy and double-talk situations. Moreover the mobile network adds an important delay that will stress any bad or insufficient performances of the AEC if it is not well selected. + +For this purpose it is necessary that the AEC is mainly 'full-duplex' in any above-mentioned conversation situations. However existing component technology implies to define a minimal additional delay allowed for echo full-duplex processing and also for additive speech enhancement processing in noise. + +From simulations on real speech databases and realtime assessments, an additional parameter is defined, called Tadd\_proc, taking into account any additional and mandatory speech processing block (including noise bad effects compensation) where Tadd\_proc must be decomposed as follows: + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Delay for signal block size or sub-band decomposition: | 16 to 24 ms | +| Delay for noise reduction | 12 to 16 ms | +| Addition delay for computation | 8 to 16 ms | +| Tadd_proc | 36 to 56 ms | + +From this global Tadd\_proc for speech processing block (possibly including noise reduction processing) it is also possible, and relevant in terms of extra-delay economy, to decompose the minimal requirement in three minimum values according to the kind of communication (Handset only or Handsfree). This intends to minimise the extra delays according to the kind of communications. + +These new decomposition leads to three kinds of Tadd\_proc delays providing minimal values for acceptable echo or/and noise reduction and defined as follows: + +- **Tadd\_proc\_AEC** for Echo Cancellation when using Handsfree MS, +    Recommended minimum Tadd\_proc\_AEC: 28 (to 40) ms +- **Tadd\_proc\_NR** when using Noise Reduction (NR) and a coupling reduction processing for use of handset MS, +    Recommended minimum Tadd\_proc\_NR: 20 (to 32) ms +- **Tadd\_proc\_HF** for Hands Free when using AEC and NR when using Handsfree MS and if it is desired to add NR for listening comfort, +    Recommended minimum Tadd\_proc\_HF: 36 (to 56) ms + +It can be noticed that Tadd\_proc\_HF value is less than the sum of Tadd\_proc\_AEC and Tadd\_proc\_NR as the global processing will generally optimise the computational complexity for the association of two separate AEC and NR stages and consequently their global delay (Tadd\_proc\_HF). + +It is clear that these extra delays Tadd\_proc\_X could be strongly reduced, but the extra delay values defined above correspond to signal processing responding both to realistic computational constraints and to efficient performance assessed in actual conditions of GSM communications. + +To achieve a sensible extra processing delay reduction, by keeping the « full duplex » property, exponential-type increasing number of extra operations would be required: this is the case of RLS-based adaptive echo canceller working at normal full band and at sample. + +Another option to have a low extra delay is to use 'Gain-switching'-based systems deploying low computational complexity. But the great disadvantages of such systems, in noisy and delayed transmissions contexts, are disastrous echo suppression and undesired switching of the useful speech to be transmitted. With such implementations double talk operation is not possible. + +#### 4.2.2.2 Data produced by Ericsson + +For reasons on traffic safety, it is worthwhile to use a handsfree equipment while driving a car and using a mobile telephone. The use of handsfree equipment is today legislated in some countries, and legislation is on its way in many other countries. + +To obtain a good quality of conversation, the performance in this handsfree equipment should be as near full duplex as possible. The inherent long delay in today's GSM systems, max. 143.9 ms, makes the echo problem in handsfree situations much worse than in lower delay systems (e.g. ETACS, NMT, AMPS). The signal processing needed for these high quality full duplex handsfree solutions is extremely demanding. It requires a complexity which often exceeds that of today's speech and channel coding algorithms. + +Block processing has proven to be a successful way, in a consumer oriented digital signal processor (DSP), to cope with the high complexity. + +To fully exploit the benefits of block processing, it is important that the block length is sufficient: + +- to provide enough data for statistically good estimates of the properties of noisy speech; +- to efficiently handle reverberation times in normal car cabins; +- to provide adequate resolution in the frequency domain. + +It is also desirable, for reasons of efficiency in frequency domain processing, that the block length is a power of two. + +A block length of 256 samples, which corresponds to a 32 ms block at 8 ksamples/s, represents a good balance in these respects. + +With 32 ms blocks there will be an inherent delay of 32 ms. A reasonable figure for processing time of such blocks, using today's cost competitive DSPs, is 10 ms. + +Our proposal is to allow a minimum of **32 ms + 10 ms = 42 ms** additional delay for handsfree signal processing. + +## 4.3 Speech quality assessment + +### 4.3.1 General - Factors affecting the speech quality of the GSM system and derivatives + +#### Speech and Channel Coding Issues + +One of the most fundamental parts of the GSM system is the speech codec. To reach the required spectral efficiency, the speech codec is used to compress the speech data to minimise the amount of transmitted information. To achieve this, the speech codec effectively models the vocal tract of the user as a filter and sends the filter coefficients to the decoder, in the TRAÜ, together with some residual excitation energy. This basic method enables the speech codec to reduce the speech data rate to 13 kbit/s for the full-rate (TCH-FS) and EFR codecs and 5.6 kbit/s for the half-rate (TCH-HS) codec. + +The reduction in data rate adds distortion to the speech signal, the extreme effect of which can be heard in some of the military speech codecs, where the emphasis has been placed on intelligibility rather than speaker recognition. As a result the speech sounds 'Robotic'. The traditional measure for this distortion is the Quantization Distortion Unit or QDU. One QDU is equivalent to the amount of distortion introduced by a single transition from analogue speech to 64 kbit/s G.711 PCM and back to analogue speech. GSM Standard 06.10 states that the GSM speech codec introduces between 7 and 8 QDUs under error free (EFO) radio conditions. The QDU is an accurate measure for tandem PCM and ADPCM systems, allowing planners to determine the amount of distortion in a call routing path and ensure that it does not breach ITU-T recommended limits. ITU-T G.113 states that an international connection should not exceed 14 QDUs, this is broken down into the 5-4-5 rule. This allows the originating nation 5 QDUs, the international transit network 4 QDUs and the terminating nation 5 QDUs. Clearly a GSM to GSM call, national or international, will either just meet or breach these guidelines. Furthermore, there is some subjective evidence to suggest that the older generation, who grew up with an analogue PSTN equipped with electro-mechanical switches, will accept the 14 QDU limit. However the younger generation, who have only really known modern digitally switched fixed networks, will only accept an upper limit of 9 QDU. + +Another problem with speech codecs occurs when one codec is tandemed with another of either the same or a different type. Apart from the ITU-T G.721 32 kbit/s ADPCM standard, where synchronous coding adjustment allows tandeming to occur without any further distortion to be incurred, most calls will incur more distortion when speech codecs are tandemed. This is where the QDU begins to be an inaccurate measure as very low bit rate systems do not behave in a linear way. This is because some of the speech data, necessary for the second codec to produce an accurate representation of the input speech, has already been removed by the first codec, compounding the distortion effect. Although the ITU-T have now introduced the concept at present on the validity of these measures for planning the end to end distortion of connections with low bit rate systems. In addition, the standard only includes the Impairment Factors of ITU codecs. Tests would be required to assess the TCH-FS/HS and EFR codecs. + +Clearly, any improvement in speech quality is to be applauded. The recent adoption of the U.S.1 algorithm as the EFR codec has improved the speech quality of the GSM system, in error free or low error environments, to 'Wire-line' quality levels. The challenge now is to further improve on this advance to make it as invisible to the customer as possible that the telephone they are using is a cellular radio. + +Most cellular network operators are currently embarked on major cell build programmes aimed to provide high levels of coverage and capacity. Even with the large numbers of cells currently foreseen there are still areas of cells where the error performance of the system is poor. This is due to a number of factors. Radio planning tools rely on clutter databases to assess the building densities in a given geographic area. These databases do not hold a picture of the actual buildings but an approximation of what is actually present. This is also true for terrain databases. This means that the actual coverage differs from the predicted coverage. Drive testing can be used to check the quality and depth of coverage in a given area but this will not correct the entire network. The buildings that populate a given area all have different radio penetration losses due to the large variety of construction methods and even decor used. This cannot be planned for by the network operator. Hence, the occurrence of EP2 (C/I 7 dB) and EP3 (C/I 4 dB) is more frequent than desired. One method of overcoming these problems is to examine the possibilities of 'Robust' coding. + +There is already technology available that shows that a 'Robust' codec is possible and that can achieve 'Wire-line' quality across a broad range of operating conditions. In theory it could offer additional capacity in the network as the limit of C/I used for radio planning could be relaxed. In practice, should a 'Robust' codec be adopted, the SACCH signalling channel becomes the limit of performance. The SACCH is about 2-3 dB more tolerant to C/I than the current full-rate speech codec. An additional 2-3 dB of C/I margin would provide operators with additional fringe coverage and greater depth on in-building coverage. A major gain in radio capacity and coverage could be achieved if the SACCH performance could be improved to the same levels as a 'Robust' codec. This might provide an additional 5 dB or even 6 dB of C/I margin over the current full-rate system. The full benefits would not be realised until the majority of the operators customer base was equipped with 'Robust' mobiles, but the possibilities are worth exploring. + +Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) is another aspect of speech coding that affects the speech quality of the system. The Voice Activity Detector used to detect when the customer is speaking or not, inevitably introduces some clipping which can reduce the quality. Acoustic noise also effects the DTX system. The full-rate VAD was optimised to work with in car noise where the temporal characteristics are less dynamic than say street noise. As a result the VAD can be 'false' triggered, reducing the effectiveness of DTX at reducing C/I and extending mobile battery life. Frequency Hoping is useful to reduce the effect of fading on the speech path by hopping to another channel that is not affected by the fade. + +The complexity of a given speech codec has a knock on effect on the speech quality of the system. With a more complex algorithm, the speech codec can usually produce better speech quality for a given bit rate. However, to support that codec is mobile equipment, the signal processing technology has to be able to run the software in a reasonable period of time. Hence, complexity and delay are intrinsically linked. Delay, as we shall see later, can seriously degrade the quality of a connection. + +#### Terminal Issues + +Many, of the key speech quality parameters are determined solely within the GSM mobile. In addition, several of these parameters are critical of the interworking between the mobile network and any interconnected networks. + +The Send Loudness Rating (SLR), in the mobile to land direction, and the Receive Loudness Rating (RLR) in the land to mobile direction, determine the audio signal levels for the customers speech. The loudness ratings are calculated from the send and receive sensitivity masks or frequency responses. These are dictated by the acoustic transducers used as well as the anti-aliasing and reconstruction filters for the analogue to digital converters. One criticism levelled at GSM is that it is 'quiet'. This is difficult to understand as the SLR and RLR are in line with ITU-T long term values. + +It is important that the test method for TCL as well as the requirement are carefully considered. Echo problems were reported when GSM was first introduced, even on national calls. The GSM phase 1 TCL test allowed sinusoidal test stimuli to be passed through the speech codec, as some manufacturers use aspects of the speech codec in their acoustic echo cancellation devices. Unfortunately the GSM full-rate codec causes spectral spreading on sinusoidal signals which, when measured at their discrete frequencies, have a lower power than the equivalent speech signal. This meant that mobiles were passing the test but failing in an operational environment. The phase 2 test uses the ITU-T P.50 artificial voice to address this problem. + +Acoustic echo cancellation can be used as part of the TCL solution. However, to produce a stable acoustic echo canceller requires a complex algorithm due to the variable nature of the echo path. A complex algorithm requires additional delay which will cause other end to end speech quality problems. A low delay algorithm will not be as resilient but can be used as one part of the TCL solution. + +The interaction of acoustic noise on other system components can have a damaging effect on their ability to meet the needs of the customers. A particular example of this is the current half-rate codec noise problems where an acoustic noise rejection mask has been demonstrated to greatly improve the performance but has been rejected as it places stringent design restrictions on mobile terminals. An alternative algorithmic approach has been proposed but this will take as long, if not longer to implement, will require more delay and will still affect the speech quality. Noise coupling can have a serious affect of the public perception of the service offered. + +Handsfree terminals pose a particular problem to speech quality. The traditional vehicle mounted handsfree environment is particularly hostile. The acoustic volume is surrounded by a reflective material with high ambient noise levels. To overcome this the handsfree system has to use some algorithmic solutions but these introduce additional delay which causes problems with conversation quality. The recent adoption (ETS 300 903) of an additional delay for handsfree processing has increased the GSM one way delay budget by 40 % and is highly likely to cause problems with end to end quality. In addition a TCL limit (lower than 46 dB) has been adopted for handsfree. The argument for reducing the TCL is that the noise will mask any echo. However, the GSM handsfree car phone is installed in an environment where several people can use it. The system is usually installed for the benefit of the driver but a rear seat passenger may wish to use it, or the passengers may all wish to contribute to a call, requiring the volume to be increased so that they can all hear the system. + +To avoid future problems in the operational environment it would be better to further develop the test methods to use a Head And Torso Simulator (HATS) which more accurately represents the human that will use the terminal. In addition, carrying out a more system oriented set of tests using an artificial speech stimuli, such as the ITU-T P.50 algorithm, including the codec would be more appropriate. + +#### Network Issues + +The Mobile Switching Centre (MSC) incorporates an echo canceller adhering to ITU-T G.165 with at least a 60 ms echo path window. This is because the fixed network does not have echo control in the national network and the delay of the GSM system necessitates some form of echo control. It is important that the interaction of the MSC echo canceller with other network echo cancellers is understood. In an international connection between Europe and USA there will be an echo canceller in the home countries International Switching Centre (ISC) looking at the GSM network. This canceller will normally have a 64 ms echo path window but will be trying to cancel echoes over a 190 ms echo path. In addition the non-linear GSM speech codec renders the canceller ineffective. For this reason the ISC echo canceller should be switched out of the connection. The far end ISC will have an echo canceller looking at the far end customer. This canceller is connected in tandem with the MSC echo canceller. Tests carried out by BTL have shown that echo cancellers connected in tandem can reduce the amount of echo control by between 3 dB and 6 dB dependent on whether the centre clippers are active or not. For this reason the MSC echo canceller should be switched out. The mechanism for doing this is the CCITT n° 7 signalling system. By acting upon the information on the echo flag in the Initial Address Message (IAM) and the Final Address Message (FAM), the cancellers can be correctly controlled. In addition when choosing an echo canceller it is important to realise that most cancellers have been built to meet the Blue Book G.165 which uses white noise to assess the cancellers performance. Unfortunately their performance can be reduced when operating with speech. + +The fixed links used to connect the BTS to the BSC and on to the MSC via the TRAU can affect the speech quality of the system. Fixed link errors can occur that can cause errors on the Abis speech frames which do not have any error correction on them. Ultimately, this could cause a bad frame to be seen as good by the TRAU. It has been suggested that TRAU bypass should be implemented to eliminate the effects of tandemed codecs. It must be remembered that this will only be true for connections between mobiles on the same coding scheme, e.g. full-rate. It should also be remembered that the same speech frame will be subjected to two radio paths. Hence, a mobile in an EP1 radio environment connected to another mobile in an EP1 environment could create an EP3 call. + +Codec tandeming is also a problem for non-real time communications. Voice messaging systems also use low bit rate speech coding to store the message. This adds another type of codec and more distortion to the connection. Call forwarding can also have an effect on the speech quality. Calls from a mobile to a fixed phone which has been diverted to a mobile will not be as good quality as a call which goes directly between the two mobiles as the echo control and delay will not be optimal. + +When developing interconnect agreements it is important to remember the routing of calls through the interconnected network. International calls, in particular, can be routed through Digital Circuit Multiplication Equipment (DCME) and Digital Speech Interpolation (DSI) systems. These add delay, distortion and clipping which may be unacceptable when combined with the GSM system. The international network also makes use of geostationary satellite routes which add 260 ms one way delay. GSM operators may wish to have their calls routed via cable connections as a preference. + +#### Interconnect Issues + +When developing and implementing a GSM mobile network it is important that the effects of the given design on the end-to-end speech quality are understood such that a design that offers acceptable quality across the full range of call scenarios, is implemented. This means that a balance must be found between the various engineering and commercial pressures that exist when designing the system. The difficulties of apportioning the various transmission parameters becomes increasingly difficult in a multi-operator environment. In many countries there is still only one fixed network operator with one or two cellular operators and a number of Private Branch Networks (PBNs). With this scenario it is relatively easy to apportion delay, loudness ratings and the other transmission quality parameters. However, as telecommunications liberalisation progresses most countries will develop a multi-operator environment similar to that in the United Kingdom where there are over 100 licensed operators, offering local, trunk and radio networks and services. + +Originally the United Kingdom relied on individual interconnect agreements between operators to agree the apportionment of transmission parameters across the network boundaries, guided by the Network Code Of Practice (NCOP). As the number of operators grew this technique became difficult to manage and the industry is now moving towards standard contracts with the transmission apportionment following the Network Performance Design Standards (NPDS) document produced for the Public Network Operators Interest Group (PNO-IG), a subgroup of the Department of Trade and Industry's (DTI) Network Interfaces Coordination Committee (NICC). + +The NPDS document uses a network model to apportion transmission parameters. End-to-end limits are taken from ITU-T Recommendations and individual system standards, such as the GSM Recommendations. It is assumed that there are local loop operators, Radio Local Loop (RLL) operators, such as Ionica, cellular operators, such as Cellnet, and trunk network operators, such as BT and Energis. + +One of the major principles of the document is that it is the responsibility of the operator that bills the customer, to deal with any complaints. This means that if a fixed customer calls a mobile customer, hears echo and subsequently complains to the fixed operator, the fixed operator has the responsibility to address the problem with the mobile operator. Unfortunately, in this example, the echo is usually due to the mobile customer's handset. The only safeguard that the mobile network operator has that the handset will not cause echo is that it has passed a type approval test, which we have already seen, can be inadequate and are under pressure to be removed. Current type approval test methods for digital cellular handsets do not fully represent their operational use and hence it is possible for handsets to pass the test but still cause echo whilst in use. The mobile operator has little or no control over the handsets connected to his network. The echo problems, if generated by a sufficient number of handsets and hence affect a large number of calls, can lead to litigation between the fixed and mobile operator. It is important that the type approval tests continue to be carried out and that they reflect the operational use of the handset. + +### 4.3.2 Main Assessment Criteria for Handsfree processing used in GSM mobile environment + +From Field tests performed with handsfree GSM mobile phone in car and office environment it appeared that the main assessment criteria relevant to assess in a realistic way various handsfree processing solutions are the following (classified into two main categories): + +- \* Parameters affecting the Speech transmission quality: + - *clarity* for users at each side of the communication + - *distortion* on speech to be transmitted + - *Intelligibility* of transmitted speech + - *Double-talk behaviour* when users are talking simultaneously + - *clipping effect*: on words end-points, hashing of words, generally characterising Echo suppresser techniques + - *fluctuation* of the received voice at each side of the communication +- \* Annoying artefacts due to the Handsfree processing: + - residual *echo* level and nature and stability (e.g. convergence/tracking) + - *noise* level + - *noise contrast* effects + +The Handsfree processing stage can include an association of an Echo Canceller (generally equalisation adaptive filters), a Gain switching system and possibly a noise reduction module. + +### 4.3.3 Evaluation Methodology for Full-Duplex Acoustic Echo Controllers developed within the FREETEL-Esprit project + +These data are derived from two publications referred as in reference [4] of subclause B.5 and reference [5] of subclause B.5. + +For assessing a Handsfree function of a mobile/fixed telephone a clear and reliable methodology of evaluation based on the speech quality objective criteria imposed on the Acoustic Echo Controllers (AEC) is needed in order to compare and assess several candidates of AEC. Hence an evaluation methodology, preferably designed in an objective way for reliability and costs reasons, must also include the definition of the test signals that may be speech or/and synthetic, and after that the selection of a reduced database corpus performed with the realistic acoustic front-ends used in the relevant environments (handsfree mobile phones in cars, offices...). + +An objective evaluation methodology for Acoustic Echo Cancellers (AEC) based on ITU-T recommendation G.167 has been developed within the FREETEL project1 and allowed to evaluate/compare the AEC algorithms performances on real echo/speech signals and acoustic front-ends recordings. + +However some modifications have been felt necessary in the project to adapt this objective methodology to the evaluation of a real Handsfree device with selected or given realtime integrated AEC algorithm in its context of application. + +One of the main interests of this real-context objective evaluation targeted by was to offer the possibility of correlating the objective criteria measurements with partial subjective tests performed by a speaker/listener using the handsfree device in the same time. + +In order to validate the proposed objective evaluation procedure for a real handsfree device it was led to dispose of a subjective evaluation methodology to assess the speech quality through the global handsfree system including: + +- the Acoustic Front-End (AFE) composed of the Handsfree terminal microphone(s) and loudspeaker(s); +- the AEC algorithm with its, so-called, "glue" (corresponding to Double-Talk Detector (DTD), Voice Activity Detector (VAD); +- the GSM network, which was in this case the Full-rate codec. + +Works on show, after first evaluations of AEC approaches developed in the project, some lacks of reliability on the objective criteria extracted from ITU-T recommendations for assessing handsfree functions of telephones, and, namely for GSM mobiles, adapted objective-subjective procedure based on the combination of a set of objective criteria measurements with limited subjective tests orientated towards the validation of the objective parameters is proposed. + +This evaluation methodology elaborated in FREETEL project is presented in two main parts: + +- Objective Evaluation procedure based on the parameters of ITU-T Recommendation G.167, including comments on the relevance of each parameter by the evaluation of Full-duplex AEC algorithms on real-contexts databases. This is described in next subclause 4.3.3.1. +- Adapted Objective Evaluation procedure based on the previous Objective Evaluation tool applied for the evaluation of any real-time echo canceller algorithm integrated in a real handsfree acoustic front-end device. This step of the Evaluation would be useful for the prototyping of a realtime echo canceller in a given handsfree acoustic front-end (AFE). This is described in next subclause 4.3.3.2. + +#### 4.3.3.1 Objective Evaluation procedure + +An Objective Evaluation procedure is worthwhile if it complies with recommendations of telecommunications standards. A first and complete issue of ITU-T recommendation G.167 specifically applying Acoustic Echo Controllers (AEC) specifies a list of parameters to take into account for the working of an AEC placed in a given handsfree terminal for each kind of telecommunication networks, in particular for mobile radio systems. Recommended values for these parameters are generally provisional and are regularly amended according to the progress of the techniques and the real limits that would be given as feedback by handsfree telephones users: indeed it does not exist a clear specification of + +--- + +1 FREETEL : enhancement of handsFREE TELEcommunications, project n°6166 funded by the ESPRIT III programme. + +these limits, as also stressed in references [2], [3] of subclause B.5, however the recommended values provided by ITU-T Recommendation G.167 are precious and helpful for the AEC evaluation as they constitute the first and alone specifications with simple methodologies of tests provided in this context. + +##### 4.3.3.1.1 Objective Evaluation methodology of AEC devices + +The Evaluation Methodology of AECs is based on a list of AEC performances parameters defined by ITU-T Recommendation G.167. This list, including 12 AEC performance parameters that acoustic echo controllers have to comply when placed in a handsfree terminal, can be classified into 3 main classes: + +- Terminal coupling loss parameters +- Time adaptivity parameters + +Attenuation of speech in double-talk situations + +![Figure 11: Handsfree audio terminal diagram. The diagram shows a handsfree audio terminal represented by a central box labeled 'Echo Processing Block'. On the left, a 'near-end speaker' (represented by a face icon) and 'noise' (represented by a wavy line) are inputs to a microphone (represented by a circle with a dot). The microphone output is labeled 'Sin' and enters the 'Echo Processing Block'. The 'Echo Processing Block' has an output labeled 'Sout' on the right, which goes to a 'far-end speaker' (represented by a circle with a dot). The 'far-end speaker' is connected to a 'Network' (represented by a vertical line). The 'Network' has an output labeled 'Rin' on the right, which enters the 'Echo Processing Block'. The 'Echo Processing Block' has an output labeled 'Rout' on the left, which goes to a loudspeaker (represented by a trapezoid). The loudspeaker is connected to the 'near-end speaker' and 'noise' inputs.](f2ea0f64a770b22b902820457d262265_img.jpg) + +Figure 11: Handsfree audio terminal diagram. The diagram shows a handsfree audio terminal represented by a central box labeled 'Echo Processing Block'. On the left, a 'near-end speaker' (represented by a face icon) and 'noise' (represented by a wavy line) are inputs to a microphone (represented by a circle with a dot). The microphone output is labeled 'Sin' and enters the 'Echo Processing Block'. The 'Echo Processing Block' has an output labeled 'Sout' on the right, which goes to a 'far-end speaker' (represented by a circle with a dot). The 'far-end speaker' is connected to a 'Network' (represented by a vertical line). The 'Network' has an output labeled 'Rin' on the right, which enters the 'Echo Processing Block'. The 'Echo Processing Block' has an output labeled 'Rout' on the left, which goes to a loudspeaker (represented by a trapezoid). The loudspeaker is connected to the 'near-end speaker' and 'noise' inputs. + +Figure 11: Handsfree audio terminal + +###### a) Terminal Coupling Loss + +Denoted TCL (or TCLw), is the overall attenuation of the echo resulting from the acoustic coupling of the terminal combined with the effect of the echo canceller. In fact it corresponds to the following ratio in dB, + +$$TCL = 10\log\left(\frac{En(Rin)}{En(Sout)}\right) \quad (1)$$ + +Where En(.) defines the energy of respectively the Received input signal (Rin) and the Sent output signal (Sout) at ends of the audio terminal. In fact TCL (or TCLw) corresponds to the sum of two important quantities, the coupling loss between the loudspeaker and the microphone, denoted CL, and the Echo Return Loss Enhancement, denoted ERLE, which measures the intrinsic efficiency of the AEC algorithm. + +The coupling loss (CL) has the following expression: + +$$CL = 10\log\left(\frac{En(Rout)}{En(Sin)}\right) \quad (2)$$ + +ERLE is the difference between the raw echo and the reduced echo got as output of the AEC processing whose expression is: + +$$ERLE = 10\log\left(\frac{En(Sin)}{En(Sout)}\right) \quad (3)$$ + +with, + +$$TCL = CL + ERLE \quad (4)$$ + +if by assuming that Rin = Rout, i.e. no loss is present in the Receive way (case of an AEC). + +In the case of loss in the Receive way of the handsfree system - use of an echo suppresser (realised by gain switching) or more generally existence of attenuation/gain in the receive part - we must take into account this third quantity in the parameter TCL, the Receive Loss, denoted RL, + +$$RL = 10 \log \left( \frac{E_n(Rin)}{E_n(Rout)} \right) \quad (5)$$ + +which gives in the general case, + +$$TCL = RL + CL + ERLE \quad (6)$$ + +In the Evaluation Methodology it is taken into account more specifically the ERLE quantity (relative to the intrinsic performance of the AEC stage for a given acoustic front-end) as the TCL can be deduced from it by adding the RL and CL parameters that are generally considered as constant (RLcst, CLcst) in the case of digital Handsfree functions. However for Echo Suppressers (ES) the RL quantity is not exactly constant but it can be noted that it is composed of a symmetric value of the ERLE plus a constant RL value. This can be summarised as follows: + +$$\text{- for AECs: } TCL = ERLE + (RLcst + CLcst) \quad (7)$$ + +$$\text{- for ESs: } TCL = 2.ERLE + (RLcst + CLcst) \quad (8.1)$$ + +where + +$$RL = ERLE + RLcst \quad (8.2)$$ + +From this, three main sub-quantities characterising the AEC in three specific situations as simple talk (st), double talk (dt) and echo path variation (pv) are defined: + +**a.1. ERLEst/TCLwst** which measures the terminal coupling loss in Simple Talk situation, i.e. the far-end subscriber is talking without near-end signal simulating the near-end speaker or the Handsfree terminal user. + +It is recognized that it is necessary to reach a minimum value of 46 dB in case of important network delays (e.g. GSM) and, on the other hand, it is really difficult to obtain such a high value without degrading the transmission quality, with the existing Echo Suppressers based on gain switching technology, in particular in transient situations as "dt" and gain switching phases in general. Indeed this deficiency of Echo Suppressers (Gain Switching) is moreover stressed by the important Networks delays. + +Now it is clear that such a limit for TCLwst is still considered as difficult and consequently in a full-duplex way as AEC algorithms cannot presently reach this value without unrealistic big computational load, which, then, precludes any integration of such complex algorithms on existing component technology fitting to manufacturing constraints of GSM terminals. It should seem more realistic to reduce this limit for handsfree terminals to take into account the real efficiency of AEC techniques that can be deployed with existing and cost-effective Signal Processing Components Technology. This was the case in the actual GSM Standard ETS 300 903. These figures represent a fair trade-off between maintained 'Full-duplex' properties (requested by users) and an acceptable level of residual echoes reduction. + +This parameter after successive evaluations was found as a reliable objective criteria pending that test signals are close to real speech signals. + +**a.2. ERLEdt/TCLwdt** corresponding to the previous case but with near-end speaker activity + +It is recognized that a TCL (and TCLw) limit in double talk situation could be lower than in single talk (Preliminary values are available in I-ETS 300 245-3). + +Evaluation Methodology implemented the proposed scheme and obtained results unable to separate correctly different AEC candidates. Other approaches to compute the ERLEdt were proposed in reference [4] of subclause B.5, but no clear conclusions were drawn, except that this parameter was not easy to represent. Hence it has been provisionally concluded that only subjective measurements could be performed. + +**a.3. ERLEpv/TCLwpv** measuring the echo loss during echo path variation: the AEC is let to converge to value ERLEst (or TCLwst) in the "st situation", then an echo path variation is applied during 5s, the ERLEpv is the ERLE measurement at the end of this time. + +TCLwpv should be *greater than 10 dB*. + +**a.4. ERLEstn/ERLEpvn/ERLEdtn (TCLstn/TCLpvn/TCLdtn)** measuring the echo loss during simple talk, echo path variation or Double-talk in noisy environments (i.e. when noise is added to the echo, or to the echo plus the near-end speech). The ERLExxn/TCLxxn evaluation procedures in noise have been kept similar to a.1, a.2, and a.3 procedures, but values here need to be defined. Moreover, depending on its spectral shape, noise may present different masking effects on the echo. So values must be defined for a given kind of noise to be selected among: white noise, low-frequency noise (car noise), medium frequencies noise (town & cars traffic) or speech-like noise (babble, cocktail party). + +In order to get reliable values of TCL in noise, better is to use noise with stationary spectrum like car noise or (filtered-) white noise. + +Even if values are not defined, the ERLExxn/TCLxxn evaluation in noise is recommended and allows to check and compare the robustness properties of different AEC techniques. + +###### **b. Time adaptivity Parameters** + +Time adaptivity parameters are intended to evaluate the performances of an AEC in different situations of communications. Five parameters have been identified in ITU-T Recommendation G.167 corresponding to four precise communication modes: + +**b.1. Tic** (initial convergence time) characterises the convergence behaviour of the AEC at the beginning of a communication assuming that the near-speaker does not talk or has already talked a first time. In ITU-T recommendation G.167 the echo attenuation in simple talk measured by the TCLst should be *at least 20 dB after $Tic=1s$* . + +This parameter has been integrated in the Evaluation Methodology and provided a quite reliable measurement pending that test signals are energetic enough on a sufficient time period and close to real speech signals (see Test Signals Database in subclause 4.3.3.1.2). + +**b.2. Trdt** (recovery time after double-talk) is the time necessary to recover a given echo attenuation after a double-talk event. + +The provisional limit in ITU-T Recommendation G.167 is *$Trdt=1s$ for a ERLEst of at least 20 dB*. + +In practice the double-talk is generated during 2s after the AEC has reached TCLwst, then cut off and a timer is started to measure the re-convergence of the EC in simple-talk again (after double-talk event). This parameter was also integrated in the Evaluation Methodology but no conclusive results can be drawn. + +**b.3. Trpv** (time necessary to recover a given attenuation of the echo after an echo path time variation). + +*Trpv should have the same limit as Trdt.* + +The means to produce an echo path variation is still under study by ITU-T, so the "gain varying" technique applied on the echo present in the microphone channel was provisionally considered as a quite representative of an echo path variation in the Evaluation Methodology. + +**b.4. Tonst/Tondt** (break-in times in simple and double talk situations) are intended to measure the decreasing speed of transmitted speech attenuation. These parameters, computed for both Receive and Send sides, are more relevant to the Echo Suppressors case (half-duplex gain switching techniques). + +From Tonst, when attenuation becomes lower than 3 dB, Tonst should be $< 20$ ms. On the other hand Tondt should be $< 20$ ms when attenuation becomes lower than 6 dB. + +Hence in the Evaluation Methodology these parameters have not been retained as AEC techniques are full-duplex and no switching gain are applied on each channel. Nevertheless these quantities should be added if a full-duplex AEC (Adaptive filtering) is associated with an Echo Suppressor. + +**b.5. Tic\_n/Trdt\_n/Trpv\_n** measuring the Time adaptivity or reactivity of the AEC techniques during simple talk, Double-talk or echo path variation in noisy environments (when noise is added to the echo, or to the echo plus the near-end speech). The corresponding evaluation procedures in noise have been kept similar to b.1, b.2, and b.3 procedures, but values here need to be defined and equivalent remarks on noise shapes to TCLxxn in a.4 are also applying. + +###### **c) Speech Attenuation/Distortion in Double Talk mode** + +These parameters are intended to measure the attenuation and distortion observed onto received and sent speech when double talk situations occur. These parameters are respectively denoted Ardt/Asdt and Drdt/Dsdt for receive/send speech attenuation and distortion. + +These parameters have not been used in the Evaluation Methodology as their interpretation has been found problematic for the case of AEC based on digital filtering (see subclause B.5 reference [4]). + +**c.1. Ardt/Asdt** correspond to the speech attenuation (received/sent speech) during double talk. A similar evaluation procedure as for TCLwdt can be used. Asdt/Ardt are obtained by comparing the speech just before adding 2s of double talk and the attenuated speech just after removing the double talk signal. + +In both sides, Asdt and Ardt should be less than 6 dB. + +**c.2. Drdt/Dsdt** correspond to the distortion of received/sent speech during double talk. The evaluation procedure is similar to the TCLwdt one, the distortion is obtained by comparing transmitted speech before and after double talk in terms of a distortion measure. + +Values are not specified and they are still under study. + +NOTE: For AECs Ardt and Drdt are not necessary since AECs do not alter speech signal in the receive way both for simple talk and double talk situations. + +##### 4.3.3.1.2 Test Signals used from the FREETEL-Esprit Database + +Test Signals have been extracted from the FREETEL-Esprit database including handsfree telephone sets conditions for GSM applications in car and room (offices): handsfree acoustic part of the terminal was used for office echo recordings whereas separated microphone-loudspeaker(s) handsfree front-end was selected for echo recordings in car (Renault 25). In fact this last handsfree front-end corresponded to the commonly named "handsfree car-kit" now commercialised for most of the GSM mobile placed in car. + +Several kinds of signals have been recorded. These signal sequences include at the same time the far-end signal recorded at the loudspeaker input, (i.e. Rout) and the echo signal picked up at the microphone output (i.e. Sin): + +- real speech signals (1M/1F) for both English/French languages including couples of sentences and balanced energetic sentences for measuring AEC convergence/echo reduction performances such as (Tic, Trpv) and averaged (TCLst, TCLpv). +- USASI signals which correspond to long-term average of speech signals and often used for their continuity of energy. They are very useful for tuning the AECs and also measuring (TCLst, TCLpv) parameters. +- White noise sequences for the acoustic echo impulse response identification and for the analysis of transfer frequency function between the loudspeaker and the microphone. +- CSS signals (Composite Source Signals) which are composed of high-, low-correlated signals and silence periods aiming at simulating speech signals. The use of real speech (couples of sentences & energetic sentences) or constant synthetic signals as USASI were preferred in this Evaluation Methodology. + +NOTE: This part of the FREETEL database is not presently available but a procedure to make it "public" is under way. + +#### 4.3.3.2 Adapted objective evaluation procedure to a GSM Handsfree mobile + +##### 4.3.3.2.1 Motivation of an adapted evaluation procedure + +In the context of the GSM mobile the objective methodology of evaluation presented in subclause 4.3.3.1 and in details in reference document [4] of subclause B.5, had to be focused onto the existing Handsfree device real-time platforms aiming at prototyping Industrial handsfree echo cancellation devices. The DSP board (EVM or commercial board), implementing the pre-selected AEC algorithms (after simulation), is connected through interfaces to the acoustic front-ends (the "Handsfree Adapter") and the PC-AT driving the application. The Handsfree Adapter allows to connect different acoustic front-ends such as a mobile handset or a 'handsfree car-kit' and permits to configurate the global system Acoustic front-end/PC-DSP in two possible ways of communications: internal mode or real GSM mode. + +On the other hand the Evaluation Methodology of AEC devices has been materialized into an Evaluation Tool (ET) implemented in C-language (see subclause B.5 reference [4]) based on each of the ITU-T G.167 parameters presented in subclause 4.3.3.1.1. However some modifications in the ET were felt necessary namely by only keeping objective + +parameters that were found reliable and relevant for AEC during preliminary evaluations on real acoustic front-ends signals for pre-selection of AEC algorithms. The separaters ??? are:: + +- echo reduction measures in Simple talk ('st') and Path Variation ('pv') modes: ERLEst/TCLst, ERLEpv/TCLpv, Tic, Trpv; +- the similar parameters but computed in noisy conditions: ERLExxn/TCLxxn, Txx\_n. + +The procedure is based on the use of the far-end terminal either in the handsfree or in the handset modes in order to take into account the possible distortion effects onto the far-end speech signal $R_{in}$ going across the different communication stages inside the mobile terminal (A/D-D/A converting, speaker gain, speech encoding/decoding...) till the loudspeaker input $R_{out}$ of the near-end terminal still in the handsfree mode. This procedure, presented in the following subclause 4.3.3.2.2, is materialised by recordings of useful signals for the echoes characterisation and AEC processing evaluation: the objective is to perform these recordings by using the global system PC-DSP-Handsfree Adapter above-described. + +On the other side the GSM network effect, which is essentially + +- the 90 ms delay making a double-delay shift onto the acoustical echo versus to the original signal, +- the low-level noise signals, generated by the GSM network and that may perturbate the AEC filter, + +had to be included and, this, by performing a real GSM communication between the near-end and the far-end parts: this facility was offered by the Handsfree adapter that provided an interface with a GSM base. + +The following subclauses present this Adapted Evaluation procedure to be used to prototype any echo cancellation stage for a given acoustic front-end such as a handsfree car-kit (microphone and loudspeaker are independent) or a « self-contained handsfree » handset (the microphone and the loudspeaker are in the same box and close to each other). Then it is derived and proposed from this procedure a scheme for assessing a whole Handsfree device for GSM terminals. + +##### 4.3.3.2.2 Objective evaluation procedure for prototyping the GSM Handsfree AEC algorithms + +The proposed procedure was based on the use of a Head and Torso Simulator (HATS) successively placed in front of the different kinds of terminals connected to the Handsfree Adapter. The procedure decomposes in two main steps: + +- creating of a specific handsfree speech database within the GSM mobile platform context +- objective evaluation of the AEC processing by using pre-recorded speech signals resulting from step a) + +The following block-diagram provides an illustration of the procedure tool. + +![Block-diagram of the Evaluation system for a Handsfree Mobile/Fixed Terminal. The diagram shows a central 'Handsfree Adapter' block connected to a 'GSM Network' block. The 'Handsfree Adapter' has inputs 'S in' and 'R out', and outputs 'S out' and 'R in'. The 'GSM Network' has inputs 'R in' and 'S out', and outputs 'S out' and 'R in'. The 'Handsfree Adapter' is connected to a 'PC/EVM' block, which is in turn connected to an 'Evaluation Tool' block. The 'Handsfree Adapter' is also connected to a 'Noise' source and a 'near-end HATS (1)' (represented by a head icon). The 'GSM Network' is connected to a 'far-end HATS (2)' (represented by a head icon). The 'near-end HATS (1)' is connected to a 'Microphone' (Mic 1) and a 'Loudspeaker' (Lsp 1). The 'far-end HATS (2)' is connected to a 'Microphone' (Mic 2) and a 'Loudspeaker' (Lsp 2). The 'PC/EVM' block is connected to the 'Handsfree Adapter' via a 'Serial' interface and a 'Parallel' interface. The 'Evaluation Tool' block is connected to the 'PC/EVM' block via a 'Serial' interface.](6b2219bc45afc6a2c5eedcf595dae7b9_img.jpg) + +Block-diagram of the Evaluation system for a Handsfree Mobile/Fixed Terminal. The diagram shows a central 'Handsfree Adapter' block connected to a 'GSM Network' block. The 'Handsfree Adapter' has inputs 'S in' and 'R out', and outputs 'S out' and 'R in'. The 'GSM Network' has inputs 'R in' and 'S out', and outputs 'S out' and 'R in'. The 'Handsfree Adapter' is connected to a 'PC/EVM' block, which is in turn connected to an 'Evaluation Tool' block. The 'Handsfree Adapter' is also connected to a 'Noise' source and a 'near-end HATS (1)' (represented by a head icon). The 'GSM Network' is connected to a 'far-end HATS (2)' (represented by a head icon). The 'near-end HATS (1)' is connected to a 'Microphone' (Mic 1) and a 'Loudspeaker' (Lsp 1). The 'far-end HATS (2)' is connected to a 'Microphone' (Mic 2) and a 'Loudspeaker' (Lsp 2). The 'PC/EVM' block is connected to the 'Handsfree Adapter' via a 'Serial' interface and a 'Parallel' interface. The 'Evaluation Tool' block is connected to the 'PC/EVM' block via a 'Serial' interface. + +Figure 12: Block-diagram of the Evaluation system for a Handsfree Mobile/Fixed Terminal + +###### **a) Pre-recording and storage of the specific handsfree speech database** + +This phase corresponding to the pre-recording of handsfree speech materials will be only done once. It is composed of three steps, + +**Step 1:** Diffuse by means of HATS (2) the speech input files of the FREETEL -Esprit database (see subclause 4.3.3.1.2, loudspeaker input files) corresponding to speech/synthetic signals. In the same time these signals are recorded both at the Lsp1 loudspeaker input, denoted Rout, and at the Mic2 microphone output, denoted Rin, in a digital format and stored into the hard disk memory of the external PC driving the DSP board. Rin can be recorded either at the Handsfree adapter interface (input of the echo cancellation system), including the GSM network , or at the far-end Mic2 output. Recordings can be synchronised at the far-end with the near-end. + +**Step 2:** Newly stored signal Rout is then transformed according to a linear rule of gain varying for simulating the echo path variation. New transformed signal will be denoted Rout\_pv. All these operations/computations are supported by the PC. + +**Step 3:** Signal Rout (or Rout\_pv), stored in the PC memory, is diffused by the PC through the loudspeaker Lsp1, the Sin signal at the microphone Mic1 output is recorded and stored in the PC memory. For this step of the database recording two kinds of situation are foreseen: + +- in simple talk situation with the near-end HATS (1) in silent state, +- in double talk with HATS (1) diffusing in the same time a near-end speech. +- both situations with ambient noise generation extracted from a library of pre-defined noise files + +###### **b. Objective evaluation of the AEC processing on the Handsfree Database** + +After the specific database recording task realised once in **a.** the objective evaluation of AEC algorithms implemented into the DSP can be started every time one desires. During the AEC processing, the following operations will be done in the same time: + +- the pre-stored Sin signal (echo + possible near-end speech produced by HATS(1)) is being diffused; +- the pre-stored Rin signal is being diffused; +- the output signal from the AEC denoted Sout in the figure will be provisionally stored into the PC memory. We recall that the output signal Sout will represent in this case the residual echo signal + possible transformed "dt" signal and environment noise. + +After that the Evaluation Tool (ET) will provide by using all necessary stored signals the AEC performance parameters previously defined according to 4.3.3.1.1 and reference [4] of subclause B.5 and the deviation to the ITU-T recommended values. In fact the ET software will be preferably placed in the PC and will give these results under a synthetic table format every time one desires to test the AEC algorithms integrated inside the DSP board. Then these results can also be compared to the simulation results obtained with the same AEC methods implemented in C-unix. Nevertheless only the set of parameters retained in 4.3.3.2.1 are considered with reliance. + +**This objective evaluation procedure will allow to check preferably the performances of the real time AEC versions with regards its simulated version** + +##### **4.3.3.2.3            Proposed Objective-Subjective Evaluation procedure** + +The proposed Objective-Subjective evaluation consisted in performing listening tests by using the Handsfree system Objective ET platform presented in subclause 4.3.3.2.2. A limited number of expert listeners (e.g. 10 listeners) will give quality marks well targeted on the main handsfree effects to be analysed , previously defined in subclause 4.3.2 such as echo disturbance, bad tracking/convergence on the echo, clipping effects, transmitted ambient noise contrasts. The Handsfree system ET will compute in the same time the retained Objective parameters. This is intended to provide some feedback on the objective parameters thanks by the evaluation of subjective quality performances done by the expert listeners. + +This Objective-Subjective Evaluation procedure was not fully validated but was partly used for real implementation of AEC techniques on target DSPs. This might be used also to validate firstly-retained objective parameters (in 4.3.3.2.1) and make necessary modifications/refinements on those that are not easy to interpretation/implementation (double talk situations). If this first step is considered as satisfactory then an objective evaluation based on the pre-validated objective parameters could be only done for each handsfree function to be tested. + +From experiments performed with the FREETEL handsfree system in real GSM communications it has been felt mandatory to keep, for the Handsfree device evaluation, the GSM network component since it has a significant influence onto the AEC filtering stages. + +##### 4.3.3.2.4 Derived Evaluation schemes for Handsfree mobile telephones + +From the previous objective evaluation procedure of Handsfree AEC processing devices it is also interesting to derive the same type of procedure for Handsfree GSM terminal products. + +This procedure permits to compute a set of 11 objective parameters retained in subclause 4.3.3.2.1 aiming at validating the main performances of the AEC device integrated in the Handsfree terminal. + +This set of 11 parameters is computed by means of the Evaluation Tool software mentioned in subclause 4.3.3.2.1 and are summarised hereafter: + +- Average echo loss (TCLst) and convergence times in simple talk Tic 20 (till TCL reaches TCLst -20dB) and Tic 10 (till TCL reaches TCLst - 10 dB). Tic characterises the reactivity of the AEC when the communication starts; +- Average echo loss (TCLpv) and convergence times after echo path variation Tic\_pv\_10 / Tic\_pv\_20 (at TCLpv=10dB/20 dB) Tic\_pv measures the reactivity of AEC after "path variation" of the acoustic echo; +- Performances of echo reduction in noisy environments: (TCLstn, Tic\_stn) and (TCLpvn, Tic\_pvn); + +Noise is added on the acoustic echo and must present preferably a stationary spectrum; + +- Behaviour assessment of a purely "Half-duplex" device (gain switching) in interactive situations between the near-end and the far-end users: the Tonst parameter measure is recommended to be added but this parameter need to be analysed. + +The following schemes of evaluation can be used for measuring performances of AEC systems integrated in GSM terminals. + +![Figure 13: Evaluation of the AEC function of a GSM Terminal. The diagram shows a GSM Mobile Station (MS) connected to a PC/EVM via an MS/Car Kit Interface. The MS contains a Gain Switch Echo Suppressor, an A/D C converter, a Full-duplex Adaptive Echo Canceller, and a D/A C converter. The MS is connected to a microphone (Mic) and a speaker (Lsp1) via a near-end (+ noise) signal path. The MS is also connected to a remote end (or HATS) via a R out path. The PC/EVM contains an Evaluation Tool in PC and is connected to the MS/Car Kit Interface via a U PCM I path.](4b587081b669e7c6695b0e5db5ea7f6d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the evaluation setup for the AEC function of a GSM terminal. At the top, a box labeled 'GSM Mobile Station (MS)' contains several internal components: 'Gain Switch Echo Suppr.', 'A D C', 'Full-duplex Adaptive Echo Canceller', and 'D A C'. External connections to the MS include: + +- A 'near-end (+ noise) signals' input connected to a microphone ('Mic'). +- A speaker ('Lsp1') connected to the 'R out' output. +- A 'R in' input connected to a 'dec' (decoder) block. +- A 'S out' output connected to a 'cod' (coder) block. +- A 'U PCM I' interface at the bottom right. + +The 'U PCM I' interface is connected to a 'MS / Car Kit Interface' box. This interface is further connected to a 'PC / E V M' box, which in turn is connected to an 'Evaluation Tool in PC' box. The 'PC / E V M' box also has a monitor icon. Additionally, there is a 'near-end (+ noise) signals' input connected to the 'Mic' and a '(or HATS)' label near the microphone. + +Figure 13: Evaluation of the AEC function of a GSM Terminal. The diagram shows a GSM Mobile Station (MS) connected to a PC/EVM via an MS/Car Kit Interface. The MS contains a Gain Switch Echo Suppressor, an A/D C converter, a Full-duplex Adaptive Echo Canceller, and a D/A C converter. The MS is connected to a microphone (Mic) and a speaker (Lsp1) via a near-end (+ noise) signal path. The MS is also connected to a remote end (or HATS) via a R out path. The PC/EVM contains an Evaluation Tool in PC and is connected to the MS/Car Kit Interface via a U PCM I path. + +**Figure 13: Evaluation of the AEC function of a GSM Terminal** + +Same procedure can also be used for GSM terminals equipped of a Handsfree car-kit: + +![Block diagram of the evaluation setup for the AEC function of a GSM Terminal with Handsfree Car-kit. The diagram shows three main components: an External Handsfree car kit, a GSM Mobile Station (MS), and a PC/EVM. The car kit is connected to the MS via an analog I/O interface. The MS contains internal blocks for Gain, Switch, Echo Suppression, A/D conversion, Full-duplex Adaptive Echo Cancellation, and D/A conversion. The PC/EVM is connected to the MS via a UPCM1 interface and runs an evaluation tool. Microphones and speakers are connected to the car kit and the MS for signal input and output. Labels include 'near-end (+ noise) signals', 'Mic 1 (or HATS)', 'Lsp 1', 'S in', 'R out', 'S out', 'R in', 'encod', 'decod', and 'UPCM1 interface : Connection to MS Digital I/O'.](2837ffdadcdb1e5bababa56b564e56ed_img.jpg) + +External Handsfree car kit + +2 options : + +- (1) HF processing in MS +- (2) HF processing in car kit + +Analog I/O connected to MS + +UPCM1 interface : Connection to MS Digital I/O + +GSM Mobile Station (MS) + +near-end (+ noise) signals + +Mic 1 (or HATS) + +Lsp 1 + +S in + +R out + +Gain + +Switch + +Echo Suppr. + +A/D + +D/A + +Full-duplex Adaptive Echo Cancelle + +S out + +R in + +encod + +decod + +UPCM1 + +Evaluat. Tool in PC + +PC/EVM + +MS/Car Kit Interface + +Block diagram of the evaluation setup for the AEC function of a GSM Terminal with Handsfree Car-kit. The diagram shows three main components: an External Handsfree car kit, a GSM Mobile Station (MS), and a PC/EVM. The car kit is connected to the MS via an analog I/O interface. The MS contains internal blocks for Gain, Switch, Echo Suppression, A/D conversion, Full-duplex Adaptive Echo Cancellation, and D/A conversion. The PC/EVM is connected to the MS via a UPCM1 interface and runs an evaluation tool. Microphones and speakers are connected to the car kit and the MS for signal input and output. Labels include 'near-end (+ noise) signals', 'Mic 1 (or HATS)', 'Lsp 1', 'S in', 'R out', 'S out', 'R in', 'encod', 'decod', and 'UPCM1 interface : Connection to MS Digital I/O'. + +**Figure 14: Evaluation of the AEC function of a GSM Terminal with Handsfree Car-kit** + +**Remark:** these both schemes set up the problem of the UPCM1 connections to the inputs or outputs of the AEC processing modules integrated in the existing GSM terminals. In order to make the measurements applicable it is necessary to dispose of the Rin/Sout digital signals measures just before/after the encoding/decoding blocks. + +If the GSM terminal is equipped of a Handsfree car-kit, generally AEC processing is performed in the external box and it is easier to pick-up these signals. However in future terminals it is foreseeable to have all digital AEC processing within the MS itself, but in this case the signals measures will present same constraints as previously. + +### 4.3.4 Subjective tests + +#### 4.3.4.1 Subjective opinion tests + +The approved subjective methods which are used to determine the quality performance of a given telephone connection are described in Recommendation P.800. Two categories of tests are identified: Conversation Opinion Tests and Listening Opinion Tests. Conversation Tests are intended to reproduce as far as possible in the laboratory situation the actual service conditions experienced by customers. They are mandatory to estimate the effect of degradation's linked to the two-way connection: talking degradation, e.g. sidetone and echo, and conversation degradation, e.g. propagation time, mutilation of speech by the action of voice operated devices; which are typically degradation's for handsfree telephone. Listening only tests or one-way listening tests have been extensively used when the degradation factors to be studied affect only the listening of customers. + +##### 4.3.4.1.1 Listening opinion tests + +Several methods are recommended and fully described in Annexe B to Annex F of ITU-T Recommendation P.800. Among these methods, the two most frequently used are the ACR (Absolute Category Rating) and the DCR (Degradation Category Rating) methods which are both category-judgements methods. One collects the subject' vote on a five-point Quality Scale (ACR), the other on a five-point Degradation Scale (DCR). For both procedures, a strict control of all experimental factors (from speech samples used for recordings to orders of presentation) through experimental design allows to obtain reliable results, which are, thus, statically validated. Naive or non-experienced subjects are used for the evaluation. + +##### 4.3.4.1.2 Conversation Opinion Tests + +This procedure is an interactive evaluation procedure involving two participants: a talker and a listener. They are both placed in a controlled environment and invited to hold conversations with the help of a proposed conversation task. At the end of this exchange, they are individually asked to assess the perceived quality of the communication. Various 5-point category judgements are used; two opinion scales are recommended in P.800, Annex A: the classic Quality scale and a Difficulty scale (binary response to the question:"Did you or your partner have any difficulty in talking or hearing over the connection ?"). + +Certain listening laboratories use more than two scales, typically a questionnaire with half a dozen items. CNET recommends a multicriteria approach where descriptive criteria are grouped together and the use of a minimum of a quality scale and of two impairment scales, namely an echo annoyance scale and a noise annoyance scale. The impairment scale is taken out the DCR method but its application to the conversation situation differs from the recommended procedure for the listening tests in that no explicit good quality reference is introduced prior to each evaluation. The experimental design followed to run this type of tests should be the $n \times n$ graeco-latin square, suitable to take into account four variables with the same degree of freedom ( $n-1$ ): test condition, order of presentation, conversation task and subject. It is necessary to stress the point that the choice of an experimental design and of the subsequent model for variance analysis determine completely the effects which could be estimated from a statistical point of view. + +In its normalised version for purpose of overall quality evaluation, non-experienced subjects are used for these tests. It is possible to conduct simplified conversation tests with different applications: diagnostic or validation of the device under test. In this specific case, professional subjects (operators of telephonometry, experts,..) give their opinion on several criteria; no graeco-latin square design is requested, only one conversation task is used. These simplified tests are not normalised and not statistically validated (4 or 5 collected votes only). + +##### 4.3.4.1.3 Proposed test method + +The proposed methodology adapted from the Ultimate Test Set is not normalised and even not yet validated. This set of tests should be considered as diagnostic tests such as those run during the development phase of a coder which are not documented in ITU-T. The procedure uses five point category-judgement scales which should be conformed to recommended existing ones: quality, listening effort (and derived talking effort) impairment scale, difficulty scale, loudness preference, etc. The fact that no experimental design, and thus, no control of experimental variables are given, along with the small number of collected votes do not allow a statistical justification of the results. + +It should be noted that, within ITU-T SG 12, a new recommendation which requires similar methodological clarification, is under study in Question 14/12. The future recommendation (P.SEEC Speech Evaluation of Echo Canceller) is devoted to the evaluation of the quality performance of echo cancellers and will form a basis of work on other active signal processing devices as those implemented in handsfree terminals. A provisional list of subjective possible procedures along with their applications has been already elaborated which try to prioritize the different methodologies, e.g. Conversation Tests, Talking & and Listening Tests, Third Party Listening Tests, depending of their specific goals, e.g. Overall Opinion and/or Quality, Diagnostic, Parameter Value Selection. + +It is clearly said in the reports of ITU-T SG12 Question 14/12 on this matter that the unique reference will always be the "true, classic" conversation test, as the only one test and that the relationship between Conversation MOS scores and other results should be understood and firmly stated. + +#### 4.3.4.2 Subjective tests extracted from "Ultimate test set" + +The following subclause presents a summary of Race R2072 WP2.2 contribution titled "The Ultimate Test Set". + +This text defines several tests: + +- Objective tests; +- Subjective tests: + - Talker test comprises tests that should reveal any degradations that will hinder the talker in speaking; + - Listener test aims at revealing any degradations that will hinder the listener in listening. + +Part 1 is described in the following (speech and silence; CVC). Part 2:see ITU-T Recommendation. + +- Interactive test (interruption and interaction) is designed to assess the communication link when talker and listener are involved in a highly interactive test, where the respective roles of talker and listener are frequently swapping; +- Conversation test should reveal the subjective quality of the link when it is used in a normal conversation. (See ITU-T Recommendation P.800). + +The subjective tests, except those defined in the ITU-T recommendations are described in annex A. + +##### 1) Talker test + +**Table 10: Talker test** + +| Test Type | Parameters tested | +|----------------|-------------------| +| Free monologue | Noise | +| Counting test | Echo | + +The test can be performed by experimented subjects. It is recommended that at least four different talkers (two male, 2 female). + +The listener can be replaced by a HATS. + +##### 2) Listener test + +**Table 11: Listener test** + +| Test type | Ambient noise | Parameters tested | +|--------------------|-----------------------|----------------------------------------| +| Speech and silence | | Echo | +| Speech and silence | distant ambient noise | Influence of the distant ambient noise | +| Logatoms (CVC) | | DAV | + +The test can be performed by experimented subjects. It is recommended that at least four different talkers (two male, 2 female). + +The talker can be replaced by a HATS placed in the standard conditions. + +##### **3) Interaction and interruption tests** + +The test is made between two partners. It is mainly performed to test the behaviour of speech processor included in the handsfree terminal. Both subjects have active parts, they are faced to two simultaneous tasks, ex: counting and listening. This is difficult task which cannot be asked to naive subjects. Moreover, the evaluation criteria related to voice suppression, voice clipping, etc, is out of the possible interpretation of non experienced subjects. + +According to the classification achieved in ITU-T SG 12 Question 14/12 , this test should remain a diagnostic tool performed by experts. + +# Annex A: Subjective Tests from UTS + +## TALKER TEST / SLOW COUNTING + +The purpose of the test is to reveal degradations that hamper the talker in speaking. The talker is asked to slowly count out from 1 to 20 and to answer to the following questionnaire: + +Q 1. Did you hear any echo ? + +| Score | Echo annoyance | +|-------|-----------------------------------------| +| 5 | degradation is inaudible | +| 4 | degradation is audible but not annoying | +| 3 | degradation is slightly annoying | +| 2 | degradation is annoying | +| 1 | degradation is very annoying | + +Q 2. How would you rate the quality of the connection from the point of view of a talker? + +| Score | Quality Scale | +|-------|---------------| +| 5 | excellent | +| 4 | good | +| 3 | fair | +| 2 | poor | +| 1 | bad | + +## TALKER TEST / FREE MONOLOGUE + +It is asked to have a free monologue. You are completely free in choosing whatever you find meaningful to test the quality. For example, you could whisper, make an exclamation or just talk in a normal manner. While talking, you should listen for any degradations causing difficulty in talking. + +Q 3. What is your opinion on the amount of effort required to talk caused by the presence of any noise: hum, clicks, beeps or tones? + +| Score | Talking effort scale | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| 5 | complete relaxation possible, no effort required | +| 4 | attention necessary, no appreciable effort required | +| 3 | moderate effort required | +| 2 | considerable effort required | +| 1 | extreme effort: talking impossible | + +Q 4. How would you rate the quality of the connection from the point of view of a talker? + +| Score | Quality scale | +|-------|---------------| +| 5 | excellent | +| 4 | good | +| 3 | fair | +| 2 | poor | +| 1 | bad | + +##### LISTENER TEST / SPEECH AND SILENCE TEST + +You are going to hear 4 samples of speech and silence. After listening to each sample, answer to the questionnaires. + +Q 5. Did you hear any echo? + +| Score | | | | | +|----------|----------|----------|----------|-----------------------------------------| +| Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 | Impairment scale: Echo annoyance | +| 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | degradation is inaudible | +| 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | degradation is audible but not annoying | +| 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | degradation is slightly annoying | +| 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | degradation is annoying | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | degradation is very annoying | + +Q 6. How would you rate the quality of the connection from the point of view of a listener? + +| Score | | | | | +|----------|----------|----------|----------|---------------| +| Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 | Quality Scale | +| 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | excellent | +| 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | good | +| 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | fair | +| 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | poor | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | bad | + +Q 7. What is your opinion on the amount of effort required to talk caused by the presence of any noise: hum, clicks, beeps or tones? + +| Score | | | | | +|----------|----------|----------|----------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 | Listening effort scale | +| 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | complete relaxation possible, no effort required | +| 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | attention necessary, no appreciable effort required | +| 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | moderate effort required | +| 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | considerable effort required | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | extreme effort | + +Ambient noise is generated in the distant room + +Q 8. How do you perceive the distant ambient noise? + +| Score | | | | | +|----------|----------|----------|----------|---------------------------------------------------| +| Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 | Impairment scale: distant ambient noise annoyance | +| 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | degradation is inaudible | +| 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | degradation is audible but not annoying | +| 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | degradation is slightly annoying | +| 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | degradation is annoying | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | degradation is very annoying | + +##### LISTENER TEST / CVC + +The test is designed to test the Voice Activity Detector (VAD) + +Q 9. What is your opinion on the amount of listening effort? + +| Score | Listening effort scale | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| 5 | complete relaxation possible, no effort required | +| 4 | attention necessary, no appreciable effort required | +| 3 | moderate effort required | +| 2 | considerable effort required | +| 1 | extreme effort | + +### INTERRUPTION TEST + +At the other side of the telephone connection, a talker is continuously generating speech. You are asked to interrupt the talker by uttering sounds like "uuhu", "yes", "mmm",...to detect degradations caused by the equipment. + +Q 10. How do you rate the amount of voice suppression ? + +| Score | Voice suppression perception | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------| +| 5 | no voice suppression perceived | +| 4 | voice suppression is audible but not annoying | +| 3 | voice suppression is slightly annoying | +| 2 | voice suppression is annoying | +| 1 | voice suppression is very annoying | + +Q 11. How would you rate the overall communication quality ? + +| Note | Quality scale | +|------|---------------| +| 5 | excellent | +| 4 | good | +| 3 | fair | +| 2 | poor | +| 1 | bad | + +### INTERACTION TEST/ COUNTING TEST + +The two partners are at each side of the link and are asked to take turns uttering the numbers from 1 to 20 (one uttering the even, the other the odd numbers) as quickly as possible. The counting can be repeated as often as the partners consider necessary. While counting they should listen for degradations caused by voice clipping and delay. + +Q 12. How would you rate the amount of voice clipping? + +| Score | Amount of voice clipping | +|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------| +| 5 | no voice clipping perceived | +| 4 | voice clipping is audible but does not influence the task | +| 3 | voice clipping slightly causes difficulty to perform the task | +| 2 | voice clipping causes considerable effort to perform the task | +| 1 | voice clipping causes extreme effort: no conversation possible | + +Q 13. Do you perceive any delay? + +| Score | Amount of delay | +|-------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| 5 | no delay perceived | +| 4 | delay perceived but does not influence the task | +| 3 | delay slightly causes difficulty to perform the task | +| 2 | delay causes considerable effort to perform the task | +| 1 | delay causes extreme effort: no conversation possible | + +Q 14. How would you rate the overall communication quality? + +| Score | Quality scale | +|-------|---------------| +| 5 | excellent | +| 4 | good | +| 3 | fair | +| 2 | poor | +| 1 | bad | + +# --- Annex B: Bibliography + +## B.1 References of TD presented in SMG2/ad hoc 03.50 meetings + +30/95. FT/CNET/ Monfort: Analysis of information available on handsfree in mobile (vehicle) environment. + +9/94. Telia/ Karlsson: Measurement on a GSM handsfree telephone). + +58/95. BT/ Goetz: Handsfree test environment. + +42/95 FT/CNET/ Monfort: Test to be applied to ETS 300 540. + +49/95. BT/ Goetz: Advisory text for installation of handsfree MS in a vehicle environment. + +60/95. Head Acoustics/ Gierlich: Cost estimation for a vehicle simulator for handsfree testing. + +12/95. Matra Communications/ J. Boudy: Additional speech processing delay for the use of Handsfree. + +23/95. Matra Communications/ J. Boudy: Delay figures for HF processing. + +35/95. Matra Communications/ J. Boudy: Additional delay for HF processing. + +77/95. Ericsson: Extra delay for handsfree signal processing. + +41/95 Matra Communications/ J. Boudy: Evaluation methodology for full duplex acoustic echo controllers developed within Freetel Project. + +11/94. BT/I.Goetz: Assessing GSM speech quality. + +## --- B.2 References from subclause 4.1 + +- [1] **Background acoustic noise reduction in mobile telephony.** R.A. Goubran, H.M. Hafez. 36th IEEE Vehicle Technology Conference. +- [2] **Speech enhancement for mobile telephony.** M.M. Goulding, J. Bird. IEEE Transactions on vehicular technology, Vol 39, N°4, November 1990. p 316-326. +- [3] **Contribution à l'amélioration des performances d'un radiotelephone mains-libres à commande vocale.** C. Baillargeat. Thésis (18 April 1991). +- [4] **Acoustic noise analysis and speech enhancement for mobile radio applications.** N. Dal Degan, C. Prati. Signal Processing 15, N°1, July 1988, p43-56. +- [5] **On the influence of front end processing schemes on the GSM codec behaviour in the context of handsfree radiotelephony.** P. Scalart, A. Benamar. +- [6] **Noise spectra** CCITT blue book, 1988, Volume 5. Supplement n°13. +- [7] **Binaural Measurements of loudness as a parameter in the evaluation of sound quality in automobiles.** Greg Michel, Gordon Ebbitt, Bruel and Kjaer Instruments Inc. +- [8] **Hands-free and handset mobile telephoning: simulated in situ assessment of telephonic signals and noise using HATS.** Bruel & Kjaer. CCITT COM XII-51. July 1990. +- [9] **Subjective evaluation of quality in car hands-free radiotelephone situation.** France Télécom/CNET. CCITT SG XII.,D.95, Brasilia, September 1991. +- [10] **Subjective evaluation of quality of communications in car hands-free radiotelephone context.** UIT-T Com 12-12, March 1993. France. + +## --- B.3 References from subclause 4.2.1 + +- [1] **State of art in Acoustic Echo Cancellation** .A. Gilloire, E. Moulines, D.Slosk, P. Duhamel. Published in "Digital signal processing in telecommunications". + +## --- B.4 References from subclause 4.3.1 + +"Sound Fields Around the Head/Handset System And Their Exploitation For Pressure Gradient Noise Cancellation": M.P. Hollier, Institute Of Acoustics Proceedings Vol. 12, Part 10 (1990). + +"Communications in noise - a performance ranking metric", Hollier M P, Guard D R, Hawksford M O, BT Technology Journal, Vol. 10, N° 4, October 1992. + +'Outline Proposal For A Noise Rejection Specification For 1/2-Rate GSM' M. Hollier, BTL, Tdoc SMG-02 03.50 32/95. + +"Echo Loss Of GSM Mobiles"; I. Goetz, SMG-02 03.50 Tdoc 4/93. + +"Speech & Speech Model Signals: A Comparison" ITU-TS SGXII Q7/12 & 13/12 Contribution 14, March 1993. + +## --- B.5 References from subclause 4.3.3 + +- [1] **"The Ultimate Test Set"**, RACE R2072 WP2.2 Contribution, PTT Research, Holland. +- [2] **"Status of the Standardization activities on Acoustic Echo Control"**, A. Gilloire, Signal Processing, no27, pp.273-279, 1992. +- [3] **"Performance Evaluation of Acoustic Echo Control: Required Values and Measurements Procedures"**, A. Gilloire, 3rd Int. Workshop on Acoustic Echo Control, Sep. 93, Lannion-France. +- [4] **"EVALUATION METHODOLOGY FOR FULL-DUPLEX ACOUSTIC ECHO CONTROLLERS"** Contribution ITU-T COM 12-40 (September 1994), Source: FREETEL Project. +- [5] **"FREETEL FINAL REPORT "**, ESPRIT IV Project n° 6166. + +# Annex C (informative): Change history + +| SPEC | SMG# | CR | PHA
SE | VERS | NEW_VE
RS | SUBJECT | +|-------|------|-----|-----------|-------|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------| +| 03.58 | s23 | new | R97 | 2.0.0 | 5.0.0 | Handsfree test methods | +| 03.58 | s26 | | R97 | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | R97 version change | +| 03.58 | s26 | | R97 | 6.0.0 | 6.0.1 | Editorial changes for publication | +| 03.58 | s29 | | R98 | | 7.0.0 | Specification version upgrade to Release 1998 version 7.0.0 | +| 03.58 | S31 | | R99 | | 8.0.0 | Specification version upgrade to Release 1999 version 8.0.0 | + +| Change history | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|----------|----|-----|------------------------|--------|--------|--| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | | +| 03-2001 | 11 | | | | Version for Release 4 | | 4.0.0 | | +| 06-2002 | | | | | Version for Release 5 | 4.0.0 | 5.0.0 | | +| 12-2004 | 26 | | | | Version for Release 6 | 5.0.0 | 6.0.0 | | +| 06-2007 | 36 | | | | Version for Release 7 | 6.0.0 | 7.0.0 | | 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Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 9 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 10 | +| 4 Main concepts ..... | 10 | +| 4.1 Assumptions..... | 11 | +| 4.2 Standard LCS Methods ..... | 11 | +| 4.2.1 Timing Advance..... | 11 | +| 4.2.2 Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD) positioning mechanism..... | 11 | +| 4.2.3 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based positioning mechanism ..... | 11 | +| 4.2.4 Uplink Time Difference of Arrival (U-TDOA) positioning mechanism ..... | 11 | +| 5 GERAN LCS Architecture..... | 12 | +| 5.1 LCS Operations..... | 13 | +| 5.2 High-Level Functions..... | 14 | +| 5.2.1 Co-ordination, Measurement and Calculation Functions..... | 14 | +| 5.3 GERAN LCS Functional Entities ..... | 15 | +| 5.3.1 Internal Client Group..... | 15 | +| 5.3.1.1 Internal GERAN Location Client Function (LCF) ..... | 15 | +| 5.3.2 GERAN System Handling group ..... | 15 | +| 5.3.2.1 GERAN Location System Control Function (LSCF) ..... | 15 | +| 5.3.2.2 GERAN Location System Operations Function (LSOF) ..... | 15 | +| 5.3.2.3 Location System Broadcast Function (LSBcF) ..... | 15 | +| 5.3.3 Positioning group..... | 16 | +| 5.3.3.1 GERAN Position Radio Co-ordination Function (PRCF)..... | 16 | +| 5.3.3.2 GERAN Position Calculation Function (PCF) ..... | 16 | +| 5.3.3.3 GERAN Position Signal Measurement Function (PSMF) ..... | 17 | +| 5.3.3.4 GERAN Position Radio Resource Management (PRRM) ..... | 17 | +| 5.4 Assignment of LCS Functional Entities to GERAN Elements ..... | 17 | +| 5.5 Functional Description of GERAN LCS Network Elements..... | 17 | +| 5.5.1 BSC..... | 17 | +| 5.5.2 SMLC ..... | 17 | +| 5.5.3 CBC ..... | 18 | +| 5.5.4 LMU ..... | 18 | +| 5.5.5 MS ..... | 18 | +| 6 Signalling Protocols and Interfaces..... | 18 | +| 6.1 Protocol layering in A/Gb mode ..... | 18 | +| 6.1.1 Generic Signalling Model..... | 18 | +| 6.1.2 Message Segmentation in A/Gb mode ..... | 19 | +| 6.1.2.1 Network Level Segmentation ..... | 19 | +| 6.1.2.2 Intermediate Level Segmentation ..... | 20 | +| 6.1.2.3 RRLP Pseudo-Segmentation..... | 20 | +| 6.1.3 Signalling between an SMLC, MSC and BSC..... | 20 | +| 6.1.3a Signalling between an SMLC, SGSN and BSS..... | 20 | +| 6.1.4 Signaling between SMLC and MS ..... | 21 | +| 6.1.5 SMLC Signalling to a Type A LMU..... | 22 | +| 6.1.5.1 Circuit Switched Signalling using an SDCCH ..... | 22 | +| 6.1.5.2 Signalling using a TCH..... | 22 | +| 6.1.6 SMLC signalling to a Type B LMU..... | 23 | +| 6.1.7 SMLC Signalling to a peer SMLC ..... | 24 | +| 6.2 Protocol layering in Iu mode ..... | 24 | +| 6.2.1 Signalling between SMLC and MSC/SGSN..... | 24 | +| 6.2.2 Signalling between SMLC and MS ..... | 25 | +| 6.2.3 SMLC signalling to a Type A LMU..... | 26 | + +| | | | +|---------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 6.2.4 | SMLC signalling to a Type B LMU..... | 26 | +| 6.2.5 | SMLC signalling to a peer SMLC..... | 26 | +| 7 | GERAN Network Location Procedures..... | 26 | +| 7.1 | State description for SMLC..... | 26 | +| 7.1.1 | SMLC States..... | 26 | +| 7.1.1.1 | NULL State..... | 26 | +| 7.1.1.2 | LOCATION State..... | 26 | +| 7.1.2 | State Functionality..... | 27 | +| 7.1.2.1 | State Transitions ..... | 27 | +| 7.1.2.2 | LOCATION Timer Function..... | 27 | +| 7.2 | State Description for the BSC ..... | 27 | +| 7.2.1 | BSC States ..... | 27 | +| 7.2.1.1 | IDLE State ..... | 27 | +| 7.2.1.2 | LOCATION State..... | 27 | +| 7.2.2 | State Functionality..... | 28 | +| 7.2.2.1 | State Transitions ..... | 28 | +| 7.2.2.2 | LOCATION Timer Function..... | 28 | +| 7.3 | Usage of SCCP Connection on the Lb interface in the CS domain in A/Gb mode ..... | 28 | +| 7.3.1 | SCCP Connection for positioning of a target MS ..... | 28 | +| 7.3.2 | SCCP connection to access a Type A LMU..... | 29 | +| 7.4 | Usage of SCCP Connection on the Lb interface in the PS domain in A/Gb mode..... | 29 | +| 7.4.1 | SCCP Connection for positioning of a target MS ..... | 29 | +| 8 | Common Procedures to Support Positioning..... | 30 | +| 8.1 | Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in the CS Domain in A/Gb mode for E-OTD and A-GNSS positioning methods ..... | 30 | +| 8.1a | Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in the PS Domain in A/Gb mode ..... | 31 | +| 8.1b | Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in Iu Mode..... | 32 | +| 8.2 | Information Transfer between an SMLC and a BSC ..... | 33 | +| 8.3 | Common Procedures to Support Access to an LMU ..... | 33 | +| 8.3.1 | Location Update Procedure between an SMLC and a Type A LMU..... | 34 | +| 8.3.2 | IMSI Detach Procedure between an SMLC and a Type A LMU..... | 34 | +| 8.3.3 | LCS Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Type A LMU..... | 35 | +| 8.3.3.1 | Information Transfer using an SDCCH..... | 35 | +| 8.3.3.2 | Information Transfer using a TCH ..... | 37 | +| 8.3.4 | LCS Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Type B LMU..... | 38 | +| 8.4 | Common Control Procedures for LMUs..... | 38 | +| 8.4.1 | Reset Procedure ..... | 39 | +| 8.4.2 | Status Query Procedure ..... | 39 | +| 8.4.3 | Status Update Procedure..... | 39 | +| 8.5 | Exception Procedures..... | 40 | +| 8.5.1 | Procedures in the SMLC ..... | 40 | +| 8.5.2 | Procedures in an LMU..... | 41 | +| 8.5.3 | Procedures in the BSC in the CS Domain..... | 41 | +| 8.5.3.1 | General Procedures ..... | 41 | +| 8.5.3.2 | Rejection of an SMLC Positioning Request..... | 41 | +| 8.5.3.3 | Interaction with Inter-BSC Handover..... | 41 | +| 8.5.3.4 | Interaction with Intra-BSC Handover and other RR Management Procedures..... | 42 | +| 8.5.3.5 | Priority of Handover and Other RR Management Procedures ..... | 42 | +| 8.5.3.6 | Interaction with Segmentation support for Legacy MS..... | 42 | +| 8.5.3.7 | Overload..... | 42 | +| 8.5.4 | Procedures in the BSS in the PS Domain..... | 43 | +| 8.5.4.1 | General Procedures ..... | 43 | +| 8.5.4.2 | Rejection of an SMLC Positioning Request..... | 43 | +| 8.5.4.3 | Overload..... | 43 | +| 8.5.4.4 | Inter BSS Cell Change..... | 43 | +| 8.5.5 | Void ..... | 44 | +| 8.6 | Procedures in the Target MS..... | 44 | +| 8.7 | Further Procedures for Handover..... | 44 | +| 9 | Positioning procedures..... | 44 | +| 9.1 | Positioning Procedure Initiation..... | 44 | + +| | | | +|------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 9.1.1 | Core Network Position Procedure Initiation over the A interface ..... | 44 | +| 9.1.2 | Positioning Procedure Initiation from an Internal LCS Client for the CS Domain (A/Gb mode) ..... | 45 | +| 9.1.3 | Core Network Position Procedure Initiation over the Gb interface ..... | 45 | +| 9.1.4 | Positioning Procedure Initiation from Core Network (Iu mode)..... | 46 | +| 9.1.5 | Positioning Procedure Initiation from Internal LCS Client (Iu mode)..... | 46 | +| 9.2 | Common Positioning Procedure for CS Domain in A/Gb mode ..... | 46 | +| 9.2a | Common Positioning Procedure for PS Domain in A/Gb mode..... | 47 | +| 9.2b | Common Positioning Procedure for Iu mode..... | 48 | +| 9.2c | GPRS Cell Change for the PS Domain in A/Gb mode ..... | 49 | +| 9.2c.1 | Intra-BSS Cell Change ..... | 49 | +| 9.2c.2 | Inter-BSS Cell Change ..... | 49 | +| 9.3 | TA Based Positioning in CS Domain for A/Gb-mode..... | 50 | +| 9.3.1 | Definition of TA states ..... | 50 | +| 9.3.1.1 | MS in IDLE State ..... | 50 | +| 9.3.1.2 | MS in DEDICATED State..... | 50 | +| 9.3.2 | TA Positioning Procedure ..... | 51 | +| 9.3.3 | Unsuccessful TA positioning procedure in BSC..... | 51 | +| 9.3a | TA Based Positioning in PS Domain for A/Gb-mode ..... | 51 | +| 9.3a.1 | Definition of PS Domain TA Modes..... | 52 | +| 9.3a.1.1 | MS in Packet Idle Mode ..... | 52 | +| 9.3a.1.2 | MS in Packet Transfer Mode ..... | 52 | +| 9.3a.2 | TA Positioning Procedure ..... | 52 | +| 9.3a.3 | Unsuccessful TA positioning procedure in BSS ..... | 53 | +| 9.4 | E-OTD and A-GNSS Positioning Procedures..... | 53 | +| 9.4.1 | General procedures ..... | 53 | +| 9.4.2 | Positioning Request..... | 53 | +| 9.4.3 | Assistance Data Delivery ..... | 54 | +| 9.4.3a | Positioning Capability Transfer..... | 55 | +| 9.4.4 | Error Handling for E-OTD and A-GNSS in CS Domain ..... | 56 | +| 9.4.5 | Error Handling for the SMLC in CS Domain ..... | 57 | +| 9.4.5a | Error Handling for E-OTD and A-GNSS in PS Domain ..... | 57 | +| 9.4.6 | Broadcast of Assistance Data ..... | 58 | +| 9.4.6.1 | Point-To-Multipoint Assistance Data Broadcast Flow..... | 58 | +| 9.4.6.2 | Ciphering ..... | 59 | +| 9.4.6.2.1 | Algorithm ..... | 59 | +| 9.4.6.3 | Deciphering key control and delivery to MS..... | 60 | +| 9.5 | U-TDOA Positioning Procedures..... | 62 | +| 9.5.0 | General ..... | 62 | +| 9.5.1 | U-TDOA Positioning in CS Domain for A/Gb-mode ..... | 62 | +| 9.5.1.1 | General Procedures ..... | 62 | +| 9.5.1.2 | CS U-TDOA Messages and Procedures on the Lb Interface..... | 62 | +| 9.5.1.3 | RR Procedure effecting the CS U-TDOA channel description ..... | 63 | +| 9.5.1.4 | BSC Error Handling during CS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure ..... | 64 | +| 9.5.2 | U-TDOA Positioning in PS Domain for A/Gb-mode ..... | 64 | +| 9.5.2.1 | Introduction..... | 64 | +| 9.5.2.2 | General Procedures ..... | 64 | +| 9.5.2.2.1 | MS in packet idle mode..... | 65 | +| 9.5.2.2.2 | MS in packet transfer mode ..... | 65 | +| 9.5.2.3 | PS U-TDOA Messages and Procedures on the Lb Interface ..... | 65 | +| 9.5.2.4 | RLC/MAC Procedure affecting the PS U-TDOA TBF description ..... | 66 | +| 9.5.2.5 | Error Handling during PS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure ..... | 66 | +| 10 | Information storage ..... | 67 | +| 10.1 | SMLC ..... | 67 | +| 10.2 | Recovery and Restoration Procedures..... | 68 | +| Annex A (informative): | Change history..... | 69 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the stage 2 of the LoCation Services (LCS) feature in GERAN, which provides the mechanisms to support mobile location services for operators, subscribers and third party service providers. + +The purpose of this stage 2 specification is to define the GERAN LCS architecture, functional entities and operations to support location methods. This description is confined to the aspects of LCS within the GERAN and does not define nor describe the LCS entities or operations within the Core Network. + +Location Services may be considered as a network provided enabling technology consisting of standardised service capabilities, which enable the provision of location applications. The application(s) may be service provider specific. The description of the numerous and varied possible location applications which are enabled by this technology are outside the scope of the present document. However, clarifying examples of how the functionality being described may be used to provide specific location services may be included. + +This stage 2 specification covers the GERAN LCS functional model and entities, the location methods, state descriptions, and message flows. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 22.071: "Location Services (LCS); Service description - Stage 1". +- [3] 3GPP TS 22.101: "Service aspects; Service principles". +- [4] 3GPP TS 23.007: "Restoration procedures". +- [5] 3GPP TS 23.032: "Universal Geographical Area Description (GAD)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 23.041: "Technical realization of Cell Broadcast Service (CBS)". +- [7] 3GPP TS 23.271: "Functional stage 2 description of location services". +- [8] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile Radio Interface Layer 3 specification; Core Network Protocols; Stage 3". +- [9] 3GPP TS 24.030: "Location Services (LCS); Supplementary service operations; Stage 3". +- [10] 3GPP TS 24.080: "Mobile radio Layer 3 Supplementary Services specification; Formats and coding". +- [11] 3GPP TS 43.051: "GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) overall description; Stage 2". +- [12] 3GPP TS 44.006: "Mobile Station - Base Station System (MS - BSS) interface; Data Link (DL) layer specification". +- [13] 3GPP TS 44.012: "Short Message Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB) Support on the Mobile Radio Interface". +- [14] 3GPP TS 44.018: "Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Radio Resource Control Protocol". + +- [15] 3GPP TS 44.031: "Location Services (LCS); Mobile Station (MS) - Serving Mobile Location Centre (SMLC) Radio Resource LCS Protocol (RRLP)". +- [16] 3GPP TS 44.035: "Location Services (LCS); Broadcast Network Assistance for Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD) and Global Positioning System (GPS) Positioning Methods". +- [17] 3GPP TS 44.071: "Location Services (LCS); Mobile Radio Interface Layer 3 Location Services (LCS) specification". +- [18] 3GPP TS 48.008: "Mobile-services Switching Centre - Base Station System (MSC - BSS) interface; Layer 3 specification". +- [19] 3GPP TS 48.031: "Location Services (LCS); Serving Mobile Location Centre - Serving Mobile Location Centre (SMLC - SMLC); SMLCPP specification". +- [20] 3GPP TS 48.058: "Base Station Controller - Base Transceiver Station (BSC - BTS) interface; Layer 3 specification". +- [21] 3GPP TS 48.071: "Serving Mobile Location Center – Base Station System (SMLC-BSS) interface; Layer 3 specification". +- [22] 3GPP TS 49.031: "Location Services (LCS); Base Station System Application Part LCS Extension (BSSAP-LE)". +- [23] TTA/EIA/IS-J-STD-036 (2000): "Emergency Services Data Communications". +- [24] 3GPP TS 48.016: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Base Station System (BSS) - Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) interface; Network Service". +- [25] 3GPP TS 48.018: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Base Station System (BSS) - Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN); BSS GPRS Protocol (BSSGP)". +- [26] 3GPP TS 44.064: "Mobile Station - Serving GPRS Support Node (MS-SGSN) Logical Link Control (LLC) layer specification". +- [27] 3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 2". +- [28] 3GPP TS 44.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Mobile Station (MS) - Base Station System (BSS) interface; Radio Link Control/Medium Access Control (RLC/MAC) protocol". +- [29] 3GPP TS 25.410: "UTRAN Iu Interface: General Aspects and Principles". +- [30] 3GPP TS 25.411: "UTRAN Iu Interface Layer 1". +- [32] 3GPP TS 25.412: "UTRAN Iu Interface signalling transport". +- [33] 3GPP TS 25.413: "UTRAN Iu Interface RANAP signalling". +- [34] 3GPP TS 44.118: "Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol Iu Mode". +- [35] IETF STD 51, RFC 1661(07/1994): "The Point-To-Point Protocol (PPP)". +- [36] IETF STD 51, RFC 1662(07/1994): "PPP in HDLC-like Framing". +- [37] IETF RFC 2507(02/1999): "IP header compression". +- [38] IETF RFC 1990(07/1994): "The PPP Multilink Protocol (MP)". +- [39] IETF RFC 2686(09/1999): "The Multi-Class Extension to Multi-Link PPP". +- [40] IETF RFC 2509(02/1999): "IP Header Compression over PPP". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document the following terms and definitions apply and the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 22.101. + +**A/Gb mode:** see 3GPP TS 43.051 [11]. + +**Iu mode:** see 3GPP TS 43.051 [11]. + +**LCS (LoCation Services):** LCS is a service concept in system standardisation. LCS specifies all the necessary network elements and entities, their functionality, interfaces, as well as communication messages, necessary to implement the positioning functionality in a cellular network. + +NOTE 1: LCS does not specify any location based (value added) services except locating of emergency calls. + +**LCS Client:** software and/or hardware entity that interacts with a LCS Server for the purpose of obtaining location information for one or more Mobile Stations. LCS Clients subscribe to LCS in order to obtain location information. LCS Clients may or may not interact with human users. The LCS Client is responsible for formatting and presenting data and managing the user interface (dialogue). The LCS Client may reside in the Mobile Station (MS). + +**LCS Server:** software and/or hardware entity offering LCS capabilities. The LCS Server accepts requests, services requests, and sends back responses to the received requests. The LCS server consists of LCS components, which are distributed to one or more PLMN and/or service provider. + +**Location Estimate:** geographic location of an MS and/or valid Mobile Equipment (ME), expressed in latitude and longitude data. The Location Estimate shall be represented in a well-defined universal format. Translation from this universal format to another geographic location system may be supported, although the details are considered outside the scope of the primitive services. + +**Location Request:** request for a Location Estimate and optionally a Velocity Estimate. + +**Mobile Assisted positioning:** any mobile centric positioning method (e.g. E-OTD, A-GNSS) in which the MS provides position measurements to the network for computation of a location estimate by the network. The network may provide assistance data to the MS to enable position measurements and/or improve measurement performance. + +**Mobile Based positioning:** any mobile centric positioning method (e.g. E-OTD, A-GNSS) in which the MS performs both position measurements and computation of a location estimate and where assistance data useful or essential to one or both of these functions is provided to the MS by the network. Position methods where an MS performs measurements and location computation without network assistance data are not considered within this category. + +**Mobile Station:** consists of Mobile or User Equipment (ME or MS) with a valid SIM or USIM attached. + +**Positioning (/location detecting):** positioning is a functionality, which detects a geographical location (of e.g. a mobile terminal). + +**Positioning technology (/locating technology):** technology or system concept including the specifications of RF interfaces, data types, etc. to process the estimation of a geographical location, e.g. A-GNSS and E-OTD. + +**Radio Interface Timing:** Comprise Absolute Time Differences (ATDs) or Real Time Differences (RTDs) of the signals transmitted by Base Stations, where timing differences are measured relative to either some absolute time difference (ATD) or the signals of another Base Station (RTD). + +**RRLP maximum PDU size:** maximum PDU size for the RRLP protocol, which is 242 octets. + +**RRLP pseudo-segmentation:** use of several RRLP data messages to deliver a large amount of information. + +**Target MS:** Mobile Station being positioned. + +**Type A LMU:** accessed exclusively over the air interface (Um interface); there is no wired connection to any other network element. + +**Type B LMU:** is accessed over the Abis interface from a BSC. The LMU may be either a standalone network element addressed using some pseudo-cell ID or connected to or integrated in a BTS. + +**Velocity Estimate:** speed and bearing of an MS and/or valid Mobile Equipment (ME), expressed as speed in kilometres per hour and bearing in degrees measured clockwise from North. + +NOTE 2: Abis interface is beyond the scope of the present document. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations and the abbreviations given in 3GPP TS 21.905 apply. + +| | | +|----------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| 2G- | Second Generation | +| 3G- | Third Generation | +| A | Interface between GERAN BSS and MSC | +| A-GNSS | Assisted GNSS | +| A-GPS | Assisted GPS | +| ATD | Absolute Time Difference | +| BSSLAP | Base Station System Application Part | +| BSSAP-LE | Base Station System Application Part LCS Extension | +| CBC-BSC | Interface between CBC and BSC | +| CBC-SMLC | Interface between CBC and SMLC | +| D-GPS | Differential GPS | +| E-OTD | Enhanced Observed Time Difference | +| GNSS | Global Navigation Satellite System (e.g. GPS, Galileo) | +| Iu | Interface between GERAN BSS and 3G Core Network | +| Iu-cs | Interface between GERAN BSS and 3G MSC | +| Iu-ps | Interface between GERAN BSS and 3G SGSN | +| Gb | Interface between GERAN BSS and SGSN | +| Lb | Interface between SMLC and BSC | +| LCCF | Location Client Control Function | +| LCF | Location Client Function | +| LSBcF | Location System Broadcast Function | +| LSCF | Location System Control Function | +| LSOF | Location System Operation Function | +| PCF | Position Calculation Function | +| PRCF | Positioning Radio Co-ordination Function | +| PRRM | Positioning Radio Resource Management | +| PSMF | Positioning Signal Measurement Function | +| RIT | Radio Interface Timing | +| RRLP | Radio Resource Link Protocol | +| RTD | Real Time Difference | +| SMSCB | Short Message Service Cell Broadcast | +| SMLCPP | Serving Mobile Location Center Peer Protocol | +| TA | Timing Advance | +| UDT | SCCP Unitdata message | +| Um | GERAN Air Interface | +| UTC | Universal Coordinated Time | +| U-TDOA | Uplink Time Difference of Arrival | + +# 4 Main concepts + +A general description of location services and the service requirements is given in the specification 3GPP TS 22.071. By measuring radio signals the capability to determine the geographic location of the mobile station (MS) shall be provided. The location information may be requested by and reported to a client (application) associated with the MS, or by a client within or attached to the Core Network. The location information may also be utilised internally by GERAN, for example to support features such as home location billing. The location information shall be reported in standard formats, such as those for cell based or geographical coordinates of the location of the MS. + +It shall be possible for the majority of the MS (active or idle) within a network to use the feature without compromising the radio transmission or signalling capabilities of the GERAN. + +Four positioning mechanisms are supported for LCS: Timing Advance (TA), Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based positioning (A-GNSS) and Uplink Time Difference Of Arrival (U-TDOA). + +## 4.1 Assumptions + +- SMLC is either an integrated functionality in BSS or a standalone network element within GERAN. +- LMU is either an integrated functionality in BTS (Type B LMU) or a standalone network element (Type A LMU) where communication is over the Um interface. + +## 4.2 Standard LCS Methods + +### 4.2.1 Timing Advance + +The TA is based on the existing Timing Advance (TA) parameter. The TA value is known for the serving BTS. To obtain TA values in case the MS is in idle mode a special procedure, not noticed by the GSM subscriber (no ringing tone), is set up. The cell-ID of the serving cell and the TA is returned as the result of the TA. + +TA may be used to assist all positioning mechanisms. + +### 4.2.2 Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD) positioning mechanism + +The E-OTD method is based on measurements in the MS of the Enhanced Observed Time Difference of arrival of bursts of nearby pairs of BTSs. For E-OTD measurement synchronization, normal and dummy bursts are used. When the transmission frames of BTSs are not synchronized, the network needs to measure the Real or Absolute Time Differences (RTDs or ATDs) between them. To obtain accurate trilateration, E-OTD measurements and, for non-synchronized BTSs, RTD or ATD measurements are needed for at least three distinct pairs of geographically dispersed BTSs. Based on the measured E-OTD values the location of MS can be calculated either in the network or in the MS itself, if all the needed information is available in MS. + +### 4.2.3 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based positioning mechanism + +Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) refers to satellite systems that are set up for positioning purposes. Systems belonging to this category, that are operational today or will be in the near future are e.g., GPS, Galileo, Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS), Modernized GPS, Quasi Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) and GLONASS. + +A mobile station with GNSS measurement capability may operate in an autonomous mode or in an assisted mode for example MS-assisted or MS-based mode. In autonomous mode MS determines its position based on signals received from GNSS without assistance from network. In assisted mode, MS receives assistance data from network. MS may support one or several GNSSs and the assistance data content may vary depending on this capability. + +A-GNSS refers to a concept which supports several global navigation satellite systems and their different navigation signals, including e.g. GPS, Galileo, Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS), Modernized GPS, Quasi Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) and GLONASS. The assistance data shall enable combined usage of satellite signals belonging to different GNSS or simple usage of one GNSS system independently from the other. + +### 4.2.4 Uplink Time Difference of Arrival (U-TDOA) positioning mechanism + +The U-TDOA positioning method is based on network measurements of the Time Of Arrival (TOA) of a known signal sent from the mobile and received at three or more LMUs. The known signal is the normal bursts generated by a mobile while in the dedicated mode; either on the SDCCH or TCH. The method requires LMUs in the geographic vicinity of the mobile to be positioned to accurately measure the TOA of the bursts. Since the geographical coordinates of the measurement units are known, the mobile position can be calculated via hyperbolic trilateration. This method will work with existing mobiles without any modification. + +# 5 GERAN LCS Architecture + +Figure 1 shows the general arrangement of the Location Service feature. This illustrates, generally, the relation of LCS Clients and servers in the core network with the GERAN. The definition and operation of LCS entities operating in the core network is outside the scope of the present document. The LCS entities within the GERAN communicate with the Core Network (CN) across the A, Gb and Iu interfaces. + +Communication among the GERAN LCS entities makes use of the messaging and signalling capabilities of the GERAN. + +As part of their service or operation, the LCS Clients may request the location information of Mobile Station. There may be more than one LCS client. These may be associated with the core network, associated with the GERAN, operated as part of a MS application or accessed by the MS through its access to an application (e.g. through the Internet). + +Within the GERAN, the BSC receives authenticated requests for LCS information from the core network across the A, Gb or Iu interface and passes these to the SMLC. The SMLC may be a standalone network element or functionality that is integrated to the BSC. LCS entities then manage the GERAN resources, including the base station, the LMU, the MS and calculation functions, to estimate the location of the MS and return the result to the Core Network. + +![Functional LCS Architecture in GERAN diagram](78ffccd66df9bafd96e3e081110d09dd_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional LCS architecture in GERAN. It shows four main entities: LCS Client, SMLC, BSC, and MS. The LCS Client sends a '1. LCS Service Request' to the BSC. The BSC then initiates '2. Common Positioning Procedures for CS Domain' which involve the SMLC and the MS. Finally, the BSC sends a '3. LCS Service Response' back to the LCS Client. + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant LCS Client + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + Note right of BSC: 2. Common Positioning Procedures for CS Domain + LCS Client->>BSC: 1. LCS Service Request + BSC->>SMLC: + SMLC->>MS: + MS-->>SMLC: + SMLC-->>BSC: + BSC->>LCS Client: 3. LCS Service Response +``` + +Functional LCS Architecture in GERAN diagram + +Figure 1: Functional LCS Architecture in GERAN + +## 5.1 LCS Operations + +The schematic functional description of LCS operations is defined in figure 2. + +Upon request from the LCS entities or for internal operations, the GERAN LCS functional entities will: + +- request measurements, typically from the MS and/or one or more BTS radio apparatus; +- send the measurement results to the appropriate calculating function within GERAN; +- receive the result from the calculating function within GERAN; +- send the results to the LCS entities in the core network or to application entities within GERAN. + +In the event that the client is internal to GERAN the request may be made directly to the GERAN LCS entities as the internal clients are considered to be "pre-authorised". + +As part of its operation, the GERAN LCS calculating function may require additional information. This may be obtained by the function directly by communication with a database, or it may be through a request to GERAN LCS entities that will mediate the request and return of information from the appropriate database (or databases if more than one is needed to fulfil the requests). + +There may possibly also be available independent information that is able to supply the location information directly, or may be able to supply auxiliary information to the calculation function. The GERAN LCS co-ordination function, as part of its activity to supervise the location process, may query the MS or other elements of the GERAN to determine their capabilities and use this information to select the mode of operation. + +This general operation is outlined in the following (generic) sequence diagram Figure 2. This figure is not intended to show the complete LCS operation for GERAN, but to simply to outline the basis for operation. Location measurements may continually be taken in the background. + +![Sequence diagram for LCS operation showing interactions between SGSN, BSS, SMLC, and MS.](ddc7460821484f1ae2835c67955c554c_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SGSN + participant BSS + participant SMLC + participant MS + Note right of BSS: 2. Common Positioning Procedure for PS domain + SGSN->>BSS: 1. BSSGP Perform Location Request + BSS-->>SGSN: 3. BSSGP Perform Location Response +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of interactions between four entities: SGSN, BSS, SMLC, and MS. The sequence starts with the SGSN sending a '1. BSSGP Perform Location Request' to the BSS. Simultaneously, a '2. Common Positioning Procedure for PS domain' is initiated, involving the BSS, SMLC, and MS. Finally, the BSS sends a '3. BSSGP Perform Location Response' back to the SGSN. + +Sequence diagram for LCS operation showing interactions between SGSN, BSS, SMLC, and MS. + +Figure 2: General sequence for LCS operation + +## 5.2 High-Level Functions + +Several functional groupings may be defined to describe the LCS. These groupings occur in both the Core Network and the GERAN. The overall LCS functional grouping is described in the system stage 2, 3GPP TS 23.271. Each grouping encompasses a number of functional components and functions. + +The functions within the GERAN are described in more detail in the following clauses of the present document. + +Within GERAN the functional entities may be grouped as follows: + +- the Internal Client group; +- the GERAN System Handling group; +- the Positioning group. + +The LCS functional diagram shown in figure 3 depicts the interaction of the LCS functional entities within the GERAN. The GERAN uses the various LCS components to provide the target MS Location Information to the internal LCS client. + +![Figure 3: GERAN LCS Capability Functional Diagram. A sequence diagram showing interactions between MSC/SGSN, BSC, SMLC, and MS. Step 1: MSC/SGSN sends '1. Location Reporting Control' to BSC. Step 2: BSC, SMLC, and MS are involved in a '2. Positioning Procedure for Iu mode'. Step 3: BSC sends '3. Location Report' back to MSC/SGSN.](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MSC/SGSN + participant BSC + participant SMLC + participant MS + Note right of BSC: 2. Positioning Procedure for Iu mode + MSC/SGSN->>BSC: 1. Location Reporting Control + BSC-->>MSC/SGSN: 3. Location Report +``` + +Figure 3: GERAN LCS Capability Functional Diagram. A sequence diagram showing interactions between MSC/SGSN, BSC, SMLC, and MS. Step 1: MSC/SGSN sends '1. Location Reporting Control' to BSC. Step 2: BSC, SMLC, and MS are involved in a '2. Positioning Procedure for Iu mode'. Step 3: BSC sends '3. Location Report' back to MSC/SGSN. + +**Figure 3: GERAN LCS Capability Functional Diagram** + +### 5.2.1 Co-ordination, Measurement and Calculation Functions + +These GERAN functions (including functions in the System handling and Positioning groups) provide the co-ordination, measurement and calculation functions needed to provide a location estimate. The functions interface with the requesting application and select the appropriate location method and speed of response. The functions co-ordinate the operations of the radio and measurement equipment to transmit the needed signals and to make the needed measurements. The functions may also access databases or other sources of information appropriate for the location method. The functions also provide the calculation functions appropriate for the location method to estimate the MS location and the accuracy of the report. The functions also may record information on the usage of the LCS that may be used for administrative purposes (e.g. forwarded to a billing function in the Core Network). If needed by the location method, the functions will ensure the broadcast of information and gather and update information concerning GERAN operating parameters (e.g. timing of BTS transmissions) needed for LCS operations. + +These entities are mainly concerned with the location method, controlling the radio equipment and performing the calculations to determine the location and thus may be associated with the SMLC in the GERAN. These functions may receive location requests from either the core network or from applications internal to the GERAN. + +These functions communicate with the core network across the A, Gb and Iu interfaces, and with the BTS and LMU and with the MS across the Um interface. + +## 5.3 GERAN LCS Functional Entities + +### 5.3.1 Internal Client Group + +#### 5.3.1.1 Internal GERAN Location Client Function (LCF) + +The Location Client Function (LCF) represents a logical interface between the internal GERAN LCS applications and the LCS BSC Handling entities (e.g. the Location System Control Function (LSCF) in the BSC). + +NOTE: There is not necessarily a requirement for a LCCF (Location Client Control Function) for the GERAN Internal Client as is described for external clients in the system stage 2 specification, 3GPP TS 23.271. + +The GERAN may make use of location information for internal operations such as location assisted handover. In such a case, a LCF representing the internal GERAN LCS application may communicate with the LSCF to request and receive the location information. + +### 5.3.2 GERAN System Handling group + +#### 5.3.2.1 GERAN Location System Control Function (LSCF) + +The GERAN Location System Control Function is responsible for co-ordinating location requests. This function manages call-related and non-call-related location requests and allocates network resources for handling them. This function "insulates" the Location clients in the Core Network from the detailed operation of the location method in order that the GERAN may be used by several types of core network and with several location methods. + +The LSCF provides flow control between simultaneous location requests. Simultaneous location requests must be queued in a controlled manner to account for priority requests (e.g. for Emergency Clients). The details of the flow control, priority selection and queuing are beyond the scope of the present document. + +The LSCF will select the appropriate location method based on the availability of resources and parameters of the location request. The LSCF coordinates resources and activities needed to obtain data (e.g. base station geographic coordinates) needed for the location method. It also records LCS usage data for the location service request that may be passed to a Location System Recording Function (LSRF) or O&M function in the Core Network. + +#### 5.3.2.2 GERAN Location System Operations Function (LSOF) + +The Location System Operations Function (LSOF) is responsible for provisioning of data, location capabilities, data related to clients and subscription (LCS client data and MS data), fault management and performance management of LCS within the BSC. + +An LSOF may be associated with each entity. The LSOF interacts with Internal (O&M) Clients for administration and maintenance of the data. + +#### 5.3.2.3 Location System Broadcast Function (LSBcF) + +The Location System Broadcast Function (LSBcF) provides broadcast capability. The LSBcF capability is only used when broadcast data is required for E-OTD or A-GNSS positioning methods. Broadcast information (such as the geographic coordinates of the base stations) may be required, for example, to support a Position Calculation Function (PCF) located in the mobile station. These broadcasts may also include other information (such as currently observable satellites) that may assist a MS in the use of external location services. + +The information to be broadcast is selected based on the location techniques offered for use by the LCS and the needs of the MS. This broadcast information may be specially coded (i.e. encrypted) to ensure its availability only to subscribers of the service. The use of broadcasts or other methods for signalling to the MS may be selected based on the chosen location method. + +The information to be broadcast includes for example: + +##### 1. E-OTD Assistance: + +- Reference Time; +- Neighbour Channel Time Slot Scheme; + +- Information about sectorised neighbour channels; +- Neighbour channel 51 Multiframe Offset values; +- Neighbour channel BCC values; +- RTD Drift Factor values (ciphered if active); +- Neighbour channel RTD values (ciphered if active); +- Serving cell and neighbour cell location information (ciphered if active). + +##### **2. A-GNSS Assistance Data:** + +- Broadcasted assistance data may be the same as in A-GNSS point-to-point signalling. + +### **5.3.3 Positioning group** + +#### **5.3.3.1 GERAN Position Radio Co-ordination Function (PRCF)** + +The GERAN Position Radio Control Function manages a location request for a MS through overall co-ordination and scheduling of resources to perform location measurements. This function interfaces with the PSMF, the PRRM and the PCF. The PRCF determines the location method to be used based on the location request, the QoS, the capabilities of the GERAN, and the MS's capabilities. The PRCF also manages the needed radio resources through the PRRM. It determines which PSMFs are to be involved, what to measure, and obtains processed signal measurements from the PSMF. + +Some location methods may involve measurements made at the MS. In this case the PRCF interfaces with the MS to obtain the measurements (or the location results if they have been determined by the MS). Some location methods may involve measurements or information from several sources, including radio units at several BTSs and involve a series of transmissions and receptions. The PRCF entity also provides ancillary measurements in case of network-assisted location method. Ancillary information may be extracted from navigating systems like GNSS. + +The PRCF forwards the signal measurement data to the PCF. + +It is the function of the PRCF to co-ordinate the sequence of activities and compensate for failures (if they occur) to provide the location estimate. + +#### **5.3.3.2 GERAN Position Calculation Function (PCF)** + +The GERAN Position Calculation Function is responsible for calculating the location of the MS. This function applies an algorithmic computation on the collected signal measurements to compute the final location estimate and accuracy. + +The PCF would also be responsible for calculating the speed and bearing of the MS when reported. This function applies an algorithmic computation on the collected signal measurements to compute the final velocity estimate and uncertainty. + +It may obtain related data (e.g.: base station geographic coordinates) needed for the calculation. There may be more than one calculating function available within, or associated with, the calculation function of the GERAN. + +The Position Calculation Function is also responsible for estimating the accuracy of the location estimate. + +#### **5.3.3.3 GERAN Position Signal Measurement Function (PSMF)** + +The GERAN Position Signal Measurement Function (PSMF) is responsible for performing and gathering uplink or downlink radio signal measurements for use in the calculation of a MS's location and velocity. These measurements can be location related or ancillary. + +There may be one or more PSMF within a GERAN and they may be located at the MS or a Location Measurement Unit (LMU). The PSMF, generally, may provide measurement of signals (i.e. satellite signals) in addition to measurements of the GERAN radio transmissions. The measurements to be made will depend on the selected location method. + +#### 5.3.3.4 GERAN Position Radio Resource Management (PRRM) + +The GERAN Position Radio Resource Management entity is responsible for managing the effect of LCS operations on the overall performance of the radio network. This may ensure, for example, that the operation of the PSMF does not degrade the QoS of other calls. + +## 5.4 Assignment of LCS Functional Entities to GERAN Elements + +The following Table 1 shows the generic configuration for different location methods, including network-based, mobile-based, mobile-assisted and network-assisted methods. With this approach both the network and the mobiles are able to measure the timing of signals and compute the mobile's location and velocity estimate. Depending on the applied location method it is possible to utilise the corresponding configuration containing all needed entities. For instance, if a network-based location method is applied, the entities that are involved in measuring the mobile's signal and calculating its location estimate are allocated to the network elements of the access network. On the other hand, in case mobile-based or network-assisted methods are used these entities should be allocated to the mobile station. + +**Table 1: Example Allocation of LCS Functional Entities to Network Elements** + +| | MS | LMU | SMLC | BSC | +|-------|----|-----|------|-----| +| LCF | X | | | X | +| LSBcF | | | X | | +| LSCF | | | | X | +| PRCF | | | X | | +| PCF | X | | X | | +| PRRM | | | | X | +| PSMF | X | X | | | +| LSOF | | X | X | X | + +## 5.5 Functional Description of GERAN LCS Network Elements + +### 5.5.1 BSC + +The BSC receives authenticated requests for LCS information from the CN across A, Gb and Iu interfaces and passes these to the SMLC. + +### 5.5.2 SMLC + +The SMLC is either a separate network element of GERAN or integrated functionality in BSC that contains functionality required to support LCS. The SMLC manages the overall co-ordination and scheduling of resources required for the location of a mobile. It also calculates the final location and velocity estimate and estimates the achieved accuracy. The SMLC may control a number of LMUs for the purpose of obtaining radio interface measurements to locate or help locate MS subscribers in the area that it serves. The SMLC is administered with the capabilities and types of measurement produced by each of its LMUs. + +### 5.5.3 CBC + +For Location Services, when a Cell Broadcast Center (CBC) is associated with a BSC, the SMLC may interface to a CBC in order to broadcast assistance data using existing cell broadcast capabilities. The SMLC shall behave as a user, Cell Broadcast Entity, to the CBC (refer to 3GPP TS 23.041). + +### 5.5.4 LMU + +The LCS Measurement Unit (LMU) entity makes measurements (e.g. of radio signals) and communicates these measurements to the SMLC (e.g. the PRCF). The LMU contains a PSMF and may also perform calculations associated with the measurements. The LMU may make its measurements in response to requests (e.g. from the SMLC), or it may autonomously measure and report regularly (e.g. timing of BTS transmissions) or when there are significant changes in radio conditions (e.g. changes in the RTD). There may be one or more LMUs associated with the SMLC and an LCS request may involve measurements by one or more LMUs. LMU functionality may be integrated in a BTS. + +An LMU makes radio measurements to support one or more positioning methods; these assistance measurements are specific to all MSs in a certain geographic area. All location and assistance measurements obtained by an LMU are supplied to the SMLC associated with the LMU. Instructions concerning the timing, the nature, and any periodicity of these measurements are either provided by the SMLC or are pre-administered in the LMU. + +The following assistance measurement obtained by an LMU has a generic status usable by more than one position method: + +- Radio Interface Timing measurements – comprise Absolute Time Differences (ATDs) or Real Time Differences (RTDs) of the signals transmitted by Base Stations, where timing differences are measured relative to either some absolute time difference (ATD) or the signals of another Base Station (RTD). + +### 5.5.5 MS + +The MS interacts with the measurement co-ordination functions to make measurements of downlink signals. The measurements to be made will be determined by the chosen location method. + +The MS may also contain LCS applications, or access an LCS application through communication with a network accessed by the MS or an application residing in the MS and/or satellite signals. The MS may include the needed measurement and calculation functions to determine the MS's location with or without assistance of the GERAN LCS entities. + +# 6 Signalling Protocols and Interfaces + +## 6.1 Protocol layering in A/Gb mode + +### 6.1.1 Generic Signalling Model + +Figure 4 shows the generic signalling model applicable to LCS for signalling interaction in which an SMLC forms at least one of the signalling end points. + +![Figure 4: Generic Model for LCS Signalling to an SMLC. The diagram shows three entities: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The interaction consists of three steps: 1. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request (from BSC to SMLC), 2. Messages for individual positioning methods (between BSC and MS), and 3. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response (from BSC to SMLC).](7b8b192e2853ef28d28eff0241ebe86b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + Note right of BSC: 1. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request + BSC->>SMLC: + Note right of BSC: 2. Messages for individual positioning methods + BSC->>MS: + MS-->>BSC: + Note right of BSC: 3. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response + BSC->>SMLC: + +``` + +Figure 4: Generic Model for LCS Signalling to an SMLC. The diagram shows three entities: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The interaction consists of three steps: 1. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request (from BSC to SMLC), 2. Messages for individual positioning methods (between BSC and MS), and 3. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response (from BSC to SMLC). + +**Figure 4: Generic Model for LCS Signalling to an SMLC** + +The functions performed by each protocol layer are as follows: + +- LCS application protocol – this depends on the other signalling end point (e.g. whether a target MS or LMU) and may be absent if supported in the BSSAP-LE layer. The application protocol supports specific LCS functions (e.g. positioning measurements, assistance measurements) and is independent of lower protocol layers. +- BSSAP-LE – this is an extension of BSSAP and carries the LCS application protocol signaling units. Necessary functions include identification of the LCS application protocol and identification, where not provided by the network layer, of the two end points. This layer can be relayed by an intermediate entity or mapped into an + +equivalent layer 3 protocol used by the other signaling end point. This layer supports segmentation of LCS application layer protocols. + +- c) Network Layer – provides signaling transport between the SMLC and either the other end point or some intermediate entity at which the BSSAP-LE layer is relayed or mapped. The network layer may support connection oriented or connectionless signaling. For second generation circuit oriented applications, the network layer is provided using either MTP or M3UA/SCTP and SCCP. This layer supports segmentation of LCS application layer protocols. +- d) Physical Layer – When MTP is used as transport protocol, SS7 signaling links are supported by the physical layer. It is recommended that when IP transport (via M3UA/SCTP) is used, the data link layer is implemented using Ethernet. A node using IP transport having interfaces connected via low bandwidth PPP links like E1/T1 shall also support IP Header Compression [37] and the PPP extensions ML/MC-PPP [38], [39]. In this case, the negotiation of header compression [37] over PPP shall be performed according to [40]. +- e) L3 – a protocol layer compatible with or the same as BSSAP-LE. +- f) L2 – logical link layer for the other endpoint +- g) L1 – physical layer for the other end point. + +### 6.1.2 Message Segmentation in A/Gb mode + +Message segmentation is needed to transport any large LCS message that exceeds the message size limitation supported by any GSM interface over which transport is needed. + +#### 6.1.2.1 Network Level Segmentation + +Segmentation and reassembly of large SMLCPP messages at the network (e.g. SCCP) level may be supported. For message transfer over any interface where network level segmentation is not supported, segmentation at the application level shall be used. This may require support of both network and intermediate level segmentation by certain intermediate entities. + +#### 6.1.2.2 Intermediate Level Segmentation + +The segmentation of SMLCPP 3GPP TS 48.031[19], messages is supported by segmentation mechanisms defined in 3GPP TS 48.008 [18], and 3GPP TS 49.031[22]. The sending, receiving and all intermediate entities supporting segmentation shall ensure reliable and sequenced delivery of the message segments by appropriate use of the capabilities supported by lower transport and network level protocols. + +For support of legacy (Rel4 and older) MS and GERAN, there are segmentation mechanisms defined in the RR layer (3GPP TS 44.018 [14]) and BSSAP-LE layer (3GPP TS 49.031 [22]) for segmentation of RRLP (3GPP TS 44.031) messages, which need to be supported by the MS, BSS, and SMLC in the uplink direction in the CS domain and by the MS and BSS for the downlink direction in the CS domain. + +#### 6.1.2.3 RRLP Pseudo-Segmentation + +The use of several RRLP messages to deliver a large amount of information is called "RRLP pseudo-segmentation". If more information than what fits in the RRLP maximum PDU size needs to be delivered, the RRLP pseudo-segmentation shall be used. (For Rel 4 or older MS and GERAN, may also use intermediate level segmentation). + +### 6.1.3 Signalling between an SMLC, MSC and BSC + +An SMLC can either be separate logical entity or integrated functionality in the BSC. If the SMLC is a separate logical entity, the LCS signalling between SMLC and MSC is accomplished through the A and Lb interfaces. If the SMLC is + +integrated, the LCS signalling is accomplished through the A interface only. Figure 5 shows the protocol layers used to support LCS signaling between the SMLC, MSC and BSC. + +![Sequence diagram showing signaling between SMLC, BSS, and MS. Step 1: BSS sends 'BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request' to SMLC. Step 2: A box labeled 'Messages for individual positioning methods' spans across all three entities. Step 3: SMLC sends 'BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response' to BSS.](523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSS + participant MS + BSS->>SMLC: 1. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request + Note over SMLC, MS: 2. Messages for individual positioning methods + SMLC->>BSS: 3. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signaling between SMLC, BSS, and MS. Step 1: BSS sends 'BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request' to SMLC. Step 2: A box labeled 'Messages for individual positioning methods' spans across all three entities. Step 3: SMLC sends 'BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response' to BSS. + +Figure 5: Signalling Protocols between SMLC, MSC and BSC + +#### 6.1.3a Signalling between an SMLC, SGSN and BSS + +An SMLC can either be separate logical entity or integrated functionality in the BSS. If the SMLC is a separate logical entity, the LCS signalling between SMLC and SGSN is accomplished through the Gb and Lb interfaces. If the SMLC is integrated, the LCS signalling is accomplished through the Gb interface only. Figure 5a shows the protocol layers used to support LCS signaling between the SMLC, SGSN and BSS. Notice that the Network Service layer may be based on frame relay or IP (see 3GPP TS 48.016 [24]). + +![Sequence diagram showing signaling between SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS. Step 1: MS sends 'Cell Update/RA Update' to SGSN. Step 2: SGSN sends 'BSSGP FLUSH-LL' to BSS. Step 3: BSS sends 'BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK' to SGSN. Step 4: BSS sends 'BSSAP-LE Perform Location Information' to SMLC.](1a85642ed2356d183ce598f2c8b3ee8b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSS + participant SGSN + participant MS + MS->>SGSN: 1. Cell Update/RA Update + SGSN->>BSS: 2. BSSGP FLUSH-LL + BSS->>SGSN: 3. BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK + BSS->>SMLC: 4. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Information + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signaling between SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS. Step 1: MS sends 'Cell Update/RA Update' to SGSN. Step 2: SGSN sends 'BSSGP FLUSH-LL' to BSS. Step 3: BSS sends 'BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK' to SGSN. Step 4: BSS sends 'BSSAP-LE Perform Location Information' to SMLC. + +Figure 5a: Signalling Protocols between SMLC, SGSN and BSS + +### 6.1.4 Signaling between SMLC and MS + +SMLC Signalling to a target MS is accomplished through the Um interface. Figure 6 shows the protocol layers used to support signaling between an SMLC and target MS in the CS domain. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling between SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS in the CS domain.](79e1709a7317ead45379cbb8ff3ba802_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSS + participant SGSN + participant MS + Note over MS,SGSN: 1. Cell Update/RA Update + MS->>SGSN: Cell Update/RA Update + Note over SGSN,BSS: 2. BSSGP FLUSH-LL + SGSN->>BSS: BSSGP FLUSH-LL + Note over BSS,SGSN: 3. BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK + BSS->>SGSN: BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK + Note over BSS,SMLC: 4. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort + BSS->>SMLC: BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort + +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of four messages between four entities: SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS. The sequence starts with the MS sending a 'Cell Update/RA Update' message to the SGSN (labeled 1.). The SGSN then sends a 'BSSGP FLUSH-LL' message to the BSS (labeled 2.). The BSS responds with a 'BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK' message to the SGSN (labeled 3.). Finally, the BSS sends a 'BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort' message to the SMLC (labeled 4.). + +Sequence diagram showing signalling between SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS in the CS domain. + +**Figure 6: Signalling between an SMLC and Target MS in CS domain** + +Figure 6a shows the protocol layers used to support signaling between an SMLC and target MS in the PS domain. The signalling is routed through the core network to utilize standard GPRS functions. BSSGP is specified in 3GPP TS 48.018 [25] and RLC/MAC is specified in 3GPP TS 44.060 [28]. The TOM and LLC protocols are specified in 3GPP TS 44.064 [26]. The TOM Protocol Header for RRLP is specified in 44.031 [15]. For an overview of GPRS, see 3GPP TS 23.060 [27]. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling between SMLC, BSC, and MS in the PS domain.](4cc7cdce3d498d8b0ba033a9be24ade5_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + Note over SMLC,BSC: 1. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request) + SMLC->>BSC: BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request) + Note over BSC,SMLC: 2. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response or Reset) + BSC->>SMLC: BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response or Reset) + +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of two messages between two entities: SMLC and BSC. The sequence starts with the SMLC sending a 'BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request)' message to the BSC (labeled 1.). The BSC responds with a 'BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response or Reset)' message to the SMLC (labeled 2.). The MS entity is shown but does not participate in the signalling shown in this diagram. + +Sequence diagram showing signalling between SMLC, BSC, and MS in the PS domain. + +NOTE\*: The network layer for the Gb interface may be based on IP or frame relay. + +**Figure 6a: Signalling between an SMLC and Target MS in PS domain** + +### 6.1.5 SMLC Signalling to a Type A LMU + +Notice that the signalling to a Type A LMU is using CS signalling over the Um interface. A Type A LMU can be used to support positioning of mobile stations both in the CS and the PS domain. + +#### 6.1.5.1 Circuit Switched Signalling using an SDCCH + +Figure 7 shows the protocol layers used to support signaling between an SMLC and a Type A LMU, using an SDCCH on the Um interface. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling between SMLC, SGSN, BSS, and MS using an SDCCH. 1. SMLC sends BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request) to BSS. 2a. BSS sends Packet Paging to MS. 3a. MS sends Any LLC frame to SGSN. Alternatively (or), 2b. BSS sends Packet Polling Req. to MS and 3b. MS sends Packet Control Ack. to BSS. 4. BSS sends BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response) to SMLC.](e180f2b5fcbe8001554a7c0677cd3f82_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant SGSN + participant BSS + participant MS + SMLC->>BSS: 1. BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request) + BSS->>MS: 2a. Packet Paging + MS-->>SGSN: 3a. Any LLC frame + Note over BSS, MS: or + BSS->>MS: 2b. Packet Polling Req. + MS-->>BSS: 3b. Packet Control Ack. + BSS->>SMLC: 4. BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response) + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling between SMLC, SGSN, BSS, and MS using an SDCCH. 1. SMLC sends BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request) to BSS. 2a. BSS sends Packet Paging to MS. 3a. MS sends Any LLC frame to SGSN. Alternatively (or), 2b. BSS sends Packet Polling Req. to MS and 3b. MS sends Packet Control Ack. to BSS. 4. BSS sends BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response) to SMLC. + +Figure 7: Signalling between an SMLC and Type A LMU using an SDCCH + +#### 6.1.5.2 Signalling using a TCH + +Figure 8 shows the protocol layers that can be used to support signaling between an SMLC and a Type A LMU using a TCH on the Um interface. The TCH is assumed to support either transparent or non-transparent synchronous data and may be provided in a multislot configuration. The main usage would be for O&M data and SW download – e.g. during offpeak hours. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling between SMLC, BSC, and MS using a TCH. 1. SMLC sends Positioning Capability Transfer to BSC. 2. SMLC sends Assistance Data Delivery to BSC. 3. SMLC sends RRLP Measure Position Request to BSC. 4. BSC sends RRLP Measure Position Request to MS. 5. MS sends RRLP Measure Position Response to BSC. 6. BSC sends RRLP Measure Position Response to SMLC.](90ddf538ef276510e2b631f7b96654e6_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + rect rgb(255, 255, 255) + Note over SMLC, BSC: 1. Positioning Capability Transfer + SMLC-->>BSC: + end + rect rgb(255, 255, 255) + Note over SMLC, BSC: 2. Assistance Data Delivery + SMLC-->>BSC: + end + SMLC->>BSC: 3. RRLP Measure Position Request + BSC->>MS: 4. RRLP Measure Position Request + MS-->>BSC: 5. RRLP Measure Position Response + BSC->>SMLC: 6. RRLP Measure Position Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling between SMLC, BSC, and MS using a TCH. 1. SMLC sends Positioning Capability Transfer to BSC. 2. SMLC sends Assistance Data Delivery to BSC. 3. SMLC sends RRLP Measure Position Request to BSC. 4. BSC sends RRLP Measure Position Request to MS. 5. MS sends RRLP Measure Position Response to BSC. 6. BSC sends RRLP Measure Position Response to SMLC. + +Figure 8: Signalling between an SMLC and a Type A LMU using a TCH + +### 6.1.6 SMLC signalling to a Type B LMU + +The protocol layers employed to enable signaling between the SMLC and a Type B LMU are shown in figure 9. Notice that the signalling to a Type B LMU can be used to support positioning of mobile stations both in the CS and the PS domain. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling between an SMLC and Type B LMU (MS).](eb03559a4d92ea9ebd63ea9be663c50a_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + Note left of SMLC: Error! No text of specified style in + SMLC->>BSC: 1. RRLP Assistance Data + BSC->>MS: 2. RRLP Assistance Data + MS-->>BSC: 3. RRLP Assistance Data Ack. + BSC-->>SMLC: 4. RRLP Assistance Data Ack. +``` + +A sequence diagram illustrating the interaction between an SMLC, a BSC, and an MS. The SMLC sends a '1. RRLP Assistance Data' message to the BSC. The BSC then forwards it as '2. RRLP Assistance Data' to the MS. The MS responds with '3. RRLP Assistance Data Ack.' to the BSC, which in turn sends '4. RRLP Assistance Data Ack.' back to the SMLC. + +Sequence diagram showing signalling between an SMLC and Type B LMU (MS). + +**Figure 9: Signalling between an SMLC and Type B LMU** + +NOTE\*: Abis interface is beyond the scope of the present document. + +### 6.1.7 SMLC Signalling to a peer SMLC + +The protocol layers used for SMLC to SMLC signalling are shown in figure 10, where it is assumed that both SMLCs have connections to an intermediary signalling network (or there is a direct link between the SMLCs). + +![Sequence diagram showing SMLC to SMLC signalling via an intermediary signalling network (BSC).](6f31cdb576d2f15c35c3f266e5f59211_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + Note left of SMLC: Error! No text of specified style in + SMLC->>BSC: 1. RRLP Position Capability Request + BSC->>MS: 2. RRLP Position Capability Request + MS-->>BSC: 3. RRLP Position Capability Response + BSC-->>SMLC: 4. RRLP Position Capability Response +``` + +A sequence diagram illustrating SMLC to SMLC signalling via an intermediary signalling network (BSC). The SMLC sends a '1. RRLP Position Capability Request' to the BSC. The BSC then forwards it as '2. RRLP Position Capability Request' to the MS. The MS responds with '3. RRLP Position Capability Response' to the BSC, which in turn sends '4. RRLP Position Capability Response' back to the SMLC. + +Sequence diagram showing SMLC to SMLC signalling via an intermediary signalling network (BSC). + +**Figure 10: SMLC to SMLC Signalling via an intermediary signalling network** + +In the absence of either a direct link or links to an intermediary signalling network, signalling can go via attached BSCs and MSCs as shown in figure 11 for signalling between the SMLCs sharing the same MSC. + +![Sequence diagram showing SMLC to SMLC Signalling via associated BSCs and MS. The diagram illustrates the interaction between SMLC, BSC, and MS for RRLP requests and handovers.](ae53f90bb87d6d09e2d6b5278d7c338f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + + Note left of SMLC: Intra-BSC Handover Initiated, T3103 started + SMLC->>BSC: 1. RRLP Request + BSC-->>SMLC: 2. Reject or Reset or Abort (Case 1) + Note right of BSC: OR + BSC->>MS: 2'. RRLP Request + BSC->>MS: 3. HO Command + MS-->>BSC: 4. HO Complete + Note right of BSC: Handover attempt completed + Note right of BSC: OR + BSC-->>SMLC: 5. Reset (Case 2) + Note right of BSC: OR + BSC-->>SMLC: 5. Reset or Abort (Case 3) + Note right of BSC: OR + Note right of BSC: T3103 Expired, HO complete not received + BSC-->>SMLC: 5. Abort (Case 4) + Note right of BSC: OR + Note right of BSC: Inter-BSC handover required or BSC timeout on an RRLP response from the MS + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing SMLC to SMLC Signalling via associated BSCs and MS. The diagram illustrates the interaction between SMLC, BSC, and MS for RRLP requests and handovers. + +Figure 11: SMLC to SMLC Signalling via associated BSCs and MSC + +## 6.2 Protocol layering in Iu mode + +### 6.2.1 Signalling between SMLC and MSC/SGSN + +A SMLC can either be a separate logical entity or integrated functionality in the BSC. If the SMLC is a separate logical entity, the LCS signalling between SMLC and MSC/SGSN is accomplished through the Iu and Lb interfaces. If the SMLC is integrated, the LCS signalling is accomplished through the Iu interface only. Figure 11a shows the protocol layers used to support LCS signaling between the SMLC, BSC and MSC/SGSN. + +![Sequence diagram showing Signalling Protocols between SMLC, BSS and MSC/SGSN. The diagram illustrates the interaction between SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS for RRLP requests and responses.](19a5f0db57a21a0e82a7f326083e96fd_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSS + participant SGSN + participant MS + + SMLC->>BSS: 1. RRLP Request + BSS-->>SMLC: Reject (case 1) + Note right of BSS: Position supervision timer started + BSS->>SGSN: 2. RRLP Request + SGSN->>MS: 3. RRLP Request + MS-->>SGSN: RRLP Response + SGSN-->>BSS: RRLP Response + BSS-->>SMLC: RRLP Response + Note right of BSS: Position supervision timer expired + BSS-->>SMLC: Abort (case 2) + BSS-->>SMLC: Abort (case 3) + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing Signalling Protocols between SMLC, BSS and MSC/SGSN. The diagram illustrates the interaction between SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS for RRLP requests and responses. + +NOTE: \* Iu protocol stack is inherited from UMTS specifications [29-32]. See GERAN Stage 2 specification [11] for additional transport layer options. + +Figure 11a: Signalling Protocols between SMLC, BSC and MSC/SGSN + +### 6.2.2 Signalling between SMLC and MS + +SMLC Signalling to a target MS is accomplished through the Um interface. Figure 11b shows the protocol layers used to support signaling between an SMLC and target MS. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling between SMLC and Target MS. The diagram illustrates four steps: 1. LCS Broadcast Data(data & parameters) from SMLC to CBC; 2. SMSCB messages between CBC – BSC – BTS described in 3GPP TS 23.041; 3. LCS Broadcast Data Response from CBC to SMLC; 4. LCS Broadcast Data(data) message from BTS to MS described in 3GPP TS 23.041.](a0739aaf13fa5a632d4faa830f6b2708_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CBC + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant BTS + participant MS + Note left of CBC: 1. LCS Broadcast Data(data & parameters) + SMLC->>CBC: + Note right of BTS: 2. SMSCB messages between CBC – BSC – BTS described in 3GPP TS 23.041 + CBC->>SMLC: 3. LCS Broadcast Data Response + Note right of MS: 4. LCS Broadcast Data(data) message from BTS to MS described in 3GPP TS 23.041 + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling between SMLC and Target MS. The diagram illustrates four steps: 1. LCS Broadcast Data(data & parameters) from SMLC to CBC; 2. SMSCB messages between CBC – BSC – BTS described in 3GPP TS 23.041; 3. LCS Broadcast Data Response from CBC to SMLC; 4. LCS Broadcast Data(data) message from BTS to MS described in 3GPP TS 23.041. + +Figure 11b: Signalling between an SMLC and Target MS + +### 6.2.3 SMLC signalling to a Type A LMU + +The signalling to a Type A LMU is defined using A/Gb Mode CS signalling over the Um interface, see Clause 6.1.5. A Type A LMU operating in A/Gb Mode CS Domain can be used to support positioning of mobile stations operating in Iu Mode. Signalling to a Type A LMU in Iu Mode is FFS. + +### 6.2.4 SMLC signalling to a Type B LMU + +The signalling to a Type B LMU is defined in Clause 6.1.6. A Type B LMU operates independently of the mode of the MS (A/Gb Mode or Iu Mode) and signalling to a Type B LMU as defined in Clause 6.1.6 can be used to support positioning of mobile stations operating in Iu Mode. + +### 6.2.5 SMLC signalling to a peer SMLC + +The signalling to a peer SMLC is defined in Clause 6.1.7. A peer SMLC connection and signaling is independent of the mode of the MS (A/Gb Mode or Iu Mode) and signalling to a peer SMLC as defined in Clause 6.1.7 can be used to support positioning of mobile stations operating in Iu Mode. + +# 7 GERAN Network Location Procedures + +## 7.1 State description for SMLC + +### 7.1.1 SMLC States + +#### 7.1.1.1 NULL State + +This is a conceptual rather than actual state in which a certain location request from a particular Location Client, VMSC, SGSN or BSC either has not yet been received or has been completed. + +#### 7.1.1.2 LOCATION State + +This state exists after the SMLC has received a location request from a BSC and persists while the SMLC is obtaining position measurements for a particular positioning method until such time as positioning measurements have been received and a location estimate (with optional velocity estimate) has been computed and returned to the BSC. + +When sufficient positioning measurement results have been received, the SMLC either evaluates them, if they include an already computed location estimate, or uses them to compute a location estimate. The SMLC then has the option of either reinitiating another positioning attempt, e.g. if the location estimate did not satisfy the required QoS and the requirement on response time permits another position attempt, or returning the location estimate to the BSC. + +### 7.1.2 State Functionality + +#### 7.1.2.1 State Transitions + +![Figure 12: State Transitions in the SMLC. A block diagram showing the ciphering process using DES and XOR operations.](9b686adccf125267a013fa25721231a3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a multi-stage ciphering process for broadcast messages: + +- Stage 1:** Input I1 consists of a 'Ciphering Serial Number (16 bits)' and 'Fill Bits (48 bits)'. This, along with 'Ciphering Key (56 bits)' (K), enters a 'DES' operation. The result is XORed with '1st Mask Bit Stream (64 bits)' (I2) and the '1st 64-bit block of the broadcast message to be ciphered'. The output is the '1st 64-bit ciphered block to the broadcast message'. +- Stage 2:** A second 'DES' operation takes input from the previous stage. Its output is XORed with '2nd Mask Bit Stream (64 bits)' (I3) and the '2nd 64-bit block of the broadcast message to be ciphered'. The final output is the '2nd 64-bit ciphered block to the broadcast message'. +- Feedback:** Dashed lines indicate feedback loops from the ciphered block outputs back to the DES and XOR input stages. + +Figure 12: State Transitions in the SMLC. A block diagram showing the ciphering process using DES and XOR operations. + +Figure 12: State Transitions in the SMLC + +**Moving from NULL to LOCATION state:** After a location request is received from the BSC, the SMLC enters the LOCATION state. It then chooses a positioning method and initiates the appropriate position measurements. + +**Moving from LOCATION to NULL state:** When the SMLC has obtained a location estimate that best meets the requested QoS parameters, it returns this to the BSC and re-enters the NULL state. + +#### 7.1.2.2 LOCATION Timer Function + +The SMLC runs a timer while in the LOCATION state to limit the total amount of time that positioning can be active. This timer should be related to any response time indicated in the location request QoS parameters. If the timer expires before a final location estimate has been produced, the SMLC either returns the best existing location estimate (with optional velocity estimate) to the BSC (e.g. an estimate based on the current cell ID) or returns a failure indication. It then re-enters the NULL state. + +## 7.2 State Description for the BSC + +### 7.2.1 BSC States + +#### 7.2.1.1 IDLE State + +In this state, the BSC location service is inactive for a particular MS. + +#### 7.2.1.2 LOCATION State + +In this state, the BSC is awaiting a response from an SMLC after requesting the location for a particular MS. In this state, a Radio Resource connection to the target MS will be active – allowing the SMLC and MS to exchange positioning related messages for mobile based and mobile assisted position methods. For certain position methods (e.g. network based position methods), the SMLC may invoke substates in the BSC during which other types of association or procedure are supported with the MS (e.g. temporary call establishment, handover). In this state, the BSC may transfer positioning related messages between the SMLC and the target MS and/or between the SMLC and certain LMUs served by the BSC. + +### 7.2.2 State Functionality + +#### 7.2.2.1 State Transitions + +![Figure 13: State Transitions in the BSC. A sequence diagram showing the interaction between three Mobile Stations (MS 1, MS 2, MS 3) and a Base Station Controller (BSC) over time. The diagram is divided into three vertical columns representing different decryption keys: Decryption key A, Decryption key B, and Decryption key C. Each column contains a sequence of 'MS X requests deciphering keys' messages. Arrows point from these messages down to a horizontal timeline at the bottom, which is labeled 'time'. Below the timeline, three brackets indicate the delivery of decryption keys: 'Decryption keys A and are delivered', 'Decryption keys B and are delivered', and 'Decryption keys C and are delivered'.](82b40cb8b2a5ac361973859400fa128a_img.jpg) + +Figure 13: State Transitions in the BSC. A sequence diagram showing the interaction between three Mobile Stations (MS 1, MS 2, MS 3) and a Base Station Controller (BSC) over time. The diagram is divided into three vertical columns representing different decryption keys: Decryption key A, Decryption key B, and Decryption key C. Each column contains a sequence of 'MS X requests deciphering keys' messages. Arrows point from these messages down to a horizontal timeline at the bottom, which is labeled 'time'. Below the timeline, three brackets indicate the delivery of decryption keys: 'Decryption keys A and are delivered', 'Decryption keys B and are delivered', and 'Decryption keys C and are delivered'. + +Figure 13: State Transitions in the BSC + +**Moving from IDLE to LOCATION state:** After a request has been received to locate a particular MS served by the BSC, a location request is sent to the SMLC associated with the serving cell: the BSC then enters the LOCATION state. Before entering this state, a Radio Resource connection to the MS must have been already established by the VMSC. + +**Moving from LOCATION to IDLE state:** After the return of a location estimate result from the SMLC, the BSC shall re-enter IDLE state. + +#### 7.2.2.2 LOCATION Timer Function + +The BSC runs a timer while in the LOCATION state to limit the amount of time waiting for a location response from the SMLC. If the timer expires before such information is received, the BSC indicates a location failure to the original requesting entity and re-enters IDLE state. + +## 7.3 Usage of SCCP Connection on the Lb interface in the CS domain in A/Gb mode + +SCCP connection oriented signalling between an SMLC and a BSC is used to support SMLC signalling to a Type A LMU, a serving BSC, or a target MS. The types of SCCP connections are described below. + +### 7.3.1 SCCP Connection for positioning of a target MS + +The BSC establishes this connection when a request is received for a location estimate for a target MS in the CS domain. The BSC sends the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request to the SMLC inside an SCCP Connection Request message. Signaling between the SMLC and target MS, if required, is then relayed by the BSC between this SCCP connection and the main signaling link to the MS. The same SCCP connection is also used to transfer BSSLAP messages between the SMLC and serving BSC. See Figure 14. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 14: SCCP based signalling for MS positioning with an SMLC in CS domain. The diagram shows two lifelines: SMLC and BSC. Step 1: BSC sends '1.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Request' to SMLC. Step 2: SMLC sends '2.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Response' to BSC. Step 3: BSC initiates power-up procedures (shown in a separate box below the lifelines).](805c475f0859e607af0530ba43194bf1_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + Note right of BSC: 3.) BSC initiates power-up procedures + BSC->>SMLC: 1.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Request + SMLC-->>BSC: 2.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Response +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 14: SCCP based signalling for MS positioning with an SMLC in CS domain. The diagram shows two lifelines: SMLC and BSC. Step 1: BSC sends '1.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Request' to SMLC. Step 2: SMLC sends '2.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Response' to BSC. Step 3: BSC initiates power-up procedures (shown in a separate box below the lifelines). + +Figure 14: SCCP based signalling for MS positioning with an SMLC in CS domain + +### 7.3.2 SCCP connection to access a Type A LMU + +The BSC or SMLC establishes this connection to enable LCS messages to be transferred to or from a Type A LMU. The BSC or SMLC sends a BSSAP-LE LMU Connection Request message inside an SCCP Connection Request message. Signaling is subsequently relayed through the BSC using this SCCP connection as shown in figure 15. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 15: SCCP based signalling to access a Type A LMU with an SMLC. The diagram shows two lifelines: SMLC and BSC. Step 1: SMLC sends '1.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Request' to BSC. Step 2: BSC sends '2.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Response' to SMLC.](68ea9310fb829dd6007635a6cd4ea2ad_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + SMLC->>BSC: 1.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Request + BSC-->>SMLC: 2.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Response +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 15: SCCP based signalling to access a Type A LMU with an SMLC. The diagram shows two lifelines: SMLC and BSC. Step 1: SMLC sends '1.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Request' to BSC. Step 2: BSC sends '2.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Response' to SMLC. + +Figure 15: SCCP based signalling to access a Type A LMU with an SMLC + +## 7.4 Usage of SCCP Connection on the Lb interface in the PS domain in A/Gb mode + +SCCP connection oriented signalling between an SMLC and a BSS is used to support SMLC signalling to a serving BSS or a target MS. The types of SCCP connections are described below. + +### 7.4.1 SCCP Connection for positioning of a target MS + +The BSS establishes this connection when a request is received for a location estimate for a target MS in the PS domain. The BSS sends the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request to the SMLC inside an SCCP Connection Request message. Signaling between the SMLC and target MS is then relayed by the BSS via the SGSN to the MS. The same SCCP connection is also used to transfer BSSLAP messages between the SMLC and serving BSS. See figure 15a below. RRLP Messages between the SMLC and the MS are carried in BSSGP Position Command/Response messages (see 3GPP TS 48.018) across the Gb interface and in TOM messages in LLC UI frames (see 3GPP TS 44.064 [26]) across the Um interface. Because a connectionless mode of communication is used to transport BSSGP and LLC, an MS identity is included in each message for those protocols. + +![Figure 15a: SCCP based signalling for MS positioning with an SMLC in PS domain. The diagram shows four entities: MS, SGSN, BSS, and SMLC. The MS is connected to the SGSN via a 'Connection-less' path using LLC (44.064) and TOM (44.064). The SGSN is connected to the BSS via a 'Connection-less' path using BSSGP (48.018). The BSS is connected to the SMLC via an 'SCCP Connection' using BSSAP-LE (49.031) and BSSLAP (48.071). A long arrow at the bottom represents RRLP (44.031) messages being relayed from the SMLC, through the BSS and SGSN, to the MS.](6ca05954842b17f14dfd52f26b9d43d2_img.jpg) + +Figure 15a: SCCP based signalling for MS positioning with an SMLC in PS domain. The diagram shows four entities: MS, SGSN, BSS, and SMLC. The MS is connected to the SGSN via a 'Connection-less' path using LLC (44.064) and TOM (44.064). The SGSN is connected to the BSS via a 'Connection-less' path using BSSGP (48.018). The BSS is connected to the SMLC via an 'SCCP Connection' using BSSAP-LE (49.031) and BSSLAP (48.071). A long arrow at the bottom represents RRLP (44.031) messages being relayed from the SMLC, through the BSS and SGSN, to the MS. + +Figure 15a: SCCP based signalling for MS positioning with an SMLC in PS domain + +# 8 Common Procedures to Support Positioning + +The procedures described in this clause enable an SMLC to obtain positioning related information or instigate positioning for a particular target MS. The procedures are applicable to all positioning methods after an SMLC receives a BSSAP-LE Perform Location request for a target MS until a BSSAP-LE Perform Location response is returned to the originator. + +## 8.1 Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in the CS Domain in A/Gb mode for E-OTD and A-GNSS positioning methods + +An SMLC uses the procedure shown below in order to obtain the MS position or positioning measurements from a target MS or transfer location assistance information to a target MS in the CS domain after a request has been received from the BSC serving the target MS. More details of the location information transfer procedure between the BSC and MS can be found in 3GPP TS 24.008. + +![Figure 16: Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in CS domain. The diagram shows three entities: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information [BSSLAP MS Command [RRLP message]] from SMLC to BSC; 2. RRApplication Information [RRLP message] from BSC to MS; 3. RR Application Information [RRLP message] from MS to BSC; 4. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information [BSSLAP MS Response [RRLP message]] from BSC to SMLC.](1c29dadab94c3fa552d270434db09c81_img.jpg) + +Figure 16: Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in CS domain. The diagram shows three entities: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information [BSSLAP MS Command [RRLP message]] from SMLC to BSC; 2. RRApplication Information [RRLP message] from BSC to MS; 3. RR Application Information [RRLP message] from MS to BSC; 4. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information [BSSLAP MS Response [RRLP message]] from BSC to SMLC. + +Figure 16: Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in CS domain + +- 1) The SMLC passes a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the serving BSC containing an embedded BSSLAP MS Position Command with an RRLP message parameter. The message is transferred using the SCCP connection established between the SMLC and BSC for positioning the target MS. If the BSSLAP message is too large to fit in a single BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message, RRLP pseudo-segmentation shall be used. Legacy SMLC may utilize BSSAP-LE layer segmentation instead of RRLP pseudo-segmentation. The SMLC shall indicate in the first BSSLAP MS Position Command whether the embedded RRLP message contains a positioning command versus positioning assistance data. +- 2) The BSC transfers the embedded RRLP message to the target MS inside an RR Application Information message. No later than when the RR Application Information message has been transferred, the BSC shall start a positioning supervision timer if none is already in progress or restart this if already in progress. If the timer expires before the final response in step 3 is received, the BSC shall return a BSSAP-LE Connection oriented Information message to the SMLC containing a BSSLAP Abort with a cause of BSC timeout. +- 3) When the target MS has positioning information to return to the SMLC, it sends an RR Application Information message to the BSC containing an embedded RRLP message. If the RRLP message is too large to fit in a single RR Application Information message, RRLP pseudo-segmentation shall be used. Legacy MS may utilize RR layer segmentation instead of RRLP pseudo-segmentation. The last RR Application Information message shall indicate if this is the final response from the MS. +- 4) If the timer started in step 2 has already expired, the BSC discards the RRLP message received in step 3. Otherwise, the BSC forwards the RRLP message to the SMLC inside a BSSLAP MS Positioning Response message contained in a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message. If the SMLC indicated a positioning command in step 1 and the MS has indicated a final response, the BSC may add additional measurement information to the BSSLAP MS Position Response in the last BSSAP-LE message – if necessary, creating a new BSSAP-LE message if message size limitations would be exceeded. The BSC shall stop the supervision timer started in step 2 when the final segment of the final response from the MS has been transferred. If the MS did not indicate a final response in step 3, the SMLC may transfer a further RRLP message to the MS (e.g. containing assistance data) according to steps 1 and 2 and the MS may return a subsequent response according to steps 3 and 4. + +### 8.1a Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in the PS Domain in A/Gb mode + +An SMLC uses the procedure shown below in order to obtain the MS position or positioning measurements from a target MS or transfer location assistance information to a target MS in the PS domain after a request has been received from the BSS serving the target MS. + +![Sequence diagram showing information transfer between SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS in the PS Domain in A/Gb mode. The sequence consists of six steps: 1. SMLC to BSS: BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Inf. (BSSLAP MS Position Command [RRLP Message]); 2. BSS to SGSN: BSSGP Position Command (RRLP Message); 3. SGSN to MS: LLC UI Frame (TOM Message [RRLP Message]); 4. MS to SGSN: LLC UI Frame (TOM Message [RRLP Message]); 5. SGSN to BSS: BSSGP Position Response (RRLP Message); 6. BSS to SMLC: BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Inf. (BSSLAP MS Position Response [RRLP Message]).](6470d350326789d5306eabcb76533951_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSS + participant SGSN + participant MS + Note left of SMLC: 1. SMLC to BSS: BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Inf. (BSSLAP MS Position Command [RRLP Message]) + SMLC->>BSS: BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Inf. (BSSLAP MS Position Command [RRLP Message]) + Note right of BSS: 2. BSS to SGSN: BSSGP Position Command (RRLP Message) + BSS->>SGSN: BSSGP Position Command (RRLP Message) + Note right of SGSN: 3. SGSN to MS: LLC UI Frame (TOM Message [RRLP Message]) + SGSN->>MS: LLC UI Frame (TOM Message [RRLP Message]) + Note right of MS: 4. MS to SGSN: LLC UI Frame (TOM Message [RRLP Message]) + MS->>SGSN: LLC UI Frame (TOM Message [RRLP Message]) + Note right of SGSN: 5. SGSN to BSS: BSSGP Position Response (RRLP Message) + SGSN->>BSS: BSSGP Position Response (RRLP Message) + Note right of BSS: 6. BSS to SMLC: BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Inf. (BSSLAP MS Position Response [RRLP Message]) + BSS->>SMLC: BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Inf. (BSSLAP MS Position Response [RRLP Message]) + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information transfer between SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS in the PS Domain in A/Gb mode. The sequence consists of six steps: 1. SMLC to BSS: BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Inf. (BSSLAP MS Position Command [RRLP Message]); 2. BSS to SGSN: BSSGP Position Command (RRLP Message); 3. SGSN to MS: LLC UI Frame (TOM Message [RRLP Message]); 4. MS to SGSN: LLC UI Frame (TOM Message [RRLP Message]); 5. SGSN to BSS: BSSGP Position Response (RRLP Message); 6. BSS to SMLC: BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Inf. (BSSLAP MS Position Response [RRLP Message]). + +**Figure 16a: Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in PS Domain** + +- 1) The SMLC passes a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the serving BSS containing an embedded BSSLAP MS Position Command with an RRLP message parameter. The message is transferred + +using the SCCP connection established between the SMLC and BSS for positioning the target MS. If the RRLP message is larger than the RRLP maximum PDU size, RRLP pseudo-segmentation shall be used. The SMLC shall indicate in the positioning command bit in the RRLP flags IE in the BSSLAP MS Position Command whether the embedded RRLP message contains a positioning command versus a non-command – e.g. positioning assistance data. + +- 2) The BSS relays the embedded RRLP message and the RRLP flags IE to the SGSN inside a BSSGP Position Command message. When the BSSGP Position Command message has been transferred, the BSS shall start a positioning supervision timer if not already in progress or restart if the timer is already in progress. If the timer expires before the final response in step 5 is received, the BSS shall return a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the SMLC containing a BSSLAP Abort with a cause of BSS timeout. +- 3) The SGSN receives the RRLP message in the BSSGP Position Command message and relays it to the MS in an LLC UI frame. The TOM protocol with SAPI TOM8 is used for transfer of RRLP messages. The positioning command bit from the RRLP flags IE in the BSSGP message is also relayed using the C/R bit in the TOM header (see 3GPP TS 44.031 [15]). The received C/R bit may be ignored by the MS or used for implementation purposes. +- 4) When the target MS has positioning information to return to the SMLC, it sends an LLC UI Frame to the SGSN containing an embedded RRLP message. The TOM protocol is used for transfer of RRLP messages. If the RRLP message is larger than the RRLP maximum PDU size, RRLP pseudo-segmentation shall be used. If the RRLP pseudo-segmentation is used, the MS shall send several RRLP messages. In each message the MS shall indicate in the C/R bit in the TOM protocol header whether it is the final response or not. The final response shall be the last RRLP message that the MS expects to send in response to RRLP messages received so far from the SMLC. In the final message the MS shall indicate that it is the final response by setting the appropriate RRLP flag. +- 5) The SGSN relays the RRLP message to the BSS. The RRLP message is sent in a BSSGP Position Response message. The C/R bit from the TOM header is relayed using the final response bit in the RRLP flags IE in the BSSGP message. +- 6) If the timer started in step 2 has already expired, the BSS discards the RRLP message received in step 5. Otherwise, the BSS relays the RRLP message and the RRLP flags IE to the SMLC inside a BSSLAP MS Positioning Response message contained in a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message. If the SMLC indicated a positioning command in the most recent message to be transferred in step 1 and the MS has indicated a final response, the BSS may add additional measurement information to the BSSLAP MS Position Response in the last BSSAP-LE message. The BSS shall stop the supervision timer started in step 2 when the final response from the MS has been transferred. The SMLC may transfer a further RRLP message to the MS (e.g. containing assistance data or a positioning command) according to steps 1, 2, and 3 and the MS may return a subsequent response according to steps 4, 5, and 6. Steps 4-6 are repeated if the RRLP pseudo-segmentation is used for the uplink message. + +### 8.1b Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in Iu Mode + +An SMLC uses the procedure shown below in order to obtain the MS position or positioning measurements from a target MS or transfer location assistance information to a target MS after a request has been received from the BSC serving the target MS. More details of the location information transfer procedure between the BSC and MS can be found in 3GPP TS 44.118. + +![Sequence diagram showing information transfer between SMLC, BSC, and MS. The diagram consists of three vertical lifelines: SMLC, BSC, and MS. 1. SMLC sends a '1. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information [BSSLAP MS Command [RRLP message]]' to BSC. 2. BSC sends a '2. RRC LCS DL Information [RRLP message]' to MS. 3. MS sends a '3. RRC LCS UL Information [RRLP message]' back to BSC. 4. BSC sends a '4. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information [BSSLAP MS Response [RRLP message]]' back to SMLC.](e05b36c0d46549e681ce6581422c66b2_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram showing information transfer between SMLC, BSC, and MS. The diagram consists of three vertical lifelines: SMLC, BSC, and MS. 1. SMLC sends a '1. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information [BSSLAP MS Command [RRLP message]]' to BSC. 2. BSC sends a '2. RRC LCS DL Information [RRLP message]' to MS. 3. MS sends a '3. RRC LCS UL Information [RRLP message]' back to BSC. 4. BSC sends a '4. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information [BSSLAP MS Response [RRLP message]]' back to SMLC. + +**Figure 16b: Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS** + +- 1) The SMLC passes a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the serving BSC containing an embedded BSSLAP MS Position Command with an RRLP message parameter. The message is transferred using the SCCP connection established between the SMLC and BSC for positioning the target MS. If the BSSLAP message is too large to fit in a single BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message, RRLP pseudo-segmentation shall be used. The SMLC shall indicate in the first BSSLAP MS Position Command whether the embedded RRLP message contains a positioning command versus positioning assistance data. +- 2) The BSC transfers the embedded RRLP message to the target MS inside an RRC LCS DL Information message. No later than when the RRC LCS DL Information message has been transferred, the BSC shall start a positioning supervision timer if none is already in progress or restart this if already in progress. If the timer expires before the final response in step 3 is received, the BSC shall return a BSSAP-LE Connection oriented Information message to the SMLC containing a BSSLAP Abort with a cause of BSC timeout. +- 3) When the target MS has positioning information to return to the SMLC, it sends an RRC LCS UL Information message to the BSC containing an embedded RRLP message. If the RRLP message is too large to fit in a single RRC LCS UL Information message, RRLP pseudo-segmentation shall be used. The last RRC LCS UL Information message shall indicate if this is the final response from the MS. +- 4) If the timer started in step 2 has already expired, the BSC discards the RRLP message received in step 3. Otherwise, the BSC forwards the RRLP message to the SMLC inside a BSSLAP MS Positioning Response message contained in a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message. If the SMLC indicated a positioning command in step 1 and the MS has indicated a final response, the BSC may add additional measurement information to the BSSLAP MS Position Response in the last BSSAP-LE message – if necessary, creating a new BSSAP-LE message if message size limitations would be exceeded. The BSC shall stop the supervision timer started in step 2 when the final response from the MS has been transferred. If the MS did not indicate a final response in step 2, the SMLC may transfer a further RRLP message to the MS (e.g. containing assistance data) according to steps 1 and 2 and the MS may return a subsequent response according to steps 3 and 4. + +## 8.2 Information Transfer between an SMLC and a BSC + +An SMLC uses the procedure shown below in order to obtain positioning related information from the BSC serving a particular target MS after a positioning request has been received from the BSC. This procedure applies to positioning of an MS in both the CS and the PS domains. + +![Sequence diagram showing information transfer between SMLC and BSC. The diagram consists of two vertical lifelines: SMLC and BSC. 1. SMLC sends a '1. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information]' to BSC. 2. BSC sends a '2. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information]' back to SMLC.](f0b7abcb093621bb310bf61fbe0f0d2d_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram showing information transfer between SMLC and BSC. The diagram consists of two vertical lifelines: SMLC and BSC. 1. SMLC sends a '1. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information]' to BSC. 2. BSC sends a '2. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information]' back to SMLC. + +**Figure 17: Information Transfer between an SMLC and a BSC** + +- 1) The SMLC passes a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the BSC containing an embedded BSSLAP message. The BSSAP-LE message is transferred using the SCCP connection previously established between the SMLC and BSC when the positioning request for the target MS was initially sent to the SMLC. The BSC recognizes that it is the final destination due to the presence of the embedded BSSLAP message. +- 2) When the BSC has positioning information for the target MS to return to the SMLC, it sends a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the SMLC containing an embedded BSSLAP message. The message is sent using the SCCP connection previously established for positioning the target MS. + +## 8.3 Common Procedures to Support Access to an LMU + +The procedures in this clause support the transfer of positioning related information and O&M data between an SMLC and a particular LMU associated with the SMLC. These procedures apply to positioning of an MS in both the CS and the PS domains. + +### 8.3.1 Location Update Procedure between an SMLC and a Type A LMU + +The following procedure supports a normal location update from the perspective of a Type A LMU. The location update can occur periodically, on power up, following recovery from some failure condition and when an LMU in idle mode detects that its closest BTS is in another location area. + +![Sequence diagram showing the Location Update Procedure between an SMLC, BSC, and LMU. The sequence consists of five steps: 1. DTAP Location Updating Request from LMU to BSC; 2. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [Location Updating Request]] from BSC to SMLC; 3. Normal GSM Authentication, Ciphering from SMLC to LMU; 4. DTAP Location Updating Accept from SMLC to BSC; 5. DTAP Location Updating Accept from BSC to LMU.](1b893df61c2b73b7a85e65fc1f58e203_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant LMU + participant BSC + participant SMLC + Note left of LMU: Location Update Procedure + LMU->>BSC: 1. DTAP Location Updating Request + BSC->>SMLC: 2. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [Location Updating Request]] + SMLC->>LMU: 3. Normal GSM Authentication, Ciphering + SMLC->>BSC: 4. DTAP Location Updating Accept + BSC->>LMU: 5. DTAP Location Updating Accept + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the Location Update Procedure between an SMLC, BSC, and LMU. The sequence consists of five steps: 1. DTAP Location Updating Request from LMU to BSC; 2. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [Location Updating Request]] from BSC to SMLC; 3. Normal GSM Authentication, Ciphering from SMLC to LMU; 4. DTAP Location Updating Accept from SMLC to BSC; 5. DTAP Location Updating Accept from BSC to LMU. + +**Figure 18: Location Update Procedure between an SMLC and a Type A LMU** + +- 1) If the LMU does not currently have a signaling link, it sends an RR Channel Request to the serving BTS to request a SDCCH. The RR Channel Request contains an establishment cause identifying an LMU. After assignment of the SDCCH, the LMU sends a DTAP Location Updating request to the BSC. This shall indicate that a follow on request is pending if the LMU has more data to send. +- 2) Because the BSC serving the LMU is associated with an SMLC and the Channel Request message contained an LMU establishment cause, the BSC forwards the Location Updating request to the SMLC rather than MSC. If there was previously no SDCCH, this is sent inside a BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information message that is contained in an SCCP Connection Request. +- 3) The SMLC performs normal authentication and ciphering if needed for the LMU. The SMLC shall not assign a TMSI to the LMU to avoid duplicating a TMSI assigned to a normal MS by a VLR. +- 4) The SMLC returns a DTAP Location Updating Accept to the BSC. Unless the LMU indicated a follow on request, the SMLC may then initiate release of the SDCCH. +- 5) The BSC forwards the DTAP message to the LMU. + +### 8.3.2 IMSI Detach Procedure between an SMLC and a Type A LMU + +The following procedure supports a normal IMSI Detach from the perspective of a Type A LMU. This may be instigated if the LMU is to be deactivated – e.g. for offline maintenance. + +![Sequence diagram for IMSI Detach Procedure between an SMLC and a TypeA LMU. The diagram shows three lifelines: SMLC, BSC, and LMU. The sequence of messages is: 1. DTAP IMSI Detach Indication from LMU to BSC; 2. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [IMSI Detach Indication]] from BSC to SMLC.](05eb72d372e4bf78e3d6a64949d77bcc_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant LMU + participant BSC + participant SMLC + Note right of LMU: 1. DTAP IMSI Detach Indication + LMU->>BSC: 1. DTAP IMSI Detach Indication + Note left of BSC: 2. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [IMSI Detach Indication]] + BSC->>SMLC: 2. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [IMSI Detach Indication]] + +``` + +Sequence diagram for IMSI Detach Procedure between an SMLC and a TypeA LMU. The diagram shows three lifelines: SMLC, BSC, and LMU. The sequence of messages is: 1. DTAP IMSI Detach Indication from LMU to BSC; 2. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [IMSI Detach Indication]] from BSC to SMLC. + +**Figure 19: IMSI Detach Procedure between an SMLC and a TypeA LMU** + +- 1) If the LMU does not currently have a signaling link, it sends an RR Channel Request to the serving BTS to request a SDCCH. The RR Channel Request contains an establishment cause identifying an LMU. After assignment of the SDCCH, the LMU sends a DTAP IMSI Detach Indication to the BSC. +- 2) Because the BSC serving the LMU is associated with an SMLC and the Channel Request message contained an LMU establishment cause, the BSC forwards the IMSI Detach Indication to the SMLC rather than MSC. If there was previously no SDCCH, this is sent inside a BSSAP Complete Layer 3 Information message that is contained in an SCCP Connection Request. The SMLC marks the LMU as temporarily inactive and initiates release of the SDCCH. + +### 8.3.3 LCS Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Type A LMU + +#### 8.3.3.1 Information Transfer using an SDCCH + +The following procedure supports information transfer between an SMLC and a Type A LMU. + +![Sequence diagram for Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Type A LMU. The diagram shows three lifelines: SMLC, BSC, and LMU. The sequence of messages is: 1. SCCP UDT [BSSMAP Paging] from SMLC to BSC; 2. RR Paging Request from BSC to LMU; 3. RR Paging Response from LMU to BSC; 4. SCCP CR [Complete Layer 3 Information [RR Paging Response]] from BSC to SMLC; 5. Authentication, Ciphering from SMLC to LMU; 6. SCCP DT1 [DTAP-LE REGISTER, FACILITY or RELEASE COMPLETE] from SMLC to BSC; 7. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP Clear Command] from SMLC to BSC; 8. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP Clear Complete] from BSC to SMLC; 9. RR Channel Release from BSC to LMU; 10. SCCP RLSD from SMLC to BSC; 11. DTAP CM Service Request from LMU to BSC; 12. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [CM Service Request]] from BSC to SMLC; 13. Authentication, Ciphering from SMLC to LMU; 14. SCCP DT1 [DTAP-LE REGISTER, FACILITY or RELEASE COMPLETE] from SMLC to BSC.](1841f348dfa81a3438d4e1f8465d9ac7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant LMU + Note left of SMLC: 1. SCCP UDT [BSSMAP Paging] + SMLC->>BSC: 1. SCCP UDT [BSSMAP Paging] + Note right of BSC: 2. RR Paging Request + BSC->>LMU: 2. RR Paging Request + Note left of BSC: 3. RR Paging Response + LMU->>BSC: 3. RR Paging Response + Note left of SMLC: 4. SCCP CR [Complete Layer 3 Information [RR Paging Response]] + BSC->>SMLC: 4. SCCP CR [Complete Layer 3 Information [RR Paging Response]] + Note left of SMLC: 5. Authentication, Ciphering + SMLC->>LMU: 5. Authentication, Ciphering + Note left of SMLC: 6. SCCP DT1 [DTAP-LE REGISTER, FACILITY or RELEASE COMPLETE] + SMLC->>BSC: 6. SCCP DT1 [DTAP-LE REGISTER, FACILITY or RELEASE COMPLETE] + Note left of SMLC: 7. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP Clear Command] + SMLC->>BSC: 7. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP Clear Command] + Note left of BSC: 8. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP Clear Complete] + BSC->>SMLC: 8. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP Clear Complete] + Note right of BSC: 9. RR Channel Release + BSC->>LMU: 9. RR Channel Release + Note left of SMLC: 10. SCCP RLSD + SMLC->>BSC: 10. SCCP RLSD + Note right of LMU: 11. DTAP CM Service Request + LMU->>BSC: 11. DTAP CM Service Request + Note left of SMLC: 12. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [CM Service Request]] + BSC->>SMLC: 12. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [CM Service Request]] + Note left of SMLC: 13. Authentication, Ciphering + SMLC->>LMU: 13. Authentication, Ciphering + Note left of SMLC: 14. SCCP DT1 [DTAP-LE REGISTER, FACILITY or RELEASE COMPLETE] + SMLC->>BSC: 14. SCCP DT1 [DTAP-LE REGISTER, FACILITY or RELEASE COMPLETE] + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Type A LMU. The diagram shows three lifelines: SMLC, BSC, and LMU. The sequence of messages is: 1. SCCP UDT [BSSMAP Paging] from SMLC to BSC; 2. RR Paging Request from BSC to LMU; 3. RR Paging Response from LMU to BSC; 4. SCCP CR [Complete Layer 3 Information [RR Paging Response]] from BSC to SMLC; 5. Authentication, Ciphering from SMLC to LMU; 6. SCCP DT1 [DTAP-LE REGISTER, FACILITY or RELEASE COMPLETE] from SMLC to BSC; 7. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP Clear Command] from SMLC to BSC; 8. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP Clear Complete] from BSC to SMLC; 9. RR Channel Release from BSC to LMU; 10. SCCP RLSD from SMLC to BSC; 11. DTAP CM Service Request from LMU to BSC; 12. SCCPCR[BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information [CM Service Request]] from BSC to SMLC; 13. Authentication, Ciphering from SMLC to LMU; 14. SCCP DT1 [DTAP-LE REGISTER, FACILITY or RELEASE COMPLETE] from SMLC to BSC. + +**Figure 20: Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Type A LMU** + +- 1) If there is no signaling link yet for an LMU between the SMLC and the BSC serving the LMU, the SMLC sends a BSSAP Paging message to the serving BSC inside an SCCP Unitdata message. +- 2) The serving BSC broadcasts an RR Paging Request. +- 3) The LMU sends a Channel Request message containing an LMU establishment cause to request an SDCCH. After assignment of the SDCCH, the LMU returns an RR Paging Response. +- 4) Because the BSC serving the LMU is associated with an SMLC and the Channel Request message in step 3 contained an LMU establishment cause, the BSC transfers the Paging Response to the SMLC, rather than MSC, in a BSSAP Complete Layer 3 Information message contained in an SCCP Connection Request. +- 5) The SMLC performs normal authentication and ciphering if this is needed for the LMU. The SMLC shall not assign a TMSI to the LMU to avoid duplicating a TMSI assigned to a normal MS by a VLR. +- 6) If the SMLC needs to send data to the LMU, it may send one or more DTAP-LE REGISTER, FACILITY or RELEASE COMPLETE messages to the BSC. Each DTAP-LE message contains an embedded LLP message and an indication of whether release of the SDCCH by the LMU is forbidden. Each DTAP-LE message is transferred by the BSC to the LMU. +- 7) The SMLC may initiate release of the SDCCH to the LMU by sending a BSSAP Clear Command to the BSC. +- 8) The BSC returns a BSSAP Clear Complete. +- 9) The BSC orders release of the SDCCH by sending an RR Channel Release to the LMU. +- 10) The SMLC releases the SCCP connection to the BSC by sending an SCCP Released message. +- 11) When the LMU has LCS data to send and does not currently have a signaling link, it sends an RR Channel Request to the serving BTS to request an SDCCH. The RR Channel Request contains an establishment cause identifying an LMU. After assignment of the SDCCH, the LMU sends a DTAP CM Service request to the serving BSC. +- 12) Because the BSC serving the LMU is associated with an SMLC and the Channel Request message contained an LMU establishment cause, the BSC forwards the CM Service Request with an indication that this came from an LMU to the SMLC, rather than MSC, inside a BSSAP Complete Layer 3 Information message that is contained in an SCCP Connection Request. +- 13) The SMLC performs authentication and ciphering if needed for the LMU. Otherwise, a CM Service Accept is returned. The SMLC shall not assign a TMSI to the LMU to avoid duplicating a TMSI assigned to a normal MS by a VLR. +- 14) The LMU sends one or more DTAP-LE REGISTER, FACILITY or RELEASE COMPLETE messages to the serving BSC each containing an embedded LLP message. The BSC forwards each DTAP-LE message to the SMLC. + +#### 8.3.3.2 Information Transfer using a TCH + +![Sequence diagram showing information transfer between SMLC, BSC, and LMU using a TCH. The diagram consists of 17 numbered messages exchanged between the three entities.](1cac1845cf99a3f64ae00cd2bb4f9ed7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant LMU + Note left of SMLC: 1. Setup Signaling Connection using an SDCCH + SMLC->>LMU: 2. DTAP Setup + LMU-->>SMLC: 3. DTAP Call Confirmed + SMLC->>BSC: 4. Assignment Request + BSC->>LMU: 5. RR Assignment Command + LMU-->>BSC: 6. RR Assignment Complete + BSC-->>SMLC: 7. Assignment Complete + LMU-->>SMLC: 8. DTAP Connect + SMLC->>LMU: 9. DTAP ConnectAck. + SMLC->>LMU: 10. DTAP-LE LCS Connection Oriented Information + SMLC->>LMU: 11. DTAP Disconnect + LMU-->>SMLC: 12. DTAP Release + SMLC->>LMU: 13. DTAP Release Complete + SMLC->>BSC: 14. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP Clear Command] + BSC-->>SMLC: 15. SCCP DT1 [BSSMAP Clear Complete] + BSC->>LMU: 16. RR Channel Release + SMLC->>BSC: 17. SCCP RLSD + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information transfer between SMLC, BSC, and LMU using a TCH. The diagram consists of 17 numbered messages exchanged between the three entities. + +**Figure 21: Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Type A LMU using a TCH** + +- 1) The SMLC establishes a signaling connection to the LMU using an SDCCH. +- 2) The SMLC sends a DTAP Setup to the LMU with the requested bearer capability. +- 3) The LMU returns a DTAP Call Confirmed. +- 4) The SMLC initiates traffic channel assignment by sending a BSSAP Assignment Request to the BSC. +- 5) The BSC requests channel activation in the BTS and then sends an RR Assignment Command to the LMU. +- 6) The LMU acknowledges TCH assignment. +- 7) The BSC confirms TCH assignment. +- 8) The LMU confirms call establishment. +- 9) The SMLC acknowledges the LMU confirm. +- 10) DTAP-LE Connection Oriented Information messages are transferred between the SMLC and LMU on the established TCH: these are transparent to the BSC. +- 11) The SMLC initiates release of the TCH by sending a DTAP Disconnect to the LMU +- 12) The LMU returns a DTAP Release. +- 13) The SMLC sends a DTAP Release Complete. +- 14) The SMLC initiates release of the TCH by sending a BSSAP Clear Command to the BSC. + +- 15) The BSC returns a BSSAP Clear Complete. +- 16) The BSC orders release of the TCH by sending an RR Channel Release to the LMU. +- 17) The SMLC releases the SCCP connection to the BSC by sending an SCCP Released message. + +### 8.3.4 LCS Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Type B LMU + +A SMLC uses the procedure shown below in order to exchange LCS information with a TypeB LMU. + +![Sequence diagram showing information transfer between SMLC, BSC, and BTS or LMU.](fb18a83d10ebdad8e3e5ea2e86b36136_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant BTS or LMU + Note left of SMLC: 1. SCCP UDT [BSSAP-LE Connectionless Information] + SMLC->>BSC: 1. SCCP UDT [BSSAP-LE Connectionless Information] + Note right of BSC: 2. Location Information + BSC->>BTS or LMU: 2. Location Information + Note right of BTS or LMU: 3. Location Information + BTS or LMU->>BSC: 3. Location Information + Note left of BSC: 4. SCCP UDT [BSSAP-LE Connectionless Information] + BSC->>SMLC: 4. SCCP UDT [BSSAP-LE Connectionless Information] +``` + +Sequence diagram showing information transfer between SMLC, BSC, and BTS or LMU. + +**Figure 22: Information Transfer between a SMLC and a Type B LMU** + +- 1) The SMLC passes a BSSAP-LE Connectionless Information message to the BSC containing an embedded LLP message and the LAC/CI cell address identifying the LMU. The BSSAP-LE message is transferred inside an SCCP Unitdata message. +- 2) The BSC transfers the embedded LLP message to either the BTS associated with the LMU or the LMU itself inside a Location Information message. The BTS or LMU is identified using the LAC/CI received in step 1. +- 3) When the LMU has positioning information to return to the SMLC, either it or its associated BTS transfers this to the BSC inside a Location Information message.. +- 4) The serving BSC forwards the LLP message to the SMLC inside a BSSAP-LE Connectionless Information message contained in an SCCP Unitdata message. The BSSAP-LE message contains the LAC/CI address identifying the LMU. + +## 8.4 Common Control Procedures for LMUs + +These procedures are applicable to any Type A LMU and may be used for any Type B LMU to enable control of the LMU by its associated SMLC. The procedures assume support for the establishment of a signaling link and the transfer of LLP messages between an SMLC and LMU that are defined in the common procedures to support access to an LMU, clause 8.3. Consequently, details of signaling link establishment and message transfer by a BSC and BTS are not shown. + +### 8.4.1 Reset Procedure + +The reset procedure enables an SMLC to return an LMU to a known initial state in which no measurement or O&M operations are outstanding or being performed. + +![Sequence diagram showing the reset procedure for a Circuit Mode LMU.](96bfe678265c45ada94af2d97be9d002_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant LMU + Note left of SMLC: 1. LLP Reset Invoke message + SMLC->>LMU: 1. LLP Reset Invoke message + Note right of LMU: 2. LLP Reset Return Result + LMU->>SMLC: 2. LLP Reset Return Result +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the reset procedure for a Circuit Mode LMU. + +**Figure 23: Reset Procedure for a Circuit Mode LMU** + +- 1) After first establishing a signaling connection to the LMU (see clause 8.3), the SMLC sends an LLP Reset Invoke to the LMU via BSC. +- 2) The LMU cancels any LCS measurement and O&M tasks previously ordered by the SMLC. The LMU then returns an LLP Reset Return Result to the SMLC. + +### 8.4.2 Status Query Procedure + +The Status Query procedure enables an SMLC to verify the status of an associated LMU. The procedure may be instigated periodically or following any loss of communication with the LMU. + +![Sequence diagram for Status Query Procedure for a Circuit Mode LMU](5d782eeb9d1e5871d7f09e0ccdd4cdf1_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant LMU + Note left of SMLC: 1. LLP Status Query Invoke message + SMLC->>LMU: LLP Status Query Invoke message + Note right of LMU: 2. LLP Status Query Return Result + LMU-->>SMLC: LLP Status Query Return Result +``` + +The diagram shows a sequence of messages between three entities: SMLC, BSC, and LMU. The SMLC sends a message labeled '1. LLP Status Query Invoke message' to the LMU via the BSC. The LMU responds with a message labeled '2. LLP Status Query Return Result' back to the SMLC via the BSC. + +Sequence diagram for Status Query Procedure for a Circuit Mode LMU + +**Figure 24: Status Query Procedure for a Circuit Mode LMU** + +- 1) After first establishing a signaling connection to the LMU (see clause 8.3), the SMLC sends an LLP Status Query Invoke to the LMU via BSC. +- 2) The LMU returns an LLP Status Query return result, indicating the number of active measurement jobs for each type of measurement (e.g. RIT) and the number of active O&M jobs in the LMU that were previously ordered by the SMLC. + +### 8.4.3 Status Update Procedure + +The Status Update procedure enables an LMU to report status information to its associated SMLC. The procedure may be instigated for the following reasons: + +1. Periodically; +2. Power-on condition or recovery from failure with loss of memory; +3. Impending availability or unavailability for O&M reasons; +4. Location Update by a Type A LMU in a new Location Area. + +![Sequence diagram for Status Update Procedure for a Circuit Mode LMU](1b2ad37940c441d410002c05ff71c7c5_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant LMU + Note right of LMU: LLP Status Update Invoke message + LMU->>SMLC: LLP Status Update Invoke message + Note left of SMLC: LLP Status Update Return result + SMLC-->>LMU: LLP Status Update Return result +``` + +The diagram shows a sequence of messages between three entities: SMLC, BSC, and LMU. The LMU sends a message labeled 'LLP Status Update Invoke message' to the SMLC via the BSC. The SMLC responds with a message labeled 'LLP Status Update Return result' back to the LMU via the BSC. + +Sequence diagram for Status Update Procedure for a Circuit Mode LMU + +**Figure 25: Status Update Procedure for a Circuit Mode LMU** + +- 1) After first establishing a signaling connection to the SMLC (see clause 8.3), the LMU sends an LLP Status Update Invoke to the SMLC via BSC. This message shall include the reason for the Status Update, the number of active and outstanding jobs of each category in the LMU and the current hardware status. +- 2) The SMLC returns an LLP Status Update return result to acknowledge receipt of the Status Update. + +## 8.5 Exception Procedures + +The procedures in this clause apply to all location procedures where a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request has been sent to an SMLC by a BSC requesting some location service (e.g. provision of a location estimate for a target MS or transfer of assistance data to a target MS). + +### 8.5.1 Procedures in the SMLC + +When a request for a location estimate fails due to failure of a position method itself (e.g. due to inaccurate or insufficient position measurements and related data) and the SMLC is unable to instigate another positioning attempt (e.g. due to a requirement on response time), the SMLC may return a BSSAP-LE Perform Location response containing a less accurate location estimate (e.g. based on serving cell and timing advance). If a less accurate estimate is not available, the SMLC shall instead return a BSSAP-LE Perform Location response message containing no location estimate and indicating the cause of failure. + +When a request for any other location service (e.g. transfer of assistance data to a target MS) fails for any reason and the SMLC is unable to reattempt the service, the SMLC shall return a BSSAP-LE Perform Location response message indicating the cause of failure. + +When a location service request is interrupted by some other unrecoverable error event inside the SMLC, the SMLC shall immediately terminate the location service attempt and return a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response message containing the reason for the location service cancellation. In that case, any dialogue previously opened with an LMU or BSS for the purpose of instigating position measurements for any MS being located may also be aborted by the SMLC. + +If the SMLC receives a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort indication for a previous location service request from the BSS, it shall immediately terminate the location service attempt and may abort any dialogues used for the location service attempt that may still exist with any LMUs. The circumstances of the abort may still ensure cancellation of any such procedure (see clause on BSS). For a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort, the SMLC shall then either return any location estimate (with optional velocity estimate) already derived, if this was requested, or return a BSSAP-LE Perform Location response indicating failure of the location service and the cause of the failure in the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort. + +If the SMLC has instigated any location related procedure in the Target MS or its serving BSS and receives a BSSLAP Reject, BSSLAP Abort or BSSLAP Reset indication from the BSS, it shall cancel the location service attempt and may abort any dialogues for this that currently exist with any LMUs. For a BSSLAP Abort, the SMLC shall then either return any location estimate (with optional velocity estimate) already derived, if this was requested and is sufficient for the requested QoS, or return a BSSAP-LE Perform Location response indicating failure of the location service and the cause of the failure in the BSSLAP Abort. For a BSSLAP Reject and BSSLAP Reset, the SMLC has the additional option of restarting the location service attempt and using the same or a different position method where a location estimate was requested. A decision to restart the location service shall take into account the cause of the location service failure as conveyed in the BSSLAP Reject or BSSLAP Reset and whether, in the case of successful intra-BSC handover, the new cell for the target MS is still associated with the SMLC. If the SMLC receives a BSSLAP Reject or BSSLAP Reset with a cause indicating intra-BSC handover and with a new cell identity for the target MS that is not associated with the SMLC, the SMLC shall return a BSSAP-LE Perform Location response containing either a location estimate (with optional velocity estimate), if requested and available, or a failure cause indicating "intra-BSC" handover. + +NOTE: In the CS domain, in the case of an intra-BSC handover to a cell in a different PLMN (different MCC, MNC combination), the SMLC may receive a BSSLAP Reset containing the new location area code and new cell ID. The SMLC may then deduce the new MCC and MNC from the uniqueness, when this applies, of the combined values for the new location area code and cell ID compared to the corresponding values for neighbouring cells. + +### 8.5.2 Procedures in an LMU + +An LMU shall return an error indication to its controlling SMLC when location measurements previously ordered by the SMLC cannot be provided due to any error condition. + +### 8.5.3 Procedures in the BSC in the CS Domain + +#### 8.5.3.1 General Procedures + +The BSC serving a target MS shall supervise any network or MS location service procedure, including transfer of positioning assistance data to an MS, and shall only allow one such procedure to be active at any time. If a new procedure is instigated by the SMLC for any target MS, the BSC shall cancel any previous procedure without notifying the SMLC or target MS. The new procedure shall then be treated according to the prevailing conditions. If a location information transfer to an MS initiated by an SMLC is not active, the BSC shall discard any RRLP message received from the MS. This precludes the initiation of any location service procedure from an MS. + +The BSC may optionally allow one A-GNSS or E-OTD positioning procedure and one Cell-based or U-TDOA positioning procedure to be active concurrently for the same target MS. The BSC shall indicate the second independent location procedure is supported when SMLC instigates a first positioning procedure for any MS. The SMLC may initiate the concurrent positioning procedure only in when the BSC has indicated this capability. The BSC may disallow the concurrent positioning procedure at any time. + +In the concurrent positioning procedure, if the SMLC invokes a first A-GNSS or E-OTD location procedure and then invokes a second A-GNSS or E-OTD then the BSC shall cancel the first procedure and proceed with the second without notifying the SMLC or target MS. In the concurrent location procedure, if the SMLC invokes a first cell-based or U-TDOA location procedure and then invokes a second cell-based or U-TDOA location procedure then the BSC shall cancel the first procedure and proceed with the second positioning procedure without notifying the SMLC or target MS. + +Depending on the location procedure and its current state of execution, a serving BSC may chose to defer certain radio related events (e.g. handover) to avoid interference with location – refer to the later clauses for each positioning procedure. A serving BSC shall abort all existing location related procedures for a particular target MS without notifying a target MS if the DCCH to the target MS or the SCCP connection to the SMLC is released. In the event of an abort with an SMLC, the BSC shall attempt to notify the SMLC using a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort. + +#### 8.5.3.2 Rejection of an SMLC Positioning Request + +The BSC may reject any request from an SMLC for positioning or transfer of assistance data for a target MS if the request cannot be performed for reasons other than interaction with handover or other RR management. If the request is rejected, the BSC shall return a BSSLAP Reject to the SMLC containing the cause of rejection. + +#### 8.5.3.3 Interaction with Inter-BSC Handover + +The BSC shall reject any request from an SMLC for positioning or transfer of assistance data while an inter-BSC handover procedure is ongoing and shall return a BSSLAP Abort to the SMLC. + +The BSC shall terminate any network or MS positioning procedure or any transfer of RRLP assistance data already in progress if inter-BSC handover is needed and is not precluded by the particular location procedure and its current state. When a location procedure is terminated and there is an active BSSLAP transaction, the BSC shall return a BSSLAP Abort message to the SMLC after the BSSAP Handover Required has been sent to the serving MSC. The BSSLAP Abort shall contain the cause of the location procedure failure. When a location procedure is terminated and there is no active BSSLAP transaction, the BSC shall send a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort message to the SMLC after the BSSMAP Handover Required has been sent to the serving MSC. + +#### 8.5.3.4 Interaction with Intra-BSC Handover and other RR Management Procedures + +The BSC shall reject any request from an SMLC for positioning or transfer of assistance data while an intra-BSC handover or other intra-BSC RR management procedure involving the target MS is ongoing and shall return a BSSLAP Reset to the SMLC when the handover or other RR management procedure is complete in the BSC. If the handover or other RR management procedure times out in the BSC, the BSC shall instead return either a BSSLAP Reset or a BSSLAP Abort to the SMLC. + +The BSC shall terminate any network or MS positioning procedure or any transfer of RRLP assistance data already in progress if an intra-BSC handover or other intra-BSC RR management procedure is needed and is not precluded by the particular location procedure and its current state. When location procedure is terminated, the BSC shall return a BSSLAP Reset message to the SMLC after the intra-BSC handover or other RR management procedure is complete in the BSC. If the intra-BSC handover or other RR management procedure times out in the BSC, the BSC shall instead return either a BSSLAP Reset or a BSSLAP Abort to the SMLC. + +A BSSLAP Reset shall contain a cause indication, the current serving cell identity, the current location area code if this has just changed due to intra-BSC handover and may contain measurement information for the target MS (e.g. TA value). A BSSLAP Reset shall also include the current location area code if there has been any change of location area since the location request for the target MS was first sent to the SMLC and if the current location area code was not yet reported to the SMLC in a previous BSSLAP Reset. + +#### 8.5.3.5 Priority of Handover and Other RR Management Procedures + +If the transfer of RRLP messages between an SMLC and target MS is interrupted by intra-BSC handover, inter-BSC handover or any other intra-BSC RR management procedure, the BSC shall avoid delay to the handover or RR management procedure by employing the preemption capability defined in 3GPP TS 44.006 and 3GPP TS 24.008. This allows an RR Handover Command or other RR management command sent to the target MS to be assigned a "high" priority at the data link level enabling preemption of "low" priority RR Application Information messages (carrying RRLP messages) which may have been sent earlier. This procedure ensures that any RRLP data still not transmitted to the MS will be preempted (and discarded) by the data link layer in the BTS prior to transmission of the Handover Command or other RR Management command. + +#### 8.5.3.6 Interaction with Segmentation support for Legacy MS + +If a location information transfer to an MS initiated by an SMLC is not active, the BSC shall discard any RRLP message segment received from the MS. Once a location service procedure has been started involving RRLP message transfer to a target MS, the BSC shall discard all RRLP segments received from the MS until it receives the first or only segment of a new RRLP message. The new RRLP message shall then be treated according to the state of the RRLP message transfer as described in clause 8.1. + +Further details regarding transfer and segmentation of RRLP messages between a BSC and MS can be found in 3GPP TS 44.018. + +#### 8.5.3.7 Overload + +The BSC may indicate an inability to support location due to overload by rejecting with a cause indicating congestion a BSSAP Perform Location request received from the MSC. If an SMLC has rejected a request from the BSC to perform location with a cause indicating congestion, the BSC shall convey the rejection and cause to the MSC if the request was MSC initiated. If the request was initiated by the BSC, the BSC may reduce the frequency of its location requests to the SMLC according to the rules in 3GPP TS 49.031, which give precedence to location service requests with a higher priority. + +### 8.5.4 Procedures in the BSS in the PS Domain + +#### 8.5.4.1 General Procedures + +The BSS serving a target MS shall supervise any network or MS location service procedure, including transfer of positioning assistance data to an MS, and shall only allow one such procedure to be active at any time for any one TLLI. If a new procedure is instigated by the SMLC for any target MS, the BSS shall cancel any previous procedure without notifying the SMLC or target MS. The new procedure shall then be treated according to the prevailing conditions. If a location information transfer to an MS initiated by an SMLC is not active, the BSS shall discard any RRLP message received from the MS via the SGSN. + +The BSC may optionally allow one A-GNSS or E-OTD positioning procedure and one Cell-based or U-TDOA positioning procedure to be active concurrently for the same target MS. The BSC shall indicate the second independent location procedure is supported when SMLC instigates a first positioning procedure for any MS. The SMLC may initiate the concurrent positioning procedure only in when the BSC has indicated this capability. The BSC may disallow the concurrent positioning procedure at any time. + +In the concurrent positioning procedure, if the SMLC invokes a first A-GNSS or E-OTD location procedure and then invokes a second A-GNSS or E-OTD then the BSC shall cancel the first procedure and proceed with the second without notifying the SMLC or target MS. In the concurrent location procedure, if the SMLC invokes a first cell-based or U-TDOA location procedure and then invokes a second cell-based or U-TDOA location procedure then the BSC shall cancel the first procedure and proceed with the second positioning procedure without notifying the SMLC or target MS. + +A serving BSS shall abort all existing location related procedures for a particular target MS without notifying a target MS if the SCCP connection to the SMLC is released. In the event of an abort when no BSSLAP procedure is active, but a location procedure is active, the BSS shall attempt to notify the SMLC using a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort. + +A serving BSS shall abort all existing location related procedures for a particular target MS if the radio connection to the MS is lost. The SMLC shall be notified with a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort if no BSSLAP procedure is currently active. If there is an active BSSLAP procedure, the BSSLAP Abort message shall be sent to the SMLC. + +A serving BSS shall return a BSSLAP Reject to the SMLC containing the cause of rejection, if the BSS receives the BSSGP Position Response message from the SGSN indicating a failure. + +#### 8.5.4.2 Rejection of an SMLC Positioning Request + +The BSS may reject any request from an SMLC for positioning or transfer of assistance data for a target MS if the request cannot be performed. If the request is rejected, the BSS shall return a BSSLAP Reject to the SMLC containing the cause of rejection. + +#### 8.5.4.3 Overload + +The BSS may indicate an inability to support location due to overload by rejecting with a cause indicating congestion sent in a BSSGP Perform Location Response message to the SGSN. If an SMLC has rejected a request from the BSS to perform location with a cause indicating congestion, the BSS shall convey the rejection and cause to the SGSN if the request was initiated by the SGSN. If the request was initiated by the BSS, the BSS may reduce the frequency of its location requests to the SMLC according to the rules in 3GPP TS 49.031, which give precedence to location service requests with a higher priority. + +#### 8.5.4.4 Inter BSS Cell Change + +If the BSS detects (e.g. when it receives a BSSGP-FLUSH-LL PDU from the SGSN) that a target MS has changed cell to another BSS, it shall abort the positioning procedure by sending the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort to the SMLC. + +### 8.5.5 Void + +## 8.6 Procedures in the Target MS + +A target MS shall terminate any positioning procedure or the transfer of RRLP positioning assistance data without sending any response to the SMLC if any RR message is received from the BSC that starts some other RR management procedure, including a new positioning procedure. The new RR procedure shall then be executed by the MS. + +A target MS shall terminate any positioning procedure or the transfer of RRLP positioning assistance data without sending any response to the SMLC if a Routing Area Update Request message is sent to the SGSN or if a suspension request message is sent to the network or if its P-TMSI is reallocated. + +## 8.7 Further Procedures for Handover + +Handover procedures are described in 3GPP TS 23.271 [7]. + +# --- 9 Positioning procedures + +The following clause describes the positioning procedures for Timing Advance, Enhanced Observed Time Difference and A-GNSS. + +## 9.1 Positioning Procedure Initiation + +### 9.1.1 Core Network Position Procedure Initiation over the A interface + +This procedure is used by the Core Network to start the positioning procedure in GERAN over the A interface. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 26: Positioning Procedure Initiation Over A Interface. Lifelines: MSC, BSC, SMLC, MS. 1. MSC sends BSSAP Perform Location Request to BSC. 2. BSC and SMLC execute Common Positioning Procedure for CS domain. 3. BSC sends BSSAP Perform Location Response to MSC.](8269648391c59363ea61243864a2adf7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MSC + participant BSC + participant SMLC + participant MS + Note right of BSC: 2. Common Positioning Procedure for CS domain + MSC->>BSC: 1. BSSAP Perform Location Request + BSC-->>MSC: 3. BSSAP Perform Location Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 26: Positioning Procedure Initiation Over A Interface. Lifelines: MSC, BSC, SMLC, MS. 1. MSC sends BSSAP Perform Location Request to BSC. 2. BSC and SMLC execute Common Positioning Procedure for CS domain. 3. BSC sends BSSAP Perform Location Response to MSC. + +**Figure 26: Positioning Procedure Initiation Over A Interface** + +- 1) The MSC sends the BSSAP Perform Location Request message on the existing SCCP connection for the target MS to request the BSC to start the positioning procedure. The Location Type is always included. Depending on the type of location request, additional parameters may be included to provide the Cell Identifier, Classmark Information Type 3, LCS Client Type, Chosen Channel, LCS Priority, Quality of service, A-GNSS Assistance Data, and APDU. In addition, the IMSI and / or the IMEI of the mobile station involved in the positioning procedure may be provided by the MSC in order, if forwarded by the BSC, to allow the SMLC to maintain a context between subsequent requests for a mobile station, to tune positioning for each mobile station and to add more options for SMLC diagnostics. +- 2) The common positioning procedures for CS domain are executed (see below). +- 3) The BSC sends the BSSAP Perform Location Response message to the MSC. A location estimate, velocity estimate, positioning data, deciphering keys, or LCS Cause may be included. + +### 9.1.2 Positioning Procedure Initiation from an Internal LCS Client for the CS Domain (A/Gb mode) + +Figure 27 illustrates how a serving BSC may obtain the location of a target MS that is already in dedicated mode on behalf of some PLMN operator LCS client in GERAN – e.g. to support handover. The procedure is valid when local regulatory requirements do not require privacy checking for PLMN operator initiated location. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 27: Positioning Procedure Initiation from an Internal LCS Client. Lifelines: LCS Client, SMLC, BSC, MS. 1. LCS Client sends LCS Service Request to BSC. 2. BSC and SMLC execute Common Positioning Procedures for CS Domain. 3. BSC sends LCS Service Response to LCS Client.](bc9d0c0b02cbe628b1b6548cc1107734_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant LCS Client + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + Note right of BSC: 2. Common Positioning Procedures for CS Domain + LCS Client->>BSC: 1. LCS Service Request + BSC-->>LCS Client: 3. LCS Service Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 27: Positioning Procedure Initiation from an Internal LCS Client. Lifelines: LCS Client, SMLC, BSC, MS. 1. LCS Client sends LCS Service Request to BSC. 2. BSC and SMLC execute Common Positioning Procedures for CS Domain. 3. BSC sends LCS Service Response to LCS Client. + +**Figure 27: Positioning Procedure Initiation from an Internal LCS Client** + +- 1) An LCS client within the GERAN requests the current location of a target MS from the serving BSC +- 2) The common positioning procedures for CS domain are executed see Figure 28. The BSC returns the MS location estimate to the requesting LCS client. + +### 9.1.3 Core Network Position Procedure Initiation over the Gb interface + +This procedure is used by the Core Network to start the positioning procedure in GERAN over the Gb interface. + +![Sequence diagram for Core Network Position Procedure Initiation over the Gb interface. The diagram shows four participants: SGSN, BSS, SMLC, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. SGSN sends a 'BSSGP Perform Location Request' to the BSS. 2. A 'Common Positioning Procedure for PS domain' is initiated between the BSS, SMLC, and MS. 3. The BSS sends a 'BSSGP Perform Location Response' back to the SGSN.](0c80c383f76034e117adf5e5eaadaaf3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SGSN + participant BSS + participant SMLC + participant MS + Note right of BSS: 2. Common Positioning Procedure for PS domain + SGSN->>BSS: 1. BSSGP Perform Location Request + BSS-->>SGSN: 3. BSSGP Perform Location Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Core Network Position Procedure Initiation over the Gb interface. The diagram shows four participants: SGSN, BSS, SMLC, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. SGSN sends a 'BSSGP Perform Location Request' to the BSS. 2. A 'Common Positioning Procedure for PS domain' is initiated between the BSS, SMLC, and MS. 3. The BSS sends a 'BSSGP Perform Location Response' back to the SGSN. + +**Figure 27a: Positioning Procedure Initiation Over Gb Interface** + +- 1) The SGSN sends the BSSGP Perform Location Request message to request the BSS to start the positioning procedure. The TLLI, IMSI, DRX Parameters, Current BVCI for the MS, Current NSEI for the MS, Location Type, Current Cell Identifier, and LCS Capability IEs are always included. The IMSI, DRX Parameters, Current BVCI for the MS, Current NSEI for the MS shall be stored in the SCCP signalling context towards the SMLC for potential use in a TA Request procedure later on. Depending on the type of location request, additional parameters may be included in the BSSGP Perform Location Request message to provide LCS Client Type, LCS Priority, LCS Quality of Service, and A-GNSS Assistance Data. In addition, the IMEI of the mobile station involved in the positioning procedure may be provided by the SGSN. The IMSI and, if forwarded by the BSS, the IMEI, would allow the SMLC to maintain a context between subsequent requests for a mobile station, to tune positioning for each mobile station and to add more options for SMLC diagnostics. +- 2) The common positioning procedures for PS domain are executed (see clause 9.2.1). +- 3) The BSS sends the BSSGP Perform Location Response message to the SGSN. The TLLI and the BVCI identifying the cell from which the last LLC PDU was received from the MS are always included. A location estimate, velocity estimate, positioning data, deciphering keys, or LCS Cause may be included. + +### 9.1.4 Positioning Procedure Initiation from Core Network (Iu mode) + +This procedure is used by the Core Network to start the positioning procedure in GERAN Iu mode. This procedure is used when the source node in the Core Network is the 3G-MSC (Iu-cs interface) or when the source node in the Core Network is the 3G-SGSN (Iu-ps interface). + +![Sequence diagram for Positioning Procedure Initiation from Core Network (Iu mode). The diagram shows four participants: MSC/SGSN, BSC, SMLC, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. MSC/SGSN sends a 'Location Reporting Control' message to the BSC. 2. A 'Positioning Procedure for Iu mode' is initiated between the BSC, SMLC, and MS. 3. The BSC sends a 'Location Report' back to the MSC/SGSN.](8d8c758885b4f754ff071bf3b572ab3c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MSC_SGSN as MSC/SGSN + participant BSC + participant SMLC + participant MS + Note right of BSC: 2. Positioning Procedure for Iu mode + MSC_SGSN->>BSC: 1. Location Reporting Control + BSC-->>MSC_SGSN: 3. Location Report + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Positioning Procedure Initiation from Core Network (Iu mode). The diagram shows four participants: MSC/SGSN, BSC, SMLC, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. MSC/SGSN sends a 'Location Reporting Control' message to the BSC. 2. A 'Positioning Procedure for Iu mode' is initiated between the BSC, SMLC, and MS. 3. The BSC sends a 'Location Report' back to the MSC/SGSN. + +**Figure 27b: Positioning Procedure Initiation from Core Network (Iu mode)** + +- 1) The MSC/SGSN sends the Location Reporting Control message on the existing SCCP connection for the target MS to request the BSC to start the positioning procedure. The Location Type is always included. Depending on the type of location request, additional parameters may be included to provide LCS Client Type, LCS Priority, Quality of service, and A-GNSS Assistance Data.. +- 2) The Positioning Procedure for Iu mode is executed (see below). + +- 3) The BSC sends the Location Report message to the MSC/SGSN. A location estimate (with optional velocity estimate), or LCS Cause may be included. + +### 9.1.5 Positioning Procedure Initiation from Internal LCS Client (Iu mode) + +FFS. + +## 9.2 Common Positioning Procedure for CS Domain in A/Gb mode + +This procedure is common to all positioning methods in the CS domain. + +![Sequence diagram of the Common Positioning Procedure for CS Domain. The diagram shows three participants: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. BSC sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request to SMLC. 2. SMLC sends messages for individual positioning methods to MS. 3. SMLC sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response to BSC.](a97518a839da75f8379c578562b01bc2_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSC + participant SMLC + participant MS + Note left of SMLC: 1. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request + SMLC->>MS: 2. Messages for individual positioning methods + Note right of SMLC: 3. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram of the Common Positioning Procedure for CS Domain. The diagram shows three participants: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. BSC sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request to SMLC. 2. SMLC sends messages for individual positioning methods to MS. 3. SMLC sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response to BSC. + +**Figure 28: Common Positioning Procedure for CS Domain** + +- 1) The BSC sends the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request message to request the SMLC to start the positioning procedure. The Location Type and Current Cell Identifier IEs are always included. Depending on the type of location request, additional parameters may be included to provide Measurement Report (in BSSLAP APDU IE), LCS Client Type, Classmark Information Type 3, Chosen Channel, LCS Priority, LCS Quality of Service, and A-GNSS Assistance Data. In addition, the IMSI and / or the IMEI of the mobile station involved in the positioning procedure may be provided by the BSC in order to allow the SMLC to maintain a context between subsequent requests for a mobile station, to tune positioning for each mobile station and to add more options for SMLC diagnostics. +- 2) If location information is requested and the location accuracy within the QoS, if provided, can be satisfied by the reported cell ID and, if available, TA value, the SMLC may send a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response message immediately. Otherwise, the SMLC determines the positioning method and instigates the particular message sequence for this method defined in subsequent clauses. If the position method returns position measurements, the SMLC uses them to compute a location estimate (with optional velocity estimate). If there has been a failure to obtain position measurements, the SMLC may use the current cell ID and, if available, TA value to derive an approximate location estimate. If a computed location estimate is returned for an MS based position method, the SMLC may verify consistency with the current cell ID and, if available, TA value. If the location estimate so obtained does not satisfy the requested accuracy or the location attempt failed, e.g. due to missing data, and sufficient response time still remains, the SMLC may instigate a further location attempt using the same (e.g. providing more assistance data to MS) or a different position method. If there is insufficient response time for another position attempt, the SMLC shall return any location estimate already obtained even if not satisfying the requested accuracy. If a vertical location co-ordinate is requested but the SMLC can only obtain horizontal co-ordinates, these may be returned. Requirements on the geographic shape encoded within the 'position information' parameter may exist for certain LCS client types. The SMLC shall comply with any shape requirements defined in 3GPP. The SMLC in a certain country should attempt to comply with the shape requirements defined for a specific LCS client type in the relevant national standards of that country. If location assistance data is requested, the SMLC transfers this data to the MS as described in subsequent clauses. The SMLC determines the exact location assistance data to transfer according to the type of data specified by the MS, the MS location capabilities and the current cell ID. If deciphering keys are requested the SMLC obtains the current keys. +- 3) The SMLC sends the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response message to the BSC containing any location estimate (with optional velocity estimate) or deciphering keys. In case of failure the cause value may be included. + +### 9.2a Common Positioning Procedure for PS Domain in A/Gb mode + +This procedure is common to all positioning methods in the PS domain. + +![Sequence diagram for Common Positioning Procedure for PS Domain in A/Gb mode. The diagram shows three participants: SMLC, BSS, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. BSS sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request to SMLC. 2. A block labeled 'Messages for individual positioning methods' is shown between SMLC and MS. 3. SMLC sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response to BSS.](b44f89b176c971c7dd264c07bfef2c2a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSS + participant SMLC + participant MS + Note left of SMLC: 1. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request + BSS->>SMLC: 1. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request + Note right of SMLC: 2. Messages for individual positioning methods + SMLC-->>MS: 2. Messages for individual positioning methods + Note right of MS: 3. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response + SMLC->>BSS: 3. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Common Positioning Procedure for PS Domain in A/Gb mode. The diagram shows three participants: SMLC, BSS, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. BSS sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request to SMLC. 2. A block labeled 'Messages for individual positioning methods' is shown between SMLC and MS. 3. SMLC sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response to BSS. + +**Figure 28a: Common Positioning Procedure for PS Domain** + +- 1) The BSS sends the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request message to request the SMLC to start the positioning procedure. The Location Type, and Current Cell Identifier IEs are always included. If the Timing Advance value for the MS is available in the BSS, it shall be included (in BSSLAP APDU IE). Depending on the type of location request, additional parameters may be included to provide Measurement Report (in BSSLAP APDU IE), Packet Measurement Report, LCS Client Type, LCS Capability, LCS Priority, LCS Quality of Service, and A-GNSS Assistance Data. In addition, the IMSI and / or the IMEI of the mobile station involved in the positioning procedure may be provided by the BSS in order to allow the SMLC to maintain a context between subsequent requests for a mobile station, to tune positioning for each mobile station and to add more options for SMLC diagnostics. +- 2) See step 2 of clause 9.2 "Common Positioning Procedure for CS Domain in A/Gb mode". +- 3) The SMLC sends the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response message to the BSS. A location estimate, velocity estimate, positioning data, deciphering keys, or LCS Cause may be included. + +### 9.2b Common Positioning Procedure for Iu mode + +This procedure is common to all positioning methods in the Iu mode. + +![Sequence diagram for Common Positioning Procedure for Iu mode. The diagram shows three participants: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. BSC sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request to SMLC. 2. A block labeled 'Messages for individual positioning methods' is shown between SMLC and MS. 3. SMLC sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response to BSC.](30a91d1c3ead5af4823f4f3330e4ac1e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSC + participant SMLC + participant MS + Note left of SMLC: 1. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request + BSC->>SMLC: 1. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request + Note right of SMLC: 2. Messages for individual positioning methods + SMLC-->>MS: 2. Messages for individual positioning methods + Note right of MS: 3. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response + SMLC->>BSC: 3. BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Common Positioning Procedure for Iu mode. The diagram shows three participants: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. BSC sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request to SMLC. 2. A block labeled 'Messages for individual positioning methods' is shown between SMLC and MS. 3. SMLC sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response to BSC. + +**Figure 28b: Common Positioning Procedure** + +1. The BSC sends the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request message to request the SMLC to start the positioning procedure. +2. See step 2 of Clause 9.2 "Common Positioning Procedure for CS Domain in A/Gb Mode." +3. The SMLC sends the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response message to the BSC containing any location estimate (with optional velocity estimate) or deciphering keys. In case of failure the cause value may be included. + +### 9.2c GPRS Cell Change for the PS Domain in A/Gb mode + +#### 9.2c.1 Intra-BSS Cell Change + +The procedure shown below is used in order to keep an SMLC updated about Intra-BSS cell changes during a positioning procedure for a target MS in the PS domain in A/Gb-mode (note that unlike the CS domain and handover, the BSSLAP reset procedure is not used). The following procedure is applicable except when U-TDOA positioning is ongoing in the BSS as described in sub-clause 9.5.2.4 of this specification. + +![Sequence diagram for Intra-BSS Cell Change with BSSAP-LE Perform Location Information for the PS Domain. The diagram shows four lifelines: SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS to SGSN: Cell Update/RA Update; 2. SGSN to BSS: BSSGP FLUSH-LL; 3. BSS to SGSN: BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK; 4. BSS to SMLC: BSSAP-LE Perform Location Information.](683f755e8456c884716de4fce48c7e63_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSN + participant BSS + participant SMLC + Note right of MS: 1. + MS->>SGSN: Cell Update/RA Update + Note right of SGSN: 2. + SGSN->>BSS: BSSGP FLUSH-LL + Note right of BSS: 3. + BSS->>SGSN: BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK + Note right of BSS: 4. + BSS->>SMLC: BSSAP-LE Perform Location Information +``` + +Sequence diagram for Intra-BSS Cell Change with BSSAP-LE Perform Location Information for the PS Domain. The diagram shows four lifelines: SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS to SGSN: Cell Update/RA Update; 2. SGSN to BSS: BSSGP FLUSH-LL; 3. BSS to SGSN: BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK; 4. BSS to SMLC: BSSAP-LE Perform Location Information. + +**Figure 28c: Cell Change with BSSAP-LE Perform Location Information for the PS Domain** + +1. The MS detects a cell change and sends a cell update message or routing area update message to the SGSN (for more information, see 3GPP TS 23.060). +2. The SGSN sends a BSSGP FLUSH-LL PDU to the BSS. If the cell change is an Inter-NSE Cell Change, the NSEI of the new cell is provided. +3. The BSS acknowledges by sending a BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK PDU to the SGSN. +4. The BSS detects that a positioning procedure is active and the BSS is able to continue the positioning procedure in the new cell and sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Information message to the SMLC. This message contains the Cell Identifier for the new cell. If the Timing Advance value for the MS in the new cell is available in the BSS, it shall also be included. The BSS may send this message either if it receives the indication from the SGSN about the cell change (the BSSGP FLUSH-LL) or if it detects the cell change on its own (e.g. network controlled cell reselection). + +#### 9.2c.2 Inter-BSS Cell Change + +The procedure shown below is used to abort the positioning procedure when an Inter-BSS cell change occurs for a target MS in the PS domain in A/Gb-mode. The following procedure is applicable except when U-TDOA positioning is ongoing in the BSS as described in sub-clause 9.5.2.5 of this specification. + +![Sequence diagram for Cell Change with positioning abort for the PS Domain. The diagram shows four lifelines: SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS sends 'Cell Update/RA Update' to SGSN. 2. SGSN sends 'BSSGP FLUSH-LL' to BSS. 3. BSS sends 'BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK' to SGSN. 4. BSS sends 'BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort' to SMLC.](a003ffe7299e0a48bceb7f1e45a4f1a3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSN + participant BSS + participant SMLC + Note right of MS: 1. + MS->>SGSN: Cell Update/RA Update + Note right of SGSN: 2. + SGSN->>BSS: BSSGP FLUSH-LL + Note right of BSS: 3. + BSS->>SGSN: BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK + Note right of BSS: 4. + BSS->>SMLC: BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Cell Change with positioning abort for the PS Domain. The diagram shows four lifelines: SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS sends 'Cell Update/RA Update' to SGSN. 2. SGSN sends 'BSSGP FLUSH-LL' to BSS. 3. BSS sends 'BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK' to SGSN. 4. BSS sends 'BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort' to SMLC. + +**Figure 28d: Cell Change with positioning abort for the PS Domain** + +1. The MS detects a cell change and sends a cell update message or routing area update message to the SGSN (for more information, see 3GPP TS 23.060). +2. The SGSN sends a BSSGP FLUSH-LL PDU to the BSS. The NSEI of the new cell is provided. +3. The BSS acknowledges by sending a BSSGP FLUSH-LL-ACK PDU to the SGSN. +4. The BSS detects that a positioning procedure is active and that the BSS is not able to continue the positioning procedure in the new cell (e.g. Inter BSS Cell Change) and sends a BSSAP-LE Perform Location Abort message to the SMLC. The IE LCS Cause indicates the reason for the abort (e.g. "Inter BSS Cell Change"). The BSS then awaits the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Response from the SMLC, which it will forward in a BSSGP Perform Location Response to the SGSN. + +## 9.3 TA Based Positioning in CS Domain for A/Gb-mode + +The TA is based on the existing Timing Advance (TA) parameter. The TA value is known for the serving BTS. To obtain TA values in case the MS is in idle mode a special call, not noticed by the GSM subscriber (no ringing tone), is set up. The cell-ID of the serving cell and the TA is returned as the result of the TA. + +### 9.3.1 Definition of TA states + +#### 9.3.1.1 MS in IDLE State + +In IDLE state the MS may be paged or may request an originating (e.g. emergency) call. The paging response message or CM Service Request, in each case respectively, received in COMPLETE\_LAYER\_3 message may contain location information that includes the TA value. If available, the TA value and other location information shall be provided to the SMLC by the requesting BSC along with the current serving cell ID in the BSSAP-LE Perform Location request. This enables TA based positioning in the SMLC without any further interactions. + +#### 9.3.1.2 MS in DEDICATED State + +In DEDICATED state the SMLC shall send a TA\_REQUEST to request the TA value from the serving BSC. The BSC shall respond with either a TA\_RESPONSE carrying the TA value and possibly other radio measurements from the MS or a Reset. The associated procedure is described in the next clause. + +### 9.3.2 TA Positioning Procedure + +This TA positioning procedure is generic for a standalone SMLC or integrate SMLC in the BSC. + +![Sequence diagram of the TA Positioning Procedure for the SMLC in the CS Domain. The diagram shows three participants: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The SMLC sends a '1. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request)' message to the BSC. The BSC responds with a '2. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response or Reset)' message back to the SMLC. The MS is shown as a participant but does not have any messages sent to or from it in this diagram.](1ce027dfd26183da52137cf990213724_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + Note left of SMLC: TA Request + SMLC->>BSC: 1. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request) + Note right of BSC: TA Response or Reset + BSC-->>SMLC: 2. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response or Reset) + +``` + +Sequence diagram of the TA Positioning Procedure for the SMLC in the CS Domain. The diagram shows three participants: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The SMLC sends a '1. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request)' message to the BSC. The BSC responds with a '2. BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response or Reset)' message back to the SMLC. The MS is shown as a participant but does not have any messages sent to or from it in this diagram. + +**Figure 29: TA Positioning Procedure for the SMLC in the CS Domain** + +- 1) The SMLC sends a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the BSC serving a particular target MS. The APDU parameter in this message contains a BSSLAP TA Request. +- 2) Provided the location area for the target MS has not changed or, if changed, was previously reported to the SMLC, the BSC returns the current TA value and current serving cell for the target MS to the SMLC in a BSSLAP TA response contained within a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message. The TA response may also include the latest measurement results received from the target MS for the serving and neighbouring cells. If the location area for the target MS has changed since the location request was first sent to the SMLC and if the new location area has not yet been reported to the SMLC, the BSC shall return a BSSLAP Reset to the SMLC within a BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message. The Reset shall include the current serving cell, the current location area code, a cause value indicating “intra-BSC handover” and the current TA value and may include the latest measurement results received from the target MS for the serving and neighboring cells. The SMLC then derives a location estimate for the target MS based on the received serving cell ID, location area code if included, TA value and other measurement results if included. + +**NOTE:** In the case of a previous intra-BSC handover to a cell in a different PLMN (different MCC, MNC combination), the SMLC would receive a BSSLAP Reset containing the new location area code and new cell ID. The SMLC may then deduce the new MCC and MNC from the uniqueness, when this applies, of the combined values for the new location area code and cell ID compared to the corresponding values for neighbouring cells. + +### 9.3.3 Unsuccessful TA positioning procedure in BSC + +There are three messages defined to handle error scenarios during positioning procedure in BSC. The messages are 1) Reject, 2) Abort and 3) Reset. Refer to 3GPP TS 48.071 [21] for details. + +After receiving the BSSLAP TA Request in BSC, a Reject will be sent with proper cause value from BSC to SMLC in "BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information Message" if TA positioning cannot be performed in BSC at that time for reasons other than handover or another ongoing RR management procedure. + +An Abort or Reset is possible if the TA positioning cannot be done in BSC during that time. Reset is sent to SMLC to indicate when the positioning needs to be restarted after temporary interruption due to intra BSC HO or other intra-BSC RR management. The contents of a Reset shall be as defined in step 2 in section 9.3.2. Abort is used to indicate to SMLC the failure of the current TA positioning attempt (e.g. due to inter-BSC handover) and allowing a new one from application level. + +### 9.3a TA Based Positioning in PS Domain for A/Gb-mode + +The TA is based on the existing Timing Advance (TA) parameter. The TA value is known for the serving BTS. To obtain TA values in case the MS is in packet idle mode and the value is not available in the BTS signalling is used to retrieve it. The cell-ID of the serving cell and the TA is returned as the result of the TA procedure. + +If available, the TA value shall be provided to the SMLC by the requesting BSS in the BSSAP-LE Perform Location request. This enables TA based positioning in the SMLC without any further interactions. The current serving cell ID shall always be provided by the BSS to the SMLC. + +#### 9.3a.1 Definition of PS Domain TA Modes + +#### 9.3a.1.1 MS in Packet Idle Mode + +When the BSS receives a TA Request message and the MS is in Packet Idle Mode and the TA value is not available in the BSS, the MS may be paged or may be sent a Packet Polling Request message. If there is a PBCCH allocated in the current cell, the BSS will send a Packet Polling Request message to the MS. If there is no PBCCH allocated in the current cell, the BSS will perform packet paging (sends a Paging Request Type 1, 2, or 3 message) for the MS. + +The paging response message or Packet Control Acknowledgement message will provide the TA value to the BSS and this will be provided to the SMLC, possibly together with other radio measurements from the MS, in the TA Response message. The associated procedure is described below. + +#### 9.3a.1.2 MS in Packet Transfer Mode + +When the BSS receives a TA Request message and the MS is in Packet Transfer Mode and the TA value is not available in the BSS the MS shall be sent a Packet Polling Request message to the MS. + +The Packet Control Acknowledgement message will provide the TA value to the BSS and it will be provided to the SMLC, possibly together with other radio measurements from the MS, in the TA Response message. The associated procedure is described in the next clause. + +#### 9.3a.2 TA Positioning Procedure + +This TA positioning procedure is generic for a standalone SMLC or integrate SMLC in the BSS. + +![Sequence diagram of the TA Positioning Procedure for the SMLC in the PS Domain. The diagram shows four lifelines: SMLC, SGSN, BSS, and MS. The procedure starts with the SMLC sending a '1. BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request)' to the BSS. The BSS then either sends '2a. Packet Paging' to the MS (if no PBCCH and MS is in Packet Idle Mode) or '2b. Packet Polling Req.' to the MS (if PBCCH is allocated or MS is in Packet Transfer Mode). The MS responds with '3a. Any LLC frame' (if paged) or '3b. Packet Control Ack.' (if polled). Finally, the BSS sends '4. BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response)' to the SMLC. The SGSN is shown as a passive component in the background.](981668c6be5792b778cccb1af38477e2_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant SGSN + participant BSS + participant MS + Note right of SGSN: (Background) + SMLC->>BSS: 1. BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request) + BSS->>MS: 2a. Packet Paging + Note right of BSS: or + BSS->>MS: 2b. Packet Polling Req. + MS->>BSS: 3a. Any LLC frame + Note right of BSS: or + MS->>BSS: 3b. Packet Control Ack. + BSS->>SMLC: 4. BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response) + +``` + +Sequence diagram of the TA Positioning Procedure for the SMLC in the PS Domain. The diagram shows four lifelines: SMLC, SGSN, BSS, and MS. The procedure starts with the SMLC sending a '1. BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Request)' to the BSS. The BSS then either sends '2a. Packet Paging' to the MS (if no PBCCH and MS is in Packet Idle Mode) or '2b. Packet Polling Req.' to the MS (if PBCCH is allocated or MS is in Packet Transfer Mode). The MS responds with '3a. Any LLC frame' (if paged) or '3b. Packet Control Ack.' (if polled). Finally, the BSS sends '4. BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information (TA Response)' to the SMLC. The SGSN is shown as a passive component in the background. + +**Figure 29a: TA Positioning Procedure for the SMLC in the PS Domain** + +- 1) If the SMLC has not already received the TA Value in the BSSAP-LE Perform Location Request message, the SMLC sends a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the BSS serving a particular target MS. The APDU parameter in this message contains a BSSLAP TA Request. +- 2) If the TA value is available in the BSS, the BSS immediately returns it in step 4, otherwise the BSS either performs a packet paging procedure or sends a Packet Polling Request message (for details, see clause 9.5.1). + - 2a) If there is no PBCCH allocated in the current cell and the MS is in Packet Idle Mode, the BSS will perform packet paging (sends a Paging Request Type 1, 2, or 3 message) for the MS. + - 2b) If there is a PBCCH allocated in the current cell or the MS is in Packet Transfer Mode, the BSS will send a Packet Polling Request message to the MS. +- 3) The MS responds to the BSS. + - 3a) If the MS receives the packet paging it will send a page response. + - 3b) If the MS receives a Packet Polling Request message it will return a Packet Control Acknowledgement message. + +- 4) The BSS returns the current TA value and current serving cell for the target MS to the SMLC in a BSSLAP TA response contained within a BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message. The TA response may also include the latest measurement results received from the target MS for the serving and neighbouring cells. The SMLC then derives a location estimate for the target MS based on the received serving cell ID, TA value and other measurement results if included. + +#### 9.3a.3 Unsuccessful TA positioning procedure in BSS + +There are three messages defined to handle error scenarios during positioning procedure in BSS. The messages are 1) Reject, 2) Abort and 3) Reset. Refer to 3GPP TS 48.071 [21] for details. The Reset message does not apply for PS domain. + +After receiving the BSSLAP TA Request in BSS, a Reject will be sent with proper cause value from BSS to SMLC in "BSSAP-LE Connection Oriented Information Message" if TA positioning cannot be performed in BSS at that time for reasons other than handover or another ongoing RR management procedure. + +An Abort is possible if the TA positioning cannot be done in the BSS during that time. Abort is used to indicate to SMLC the failure of the current TA positioning attempt (e.g. due to reception of an BSSGP\_Perform\_Location\_Abort from the SGSN) and allowing a new one from application level. + +## 9.4 E-OTD and A-GNSS Positioning Procedures + +### 9.4.1 General procedures + +For any location request where the highest priority level is assigned and MS-based A-GNSS positioning is not used, the SMLC functionality shall provide sufficient assistance data to a target MS to enable a location estimate, velocity estimate, or location measurements to succeed according to the required QoS on the first attempt. The SMLC shall not assume in this case that the target MS already possesses assistance data. For a lower priority location request or when MS-based A-GNSS positioning is used, the SMLC may reduce the assistance data provided to a target MS on the first location attempt. + +In the high priority case with MS-assisted GNSS for the first positioning attempt, acquisition assistance data shall be included in the RRLP measure position request message. + +### 9.4.2 Positioning Request + +This signaling flow is generic for all MS based or assisted location methods (MS Based E-OTD, MS Assisted E-OTD, MS Based A-GNSS, and MS Assisted A-GNSS). The signaling flow below applies to integrated and standalone SMLCs in a circuit switched network. + +If the SMLC desires to avoid lower layer (e.g. BSSAP-LE) segmentation, see clause 6.1.2, and transfer the LCS assistance data more reliably, this procedure may be preceded by an "Assistance Data Delivery" procedure. Note, that part of the entire set of assistance data may be included in the RRLP Measure Position Request even when the message is preceded by an "Assistance Data Delivery" procedure. + +If the MS has indicated support for providing MS positioning capabilities using RRLP in the MS Classmark 3 IE for GSM (see 3GPP TS 24.008), in the PS LCS Capability IE for GERAN Gb mode (see 3GPP TS 24.008), or in the MS Positioning Capability IE for GERAN Iu mode (see 3GPP TS 44.118), this procedure may be preceded by a "Positioning Capability Transfer" procedure. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the E-OTD or A-GNSS Position Request Flow between SMLC, BSC, and MS. The diagram shows six steps: 1. Positioning Capability Transfer (dashed line), 2. Assistance Data Delivery (dashed line), 3. RRLP Measure Position Request (solid line from SMLC to BSC), 4. RRLP Measure Position Request (solid line from BSC to MS), 5. RRLP Measure Position Response (solid line from MS to BSC), and 6. RRLP Measure Position Response (solid line from BSC to SMLC).](40a8c30f7ea5ecea4912e040c97c5b9c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + Note left of SMLC: 1. Positioning Capability Transfer + Note left of SMLC: 2. Assistance Data Delivery + SMLC->>BSC: 3. RRLP Measure Position Request + BSC->>MS: 4. RRLP Measure Position Request + MS->>BSC: 5. RRLP Measure Position Response + BSC->>SMLC: 6. RRLP Measure Position Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the E-OTD or A-GNSS Position Request Flow between SMLC, BSC, and MS. The diagram shows six steps: 1. Positioning Capability Transfer (dashed line), 2. Assistance Data Delivery (dashed line), 3. RRLP Measure Position Request (solid line from SMLC to BSC), 4. RRLP Measure Position Request (solid line from BSC to MS), 5. RRLP Measure Position Response (solid line from MS to BSC), and 6. RRLP Measure Position Response (solid line from BSC to SMLC). + +**Figure 30: E-OTD or A-GNSS Position Request Flow** + +- 1) The SMLC may precede the RRLP MEASURE POSITION REQUEST or Assistance Data Delivery procedure with a Position Capability Transfer procedure, if the MS supports the transfer of MS positioning capabilities using RRLP. +- 2) The SMLC may precede the RRLP MEASURE POSITION REQUEST with an optional Assistance Data Delivery procedure. +- 3) The SMLC determines possible assistance data and sends RRLP MEASURE POSITION REQUEST to the BSC. +- 4) The BSC forwards the positioning request including the QoS and any assistance data to the MS in a RRLP MEASURE POSITION REQUEST. +- 5) The MS performs the requested E-OTD or GNSS measurements, if needed assistance data is available in the MS. If the MS is able to calculate its own location and this is required and needed assistance data is available in MS, the MS computes a location estimate based on E-OTD or GNSS measurements. In case of E-OTD, any data necessary to perform these operations will either be provided in the RRLP MEASURE POSITION REQUEST or available from broadcast sources. In case of A-GNSS (both MS based and MS assisted) and first positioning attempt, a minimum set of A-GNSS assistance data will be either provided in the RRLP MEASURE POSITION REQUEST or available from broadcast sources. For further positioning attempt (failure in first attempt due to missing assistance data), sufficient A-GNSS assistance data, possibly excluding the assistance data sent in the first attempt, will be provided in the RRLP MEASURE POSITION REQUEST and possibly preceding RRLP ASSISTANCE DATA messages. The resulting E-OTD or GNSS measurements or E-OTD or GNSS location estimate (with optional velocity estimate) are returned to the BSC in a RRLP MEASURE POSITION RESPONSE. If the MS was unable to perform the necessary measurements, or compute a location, a failure indication identifying the reason for failure (e.g. missing assistance data) is returned instead. In case of A-GNSS, if the MS was unable to compute a location, the GNSS measurements are also optionally returned if allowed by the network. If the RRLP message is larger than the RRLP maximum PDU size, several RRLP MEASURE POSITION RESPONSE messages are sent (i.e. the RRLP pseudo-segmentation is used). +- 6) BSC forwards the RRLP MEASURE POSITION response to SMLC. + +### 9.4.3 Assistance Data Delivery + +This signalling flow is generic for MS Based and MS Assisted E-OTD, and MS Based or MS Assisted A-GNSS in a circuit switched network. + +If the SMLC desires to avoid lower layer (e.g. BSSAP-LE) segmentation and transfer the LCS assistance data more reliably, the sequence 1-4 illustrated in the figure below may be repeated several times to deliver more assistance data than can be sent by one RRLP Assistance Data Delivery message. In this case, each individual message is independent such that the data received in one message is stored in the MS independently of the other RRLP Assistance Data messages (i.e. an error of delivery of one message does not require a retransmission of all the RRLP Assistance Data messages). The SMLC shall indicate in the RRLP ASSISTANCE DATA message if more RRLP ASSISTANCE DATA messages will be used after the current one in order to deliver the entire set of assistance data. Data that is specific to the + +current cell should be sent in the last message this is recommended so that assistance data for the correct cell is available to the MS after a handover. + +![Sequence diagram for E-OTD or A-GNSS Assistance Data Delivery Flow](bccc028d0e75bc30c41528056f581545_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + Note left of SMLC: + SMLC->>BSC: 1. RRLP Assistance Data + BSC->>MS: 2. RRLP Assistance Data + MS-->>BSC: 3. RRLP Assistance Data Ack. + BSC-->>SMLC: 4. RRLP Assistance Data Ack. +``` + +The diagram illustrates the flow of assistance data delivery. It involves three main entities: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. The SMLC sends an 'RRLP Assistance Data' message to the BSC. 2. The BSC then forwards this message to the MS as 'RRLP Assistance Data'. 3. The MS responds with an 'RRLP Assistance Data Ack.' message back to the BSC. 4. Finally, the BSC sends its own 'RRLP Assistance Data Ack.' message back to the SMLC. + +Sequence diagram for E-OTD or A-GNSS Assistance Data Delivery Flow + +**Figure 31: E-OTD or A-GNSS Assistance Data Delivery Flow** + +- 1) The SMLC determines assistance data and sends it in the RRLP ASSISTANCE DATA message to the BSC. +- 2) The BSC forwards the assistance data to the MS in a RRLP ASSISTANCE DATA message. +- 3) The MS acknowledges the reception of complete assistance data to the BSC with a RRLP ASSISTANCE DATA Ack. +- 4) The BSC forwards the RRLP ASSISTANCE DATA Ack message to the SMLC. + +#### 9.4.3a Positioning Capability Transfer + +The purpose of this procedure is to enable the SMLC to obtain the positioning capabilities of the MS, the types of assistance supported and the types of assistance data that may be needed from the SMLC. MS support for this procedure can be indicated to the SMLC using the MS Classmark 3 IE for GSM (see 3GPP TS 24.008), the PS LCS Capability IE for GERAN Gb mode (see 3GPP TS 24.008) and the MS Positioning Capability IE for GERAN Iu mode (see 3GPP TS 44.118). + +![Sequence diagram for RRLP Position Capability Transfer Flow](42e18c25bfd455a5a57f207bacfcb970_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + Note left of SMLC: + SMLC->>BSC: 1. RRLP Position Capability Request + BSC->>MS: 2. RRLP Position Capability Request + MS-->>BSC: 3. RRLP Position Capability Response + BSC-->>SMLC: 4. RRLP Position Capability Response +``` + +The diagram illustrates the flow of RRLP Position Capability Transfer. It involves three main entities: SMLC, BSC, and MS. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. The SMLC sends an 'RRLP Position Capability Request' message to the BSC. 2. The BSC then forwards this message to the MS as 'RRLP Position Capability Request'. 3. The MS responds with an 'RRLP Position Capability Response' message back to the BSC. 4. Finally, the BSC sends its own 'RRLP Position Capability Response' message back to the SMLC. + +Sequence diagram for RRLP Position Capability Transfer Flow + +**Figure 31a: RRLP Position Capability Transfer Flow** + +- 1) The SMLC determines that the target MS supports MS Positioning Capability Transfer using RRLP and sends a Positioning Capability Request message to the BSC. +- 2) The BSC forwards the Positioning Capability Request message to the MS. + +- 3) The MS sends the Positioning Capability Response message to the BSC. The response message shall include the positioning capabilities of the MS and the types of supported assistance data (if applicable). The message may include the types of assistance needed by the MS to obtain a location estimate or positioning measurements. +- 4) The BSC forwards the Positioning Capability Response message to the SMLC. + +### 9.4.4 Error Handling for E-OTD and A-GNSS in CS Domain + +This clause describes error handling for positioning and transfer of assistance data for E-OTD and A-GNSS. For a description of error handling involving segmentation, and more details on usage of a BSSLAP Abort, Reject and Reset refer to clause 8.5 Exception Procedures. + +- Case 1: When the RRLP request comes to BSC for E-OTD and A-GNSS, The BSC will send a BSSLAP reject message to SMLC if the request cannot be supported in the BSC for reasons other than an ongoing intra BSC or inter BSC handover or other ongoing RR management procedure. For an ongoing intra BSC HO or other RR management procedure, the BSC shall return a BSSLAP Reset when the handover or RR management procedure is complete. The SMLC may then start the RRLP request (if there is time) again. For ongoing inter-BSC HO, the BSC shall return a BSSLAP Abort. The location service request may then restart from the LCS Client, VMSC or SGSN. +- Case 2: When the RRLP request comes to BSC from SMLC, BSC sends the "RRLP request" to the MS if there is no ongoing HO or other RR management procedure at that point. If an intra-BSC HO or other RR management procedure is initiated in BSC, the BSC sends the HO or other RR management command to MS. A timer will then be started in BSC, the duration of which is network dependent, but typically 6 (six) seconds. Upon receiving the HO or other RR management command, the MS will stop the location procedure and start on handover or other RR management procedure, since this has higher priority than location. The MS will then send the HO complete or other RR management response message to BSC. When this message is received before the expiration of BSC timer, a BSSLAP Reset message will be sent to SMLC from BSC. The Reset will tell SMLC to start another location service request if there is enough time. +- Case 3: During intra-BSC HO or other intra-BSC RR management procedure, if a HO complete or RR management procedure completion was not received in BSC and the corresponding timer expired. In this case a reset or abort message will be sent to SMLC indicating MS timeout. The location service may then restart from either the SMLC if a reset was sent or from the LCS Client, VMSC or SGSN if an abort was sent. +- Case 4: If an inter-BSC handover is needed during a location procedure or if the BSC times out on an RRLP response from the target MS, the BSC shall send a BSSLAP Abort to the SMLC. The location service attempt may then be restarted from the LCS Client, VMSC, or SGSN. + +### 9.4.5 Error Handling for the SMLC in CS Domain + +![Sequence diagram showing error handling for the SMLC in the CS Domain. Lifelines: SMLC, BSC, MS. The diagram illustrates the interaction between SMLC and BSC, and between BSC and MS, with various error cases (Case 1, Case 2, Case 3, Case 4) and timer T3103.](fe7304192caf64cda93b580c5e7e5c06_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + participant MS + + Note left of SMLC: Intra-BSC Handover Initiated, T3103 started + SMLC->>BSC: 1. RRLP Request + BSC-->>SMLC: 2. Reject or Reset or Abort (Case 1) + Note right of BSC: OR + BSC->>MS: 2'. RRLP Request + BSC->>MS: 3. HO Command + Note right of BSC: X + BSC-->>MS: 4. HO Complete + Note right of BSC: Handover attempt completed + Note right of MS: OR + BSC-->>SMLC: 5. Reset (Case 2) + Note right of BSC: OR + BSC-->>SMLC: 5'. Reset or Abort (Case 3) + Note right of BSC: X T3103 Expired, HO complete not received + Note right of MS: OR + BSC-->>SMLC: 5'. Abort (Case 4) + Note right of BSC: X Inter-BSC handover required or BSC timeout on an RRLP response from the MS + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing error handling for the SMLC in the CS Domain. Lifelines: SMLC, BSC, MS. The diagram illustrates the interaction between SMLC and BSC, and between BSC and MS, with various error cases (Case 1, Case 2, Case 3, Case 4) and timer T3103. + +Figure 32: Error Handling for the SMLC in the CS Domain + +#### 9.4.5a Error Handling for E-OTD and A-GNSS in PS Domain + +- Case 1: When the RRLP request comes to BSS for E-OTD and A-GNSS, the BSS will send a BSSLAP reject message to SMLC if the request cannot be supported in the BSS. +- Case 2: When the RRLP request comes to BSS from SMLC, BSS sends the "RRLP request" to the MS via the SGSN and starts position supervision timer. After this, if the BSS determines that the current location procedure cannot be continued, the BSS sends an abort message to the SMLC. Notice that an MS reselection to a new cell is not a reason for the BSS to abort the procedure. +- Case 3: If the position supervision timer times out in BSS before the RRLP response from the target MS is received, the BSS shall send a BSSLAP Abort to the SMLC. The location service attempt may then be restarted from the LCS Client, VMSC, or SGSN. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating Error Handling for the SMLC in PS domain. The diagram shows interactions between SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS. The SMLC sends an RRLP Request to the BSS. The BSS can reject it (case 1) or forward it to the SGSN. The SGSN forwards it to the MS. The MS sends an RRLP Response back to the SGSN, which then forwards it to the BSS, which finally sends it to the SMLC. The BSS starts a position supervision timer. If the timer expires before receiving a response, it aborts the process (case 3).](2cf3896394a2342a2b46c504ab9a8830_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSS + participant SGSN + participant MS + + SMLC->>BSS: 1. RRLP Request + BSS-->>SMLC: Reject (case 1) + BSS->>SGSN: 2. RRLP Request + SGSN->>MS: 3. RRLP Request + Note right of BSS: Position supervision timer started + MS-->>SGSN: RRLP Response + SGSN-->>BSS: RRLP Response + BSS-->>SMLC: RRLP Response + Note right of BSS: Position supervision timer expired + BSS-->>SMLC: Abort (case 3) + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating Error Handling for the SMLC in PS domain. The diagram shows interactions between SMLC, BSS, SGSN, and MS. The SMLC sends an RRLP Request to the BSS. The BSS can reject it (case 1) or forward it to the SGSN. The SGSN forwards it to the MS. The MS sends an RRLP Response back to the SGSN, which then forwards it to the BSS, which finally sends it to the SMLC. The BSS starts a position supervision timer. If the timer expires before receiving a response, it aborts the process (case 3). + +**Figure 32a: Error Handling for the SMLC in PS domain** + +### 9.4.6 Broadcast of Assistance Data + +In MS Based E-OTD, MS Based GPS and MS Assisted A-GNSS systems, there may be a need for assistance data to be broadcast to the MS. The assistance data to be broadcast for MS Based E-OTD contains the Real Time Difference (RTD) values (in case of a non-synchronised network) and Base Transceiver Station (BTS) coordinates. In addition, the broadcast data contains other information simplifying the E-OTD measurements. The broadcast of A-GNSS assistance data may make available the same information as in A-GNSS point-to-point signalling. It improves the location accuracy for MS Based implementations, increases the sensitivity, enables LMU-independent time dissemination and assists the acquisition of satellite signals for both MS Based and MS Assisted implementations. + +The CS mechanism (Cell Broadcast on CBCH) is used for broadcast of assistance data for all MSs, irrespective of which domain (CS or PS) they are located in. Notice that it may take longer for an MS in the PS domain compared to the CS domain to read all the broadcast data. This is because the PBCCH is not co-ordinated with the CBCH and therefore, the MS may have to skip reading a CBCH slot in order to listen for a potential paging message. + +The E-OTD assistance data to be broadcast is in compressed format where the redundant information is not included. The MS is capable to reconstruct the E-OTD assistance data using the message header information. The length of the message is depending on how many neighbours are included in the E-OTD assistance data as well as whether the redundant information can be removed from the message. The typical size of one broadcast message will be less than 82 octets. Part of the broadcast message (serving and neighbour base station coordinates) may be ciphered. + +The contents of the broadcast message for the E-OTD and A-GNSS assistance data is described in 3GPP TS 44.035 [16]. The support for these broadcast messages is optional for network and MS. + +The broadcast channel which is used to broadcast the E-OTD and A-GNSS assistance data make use of the existing basic or extended CBCH and SMSCB DRX service. The LCS broadcast messages need to be either scheduled, or prioritised over other broadcast messages to avoid any delay. + +#### 9.4.6.1 Point-To-Multipoint Assistance Data Broadcast Flow + +This signalling flow is generic for MS Based E-OTD, MS Based A-GNSS and MS Assisted A-GNSS methods. The E-OTD/A-GNSS Assistance Data Broadcast Message is created in SMLC and the whole message including the ciphered parts and parameters to control the transfer are transferred with below flow from SMLC to MS. SMSCB DRX service is used for LCS assistance data broadcast. Prior receiving the first schedule message MS should read first block of each + +message lot to be able to receive the LCS Broadcast Data or the schedule message. After receiving the schedule message MS should receive the LCS Broadcast Data messages according the schedule information. + +![Sequence diagram showing the E-OTD/A-GNSS Broadcast Data Flow between CBC, SMLC, BSC, BTS, and MS. The flow consists of four steps: 1. SMLC sends LCS Broadcast Data to CBC; 2. SMSCB messages are exchanged between CBC, BSC, and BTS; 3. CBC sends an LCS Broadcast Data Response to SMLC; 4. BTS sends an LCS Broadcast Data message to MS.](0a06de972d61ab9bb901bd74dd4ff51f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant CBC + participant BSC + participant BTS + participant MS + Note right of BSC: 2. SMSCB messages between CBC – BSC – BTS described in 3GPP TS 23.041 + SMLC->>CBC: 1. LCS Broadcast Data(data & parameters) + Note left of MS: 4. LCS Broadcast Data(data) message from BTS to MS described in 3GPP TS 23.041 + CBC->>SMLC: 3. LCS Broadcast Data Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the E-OTD/A-GNSS Broadcast Data Flow between CBC, SMLC, BSC, BTS, and MS. The flow consists of four steps: 1. SMLC sends LCS Broadcast Data to CBC; 2. SMSCB messages are exchanged between CBC, BSC, and BTS; 3. CBC sends an LCS Broadcast Data Response to SMLC; 4. BTS sends an LCS Broadcast Data message to MS. + +**Figure 33: E-OTD/A-GNSS Broadcast Data Flow** + +- 1) SMLC sends the complete broadcast message to CBC with LCS Broadcast Data message. This LCS Broadcast Data message contains the data to be broadcasted as well as parameters that indicate to which BTS the broadcast message is targeted and what time the broadcast should happen. LCS Broadcast Data (data & parameters) message may also contain the SMSCB scheduling information which can be utilised for the SMSCB DRX feature specified in 3GPP TS 44.012 [13] specification. SMSCB DRX operation is required in order that MS performance can be optimised. +- 2) CBC starts message transfer to BSC and BTS according to 3GPP TS 23.041 [6]. +- 3) LCS Broadcast Data Response message from CBC to SMLC is used to indicate that the LCS Broadcast Data has been delivered. This message is not mandatory. +- 4) BTS starts the message transfer to MS according to 3GPP TS 23.041 [6]. + +Implementations that have SMLC and/or CBC integrated into BSC may use other message signalling. + +#### 9.4.6.2 Ciphering + +In order for the operators to control the access to the assistance data, parts of the broadcast data may be ciphered. Ciphering is done with a specific key delivered by the network for this purpose. The deciphering keys may be requested by the MS as described in 3GPP TS 23.271 [7]. The LCS Broadcast Data, when ciphered, will be partially ciphered according to the LCS broadcast message definitions specified in 3GPP TS 44.035 [16]. The parts that will be ciphered in E-OTD LCS Broadcast Data message are neighbour RTD values, serving and neighbour BTS coordinates. For A-GNSS, all assistance data may be ciphered. The MS is capable to decipher the broadcast message (ciphered parts) using the cipher key (56 bits) delivered from the Core Network to MS and using the Ciphering Serial Number (16 bits) included in the broadcast message. + +##### 9.4.6.2.1 Algorithm + +The algorithm used for ciphering is the standard 56-bit DES algorithm. The deciphering of broadcast messages is done in the MS. SMLC ciphers the LCS Broadcast Data message (part of message is ciphered) using the deciphering keys (56 bits) and Ciphering Serial Number (16 bits) included in broadcast message using 56-bit DES algorithm. + +The ciphered part is variable length with one bit resolution. From LCS Broadcast Data message header MS can compute what part of message is ciphered. + +Inputs to the 56-bit DES algorithm are the following: + +- 56-bit key K (deciphering key); + +- 16-bit Ciphering Serial Number from broadcast message which is denoted here by IV (initialisation vector); +- plaintext bits (the ciphered part of broadcast message). + +Encryption is done by producing a mask bit stream which is then added bit-by-bit to the plaintext data (XOR-operation) to obtain the cipher text data. First IV is concatenated with 0-bits in order to achieve a 64-bit block $I_1$ . This block is then encrypted by the DES algorithm using the key $K$ . Output is a 64-bit block $I_2$ . This constitutes the first 64 bits of the mask bit stream. If the message is longer than 64 bits, then more bits are needed. Those are produced by encrypting $I_2$ again by the DES algorithm using the key $K$ . Output is a 64-bit block $I_3$ . This constitutes the next 64 bits of the mask bit stream. This iteration is continued until enough bits are produced. The unnecessary bits from the last 64-bit block $I_j$ are discarded. Below figure describes the first two mask bit generations and the two ciphered 64-bit blocks. + +![Diagram of the Ciphering Algorithm showing the flow from input blocks through DES and XOR operations to produce ciphered blocks.](1033dc9fde75540d224c907681b1b7aa_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the ciphering algorithm process. It starts with an input block $I_1$ , which is a 64-bit block consisting of a 16-bit 'Ciphering Serial Number' and 48 'Fill Bits'. This block, along with a 56-bit 'Ciphering Key' $K$ , is input to a 'DES' (Data Encryption Standard) block. The output of the first DES block is a 64-bit block $I_2$ , labeled as the '1st Mask Bit Stream (64 bits)'. This mask stream is then input to an 'XOR' block along with the '1st 64-bit block of the broadcast message to be ciphered'. The output of this XOR block is the '1st 64-bit ciphered block to the broadcast message'. This ciphered block is then fed into a second 'DES' block (indicated by a dashed circle). The output of this second DES block is a 64-bit block $I_3$ , labeled as the '2nd Mask Bit Stream (64 bits)'. This second mask stream is input to a second 'XOR' block (also indicated by a dashed circle) along with the '2nd 64-bit block of the broadcast message to be ciphered'. The final output is the '2nd 64-bit ciphered block to the broadcast message'. Dashed lines indicate feedback loops from the output of one stage to the input of the next DES block. + +Diagram of the Ciphering Algorithm showing the flow from input blocks through DES and XOR operations to produce ciphered blocks. + +**Figure 34 : Ciphering Algorithm** + +Decryption is done similarly. The same mask bit stream is produced. This time the mask stream bits are added bit-by-bit (XORed) to the ciphertext data bits. The result will be the plain text data. + +#### 9.4.6.3 Deciphering key control and delivery to MS + +The deciphering keys are needed in MS if the LCS Broadcast Data (ciphered parts) is ciphered. The deciphering keys' control system contains two keys (the Current Deciphering Key and the Next Deciphering Key) and the Ciphering Key Flag (indicating the current Ciphering Key Flag state in the location area in the time that the deciphering key set is delivered from SMLC to MS). Two Deciphering Keys are needed in order to overcome the problem of unsynchronised nature of the periodic location updates that MSs make in the location area. The SMLC controls the keys and there are following requirements related to the deciphering keys: + +- Deciphering Key Set (Current and Next Deciphering Key, Ciphering Key Flag) are always location area specific. +- One SMLC controls the deciphering key set changes inside the location area and in case several SMLCs in the location area then one coordinating SMLC for the deciphering key set control must be nominated. The SMLC configuration is done with O&M procedures. +- The coordinating SMLC delivers the new deciphering key set to the other SMLCs with SMLCPP protocol when the deciphering key set changes. The Ciphering Key Flag in the LCS Broadcast Data message is changed only + +when the coordinating SMLC changes the deciphering key set and delivers the new set to other SMLCs in the same location area. + +- The SMLCs upon receiving the new deciphering key set, start using immediately the new set in the LCS Broadcast Data message. The coordinating SMLC also starts using the new set same time. + +The deciphering key set changes always following way when the new set is generated: + +- The Next Deciphering Key comes to the Current Deciphering Key in the new set. +- One new key is taken into use and named as the Next Deciphering Key. +- The Ciphering Key Flag changes the state. + +The Ciphering Key Flag controls the MS key usage (Current/Next Deciphering Key) as follows: + +- After receiving the new deciphering key set, MS starts using the new set immediately. +- The Ciphering Key Flag in the LCS Broadcast Data message and the one received returned to the MS should have same polarity. This means that MS starts using the Current Deciphering Key immediately. +- When the Ciphering Key Flag state changes in the LCS Broadcast Data message then MS starts to use the Next Deciphering Key for deciphering the broadcast message. The Next Deciphering Key becomes now the Current Deciphering Key in MS. + +Figure 35 describes the deciphering key delivery mechanism. + +![Figure 35: Deciphering key delivery. A sequence diagram showing the delivery of decryption keys A, B, and C over time. The diagram is divided into three vertical sections: 'Decryption key A', 'Decryption key B', and 'Decryption key C'. Each section contains a series of boxes representing 'MS 1 requests deciphering keys', 'MS 2 requests deciphering keys', and 'MS 3 requests deciphering keys'. Arrows point from these boxes down to a horizontal timeline labeled 'time'. Below the timeline, three brackets indicate delivery periods: 'Decryption keys A and are delivered', 'Decryption keys B and are delivered', and 'Decryption keys C and are delivered'.](7dfd8dd318dcfc36eaf4c967ddfb94c1_img.jpg) + +Figure 35: Deciphering key delivery. A sequence diagram showing the delivery of decryption keys A, B, and C over time. The diagram is divided into three vertical sections: 'Decryption key A', 'Decryption key B', and 'Decryption key C'. Each section contains a series of boxes representing 'MS 1 requests deciphering keys', 'MS 2 requests deciphering keys', and 'MS 3 requests deciphering keys'. Arrows point from these boxes down to a horizontal timeline labeled 'time'. Below the timeline, three brackets indicate delivery periods: 'Decryption keys A and are delivered', 'Decryption keys B and are delivered', and 'Decryption keys C and are delivered'. + +**Figure 35: Deciphering key delivery** + +- First the key A is the Current Deciphering Key and key B is the Next Deciphering Key. +- When the SMLC changes to use the key B (Next Deciphering Key) then the Deciphering Key Flag state is changed in the LCS Broadcast Data message. At this point the coordinating SMLC delivers the new deciphering key set to other SMLCs in the same location area as well as to MS when MS is requesting the keys during the location update (IMSI Attach, Normal or Periodic Location Update). +- The new deciphering key set contains now key B as the Current Deciphering Key, key C as new Next Deciphering Key and the Ciphering Key Flag currently in use in that location area. + +- When the SMLC changes to use the key C (Next Deciphering Key) then the Ciphering Key Flag state is changed in the LCS Broadcast Data message. At this point the coordinating SMLC delivers the new deciphering key set to other SMLCs in same location area as well as to MS when MS is requesting the new set during the location update (IMSI Attach, Normal or Periodic Location Update). +- The new deciphering key set contains now key C as the Current Deciphering Key, key D as new Next Deciphering Key and the Ciphering Key Flag currently in use in that location area. + +The process continues as above when the keys are changed. The lifetime of one key (Current/Next Ciphering Key) is minimum one periodic location update period used in the location area. + +## 9.5 U-TDOA Positioning Procedures + +### 9.5.0 General + +Following the receipt of a location request message from the BSC, the U-TDOA capable SMLC interrogates the BSS for the RF channel information associated with the MS to be located. The SMLC uses this information to task the LMUs at the serving and surrounding cells. The LMUs are tasked to measure the identified RF channel(s) and thus provide a time reference from different LMUs. The time-of-arrival information from the tasked LMUs is returned to the SMLC where the MS location is calculated. + +### 9.5.1 U-TDOA Positioning in CS Domain for A/Gb-mode + +#### 9.5.1.1 General Procedures + +The U-TDOA location method uses the uplink energy transmitted by an MS to make a location determination. If the MS was in the dedicated mode, carrying subscriber traffic prior to the beginning of the location process, the energy associated with this subscriber traffic can be used to locate the MS. If the MS was placed in the dedicated mode by the MSC specifically for location determination purposes, either the SDCCH or TCH can be used for U-TDOA location purposes. + +#### 9.5.1.2 CS U-TDOA Messages and Procedures on the Lb Interface + +The following section describes the positioning procedure for CS U-TDOA location determination on the Lb interface. + +![Sequence diagram of CS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure between SMLC and BSC](9dd03da031e134bfc9ecc730dd5f6583_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + Note right of BSC: 3.) BSC initiates power-up procedures + SMLC->>BSC: 1.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Request + BSC-->>SMLC: 2.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Response +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction between the SMLC and the BSC for CS U-TDOA positioning. It starts with a box labeled '3.) BSC initiates power-up procedures' at the bottom right. Above it, an arrow labeled '1.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Request' points from the SMLC to the BSC. Below that, an arrow labeled '2.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Response' points from the BSC back to the SMLC. The SMLC and BSC are represented by boxes at the top of their respective lifelines. + +Sequence diagram of CS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure between SMLC and BSC + +Figure 36: CS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure + +1. The SMLC sends a BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the BSC that contains the embedded BSSLAP U-TDOA Request message. The U-TDOA Request message may contain the delta timer value. The BSC starts the delta timer, received or internal, immediately after sending the U-TDOA Response + +message to the SMLC. The purpose of this timer is to define the maximum time during which the BSC supervises the location request. + +2. The BSC sends a BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the SMLC that contains the embedded BSSLAP U-TDOA Response message. The U-TDOA Response message contains the physical channel information (frequencies, hopping sequence, channel type, time slot, sub-channel number, etc.), the intended Power-Up Starting Time (if the power-up procedure for U-TDOA is supported), the MS power, the cell identifier, and the TA. If frequency hopping is used, the U-TDOA Response message also includes the frequency list. The U-TDOA Response message also contains the ciphering key (Kc) if ciphering is used on the air interface and the version of the applied A5 ciphering algorithm (A5/x). The Kc is ciphered if sent from the SMLC to any LMU. The SMLC and any LMU with which it interacts shall also be mutually authenticated. These requirements shall be met using a security mechanism meeting the capabilities of the Zb interface of NDS/IP (TS 33.210) or TLS (RFC 2246). The LMU installation shall meet the same physical security requirements as a BTS installation. For locations on channels that are not ciphered, the algorithm identifier will show the same. +3. If the power-up procedure for U-TDOA is supported, the BSC may use the normal power-control command to order the MS to go to the maximum power allowed by the BTS. After the MS has been at full power for a period of one second, the BSC shall return to normal power-control. During the time the MS is ordered to the maximum power, the BSC may temporarily suspend uplink DTX, if in use. + +#### 9.5.1.3 RR Procedure effecting the CS U-TDOA channel description + +The location determination process is not an instantaneous event and it can take a few seconds to collect and calculate location determination related data. If changes happen to the last reported channel description and the location determination is not complete, an updated channel description needs to be sent to the SMLC. + +The BSC considers the location determinations complete if; it receives a BSSAP-LE Perform Location response message; or the delta timer expires; or it receives a valid BSSLAP message for a new positioning method. + +The RR procedures that effect the U-TDOA channel description are listed in Table 9.5.1. The “Treatment” column lists the appropriate BSSLAP message to be sent by the BSC to the SMLC. The Reset message is defined in 3GPP TS 48.071 and shall contain the updated channel description. After sending the Reset message the BSC shall restart the delta timer and continue supervision of the location request. + +**Table 9.5.1: RR Procedures affecting the CS U-TDOA channel description** + +| RR Procedure in Dedicated Mode | Treatment | Comments | +|----------------------------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Channel assignment procedure. | Reset | | +| Handover procedures (intra-BSS). | Reset | For successful intra-BSS handover. | +| Frequency redefinition procedure. | Reset | Only meaningful in the case of frequency hopping. | +| Packet request procedure while in dedicated mode. | Reset | For DTM, when an existing CS connection is modified as PS resources are added in order to comply with MS frequency/time domain restrictions. | +| Packet downlink assignment while in dedicated mode | Reset | For DTM, when an existing CS connection is modified as PS resources are added in order to comply with MS frequency/time domain restrictions. | +| Channel mode modify | Reset | | + +If the BSC receives the BSSLAP U-TDOA Request message during one of the identified RR procedures in Table 9.5.1, it will complete the ongoing RR procedure and then respond with the BSSLAP U-TDOA Response message. + +#### 9.5.1.4 BSC Error Handling during CS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure + +There are three (3) BSSLAP messages defined to handle error scenarios that occur during the U-TDOA location process: Reset, Reject and Abort. Please refer to 3GPP TS 48.071 for the messages' details. The BSSLAP Reset message is used to update the U-TDOA channel description as outlined in 9.5.1.3. + +In Table 9.5.2, all identified RR procedures are listed that result in the BSSLAP Abort message to be sent from the BSC to the SMLC. The Abort message is only sent if the U-TDOA location determination is not complete. The BSC considers the location determinations complete if; it receives a BSSAP-LE Perform Location response message; or the delta timer expires; or it receives a valid BSSLAP message for a new positioning method. + +**Table 9.5.2: RR Procedures resulting in BSC Error Handling** + +| RR Procedure in Dedicated Mode | Treatment | +|----------------------------------|-----------| +| Handover procedure (inter-BSS). | Abort | +| Handover to UTRAN procedure. | Abort | +| Handover to CDMA2000 procedure. | Abort | +| RR connection release procedure. | Abort | + +If the BSC receives the BSSLAP U-TDOA Request message during one of the identified RR procedures in Table 9.5.2, it will respond with the BSSLAP Abort message. + +If the BSC is unable to perform the U-TDOA positioning for other reasons than those related to the items listed in Table 9.5.1 and Table 9.5.2, it will respond to the BSSLAP U-TDOA Request message with the BSSLAP Reject message. + +### 9.5.2 U-TDOA Positioning in PS Domain for A/Gb-mode + +#### 9.5.2.1 Introduction + +The U-TDOA location method uses information transmitted by an MS to make a location determination. The initial state of the MS will be identified and will dictate the procedure to be followed in the location process. If the MS was in the packet transfer mode, sending uplink RLC/MAC blocks prior to the beginning of the location process, the energy associated with this continuing uplink data can be used to locate the MS. If the MS was previously idle in the uplink direction and placed in the active state by the SGSN specifically for U-TDOA location determination purposes, it is necessary to cause the MS to send uplink information using the Packet polling procedure (see 3GPP TS 44.060). + +An uplink block of data containing the PACKET CONTROL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT message is equivalent to any other RLC/MAC block for U-TDOA location purposes; i.e. one uplink RLC/MAC block is equivalent to one execution of the Packet polling procedure. This applies only to the lowest numbered timeslot in the case of a multi-slot uplink TBF. The Polling Repetition information element in the U-TDOA Request message defines the total number of RLC/MAC uplink blocks required to achieve the desired location QoS within a recommended period of two seconds, including any PACKET CONTROL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT message received due to the execution of a Packet polling procedure. + +#### 9.5.2.2 General Procedures + +The U-TDOA location method procedures depend on the initial condition of the MS. If the MS is initially in packet idle mode the Packet Polling method shall be applied as described in sub-clause 9.5.2.2.1. When the MS is initially in the packet transfer mode it may or may not be sending uplink data. If the MS is not sending uplink data the Packet polling procedure shall be applied. The application of the U-TDOA location method in the packet transfer mode is described in sub-clause 9.5.2.2.2. + +##### 9.5.2.2.1 MS in packet idle mode + +For an MS that is in packet idle mode, application of the U-TDOA location method requires that a single timeslot downlink TBF be established. This downlink TBF shall be used for repeated executions of the Packet polling procedure + +in order to cause a mobile to transmit for a time sufficient to achieve the requested level of location accuracy. The number of repetitions of the Packet polling procedure required to achieve the desired level of accuracy shall be indicated in the U-TDOA REQUEST message sent from the SMLC to the BSS. + +The BSS shall execute the indicated number of Packet polling procedures after an implementation dependent interval to allow assignment of the Location Measurement Units (LMU) to the indicated ARFCN and timeslot(s). The RRBP field shall be used to schedule the resulting PACKET CONTROL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT messages. The BSS must indicate a PACKET CONTROL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT response containing the TLLI by setting the TYPE OF ACK information element to RLC/MAC control block in all PACKET POLLING REQUEST messages associated with U-TDOA positioning. + +If the MS is allocated an uplink TBF prior to completion of the required number of Packet polling procedures, the BSS may suspend the Packet polling procedure and send a Reset message to the SMLC containing the physical channel information for the allocated uplink TBF. Following sending of a Reset message, the BSS shall reset the Polling Repetition counter to zero and restart the U-TDOA positioning procedure after an implementation dependent interval. + +The downlink TBF established for U-TDOA location purposes should be used if a single timeslot downlink TBF is required during the execution of the U-TDOA location procedure. If a multi-slot downlink TBF is required during the execution of the U-TDOA location procedure, the assignment of this TBF may be delayed until the completion of the U-TDOA location procedure, otherwise the BSS shall send a Reset message to the SMLC and reset the Polling Repetition counter as described previously. + +If both an uplink TBF and a downlink TBF are required during the execution of the U-TDOA location procedure, the Packet polling procedure may be restarted and the uplink RLC/MAC blocks can be used for U-TDOA location as described subsequently. + +##### 9.5.2.2.2 MS in packet transfer mode + +If only a downlink TBF exists it shall be used to execute the Packet polling procedure, on the lowest numbered timeslot transmitted before the last PACKET POLLING REQUEST/PACKET CONTROL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT cycle has been completed, the BSS shall not set the FBI bit in the RLC/MAC header of the last data block. The TBF shall be terminated after the last cycle of the Packet polling procedure using a PACKET TBF RELEASE message from the BSS. If the MS is allocated an uplink TBF prior to completion of the required number of Packet polling procedures, the BSS may suspend the Packet polling procedure and send a Reset message to the SMLC as described in sub-clause 9.5.2.2.1. + +If only an uplink TBF exists and RLC/MAC blocks are available for transmission (on the lowest numbered timeslot for a multi-slot TBF), those blocks shall be used to locate the MS using the U-TDOA location method. If the number of uplink blocks pertaining to the uplink TBF is insufficient to satisfy the requested number of uplink data blocks within an implementation dependent period recommended to be two seconds, the Packet polling procedure shall be executed on the existing uplink TBF for the balance of the requested blocks. The lowest numbered timeslot shall be used for the Packet polling procedure if the existing uplink TBF is a multi-slot TBF. The uplink TBF shall not be terminated until the Packet polling procedures have been completed. + +If both an uplink and downlink TBF exist, either TBF may be used for MS location using the U-TDOA location method as described previously. The TBF should not be terminated until the Packet polling procedures have been completed. + +#### 9.5.2.3 PS U-TDOA Messages and Procedures on the Lb Interface + +The following section describes the positioning procedure for PS U-TDOA location determination on the Lb interface. + +![Sequence diagram showing the PS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure between SMLC and BSC.](22e0e0864e0bf015260feabd4bebec60_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SMLC + participant BSC + SMLC->>BSC: 1.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Request + BSC->>SMLC: 2.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Response + +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of two messages between the SMLC and the BSC. The SMLC sends a '1.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Request' message to the BSC. The BSC responds with a '2.) BSSLAP U-TDOA Response' message back to the SMLC. + +Sequence diagram showing the PS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure between SMLC and BSC. + +**Figure 37: PS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure** + +1. The SMLC sends a BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the BSS that contains the embedded BSSLAP U-TDOA Request message. The U-TDOA Request message contains the required number of received uplink RLC/MAC blocks, repetitions of the RLC/MAC Packet polling request procedure or combination of both. The inclusion of this Polling Repetition information element in the U-TDOA Request message indicates that the location determination shall occur in the PS domain. +2. The BSS sends a BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented Information message to the SMLC that contains the embedded BSSLAP U-TDOA Response message. The U-TDOA Response message contains; the physical channel information (frequencies, time slot, TFI, TLLI, start time, etc.); the MS power; the cell identifier; and the Timing Advance. For MS without an existing uplink or downlink TBF the BSS establishes a downlink TBF, if one does not currently exist. The BSS monitors any uplink TBF until the requested number of RLC/MAC blocks has been received, executes the specified number of Packet polling procedures on the lowest numbered timeslot in the case of a multi-slot TBF or a combination of both as described in sub-clause 9.5.2.1. The BSS releases any downlink TBF established solely for U-TDOA location. + +#### 9.5.2.4 RLC/MAC Procedure affecting the PS U-TDOA TBF description + +The RLC/MAC procedures that effect the U-TDOA channel description are listed in Table 9.5.3. The “Treatment” column lists the message to be sent by the BSS to the SMLC. The Reset message is defined in 3GPP TS 48.071 and shall contain the updated channel description. After sending the Reset message the BSS shall wait for an implementation dependent interval to allow reconfiguration of the LMUs, start the U-TDOA location process from the beginning and continue supervision of the location request. + +**Table 9.5.3: RLC/MAC Procedures affecting the PS U-TDOA channel description** + +| RLC/MAC Procedure | Treatment | Comments | +|-----------------------------|-----------|--------------------------------| +| Packet Timeslot Reconfigure | Reset | | +| Packet Access Reject | Reset | Access retry cases | +| Cell Reselection | Reset | MS originated (intra-BSS) | +| Packet Cell Change Order | Reset | Network originated (intra-BSS) | + +If the BSS receives the BSSLAP U-TDOA Request message during one of the identified RLC/MAC procedures in Table 9.5.3, it will complete the ongoing RLC/MAC procedure and then respond with the BSSLAP U-TDOA Response message. The Reset message must be sent after completion of the listed RLC/MAC procedure if that procedure must be executed during an ongoing U-TDOA location event. + +#### 9.5.2.5 Error Handling during PS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure + +In Table 9.5.4, all identified RLC/MAC procedures are listed that result in the BSSLAP Abort message to be sent from the BSS to the SMLC. The Abort message is only sent if the U-TDOA location determination is not complete. The BSS considers the location determinations complete if; it receives a BSSAP-LE Perform Location response message; or it receives a valid BSSLAP message for a new positioning method. + +**Table 9.5.4: RLC/MAC Procedures resulting in Error Handling** + +| RLC/MAC Procedure | Treatment | Comments | +|--------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------| +| Cell Reselection | Abort | MS originated (inter-BSS) | +| Packet Cell Change Order | Abort | Network originated (inter-BSS) | +| Packet Pause | Abort | | +| Packet Access Reject | Abort | Cases without access retry indication | + +If the BSS is unable to perform the U-TDOA positioning for other reasons than those related to the items listed in Table 9.5.3 and Table 9.5.4, it will respond to the BSSLAP U-TDOA Request message with the BSSLAP Reject message. + +# 10 Information storage + +This clause describes information storage structures that are mandatory (M), conditional (C) or optional (O) for LCS in GERAN, and the recovery and restoration procedures needed to maintain service if inconsistencies in databases occur and for lost or invalid database information. + +## 10.1 SMLC + +### Common Data + +Table 2 holds permanent BTS data: + +**Table 2: Permanent SMLC Data for a BTS** + +| Permanent BTS Data Item | Status | Description | +|-------------------------|--------|------------------------------------------------------| +| BTS position | M | BTS position (latitude/longitude) of the Serving BTS | +| CGI | M | Cell global identity. | +| BSIC | M | Base station identity code. | +| BCCH | M | Frequency of the broadcast carrier. | + +The SMLC holds data for its associated LMUs. The main key to LMU data in the SMLC is the IMSI for a Type A LMU and a cell site identifier for a Type B LMU. LMU data provides the location capabilities of the LMU (e.g. which location and assistance measurements are supported). The following permanent data shall be administered for any LMU. + +**Table 3: Permanent SMLC Data for an LMU** + +| Permanent LMU Data Item | Status | Description | +|----------------------------------|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Type of LMU | M | Indicates if LMU is Type A or Type B | +| IMSI | C | Main key to data for a Type A LMU. Not applicable to a Type B LMU | +| LAC + CI | C | Cell site identifier to address a Type B LMU. Not applicable to a Type A LMU. | +| Signaling Access | M | Information regarding signalling access to the LMU including the following:
  • - address of default serving BSC
  • - SS7 link set to serving BSC (or to an intermediate STP)
| +| Serving Cell | M | Identity of the cell in which the LMU is physically located | +| Geographic location | C | Latitude/longitude coordinates
Storage of coordinates is mandatory for E-OTD if an LMU is not co-located with a BTS | +| Position measurement functions | O | List of supported position measurements
For each type of position measurement, a list of associated capabilities – details are outside the scope of the present document | +| Assistance measurement functions | O | List of supported assistance measurements
For each type of assistance measurement, a list of associated capabilities – details are outside the scope of the present document | +| Diagnostic functions | O | List of supported diagnostic functions – details are outside the scope of the present document | + +The SMLC also holds the following temporary data for each LMU for which there has been any previous signalling interaction. + +**Table 4: Temporary SMLC Data for an LMU** + +| Temporary LMU Data Item | Status | Description | +|--------------------------------|---------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Position Measurements | O | Ongoing and scheduled position measurements ordered in the LMU by the SMLC – details are outside the scope of the present document | +| Assistance Measurements | O | Ongoing and scheduled assistance measurements ordered by the SMLC – details are outside the scope of the present document | +| O&M Activities | O | Ongoing and scheduled O&M activities ordered in the LMU by the SMLC – details are outside the scope of the present document | + +An LMU contains no mandatory data regarding its associated SMLC. An LMU shall contain permanent data regarding its measurement and O&M capabilities and may contain pre-administered data regarding location assistance measurements and O&M activities that the LMU is to perform without the need for any command from the SMLC. The content of such location measurement and O&M related data is outside the scope of the present document. + +## 10.2 Recovery and Restoration Procedures + +The LCS recovery and restoration procedures allow temporary data to be recovered or re-initialized following loss or corruption of data, such that normal LCS service is rapidly restored and inconsistency between the data held by different LCS network elements is removed. For a full description, refer to 3GPP TS 23.007 [4]. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|------------|-----------|------|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG GERAN# | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2001-04 | 04 | GP-010942 | | | Version for Release 4 | | 4.0.0 | +| 2001-06 | 05 | GP-010988 | 001 | | LCS error handling (Inter-BSC Handover) | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | +| 2001-06 | 05 | GP-011308 | 007 | | Geographic Shape Restriction | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | +| 2001-08 | 06 | GP-011935 | 010 | 2 | Correct Faulty References to the BSSAP-LE and RR Specifications | 4.1.0 | 4.2.0 | +| 2001-08 | 06 | GP-011905 | 011 | | Update of GERAN LCS Stage 2 for Release 5 | 4.2.0 | 5.0.0 | +| 2001-11 | 07 | GP-012836 | 012 | 3 | Inter NSE Cell Change for LCS for GPRS | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| 2001-11 | 07 | GP-011993 | 014 | | Clean-up CR for LCS for GPRS | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| 2001-11 | 07 | GP-011998 | 016 | | Correction of Inconsistent Text | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| 2001-11 | 07 | GP-012210 | 018 | | Error Handling for E-OTD and GPS | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| 2001-11 | 07 | GP-012822 | 019 | 1 | Use of TOM signaling to support LCS for Gb Mode | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| 2001-11 | 07 | GP-012280 | 021 | | Editorial revision definition section for TS 43.059 | 5.0.0 | 5.1.0 | +| 2002-02 | 08 | GP-020039 | 023 | | TOM Protocol Header Definition for LCS for GPRS | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| 2002-02 | 08 | GP-020437 | 025 | 1 | Informing an SMLC of a change in the LAC for LCS using BSSLAP | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| 2002-02 | 08 | GP-020493 | 026 | 2 | Stage 2 Updates for Iu Mode LCS | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | +| 2002-04 | 09 | GP-021215 | 027 | 1 | Corrections to LCS Stage 2 for Release 5 | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| 2002-04 | 09 | GP-020621 | 028 | | Inclusion of PTP BVCI for Positioning Procedure over the Gb Interface | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| 2002-04 | 09 | GP-021127 | 030 | 1 | Correction of timing when SMLC enters LOCATION state | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| 2002-04 | 09 | GP-021225 | 031 | 2 | LCS Stage 2 Corrections | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| 2002-04 | 09 | GP-020998 | 032 | | Correction of MS-SMLC Information Transfer Description | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | +| 2003-04 | 14 | GP-031064 | 037 | 8 | Inclusion of U-TDOA location method | 5.3.0 | 6.0.0 | +| 2003-06 | 15 | GP-031657 | 038 | 1 | Inclusion of RR Procedures and enhancement of the Reset procedure for U-TDOA | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2003-11 | 17 | GP-032501 | 042 | | Inclusion of Channel Mode Modify RR Procedures for U-TDOA calls | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2004-04 | 19 | GP-040634 | 043 | 3 | Removal of emergency services client type restriction for the U-TDOA location method | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| 2004-04 | 19 | GP-040683 | 050 | 1 | Alignment of GERAN location request procedure to UTRAN | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| 2004-11 | 22 | GP-042330 | 051 | 9 | Inclusion of PS functionality for U-TDOA location method | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| 2004-11 | 22 | GP-042701 | 054 | 1 | Correction to add U-TDOA reference to Cell Change for the PS Domain sub-clause | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| 2005-04 | 24 | GP-050766 | 055 | | Enabling the Providing of Velocity | 6.4.0 | 7.0.0 | +| 2005-06 | 25 | GP-051778 | 059 | 1 | Providing IMSI and IMEI to the SMLC in positioning procedures | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| 2006-04 | 29 | GP-060928 | 0064 | 1 | Correction of State Update Procedure | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| 2006-04 | 29 | GP-060870 | 0068 | 1 | Inclusion of Support for SIGTRAN on Lb-interface | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| 2006-04 | 29 | GP-060984 | 0069 | 4 | Introduction of A-GNSS | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| 2007-05 | 34 | GP-070780 | 0071 | | Addition of Positioning Capability Transfer using RRLP | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | +| 2007-11 | 36 | GP-072003 | 0072 | 6 | U-TDOA Enhancement WI modification to procedure for receipt of U-TDOA Request message | 7.3.0 | 8.0.0 | +| 2008-08 | 39 | GP-081345 | 0075 | 1 | Support for additional navigation satellite systems | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| 2009-11 | 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@@ -0,0 +1,3354 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 6 | +| 1 Scope..... | 7 | +| 2 References..... | 7 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 8 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 8 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 9 | +| 4 Main concepts ..... | 9 | +| 4.1 Group definition ..... | 9 | +| 4.2 Broadcast process..... | 10 | +| 4.2.1 Broadcast call initiation ..... | 10 | +| 4.2.1.1 Normal operation with successful outcome..... | 10 | +| 4.2.1.2 Exceptional procedures..... | 11 | +| 4.2.2 On-going broadcast calls ..... | 11 | +| 4.2.2.1 Normal operation with successful outcome..... | 11 | +| 4.2.2.2 Exceptional procedures..... | 12 | +| 4.2.3 Leaving of a broadcast call without termination ..... | 12 | +| 4.2.4 Broadcast call termination..... | 12 | +| 4.2.5 Acknowledgements ..... | 12 | +| 4.2.6 Transactions between the mobile station and the network..... | 12 | +| 4.2.7 Processing of originator-to-dispatcher information..... | 12 | +| 5 General architecture ..... | 13 | +| 5.1 Group Call Register (GCR)..... | 13 | +| 5.2 Voice broadcast call responsibility ..... | 18 | +| 5.3 RANflex configuration with group call redundancy..... | 18 | +| 5.3.1 MSC selection in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy ..... | 18 | +| 5.3.2 GCR synchronization in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy ..... | 19 | +| 5.3.3 GCR Restoration in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy ..... | 19 | +| 6 Compatibility issues..... | 19 | +| 7 Transmission ..... | 20 | +| 7.1 Transmission architecture ..... | 20 | +| 7.1a Transmission architecture – A interface circuit sharing..... | 20 | +| 7.1a.1 Transmission architecture – general..... | 20 | +| 7.1a.2 Transmission architecture – control plane..... | 20 | +| 7.1a.3 Transmission architecture – user plane ..... | 20 | +| 7.1b Transmission architecture – A interface link sharing..... | 21 | +| 7.1b.1 Transmission architecture – general..... | 21 | +| 7.1b.2 Transmission architecture – control plane..... | 21 | +| 7.1b.3 Transmission architecture – user plane ..... | 21 | +| 7.2 Radio channels ..... | 21 | +| 7.3 Data confidentiality ..... | 22 | +| 8 Information storage ..... | 23 | +| 8.1 Information stored in the GCR..... | 23 | +| 8.1.1 Information used for routing of service subscriber originated voice broadcast calls ..... | 23 | +| 8.1.2 Static Broadcast call attributes ..... | 24 | +| 8.1.2.1 Group call area..... | 25 | +| 8.1.2.2 Dispatcher identities ..... | 25 | +| 8.1.2.3 Priorities..... | 25 | +| 8.1.3 Transient Group Call Attributes ..... | 25 | +| 8.1.3.0 General..... | 25 | +| 8.1.3.1 Group Call Status Information..... | 25 | +| 8.1.3.2 Initial Talker Information ..... | 26 | +| 8.2 Information managed per subscriber..... | 26 | +| 8.2.1 Stored in the HLR..... | 26 | +| 8.2.2 Stored in the VLR..... | 26 | + +| | | | +|------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 8.2.3 | Stored in the SIM..... | 26 | +| 8.2.3a | Stored in the USIM..... | 26 | +| 8.3 | Information used for routing of dispatcher originated broadcast calls..... | 27 | +| 9 | Identities..... | 27 | +| 9.1 | Elementary identities for broadcast calls ..... | 27 | +| 9.2 | Use of identities in the network..... | 28 | +| 10 | Operation and maintenance aspects ..... | 30 | +| 11 | Function and information flows..... | 30 | +| 11.1 | Broadcast function management..... | 30 | +| 11.2 | Group membership management ..... | 30 | +| 11.3 | Call management..... | 30 | +| 11.3.1 | Call establishment ..... | 30 | +| 11.3.1.1 | Service subscriber call establishment ..... | 30 | +| 11.3.1.1.1 | Initial stage ..... | 30 | +| 11.3.1.1.2 | Establishment of the transmission means..... | 32 | +| 11.3.1.1.3 | Release of the dedicated transmission means of mobile stations responding to a notification | 33 | +| 11.3.1.2 | Dispatcher call establishment ..... | 33 | +| 11.3.1.3 | Notification procedures..... | 34 | +| 11.3.1.4 | Destination service subscribers..... | 36 | +| 11.3.1.5 | Destination dispatchers ..... | 36 | +| 11.3.2 | Call release ..... | 36 | +| 11.3.2.1 | Call termination by the calling subscriber ..... | 36 | +| 11.3.2.2 | Call termination by dispatchers ..... | 36 | +| 11.3.3 | Leaving of a dispatcher ..... | 36 | +| 11.3.4 | Leaving and returning to a voice broadcast call of a service subscriber ..... | 37 | +| 11.3.5 | Cell change ..... | 37 | +| 11.3.5.1 | Listening subscriber ..... | 37 | +| 11.3.5.2 | Calling service subscriber..... | 37 | +| 11.3.5.3 | Dispatcher ..... | 37 | +| 11.3.6 | New calls ..... | 37 | +| 11.3.7 | Uplink transmission management ..... | 38 | +| 11.3.7a | Signalling procedures for the user plane ..... | 38 | +| 11.3.7a.1 | Broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS ..... | 38 | +| 11.3.8 | Overview of signalling ..... | 38 | +| 11.4 | Functional requirement of Anchor- MSC ..... | 62 | +| 11.5 | Functional requirement of Relay- MSC..... | 69 | +| 11.5A | Functional requirement of group call serving MSC (within a RANflex pool) ..... | 74 | +| 11.5B | Functional requirement of VMSC (within a RANflex pool) ..... | 77 | +| 11.6 | Functional requirement of GCR..... | 80 | +| 11.7 | Functional requirement of VLR ..... | 90 | +| 12 | Content of messages..... | 92 | +| 12.1 | Messages on the B interface (MSC-VLR) ..... | 92 | +| 12.1.1 | Allocate Group Call Number..... | 92 | +| 12.1.2 | Allocate Group Call Number ack ..... | 92 | +| 12.1.3 | Allocate Group Call Number negative response ..... | 93 | +| 12.1.4 | Release Group Call Number..... | 93 | +| 12.2 | Messages on the E interface (MSC-MSC) ..... | 93 | +| 12.2.1 | Prepare Group Call ..... | 93 | +| 12.2.2 | Prepare Group Call ack ..... | 93 | +| 12.2.3 | Prepare Group Call negative response..... | 93 | +| 12.2.4 | Send Group Call End Signal..... | 94 | +| 12.2.5 | Send Group Call Info..... | 94 | +| 12.2.6 | Send Group Call Info ack..... | 94 | +| 12.2.7 | Send Group Call Info negative response ..... | 94 | +| 12.3 | Messages on the I interface (MSC-GCR) ..... | 95 | +| 12.3.1 | GCR Interrogation ..... | 95 | +| 12.3.2 | GCR Interrogation ack ..... | 96 | +| 12.3.3 | GCR interrogation negative response..... | 97 | +| 12.3.4 | Call released ..... | 97 | + +- 12.4 Messages on the GCR - GCR interface.....97 + - 12.4.1 Sync GCR.....97 + - 12.4.2 Sync GCR ack .....97 + - 12.4.3 Sync GCR negative response .....97 +- 13 List of system parameters .....98 + - 13.1 Timers.....98 + - 13.1.1 Txx.....98 + - 13.1.2 Tast .....98 + - 13.1.3 T3.....98 +- Annex A (informative): Change History.....99 + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the stage 2 description of the Voice Broadcast Service (VBS) which allows the distribution of speech (or other signals which can be transmitted via the speech codec), generated by a service subscriber, into a predefined geographical area to all or a group of service subscribers located in this area. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] Void +- [1a] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 42.009(Rel-4): "Security aspects". +- [3] 3GPP TS 42.069: "Voice Broadcast Service (VBS); Stage 1". +- [4] 3GPP TS 43.020: "Security related network functions". +- [5] 3GPP TS 43.022: "Functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode". +- [6] 3GPP TS 23.067: "enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-emption service (eMLPP); Stage 2". +- [7] 3GPP TS 44.018: "Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Radio Resource Control Protocol". +- [8] 3GPP TS 45.008: "Radio subsystem link control". +- [9] 3GPP TS 48.008: "Mobile-services Switching Centre - Base Station System (MSC - BSS) interface layer 3 specification". +- [10] ITU-T Recommendation E.164: "The international public telecommunication numbering plan". +- [11] 3GPP TS 44.069: "Broadcast Call Control (BCC) protocol". +- [12] 3GPP TS 22.083: "Call Waiting (CW) and Call Hold (HOLD) supplementary services; Stage 1". +- [13] 3GPP TS 29.002: "Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification". +- [14] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile radio interface Layer 3 specification; Core network protocols; Stage 3". +- [15] 3GPP TS 23.236: "Intra-domain connection of Radio Access Network (RAN) nodes to multiple Core Network (CN) nodes". +- [16] 3GPP TS 28.062: "Inband Tandem Free Operation (TFO) of Speech Codecs; Service Description; Stage 3". + +# 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 42.069 and the following apply: + +**Broadcast call attributes:** group call area, dispatcher identities + +**Group call anchor MSC:** the MSC responsible for managing and maintaining a particular voice broadcast call. The group call anchor MSC is determined as the one controlling the cells of the group call area (see also group call relay MSC). For a voice broadcast call where the group call area exceeds an MSC area, the group call anchor MSC is predefined in the network. In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool (instead of a group call anchor MSC) is predefined in a network for a given voice broadcast call. + +**Group members:** service subscribers entitled to belong to a particular group classified by a certain group identification (group ID) + +**Group Call Register (GCR):** functionality in the network containing the broadcast call attributes + +**group call serving MSC:** In a RANflex configuration the group call serving MSC of a location area is a group call anchor MSC or a group call relay MSC that controls the group call signalling for this location area. A location area within the pool area has a unique group call serving MSC, or - in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy - a unique group call serving MSC redundancy pool. For a given broadcast call at any location, the group call serving MSC is either the anchor MSC or one of the relay MSCs controlling the broadcast call. For a service subscriber located in this location area the visited MSC may be different from the location area's group call serving MSC. + +In a RANflex configuration all location areas within a BSC service area are assigned to the same group call serving MSC. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy all location areas within a BSC service area are assigned to the same group call serving MSC redundancy pool. + +**Group call relay MSC:** the MSC controlling cells of a group call area which are not under control of the group call anchor MSC for those voice broadcast services where the group call area exceeds one MSC area. For a voice broadcast call where the group area exceeds one MSC area, the address of the group call relay MSC is pre-configured in the anchor MSC's GCR. In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy this preconfigured address identifies a group call relay MSC redundancy pool (instead of a group call relay MSC). + +**group call serving MSC redundancy pool:** A pool of group call serving MSCs each of which can take the same role for a given broadcast call (anchor /relay) and serve the same location areas within a RANflex pool area with broadcast call services. For a given voice broadcast call a location area's group call serving MSC redundancy pool is either the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool or one of the group call relay MSC redundancy pools. + +**group call anchor MSC redundancy pool:** A group call serving MSC redundancy pool. Each MSC within the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool can take the role of the group call anchor MSC for a given broadcast call. For a given instance of a voice broadcast call one group call anchor MSC is selected from the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool. + +**group call relay MSC redundancy pool:** A group call serving MSC redundancy pool. Each MSC within the group call relay MSC redundancy pool can take the role of the group call relay MSC for a given broadcast call. For a given instance of a voice broadcast call one group call relay MSC is selected from every relevant group call relay MSC redundancy pool. + +**Notification:** notifications are given on common channels or dedicated channels in order to inform group members which are either in idle mode or in dedicated mode or participating in a voice group call or broadcast call on the existence of voice broadcast calls + +**Notification CHannel (NCH):** Common control channel on which the notifications are sent by the network (equivalent to a paging channel). + +**Originator-to-dispatcher information:** information sent by the service subscriber originating a voice broadcast call to the network during call setup for distribution to the dispatchers to be attached to the voice broadcast call during call + +**RANflex configuration:** A network configuration that allows a location area to be served by multiple MSCs in parallel. For details see 3GPP TS 23.236 [15]. In a RANflex configuration a given location area is associated with a single group call serving MSC. There is no support of group call redundancy. + +**RANflex configuration with group call redundancy:** A RANflex configuration where a given location area is associated with a group call serving MSC redundancy pool (instead of with a single group call serving MSC). For a given voice broadcast call a location area's group call serving MSC redundancy pool may be a group call anchor MSC redundancy pool or a group call relay MSC redundancy pool. + +**Voice broadcast call member:** any group member or dispatcher participating in an on going voice broadcast call + +**Voice broadcast channel:** downlink to be allocated in each cell of the group call area for a particular voice broadcast call + +All mobile stations of the destination subscriber being service subscribers in one cell shall listen to the common downlink. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TR 21.905 and the following apply: + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------------| +| AMR | Adaptive Multi-Rate | +| CC | Country Code | +| EFR | Enhanced Full Rate | +| eMLPP | enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-emption | +| GCR | Group Call Register | +| NCH | Notification Channel | +| NDC | National Destination Code | +| SN | Subscriber Number | +| VBS | Voice Broadcast Service | +| VGCS | Voice Group Call Service | + +# --- 4 Main concepts + +## 4.1 Group definition + +Service subscribers can become group members on a PLMN wide basis to one or more groups pre-defined in the network by a corresponding group identification (group ID). The membership enables them to receive voice broadcast calls associated with that group ID. In addition, certain group members are entitled by their subscription to initiate voice broadcast calls. Certain dispatchers connected to external networks also require the capability to initiate or receive voice broadcast calls. + +In addition to subscriber details in the HLR, it is necessary for the mobile station to be aware of its group membership by storing details on the SIM/USIM. This is required because it shall respond to notification messages which include only the group ID (i.e. no IMSI or TMSI details). + +Having become a group member, each service subscriber can set to active state or deactive state the group ID or any one out of his several group IDs on the SIM/USIM. In active state the subscriber can initiate voice broadcast calls to that group ID. When in deactive state the subscriber can not make voice broadcast calls to the group and the mobile station ignores any notification for that group ID. + +If no NCH is defined in the cell, mobiles shall assume VBS service is not available on that cell. + +## 4.2 Broadcast process + +### 4.2.1 Broadcast call initiation + +#### 4.2.1.1 Normal operation with successful outcome + +A group call area can exceed one MSC area. In a RANflex configuration (with or without group call redundancy) a group call area can be restricted to a single pool area or can exceed one pool area. + +A voice broadcast call shall be initiated by a calling service subscriber by a related input function, e.g. via MMI, specifying the selected service and the group ID dialled or by a calling dispatcher by the MSISDN address (see subclause 9.2). As an option, the request of the calling service subscriber to set up a voice broadcast call may specify information to be sent as originator-to-dispatcher information to the network; in this case the originator-to-dispatcher information is included in the signalling for call setup from the mobile station to the network. It is the responsibility of the input function to ensure that the originator-to-dispatcher information has a correct format (in particular, an allowed length). + +The MSC in which the voice broadcast call is initiated obtains the group call attributes by requesting the Group Call Register (GCR, see clause 5). Without a RANflex configuration or in a RANflex configuration (with or without group call redundancy), if visited MSC and group call serving MSC are identical, the MSC performs a local GCR interrogation. + +The local GCR interrogation after call initiation also determines whether the MSC shall act as anchor- or as relay MSC. If the MSC is not the anchor- MSC then the call will be "forwarded" from the relay to the respective anchor- MSC (information also delivered by GCR) and further "call-establishment" is done by the anchor- MSC as described in the following. + +In a RANflex configuration the VMSC in which a voice broadcast call is initiated may be different from the group call serving MSC of the voice broadcast call initiating subscriber's location area. In this case the VMSC derives the identity of the group call serving MSC from the initiating subscriber's LAC and requests the group call anchor MSC address from the group call serving MSC by means of the SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO MAP service. The call is then "forwarded" from the VMSC to the anchor MSC and further "call-establishment" is done by the anchor MSC as described in the following. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy the VMSC in which a voice broadcast call is initiated may not belong to the group call serving MSC redundancy pool of the voice broadcast call initiating subscriber's location area. In this case the VMSC derives the identity of the group call serving MSC redundancy pool from the initiating subscriber's LAC and requests the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool address from the group call serving MSC by means of the SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO MAP service. The call is then "forwarded" from the VMSC to the anchor MSC redundancy pool and further "call-establishment" is done by the selected anchor MSC as described in the following. + +When a calling service subscriber or calling dispatcher initiates a voice broadcast call, one voice broadcast channel shall be established in each cell of the group call area and notifications for that call shall be sent in each of these cells. As an alternative, voice broadcast channels may only be established in cells in reaction to responses received from mobile stations on the notifications using notification response procedure. At the same time standard connections to dispatchers in the mobile network or in an external network shall be established. If originator-to-dispatcher information has been received in the signalling for call setup from the mobile station to the network and if the originating MSC supports processing of originator-to-dispatcher information, this information is transformed into user-to-user information and sent to the dispatchers as UUS1 when setting up the standard connections. + +The calling service subscriber shall have a dedicated standard uplink/downlink. All mobile stations of the listening service subscribers in one cell shall only listen to the same common downlink (voice broadcast channel). + +Only one voice broadcast channel shall be established in each cell for any given voice broadcast call, although there may be a number of simultaneous voice broadcast calls within the same cell. + +Service subscribers shall be notified on the voice broadcast call in each cell. These voice broadcast call notification messages shall be broadcast on the Notification CHannel (NCH). + +The notification messages use the group ID rather than individual TMSIs/IMSIs. If the length of the group ID is less than 8 decimal digits, then the group call area ID is used in order to enable a resolution in the case of overlapping group call areas. A service subscriber's mobile station needs to be able to recognize notification messages for those group IDs subscribed to and presently activated. + +The network may also send messages on appropriate voice broadcast channel FACCHs, in order to notify voice broadcast call members who may participate in other voice broadcast calls. In addition , also paging information messages for standard calls may be sent in order to inform voice broadcast call members on actually paged point-to-point calls. + +Further the network may provide notification on the voice broadcast call to service subscribers who have subscribed to the paged group ID and which are in dedicated mode. + +The process of broadcasting messages on NCHs is to be carried out throughout the call in order to provide the "late entry" facility whereby group members entering the area can join the call. + +On receiving notification of a voice broadcast call a voice broadcast call member's mobile station shall adjust to the nominated channel to receive the broadcast call if this channel was received in the notification message and receive the information on the downlink. Whilst receiving, the mobile station shall not transmit on the uplink SACCH. This group receive mode is different to the normal idle mode or dedicated mode. If no channel description was provided in the notification message, the mobile station shall establish a dedicated connection by use of notification response procedure in order to respond to the notification. The network may then provide the mobile station with a channel description for the voice broadcast call. + +As a further mobile station option, the mobile station may read its paging subchannel in the current cell while in group receive mode or in group transmit mode in order to receive paging messages for mobile terminated calls. + +#### 4.2.1.2 Exceptional procedures + +Completion of links into congested cells where pre-emption did not occur is required. + +If the cell in which the calling service subscriber is located is reset, the voice broadcast call shall be released. + +On receiving details of a voice broadcast call the user may choose to move to the notified call or the mobile station may automatically move to the notified call if the new call is of higher priority than the existing call and automatic acceptance applies for this priority level. + +### 4.2.2 On-going broadcast calls + +#### 4.2.2.1 Normal operation with successful outcome + +Within each voice broadcast call only the voice of the calling service subscriber or calling dispatcher shall be transmitted on the voice broadcast downlink channel. + +Mobile stations in group receive mode use the group receive mode procedure (see 3GPP TS 43.022) to "camp-on" in a new cell to be able to listen to the voice broadcast channel. The mobile station may find the voice broadcast channel details of a new cell on the related NCH. + +A network may decide not to establish voice broadcast channels in all cells. Instead, notifications containing no channel description may be provided. If a mobile station moves to such a cell, it must establish a dedicated connection and respond to the notification by use of the notification response procedure in order to receive the voice broadcast call. The network may then establish a voice broadcast channel and inform the mobile station on the channel position. + +If the uplink reply procedure is applicable for the voice broadcast call, the network may obtain knowledge on whether mobile stations are listening in a cell by sending an uplink access request in an uplink free message on the broadcast call channel downlink. Mobile stations receiving such a request shall use uplink reply procedure and send uplink access bursts on the broadcast call channel uplink with the establishment cause "reply on uplink access request". If no uplink access bursts are received by the network, the network may decide to release the broadcast call channel in that cell and then provide notifications containing no channel description. + +**NOTE:** Concerning security aspects, whilst authentication and membership checking of mobile call originators can be carried out, it is not possible to authenticate service subscribers in group receive mode if they have not before established a dedicated connection to responded to a notification. No equivalent of a group "TMST" is provided to protect the "identity" of established voice broadcast calls. + +The network may decide to reconfigure an existing voice broadcast call's physical channel configuration, frequencies and/or hopping sequences as well as the cell channel description. For the cell in which the broadcast call is being reconfigured, the network informs any listeners in group receive mode of the change in VBS channel description by using the VBS reconfiguration procedure (see 3GPP TS 44.018 [7]). Mobile stations on receipt of the VBS/VGCS reconfiguration messages shall remain on the existing broadcast channel until indicated starting time and then apply the new configuration to the VBS call that the mobile station is currently involved in. + +#### 4.2.2.2 Exceptional procedures + +If a mobile station in group receive mode indicates a failure due to radio link time-out, the mobile station shall behave as specified in 3GPP TS 45.008 and go back to idle mode, possibly in another cell, as determined by the cell re-selection algorithm. If a notification is received for the same cell, the mobile station shall try to reconnect. + +### 4.2.3 Leaving of a broadcast call without termination + +A destination subscriber being service subscriber can leave the voice broadcast call at any point by "deselecting" it via an MMI function. Having deselected the call the mobile station returns to idle mode and "ignores" any further notification messages related to that call. + +NOTE: If a service subscriber does not wish to participate in calls to a particular group ID for long periods of time, the group ID shall be switched to deactive state by the subscriber. + +The service subscriber shall have the capability to reselect the voice broadcast call. The mobile station shall not ignore notification messages to that call any more. + +The destination dispatcher shall be able to leave a voice broadcast call without terminating it. + +### 4.2.4 Broadcast call termination + +A voice broadcast call can be terminated by the calling service subscriber or the calling dispatcher or an entitled dispatcher who is allowed to terminate a VBS call. + +The call shall be terminated if the calling service subscriber leaves the group call area (e.g. if he moves into an MSC area where a group call area is no part of) or when calling dispatcher releases his call leg. + +An entitled dispatcher can terminate the call at any time by using a network defined user operation (e.g. via DTMF). + +### 4.2.5 Acknowledgements + +The acknowledgement is an application option. + +For voice broadcast calls which are identified by an acknowledgement flag mobile stations which have acknowledgement facilities have to return an acknowledgement message with a predefined content in a predefined manner. + +The acknowledgement shall be sent using an appropriate data service, to a predefined address or with a predefined short code stored on the SIM/USIM card. The network may apply geographical routing to a predefined acknowledgement service centre. + +### 4.2.6 Transactions between the mobile station and the network + +Mobile stations which are in broadcast receive mode shall not perform any transactions with the network while adjusted to the voice broadcast channel. They shall leave the group receive mode and act in a standard way to perform any transaction if necessary and return to the voice broadcast call afterwards. + +### 4.2.7 Processing of originator-to-dispatcher information + +The originating service subscriber may include originator-to-dispatcher information during call setup. If the originating MSC supports processing of originator-to-dispatcher information, it transforms the received originator-to-dispatcher information into UUS1, and sends it: + +- if the originating MSC is not the voice broadcast call anchor MSC: to the voice broadcast call anchor MSC; +- if the originating MSC is the voice broadcast call anchor MSC: to the dispatchers to be attached to the voice broadcast call during call setup of the connections to these dispatchers. + +The anchor MSC receiving UUS1 in a voice broadcast call setup from an originating relay MSC forwards this UUS1 to the dispatchers to be attached to the voice broadcast call during call setup of the connections to these dispatchers. + +**Transformation of originator-to-dispatcher information:** Originator-to-dispatcher information can be compressed or uncompressed. + +- Decompression of compressed originator-to-dispatcher information is specified in 3GPP TS 44.069. +- The transformation of uncompressed originator-to-dispatcher information into UUS1 is the UUS1 containing the same user-user IE as the originator-to-dispatcher information. +- The transformation of compressed originator-to-dispatcher information into UUS1 is the UUS1 resulting from transforming the decompressed originator-to-dispatcher information into UUS1. + +# 5 General architecture + +## 5.1 Group Call Register (GCR) + +The general architecture of GSM is maintained. In addition, a network function is required which is used for registration of the broadcast call attributes, the Group Call Register (GCR). + +The GCR function is mainly a database function, holding information about voice broadcast calls. + +NOTE 1: The GCR implementation is not specified. It may be realized e.g. as a new network node, in a PABX directly attached to an MSC, inside an MSC or as an HLR. The interface between the GCR function and other functions is not specified in the GSM technical specifications. As a consequence, the functional split between MSC and GCR as developed in the present document is only indicative, and other functional splits can be implemented. + +The GCR data for a specific voice broadcast call is set at the creation of the broadcast call attributes, and can be subsequently modified. No support for these functions is specified in the GSM technical specifications. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy GCRs associated to MSCs belonging to the same redundancy pool need to communicate with each other by means of SYNC\_GCR messages. + +![Functional architecture diagram with a Group Call Register (GCR).](5a9282ac54ca7bc50f1d2ab6cfb376ba_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional architecture of a mobile network with a Group Call Register (GCR). At the top, an 'External' connection leads to a 'GMSC' (Gateway MSC). The 'GMSC' is connected to an 'Anchor MSC'. The 'Anchor MSC' is connected to a 'GCR' and to a 'Relay MSC'. The 'Anchor MSC' is also connected to a 'VLR'. The 'VLR' is connected to an 'HLR'. The 'HLR' is connected to another 'VLR', which is connected to another 'Relay MSC'. This 'Relay MSC' is connected to another 'GCR' and to another 'VLR'. The 'VLR' is connected to a third 'Relay MSC', which is connected to a third 'GCR'. The 'HLR' is also connected to the third 'VLR'. The 'Anchor MSC' and the 'Relay MSC' are connected to each other. The 'GCR' functions are connected to the 'Anchor MSC' and the 'Relay MSC' functions. The 'VLR' functions are connected to the 'HLR' and the 'MSC' functions. The 'HLR' is connected to the 'VLR' functions. The 'External' connection is at the top of the diagram. + +Functional architecture diagram with a Group Call Register (GCR). + +Figure 1: Functional architecture with a Group Call Register + +![Functional architecture diagram with a Group Call Register in a RANflex configuration. The diagram shows an External connection to a GMSC, which is connected to an Anchor MSC inside a RANflex MSC pool. The Anchor MSC is connected to a Group Call Serving MSC and a GCR. The Group Call Serving MSC is connected to a Relay MSC and another GCR. The Relay MSC is connected to a third GCR. The Anchor MSC is also connected to a V-MSC, which is connected to a VLR. The HLR is connected to the VLR. A dashed line labeled 'Dedicated link for initial talker' connects the Anchor MSC to the V-MSC. The RANflex MSC pool is indicated by a red circle and the text 'RANflex MSC pool'.](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional architecture for a Group Call Register (GCR) in a RANflex configuration. At the top, an 'External' connection leads to a 'GMSC'. The 'GMSC' is connected to an 'Anchor MSC' located within a 'RANflex MSC pool' (indicated by a red circle). The 'Anchor MSC' is connected to a 'Group Call Serving MSC' and a 'GCR'. The 'Group Call Serving MSC' is connected to a 'Relay MSC' and another 'GCR'. The 'Relay MSC' is connected to a third 'GCR'. The 'Anchor MSC' is also connected to a 'V-MSC', which is connected to a 'VLR'. The 'HLR' is connected to the 'VLR'. A dashed line labeled 'Dedicated link for initial talker' connects the 'Anchor MSC' to the 'V-MSC'. + +Functional architecture diagram with a Group Call Register in a RANflex configuration. The diagram shows an External connection to a GMSC, which is connected to an Anchor MSC inside a RANflex MSC pool. The Anchor MSC is connected to a Group Call Serving MSC and a GCR. The Group Call Serving MSC is connected to a Relay MSC and another GCR. The Relay MSC is connected to a third GCR. The Anchor MSC is also connected to a V-MSC, which is connected to a VLR. The HLR is connected to the VLR. A dashed line labeled 'Dedicated link for initial talker' connects the Anchor MSC to the V-MSC. The RANflex MSC pool is indicated by a red circle and the text 'RANflex MSC pool'. + +NOTE: Figure 1a shows the configuration with only one RANflex MSC pool. Other configurations with more than one RANflex MSC pool are possible. + +**Figure 1a: Functional architecture with a Group Call Register in a RANflex configuration** + +![Functional architecture diagram showing various MSC redundancy pools (Anchor, Serving, Relay) within a RANflex MSC pool, connected to external systems like HLR, VLR, and GMSC.](7efae06af3af43ffe5d4b956a679cf54_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a functional architecture for a RANflex MSC pool. At the top, an 'External' connection leads to a 'GMSC'. The 'GMSC' is connected to an 'Anchor MSC Redundancy Pool' (enclosed in a blue oval). This pool contains multiple 'Anchor MSC' units, each connected to a 'GCR'. Below this is a 'Serving MSC Redundancy Pool' (enclosed in a green oval), containing 'Group Call Serving MSC' units, each connected to a 'GCR'. At the bottom is a 'Relay MSC Redundancy Pool' (enclosed in a yellow oval), containing 'Relay MSC' units, each connected to a 'GCR'. All three pools are contained within a larger 'RANflex MSC pool' (enclosed in a red oval). A 'V-MSC' is connected to a 'VLR' (bold solid line) and an 'HLR' (dashed line). A 'Dedicated link for initial talker' connects the 'V-MSC' to the 'Anchor MSC Redundancy Pool'. Dashed lines represent MAP interfaces, thin solid lines represent ISUP interfaces, and bold solid lines represent interfaces without a standardized protocol. + +Functional architecture diagram showing various MSC redundancy pools (Anchor, Serving, Relay) within a RANflex MSC pool, connected to external systems like HLR, VLR, and GMSC. + +NOTE: Figure 1b shows the configuration with only one RANflex MSC pool. Other configurations with more than one RANflex MSC pool are possible. + +**Figure 1b: Functional architecture with a Group Call Register in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy** + +Dashed lines in figure 1, figure 1a and figure 1b indicate MAP interfaces, thin solid lines indicate ISUP interfaces, bold solid lines indicate interfaces without standardized protocol. + +Lines in figure 1b ending at an MSC Redundancy Pool actually connect to the selected MSC within the redundancy pool. For MSC selection see subclause 5.3.1. + +The signalling between the entities shown in figure 1, figure 1a and figure 1b, for the two cases of service subscriber and dispatcher originated calls, shall be as defined in the following. + +**Service subscriber originated:** The service Subscriber's VMSC shall perform subscription checking against VLR records. In a RANflex configuration it shall then derive from the service subscriber's current location area the address of the group call serving MSC which may be different from the VMSC. In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy this address identifies a group call serving MSC redundancy pool. + +If one of the following configurations applies: + +- a) no RANflex configuration; +- b) in a RANflex configuration , if the VMSC is the group call serving MSC; or +- c) in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, if the VMSC belongs to the group call serving MSC redundancy pool, + +the VMSC shall consult its GCR to determine the broadcast call attributes related to its MSC area and whether it is the group call anchor MSC for that voice broadcast call. If it is not, the GCR shall provide with the broadcast call reference and the routing information identifying the group call anchor MSC (the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy) to the originating VMSC. The originating MSC shall then route the voice broadcast call to the anchor MSC. + +If one of the following configurations applies: + +- d) in a RANflex configuration, if the VMSC is not the group call serving MSC; or +- e) in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, if the VMSC does not belong to the group call serving MSC redundancy pool, + +the VMSC shall consult the group call serving MSC by means of the MAP service SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO and retrieve the group call anchor MSC address. The originating VMSC shall then route the voice broadcast call to the anchor MSC or the anchor MSC pool. + +If the initiation of the voice broadcast call had specified originator-to-dispatcher information and processing of originator-to-dispatcher information is supported by the originating VMSC, the originator-to-dispatcher information is transformed by the originating VMSC into UUS1 and sent to the anchor MSC or the anchor MSC pool. If the originating VMSC is the group call anchor MSC (or belongs to the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool), along with the broadcast call attributes, the GCR shall provide information on all group call relay MSCs or group call relay MSC pools to be involved. + +The group call anchor MSC shall set up links to all group call relay MSCs or relay MSC pools. It shall also initiate setup of point-to-point connections to the dispatchers associated to the voice broadcast call (see subclause 8.1.2.2); if UUS1 information has been received in the signalling for call setup from the originating VMSC, this UUS1 information is included in the setup of point-to-point connections to the dispatchers. Each MSC involved in a voice broadcast call obtains its own broadcast call attributes from the GCR related to the MSC. + +**Dispatcher originated:** In the case of dispatchers calling from an external network, the call request, in the form of an ISDN number, shall be received at a GMSC. The number shall be analysed and the call shall be directly routed to the group call anchor MSC or anchor MSC pool by the GMSC based on the called identity without requesting an HLR. The group call anchor MSC shall interrogate the GCR and obtain the broadcast call attributes. If an identical voice broadcast call is currently in progress, the dispatcher shall be connected to this call and no new call shall be initiated. When interrogating the GCR, the identity of the calling dispatcher is compared with the list of dispatchers which are allowed to initiate the call. If the dispatcher is not in the list, or an identity is not provided, the network shall reject the call. + +NOTE 2: A dispatcher may be a user of the GSM network in which the VBS service is provided or may be connected to a PABX which is connected to the MSC containing the GCR. A dispatcher which is registered in the GCR for a certain voice broadcast call and which also has a subscription for VBS with the same group ID as the voice broadcast call for which he is dispatcher shall deactivate this group ID when he is located in the corresponding group call area in order to avoid conflicts between paging for the dispatcher and notifications for the group ID. + +## 5.2 Voice broadcast call responsibility + +The MSC responsible for the voice broadcast call is the one nominated within the GCR or the one to which the call is routed from the GMSC in the case of a dispatcher originated call. This MSC is termed the group call anchor MSC. + +If the group call area extends beyond one MSC area then any MSCs controlling cells in the area outside of the group call anchor MSC are referred to as group call relay MSCs. + +In a RANflex configuration a given location area within the pool area is served (with group call services) by a single predefined group call serving MSC which for a specific group call is either anchor or relay MSC. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy a given location area within the pool area is served (with broadcast call services) by predefined group call serving MSCs which form up the location area's group call serving MSC redundancy pool. One MSC shall not belong to more than one group call MSC redundancy pool. For a specific ongoing broadcast call the group call serving redundancy pool is either an anchor or a relay redundancy pool. + +## 5.3 RANflex configuration with group call redundancy + +### 5.3.1 MSC selection in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, messages routed towards a group call MSC redundancy pool eventually need to be processed by a selected MSC out of the redundancy pool. MSC selection is done with appropriate routing mechanisms at call setup time. + +Mixed configurations where e.g. the anchor MSC belongs to an anchor MSC redundancy pool but the relay MSC does not belong to a Relay MSC redundancy pool may be considered a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy where e.g. the relay MSC redundancy pool is formed up by just one relay MSC. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy the following messages sent to an MSC do not address an individual MSC but an MSC redundancy pool: + +- IAM (from dispatcher to Anchor MSC); +- IAM (from VMSC to Anchor MSC); +- SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO (from VMSC to Group Call Serving MSC); and +- PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL (from Anchor MSC to Relay MSC). + +Network routing ensures that these messages are routed to one of the available (i.e. not out of service) MSCs within the redundancy pool. MSC selection by network routing can be based e.g. on a predefined prioritization mechanism or a load distribution mechanism but the exact mechanism is out of scope of this specification. + +Once the message is received by one of the available MSCs, the receiving MSC shall check whether there is the need to forward the message to another specific MSC within the redundancy pool (for detailed behaviour of the MSC see subclauses 11.4, 11.5, and 11.5A). Network routing ensures that the forwarded message is routed to the specific MSC. Specific MSC routing may be done e.g. with address prefixes and is out of scope of this specification. + +If the message forwarding MSC detects that the specific target MSC is out of service, it shall handle the request locally and repeat the GCR interrogation with an override indication. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy the following messages sent to an MSC address an individual MSC and not an MSC redundancy pool: + +- IAM (dispatcher originated) when forwarded within the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool from selected Anchor MSC to the Anchor MSC where the broadcast call is on-going; +- IAM (VMSC originated) when forwarded within the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool from selected Anchor MSC to the Anchor MSC where the broadcast call is on-going; +- IAM (from Anchor MSC to Relay MSC) routed with the temporary group call number allocated by the Relay MSC; + +- SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO (VMSC originated) when forwarded within the group call serving MSC redundancy pool from selected group call serving MSC to the group call serving MSC where the broadcast call is on-going; and +- Subsequent messages within a dialogue opened by a PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL message (PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL\_ACK, SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL, FORWARD\_GROUP\_CALL\_SIGNALLING; PROCESS\_GROUP\_CALL\_SIGNALLING). MAP dialogue handling ensures that messages are exchanged between origin and selected destination of the dialogue. + +Network routing ensures that these messages are routed to the individual MSC within the redundancy pool. + +### 5.3.2 GCR synchronization in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy + +GCRs associated to MSCs which belong to the same redundancy pool need to synchronize their transient data. This is done by means of SYNC\_GCR messages. As soon as transient data are modified in a GCR as a result of GCR interrogation from the associated MSC, the modification is propagated to the other GCRs. + +This mechanism prevents the establishment of two simultaneous group calls with the same group call reference controlled by two different anchor MSCs. + +### 5.3.3 GCR Restoration in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy + +When a GCR (and its associated MSC) restarts after planned or unplanned outage, its transient data may be lost or may be out of sync due to lost SYNC\_GCR messages. To restore the transient data, the GCR shall after restart + +- stop all T3 timers; +- delete all stored initial talker information; and +- mark all GCR records with "transient data not reliable". + +When transient data are read while processing a GCR interrogation, the GCR shall check whether the record is marked "transient data not reliable". If so, the GCR shall retrieve transient data from the other GCR(s) within the redundancy pool by means of a SYNC\_GCR message with request indication, store it and reset the mark "transient data not reliable" before processing the GCR interrogation. If the retrieval of transient data is unsuccessful, the GCR shall assume that the call is not on-going, reset the mark "transient data not reliable" and process the GCR interrogation. + +When processing a received SYNC\_GCR message without request indication while the record is marked "transient data not reliable", the GCR shall accept the request and reset the "transient data not reliable" mark. + +When processing a received SYNC\_GCR message with request indication while the record is marked "transient data not reliable", the GCR shall return a negative response (failure) and keep the "transient data not reliable" mark. + +# --- 6 Compatibility issues + +VBS can not be used with standard Phase 1 or Phase 2 mobile stations. A dedicated mobile station with VBS capability is required. + +A mobile station with VBS capability shall also provide the complete functionality in order to allow the use of Phase 2 services. + +Standard Phase 1 and Phase 2 mobile stations in a network shall not be impacted by the presence of VBS services in that network due to VBS signalling, also if the mobile station is operated with a SIM/USIM of a VBS service subscriber. + +# 7 Transmission + +## 7.1 Transmission architecture + +A distribution function, is required to distribute the voice broadcast call to the nominated cells and dispatchers, respectively. The distribution function is to be located within the group call anchor MSC. + +Without a RANflex configuration: The group call anchor MSC is responsible for setting up all connections, both to the nominated cells (voice broadcast channels) in the group call anchor MSC and to any related group call relay MSC, and to the dispatchers. There shall be one common link for all cells within the group call relay MSC which is involved in the voice broadcast call, i.e. there shall be a secondary distribution function in the group call relay MSCs. + +In a RANflex configuration: The group call anchor MSC is responsible for setting up all connections, both to those cells of the group call area that belong to a location area for which the group call anchor MSC is the group call serving MSC and to any related group call relay MSC, and to the dispatchers. Except when a calling service subscriber, served by a relay MSC, is on the initial dedicated link, there shall be one link towards every relay MSC and a distribution function in the relay MSCs and from there one link per cell of the group call area that belongs to a location area for which the group call relay MSC is the group call serving MSC which is involved in the voice broadcast call. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy: The group call anchor MSC selected from the anchor MSC redundancy pool is responsible for setting up all connections, both to those cells of the group call area that belong to a location area for which the group call anchor MSC is the group call serving MSC and to any related group call relay MSC pool, and to the dispatchers. Except when a calling service subscriber, served by a relay MSC, is on the initial dedicated link, there shall be one link towards every relay MSC redundancy pool and a distribution function in the selected relay MSCs and from there one link per cell of the group call area that belongs to a location area for which the group call relay MSC is the group call serving MSC which is involved in the voice broadcast call. + +## 7.1a Transmission architecture – A interface circuit sharing + +#### 7.1a.1 Transmission architecture – general + +The MSC and BSC shall negotiate during the setup of a voice broadcast call whether A-interface circuit sharing is supported by both entities. When this optional feature is supported by both entities, the same A-interface circuit can be shared for all cells belonging to a BSC for a given voice broadcast call. + +### 7.1a.2 Transmission architecture – control plane + +The control plane signalling shall be the same as in sub-clause 7.1. + +### 7.1a.3 Transmission architecture – user plane + +The following distribution functions are required to distribute the voice broadcast call to the nominated cells and dispatchers, respectively: + +- a distribution function within the group call anchor MSC. There will be one link from the group call anchor MSC to each of the relay MSCs in the voice broadcast call. Also, there will be one link from each of these relay MSCs and the group call anchor MSC to each BSC controlled by the respective MSC and involved in the voice broadcast call; +- a distribution function within the BSC to distribute the speech to each of the nominated cells. + +## 7.1b Transmission architecture – A interface link sharing + +#### 7.1b.1 Transmission architecture – general + +The MSC and BSC shall negotiate during the setup of a voice broadcast call whether A-interface link sharing is supported by both entities. When this optional feature is supported by both entities, the same A-interface link (user and control plane) can be shared for all cells belonging to a BSC for a given voice broadcast call. + +A conference bridge is required to connect the transmission paths of the nominated cells. The bridge is to be located within the group call anchor MSC. The group call anchor MSC is responsible for setting up a single A-interface link + +(i.e. A-interface circuit and resource controlling SCCP connection) to each BSC containing nominated cells in the group call anchor MSC and links to any group call relay MSCs and to the dispatchers. + +Each BSC is responsible for setting up a speech and signalling connection (voice broadcast call channel) to each nominated cell in the group call area served by this BSC. The BSC contains a distribution function that distributes speech and resource control related signalling from the MSC to each of the nominated cells. + +#### 7.1b.2 Transmission architecture – control plane + +The MSC shall inform the BSC of the cells required to be setup for the broadcast call in the VBS ASSIGNMENT REQUEST. This message shall contain the list of group call area cells served by this BSC. If the entire list of cell identifiers does not fit into the message or if different methods of radio resource allocation (e.g. “immediate allocation” or “delay allowed”) are to be used for different cells controlled by the BSC, the MSC shall send one or more VBS AREA CELL INFO messages containing the remaining cell identifiers or the cell identifiers of cells using a different method of radio resource allocation. Once a channel could be established to the cell of origin or, if the cell of origin is not served by this BSC, to any other cell, the VBS ASSIGNMENT RESULT shall be sent to the MSC and timer Tast shall be started. Timer Tast is used to measure the duration between periodic reports from the BSC to the MSC of group call area cells for which channels have been assigned or released since the last periodic report. When timer Tast expires, if new cells in the group call area have been established or existing ones have been released, pre-empted or failed, the MSC shall be informed of the changes. If no changes have taken place nothing shall be sent. Timer Tast shall be started again to measure the period of time until the next report. The timer shall be stopped when the call is released. + +Once all cells for a given group call area served by a BSC are established this BSC shall immediately send a VBS ASSIGNMENT STATUS message to the MSC indicating this and restart timer Tast. This information shall be used by the MSC to determine the conditions for call set up as described in subclause 11.3.1.1.2. + +The BSS is responsible to establish the channel to the different cells and manage the signalling accordingly (e.g. HO decisions, pre-emption, re-establishment of cells). The A-interface link (user and control plane) between MSC and BSC shall only be released when the call is released. + +#### 7.1b.3 Transmission architecture – user plane + +The transmission architecture of the user plane as specified in subclause 7.1a.3 applies. + +## 7.2 Radio channels + +In each cell of the group call area one voice broadcast channel may be established consisting of a downlink received by all service subscribers' mobile stations and also an uplink which shall be used by the listening subscriber's mobile stations for the uplink reply procedure only. + +The calling service subscriber's mobile station shall use a dedicated standard uplink/downlink which is connected as input to the distribution function. + +A listening subscriber's mobile station which responds to a notification because no description of the voice broadcast channel was provided in the notification may be assigned a dedicated standard link up to the instant where the radio access network decides that the mobile station shall join the voice broadcast channel and the dedicated connection is released. + +Voice broadcast channels shall be standard full rate or half rate speech channels, EFR speech channels, full rate AMR speech or half rate AMR speech channels. The support of voice broadcast channels other than full rate speech is a network option. A specific voice broadcast call can use either the same speech codec type in all cells of the group call area or different speech codec types in different cells of the group call area. Those implementations are optional for the network operator. + +When establishing an AMR half rate or AMR full rate speech channel, the BSC shall select a suitable AMR codec configuration: + +- for the dedicated channel used by the calling service subscriber, the BSC may select any configuration permitted for a point-to-point call; +- for a voice broadcast channel the BSC shall select one of the preferred configurations as defined in 3GPP TS 28.062 [16], Table 7.11.3.1.3-2. The BSC shall disable the rate adaptation mechanism and apply a single codec mode for the downlink until the channel is released. + +Within a cell the BSC shall select the same codec configuration for all voice group and voice broadcast calls using the same AMR codec type, AMR FR or AMR HR, respectively. The selected configuration shall be broadcast on the NCH, as long as at least one voice group or voice broadcast call using the respective AMR codec type is active. + +When A-interface circuit sharing or A-interface link sharing applies there is one A-interface circuit allocated for the broadcast call per BSC. Therefore the same speech codec is applied for all voice broadcast channels in the part of the group call area served by one BSC, if the TRAU is located between the MSC and the BSC-internal distribution function for speech (see subclause 7.1a.1 and 7.1b.1). + +Full standard duplex channels shall be provided to all dispatchers listed in the GCR as for normal calls and connected to the distribution function although their speech shall not be added to the speech of the calling subscriber in the distribution function if they are destination subscribers. The links may be provided either via GSM, or via an external network. + +Downlink and uplink radio channels are to be provided to all destination service subscribers, with one common downlink and one common uplink per cell. The uplink channel is used for the uplink reply procedure for VGCS and VBS (see subclause 4.2.2.1). + +A separate standard duplex channel is to be provided to the calling service subscriber. + +## 7.3 Data confidentiality + +Data confidentiality on the radio link can be provided as a network option. + +If data confidentiality is provided, the downlink of the voice broadcast channel within cell of the group call area shall be ciphered using broadcast group ciphering keys derived from the same group key, see 3GPP TS 43.020 [4]. + +The group key is related to the group ID. For each group ID, there is a number of group keys stored on the SIM which are identified by a group key number. The group key number identifying the group key to be used for a particular voice broadcast call is provided with the notification to the mobile stations. Mobile stations which have responded to a notification shall be informed of the group key number before they join the voice broadcast channel. + +USIM based VBS ciphering uses a concept of short term keys where the short term key is derived by the GCR and the USIM from the group key and a RAND (random number) parameter. The actual broadcast group ciphering key is then derived by the BSS and the ME from the short term key, the cell global identifier, and a Cell Global Count parameter. + +To include a subscriber into a voice group the required group data (including the 2 master group keys) shall be stored on the USIM, e.g. during the personalisation process or via OTA (over-the-air). To exclude a subscriber from a voice group the group data shall be deleted from the USIM. If a USIM is lost or stolen, all USIMs of the remaining members of the voice groups that this USIM is a member of need to be changed (e.g. via OTA or manual provisioning). + +Details on data confidentiality for voice broadcast calls are provided in 3GPP TS 42.009 [2] and 3GPP TS 43.020 [4]. + +NOTE 1: USIM based VBS ciphering is not compatible with SIM based VBS ciphering which has not been completely specified. The SIM specifications contain no support for the storage of the group keys. A pre-Rel-6 VBS capable mobile station will be able to participate in an un-ciphered group call, if it is part of that group. + +If data confidentiality is provided, then for a mobile station in originator in dedicated channel mode the uplink and the downlink of the dedicated channel shall be ciphered using the individual ciphering key of the service subscriber. + +NOTE 2: The individual ciphering key is the key generated during a previous authentication procedure. + +If data confidentiality is provided, then for a mobile dispatcher the uplink and the downlink of the dedicated channel shall be ciphered using the individual ciphering key of the dispatcher. + +# 8 Information storage + +## 8.1 Information stored in the GCR + +### 8.1.1 Information used for routing of service subscriber originated voice broadcast calls + +Without a RANflex configuration, the GCR shall hold for a related MSC area for each group ID and cell from which voice broadcast calls can be established by service subscribers the broadcast call reference to be used for a voice broadcast call to be established and an indication whether the originating MSC is the group call anchor MSC. + +In a RANflex configuration, the GCR shall hold for a related MSC area (i.e. for those location areas for which the related MSC is the group call serving MSC) for each group ID and cell (within those location areas for which the related MSC is the group call serving MSC) from which voice broadcast calls can be established by service subscribers the broadcast call reference to be used for a voice broadcast call to be established and an indication whether the group call serving MSC is the group call anchor MSC. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, the GCR shall hold for a related MSC area (i.e. for those location areas for which the related MSC belongs to the group call serving MSC redundancy pool) for each group ID and cell (within those location areas for which the related MSC can act as the group call serving MSC) from which voice group calls can be established by service subscribers the group call reference to be used for a voice group call to be established and an indication whether the group call serving MSC belongs to the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool. + +If one of the following configurations applies: + +- a) without a RANflex configuration; +- b) in a RANflex configuration, if the VMSC is the group call serving MSC; or +- c) in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, if the VMSC belongs to the group call serving MSC redundancy pool: + +If the VMSC is the group call anchor MSC or belongs to the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool, the GCR shall provide the broadcast call attributes related to that broadcast call reference as defined in subclause 8.1.2 and 8.1.3 to the VMSC and the VMSC shall establish the voice broadcast call. + +If the VMSC is not the anchor MSC or does not belong to the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool, the GCR shall provide the broadcast call reference plus the routing information identifying the anchor MSC or anchor MSC redundancy pool to the VMSC and the VMSC shall route the voice broadcast call to the anchor MSC or anchor MSC redundancy pool. + +If the following configuration applies: + +- d) In a RANflex configuration, if the VMSC is different from the group call serving MSC: + +If the group call serving MSC is a relay MSC for the broadcast call, the GCR shall provide the broadcast call reference plus the routing information identifying the anchor MSC to the group call serving MSC which passes this information to the VMSC. + +If the group call serving MSC is the anchor MSC for the broadcast call, the GCR shall provide the broadcast call reference to the group call serving MSC which adds the routing information identifying the anchor MSC (i.e. its own MSC address) and passes the information to the VMSC. + +Then the VMSC shall route the voice broadcast call to the anchor MSC. + +If the following configuration applies: + +- e) In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, if the VMSC does not belong to the group call serving MSC redundancy pool: + +If the group call serving MSC redundancy pool is a group call relay MSC redundancy pool for the broadcast call, the GCR shall provide the group call reference plus the routing information identifying the anchor MSC redundancy pool to the requesting group call serving MSC which passes this information to the VMSC. + +If the group call serving MSC redundancy pool is the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool for the broadcast call, the GCR shall provide the group call reference to the requesting group call serving MSC which adds the routing information identifying the anchor MSC redundancy pool and passes the information to the VMSC. + +Then the VMSC shall route the voice broadcast call to the anchor MSC redundancy pool. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, the GCR shall provide the requesting MSC with "group call ongoing information". If the broadcast call is ongoing at another MSC within the redundancy pool, the requesting MSC shall forward the actual request to that MSC. + +NOTE: In case the GCR function is distributed over different physical entities, each may hold only the information needed to treat requests coming from the MSCs connected to the physical GCR entity. + +### 8.1.2 Static Broadcast call attributes + +The GCR stores a list of static Broadcast Call Attributes for a given group call reference. These lists shall be programmed by the service provider at registration of the network specific service configuration. In RANflex configurations with group call redundancy these lists shall be identical in GCRs which are associated to MSCs belonging to the same redundancy pool. + +The contents of each list related to requests of the group call anchor MSC is as follows: + +- a list of cells inside the MSC area of the group call anchor MSC (in a RANflex configuration with or without group call redundancy, the cells belonging to a location area for which the group call anchor MSC is the group call serving MSC) into which the call is to be sent (part of the group call area), see subclause 8.1.2.1; +- a list of group call relay MSCs (or group call relay MSC redundancy pools) into which the call is to be sent; +- information on the cipher algorithm and the group key to be used for this voice broadcast call; +- information on the codecs allowed for this voice broadcast call. As an operator option, the EFR codec, standard half rate codec, AMR half rate codec, and AMR full rate codec can be supported; + +NOTE: A pre-Rel-7 VBS capable mobile station will not be able to participate in a broadcast call using the EFR codec, AMR half rate codec or AMR full rate codec, if the mobile station is part of that group. + +- a list of identities of dispatchers to which a dedicated link is to be established, see subclause 8.1.2.2; +- a list of identities of dispatchers which are allowed to initiate the voice broadcast call, see subclause 8.1.2.2; +- a list of identities of dispatchers which are allowed to terminate the voice broadcast call, see subclause 8.1.2.2; +- the default priority level related to that voice broadcast call if eMLPP applies, see subclause 8.1.2.3; +- an indication whether the uplink reply procedure is applicable for this voice broadcast call. +- in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy: A list of GCR addresses identifying GCRs associated to MSCs within the redundancy pool. + +The contents of each list related to requests of a group call relay MSC is as follows: + +- a list of cells inside the MSC area of the group call relay MSC (in a RANflex configuration with or without group call redundancy, cells belonging to a location area for which the requesting MSC is the group call serving MSC) into which the call is to be sent (part of the group call area), see subclause 8.1.2.1; +- identity of the group call anchor MSC (or group call anchor MSC redundancy pool); +- in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy: A list of GCR addresses identifying GCRs associated to MSCs within the redundancy pool. + +#### 8.1.2.1 Group call area + +The group call area is defined as a list of cells. The cells shall be defined by their cell identification consisting of the Location Area Code and the Cell Identity as defined in 3GPP TS 48.008 and are therefore uniquely identified in the network. + +In the case the group call area extends over several MSCs, only the cells belonging to the requesting MSC (in a RANflex configuration and in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, cells belonging to location areas for which the requesting MSC is the group call serving MSC) are included in the broadcast call attributes. + +#### 8.1.2.2 Dispatcher identities + +Dispatcher identities shall be ISDN numbers or MSISDN numbers with the structure according to ITU-T Recommendation E.164. They shall correspond both to the number to be used to establish a call toward the dispatcher and the number provided as calling line identification when the call is originated by a dispatcher. + +The list of dispatcher identities to which a dedicated link is to be established shall be passed to the MSC so that the distribution function can be set up. + +The list of dispatcher identities which are allowed to initiate voice broadcast calls is used by the anchor MSC for verification for a voice broadcast call establishment by a dispatcher. + +The list of dispatcher identities which are allowed to terminate voice broadcast calls is used by the anchor MSC for verification for a voice broadcast call release by a dispatcher. + +#### 8.1.2.3 Priorities + +If the eMLPP supplementary service is applied to a voice broadcast call, the priority level shall be stored in the GCR. + +For further details see 3GPP TS 23.067. + +### 8.1.3 Transient Group Call Attributes + +#### 8.1.3.0 General + +The GCR stores transient data for a given group call reference. These data are maintained by the GCR to reflect the current status of the corresponding voice broadcast call. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy Transient GCR Data needs to be synchronized between all GCRs associated to MSCs belonging to the same redundancy pool. + +#### 8.1.3.1 Group Call Status Information + +- a status flag indicating if a voice broadcast call with the related broadcast call reference is on-going, see subclause 11.3.1.1.1; +- in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy: Address of the MSC within the redundancy pool, where the broadcast call is ongoing (if so). + +#### 8.1.3.2 Initial Talker Information + +The relay MSC, and in a RANflex configuration (with or without group call redundancy) the group call serving MSC of the initiating service subscriber's current LAC, if this MSC is different from the VMSC, interrogate the GCR twice when setting up the broadcast call: The first GCR interrogation is triggered in the relay MSC by the service subscriber or in a RANflex configuration (with or without group call redundancy) in the group call serving MSC by the MAP service SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO received from the VMSC. The second GCR interrogation is triggered in the relay MSC by the MAP service Prepare Group Call or in a RANflex configuration (with or without group call redundancy), if the anchor MSC is the group call serving MSC, by receiving the IAM from the VMSC. + +At the first GCR interrogation the GCR shall store transient data in the GCR which are retrieved with the second GCR interrogation. These data are: + +- the initiating service subscriber's IMSI; +- the originating cell id. + +## 8.2 Information managed per subscriber + +### 8.2.1 Stored in the HLR + +The following additional information shall be stored in the HLR: + +- the subscription option for voice broadcast calls which can be made in the HPLMN only or also in case of roaming; +- a list of all the group IDs for which a service subscriber has a subscription; +- an indication whether the subscriber is entitled to establish a voice broadcast call to one or more group IDs of his subscription. + +The group IDs are defined in subclause 9.1. + +A service subscriber shall not be provided with more than 50 group IDs. + +### 8.2.2 Stored in the VLR + +The list of all the group IDs a service subscriber is entitled to use and the entitlement to establish a voice broadcast call to a group ID shall be brought forward to a VLR at the same time as other subscriber information is copied, and VLR entries shall be modified when corresponding HLR records are changed. + +### 8.2.3 Stored in the SIM + +The information detailed in subclause 8.2.1 also needs to be stored on the SIM. The service subscriber shall be able to deactivate or reactivate a group ID by MMI interaction so that the mobile station ignores notification messages to this group ID, when the group ID is deactivated. + +#### 8.2.3a Stored in the USIM + +The information detailed in subclause 8.2.1 also needs to be stored on the USIM. The service subscriber shall be able to deactivate or reactivate a group ID by MMI interaction so that the mobile station ignores notification messages to this group ID, when the group ID is deactivated. + +For each group ID where data confidentiality may be applied, the USIM needs to store the cipher algorithm to be used and the possible group keys. + +## 8.3 Information used for routing of dispatcher originated broadcast calls + +Routing of dispatcher originated calls shall be performed on the MSISDN number received at a GMSC in the Initial\_Address\_Message. + +- Because the group call reference is included in the called MSISDN number as defined in subclause 9.2d the routing information can be derived by the routing function of the GMSC. The GMSC afterwards directly routes the call request to the group call anchor MSC without requesting an HLR. + +# --- 9 Identities + +## 9.1 Elementary identities for broadcast calls + +### a) Group ID + +The group ID is a sequence of decimal digits with a maximum length depending on the composition of the broadcast call reference defined under c). The length of Group ID shall be in a range of 1 to 8 digits. + +The mobile station derives the group ID from the broadcast call reference by identifying the longest group ID amongst those stored in the SIM/USIM and matching the least significant digits of the broadcast call reference. If no group ID is stored in the SIM that matches the least significant digits of the broadcast call reference, the mobile station is not able to derive the group ID from the broadcast call reference. + +NOTE 1: The network should use Group IDs matching an initial part of other group IDs with greatest care, if at all. + +EXAMPLE: A mobile station storing the group IDs 678, 2 678 and 42 678 (and only those) in the SIM/USIM will derive group ID 2 678 from BROADCAST call reference 13 452 678. + +For definition of Group ID on the radio interface, A interface and Abis interface, see 3GPP TS 44.069 [11]. + +For definition of Group ID coding on MAP protocol interfaces, see 3GPP TS 29.002 [13]. + +### b) Group call area ID + +The group call area ID is a sequence of decimal digits uniquely assigned to a group call area in one network and with a maximum length depending on the composition of the broadcast call reference defined under c). + +### c) Broadcast call reference + +Each voice broadcast call in one network is uniquely identified by its broadcast call reference. The broadcast call reference is a concatenated sequence of the group ID (as the least significant part) and the group call area ID (as the most significant part). The broadcast call reference shall have a maximum length of 8 decimal digits. The composition of the group call area ID and the group ID can be specific for each network operator. + +| | | +|--------------------|----------| +| Group call area ID | Group ID | +|--------------------|----------| + +The group call reference is equal to the group ID when the group ID has a length of 8 decimal digits. + +For definition of Broadcast Call reference (with leading zeros inserted as necessary) on the radio interface, A interface and Abis interface, see 3GPP TS 24.008 [14], 3GPP TS 44.018[7] and 3GPP TS 44.069 [11]. + +For definition of Broadcast Call reference coding (also known as ASCII Call Reference, Voice Group Call Reference or Voice Broadcast Call Reference) on MAP protocol interfaces, see 3GPP TS 29.002 [13]. + +## 9.2 Use of identities in the network + +For each voice broadcast call the identifications as defined in the following shall be used within the network for the related purpose mentioned. + +For voice broadcast services which are to operate in more than one PLMN, group identities have to be co-ordinated between the network operators involved. + +### a) Identities used for GCR requests for service subscriber originated voice broadcast calls + +For a service subscriber originated call, the identity of the call used by the MSC in which the call is originated to interrogate the GCR shall consist of the originating serving cell identity as defined in 3GPP TS 48.008 and the group ID as defined in subclause 9.1. In a RANflex configuration (with or without group call redundancy) the same identity is used by the group call serving MSC to interrogate the GCR when it receives the MAP Send Group Call Info service. + +| | | +|---------------------|----------| +| Originating cell ID | Group ID | +|---------------------|----------| + +A service subscriber initiating a voice broadcast call has to call the wanted group ID. The MSC in which the call is originated shall accumulate from the BSS the called group ID and the originating cell ID. + +If the group call area exceeds one MSC area, the identity used to interrogate the GCR by an MSC in which the call was not originated shall consist of the broadcast call reference as defined in subclause 9.1 except for the case in a RANflex configuration (with or without group call redundancy) where the GCR interrogation in the group call serving MSC is triggered by receipt of the MAP Send Group Call Info service. + +Without a RANflex configuration: If the group call area exceeds one MSC area and the call was originated in a relay MSC, + +this relay MSC will perform a second GCR interrogation when the anchor MSC sets up the link to the relay MSC (see subclause 11.5). + +In a RANflex configuration: If the group call area exceeds one MSC area and the call was originated + +- in a relay MSC; or +- in a location area for which a relay MSC is the group call serving MSC, + +this relay MSC will perform a second GCR interrogation when the anchor MSC sets up the link to the relay MSC (see subclause 11.5). + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy: If the group call area exceeds one MSC area and the call was originated + +- in a relay MSC; or +- in a location area for which a relay MSC (belonging to a redundancy pool) is the group call serving MSC, + +this relay MSC or another relay MSC belonging to the same redundancy pool will perform a second GCR interrogation when the anchor MSC sets up the link to the relay MSC (see subclause 11.5). + +Independent of the configuration for the second GCR interrogation the relay MSC shall use the group call reference as defined in subclause 9.1 as the identity. + +### **b) Identities used for GCR requests for dispatcher originated voice broadcast calls** + +In case of dispatcher originated call the identity used by the MSC to interrogate the GCR shall consist of the broadcast call references defined in subclause 9.1. + +### **c) Identities used for notifications to service subscribers** + +Identities used for notification messages shall consist of the broadcast call reference as defined in subclause 9. + +### **d) Identities used by dispatchers for voice broadcast call establishment** + +For dispatcher originated calls an MSISDN is dialled. The Country Code (CC) and National Destination Code (NDC) are used as normal for routing purposes. The CC and NDC may be omitted for internal calls. The numbering scheme is based on ITU-T Recommendation E.164. The Subscriber Number (SN) is used to indicate: + +- the request of a broadcast call by use of a prefix. The length of the prefix shall be 1 to 2 digits [tbc]; +- the wanted broadcast call reference as defined in subclause 9.1. + +| | | | | +|----|-----|--------|--------------------------| +| CC | NDC | Prefix | Broadcast call reference | +|----|-----|--------|--------------------------| + +### **e) Identities used for VLR requests for service subscriber originated broadcast calls** + +The group ID shall be used on the B-Interface for VLR requests. + +### **f) Anchor MSC address for routing of service subscriber originated calls from originating MSC to anchor MSC** + +For service subscriber originated calls an anchor MSC address is used as called party address to route the call from the originating MSC to the anchor MSC. The anchor MSC address structure is the same as for dispatcher originated calls (see subclause d)). The Country Code (CC) and National Destination Code (NDC) are used as normal for routing purposes. The numbering scheme is based on ITU-T Recommendation E.164. The Subscriber Number (SN) is used to indicate: + +- the request of a broadcast call by use of a prefix. The length of the prefix shall be 1 to 2 digits; the actual value of the prefix may be different than the one dialled by dispatchers; + +- the wanted broadcast call reference as defined in subclause 9.1. + +| | | | | +|----|-----|--------|--------------------------| +| CC | NDC | Prefix | Broadcast call reference | +|----|-----|--------|--------------------------| + +### g) Identities used for notifications to dispatchers + +Identities used for notification messages to dispatchers shall be identical to those used by dispatchers to initiate calls as described in subclause d). + +A notification identity is presented to a dispatcher terminal by making use of CLIP. Between the anchor MSC and MSC to which the dispatcher is attached, the information may be carried using the Calling Party Number parameter or Generic Number Parameter as agreed between the network operators. The Country Code (CC) and National Destination Code (NDC) are used as normal for routing purposes. The numbering scheme is based on ITU-T Recommendation E.164. The Subscriber Number (SN) is used to indicate: + +- the indication of a broadcast call by use of a prefix. The length of the prefix shall be 1 to 2 digits; the actual value of the prefix shall be the same as the one dialled by dispatchers +- the broadcast call reference as defined in subclause 9.1. + +| | | | | +|-----------|------------|---------------|---------------------------------| +| CC | NDC | Prefix | Broadcast call reference | +|-----------|------------|---------------|---------------------------------| + +The Screening Indicator shall be set to "Network Provided" + +The Type of Number shall be set to "International" + +# 10 Operation and maintenance aspects + +NOTE: A list and short description of the operation and maintenance aspects will be given. This includes the options and parameters which can be set by the operator. + +- handling of timers; +- registration aspects etc. + +# 11 Function and information flows + +## 11.1 Broadcast function management + +The broadcast call attributes, as given in subclause 8.1 shall be entered and modified by the service provider. A list providing information on necessary Operation and Maintenance actions is given in clause 10. + +## 11.2 Group membership management + +Once the membership is established, the individual membership of the group can be placed in an active or deactive state on the SIM/USIM by the user. If a subscriber has a group ID in an active state, the subscriber is able to establish voice broadcast calls corresponding to that group ID if he is entitled for it. + +In a deactive state the mobile station prevents the service subscriber from establishing calls using the group ID and the corresponding notifications need to be "ignored" by the mobile station. + +The active state and deactive state entries may be password protected as an implementation option. + +Group IDs are listed in the subscription data within the network and on the SIM/USIM. The SIM/USIM must be returned to the network operator or service provider for updating if the subscription is to be changed. + +NOTE: Updating of subscription data over the radio interface is not considered. However, this shall not preclude future applications if corresponding mechanisms may be implemented. + +Users can interrogate their mobile stations to determine to which groups they are members and which subscriptions are currently in an active state. + +## 11.3 Call management + +### 11.3.1 Call establishment + +A voice broadcast call can be established by either a service subscriber or by a dispatcher. + +#### 11.3.1.1 Service subscriber call establishment + +##### 11.3.1.1.1 Initial stage + +The initial signalling from the calling service subscriber informs the network that a voice broadcast call is required and details the group ID; it may specify originator-to-dispatcher information. No information relative to the group call area is given by the calling service subscriber. + +The network shall perform a number of checks in order to determine how to handle the call: + +- check of the ability of the subscriber to establish the call; +- check whether the call can be initiated from the cell; +- check of the existence of an on-going call of the same broadcast call reference. + +The originating MSC shall check the VLR records for the ability of the subscriber to start the call. If the service subscriber has no subscription for the voice broadcast service with the indicated group ID, the call shall be released. In addition, the VLR shall return barring and identity presentation restriction checks to the MSC. + +In a RANflex configuration the originating MSC shall then derive the group call serving MSC address from the originating location area. If the group call serving MSC is different from the originating MSC (or in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy if the originating MSC does not belong to the group call serving MSC redundancy pool) then the group call serving MSC is interrogated by means of the MAP service SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO. The interrogation request contains the originating Cell Id and the Group Id. If the group call serving MSC is a relay MSC for the broadcast call, then its GCR shall derive the anchor MSC address and the broadcast call reference from the originating Cell Id and Group Id, and return it to the VMSC. If the group call serving MSC is the anchor MSC for the group call, then its GCR shall derive the broadcast call reference from the originating Cell Id and Group Id, and return it to the VMSC. + +Without RANflex configuration or if in a RANflex configuration with or without group call redundancy the originating MSC is the group call serving MSC (derived from the originating location area) it shall then request information from the GCR by giving the group ID and the originating cell ID as defined in subclause 9.2. + +If the length of the group ID is less than 8 decimal digits, the GCR first derives the group call area ID from the group ID and the originating cell ID. If no group call area ID is related to the group ID and originating cell ID, the call shall be released. If a group call area ID is related to the group ID and originating cell ID, the GCR shall transfer the corresponding broadcast call attributes to the MSC. + +If the group ID has a length of 8 decimal digits, the group call reference is equal to the group ID. The GCR shall check whether the call was initiated within the group call area stored in the GCR. If not, the call shall be released; otherwise, the GCR shall transfer the corresponding group call attributes to the MSC. + +When the GCR has transferred the broadcast call attributes to the MSC, the call shall be considered as on-going by the GCR, unless the GCR's associated MSC acts as group call relay MSC in a RANflex configuration with or without group call redundancy. + +The GCR of the relay MSC and in a RANflex configuration with or without group call redundancy, if the group call serving MSC of the initiating service subscriber's current LAC is different from the VMSC, the GCR of this group call serving MSC shall store the initiating service subscriber's IMSI and originating cell id for later processing. + +If the originating MSC is not the group call anchor MSC for the voice broadcast call as indicated in the GCR, then the voice broadcast call request shall be passed to the group call anchor MSC; in that case, if the initiation of the voice broadcast call had specified originator-to-dispatcher information and processing of originator-to-dispatcher information is supported by the MSC, the originator-to-dispatcher information is transformed by the originating MSC into UUS1 and sent to the anchor MSC. + +When passing the call request to the anchor MSC the originating MSC shall include the VBS prefix plus broadcast call reference in the calling party number of the IAM. If in a RANflex configuration the originating MSC is not the group call serving MSC, it shall in addition include the address of the group call serving MSC in the generic number parameter of the IAM, with the number qualifier indicator set to "additional calling party number". Without RANflex configuration or if in a RANflex configuration with or without group call redundancy the originating MSC is the group call serving MSC, it shall additionally include the address of the originating relay MSC in the generic number parameter of the IAM, with the number qualifier indicator set to "additional calling party number", when passing the call request to the anchor MSC. + +If the group call reference is composed of Group ID and group call area ID, it is possible that two service subscribers or a service subscriber and a dispatcher or two dispatchers may attempt to establish a call using the same group ID and corresponding to the same group call area ID. If the two voice broadcast calls are established with the same group ID but for different group call areas, then separate voice broadcast calls shall be established. If the group call areas overlap, it is up to receiving mobile station to determine which call to participate in. If more than one call is made to identical group ID and group call area, the network shall reject all but one of the call attempts. + +If the group ID has a length of 8 decimal digits, if more than one call attempt is made to the same group ID, the network shall reject all but one of the call attempts. + +If the GCR receives a new interrogation related to a broadcast call reference where the call is indicated as on-going in the GCR, the GCR shall provide the on-going status together with the broadcast call reference and - in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy - together with the address of the MSC within the redundancy pool where the group call is ongoing back to the MSC. The MSC shall then + +- a) in a configuration without RANflex; +- b) in a RANflex configuration; and +- c) in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, if the group call is ongoing at the requesting MSC: + +release the call with a cause user busy in case of a service subscriber originated call request. The mobile station of the service subscriber shall then look for notifications of the respective group ID on the NCH and join the voice broadcast call. In case of a dispatcher originated voice broadcast call request, the MSC shall join the dispatcher to the distribution function of the voice broadcast call, or + +- d) in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy, if the broadcast call is ongoing at another MSC within the redundancy pool: + +forward the original request to the MSC within the redundancy pool where the broadcast call is ongoing. + +A service subscriber which is entitled by his subscription to establish voice broadcast calls while roaming shall only be able to use supra-PLMN group IDs as defined in subclause 9.1 in case of roaming. In case of roaming, the mobile station shall only react on notifications for supra-PLMN group IDs. + +If the group ID has a length of 8 decimal digits, the operator can define for this group ID only one group call and one group call area within his network. If the length of the group ID is less than 8 decimal digits, the operator can define more than one group call using the same group ID, but different group call areas. Because of the possibility of overlapping group call areas, each call requires a unique reference, assigned by the GCR related to the originating MSC or the group call serving MSC (in a RANflex configuration). The broadcast call reference shall be composed of the group ID and a group call area ID (see clause 9). + +Authentication of the calling service subscriber can be performed by the network as for normal calls. + +##### 11.3.1.1.2 Establishment of the transmission means + +A voice broadcast call channel shall be established in all the cells throughout the identified group call area using physical channels selected by the BSCs as appropriate. The downlink channels shall be established without any return signalling from mobile stations. Whilst the downlink channel is being established, the MSC shall form a distribution + +function containing the appropriate channels to all BTSs in the group call area or in case of A-interface link sharing to all BSCs in the group call area. The MSC is responsible for adding dispatchers to the distribution function. + +Alternatively, the network may establish voice broadcast channels in a cell on demand, i.e. if mobile stations respond to the notifications as defined in subclause 4.2.2.1 (see "uplink reply procedure"). As a network option the applicability of the uplink reply procedure for a voice broadcast call can be controlled by the GCR of the anchor MSC. If the anchor MSC supports this feature, it shall allow all affected BSCs to establish voice broadcast call channels on demand only if the GCR indicates that the uplink reply procedure is applicable. If the relay MSC supports this feature, it shall allow all affected BSCs to establish voice broadcast call channels on demand only if the anchor MSC indicates during the establishment of the voice broadcast call that the uplink reply procedure is applicable. + +In parallel, a dedicated suitable channel is allocated to the calling service subscriber if not already the case. The call will be considered established provided that at least the downlink channel in the originating cell, in the case of a service subscriber originated voice broadcast call, or the downlink channel in any one cell within the group call area, in the case of a dispatcher originated voice broadcast call, is established. The MSC shall signal to the calling service subscriber that this has occurred so that he knows when to start speaking. If a voice broadcast call does not meet the above conditions in a configurable time (Txx) then the call shall be released. + +The mobile station shall indicate connection to the subscriber. If channels could not be established in particular cells because of congestion, channels are allocated to these cells as soon as possible. + +The MSC may retry the VBS Assignment procedure to establish channels in cells where they are missing. If supported, the procedure may be initiated when: + +- i) congestion (i.e. a lack of A-interface circuits) prevented the VBS ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message from being sent to the BSS; +- ii) a VBS ASSIGNMENT FAILURE message is received and the cause value indicates an acceptable reason for retry (e.g. no radio resource available); +- iii) the radio and terrestrial resources for the broadcast call channel are cleared (broadcast call on-going) and the cause value indicates an acceptable reason for retry (e.g. pre-emption); +- iv) no response to the VBS ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message is received (this is determined by the MSC in an implementation-dependent manner such as expiry of a timer); or +- v) no response is received following receipt of a VBS QUEUING INDICATION (this is determined by the MSC in an implementation-dependent manner such as expiry of a timer). + +NOTE: If A-interface link sharing or broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS apply, the BSC is responsible for establishing/re-establishing channels in cells and scenario (ii) and (iii) do not apply, unless A-interface resources also need to be re-established (e.g. when the PCM system serving the A-interface circuit fails (equipment failure)). Scenario (v) does not apply to A-interface link sharing and broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS. + +The MSC may repeat the VBS assignment procedure until a VBS ASSIGNMENT RESULT message is received, the call is released or an unacceptable reason for retry (e.g. protocol error between BSS and MSC) is received by the MSC. The time between subsequent retries is implementation-dependent. The MSC shall send each retry of the VBS ASSIGNMENT REQUEST over a new resource-controlling SCCP connection. + +If a message is received with an unacceptable reason for retry then existing procedures apply. I.e. the MSC shall initiate the clearing of the radio and terrestrial resources, if necessary, and no further attempts to establish a broadcast call channel in the cell are made. + +While using the retry procedure the MSC shall maintain the call controlling SCCP connection to a BSS until the call is released or until the MSC decides to stop any further attempts to establish broadcast call channels for the call on a BSS where no cells are established. + +##### 11.3.1.1.3 Release of the dedicated transmission means of mobile stations responding to a notification + +Mobile stations which respond to a notification for which no description of the voice broadcast channel was given in the notification message may be given a dedicated connection up to the time where the network requests the mobile station to join the voice broadcast channel by use of a channel release procedure. + +#### 11.3.1.2 Dispatcher call establishment + +In the case of dispatchers originated calls the call request, in the form of an MSISDN number, shall be received at a GMSC. Such a call can be treated by the GMSC as a normal mobile terminated call. In this case, the GMSC shall interrogate an HLR, determined on the basis of the MSISDN number. The HLR in turn may either interrogate the appropriate MSC/VLR to obtain an MSRN, or may supply an MSRN predefined in the HLR and related to the respective broadcast call reference in the MSC/VLR. If the HLR interrogates the MSC/VLR for the MSRN, the HLR shall provide this MSC/VLR with the related IMSI including the broadcast call reference as defined in clause 9. + +Alternatively, the call request can be forwarded directly to the related group call anchor MSC on basis of the GMSC's internal routing table. In this case, the broadcast call reference shall already be included in the requested MSISDN number as defined in clause 9. + +When interrogated by the group call anchor MSC, the GCR shall check if the calling line identity is within the list of dispatcher identities allowed to establish the voice broadcast call. If not the case, the call shall be rejected. + +After reception of the call request, the group call anchor MSC checks whether an on-going call of the same broadcast call reference exists, in which case for the following configurations + +- a) for configurations with or without RANflex; +- b) for RANflex configurations; and +- c) for RANflex configurations with group call redundancy where the broadcast call is ongoing at the call request receiving MSC: + +the group call anchor MSC shall add the dispatcher to the call, and for the following configuration + +- d) for RANflex configurations with group call redundancy where the broadcast call is ongoing at another MSC within the redundancy pool: + +the call request receiving MSC shall forward the call request to the MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing. + +At the point at which notification messages are sent to mobile stations, a tone is relayed to the calling dispatcher to inform him that he can commence his message. + +#### 11.3.1.3 Notification procedures + +Different notification procedures shall be applied in relation to the mode of the mobile station as presented in table 1 and defined in the following clauses. + +**Table 1: Overview on different information messages for new or on-going calls** + +| Incoming call type:
MS states: | VBS or VGCS call | point-to-point call | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------|-----------------------------------| +| Idle mode | (section a) | (standard paging) | +| Originator in dedicated channel mode | (section b) | (section c) | +| group receive mode | (section b) | (section c) | +| dedicated mode | (section b) | (standard Call Waiting)
(note) | +| NOTE: Only for point to point calls with certain restrictions as defined in 3GPP TS 22.083. | | | + +##### a) Notification for mobile stations in idle mode + +Once the voice broadcast channel has been established in a cell or the network is waiting to receive notification responses to establish a voice broadcast channel, notifications shall be broadcast on the NCH in that cell. + +The position of the NCH shall be derived from the system information of the BCCH. + +The notification messages shall include the broadcast call reference and possibly the description of the voice broadcast channel, the call priority if eMLPP is applied, and the group cipher key number. + +A notification message can contain no, one or more notifications. + +The notification process needs to continue throughout the duration of the broadcast call, in order to permit the "late entry" of other mobile stations. Mobile stations moving into the group call area which are in idle mode shall be directed to the voice broadcast channel by the notification messages, possibly by means of the notification response procedure. + +The scheduling of the notification messages in a cell shall be managed by the BSS. Information can be added in the messages to limit the required reception of NCH messages. The following constraints shall be met: + +- the three first initial notifications (i.e. the first for a given broadcast call) shall have priority over subsequent notifications (i.e. the messages for an on-going broadcast call) and must be sent as soon as possible; + +NOTE 1: In addition initial notification messages for calls with or above an operator defined priority level can be sent on all possible paging or access grant channels to reduce the delay for those mobile stations which are not using DRX. + +- afterwards, an on-going broadcast call in the cell shall be periodically notified on the NCH. + +Since the information for the establishment of a voice broadcast call is sent onto the NCH rather than on the PCH as for normal point-to-point calls, the mobile station must listen to the PCH as well as to the NCH. A "reduced NCH monitoring" mechanism can be used to save power in the mobile station when listening to the NCH. + +A mobile station able to receive voice broadcast calls either, depending on the implementation: + +- can use the "reduced NCH monitoring" mechanism. When entering a cell, the mobile station shall listen to the NCH to get the notifications of the voice broadcast calls on-going in the cell. Afterwards, the mobile station needs to listen to the NCH only if it is informed on the availability of a notification for a new voice broadcast call. This shall be based on the NCH status information provided, as indicated in 3GPP TS 44.018. +- do not apply the "reduced NCH monitoring" mechanism and read all possible paging or access grant channels. + +##### **b) Notification for mobile stations in group receive mode, dedicated mode or originator in dedicated channel mode** + +In addition to sending initial notification messages on the NCH for the voice broadcast call, the BSS can provide initial notification into on-going voice broadcast, group calls, and point to point calls informing mobile stations partaking in these calls of new voice broadcast calls that are being set-up in the cell. + +NOTE 2: The additional notification into on-going voice broadcast, group calls and point to point calls should be provided by the BSS if the priority level of the new call is equal or higher than the O&M defined priority level. + +In order to do this the BSS sends initial notification messages on FACCH to all other on-going voice broadcast, group calls, and point to point calls in the cell. The initial notification message on FACCH shall contain the broadcast call reference, the priority level if eMLPP applies and possibly the TCH description which allows the mobile station to connect directly to the new call without reading the NCH. + +An indication of change of notifications in the current cell may be provided on SACCH by the BSS. + +As a mobile station option, the mobile station may read the NCH of the current cell while in group receive mode, dedicated mode or originator in dedicated channel mode in order to be notified on other voice broadcast calls. + +NOTE 3: Mobile stations may require an additional receiver to read the NCH in order to ensure a higher probability of receiving notifications for all present voice broadcast calls without degradation of the received speech quality. + +Late entry of mobile stations into ongoing high priority group calls is covered by the following mechanisms: + +- Late entrance in dedicated mode + +If a mobile station in dedicated mode is moving into an area where a group call (VGCS or VBS) with priority level equal or higher to an operator specific setting is on-going, the BSS shall resend the notification message to the mobile station on FACCH, if the mobile station has ASCII capabilities. This notification shall be triggered by completion of the dedicated channel assignment. + +Sending periodical notification on FACCH to mobile station in dedicated mode is optional, and is done as long as the group call (VGCS or VBS) with priority level equal or higher to an operator specific setting, is ongoing, with a repetition period given by an operator specific setting. + +- Late entrance in group receive or group transmit mode + +When a group call (VGCS or VBS) with priority level equal or higher to an operator specific setting, is established, the BSS shall send periodical notification on FACCH to all on-going voice broadcast and group calls in the cell, except on the FACCH of the group call (VGCS or VBS) which has initiated this periodical notification. By this method the mobile station in group receive or group transmit mode moving into this cell is notified. Periodical notification on FACCH is done as long as the group call (VGCS or VBS) with priority level equal or higher to an operator specific setting, is ongoing, with a repetition period given by an operator specific setting. + +NOTE 3a: The operator determined Periodical FACCH notification period shall be a BSS specific operator setting and be a minimum of 1s and maximum of 5s. + +##### c) Paging into on-going voice broadcast calls + +Paging into on-going voice broadcast calls shall be provided as an implementation option. + +In addition to establishing the links for the voice broadcast call, the network can provide paging information into on-going voice broadcast calls informing mobile stations partaking in a voice broadcast call of new incoming point-to-point calls. + +The mobile station shall be ready to receive a paging message on the FACCH containing the mobile subscriber identity and the priority level if eMLPP applies. + +In the event of a reorganisation of the PCH the BSS shall inform the mobile stations via the SACCH that paging reorganisation has occurred. A mobile station receiving this indication shall decode the BCCH in order to obtain the new paging configuration. + +As a mobile station option, the mobile station may read its paging subchannel in the current cell in group receive mode or group transmit mode in order to receive paging messages. + +NOTE 4: Mobile stations may require an additional receiver to read its PCH subchannel in order to ensure a higher probability of receiving all relevant paging messages without degradation of the received speech quality. The additional receiver may be the same as used for reception of the NCH described under b) above. + +#### 11.3.1.4 Destination service subscribers + +Mobile stations of destination service subscribers which are in idle mode shall listen to notification messages on the NCH and move to the voice broadcast channel or respond to the notification. + +Mobile stations which are busy shall either pre-empt the current call (if eMLPP is applied and the new call is of a sufficient priority, or shall provide the service subscriber with an indication similar to call waiting, when applicable. + +#### 11.3.1.5 Destination dispatchers + +Destination dispatchers are connected into the voice broadcast call as a standard point-to-point call. The notification of the identity of the received broadcast call shall be supplied in the Calling Line Identity, formatted according to sub-clause 9.2. + +### 11.3.2 Call release + +The voice broadcast call can be terminated by the calling service subscriber or the calling dispatcher clearing it down, or by any dispatcher nominated in the GCR allowed to terminate the call. + +#### 11.3.2.1 Call termination by the calling subscriber + +If the calling service subscriber issues a termination request a channel release message shall be sent on the FACCH of all cells in the group call area and then all resources are freed. + +#### 11.3.2.2 Call termination by dispatchers + +A dispatcher entitled to terminate the call can be a mobile subscriber or a fixed line subscriber. The dispatcher may use out-of-band DTMF messages as a means for the control of the call termination, if it is a mobile dispatcher, or DTMF tones, if it is a fixed line dispatcher. + +If the call is terminated by a mobile dispatcher using DTMF, the out-of-band messages START\_DTMF(X) and STOP\_DTMF are sent via the radio interface towards the network. If the out-of-band DTMF messages are sent by a mobile dispatcher who is not controlled by the anchor MSC, the DTMF messages will be converted by the controlling MSC (e.g. relay MSC or visited MSC) into DTMF tones and these DTMF tones will be sent through the network to the anchor MSC. + +If a fixed dispatcher initiates DTMF tones, the DTMF tones will be sent through the network to the anchor MSC. + +Both in case of a mobile and a fixed line dispatcher the anchor MSC is responsible for the detection and collection of the out-of-band or in-band DTMF signals. After the evaluation of the DTMF signals, the anchor MSC has to trigger the appropriate function (see the figures 4b to 4d in 11.3.8). + +In order to avoid the erroneous detection of the specific DTMF tone sequence for call termination by the MSC, this sequence shall consist of at least three DTMF digits. + +### 11.3.3 Leaving of a dispatcher + +When the calling dispatcher releases his call leg, the entire VBS call shall be terminated. A dispatcher who is not the originator can disconnect from the call at any time without terminating the call. In order to terminate the call a dispatcher who is entitled to do this must use the explicit signalling described in subclause 11.3.2.1. + +### 11.3.4 Leaving and returning to a voice broadcast call of a service subscriber + +A destination service subscriber shall automatically disconnect from the call when leaving the group call area. + +If the calling subscriber leaves the group call area or enters a BSC area not belonging to the service area, the call shall be terminated by the network, once the network has detected that the calling subscriber has left the Group Call Area. + +A destination subscriber' mobile station shall leave the voice broadcast call by no longer listening to the voice broadcast channel downlink and returning to idle mode. A broadcast call is returned to by listening to the periodic notification messages for that call, and reacting on them appropriately. + +### 11.3.5 Cell change + +#### 11.3.5.1 Listening subscriber + +In all cases change of cell shall be initiated and performed by the service subscriber's mobile station. In order for the service subscribers changing from one cell to another within the group call area a cell list for the neighbouring cells belonging to this broadcast call area is periodically broadcast on the downlink SACCH of the voice broadcast call. In this case, mobile stations entering a new cell shall perform cell change according to the algorithm C2, see 3GPP TS 45.008 and 3GPP TS 43.022. + +Mobile stations which want to enter a cell shall listen to the BCCH and to the NCH to determine which channel they shall retune to so that they can continue with the voice broadcast call if available in that cell. + +NOTE: Mobile stations may require an additional receiver to read the BCCH and NCH of the neighbour cells in order to ensure a higher probability of receiving the relevant messages without degradation of the received speech quality. The additional receiver may be the same as used in subclause 11.3.1.3. + +Mobile stations entering a new location area shall perform location updating as normal. + +#### 11.3.5.2 Calling service subscriber + +Standard mobile station assisted handover shall be used for the cell change of the calling service subscriber as defined on 3GPP TS 45.008. + +If the BSS does not know if one or more of the target cells are outside the group call area, the BSS shall use the MSC controlled handover procedure. The MSC shall reject the handover in the case that all target cells are outside the GCA and as an option release the call. + +#### 11.3.5.3 Dispatcher + +Dispatchers which are mobile subscribers shall change the cell by standard handover procedures. + +### 11.3.6 New calls + +Any service subscriber originated new voice broadcast calls which have identical group ID and group call area to on-going voice broadcast calls shall be rejected by the network with cause busy. The mobile station shall then read the notifications for the corresponding group ID on the NCH. + +For any dispatcher originated new voice broadcast calls which are identical to on-going voice broadcast calls as described above the network shall include the dispatcher in the on-going call. + +Otherwise, new calls are treated as detailed in subclause 11.3.8. In the case of congestion, voice broadcast calls are treated according to their priority with each BSC treating each downlink depending on the situation in each cell to which the call is sent. Therefore, it is possible that a voice broadcast call might be established only in a subset of the required cells. + +In the case where there are no distribution function free, and pre-emption is not performed, then the call request shall be rejected. + +In the case of group members involved in voice broadcast or point-to-point calls who have been informed of a new voice broadcast call, the mobile station shall make a decision as to which to monitor as if both the on-going call and new call were point-to-point calls, and follow the procedure defined in 3GPP TS 23.067. + +### 11.3.7 Uplink transmission management + +The uplink related to the voice broadcast channel downlink is not used. No UPLINK\_BUSY information is required. + +### 11.3.7a Signalling procedures for the user plane + +#### 11.3.7a.1 Broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS + +The MSC and BSC negotiate during the setup of a voice broadcast call whether broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS is supported by both entities. + +If broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS is supported by both entities or the network uses a transmission architecture with A-interface link sharing, the following procedures apply: + +- i) If the BSS needs to release the broadcast call channel in a cell due to an equipment failure or another BSS-generated reason (e.g. preemption), the BSS shall inform the MSC of the failure with a VBS Assignment Status message. + +The terrestrial resource for the broadcast call channel is not released by the MSC. + +- ii) When the condition that caused the failure is subsequently removed, the BSS shall re-allocate a radio resource for the broadcast call channel and inform the MSC of the recovery with a VBS Assignment Status message. +- iii) If A-interface link sharing is used, each of the VBS ASSIGNMENT STATUS messages in item (i) and (ii) shall be sent after expiry of timer Tast. + +Otherwise, if broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS is not supported by both entities and the network does not use a transmission architecture with A-interface link sharing, the following procedures apply: + +- i) If the BSS needs to release the broadcast call channel in a cell due to an equipment failure or another BSS-generated reason (e.g. preemption), the BSS shall inform the MSC of the failure with a Clear Request message. +- ii) The MSC shall then initiate the clearing of the radio and terrestrial resources for the broadcast call channel. If supported, the MSC may retry the VBS Assignment procedure for the cell, depending on the reason for release. + +Broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS does not apply to the dedicated link of the originating service subscriber, i.e. if the BSS needs to release the dedicated channel of the originating service subscriber due to an equipment failure or another BSS-generated reason (e.g. preemption), the BSS shall inform the MSC of the failure with a Clear Request message. The MSC shall then initiate release of the voice broadcast call. + +### 11.3.8 Overview of signalling + +In this overview, the messages required to implement the specified concept are identified, and brief details are given of each message. + +A diagrammatic representation of the voice broadcast call message structure proposed and actions required are given in figures 2 to 4f. + +In order to simplify the message flows for voice broadcast call establishment and call termination, the interaction between the MSC and the GCR is only shown for the MSC where the originator of the broadcast call is located or, for the case of a broadcast call originated by a dispatcher, only for the anchor MSC. In all cases, a similar interaction also takes place between the other MSC(s) and associated GCR(s) involved in the group call. + +Summary of figures in this subclause: + +Figure 2: voice broadcast call establishment by a service subscriber roaming in the anchor MSC area; + +Figure 3: voice broadcast call establishment by a service subscriber roaming in the relay MSC area; + +Figure 3a: voice broadcast call establishment by a service subscriber in a RANflex configuration; + +Figure 3b: voice broadcast call establishment by a mobile dispatcher or fixed line dispatcher; + +Figure 3c: Signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls by a service subscriber in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy + +Figure 4: termination of the broadcast call by the originating service subscriber; + +Figure 4a: voice broadcast call establishment by a service subscriber using immediate setup; + +Figure 4b: termination of the broadcast call by an entitled mobile dispatcher controlled by the anchor MSC; + +Figure 4c: termination of the broadcast call by an entitled mobile dispatcher controlled by a visited MSC; + +Figure 4d: termination of the broadcast call by an entitled fixed line dispatcher. + +Figure 4e: A-interface link sharing used or broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS supported: Release after equipment failure (TRX, PCM, ...) concerning a cell not serving the originating service subscriber; + +Figure 4f: A-interface link sharing used or broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS supported: Release after equipment failure concerning the link between MSC and BSS; + + + +![Sequence diagram showing network signaling between MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-A, VLR, GCR, FNT, and MSC-R. The diagram includes messages such as SYSY_INFO, RACH, IMM_ASS, SABM, COM_L3_INFO, PROC_ACC_REQUIREMENT, UA, PROC_ACC_ACK, Authentication & Ciphering, SETUP, SEND_INFO_OUT, COMPLETE_CALL, ASS_REQ, CH_MOD_MODFY, and GCR_INT.](9f6dec4d4e9fde40bce018861ef1278e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS_prime as MS' + participant MSs as MSs + participant BSS as BSS + participant MSC_A as MSC-A + participant VLR as VLR + participant GCR as GCR + participant FNT as FNT + participant MSC_R as MSC-R + + Note left of MS_prime: SYSY_INFO (NCH allocated) + MSs->>MS_prime: + MS_prime->>BSS: RACH (CHAN_REQ) + BSS->>MSs: + MSs->>MS_prime: IMM_ASS + MS_prime->>BSS: + MSs->>MS_prime: SABM (SERV_REQ) + BSS->>MSs: + MSs->>MSC_A: COM_L3_INFO + MSC_A->>VLR: PROC_ACC_REQUIREMENT + VLR->>MSC_A: + MSC_A->>VLR: PROC_ACC_ACK + VLR->>MSs: Authentication & Ciphering + MSs->>MSC_A: + MSs->>BSS: SETUP + MSC_A->>MSC_R: Txx SEND_INFO_OUT + MSC_R->>VLR: + VLR->>MSC_A: COMPLETE_CALL + MSC_A->>VLR: + VLR->>BSS: ASS_REQ + BSS->>MSs: + MSs->>BSS: CH_MOD_MODFY + BSS->>MSs: + MSs->>BSS: CH_MOD_MODFY_ACK + BSS->>MSs: + MSs->>MSC_A: ASS_COMP + MSC_A->>GCR: GCR_INT + GCR->>MSC_R: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing network signaling between MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-A, VLR, GCR, FNT, and MSC-R. The diagram includes messages such as SYSY\_INFO, RACH, IMM\_ASS, SABM, COM\_L3\_INFO, PROC\_ACC\_REQUIREMENT, UA, PROC\_ACC\_ACK, Authentication & Ciphering, SETUP, SEND\_INFO\_OUT, COMPLETE\_CALL, ASS\_REQ, CH\_MOD\_MODFY, and GCR\_INT. + +![Sequence diagram showing a call flow between a User Equipment (UE) and a Network (RNC, MSC-R). The sequence includes messages: VBS_ASS_REQ, VBS_AREA_CELL_INFO, GCR_INT_ACK, SETUP (to FN), PREPARE_GROUP_CALL, PREPARE_GROUPCALL_ACK, SETUP (to MSC-R), and CONNECT (from MSC-R).](329c96049bb432e9c2cbda4e224a0c9c_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant RNC + participant MSC-R + Note right of RNC: GCR_INT_ACK + RNC->>RNC: + Note right of RNC: SETUP (to FN) + RNC->>UE: VBS_ASS_REQ + UE-->>RNC: VBS_AREA_CELL_INFO + Note right of RNC: PREPARE_GROUP_CALL + RNC->>MSC-R: + MSC-R-->>RNC: PREPARE_GROUPCALL_ACK + Note right of RNC: SETUP (to MSC-R) + RNC->>MSC-R: + Note right of RNC: CONNECT (from MSC-R) + MSC-R-->>RNC: +``` + +Sequence diagram showing a call flow between a User Equipment (UE) and a Network (RNC, MSC-R). The sequence includes messages: VBS\_ASS\_REQ, VBS\_AREA\_CELL\_INFO, GCR\_INT\_ACK, SETUP (to FN), PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL, PREPARE\_GROUPCALL\_ACK, SETUP (to MSC-R), and CONNECT (from MSC-R). + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls by a service subscriber roaming in the anchor MSC area. Lifelines: MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-A, VLR, GCR, FNT, MSC-R. The diagram shows messages like VBS_ASS_RESULT, Tast, VBS_ASS_STATUS, NOTIFY_REQ (NCH), NOTIFY_REQ FACCH, CONNECT, PERIODIC NOTIF_REQ (NCH), and Periodic SACCH Info being exchanged between the entities.](c99bf3a0530a3e58f5f2d2790ba7441b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS' + participant MSs + participant BSS + participant MSC-A + participant VLR + participant GCR + participant FNT + participant MSC-R + + Note right of BSS: VBS_ASS_RESULT + BSS->>MSC-A: Tast + Note right of BSS: VBS_ASS_STATUS + BSS->>MSC-A: VBS_ASS_STATUS + BSS->>MSs: NOTIFY_REQ (NCH) + MSs-->>BSS: + BSS->>MSs: NOTIFY_REQ FACCH + MSs-->>BSS: + BSS->>MSs: CONNECT + MSs-->>BSS: + Note right of MSs: PERIODIC NOTIF_REQ (NCH) + MSs-->>BSS: + Note right of MSs: Periodic SACCH Info + Note right of MSC-A: SEND GROUP CALL END SIGNAL + FNT-->>MSC-A: + Note right of GCR: CONNECT (from FN) + GCR-->>MSC-A: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls by a service subscriber roaming in the anchor MSC area. Lifelines: MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-A, VLR, GCR, FNT, MSC-R. The diagram shows messages like VBS\_ASS\_RESULT, Tast, VBS\_ASS\_STATUS, NOTIFY\_REQ (NCH), NOTIFY\_REQ FACCH, CONNECT, PERIODIC NOTIF\_REQ (NCH), and Periodic SACCH Info being exchanged between the entities. + +NOTE: MS' calling service subscriber mobile station; + Mss destination service subscriber mobile stations + FNT fixed network user terminal + MSC-A anchor MSC; + MSC-R relay MSC. + +**Figure 2: Signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls by a service subscriber roaming in the anchor MSC area** + +**SYS\_INFO (NCH allocated):** Message used to indicate if the NCH is allocated on the CCCH in the cell. + +**Initial RACH CHAN\_REQ:** Standard message. + +**IMM\_ASS:** Standard message sent on the AGCH. + +**SERV\_REQ (voice broadcast call):** Modified form of the current call request message L3-MM CM SERVICE REQUEST sent on the allocated channel. Teleservice voice broadcast call is indicated. + +**UA (SERV\_REQ):** This message is used to acknowledge the layer 2 link and provide contention resolution of the service request. + +**COM\_L3\_INFO:** The MSC is provided with initial information about the voice broadcast call. + +NOTE 1: Messages flows for authentication and ciphering are not represented although performed as normal. + +**PROC\_ACC\_REQ:** The MAP\_PROCESS\_ACCESS\_REQUEST message is sent to the VLR to check the requested VBS teleservice against the subscription data. + +**PROC\_ACC\_ACK:** The MAP\_PROCESS\_ACCESS\_REQUEST ack message acknowledges the requested service. + +**Authentication & Ciphering:** Authentication and Ciphering may be performed. Acknowledgement of the service request can also be performed by sending the CM SERVICE ACCEPT. + +**SETUP:** The MSC is provided with details about the voice broadcast call. + +NOTE 2: Alternatively, an IMMEDIATE\_SETUP may have been sent as the initial message including all details of the voice broadcast call. In this case no SETUP message must be sent. + +**SEND\_INFO\_OUT:** The requested group ID is transferred to the VLR in the MAP\_SEND\_INFO\_FOR\_OUTGOING\_CALL message. + +**COMPLETE\_CALL:** The VLR returns the MAP\_COMPLETE\_CALL confirming the use of the requested group ID. + +**ASSIGNMENT\_REQUEST:** Standard message. + +**CHAN\_MOD\_MODFY:** Standard message to modify the channel mode in case of very early assignment. + +**CHAN\_MOD\_MODFY\_ACK:** Standard message to acknowledge the modification of the channel mode. + +**ASSIGNMENT\_COMPLETE:** Standard message. + +NOTE 3: Alternatively, early assignment or OACSU procedures might be applied with the corresponding assignment messages not presented in figure 2. + +**GCR\_INT:** The broadcast attributes are requested from the GCR. + +**GCR\_INT\_ACK:** The requested information is returned from the GCR. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_REQ:** This message is sent from the MSC to all affected BSCs, [one dedicated message for every requested channel in a cell] including the broadcast call reference, the channel type and possibly the call priority and details on the ciphering. + +NOTE 4: As an operator option the voice broadcast channels, the links to them and optionally also the links to dispatchers can already be established and permanently reserved in order to speed up the call set-up for emergency voice broadcast calls. + +In case of A-interface link sharing this message shall contain a list of all cells in the group call area served by this BSC. If the entire list of cell identifiers does not fit into the message, one or more VBS AREA CELL INFO messages with additional cell identifier lists shall be sent. If the cell of origin is served by this BSC, the cell shall be included in the VBS ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message. + +**VBS\_AREA\_CELL\_INFO:** This message shall contain the cell IDs that did not fit into the VBS ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message in case of A-interface link sharing. + +**PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL:** The broadcast attributes are sent to every relay MSC and a Group Call number for call set-up to is requested. + +**PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL\_ACK:** The Group Call number for call set-up is returned to the anchor MSC. + +**SETUP to MSC-R:** The ISUP connection is set-up to the relay MSC. + +**CONNECT from MSC-R:** Set-up of the ISUP connection to the relay MSC is confirmed. + +**SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL:** Indicates to the anchor MSC that at least one downlink channel has been established in the relay MSC area. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_RESULT:** Acknowledgement message from the affected BSC in answer to the assignment request. If the assignment is not successful, a VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_FAILURE message shall be sent instead. + +In case of A-interface link sharing this message shall be sent as soon as a channel could be established to the cell of origin or, if the cell of origin is not served by this BSC, to any other cell. Then timer Tast shall be started. + +**Tast:** In a network supporting A-interface link sharing timer Tast shall be used to measure the duration between periodic reports from the BSC to the MSC of Group Call Area cells for which channels have been assigned or released since the last periodic report. When timer Tast expires, if new cells in the Group Call Area have been established or existing ones have been released, pre-empted or failed, the MSC shall be informed of the changes (see subclause 7.1b). Timer Tast shall be started again to measure the period of time until the next report. The timer shall be stopped when the call is released. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_STATUS:** This message shall be sent in case of A-interface link sharing from the BSC to inform the MSC about the status of the channel establishment to the cells of a given VBS call. This message shall be sent after timer Tast expires and new channels are established or existing channels were released, pre-empted or failed. This message shall also be immediately sent, and Tast restarted, when all cells for a given group call area served by the BSC are established, indicating this. + +**SETUP to fixed network users:** Based on the information determined about the users of external networks to be involved in the call, the MSC shall initiate calls to these users in the normal manner, depending on their mode of connection into the MSC, and shall connect them to the distribution function. Alternatively normal calls to GSM subscribers may be established for dispatchers being GSM subscribers which are not presented in the diagram. + +**Txx:** Timer implemented in the MSC which is started with receipt of the SETUP message from the calling service subscriber. If the timer expires before the conditions for establishment have been met, as per subclause 11.3.1.1.2, then the call shall be released. + +**NOTIF\_REQ (NCH):** Messages for notification which contain the broadcast call reference, the priority of the call if eMLPP is applied, and possibly the channel description of the voice broadcast channel to which the mobile stations shall listen and the number of the group key used for ciphering. + +**NOTIF\_REQ (FACCH):** Message for notification sent on the FACCH to the mobile stations currently involved in other calls. The notification on the FACCH can include the broadcast call reference, and the priority level and may also include the channel description and the group ciphering key numbers. + +**Periodic NOTIF\_REQ (NCH):** The notifications are sent periodically so that mobile stations moving into the area can join the voice broadcast call. + +**Periodic SACCH Info:** Periodic messages sent on SACCH. This message may include: + +- information of changes of notifications; +- information used for cell reselection. + +**CONNECT:** Information to the mobile station of the calling service subscriber that the VBS is established with the related broadcast call reference as the connected number. The CONNECT message is sent as soon as conditions for establishment are met, as per subclause 11.3.1.1.2. + + + +![Sequence diagram showing network signaling between MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-R, VLR, GCR, and MSC-A. The diagram includes messages such as SYSY_INFO, RACH, IMM_ASS, SABM, COM_L3_INFO, PROC_ACC_REQUIREMENT, UA, PROC_ACC_ACK, Authentication & Ciphering, SETUP, SEND_INFO_OUT, COMPLETE_CALL, ASS_REQ, CH_MOD_MODFY, and GCR_INT.](8e80de0cac529b2c3775d677c5203133_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS_prime as MS' + participant MSs as MSs + participant BSS as BSS + participant MSC_R as MSC-R + participant VLR as VLR + participant GCR as GCR + participant MSC_A as MSC-A + + Note left of MS_prime: SYSY_INFO (NCH allocated) + MS_prime-->MSs: + MSs-->MS_prime: + MS_prime->>BSS: RACH (CHAN_REQ) + BSS-->>MS_prime: + MS_prime-->MSs: + MSs-->MS_prime: + MS_prime->>BSS: IMM_ASS + BSS-->>MS_prime: + MS_prime-->MSs: + MSs-->MS_prime: + MS_prime->>BSS: SABM (SERV_REQ) + BSS-->>MS_prime: + MS_prime-->MSs: + MSs-->MS_prime: + BSS->>MSC_R: COM_L3_INFO + MSC_R->>VLR: PROC_ACC_REQUIREMENT + VLR-->>MSC_R: + MSC_R->>VLR: PROC_ACC_ACK + VLR-->>MSC_R: + MSC_R->>MS_prime: Authentication & Ciphering + MS_prime-->>MSC_R: + MS_prime-->MSs: + MSs-->MS_prime: + MS_prime->>BSS: SETUP + BSS-->>MSC_R: + MSC_R->>VLR: SEND_INFO_OUT + VLR-->>MSC_R: + MSC_R->>VLR: COMPLETE_CALL + VLR-->>MSC_R: + MSC_R->>BSS: ASS_REQ + BSS-->>MSC_R: + MSC_R->>MS_prime: CH_MOD_MODFY + MS_prime-->>BSS: + MS_prime-->MSs: + MSs-->MS_prime: + MS_prime->>BSS: CH_MOD_MODFY_ACK + BSS-->>MS_prime: + MS_prime-->MSs: + MSs-->MS_prime: + BSS->>MSC_R: ASS_COMP + MSC_R->>GCR: GCR_INT + GCR-->>MSC_R: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing network signaling between MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-R, VLR, GCR, and MSC-A. The diagram includes messages such as SYSY\_INFO, RACH, IMM\_ASS, SABM, COM\_L3\_INFO, PROC\_ACC\_REQUIREMENT, UA, PROC\_ACC\_ACK, Authentication & Ciphering, SETUP, SEND\_INFO\_OUT, COMPLETE\_CALL, ASS\_REQ, CH\_MOD\_MODFY, and GCR\_INT. + +![Sequence diagram showing a series of messages between a central entity and a 'Txx' entity. The messages include GCR_INT_ACK, SETUP (to MSC-A), PREPARE_GROUP_CALL, GCR_INT, ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER, ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER ACK, and PREPARE_GROUP_CALL_ACK.](4e85fe330de2c4f5eea6de4b2a53c77f_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant Txx + Note left of Txx: GCR_INT_ACK + Note left of Txx: <----- + Note left of Txx: SETUP (to MSC-A) + Txx-->> Note left of Txx: + Note left of Txx: PREPARE_GROUP_CALL + Note left of Txx: <----- + Note left of Txx: GCR_INT + Note left of Txx: -----> + Note left of Txx: GCR_INT_ACK + Note left of Txx: <----- + Note left of Txx: ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER + Note left of Txx: -----> + Note left of Txx: ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER ACK + Note left of Txx: <----- + Note left of Txx: PREPARE_GROUP_CALL_ACK + Txx-->> Note left of Txx: +``` + +Sequence diagram showing a series of messages between a central entity and a 'Txx' entity. The messages include GCR\_INT\_ACK, SETUP (to MSC-A), PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL, GCR\_INT, ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER, ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER ACK, and PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL\_ACK. + +![Sequence diagram showing network interactions between MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-R, VLR, GCR, and MSC-A. The diagram includes messages such as SETUP (from MSC-A), RELEASE GROUP CALL NUMBER, VBS_ASS_REQ, VBS_AREA_CELL_INFO, VBS_ASS_RESULT, CONNECT (to MSC-A), NOTIFY_REQ (NCH), NOTIFY_REQ (FACCH), SEND_GROUP_CALL_END_SIGNAL (IMSI), CONNECT (from MSC-A), PERIODIC NOTIF_REQ (NCH), and Periodic SACCH Info.](be3e5fe8be7cc5a74f67a4b8ac93193d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS' + participant MSs + participant BSS + participant MSC-R + participant VLR + participant GCR + participant MSC-A + + Note over MSC-R, MSC-A: SETUP (from MSC-A) + MSC-A-->MSC-R: + Note over MSC-R, VLR: RELEASE GROUP CALL NUMBER + MSC-R-->VLR: + Note over BSS, MSC-R: VBS_ASS_REQ + MSC-R-->BSS: + Note over BSS, MSC-R: VBS_AREA_CELL_INFO + MSC-R-->BSS: + Note over BSS, MSC-R: VBS_ASS_RESULT + Note left of BSS: Tast + BSS-->MSC-R: + Note over MSC-R, MSC-A: CONNECT (to MSC-A) + MSC-R-->MSC-A: + Note over BSS, MSC-R: VBS_ASS_STATUS + BSS-->MSC-R: + Note over MSs, BSS: NOTIFY_REQ (NCH) + BSS-->MSs: + Note over MSs, BSS: NOTIFY_REQ (FACCH) + BSS-->MSs: + Note over MSC-R, MSC-A: SEND_GROUP_CALL_END_SIGNAL (IMSI) + MSC-R-->MSC-A: + Note over MSC-R, MSC-A: CONNECT (from MSC-A) + MSC-A-->MSC-R: + Note over MS', MSC-R: CONNECT + MSC-R-->MS': + Note over MSs, BSS: PERIODIC NOTIF_REQ (NCH) + BSS-->MSs: + Note over MSs, BSS: Periodic SACCH Info + BSS-->MSs: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing network interactions between MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-R, VLR, GCR, and MSC-A. The diagram includes messages such as SETUP (from MSC-A), RELEASE GROUP CALL NUMBER, VBS\_ASS\_REQ, VBS\_AREA\_CELL\_INFO, VBS\_ASS\_RESULT, CONNECT (to MSC-A), NOTIFY\_REQ (NCH), NOTIFY\_REQ (FACCH), SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL (IMSI), CONNECT (from MSC-A), PERIODIC NOTIF\_REQ (NCH), and Periodic SACCH Info. + +NOTE: MS' = calling service subscriber mobile station; + Mss = destination service subscriber mobile stations; + MSC-A = anchor MSC; + MSC-R = relay MSC. + +**Figure 3: Signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls by a service subscriber roaming in the relay-MSC area** + +**SYS\_INFO (NCH allocated):** Message used to indicate if the NCH is allocated on the CCCH in the cell. + +**Initial RACH CHAN\_REQ:** Standard message. + +**IMM\_ASS:** Standard message sent on the AGCH. + +**SERV\_REQ (voice broadcast call):** Modified form of the current call request message L3-MM CM SERVICE REQUEST sent on the allocated channel. Teleservice Voice broadcast call is indicated. + +**UA (SERV\_REQ):** This message is used to acknowledge the layer 2 link and provide contention resolution of the service request. + +**COM\_L3\_INFO:** The MSC is provided with initial information about the voice broadcast call. + +NOTE 5: Messages flows for authentication and ciphering are not represented although performed as normal. + +**PROC\_ACC\_REQ:** The MAP\_PROCESS\_ACC\_REQ message is sent to the VLR to check the requested VBS teleservice against the subscription data. + +**PROC\_ACC\_ACK:** The MAP\_PROCESS\_ACC\_ACK message acknowledges the requested service. + +**Authentication & Ciphering:** Authentication and Ciphering may be performed. Acknowledgement of the service request can also be performed by sending the CM SERVICE ACCEPT. + +**SETUP:** The MSC is provided with details about the voice broadcast call. + +NOTE 6: Alternatively, an IMMEDIATE\_SETUP may have been sent as the initial message including all details of the voice broadcast call. In this case no SETUP message must be sent. + +**SEND\_INFO\_OUT:** The requested group ID is transferred to the VLR in the MAP\_SEND\_INFO\_FOR\_OUTGOING\_CALL message. + +**COMPLETE\_CALL:** The VLR returns the MAP\_COMPLETE\_CALL message confirming the use of the requested group ID. + +**ASSIGNMENT\_REQUEST:** Standard message. + +**CHAN\_MOD\_MODFY:** Standard message to modify the channel mode in case of very early assignment. + +**CHAN\_MOD\_MODFY\_ACK:** Standard message to acknowledge the modification of the channel mode. + +**ASSIGNMENT\_COMPLETE:** Standard message. + +NOTE 7: Alternatively, early assignment or OACSU procedures might be applied with the corresponding assignment messages not presented in this figure. + +**GCR\_INT:** The broadcast call attributes are requested from the GCR. + +**GCR\_INT\_ACK:** The requested information (MSC-A address) is returned from the GCR. + +**SETUP to MSC-A:** Based on information received from the GCR the relay MSC shall set-up a dedicated connection for the calling service subscriber to the anchor MSC. The VBS prefix plus broadcast call reference shall be sent as calling party number, and the address of the calling service subscriber's relay MSC shall be sent as generic number parameter, with the number qualifier indicator set to "additional calling party number". + +**PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL:** The broadcast call attributes (parts) are received from the anchor MSC. + +**GCR\_INT:** The broadcast call attributes are requested from the GCR. + +**GCR\_INT\_ACK:** The requested information (cell list) is returned from the GCR. + +**ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER:** The Group Call number is requested from the VLR. + +**ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER ACK:** The Group Call number is returned from the VLR. + +**PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL\_ACK:** The Group Call number is sent to MSC-A. + +**SETUP from MSC-A:** The ISUP connection is set-up between MSC-A and MSC-R. + +**RELEASE GROUP CALL NUMBER:** The VLR is requested to release the Group Call number. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_REQ:** This message is sent from the MSC to all affected BSCs, [one dedicated message for every requested channel in a cell,] including the broadcast call reference, the channel type and possibly the call priority and details on the ciphering. + +NOTE 8: As an operator option the voice broadcast call channels, the links to them and optionally also the links to dispatchers can already be established and permanently reserved in order to speed up the call set-up for emergency voice broadcast calls. + +In case of A-interface link sharing this message shall contain a list of all cells in the group call area served by this BSC. If the entire list of cell identifiers does not fit into the message, one or more VBS AREA CELL INFO messages with additional cell identifier lists shall be sent. If the cell of origin is served by this BSC, the cell shall be included in the VBS ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message. + +**VBS\_AREA\_CELL\_INFO:** This message shall contain the cell IDs that did not fit into the VBS ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message in case of A-interface link sharing. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT RESULT:** Acknowledgement message from the affected BSC in answer to the assignment requests. If the assignment is not successful, a VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_FAILURE message shall be sent instead. + +In case of A-interface link sharing this message shall be sent as soon as a channel could be established to the cell of origin or, if the cell of origin is not served by this BSC, to any other cell. Then timer Tast shall be started. + +**Tast:** In a network supporting A-interface link sharing timer Tast shall be used to measure the duration between periodic reports from the BSC to the MSC of Group Call Area cells for which channels have been assigned or released since the last periodic report. When timer Tast expires, if new cells in the Group Call Area have been established or existing ones have been released, pre-empted or failed the MSC shall be informed of the changes (see subclause 7.1b). Timer Tast shall be started again to measure the period of time until the next report. The timer shall be stopped when the call is released. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_STATUS:** This message shall be sent in case of A-interface link sharing from the BSC to inform the MSC about the status of the channel establishment to the cells of a given VBS call. This message shall be sent after timer Tast expires and new channels are established or existing channels are released, pre-empted or failed. This message shall also be immediately sent, and Tast restarted, when all cells for a given group call area served by the BSC are established, indicating this. + +**CONNECT to MSC-A:** Set-up of the ISUP connection from the anchor MSC is confirmed. + +**SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL (IMSI):** This message is sent by the relay MSC on receipt of the VBS ASSIGNMENT RESULT message for the cell in which the call was originated. The IMSI of the calling service subscriber who has established the voice broadcast call indicates to the anchor MSC that this message is sent by the relay MSC where the call was originated and that conversation can start. + +If there is more than one relay MSC involved in the VBS call, all other relay MSCs send the SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL message to the anchor MSC when at least one downlink channel has been established in that relay MSC area. In these other SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL messages no IMSI is included. + +**NOTIF\_REQ (NCH):** Messages for notification which contain the broadcast call reference, the priority of the call if eMLPP is applied, and possibly the channel description of the voice broadcast call channel to which the mobile stations shall listen and the number of the group key used for ciphering. + +**NOTIF\_REQ (FACCH):** Message for notification sent on the FACCH to the mobile stations currently involved in other calls. The notification on the FACCH shall include the broadcast call reference, and the priority level and may include also the channel description and the group ciphering key numbers. + +**Periodic NOTIF\_REQ (NCH):** The notifications are sent periodically so that mobile stations moving into the area can join the voice broadcast call. + +**Periodic SACCH Info:** Periodic messages sent on the downlink of the SACCH. This message may include: + +- information of changes of notifications; +- information used for cell reselection. + +**CONNECT (from MSC-A):** Call set-up of the dedicated connection for the calling service subscriber is confirmed. + +**CONNECT:** Information to the mobile station of the calling service subscriber that the VBS is established with the related broadcast call reference as the connected number. The CONNECT message is sent as soon as conditions for establishment are met, as per subclause 11.3.1.1.2. + +![Sequence diagram showing network signaling between MS', MSs, BSS, V-MSC, VLR, VBS S-MSC = MSC-R, GCR, and MSC-A. The diagram includes messages such as SYS_INFO, RACH, IMM_ASS, SABM, COM_L3_INFO, PROCESS_ACC_REQUEST, UA, PROC_ACC_ACK, AUTHENTICATION & Ciphering, SETUP, SEND_INFO_OUT, COMPLETE_CALL, SEND_GROUP_CALL_INFO, GCR_INT, GCR_INT_ACK, SEND_GROUP_CALL_INFO_ACK, Start T3, Stop T3, CH_MOD_MODIFY, CH_MOD_MODIFY_ACK, ASS_REQ, ASS_COMP, and PREPARE_GROUP_CALL.](187d05bf7ead21e1394b61320d8b3632_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS' + participant MSs + participant BSS + participant V-MSC + participant VLR + participant VBS_S-MSC as VBS S-MSC = MSC-R + participant GCR + participant MSC-A + + Note left of MS': [SYS_INFO (NCH allocated)] + MSs->>BSS: RACH (CHAN_REQ) + BSS->>MS': IMM_ASS + MSs->>BSS: SABM (SERV_REQ) + BSS->>V-MSC: COM_L3_INFO + V-MSC->>VLR: PROCESS_ACC_REQUEST + VLR->>V-MSC: PROC_ACC_ACK + V-MSC->>MS': AUTHENTICATION & Ciphering + MSs->>V-MSC: SETUP + V-MSC->>VLR: SEND_INFO_OUT + V-MSC->>MS': COMPLETE_CALL + V-MSC->>VBS_S-MSC: SEND_GROUP_CALL_INFO + VBS_S-MSC->>GCR: GCR_INT + GCR->>VBS_S-MSC: GCR_INT_ACK + VBS_S-MSC->>V-MSC: SEND_GROUP_CALL_INFO_ACK + Note right of VBS_S-MSC: Start T3 + V-MSC->>BSS: ASS_REQ + BSS->>MS': CH_MOD_MODIFY + MS'->>BSS: CH_MOD_MODIFY_ACK + BSS->>V-MSC: ASS_COMP + V-MSC->>MSC-A: SETUP (to MSC-A) + Note right of VBS_S-MSC: Stop T3 + VBS_S-MSC->>MSC-A: PREPARE_GROUP_CALL +``` + +Sequence diagram showing network signaling between MS', MSs, BSS, V-MSC, VLR, VBS S-MSC = MSC-R, GCR, and MSC-A. The diagram includes messages such as SYS\_INFO, RACH, IMM\_ASS, SABM, COM\_L3\_INFO, PROCESS\_ACC\_REQUEST, UA, PROC\_ACC\_ACK, AUTHENTICATION & Ciphering, SETUP, SEND\_INFO\_OUT, COMPLETE\_CALL, SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO, GCR\_INT, GCR\_INT\_ACK, SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO\_ACK, Start T3, Stop T3, CH\_MOD\_MODIFY, CH\_MOD\_MODIFY\_ACK, ASS\_REQ, ASS\_COMP, and PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling information for establishing voice broadcast calls. Lifelines: MS', MSs, BSS, V-MSC, VLR, VBS S-MSC = MSC-R, GCR, MSC-A. The sequence includes messages like GCR_INT, GCR_INT_ACK, PREPARE_GROUP_CALL_ACK, SETUP, VBS_SETUP, VBS_SETUP_ACK, VBS_ASS_REQ, VBS_ASS_RESULT, NOTIFY_REQ (NCH), NOTIFY_REQ (FACCH), CONNECT (to MSC-A), SEND_GROUP_CALL_END_SIGNAL (IMSI), CONNECT (from MSC-A), CONNECT, PERIODIC NOTIF_REQ (NCH), and Periodic SACCH Info.](40a8c30f7ea5ecea4912e040c97c5b9c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS' + participant MSs + participant BSS + participant V-MSC + participant VLR + participant VBS_S-MSC as VBS S-MSC = MSC-R + participant GCR + participant MSC-A + + Note right of VBS_S-MSC: GCR_INT + VBS_S-MSC->>GCR: GCR_INT + GCR-->>VBS_S-MSC: GCR_INT_ACK + Note right of VBS_S-MSC: PREPARE_GROUP_CALL_ACK + VBS_S-MSC->>MSC-A: PREPARE_GROUP_CALL_ACK + Note right of MSC-A: SETUP (from MSC-A) + MSC-A->>VBS_S-MSC: SETUP + Note right of VBS_S-MSC: VBS_SETUP + VBS_S-MSC->>V-MSC: VBS_SETUP + Note right of V-MSC: VBS_SETUP_ACK + V-MSC->>VBS_S-MSC: VBS_SETUP_ACK + Note right of VBS_S-MSC: VBS_ASS_REQ + VBS_S-MSC->>V-MSC: VBS_ASS_REQ + Note right of V-MSC: VBS_ASS_RESULT + V-MSC->>VBS_S-MSC: VBS_ASS_RESULT + Note right of VBS_S-MSC: NOTIFY_REQ (NCH) + VBS_S-MSC->>BSS: NOTIFY_REQ (NCH) + BSS->>MSs: NOTIFY_REQ (NCH) + Note right of VBS_S-MSC: NOTIFY_REQ (FACCH) + VBS_S-MSC->>BSS: NOTIFY_REQ (FACCH) + BSS->>MSs: NOTIFY_REQ (FACCH) + Note right of VBS_S-MSC: CONNECT (to MSC-A) + VBS_S-MSC->>MSC-A: CONNECT + Note right of MSC-A: SEND_GROUP_CALL_END_SIGNAL (IMSI) + MSC-A->>VBS_S-MSC: SEND_GROUP_CALL_END_SIGNAL + Note right of MSC-A: CONNECT (from MSC-A) + MSC-A->>V-MSC: CONNECT + V-MSC->>BSS: CONNECT + BSS->>MS': CONNECT + Note right of BSS: PERIODIC NOTIF_REQ (NCH) + BSS->>MSs: PERIODIC NOTIF_REQ (NCH) + Note right of MSs: Periodic SACCH Info + MSs->>BSS: Periodic SACCH Info + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling information for establishing voice broadcast calls. Lifelines: MS', MSs, BSS, V-MSC, VLR, VBS S-MSC = MSC-R, GCR, MSC-A. The sequence includes messages like GCR\_INT, GCR\_INT\_ACK, PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL\_ACK, SETUP, VBS\_SETUP, VBS\_SETUP\_ACK, VBS\_ASS\_REQ, VBS\_ASS\_RESULT, NOTIFY\_REQ (NCH), NOTIFY\_REQ (FACCH), CONNECT (to MSC-A), SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL (IMSI), CONNECT (from MSC-A), CONNECT, PERIODIC NOTIF\_REQ (NCH), and Periodic SACCH Info. + +NOTE: MS' = calling service subscriber mobile station; + MSs = destination service subscriber mobile stations; + MSC-A = anchor MSC; + MSC-R = relay MSC; + V-MSC = visited MSC + +**Figure 3a: Signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls by a service subscriber in a RANflex configuration** + +**SYS\_INFO (NCH allocated):** Message used to indicate if the NCH is allocated on the CCCH in the cell. + +**Initial RACH\_CHAN\_REQ:** Standard message. + +**IMM\_ASS:** Standard message sent on the AGCH. + +**SERV\_REQ (voice broadcast call):** Modified form of the current call request message L3-MM CM SERVICE REQUEST sent on the allocated channel. Teleservice Voice broadcast call is indicated. + +**UA (SERV\_REQ):** This message is used to acknowledge the layer 2 link and provide contention resolution of the service request. + +**COM\_L3\_INFO:** The MSC is provided with initial information about the voice broadcast call. + +NOTE 8a: Messages flows for authentication and ciphering are not represented although performed as normal. + +**PROC\_ACC\_REQ:** The MAP\_PROCESS\_ACC\_REQ message is sent to the VLR to check the requested VBS teleservice against the subscription data. + +**PROC\_ACC\_ACK:** The MAP\_PROCESS\_ACC\_ACK message acknowledges the requested service. + +**Authentication & Ciphering:** Authentication and Ciphering may be performed. Acknowledgement of the service request can also be performed by sending the CM SERVICE ACCEPT. + +**SETUP:** The MSC is provided with details about the voice broadcast call. + +NOTE 8b: Alternatively, an IMMEDIATE\_SETUP can be sent as the initial message including all details of the voice broadcast call. In this case no SETUP message is sent. + +**SEND\_INFO\_OUT:** The requested group ID is transferred to the VLR in the MAP\_SEND\_INFO\_FOR\_OUTGOING\_CALL message. + +**COMPLETE\_CALL:** The VLR returns the MAP\_COMPLETE\_CALL message confirming the use of the requested group ID. + +**SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO:** The MSC derives from the originating cell's LAC the address of the group call serving MSC and sends MAP\_SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO to it, to retrieve the MSC-A address. + +**GCR\_INT:** The broadcast call reference and MSC-A address are requested from the GCR through the GCR Interrogation message sent by the MSC. + +**GCR\_INT\_ACK:** The requested information (MSC-A address) is returned from the GCR in the GCR Interrogation Ack message. + +**SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO\_ACK:** The requested information is returned to the visited MSC. + +**ASSIGNMENT\_REQUEST:** Standard message. + +**CHAN\_MOD\_MODIFY:** Standard message to modify the channel mode in case of very early assignment. + +**CHAN\_MOD\_MODIFY\_ACK:** Standard message to acknowledge the modification of the channel mode. + +**ASSIGNMENT\_COMPLETE:** Standard message. + +NOTE 8c: Alternatively, early assignment or OACSU procedures might be applied with the corresponding assignment messages not presented in figure 3a. + +**SETUP to MSC-A:** Based on information received from the group call serving MSC the VMSC shall set-up a dedicated connection for the calling service subscriber to the anchor MSC. The VBS prefix plus broadcast call reference shall be sent as calling party number, and the address of the calling service subscriber's group call serving MSC shall be sent as generic number parameter, with the number qualifier indicator set to "additional calling party number". + +**PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL:** The broadcast call attributes (parts) are received from the anchor MSC. + +**GCR\_INT:** The broadcast call attributes are requested from the GCR through the GCR Interrogation message sent by the MSC. + +**GCR\_INT\_ACK:** The requested information (cell list) is returned from the GCR in the GCR Interrogation Ack message. + +**ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER (not shown in figure 3a):** MSC-R requests the group call number from its associated VLR + +**ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER ACK (not shown in figure 3a):** The Group Call number is returned from the VLR. + +**PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL\_ACK:** The Group Call number is sent to MSC-A. + +**SETUP from MSC-A:** The ISUP connection is set-up between MSC-A and MSC-R. + +**RELEASE GROUP CALL NUMBER (not shown in figure 3a):** The VLR is requested to release the Group Call number. + +**VBS\_SETUP:** This message is sent from the MSC to all affected BSCs, [one dedicated message for each BSC,] including the broadcast call reference with the eMLPP priority, and optionally the call priority. + +**VBS\_SETUP\_ACK:** Acknowledgement message from the affected BSC in answer to the VBS\_SETUP setup message. If the setup is not successful, a VBS\_SETUP\_REFUSE message shall be sent instead. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_REQ:** This message is sent from the MSC to all affected BSCs, [one dedicated message for every requested channel in a cell,] including the broadcast call reference, the channel type and possibly the call priority and details on the ciphering. + +NOTE 8d: As an operator option the voice broadcast call channels, the links to them and optionally also the links to dispatchers can already be established and permanently reserved in order to speed up the call set-up for emergency voice broadcast calls. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT RESULT:** Acknowledgement message from the affected BSC in answer to the assignment requests. If the assignment is not successful, a VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_FAILURE message shall be sent instead. + +**CONNECT to MSC-A:** Set-up of the ISUP connection from the anchor MSC is confirmed. + +**SEND\_GROUP CALL\_END\_SIGNAL (IMSI):** This message is sent by the relay MSC on receipt of the VBS ASSIGNMENT RESULT message for the cell in which the call was originated. The IMSI of the calling service subscriber who has established the voice broadcast call indicates to the anchor MSC that this message is sent by the relay MSC where the call was originated and that conversation can start. + +If there is more than one relay MSC involved in the VBS call, all other relay MSCs send the SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL message to the anchor MSC when at least one downlink channel has been established in that relay MSC area. In these other SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL messages no IMSI is included. + +**NOTIF\_REQ (NCH):** Messages for notification which contain the broadcast call reference, the priority of the call if eMLPP is applied, and possibly the channel description of the voice broadcast call channel to which the mobile stations shall listen and the number of the group key used for ciphering. + +**NOTIF\_REQ (FACCH):** Message for notification sent on the FACCH to the mobile stations currently involved in other calls. The notification on the FACCH shall include the broadcast call reference, and the priority level and may include also the channel description and the group ciphering key numbers. + +**CONNECT (from MSC-A):** Call set-up of the dedicated connection for the calling service subscriber is confirmed. + +**CONNECT:** Information to the mobile station of the calling service subscriber that the VBS is established with the related broadcast call reference as the connected number. + +**Periodic NOTIF\_REQ (NCH):** The notifications are sent periodically so that mobile stations moving into the area can join the voice broadcast call. + +**Periodic SACCH Info:** Periodic messages sent on the downlink of the SACCH informing mobile stations of: + +- information of changes of notifications; +- information used for cell re-selection. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls. Lifelines: mobile or fixed DP, V-MSC or GMSC, MSs, BSSs, MSC-A, VLR, GCR, MSC-R, BSSs. The diagram shows the flow of messages like SETUP, SEND_INFO_OUT, COMPLETE_CALL, GCR_INT, VBS_SETUP, PREPARE_GROUP_CALL, NOTIFY_REQ, CONNECT, and Periodic NOTIFY_REQ.](9e8ebf03cae78f4f81b697548c2d7250_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant mobile or fixed DP + participant V-MSC or GMSC + participant MSs + participant BSSs + participant MSC-A + participant VLR + participant GCR + participant MSC-R + participant BSSs + + Note left of V-MSC or GMSC: SETUP (Mobile dispatcher in anchor MSC area) + Note right of V-MSC or GMSC: Txx + + mobile or fixed DP->>V-MSC or GMSC: SETUP + V-MSC or GMSC->>MSC-A: SETUP (IAM) + Note left of MSC-A: SETUP (Mobile dispatcher in anchor MSC area) + Note right of MSC-A: Txx + MSC-A->>VLR: SEND_INFO_OUT + VLR->>MSC-A: COMPLETE_CALL + MSC-A->>GCR: GCR_INT + GCR->>MSC-A: GCR_INT_ACK + MSC-A->>BSSs: VBS_SETUP + BSSs->>MSC-A: VBS_SETUP_ACK + MSC-A->>GCR: PREPARE_GROUP_CALL + GCR->>MSC-R: PREPARE_GROUP_CALL_ACK + MSC-R->>BSSs: VBS_SETUP + BSSs->>MSC-R: VBS_SETUP_ACK + MSC-A->>BSSs: VBS_ASS_REQ + MSC-R->>MSC-A: SETUP (to MSC-R) + MSC-R->>BSSs: CONNECT (from MSC-R) + BSSs->>MSC-R: VBS_ASS_RESULT + MSC-A->>BSSs: VBS_ASS_RESULT + MSC-A->>GCR: SEND_GROUP_CALL_END_SIGNAL + MSC-A->>MSs: NOTIFY_REQ (NCH) + MSs->>MSC-A: NOTI_REQ (FACCH) + MSC-A->>MSs: CONNECT + V-MSC or GMSC->>mobile or fixed DP: CONNECT + MSs->>MSC-A: Periodic NOTIFY_REQ (NCH) + MSs->>MSC-A: Periodic SACCH info + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls. Lifelines: mobile or fixed DP, V-MSC or GMSC, MSs, BSSs, MSC-A, VLR, GCR, MSC-R, BSSs. The diagram shows the flow of messages like SETUP, SEND\_INFO\_OUT, COMPLETE\_CALL, GCR\_INT, VBS\_SETUP, PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL, NOTIFY\_REQ, CONNECT, and Periodic NOTIFY\_REQ. + +NOTE: DP = dispatcher; + MSs = destination subscriber mobile stations; + MSC-A = anchor MSC; + MSC-R = relay MSC; + V-MSC = visited MSC; + GMSC = Gateway MSC + +**Figure 3b: Signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls by a mobile dispatcher or fixed line dispatcher** + +**SETUP:** Mobile dispatcher or fixed line dispatcher sets up a VGCS call. The visited MSC or the Gateway MSC receives the SETUP message with details about the voice broadcast call including the Group Call Reference within the MSISDN dialled by the originating dispatcher. + +**SETUP (IAM):** The visited MSC or the Gateway MSC sends an IAM message to the anchor MSC of the group call based on the called party MSISDN number. + +**SETUP (Mobile dispatcher in anchor MSC area):** If the originating mobile dispatcher is located in the anchor MSC area, the SETUP message with details about the voice broadcast call including the Group Call Reference within the + +MSISDN dialled by the originating dispatcher is received directly by the anchor MSC (further messages regarding the standard SETUP procedure are not drawn in the Fig.) + +**SEND\_INFO\_OUT:** The requested group ID is transferred to the VLR in the internal MAP\_SEND\_INFO\_FOR\_OUTGOING\_CALL message. + +**COMPLETE\_CALL:** The VLR returns the MAP\_COMPLETE\_CALL message confirming the use of the requested group ID. + +**GCR\_INT:** The group call attributes are requested from the GCR through the GCR Interrogation message sent by the MSC. + +**GCR\_INT\_ACK:** The requested information is returned from the GCR in the GCR Interrogation Ack message. + +**VBS\_SETUP:** Anchor MSC sends to BSS's a VBS SETUP message across VBS call controlling SCCP connection to initiate a VBS call set-up procedures. + +**VBS\_SETUP\_ACK:** After receiving the VBS\_SETUP message, BSS will allocate resources to the call and returns VBS SETUP ACK message to the MSC. This connection is established for the lifetime of the VBS call. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_REQ:** This message is sent from the MSC to all affected BSCs, [ including the group call reference, the channel type and possibly the call priority and details on the ciphering. + +**PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL:** The group call attributes are sent to every relay MSC and a Group Call number for call set-up to is requested. + +**PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL\_ACK:** The Group Call number for call set-up is returned to the anchor MSC. + +**SETUP to MSC-R:** The ISUP connection is set-up to the relay MSC. + +**VBS\_SETUP:** Relay MSC sends to BSSs a VBS SETUP message to initiate a VBS call set-up procedures. + +**VBS\_SETUP\_ACK:** After receiving the VBS\_SETUP message, BSS will allocate resources to the call and returns VBS SETUP ACK message to the MSC. This connection is established for the lifetime of the VBS call. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_REQ:** This message is sent from the relay MSC to all affected BSCs, [ including the group call reference, the channel type and possibly the call priority and details on the ciphering. + +**CONNECT from MSC-R:** Set-up of the ISUP connection to the relay MSC is confirmed. + +**VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_RESULT:** Acknowledgement message from the affected BSC in answer to the assignment requests. If the assignment is not successful, a VBS\_ASSIGNMENT\_FAILURE message shall be sent instead. + +**SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL:** Indicates to the anchor MSC that at least one voice broadcast call channel has been established in the relay MSC area. + +**Txx:** Timer implemented in the anchor MSC which is started with receipt of the SETUP message from the dispatcher. If the timer expires before the conditions for establishment have been met, as per subclause 11.3.1.1.2, then the call shall be released. + +**NOTIF\_REQ (NCH):** Messages for notification which contain the group call reference, the priority of the call if eMLPP is applied, and possibly the channel description of the voice broadcast call channel to which the mobile stations shall listen and the number of the group key used for ciphering. + +**NOTIF\_REQ (FACCH):** Message for notification sent on the FACCH to the mobile stations currently involved in other calls. The notification on the FACCH shall include the group call reference; and the priority level and may also include the channel description and the group ciphering key numbers. + +**CONNECT:** Information to the originating that the VBS is established with the related group call reference as the connected number. + +**Periodic NOTIF\_REQ (NCH):** The notifications are sent periodically so that mobile stations moving into the area can join the voice broadcast call. + +**Periodic SACCH Info:** Periodic messages sent on SACCH. This message may include: + +- information of changes of notifications; + +- information used for cell re-selection. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy. The diagram involves V-MSC, Redundancy Pool 1 (MSC-R 1, MSC-R 2), Redundancy Pool 2 (MSC-A 1, MSC-A 2), and GCRs 1-4. Key steps include SEND_GROUP_CALL_INFO, GCR interactions, SETUP, PREPARE_GROUP_CALL, and CONNECT messages across the entities.](0a06de972d61ab9bb901bd74dd4ff51f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant V-MSC + box "Redundancy Pool 1" + participant MSC-R1 as MSC-R 1 + participant MSC-R2 as MSC-R 2 + end + participant GCR1 as GCR 1 + participant GCR2 as GCR 2 + box "Redundancy Pool 2" + participant MSC-A1 as MSC-A 1 + participant MSC-A2 as MSC-A 2 + end + participant GCR3 as GCR 3 + participant GCR4 as GCR 4 + + V-MSC->>MSC-R1: 1. SEND_GROUP_CALL_INFO + MSC-R1->>GCR1: 2. GCR_INT + GCR2-->>MSC-R2: 3a. SYNC_GCR + MSC-R2->>MSC-R1: 3b. GCR_INT_ACK + Note right of MSC-R1: Start T3 + MSC-R1->>V-MSC: 4. SEND_GROUP_CALL_INFO_ACK + GCR2-->>MSC-R1: 5. SYNC_GCR_ACK + Note right of MSC-R1: Start T3 + MSC-R1->>MSC-A1: 6. SETUP (to MSC-A Pool) + MSC-A1->>GCR3: 7. GCR_INT + GCR4-->>MSC-A2: 8a. SYNC_GCR + MSC-A2->>MSC-A1: 8b. GCR_INT_ACK + GCR4-->>MSC-A1: 9. SYNC_GCR_ACK + MSC-A1->>MSC-R2: 10. PREPARE_GROUP_CALL + MSC-R2->>GCR1: 11. GCR_INT + GCR2-->>MSC-R1: 12a. SYNC_GCR + MSC-R1->>MSC-R2: 12b. GCR_INT_ACK + Note right of MSC-R1: Stop T3 + MSC-R2->>MSC-A1: 13. SYNC_GCR_ACK + Note right of MSC-R2: Stop T3 + MSC-A1->>MSC-R2: 14. PREPARE_GROUP_CALL_ACK + MSC-R2->>MSC-A1: 15. SETUP (from MSC-A 1) + MSC-A1->>MSC-R2: 16a. CONNECT (to MSC-A 1) + MSC-R2->>MSC-A1: 16b. SEND_GROUP_CALL_END_SIGNAL + MSC-A1->>V-MSC: 17. CONNECT (from MSC-A 1) + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy. The diagram involves V-MSC, Redundancy Pool 1 (MSC-R 1, MSC-R 2), Redundancy Pool 2 (MSC-A 1, MSC-A 2), and GCRs 1-4. Key steps include SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO, GCR interactions, SETUP, PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL, and CONNECT messages across the entities. + +**Figure 3c: Signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls by a service subscriber in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy** + +See also figure 3a + +**1. SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO:** The V-MSC derives from the originating cell's LAC the address of the group call serving MSC redundancy pool and sends MAP\_SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO to it, to retrieve the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool address. Network routing shall be configured so that the message is routed to one of the available MSCs within the redundancy pool. In this example MSC-R1 is selected. The message includes initial talker information. + +**2. GCR\_INT:** MSC-R 1 requests from its associated GCR the group call reference and group call anchor MSC redundancy pool address. The message may contain initial talker information. + +**3a. SYNC\_GCR:** Initial Talker Information is propagated to all GCRs associated to MSCs within the redundancy pool. + +**3b. GCR\_INT\_ACK:** The requested information is returned from the GCR in the GCR Interrogation Ack message. To avoid glare cases GCR 1 may need to wait for message 5 before sending message 3b. + +**4. SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO\_ACK:** The requested information is returned to the visited MSC. + +**5. SYNC\_GCR\_ACK:** Successfull GCR synchronization is acknowledged. + +**6. SETUP to MSC-A:** Based on information received from the group call serving MSC the VMSC shall set-up a dedicated connection for the calling service subscriber to the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool. Network routing shall be configured so that the message is routed to one of the available MSCs within the redundancy pool. In this example MSC-A1 is selected. The VBS prefix plus broadcast call reference shall be sent as calling party number. The address of the calling service subscriber's group call serving MSC pool shall be sent as generic number parameter, with the number qualifier indicator set to "additional calling party number"; this shall be the same address as used to route message 1. + +**7. GCR\_INT:** MSC-A 1 requests from its associated GCR the broadcast call attributes and marks the broadcast call "on-going". + +**8a. SYNC\_GCR:** The "on-going" indication is propagated to all GCRs associated to MSCs within the redundancy pool. + +**8b. GCR\_INT\_ACK:** The requested information is returned from the GCR in the GCR Interrogation Ack message. To avoid glare cases GCR 3 may need to wait for message 9 before sending message 8b. + +**9. SYNC\_GCR\_ACK:** Successfull GCR synchronization is acknowledged. + +**10. PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL:** MSC-A 1 sends PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL to the group call relay MSC redundancy pool. Network routing shall be configured so that the message is routed to one of the available MSCs within the redundancy pool. In this example MSC-R2 is selected. + +**11. GCR\_INT:** MSC-R 2 interrogates its associated GCR to retrieve the group call attributes and initial talker information and to mark the broadcast call "on-going" and to delete the initial talker information. + +**12a. SYNC\_GCR:** The "on-going" indication is propagated to all GCRs associated to MSCs within the redundancy pool. + +**12b. GCR\_INT\_ACK:** The requested information is returned from the GCR in the GCR Interrogation Ack message. + +**13. SYNC\_GCR\_ACK:** Successfull GCR synchronization is acknowledged. + +**ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER (not shown in figure 8a):** MSC-R2 requests the Group Call number from its associated VLR + +**ALLOCATE GROUP CALL NUMBER ACK (not shown in figure 8a):** The Group Call number is returned from the VLR. + +**14. PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL\_ACK:** The Group Call number is sent to MSC-A1. + +**15. SETUP from MSC-A1:** The ISUP connection is set-up between MSC-A1 and MSC-R2 using the Group Call number received in step 14. + +**RELEASE GROUP CALL NUMBER (not shown in figure 8a):** The VLR is requested to release the Group Call number. + +**16a. CONNECT to MSC-A:** Set-up of the ISUP connection from the anchor MSC is confirmed. + +**16b. SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL (IMSI):** Indicates to the anchor MSC that conversation can start. In addition the IMSI of calling service subscriber who has established the voice group call and who is allowed to terminate the call is included. After sending message 16b MSC-R2 deletes initial talker information (if any) as it may be invalid due to a lost race condition. Valid initial talker information (if any) may be received with message 17b. + +**17. CONNECT (from MSC-A):** Call set-up of the dedicated connection for the calling service subscriber is confirmed. + +![Sequence diagram showing call termination between MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-A, GCR, FNT, and MSC-R. The diagram includes messages like TERMINATION REQUEST, Release (NOTE 9), (Specific DTMF message sequence for call termination (NOTE 9a)), (Specific DTMF tone sequence for call termination (NOTE 9b)), (Specific DTMF tone sequence for call termination (NOTE 9c)), TERMINATION, Release (NOTE 10), Dispatcher release, CHANNEL RELEASE, CLEAR CMD, VBS_TERMIN, Release, CLEAR COM, SCCP_RLSD, SCCP_RLC, and SEND_GROUP CALL_END_SIGNAL_ACK.](b34c69e1ec326b01c3a485b27b1df5f6_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS_prime as MS' + participant MSs as MSs + participant BSS as BSS + participant MSC_A as MSC-A + participant GCR as GCR + participant FNT as FNT + participant MSC_R as MSC-R + + Note over MS_prime, BSS: TERMINATION REQUEST + MS_prime->>MSC_A: TERMINATION REQUEST + Note over MSC_A: Release (NOTE 9) + MSC_A-->>FNT: + Note over MS_prime, BSS: (Specific DTMF message sequence for call termination (NOTE 9a)) + MS_prime->>MSC_A: + Note over GCR: (Specific DTMF tone sequence for call termination (NOTE 9b)) + MSC_A-->>GCR: + Note over GCR: (Specific DTMF tone sequence for call termination (NOTE 9c)) + GCR-->>FNT: + Note over BSS: TERMINATION + BSS-->>MS_prime: + Note over MSs, BSS: CHANNEL RELEASE + MSs-->>MS_prime: + Note over MSC_A: Release (NOTE 10) + MSC_A-->>FNT: + Note over MSC_A: Dispatcher release + MSC_A-->>GCR: + Note over GCR: VBS_TERMIN + GCR-->>MSC_A: + Note over MSC_A: Release + MSC_A-->>FNT: + Note over GCR, FNT: CLEAR COM + GCR-->>MSC_A: SEND_GROUP CALL_END_SIGNAL_ACK + Note over MSC_A: SCCP_RLSD + MSC_A-->>FNT: + Note over GCR, FNT: SCCP_RLC + GCR-->>MSC_A: + Note over BSS: CLEAR CMD + BSS-->>MSC_A: + Note over BSS: CLEAR COM + BSS-->>MSC_A: + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing call termination between MS', MSs, BSS, MSC-A, GCR, FNT, and MSC-R. The diagram includes messages like TERMINATION REQUEST, Release (NOTE 9), (Specific DTMF message sequence for call termination (NOTE 9a)), (Specific DTMF tone sequence for call termination (NOTE 9b)), (Specific DTMF tone sequence for call termination (NOTE 9c)), TERMINATION, Release (NOTE 10), Dispatcher release, CHANNEL RELEASE, CLEAR CMD, VBS\_TERMIN, Release, CLEAR COM, SCCP\_RLSD, SCCP\_RLC, and SEND\_GROUP CALL\_END\_SIGNAL\_ACK. + +![Figure 4: Signalling required to disconnect the voice broadcast call. The diagram shows a sequence of messages between two entities. The first entity sends an SCCP_RLSD message to the second entity. The second entity responds with an SCCP_RLC message. The first entity then sends another SCCP_RLSD message to the second entity. The diagram consists of two vertical lines representing the entities and three horizontal dashed arrows representing the messages between them.](65e8c0628536d6d4245e9ab46ba070c3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant Entity 1 + participant Entity 2 + Note left of Entity 1: + Entity 1->>Entity 2: SCCP_RLSD + Entity 2-->>Entity 1: SCCP_RLC + Entity 1->>Entity 2: SCCP_RLSD + +``` + +Figure 4: Signalling required to disconnect the voice broadcast call. The diagram shows a sequence of messages between two entities. The first entity sends an SCCP\_RLSD message to the second entity. The second entity responds with an SCCP\_RLC message. The first entity then sends another SCCP\_RLSD message to the second entity. The diagram consists of two vertical lines representing the entities and three horizontal dashed arrows representing the messages between them. + +**Figure 4: Signalling required to disconnect the voice broadcast call** + +**TERMINATION REQUEST:** The calling service subscriber's mobile station can send a TERMINATION REQUEST message to clear down the entire voice broadcast call. + +NOTE 9: Alternatively an authorized dispatcher can terminate the voice broadcast call in which case a release message is received from the external network. + +NOTE 9a: Alternatively an authorized mobile dispatcher can terminate the voice broadcast call by using a specific DTMF message sequence. If the mobile dispatcher is controlled by the anchor MSC, the specific DTMF message sequence is received by the anchor MSC (see figure 4b). + +NOTE 9b: If the mobile dispatcher is controlled by a relay MSC, the specific DTMF message sequence is received by the relay MSC. The relay MSC converts the DTMF messages into DTMF tones and sends them towards the anchor MSC (see figure 4c). + +NOTE 9c: Alternatively an authorized fixed line dispatcher can terminate the voice broadcast call by using a specific DTMF tone sequence. In this case, the specific DTMF tone sequence is received by the anchor MSC (see figure 4d). + +NOTE 10: Alternatively the calling service subscriber currently served by the relay-MSC can terminate the call in which case a release message is received from the relay MSC on the dedicated connection. + +**CLEAR CMD:** This message is sent from the MSC to the BSS via each Resource Controlling SCCP connection to clear radio and terrestrial resources. + +**VBS\_TERMIN:** The MSC informs the GCR that the voice broadcast call with the related broadcast call reference is terminated. + +**CHANNEL RELEASE:** CHANNEL RELEASE messages are sent to the calling subscriber and on all downlink FACCH to the service subscribers. The CHANNEL RELEASE messages shall be repeated for a predefined period in order to provide a high probability that the listening mobile stations receive the message. + +- CHANNEL RELEASE message is sent using I frame for the calling subscriber. +- CHANNEL RELEASE messages are sent using UI frames for listeners. + +In addition, release messages are sent to all related dispatchers and relay MSCs. + +**SEND\_GROUP CALL\_END\_SIGNAL\_ACK:** The dialogues to all relay MSCs are closed. + +**CLEAR COMPLETE:** standard message. + +**SCCP\_RLSD:** standard message sent via resource controlling SCCP connection. + +**SCCP\_RLC:** standard message. + +**CLEAR CMD:** This message is sent from the MSC to the BSS via the Call Controlling SCCP connection, after all the terrestrial resources associated with the BSS for this broadcast call have been released. + +**CLEAR COMPLETE:** standard message. + +**SCCP\_RLSD:** standard message sent via call controlling SCCP connection. + +**SCCP\_RLC:** standard message. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling information for establishing voice broadcast calls by a service subscriber using immediate setup. The diagram involves four entities: MS, BTS, BSC, and MSC. The process starts with the MS sending SYS_INFO (NCH allocated) to the BTS. The MS then sends a Channel_request to the BTS. The BTS responds with channel_required to the BSC. The BSC sends channel_activate(SDCCH) to the BTS. The BTS responds with channel_activate_ack to the BSC. The BSC sends imm_assignment_command to the BTS. The BTS responds with Imm_assignment to the MS. The MS sends SABM(Immediate_setup) to the BTS. The BTS responds with est_ind(Immediate_setup) to the BSC. The BSC sends SCCP_CR((COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION (Immediate_setup)) to the MSC. The MSC responds with SCCP_CC to the BSC. The BSC sends assignment_req to the BTS. The BTS responds with channel_activate(TCH) to the BSC. The BSC responds with channel_activate_ack to the BTS. The BSC sends assignment_command to the BTS. The BTS responds with assignment_command to the MS. The MS sends SABM to the BTS. The BTS responds with est_ind to the BSC. The BSC sends assignment_comp to the MSC. The MSC responds with assignment_comp to the BSC. The BSC sends RF_channel_release(SDCCH) to the BTS. The BTS responds with RF_channel_release_ack to the BSC. The BSC then sends messages for each BSC in the Group and each cell in the Group, both of which are the same as the standard case.](3c04b14104f95eb8f7100f6d497d956e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BTS + participant BSC + participant MSC + + Note left of MS: From the VBS call originator + MS->>BTS: SYS_INFO (NCH allocated) + MS->>BTS: Channel_request + BTS->>BSC: channel_required + BSC->>BTS: channel_activate(SDCCH) + BTS->>BSC: channel_activate_ack + BSC->>BTS: imm_assignment_command + BTS->>MS: Imm_assignment + MS->>BTS: SABM(Immediate_setup) + BTS->>BSC: est_ind(Immediate_setup) + BSC->>MSC: SCCP_CR((COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION (Immediate_setup)) + MSC->>BSC: SCCP_CC + BSC->>BTS: assignment_req + BTS->>BSC: channel_activate(TCH) + BSC->>BTS: channel_activate_ack + BSC->>BTS: assignment_command + BTS->>MS: assignment_command + MS->>BTS: SABM + BTS->>BSC: est_ind + BSC->>MSC: assignment_comp + MSC->>BSC: assignment_comp + BSC->>BTS: RF_channel_release(SDCCH) + BTS->>BSC: RF_channel_release_ack + + Note right of BSC: For each BSC in the Group + Note right of BSC: Same as Standard case + + Note right of BSC: For each cell in the Group + Note right of BSC: Same as Standard case + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling information for establishing voice broadcast calls by a service subscriber using immediate setup. The diagram involves four entities: MS, BTS, BSC, and MSC. The process starts with the MS sending SYS\_INFO (NCH allocated) to the BTS. The MS then sends a Channel\_request to the BTS. The BTS responds with channel\_required to the BSC. The BSC sends channel\_activate(SDCCH) to the BTS. The BTS responds with channel\_activate\_ack to the BSC. The BSC sends imm\_assignment\_command to the BTS. The BTS responds with Imm\_assignment to the MS. The MS sends SABM(Immediate\_setup) to the BTS. The BTS responds with est\_ind(Immediate\_setup) to the BSC. The BSC sends SCCP\_CR((COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION (Immediate\_setup)) to the MSC. The MSC responds with SCCP\_CC to the BSC. The BSC sends assignment\_req to the BTS. The BTS responds with channel\_activate(TCH) to the BSC. The BSC responds with channel\_activate\_ack to the BTS. The BSC sends assignment\_command to the BTS. The BTS responds with assignment\_command to the MS. The MS sends SABM to the BTS. The BTS responds with est\_ind to the BSC. The BSC sends assignment\_comp to the MSC. The MSC responds with assignment\_comp to the BSC. The BSC sends RF\_channel\_release(SDCCH) to the BTS. The BTS responds with RF\_channel\_release\_ack to the BSC. The BSC then sends messages for each BSC in the Group and each cell in the Group, both of which are the same as the standard case. + +**Figure 4a: Signalling information required for establishing voice broadcast calls by a service subscriber using immediate setup** + +**SYS\_INFO (NCH allocated):** Message used to indicate if the NCH is allocated on the CCCH in the cell. + +**Initial RACH CHAN\_REQ:** Standard message. + +**IMM\_ASSIGNMENT:** Standard message sent on the AGCH. + +**IMMEDIATE\_SETUP:** This message including all details of the broadcast call is sent by the MS to the network in order to set-up a broadcast call immediately, i.e. without previous establishment of an MM connection. + +**UA (IMMEDIATE\_SETUP):** This message is used to acknowledge the layer 2 link and provide contention resolution of the immediate setup. + +**NOTE 11:** Authentication and/ or activation of Ciphering may be performed before or after sending a CONNECT message. If ciphering has not been activated before sending a CONNECT message, a CM\_SERVICE ACCEPT may be sent before the CONNECT message by the MSC, however sending of the CM\_SERVICE\_ACCEPT is not mandatory. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling for broadcast call termination by an entitled mobile dispatcher. The diagram shows three lifelines: MS (originator), MSC-A, and MS (dispatcher). The process starts with a VBS call established. The dispatcher sends start_DTMF(x), receives an ack, then sends stop_DTMF and receives an ack for the 1st digit. This is repeated for the 2nd digit with (y). The MSC-A detects the signals and triggers call termination, sending Termination messages to both MS entities.](31ef15d175af5babdbf4d2fbac884c1b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS_O as MS (originator) + participant MSC as MSC-A + participant MS_D as MS (dispatcher) + + Note over MS_O, MS_D: VBS call established, speech conversation active + + Note right of MS_D: Dispatcher initiates DTMF signals + + MS_D->>MSC: start_DTMF (x) + Note left of MSC: MSC detects the DTMF signal + MSC-->>MS_D: start_DTMF_ack (x) + + Note right of MS_D: 1st digit + + MS_D->>MSC: stop_DTMF + MSC-->>MS_D: stop_DTMF_ack + + MS_D->>MSC: start_DTMF (y) + MSC-->>MS_D: start_DTMF_ack (y) + + Note right of MS_D: 2nd digit + + MS_D->>MSC: stop_DTMF + MSC-->>MS_D: stop_DTMF_ack + + Note over MSC, MS_D: ........ + + Note left of MSC: MSC triggers call termination, if the specific DTMF digit sequence is detected + + MSC->>MS_O: Termination + MSC->>MS_D: Termination + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling for broadcast call termination by an entitled mobile dispatcher. The diagram shows three lifelines: MS (originator), MSC-A, and MS (dispatcher). The process starts with a VBS call established. The dispatcher sends start\_DTMF(x), receives an ack, then sends stop\_DTMF and receives an ack for the 1st digit. This is repeated for the 2nd digit with (y). The MSC-A detects the signals and triggers call termination, sending Termination messages to both MS entities. + +**Figure 4b: Signalling required for broadcast call termination by an entitled mobile dispatcher, if the mobile dispatcher is controlled by the anchor MSC of the broadcast call.** + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling for broadcast call termination. Lifelines: MS (originator), MSC-A, VMSC, MS (dispatcher). The process involves DTMF tone transmission from MS to VMSC, VMSC sending start/stop_DTMF signals to MS (dispatcher), and subsequent call termination messages between VMSC and MSC-A.](575d7d345b3ec04393bb2ec720ebabca_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signalling sequence for broadcast call termination. It begins with a horizontal bar at the top indicating "VBS call established, speech conversation active". + +The sequence of messages is as follows: + +- The MS (originator) sends a "DTMF tone" (dotted arrow) to the VMSC. +- The VMSC sends "start\_DTMF (x)" to the MS (dispatcher). +- The MS (dispatcher) responds with "start\_DTMF\_ack (x)". +- The VMSC then sends "stop\_DTMF" to the MS (dispatcher). +- The MS (dispatcher) responds with "stop\_DTMF\_ack". +- A bracket on the right side groups these four messages as the "1st digit". A note next to the first two messages states "Dispatcher initiates DTMF signals". +- The VMSC sends another "DTMF tone" (dotted arrow) to the MS (originator). +- The VMSC sends "start\_DTMF (y)" to the MS (dispatcher). +- The MS (dispatcher) responds with "start\_DTMF\_ack (y)". +- The VMSC sends "stop\_DTMF" to the MS (dispatcher). +- The MS (dispatcher) responds with "stop\_DTMF\_ack". +- A bracket on the right side groups these four messages as the "2nd digit". +- Ellipses indicate a gap in the sequence. +- The VMSC sends a final "DTMF tone" (dotted arrow) to the MS (originator). +- A note on the left side states "MSC triggers call termination, if the specific DTMF digit sequence is detected." +- The VMSC sends a "Release" message to the MSC-A. +- The MSC-A sends a "Termination" message to the MS (originator). +- The VMSC also sends a "Termination" message to the MS (dispatcher). + +Sequence diagram showing signalling for broadcast call termination. Lifelines: MS (originator), MSC-A, VMSC, MS (dispatcher). The process involves DTMF tone transmission from MS to VMSC, VMSC sending start/stop\_DTMF signals to MS (dispatcher), and subsequent call termination messages between VMSC and MSC-A. + +Figure 4c: Signalling required for broadcast call termination by an entitled mobile dispatcher, if the mobile dispatcher is controlled by a visited MSC (could be a relay MSC) of the broadcast call. + +![Sequence diagram for broadcast call termination by an entitled fixed line dispatcher. Lifelines: MS (originator), MSC-A, GMSC, FNT. The process starts with a VBS call established and speech conversation active. The FNT dispatcher initiates DTMF signals (1st, 2nd, ..., n-th digit). The GMSC receives these tones and forwards them to the MSC-A. The MSC-A detects the DTMF signal and triggers call termination if the specific DTMF digit sequence is detected. The MSC-A sends a Termination message to the MS, a Release message to the GMSC, and a Release message to the FNT.](61a7f401eb46fe99a71f27bc37493f04_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS as MS (originator) + participant MSCA as MSC-A + participant GMSC as GMSC + participant FNT as FNT + Note over MS, FNT: VBS call established, speech conversation active + Note right of FNT: Dispatcher initiates DTMF signals + FNT->>GMSC: DTMF tone + GMSC->>MSCA: DTMF tone + Note right of FNT: 1st digit + Note left of MSCA: MSC detects the DTMF signal + FNT->>GMSC: DTMF tone + GMSC->>MSCA: DTMF tone + Note right of FNT: 2nd digit + Note right of GMSC: ........ + Note right of MSCA: ........ + FNT->>GMSC: DTMF tone + GMSC->>MSCA: DTMF tone + Note right of FNT: n-th digit + Note left of MSCA: MSC triggers call termination, if the specific DTMF digit sequence is detected. + MSCA->>MS: Termination + MSCA->>GMSC: Release + GMSC->>FNT: Release + +``` + +Sequence diagram for broadcast call termination by an entitled fixed line dispatcher. Lifelines: MS (originator), MSC-A, GMSC, FNT. The process starts with a VBS call established and speech conversation active. The FNT dispatcher initiates DTMF signals (1st, 2nd, ..., n-th digit). The GMSC receives these tones and forwards them to the MSC-A. The MSC-A detects the DTMF signal and triggers call termination if the specific DTMF digit sequence is detected. The MSC-A sends a Termination message to the MS, a Release message to the GMSC, and a Release message to the FNT. + +**Figure 4d: Signalling required for broadcast call termination by an entitled fixed line dispatcher.** + +![Sequence diagram for A-interface link sharing used or broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS supported. Lifelines: MS, BSS, MSC, BSSs. The BSS sends a VBS ASSIGNMENT STATUS message to the MSC.](742a5484e7dd016256ab99921bbd635d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS + participant MSC + participant BSSs + BSS->>MSC: VBS ASSIGNMENT STATUS + +``` + +Sequence diagram for A-interface link sharing used or broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS supported. Lifelines: MS, BSS, MSC, BSSs. The BSS sends a VBS ASSIGNMENT STATUS message to the MSC. + +NOTE: The terrestrial resource for the broadcast call channel is not released. + +**Figure 4e: A-interface link sharing used or broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS supported: release after equipment failure (TRX, PCM ...) concerning a cell that is not serving the originating service subscriber** + +If A-interface link sharing is used or broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS is supported, and a failure concerning a cell that is not serving the originating service subscriber was detected, the BSS shall send the VBS ASSIGNMENT STATUS message indicating that the connection to this cell is no longer established (see figure 4e). If A-interface link sharing is used, the VBS ASSIGNMENT STATUS message shall be sent on expiry of timer Tast. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between MS, BSS, MSC, and BSSs for A-interface link sharing. The BSS sends a 'Clear Request (cause = equipment failure)' to the MSC. The MSC responds with a 'Clear Command' to the BSS. The BSS then sends a 'Clear complete' message to the MSC. The MS and BSSs are not involved in this specific sequence.](fcc757566216206ceddbd6c775e8db02_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSS + participant MSC + Note left of BSS: (MS and BSSs are not involved in this sequence) + BSS->>MSC: Clear Request (cause = equipment failure) + MSC-->>BSS: Clear Command + BSS->>MSC: Clear complete + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between MS, BSS, MSC, and BSSs for A-interface link sharing. The BSS sends a 'Clear Request (cause = equipment failure)' to the MSC. The MSC responds with a 'Clear Command' to the BSS. The BSS then sends a 'Clear complete' message to the MSC. The MS and BSSs are not involved in this specific sequence. + +**Figure 4f: A-interface link sharing used or broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS supported: release after equipment failure concerning the link between MSC and BSS** + +If A-interface link sharing is used or broadcast call re-establishment by the BSS is supported, the BSC shall send the message CLEAR REQUEST with cause value "equipment failure" or another appropriate cause value, if a failure concerning the link between MSC and BSS was detected and the resources related to this connection shall be released (see figure 4f). After receipt of the CLEAR REQUEST message the MSC shall send a CLEAR COMMAND message for the respective connection and try to establish a new connection. + +## 11.4 Functional requirement of Anchor-MSC + +The VBS handling process in the anchor MSC is shown in figure 5. + +### Successful call set-up + +When the VBS handling process in the anchor MSC receives a VBS call set-up request from either a dispatcher or a service subscriber currently located in the anchor MSC's area or a service subscriber currently located in a relay MSC's area, or - in a RANflex configuration or in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy - from a service subscriber currently registered in a VMSC, it interrogates its associated GCR to retrieve the broadcast call attributes, and waits for a response. + +If the GCR returns a positive response containing the broadcast call attributes, the anchor MSC sets up the downlinks to the cells inside the MSC area of the group call anchor MSC into which the call is to be sent, sets up the connections to the dispatchers to which a dedicated link is to be established, sets up the connections to the relay MSCs or relay MSC redundancy pools into which the call is to be sent and waits for call release. + +#### Procedure Setup Connections to Relay MSCs and BSCs + +The procedure is shown in figure 6. + +The procedure + +- sets up the downlinks to the cells inside the MSC area of the group call anchor MSC into which the call is to be sent; +- sends PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL messages to all relay MSCs (in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy: to all group call relay MSC redundancy pools) and waits for the responses. + +If a positive response containing a Group Call number is received from a relay MSC, the anchor MSC constructs an IAM using the Group Call number as called party address, sends it to the relay MSC and waits for the SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL message. + +If a SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL message without IMSI is received from a relay MSC, this indicates to the anchor MSC that at least one downlink to a cell has been successfully connected in the relay MSC. + +If the call was originated by a service subscriber in a relay MSC area and a SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL message with the IMSI of the originator is received from this relay MSC, this indicates to the anchor MSC that the downlink to the originating cell has been successfully connected. + +Relay MSCs (in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy: relay MSC redundancy pools) that do not send positive responses to the PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL message are no longer considered to belong to the list of relay MSCs (or relay MSC redundancy pools) for this VBS call. + +If, after receipt of a positive response containing a Group Call number from a relay MSC, the anchor MSC receives an ABORT from the relay MSC, the relay MSC or relay MSC redundancy pool will no longer be considered to belong to the list of relay MSCs or relay MSC redundancy pools for this VBS call. + +Optionally in both cases the anchor MSC may retry to establish the connection to the relay MSC or relay MSC redundancy pool, instead of no longer considering the relay MSC or relay MSC redundancy pool to belong to the list of relay MSCs or relay MSC redundancy pools. + +If an ABORT message is received from the relay MSC or relay MSC redundancy pool the anchor MSC releases the connection, established with the Group Call number, to the relay MSC or relay MSC redundancy pool and the relay MSC or relay MSC redundancy pool is no longer considered to belong to the list of relay MSCs or relay MSC redundancy pools for this VBS call. + +If a Release message for the connection established with the Group Call number is received from a relay MSC or relay MSC redundancy pool, then the relay MSC or relay MSC redundancy pool is no longer considered to belong to the list of relay MSCs or relay MSC redundancy pools for this VBS call. If the negative response on the PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL message is received from originating relay MSC, the call may be released. + +### **Unsuccessful call set-up** + +If the call set-up is unsuccessful (i.e. conditions for call establishment have not been met as per subclause 11.3.1.1.2) the anchor MSC releases the connections to the relay MSCs, aborts any dialogues to relay MSCs, releases all connections to dispatchers, all downlinks to cells inside the anchor MSC area are released, the GCR is informed that the call is no longer on-going and the process returns to the idle state. + +#### **Negative response received from the GCR** + +If the GCR returns a negative response to the anchor MSC indicating that the call is already on-going locally i.e. at the associated MSC, the anchor MSC checks whether the new call was initiated by a dispatcher. If so, the dispatcher is connected to the on-going call and the process returns to the idle state. If the new call was initiated by a service subscriber, a Release message indicating 'user busy' is returned in order to force the mobile station of the service subscriber to look for notifications of the respective group ID on the NCH and join the broadcast call. + +If (in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy) the GCR returns a negative response to the selected anchor MSC indicating that the call is already on-going at another MSC within the group call anchor MSC redundancy pool, the selected anchor MSC checks whether the new call was initiated by a dispatcher or a service subscriber served by another VMSC. If so, the selected anchor MSC forwards the call setup request to the anchor MSC where the group call is ongoing (possibly using a special prefix for the called party number). The selected anchor MSC then acts as a transit node unless it recognizes that the anchor MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing is out of service. In the latter case the selected anchor MSC repeats the GCR interrogation including "ongoing call override indication". If the call was initiated by a service subscriber served by the selected anchor MSC, the selected anchor MSC interrogates the anchor MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing by means of the MAP service SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO and waits for a response. If the selected anchor MSC recognizes that the anchor MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing is out of service or if that anchor MSC responds with a positive SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO response (i.e. the GCRs are out of synch and the broadcast call at the other anchor MSC is not ongoing), then the selected anchor MSC repeats the GCR interrogation including "ongoing call override indication". If the anchor MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing responds with a negative SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO response (ongoing call), then the selected anchor MSC returns a Release message indicating "user busy" in order to force the mobile station of the service subscriber to look for notifications of the respective group ID on the NCH and join the broadcast call. + +If the negative response from the GCR indicates any other reason than 'on-going call' the VBS call set-up request is rejected by sending a release message back to the initiator and the process returns to the idle state. + +### **Call release** + +If the anchor MSC receives the specific DTMF message sequence or the specific DTMF tone sequence for call termination from a dispatcher who is allowed to terminate the voice broadcast call (see figures 4b to 4d), or a Termination Request message from the service subscriber who has initiated the VBS call or a Release message from the relay MSC for the calling service subscriber's dedicated connection to the anchor MSC, the connections to the relay MSCs are released and any MAP dialogues to relay MSCs are closed by sending SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL\_ACK, all connections to dispatchers are released, all downlinks to cells inside the anchor MSC area are released, the GCR is informed that the call is no longer on-going and the process returns to the idle state. + +![Flowchart of VBS handling process in the anchor MSC. The process starts at 'Idle', receives a 'VBS call setup request', starts timer Txx (R1), sends 'GCR Interrogation', waits for response. If 'negative response' and 'on-going call' is 'no', it sends 'REL' and returns to 'Idle'. If 'positive response', it sets up connections to dispatchers and relay MSCs/BSCs. If 'conditions for set-up met?' is 'no', it sends 'REL' to calling service subscriber or calling dispatcher, then 'Send Group Call End Signal ACK or ABORT' to all relay MSCs, then 'REL' to all relay MSCs, BSCs and dispatchers, then 'GCR released' to GCR, and returns to 'Idle'. If 'yes', it sends 'CONNECT' and waits for release.](e2c120be98ede6deb60dd341f5a9803b_img.jpg) + +Process VBS\_Handling\_Anchor\_MSC 1(3) + +``` +graph TD; Idle1([Idle]) --> VBS[VBS call setup request]; VBS --> Txx[start timer Txx]; Txx --> GCR[GCR Interrogation]; GCR --> WaitGCR[Wait for GCR response]; WaitGCR --> Pos[positive response]; WaitGCR --> Neg[negative response]; Neg --> OnGoing{on-going call}; OnGoing -- no --> REL1[REL]; OnGoing -- yes --> R((R)); REL1 --> Idle2([Idle]); Pos --> SetupDisp[setup connection to dispatchers]; SetupDisp --> SetupRelay[setup connections to relay MSCs and BSCs]; SetupRelay --> Cond{conditions for set-up met?}; Cond -- no --> REL2[REL]; Cond -- yes --> CONNECT[CONNECT]; REL2 --> REL2_desc[to calling service subscriber or calling dispatcher]; REL2_desc --> SendEnd[Send Group Call End Signal ACK or ABORT]; SendEnd --> SendEnd_desc[to all relay MSCs]; SendEnd_desc --> REL3[REL]; REL3 --> REL3_desc[to all relay MSCs, BSCs and dispatchers]; REL3_desc --> GCRRel[GCR released]; GCRRel --> GCRRel_desc[to GCR]; GCRRel_desc --> Idle3([Idle]); CONNECT --> WaitRel[Wait for release]; +``` + +Flowchart of VBS handling process in the anchor MSC. The process starts at 'Idle', receives a 'VBS call setup request', starts timer Txx (R1), sends 'GCR Interrogation', waits for response. If 'negative response' and 'on-going call' is 'no', it sends 'REL' and returns to 'Idle'. If 'positive response', it sets up connections to dispatchers and relay MSCs/BSCs. If 'conditions for set-up met?' is 'no', it sends 'REL' to calling service subscriber or calling dispatcher, then 'Send Group Call End Signal ACK or ABORT' to all relay MSCs, then 'REL' to all relay MSCs, BSCs and dispatchers, then 'GCR released' to GCR, and returns to 'Idle'. If 'yes', it sends 'CONNECT' and waits for release. + +Figure 5: VBS handling process in the anchor MSC (sheet 1 of 3) + +![Flowchart of the VBS handling process in the anchor MSC. It starts with a decision 'Ongoing at another Anchor MSC within the redundancy pool'. If 'yes', it goes to 'dispatcher originated' (yes) -> 'SETUP to other A-MSC' -> 'wait for release'. If 'no', it goes to 'dispatcher originated' (no) -> 'REL (user busy)' -> 'Idle'. If 'dispatcher originated' is 'yes', it goes to 'connect to on-going call' -> 'Idle'. There are also paths for 'dispatcher originated' (yes) leading to 'or service subscriber initiated at other V-MSC' -> 'dispatcher originated' (no) -> 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO to other A-MSC' -> 'wait for response'. From 'wait for release' and 'wait for response', there are parallel paths: 'Other A-MSC is out of service' -> 'Set on-going call override indication' -> 'R1'; 'REL' -> 'Idle'; '*' -> 'wait for release'. From 'wait for response', there are parallel paths: 'Other A-MSC is out of service' -> 'Set on-going call override indication' -> 'R1'; 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative resp.' -> 'ongoing call' (yes) -> 'REL (user busy)' -> 'Idle', (no) -> 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO response'; 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO response' -> 'Set on-going call override indication' -> 'R1'.](0f6e3cdce0f01d6ccceabcced508bb5b_img.jpg) + +Process VBS\_Handling\_Anchor\_MSC 2(3) + +``` +graph TD + R((R)) --> D1{Ongoing at another Anchor MSC within the redundancy pool} + D1 -- yes --> D2{dispatcher originated} + D1 -- no --> D3{dispatcher originated} + D2 -- yes --> P1[SETUP to other A-MSC] + D2 -- no --> P2[or service subscriber initiated at other V-MSC] + P2 --> D4{dispatcher originated} + D4 -- yes --> P1 + D4 -- no --> P3[SEND GROUP CALL INFO to other A-MSC] + P1 --> S1([wait for release]) + P3 --> S2([wait for response]) + D3 -- yes --> P4[connect to on-going call] + D3 -- no --> P5[REL user busy] + P4 --> S3([Idle]) + P5 --> S3 + S1 --> P6[Other A-MSC is out of service] + S1 --> P7[REL] + S1 --> P8[*] + P6 --> P9[Set on-going call override indication] + P9 --> R1((R1)) + P7 --> S4([Idle]) + P8 --> S5([wait for release]) + S2 --> P10[Other A-MSC is out of service] + S2 --> P11[SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative resp.] + S2 --> P12[SEND GROUP CALL INFO response] + P10 --> P13[Set on-going call override indication] + P13 --> R2((R1)) + P11 --> D5{ongoing call} + D5 -- yes --> P14[REL user busy] + P14 --> S6([Idle]) + D5 -- no --> P15[SEND GROUP CALL INFO response] + P15 --> P16[Set on-going call override indication] + P16 --> R3((R1)) +``` + +Flowchart of the VBS handling process in the anchor MSC. It starts with a decision 'Ongoing at another Anchor MSC within the redundancy pool'. If 'yes', it goes to 'dispatcher originated' (yes) -> 'SETUP to other A-MSC' -> 'wait for release'. If 'no', it goes to 'dispatcher originated' (no) -> 'REL (user busy)' -> 'Idle'. If 'dispatcher originated' is 'yes', it goes to 'connect to on-going call' -> 'Idle'. There are also paths for 'dispatcher originated' (yes) leading to 'or service subscriber initiated at other V-MSC' -> 'dispatcher originated' (no) -> 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO to other A-MSC' -> 'wait for response'. From 'wait for release' and 'wait for response', there are parallel paths: 'Other A-MSC is out of service' -> 'Set on-going call override indication' -> 'R1'; 'REL' -> 'Idle'; '\*' -> 'wait for release'. From 'wait for response', there are parallel paths: 'Other A-MSC is out of service' -> 'Set on-going call override indication' -> 'R1'; 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative resp.' -> 'ongoing call' (yes) -> 'REL (user busy)' -> 'Idle', (no) -> 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO response'; 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO response' -> 'Set on-going call override indication' -> 'R1'. + +Figure 5: The VBS handling process in the anchor MSC (sheet 2 of 3) + +![Flowchart of VBS handling process in the anchor MSC. The process starts with 'Wait for release', leading to a decision 'Termination from entitled Request/RELparty'. If 'no', it goes to 'REL (from relay MSC)'. If 'yes', it goes to 'Prepare Group Call Ack'. From 'Prepare Group Call Ack', it goes to 'IAM'. From 'IAM', it goes to a decision 'IAM sent to relay MSC?'. If 'no', it goes to 'REL' (to relay MSC). If 'yes', it goes to 'Wait for release'. From 'Wait for release', it goes to 'Prepare Group Call negative rsp.' or 'Send Group Call End Signal', both leading to 'Wait for release'. From 'REL (from entitled Request/RELparty)', it goes to 'REL' (to all relay MSCs), then 'Send_GC-end signal_ack' (to all relay MSCs), then 'REL' (to all dispatchers and BSCs), then 'call released?' (to GCR), and finally 'Idle'.](5e9af8986a5845504f251d3079da8078_img.jpg) + +Process VBS\_Handling\_Anchor\_MSC 3(3) + +``` +graph TD; Start([Wait for release]) --> Decision1{Termination from entitled Request/RELparty}; Decision1 -- no --> REL1[REL (from relay MSC)]; Decision1 -- yes --> PrepareAck[Prepare Group Call Ack]; PrepareAck --> IAM[IAM]; IAM --> Decision2{IAM sent to relay MSC?}; Decision2 -- no --> REL2[REL to relay MSC]; Decision2 -- yes --> WaitRelease1([Wait for release]); WaitRelease1 --> PrepareNegRsp[Prepare Group Call negative rsp.]; WaitRelease1 --> SendEndSignal[Send Group Call End Signal]; PrepareNegRsp --> WaitRelease2([Wait for release]); SendEndSignal --> WaitRelease2; REL1 --> REL3[REL to all relay MSCs]; REL3 --> SendGCend[Send_GC-end signal_ack to all relay MSCs]; SendGCend --> REL4[REL to all dispatchers and BSCs]; REL4 --> CallReleased{call released? to GCR}; CallReleased --> Idle([Idle]); +``` + +Calling service subscriber on RMSC, with dedicated connection to AMSC, terminates + +Flowchart of VBS handling process in the anchor MSC. The process starts with 'Wait for release', leading to a decision 'Termination from entitled Request/RELparty'. If 'no', it goes to 'REL (from relay MSC)'. If 'yes', it goes to 'Prepare Group Call Ack'. From 'Prepare Group Call Ack', it goes to 'IAM'. From 'IAM', it goes to a decision 'IAM sent to relay MSC?'. If 'no', it goes to 'REL' (to relay MSC). If 'yes', it goes to 'Wait for release'. From 'Wait for release', it goes to 'Prepare Group Call negative rsp.' or 'Send Group Call End Signal', both leading to 'Wait for release'. From 'REL (from entitled Request/RELparty)', it goes to 'REL' (to all relay MSCs), then 'Send\_GC-end signal\_ack' (to all relay MSCs), then 'REL' (to all dispatchers and BSCs), then 'call released?' (to GCR), and finally 'Idle'. + +Figure 5: VBS handling process in the anchor MSC (sheet 3 of 3) + +![Flowchart for VBS_Setup_Connections_to_relay_MSCs_and_BSCs procedure. It starts with a connector, followed by 'A_VBS_Assignment_Request' to all BSCs. A decision 'Relay MSC included' leads to 'Prepare Group Call' to all relay MSCs if 'yes', or to 'Wait for response' from relay MSCs and BSCs if 'no'. The 'Wait for response' block leads to a horizontal sequence of events: 'Prepare Group Call ACK' (sending 'IAM' to relay MSC), 'Prepare Group Call negative rsp', 'Abort', 'Send Group Call End Signal', 'A_VBS_Assignment Result', and 'Txx expired'. From 'Send Group Call End Signal', a decision 'IAM sent to relay MSC?' leads to 'REL' to relay MSC if 'yes' (and 'conditions for setup met?'), or back to 'Wait for response' if 'no'. From 'A_VBS_Assignment Result', a decision 'conditions for setup met?' leads to 'Txx expired' if 'yes', or back to 'Wait for response' if 'no'. All paths eventually lead to a second 'Wait for response' from relay MSCs and BSCs, which ends at a connector.](4b398c5e8c4fd656d5b7a61806400650_img.jpg) + +procedure VBS\_Setup\_Connections\_to\_relay\_MSCs\_and\_BSCs 1(1) + +``` +graph TD; Start([ ]) --> A[A_VBS_Assignment_Request]; A --> B[all BSCs]; A --> C{Relay MSC included}; C -- no --> D[Wait for response]; C -- yes --> E[Prepare Group Call]; E --> F[all relay MSCs]; D --> G[Wait for response]; G --> H[from relay MSCs and BSCs]; H --> I[Prepare Group Call ACK]; I --> J[IAM]; J --> K[relay MSC]; I --> L[Prepare Group Call negative rsp]; L --> M{ }; M -- no --> N[IAM sent to relay MSC?]; M -- yes --> O[REL]; O --> P[relay MSC]; P --> Q{ }; Q -- no --> G; Q -- yes --> R[conditions for setup met?]; R -- no --> G; R -- yes --> S[Txx expired]; S --> T[ ]; T --> G; G --> U[Wait for response]; U --> V[from relay MSCs and BSCs]; V --> W([ ]); +``` + +Flowchart for VBS\_Setup\_Connections\_to\_relay\_MSCs\_and\_BSCs procedure. It starts with a connector, followed by 'A\_VBS\_Assignment\_Request' to all BSCs. A decision 'Relay MSC included' leads to 'Prepare Group Call' to all relay MSCs if 'yes', or to 'Wait for response' from relay MSCs and BSCs if 'no'. The 'Wait for response' block leads to a horizontal sequence of events: 'Prepare Group Call ACK' (sending 'IAM' to relay MSC), 'Prepare Group Call negative rsp', 'Abort', 'Send Group Call End Signal', 'A\_VBS\_Assignment Result', and 'Txx expired'. From 'Send Group Call End Signal', a decision 'IAM sent to relay MSC?' leads to 'REL' to relay MSC if 'yes' (and 'conditions for setup met?'), or back to 'Wait for response' if 'no'. From 'A\_VBS\_Assignment Result', a decision 'conditions for setup met?' leads to 'Txx expired' if 'yes', or back to 'Wait for response' if 'no'. All paths eventually lead to a second 'Wait for response' from relay MSCs and BSCs, which ends at a connector. + +Figure 6: Set-up connection to relay MSCs and BSCs (sheet 1 of 1) + +## 11.5 Functional requirement of Relay-MSC + +The VBS handling process in the relay MSC is shown in figure 7. + +### Successful call set-up initiated by a service subscriber + +When the VBS handling process in the relay MSC receives a VBS call set-up request from a service subscriber currently located in a relay MSC's area, it interrogates its associated GCR to retrieve the anchor MSC address and waits for a response. + +If the GCR returns a positive response containing the anchor MSC address, the relay MSC sets up a dedicated connection for the initiating service subscriber to the anchor MSC by constructing an IAM with calling party number set to the VBS prefix plus broadcast call reference, and with a generic number parameter with the number qualifier indicator set to "additional calling party number" and address signal set to the address of this relay MSC, sending it to the anchor MSC, and waits for call release. + +#### Negative response received from the GCR + +If the GCR returns a negative response to the relay MSC indicating that the call is already on-going locally, i.e. at the associated MSC, the relay MSC sends a Release message indicating 'user busy' to the service subscriber in order to force the mobile station of the service subscriber to look for notifications of the respective group ID on the NCH and join the broadcast call. + +If (in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy) the GCR returns a negative response to the relay MSC indicating that the call is already on-going at another MSC within the group call relay MSC redundancy pool, the selected relay MSC interrogates the relay MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing by means of the MAP service SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO and waits for a response. If the selected relay MSC recognizes that the relay MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing is out of service or if that relay MSC responds with a positive SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO response (i.e. the GCRs are out of synch and the broadcast call at the other relay MSC is not ongoing), then the selected relay MSC repeats the GCR interrogation including "ongoing call override indication". If the relay MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing responds with a negative SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO response (ongoing call), then the selected relay MSC returns a Release message indicating "user busy" in order to force the mobile station of the service subscriber to look for notifications of the respective group ID on the NCH and join the broadcast call. + +If the negative response from the GCR indicates any other reason than 'on-going call' the VBS call set-up request is rejected by sending a release message back to the initiator and the process returns to the idle state. + +### Successful call set-up initiated by the anchor MSC + +When the VBS handling process in the relay MSC receives a PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL message from the anchor MSC, it interrogates its associated GCR to retrieve the list of cells inside the relay MSC area into which the call is to be sent. + +If the GCR returns a positive response, the relay MSC requests a Group Call number from its VLR. + +If the VLR returns a Group Call number, a PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL acknowledgement containing the Group Call number is returned to the anchor MSC and the relay MSC waits for the incoming call. + +If the incoming call identified by the Group Call number is received, the relay MSC releases the Group Call number and sets up the downlinks to the cells inside the relay MSC area into which the call is to be sent. + +If the call was originated by a service subscriber from the relay MSC area, the relay MSC shall send a SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL message including the IMSI of the originator to the anchor MSC when the downlink has been set up successfully to the originating cell. + +If the call was not originated by a service subscriber from the relay MSC area, the relay MSC shall send a SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_END\_SIGNAL message without IMSI information element to the anchor MSC as soon as the downlink has been set up successfully to any cell. + +Then the relay MSC waits for the call to be released. + +#### Negative response received from the GCR II + +If the GCR returns a negative response to the relay MSC, the relay MSC returns a PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL negative response to the anchor MSC and returns to the idle state. + +### **No Group Call number received from VLR** + +If the VLR could not allocate a Group Call number, the relay MSC returns a PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL negative response to the anchor MSC, informs the GCR that the call is no longer on-going and returns to the idle state. + +### **Abort received from VLR** + +If the VLR indicates that the Group Call number supervision timer has expired, the relay MSC sends an ABORT message to the anchor MSC, informs the GCR that the call is no longer on-going and returns to the idle state. + +### **Abort received from Anchor MSC** + +If, after returning a PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL acknowledgement containing the Group Call number, an ABORT is received from the anchor MSC the relay MSC releases the Group Call number, informs the GCR that the call is no longer on-going and returns to the idle state. + +### **Abort initiated by Relay MSC** + +The relay MSC may abort the dialogue by sending an ABORT message to the anchor MSC (e.g. if the relay MSC fails to establish any downlinks in its area). The relay MSC then also releases any resources, informs the GCR that the call is no longer on-going and returns to the idle state. + +### **Unsuccessful call set-up** + +Unsuccessful call set-up is determined in the anchor MSC (as per subclause 11.3.1.1.2). The relay MSC follows the procedures specified for 'ABORT received from Anchor MSC' and 'Call release'. + +### **Call release** + +When receiving a release message from the anchor MSC for the dedicated connection which was set-up to for the initiating service subscriber located in the relay MSC area, the relay MSC releases the connection to the service subscriber and the process returns to the idle state. + +When the initiating service subscriber terminates the call, the relay MSC sends a release message for the dedicated connection to the anchor MSC and the process returns to the idle state. + +When receiving a release message from the anchor MSC for the connection which was set up using the Group Call number or an ABORT message, the relay MSC releases all downlinks to cells inside the relay MSC area, informs the GCR that the call is no longer on-going and the process returns to the idle state. + +![Flowchart of VBS handling process in the relay MSC. The process starts at an Idle state, receives a VBS call setup request from a service subscriber, performs a GCR Interrogation, and then branches based on the response (positive or negative). A positive response leads to setting call party numbers and sending an IAM to an anchor MSC. A negative response leads to an on-going call check; if no, it sends a REL back to the subscriber; if yes, it reaches a connector R. Both paths lead to a final Idle state after various REL messages for call clearing.](2a476a0b3dbc3429436246db4784ff9f_img.jpg) + +Process VBS\_Handling\_Relay\_MSC 1(4) + +``` +graph TD; Start([ ]) --> Idle1([Idle]); Idle1 -- "VBS call setup request (from service subscriber)" --> R1((R1)); R1 --> GCR_Interrogation1[GCR Interrogation (to GCR)]; GCR_Interrogation1 --> Wait_GCR1[Wait for GCR response]; Wait_GCR1 --> Positive[positive response]; Wait_GCR1 --> Negative[negative response]; Positive --> Set_Party[Set Calling Party Number to VBS prefix plus Broadcast Reference
Set Additional Calling Party Number to relay MSC address]; Set_Party --> IAM[IAM (dedicated connection to anchor MSC)]; IAM --> Wait_Release[Wait for release]; Negative --> On_Going[on-going call]; On_Going -- no --> REL1[REL]; On_Going -- yes --> R((R)); REL1 --> Idle2([Idle]); Wait_Release --> REL2[REL (from Service subscriber)]; Wait_Release --> REL3[REL (to anchor MSC normal call clearing)]; REL2 --> REL4[REL (to service subscriber)]; REL3 --> REL5[REL (from anchor MSC normal call clearing)]; REL4 --> Idle3([Idle]); REL5 --> Idle3; +``` + +Flowchart of VBS handling process in the relay MSC. The process starts at an Idle state, receives a VBS call setup request from a service subscriber, performs a GCR Interrogation, and then branches based on the response (positive or negative). A positive response leads to setting call party numbers and sending an IAM to an anchor MSC. A negative response leads to an on-going call check; if no, it sends a REL back to the subscriber; if yes, it reaches a connector R. Both paths lead to a final Idle state after various REL messages for call clearing. + +Figure 7: VBS handling process in the relay MSC (sheet 1 of 4) + +![Flowchart of the VBS handling process in the relay MSC. It starts with a connector 'R' leading to a decision diamond 'Ongoing at another Relay MSC within the redundancy pool'. If 'no', it goes to 'REL (user busy)' then 'Idle'. If 'yes', it goes to 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO to other R-MSC' then 'wait for response'. From 'wait for response', it branches into three paths: 'Other R-MSC is out of service' (leading to 'Set on-going call override indication' then connector 'R1'), 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative resp.' (leading to decision 'ongoing call'), and 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO response' (leading to 'Set on-going call override indication' then connector 'R1'). The 'ongoing call' decision has 'yes' leading to 'REL (user busy)' then 'Idle', and 'no' leading to the 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO response' path.](0931f3e098bd4539041de11c50cec2d2_img.jpg) + +Process VBS\_Handling\_Relay\_MSC + +2(4) + +``` +graph TD; R((R)) --> D{Ongoing at another Relay MSC within the redundancy pool}; D -- no --> REL1[REL user busy]; REL1 --> Idle1([Idle]); D -- yes --> SEND1[SEND GROUP CALL INFO to other R-MSC]; SEND1 --> WAIT[wait for response]; WAIT --> D1{ }; D1 -- "Other R-MSC is out of service" --> SET1[Set on-going call override indication]; SET1 --> R1_1((R1)); D1 -- "SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative resp." --> D2{ongoing call}; D2 -- yes --> REL2[REL user busy]; REL2 --> Idle2([Idle]); D2 -- no --> SEND2[SEND GROUP CALL INFO response]; D1 -- "SEND GROUP CALL INFO response" --> SEND2; SEND2 --> SET2[Set on-going call override indication]; SET2 --> R1_2((R1)); +``` + +Flowchart of the VBS handling process in the relay MSC. It starts with a connector 'R' leading to a decision diamond 'Ongoing at another Relay MSC within the redundancy pool'. If 'no', it goes to 'REL (user busy)' then 'Idle'. If 'yes', it goes to 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO to other R-MSC' then 'wait for response'. From 'wait for response', it branches into three paths: 'Other R-MSC is out of service' (leading to 'Set on-going call override indication' then connector 'R1'), 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative resp.' (leading to decision 'ongoing call'), and 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO response' (leading to 'Set on-going call override indication' then connector 'R1'). The 'ongoing call' decision has 'yes' leading to 'REL (user busy)' then 'Idle', and 'no' leading to the 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO response' path. + +Figure 7: The VBS handling process in the relay MSC (sheet 2 of 4) + +![Flowchart of VBS handling process in the relay MSC. The process starts with 'Wait for GCR response II'. It branches into 'positive response', 'negative response', and 'Abort' (from anchor MSC). 'positive response' leads to 'Abort received' decision. If 'yes', it goes to 'call released' to GCR and then 'Idle'. If 'no', it goes to 'Allocate Group Call number' to VLR, then 'Wait for Group Call number'. 'negative response' leads to 'Abort received' decision. If 'yes', it goes to 'Idle'. If 'no', it goes to 'Prepare Group Call negative rsp.', then 'Idle'. 'Abort' from anchor MSC leads to 'Wait for GCR response II'. The second part of the flowchart starts from 'Wait for Group Call number'. It branches into 'positive response', 'negative response', and 'Abort' (from anchor MSC). 'positive response' leads to 'Abort received' decision. If 'yes', it goes to 'Release Group Call number' to VLR, then 'call released' to GCR, and then 'Idle'. If 'no', it goes to 'Prepare Group Call ACK.', then 'Wait for Connection'. 'negative response' leads to 'Abort received' decision. If 'yes', it goes to 'Prepare Group Call negative rsp.', then 'Idle'. If 'no', it goes to 'Release Group Call number' to VLR, then 'call released' to GCR, and then 'Idle'. 'Abort' from anchor MSC leads to 'Wait for Group Call number'.](ffb6acd27b8e3a54392840948a75869f_img.jpg) + +Process VBS\_Handling\_Relay\_MSC + +3(4) + +``` +graph TD; subgraph Sheet1 [ ]; W1([Wait for GCR response II]) --> PR1{positive response}; W1 --> NR1{negative response}; W1 --> AB1{Abort}; AB1 -.-> AM1[from anchor MSC]; PR1 --> AR1{Abort received}; AR1 -- yes --> CR1[call released]; CR1 --> GCR1[to GCR]; CR1 --> ID1([Idle]); AR1 -- no --> AGN1[Allocate Group Call number]; AGN1 --> VLR1[to VLR]; AGN1 --> WGN1([Wait for Group Call number]); NR1 --> AR2{Abort received}; AR2 -- yes --> ID2([Idle]); AR2 -- no --> PGCN1[Prepare Group Call negative rsp.]; PGCN1 --> ID2; AB1 --> W2([Wait for GCR response II]); end; subgraph Sheet2 [ ]; WGN2([Wait for Group Call number]) --> PR2{positive response}; WGN2 --> NR2{negative response}; WGN2 --> AB2{Abort}; AB2 -.-> AM2[from anchor MSC]; PR2 --> AR3{Abort received}; AR3 -- yes --> RGCN[Release Group Call number]; RGCN --> VLR2[to VLR]; RGCN --> CR2[call released]; CR2 --> GCR2[to GCR]; CR2 --> ID3([Idle]); AR3 -- no --> PGCA[Prepare Group Call ACK.]; PGCA --> WC([Wait for Connection]); NR2 --> AR4{Abort received}; AR4 -- yes --> PGCN2[Prepare Group Call negative rsp.]; PGCN2 --> ID4([Idle]); AR4 -- no --> RGCN; AB2 --> WGN2; end; +``` + +Flowchart of VBS handling process in the relay MSC. The process starts with 'Wait for GCR response II'. It branches into 'positive response', 'negative response', and 'Abort' (from anchor MSC). 'positive response' leads to 'Abort received' decision. If 'yes', it goes to 'call released' to GCR and then 'Idle'. If 'no', it goes to 'Allocate Group Call number' to VLR, then 'Wait for Group Call number'. 'negative response' leads to 'Abort received' decision. If 'yes', it goes to 'Idle'. If 'no', it goes to 'Prepare Group Call negative rsp.', then 'Idle'. 'Abort' from anchor MSC leads to 'Wait for GCR response II'. The second part of the flowchart starts from 'Wait for Group Call number'. It branches into 'positive response', 'negative response', and 'Abort' (from anchor MSC). 'positive response' leads to 'Abort received' decision. If 'yes', it goes to 'Release Group Call number' to VLR, then 'call released' to GCR, and then 'Idle'. If 'no', it goes to 'Prepare Group Call ACK.', then 'Wait for Connection'. 'negative response' leads to 'Abort received' decision. If 'yes', it goes to 'Prepare Group Call negative rsp.', then 'Idle'. If 'no', it goes to 'Release Group Call number' to VLR, then 'call released' to GCR, and then 'Idle'. 'Abort' from anchor MSC leads to 'Wait for Group Call number'. + +Figure 7: VBS handling process in the relay MSC (sheet 3 of 4) + +![Flowchart of the VBS handling process in the relay MSC (sheet 4 of 4). The process starts in an Idle state and waits for a connection. It then handles incoming messages from the anchor MSC (IAM) and VLR (Release Group Call number). It sets up downlinks in the relay MSC area and waits for BSC(s) responses. If successful, it sends a Group Call End Signal to the anchor MSC and waits for a release II. If not successful, it aborts the call. The process ends in an Idle state after sending a call released message to the GCR.](719ef0f734259484038b2434e5dc3f24_img.jpg) + +Process VBS\_Handling\_Relay\_MSC 4(4) + +``` + + graph TD + Start([Wait for Connection]) --> IAM[/IAM/] + IAM -- from anchor MSC --> ReleaseGCRN[Release Group Call number] + ReleaseGCRN -- to VLR --> SetupDownlinks[setup downlinks in relay MSC area] + SetupDownlinks --> WaitBSC([Wait for BSC(s) responses]) + WaitBSC -- or release from anchor MSC --> Idle1([Idle]) + WaitBSC --> Response[/response/] + Response --> Success{success?} + Success -- no --> SendEndSignal[Send Group Call End Signal] + SendEndSignal -- to anchor MSC --> WaitRel2([Wait for release II]) + WaitRel2 -- from anchor MSC --> REL2[/REL/] + REL2 -- from anchor MSC --> SendGCACK[Send GC end_sig ACK] + SendGCACK --> REL3[/REL/] + REL3 -- to all BSCs --> CallReleased[call released] + CallReleased -- to GCR --> Idle2([Idle]) + + %% Abort paths + IAM --> Abort1[/Abort/] + Abort1 -- from anchor MSC --> Abort2[/Abort/] + Abort2 -- from VLR --> Abort3[/Abort/] + Abort3 -- to anchor MSC --> ReleaseGCRN + + Response --> Abort4[/Abort/] + Abort4 -- from anchor MSC --> REL1[/REL/] + REL1 -- from anchor MSC --> Success + + %% Note box + Success -- yes --> Note[For a subscriber originated call in this relay MSC the downlink for the cell of origin has been established. Otherwise any one downlink in the relay MSC area has been established.] + Note --> SendEndSignal + +``` + +Flowchart of the VBS handling process in the relay MSC (sheet 4 of 4). The process starts in an Idle state and waits for a connection. It then handles incoming messages from the anchor MSC (IAM) and VLR (Release Group Call number). It sets up downlinks in the relay MSC area and waits for BSC(s) responses. If successful, it sends a Group Call End Signal to the anchor MSC and waits for a release II. If not successful, it aborts the call. The process ends in an Idle state after sending a call released message to the GCR. + +**Figure 7: VBS handling process in the relay MSC (sheet 4 of 4)** + +## 11.5A Functional requirement of group call serving MSC (within a RANflex pool) + +The process in the group call serving MSC is shown in figure 7A. + +The group call serving MSC is either the anchor MSC or a relay MSC. + +### Successful call set-up initiated by a service subscriber + +When receiving a SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO interrogation request from a VMSC, the group call serving MSC (in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy: the selected group call serving MSC) interrogates its associated GCR to retrieve the Broadcast Call Reference and the Anchor MSC address from the given cell Id / Group Id pair and return this information to the VMSC. The group call serving MSC shall temporarily store in its associated GCR the initiating subscriber's IMSI and originating cell Id as received in the interrogation request from the VMSC. The group call serving MSC shall then wait for the broadcast call being set up: + +If the group call serving MSC is the anchor MSC, it waits for an IAM from the VMSC; if the group call serving MSC is a relay MSC, it waits for a PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL from the anchor MSC. + +Waiting for the broadcast call being set up shall be supervised by a timer T3. + +When receiving IAM from the visited MSC, timer T3 is stopped and processing continues in the process VBS\_Handling\_Anchor\_MSC after reception of the VBS call setup request in Idle state. + +When receiving PREPARE\_GROUP\_CALL from the anchor MSC, timer T3 is stopped and processing continues in the process VBS\_Handling\_Relay\_MSC after reception of PREPARE GROUP CALL in Idle state. + +### **Unsuccessful call set-up** + +In a RANflex configuration: If the broadcast call reference could not be retrieved or the GCR returns a negative response indicating "on-going call" to the group call serving MSC, an error indication is returned to the VMSC and the process returns to the idle state. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy: If the GCR returns a negative response indicating "on-going call" to the group call serving MSC, the group call serving MSC forwards the SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO message within the same redundancy pool to the group call serving MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing. + +If the selected group call serving MSC recognizes that the group call serving MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing is out of service or if that group call serving MSC responds with a positive SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO response (i.e. the GCRs are out of synch and the broadcast call at the other group call serving MSC is not ongoing), then the selected group call serving MSC repeats the GCR interrogation including "ongoing call override indication". If the group call serving MSC where the broadcast call is ongoing responds with a negative SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO response (ongoing call), then the selected group call serving MSC returns a negative SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO response indicating "ongoingGroupCall" to the VMSC in order to force the mobile station of the service subscriber to look for notifications of the respective group ID on the NCH and join the broadcast call. + +At timeout of timer T3 the temporarily stored initiating subscriber's IMSI and originating cell Id shall be deleted from the GCR. + +![Flowchart of the VBS handling process in the group call serving MSC. The process starts at an Idle state, receives Group Call Info from a VMSC, performs a GCR Interrogation, and then handles the response (positive or negative). A positive response leads to starting timer T3 and sending a response to the VMSC, followed by waiting for group call setup. A negative response leads to checking for an on-going call; if none, it sends a negative response to the VMSC and returns to Idle. If an on-going call exists, it proceeds to connector R. From the Idle state after setup, three paths are possible: receiving an IAM from a VMSC (stop timer T3, Idle), receiving a Prepare Group Call from an anchor MSC (stop timer T3, Idle), or a timeout of timer T3 (call released to GCR, Idle).](18bb06865e2dada3656ea3d57f290f7f_img.jpg) + +process VBS\_Handling\_Group\_Call\_Serving\_MSC 1(2) + +``` +graph TD; Start([ ]) --> Idle1([Idle]); Idle1 --> SendGroupCallInfo{Send_Group_Call_Info}; SendGroupCallInfo -- from VMSC --> GCRInterrogation{GCR Interrogation}; GCRInterrogation --> WaitGCR[Wait for GCR response]; WaitGCR --> PositiveResponse{positive response}; PositiveResponse --> StartT3_1[start timer T3]; StartT3_1 --> SendGroupCallInfoResponse{Send_Group_Call_Info response}; SendGroupCallInfoResponse -- to VMSC --> WaitGroupCallSetup[Wait for Group Call setup]; WaitGroupCallSetup --> IAM{IAM}; IAM -- from VMSC --> StopT3_1[stop timer T3]; StopT3_1 --> Idle2([Idle]); NegativeResponse{negative response} --> OnGoingCall{on-going call}; OnGoingCall -- no --> SendGroupCallInfoNegResponse{Send_Group_Call_Info negative response}; SendGroupCallInfoNegResponse -- to VMSC --> Idle3([Idle]); OnGoingCall -- yes --> R((R)); StartT3_1 -.-> Note1["in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy T3 is not started in the MSC"]; WaitGroupCallSetup -.-> Note2["in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy: Idle"]; Idle2 -.-> Note3["for further processing refer to Process VBS_Handling_Anchor_MSC"]; Idle3 -.-> Note4["for further processing refer to Process VBS_Handling_Relay_MSC"]; Idle3 --> PrepareGroupCall{Prepare Group Call}; PrepareGroupCall -- from anchor MSC --> StopT3_2[stop timer T3]; StopT3_2 --> Idle4([Idle]); Idle3 --> TimeoutT3{time out T3}; TimeoutT3 --> CallReleased{call released}; CallReleased -- to GCR --> Idle5([Idle]); +``` + +Flowchart of the VBS handling process in the group call serving MSC. The process starts at an Idle state, receives Group Call Info from a VMSC, performs a GCR Interrogation, and then handles the response (positive or negative). A positive response leads to starting timer T3 and sending a response to the VMSC, followed by waiting for group call setup. A negative response leads to checking for an on-going call; if none, it sends a negative response to the VMSC and returns to Idle. If an on-going call exists, it proceeds to connector R. From the Idle state after setup, three paths are possible: receiving an IAM from a VMSC (stop timer T3, Idle), receiving a Prepare Group Call from an anchor MSC (stop timer T3, Idle), or a timeout of timer T3 (call released to GCR, Idle). + +Figure 7A: The VBS handling process in the group call serving MSC (sheet 1 of 2) + +![Flowchart for Process VBS_Handling_Group_Call_Serving_MSC (sheet 2 of 2). The process starts at connector R. It enters a decision diamond: 'Ongoing at another Group Call Serving MSC within the redundancy pool'. If 'no', it leads to a process 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative response' which connects to 'to VMSC' and then leads to the 'Idle' state. If 'yes', it leads to 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO to other GCSSMSC' and then to a 'wait for response' state. From 'wait for response', there are three paths: 1) 'Other GCSSMSC is out of service' leads to 'Set on-going call override indication' and then to connector R1. 2) 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative resp.' leads to a decision 'ongoing call'. If 'yes', it leads to 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative resp.' and then to 'Idle'. If 'no', it leads to 'Set on-going call override indication' and then to connector R1. 3) 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO response' leads directly to 'Set on-going call override indication' and then to connector R1.](2f587210e4f97c32758c5972e2e83d20_img.jpg) + +Process VBS\_Handling\_Group\_Call\_Serving\_MSC 2(2) + +``` + +graph TD + R((R)) --> D1{Ongoing at another +Group Call Serving MSC +within the redundancy +pool} + D1 -- no --> S1[/SEND GROUP +CALL INFO +negative response/] + S1 --- VMSC[to VMSC] + S1 --> Idle1([Idle]) + D1 -- yes --> S2[SEND GROUP +CALL INFO to +other GCSSMSC] + S2 --> Wait([wait for +response]) + Wait --> D2{Other +GCSSMSC is +out of service} + D2 --> S3[Set on-going +call override +indication] + S3 --> R1_1((R1)) + Wait --> S4[/SEND GROUP +CALL INFO +negative resp./] + S4 --> D3{ongoing call} + D3 -- yes --> S5[/SEND GROUP +CALL INFO +negative resp./] + S5 --> Idle2([Idle]) + D3 -- no --> S6[Set on-going +call override +indication] + S6 --> R1_2((R1)) + Wait --> S7[/SEND GROUP +CALL INFO +response/] + S7 --> S6 + +``` + +Flowchart for Process VBS\_Handling\_Group\_Call\_Serving\_MSC (sheet 2 of 2). The process starts at connector R. It enters a decision diamond: 'Ongoing at another Group Call Serving MSC within the redundancy pool'. If 'no', it leads to a process 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative response' which connects to 'to VMSC' and then leads to the 'Idle' state. If 'yes', it leads to 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO to other GCSSMSC' and then to a 'wait for response' state. From 'wait for response', there are three paths: 1) 'Other GCSSMSC is out of service' leads to 'Set on-going call override indication' and then to connector R1. 2) 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative resp.' leads to a decision 'ongoing call'. If 'yes', it leads to 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO negative resp.' and then to 'Idle'. If 'no', it leads to 'Set on-going call override indication' and then to connector R1. 3) 'SEND GROUP CALL INFO response' leads directly to 'Set on-going call override indication' and then to connector R1. + +**Figure 7A: The VBS handling process in the group call serving MSC (sheet 2 of 2)** + +## 11.5B Functional requirement of VMSC (within a RANflex pool) + +The process in the visited MSC is shown in figure 7B. + +### **Successful call set-up initiated by a service subscriber** + +When the VBS handling process in the originating MSC receives a VBS call set-up request from a service subscriber, the VMSC derives the address of the group call serving MSC or group call serving MSC redundancy pool from the requesting subscriber's current LAC. If the VMSC is the group call serving MSC or belongs to the group call serving MSC redundancy pool of the requesting subscriber's current LAC, processing continues in the process VBS\_Handling\_Anchor\_MSC or VGCS\_Handling\_Relay\_MSC after reception of the VGCS call setup request in Idle state. Otherwise, the visited MSC interrogates the group call serving MSC by means of the MAP service SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO to retrieve the anchor MSC address and Broadcast Call Reference and waits for a response. + +If the group call serving MSC returns a positive response containing the address of the anchor MSC or anchor MSC redundancy pool and the address is different from the visited MSC's address, the originating MSC sets up a dedicated connection for the initiating service subscriber to the anchor MSC by constructing an IAM with calling party number set to VBS prefix plus broadcast call reference, and with a generic number parameter with the number qualifier indicator set to "additional calling party number" and address signal set to the address of the group call serving MSC (in + +a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy this shall be the same address as used to route the SEND\_GROUP\_CALL\_INFO message , i.e. identifying the redundancy pool), sending it to the anchor MSC, and waits for call release. If the VMSC is the anchor MSC or belongs to the anchor MSC redundancy pool, processing continues in the process VBS\_Handling\_Anchor\_MSC after reception of the VBS call setup request in Idle state. + +### **Negative response received from the group call serving MSC** + +If the group call serving MSC returns a negative response to the originating MSC indicating that the call is already on-going, the originating MSC sends a Release message indicating "user busy" to the service subscriber in order to force the mobile station of the service subscriber to look for notifications of the respective group ID on the NCH and join the group call. + +If the negative response from the group call serving MSC indicates any other reason than "on-going call" the VBSS call set-up request is rejected by sending a release message back to the initiator and the process returns to the idle state. + +![Flowchart for VBS_Handling_VMSC process](dbd4bab54b57e8d1abf80e3de6471130_img.jpg) + +process VBS\_Handling\_VMSC 1(1) + +``` +graph TD; Start([ ]) --> Idle1([Idle]); Idle1 --> VBS[VBS call setup request]; VBS -.-> VBS_note[from service subscriber]; VBS --> Derive[derive group call serving MSC from LAC]; Derive -.-> Derive_note[derive group call serving MSC from LAC]; Derive --> Decision1{ }; Decision1 -- yes --> Idle2([Idle]); Decision1 -- no --> Send[Send Group Call Info]; Send -.-> Send_note[to Group call serving MSC]; Send --> Wait1[Wait for response]; Wait1 --> Positive[positive response]; Wait1 --> Negative[negative response]; Positive --> Decision2{ }; Decision2 -- yes --> Idle3([Idle]); Decision2 -- no --> IAM[IAM]; IAM -.-> IAM_note[dedicated connection to Anchor MSC]; IAM --> Wait2[Wait for release]; Wait2 --> REL1[REL]; REL1 -.-> REL1_note[from anchor MSC]; REL1 --> REL2[REL]; REL2 -.-> REL2_note[to service subscriber]; REL2 --> Idle4([Idle]); Negative --> Rel1[Rel]; Rel1 -.-> Rel1_note[to service subscriber]; Rel1 --> Idle5([Idle]); REL2 --> REL3[REL]; REL3 -.-> REL3_note[to anchor MSC]; REL3 --> Idle4; +``` + +The flowchart illustrates the VBS\_Handling\_VMSC process. It begins with an initial state leading to an 'Idle' state. Upon receiving a 'VBS call setup request' from a service subscriber, the system derives the group call serving MSC from the LAC. A decision is then made: if the VMSC is the group call serving MSC or belongs to its redundancy pool (yes), the process returns to an 'Idle' state; otherwise (no), it sends group call info to the group call serving MSC and waits for a response. A 'positive response' leads to another decision: if the VMSC is the group call anchor MSC or belongs to its redundancy pool (yes), the process returns to an 'Idle' state; otherwise (no), it sends an IAM (dedicated connection to Anchor MSC) and waits for a release. A 'negative response' leads to a 'Rel' message to the service subscriber and returns to an 'Idle' state. Upon receiving a release from the anchor MSC, the system sends a 'REL' message to the service subscriber and then another 'REL' message to the anchor MSC, finally returning to an 'Idle' state. Callouts indicate further processing for 'VBS\_Handling\_Anchor\_MSC' or 'VBS\_Handling\_Relay\_MSC' at various points in the flow. + +Flowchart for VBS\_Handling\_VMSC process + +**Figure 7B: The VBS handling process in the VMSC** + +## 11.6 Functional requirement of GCR + +The process in the GCR for RANflex and without RANflex configurations is shown in figure 8. + +The process in the GCR for RANflex configuration with group call redundancy is shown in figure 8A. Figure 8A does not show details on GCR restoration (see subclause 5.3.3). + +### Service subscriber initiated call + +If the GCR receives an interrogation request for a call initiated by a service subscriber who is located in the MSC area of the associated MSC, the GCR calculates the broadcast call reference from the Group ID and the originating cell ID. + +If the broadcast call reference was successfully calculated, the GCR checks whether a VBS call with that broadcast call reference is already on-going. + +If the call is not marked as on-going, the GCR checks whether an anchor MSC address is stored in its broadcast call reference record. If this is the case and initial talker information is not yet stored, a positive response including the anchor MSC address is returned to the MSC, the initial talker information (IMSI, originating cell id) of the initiating service subscriber is stored in the GCR and the process returns to the idle state. If anchor MSC address and initial talker information are stored (this is the case where the associated MSC is relay MSC, and timer T3 is running, i.e. broadcast call setup is in progress but the call is not yet fully established ), a negative response indicating "on-going call" is returned to the MSC and the process returns to the idle state. If no anchor MSC address is stored ( i.e. the associated MSC is anchor MSC with respect to this broadcast call reference) the GCR marks its broadcast call reference record with 'on-going call' and returns a positive response including the broadcast call attributes to the MSC and the process returns to the idle state. + +If the broadcast call reference could not be successfully calculated from the Group ID and the originating cell ID, the GCR returns a negative response indicating 'failure' to the MSC and the process returns to the idle state. + +If the call was marked as on-going , the GCR returns a negative response indicating 'on-going call' to the MSC and the process returns to the idle state. + +### IAM initiated call + +If the GCR receives an interrogation request for a call initiated by a dispatcher or by a service subscriber who is not located in the MSC area of the associated MSC, the GCR checks the calling party number of the initiator against the list of identities of dispatchers which are allowed to initiate the voice broadcast call and against the prefix for VBS plus broadcast call reference in order to determine whether the initiator is allowed to set-up the call. If the check is successful the GCR checks whether a VBS call with the same broadcast call reference is already on-going. + +If the call is not marked as on-going, the GCR marks its broadcast call reference record with 'on-going call' and returns a positive response including the broadcast call attributes to the MSC and the process returns to the idle state. In addition the GCR shall delete stored initial talker information (if any). + +If the calling party number check was not successful, the GCR returns a negative response indicating 'failure' to the MSC and the process returns to the idle state. + +If the call was marked as on-going , the GCR returns a negative response indicating 'on-going call' to the MSC and the process returns to the idle state. + +### Anchor MSC triggered call + +If the GCR (associated to a relay MSC) receives an interrogation request for a call triggered by the anchor MSC, the GCR returns a positive response to the MSC including: + +- the list of cells inside the MSC area of the requesting MSC in which the call is to be sent; and +- the stored initial talker information (if any) to the MSC; + +and: + +- marks its broadcast call reference with "on-going call"; +- deletes the stored initial talker information (if any) + +and the process returns to the idle state. + +### **VMSC triggered call (in a RANflex configuration)** + +If the GCR (associated to a group call serving MSC) receives an interrogation request for a call triggered by the VMSC, the GCR + +- calculates the broadcast call reference from the Group ID and the originating cell ID; + +If for the calculated broadcast call reference the record is marked with "on-going call" or initial talker information are already stored, a negative response indicating "on-going call" is returned to the GCSSMSC and the process returns to the idle state. Otherwise the GCR: + +- stores the initial talker information (IMSI and originating cell ID received with the request); and +- returns a positive response including broadcast call reference and, if the group call serving MSC is a relay MSC, the anchor MSC address. + +### **Call release** + +If the GCR receives a call released indication from the MSC, the 'on-going call' indicator in the broadcast call reference record is reset, the initial talker information is deleted (if any) and the process returns to the idle state. + +![Flowchart titled 'Process GCR' showing the logic for handling GCR requests. It starts at 'Idle', branches into 'GCR interrogation', 'GCR SMS Interrogation', and 'Call released'. The 'GCR interrogation' path includes checks for IAM initiation, subscriber status, VMSC triggering, CLI, and ongoing call status, leading to various responses and connector points 1, 2, and 3. A note indicates that connector 2 must be an anchor MSC initiated.](9c45844d796e85ae05505870a54e4eb4_img.jpg) + +Process GCR 1(3) + +``` +graph TD; Start([Idle]) --> GCR[GCR interrogation]; Start --> GSMS[GCR SMS Interrogation]; Start --> CR[Call released]; CR --> Unmark[un-mark on-going call]; Unmark --> DeleteData[delete transient data if any]; DeleteData --> Idle1([Idle]); GCR --> IAM{IAM initiated}; IAM -- yes --> CheckCLI[Check CLI]; IAM -- no --> Sub{Service subscriber}; Sub -- yes --> C1((1)); Sub -- no --> VMSC{VMSC triggered}; VMSC -- yes --> C3((3)); VMSC -- no --> C2((2)); Note[Must be anchor MSC initiated] -.-> C2; CheckCLI --> OK{OK}; OK -- yes --> OGC{on-going call}; OK -- no --> NR{negative response failure}; OGC -- yes --> C2; OGC -- no --> Mark[mark on-going call]; Mark --> PR{positive response}; PR --> DeleteInfo[delete Initial talker information]; DeleteInfo --> Idle2([Idle]); NR --> Idle2; GSMS --> GSMSR{GCR SMS interrogation response}; GSMSR --> Idle2; +``` + +Flowchart titled 'Process GCR' showing the logic for handling GCR requests. It starts at 'Idle', branches into 'GCR interrogation', 'GCR SMS Interrogation', and 'Call released'. The 'GCR interrogation' path includes checks for IAM initiation, subscriber status, VMSC triggering, CLI, and ongoing call status, leading to various responses and connector points 1, 2, and 3. A note indicates that connector 2 must be an anchor MSC initiated. + +Figure 8: Process in the GCR (sheet 1 of 3) + +![Flowchart for Process GCR. It starts with a connector '1', followed by a process 'Calculate broadcast call reference / group call reference from group ID and cell ID'. A decision 'sucess' follows. If 'no', it goes to 'negative response (failure)' then 'Idle'. If 'yes', it goes to 'on-going call'. If 'on-going call' is 'yes', it goes to 'negative response (on-going)' then 'Idle'. If 'on-going call' is 'no', it goes to 'Relay MSC'. If 'Relay MSC' is 'yes', it goes to 'Initial talker Information stored'. If 'Initial talker Information stored' is 'yes', it loops back to 'on-going call'. If 'Initial talker Information stored' is 'no', it goes to 'Store Initial talker information' then 'positive response' then 'Idle'. If 'Relay MSC' is 'no', it goes to 'mark on-going call' then 'positive response' then 'Idle'.](49fe8fe978c0f7e73112d231feb377eb_img.jpg) + +Process GCR + +2(3) + +``` +graph TD; 1((1)) --> P1[Calculate broadcast call reference / group call reference from group ID and cell ID]; P1 --> D1{sucess}; D1 -- no --> R1{{negative response (failure)}}; R1 --> I1([Idle]); D1 -- yes --> D2{on-going call}; D2 -- yes --> R2{{negative response (on-going)}}; R2 --> I2([Idle]); D2 -- no --> D3{Relay MSC}; D3 -- yes --> D4{Initial talker Information stored}; D4 -- yes --> D2; D4 -- no --> P2[Store Initial talker information]; P2 --> R3{{positive response}}; R3 --> I3([Idle]); D3 -- no --> P3[mark on-going call]; P3 --> R4{{positive response}}; R4 --> I4([Idle]); +``` + +Flowchart for Process GCR. It starts with a connector '1', followed by a process 'Calculate broadcast call reference / group call reference from group ID and cell ID'. A decision 'sucess' follows. If 'no', it goes to 'negative response (failure)' then 'Idle'. If 'yes', it goes to 'on-going call'. If 'on-going call' is 'yes', it goes to 'negative response (on-going)' then 'Idle'. If 'on-going call' is 'no', it goes to 'Relay MSC'. If 'Relay MSC' is 'yes', it goes to 'Initial talker Information stored'. If 'Initial talker Information stored' is 'yes', it loops back to 'on-going call'. If 'Initial talker Information stored' is 'no', it goes to 'Store Initial talker information' then 'positive response' then 'Idle'. If 'Relay MSC' is 'no', it goes to 'mark on-going call' then 'positive response' then 'Idle'. + +Figure 8: Process in the GCR (sheet 2 of 3) + +![Flowchart for Process GCR. It starts with a connector '3', followed by a process 'Calculate broadcast call reference / group call reference from group ID and cell ID'. A decision 'success' follows. If 'no', it goes to 'or initial talker Information stored' and then to a 'negative response (failure)' leading to 'Idle'. If 'yes', it goes to a decision 'on-going call'. If 'on-going call' is 'yes', it goes to 'negative response (on-going)' leading to 'Idle'. If 'on-going call' is 'no', it goes to 'Store Initial talker information', then to 'positive response' leading to 'Idle'.](5cf80bac69830ea773ac17c87e0ae24d_img.jpg) + +Process GCR + +3(3) + +``` +graph TD; 3((3)) --> P1[Calculate broadcast call reference / group call reference from group ID and cell ID]; P1 --> D1{success}; D1 -- no --> P2[or initial talker Information stored]; P2 --> D2{on-going call}; D1 -- yes --> D2; D2 -- yes --> R1[negative response (on-going)]; R1 --> I1([Idle]); D2 -- no --> P3[Store Initial talker information]; P3 --> R2[positive response]; R2 --> I2([Idle]); D1 -- no --> R3[negative response (failure)]; R3 --> I3([Idle]); +``` + +Flowchart for Process GCR. It starts with a connector '3', followed by a process 'Calculate broadcast call reference / group call reference from group ID and cell ID'. A decision 'success' follows. If 'no', it goes to 'or initial talker Information stored' and then to a 'negative response (failure)' leading to 'Idle'. If 'yes', it goes to a decision 'on-going call'. If 'on-going call' is 'yes', it goes to 'negative response (on-going)' leading to 'Idle'. If 'on-going call' is 'no', it goes to 'Store Initial talker information', then to 'positive response' leading to 'Idle'. + +Figure 8: Process in the GCR (sheet 3 of 3) + +![Flowchart for Process GCR_Red showing Idle state, GCR interrogation logic, and various response paths.](750b1652a4f4791b84c02aa755a1dedd_img.jpg) + +**Process GCR\_Red** 1(4) + +``` +graph TD; Start([ ]) --> Idle1([Idle]); Idle1 --> GCR_Interrogation{GCR Interrogation}; GCR_Interrogation --> T3{Timeout T3}; GCR_Interrogation --> Call_released{Call released}; GCR_Interrogation --> SYNC_GCR{SYNC GCR}; T3 --> Delete_transient_data1[delete transient data]; Delete_transient_data1 --> Idle2([Idle]); Call_released --> Un_mark_on_going_call[un-mark on-going call]; Un_mark_on_going_call --> Delete_transient_data2[delete transient data if any]; Delete_transient_data2 --> SYNC_GCR2{SYNC GCR}; SYNC_GCR2 --> Idle3([Idle]); SYNC_GCR --> Synchronize_transient_data[Synchronize transient data]; Synchronize_transient_data --> SYNC_GCR_response{SYNC GCR response}; SYNC_GCR_response --> Idle4([Idle]); GCR_Interrogation --> CLI_present{CLI present}; CLI_present -- yes --> D((D)); CLI_present -- no --> GCSMSC_indicator_present{GCSMSC indicator present}; GCSMSC_indicator_present -- yes --> C((C)); GCSMSC_indicator_present -- no --> Relay_MSC_indicator_present{Relay MSC indicator present}; Relay_MSC_indicator_present -- yes --> B((B)); Relay_MSC_indicator_present -- no --> A((A)); +``` + +The flowchart illustrates the 'Process GCR\_Red' starting from an 'Idle' state. Upon receiving a 'GCR Interrogation', the process branches into three main paths: 'Timeout T3', 'Call released', and 'SYNC GCR'. The 'Timeout T3' path involves deleting transient data and returning to 'Idle'. The 'Call released' path involves un-marking on-going calls, deleting transient data if any, sending a 'SYNC GCR' response, and returning to 'Idle'. The 'SYNC GCR' path involves synchronizing transient data, sending a 'SYNC GCR' response, and returning to 'Idle'. A fourth path from 'GCR Interrogation' leads to a decision 'CLI present'. If 'yes', it goes to connector 'D'. If 'no', it leads to 'GCSMSC indicator present'. If 'yes', it goes to connector 'C'. If 'no', it leads to 'Relay MSC indicator present'. If 'yes', it goes to connector 'B'. If 'no', it goes to connector 'A'. Dashed boxes on the left indicate specific triggers for the interrogation: 'GCR interrogation triggered by receipt of IAM', 'GCR interrogation triggered by SEND GROUP CALL INFO', and 'GCR interrogation triggered by PREPARE GROUP CALL'. A dashed box at the bottom left notes that the process 'must be service subscriber initiated'. + +Flowchart for Process GCR\_Red showing Idle state, GCR interrogation logic, and various response paths. + +Figure 8A: The Process in the GCR for RANflex with group call redundancy (sheet 1 of 4) + +![Flowchart for Process GCR_Red showing two parallel paths, A and B, leading to Idle states. Path A involves calculating references, checking for success and ongoing calls, and potentially overriding. Path B involves relaying MSC, storing talker info, starting timers, and syncing GCR.](f61d0925551545b5938b3a4d1bbf63c3_img.jpg) + +Process GCR\_Red 2(4) + +``` +graph TD + A((A)) --> A1[Calculate broadcast call reference / group call reference from group ID and cell ID] + A1 --> A2{success} + A2 -- no --> A3{Negative response (failure)} + A3 --> A4([Idle]) + A2 -- yes --> A5{on-going call} + A5 -- yes --> A6{override} + A6 -- yes --> A7[un-mark on-going call] + A6 -- no --> A8{Negative response (on-going)} + A7 --> A8 + A8 --> A9([Idle]) + B((B)) --> B1{Relay MSC} + B1 -- no --> B2{Positive response} + B2 --> B3[Delete initial talker info if any] + B3 --> B4[Stop T3 if running] + B4 --> B5[mark on-going call] + B5 --> B6{SYNC GCR} + B6 --> B7{Positive response} + B7 --> B8([Idle]) + B1 -- yes --> B9{Initial talker info stored} + B9 -- yes --> B10[Store initial talker info] + B9 -- no --> B11[Start T3] + B10 --> B11 + B11 --> B12{SYNC GCR} + B12 --> B13{Positive response} + B13 --> B14([Idle]) +``` + +Flowchart for Process GCR\_Red showing two parallel paths, A and B, leading to Idle states. Path A involves calculating references, checking for success and ongoing calls, and potentially overriding. Path B involves relaying MSC, storing talker info, starting timers, and syncing GCR. + +Figure 8A: The Process in the GCR for RANflex with group call redundancy (sheet 2 of 4) + +![Flowchart for Process GCR_Red. It starts with connector 'C', followed by 'Calculate broadcast call reference / group call reference from group ID and cell ID'. A 'success' decision follows. If 'no', it goes to 'Negative response (failure)' and 'Idle'. If 'yes', it goes to an 'on-going call' decision. If 'on-going call' is 'yes', it goes to an 'override' decision. If 'override' is 'yes', it goes to 'un-mark on-going call', 'Delete initial talker info', 'Stop T3', and then to a common junction. If 'override' is 'no', it goes to 'Negative response (on-going)' and 'Idle'. If 'on-going call' is 'no', it goes to a common junction. A 'or initial talker info stored' block is also connected to this junction. From the junction, the flow goes to 'Store initial talker info', 'Start T3', 'SYNC GCR', 'Positive response', and 'Idle'.](3750b0149a6380885998ab3ca6a8787c_img.jpg) + +Process GCR\_Red 3(4) + +``` +graph TD; C((C)) --> Calc[Calculate broadcast call reference / group call reference from group ID and cell ID]; Calc --> Success{success}; Success -- no --> NegFail{Negative response (failure)}; NegFail --> Idle1([Idle]); Success -- yes --> OnGoing{on-going call}; OnGoing -- yes --> Override{override}; Override -- yes --> UnMark[un-mark on-going call]; UnMark --> Delete[Delete initial talker info]; Delete --> StopT3[Stop T3]; StopT3 --> Junction(( )); Override -- no --> NegOnGoing{Negative response (on-going)}; NegOnGoing --> Idle2([Idle]); OnGoing -- no --> Junction; Junction --> Store[Store initial talker info]; Store --> StartT3[Start T3]; StartT3 --> SyncGCR[SYNC GCR]; SyncGCR --> Pos{Positive response}; Pos --> Idle3([Idle]); OrInitial[or initial talker info stored] --> Junction; +``` + +Flowchart for Process GCR\_Red. It starts with connector 'C', followed by 'Calculate broadcast call reference / group call reference from group ID and cell ID'. A 'success' decision follows. If 'no', it goes to 'Negative response (failure)' and 'Idle'. If 'yes', it goes to an 'on-going call' decision. If 'on-going call' is 'yes', it goes to an 'override' decision. If 'override' is 'yes', it goes to 'un-mark on-going call', 'Delete initial talker info', 'Stop T3', and then to a common junction. If 'override' is 'no', it goes to 'Negative response (on-going)' and 'Idle'. If 'on-going call' is 'no', it goes to a common junction. A 'or initial talker info stored' block is also connected to this junction. From the junction, the flow goes to 'Store initial talker info', 'Start T3', 'SYNC GCR', 'Positive response', and 'Idle'. + +Figure 8A: The Process in the GCR for RANflex with group call redundancy (sheet 3 of 4) + +![Flowchart for Process GCR_Red. It starts with a connector 'D' leading to 'Check CLI'. From 'Check CLI', a decision 'ok' follows. If 'ok' is 'no', it leads to 'Negative response (failure)' and then 'Idle'. If 'ok' is 'yes', it leads to a decision 'on-going call'. If 'on-going call' is 'yes', it leads to a decision 'override'. If 'override' is 'yes', it leads to 'SYNC GCR'. If 'override' is 'no', it leads to 'Negative response (on-going)' and then 'Idle'. If 'on-going call' is 'no', it leads to 'Mark on-going call', 'Stop T3', and 'Delete initial talker info', which all lead to 'SYNC GCR'. From 'SYNC GCR', it leads to 'Positive response' and then 'Idle'.](38d82ffe820e339811b396206f40a201_img.jpg) + +Process GCR\_Red 4(4) + +``` +graph TD; D((D)) --> CheckCLI[Check CLI]; CheckCLI --> ok{ok}; ok -- no --> NegRespFail[Negative response (failure)]; NegRespFail --> Idle1([Idle]); ok -- yes --> onGoingCall{on-going call}; onGoingCall -- yes --> override{override}; onGoingCall -- no --> MarkOnGoingCall[Mark on-going call]; override -- yes --> SyncGCR{SYNC GCR}; override -- no --> NegRespOnGoing[Negative response (on-going)]; NegRespOnGoing --> Idle2([Idle]); MarkOnGoingCall --> StopT3[Stop T3]; StopT3 --> DeleteTalkerInfo[Delete initial talker info]; DeleteTalkerInfo --> SyncGCR; SyncGCR --> PosResp[Positive response]; PosResp --> Idle3([Idle]); +``` + +Flowchart for Process GCR\_Red. It starts with a connector 'D' leading to 'Check CLI'. From 'Check CLI', a decision 'ok' follows. If 'ok' is 'no', it leads to 'Negative response (failure)' and then 'Idle'. If 'ok' is 'yes', it leads to a decision 'on-going call'. If 'on-going call' is 'yes', it leads to a decision 'override'. If 'override' is 'yes', it leads to 'SYNC GCR'. If 'override' is 'no', it leads to 'Negative response (on-going)' and then 'Idle'. If 'on-going call' is 'no', it leads to 'Mark on-going call', 'Stop T3', and 'Delete initial talker info', which all lead to 'SYNC GCR'. From 'SYNC GCR', it leads to 'Positive response' and then 'Idle'. + +Figure 8A: The Process in the GCR for RANflex with group call redundancy (sheet 4 of 4) + +![Flowchart for procedure Synchronize_Transient_Data. It starts with a connector, then checks 'Initial talker info in request'. If 'yes', it goes to connector D. If 'no', it checks 'On-going indication in request'. If 'yes', it goes to connector C. If 'no', it checks 'Release indication in request'. If 'yes', it goes to connector B. If 'no', it goes to connector A. A note 'Must be request indication' is next to connector A. From connector A, it goes to 'Set requested info', then to 'Set positive result'. From connector B, it goes to 'Un-mark on-going call', then 'Delete transient data', then 'Stop T3', then 'Set positive result'. From connector C, it goes to 'Call is on-going'. If 'yes', it goes to 'mark on-going call', then 'Store MSC address', then 'Delete transient data', then 'Stop T3', then 'Set positive result'. If 'no', it goes to 'override'. If 'yes', it goes to 'Set negative result'. If 'no', it goes to another 'override'. If 'yes', it goes to 'Set negative result'. If 'no', it goes to connector D. From connector D, it goes to 'Call is on-going'. If 'yes', it goes to 'Or initial talker info is stored', then 'Store transient data', then 'Start T3', then 'Set positive result'. If 'no', it goes to 'Store transient data', then 'Start T3', then 'Set positive result'. All 'Set positive result' and 'Set negative result' blocks lead to an 'X' symbol.](11f18bf0233d812ad2604f88f3385d60_img.jpg) + +procedure Synchronize\_Transient\_Data 1(1) + +``` +graph TD; Start([ ]) --> D1{Initial talker info in request}; D1 -- yes --> D((D)); D1 -- no --> D2{On-going indication in request}; D2 -- yes --> C((C)); D2 -- no --> D3{Release indication in request}; D3 -- yes --> B((B)); D3 -- no --> A((A)); Note1[Must be request indication] -.-> A; A --> A1[Set requested info]; A1 --> A2[Set positive result]; B --> B1[Un-mark on-going call]; B1 --> B2[Delete transient data]; B2 --> B3[Stop T3]; B3 --> B4[Set positive result]; C --> C1{Call is on-going}; C1 -- yes --> C2[mark on-going call]; C2 --> C3[Store MSC address]; C3 --> C4[Delete transient data]; C4 --> C5[Stop T3]; C5 --> C6[Set positive result]; C1 -- no --> C7{override}; C7 -- yes --> C8[Set negative result]; C7 -- no --> C9{override}; C9 -- yes --> C10[Set negative result]; C9 -- no --> D; D --> D11{Call is on-going}; D11 -- yes --> D12[Or initial talker info is stored]; D12 --> D13[Store transient data]; D13 --> D14[Start T3]; D14 --> D15[Set positive result]; D11 -- no --> D16[Store transient data]; D16 --> D17[Start T3]; D17 --> D18[Set positive result]; A2 --> X1[X]; B4 --> X2[X]; C6 --> X3[X]; C8 --> X4[X]; C10 --> X5[X]; D15 --> X6[X]; D18 --> X7[X]; +``` + +Flowchart for procedure Synchronize\_Transient\_Data. It starts with a connector, then checks 'Initial talker info in request'. If 'yes', it goes to connector D. If 'no', it checks 'On-going indication in request'. If 'yes', it goes to connector C. If 'no', it checks 'Release indication in request'. If 'yes', it goes to connector B. If 'no', it goes to connector A. A note 'Must be request indication' is next to connector A. From connector A, it goes to 'Set requested info', then to 'Set positive result'. From connector B, it goes to 'Un-mark on-going call', then 'Delete transient data', then 'Stop T3', then 'Set positive result'. From connector C, it goes to 'Call is on-going'. If 'yes', it goes to 'mark on-going call', then 'Store MSC address', then 'Delete transient data', then 'Stop T3', then 'Set positive result'. If 'no', it goes to 'override'. If 'yes', it goes to 'Set negative result'. If 'no', it goes to another 'override'. If 'yes', it goes to 'Set negative result'. If 'no', it goes to connector D. From connector D, it goes to 'Call is on-going'. If 'yes', it goes to 'Or initial talker info is stored', then 'Store transient data', then 'Start T3', then 'Set positive result'. If 'no', it goes to 'Store transient data', then 'Start T3', then 'Set positive result'. All 'Set positive result' and 'Set negative result' blocks lead to an 'X' symbol. + +Figure 8B: Procedure Synchronize Transient Data + +## 11.7 Functional requirement of VLR + +The Group Call number allocation process in the VLR is shown in figure 9. + +### **Successful procedure** + +When receiving a request from the relay MSC to allocate a Group Call number, the VLR checks if a Group Call number is available. If so it selects a Group Call number, marks the number as allocated, returns a positive response including the Group Call number to the MSC, starts a supervision timer and waits for removal of the Group Call number. If the VLR receives a request to release the Group Call number, the VLR marks the Group Call number as free and the process returns to the idle state. + +### **No Group Call number available** + +If no Group Call number is available, the VLR returns a negative response indicating 'no Group Call number available' to the MSC and the process returns to the idle state. + +### **Supervision timer expires** + +If the supervision timer expires, the VLR indicates to the relay MSC that the dialogue has to be aborted. + +![Flowchart of Group Call number allocation process in the VLR. The process starts with an oval connector, leading to an 'Idle' state. It then enters an 'Allocate Group Call number' process. A decision diamond 'Group Call number available' follows. If 'no', it goes to 'error: No Group Call number available' -> 'negative response' -> 'Idle'. If 'yes', it goes to 'select Group Call number' -> 'mark number as allocated' -> 'positive response' -> 'start supervision timer' -> 'wait for removal'. From 'wait for removal', it splits into 'Release Group Call number' -> 'stop timer' -> 'mark number as free' -> 'Idle', and 'time out' -> 'ABORT' -> 'to relay MSC'.](d2417b04116c354deccb25d98a84a0fb_img.jpg) + +Process VLR 1(1) + +``` +graph TD; Start([ ]) --> Idle1([Idle]); Idle1 --> Allocate{Allocate Group Call number}; Allocate --> Decision{Group Call number available}; Decision -- no --> Error[error: No Group Call number available]; Error --> NegativeResponse{negative response}; NegativeResponse --> Idle2([Idle]); Decision -- yes --> Select[select Group Call number]; Select --> MarkAllocated[mark number as allocated]; MarkAllocated --> PositiveResponse{positive response}; PositiveResponse --> StartTimer[start supervision timer]; StartTimer --> WaitRemoval[wait for removal]; WaitRemoval --> Release{Release Group Call number}; WaitRemoval --> Timeout{time out}; Release --> StopTimer[stop timer]; StopTimer --> MarkFree[mark number as free]; MarkFree --> Idle3([Idle]); Timeout --> Abort{ABORT}; Abort --> ToRelayMSC[to relay MSC]; +``` + +Flowchart of Group Call number allocation process in the VLR. The process starts with an oval connector, leading to an 'Idle' state. It then enters an 'Allocate Group Call number' process. A decision diamond 'Group Call number available' follows. If 'no', it goes to 'error: No Group Call number available' -> 'negative response' -> 'Idle'. If 'yes', it goes to 'select Group Call number' -> 'mark number as allocated' -> 'positive response' -> 'start supervision timer' -> 'wait for removal'. From 'wait for removal', it splits into 'Release Group Call number' -> 'stop timer' -> 'mark number as free' -> 'Idle', and 'time out' -> 'ABORT' -> 'to relay MSC'. + +Figure 9: Group Call number allocation process in the VLR + +# --- 12 Content of messages + +This clause specifies the content of the following messages: + +On the B interface (MSC-VLR): + +- Allocate Group Call Number; +- Allocate Group Call Number ack; +- Allocate Group Call Number negative response; +- Release Group Call Number. + +On the E interface (MSC-MSC): + +- Prepare Group Call; +- Prepare Group Call ack; +- Prepare Group Call negative response; +- Send Group Call End Signal; +- Send Group Call Info; +- Send Group Call Info ack; +- Send Group Call Info negative response. + +On the I interface (MSC-GCR): + +- GCR Interrogation; +- GCR Interrogation ack; +- GCR Interrogation negative response; +- Call Released. + +On the GCR-GCR-interface: + +- Sync GCR ; +- Sync GCR ack; +- Sync GCR negative response. + +In the tables which follow, information elements are shown as Mandatory (M), Conditional (C) or Optional (O). A mandatory information element shall always be present. A conditional information element shall be present if certain conditions are fulfilled; if those conditions are not fulfilled it shall be absent. An optional element may be present or absent, at the discretion of the application at the sending entity. + +## 12.1 Messages on the B interface (MSC-VLR) + +### 12.1.1 Allocate Group Call Number + +No information element is required. + +### 12.1.2 Allocate Group Call Number ack + +The following information element is required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|--------------------------|----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Group Call number | M | E.164 number required to route the call from the anchor MSC to the relay MSC | + +### 12.1.3 Allocate Group Call Number negative response + +The negative response information element can take the following value: + +- No Group Call number available. + +### 12.1.4 Release Group Call Number + +The following information element is required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|--------------------------|----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Group Call number | M | E.164 number required to route the call from the anchor MSC to the relay MSC | + +## 12.2 Messages on the E interface (MSC-MSC) + +### 12.2.1 Prepare Group Call + +The following information elements are required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|-------------------------------------------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Teleservice | M | The teleservice Voice Broadcast Call indicates that a VBS call has to be prepared | +| Broadcast call reference | M | see clause 9 | +| Ciphering Algorithm, Group Key and Number | M | information on the cipher algorithm and group key to be used | +| Priority | C | The default priority level must be present if eMLPP applies | +| Codec Info | M | Information on the codecs allowed for the VBS call | +| Uplink Reply Indicator | O | Indicates that the uplink reply procedure is applicable for the voice broadcast call. Must be present if the GCR provides the corresponding information. | + +### 12.2.2 Prepare Group Call ack + +The following information element is required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|--------------------------|----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Group Call number | M | E.164 number required to route the call from the anchor MSC to the relay MSC | + +### 12.2.3 Prepare Group Call negative response + +The negative response information element can take the following value: + +- No Group Call number available. + +### 12.2.4 Send Group Call End Signal + +The following information element is required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|--------------------------|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| IMSI | C | The IMSI of the service subscriber who has initiated the call. Must be present if the call was initiated by a service subscriber in the relay MSC area. | + +### 12.2.5 Send Group Call Info + +The following information elements are required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|--------------------------|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Teleservice | M | The teleservice Voice Broadcast Call indicates that the request is for VBS | +| Requested Info | M | Indicates that Anchor MSC Address and Broadcast Call Reference are requested | +| Group ID | M | see clause 9. | +| Cell Id | M | Identification of the cell where the group call initiating service subscriber is located. | +| IMSI | M | IMSI of the service subscriber for whom the request is sent. | + +### 12.2.6 Send Group Call Info ack + +The following information elements are required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|--------------------------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Anchor MSC Address | M | E.164 number required to route the call from the VMSC to the anchor MSC. | +| Broadcast call reference | M | see clause 9. | + +### 12.2.7 Send Group Call Info negative response + +The negative response information element can take the following value: + +- ongoing call; +- failure. + +## 12.3 Messages on the I interface (MSC-GCR) + +### 12.3.1 GCR Interrogation + +The following information elements are required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|----------------------------------|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Broadcast call reference | C | see clause 9. Must be present if the VBS call was initiated by a dispatcher or by a service subscriber in the relay MSC area and the receiving GCR is associated to the anchor MSC, or if the receiving GCR is associated to a relay MSC and the GCR interrogation was triggered by a Prepare Group Call message received from the anchor MSC. | +| Group ID | C | see clause 9. Must be present if one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
1) the MSC is the visited MSC of the service subscriber initiating the VBS call, except if the MSC is a relay MSC and the GCR interrogation was triggered by a Prepare Group Call message received from the anchor MSC;
2) the GCR interrogation was triggered by a Send Group Call Info message received from the VMSC. | +| Originating Cell ID | C | see clause 9. Must be present if one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
1) the MSC is the visited MSC of the service subscriber initiating the VBS call, except if the MSC is a relay MSC and the GCR interrogation was triggered by a Prepare Group Call message received from the anchor MSC;
2) the GCR interrogation was triggered by a Send Group Call Info message received from the VMSC. | +| CLI | C | Calling Line Identity of the initiating dispatcher, or VBS prefix plus broadcast call reference in case of service subscriber originated VBS call in the relay MSC. Must be present if the MSC is not the visited MSC of the service subscriber initiating the VBS call. | +| Relay MSC indicator | M | A flag indicating whether the GCR interrogation was triggered from a Prepare Group Call message received from the anchor MSC | +| Group Call Serving MSC indicator | C | A flag indicating whether the GCR interrogation was triggered from a Send Group Call Info message received from the VMSC. May be set to "yes" in a RANflex configuration (with or without group call redundancy) only. | +| IMSI | C | IMSI of the service subscriber who has initiated the VBS call. Must be present if the MSC is the visited MSC of the service subscriber initiating the VBS call, or the GCR interrogation was triggered by a Send Group Call Info message received from the VMSC | +| Uplink Reply Indicator | O | Indicates that the uplink reply procedure is applicable for the voice broadcast call. Must be present if the MSC is the anchor MSC and the related flag exists and is set in the GCR. | +| Ongoing Call Override Indication | C | Indicates that the GCR shall delete any ongoing call information before processing the request.
May be set to "yes" in a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy only. | + +### 12.3.2 GCR Interrogation ack + +The following information elements are required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|------------------------------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Broadcast Call Reference | C | Must be present if the GCR receives an interrogation request containing a Group ID and an Originating Cell ID. | +| Cell List | C | A list of cells inside the MSC area into which the call is to be sent. Must be present if a) no anchor MSC address is present in the broadcast call reference record and the GCR interrogation was not triggered by a Send Group Call Info message, or b) the relay MSC indicator was set in the GCR Interrogation message | +| Anchor MSC Address | C | E.164 number required to route the call from the relay MSC and in a RANflex configuration (with or without group call redundancy) from the VMSC to the anchor MSC. Must be present if the anchor MSC Address is present in the broadcast call reference record | +| Relay MSC List | C | A list of relay MSCs into which the call is to be sent. Must be present if a relay MSC list is present in the broadcast call reference record and the GCR interrogation was not triggered by a Send Group Call Info message | +| Group Key and Number | C | Information on the cipher algorithm and the group key to be used. Must be present if Group Key and Number is present in the broadcast call reference record and the GCR interrogation was not triggered by a Send Group Call Info message | +| Codec Info | C | Information on the codecs allowed for the voice broadcast call. Must be present if Codec Info is present in the broadcast call reference record and the GCR interrogation was not triggered by a Send Group Call Info message | +| Establish to Dispatcher List | C | A list of identities of dispatchers to which a dedicated link is to be established. Must be present if included in the broadcast call reference record. Note that the CLI possibly received with the GCR interrogation message must not be included | +| Release from Dispatcher List | C | A list of identities of dispatchers which are allowed to terminate the voice broadcast call. Must be present if included in the broadcast call reference record and the GCR interrogation was not triggered by a Send Group Call Info message | +| Priority | C | The default priority level related to the voice broadcast call if eMLPP applies. Must be present if included in the broadcast call reference record and the GCR interrogation was not triggered by a Send Group Call Info message | +| IMSI | C | IMSI of the service subscriber who has initiated the VBS call. Must be present if the Relay MSC Indicator was set in the GCR interrogation message and the IMSI is present in the broadcast call reference record | +| Originating Cell ID | C | Must be present if originating cell id is present in the broadcast call reference record | + +### 12.3.3 GCR interrogation negative response + +The negative response information element can take the following values: + +- on-going call. In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy the MSC address of the MSC within the redundancy pool at which the group call is ongoing shall be present in the negative response; and +- failure. + +### 12.3.4 Call released + +The following information element is required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|--------------------------|----------|--------------| +| Broadcast call reference | M | see clause 9 | + +## 12.4 Messages on the GCR - GCR interface + +### 12.4.1 Sync GCR + +The following information elements are required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|----------------------------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Teleservice | M | The teleservice Voice Broadcast Service indicates that a VBS call has to be prepared | +| Group call reference | M | see clause 9 | +| Initial Talker Information | C | see subclause 8.1.3.2 | +| on-going indication | C | indicates by its present that the broadcast call is ongoing | +| MSC Address | C | Address of the sending GCR's associated MSC, at which the broadcast call is ongoing. | +| call released indication | C | indicates by its presence that the broadcast call is no longer ongoing. | +| override indication | C | indicates by its presence that the receiving GCR shall replace the stored MSC-Address with the received value. | +| request indication | C | indicated by its presence that the sending GCR requests ongoing information and MSC Address from the receiving GCR | + +### 12.4.2 Sync GCR ack + +The following information elements are required. + +| Information element name | Required | Description | +|--------------------------------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Status of the voice group call | C | Indicating whether the voice broadcast call is established or not. | +| MSC Address | C | Address of the MSC, at which the broadcast call is ongoing. | +| Initial Talker Information | C | see subclause 8.1.3.2 | + +### 12.4.3 Sync GCR negative response + +The negative response information element can take the following values: + +- on-going call. The MSC address of the MSC within the redundancy pool at which the broadcast call is ongoing shall be present in the negative response; +- initial talker information; and +- failure. + +# --- 13 List of system parameters + +## 13.1 Timers + +### 13.1.1 Txx + +This is a supervision timer on the anchor MSC for the setup of the voice broadcast call. It is started on receipt of a SETUP message from the calling subscriber when the calling subscriber is in the anchor MSC area and on receipt of an ISUP IAM from the relay MSC when the calling subscriber is in the relay MSC area. Refer to subclause 11.3.1.1.2 for procedures on expiry. + +The value of timer Txx is operator specific. + +### 13.1.2 Tast + +In a network supporting A-interface link sharing timer Tast shall be used to measure the duration between periodic reports from the BSC to the MSC of Group Call Area cells for which channels have been assigned or released, pre-empted or failed since the last periodic report. When timer Tast expires, if new cells in the Group Call Area have been established or existing ones have been released, pre-empted or failed, the MSC shall be informed of the changes (see subclause 7.1b). If no changes have occurred nothing shall be sent. Timer Tast shall be restarted to measure the period of time until the next report. The timer shall be stopped when the call is released. + +The value of timer Tast is operator specific. Its default value is 5 seconds. + +### 13.1.3 T3 + +In a RANflex configuration the group call serving MSC when receiving Send Group Call Info from the VMSC shall supervise the setup of the broadcast call by timer T3. T3 is started when a positive Send Group Call Info result is returned to the VMSC and it is stopped when the broadcast call is set up. At timeout the temporarily stored transient data are deleted from the GCR. + +In a RANflex configuration with group call redundancy T3 shall be implemented in the GCR instead of in the MSC. T3 is started when initial talker information is stored and stopped when initial talker information is deleted. At timeout initial talker information is deleted from the GCR. + +The value of timer T3 is operator specific. Its default value is 5 seconds. + +# Annex A (informative): Change History + +| TSG# | TSG doc | WG doc | Spec | CR | Rev | Ph | C at | Old vers | New vers | Title | WI/date | +|---------------|---------------------|-----------|-------------------|------|-----|-----|------|-----------------|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------| +| S#31 | | Feb 2000 | 03.69 | | | | | | 8.0.0 | Specification version upgrade to Release 1999 version 8.0.0 | | +| CN#7 | email before SMG#32 | Apr 2000 | 03.69 | A015 | | R99 | | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | Data Flow for Fast Call setup | ASCI | +| S#32
CN#8 | | | 03.69 | A017 | | | | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | Clarification of anchor MSC address format | ASCI | +| S#32
NP-08 | NP-000276 | N1-000678 | 03.69 | A016 | | R00 | B | 8.2.0 | 9.0.0 | Introduction of Originator-to-dispatcher information into VBS | ASCI | +| S#32
NP-08 | NP-000276 | N1-000768 | 03.69 | A018 | | R00 | F | 8.2.0 | 9.0.0 | VBS service accessibility | ASCI | +| S#32
NP-08 | NP-000276 | N1-000770 | 03.69 | A019 | | R00 | C | 8.2.0 | 9.0.0 | Originator outside Group Call Area | ASCI | +| S#32
NP-08 | NP-000276 | N1-000772 | 03.69 | A020 | | R00 | F | 8.2.0 | 9.0.0 | Notification response & uplink reply procedure definition | ASCI | +| S#32
NP-08 | NP-000276 | N1-000774 | 03.69 | A021 | | R00 | F | 8.2.0 | 9.0.0 | Release dataFlow correction | ASCI | +| | | | 03.69 /
43.069 | | | | | 03.69
v9.0.0 | 43.069
v4.0.0 | Conversion to 3GPP TS format | - | + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | +|----------|-----------|-----------|--------|------|---|-------|---|-------|-------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------| +| CN#9 | NP-000449 | N1-000916 | 43.069 | 001 | | R00 | F | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | Correction in the Notification procedure | ASCI | +| CN#9 | NP-000449 | N1-000970 | 43.069 | 002 | 1 | R00 | B | 4.0.0 | 4.1.0 | Identification of Group ID - The longest GID has to be matched | ASCI | +| Oct 2000 | | | | | | | | 4.1.0 | 4.1.1 | Correction of references. | | +| NP-10 | NP-000667 | N1-001172 | 43.069 | 003 | | Rel-4 | F | 4.1.1 | 4.2.0 | Call Waiting is not applicable to an originator in dedicated mode | ASCI | +| NP-10 | NP-000667 | N1-001182 | 43.069 | 004 | | Rel-4 | F | 4.1.1 | 4.2.0 | Wrong Field Name for OTDI | ASCI | +| | | | 43.069 | | | Rel-4 | | 4.2.0 | 4.2.1 | ETSI/MCC cleanup on references and editorials. | 05.05.2002 | +| NP-16 | | | 43.069 | | | Rel-5 | | 4.2.1 | 5.0.0 | CN plenary decision to make this TS also for Release 5. | June 2002 | +| | | | 43.069 | | | Rel-5 | | 5.0.0 | 5.0.1 | Editorial correction, changing Note 1 to 9 and Note 2 to 10 in fig. 4, subclause 11.3.8. | 27.06.2002 | +| NP-17 | NP-020383 | N1-021688 | 43.069 | 006 | | Rel-5 | F | 5.0.1 | 5.1.0 | ASCI VBS call termination by dispatchers using DTMF | Sept 2002 | +| NP-18 | NP-020676 | | 43.069 | 007 | 4 | Rel-5 | F | 5.1.0 | 5.2.0 | MS late entry notification | Dec 2002 | +| NP-21 | NP-030407 | N1-031216 | 43.069 | 009 | 1 | Rel-5 | A | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | Correction to definition of Group-ID, Group call area ID and Broadcast Call Reference | Sept 2003 | +| NP-21 | NP-030409 | N1-031218 | 43.069 | 010 | 1 | Rel-5 | F | 5.2.0 | 5.3.0 | Correction to MS Late Entry description | Sept 2003 | +| NP-25 | NP-040373 | N1-041530 | 43.069 | 013 | 1 | Rel-5 | A | 5.3.0 | 5.4.0 | Correction on notification procedures for Originator of VBS call | Sept 2004 | +| NP-25 | NP-040373 | N1-041548 | 43.069 | 014 | 1 | Rel-6 | B | 5.4.0 | 6.0.0 | Introduction of USIM based ciphering for VBS | Sept 2004 | +| NP-26 | NP-040515 | | | | | Rel-6 | | | 6.1.0 | USIM based ciphering on dedicated channels | Dec 2004 | +| NP-26 | NP-040515 | N1-042077 | 43.069 | 015 | 1 | Rel-6 | B | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | Broadcast call reference handling by the MSC during VBS call establishment | Dec 2004 | +| NP-26 | NP-040515 | | | | | Rel-6 | | | 6.1.0 | Notification Response procedure | Dec 2004 | +| NP-26 | NP-040515 | N1-041827 | 43.069 | 017 | | Rel-6 | D | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | Clarification on Immediate Setup procedure | Dec 2004 | +| NP-26 | NP-040515 | N1-041828 | 43.069 | 018 | | Rel-6 | D | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | EPRT Inter-PLMN Broadcast Call notification for dispatchers | Dec 2004 | +| NP-27 | NP-050076 | | | | | Rel-6 | | | 6.2.0 | | March 2005 | +| | | N1-050282 | 43.069 | 023 | 1 | | F | 6.1.0 | | | | +| CP-28 | CP-050057 | | | | | Rel-6 | | | 6.3.0 | Correction on the use of calling subscriber and destination subscriber | June 2005 | +| | | C1-050473 | 43.069 | 026 | | | A | 6.2.0 | | | | +| CP-28 | CP-050073 | | | | | Rel-7 | | | 7.0.0 | VBS Broadcast Point in the BSS | June 2005 | +| | | C1-050743 | 43.069 | 027 | 2 | | B | 6.3.0 | | | | +| CP-31 | CP-060126 | | | | | Rel-7 | | | 7.1.0 | Modification of conditions for VBS call establishment | March 2006 | +| | | C1-060616 | 43.069 | 077 | 2 | | C | 7.0.0 | | | | +| CP-31 | CP-060162 | | | | | Rel-7 | | | 7.1.0 | EPRT - Correction/clarification of voice broadcast call release procedures | March 2006 | +| | | C1-060552 | 43.069 | 029 | 1 | | F | 7.0.0 | | | | +| CP-32 | CP-060276 | C1-061102 | 43.069 | 0078 | 2 | Rel-7 | B | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | VBS-A interface link sharing | June 2006 | +| CP-32 | | | | | | | | | 7.2.0 | EPRT: Add signalling flow for a dispatcher originated VBS | June 2006 | +| | CP-060276 | C1-060730 | 43.069 | 0079 | | Rel-7 | F | 7.1.0 | | | | +| CP-32 | | | | | | | | | 7.2.0 | Group Call Re-establishment by the BSS | June 2006 | +| | CP-060276 | C1-061104 | 43.069 | 0080 | 1 | Rel-7 | B | 7.1.0 | | | | +| CP-32 | | | | | | | | | 7.2.0 | Including IMSI in Send_Group_Call_End_Signal message for VBS | June 2006 | +| | CP-060276 | C1-061105 | 43.069 | 0081 | 1 | Rel-7 | F | 7.1.0 | | | | +| CP-32 | | | | | | | | | 7.2.0 | Correction to process VBS_Handling_Relay_MSC | June 2006 | +| | CP-060276 | C1-060787 | 43.069 | 0082 | | Rel-7 | F | 7.1.0 | | | | + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-------|-----------|-----------|--------|------|---|--------|---|--------|--------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------| +| CP-33 | CP-060457 | C1-061476 | 43.069 | 0091 | | Rel-7 | A | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | TCRT : Addition of VBS reconfiguration procedure | Sept 2006 | +| CP-33 | CP-060457 | C1-061474 | 43.069 | 0089 | | Rel-7 | A | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | TCRT : Correction of PCH re-organisation notification | Sept 2006 | +| CP-33 | CP-060470 | C1-061817 | 43.069 | 0084 | 1 | Rel-7 | B | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | Addition of interoperability with RANflex | Sept 2006 | +| CP-33 | CP-060506 | C1-061815 | 43.069 | 0086 | 1 | Rel-7 | C | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | Failure cases during VBS call establishment | Sept 2006 | +| CP-33 | CP-060506 | C1-061436 | 43.069 | 0085 | | Rel-7 | B | 7.2.0 | 7.3.0 | Support of EFR and AMR codecs for VBS | Sept 2006 | +| CP-34 | CP-060665 | C1-062112 | 43.069 | 0094 | - | Rel-7 | B | 7.3.0 | 7.4.0 | Condition for the inclusion of parameters in the GCR interrogation message | Dec 2006 | +| CP-34 | CP-060665 | C1-062114 | 43.069 | 0095 | - | Rel-7 | F | 7.3.0 | 7.4.0 | Addition of Teleservice Code to SendGroupCallInfo | Dec 2006 | +| CP-35 | CP-070131 | C1-070609 | 43.069 | 0103 | 2 | Rel-7 | A | 7.4.0 | 7.5.0 | TCRT: Definition of BSSAP procedure for release of VBS call controlling connections | March 2007 | +| CP-35 | CP-070155 | C1-070243 | 43.069 | 0100 | - | Rel-7 | F | 7.4.0 | 7.5.0 | Alignment of SDLs with condition for successful call setup | March 2007 | +| CP-35 | CP-070155 | C1-070607 | 43.069 | 0098 | 3 | Rel-7 | F | 7.4.0 | 7.5.0 | Indication of the originating relay MSC address to anchor MSC | March 2007 | +| CP-35 | CP-070155 | C1-070606 | 43.069 | 0099 | 2 | Rel-7 | F | 7.4.0 | 7.5.0 | Removal of the limitation of speech version in A interface sharing | March 2007 | +| CP-35 | CP-070155 | C1-070526 | 43.069 | 0097 | 1 | Rel-7 | C | 7.4.0 | 7.5.0 | Extension of Group ID | March 2007 | +| CP-36 | CP-070387 | C1-071159 | 43.069 | 0101 | 2 | Rel-7 | F | 7.5.0 | 7.6.0 | Alignment between VBS and VGCS call establishment | June 2007 | +| CP-36 | CP-070387 | C1-070976 | 43.069 | 0105 | 2 | Rel-7 | B | 7.5.0 | 7.6.0 | Retry of the VBS Assignment procedure | June 2007 | +| CP-37 | CP-070604 | C1-071619 | 43.069 | 0106 | | Rel-8 | F | 7.6.0 | 8.0.0 | TCRT: Various corrections to the VBS specification | Sept 2007 | +| CP-39 | CP-080136 | C1-080287 | 43.069 | 0107 | | Rel-8 | F | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | TCRT: Paging for incoming p-t-p transaction to service subscriber in an ongoing broadcast call | March 2008 | +| CP-46 | | | | | | Rel-9 | | 8.1.0 | 9.0.0 | Upgrade to Rel-9 | Dec 2009 | +| CP-47 | CP-100135 | C1-100477 | 43.069 | 0108 | | Rel-9 | C | 9.0.0 | 9.1.0 | TCRT: Uplink reply procedure | March 2010 | +| CP-51 | | | | | | Rel-10 | | | | Upgrade to Rel-10 | March 2011 | +| CP-54 | CP-110882 | C1-114667 | 43.069 | 0109 | | Rel-11 | | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | TC-RT: Initial Talker Information handling (solving race conditions) | Dec 2011 | +| CP-54 | CP-110882 | C1-114669 | 43.069 | 0110 | | Rel-11 | | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | TC-RT: GCR Transient Data | Dec 2011 | +| CP-55 | CP-120121 | C1-120522 | 43.069 | 0111 | 1 | Rel-11 | B | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | TC-RT: Broadcast Call Redundancy | March 2012 | +| CP-55 | CP-120099 | C1-120631 | 43.069 | 0116 | 1 | Rel-11 | A | 11.0.0 | 11.1.0 | TC-RT: Additional Calling Party Number | March 2012 | +| CP-55 | | | 43.069 | | | Rel-11 | | 11.0.0 | 11.1.1 | Minor editorial fixes | March 2012 | +| CP-56 | CP-120319 | C1-121129 | 43.069 | 0117 | | Rel-11 | F | 11.1.1 | 11.2.0 | Cleanup corrections to broadcast call redundancy | June 2012 | +| CP-57 | CP-120596 | C1-122635 | 43.069 | 0118 | | Rel-11 | F | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | TC-RT: Corrections to broadcast call redundancy | Sept 2012 | +| CP-57 | CP-120584 | C1-122637 | 43.069 | 0119 | | Rel-11 | F | 11.2.0 | 11.3.0 | TC-RT: Cleanup of editorial or textual defects | Sept 2012 | +| CP-58 | CP-120808 | C1-124673 | 43.069 | 0120 | 1 | Rel-11 | F | 11.3.0 | 11.4.0 | TC-RT: Additional Calling Party Number | Dec 2012 | +| CP-58 | CP-120808 | C1-124674 | 43.069 | 0121 | 1 | Rel-11 | F | 11.3.0 | 11.4.0 | TC RT: Uplink reply procedure | Dec 2012 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43073/09955ff8214ffb6947951fc0f60eb6ab_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43073/09955ff8214ffb6947951fc0f60eb6ab_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 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77448 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43073/8fa679f79a1bb1f527cba9f29e784e89_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43073/8fa679f79a1bb1f527cba9f29e784e89_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..271738c234ea139c4561d5c2807c005b1a380eb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43073/8fa679f79a1bb1f527cba9f29e784e89_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:f10fa4535e7ac69bbf34256d7a4995f1fe0356b8184943bc8e95c2f89f35ea27 +size 33018 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43073/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43073/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8386befc7034b063c9a0488b847bbad2d5c50b93 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43073/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1018 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 2.1 Normative references ..... | 6 | +| 2.2 Informative references..... | 7 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 7 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 Main concepts ..... | 7 | +| 4.1 Localised Service Area definition..... | 7 | +| 4.2 Subscriber information for Localised Service Area..... | 7 | +| 4.3 Localised Service Area support in idle mode..... | 8 | +| 4.3.1 Cell selection and reselection..... | 8 | +| 4.3.2 Localised service area indication..... | 8 | +| 4.3.3 Exclusive access ..... | 8 | +| 4.3.4 LSA only access ..... | 8 | +| 4.4 Localised Service Area support in active mode..... | 8 | +| 4.4.1 Localised service area indication..... | 8 | +| 4.4.2 Resource handling ..... | 8 | +| 4.5 Localised Service Area support in access control..... | 9 | +| 4.5.1 Emergency Call setup..... | 9 | +| 4.5.2 Mobile Originating and Mobile Terminating Call setup..... | 9 | +| 4.5.3 Location Registration ..... | 9 | +| 4.5.4 Call unrelated services (Short message transfer, USSD, Supplementary Service management)..... | 9 | +| 4.5.5 Routing Area Update..... | 9 | +| 5 General architecture ..... | 10 | +| 6 Compatibility issues..... | 10 | +| 6.1 Handling of mobiles in exclusive access cells ..... | 10 | +| 7 Transmission ..... | 11 | +| 8 Information storage ..... | 11 | +| 8.1 Information managed per subscriber..... | 11 | +| 8.1.1 Stored in the HLR..... | 11 | +| 8.1.2 Stored in the VLR..... | 11 | +| 8.1.3 Stored in the SIM..... | 12 | +| 8.1.4 Stored in the SGSN ..... | 12 | +| 8.2 Information managed per LSA..... | 12 | +| 8.2.1 Stored in the MSC ..... | 12 | +| 8.2.2 Stored in the BSS..... | 13 | +| 9 Identities..... | 13 | +| 9.1 Identities for LSA..... | 13 | +| 9.1.1 LSA ID ..... | 13 | +| 9.1.2 LSA name ..... | 13 | +| 10 Operation and maintenance aspects ..... | 13 | +| 11 Function and information flows ..... | 13 | +| 11.1 LSA management..... | 13 | +| 11.2 Subscription management ..... | 14 | +| 11.3 Update of LSA data in SIM..... | 14 | +| 11.4 Functions related to MS in idle mode for support of LSA..... | 14 | +| 11.4.1 Broadcast information ..... | 14 | +| 11.4.2 Cell selection and reselection..... | 14 | +| 11.4.3 Location Updating ..... | 15 | +| 11.4.4 Routing Area Update..... | 15 | + +| | | | +|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 11.5 | Transfer of information from HLR to VLR ..... | 15 | +| 11.6 | Transfer of information from HLR to SGSN ..... | 15 | +| 11.7 | Functions related to active mode support of LSA ..... | 15 | +| 11.7.1 | MS connection establishment ..... | 15 | +| 11.7.1.1 | Indication of current LSA to the MSC ..... | 15 | +| 11.7.1.2 | Indication of allowed LSA to the BSS ..... | 15 | +| 11.7.1.3 | Indication of allowed LSA to the BSS ..... | 15 | +| 11.7.2 | Handover ..... | 16 | +| 11.7.2.1 | Indication of allowed LSA to the target BSS ..... | 16 | +| 11.7.2.2 | Indication of current LSA to the MSC ..... | 16 | +| 11.7.2.3 | Indication of current LSA to the SGSN ..... | 16 | +| 11.8 | LSA indication procedures ..... | 16 | +| 11.8.1 | Indication for mobile stations in idle mode ..... | 16 | +| 11.8.2 | Indications for mobile stations in active mode ..... | 16 | +| 11.9 | Overview of signalling ..... | 16 | +| 12 | Charging ..... | 21 | +| 12.1 | General principles ..... | 21 | +| 12.2 | Toll ticketing ..... | 21 | +| Annex A (informative): | SoLSA interworking with CAMEL ..... | 22 | +| A.1 | Subscriber information for Localised Service Area ..... | 22 | +| A.2 | Network Architecture ..... | 22 | +| A.3 | Signalling Interworking ..... | 23 | +| Annex B (informative): | Change history ..... | 25 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The present document specifies the stage 2 description of the SoLSA service within the 3GPP system. + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document specifies the stage 2 description of the SoLSA service, which gives the network operator the basis to offer subscribers or group of subscribers different services, different tariffs and different access rights depending on the geographical location of the subscriber, according to GSM 02.43. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +## 2.1 Normative references + +- [1] 3GPP TS 22.043: "Support of Localised Service Area (SoLSA) - Stage 1". +- [2] 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, Addressing and Identification". +- [3] 3GPP TS 23.022: "Functions Related to Mobile Station (MS) in Idle Mode". +- [4] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile Radio Interface Layer 3 specification; Core Network Protocols - Stage 3". +- [5] 3GPP TS 44.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Mobile Station (MS) – Base Station System (BSS) interface; Radio Link Control/ Medium Access Control (RLC/MAC) protocol (GPRS)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 45.002: "Multiplexing and Multiple Access on the Radio Path". +- [7] 3GPP TS 45.008: "Radio subsystem link control". +- [8] 3GPP TS 48.008: "Mobile Switching Centre - Base Station System (MSC – BSS) interface - Layer 3 specification". +- [9] 3GPP TS 48.018: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Base Station System (BSS) – Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN); BSS GPRS Protocol (BSSGP)". +- [10] 3GPP TS 48.058: "BSC-BTS Interface – Layer 3 Specification". +- [11] 3GPP TS 51.011: "Specification of the Subscriber Identity Module – Mobile Equipment (SIM-ME) Interface". +- [12] 3GPP TS 31.111: "USIM Application Toolkit (USAT)". + +## 2.2 Informative references + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. + +**Allowed localised service area:** Localised Service Area where the subscriber has allowed service. + +**Current localised service area:** Localised Service Area of the serving cell to which the mobile station has subscription. + +**Escape PLMN:** specific PLMN code that may be broadcast for non SoLSA compatible mobile stations that do not understand the exclusive access indicator. + +**Localised Service Area:** Localised Service Area consists of a cell or a number of cells. The cells constituting a LSA may not necessarily provide continuous coverage. + +**Network operator:** entity that provides the network operating elements and resources for the execution of the LSA service. + +**Service provider:** entity that offers the LSA services for subscription. The network operator may be the service provider. + +**Service subscriber:** mobile subscriber, which subscribes to the LSA service. In principle, if a network provides LSA service, all users are able to subscribe to this service. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|--------|---------------------------------| +| LSA | Localised Service Area | +| LSA ID | Localised Service Area Identity | +| CSE | Camel Service Environment | + +# --- 4 Main concepts + +## 4.1 Localised Service Area definition + +The network operator can define a Localised Service Area, LSA, consisting of a cell or a number of cells. It is possible for the network operator to set certain characteristics/attributes per LSA. Some LSA related attributes may be managed as part of cell management, e.g. exclusive access. + +The LSA is identified by a LSA ID. It shall be possible for the service subscriber to define a name on each of her allowed LSAs. + +## 4.2 Subscriber information for Localised Service Area + +For a subscriber, the network operator or the service provider can define one or more LSA(s) as allowed LSA(s). It shall be possible to establish an order of priority between the allowed LSAs for a given subscriber and if the subscriber shall have preferential access within these LSAs. It shall also be possible to define whether access outside the allowed LSA(s) is allowed for a subscriber. + +Subscriber specific LSA information is stored and managed in the HLR. Application related LSA information is stored in appropriate service platform, e.g. in the CAMEL Service Environment (see annex A). + +In addition to subscriber details in the HLR server, it is also necessary for subscriber specific LSA information to be stored and managed in the SIM. + +Subscribers may receive SIM cards with the initial LSA data stored. The management of LSA data on SIM may be performed manually (in which case SIM has to be returned to the network operator or service provider for updating), or over the air interface as described in subclause 11.3. + +## 4.3 Localised Service Area support in idle mode + +### 4.3.1 Cell selection and reselection + +A cell reselection mechanism as defined in subclause 11.4.2 shall be used so that when camping on a cell in idle mode, the subscriber's mobile station favours the cells belonging to her LSA(s). The mobile station shall always attempt to reselect a cell in a higher priority LSA. Cells outside the allowed LSA(s) shall have the lowest priority. + +### 4.3.2 Localised service area indication + +The service subscriber can define a name (alphanumeric name, icon, etc) for each of her allowed LSAs. The MS will, in idle mode and if required by the user, indicate to the user the current LSA. The indication may be the name of the current LSA, as set by the user. The form of display and indication are left to manufacturer's choice. + +### 4.3.3 Exclusive access + +An exclusive access cell is a cell belonging to one or more LSAs and with allowed access only for users having this exclusive access cell included in his/her allowed LSAs. Other user's mobile stations must be prevented from using the cell to obtain any service, other than TS12 (Emergency Calls). + +### 4.3.4 LSA only access + +It shall be BSS-controlled functionality to prevent terminated and/or originated calls outside the subscriber's allowed LSA(s). Emergency calls are however always allowed. + +## 4.4 Localised Service Area support in active mode + +### 4.4.1 Localised service area indication + +As a network option, service subscribers may be notified at change of current LSA. This notification shall be performed as described in subclause 11.7. The form of display and indication are left to manufacturer's choice. + +### 4.4.2 Resource handling + +As a network operator option it shall be possible to allow or prohibit connection set-up and handover depending on the subscriber's LSA information. + +Information to be made available to the radio resource allocation function and the handover function are as depicted in subclause 8.2.2. + +**NOTE:** For the handling of an established connection, it is out of scope of the present document to describe how the network shall perform the resource allocation, handover, etc. depending on the subscriber's LSA information. The following shall only be seen as examples. + +Assignment of traffic resources in preferential access LSA's may (network option) be favoured for subscribers having this cell as part of their allowed LSAs. + +When the subscriber sets up a call in one of her LSAs, the cells belonging to that LSA can (network option) be favoured when handovers are carried out. + +Handovers to exclusive access cells can (network option) be prevented for users not having the cell as part of their allowed LSA. + +For a user with LSA only access, handovers as well as new originating and terminating calls may (network option) be allowed outside the allowed LSAs. Emergency calls are however always allowed. + +## 4.5 Localised Service Area support in access control + +### 4.5.1 Emergency Call setup + +The Emergency Call setup shall always be accepted by the MSC. + +### 4.5.2 Mobile Originating and Mobile Terminating Call setup + +The MSC receives the LSA ID(s) of the current cell from the BSC before the call setup. The current LSA can be selected on the basis of the allowed LSA(s) in the subscriber data. Depending on the current LSA, the network may continue as follows: + +- The MSC accepts the setup without Active mode support, if the active mode indicator flag for selected LSA is not set. + +- The MSC accepts the setup with Active mode support, if the active mode indicator flag for selected LSA is set. +- The MSC starts charging activities for the current LSA. + +### 4.5.3 Location Registration + +The MSC/VLR shall reject a location registration if the cell is used for exclusive access and none of the LSA Ids of current cell corresponds to the LSA ID(s) stored in the subscriber record. + +### 4.5.4 Call unrelated services (Short message transfer, USSD, Supplementary Service management) + +The MSC receives the LSA ID(s) of the current cell from the BSC in the COMPLETE\_L3\_INFO. The current LSA can be selected on the basis of the allowed LSA(s) in the subscriber data and it can be used e.g. for the charging purposes. However, the service request is always accepted. Also, no active mode support is applied for the call unrelated services. + +### 4.5.5 Routing Area Update + +SGSN shall reject a routing area update if the cell is used for exclusive access and none of the LSA Ids of current cell corresponds to the LSA ID(s) stored in the subscriber record. + +# 5 General architecture + +No specific requirements are identified. The general architecture of GSM is maintained. + +![Figure 1: General architecture diagram showing the interaction between MS, BTS, BSC, MSC/VLR/SSP, SGSN, HLR, and Service Mgmt. The diagram illustrates the flow of LSA information and subscription data between these components.](2ba086df3506f81bae3a9b53725dcfea_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the general architecture for LSA (Location Area) support. It shows the following components and their interactions: + +- MS (Mobile Station):** + - Receives **SIM ATK SIM data download (optional)** and **LSA Subscription Information** from Service Mgmt. + - Stores **LSA data stored in SIM**. + - Receives **BCCH** information from BTS: + - LSA cell reselection parameters + - LSA id list (optional) + - Cell id (optional) + - Provides **Idle mode support and indication** to BTS. +- BTS (Base Transceiver Station):** + - Receives **LSA definition** from BSC: + - LSA ID – cell id mapping + - Set exclusive access cells + - Set cell reselection parameters + - Provides **Active mode support** to BSC: + - Handover support (CS) + - Network controlled cell reselection support (PS) +- BSC (Base Station Controller):** + - Receives **LSA ID(s) of current cell** from BTS. + - Provides **LSA definition** to BTS. + - Provides **Subscriber's LSA Data** to MSC/VLR/SSP and SGSN. +- MSC/VLR/SSP:** + - Receives **LSA ID(s) of current cell** from BSC. + - Receives **Subscriber's LSA Data** from BSC and HLR. + - Interacts with **Service Mgmt** via **LSA Subscription Information**. + - Interacts with **HLR** via **MAP** to receive **Subscriber's LSA Data (relevant in the VPLMN)**. +- SGSN:** + - Receives **LSA ID(s) of current cell** from BSC. + - Receives **Subscriber's LSA Data** from BSC and HLR. + - Interacts with **HLR** via **MAP** to receive **Subscriber's LSA Data (relevant in the SGSN)**. +- HLR:** + - Receives **LSA Subscription Information** from Service Mgmt. + - Provides **Subscriber's LSA Data (relevant in the VPLMN)** to MSC/VLR/SSP via **MAP**. + - Provides **Subscriber's LSA Data (relevant in the SGSN)** to SGSN via **MAP**. +- Service Mgmt:** + - Provides **LSA Subscription Information** to MS, MSC/VLR/SSP, and HLR. + - Performs **Create and download LSA information** for MS. + +Figure 1: General architecture diagram showing the interaction between MS, BTS, BSC, MSC/VLR/SSP, SGSN, HLR, and Service Mgmt. The diagram illustrates the flow of LSA information and subscription data between these components. + +Figure 1: General architecture + +# 6 Compatibility issues + +LSA can not be used with standard phase 1 or phase 2 mobile stations (or with non-compatible phase 2+ mobile stations) with all service aspects. A dedicated mobile station with LSA capability is required. + +A compatible mobile station shall provide the following specific functions: + +- cell reselection in case of a LSA subscription; +- notification of the current LSA. + +A mobile station with LSA capability shall also provide the complete functionality in order to allow the use of phase 2 services. + +Standard phase 1 and phase 2 mobile stations in a network shall not be impacted by the presence of LSA services in that network due to LSA signalling, also if the mobile station is operated with a SIM that contains SoLSA fields. + +However, if LSA is provided in a network, it can be applied to non-compatible mobile stations in the following way: + +- For a user with a LSA service subscription and with LSA only access, support is given for LSA only access, with exception of the notification (LSA indication). +- For a user with a LSA service subscription, support is given for LSAs in active mode, with exception of the notification (LSA indication). + +## 6.1 Handling of mobiles in exclusive access cells + +An escape PLMN may be included for old MSs that do not understand the exclusive access indicator. Such an MS will consider the cell as belonging to another PLMN. If the escape PLMN is broadcast and the subscriber is not allowed within the cell, the receiving MSC/VLR/SGSN shall reject the location update with the cause PLMN not allowed. The escape PLMN will be added to the list of forbidden PLMNs and not accessed again. SoLSA compatible mobile stations will however read the correct PLMN in the system information and treat the cell as normal. + +# --- 7 Transmission + +No specific requirements are identified. + +# --- 8 Information storage + +## 8.1 Information managed per subscriber + +### 8.1.1 Stored in the HLR + +The following mandatory information shall be stored in the HLR for each service subscriber: + +- a list of all the LSA Ids for the service subscriber; +- the priority for each LSA; +- the preferential access indicator for each LSA; +- the LSA only access indicator. + +The following optional information may be stored in the HLR for each service subscriber: + +- LSA only access indication text (text to be displayed when out of LSA). + +The following optional information may also be stored for each subscribed LSA: + +- LSA name (A text string describing area and/or service. For example “ETSI BUILDING”); +- LSA indication for idle mode (flag to activate/deactivate LSA indication in idle mode); +- LSA indication for active mode (flag to activate/deactivate LSA indication in active mode); +- idle mode support (flag to activate/deactivate idle mode support in LSA); +- active mode support (flag to activate/deactivate active mode support in LSA). + +The LSA Ids are defined in subclause 9.1.1. + +A service subscriber shall not be provided with more than 20 LSAs per PLMN (including universal LSA's). + +### 8.1.2 Stored in the VLR + +The following mandatory information, which is relevant in the VPLMN, shall be stored in the VLR for each service subscriber: + +- a list of all the LSA Ids for the service subscriber; +- the priority for each LSA; +- the preferential access indicator for each LSA; +- the LSA only access indicator. + +The following optional information may also be stored for each subscribed LSA: + +- LSA indication for active mode (flag to activate/deactivate LSA indication in active mode); +- active mode support (flag to activate/deactivate active mode support in LSA). + +This information shall be brought forward to the VLR at the same time as other subscriber information is copied from HLR. VLR entries shall be modified when corresponding HLR records are changed. + +### 8.1.3 Stored in the SIM + +The following mandatory information shall be stored in the SIM for each service subscriber: + +- a list of all the LSA Ids for the service subscriber; +- the priority for each LSA; +- the LSA only access indicator. + +The following optional information may be stored in the SIM for each service subscriber: + +- LSA only access indication text (text to be displayed when out of LSA). + +The following optional information may also be stored for each subscribed LSA: + +- a list of all the cell identities for the subscribed LSA; +- LSA name (A text string describing area and / or service. For example “ETSI BUILDING”); +- LSA indication for idle mode (flag to activate/deactivate LSA indication in idle mode); +- - idle mode support (flag to activate/deactivate idle mode support in LSA); + +The information shall be modified when corresponding HLR and BSS records are changed. + +### 8.1.4 Stored in the SGSN + +The following mandatory information, which is relevant in the VPLMN, shall be stored in the SGSN for each service subscriber: + +- a list of all the LSA Ids for the service subscriber; +- the priority for each LSA; +- the preferential access indicator for each LSA; +- the LSA only access indicator. + +The following optional information may also be stored for each subscribed LSA: + +- LSA indication for active mode (flag to activate/deactivate LSA indication in active mode); +- active mode support (flag to activate/deactivate active mode support in LSA). + +This information shall be brought forward to the SGSN at the same time as other subscriber information is copied from HLR. SGSN entries shall be modified when corresponding HLR records are changed. + +## 8.2 Information managed per LSA + +The LSA is defined as a list of cells inside the network. The cells shall be defined by their cell identification consisting of the Location Area Code and the Cell Identity as defined in 3GPP TS 48.008 and are therefore uniquely identified in the network. + +### 8.2.1 Stored in the MSC + +The information stored in the MSC (network option) is the network specific service configuration of each LSA defined by the network operator and relevant for the MSC. + +The network specific configuration of each LSA may also include specific rules for e.g. the priority handling and the mapping between LSA information for the subscriber (VLR data) and the LSA information sent to BSS and when to notify MS about a service area change. + +NOTE: For the handling of call establishment, it is out of scope of the present document to describe how the network shall perform e.g. mapping between LSA information for the subscriber (VLR data) and the LSA information sent to BSS. The network specific service configuration information shall only be seen as an example. + +### 8.2.2 Stored in the BSS + +The information stored in the BSS is the network specific service configuration of each LSA defined by the network operator and relevant for the BSS. + +For each LSA relevant for the BSS in case of internal and external handover support, the LSA ID and the cells belonging to the LSA shall be stored. The BSS must also have knowledge about in which LSA cells that the exclusive access shall be indicated. + +The network specific configuration of each LSA may also include rules for e.g. handover and resource allocation. + +# --- 9 Identities + +## 9.1 Identities for LSA + +### 9.1.1 LSA ID + +The LSA ID shall either be a PLMN significant number or a universal identity, indicated by one bit in the LSA ID. + +PLMN significant number: The LSA ID shall be a binary number uniquely assigned to an area in one network. The identity consists of 3 octets. + +Universal identity: The LSA ID shall be a globally unique identity assigned to a specific company or organisation. A suitable Assigning and Registration Authority is required. + +### 9.1.2 LSA name + +It shall be possible to assign a subscriber-defined identifier to each LSA. The LSA name can e.g. be an icon or an alphanumeric text up to 10 characters. + +# --- 10 Operation and maintenance aspects + +The operators have the possibility to: + +- Define LSAs consisting of a cell or a number of cells. +- Set parameters for prioritised LSA cell reselection. + +- Set the parameter for exclusive access. + +# --- 11 Function and information flows + +## 11.1 LSA management + +The LSA attributes, as given in subclause 8.2 shall be entered and modified by the network operator or the service provider. + +## 11.2 Subscription management + +When the subscriber record is created in the HLR, the list of allowed LSAs, priority of each LSA, the preferential access indicator of each LSA and information about access rights outside these LSAs shall be included. + +The network operator can change the LSA information for a subscription at any time. A change of subscription shall not affect any on-going calls at the moment of change. + +The update of SIM with user LSA information is done as depicted in subclause 11.3. + +## 11.3 Update of LSA data in SIM + +SIM Application Toolkit (SAT) SIM Data Download procedure, as specified in 3GPP TS 31.111, can be used to download LSA data to SIM over the air interface. SAT class 1 supports SMS as the bearer for LSA data. + +When using over the air interface for updating LSA information on the SIM card the 3GPP TS 23.048 specifies Standardised SIM toolkit commands for Remote File Management: + +3GPP TS 23.048 contains a standard format for remote file handling based on the instruction set from 3GPP TS 51.011. Operators have possibility to use and update SIMs from different vendors. + +The parameter(s) in the SIM Data Download Message is either a single command, or a list of commands, and each command is coded according to the generalised structure defined in 3GPP TS 23.048. + +Data field to be used in commands will be specified in 3GPP TS 51.011 for SoLSA. + +GSM Rec. 03.48 also specifies various security mechanisms (e.g. various derivatives of DES) that can be used to protect the remote file management commands. + +New SIMs for SoLSA are needed to cater for SIM related security issues. Unauthorised modification of SoLSA data in SIM, either by users or by any other entity, is to be prohibited. + +## 11.4 Functions related to MS in idle mode for support of LSA + +### 11.4.1 Broadcast information + +In cells belonging to a LSA, the LSA ID(s) and/or cell identity is broadcast. + +Further, in cells belonging to a LSA, which shall give exclusive access to a subscriber group, an exclusive access indication is broadcast. + +To be able to favour the LSA cells at cell reselection new LSA reselection parameters are broadcast. + +### 11.4.2 Cell selection and reselection + +The definition of a “suitable cell”, as defined in GSM 03.22, is modified with the following criterion: + +A SoLSA exclusive access cell is “suitable” only if the LSA of the cell is one of the allowed LSA according to the SIM. Emergency calls are always allowed if no cells are found suitable. + +An MS with SIM indicating LSA subscription shall always try to reselect the cell with the highest LSA priority according to the information stored on the SIM. The LSA reselection parameters broadcast on the BCCH shall be used + +to calculate the reselection criteria. The broadcasting mechanism is as described in 3GPP TS 44.060. The MS shall follow the reselection procedures defined in 3GPP TS 45.008. + +NOTE: The text above covers also the case when the MS is using GPRS together with SoLSA. + +### 11.4.3 Location Updating + +If the escape PLMN is broadcast the BSS shall, at location updating, inform the MSC/VLR about the LSA ID(s) of the cell where the location updating request message was received. *This is done by adding the LSA ID(s) of current cell to the complete layer 3 information message for the exclusive access cell.* + +### 11.4.4 Routing Area Update + +If the escape PLMN is broadcast the BSS shall, at routing area update, inform the SGSN about the LSA ID(s) of the cell where the routing area update request message was received. *This is done by adding the LSA ID(s) of current cell to the UL UNITDATA message for the exclusive access cell.* + +## 11.5 Transfer of information from HLR to VLR + +If the subscription contain LSA information then, when the subscriber registers on a VLR, the HLR shall send the LSA subscription data to that VLR, which is relevant in the VPLMN. This is done by adding the LSA information to the MAP\_INSERT\_SUBSCRIBER\_DATA and for deletion in MAP\_DELETE\_SUBSCRIBER\_DATA. + +When there is a change in the LSA information the HLR shall include at least the new and/or modified LSA data. When there is a change in the access right outside the LSA(s) the HLR shall include the LSA only access indicator. + +## 11.6 Transfer of information from HLR to SGSN + +If the subscription contain LSA information then, when the subscriber registers on a SGSN, the HLR shall send the LSA subscription data to that SGSN, which is relevant in the VPLMN. This is done by adding the LSA information to the MAP\_INSERT\_SUBSCRIBER\_DATA and for deletion in MAP\_DELETE\_SUBSCRIBER\_DATA. + +When there is a change in the LSA information the HLR shall include at least the new and/or modified LSA data. When there is a change in the access right outside the LSA(s) the HLR shall include the LSA only access indicator. + +## 11.7 Functions related to active mode support of LSA + +### 11.7.1 MS connection establishment + +#### 11.7.1.1 Indication of current LSA to the MSC + +At initial connection establishment the BSS shall inform the MSC about the LSA ID(s) of the cell where the initial layer 3 message was received. *This is done by adding the LSA ID(s) of current cell to the complete layer 3 message.* + +#### 11.7.1.2 Indication of allowed LSA to the BSS + +The MSC sends the LSA information message to the BSS including the A-interface LSA information of the connection *as defined in 3GPP TS 48.008*. The MSC maps the subscription LSA information on to the A-interface LSA information for LSAs requiring 'active mode support'. The LSA information sent to the BSS indicates the allowed area for the MS connection. The BSS shall store the LSA information in order to use it on later actions, e.g. at handover. + +The LSA information for the MS connection shall be used in the BSS at assignment of radio resources in order to e.g. prioritise cells in the allowed LSA(s) and to prevent allocating resources in cells outside the allowed area for the MS connection. + +#### 11.7.1.3 Indication of allowed LSA to the BSS + +The SGSN may send the LSA information message to the BSS for a mobile station in ready mode *as defined in 3GPP TS 48.018*. The SGSN sends the subscription LSA information for LSAs requiring 'active mode support'. The LSA information sent to the BSS indicates the allowed area for the MS connection. The BSS shall store the LSA information in order to use it on later actions, e.g. when determine specific cell selection parameters. + +The LSA information for the MS connection shall be used in the BSS to e.g. prioritise cells in the allowed LSA(s) and to prevent allocating resources in cells outside the allowed area for the MS connection. + +### 11.7.2 Handover + +#### 11.7.2.1 Indication of allowed LSA to the target BSS + +In case of BSS external handover, the LSA information for the connection shall be included in the handover request message. + +#### 11.7.2.2 Indication of current LSA to the MSC + +In case of BSS external handover, the BSS informs the MSC about the LSA ID of current cell. *This is done by adding the LSA ID of the current/new cell to the handover request acknowledge message.* + +In case of BSS internal handover, the BSS informs the MSC when a change of LSA has occurred for a connection. This is done by adding the LSA ID of the current/new cell to the handover performed message or assignment complete message (if handover performed during assignment). + +#### 11.7.2.3 Indication of current LSA to the SGSN + +In case of cell change, the BSS may inform the SGSN about the LSA ID(s) of current cell. This is done by adding the LSA ID(s) of the current/new cell to the UL UNITDATA message. + +## 11.8 LSA indication procedures + +Different indication procedures shall be applied in relation to the mode of the mobile station as presented in clause 4 and defined in the following sections. + +### 11.8.1 Indication for mobile stations in idle mode + +In addition to indicate the registered PLMN, an MS with subscription for a LSA in the registered PLMN shall indicate this LSA when it is available. The indication towards the user is optional and may be done by displaying the stored LSA name that corresponds to the ID of the current LSA. + +An MS with LSA only access subscription may also give an indication towards the user, when the no subscribed LSAs are available to the user. The indication is optional and may be done by displaying the LSA only access text stored in the SIM. + +### 11.8.2 Indications for mobile stations in active mode + +The network decides when to send a notification to the MS about a change of current LSA. The information will be sent from the MSC to the MS and will contain the LSA ID. This is done by adding the LSA ID of the current cell to the MM Information message. If no LSA ID is included in the MM Information message the MS shall assume that the current cell does not belong to any of the allowed LSAs for the subscriber. + +The indication towards the user is optional and can be heard as e.g. a beep in the receiver or by displaying the stored LSA name that corresponds to the received LSA ID. + +## 11.9 Overview of signalling + +In this overview, the messages required to implement the specified concept are identified and brief details are given of each message. These signalling flows are not normative, but provided as an illustration on possible signalling interworking (note that only those parts of the procedures that are relevant for the LSA service are included). + +![Sequence diagram for location registration showing interactions between MS, BSS, MSC, VLR, and HLR.](1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS + participant MSC + participant VLR + participant HLR + Note left of MS: LOCATION_UPDATING_REQUEST + MS->>BSS: LOCATION_UPDATING_REQUEST + BSS-->>MSC: COMPLETE_LAYER3_INFORMATION + MSC->>VLR: MAP_UPDATE_LOCATION_AREA + VLR->>HLR: MAP_UPDATE_LOCATION_AREA + HLR->>VLR: MAP_INSERT_SUBSCRIBER_DATA + +``` + +Sequence diagram for location registration showing interactions between MS, BSS, MSC, VLR, and HLR. + +**Figure 2: Signalling information required at location registration** + +**LOCATION\_UPDATING\_REQUEST:** Standard message. + +**COMPLETE\_LAYER3\_INFORMATION:** If the escape PLMN is broadcast, the MSC is provided with location updating information together with the LSA ID(s) of current cell. + +**MAP\_UPDATE\_LOCATION\_AREA:** Standard message. + +**MAP\_INSERT\_SUBSCRIBER\_DATA:** The VLR is provided with the subscriber information including the allowed LSA ID(s), priority of each LSA, the preferential access indicator for each LSA and the LSA only access indicator of current PLMN. + +![Sequence diagram for routing area update showing interactions between MS, BSS, SGSN, and HLR.](6f341f415ee0f8c724e5d6daeb1e9b4a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS + participant SGSN + participant HLR + Note left of MS: ROUTING_AREA_UPDATE + MS->>BSS: ROUTING_AREA_UPDATE + BSS-->>SGSN: UPLINK_UNITDATA + SGSN->>HLR: MAP_UPDATE_LOCATION_AREA + HLR->>SGSN: MAP_INSERT_SUBSCRIBER_DATA + +``` + +Sequence diagram for routing area update showing interactions between MS, BSS, SGSN, and HLR. + +**Figure 3: Signalling information required at routing area update** + +**ROUTING\_AREA\_UPDATE\_REQUEST:** Standard message. + +**UPLINK\_UNITDATA:** If the escape PLMN is broadcast, the SGSN is provided with routing area update information together with the LSA ID(s) of current cell. + +**MAP\_UPDATE\_LOCATION\_AREA:** Standard message. + +**MAP\_INSERT\_SUBSCRIBER\_DATA:** The SGSN is provided with the subscriber information including the allowed LSA ID(s), priority of each LSA and the LSA only access indicator of current PLMN. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling information required at updating of the subscriber's LSA information by using SMS. The diagram involves four lifelines: MS, MSC, GMSC/IWMSC, and LSA mgmt. The sequence of messages is: 1. LSA mgmt sends MT-SHORT-MESSAGE to GMSC/IWMSC. 2. GMSC/IWMSC sends 'To SMSC' and 'From SMSC' messages to the SMSC (not shown). 3. GMSC/IWMSC sends a 'Routing query to HLR' to the HLR (not shown). 4. HLR sends an 'Answer from HLR' to GMSC/IWMSC. 5. GMSC/IWMSC sends a 'MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE request' to the MSC. 6. MSC sends an 'SM TL SMS-DELIVER' message to the MS. 7. MS sends an 'SM TL SMS-DELIVER acknowledgement' to the MSC. 8. MSC sends a 'MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE response' to the GMSC/IWMSC. 9. GMSC/IWMSC sends 'etc.' to the LSA mgmt.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant MSC + participant GMSC/IWMSC + participant LSA mgmt + + LSA mgmt->>GMSC/IWMSC: MT-SHORT-MESSAGE + GMSC/IWMSC->>SMSC: To SMSC + SMSC->>GMSC/IWMSC: From SMSC + GMSC/IWMSC->>HLR: Routing query to HLR + HLR->>GMSC/IWMSC: Answer from HLR + GMSC/IWMSC->>MSC: MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE request + MSC->>MS: SM TL SMS-DELIVER + MS->>MSC: SM TL SMS-DELIVER acknowledgement + MSC->>GMSC/IWMSC: MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE response + GMSC/IWMSC->>LSA mgmt: etc. +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling information required at updating of the subscriber's LSA information by using SMS. The diagram involves four lifelines: MS, MSC, GMSC/IWMSC, and LSA mgmt. The sequence of messages is: 1. LSA mgmt sends MT-SHORT-MESSAGE to GMSC/IWMSC. 2. GMSC/IWMSC sends 'To SMSC' and 'From SMSC' messages to the SMSC (not shown). 3. GMSC/IWMSC sends a 'Routing query to HLR' to the HLR (not shown). 4. HLR sends an 'Answer from HLR' to GMSC/IWMSC. 5. GMSC/IWMSC sends a 'MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE request' to the MSC. 6. MSC sends an 'SM TL SMS-DELIVER' message to the MS. 7. MS sends an 'SM TL SMS-DELIVER acknowledgement' to the MSC. 8. MSC sends a 'MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE response' to the GMSC/IWMSC. 9. GMSC/IWMSC sends 'etc.' to the LSA mgmt. + +**Figure 4: Signalling information required at updating of the subscriber's LSA information by using SMS** + +**MT-SHORT-MESSAGE, MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE request, SM TP SMS-DELIVER:** + +Standard messages containing subscriber's LSA information and are parts of SIM data download. + +**SM TP SMS-DELIVER acknowledgement, MAP-MT-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE response:** Standard messages containing result of the operation. + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling information required for mobile originating call establishment between MS, BSS, and MSC/VLR.](4356776ca004ecba5d599667a155d7d4_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS + participant MSC/VLR + Note left of MS: + MS->>BSS: SYSTEM_INFO + BSS-->>MS: + MS->>BSS: RACH (CHAN_REQ) + BSS-->>MS: IMMEDIATE_ASSIGNMENT + MS->>BSS: SABM (SERV_REQ) + BSS->>MSC/VLR: COMPLETE_LAYER3_INFORMATION + MSC/VLR-->>BSS: + BSS-->>MS: UA (SERV_REQ) + MSC/VLR-->>BSS: CM_SERVICE_ACCEPTED + BSS-->>MS: + MSC/VLR->>BSS: SETUP + BSS-->>MS: + MSC/VLR-->>BSS: + BSS-->>MS: CALL_PROCEEDING + MSC/VLR->>BSS: LSA_INFORMATION + BSS-->>MS: + MSC/VLR->>BSS: ASSIGNMENT_REQUEST + BSS-->>MS: + MS->>BSS: ASSIGNMENT_COMMAND + BSS-->>MS: + MS->>BSS: SABM + BSS-->>MS: + MS->>BSS: UA + BSS-->>MS: + MS->>BSS: ASSIGNMENT_COMPLETE + BSS->>MSC/VLR: A-ASSIGNMENT_COMPLETE + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling information required for mobile originating call establishment between MS, BSS, and MSC/VLR. + +**Figure 5: Signalling information required for mobile originating call establishment** + +**SYSTEM\_INFO:** The network provides the cell identity and/or LSA ID(s) of the cell, LSA cell reselection parameters and the exclusive access indication. + +**Initial RACH CHANNEL REQUEST:** Standard message. + +**IMMEDIATE\_ASSIGNMENT:** Standard message. + +**SABM (SERV\_REQ):** Standard message. + +**UA (SERV\_REQ):** Standard message. + +**COMPLETE\_LAYER3\_INFORMATION:** The MSC is provided with initial information about the requested service together with the LSA ID(s) of current cell. + +**CM\_SERVICE\_ACCEPT:** Standard message. The service request is acknowledged. Acknowledgement of the service can also be performed by invocation of ciphering mode setting. + +**SETUP:** Standard message. + +**CALL\_PROCEEDING:** Standard message. + +**LSA INFO:** New message including the allowed LSA ID(s), priority of each LSA, the preferential access indicator for each LSA and an indication about the access rights outside these LSA(s) for the service subscriber. This message needs to be sent before Assignment request. Additional messages may be sent anytime during the lifetime of a call. + +**ASSIGNMENT\_REQUEST:** Standard message. + +**ASSIGNMENT\_COMMAND:** Standard message. + +**SABM:** Standard message. + +**UA:** Standard message. + +**ASSIGNMENT\_COMPLETE:** Standard message. + +**A\_ASSIGNMENT\_COMPLETE:** Modified assignment complete including the LSA ID of current cell. + +![Sequence diagram for BSS external handover initiation](8fa679f79a1bb1f527cba9f29e784e89_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant BSS-A + participant MSC-A + participant MSC-B + participant BSS-B + Note left of BSS-A: + BSS-A->>MSC-A: HANDOVER REQUIRED + Note right of MSC-A: + MSC-A->>MSC-B: MAP_PREPAR HANDOVER + Note right of MSC-B: + MSC-B->>BSS-B: HANDOVER REQUEST +``` + +A sequence diagram showing the initiation of a BSS external handover. It involves four lifelines: BSS-A, MSC-A, MSC-B, and BSS-B. The sequence of messages is: BSS-A sends a HANDOVER REQUIRED message to MSC-A; MSC-A sends a MAP\_PREPAR HANDOVER message to MSC-B; MSC-B sends a HANDOVER REQUEST message to BSS-B. + +Sequence diagram for BSS external handover initiation + +**Figure 6: Signalling information required at BSS external handover initiation** + +**HANDOVER REQUIRED:** Standard message. + +**MAP\_PREPARE\_HANDOVER:** Standard message. Including the modified handover request. + +**HANDOVER\_REQUEST:** Modified handover request including the allowed LSA ID(s), priority of each LSA, the preferential access indicator of each LSA and an indication about the access rights outside these LSA(s). + +![Sequence diagram for BSS external handover acknowledgement](40f30e4d577a17052f8b1e6dc802a0d8_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MSC-A + participant MSC-B + participant BSS-B + Note right of BSS-B: + BSS-B->>MSC-B: HANDOVER_REQUEST_ACKNOWLEDGE + Note right of MSC-B: + MSC-B->>MSC-A: MAP_PROCESS_ACCESS_SIGNAL. +``` + +A sequence diagram showing the acknowledgement of a BSS external handover. It involves three lifelines: MSC-A, MSC-B, and BSS-B. The sequence of messages is: BSS-B sends a HANDOVER\_REQUEST\_ACKNOWLEDGE message to MSC-B; MSC-B sends a MAP\_PROCESS\_ACCESS\_SIGNAL message to MSC-A. + +Sequence diagram for BSS external handover acknowledgement + +**Figure 7: Signalling information required at BSS external handover acknowledgement** + +**HANDOVER\_REQUEST\_ACKNOWLEDGE:** Modified handover request acknowledge including the LSA ID of current cell. + +**MAP\_PROCESS\_ACCESS\_SIGNALLING request:** Standard message. Including the modified handover request acknowledge. + +![Sequence diagram for BSS internal handover showing four lifelines: MS, BSS-B, MSC-B, and MSC-A. The sequence of messages is: MS sends HANDOVER COMPLETE to BSS-B; BSS-B sends HANDOVER PERFORMED to MSC-B; MSC-B sends MAP PROCESS ACCESS_SIGNAL to MSC-A.](81a4cbf0b3c4cbc065efdf8f800dadde_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS-B + participant MSC-B + participant MSC-A + MS->>BSS-B: HANDOVER COMPLETE + BSS-B->>MSC-B: HANDOVER PERFORMED + MSC-B->>MSC-A: MAP PROCESS ACCESS_SIGNAL + +``` + +Sequence diagram for BSS internal handover showing four lifelines: MS, BSS-B, MSC-B, and MSC-A. The sequence of messages is: MS sends HANDOVER COMPLETE to BSS-B; BSS-B sends HANDOVER PERFORMED to MSC-B; MSC-B sends MAP PROCESS ACCESS\_SIGNAL to MSC-A. + +Figure 8: Signalling information required at BSS internal handover + +**HANDOVER\_COMPLETE:** Standard message. + +**HANDOVER\_PERFORMED:** Modified handover performed including the LSA ID of current cell. + +**MAP\_PROCESS\_ACCESS\_SIGNALLING request:** Standard message. Including the modified handover performed. + +![Sequence diagram for notification of LSA change in active mode showing three lifelines: MS, BSS, and MSC. The sequence of messages is: MSC sends MM_INFORMATION to BSS; BSS sends MM_INFORMATION to MS.](1a85642ed2356d183ce598f2c8b3ee8b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS + participant MSC + MSC->>BSS: MM_INFORMATION + BSS->>MS: MM_INFORMATION + +``` + +Sequence diagram for notification of LSA change in active mode showing three lifelines: MS, BSS, and MSC. The sequence of messages is: MSC sends MM\_INFORMATION to BSS; BSS sends MM\_INFORMATION to MS. + +Figure 9: Signalling information required at notification of LSA change in active mode + +**MM\_INFORMATION:** Modified MM-INFORMATION message including the LSA ID of current cell. + +# 12 Charging + +## 12.1 General principles + +Using LSA as a location based charging can be realised. Different charging can be applied with respect to different LSAs, which shall also include the possibility to change charging when moving between LSAs with different tariffs associated. LSAs with higher priority may be associated with different tariffs. + +## 12.2 Toll ticketing + +Appropriate information concerning the change of charging due to the LSA change shall also be included in the charging record (toll ticket). + +# Annex A (informative): SoLSA interworking with CAMEL + +This Annex is informative. + +*Regarding the SoLSA network architecture SMG12 has decided that:* + +- *the HLR solution is chosen for SoLSA* +- *CAMEL phase 3 will be improved in the 99 release so that it fully utilises the SoLSA benefits.* + +This annex collects the optional functional enhancements for CAMEL required to enable CAMEL interworking with SoLSA. These enhancements are expected to be included in CAMEL phase3 in Release 99. + +## A.1 Subscriber information for Localised Service Area + +Subscriber specific information LSA information is stored and managed in the HLR. Application related LSA information is stored in appropriate service platform, e.g. in the CAMEL Service Environment. + +## A.2 Network Architecture + +![Figure A1: NW architecture including SoLSA related enhancements on CAMEL Service Environment. The diagram shows the network architecture with various components and their interactions for SoLSA.](5fbb4f0de01736f1293333e599410c99_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the network architecture for SoLSA interworking with CAMEL. It includes the following components and interactions: + +- MS (Mobile Station):** + - Receives **SIM ATK SIM data download (optional)** and **LSA Subscription Information** from the Service Mgmt. + - Stores **LSA data stored in SIM**. + - Receives **BCCH** information from the BTS, including: + - LSA cell reselection parameters + - LSA id list (optional) + - Cell id (optional) + - Receives **Idle mode support and indication** from the BTS. +- BTS (Base Transceiver Station):** + - Connected to the MS and the BSC. + - Provides **Idle mode support and indication** to the MS. +- BSC (Base Station Controller):** + - Connected to the BTS, Service Mgmt, MSC VLR SSP, and SGSN. + - Receives **LSA definition** from the Service Mgmt, including: + - LSA ID – cell id mapping + - Set exclusive access cells + - Set cell reselection parameters + - Sends **LSA ID(s) of current cell** to the MSC VLR SSP and the SGSN. + - Sends **Subscribers LSA Data** to the SGSN. +- Service Mgmt:** + - Connected to the MS, BSC, MSC VLR SSP, CSE, and HLR. + - Sends **SIM ATK SIM data download (optional)** and **LSA Subscription Information** to the MS. + - Sends **LSA definition** to the BSC. + - Sends **LSA Subscription Information** to the CSE and the HLR. + - Participates in **Create and download LSA information** with the CSE. +- MSC VLR SSP:** + - Connected to the BSC, CSE, and HLR. + - Receives **LSA ID(s) of current cell** from the BSC. + - Sends **Subscribers LSA Data** to the HLR. + - Receives **MAP** messages from the HLR. + - Receives **CAP** messages from the CSE. +- SGSN:** + - Connected to the BSC and the HLR. + - Receives **LSA ID(s) of current cell** from the BSC. + - Receives **Subscribers LSA Data** from the BSC. + - Sends **Subscribers LSA Data (relevant in the SGSN)** to the HLR. + - Receives **MAP** messages from the HLR. +- CSE (CAMEL Service Environment):** + - Connected to the Service Mgmt and the MSC VLR SSP. + - Participates in **Create and download LSA information** with the Service Mgmt. + - Sends **CAP** messages to the MSC VLR SSP. +- HLR (Home Location Register):** + - Connected to the Service Mgmt, MSC VLR SSP, and SGSN. + - Receives **LSA Subscription Information** from the Service Mgmt. + - Receives **Subscribers LSA Data** from the MSC VLR SSP and the SGSN. + - Sends **MAP** messages to the MSC VLR SSP and the SGSN. + +**Active mode support** is indicated for the BSC, MSC VLR SSP, and SGSN. + +Figure A1: NW architecture including SoLSA related enhancements on CAMEL Service Environment. The diagram shows the network architecture with various components and their interactions for SoLSA. + +Figure A1: NW architecture including SoLSA related enhancements on CAMEL Service Environment + +## A.3 Signalling Interworking + +![Sequence diagram showing signalling interworking at Mobile Originating Call Establishment with applications on CAMEL Service Environment. The diagram involves four lifelines: MS, BSS, MSC/VLR, and gsmSCF. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS to BSS: SYSTEM INFO; 2. MS to BSS: RACH; 3. BSS to MS: IMM_ASS; 4. MS to BSS: SABM (SERV_REQ); 5. BSS to MSC/VLR: COM_L3_INFO; 6. BSS to MS: UA (SERV_REQ); 7. MSC/VLR to BSS: CM_SERV_ACC; 8. MS to MSC/VLR: SETUP; 9. MSC/VLR to gsmSCF: INITIAL DP; 10. gsmSCF to MSC/VLR: CONTINUE/CONNECT; 11. MSC/VLR to MS: CALL PROCEEDING; 12. MSC/VLR to BSS: LSA_INFO; 13. MSC/VLR to BSS: ASS_REQ; 14. BSS to MS: ASS_CMD; 15. MS to BSS: SABM; 16. BSS to MS: UA; 17. MS to BSS: Air_ASS_COM; 18. BSS to MSC/VLR: A-ASS_COM.](09955ff8214ffb6947951fc0f60eb6ab_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS + participant MSC/VLR + participant gsmSCF + Note left of MS: MS + MS->>BSS: SYSTEM INFO + MS->>BSS: RACH + BSS-->>MS: IMM_ASS + MS->>BSS: SABM (SERV_REQ) + BSS->>MSC/VLR: COM_L3_INFO + BSS-->>MS: UA (SERV_REQ) + MSC/VLR-->>BSS: CM_SERV_ACC + MS->>MSC/VLR: SETUP + MSC/VLR->>gsmSCF: INITIAL DP + gsmSCF->>MSC/VLR: CONTINUE/CONNECT + MSC/VLR-->>MS: CALL PROCEEDING + MSC/VLR->>BSS: LSA_INFO + MSC/VLR->>BSS: ASS_REQ + BSS-->>MS: ASS_CMD + MS->>BSS: SABM + BSS-->>MS: UA + MS->>BSS: Air_ASS_COM + BSS->>MSC/VLR: A-ASS_COM + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing signalling interworking at Mobile Originating Call Establishment with applications on CAMEL Service Environment. The diagram involves four lifelines: MS, BSS, MSC/VLR, and gsmSCF. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS to BSS: SYSTEM INFO; 2. MS to BSS: RACH; 3. BSS to MS: IMM\_ASS; 4. MS to BSS: SABM (SERV\_REQ); 5. BSS to MSC/VLR: COM\_L3\_INFO; 6. BSS to MS: UA (SERV\_REQ); 7. MSC/VLR to BSS: CM\_SERV\_ACC; 8. MS to MSC/VLR: SETUP; 9. MSC/VLR to gsmSCF: INITIAL DP; 10. gsmSCF to MSC/VLR: CONTINUE/CONNECT; 11. MSC/VLR to MS: CALL PROCEEDING; 12. MSC/VLR to BSS: LSA\_INFO; 13. MSC/VLR to BSS: ASS\_REQ; 14. BSS to MS: ASS\_CMD; 15. MS to BSS: SABM; 16. BSS to MS: UA; 17. MS to BSS: Air\_ASS\_COM; 18. BSS to MSC/VLR: A-ASS\_COM. + +**Figure A2: Signalling interworking at Mobile Originating Call Establishment with applications on CAMEL Service Environment** + +**SYSTEM\_INFO:** The network provides the cell identity and/or LSA ID(s) of the cell, LSA cell reselection parameters and the exclusive access indication. + +**Initial RACH CHAN\_REQ:** Standard message. + +**IMM\_ASS:** Standard message. + +**SABM (SERV\_REQ):** Standard message. + +**UA (SERV\_REQ):** Standard message. + +**COM\_L3\_INFO:** The MSC is provided with initial information about the requested service together with the LSA ID(s) of current cell. + +**CM\_SERV\_ACC:** Standard message. The service request is acknowledged. Acknowledgement of the service can also be performed by invocation of ciphering mode setting. + +**SETUP:** Standard message. + +**INITIALDP:** Modified CAP message indicating that the CAMEL TDP has been met. Additionally the LSA ID(s) of the current cell are sent to the gsmSCF. + +**CONTINUE:** Modified CAP message indicating that the call continues without modifications. + +**CONNECT:** Modified CAP message indicating that the gsmSCF has modified e.g. the destination number. + +**CALL\_PROCEEDING:** Standard message. + +**LSA INFO:** New message including the LSA ID(s), priority of each LSA, the preferential access indicator of each LSA and an indication about the access rights outside these LSA(s) for the service subscriber. This message need to be sent before Assignment Request message. Additional messages may be sent at anytime during the lifetime of a call. + +**ASS\_REQ:** Standard message. + +**ASS\_CMD:** Standard message. + +**SABM:** Standard message. + +**UA:** Standard message. + +**Air\_ASS\_COM:** Standard message. + +**A\_ASS\_COM:** Modified assignment complete including the LSA ID of current cell. + +# Annex B (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | +|----------------|------------------|---------|----|---------|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| TSG SA# | Spec | Version | CR | | New Version | Subject/Comment | +| Jun 1999 | GSM 03.73 | 7.1.0 | | | | Transferred to 3GPP CN | +| CN#04 | 23.073 | | | | 3.0.0 | | +| | 23.073 | 3.0.0 | | | 3.0.1 | References updated from 2G to 3G | +| CN#11 | 23.073 | 3.0.1 | | Rel-4 | 4.0.0 | Release 4 after CN#11 | +| SA#16 | 23.073 to 43.073 | 4.0.0 | | Rel-4 | 4.0.0 | Renumbered 23.073 Rel-4 (version 4.0.0) to 43.073 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b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43130/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3066b910582ebf11928a9a6f85df13a63eee5333 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43130/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,687 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 4 | +| 1 Scope..... | 5 | +| 2 References..... | 5 | +| 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations..... | 5 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Symbols..... | 6 | +| 3.3 Abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 4 Motivation, principles and assumptions..... | 7 | +| 4.1 Motivation ..... | 7 | +| 4.2 Principles..... | 7 | +| 4.3 Void..... | 8 | +| 5 General aspects ..... | 8 | +| 5.1 Network architecture..... | 8 | +| 5.1.1 General ..... | 8 | +| 5.1.2 MS Identifiers in Iu mode..... | 9 | +| 5.1.3 MS Identifiers in A/Gb mode ..... | 10 | +| 5.2 Iur-g interface capabilities..... | 10 | +| 6 I ur Interface Protocols..... | 10 | +| 6.1 General ..... | 10 | +| 6.2 Functions of the Iur-g interface protocols..... | 11 | +| 6.3 Iur-g Interface protocol structure ..... | 11 | +| 6.4 Radio signalling protocols..... | 12 | +| 7 Radio Network Layer: RNSAP protocol ..... | 12 | +| 7.1 General ..... | 12 | +| 7.2 Basic mobility procedures..... | 13 | +| 7.2.1 General ..... | 13 | +| 7.2.2 Paging..... | 13 | +| 7.2.3 Cell Update ..... | 14 | +| 7.2.4 Registration Area Update ..... | 15 | +| 7.2.5 RRC Connection Release ..... | 16 | +| 7.2.6 Radio Resource Reserve Handover..... | 16 | +| 7.2.6.1 General..... | 16 | +| 7.2.6.2 Successful operation ..... | 17 | +| 7.2.6.3 Abnormal conditions..... | 18 | +| 7.2.6.3.1 BSS Radio Resource Reservation Failure..... | 18 | +| 7.2.6.3.2 Handover failure from MS/UE..... | 19 | +| 7.3 Void..... | 20 | +| 7.4 Global procedures ..... | 20 | +| 7.4.1 General ..... | 20 | +| 7.4.2 Error Indication ..... | 20 | +| 7.4.3 Common Measurement Functions..... | 20 | +| 7.4.4 Information Exchange Functions ..... | 21 | +| Annex A (Informative): Change history..... | 22 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document provides an overview of the Iur-g interface. It describes the motivation, principles and functionality of this interface. It does not contain the detailed description, which it is included in the stage 3 Technical Specifications. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905, "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications" +- [2] 3GPP TS 23.236, "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Intra-domain connection of Radio Access Network (RAN) nodes to multiple Core Network (CN) nodes" +- [3] 3GPP TS 25.331, "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; RRC Protocol Specification" +- [4] 3GPP TS 25.420, "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; UTRAN Iur Interface General Aspects and Principles" +- [5] 3GPP TS 25.423, "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; UTRAN Iur Interface RNSAP Signalling" +- [6] 3GPP TS 43.051, "Technical Specification 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network; Overall description - Stage 2; (Release 5)" +- [7] 3GPP TS 44.118, "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group GSM EDGE Radio Access Network; Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification, Radio Resource Control Protocol (RRC); *Iu mode*" + +# --- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following ones apply: + +**A/Gb mode:** mode of operation of the MS when connected to the Core Network via GERAN and the A and/or Gb interfaces. + +**MS:** Unless stated otherwise, this refers with no distinction to both MS and UE. + +**Iu mode:** mode of operation of the MS when connected to the Core Network via GERAN or UTRAN and the Iu interface. + +**RAN node:** a BSS or a RNC. + +## 3.2 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| A | Interface between a BSS and an MSC | +| Gb | Interface between a BSS and an SGSN | +| Iu | Interface between a BSS/RNC and the CN | +| Iur | Interface between two RNSs | +| Iur-g | Interface between two BSSs or between a BSS and an RNS | +| Um | Interface between a GERAN MS and a BSS | +| Uu | Interface between a UE and the RNS | + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|-------|------------------------------------------| +| BSC | Base Station Controller | +| BSS | Base Station Sub-system | +| CBSS | Controlling Base Station Sub-system | +| CN | Core Network | +| CRNC | Controlling Radio Network Controller | +| GERAN | GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network | +| GPRS | General Packet Radio Service | +| GRA | GERAN Registration Area | +| LA | Location Area | +| MS | Mobile Station | +| MSC | Mobile Switching Centre | +| NACC | Network Assisted Cell Change | +| NNSF | NAS Node Selection Function | +| RA | Routeing Area | +| RAN | Radio Access Network | +| RNC | Radio Network Controller | +| RNS | Radio Network Sub-system | +| RNSAP | Radio Network Subsystem Application Part | +| RNTI | Radio Network Temporary Identity | +| RRA | RAN Registration Area | +| RRM | Radio Resource Management | +| SBSC | Serving BSC | +| SBSS | Serving BSS | +| SGSN | Serving GPRS Support Node | +| SRNC | Serving RNC | +| TBSS | Target BSS | +| UE | User Equipment | +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telephony System | +| URA | UTRAN Registration Area | +| UTRAN | UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network | + +# --- 4 Motivation, principles and assumptions + +## 4.1 Motivation + +As part of the work to connect GERAN via the Iu interface to the CN, the GRA and RNTI concepts have also been adopted for the GERAN. With these concepts, an inactive mobile in the RRC-GRA\_PCH state (see 3GPP TS 44.118 [7]) will perform signalling to the network whenever it changes the GRA. Since GRAs need not be constrained by BSC coverage areas, it is possible that the MS reselects a cell on a different BSC but on the same GRA. In order maintain the ability to page the mobile in the GRA with the correct RNTI, as well as to enable a path for a GRA update procedure with the serving BSC, it is necessary to have an Iur-g interface between the BSSs. + +The same principle applies for dual-RAN capable mobiles. The architecture specifications permit network operators to design networks that alleviate the potential problem caused by dual mode mobiles frequently toggling between UTRAN + +and GERAN coverage areas (e.g. in indoor coverage situations): for instance, common LAIs and RAI for GERAN and UTRAN cells in the same geographical area. Defining GERAN and UTRAN cells in common LAs and RAs permits an inactive mobile to change from GERAN to UTRAN coverage or, vice versa, without any signalling to the network. Prior to Release 5, this is possible because GSM/GPRS does not use the connection oriented Iu interface. From Release 5 on, an *inactive* MS would signal to the network when a cell change involving change of RAN takes place. To prevent this, operators may configure GRA IDs and URA IDs to indicate the same registration area. To enable paging across these registration areas, as well as to enable the possibility to perform GRA/URA update procedures with the serving BSC/RNC, it is necessary to have an Iur-g interface between the BSS and the RNC. + +The definition of GRAs/URAs has the following benefits: + +- It increases the MT call success rate: by reducing the frequency of updates, it reduces the time during which the MS is believed by the RAN to be in the old registration area, when paging requests would fail. +- It reduces the amount of signalling on the radio interface, since the mobile does not need to indicate cell changes when moving within a GRA/URA. +- For the same reason, it reduces the amount of signalling in the network, thus decreasing the number of updates and of SRNC/SBSC relocation procedures. + +The Iur-g may bring other benefits: + +- Support for the SRNC/SBSC relocation procedure: the current SRNS relocation procedure defined for UTRAN using the Iur interface could be reused, improving the performance of the procedure. The Cell Update and Relocation Commit messages could be transferred over this interface. + +## 4.2 Principles + +The Iur-g interface shall be designed based on the following principles: + +- The Iur-g interface shall be open. +- From a logical standpoint, this interface is a point to point interface between one BSS and one BSS or RNC within a PLMN. From a physical point of view, the interface could share Iu or other transmission resources. +- The Iur-g interface is optional. The presence of the Iur-g shall be transparent to the MS: the 3GPP specifications shall ensure that all mobiles function correctly irrespective of the presence or absence of the Iur-g interface. +- This interface shall support the exchange of signalling information between a BSS and a BSC/RNC. The Iur-g interface shall not carry user information. +- A GRA contains one or more GERAN cells and zero or more UTRAN cells. A URA contains one or more UTRAN cells and zero or more GERAN cells. + +NOTE: The term RAN Registration Area (RRA) is used in this document to refer to a registration area irrespective of whether it contains GERAN cells, UTRAN cells or both types of cells. The terms GRA and URA will be used in GERAN and UTRAN specifications, respectively, where GRAs may contain UTRAN cells and URAs may contain GERAN cells. + +- In *Iu mode*, the BSC has been allocated an identifier (BSC-Id) from the same pool of numbers as the RNC-Id. + +## 4.3 Void + +# 5 General aspects + +## 5.1 Network architecture + +### 5.1.1 General + +The Iur-g interface is the logical interface between two BSSs in *Iu mode* or between an RNS and a BSS in *Iu mode* or between a BSS in *A/Gb mode* and a UTRA-NTDD RNS. The different Iur-g interface combinations are depicted in Figure 1 and Figure 1a. + +![Figure 1: Reference architecture for the Iur-g interface (BSS in Iu mode).](07b17a620c75522d53916a11e12d1bff_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the network architecture for the Iur-g interface in Iu mode. At the top is a grey box labeled '3G Core Network'. Below it, three components are connected to the core network via 'Iu' interfaces: a 'GERAN' box containing a 'BSS', another 'BSS', and a 'UTRAN' box containing an 'RNS'. The two 'BSS' units are connected to each other by a horizontal 'Iur-g' interface. The second 'BSS' is also connected to the 'RNS' by another horizontal 'Iur-g' interface. Below the second 'BSS', a box labeled 'MS/UE' is connected via a 'Um' interface. + +Figure 1: Reference architecture for the Iur-g interface (BSS in Iu mode). + +Figure 1: Reference architecture for the Iur-g interface (BSS in Iu mode). + +![Figure 1a: Reference architecture for the Iur-g interface (BSS in A/Gb mode).](731f533b0599c8e42a063f06e4332045_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the network architecture for the Iur-g interface in A/Gb mode. At the top is a grey box labeled '3G/2G Core Network'. Below it, three components are connected to the core network: a 'GERAN' box containing a 'BSS' (connected via 'A' and 'Gb' interfaces), another 'BSS' (connected via 'A' and 'Gb' interfaces), and a 'UTRA-NTDD' box containing an 'RNS' (connected via an 'Iu' interface). The two 'BSS' units are connected to each other by a horizontal 'Iur-g' interface. The second 'BSS' is also connected to the 'RNS' by another horizontal 'Iur-g' interface. Below the second 'BSS', a box labeled 'MS/UE' is connected via a 'Um' interface. + +Figure 1a: Reference architecture for the Iur-g interface (BSS in A/Gb mode). + +Figure 1a: Reference architecture for the Iur-g interface (BSS in A/Gb mode) + +### 5.1.2 MS Identifiers in Iu mode + +The Radio Network Temporary Identities (RNTI) are used as MS/UE identifiers within the GERAN/UTRAN and in signalling messages between MS/UE and GERAN. Four types of RNTI exist: + +- 1) Serving BSS/RNC RNTI (S-RNTI); +- 2) Drift BSS/RNC RNTI (D-RNTI); +- 3) Cell RNTI (C-RNTI); +- 4) UTRAN RNTI (U-RNTI) or GERAN RNTI (G-RNTI); + +The S-RNTI is used: + +- by the MS/UE to identify itself to the Serving BSS/RNC; +- by the SBSS/SRNC to address the MS/UE; and +- by the DBSS/DRNC to identify the MS/UE to serving BSS/RNC. + +The S-RNTI is allocated for all MSs/UEs having an RRC connection. It is allocated by the serving BSS/RNC and it is unique within the serving BSS/RNC. The S-RNTI is reallocated always when the serving BSS/RNC for the RRC connection is changed. + +The D-RNTI is used by the serving BSS/RNC to identify the MS/UE to the drift BSS/RNC. + +NOTE: The D-RNTI is never used on the Um/Uu interface. + +The D-RNTI is allocated by the drift BSS/RNC upon drift MS/UE contexts establishment and it shall be unique within the drift BSS/RNC. Serving BSS/RNC shall know the mapping between the S-RNTI and the D-RNTIs allocated in the drift BSS for the same MS/UE. The drift BSS/RNC shall know the S-RNTI and SBSS-ID/RNC-ID related to the existing D-RNTI within the drift BSS/RNC. + +The C-RNTI is used this identifier is used only in UTRAN: + +- in case of the Iur-g interface between UTRAN and GERAN (specifically the case of a SBSS and DRNC); +- by the UE to identify itself to the controlling RNC; and +- by the controlling RNC to address the UE. + +The C-RNTI is allocated by the controlling RNC upon UE accessing a new cell. The C-RNTI shall be unique within the accessed cell. The controlling RNC shall know the D-RNTI associated to the C-RNTI within the same logical RNC (if any). + +The G-RNTI/U-RNTI is allocated to an MS/UE having an RRC connection and it identifies the MS/UE within GERAN/UTRAN. The G-RNTI/U-RNTI is composed of: + +- SBSS/SRNC identity; and +- S-RNTI. + +Each BSS/RNC has a unique identifier within the GERAN/UTRAN part of the PLMN, denoted by BSS/RNC identifier (BSS-ID/RNC-ID). This identifier is used to route GERAN/UTRAN interface messages to the correct BSS/RNC. The BSS-ID/RNC-ID of the serving BSS/RNC together with the S-RNTI is a unique identifier of the MS/UE in the GERAN/UTRAN part of the PLMN. + +From this architecture, there are three possible scenarios for a particular MS/UE: + +- a) Both the serving and the controlling RAN nodes are BSCs. +- b) The serving RAN node is a BSC and the controlling RAN node is an RNC. +- c) The serving RAN node is an RNC and the controlling RAN node is a BSC. + +These scenarios are shown in Figure 2. + +![Figure 2: Scenarios using the Iur-g interface (BSS in Iu mode). The diagram shows three network architectures: a) 3G Core Network with GERAN (CBSS) and UTRAN (SBSS) connected via Iur-g, both connected to the core via Iu. An RNS is also connected to the core via Iu. MS/UE is connected to CBSS via Um. b) 2G/3G Core Network with GERAN (BSS) and UTRAN (SBSS) connected via Iur-g, both connected to the core via Iu. A CRNS is connected to the core via Iu. MS/UE is connected to SBSS via Uu. c) 3G/2G Core Network with GERAN (BSS) and UTRAN (CBSS) connected via Iur-g, both connected to the core via Iu. An SRNS is connected to the core via Iu. MS/UE is connected to CBSS via Um.](daa4a6fa7e2ba1954258f86b4928eb32_img.jpg) + +Figure 2: Scenarios using the Iur-g interface (BSS in Iu mode). The diagram shows three network architectures: a) 3G Core Network with GERAN (CBSS) and UTRAN (SBSS) connected via Iur-g, both connected to the core via Iu. An RNS is also connected to the core via Iu. MS/UE is connected to CBSS via Um. b) 2G/3G Core Network with GERAN (BSS) and UTRAN (SBSS) connected via Iur-g, both connected to the core via Iu. A CRNS is connected to the core via Iu. MS/UE is connected to SBSS via Uu. c) 3G/2G Core Network with GERAN (BSS) and UTRAN (CBSS) connected via Iur-g, both connected to the core via Iu. An SRNS is connected to the core via Iu. MS/UE is connected to CBSS via Um. + +Figure 2: Scenarios using the Iur-g interface (BSS in *Iu mode*) + +### 5.1.3 MS Identifiers in A/Gb mode + +The Radio Network Temporary Identity (RNTI) is used as a MS/UE identifier within the GERAN/UTRAN. One type of RNTI exists: + +- Drift RNTI (D-RNTI) + +The D-RNTI is allocated by the TBSS and is used to identify the MS/UE during a handover via the Iur-g interface. + +There is one possible scenario in which the D-RNTI is used: + +- The serving RAN node is a UTRA-NTDD RNC and the target RAN node is a BSS + +![Figure 2a: Scenario using the Iur-g interface (BSS in A/Gb mode). The diagram shows a 3G/2G Core Network connected to GERAN (BSS) via A and Gb interfaces, and to UTRAN (TBSS) via A and Gb interfaces. The TBSS is connected to UTRAN (SRNS) via Iur-g. The SRNS is connected to the core via Iu. MS/UE is connected to the SRNS via Uu.](fc69ceb1dee1da7e33bd6c38fc4ceab9_img.jpg) + +Figure 2a: Scenario using the Iur-g interface (BSS in A/Gb mode). The diagram shows a 3G/2G Core Network connected to GERAN (BSS) via A and Gb interfaces, and to UTRAN (TBSS) via A and Gb interfaces. The TBSS is connected to UTRAN (SRNS) via Iur-g. The SRNS is connected to the core via Iu. MS/UE is connected to the SRNS via Uu. + +Figure 2a: Scenario using the Iur-g interface (BSS in *A/Gb mode*) + +## 5.2 Iur-g interface capabilities + +The Iur-g interface provides capability to support radio interface mobility between BSSs or between a BSS and an RNS of UEs having a connection with the GERAN or the UTRAN. This capability includes the support of paging, cell update, registration area update and handover between BSSs or between a BSS and an RNS. Further, Iur-g interface provides capability to support information exchange between two BSSs or between a BSS and RNS. + +# 6 Iur Interface Protocols + +## 6.1 General + +There shall exist a clear separation between the Radio Network Layer and the Transport Layer. Therefore, the radio network signalling is separated from the data transport resource and traffic handling as shown in Figure 3. This separation is also present in the Iur interface (see 3GPP TS 25.420 [4]). + +Since the Iur-g does not carry user data information, neither data transport resources nor Transport Signalling are present on this interface. These elements, present in the Iur interface but not in the Iur-g, are shown in dotted lines in Figure 3. + +![Figure 3: Separation of Radio Network Protocols and transport over Iur-g. The diagram shows two layers: Radio Network Layer and Transport Layer. The Radio Network Layer contains two circles: 'Radio Signalling Protocols' and 'User Plane Framing Protocols'. The Transport Layer contains two boxes: 'Signalling Bearer' and 'Data Transport'. Solid arrows connect the Radio Network Layer to the Transport Layer: 'Radio Signalling Protocols' to 'Signalling Bearer' and 'User Plane Framing Protocols' to 'Data Transport'. Dotted lines connect 'Transport Signalling' (a dashed box) to both 'Signalling Bearer' and 'Data Transport'.](d26959f4514c26ca19c3d6f00da85956_img.jpg) + +Figure 3: Separation of Radio Network Protocols and transport over Iur-g. The diagram shows two layers: Radio Network Layer and Transport Layer. The Radio Network Layer contains two circles: 'Radio Signalling Protocols' and 'User Plane Framing Protocols'. The Transport Layer contains two boxes: 'Signalling Bearer' and 'Data Transport'. Solid arrows connect the Radio Network Layer to the Transport Layer: 'Radio Signalling Protocols' to 'Signalling Bearer' and 'User Plane Framing Protocols' to 'Data Transport'. Dotted lines connect 'Transport Signalling' (a dashed box) to both 'Signalling Bearer' and 'Data Transport'. + +**Figure 3: Separation of Radio Network Protocols and transport over Iur-g.** + +The following Table lists all stage 3 specifications that are used for Iur-g interface: + +**Table 1: Stage 3 Iur-g interface specifications** + +| Spec. No | Spec. Name | +|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| TS 25.401 | UTRAN Overall Description | +| TS 25.420 | UTRAN Iur Interface: General Aspects and Principles | +| TS 25.421 | UTRAN Iur interface Layer 1 | +| TS 25.422 | UTRAN Iur Interface Signalling Transport | +| TS 25.423 | UTRAN Iur Interface RNSAP Signalling | + +## 6.2 Functions of the Iur-g interface protocols + +The list of functions on the Iur-g interface is the following: + +- **Paging.** This function allows the SBSS/SRNC to page a MS/UE in a GRA/URA or a cell in the DBSS/DRNS; +- **Relocation Execution.** This function allows the SBSS/SRNC to finalise a Relocation previously prepared via other interfaces; +- **Reporting of General Error Situations.** This function allows reporting of general error situations, for which function specific error messages have not been defined. +- **Measurements on Common Resources.** This function allows an BSS/RNC to request from another BSS/RNC to initiate measurements on Common Resources. The function also allows the requested BSS/RNC to report the result of the measurements. + +**Radio Resource Reserve Handover.** This function allows the SRNC to request allocation of radio resources in the TBSS prior to the HANDOVER REQUEST message is received from the Core Network. + +## 6.3 Iur-g Interface protocol structure + +The Iur interface protocol architecture consists of two functional layers: + +- **Radio Network Layer:** it defines the procedures related to the interaction of two BSSs or between a BSS and an RNC within a PLMN. The radio network layer consists of a Radio Network Control Plane and a Radio Network User Plane. The functionality of the Radio Network User Plane of the Iur-g interface is null. +- **Transport Layer:** it consists of two planes: + +- a) **Transport Network Control Plane:** it defines procedures for establishing physical connections between two BSSs or between a BSS and an RNC within a PLMN. The functionality of the Transport Network Control Plane of the Iur-g interface is null. +- b) **Transport Network User Plane:** it provides means for the transport of the Radio Network Layer information. + +![Figure 4: Iur-g interface protocol structure. The diagram shows a layered protocol stack. At the top is the Radio Network Layer, containing the Control Plane with RNSAP. Below it is the Transport Network Layer, which is split into the Transport Network Control Plane (empty) and the Transport Network User Plane. The User Plane contains a stack of protocols: SCCP, followed by a row with MTP3-B, M3UA, and M3UA; then a row with SSCF-NNI, SCTP, and SCTP; then a row with SSCOP, IP, and IP; then AAL5; then ATM and Data Link. At the bottom is the Physical layer. Arrows indicate data flow from RNSAP down through the User Plane protocols to the Physical layer.](1439cb942d9e363bbb3161b5540dd8c6_img.jpg) + +Figure 4: Iur-g interface protocol structure. The diagram shows a layered protocol stack. At the top is the Radio Network Layer, containing the Control Plane with RNSAP. Below it is the Transport Network Layer, which is split into the Transport Network Control Plane (empty) and the Transport Network User Plane. The User Plane contains a stack of protocols: SCCP, followed by a row with MTP3-B, M3UA, and M3UA; then a row with SSCF-NNI, SCTP, and SCTP; then a row with SSCOP, IP, and IP; then AAL5; then ATM and Data Link. At the bottom is the Physical layer. Arrows indicate data flow from RNSAP down through the User Plane protocols to the Physical layer. + +Figure 4: Iur-g interface protocol structure. + +## 6.4 Radio signalling protocols + +The protocol responsible for providing signalling information across the Iur-g interface is a sub-set of the Radio Network Subsystem Application Part (RNSAP) (see 3GPP TS 25.423 [5]). This subset of RNSAP is terminated by two BSSs or by the BSS and RNC inter-connected via the Iur-g interface. + +The subset of RNSAP procedures applicable to the Iur-g interface are divided into two modules as follows: + +1. **RNSAP Basic Mobility Procedures:** these procedures are used to handle the mobility within GERAN or between GERAN and UTRAN. +2. **RNSAP Global Procedures:** these procedures are not related to a specific MS. The procedures in this module are in contrast to the above module involving two peer CBSSs or a CBSS and a CRNC. + +# 7 Radio Network Layer: RNSAP protocol + +## 7.1 General + +The following sub-clauses describe the applicability of the procedures that are supported on the Iur-g interface. The actual Iur-g interface procedures are further described in 3GPP TS 25.423 [5]. These sub-clauses show those procedures integrated with procedures on other interfaces and/or events in other network entities than the BSS or the RNC. + +## 7.2 Basic mobility procedures + +### 7.2.1 General + +The Iur-g interface has no Radio Network User Plane functionality. + +In Iu mode, SBSS/SRNS relocation is performed during every Cell Update procedure. Therefore, the only state when the MS is simultaneously known by two BSSs or one BSS and one RNC is in GERAN RRC-GRA\_PCH state and UTRAN URA\_PCH state. + +In the GERAN RRC-GRA\_PCH and UTRAN URA\_PCH states, the following procedures related to the mobility of the MS are supported over the Iur-g interface: + +- Paging; +- Cell Update; +- Registration Area Update; and +- RRC Connection Release. + +In *A/Gb mode*, the following procedure related to the mobility of the MS is supported over the Iur-g interface: + +- Radio Resource Reserve Handover. + +The following sub-clauses describe how these procedures are performed over the Iur-g interface. + +Elementary procedures over the Iur-g interface that support above mentioned mobility procedures are specified in 3GPP TS 25.423 [5] and are listed in the table below categorized by *Iu mode* and *A/Gb mode* respectively: + +**Table 2: Iur-g basic mobility procedures** + +| Elementary Procedure | Initiating Message | Allowed Operating Mode for BSS | +|--------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|--------------------------------| +| Uplink Signalling Transfer | GERAN UPLINK SIGNALLING TRANSFER INDICATION | Iu mode only | +| Downlink Signalling Transfer | DOWNLINK SIGNALLING TRANSFER REQUEST | Iu mode only | +| Relocation Commit | RELOCATION COMMIT | Both Iu mode and A/Gb mode | +| Paging | PAGING REQUEST | Iu mode only | +| Enhanced Relocation Resource Reserve | ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE REQUEST | A/Gb mode only | +| Enhanced Relocation Resource Release | ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMMAND | A/Gb mode only | + +### 7.2.2 Paging + +The MS/UE in the RRC-GRA\_PCH and URA\_PCH states may receive a CN initiated paging message. The Paging Request message received by the serving node (BSS or RNC) shall trigger paging over the registration area. In case registration area consists of cells belonging to different BSS/RNC, then the RNSAP Paging procedure over the Iur-g interface is used.. This procedure is used by the SBSS/SRNC to indicate to a CBSS/CRNC that an MS shall be paged in a cell or GRA/URA that is under the control of the CBSS/CRNC. + +To illustrate further the usage of this procedure the following figure describes a scenario when the MS/UE has a context active towards PS domain and paging request is issued by the CS domain. + +![Sequence diagram showing the paging procedure over Iur-g between CN, SBSS/SR, CBSS/CR, and MS.](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant CBSS/CR + participant SBSS/SR + participant CN + CN->>SBSS/SR: 1. RANAP: Paging + SBSS/SR->>CBSS/CR: 2. RNSAP: Paging + CBSS/CR->>MS: 3. RRC: Paging + +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of three messages for paging over the Iur-g interface. It involves four entities: MS (Mobile Station), CBSS/CR (Controlling Base Station Subsystem / Controlling RNC), SBSS/SR (Serving Base Station Subsystem / Serving RNC), and CN (Core Network). The sequence is as follows: 1. The CN sends a RANAP: Paging message to the SBSS/SR. 2. The SBSS/SR then sends an RNSAP: Paging message to the CBSS/CR. 3. Finally, the CBSS/CR sends an RRC: Paging message to the MS. + +Sequence diagram showing the paging procedure over Iur-g between CN, SBSS/SR, CBSS/CR, and MS. + +**Figure 5: Example of Paging over Iur-g** + +### 7.2.3 Cell Update + +In the RRC-GRA\_PCH or URA\_PCH states the MS/UE may initiate the Cell Update procedure for reasons of uplink activity, whether that is an answer to a page, periodic cell update or uplink data transfer. As explained in sub-clause 4.3, a Cell Update procedure shall always trigger the SRNC/SBSS relocation. The following figure describes the signalling flow for Cell Update procedure. + +![Sequence diagram for Cell Update with Relocation (Simplified). The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, DBSS/DRNC, SBSS/SRNC, and CN. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS to DBSS/DRNC: RRC: Cell Update; 2. DBSS/DRNC to SBSS/SRNC: RNSAP: Uplink Signalling Transfer Indication; 3. SBSS/SRNC to CN: RANAP: Relocation Required; 4. CN to DBSS/DRNC: RANAP: Relocation Request; 5. DBSS/DRNC to CN: RANAP: Relocation Request ACK; 6. CN to SBSS/SRNC: RANAP: Relocation Command; 7. SBSS/SRNC to DBSS/DRNC: RNSAP: Relocation Commit; 8. DBSS/DRNC to CN: RANAP: Relocation Complete; A note indicates 'Now DRNC/DBSS becomes SRNC/SBSS'; 9. DBSS/DRNC to MS: RRC: Cell Update Confirm; 10. MS to DBSS/DRNC: RRC: GERAN Mobility Information Confirm.](7efae06af3af43ffe5d4b956a679cf54_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant DBSS/DRNC + participant SBSS/SRNC + participant CN + MS->>DBSS/DRNC: 1. RRC: Cell Update + DBSS/DRNC->>SBSS/SRNC: 2. RNSAP: Uplink Signalling Transfer Indication + SBSS/SRNC->>CN: 3. RANAP: Relocation Required + CN->>DBSS/DRNC: 4. RANAP: Relocation Request + DBSS/DRNC->>CN: 5. RANAP: Relocation Request ACK + CN->>SBSS/SRNC: 6. RANAP: Relocation Command + SBSS/SRNC->>DBSS/DRNC: 7. RNSAP: Relocation Commit + DBSS/DRNC->>CN: 8. RANAP: Relocation Complete + Note over DBSS/DRNC, SBSS/SRNC: Now DRNC/DBSS becomes SRNC/SBSS + DBSS/DRNC->>MS: 9. RRC: Cell Update Confirm + MS->>DBSS/DRNC: 10. RRC: GERAN Mobility Information Confirm + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Cell Update with Relocation (Simplified). The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, DBSS/DRNC, SBSS/SRNC, and CN. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS to DBSS/DRNC: RRC: Cell Update; 2. DBSS/DRNC to SBSS/SRNC: RNSAP: Uplink Signalling Transfer Indication; 3. SBSS/SRNC to CN: RANAP: Relocation Required; 4. CN to DBSS/DRNC: RANAP: Relocation Request; 5. DBSS/DRNC to CN: RANAP: Relocation Request ACK; 6. CN to SBSS/SRNC: RANAP: Relocation Command; 7. SBSS/SRNC to DBSS/DRNC: RNSAP: Relocation Commit; 8. DBSS/DRNC to CN: RANAP: Relocation Complete; A note indicates 'Now DRNC/DBSS becomes SRNC/SBSS'; 9. DBSS/DRNC to MS: RRC: Cell Update Confirm; 10. MS to DBSS/DRNC: RRC: GERAN Mobility Information Confirm. + +**Figure 6: Cell Update with Relocation (Simplified)** + +1. MS/UE in RRC-*GRA\_PCH* and *URA\_PCH* states triggers the Cell Update procedure by sending RRC CELL UPDATE message to the DBSS/DRNC. + - DBSS/DRNC will use RNSAP Uplink Signalling Transfer procedure to forward the Cell Update message to the SBSS/SRNC. The message that is used for this is GERAN Uplink Signalling Transfer Indication. The procedure and the contents of the message are described in 3GPP TS 25.423 [5]. There are two messages already defined one for FDD and one for TDD. In case of the Iur-g interface, RNSAP GERAN UPLINK SIGNALLING TRANSFER INDICATION message (GERAN message) is used. +2. Upon reception of CELL UPDATE message, the SBSS/SRNC shall trigger the SBB/SRNC relocation. Steps 4, 5, and 6 are not relevant for this discussion so they are omitted. +7. The Relocation Commit procedure is used by the source BSS/RNC to execute the relocation. This procedure is described in 3GPP TS 25.423 [5]. The procedure is triggered by the RELOCATION COMMIT message. +9. Assuming a successful relocation the former DBSS/DRNC, the SBSS/SRNC shall send the CELL UPDATE CONFIRM message to the UE/MS. + +### 7.2.4 Registration Area Update + +The MS/UE shall trigger the GRA/URA Update Procedure when there is a change in registration area, or based on the timers related to the periodic GRA/URA update. The following figure shows an example of a successful GRA/URA Update. This example assumes no SBSS/SRNC relocation. + +![Sequence diagram for GRA Update, no relocation (Simplified). The diagram shows four messages between three entities: MS, DBSS/DRN, and SBSS/SRN. 1. MS sends RRC: GRA/URA to DBSS/DRN. 2. DBSS/DRN sends RNSAP: GERAN Uplink Signalling Transfer Indication to SBSS/SRN. 3. SBSS/SRN sends RNSAP: Downlink Signalling Transfer to DBSS/DRN. 4. DBSS/DRN sends RRC: GRA/URA Update to MS.](1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant DBSS/DRN + participant SBSS/SRN + Note left of MS: + MS->>DBSS/DRN: 1. RRC: GRA/URA + DBSS/DRN->>SBSS/SRN: 2. RNSAP: GERAN Uplink Signalling Transfer Indication + SBSS/SRN->>DBSS/DRN: 3. RNSAP: Downlink Signalling Transfer + DBSS/DRN->>MS: 4. RRC: GRA/URA Update + +``` + +Sequence diagram for GRA Update, no relocation (Simplified). The diagram shows four messages between three entities: MS, DBSS/DRN, and SBSS/SRN. 1. MS sends RRC: GRA/URA to DBSS/DRN. 2. DBSS/DRN sends RNSAP: GERAN Uplink Signalling Transfer Indication to SBSS/SRN. 3. SBSS/SRN sends RNSAP: Downlink Signalling Transfer to DBSS/DRN. 4. DBSS/DRN sends RRC: GRA/URA Update to MS. + +**Figure 7: GRA Update, no relocation (Simplified)** + +1. The MS/UE in RRC-GERAN or URA\_PCH states triggers the GRA/URA Update procedure by sending RRC GRA/URA UPDATE message to the DBSS/DRNC. + - The DBSS/DRNC uses RNSAP Uplink Signalling Transfer procedure to forward the GRA/URA UPDATE message to the SBSS/SRNC. The GERAN UPLINK SIGNALLING TRANSFER INDICATION message is used for this. The procedure and the contents of the message are described in 3GPP TS 25.423 [5]. +2. Upon reception of the GERAN UPLINK SIGNALLING TRANSFER INDICATION message containing the RRC GRA/URA UPDATE message, the SBSS/SRNC shall include the GRA/URA UPDATE CONFIRM message and use the Downlink Signalling Transfer procedure to request the DRNC/DBSS the transfer of the message to the MS/UE. The Downlink Signalling Transfer procedure is specified in 3GPP TS 25.423 [5] and it is triggered by DOWNLINK SIGNALLING TRANSFER REQUEST message. The content of this message is specified in 3GPP TS 25.423 [5]. The content of the message should be the same in case of the Iur-g interface, except for C-Id IE. In case of a DRNC, the C-Id is used, while in case of a DBSS, the CI IE shall be used. +3. The DBSS/DRNC shall send the GRA/URA UPDATE CONFIRM message to the UE/MS. + +### 7.2.5 RRC Connection Release + +The SBSS/SRNC may trigger the RRC Connection Release procedure for an MS/UE in RRC-GERAN\_PCH or URA\_PCH states. In order to release the RRC connection, the SBSS/SRNC shall first trigger the paging procedure. The SBSS/SRNC, in response to the Cell Update procedure, may then use the DOWNLINK SIGNALLING TRANSFER INDICATION message to relay the RRC CONNECTION RELEASE message to the MS/UE. + +In addition, the SBSS/SRNC, in response to any Cell Update or GRA/URA Update procedures, may decide to trigger the release of RRC Connection. In that case the SBSS/SRNC shall use the DOWNLINK SIGNALLING TRANSFER INDICATION message to relay the RRC CONNECTION RELEASE message to the MS/UE. + +### 7.2.6 Radio Resource Reserve Handover + +#### 7.2.6.1 General + +This procedure applies to intra and inter-MSC handover in case of CS domain handover/relocation from UTRA-NTDD RNS to GERAN BSS operating in A/Gb mode and it is used on purpose to reduce the handover preparation time when an inter-system CS handover is triggered from an RNS to a BSS. + +This procedure allows the SRNS to request allocation of radio resources in the TBSS for an inter-system CS handover prior to the HANDOVER REQUEST message is received from the Core Network, allowing the SRNS to start the handover command process towards the MS/UE before the reception of the RELOCATION COMMAND message from the Core Network. + +#### 7.2.6.2 Successful operation + +![Sequence diagram for Iur-g HO with radio resource reservation in the TBSS. The diagram shows the interaction between MS/UE, SRNS, CN, and TBSS. The sequence of messages is: 1. MEASUREMENT REPORT (MS/UE to SRNS), 2. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE REQUEST (SRNS to TBSS), 3. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RESPONSE (TBSS to SRNS), 4. HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND (SRNS to MS/UE), 5. RELOCATION REQUIRED (SRNS to CN), 6. HANDOVER REQUEST (CN to TBSS), 7. HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE (TBSS to CN), 8. RELOCATION COMMAND (CN to SRNS), 9. RELOCATION COMMIT (SRNS to TBSS), 10. HANDOVER ACCESS (TBSS to MS/UE), 11. HANDOVER DETECT (TBSS to CN), 12. HANDOVER COMPLETE (CN to MS/UE), 13. HANDOVER COMPLETE (CN to TBSS), 14. IU RELEASE COMMAND (CN to SRNS), 15. IU RELEASE COMPLETE (SRNS to CN).](df82d77a0d2637cbf2da9ea920a554fa_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS/UE + participant SRNS + participant CN + participant TBSS + Note left of MS/UE: 1. MEASUREMENT REPORT + MS/UE->>SRNS: 1. MEASUREMENT REPORT + Note right of SRNS: 2. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE REQUEST + SRNS->>TBSS: 2. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE REQUEST + Note right of TBSS: 3. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RESPONSE + TBSS->>SRNS: 3. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RESPONSE + Note left of SRNS: 4. HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND + SRNS->>MS/UE: 4. HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND + Note right of SRNS: 5. RELOCATION REQUIRED + SRNS->>CN: 5. RELOCATION REQUIRED + Note right of CN: 6. HANDOVER REQUEST + CN->>TBSS: 6. HANDOVER REQUEST + Note right of TBSS: 7. HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE + TBSS->>CN: 7. HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE + Note right of CN: 8. RELOCATION COMMAND + CN->>SRNS: 8. RELOCATION COMMAND + Note right of SRNS: 9. RELOCATION COMMIT + SRNS->>TBSS: 9. RELOCATION COMMIT + Note left of TBSS: 10. HANDOVER ACCESS + TBSS->>MS/UE: 10. HANDOVER ACCESS + Note right of TBSS: 11. HANDOVER DETECT + TBSS->>CN: 11. HANDOVER DETECT + Note left of CN: 12. HANDOVER COMPLETE + CN->>MS/UE: 12. HANDOVER COMPLETE + Note right of CN: 13. HANDOVER COMPLETE + CN->>TBSS: 13. HANDOVER COMPLETE + Note right of CN: 14. IU RELEASE COMMAND + CN->>SRNS: 14. IU RELEASE COMMAND + Note right of SRNS: 15. IU RELEASE COMPLETE + SRNS->>CN: 15. IU RELEASE COMPLETE + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Iur-g HO with radio resource reservation in the TBSS. The diagram shows the interaction between MS/UE, SRNS, CN, and TBSS. The sequence of messages is: 1. MEASUREMENT REPORT (MS/UE to SRNS), 2. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE REQUEST (SRNS to TBSS), 3. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RESPONSE (TBSS to SRNS), 4. HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND (SRNS to MS/UE), 5. RELOCATION REQUIRED (SRNS to CN), 6. HANDOVER REQUEST (CN to TBSS), 7. HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE (TBSS to CN), 8. RELOCATION COMMAND (CN to SRNS), 9. RELOCATION COMMIT (SRNS to TBSS), 10. HANDOVER ACCESS (TBSS to MS/UE), 11. HANDOVER DETECT (TBSS to CN), 12. HANDOVER COMPLETE (CN to MS/UE), 13. HANDOVER COMPLETE (CN to TBSS), 14. IU RELEASE COMMAND (CN to SRNS), 15. IU RELEASE COMPLETE (SRNS to CN). + +**Figure 8: Iur-g HO with radio resource reservation in the TBSS** + +1. After receiving the measurement report from the MS/UE and having considered the GSM neighbor cells capacity and load information, the SRNS decides to handover the MS/UE to a neighbor GSM cell. +2. An Iur-g connection is established by the SRNS towards the BSS serving the targeted neighbour GSM cell. The SRNS sends the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE REQUEST message to the TBSS in order to reserve radio resources for the MS/UE. +3. At reception of the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE REQUEST message the TBSS allocates a D-RNTI (Drift-Radio Network Temporary Identity) for the MS/UE and reserves the radio resources according to the Speech Version parameter (the MS/UE preferences for GSM). The TBSS builds the *L3 Information Container* IE (containing the (RR) HANDOVER COMMAND message) and sends it together with the *D-RNTI* IE in the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RESPONSE message to the SRNS. +4. Receiving the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RESPONSE message the SRNS sends the (RR) HANDOVER COMMAND message included in the *L3 information container* IE to the MS/UE encapsulated in the HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND message. + +5. SRNS sends the RELOCATION REQUIRED message to the CN with the D-RNTI encapsulated in the *Old BSS to New BSS* IE. +6. The CN sends the HANDOVER REQUEST message to the TBSS with the D-RNTI encapsulated in the *Old BSS to New BSS* IE. The TBSS correlates the received D-RNTI in the HANDOVER REQUEST message with the D-RNTI identifying the previously reserved radio resources. +7. The TBSS sends the HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE message to the CN. +8. The CN sends the RELOCATION COMMAND message to the SRNS. +9. The SRNS sends the RELOCATION COMMIT message to the TBSS for the concerned MS/UE (and D-RNTI). +10. The MS/UE is accessing the target GSM cell by sending the HANDOVER ACCESS message to the TBSS. +11. The TBSS sends the HANDOVER DETECT message to the CN since it has already received the RELOCATION COMMIT message from the SRNS. Otherwise if the RELOCATION COMMIT message for concerned MS/UE is not received in the TBSS, then the TBSS shall not send the HANDOVER DETECT message to the CN. In this case the TBSS shall wait for the RELOCATION COMMIT message before sending the HANDOVER DETECT message to the CN. +12. The MS/UE sends the HANDOVER COMPLETE message to the TBSS. +13. The TBSS forwards the message to the CN. +14. The CN sends the IU RELEASE COMMAND message to the SRNS after receiving the HANDOVER COMPLETE message. +15. After releasing the UTRAN resources and the Iur-g connection towards the TBSS, the SRNC sends the IU RELEASE COMPLETE message to the CN. + +#### 7.2.6.3 Abnormal conditions + +##### 7.2.6.3.1 BSS Radio Resource Reservation Failure + +![Sequence diagram illustrating BSS Radio Resource Reservation Failure between SRNS and TBSS.](8592a32c2fdf17c1e562f0ba6b7e8e1a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SRNS + participant TBSS + Note left of SRNS: SRNS + Note right of TBSS: TBSS + SRNS->>TBSS: 1. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE REQUEST + TBSS-->>SRNS: 2. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE FAILURE + +``` + +The diagram shows a sequence of two messages between the SRNS (Source RNC) and the TBSS (Target BSS). The SRNS sends a message labeled '1. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE REQUEST' to the TBSS. The TBSS responds with a message labeled '2. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE FAILURE' back to the SRNS. Both entities are represented by vertical lifelines with rectangular boxes at the top containing their names. + +Sequence diagram illustrating BSS Radio Resource Reservation Failure between SRNS and TBSS. + +**Figure 9: BSS Radio Resource Reservation Failure** + +1. SRNS sends the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE REQUEST message to the TBSS in order to reserve radio resources for the MS/UE. +2. If the TBSS can not reserve the requested radio resources, then the TBSS returns the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE FAILURE message to the SRNS with appropriate Cause value included in the message. +3. Upon reception of the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE FAILURE message the SRNS starts releasing the dedicated Iur-g connection towards the TBSS. + +##### 7.2.6.3.2 Handover failure from MS/UE + +![Sequence diagram illustrating MS/UE Handover Failure. The diagram shows three lifelines: TBSS, SRNS, and MS/UE. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS/UE sends HANDOVER FROM UTRAN FAILURE to SRNS; 2. SRNS sends ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMMAND to TBSS; 3. TBSS sends ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMPLETE to SRNS.](10781f43062bf3e9601a1e086710556c_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS/UE + participant SRNS + participant TBSS + Note right of MS/UE: 1. HANDOVER FROM UTRAN FAILURE + MS/UE->>SRNS: 1. HANDOVER FROM UTRAN FAILURE + Note left of SRNS: 2. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMMAND + SRNS->>TBSS: 2. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMMAND + Note left of TBSS: 3. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMPLETE + TBSS->>SRNS: 3. ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMPLETE +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating MS/UE Handover Failure. The diagram shows three lifelines: TBSS, SRNS, and MS/UE. The sequence of messages is: 1. MS/UE sends HANDOVER FROM UTRAN FAILURE to SRNS; 2. SRNS sends ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMMAND to TBSS; 3. TBSS sends ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMPLETE to SRNS. + +**Figure 10: MS/UE Handover Failure** + +1. In case the handover process fails in the MS/UE, the MS/UE sends the HANDOVER FROM UTRAN FAILURE message to the SRNS. +2. The SRNS informs the TBSS of the handover failure by sending the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMMAND message on the dedicated Iur-g connection. Upon reception of the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMMAND message, the TBSS starts releasing the radio resources related to the MS/UE and returns the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMPLETE message to the SRNS. +3. Upon reception of the ENHANCED RELOCATION RESOURCE RELEASE COMPLETE message, the SRNS starts releasing the dedicated Iur-g connection towards the TBSS. + +## 7.3 Void + +## 7.4 Global procedures + +### 7.4.1 General + +**Table 3: Global procedures list** + +| Elementary Procedure | Initiating Message | Allowed Operating Mode for BSS | +|----------------------------------|------------------------------------------|--------------------------------| +| Error Indication | ERROR INDICATION | Iu mode only | +| Common Measurement Initiation | COMMON MEASUREMENT INITIATION REQUEST | Both Iu mode and A/Gb mode | +| Common Measurement Reporting | COMMON MEASUREMENT REPORT | Both Iu mode and A/Gb mode | +| Common Measurement Termination | COMMON MEASUREMENT TERMINATION REQUEST | Both Iu mode and A/Gb mode | +| Common Measurement Failure | COMMON MEASUREMENT FAILURE INDICATION | Both Iu mode and A/Gb mode | +| Information Exchange Initiation | INFORMATION EXCHANGE INITIATION | Both Iu mode and A/Gb mode | +| Information Reporting | INFORMATION REPORT | Both Iu mode and A/Gb mode | +| Information Exchange Termination | INFORMATION EXCHANGE TERMINATION REQUEST | Both Iu mode and A/Gb mode | +| Information Exchange Failure | INFORMATION EXCHANGE FAILURE INDICATION | Both Iu mode and A/Gb mode | + +### 7.4.2 Error Indication + +The Error Indication procedure is initiated by a node to report detected errors in a received message, provided they cannot be reported by an appropriate response message. + +### 7.4.3 Common Measurement Functions + +The Common Measurement function in the Iur-g interface is used to support the Improved RRM across BSS and BSS/RNC. This functionality is supported by adopting the Iur procedures for Common Measurements: + +- **Common Measurement Initiation:** This procedure is used by an RNC/BSS to request the initiation of measurements of common resources to another RNC/BSS. For measurements made in GERAN cells, only the following measurement types are applicable: + - Load + - RT load + - NRT load information +- **Common Measurement Reporting:** This procedure is used by an RNC/BSS to report the result of measurements requested by another RNC using the Common Measurement Initiation. +- **Common Measurement Termination:** This procedure is used by an RNC/BSS to terminate a measurement previously requested by the Common Measurement Initiation procedure. + +- **Common Measurement Failure:** This procedure is used by an RNC/BSS to notify another RNC/BSS that a measurement previously requested by the Common Measurement Initiation procedure can no longer be reported. + +### 7.4.4 Information Exchange Functions + +This Information Exchange functions are used to initiate, maintain and terminate information exchange between two RNC/BSS nodes. This functionality is supported by adopting the Iur procedures for Information Exchange: + +- **Information Exchange Initiation:** This procedure is used by a BSS/RNC to request the initiation of an information exchange with another BSS/RNC. The procedure is initiated with an INFORMATION EXCHANGE INITIATION REQUEST message sent from BSS1 to BSS2/RNC2 or by RNC1 to BSS2. Upon reception, the BSS2/RNC2 shall provide the requested information according to the parameters given in the request. +- **Information Reporting:** This procedure is used by a BSS/RNC to report the result of information requested by another BSS/RNC using the Information Exchange Initiation. +- **Information Exchange Termination:** This procedure is used by a BSS/RNC to terminate the information exchange requested using the Information Exchange Initiation. +- **Information Exchange Failure:** This procedure is used by a BSS/RNC to notify another that the information exchange it previously requested using the Information Exchange Initiation can no longer be reported. + +The information which can be requested on the Iur and Iur-g interfaces is shown in the table below marked with “X”. For information which is not applicable on the Iur-g interface, the BSS shall regard the Information Exchange Initiation procedure as failed. + +**Table 4: Allowed Information types on Iur and Iur-g interfaces** + +| Information Type | Interface | | +|---------------------|-----------|-------| +| | Iur | Iur-g | +| IPDL Parameters | X | | +| DGPS Corrections | X | | +| GPS Information | X | | +| Cell Capacity Class | X | X | + +Cell capacity class for GERAN cells is defined by the number of configured carriers in specific GERAN cells which ranges from integer 1 to 100. The value 1 shall indicate the minimum cell capacity and the value 100 shall indicate the maximum cell capacity. + +# --- Annex A (Informative): Change history + +| Date / TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | New | +|--------------|-----------|------|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------|--------| +| GP-11 | - | - | - | Conversion to Technical Specification based upon TR 43.930 v5.1.0 | 5.0.0 | +| GP-23 | | | | Version for Release 6 | 6.0.0 | +| GP-35 | | | | Version for Release 7 | 7.0.0 | +| GP-40 | | | | Version for Release 8 | 8.0.0 | +| GP-44 | | | | Version for Release 9 | 9.0.0 | +| GP-49 | GP-110493 | 0001 | 1 | Enhancements of lur-g interface | 10.0.0 | +| GP-55 | | | | Version for Release 11 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43246/252ea48d02dce93965b91746fb376f35_img.jpg b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43246/252ea48d02dce93965b91746fb376f35_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 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sha256:3977049a59e9fc851c511ccb7f3cf2c8fe318621a2213527ff3e9ab3a71f4129 +size 44709 diff --git a/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43246/raw.md b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43246/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6ad06919df424e6b12aeeb3802b13d34d47fdf53 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/Rel-11/43_series/43246/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,985 @@ + + + + + + +# Contents + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Foreword ..... | 5 | +| 1 Scope..... | 6 | +| 2 References..... | 6 | +| 3 Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 6 | +| 3.1 Definitions..... | 6 | +| 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 7 | +| 4 MBMS GERAN Architecture..... | 7 | +| 4.1 General ..... | 7 | +| 4.2 GERAN A/Gb mode architecture ..... | 7 | +| 4.2.1 Protocol structure..... | 7 | +| 4.2.2 void..... | 7 | +| 4.2.3 MBMS reception ..... | 7 | +| 4.3 GERAN Iu mode architecture ..... | 8 | +| 4.3.1 Protocol structure..... | 8 | +| 4.3.2 void..... | 8 | +| 4.3.3 MBMS reception ..... | 8 | +| 5. MBMS channel structure ..... | 9 | +| 5.1 Logical channels..... | 9 | +| 5.2 Physical channels ..... | 9 | +| 5.2.1 General ..... | 9 | +| 5.2.2 Coding schemes..... | 9 | +| 5.2.3 Mapping of MPRACH onto physical channels ..... | 9 | +| 6. MBMS procedures in GERAN ..... | 9 | +| 6.1 Resource management procedures..... | 9 | +| 6.1.1 Session start..... | 9 | +| 6.1.1.1 General..... | 9 | +| 6.1.1.1a Pre-notification ..... | 10 | +| 6.1.1.2 Notification of session start ..... | 10 | +| 6.1.1.2.1 General ..... | 10 | +| 6.1.1.2.2 Mobile stations in packet idle mode or MAC-Idle state ..... | 10 | +| 6.1.1.2.3 Mobile stations in packet transfer mode or MAC-Shared state and mobile stations in dual transfer mode or MAC-DTM state..... | 11 | +| 6.1.1.2.4 Mobile stations in dedicated mode or MAC-Dedicated state ..... | 11 | +| 6.1.1.3 Initial counting procedure ..... | 12 | +| 6.1.1.4 MBMS bearer establishment ..... | 14 | +| 6.1.1.5 Address assignment procedure ..... | 15 | +| 6.1.1.6 Repetition of notifications of an on-going MBMS session ..... | 15 | +| 6.1.2 MBMS channel reconfiguration..... | 15 | +| 6.1.3 MBMS channel release..... | 16 | +| 6.2 Mobility procedures ..... | 16 | +| 6.2.1 Distribution of MBMS neighbouring cell information ..... | 16 | +| 6.2.2 MBMS reception resumption after cell reselection..... | 17 | +| 6.2.2.1 Default behaviour ..... | 17 | +| 6.2.2.2 Fast reception resumption..... | 17 | +| 6.2.3 Cell change ..... | 18 | +| 6.3 MBMS data transfer for p-t-m transmission ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.1 General ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.1.1 Point-to-multipoint data transfer options ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.1.2 RLC protocol behaviour ..... | 19 | +| 6.3.2 Block retransmission based on mobile station feedback..... | 19 | +| 6.4 Multiple sessions..... | 20 | +| 6.4.1 Transmission of multiple sessions ..... | 20 | +| 6.4.2 Reception of multiple sessions ..... | 21 | +| 6.5 Suspension/Resumption of the reception of an MBMS session ..... | 22 | +| 6.6 Acquisition of system information and paging messages ..... | 22 | + +| | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| 6.6.1 General | 22 | +| 6.6.2 Acquisition of system information ..... | 22 | +| 6.6.3 Reception of paging messages ..... | 23 | +| 7 Mobile Station requirements ..... | 23 | +| 7.1 General requirements ..... | 23 | +| 7.2 Mobile Station tasks ..... | 23 | +| 7.3 Multislot capabilities ..... | 24 | +| 7.4 MBMS notification for mobile stations in dedicated mode or packet transfer mode or dual transfer mode .... | 24 | +| 8 Network requirements ..... | 25 | +| 8.1 General requirements ..... | 25 | +| 8.2 MBMS notification for mobile stations in dedicated mode or packet transfer mode or dual transfer mode .... | 25 | +| Annex A (normative): Requirements and recommendations ..... | 26 | +| A.1 General requirements and recommendations ..... | 26 | +| A.1.1 General requirements ..... | 26 | +| A.1.2 General recommendations ..... | 27 | +| A.2 Mobile Station requirements and recommendations ..... | 27 | +| A.2.1 Mobile Station requirements ..... | 27 | +| A.2.2 Mobile Station recommendations ..... | 27 | +| A.3 GERAN requirements and recommendations ..... | 27 | +| A.3.1 GERAN requirements ..... | 27 | +| A.3.1 GERAN recommendations ..... | 27 | +| Annex B (informative): Physical channel allocation scenarios ..... | 28 | +| B.1 Data transfer when no uplink feedback channel is established ..... | 28 | +| B.1.1 PBCCH not deployed, transmission with frequency hopping ..... | 28 | +| B.1.2 PBCCH not deployed, transmission without frequency hopping ..... | 29 | +| B.1.3 PBCCH deployed, transmission with frequency hopping ..... | 29 | +| B.2 Data transfer when an uplink feedback channel is established ..... | 30 | +| B.2.1 PBCCH not deployed, transmission with frequency hopping ..... | 30 | +| B.2.2 PBCCH not deployed, transmission without frequency hopping ..... | 31 | +| B.2.3 PBCCH deployed, transmission with frequency hopping ..... | 32 | +| Annex C (informative): Change history ..... | 33 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document is part of the Release 6 "**Introduction of the Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) in GERAN**" work item and it is linked to the corresponding 3GPP TS 22.146: "Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS); Stage 1" [3] and 3GPP TS 23.246: "Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS); Architecture and functional description" [5]. + +The purpose of the present document is to provide a stage 2 description of the changes required in existing specifications for the "**Introduction of the Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) in GERAN**" feature for Release 6. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 2". +- [2] 3GPP TS 23.107: "Quality of Service (QoS) concept and architecture". +- [3] 3GPP TS 22.146: "Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS); Stage 1". +- [4] 3GPP TS 22.246: "Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) user services; Stage 1". +- [5] 3GPP TS 23.246: "Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS); Architecture and functional description". +- [6] 3GPP TR 25.992: "Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS); UTRAN/GERAN requirements". +- [7] 3GPP TS 25.346: "Introduction of Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) in the Radio Access Network (RAN); Stage 2". +- [8] 3GPP TS 45.002: "Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path". +- [9] 3GPP TS 45.008: "Radio subsystem link control". +- [10] 3GPP TS 43.022: "Functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode and group receive mode". + +# --- 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TS 22.146 [3] and the following apply. + +**Dedicated MBMS Notification:** A mechanism in the network that allows the network to notify mobile stations in dedicated mode of starting MBMS multicast sessions. + +**MBMS radio bearer:** In *A/Gb mode*, an MBMS radio bearer is defined as "point-to-multipoint". + +**MBMS channel:** An MBMS channel consists of the physical resources assigned to one (several) MBMS service(s). In *A/Gb mode*, an MBMS channel carries one (several) MBMS radio bearer(s) and may be on one (several) PDCH(s) with GPRS and/or EGPRS TBF(s). + +**MBMS session:** Defined in 3GPP TS 22.146 [3]. + +**MBMS service:** Defined in 3GPP TS 22.146 [3]. + +**MBMS service class:** An MBMS service class is defined as either Background or Streaming, according to 3GPP TS 23.107 [2]. + +**MBMS notification:** Defined in 3GPP TS 23.246 [5]. + +## 3.2 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------| +| BM-SC | Broadcast/Multicast Service Centre | +| MBMS | Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service | +| MPRACH | MBMS Packet Random Access Channel | +| p-t-p | point-to-point | +| p-t-m | point-to-multipoint | +| TMGI | Temporary Mobile Group Identifier | + +# 4 MBMS GERAN Architecture + +## 4.1 General + +One new transmission mode exists to provide the MBMS service: + +- Point-to-multipoint transmission (p-t-m) + +Point-to-multipoint transmission is used to transfer MBMS specific information between the network and an unspecified number of mobile stations. It is used for both broadcast and multicast modes of MBMS. + +## 4.2 GERAN A/Gb mode architecture + +### 4.2.1 Protocol structure + +No modifications are required to the GPRS protocol stack (see 3GPP TS 23.060) for MBMS. However, some of the radio protocols in the GERAN will require modifications to support MBMS p-t-m bearers. + +### 4.2.2 void + +### 4.2.3 MBMS reception + +Table 4.2.3.1 shows whether a mobile station can support MBMS data reception according to its mode (packet idle mode, packet transfer mode, dedicated mode or dual transfer mode) at the time of the MBMS bearer establishment i.e. immediately prior to MBMS reception. + +**Table 4.2.3.1: MBMS radio bearer available according to initial MAC mode and MBMS service** + +| | Packet idle mode
(GMM-Standby or
GMM-Ready) | Packet transfer mode | Dedicated mode | Dual transfer
mode | +|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------------|----------------------|-------------------|-----------------------| +| MBMS multicast | p-t-m | p-t-p repair | p-t-p repair (1) | p-t-p repair | +| MBMS broadcast | p-t-m | Not specified (2) | Not specified (3) | Not specified (3) | + +- 1) A mobile station is moved to dual transfer mode on establishment of a TBF to request an MBMS p-t-p repair. + +- 2) Support is optional in the mobile station. +- 3) Note that an MBMS broadcast service is only available on a p-t-m radio bearer. + +## 4.3 GERAN Iu mode architecture + +### 4.3.1 Protocol structure + +No modifications are required to the GPRS protocol stack (see 3GPP TS 23.060 [1]) for MBMS. However, some of the radio protocols in the GERAN will require modifications to support MBMS p-t-m bearers. + +### 4.3.2 void + +### 4.3.3 MBMS reception + +Table 4.3.3.1 shows which type of MBMS radio bearer shall be assigned to the mobile station according to its RRC and MAC states at the time of the MBMS bearer establishment i.e. immediately prior to MBMS reception. + +**Table 4.3.3.1: MBMS radio bearer available according to initial MAC and RRC states and MBMS service** + +| | RRc-Idle | RRc-GRa_PCH | RRc-Cell_Shared | | RRc-Cell_Dedicated | | +|-----------------------|--------------------|-------------------|--------------------|-------------------|--------------------|-------------------| +| | MAC-Idle | MAC-Idle | MAC-Idle | MAC-Shared | MAC-Dedicated | MAC-DTM | +| MBMS multicast | p-t-m
p-t-p (1) | Not available (2) | p-t-m
p-t-p (1) | p-t-p | p-t-p (3) | p-t-p | +| MBMS broadcast | p-t-m | p-t-m | p-t-m | Not specified (4) | Not specified (5) | Not specified (5) | + +- 1) A mobile station is moved to MAC-Shared state on establishment of an MBMS p-t-p radio bearer +- 2) A mobile station is moved to RRc-Cell\_Shared state on establishment of an MBMS radio bearer (p-t-m or p-t-p) +- 3) A mobile station is moved to MAC-DTM state on establishment of an MBMS p-t-p radio bearer if it has no other PS connections established +- 4) Support is optional in the mobile station +- 5) Note that an MBMS broadcast service is only available on a p-t-m radio bearer + +# 5. MBMS channel structure + +## 5.1 Logical channels + +For MBMS p-t-m transmission, the traffic data is carried on PDTCH (see 3GPP TS 45.002 [8]), whereas the control data is carried on PACCH (see 3GPP TS 45.002 [8]). + +A new logical channel is defined, the MPRACH, which may be used during the initial counting procedure (see sub-clause 6.1.1.3). On the MPRACH, Packet Access Bursts or Extended Packet Access Bursts can be transmitted. + +## 5.2 Physical channels + +### 5.2.1 General + +MBMS p-t-m radio bearers are transmitted on PDCH (see 3GPP TS 45.002 [8]). + +On a PDCH it shall be possible to multiplex different MBMS p-t-m radio bearers and GPRS and/or EGPRS TBFs using TFI. + +### 5.2.2 Coding schemes + +The existing GPRS and EGPRS coding schemes are used for MBMS. + +An MBMS-capable mobile station shall support CS-1 to CS-4 and MCS-1 to MCS-9 in the downlink. A network supporting MBMS may support only some of the coding schemes. + +### 5.2.3 Mapping of MPRACH onto physical channels + +The MPRACH may be mapped on any uplink PDCH. + +The MPRACH is dynamically allocated in groups of four MPRACH blocks $B_y$ ( $y=4x+i$ , $i=0, \dots, 3$ ) corresponding to one PDCH block $B_x$ ( $x=0, \dots, 11$ ), indicated by a USF. The value of the USF allocated to the mobile station is signalled by the network in the notification message. + +# --- 6. MBMS procedures in GERAN + +## 6.1 Resource management procedures + +### 6.1.1 Session start + +#### 6.1.1.1 General + +Upon receiving an MBMS SESSION START REQUEST message (or an MBMS SESSION UPDATE REQUEST message for an ongoing MBMS broadcast session with an updated MBMS service area) from the SGSN, if the network controls cells in the MBMS service area the network creates an MBMS Service Context (if not yet available for the ongoing MBMS broadcast session), and acknowledges the SGSN using an MBMS SESSION START RESPONSE message (or an MBMS SESSION UPDATE RESPONSE message). The network may receive an Allocation/Retention Priority associated with the MBMS session in the MBMS SESSION START REQUEST message (or in the MBMS SESSION UPDATE REQUEST message). + +The network may use the Allocation/Retention Priority to prioritise between MBMS bearer services, and between MBMS bearer services and non-MBMS bearer services. The network initiates the MBMS channel establishment in each cell belonging to the MBMS service area where the network has decided to provide this MBMS service (and where the MBMS channel has not yet been established in case of an ongoing MBMS broadcast session). + +The channel establishment procedure consists of the following steps: + +- the optional pre-notification of the MBMS service which is starting a data transmission; +- the notification of all MBMS users in the cell of this MBMS service; +- an optional counting procedure; and +- a channel assignment message. The type of channel assigned may depend on the number of users in the cell who respond to the notification in the counting procedure. + +If counting is not required, the notification and channel assignment information may be transmitted in a single (PACKET) PAGING REQUEST message in the case of an MBMS broadcast service or an MBMS multicast service. + +#### 6.1.1.1a Pre-notification + +The network may indicate the incoming notification of a given MBMS service and MBMS session by sending a pre-notification of this MBMS service and MBMS session to MBMS mobile stations in packet idle mode. + +A pre-notification may be sent in PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 or 2 messages on CCCH, or if PCCCH is present, in PACKET PAGING REQUEST message and identifies the TMGI as well as, if available, the MBMS Session Identity. Upon reception of a pre-notification for an MBMS service and MBMS session, a mobile station in packet idle mode shall enter non-DRX mode and monitor notifications as described in sub-clause 6.1.1.2 in the following cases: + +- the MBMS service is a broadcast service and the mobile station is required to receive this service; or +- the MBMS service is a multicast service and the mobile station has joined this service. + +#### 6.1.1.2 Notification of session start + +##### 6.1.1.2.1 General + +When the network is informed that an MBMS session is starting or an ongoing MBMS broadcast session has an updated MBMS service area, the network notifies mobile stations in packet idle mode or MAC-Idle state, and may notify mobile stations in packet transfer mode or MAC-Shared state, or mobile stations in dedicated mode or MAC-Dedicated state, or mobile stations in dual transfer mode or MAC-DTM state. The mobile stations in packet idle mode or MAC-Idle state are notified on the (P)PCH by the network. The mobile stations in packet transfer mode or MAC-Shared state and the mobile stations in dual transfer mode or MAC-DTM state may be notified on the PACCH by the network using a distribution message. The mobile stations in dedicated mode or MAC-Dedicated state may be notified on the main DCCH by the network. + +The network may optionally initiate, on a per-cell basis, a counting mechanism (i.e. to count up to an operator-defined user threshold > 0) to ascertain the interest of users in each cell. This may be used in order to select the type of MBMS radio bearer (i.e. characterized by an uplink feedback channel or not) to establish. If counting is activated in a cell, mobile stations shall respond to the notification using the initial counting procedure, see sub-clause 6.1.1.3. + +If counting is not activated, the network may allocate the MBMS bearer in a cell using the MBMS bearer establishment procedure, see sub-clause 6.1.1.4. + +##### 6.1.1.2.2 Mobile stations in packet idle mode or MAC-Idle state + +If the network controls cells in the MBMS service area of a starting MBMS session (or of an ongoing MBMS broadcast session with an updated MBMS service area), the network initiates the MBMS notification procedure on each of these cells. A notification is sent in PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 or 2 messages on CCCH, or if PCCCH is present, in PACKET PAGING REQUEST message and identifies the TMGI as well as, if available, the MBMS Session Identity. + +A notification may include the uplink resource description for a PRACH dedicated to MBMS (MPRACH). If a PRACH is allocated in the cell, and no MPRACH Control Parameters are included in the notification message, the PRACH Control Parameters shall be used for the MPRACH. If the network wishes to allocate an MPRACH and no PRACH is allocated in the cell, the MBMS Notification message shall include the MPRACH Control Parameters. If present, MPRACH Control Parameters take precedence over PRACH Control Parameters. + +If a mobile station has not joined the MBMS multicast service identified by the TMGI or has already received the MBMS session identified by the TMGI and MBMS Session Identity combination contained in the (PACKET) PAGING REQUEST message, the mobile station shall discard the message. + +If the mobile station has not previously received the MBMS session identified by the TMGI and MBMS Session Identity (if available) combination contained in the (PACKET) PAGING REQUEST message and the message includes an indication that “counting shall be used”, then the mobile station shall initiate the initial counting procedure, see sub-clause 6.1.1.3, otherwise if such an indication is not included then the mobile station shall continue with the MBMS bearer establishment procedure, see sub-clause 6.1.1.4. + +##### 6.1.1.2.3 Mobile stations in packet transfer mode or MAC-Shared state and mobile stations in dual transfer mode or MAC-DTM state + +If the network controls cells in the MBMS service area of a starting MBMS session (or of an ongoing MBMS broadcast session with an updated MBMS service area), the network may pass a PACKET MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message to all MBMS capable mobile stations that have a PACCH. The PACKET MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message includes the TMGI and, if available, the MBMS Session Identity of an MBMS session and may optionally include a parameter that dictates whether there is maximum reaction time for the mobile station or the MBMS session (remaining) duration, the uplink resource description for a PRACH dedicated to MBMS (MPRACH) possibly with control parameters, or the channel assignment information for the MBMS session. + +If the mobile station has not previously joined the MBMS multicast service identified by the TMGI or the mobile station has already received the MBMS session identified by the TMGI and the MBMS Session Identity combination contained in the PACKET MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, the mobile station discards the message. If the mobile station has joined the MBMS multicast service identified by the TMGI contained in the PACKET MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message and has not received the session, optionally identified by the MBMS Session Identity, then the mobile station stores the MBMS information contained in the PACKET MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, initialises timer T3222 (see 3GPP TS 44.060) if indicated to do so and the session duration timer for this MBMS session if the MBMS session (remaining) duration is included in the PACKET MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, and + +passes the received TMGI, and the MBMS Session Identity if available, to the upper layers. If timer T3222 expires the stored MBMS information associated with the timer is deleted. + +If the mobile station returns to packet idle mode or MAC-Idle state when MBMS information is stored, then: + +- if the channel assignment information for the MBMS session was not included in the PACKET MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, the mobile station initiates the initial counting procedure using the stored MBMS information, (see sub-clause 6.1.1.3), once the Transfer non-DRX mode period has elapsed; +- if the channel assignment information for the MBMS session was included in the PACKET MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, the mobile station starts listening to the MBMS p-t-m radio bearer. + +##### 6.1.1.2.4 Mobile stations in dedicated mode or MAC-Dedicated state + +If the network controls cells in the MBMS service area of a starting MBMS session (or of an ongoing MBMS broadcast session with an updated MBMS service area), the network may pass an MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message to all mobile stations that have previously requested to be notified on the main DCCH. The MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message includes the TMGI and, if available, the MBMS Session Identity of an MBMS session and may optionally include a parameter that dictates whether there is maximum reaction time for the mobile station or the MBMS session (remaining) duration, the uplink resource description for a PRACH dedicated to MBMS (MPRACH) possibly with control parameters, or the channel assignment information for the MBMS session. + +If the mobile station has not previously joined the MBMS multicast service identified by the TMGI or the mobile station has already received the MBMS session identified by the TMGI and the MBMS Session Identity combination contained in the MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, the mobile station discards the message. If the mobile station has joined the MBMS Service identified by the TMGI and has not received the session, optionally identified by the MBMS Session Identity, then the mobile station stores the MBMS information contained in the MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, initialises timer T3222 (see 3GPP TS 44.060) if indicated to do so and the session duration timer for this MBMS session if the MBMS session (remaining) duration is included in the MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, and passes the received TMGI, and the MBMS Session Identity if available, to the upper layers. If timer T3222 expires the stored MBMS information associated with the timer is deleted. + +If the mobile station returns to packet idle mode or MAC-Idle state when MBMS information is stored, then: + +- if the channel assignment information for the MBMS session was not included in the MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, the mobile station initiates the initial counting procedure using the stored MBMS information, see sub-clause 6.1.1.3; +- if the channel assignment information for the MBMS session was included in the MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, the mobile station starts listening to the MBMS p-t-m radio bearer. + +#### 6.1.1.3 Initial counting procedure + +The mechanism in the requirements 11 and 12 in A.1.1 implies that an MBMS channel should not be established if no interested users are in the cell at the time of the notification of the MBMS session. The network using such a mechanism would therefore wait for at least one response from an MBMS user in each cell before assigning the MBMS bearer. The initial counting procedure can also be used to count the number of mobile stations when starting a broadcast session. + +If the notification message or the (PACKET) MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message contains the uplink resource description for an MPRACH, packet access for counting is initiated by the mobile station by sending on such MPRACH a PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST message with access cause "Single Block MBMS Access" requesting a single uplink block. The mobile station acts on any response sent by the network to that mobile station. + +If the notification message or the (PACKET) MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message does not contain any uplink resource description for an MPRACH, packet access for counting is initiated by the mobile station by sending a (PACKET) CHANNEL REQUEST message on the common (P)RACH, with access cause "Single Block MBMS Access" requesting a single uplink block. + +Upon reception by the network of a (PACKET) CHANNEL REQUEST message with access cause "Single Block MBMS Access", the network sends an IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message on CCCH (or a PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT message on PAGCH) allocating one uplink block to the mobile station. + +Upon reception by the mobile station of an IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT (respectively PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT) message corresponding to one of its (PACKET) CHANNEL REQUEST messages and allocating one + +uplink radio block for MBMS access, the mobile station sends in this radio block an MBMS SERVICE REQUEST message on PACCH to the network including its TLLI, the TMGI and, if available, the MBMS Session Identity of the session, and enters non-DRX mode. In case the MBMS SERVICE REQUEST message is not correctly received on the network side, the network may repeat the IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message on CCCH (or PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT message on PAGCH), allowing the mobile station to re-send the MBMS SERVICE REQUEST message. The reception by the network of the MBMS SERVICE REQUEST message from a number of mobile stations allows the network to estimate in a given cell the number of mobile stations interested in a given session. + +![Timing diagram for Figure 6.1.1.3.a showing MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 5 across multiple cells without counting.](252ea48d02dce93965b91746fb376f35_img.jpg) + +This figure illustrates a timing diagram for MBMS across four cells. The top cell is labeled 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY)' and shows a green block at TS 0 labeled 'first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block'. Below it, three cells are labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)'. The first of these shows a red block from TS 2 to TS 5 labeled 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 5'. The second and third cells show similar red blocks at different time offsets. Arrows indicate the relationship between the green blocks and the red blocks across the different cells. + +Timing diagram for Figure 6.1.1.3.a showing MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 5 across multiple cells without counting. + +**FIGURE 6.1.1.3.a: No counting and no PTM Bearer defined** + +![Timing diagram for Figure 6.1.1.3.b showing MBMS service on TS 1 to TS 4 with counting used.](dd330f8b8f6c16eae20c3a676b4eb804_img.jpg) + +This figure illustrates a timing diagram for MBMS with counting. The top part shows a red block from TS 1 to TS 4 labeled 'MBMS service on TS 1 to TS 4'. Below this, a cell is labeled 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY)'. The diagram shows three instances of the red block. The third instance is preceded by a green block at TS 0, labeled 'first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block'. Arrows point from the red blocks to the green blocks, indicating the counting mechanism. + +Timing diagram for Figure 6.1.1.3.b showing MBMS service on TS 1 to TS 4 with counting used. + +**FIGURE 6.1.1.3.b: Counting used** + +![Figure 6.1.1.3.c: PTM Bearer established. The diagram shows four horizontal timelines representing radio frames, each numbered 0 to 7. The first timeline shows a 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' label above frame 4. The second timeline shows an 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 5' represented by a red block spanning frames 2 to 5. The third timeline shows a 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' label above frame 4, and a red block spanning frames 2 to 5. The fourth timeline shows a 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' label above frame 4, a blue block at frame 0 labeled 'first burst of a paging block or a PBCH block', and a red block spanning frames 2 to 5. Arrows indicate the flow of data from the MBMS service to the serving cell and then to the first burst of a paging block.](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +Figure 6.1.1.3.c: PTM Bearer established. The diagram shows four horizontal timelines representing radio frames, each numbered 0 to 7. The first timeline shows a 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' label above frame 4. The second timeline shows an 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 5' represented by a red block spanning frames 2 to 5. The third timeline shows a 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' label above frame 4, and a red block spanning frames 2 to 5. The fourth timeline shows a 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' label above frame 4, a blue block at frame 0 labeled 'first burst of a paging block or a PBCH block', and a red block spanning frames 2 to 5. Arrows indicate the flow of data from the MBMS service to the serving cell and then to the first burst of a paging block. + +**FIGURE 6.1.1.3.c: PTM Bearer established** + +This estimate may be used by the network to establish a point-to-multipoint channel for a given session, possibly characterized by an uplink feedback channel, or to notify the mobile stations that no point-to-multipoint channel will be established. + +In case an uplink feedback channel is established, to receive MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK messages from the mobile stations addressing of mobile stations is required. This procedure is described in sub-clause 6.1.1.5. The network may address (i.e. distribute MS\_ID identifiers to) only a subset of the counted mobile stations. In this case, mobile stations without an allocated MS\_ID shall only listen to the MBMS p-t-m radio bearer and will not send any feedback. + +#### 6.1.1.4 MBMS bearer establishment + +The network may allocate the MBMS bearer by including the bearer description and the MBMS session duration in the notification message. An MBMS bearer allocated via the notification message will initially operate without ARQ at the RLC/MAC layer (see sub-clause 6.3.1.1). + +The network may send the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message as a distribution message on PAGCH or, if PCCCH is not present in the cell, the IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message including the *Multiple Blocks Packet Downlink Assignment* construction on AGCH followed by the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message sent on the PDCH specified by the *Packet Channel Description* IE in the IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message (see 3GPP TS 44.060 and 3GPP TS 44.018) to all interested mobile stations in packet idle mode. + +The network either assigns a point-to-multipoint bearer for the transmission of the MBMS session in a cell, or notifies the mobile stations that a p-t-m bearer will not be established in the cell. The decision of whether to allocate resources in a cell is implementation dependent. + +The MBMS ASSIGNMENT message may be sent as a non-distribution message to a specific mobile station that performs an access. + +The MBMS ASSIGNMENT message includes the TMGI, the Session Id when available, the MBMS session duration, the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID, the MBMS In-band Signalling Indicator (see sub-clause 6.6) and the p-t-m channel description to assign the p-t-m bearer in the cell, or, if the p-t-m bearer is not assigned in the cell, a cause value indicating one of the following reasons: + +1. Further MBMS access allowed for the current MBMS session in the current cell; or +2. No further MBMS access allowed for the current MBMS session in the current cell (e.g. the cell is outside the MBMS Service Area for the requested MBMS service); or +3. No further MBMS access allowed for the current MBMS session in the Routeing Area (e.g. the network does not have any information about the requested session); or +4. No further MBMS access allowed for the current MBMS session in any cell of the PLMN. + +If the mobile station detects: + +Cause 1. above, the mobile station may perform additional access attempts for the current MBMS session in this cell. If the mobile station moves cell whilst the session duration timer in the mobile station is running, the mobile station may request the session in any cell that supports MBMS. + +Cause 2. above, the mobile station shall not perform any further access attempts for the current MBMS session whilst the mobile station remains in this cell. If the mobile station moves cell whilst the session duration timer in the mobile station is running, the mobile station may request the session in any other cell that supports MBMS. + +Cause 3. above, the mobile station shall not perform any further access attempts for the current MBMS session in the current Routeing Area. If the mobile station moves Routeing Area whilst the session duration timer in the mobile station is running, the mobile station may request the session in any other cell that supports MBMS. + +Cause 4. above, the mobile station shall not perform any further access attempts for the current MBMS session. + +When the session duration timer in the mobile station expires the mobile station shall no longer attempt to request this MBMS session in any cell and indicates to the upper layers that the multicast/broadcast delivery of this MBMS session is complete. + +Note that a mobile station is allowed to perform a new access attempt if it has received a new (repeated) notification, irrespective of a reception of a previous reject cause (i.e. cause 1 to 4 defined above) and of the expiry of the session duration timer for the MBMS session in the mobile station. + +NOTE: The session duration timer in the mobile station is initialised with a value equal to the estimated session duration which may be included in the notification or in the (PACKET) MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message or in the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message. + +The MBMS ASSIGNMENT message may be repeated by the network, in order to overcome potential radio impairments on the PDCH on which it is transmitted. + +The network may send the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message at any time during the counting procedure and before a maximum time limit after notification elapses (see Annex A.1.1). + +Upon reception of an MBMS ASSIGNMENT message including the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID and the p-t-m channel description for a given session, a mobile station that requires the reception of this session, does not perform any further access attempts (see sub-clause 6.1.1.3) and switches to the assigned p-t-m channel. + +Upon reception of an MBMS ASSIGNMENT message not including the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID and the p-t-m channel description for a given session, all interested mobile stations in packet idle mode perform as specified above depending on the cause indication why no p-t-m bearer was established. + +#### 6.1.1.5 Address assignment procedure + +The assignment of an MS\_ID address to a counted mobile station is performed by the network sending an MBMS MS\_ID ASSIGNMENT message on the PACCH/D of the point-to-multipoint radio bearer addressed via the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID. If an MBMS ASSIGNMENT message is sent as a non-distribution message it can contain MS\_ID and then no MBMS MS\_ID ASSIGNMENT message needs to be sent. On a given point-to-multipoint bearer there is a one-to-one relationship between an MBMS\_BEARER\_ID + MS\_ID combination and the TLLI of the mobile station. The MBMS MS\_ID ASSIGNMENT message also includes the timing advance parameters for the addressed mobile station. + +The network may request an addressed mobile station to acknowledge, with a PACKET CONTROL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT message, the reception of the MBMS MS\_ID ASSIGNMENT message. + +The mobile stations are identified with an MBMS\_BEARER\_ID + MS\_ID combination, which is provided within the TFI field. Both the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID and the MS\_ID are variable length fields inside the TFI field. The MBMS\_BEARER\_ID may range from a 1-bit field up to a 5-bit field (in the latter case no mobile station may be addressed). The MS\_ID may range from a 1-bit field up to a 4-bit field. At any time the overall size of the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID + MS\_ID combination is a 5-bit field, i.e. the size of the TFI field. On a PDCH an MBMS bearer is identified by the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID contained in the most significant bit(s) part of the TFI field; all TFI values whose most significant bits are equal to a given MBMS\_BEARER\_ID are reserved for this MBMS bearer and shall not be used for any other (E)GPRS TBFs or p-t-m radio bearer on that PDCH. All the mobile stations receiving the MBMS + +p-t-m radio bearer identified by a given MBMS\_BEARER\_ID shall try to decode all the RLC/MAC blocks where the TFI field contains this MBMS\_BEARER\_ID. + +The network may modify the lengths of the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID and the MS\_ID fields during an ongoing MBMS session in order to dynamically change the multiplexing of different MBMS p-t-m radio bearers and/or (E)GPRS TBFs on the same PDCH(s). The network performs such identity reassignment of an MBMS radio bearer by sending an MBMS ASSIGNMENT message as a non-distribution message on the PACCH/D, containing the old and the new MBMS\_BEARER\_ID and optionally the starting time of the validity of the new MBMS\_BEARER\_ID. + +The network may reallocate or delete the MS\_ID value assigned to a specific MS with an MBMS MS\_ID ASSIGNMENT message. + +#### 6.1.1.6 Repetition of notifications of an on-going MBMS session + +The network may repeat notifications of an ongoing session (repeated notifications). The same procedures as in sub-clause 6.1.1.2 shall be used with the exception that the network shall provide the estimated remaining duration of the MBMS session. + +A mobile station that is receiving an MBMS session shall ignore repeated (pre-)notifications of that session. + +### 6.1.2 MBMS channel reconfiguration + +The network may modify the channel allocation for an MBMS bearer by sending an MBMS ASSIGNMENT message as a non-distribution message including the relevant MBMS\_BEARER\_ID. The MS shall use the same MS\_ID on the new resource. + +The MBMS ASSIGNMENT message includes the new MBMS bearer description, the session duration value indicating the remaining duration of the MBMS session and the MBMS In-band Signalling Indicator (see sub-clause 6.6). + +### 6.1.3 MBMS channel release + +When the GERAN receives an MBMS SESSION STOP REQUEST message from the SGSN indicating that the MBMS session can be released, the network acknowledges this request by sending the MBMS SESSION STOP RESPONSE message to the SGSN. The network removes all radio resources allocated for the MBMS session, identified in the MBMS SESSION STOP REQUEST message. + +During the MBMS session the network may decide that the bearer supporting the MBMS session is to be released. If the network decides to prematurely release the bearer, the network sends a PACKET TBF RELEASE message. + +At the end of an MBMS session, indicated by the expiry of the Session Duration Timer, a mobile station shall notify the upper layers. + +When the GERAN receives an MBMS SESSION UPDATE REQUEST message from the SGSN the network releases the MBMS channel in each cell no longer belonging to the MBMS service area in case of an ongoing MBMS broadcast session with an updated MBMS service area. The network acknowledges this request by sending the MBMS SESSION UPDATE RESPONSE message to the SGSN (see sub-clause 6.1.1.1). + +## 6.2 Mobility procedures + +### 6.2.1 Distribution of MBMS neighbouring cell information + +If in a given cell an MBMS session is being sent on a p-t-m channel; and if in any neighbouring cell of that given cell, the same session is being sent on a p-t-m channel, the network may provide in that given cell for that MBMS session, information about the characteristics (frequency and timeslot allocation) of the MBMS p-t-m channel and the relevant MBMS\_BEARER\_ID of each of these neighbouring cells. The network shall not provide neighbouring cell information for sessions that are not being sent in that given cell. + +This information is provided to mobile stations on the PACCH/D of the p-t-m channel using the MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION message. This message also includes an indication of whether an uplink feedback channel associated to the MBMS p-t-m channel is established in the specific cell, and if so on which timeslot and whether an MPRACH is allocated onto that timeslot or not, and the MBMS In-band Signalling Indicator (see sub-clause 6.6). + +In order to increase the likelihood that all mobile stations prior to reselecting a cell, have received, if available, the MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION message(s) for that cell: + +- If feedback is in use, a mobile station when polled shall indicate in the MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK message as many as possible of and up to the 6 strongest non-serving carriers to the network. The network may in turn prioritise the transmission of MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION messages according to the neighbouring cells reported by the mobile stations. + +In addition, if so ordered by the network in GPRS Cell Options IE, a mobile station monitoring an MBMS session on a p-t-m channel shall not reselect a suitable neighbouring cell until it has received, if available, an MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION message for that cell and that session. If within a given time after having determined a suitable neighbouring cell, the mobile station still has not received any MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION message for that neighbouring cell and that session, the mobile station shall proceed with cell reselection. + +**NOTE:** The order in which the MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION messages are sent is implementation dependent. + +### 6.2.2 MBMS reception resumption after cell reselection + +#### 6.2.2.1 Default behaviour + +If a mobile station receiving an MBMS session on a p-t-m channel reselects a new cell for which it does not have any information about an MBMS bearer being allocated in the cell for that MBMS session, the mobile station, after having acquired a consistent set of (packet) system information, shall request the MBMS service from the network using the following procedure, if MBMS is supported in the cell. + +![Timing diagram showing time slots TS 1 through TS 5. Each TS is divided into 8 sub-slots (0-7). Labels indicate 'first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block' at TS 1. Red blocks show 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 4' on the serving cell. A light blue block shows 'Uplink feedback message on TS 3'. Further red and blue blocks appear on subsequent rows labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY) - UL'.](f57a881fcbcaf494a7dedc4f61224991_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a packet transmission and retransmission process over five time slots (TS 1 to TS 5). Each time slot is divided into sub-slots labeled 0 to 7. + +- TS 1:** Shows the first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block. +- TS 2 to TS 4:** MBMS service is active (indicated by red blocks). +- TS 3:** Uplink feedback message is sent (indicated by a light blue block). + +Labels in the diagram include: + +- first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block +- MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 4 +- Uplink feedback message on TS 3 +- SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY) +- SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY) +- SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY) - UL + +Timing diagram showing time slots TS 1 through TS 5. Each TS is divided into 8 sub-slots (0-7). Labels indicate 'first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block' at TS 1. Red blocks show 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 4' on the serving cell. A light blue block shows 'Uplink feedback message on TS 3'. Further red and blue blocks appear on subsequent rows labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY) - UL'. + +1. / 2. The mobile station requests resources using a (PACKET) CHANNEL REQUEST message denoting "Single Block MBMS Access" and is allocated resources from the network. +3. The mobile station sends an MBMS SERVICE REQUEST message including its TLLI, the TMGI and the session ID of the requested MBMS service. In case the MBMS SERVICE REQUEST message is not correctly received on the network side, the network may repeat the IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message on AGCH (or PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT message on PAGCH), allowing the mobile station to re-send the MBMS SERVICE REQUEST message. +4. Upon receiving the MBMS SERVICE REQUEST message the network can either: + - Instruct the mobile station to move to an MBMS point-to-multipoint bearer (MBMS ASSIGNMENT message including the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID and the p-t-m channel description); or + - Notify the mobile station that no p-t-m bearer will be available (MBMS ASSIGNMENT message not including the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID and the p-t-m channel description) and report the cause indication why no p-t-m bearer was established (see sub-clause 6.1.1.4). + +In case an uplink feedback channel is established, if there are further MS\_ID identifiers available, after sending the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message, the network may decide to send an MBMS MS\_ID ASSIGNMENT message on PACCH to perform the addressing procedure (see sub-clause 6.1.1.5). + +NOTE. The network may send a single assignment message including not only the TMGI, the Session Id, the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID, the MBMS In-band Signalling Indicator, the MBMS session duration and the p-t-m channel description, but also the TLLI, the MS\_ID and the timing advance parameters in the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message. + +In case an uplink feedback channel is established, but there are no more MS\_ID identifiers available, the network may: + +- Release the uplink feedback channel, adopting a retransmission strategy that does not exploit user feedback; or +- Retain the uplink feedback channel and decide not to address the new mobile station. In this case, the mobile station shall only listen to the MBMS p-t-m radio bearer and will not send any feedback. + +#### 6.2.2.2 Fast reception resumption + +If a mobile station receiving an MBMS session on a p-t-m channel reselects a new cell for which it has received information about an MBMS bearer being allocated for that session (as described in sub-clause 6.2.1), the mobile station shall immediately switch to this MBMS bearer and continue receiving that MBMS session without waiting to receive a consistent set of (packet) system information messages on (P)BCCH in that cell. If the mobile station also has information about an uplink feedback channel being established in the cell, the mobile station shall initiate the address assignment procedure as described below, otherwise the mobile shall not perform any access to the network. If the mobile station is in DRX mode (e.g. it is not involved in a *routeing area update* procedure) and has received the indication that an MPRACH is allocated on the uplink feedback channel, it shall initiate the procedure on that MPRACH, otherwise the procedure is initiated by the mobile station either on a PCCCH or, if a packet control channel is not allocated in the cell, on a CCCH. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between a Mobile Station (MS) and a Base Station System (BSS) for fast reception resumption. The sequence consists of four steps: 1. MS sends a RACH: CHANNEL REQUEST or PRACH: PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST or MPRACH: MPRACH PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST to BSS. 2. BSS responds with an AGCH: IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT or PAGCH: PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT or PACCH: PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT. 3. MS sends an MBMS SERVICE REQUEST to BSS. 4. BSS responds with an MBMS ASSIGNMENT.](43837b056625d3d6ce615e4c02f163bb_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS + Note right of MS: 1. RACH: CHANNEL REQUEST or PRACH: PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST or MPRACH: MPRACH PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST + MS->>BSS: 1. RACH: CHANNEL REQUEST or PRACH: PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST or MPRACH: MPRACH PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST + Note left of BSS: 2. AGCH: IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT or PAGCH: PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT or PACCH: PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT + BSS-->>MS: 2. AGCH: IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT or PAGCH: PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT or PACCH: PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT + Note right of MS: 3. MBMS SERVICE REQUEST + MS->>BSS: 3. MBMS SERVICE REQUEST + Note left of BSS: 4. MBMS ASSIGNMENT + BSS-->>MS: 4. MBMS ASSIGNMENT + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between a Mobile Station (MS) and a Base Station System (BSS) for fast reception resumption. The sequence consists of four steps: 1. MS sends a RACH: CHANNEL REQUEST or PRACH: PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST or MPRACH: MPRACH PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST to BSS. 2. BSS responds with an AGCH: IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT or PAGCH: PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT or PACCH: PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT. 3. MS sends an MBMS SERVICE REQUEST to BSS. 4. BSS responds with an MBMS ASSIGNMENT. + +1. / 2. The mobile station requests resources using a MPRACH PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST or (PACKET) CHANNEL REQUEST message denoting "Single Block MBMS Access" and is allocated resources from the network. +3. The mobile station sends an MBMS SERVICE REQUEST message including its TLLI, the TMGI and the session ID of the requested MBMS service. +4. Upon receiving the MBMS SERVICE REQUEST message, if there are still MS\_ID identifiers available, the network may send: + - an MBMS ASSIGNMENT message on the PAGCH, or on the PCCCH corresponding to the mobile station PCCCH\_GROUP if the mobile station initiated the procedure on the MPRACH; or + - if PCCCH is not present in the cell, an IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message including the *Multiple Blocks Packet Downlink Assignment* construction on the AGCH, or on the CCCH corresponding to the mobile station CCCH\_GROUP if the mobile station initiated the procedure on the MPRACH, followed by the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message sent on the PDCH specified by the *Packet Channel Description* IE in the IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message (see 3GPP TS 44.060 and 3GPP TS 44.018). + +The MBMS ASSIGNMENT message includes not only the TMGI, the Session Id, the MBMS\_BEARER\_ID, the MBMS In-band Signalling Indicator, the MBMS session duration and the p-t-m channel description, but also the TLLI, the MS\_ID and the timing advance parameters. If there are no more MS\_ID identifiers available, the + +network shall answer with an MBMS ASSIGNMENT message containing no valid MS\_ID, to inform the mobile station to stop the address assignment procedure. + +After receiving the MS\_ID, the mobile station shall – upon polling - send an MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK message on the uplink feedback channel. + +NOTE: The decision regarding which cell the mobile station should reselect to is performed using the existing procedures (see 3GPP TS 45.008 [9]). + +### 6.2.3 Cell change + +The cell change procedures for mobile stations in broadcast/multicast receive mode are described in 3GPP TS 43.022 [10]. + +## 6.3 MBMS data transfer for p-t-m transmission + +### 6.3.1 General + +#### 6.3.1.1 Point-to-multipoint data transfer options + +For *A/Gb mode*, MBMS data, in the form of LLC frames, is mapped into the RLC/MAC-PTM\_DATA primitive and is distributed from the SGSN to each network within the MBMS Service Area. + +For the p-t-m transmission of MBMS data, the following alternatives are available: + +- 1) Without the support of an uplink feedback channel, i.e. without ARQ at the RLC/MAC layer. Each RLC/MAC block may be retransmitted an unspecified number of times according to the principles outlined in sub-clause 6.3.1.2 below and in 3GPP TS 44.060. +- 2) With the support of an uplink feedback channel, i.e. with ARQ at the RLC/MAC layer. A selective retransmission technique may be used; this does not preclude the possibility to also retransmit blocks independently on user feedback, as described in bullet 1 above. + +For *A/Gb mode*, the LLC layer always operates in unacknowledged mode. + +#### 6.3.1.2 RLC protocol behaviour + +During an MBMS data transfer, the RLC protocol shall operate in non-persistent mode (see 3GPP TS 44.060), regardless of the presence of a feedback channel. + +The RLC endpoints in the network and in the mobile stations shall not expect that every RLC block is correctly received at the mobile station side. + +The mobile station shall consider as valid RLC blocks all the RLC blocks higher than the next expected highest numbered RLC block as well as those starting from the next expected highest numbered RLC block and going backwards a number of blocks equal to the default window size in the GPRS case or to the window size signalled by the network in the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message in the EGPRS case. If an NPM Transfer Time limitation is associated with the MBMS bearer, the mobile station shall consider as valid RLC blocks all the RLC blocks meeting the conditions above for which the corresponding timer has not expired. The network should avoid (re)transmitting RLC blocks that will not be considered as valid by the mobile stations, to avoid wasting radio resources (see 3GPP TS 44.060). + +The RLC protocol behaviour in the mobile station is independent of the availability of an MS\_ID identifier in the mobile station and is independent of the transmission strategy used by the network. + +### 6.3.2 Block retransmission based on mobile station feedback + +During the MBMS session, the MS\_ID is used by the network in order to address a mobile station, and by the mobile station in order to allow the network to identify that mobile station among all the mobile stations involved in that MBMS session. Each mobile station addressed with an MS\_ID may at any time be requested to send an MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK message. + +![Sequence diagram showing MBMS data transmission between MS, BSS, and SGSN. The diagram illustrates the flow of data and control messages. 1. SGSN sends MBMS Data to BSS. 2. BSS sends MBMS Data to MS. 3. BSS sends MBMS Data [(E)S/P, RRBP, MBMS Bearer ID + MS_ID] to MS. 4. MS sends MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK [MBMS Bearer ID + MS_ID] to BSS. 5. BSS sends MBMS Data to SGSN. 6. BSS sends MBMS Data to MS.](8fa679f79a1bb1f527cba9f29e784e89_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BSS + participant SGSN + Note right of SGSN: MBMS Data + SGSN->>BSS: MBMS Data + Note left of BSS: MBMS Data + BSS->>MS: MBMS Data + Note left of BSS: MBMS Data [(E)S/P, RRBP, MBMS Bearer ID + MS_ID] + BSS->>MS: MBMS Data [(E)S/P, RRBP, MBMS Bearer ID + MS_ID] + Note left of MS: MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK [MBMS Bearer ID + MS_ID] + MS->>BSS: MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK [MBMS Bearer ID + MS_ID] + Note right of BSS: MBMS Data + BSS->>SGSN: MBMS Data + Note left of BSS: MBMS Data + BSS->>MS: MBMS Data + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing MBMS data transmission between MS, BSS, and SGSN. The diagram illustrates the flow of data and control messages. 1. SGSN sends MBMS Data to BSS. 2. BSS sends MBMS Data to MS. 3. BSS sends MBMS Data [(E)S/P, RRBP, MBMS Bearer ID + MS\_ID] to MS. 4. MS sends MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK [MBMS Bearer ID + MS\_ID] to BSS. 5. BSS sends MBMS Data to SGSN. 6. BSS sends MBMS Data to MS. + +The global identifier (MBMS\_BEARER\_ID + MS\_ID) allows the network to address a specific mobile station on an MBMS p-t-m bearer. + +- 1) The mobile station addressed via the global identifier (MBMS\_BEARER\_ID + MS\_ID) shall send an MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK message in the uplink radio block period specified by the RRBP value. The mobile station includes the (MBMS\_BEARER\_ID + MS\_ID) in the MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK message in order to let the network detect the correct identity of the responding mobile station. +- 2) The network processes the received MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK messages and may perform retransmissions accordingly. + +The mobile station shall notify, whenever possible, the network of the release of the MS\_ID for that MBMS radio bearer, on the mobile station side, for whatever reason, in the MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK message. In turn and consequently, the network may send an MBMS MS\_ID ASSIGNMENT message to the mobile station, deleting the MS\_ID previously assigned to that mobile station on that MBMS radio bearer. Any procedure triggering the release of the MS\_ID on the mobile station side shall not be delayed by such release indication (otherwise such release indication shall not be sent). + +## 6.4 Multiple sessions + +### 6.4.1 Transmission of multiple sessions + +When transmitting multiple sessions on the same carrier, the network has the following options: + +- 1) the sessions can be multiplexed on the same timeslot or group of timeslots; +- 2) the sessions can be transmitted on separate timeslots or groups of timeslots; +- 3) some sessions can be transmitted with partial overlap on a subset of all the timeslots on which the sessions are located; +- 4) a combination of the above. + +When data transfer is with ARQ, separate groups of timeslots in the downlink shall be associated with different timeslots in the uplink for the transmission of MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK messages. + +If sessions, for which system information and paging messages are sent on the PACCH (see sub-clause 6.6), are transmitted with partial overlap, the network may send the system information on one of the timeslots common to the overlapping sessions in order to reduce the signalling load. + +### 6.4.2 Reception of multiple sessions + +The reception of multiple sessions in parallel shall be dependent upon mobile station capabilities. + +NOTE: Depending on the timeslot allocation for the sessions, a mobile station may not be capable of transmitting MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK messages on more than one uplink feedback channel. + +In the following the priority is an Individual Priority which is mobile station-specific and user-defined. The Individual Priority allows for prioritisation between MBMS bearer services on a per-mobile station basis. + +1. If there is a clash of MBMS notification messages, then the mobile station acts on the MBMS Notification with the highest associated priority. If the highest associated priority is the same for two or more MBMS Notifications, then the mobile station shall perform an implementation dependent selection of the MBMS sessions. The mobile station shall not respond to other, lower (or equal) priority MBMS Notifications but may still receive the corresponding sessions, if the capabilities of the mobile station allow. +2. Reception of notification of lower (or equal) priority MBMS session whilst receiving higher priority MBMS session(s): + +If the MBMS bearer configuration is contained in the Notification and the capabilities of the mobile station allow, the mobile station may receive the new session in parallel, otherwise, if the Notification does not contain the MBMS bearer configuration and requires the counting procedure, the mobile station shall not perform the counting procedure but may still receive the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message to check if the new MBMS bearer configuration is consistent with its capabilities. If so, the mobile station may receive the new session in parallel. + +3. Reception of notification of higher priority MBMS session whilst receiving lower priority MBMS session(s): + +If the MBMS bearer configuration is contained in the Notification and the capabilities of the mobile station allow, the mobile station may receive all the sessions in parallel. If the capabilities of the mobile station do not allow for the reception of the new session in parallel, the mobile station stops the reception of the lower priority MBMS session(s) no longer consistent with the capabilities of the mobile station (assuming the mobile station would receive the higher priority MBMS session) and receives the new session. + +If the MBMS bearer configuration is not contained in the Notification and the notification requires the counting procedure, the mobile station shall temporarily stop the reception of the lower priority MBMS session(s) and perform the counting procedure for the higher priority MBMS session. If, after receiving the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message, the mobile station detects that its capabilities do not allow for the reception of this new session in parallel, the mobile station stops the reception of the lower priority MBMS session(s) no longer consistent with the capabilities of the mobile station (assuming the mobile station would receive the higher priority MBMS session) and receives the new session. + +4. Cell Change whilst active on multiple MBMS sessions: + +When the mobile station moves to the target cell, if in the serving cell the mobile station has received the MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION message for (one of) the highest priority MBMS session(s) and possibly MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION messages for other sessions, then the mobile station performs the Fast Reception Resumption procedure for (one of) the highest priority MBMS session(s) and, if the mobile station capabilities allow, for other MBMS sessions where bearer information is known from the serving cell. + +If in the serving cell the mobile station does not receive the MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION message for (any of) the highest priority MBMS session(s), then in the target cell the mobile station performs the Fast Reception Resumption procedure without performing accesses for the session(s) where the MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION messages have been received. The mobile station performs access in the target cell for (one of) the highest priority MBMS session(s). After being informed of the bearer allocation of the highest priority MBMS session, the mobile station may perform the access part of the Fast Reception Resumption procedure (if an uplink feedback channel is established) for the sessions that fall within the mobile station capabilities. The mobile station stops the reception of the session(s) that does (do) not fall within the mobile station capabilities with respect to priority, i.e. stops the reception of lower priority sessions. + +The mobile station may perform access for the lower (or equal) priority MBMS sessions which were ongoing in the serving cell where the mobile station has not received the MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION messages while the highest priority MBMS session is ongoing. In this case, the MBMS access is performed in passive mode, i.e. the mobile station notifies the network that the mobile station shall not be counted, but the network may still address and assign the mobile station an MS\_ID value, if available and the network wishes to do so. If the capabilities of the mobile station allow, the mobile station may receive all (or some of) the lower (or equal) priority sessions in parallel with the highest priority session. + +In the case where the bearer for the highest priority MBMS session is not allocated in the target cell, then the mobile station attempts the above described procedure with the next highest priority MBMS session and stops this process when a bearer is allocated. + +Note: the application layer of the mobile station may decide to terminate the reception of any MBMS bearer, e.g. the application layer may terminate the MBMS bearer if a p-t-p repair is initiated and the MBMS bearer is outside the radio access capabilities (e.g. multislot capability) of the mobile station. + +# 5. MBMS channel reconfiguration: + +If a mobile station is receiving multiple MBMS bearers and any of these are reconfigured by the network in a way that does not fall within the radio access capabilities (e.g. multislot capability) of the mobile station, then the mobile station shall continue receiving (one of) the highest priority MBMS session(s) and any other MBMS sessions that fall within the mobile station capabilities. + +General Note: If the uplink feedback channels are not allocated within the multislot capabilities of the mobile station, then the mobile station shall select (one of) the highest priority MBMS session(s) with a feedback channel and any other MBMS sessions with feedback channels that then fall within the multislot capabilities. + +## 6.5 Suspension/Resumption of the reception of an MBMS session + +In case where a suspension occurs, a mobile station supporting multiple TBFs may retain the radio layer information for the suspended MBMS session until the expiry of the timeout timer that controls the normal operation during MBMS data transfer. The radio layer information is anyway deleted if the mobile station performs a cell reselection or the session duration timer for the suspended MBMS session expires. + +When the mobile station returns to packet idle mode (or completes the reception of higher priority MBMS session(s) preventing the mobile station from receiving the suspended MBMS session), if the radio layer information is still available, then the mobile station attempts to resume the reception of the suspended MBMS session, otherwise the mobile station shall perform an MBMS access, according to sub-clause 6.2.2.1. + +## 6.6 Acquisition of system information and paging messages + +### 6.6.1 General + +During the MBMS session, the mobile station needs to read system information for the serving cell and be able to receive CS and/or PS paging messages. The acquisition of system information (see sub-clause 6.6.2) and paging messages (see sub-clause 6.6.3) shall be done on (P)BCCH and (P)CCCH or on the PACCH as indicated by the MBMS In-band Signalling Indicator IE included in the MBMS ASSIGNMENT and MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION messages. + +### 6.6.2 Acquisition of system information + +The mobile station reads system information for the serving cell from the (P)BCCH in parallel to the reception of the MBMS radio bearer, unless the network has indicated, by setting the MBMS In-band Signalling Indicator, that system information are sent on the PACCH of the MBMS radio bearer. + +### 6.6.3 Reception of paging messages + +The mobile station reads paging messages from the (P)CCCH in parallel to the reception of the MBMS radio bearer, unless the network has indicated, by setting the MBMS In-band Signalling Indicator, that paging messages are sent on the PACCH of the MBMS radio bearer, and the mobile station has received an MS\_ID. If a mobile station has not (yet) + +received an MS\_ID on the MBMS radio bearer, and the location of the MBMS radio bearer with respect to the control channels does not allow the mobile station to read the (P)CCCH, the mobile station shall skip the reception of those radio blocks of the MBMS radio bearer that would prevent the monitoring of its paging group on the paging channel(s). + +NOTE: If the mobile station is in non-DRX mode period (e.g. during a *routeing area update* procedure) it shall read all the paging occurrences on the (P)CCCH. + +The network does not need to send paging messages on the PACCH to a mobile station whose MS\_ID has been released due to that the mobile station has not responded when being polled (i.e. T3195 has started for that MS\_ID). + +If the network sets the MBMS In-band Signalling Indicator, MBMS notifications are also sent on the PACCH. + +# --- 7 Mobile Station requirements + +## 7.1 General requirements + +An MBMS capable mobile station shall be able to receive at least one MBMS service. The mobile station shall also be able to receive multiple services if they are transmitted on the same carrier (provided that the MBMS multislot capabilities of the mobile station are not exceeded). The simultaneous reception of multiple services on different carriers shall be dependent upon mobile station capabilities. + +A mobile station receiving an MBMS p-t-m transmission shall be in *broadcast/multicast receive mode*. This state is defined only for the mobile station; from the network's point of view, the mobile station shall be in packet idle mode. However, if the network has indicated in the assignment message that the mobile station does not need to listen to the (P)CCCH and (P)BCCH in parallel to the MBMS data, and the mobile station has an MS\_ID on that MBMS radio bearer, the network needs to keep track of such mobile station listening to that MBMS radio bearer in order to send CS and/or PS paging messages on the PACCH/D. + +Unless the network has indicated in the assignment message that the mobile station does not need to listen to the (P)BCCH and (P)CCCH in parallel to the MBMS data, the mobile station shall, in parallel to the MBMS data, read system information for the serving cell from the broadcast control channel and CS and/or PS paging messages from its paging group on the paging channel(s) allocated in the cell. Reading system information and paging messages takes precedence over listening to the MBMS session. + +NOTE: In case the network does not provide system information and paging messages on the PACCH, the location of the MBMS bearer with respect to the control channels should be chosen such that it will be possible for the mobile station to read all the PDCHs of the MBMS radio bearer while monitoring the control channels. + +A mobile station receiving MBMS shall operate in Network Control mode NC0 (see 3GPP TS 45.008 [9]) even if it had been commanded otherwise by the network. If in GMM-Ready state, the mobile station shall move to NC0 upon the start of the MBMS session. Upon termination of the MBMS session, the mobile station shall revert to the control mode commanded by the network before the start of the MBMS session if the mobile station is still in GMM-Ready state. + +## 7.2 Mobile Station tasks + +When in broadcast/multicast receive mode, the requirements for monitoring the received signal level of neighbouring cells shall be the same as those for packet idle mode (see 3GPP TS 45.008 [9]). For the reconfirmation of the BSIC of neighbouring cells, however, the requirements for packet transfer mode shall apply (see 3GPP TS 45.008 [9]). + +If the PBCCH is not present in the serving cell, a mobile station in broadcast/multicast receive mode shall not attempt to decode the BCCH data block that contains the parameters affecting cell reselection for non-serving cells that have been provided by the System Information (see 3GPP TS 45.008 [9]). Instead, this information shall be provided by the serving cell either on BCCH or on PACCH. + +The behaviour of the MS which does not receive in time or does not receive at all this information is defined in 3GPP TS 43.022 [10]. + +Mobile stations in broadcast/multicast receive mode shall obey the intra-RAT and inter-RAT cell reselection algorithms defined for the GMM Ready state (see 3GPP TS 45.008). + +A mobile station in broadcast/multicast receive mode shall be able to respond to a PACKET POLLING REQUEST message as defined in 3GPP TS 44.060 when addressed with its TLLI. It shall also be able to receive a PACKET POWER CONTROL/TIMING ADVANCE message and act accordingly (see 3GPP TS 44.060). + +## 7.3 Multislot capabilities + +The multislot capability of an MBMS capable mobile station shall be such that the mobile station is capable of receiving on up to 5 timeslots per frame and the timeslots shall be assigned within a window of maximum size $R_x=6$ . + +An MBMS capable mobile station shall be capable of receiving MBMS: + +- on up to 4 timeslots simultaneously, if the MS must listen to the (P)BCCH and (P)CCCH in addition to the timeslots assigned for MBMS data transfer; or +- on up to 5 timeslots simultaneously, if PBCCH/PCCCH is mapped on one of the PDCHs assigned to the MBMS session and the number of timeslots assigned to the PCCCH is equal to one; or +- on up to 5 timeslots simultaneously, if the network transmits system information and paging messages on the PACCH of the MBMS radio bearer. + +NOTE: The downlink timeslots could be used to receive multiple MBMS sessions in parallel (see subclause 6.4). + +If data transfer is with ARQ (see subclause 6.3), the mobile station shall additionally be capable of transmitting on up to two timeslots. The number of timeslots allocated for the reception of MBMS ( $m$ ) and the number of timeslots allocated for transmission ( $n$ ) shall be such that the sum of $m$ and $n$ does not exceed 6 (5 in case the mobile station needs to listen to the (P)BCCH and (P)CCCH in addition to the timeslots assigned for MBMS data transfer). + +Regardless of the data transfer method, the mobile station shall additionally be capable of reading the (P)BCCH and the (P)CCCH on up to one additional timeslot in those frames where the mobile station is required to read the (packet) broadcast control channel or the (packet) common control channel. The network can however indicate in the assignment message that the mobile station will receive system information and CS and/or PS paging messages on the PACCH/D of the MBMS radio bearer. In that case, the mobile station shall not listen to the (P)BCCH and the (P)CCCH in parallel to the MBMS data (see sub-clause 6.6). + +NOTE: This will be possible without interrupting the reception of MBMS only if allowed by the relative location of the (packet) control channels and of the MBMS traffic channel and depending on the number of timeslots allocated to MBMS (see Annex B), unless system information for the serving cell and CS and/or PS paging messages are transferred on the PACCH/D. + +If the number of timeslots allocated to the (P)CCCH is higher than one, the number of timeslots on which MBMS can be received may be reduced. + +## 7.4 MBMS notification for mobile stations in dedicated mode or packet transfer mode or dual transfer mode + +A mobile station in class A mode of operation which supports the MBMS feature and requires notification of commencing MBMS sessions during dedicated mode operation shall perform the service information sending procedure: + +- at the earliest opportunity after the early Classmark sending procedure and any DTM related signalling, if and only if the dedicated mode MBMS notification feature is supported in the cell; or +- if the P-TMSI of the MS is reallocated during the CS connection and the dedicated mode MBMS notification feature is supported in the cell; or +- on the main DCCH of a target cell after successfully completing the handover procedure, if indicated to do so in the HANDOVER COMMAND message and the dedicated mode MBMS notification feature is supported in the target cell. + +# --- 8 Network requirements + +## 8.1 General requirements + +In a network providing MBMS services, the support of the PBCCH is not mandatory. + +If the PBCCH is not present in a cell, the network shall provide the parameters affecting cell reselection towards neighbouring cells either on BCCH or on the PACCH. + +For each session in a given cell, the network may provide MBMS neighbouring cell information as described in sub-clause 6.2.1. + +If the PBCCH is allocated, the support of NMO I is mandatory. + +NOTE: If NMO III is used, the mobile station may need to interrupt the reception of MBMS to listen to CS paging messages. + +The network may transmit an MBMS session on up to 4 timeslots, regardless of whether data transfer is with or without ARQ (see subclause 6.3). + +## 8.2 MBMS notification for mobile stations in dedicated mode or packet transfer mode or dual transfer mode + +The network indicates whether the network supports the Dedicated MBMS Notification mechanism and therefore whether the mobile stations are allowed to send the SERVICE INFORMATION message or include information in the GPRS SUSPENSION REQUEST message being sent to the network on the main DCCH. + +The network may notify a mobile station that has requested to be notified on the main DCCH of starting MBMS sessions when in dedicated mode or MAC-Dedicated state, using the MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message. + +The network may inform a mobile station in the HANDOVER COMMAND message that a mobile station after completing the Handover procedure should re-request the network to send notifications on the main DCCH for starting MBMS sessions, if previously requested. + +Note: The network should ensure that any transmissions of the MBMS ANNOUNCEMENT message, for the purpose of notifying the mobile station of the start of an MBMS session, are only sent to mobile stations that joined that MBMS session. + +# --- Annex A (normative): Requirements and recommendations + +## A.1 General requirements and recommendations + +### A.1.1 General requirements + +1. MBMS shall utilise the radio resource in an efficient manner. +2. MBMS data transfer shall be downlink only. +3. The reception of MBMS data blocks in p-t-m is not guaranteed at the GERAN level. MBMS does not support individual retransmissions at the radio link layer. This does not preclude the periodic repetitions of the MBMS content based on operator or content provider scheduling or retransmissions based on feedback at the radio level and/or at the application level. +4. Simultaneous reception of MBMS and non-MBMS services shall be possible and shall depend upon mobile station capabilities. +5. Simultaneous transmission of more than one MBMS service shall be possible and the reception shall depend upon mobile station capabilities. +6. Mobile station controlled "service based" cell selection/reselection shall not be permitted. +7. A mechanism to enable the network to move MBMS subscribers, in an MBMS session, between RATs and cells is required. +8. Supported QoS attributes shall be the same for MBMS Multicast and Broadcast modes. +9. During MBMS data transmission it shall be possible to page a given mobile station, irrespective of the RRC state / RR mode of operation. +10. The MBMS Notification procedure shall be used to indicate the start (and potentially about the ongoing) of MBMS data transmission in the cell. + - 10.a. The mobile station shall return to DRX mode (if it was in DRX mode before receiving the notification) in case no bearer establishment for that particular session has been received before a given time. A maximum time limit needs to be defined on the network side between notification and bearer establishment. + - 10.b. The mobile station shall disregard a notification for which no bearer establishment has been received before a given time + - 10.c. Mobile station reaction upon notification must be done on a session basis, in which case means must exist to distinguish in the network the mobile station responses per session + - 10.d. Due to capacity reasons, GERAN shall be able in any particular cell within the service area, not to notify the session start of a given session hence not to transfer this session at all +11. A mechanism shall be defined to enable the network to start the MBMS data transmission for a multicast session in a cell if there is at least one user joined to this multicast session in the cell. +12. A mechanism shall be defined to allow the network to stop the MBMS data transmission for a given multicast session in a cell which does not contain any MBMS mobile station joined to this multicast session. +13. Continuing the acquisition of a given MBMS service after cell change within the MBMS service area shall be possible. + +### A.1.2 General recommendations + +1. MBMS should maximise the reuse of existing channels. +2. The GERAN should provide mechanisms to reduce the MBMS outage for a mobile station at cell change. + +3. Header compression should be supported. + +## A.2 Mobile Station requirements and recommendations + +### A.2.1 Mobile Station requirements + +1. During an MBMS session the mobile station shall be able to listen to the required paging channel(s), unless the network has indicated that the paging messages are sent on the PACCH/D of that MBMS session and the mobile station has received an MS\_ID. + +### A.2.2 Mobile Station recommendations + +No recommendations for the mobile station have been identified. + +## A.3 GERAN requirements and recommendations + +### A.3.1 GERAN requirements + +1. The procedure for MBMS mobile station multicast activation (Joining) shall be transparent to the GERAN. +2. The MBMS Notification procedure shall be performed within the MBMS service area. +3. MBMS shall not prevent support for SGSN in pool. +4. MBMS shall allow for efficient mobile station power consumption. + +### A.3.1 GERAN recommendations + +1. MBMS charging should be transparent to the GERAN. + +# Annex B (informative): Physical channel allocation scenarios + +In this Annex, the maximum number of timeslots that can be received by an MBMS capable mobile station in different scenarios is investigated. This investigation is useful in the case of the reception of multiple sessions. The maximum number of timeslots that an MBMS session can be transmitted upon is 4. When transmitting multiple sessions on the same carrier, the network can choose one of the options in subclause 6.4.1; depending on the number of timeslots allocated to each session and which of the options in subclause 6.4.1 is chosen, the mobile station may or may not be able to listen to more than one session in parallel. + +Only the cases where the mobile station needs to listen to the (P)CCCH and (P)BCCH in parallel to the MBMS data are analysed in this Annex. The analysis is carried out under the assumption that the mobile station is able to read both the (packet) broadcast control channel and the (packet) common control channel without having to interrupt the reception of MBMS and the transmission on the uplink feedback channel, if established. Additionally, in all the scenarios the maximum number of timeslots is calculated assuming that both the (P)BCCH and the (P)CCCH are located on only one timeslot; if this assumption is not satisfied (i.e. additional timeslots are used for (P)CCCH), the number of timeslots that MBMS can be received upon will be reduced. + +Throughout the Annex, the maximum number of timeslots for each scenario is calculated assuming that the mobile station capabilities require $T_{tb} = 1$ and $T_{ra} = 1$ (see 3GPP TS 45.002 [8]). + +NOTE: Due to the fact that $T_{ra} = 1$ , neighbour cell measurements are not indicated in the figures. + +The maximum number of timeslots will depend on whether an uplink feedback channel per MBMS session is established or not (see subclause 6.3). In case where an uplink feedback channel per MBMS session is established, for simplicity reasons in the following it is assumed that (any of) the uplink feedback channel(s) is(are) established on the same uplink timeslot. + +The material in this Annex is not meant to provide an exhaustive analysis but only to give some general guidance. + +## B.1 Data transfer when no uplink feedback channel is established + +### B.1.1 PBCCH not deployed, transmission with frequency hopping + +![Figure B.1: Diagram illustrating physical channel allocation scenarios with frequency hopping. It shows four horizontal timelines representing different frequency bands. The top timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY)' and shows a green block at timeslot 0 labeled 'first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block'. The second timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and shows a red block from timeslot 2 to 5 labeled 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 5'. The third and fourth timelines are also labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and show red blocks from timeslot 2 to 5. Arrows indicate the reception of the green block and the red blocks across the different frequency bands.](6929132b4964d52244da61d4614bc4d6_img.jpg) + +Figure B.1: Diagram illustrating physical channel allocation scenarios with frequency hopping. It shows four horizontal timelines representing different frequency bands. The top timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY)' and shows a green block at timeslot 0 labeled 'first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block'. The second timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and shows a red block from timeslot 2 to 5 labeled 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 5'. The third and fourth timelines are also labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and show red blocks from timeslot 2 to 5. Arrows indicate the reception of the green block and the red blocks across the different frequency bands. + +Figure B.1 + +Figure B.1 shows that it is possible to have the simultaneous reception of paging or broadcast channel and MBMS data if MBMS sessions are received on up to 4 timeslots. + +NOTE: In this scenario, it would be possible to receive multiple MBMS sessions on up to 5 timeslots, still meeting the requirement of $T_{ra} = 1$ ; however, this exceeds the required multislot capabilities of an MBMS capable mobile station. + +It is assumed that channel combination iv (BCCH+CCCH+FCCH+SCH) is allocated on TN 0 of the BCCH carrier. If the CCCH is located on other timeslots in addition to timeslot 0, the number of timeslots that MBMS can be received on is reduced. For example, if a second timeslot is allocated to the CCCH (i.e. BS\_CC\_CHANS = 2), then it necessarily has to be timeslot 2 (see 3GPP TS 45.002 [8]). Therefore only timeslots 4, 5 and 6 can be used for the transmission of MBMS, and the maximum number of timeslots is reduced to 3. + +### B.1.2 PBCCH not deployed, transmission without frequency hopping + +![Figure B.2: Timeline diagram showing timeslot allocation for MBMS service without frequency hopping. The timeline spans 8 frames (0-7). Frame 0 is labeled 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY)'. Red blocks indicate 'MBMS service on TS 1 to TS 4' in frames 1 and 2. Green blocks indicate the 'first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block' at TS 0 in frames 3 and 7.](759c7d62402f0b4651ddce292be5bdef_img.jpg) + +Figure B.2: Timeline diagram showing timeslot allocation for MBMS service without frequency hopping. The timeline spans 8 frames (0-7). Frame 0 is labeled 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY)'. Red blocks indicate 'MBMS service on TS 1 to TS 4' in frames 1 and 2. Green blocks indicate the 'first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block' at TS 0 in frames 3 and 7. + +**Figure B.2** + +Figure B.2 shows that in this scenario the maximum number of timeslots that one or more MBMS sessions can be received upon is 4. + +NOTE: It would be possible to receive multiple MBMS sessions on up to 6 timeslots, still meeting the requirement of $T_{ra} = 1$ , but this exceeds the required multislot capabilities of an MBMS capable mobile station. + +### B.1.3 PBCCH deployed, transmission with frequency hopping + +![Figure B.3: Timeline diagram showing timeslot allocation for MBMS service with frequency hopping. The timeline spans 8 frames (0-7). Red blocks indicate 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 5' across multiple frames. Blue blocks indicate the 'first burst of a paging block or a PBCCH block' at TS 0 in frames 3 and 7. Various frames are labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' at TS 2, 5, and 2 respectively.](7a02de7ed198501f7a4f6ca37c3f28c5_img.jpg) + +Figure B.3: Timeline diagram showing timeslot allocation for MBMS service with frequency hopping. The timeline spans 8 frames (0-7). Red blocks indicate 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 5' across multiple frames. Blue blocks indicate the 'first burst of a paging block or a PBCCH block' at TS 0 in frames 3 and 7. Various frames are labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' at TS 2, 5, and 2 respectively. + +**Figure B.3** + +Figure B.3 shows that in this scenario the maximum number of timeslots that one or more MBMS sessions can be received upon is 4. + +NOTE 1: It would be possible to receive multiple MBMS sessions on up to 6 timeslots, still meeting the requirement of $T_{ra} = 1$ , but this exceeds the required multislot capabilities of an MBMS capable mobile station. + +It is assumed that channel combination xi (PBCCH+PCCCH+PDTCH/F+PACCH/F+PTCCH/F) is present on TN 0 and that all the PCCCH blocks are located on the same timeslot as the PBCCH (i.e. no PCCCH blocks are located on other timeslots). + +NOTE 2: As paging coordination is mandatory in the network for MBMS, the mobile station does not need to read the BCCH and the CCCH. + +It is also assumed that both the PBCCH and the MBMS traffic channels use frequency hopping, that the hopping pattern is the same and that, in every frame, the PBCCH and the MBMS traffic channels are transmitted on the same frequency. If the hopping pattern is not the same, the maximum number of timeslots that one or more MBMS sessions can be received upon is still 4. + +## B.2 Data transfer when an uplink feedback channel is established + +### B.2.1 PBCCH not deployed, transmission with frequency hopping + +![Figure B.4: Timing diagram showing data transfer with frequency hopping. The diagram consists of five horizontal timelines representing different serving cell frequencies. The top timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY)' and shows a green block at timeslot 0 labeled 'first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block'. The second timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and shows a red block from timeslot 2 to 4 labeled 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 4'. The third timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY) - UL' and shows a light blue dashed block at timeslot 3 labeled 'Uplink feedback message on TS 3'. The fourth timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and shows a red block from timeslot 2 to 4. The fifth timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY) - UL' and shows a light blue dashed block at timeslot 3. Arrows indicate the flow of data: from the red block on the second timeline to the light blue block on the third, and from the light blue block on the third to the red block on the fourth. Dashed arrows also show the relationship between the green block on the first timeline and the red blocks on the fourth and fifth timelines.](f0a97d0d3818a253c1d2a009966081b1_img.jpg) + +Figure B.4: Timing diagram showing data transfer with frequency hopping. The diagram consists of five horizontal timelines representing different serving cell frequencies. The top timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY)' and shows a green block at timeslot 0 labeled 'first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block'. The second timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and shows a red block from timeslot 2 to 4 labeled 'MBMS service on TS 2 to TS 4'. The third timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY) - UL' and shows a light blue dashed block at timeslot 3 labeled 'Uplink feedback message on TS 3'. The fourth timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and shows a red block from timeslot 2 to 4. The fifth timeline is labeled 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY) - UL' and shows a light blue dashed block at timeslot 3. Arrows indicate the flow of data: from the red block on the second timeline to the light blue block on the third, and from the light blue block on the third to the red block on the fourth. Dashed arrows also show the relationship between the green block on the first timeline and the red blocks on the fourth and fifth timelines. + +Figure B.4 + +In this configuration, it is assumed that the BCCH and the CCCH are located on timeslot 0 (with no additional timeslots assigned to CCCH). As shown in Figure B.4, the mobile station is able to transmit also when the BCCH or the CCCH need to be read, if one or more MBMS sessions are received on up to 3 timeslots. + +NOTE 1: If in a frame the MS needs to read the BCCH or CCCH and transmit on the uplink, the MS will need to perform three switchings within that frame. + +NOTE 2: After receiving a (pre-)notification for a new session while listening to an ongoing session, the mobile station enters non-DRX mode and listens to all the paging blocks on the CCCH to receive a(n) (notification)assignment. As the time elapsing until the assignment received on the mobile station side (see subclauses 6.1.1.2, 6.1.1.3, 6.1.1.4) could last for a considerable length of time (up to the value of T3214, which is equal to 60 seconds, see 3GPP TS 44.018 and 3GPP TS 44.060), the worst case is in those frames where the mobile station is required to: read 1 timeslot for BCCH or CCCH, use 1 timeslot for switching from the reception of BCCH/CCCH to the reception of MBMS, read 3 timeslots for MBMS and transmit on 1 timeslot to send feedback. In this scenario the sum of RX and TX is equal to 6; this leaves only 2 timeslots for switching. As the mobile station needs to be able to perform neighbour cell measurements during these periods, it follows that $T_{tb} = 1$ and $T_{ra} = 1$ . + +### B.2.2 PBCCH not deployed, transmission without frequency hopping + +![Figure B.5: Timing diagram for PBCCH not deployed, transmission without frequency hopping. The diagram shows two horizontal timelines. The top timeline represents the 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY)' and shows four red blocks representing MBMS service on timeslots 1 to 4. The bottom timeline represents the 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY) - UL' and shows three light blue dashed blocks representing uplink feedback messages on timeslot 3. Arrows indicate the flow of data: from the top timeline to the bottom timeline for uplink feedback, and from the bottom timeline to the top timeline for the first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block.](744acfe8d4e31bcf03f95714c2f6e567_img.jpg) + +Figure B.5: Timing diagram for PBCCH not deployed, transmission without frequency hopping. The diagram shows two horizontal timelines. The top timeline represents the 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY)' and shows four red blocks representing MBMS service on timeslots 1 to 4. The bottom timeline represents the 'SERVING CELL (BCCH FREQUENCY) - UL' and shows three light blue dashed blocks representing uplink feedback messages on timeslot 3. Arrows indicate the flow of data: from the top timeline to the bottom timeline for uplink feedback, and from the bottom timeline to the top timeline for the first burst of a paging block or a BCCH block. + +Figure B.5 + +In this scenario, the maximum number of timeslots that one or more MBMS sessions can be received upon is 4. This assumes that both the BCCH and the CCCH are located on timeslot 0. + +NOTE: After receiving a (pre-)notification for a new session while listening to an ongoing session, the mobile station enters non-DRX mode and listens to all the paging blocks on the CCCH to receive a(n) (notification)assignment. As the time elapsing until the assignment received on the mobile station side (see subclauses 6.1.1.2, 6.1.1.3, 6.1.1.4) could last for a considerable length of time (up to the value of T3214, which is equal to 60 seconds, see 3GPP TS 44.018 and 3GPP TS 44.060), the worst case is in those frames where the mobile station is required to: read 1 timeslot for BCCH or CCCH, read 4 timeslots for MBMS and transmit on 1 timeslot to send feedback. In this scenario the sum of RX and TX is equal to 6; this leaves only 2 timeslots for switching. As the mobile station needs to be able to perform neighbour cell measurements during these periods, it follows that $T_{ib} = 1$ and $T_{ra} = 1$ . + +### B.2.3 PBCCH deployed, transmission with frequency hopping + +![Figure B.6: Timing diagram for PBCCH deployed, transmission with frequency hopping. The diagram shows five horizontal timelines. The first and third timelines represent the 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and show four red blocks representing MBMS service on timeslots 1 to 4. The second and fourth timelines represent the 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY) - UL' and show one light blue dashed block representing an uplink feedback message on timeslot 3. The fifth timeline shows a blue block on timeslot 0 followed by four red blocks on timeslots 1 to 4, representing the first burst of a paging block or a PBCCH block. Arrows indicate the flow of data: from the first timeline to the second for uplink feedback, from the second to the third, from the third to the fourth, and from the fourth to the fifth.](7fe7bcb3d40736e0b29d9f48ff3cc026_img.jpg) + +Figure B.6: Timing diagram for PBCCH deployed, transmission with frequency hopping. The diagram shows five horizontal timelines. The first and third timelines represent the 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY)' and show four red blocks representing MBMS service on timeslots 1 to 4. The second and fourth timelines represent the 'SERVING CELL (ANY FREQUENCY) - UL' and show one light blue dashed block representing an uplink feedback message on timeslot 3. The fifth timeline shows a blue block on timeslot 0 followed by four red blocks on timeslots 1 to 4, representing the first burst of a paging block or a PBCCH block. Arrows indicate the flow of data: from the first timeline to the second for uplink feedback, from the second to the third, from the third to the fourth, and from the fourth to the fifth. + +Figure B.6 + +Figure B.6 shows that in this scenario the maximum number of timeslots that one or more MBMS sessions can be received upon is 4. + +It is assumed that the PBCCH and the PCCCH are located on a single timeslot. If the PCCCH is transmitted on more than one timeslot, then the number of timeslots that one or more MBMS sessions can be received upon is reduced accordingly. + +NOTE 1: As paging coordination is mandatory in the network for MBMS, the mobile station does not need to read the BCCH and the CCCH. + +NOTE 2: After receiving a (pre-)notification for a new session while listening to an ongoing session, the mobile station enters non-DRX mode and listens to all the paging blocks on the PCCCH to receive a(n) (notification)assignment. As the time elapsing until the assignment received on the mobile station side (see subclauses 6.1.1.2, 6.1.1.3, 6.1.1.4) could last for a considerable length of time (up to the value of T3214, which is equal to 60 seconds, see 3GPP TS 44.060), the worst case is in those frames where the mobile station is required to: read 1 timeslot for PBCCH or PCCCH, read 4 timeslots for MBMS and transmit on 1 timeslot to send feedback. In this scenario the sum of RX and TX is equal to 6; this leaves only 2 timeslots for switching. As the mobile station needs to be able to perform neighbour cell measurements during these periods, it follows that $T_{tb} = 1$ and $T_{ra} = 1$ . + +It is also assumed that both the PBCCH and the MBMS traffic channels use frequency hopping, that the hopping pattern is the same and that, in every frame, the PBCCH and the MBMS traffic channels are transmitted on the same frequency. If the hopping pattern is not the same, the maximum number of timeslots that multiple MBMS sessions can be received upon is reduced to 3. + +NOTE 3: If the hopping pattern is not the same and in a frame the MS needs to read the PBCCH or PCCCH and transmit on the uplink, the MS will need to perform three switchings within that frame. + +# --- Annex C (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2004-08 | GP-21 | GP-042241 | | | Approved for Release 6 | | 6.0.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042782 | 001 | 1 | MBMS cell reselection | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042800 | 002 | 1 | Definition of MPRACH | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042778 | 003 | 1 | Clarification on RLC protocol behaviour | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042801 | 004 | 2 | Editorial corrections | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042908 | 007 | 3 | Suspension & Resumption of the reception of an MBMS session | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042566 | 008 | | Addition of flexible reconfiguration for MBMS BEARER ID and MS ID | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042678 | 009 | 1 | Addition of reception of multiple sessions | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042679 | 010 | 1 | Addition of the cause indication whereby an MBMS p-t-m bearer is not established in a cell inside the MBMS ASSIGNMENT message | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042805 | 011 | 1 | Prioritizing MBMS Neighbouring Cell Information | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042807 | 012 | 1 | Introduction of prenotification | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042681 | 013 | 1 | Modifications to description of MBMS Channels | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042898 | 014 | 3 | Use of the MBMS NEIGHBOURING CELL INFORMATION message | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042896 | 015 | 2 | MBMS notification for MS in packet transfer mode | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2004-11 | GP-22 | GP-042897 | 016 | 2 | MBMS notification for MS in dedicated mode | 6.0.0 | 6.1.0 | +| 2005-01 | GP-23 | GP-050309 | 019 | | Repeated notifications of an ongoing session | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2005-01 | GP-23 | GP-050310 | 020 | | Definition of when MBMS ASSIGNMENT is a distribution or non-distribution message | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2005-01 | GP-23 | GP-050438 | 021 | 1 | Update of sub-clause 6.1.1.3 | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2005-01 | GP-23 | GP-050439 | 022 | 1 | Access limitation definitions | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2005-01 | GP-23 | GP-050369 | 023 | | Deletion of MS ID | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2005-01 | GP-23 | GP-050598 | 024 | 2 | Clean-up to the MBMS stage 2 | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2005-01 | GP-23 | GP-050564 | 025 | | Corrections related to cell reselection | 6.1.0 | 6.2.0 | +| 2005-04 | GP-24 | GP-050985 | 026 | 1 | Clarification of usage of ARQ and block repetition | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| 2005-04 | GP-24 | GP-050634 | 027 | | Removal of multiple MBMS radio bearers per MBMS service per cell | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| 2005-04 | GP-24 | GP-050988 | 028 | 1 | Align Resource Management Procedure with Stage 3 | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| 2005-04 | GP-24 | GP-050891 | 029 | | Clarification of PACKET POLLING REQUEST message in MBMS broadcast/multicast mode | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| 2005-04 | GP-24 | GP-051128 | 030 | 2 | MBMS notification for MSs in dedicated mode | 6.2.0 | 6.3.0 | +| 2005-06 | GP-25 | GP-051359 | 031 | | Clarification to counting requirement for higher priority MBMS sessions during multiple sessions | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| 2005-06 | GP-25 | GP-051677 | 032 | 1 | Clarification of the session duration timer | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| 2005-06 | GP-25 | GP-051493 | 033 | | Corrections to Annex B | 6.3.0 | 6.4.0 | +| 2005-09 | GP-26 | GP-052235 | 0034 | 2 | Introduction of MBMS DOWNLINK ACK/NACK message | 6.4.0 | 6.5.0 | +| 2005-09 | GP-26 | GP-052232 | 0035 | 1 | Introduction of ARP for MBMS | 6.4.0 | 6.5.0 | +| 2005-11 | GP-27 | GP-052461 | 0036 | | Correction to MBMS notification for mobile stations in DTM or MAC-DTM state | 6.5.0 | 6.6.0 | +| 2005-11 | GP-27 | GP-052462 | 0037 | | Correction to passive mode | 6.5.0 | 6.6.0 | +| 2005-11 | GP-27 | GP-052878 | 0038 | 3 | MBMS Transfer Mode | 6.5.0 | 6.6.0 | +| 2006-04 | GP-29 | GP-060710 | 0040 | | Correction to reconfiguration for an MBMS radio bearer | 6.6.0 | 6.7.0 | +| 2006-04 | GP-29 | GP-060858 | 0043 | 1 | Clarification for T3195 | 6.6.0 | 6.7.0 | +| 2006-04 | GP-29 | GP-060777 | 0039 | 2 | MBMS cell reselection enhancement | 6.7.0 | 7.0.0 | +| 2006-06 | GP-30 | GP-061337 | 0045 | 1 | Correction to MS_ID release procedure | 7.0.0 | 7.1.0 | +| 2006-09 | GP-31 | GP-061864 | 0047 | 2 | Differentiation of the MBMS multislot capability requirements | 7.1.0 | 7.2.0 | +| 2006-09 | GP-31 | GP-061762 | 0049 | 1 | Correction to 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| +| 4.1 Objectives..... | 10 | +| 4.2 Benefits..... | 11 | +| 4.3 For further investigation..... | 11 | +| 5 Architecture alternatives..... | 11 | +| 5.1 A/Gn based architectures..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1 Enhanced Up..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.1 Architecture..... | 11 | +| 5.1.1.2 Protocol stacks..... | 13 | +| 5.1.1.2.1 PS Control Plane..... | 13 | +| 5.1.1.2.2 PS User Plane..... | 14 | +| 5.1.1.3 Affected Procedures..... | 14 | +| 5.1.1.3.1 PS mobility overview..... | 14 | +| 5.1.1.3.2 PDP Context Activation /De-Activation..... | 20 | +| 5.1.1.3.3 PS Handover procedures between GAN and GERAN/UTRAN..... | 26 | +| 5.1.1.3.4 CS+PS Handover between GAN and GERAN/UTRAN..... | 29 | +| 5.1.1.3.5 APN resolution in EGAN mode..... | 35 | +| 5.1.1.3.6 SMS in EGAN mode..... | 38 | +| 5.1.1.3.7 EGAN Registration and subscriber management in PS Domain..... | 39 | +| 5.1.1.3.8 Network Requested PDP Context Activation (NRPCA)..... | 42 | +| 5.1.1.3.9 Roaming aspects..... | 45 | +| 5.1.1.4 Terminal architecture and impacts..... | 46 | +| 5.1.1.4.1 Introduction..... | 46 | +| 5.1.1.4.2 CS domain Control Plane..... | 47 | +| 5.1.1.4.3 CS domain User Plane..... | 48 | +| 5.1.1.4.4 PS domain..... | 48 | +| 5.1.1.5 EGAN handovers and LA/RA Update signalling..... | 51 | +| 5.1.1.5.1 Introduction..... | 51 | +| 5.1.1.5.2 GERAN/GAN Scenario..... | 51 | +| 5.1.1.5.3 UMTS/GERAN/GAN Scenario..... | 53 | +| 5.1.1.5.4 GAN Enhancement alternatives..... | 53 | +| 5.1.1.6 Proxy-Gn Load and Performance..... | 54 | +| 5.1.1.6.1 Introduction..... | 54 | +| 5.1.1.6.2 Assumptions..... | 55 | +| 5.1.1.6.3 CPU Load..... | 55 | +| 5.1.1.6.4 Memory Consumption..... | 56 | +| 5.1.1.6.5 Signalling Delay..... | 56 | +| 5.1.2 Combined GANC/SGSN..... | 57 | +| 5.1.2.1 Introduction..... | 57 | +| 5.1.2.2 Architecture..... | 58 | +| 5.1.2.3 Protocol stacks..... | 59 | +| 5.1.2.3.1 PS Control plane..... | 59 | +| 5.1.2.3.2 PS User plane..... | 60 | +| 5.1.2.4 Affected procedures..... | 60 | +| 5.1.2.5 Terminal architecture and impacts..... | 60 | +| 5.1.2.6 Optimization for LLC and SNDPCP Layers..... | 61 | +| 5.2 GAN Iu Mode..... | 62 | + +| | | | +|------------|------------------------------------------------------------|-----| +| 5.2.1 | Functional Architecture..... | 62 | +| 5.2.2 | Functional entities..... | 64 | +| 5.2.2.1 | Mobile Station (MS)..... | 64 | +| 5.2.2.2 | Generic Access Network Controller (GANC)..... | 64 | +| 5.2.3 | Control and User Plane Architecture..... | 64 | +| 5.2.3.1 | Circuit Switched (CS) Domain..... | 65 | +| 5.2.3.1.1 | CS Domain - Control Plane..... | 65 | +| 5.2.3.1.2 | CS Domain - User Plane..... | 66 | +| 5.2.3.2 | Packet Switched (PS) Domain..... | 67 | +| 5.2.3.2.1 | PS Domain - Control Plane..... | 67 | +| 5.2.3.2.2 | PS Domain - User Plane..... | 68 | +| 5.2.3.3 | GA-RC (Generic Access Resource Control)..... | 68 | +| 5.2.3.3.1 | General..... | 68 | +| 5.2.3.3.2 | States of the GA-RC sub-layer..... | 69 | +| 5.2.3.4 | GA-RRC (Generic Access Radio Resource Control)..... | 70 | +| 5.2.3.4.1 | General..... | 70 | +| 5.2.3.4.2 | States of the GA-RRC sub-layer..... | 70 | +| 5.2.4 | Security Mechanisms..... | 71 | +| 5.2.5 | High Level Procedures..... | 71 | +| 5.2.5.1 | Mode Selection in Multi-mode terminals..... | 71 | +| 5.2.5.2 | PLMN Selection..... | 72 | +| 5.2.5.3 | Re-selection between GERAN/UTRAN and GAN modes..... | 73 | +| 5.2.5.3.1 | Rove-in (from GERAN/UTRAN mode to GAN mode)..... | 73 | +| 5.2.5.3.2 | Rove-out (from GAN mode to GERAN/UTRAN mode)..... | 73 | +| 5.2.5.4 | GAN Discovery and Registration related procedures..... | 74 | +| 5.2.5.4.1 | Discovery and Registration for Generic Access..... | 74 | +| 5.2.5.4.2 | De-Registration..... | 80 | +| 5.2.5.4.3 | Registration Update..... | 81 | +| 5.2.5.4.4 | Keep Alive..... | 82 | +| 5.2.5.4.5 | Cell Broadcast Information..... | 82 | +| 5.2.5.5 | Void..... | 83 | +| 5.2.5.6 | Void..... | 83 | +| 5.2.5.7 | GA-RRC Connection handling..... | 83 | +| 5.2.5.7.1 | GA-RRC Connection Establishment..... | 83 | +| 5.2.5.7.2 | GA-RRC Connection Release..... | 83 | +| 5.2.5.8 | Security Mode Control..... | 84 | +| 5.2.5.9 | NAS Signalling Procedures..... | 84 | +| 5.2.5.10 | Mobile Originated CS Call..... | 85 | +| 5.2.5.11 | Mobile Terminated CS Call..... | 87 | +| 5.2.5.12 | CS Call Clearing..... | 88 | +| 5.2.5.13 | CS Handover..... | 88 | +| 5.2.5.13.1 | CS Handover from GERAN to GAN..... | 88 | +| 5.2.5.13.2 | CS Handover from UTRAN to GAN..... | 90 | +| 5.2.5.13.3 | CS Handover from GAN to GERAN..... | 92 | +| 5.2.5.13.4 | CS Handover from GAN to UTRAN..... | 93 | +| 5.2.5.14 | Void..... | 95 | +| 5.2.5.15 | Void..... | 95 | +| 5.2.5.16 | Void..... | 95 | +| 5.2.5.17 | GA-RRC Packet Transport Channel Management Procedures..... | 95 | +| 5.2.5.17.1 | States of the GA-RRC Packet Transport Channel..... | 96 | +| 5.2.5.17.2 | PTC Initial Activation..... | 97 | +| 5.2.5.17.3 | PTC Data Transfer..... | 98 | +| 5.2.5.17.4 | MS initiated PTC Deactivation..... | 99 | +| 5.2.5.17.5 | MS initiated PTC Re-activation..... | 100 | +| 5.2.5.17.6 | Network initiated PTC De-activation..... | 101 | +| 5.2.5.17.7 | Network initiated PTC Re-activation..... | 101 | +| 5.2.5.17.8 | Implicit PTC De-activation due to MS De-registration..... | 102 | +| 5.2.5.18 | PDP Context Activation..... | 103 | +| 5.2.5.19 | Network Requested PDP Context Activation..... | 104 | +| 5.2.5.20 | PS Handover between GERAN and GAN..... | 105 | +| 5.2.5.20.1 | PS Handover from GERAN to GAN..... | 105 | + +| | | | +|------------|--------------------------------------------|-----| +| 5.2.5.20.2 | PS Handover from GAN to GERAN..... | 105 | +| 5.2.5.21 | SRNS Relocation between UTRAN and GAN..... | 105 | +| 5.2.5.21.1 | SRNS Relocation from UTRAN to GAN..... | 105 | +| 5.2.5.21.2 | SRNS Relocation from GAN to UTRAN..... | 107 | +| 5.2.6 | Terminal Architecture Impacts..... | 109 | +| 5.2.6.1 | Assumptions and Definitions..... | 109 | +| 5.2.6.2 | Impact on CS Control Plane..... | 110 | +| 5.2.6.2.1 | CS Control Plane - Before..... | 110 | +| 5.2.6.2.2 | CS Control Plane-After..... | 111 | +| 5.2.6.2.3 | Summary of CS Control Plane Changes..... | 111 | +| 5.2.6.3 | Impact on CS User Plane..... | 112 | +| 5.2.6.3.1 | CS User Plane-Before..... | 112 | +| 5.2.6.3.2 | CS User Plane-After..... | 113 | +| 5.2.6.3.3 | Summary of CS User Plane Changes..... | 113 | +| 5.2.6.4 | Impact on PS Control Plane..... | 113 | +| 5.2.6.4.1 | PS Control Plane-Before..... | 113 | +| 5.2.6.4.2 | PS Control Plane-After..... | 114 | +| 5.2.6.4.3 | Summary of PS Control Plane Changes..... | 115 | +| 5.2.6.5 | Impact on PS User Plane..... | 116 | +| 5.2.6.5.1 | PS User Plane-Before..... | 116 | +| 5.2.6.5.2 | PS User Plane-After..... | 117 | +| 5.2.6.5.3 | Summary of PS User Plane Changes..... | 117 | +| 6 | Evaluation Section..... | 118 | +| 6.1 | Enhanced Up..... | 118 | +| 6.2 | Combined GANC/SGSN..... | 122 | +| 6.3 | GAN Iu Mode..... | 124 | +| 6.4 | Comparison of the Proposed Solutions..... | 126 | +| 7 | Conclusion..... | 132 | +| Annex A: | Change history..... | 134 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +During the course of Release 6, 3GPP TS 43.318 [2] (Generic access to the A/Gb interface; Stage 2) and 3GPP TS 44.318 [3] (Generic access to the A/Gb interface; Stage 3) were developed that provide access to the 3GPP core network using generic IP connection. Generic Access Networks, or GAN, is an extension of GSM/GPRS mobile services into the customer's premises that is achieved by tunnelling certain GSM/GPRS protocols between the customer's premises and the Core Network over broadband IP network, and relaying them through an unlicensed radio link inside the customer's premises. GAN is a complement to traditional GSM/GPRS radio coverage, used to enhance customer premises coverage, increase network capacity and potentially lower costs. + +Early deployments of GAN are now ongoing. As part of the continuous process of optimizing their network to better meet customer demand a number of operators have indicated a need to further enhance the GAN system. Various goals for such enhancements are documented in section four of the present document. After presentation of the goals, the present document technical alternatives for how to implement such enhancements to GAN. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document contains the results of the feasibility study into the enhancements to Generic Access Networks or GAN. Considerations include overall requirements for enhancements, architectural requirements, evaluation of potential architectural solutions and alternative architectures. + +The objective is to identify an architectural solution that best meets the requirements as specified in first section. The feasibility study shall also investigate mechanisms for selecting the most appropriate network domain to serve the user. + +Existing solutions developed by the 3GPP should be reused as much as possible. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. +- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. +- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. + +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 43.318: "Generic access to the A/Gb interface; Stage 2". +- [3] 3GPP TR 44.318: "Generic Access (GA) to the A/Gb interface; Mobile GA interface layer 3 specification". +- [4] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile radio interface Layer 3 specification; Core network protocols; Stage 3". +- [5] 3GPP TS 29.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); GPRS Tunnelling Protocol (GTP) across the Gn and Gp interface". +- [6] 3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 2". +- [7] 3GPP TS 23.078: "Customized Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic (CAMEL) Phase X; Stage 2". +- [8] 3GPP TS 32.251: "Telecommunication management; Charging management; Packet Switched (PS) domain charging". +- [9] 3GPP TS 24.007: "Mobile radio interface signalling layer 3; General aspects". +- [10] 3GPP TS 33.107: "3G security; Lawful interception architecture and functions". +- [11] IETF RFC 2784 (March 2000): "Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)". +- [12] 3GPP TS 25.410: "UTRAN Iu interface: General aspects and principles". +- [13] 3GPP TS 25.450: "UTRAN Iupc interface general aspects and principles". +- [14] 3GPP TS 25.419: "UTRAN Iu-BC interface: Service Area Broadcast Protocol (SABP)". +- [15] 3GPP TS 29.234: "3GPP system to Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) interworking; Stage 3". +- [16] 3GPP TS 25.412: "UTRAN Iu interface signalling transport". +- [17] 3GPP TS 25.414: "UTRAN Iu interface data transport and transport signalling". + +- [18] 3GPP TS 25.415: "UTRAN Iu interface user plane protocols". +- [19] 3GPP TS 26.071: "AMR speech Codec; General description". +- [20] 3GPP TS 33.102: "3G Security; Security architecture". +- [21] 3GPP TS 33.234: "3G security; Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) interworking security". +- [22] 3GPP TS 23.122: "Non-Access-Stratum (NAS) functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode". +- [23] 3GPP TS 25.331: "Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol specification". +- [24] 3GPP TS 44.064: "Mobile Station - Serving GPRS Support Node (MS-SGSN); Logical Link Control (LLC) Layer Specification". +- [25] 3GPP TS 44.065: "Mobile Station (MS) - Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN); Subnetwork Dependent Convergence Protocol (SNDPCP)". +- [26] 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification". +- [27] 3GPP TS 23.236: "Intra-domain connection of Radio Access Network (RAN) nodes to multiple Core Network (CN) nodes". +- [28] 3GPP TS 43.129: "Packed-switched handover for GERAN A/Gb mode; Stage 2". + +# --- 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +## 3.2 Symbols + +For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: + +| | | +|----|-------------------------------| +| Up | Interface between UE and GANC | +|----|-------------------------------| + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|--------|-------------------------------------------------| +| AAA | Authentication, Authorization and Accounting | +| AKA | Authentication and Key Agreement | +| AP | Access Point | +| AS | Access Stratum | +| BSC | Base Station Controller | +| BSS | Base Station Subsystem | +| BSSGP | Base Station System GPRS Protocol | +| BSSMAP | Base Station System Management Application Part | +| CC | Call Control | +| CGI | Cell Global Identification | +| CM | Connection Management | +| CN | Core Network | +| CS | Circuit Switched | +| DNS | Domain Name System | +| DTM | Dual Transfer Mode | +| EAP | Extensible Authentication Protocol | + +| | | +|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ETSI | European Telecommunications Standards Institute | +| FQDN | Fully Qualified Domain Name | +| GA-CSR | Generic Access - Circuit Switched Resources | +| GAN | Generic Access Network | +| GANC | Generic Access Network Controller | +| GA-PSR | Generic Access - Packet Switched Resources | +| GA-RC | Generic Access - Resource Control | +| GA-RRC | Generic Access - Radio Resource Control | +| GERAN | GSM EDGE Radio Access Network | +| GGSN | Gateway GPRS Support Node | +| GMM/SM | GPRS Mobility Management and Session Management | +| GPRS | General Packet Radio Service | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communications | +| GSN | GPRS Support Node | +| HLR | Home Location Register | +| HPLMN | Home PLMN | +| IETF | Internet Engineering Task Force | +| IKE | Internet Key Exchange | +| IMEISV | International Mobile station Equipment Identity and Software Version number | +| IMSI | International Mobile Subscriber Identity | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| LA | Location Area | +| LAI | Location Area Identity | +| LLC | Logical Link Control | +| MAC | Medium Access Control | +| MAC | Message Authentication Code | +| MM | Mobility Management | +| MS | Mobile Station | +| MSC | Mobile Switching Center | +| MTP1 | Message Transfer Part layer 1 | +| MTP2 | Message Transfer Part layer 2 | +| MTP3 | Message Transfer Part layer 3 | +| NAS | Non-Access Stratum | +| PDP | Packet Data Protocol | +| PDU | Protocol Data Unit | +| PLMN | Public Land Mobile Network | +| PSTN | Public Switched Telephone Network | +| P-TMSI | Packet - TMSI | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RA | Routing Area | +| RAC | Routing Area Code | +| RAI | Routing Area Identity | +| RAT | Radio Access Technology | +| RLC | Radio Link Control | +| RTCP | Real Time Control Protocol | +| RTP | Real Time Protocol | +| SCCP | Signalling Connection Control Part | +| SEGW | SEcurity GateWay | +| SGSN | Serving GPRS Support Node | +| SIM | Subscriber Identity Module | +| SMLC | Serving Mobile Location Center | +| SMS | Short Message Service | +| SNDPCP | Sub-Network Dependent Convergence Protocol | +| TBF | Temporary Block Flow | +| TC | Transport Channel | +| TCP | Transmission Control Protocol | +| TFO | Tandem Free Operation | +| TMSI | Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity | +| TrFO | Transcoder Free Operation | +| TTY | Text Telephone or Teletypewriter | +| UDP | User Datagram Protocol | + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------| +| UMTS | Universal Mobile Telecommunication System | +| VLR | Visited Location Register | +| VPLMN | Visited Public Land Mobile Network | + +# --- 4 Requirements + +## 4.1 Objectives + +1. GAN Enhancements shall be backwards compatible with GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7. + +Two levels of enhancements may be considered that are either: + +- a) Forwards compatible from Rel-6: Rel-6 and Rel-7 terminals work with the enhancements i.e. network-only enhancements +- b) Not forwards compatible from Rel-6 (respectively Rel-7): Rel-6 (respectively Rel-7) terminals do not work with the enhancements + +GAN Enhancements shall: + +- Support at minimum the same services as GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7; and + - Support existing QoS management as specified in 3GPP; and + - Minimize the impact on the Core Network. +2. GAN Enhancements shall abide as per the unchanged GAN principle to keep the transparent support for any given service between UTRAN or GERAN, and GAN. + - E.g. preserve the existing APN mechanism. + 3. GAN Enhancements shall minimize the additional complexity on existing GANCs if applicable. + 4. GAN Enhancements shall minimize the additional complexity on terminals (see case 1b above). + 5. GAN Enhancements shall reduce the complexity for delivery of CS and PS services. + - E.g. by reducing the number of functions and/or protocol overhead. + 6. GAN Enhancements shall reduce the user-plane latency for delivery of PS services. + - E.g. by reducing the number of functions and/or protocol overhead. + 7. GAN Enhancements shall be compatible / shall align with other 3GPP Core Network enhancements e.g. "one tunnel approach" for PS services. + 8. GAN Enhancements shall overcome the limitations imposed by using the Gb interface. + 9. GAN Enhancements shall provide optimized support for operators using GSM-only, UMTS-only, or combined GSM/UMTS networks. + - E.g. no changes to existing core network nodes/interfaces. + +NOTE 1: The term "GSM" also refers to GPRS. + +10. GAN Enhancements shall provide seamless mobility for CS and seamless mobility for PS including PS conversational services. +11. GAN Enhancements shall minimize "Enhanced GAN mode" power consumption on handsets. + +NOTE 2: "Enhanced GAN mode" refers to the peer of GAN mode when operating as per a given GAN Enhancement. + +## 4.2 Benefits + +The following items constitute a non-exhaustive list of benefits that may characterize the proposals on GAN Enhancements: + +- PS Optimization independent of CS Changes. +- Support the services/network deployed with GPRS APNs. +- No impact on 3GPP TS 24.008 [4]. +- Minimize the load on existing network elements (e.g. HLR). + +## 4.3 For further investigation + +The following items require further investigation: + +- Whether "Enhanced GAN" Terminals shall support GAN specified in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7. +- Whether there is any limitations induced by LLC protocol. + +# --- 5 Architecture alternatives + +## 5.1 A/Gn based architectures + +### 5.1.1 Enhanced Up + +#### 5.1.1.1 Architecture + +Figure 1 shows the architecture of enhanced Up solution. The CS domain remains unchanged and the PS domain is enhanced to increase the performance of the broadband data services. + +![Figure 1: Enhanced Up A/Gn solution architecture diagram. The diagram shows the network architecture for the Enhanced GAN Controller (eGANC). On the left, a Mobile Station (MS) is connected to an Access Network (dashed box) which contains a Generic IP. The MS connects to the eGANC via the Up reference point. The eGANC is a large box containing a Security Gateway (SEGW). Above the eGANC, there are two dashed boxes labeled SMLC and CBC, connected to the eGANC via the Lb reference point. To the right of the eGANC, there is a large dashed box labeled HPLMN/VPLMN. Inside this box, the eGANC connects to several components via various reference points: Ge to CAMEL GSM-SCF, Ga to CGF, A to MSC, Gn to Other eGANC, Gb (for backward compatibility) to SGSN, Gn to GGSN, and Wm to AAA Proxy/Server. The AAA Proxy/Server connects to HSS via Wx and to HLR via D'/Gr'. The HPLMN/VPLMN box also has a Wd reference point pointing down to HPLMN (roaming case). A legend at the bottom left indicates that dashed lines represent 'Out of Scope'.](27b06ec9f42b5d727a2630f61a5f1861_img.jpg) + +MS Mobile Station +GANC GAN Controller +SEGW Security Gateway + +----- Out of Scope + +Figure 1: Enhanced Up A/Gn solution architecture diagram. The diagram shows the network architecture for the Enhanced GAN Controller (eGANC). On the left, a Mobile Station (MS) is connected to an Access Network (dashed box) which contains a Generic IP. The MS connects to the eGANC via the Up reference point. The eGANC is a large box containing a Security Gateway (SEGW). Above the eGANC, there are two dashed boxes labeled SMLC and CBC, connected to the eGANC via the Lb reference point. To the right of the eGANC, there is a large dashed box labeled HPLMN/VPLMN. Inside this box, the eGANC connects to several components via various reference points: Ge to CAMEL GSM-SCF, Ga to CGF, A to MSC, Gn to Other eGANC, Gb (for backward compatibility) to SGSN, Gn to GGSN, and Wm to AAA Proxy/Server. The AAA Proxy/Server connects to HSS via Wx and to HLR via D'/Gr'. The HPLMN/VPLMN box also has a Wd reference point pointing down to HPLMN (roaming case). A legend at the bottom left indicates that dashed lines represent 'Out of Scope'. + +**Figure 1: Enhanced Up A/Gn solution architecture** + +EGANC is a combination of legacy GANC and part of SGSN functionalities. The EGANC provides the Gn reference point and enhanced Up reference point for enhanced PS efficiency and performance. + +- Gn reference point: This reference point to GGSN removes one node in the path for PS services, hence reducing the latency and overhead. It also moves the EGANC close to the core network, making the GERAN/UTRAN radio-specific procedures unnecessary in the EGANC. +- Enhanced Up reference point: This reference point removes the unnecessary protocol stacks between UE and the EGANC, hence enhancing the performance of the PS services. The Up reference point for CS domain remains unchanged so that all the current procedures keep working. The legacy Up reference point for PS domain is also supported for backward compatibility. + +The main features of the architecture are as follows: + +- No changes to CS domain - reuse of A interface. +- Reuse of Up procedures for authentication, security, discovery/registration. -reuse of Wm interface. +- This proposal only affects the PS domain. +- Direct connectivity to GGSN via unchanged Gn per 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]. +- New Enhanced Up protocol for PS domain. +- GA-PSR and 3GPP TS 24.008 [4] MM/SM are not used in PS EGANC mode. +- Single enhanced Up PS stack in the terminal for 2G and 3G networks and terminals environment. +- Gb is kept for backward compatibility with R6 GAN terminals. + +- Other interfaces: + - Gd interface is not needed. SMS is provided via CS domain in the WLAN coverage via standardized 3GPP mechanisms without any changes for the GERAN/UMTS coverage, where PS or CS preference can be kept (refer to contribution on SMS). + - Gs interface is not used. + - The EGANC may interface with the GSM SCF for optional CAMEL control using Ge reference point according to 3GPP TS 23.078 [7]. + - The EGANC may interface with the CGF (Charging Gateway Functionality) using Ga interface for off-line charging via CDRs to according to 3GPP TS 32.251 [8]. + - The EGANC optionally interfaces ADMF (Administration Function), DF2 (Delivery Function 2) and DF3 (Delivery Function 3) via X1-1, X2 and X3 for lawful interception if required (refer to contribution on Lawful Interception) according to 3GPP TS 33.107 [10]. + +#### 5.1.1.2 Protocol stacks + +The control plane and user plane CS domain protocol stacks are unchanged from existing GAN. CS domain protocols stacks are not shown here. The PS domain proposed changes are independent from the CS domain. + +##### 5.1.1.2.1 PS Control Plane + +The PS control plane protocol stack is shown in figure 2. + +![Figure 2: A/Gn alternative PS control plane protocol stacks. The diagram shows four protocol stacks: MS, Generic Network, EGANC-PS, and GGSN. The MS stack has layers: GA-SM, UDP, Remote, IpSec, Transport, Access. The Generic Network stack has layers: Transport, Access. The EGANC-PS stack has layers: GA-SM, UDP, Remote, IpSec, Transport, Access, GTP-c, IP, L2, Physical. The GGSN stack has layers: GTP-c, UDP, IP, L2, Physical. Arrows indicate connections between layers across the interfaces Up and Gn.](4636adff5682a064f0ae5f13a1d464a6_img.jpg) + +| MS | Generic Network | EGANC-PS | GGSN | +|-----------|-----------------|-----------|----------| +| GA-SM | | GA-SM | GTP-c | +| UDP | | UDP | UDP | +| Remote | | Remote | IP | +| IpSec | | IpSec | L2 | +| Transport | Transport | Transport | Physical | +| Access | Access | Access | | +| | | GTP-c | | +| | | IP | | +| | | L2 | | +| | | Physical | | + +Figure 2: A/Gn alternative PS control plane protocol stacks. The diagram shows four protocol stacks: MS, Generic Network, EGANC-PS, and GGSN. The MS stack has layers: GA-SM, UDP, Remote, IpSec, Transport, Access. The Generic Network stack has layers: Transport, Access. The EGANC-PS stack has layers: GA-SM, UDP, Remote, IpSec, Transport, Access, GTP-c, IP, L2, Physical. The GGSN stack has layers: GTP-c, UDP, IP, L2, Physical. Arrows indicate connections between layers across the interfaces Up and Gn. + +**Figure 2: A/Gn alternative PS control plane protocol stacks** + +The control plane is simplified in the following way: + +- The two protocol stacks in a row (GA-PSR + BSSGP) can be replaced by one single upper layer protocol (GA-SM). +- GA-SM (GAN Session Management) protocol takes the role of NAS 24.008, and it reuses 24.008 SM messages. The parallel operation of the two radios of the terminal allow for a make-before-break handover. +- LLC is not required because user plane and control plane are separated, and because security is ensured by the IpSec tunnel. Removing LLC provides enhancement to the whole performance. + +Furthermore UDP is sufficient to address GA-SM via a well-known port: TCP is not needed as signalling in GPRS is performed above LLC in unacknowledged mode (SAPI 1), and there is already a TCP connection to check the presence of the terminal, established at GAN registration. + +##### 5.1.1.2.2 PS User Plane + +The PS user plane protocol stack is shown in figure 3. + +![Figure 3: A/Gn alternative PS user plane protocol stacks. The diagram shows four protocol stacks: MS, Generic IP Network, EGANC, and GGSN. The MS stack includes IP, IP tunneling (e.g. GRE), Remote IP, IpSec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. The Generic IP Network stack includes Transport IP and Access Layers. The EGANC stack includes IP tunneling (e.g. GRE), Remote IP, I Sec ESP, Transport IP, GTP-u, UDP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. The GGSN stack includes IP, GTP-u, UDP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. Arrows indicate data flow between the stacks across interfaces Up, Gn, and Gi.](a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the PS user plane protocol stacks across four entities: MS (Mobile Station), Generic IP Network, EGANC (Evolved GPRS Support Node), and GGSN (PDN Gateway). The interfaces between them are labeled Up (between MS and Generic IP Network), Gn (between EGANC and GGSN), and Gi (between GGSN and the external network). The protocol layers are as follows: + +- MS:** IP, IP tunneling (e.g. GRE), Remote IP, IpSec ESP, Transport IP, Access Layers. +- Generic IP Network:** Transport IP, Access Layers. +- EGANC:** IP tunneling (e.g. GRE), Remote IP, I Sec ESP, Transport IP, GTP-u, UDP, Transport IP, Access Layers. +- GGSN:** IP, GTP-u, UDP, Transport IP, Access Layers. + +Figure 3: A/Gn alternative PS user plane protocol stacks. The diagram shows four protocol stacks: MS, Generic IP Network, EGANC, and GGSN. The MS stack includes IP, IP tunneling (e.g. GRE), Remote IP, IpSec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. The Generic IP Network stack includes Transport IP and Access Layers. The EGANC stack includes IP tunneling (e.g. GRE), Remote IP, I Sec ESP, Transport IP, GTP-u, UDP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. The GGSN stack includes IP, GTP-u, UDP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. Arrows indicate data flow between the stacks across interfaces Up, Gn, and Gi. + +Figure 3: A/Gn alternative PS user plane protocol stacks + +The user plane is also simplified in the same way: + +- The **two** protocol stacks in a row (GA-PSR + BSSGP) are replaced by **one single** tunnelling protocol (e.g. GRE). +- LLC is not required because user plane and control plane are separated. The security is ensured by the IPsec tunnel. +- SNDPCP is replaced by a tunnel or flow-identification mechanism provided by IP (e.g. IETF GRE [11] where NSAPI is embedded in GRE header). + +#### 5.1.1.3 Affected Procedures + +##### 5.1.1.3.1 PS mobility overview + +A GAN terminal under WLAN coverage, has several specificities that do not exist for a GERAN/UMTS terminal: + +- 1) No LA/RA needed in WLAN: Once authenticated, authorized and GAN registered, the GAN terminal has an IPsec tunnel and a TCP connection with the GANC. Therefore, it is possible to reach the terminal at cell level without any paging. Consequently, there is no need for LA/RA concept in the WLAN. + - 2) Make before break: WLAN radio and GERAN/UMTS radio can operate **simultaneously**. This allows for a simpler handover mechanism, which consists in establishing a second leg in the new RAT, then releasing the first leg in the old RAT. +- No need for MM/PDP context transfer from one RAT to another. + - The two systems can remain fully independent: they can have their own radio parameters, their own security mechanisms, etc. + +![Figure 4: GGSN as anchor point in the user plane. The diagram shows a GGSN at the top connected to two parallel paths: one through an SGSN and RAN (labeled Leg 1), and another through an EGANC (labeled Leg 2). Both paths converge at a mobile terminal icon at the bottom, which has an orange arrow pointing to the right.](7efae06af3af43ffe5d4b956a679cf54_img.jpg) + +Figure 4: GGSN as anchor point in the user plane. The diagram shows a GGSN at the top connected to two parallel paths: one through an SGSN and RAN (labeled Leg 1), and another through an EGANC (labeled Leg 2). Both paths converge at a mobile terminal icon at the bottom, which has an orange arrow pointing to the right. + +**Figure 4: GGSN as anchor point in the user plane** + +The establishment of the legs (bearers) is performed via GA-SM procedures (equivalent to Activate PDP Context, Modify PDP Context, Deactivate PDP Context, etc.). + +###### Control plane anchor + +The control plane anchor is a different function from the user plane anchor. The principle is that signalling messages related to one UE must be routed to the same entity (Proxy-Gn) whatever the active UE is on 3GPP or on WLAN. To avoid any changes to existing GGSN, it is proposed to host the Gn-Proxy function in the GANC. + +To allow for mobility between GAN and GERAN/UMTS, the EGANC acts as a Proxy-Gn i.e. when the terminal activates a PDP context in the GERAN/UMTS system, the APN address resolution by the DNS causes the legacy SGSN to route the signalling messages towards a Proxy-Gn (EGANC). The Proxy-Gn (EGANC) then routes them to the GGSN. In other words, the EGANC is an anchor point for control plane. + +![Figure 5: Mobility management in Enhanced Up solution. The diagram shows a mobile terminal on the left connected to two access networks: a 3GPP network (BSC/RNC) and a WLAN network (represented by a cloud). The BSC/RNC is connected to an SGSN, which is connected to a GGSN via a Gn interface. The WLAN network is connected to an EGANC, which is also connected to the GGSN via a Gn interface. A callout box from the EGANC states: '1) Acts as Proxy-Gn 2) is control plane anchor'.](a7c51c18111139f9aca2805114108565_img.jpg) + +Figure 5: Mobility management in Enhanced Up solution. The diagram shows a mobile terminal on the left connected to two access networks: a 3GPP network (BSC/RNC) and a WLAN network (represented by a cloud). The BSC/RNC is connected to an SGSN, which is connected to a GGSN via a Gn interface. The WLAN network is connected to an EGANC, which is also connected to the GGSN via a Gn interface. A callout box from the EGANC states: '1) Acts as Proxy-Gn 2) is control plane anchor'. + +**Figure 5: Mobility management in Enhanced Up solution** + +###### Anchor PDP + +The Proxy-Gn function, hosted in EGANC, provides the PDP context anchor functionality for the EGAN capable MS while acting as a relay for the first PDP context creation of the MS that are not EGAN capable. From an external point of view the Proxy-Gn is seen as a GGSN by the SGSN and the GA-SM entity, but **its role is limited to the control plane only**. + +For providing the PDP context anchor functionality, the Proxy-Gn introduces the concept of Anchor PDP context. An Anchor PDP context is a PDP context with several GTP-C end points called terminations. An Anchor PDP context embeds: + +- **one Access Termination per access technology**. For the case of the EGAN there are two access terminations in the Anchor PDP context: + - one for the EGAN mode. This is the GTP-C end point for signalling with the GA-SM; + - one for the GERAN/UTRAN mode. This is the GTP-C end point for signalling with the SGSN. + +- **one Network Termination.** It is the GTP-C end point for signalling with the GGSN. + +###### Anchor PDP context interface + +The Anchor PDP context interfaces the SGSN, GA-SM (EGANC) and the GGSN in Gn. However only the GTP-C part of Gn is considered since the user plane (GTP-U) is out of the scope of the Anchor PDP context. + +![Figure 6: EGANC architecture diagram. The diagram shows the internal components of an E-GANC. On the left, an MS (Mobile Station) with a GA-SM unit is connected to an SGSN via an SM interface. The MS's GA-SM is connected to a GA-SM block within the E-GANC. The E-GANC contains a Proxy-Gn block, which in turn contains an Anchor PDP Context block. The Anchor PDP Context block includes IMSI/NSAPI, two Access Termination units, Mobility Logic, and a Network Termination unit. The GA-SM block connects to the Proxy-Gn via a Gn (GTP-C) interface. The Proxy-Gn connects to the SGSN via a Gn (GTP-C) interface and to the GGSN via another Gn (GTP-C) interface through the Network Termination unit.](41a438d7e4adc17c3a4005e7c9500091_img.jpg) + +Figure 6: EGANC architecture diagram. The diagram shows the internal components of an E-GANC. On the left, an MS (Mobile Station) with a GA-SM unit is connected to an SGSN via an SM interface. The MS's GA-SM is connected to a GA-SM block within the E-GANC. The E-GANC contains a Proxy-Gn block, which in turn contains an Anchor PDP Context block. The Anchor PDP Context block includes IMSI/NSAPI, two Access Termination units, Mobility Logic, and a Network Termination unit. The GA-SM block connects to the Proxy-Gn via a Gn (GTP-C) interface. The Proxy-Gn connects to the SGSN via a Gn (GTP-C) interface and to the GGSN via another Gn (GTP-C) interface through the Network Termination unit. + +Figure 6: EGANC architecture + +The UE GA-SM termination and the Proxy-Gn function exchange information by using specific containers created in the PCO Information Element present in the signalling messages related to PDP context. The PCO IE (Protocol Configuration Options) is specified in 3GPP TS 24.008 [4] to convey information from external protocols between the MS and the GGSN. The protocol configuration options information element is transparent to the SGSN. These new containers are processed by the Proxy-Gn and, according to 3GPP TS 29.060 [5], ignored by the legacy GGSNs: + +**EGAN Access type:** It is appended by the UE GA-SM termination. It indicates to the Proxy-Gn that the MS is EGAN capable and informs the Proxy-Gn about the access PDP context that is identified by the request. + +**Anchor address (ANCHOR\_ADDR):** that container contains the IP address of the Proxy Gn on which the Anchor PDP context has been created (wherever GPRS/UMTS or WLAN). It is appended by the Proxy-Gn upon the creation of the Anchor PDP context within the PDP context creation response. The UE GA-SM termination is intended to store that address and to append a ANCHOR\_ADDR container for each subsequent request related to that PDP address. The UE GA-SM termination removes that address upon the deletion of the last PDP context related to that PDP address. + +**Master Termination (MASTER\_REQ):** the usage of this container is related to the mobility. It indicates to the Proxy-Gn that the request comes from the MS. That container is present in modify PDP context request initiated by UE GA-SM termination during a handover procedure. By the way it indicates to the Anchor PDP context the corresponding Access Termination is becoming MASTER. + +###### GPRS stack behaviour when the user is in GAN mode + +As described above, since the MA-SM is located above the EGAN access mode switch, which again is located above GA-SM and GPRS-SM, all the GPRS related procedures are not impacted and performed as they are performed for GPRS mode, even when the user is in GAN mode. Especially, since the MA-SM only deals with the session management, all the GMM procedures are performed while the user is in GAN mode. However, since MA-SM and EGAN access mode switch performs the switching of the user traffic path (MA-SM decides which access to be used and eGAN switch actually performs the switching) and all the user traffic passes through either one of the accesses, the GMM procedure is done in the background and has no impact to the user session when the user is in GAN mode. This includes the periodic RAU, too. This may keep the user attached to the GPRS as long as the timer is not expired, and makes the hand-back to GPRS very fast and seamless since no GMM or SM messages may be needed at the point of hand-back (e.g. if each PDP Context activated in eGAN mode has also been activated via the GERAN/UTRAN radio path prior to the hand-back). When the MA-SM layer decides that the GPRS side has the active PDP context for this session it tells the EGAN access mode switch to start sending the user plane data to the GPRS layers (i.e. once the necessary radio resources have been allocated as further discussed below). In case the user enters eGAN mode with GPRS detached, and wants to perform GPRS attach later on, the MA-SM instructs the GPRS SM to activate the session and GPRS SM instructs the MM layer to perform the attach procedure. + +Note that the PDP context can be activated at the GERAN/UTRAN side immediately after it is activated at the eGAN side. By doing this, when the user hands back to GERAN/UTRAN there is no real time need to activate PDP context. MS will request the allocation of radio resources in the GERAN/UTRAN cell before the EGAN access mode switch can redirect the data path to the GERAN/UTRAN stack. + +As an implementation option, Enhanced Up solution supports the hibernation mode. + +NOTE: The hibernation mode is not currently defined for GAN terminal operation and so the reference to this mode here is merely intended to indicate that an MS operating in eGAN mode is able to completely shut down its GERAN/UTRAN radio interface for an implementation specific period of time. + +###### Anchor PDP Context states + +Below are represented: + +- the state of the Anchor PDP Context as seen from outside; +- the Access Termination states and substates; +- the Network Termination states and substates. + +![Figure 7: EGAN state diagram. The diagram is divided into three main sections: Anchor PDP, Access Termination X 2, and Network Termination. The Anchor PDP section shows a transition from INACTIVE to ACTIVE on 'first_access_creation and success full GGSN pdp creation' and back to INACTIVE on 'all Termination deleted'. The Access Termination X 2 section shows a transition from INACTIVE to ACTIVE on 'create_pdp', then to MASTER on 'slave', and to SLAVE on 'master'. Transitions from MASTER/SLAVE to INACTIVE are on 'delete_pdp' and 'timer_expiration'. A self-loop on SLAVE is 'update_pdp'. The Network Termination section shows a transition from INACTIVE to ACTIVE on 'create_pdp', then to OPERATIONAL on 'no Access Termination', and to DEGRADED on 'one Master Access Termination'. Transitions from OPERATIONAL/DEGRADED to INACTIVE are on 'delete-pdp_from_GGSN' and 'Timer expiration'. A self-loop on DEGRADED is 'update_pdp'. A small note in the bottom right corner reads 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com'.](4356776ca004ecba5d599667a155d7d4_img.jpg) + +Figure 7: EGAN state diagram. The diagram is divided into three main sections: Anchor PDP, Access Termination X 2, and Network Termination. The Anchor PDP section shows a transition from INACTIVE to ACTIVE on 'first\_access\_creation and success full GGSN pdp creation' and back to INACTIVE on 'all Termination deleted'. The Access Termination X 2 section shows a transition from INACTIVE to ACTIVE on 'create\_pdp', then to MASTER on 'slave', and to SLAVE on 'master'. Transitions from MASTER/SLAVE to INACTIVE are on 'delete\_pdp' and 'timer\_expiration'. A self-loop on SLAVE is 'update\_pdp'. The Network Termination section shows a transition from INACTIVE to ACTIVE on 'create\_pdp', then to OPERATIONAL on 'no Access Termination', and to DEGRADED on 'one Master Access Termination'. Transitions from OPERATIONAL/DEGRADED to INACTIVE are on 'delete-pdp\_from\_GGSN' and 'Timer expiration'. A self-loop on DEGRADED is 'update\_pdp'. A small note in the bottom right corner reads 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com'. + +Figure 7: EGAN state diagram + +###### Termination states + +**ACTIVE:** In the ACTIVE state, the Termination (Access type or Network type) knows the remote GTP-C endpoint (IP address and a Teid). At least one PDP create procedure has been successfully processed between the Termination and the remote endpoint. + +###### ACTIVE Access termination sub-states + +An Access Termination in the ACTIVE state may be in one of the following sub states: MASTER or SLAVE. + +There is only one MASTER Access Termination per Anchor PDP. When an Access Termination becomes MASTER, the former MASTER Access Termination reverts to SLAVE role. + +- MASTER (C-Plane and U-Plane ready): + +The GGSN is configured with the parameters of the remote User Plane peer entity (IP address, TEID) i.e. the user plane is ready to be used for transfer. + +- SLAVE (C-Plane ready): + +The Access Termination knows the GTP-C endpoint but has not configured the GGSN with the GTP-U endpoint parameters. The transition from SLAVE to MASTER is performed on an explicit request from the MS (Create PDP or Update PDP with Master-Req IE). In some cases, it may be possible to have an implicit transition from SLAVE to MASTER (e.g.: when the SGSN requests the PDP context deletion upon the expiration of MS reachable timer). + +###### ACTIVE Network Termination sub-states: + +A Network Termination in the ACTIVE state may be in one of the following sub states. + +- OPERATIONAL: + +A MASTER access termination exists. + +###### - DEGRADED: + +No Access termination is ACTIVE any more, but the MS is not the initiator (e.g.: a network failure on the access side has been detected by the SGSN or GA-SM , and a delete PDP context has been triggered). The user plane switching is impossible. Nevertheless the Anchor PDP context is kept ACTIVE for a given time that should enable a re-connection of the handset. This maintains the IP address of the PDP context, and enables to recover the on going sessions. Upon a timer expiration, if no create PDP context is received from the SGSN or the GA-SM, the anchor PDP context is deleted. + +**INACTIVE:** In the INACTIVE state, the Termination does not know any remote GTP-C endpoint. A transition from the INACTIVE to ACTIVE state is always triggered by an activate PDP context request initiated from the MS. + +###### Anchor PDP states + +**INACTIVE:** All the terminations of the anchor PDP are INACTIVE. The Proxy-Gn does not know the IMSI/NSAPI identifier of the PDP. The only request that can be processed for such an Anchor PDP context is a create PDP context request from a SGSN or a GA-SM. All other requests are rejected with an "unknown PDP" cause. + +**ACTIVE:** The Proxy-Gn knows the IMSI/NSAPI identifier of the Anchor PDP context. The Network termination is ACTIVE and an IP address has been allocated by the GGSN (Dynamic PDP). + +###### Access Termination transitions + +An Access Termination performs a transition from the INACTIVE to the ACTIVE-MASTER state upon the receipt of a create PDP context (the MASTER role is implicitly requested on create PDP context). + +The transition from INACTIVE to ACTIVE at the Access Termination triggers the transition to OPERATIONAL at the Network Termination, which initiates a create or update PDP context procedure (depending on the current state of the Network Termination) with the GGSN with the user plane parameters of the MASTER Access Termination. + +When a delete PDP context request is initiated by the GGSN (received on the Network Termination), all the Terminations are deleted and the Anchor PDP context enters the INACTIVE state. During the transition, a delete PDP context procedure is initiated for each ACTIVE access Termination. + +When a delete PDP context request is initiated by the MS on the ACTIVE-MASTER Access Termination, all the Termination are deleted and the Anchor PDP context enters the INACTIVE state. During the transition, a delete PDP context procedure is initiated on the Network Termination as well as on the other Access Termination when ACTIVE. + +When the origin of the delete PDP context request received on the ACTIVE-MASTER Access Termination is not the MS but either the SGSN or the EGANC, only the associated Access Termination is deleted (INACTIVE). + +When a delete PDP context request is received on the ACTIVE-SLAVE Access Termination (initiated either by the MS or the SGSN or the EGANC), only the associated Access Termination is deleted (INACTIVE). + +An ACTIVE Access Termination with the MASTER role enters the SLAVE role because of another Access Termination takes the MASTER role. While taking the SLAVE role a delete timer is started. Upon the timer expiration, the Proxy-Gn initiates a delete PDP context to the remote end associated to the Access Termination. Then the Access Termination enters the INACTIVE state. + +NOTE: The introduction of the timer permits to avoid signalling overloading while MS is switching back and forth between the GAN and UTRAN/GERAN. + +An ACTIVE Access Termination with the SLAVE role enters MASTER upon receiving either a create PDP context or an update PDP context request. Note that in the case of the update PDP context, the PCO should explicitly contain the MASTER\_REQ container. + +When receiving an update PDP request without MASTER\_REQ container on an access termination in ACTIVE-SLAVE state the request is processed locally; no procedure is initiated on the Network Termination. When the Access Termination is ACTIVE-MASTER, the update procedure is initiated with the GGSN by using the Network Termination. + +###### Network Termination transition + +A Network Termination performs a transition from the INACTIVE to the ACTIVE-OPERATIONAL state upon the receipt of a create PDP context from a SGSN or a GA-SM: + +- with an ANCHOR\_ADDR container set to the IP address of that Proxy-Gn or without ANCHOR\_ADDR container; and +- with an IMSI/NSAPI identifier unknown from the Proxy-Gn. + +A create PDP context procedure is initiated by the Network Termination with the GGSN. + +An ACTIVE-OPERATIONAL Network Termination enters the ACTIVE-DEGRADED state when all the access Terminations are INACTIVE and a timer is started. If no access termination becomes ACTIVE-MASTER back, at timer expiration the Network Termination becomes INACTIVE (it initiates a delete procedure with the GGSN). + +A Network Termination in the ACTIVE state enters the INACTIVE state when receiving a PDP context delete request from the GGSN. This triggers a deletion of all the ACTIVE Access Termination too. + +An update of the Network termination is processed each time a PDP context update procedure is required with the GGSN: + +- Update on the ACTIVE-MASTER Access Termination. +- The MASTER role switches to another Access Termination. + +An update initiated by the GGSN triggers an update procedure on the current ACTIVE-MASTER termination if any. + +##### 5.1.1.3.2 PDP Context Activation /De-Activation + +This subclause describes the PDP context related procedures for EGAN capable handset: PDP context activation, PDP context de-activation and PDP context handover. + +EGAN procedures do not require any change in existing SGSN and GGSN. + +The MS EGAN Access Mode Switch is located at the unchanged "SMREG-SAP" interface specified in 3GPP TS 24.007 [9]. + +For each procedure, this section depicts: + +- the role of the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch (application in MS), the GA-SM terminations (MS and EGANC), and the Proxy-GN (EGANC); +- the usage of the different EGAN specific PCO containers (PCO IE already exists in all 3GPP TS 24.008 SM messages); +- the role of the Anchor PDP context and its associated Terminations (Proxy-Gn application): SGSN-Access-Termination, GAN-Access-Termination, and Network-Termination, as shown in figure 8. + +###### a) PDP context activation on the GERAN/UTRAN side + +![Sequence diagram of PDP context activation procedure on GERAN/UTRAN mode. The diagram shows the interaction between the MS (Mobile Station) and the network elements: SGSN, eGANC (Proxy-Gn), and GGSN. The MS is divided into four layers: Application, eGAN switch, GA-SM, and SM. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. Application to eGAN switch: smreg-pdp-activate-req; 2. eGAN switch to SM: smreg_pdp_activate_req(PCO(GERAN/UTRAN access type)); 3. SM to SGSN: activate_pdp_context_req(PCO(GERAN/UTRAN access type)); 4. SGSN to eGANC: create_pdp_context_req(PCO(GERAN/UTRAN access type)); 5. eGANC to GGSN: create_pdp_context_req; 6. GGSN to eGANC: create_pdp_context_rsp; 7. eGANC to SGSN: create_pdp_context_rsp(PCO(anchor_addr)); 8. SGSN to SM: activate_pdp_rsp(PCO(anchor_addr)); 9. SM to eGAN switch: smreg_pdp_activate_cnf(PCO(anchor_addr)); 10. eGAN switch to Application: smreg-pdp-activate-cnf. A watermark 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com' is visible in the bottom right corner.](79e1709a7317ead45379cbb8ff3ba802_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram of PDP context activation procedure on GERAN/UTRAN mode. The diagram shows the interaction between the MS (Mobile Station) and the network elements: SGSN, eGANC (Proxy-Gn), and GGSN. The MS is divided into four layers: Application, eGAN switch, GA-SM, and SM. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. Application to eGAN switch: smreg-pdp-activate-req; 2. eGAN switch to SM: smreg\_pdp\_activate\_req(PCO(GERAN/UTRAN access type)); 3. SM to SGSN: activate\_pdp\_context\_req(PCO(GERAN/UTRAN access type)); 4. SGSN to eGANC: create\_pdp\_context\_req(PCO(GERAN/UTRAN access type)); 5. eGANC to GGSN: create\_pdp\_context\_req; 6. GGSN to eGANC: create\_pdp\_context\_rsp; 7. eGANC to SGSN: create\_pdp\_context\_rsp(PCO(anchor\_addr)); 8. SGSN to SM: activate\_pdp\_rsp(PCO(anchor\_addr)); 9. SM to eGAN switch: smreg\_pdp\_activate\_cnf(PCO(anchor\_addr)); 10. eGAN switch to Application: smreg-pdp-activate-cnf. A watermark 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com' is visible in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 8: PDP context activation procedure on GERAN/UTRAN mode** + +The MS is GPRS attached and the application requests the activation of a PDP context. It may have or not a connectivity with the EGAN. + +1. The MS application layer requests the activation of a PDP Context by sending SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-REQ via the unchanged SMREG-SAP interface. +2. The current Radio Access in use being GERAN (or UTRAN); the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch forwards the SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-REQ to the GSM/UMTS SM layer via unchanged SMREG-SAP interface. This PDP context has not yet been activated on any access, and so: + - no "ANCHOR\_ADDR container" is set in the Protocol Configuration Options (PCO) field; + - a "GERAN/UTRAN access type container" is set in the PCO field. + +NOTE 1: If the MS Application does not provide any PCO in its request, the MS EGAN ACCESS MODE SWITCH client creates one. + +3. Since the GSM/UMTS SM layer is unchanged, it processes Activate PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 24.008 [4]. +4. Since the SGSN is unchanged, it processes Activate PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 and 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]. + +NOTE 2: The APN resolution provides the SGSN with a list of IP addresses of Proxy-Gn function residing on EGANC. + +5. The Proxy-Gn receives the PDP context creation request without ANCHOR\_ADDR container within the PCO information. Since the EGAN Access Type container is present, the Proxy-Gn creates an "Anchor PDP context" and among others: + - a. It stores the parameter related to the Gn signalling (IP address of SGSN and TEID for signalling), as well as the source IP address of the received request, in GERAN/UTRAN Termination; + - b. It allocates a TEID for GTP signalling for the Network Termination. + +Then, it resolves the APN to find out a GGSN IP address, replaces the received IP address and the TEID for GTP-C (signalling) with those of the Network Termination of the Anchor PDP context. + +NOTE 3: The IP address and TEID for GTP-U (user plane) remain those provided by the SGSN since the Proxy-Gn is not involved in the User Plane. + +6. Since the GGSN is unchanged, it processes Create PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 [6] and 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]. +7. Upon receiving the Create PDP Context Response from the GGSN, the Proxy-Gn: + - a. stores the IP address and the TEID for GTP-C (signalling) of the GGSN in the Anchor PDP context Network Termination; + - b. returns Create PDP Context Response to the SGSN with the following modifications: + - it replaces the control TEID and IP address of the GGSN by those of GERAN/UTRAN Termination; + - it creates a Protocol Configuration Options field or appends to the existing Protocol Configuration Options field a ANCHOR\_ADDR container set with Proxy-Gn IP address. + +NOTE 4: The IP address and TEID for GTP-U are passed unchanged to the SGSN. + +8. Since the SGSN is unchanged, it processes the Create PDP Context Response as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 [6] and 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]. +9. Since the MS GSM/UMTS SM layer is unchanged, it processes the Activate PDP Context Response as defined in 3GPP TS 24.008 and sends SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-REQ via the unchanged SMREG-SAP interface to the EGAN Access Mode Switch. +10. The MS EGAN Access Mode Switch stores the address of the Proxy-Gn anchoring that PDP context (received in the PCO), and sets PDP context to ACTIVE on the GERAN/UTRAN side. The MS EGAN Access Mode Switch confirms the PDP Context Activation to the MS Application via unchanged SMREG-SAP as specified in 3GPP TS 24.007 [9]. + +###### b) PDP context activation on the EGAN side + +![Sequence diagram of PDP context activation procedure in EGAN mode. The diagram shows interactions between MS (Application, eGAN Access Mode Switch, GA-SM, SM), SGSN, eGANC (GA-SM and Proxy-Gn), and GGSN. The sequence starts with the Application layer in the MS sending an smreg-pdp-activate-req to the eGAN Access Mode Switch. The eGAN Access Mode Switch then sends an smreg-pdp-activate-req (PCO(E-GAN Access Type)) to the GA-SM. The GA-SM sends a ga-sm-activate_pdp_context (GRE_key, PCO(E-GAN access Type)) to the eGANC. The eGANC sends a create_pdp_context_req to the GGSN. The GGSN returns a create_pdp_context_rsp. The eGANC then sends a ga-sm-activate_pdp_rsp (GRE_key, PCO(ANCHOR_ADDR)) to the GA-SM. The GA-SM sends an smreg-pdp-activate-cnf (PCO(ANCHOR-ADDR)) to the eGAN Access Mode Switch. Finally, the eGAN Access Mode Switch sends an smreg-pdp-activate-cnf to the Application layer. A watermark 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com' is visible in the bottom right corner.](b2ea162a0f53d5e0504b7d28346e0754_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram of PDP context activation procedure in EGAN mode. The diagram shows interactions between MS (Application, eGAN Access Mode Switch, GA-SM, SM), SGSN, eGANC (GA-SM and Proxy-Gn), and GGSN. The sequence starts with the Application layer in the MS sending an smreg-pdp-activate-req to the eGAN Access Mode Switch. The eGAN Access Mode Switch then sends an smreg-pdp-activate-req (PCO(E-GAN Access Type)) to the GA-SM. The GA-SM sends a ga-sm-activate\_pdp\_context (GRE\_key, PCO(E-GAN access Type)) to the eGANC. The eGANC sends a create\_pdp\_context\_req to the GGSN. The GGSN returns a create\_pdp\_context\_rsp. The eGANC then sends a ga-sm-activate\_pdp\_rsp (GRE\_key, PCO(ANCHOR\_ADDR)) to the GA-SM. The GA-SM sends an smreg-pdp-activate-cnf (PCO(ANCHOR-ADDR)) to the eGAN Access Mode Switch. Finally, the eGAN Access Mode Switch sends an smreg-pdp-activate-cnf to the Application layer. A watermark 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com' is visible in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 9: PDP context activation procedure in EGAN mode** + +The MS has successfully performed its registration with the GAN and the application requests the activation of a PDP context. It may or may not be GPRS-attached. + +1. The MS application layer requests the activation of a PDP Context by sending SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-REQ via the unchanged SMREG-SAP interface. + +2. The current Radio Access in use is GAN, therefore the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch forwards the SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-REQ to GA-SM layer via the unchanged SMREG-SAP interface. This PDP context has not yet been activated on any access, and so: + +- no ANCHOR\_ADDR container is set in the Protocol Configuration Options field; +- a EGAN access type container is set in the PCO field. + +NOTE: If the MS Application does not provide any PCO in its requests, the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch creates one. + +3. A tunnel identity (e.g. GRE "key") is allocated by the MS GA-SM for user plane downlink traffic and provided within the GA-SM-Activate-PDP-Context request that is sent to the serving EGANC. +4. Upon reception of GA-SM Activate PDP Context Request by the serving EGANC: + - The GA-SM layer performs User Authorization for that APN as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 [6] (Note that it uses the Subscriber Information Data downloaded at MS registration to perform APN authorization), selects a "key" and an IP address for the tunnel (e.g. GRE) for the uplink traffic and records the key of the tunnel (e.g. GRE) provided in GA-SM Activate PDP Context Request for the downlink traffic. + - The local Proxy-Gn layer detects that there is no ANCHOR\_ADDR container within the PCO information. Since the EGAN Access Type container is present, the Proxy-Gn creates a Anchor PDP context and allocates a TEID for GTP signalling for the Network Termination. Then, it resolves the APN to find out a GGSN IP address, and sends Create PDP Context Request to the GGSN per 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]. +5. Since the GGSN is unchanged, it processes Create PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 [6] and 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]: it returns Create PDP Context Response to the Proxy-Gn, which is seen as a SGSN. +6. Upon reception of Create PDP Context Response by the serving EGANC: + - a) The EGANC Proxy-Gn function: + - stores the IP address and the TEID for GTP-C (signalling) of the GGSN in the Network Termination of the Anchor PDP context; + - passes these information to the local GA-SM with the PCO field or appends to the existing PCO field a ANCHOR\_ADDR container set with Proxy-Gn IP address. + - b) The serving GA-SM function sends GA-SM Activate PDP Context Accept to the MS with the PCO as well as the "key" and IP address of its selected tunnel. +7. Upon reception of GA-SM Activate PDP Context Accept, the MS GA-SM layer performs tunnel switching and sends SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-CNF to the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch via the unchanged SMREG-SAP interface. +8. The MS EGAN Access Mode Switch stores the address of the Proxy-Gn anchoring that PDP context (received in the PCO), and sets PDP context to ACTIVE on the EGAN side. The MS EGAN Access Mode Switch confirms the PDP Context Activation to the MS Application via unchanged SMREG-SAP as defined in 3GPP TS 24.007 [9]. + +###### c) PDP context de-activation on the EGAN side + +Here, it is assumed that the MS is in EGAN mode and proceeds with the deletion of the last PDP context associated to the PDP address. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the PDP context deactivation procedure on EGAN mode. The diagram shows interactions between MS (Application, eGAN Access Mode Switch, GA-SM, SM), SGSN, eGANC (GA-SM), eGANC (Proxy-Gn), and GGSN. The process involves a request from the Application to deactivate a PDP context, which is then processed through the eGAN Access Mode Switch, GA-SM, eGANC (GA-SM), Proxy-Gn, and GGSN, with responses being returned at each step.](7e1c9b51e067a48cd0fcc9748d8bd8d8_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant Application + subgraph MS + participant eGAN Access Mode Switch + participant GA-SM + participant SM + end + participant SGSN + participant eGANC_GA_SM as eGANC (GA-SM) + participant eGANC_Proxy_Gn as eGANC (Proxy-Gn) + participant GGSN + + Application->>eGAN Access Mode Switch: 1-smreg-pdp-deactivate-req + eGAN Access Mode Switch->>GA-SM: 2-smreg-pdp-deactivate-req (PCO(E-GAN access Type)) + GA-SM->>eGANC_GA_SM: 3-ga-sm-deactivate_pdp_context (PCO(E-GAN access Type)) + eGANC_GA_SM->>eGANC_Proxy_Gn: 4-delete_pdp_context_req + eGANC_Proxy_Gn->>GGSN: 4-delete_pdp_context_req + GGSN->>eGANC_Proxy_Gn: 5-delete_pdp_context_rsp + eGANC_Proxy_Gn->>eGANC_GA_SM: 5-delete_pdp_context_rsp + eGANC_GA_SM->>GA-SM: 6-ga-sm-deactivate_pdp_rsp + GA-SM->>eGAN Access Mode Switch: 7-smreg-pdp-deactivate-cnf + eGANC_GA_SM->>SGSN: 9-delete_pdp_context_req + SGSN->>eGANC_GA_SM: 10-delete_pdp_context_rsp + eGAN Access Mode Switch->>Application: 8-smreg-pdp-deactivate-cnf + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the PDP context deactivation procedure on EGAN mode. The diagram shows interactions between MS (Application, eGAN Access Mode Switch, GA-SM, SM), SGSN, eGANC (GA-SM), eGANC (Proxy-Gn), and GGSN. The process involves a request from the Application to deactivate a PDP context, which is then processed through the eGAN Access Mode Switch, GA-SM, eGANC (GA-SM), Proxy-Gn, and GGSN, with responses being returned at each step. + +**Figure 10: PDP context deactivation procedure on EGAN mode** + +1. The Application requests the deletion of the SMREG-PDP-DEACTIVATE-REQ to the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch via unchanged SMREG-SAP interface. +2. Since the MS is currently in GAN mode, the MS Access Mode Switch forwards SMREG-PDP-DEACTIVATE-REQ to GA-SM layer with PCO set to EGAN Access Type via unchanged SMREG-SAP interface. +3. GA-SM sends GA-SM Deactivate PDP Context Request towards the serving EGANC GA-SM. +4. Upon reception of GA-SM Deactivate PDP Context Request by the serving EGANC: + - a) The GA-SM entity retrieves the MS PDP context and sends a Delete PDP Context as defined in the 3GPP TS 29.060 [5] to the Proxy-Gn. + - b) The Proxy-Gn forwards Delete PDP Context to the GGSN and the EGAN Access Termination enters the INACTIVE state. +5. Since the GGSN is unchanged, it processes the Delete PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 [6] and 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]: it sends Delete PDP Context Response to the Proxy-Gn, which forwards it to the serving GA-SM (thanks to the GTP-C parameter stored in the Anchor PDP context) and releases all the resources related to the Anchor PDP context. +6. The serving GA-SM retrieves the PDP context thanks to the TEID of Delete PDP Context Response and sends a De-activate PDP Context Response to the MS GA-SM. +7. The MS GA-SM releases all the resources related to that PDP context and sends SMREG-PDP-DEACTIVATE-CNF via the unchanged SMREG-SAP interface. +8. Upon reception of SMREG-PDP-DEACTIVATE-CNF, the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch sets PDP context (NSAPI) to INACTIVE on the EGAN side. Since there is no more PDP context for the PDP address, the ANCHOR\_ADDR associated to the PDP address is cleared. Finally the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch confirms PDP Context Deletion to the MS Application via unchanged SMREG-SAP interface as defined in 3GPP TS 24.007 [9]. +9. If the GERAN/UTRAN Access Termination was still ACTIVE, the EGAN sends Delete PDP Context Request to the SGSN. + +10. The SGSN returns Delete PDP Context Response to the EGANC per 3GPP TS 23.060 [6]. + +###### d) PDP context de-activation on the GERAN/UTRAN side + +Here, it is assumed that: + +- 1) the MS is in EGAN mode and proceeds with the deletion of the last PDP context associated to the PDP address; +- 2) the PDP context is not ACTIVE on the GAN side. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating PDP context deactivation on GERAN/UTRAN mode. The diagram shows interactions between MS (Application, eGAN Access Mode Switch, SM), SGSN, eGANC (Proxy-Gn), and GGSN. The process starts with the Application sending a deactivate request to the eGAN Access Mode Switch, which then passes it to the SM layer. The SM layer sends a deactivate request to the SGSN, which in turn sends a delete request to the Proxy-Gn. The Proxy-Gn sends a delete request to the GGSN, which returns a response. The Proxy-Gn then sends a response back to the SGSN, which finally sends a deactivate response back to the SM layer, which then sends a deactivate confirm back to the Application.](8d325fc12b494e42c9ea7ed2a7f327a6_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS as MS + subgraph MS + direction TB + Application + eGAN[eGAN Access Mode Switch] + SM + end + participant SGSN + participant eGANC as eGANC (Proxy-Gn) + participant GGSN + + Application->>eGAN: 1-smreg-pdp-deactivate-req + eGAN->>SM: 2-smreg-pdp-deactivate-req (PCO(E-GAN access Type)) + SM->>SGSN: 3-deactivate_pdp_context + SGSN->>eGANC: 4-delete_pdp_context_req + eGANC->>GGSN: 5-delete_pdp_context_req + GGSN-->>eGANC: 6-delete_pdp_context_rsp + eGANC-->>SGSN: 7-delete_pdp_context_rsp + SGSN-->>SM: 8-deactivate_pdp_rsp + SM-->>eGAN: 9-smreg-pdp-deactivate-cnf + eGAN-->>Application: 10-smreg-pdp-deactivate-cnf + +``` + +Cadifra Evaluation +www.cadifra.com + +Sequence diagram illustrating PDP context deactivation on GERAN/UTRAN mode. The diagram shows interactions between MS (Application, eGAN Access Mode Switch, SM), SGSN, eGANC (Proxy-Gn), and GGSN. The process starts with the Application sending a deactivate request to the eGAN Access Mode Switch, which then passes it to the SM layer. The SM layer sends a deactivate request to the SGSN, which in turn sends a delete request to the Proxy-Gn. The Proxy-Gn sends a delete request to the GGSN, which returns a response. The Proxy-Gn then sends a response back to the SGSN, which finally sends a deactivate response back to the SM layer, which then sends a deactivate confirm back to the Application. + +**Figure 11: PDP context deactivation on GERAN/UTRAN mode** + +1. The Application requests the deletion of the PDP context by sending SMREG-PDP-DEACTIVATE-REQ to the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch via unchanged SMREG-SAP interface. +2. Since the PDP context is ACTIVE on the GERAN/UTRAN side only, the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch initiates a SMREG-PDP-DEACTIVATE-REQ towards the GSM/UMTS SM layer of the MS via unchanged SMREG-SAP interface as defined in 3GPP TS 24.007 [9]. +3. Since the GSM/UMTS SM layer is unchanged, it processes De-activate PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 24.008 [4]. +4. Since the SGSN is unchanged, it processes De-activate PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 [6] and 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]: it sends Delete PDP Context Request to the Proxy-Gn. +5. The Proxy-Gn retrieves the Anchor PDP context thanks to the TEID of the GTP-C frame (as in 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]) and the GERAN/UTRAN Access Termination enters the INACTIVE state. The Proxy-Gn sends Delete PDP Context Request towards the GGSN whose parameters have been stored in the Network Termination of the Anchor PDP context. Its behaviour against GGSN is the same as the one specified in 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]. +6. Since the GGSN is unchanged, it processes Delete PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 [6] and 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]. +7. The Proxy-Gn sends Delete PDP Context Response towards the SGSN (thanks to the GTP-C parameter stored in the GERAN/UTRAN Termination of the Anchor PDP context) and releases all the resources related to the Anchor PDP context. +8. Since the SGSN is unchanged, it processes De-activate PDP Context Response as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 [6] and 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]. +9. Since the GSM/UMTS SM layer is unchanged, it processes De-activate PDP Context Response as defined in 3GPP TS 24.008 [4]: it sends SMREG-PDP-DEACTIVATE-CNF via unchanged SMREG-SAP interface. + +10. On reception of SMREG-PDP-DEACTIVATE-CNF, the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch sets PDP context (NSAPI) to INACTIVE on the GERAN/UTRAN side. Since there is no more PDP context for the PDP address, the ANCHOR\_ADDR associated to the PDP address is cleared. Finally The MS EGAN Access Mode Switch confirms PDP Context Deletion to the MS Application via unchanged SMREG-SAP interface as defined in 3GPP TS 24.007 [9]. + +##### 5.1.1.3.3 PS Handover procedures between GAN and GERAN/UTRAN + +###### a) Handover from GERAN/UTRAN to EGAN + +The MS is EGAN registered, has an active PDP Context and is not in a CS call and, e.g. due to some radio environment-based trigger, the MS decides to handover towards EGAN. The following flow chart describes how active PDP contexts are maintained. It is controlled by the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch transparently to the Application. + +The synchronization between the CS-PS handover mechanism and the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch is described in a separate CS-PS merged flow chart. + +![Sequence diagram of GERAN/UTRAN to EGAN PS handover procedure. The diagram shows the interaction between the MS (containing Application, eGAN Access Mode Switch, GA-SM, and SM), SGSN, eGANC (GA-SM), eGANC (Proxy-Gn), and GGSN. The steps are: 1) smreg-pdp-activate-req (PCO(ANCHOR-ADDR)) from eGAN Access Mode Switch to GA-SM; 2) ga-sm-activate_pdp_req(GRE_key, PCO(ANCHOR_ADDR)) from GA-SM to eGANC (GA-SM); 3) create_pdp_context_req from eGANC (GA-SM) to eGANC (Proxy-Gn); 4) update_pdp_context_req from eGANC (Proxy-Gn) to GGSN; 5) update_pdp_context_rsp from GGSN to eGANC (Proxy-Gn); 6) create_pdp_context_rsp from eGANC (Proxy-Gn) to eGANC (GA-SM); 7) ga-sm-activate_pdp_rsp(GRE_key and IP addr), PCO(ANCHOR-ADDR) from eGANC (GA-SM) to GA-SM; 8) smreg-pdp-activate-cnf (PCO(ANCHOR-ADDR)) from GA-SM to eGAN Access Mode Switch.](9b686adccf125267a013fa25721231a3_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram of GERAN/UTRAN to EGAN PS handover procedure. The diagram shows the interaction between the MS (containing Application, eGAN Access Mode Switch, GA-SM, and SM), SGSN, eGANC (GA-SM), eGANC (Proxy-Gn), and GGSN. The steps are: 1) smreg-pdp-activate-req (PCO(ANCHOR-ADDR)) from eGAN Access Mode Switch to GA-SM; 2) ga-sm-activate\_pdp\_req(GRE\_key, PCO(ANCHOR\_ADDR)) from GA-SM to eGANC (GA-SM); 3) create\_pdp\_context\_req from eGANC (GA-SM) to eGANC (Proxy-Gn); 4) update\_pdp\_context\_req from eGANC (Proxy-Gn) to GGSN; 5) update\_pdp\_context\_rsp from GGSN to eGANC (Proxy-Gn); 6) create\_pdp\_context\_rsp from eGANC (Proxy-Gn) to eGANC (GA-SM); 7) ga-sm-activate\_pdp\_rsp(GRE\_key and IP addr), PCO(ANCHOR-ADDR) from eGANC (GA-SM) to GA-SM; 8) smreg-pdp-activate-cnf (PCO(ANCHOR-ADDR)) from GA-SM to eGAN Access Mode Switch. + +**Figure 12: GERAN/UTRAN to EGAN PS handover procedure** + +1. The MS EGAN Access Mode Switch triggers an SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-REQ as if it were initiated by the MS Application (see section "First PDP context activation on the EGAN side"), except that it inserts in the PCO field the ANCHOR\_ADDR container received on the previous PDP context activate response (GERAN/UTRAN side). +2. A tunnel identity (e.g. GRE "key") is allocated by the GA-SM for user plane downlink traffic and provided within the GA-SM-Activate-PDP-Context Request that is sent to the serving EGANC. +3. The serving EGANC GA-SM gets the Proxy-Gn address from the ANCHOR\_ADDR container and sends the Create PDP Context Request to that address. +4. The Proxy-Gn retrieves the Anchor PDP context (based on IMSI and NSAPI): + - stores the parameter related to the Gn signalling (IP address of serving GA-SM and TEID for signalling), as well as the source IP address of the received request; + - informs the GGSN that the user plane must be now switched to the EGANC by sending an Update PDP Context Request towards the GGSN. The payload of Update PDP Context Request contains: + - The IP address and TEID of the user plane received from the serving GA-SM. + - The IP address and TEID of the control plane from the Network Termination of the Anchor PDP context. + +5. Since the GGSN is unchanged, it processes Update PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 [6] and 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]: it returns Create PDP Context Response to the Proxy-Gn, which is seen as a SGSN. From now on, the downlink traffic is sent directly to the EGANC. +6. The Proxy-Gn: + - processes Update PDP Context Response as defined in 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]; + - sends Create PDP Context Response to EGANC GA-SM: + - the control TEID and IP address are those of EGAN Termination; + - the user plane TEID and IP address are those received in the Update PDP Context Response (because the Proxy-Gn is not involved in the user plane); + - an ANCHOR\_ADDR container set with Proxy-Gn IP address is appended to the Protocol Configuration Options field. (if there is no PCO in response from GGSN, the Proxy-Gn creates one). +7. The serving GA-SM sends GA-SM Activate PDP Context Response to the MS with the Protocol Configuration Options as received, as well as the "key" and IP address of its selected GRE tunnel (uplink traffic). +8. On reception of GA-SM Activate PDP Context Response, the MS GA-SM sends SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-REQ to the EGAN Access Mode Switch. + +The MS EGAN Access Mode Switch sets PDP context to ACTIVE on the EGAN side. It stores the "key" and IP address of the tunnel for uplink traffic. Subsequent uplink frames received from the Application (SN-SAP and RAB-SAP) are encapsulated in the tunnel and sent to the EGAN. + +Note that after the CS/PS handover procedure, the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch may perform an internal deletion of the GERAN/UTRAN side of the PDP context. On the Network Side the Access Termination becomes ACTIVE-SLAVE; a timer is started and at its expiration the Proxy-Gn initiates a Delete PDP Context Procedure towards the SGSN. + +###### **b) Handover from EGAN to GERAN/UTRAN** + +The MS is still EGAN registered, has an active PDP Context and is not in a CS call and, e.g. due to some radio environment-based trigger, handover procedure is initiated on the MS side. The following flow chart describes how active PDP contexts are maintained. It is controlled by the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch transparently to the Application. + +The synchronization between the CS-PS handover mechanism and the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch is described in a separate CS-PS merged flow chart. + +![Sequence diagram of EGAN to GERAN/UTRAN PS handover procedure. Lifelines: MS (Application, eGAN Access Mode Switch, GA-SM, SM), SGSN, Interim Proxy-Gn, eGANC (Anchor Proxy-Gn), GGSN. The sequence shows 8 steps: 1) MS SM to MS eGAN: smreg_activate_pdp_req; 2) MS eGAN to SGSN: activate_pdp_req; 3) SGSN to eGANC: create_pdp_req; 4) eGANC to GGSN: update_pdp_context_req; 5) GGSN to eGANC: update_pdp_context_rsp; 6) eGANC to SGSN: create_pdp_rsp; 7) SGSN to MS SM: activate_pdp_rsp; 8) MS SM to MS eGAN: smreg_activate_pdp_cnf. A watermark 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com' is visible in the bottom right.](9c1d3678db4a12d5864cb2a4def1135d_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram of EGAN to GERAN/UTRAN PS handover procedure. Lifelines: MS (Application, eGAN Access Mode Switch, GA-SM, SM), SGSN, Interim Proxy-Gn, eGANC (Anchor Proxy-Gn), GGSN. The sequence shows 8 steps: 1) MS SM to MS eGAN: smreg\_activate\_pdp\_req; 2) MS eGAN to SGSN: activate\_pdp\_req; 3) SGSN to eGANC: create\_pdp\_req; 4) eGANC to GGSN: update\_pdp\_context\_req; 5) GGSN to eGANC: update\_pdp\_context\_rsp; 6) eGANC to SGSN: create\_pdp\_rsp; 7) SGSN to MS SM: activate\_pdp\_rsp; 8) MS SM to MS eGAN: smreg\_activate\_pdp\_cnf. A watermark 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com' is visible in the bottom right. + +**Figure 13: EGAN to GERAN/UTRAN PS handover procedure** + +1. The MS EGAN Access Mode Switch triggers SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-REQ as if it were initiated by the MS Application (see section "First PDP context activation on the GERAN/UTRAN side"), except that it inserts in the PCO field the ANCHOR\_ADDR container received on the previous PDP context activate response (EGAN side). +2. Since the GSM/UMTS SM layer is unchanged, it processes SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-REQ as defined in 3GPP TS 24.008: it sends Activate PDP Context Request to the SGSN. +3. Since the SGSN is unchanged, it processes Activate PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 and 3GPP TS 29.060. +4. APN resolution provides the SGSN with a list of IP addresses of Proxy-Gn functions residing on EGANC. Since it is possible to configure more than one Proxy-Gn IP address, for addressing EGANC scalability, the SGSN may select an "Interim" Proxy-Gn IP address that is not the one identified by the ANCHOR\_ADDR container. The "Interim" Proxy-Gn reads the ANCHOR\_ADDR and relays the request to the Proxy-Gn specified in the ANCHOR\_ADDR. That behaviour takes on the first request only, all subsequent signalling being directly routed to the Proxy-Gn Anchor. The "Interim" Proxy-Gn is not involved in further requests which are directly routed between SGSN and Proxy-Gn Anchor. +5. Upon reception of Create PDP Context Request, the Anchor Proxy-Gn: + - Retrieves the Anchor PDP context (based on IMSI and NSAPI). + - Registers the parameter related to the Gn signalling (IP address of serving SGSN and TEID for signalling), as well as the source IP address of the received request, in GERAN/UTRAN Termination. + - Informs the GGSN that the user plane must be now switched to the SGSN. For that, it initiates a Update PDP Context Request towards the GGSN. The payload of the Update PDP Context Request contains: + - The IP address and TEID of the user plane received from SGSN. + - The IP address and TEID of the control plane from the Network Termination of the Anchor PDP context. +6. Since the GGSN is unchanged, it processes Update PDP Context Request as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 and 3GPP TS 29.060. From now on, the downlink traffic is sent to the SGSN. + +7. The Proxy-Gn processes Update PDP Context Response as defined in 3GPP TS 29.060. Then it sends Create PDP Context Response to the SGSN via the "Interim" Proxy-Gn, with the following GTP-C/GTP-U parameters: + - Control plane TEID and IP address of the GERAN/UTRAN Termination; + - User plane TEID and IP address received in the Update PDP Context Response. +8. Since the SGSN is unchanged, it processes Create PDP Context Response as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060 and 3GPP TS 29.060 +9. Since the GSM/UMTS SM layer is unchanged, it processes the Activate PDP Context Response as defined in 3GPP TS 24.008: it sends SMREG-PDP-ACTIVATE-CNF to the EGAN Access Mode Switch. + +The MS EGAN Access Mode Switch sets PDP context to ACTIVE on the GERAN/UTRAN side Subsequent uplink frames received from the Application (SN-SAP and RAB-SAP) are submitted by the MS EGAN Access Mode Switch to the SN-SAP (RAB-SAP) of the Non Access Stratum of the MS. + +Note that the PDP context of the EGAN side, maintained by the EGAN ACCESS MODE SWITCH, will be deleted during the de-registration of the MS from GAN. + +##### 5.1.1.3.4 CS+PS Handover between GAN and GERAN/UTRAN + +###### a) GERAN to EGAN Handover + +![Sequence diagram of GERAN to EGAN CS+PS handover procedure. Lifelines: MS (with GAN Registered), GANC, BSC, CN, and GGSN. The process involves measurement, handover request/acknowledge, command, access, RTP setup, PDP context activation, traffic redirection, completion, and clearing of old resources.](f2ea0f64a770b22b902820457d262265_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant BSC + participant CN + participant GGSN + + Note left of MS: GAN Registered + MS->>BSC: 1. Um: Measurement Report + BSC->>CN: 2. Handover Required + CN->>GANC: 3. Handover Request + GANC->>CN: 4. Handover Request Acknowledge + CN->>BSC: 5. Handover Command + BSC->>MS: 6. Um: Handover Command + MS->>GANC: 7. GA-CSR HANDOVER ACCESS + MS->>GANC: 8. RTP stream setup + Note right of GANC: PDP Context Activation + MS->>GANC: 8.1 activate_pdp_context_req + GANC->>GGSN: 8.2 update_pdp_context + GGSN->>GANC: 8.3 activate_pdp_context_cnf + Note right of GANC: Traffic Redirection + MS->>GANC: Gre:data traffic + GANC->>GGSN: Gn:data traffic + MS->>GANC: 9. GA-CSR HANDOVER COMPLETE + GANC->>CN: 10. Handover Detect + CN->>GANC: 11. Voice traffic + GANC->>CN: 12. Handover Complete + CN->>BSC: 13. Clear Command + BSC->>CN: 14. Clear Complete + +``` + +Sequence diagram of GERAN to EGAN CS+PS handover procedure. Lifelines: MS (with GAN Registered), GANC, BSC, CN, and GGSN. The process involves measurement, handover request/acknowledge, command, access, RTP setup, PDP context activation, traffic redirection, completion, and clearing of old resources. + +Figure 14: GERAN to EGAN CS+PS handover procedure + +The following assumptions are added to the assumptions stated in 3GPP TS 43.318: + +- the MS has successfully registered to EGANC for operating in EGAN mode; and +- the MS has at least one active PDP context. + +Steps 1 to 8, and steps 9 to 14 are identical to GAN R6/R7 specified in 3GPP TS 43.318, subclause 8.14.1.1. For the PS domain handover, steps 8.1 to 8.3 are added. + +- 8.1 MS GA-SM layer initiates an Activate PDP Context Procedure towards the serving EGANC GA-SM (IP address of the serving GA-SM has been provided with the GA-RC Registration Accept). A PCO field is appended with the ANCHOR\_ADDR container provided by the EGANC during the activation of the PDP in GERAN mode. +- 8.2 The EGANC GA-SM initiates an Update PDP Context Procedure with the GGSN through the Proxy-Gn indicated in the ANCHOR-ADDR container, in order to switch the data path from the GGSN towards the EGANC. +- 8.3 The PDP context handover ends when the EGANC returns the Activate PDP Context Confirmation towards the MS. + +Now the data path between the MS and the GGSN is established through the EGANC. + +9. The MS sends the GA-CSR HANDOVER COMPLETE message to indicate the completion of handover procedure. + +Handovers from GERAN to GAN for terminals in DTM mode is FFS. The handover from the BSS must be handled for CS domain only, the PS domain data path being recovered in the target GAN cell via PDP Context Activation procedure described above. Some techniques such as cell configuration in the BSS, or specific MS behaviour should be investigated. + +###### b) UTRAN to EGAN Handover + +![Sequence diagram of UTRAN to EGAN CS+PS handover procedure. Lifelines: MS (with GAN Registered), GANC, RNC, CN, and GGSN. The process involves measurement reports, relocation requests, handover commands, and data path updates between the RNC and GGSN via the GANC.](4f148853ae68fdcf5e43f7604cab457d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant RNC + participant CN + participant GGSN + + Note left of MS: GAN Registered + MS->>RNC: 1. Uu: Measurement Report + RNC->>CN: 2. Relocation Required + CN->>GANC: 3. Handover Request + GANC->>CN: 4. Handover Request Acknowledge + CN->>RNC: 5. Relocation Command + RNC->>MS: 6. Uu: Handover from UTRAN command + MS->>GANC: 7. GA-CSR HANDOVER ACCESS + MS->>GANC: 8. RTP stream setup + Note right of GANC: PS Handover + GANC->>GGSN: 8.2 update_pdp_context + GGSN-->>GANC: 8.1 activate_pdp_context_req + GANC-->>MS: 8.3 activate_pdp_context_cnf + Note right of GGSN: Data Path Update + GGSN-->>GANC: Gn:data traffic + GANC-->>MS: Gre:data traffic + MS->>GANC: 9. GA-CSR HANDOVER COMPLETE + GANC->>CN: 10. Handover Detect + CN->>MS: 11. Voice traffic + GANC->>CN: 12. Handover Complete + CN->>RNC: 13. Iu Release Cmd + RNC-->>CN: 14. Iu Release Cmp + +``` + +Sequence diagram of UTRAN to EGAN CS+PS handover procedure. Lifelines: MS (with GAN Registered), GANC, RNC, CN, and GGSN. The process involves measurement reports, relocation requests, handover commands, and data path updates between the RNC and GGSN via the GANC. + +Figure 15: UTRAN to EGAN CS+PS handover procedure + +The following assumptions are added to the assumptions stated in 3GPP TS 43.318: + +- the MS has successfully registered to EGANC for operating in EGAN mode; and +- the MS has at least one active PDP context. + +Steps 1 to 8, and steps 9 to 14 are identical to GAN R6/R7 specified in 3GPP TS 43.318, subclause 8.14.1.2. For the PS domain handover, steps 8.1 to 8.3 are added. + +- 8.1 MS GA-SM layer initiates an Activate PDP context towards the serving EGANC GA-SM (IP address of the serving GA-SM has been provided with the GA-RC Registration accept). A PCO field in appended with the ANCHOR\_ADDR container provided by the EGAN during the activation of the PDP in GERAN mode. +- 8.2 The EGANC GA-SM initiates an Update PDP Context procedure with the GGSN through the Proxy-Gn indicated in the ANCHOR-ADDR container, in order to switch the data path from the GGSN towards the EGANC. +- 8.3 The PDP context handover ends when the EGANC returns the Activate PDP Context Confirmation towards the MS. + +Now the data path between the MS and the GGSN is established across the EGANC. + +9. The MS sends the GA-CSR HANDOVER COMPLETE message to indicate the completion of handover procedure. + +###### c) Handover from EGAN to GERAN + +![Sequence diagram of EGAN to GERAN CS+PS handover procedure. Lifelines: MS, GANC, Proxy-Gn, BSC, CN, SGSN, GGSN. The diagram shows the flow of messages for both Circuit Switched (CS) and Packet Switched (PS) domains during a handover from EGAN to GERAN.](9f9386d5b3d6cbeb1ed104a799320ebf_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant Proxy-Gn + participant BSC + participant CN + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + + Note left of MS: Ongoing GAN connection + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-CSR UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION + GANC->>MS: 2. GA-CSR HANDOVER INFORMATION + GANC->>CN: 3. Handover Required + CN->>BSC: 4. Handover Request + BSC->>CN: 5. Handover Request Ack + CN->>GANC: 6. Handover Command + GANC->>MS: 7. GA-CSR HANDOVER COMMAND + MS->>BSC: 8. Um: Handover Access + BSC->>CN: 9. Handover Detect + CN-->>BSC: 10. Voice + BSC->>MS: 11. Um: Physical Information + MS->>BSC: 12. Um: Handover Complete + BSC->>CN: 13. Handover Complete + Note right of CN: Voice traffic + CN-->>BSC: 14. Voice traffic + CN->>GANC: 15. Clear Command + GANC->>MS: 16. GA-CSR RELEASE + GANC->>CN: 17. Clear Complete + Note right of CN: PS Handover + GANC->>SGSN: 17a. activate_pdp_req + SGSN->>Proxy-Gn: 17b. create_pdp_req + Proxy-Gn->>GGSN: 17c. update pdp + GGSN->>Proxy-Gn: 17d. create_pdp_req + Proxy-Gn->>SGSN: 17e. activate_pdp_req + Note right of SGSN: Data traffic + SGSN-->>BSC: 17f. Data traffic + BSC->>MS: 18. GA-CSR RELEASE COMPLETE + GANC->>MS: 19. GA-CSR DEREGISTER + +``` + +Sequence diagram of EGAN to GERAN CS+PS handover procedure. Lifelines: MS, GANC, Proxy-Gn, BSC, CN, SGSN, GGSN. The diagram shows the flow of messages for both Circuit Switched (CS) and Packet Switched (PS) domains during a handover from EGAN to GERAN. + +Figure 16: EGAN to GERAN CS+PS handover procedure + +The following assumptions are added to the assumptions stated in 3GPP TS 43.318: + +- the MS has successfully registered to EGANC for operating in EGAN mode; and +- the MS has at least one active PDP context. + +The handover from GAN to GERAN procedure is triggered by the MS as in Release 6. + +Steps 1 to 17, and steps 18 to 19 are identical to GAN R6/R7 specified in 3GPP TS 43.318, subclause 8.14.2. For the PS domain handover, steps 17a to 17f are added. + +The Handover for the PS domain takes place after the successful handover of the CS-Domain. More specifically, the CS handover is identical to the Release 6 CS handover, and the PS handover starts upon the receiving of the GA-CSR RELEASE message. + +That message is the confirmation of the completion of the handover, the CN indicates to the serving EGANC to release any resources allocated to the MS, via the Clear Command. The Clear Command does not imply the release of the resources allocated for the PS domain. + +- 17.a) MS GA-SM initiates an Activate PDP Context towards the CN. Note that if the MS is not GPRS attached, the MS MM layer initiates a GPRS Attach before sending Activate PDP Context to the Network as specified in 3GPP TS 24.007. +- 17.b) The SGSN initiates a Create PDP Context Procedure towards the EGANC Proxy-Gn (the Proxy-Gn IP address is provided by the MS in the PCO field). As described in the PS-only handover procedure, the APN resolution by the DNS may lead the SGSN to route the signalling to an interim Gn-Proxy that redirects the signalling to the EGANC thanks to the PCO field. +- 17.c) The EGANC Proxy-Gn initiates an update PDP Context Procedure with the GGSN in order to switch the data path from the GGSN towards the EGANC. +- 17.d) The EGANC Proxy-Gn confirms the creation of the PDP context to the SGSN and provides the SGSN with the information related to the GTP user plane. +- 17.e) The SGSN confirms the activation of the PDP context towards the MS. As the two radios run simultaneously, the MS can receive PS downlink data via WLAN RAT until this step. +- 17.f) Now the data path between the MS and the GGSN is established through the SGSN, and thus, the MS can switch the RAT from GAN to GERAN. +- 18. The MS confirms resource release to the GANC using GA-CSR RELEASE COMPLETE message. +- 19. The MS may finally deregister from the GANC, using GA-CSR DEREGISTER message. + +###### d) Handover from EGAN to UTRAN + +![Sequence diagram of EGAN to UTRAN CS+PS handover procedure. Lifelines: MS, eGANC, Proxy-Gn, RNC, CN, SGSN, GGSN. The diagram shows the flow of messages for CS handover (steps 1-18) and PS handover (steps 15a-15f).](b51423b6c049f5b5fcde42e50b58f18b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant eGANC + participant Proxy-Gn + participant RNC + participant CN + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + + Note left of MS: Ongoing GAN connection + MS->>MS: 1. GA-CSR UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION + MS->>eGANC: 2. GA-CSR HANDOVER INFORMATION + eGANC->>CN: 3. Handover Required + CN->>RNC: 4. Relocation Request + RNC->>CN: 5. Relocation Request Ack + CN->>eGANC: 6. Handover Command + eGANC->>MS: 7. GA-CSR HANDOVER COMMAND + MS->>RNC: 8. Uu: UL Synchronization + RNC->>CN: 9. Relocation Detect + CN->>RNC: 10. Voice + MS->>RNC: 11. Uu: Handover to UTRAN Complete + RNC->>CN: 12. Relocation Complete + CN->>MS: 13. Voice traffic + CN->>eGANC: 14. Clear Command + eGANC->>MS: 15. GA-CSR RELEASE + Note right of MS: PS Handover (Steps 15a-15f) + MS->>SGSN: 15a. activate_pdp_req + SGSN->>Proxy-Gn: 15b. create_pdp_req + Proxy-Gn->>GGSN: 15c. update_pdp + GGSN->>Proxy-Gn: 15d. create_pdp_cnf + Proxy-Gn->>SGSN: 15e. activate_pdp_cnf + SGSN->>MS: 15f. Data traffic + Note right of MS: CS Handover (Steps 16-18) + MS->>RNC: 16. Clear Complete + RNC->>CN: 17. GA-CSR RELEASE COMPLETE + CN->>eGANC: 18. GA-CSR DEREGISTER + +``` + +Sequence diagram of EGAN to UTRAN CS+PS handover procedure. Lifelines: MS, eGANC, Proxy-Gn, RNC, CN, SGSN, GGSN. The diagram shows the flow of messages for CS handover (steps 1-18) and PS handover (steps 15a-15f). + +Figure 17: EGAN to UTRAN CS+PS handover procedure + +The following assumptions are added to the assumptions stated in 3GPP TS 43.318: + +- the MS has successfully registered to EGANC for operating in EGAN mode; and +- the MS has at least one active PDP context. + +The handover from GAN to UTRAN procedure is always triggered by the MS as in release 6. + +Steps 1 to 15, and steps 16 to 18 are identical to GAN R6/R7 specified in 3GPP TS 43.318, subclause 8.14.3. For the PS domain handover, steps 15a to 15f are added. + +The Handover for the PS domain takes place after the successful handover of the CS-Domain. More specifically, the CS handover is identical to the Release 6 CS handover, and the PS handover starts upon the receiving of the GA-CSR RELEASE message. + +That message is the confirmation of the completion of the handover, the CN indicates to the serving EGANC to release any resources allocated to the MS, via the Clear Command. The Clear Command does not imply the release of the resources allocated for the PS domain. This will takes place at the time the MS performs the de-registration from EGANC. + +- 15.a) MS GA-SM initiates an Activate PDP Context Procedure towards the CN. Note that if the MS is not GPRS attached, the MS MM layer initiates a GPRS Attach before sending the Activate PDP Context Request to the Network as specified in 3GPP TS 24.007. +- 15.b) The SGSN initiates a Create PDP Context Procedure towards the EGANC Proxy-Gn (the Proxy-Gn IP address is provided by the MS in the PCO field). As described in the PS-only handover procedure, the APN resolution by the DNS may lead the SGSN to route the signalling to an interim Gn-Proxy that redirects the signalling to the EGANC thanks to the PCO field. +- 15.c) The EGANCProxy-Gn initiates an Update PDP Context Procedure with the GGSN in order to switch the data path from the GGSN towards the EGANC. +- 15.d) The EGANC Proxy-Gn confirms the creation of the PDP context to the SGSN and provides the SGSN with the information related to the GTP user plane. +- 15.e) The SGSN confirms the activation of the PDP context towards the MS. As the two radios run simultaneously, the MS can receive PS downlink data via WLAN RAT until this step. +- 15.f) Now the data path between the MS and the GGSN is established across the SGSN, and thus, the MS can switch the RAT from GAN to UTRAN. +17. The MS confirms resource release to the GANC using the GA-CSR RELEASE COMPLETE message. +18. The MS may finally deregister from the GANC, using GA-CSR DEREGISTER message. + +##### 5.1.1.3.5 APN resolution in EGAN mode + +This subclause describes two different configurations for APN resolution, the first option being to configure EGAN capable terminals with specific APNs, the other option being to reuse the same APN for all terminals. Either option can be selected by the operator depending on its deployment configuration (e.g. on whether S-CDR are used in VPLMN). + +###### a) Option1 : specific APN for EGAN capable terminals + +For this option, a new corresponding APN per existing APN is created specifically for EGAN MS. The EGAN capable MS has to use the specific EGAN APN. + +DNS servers resolves these new EGAN APN into a list of Proxy-Gn, whereas still resolving the corresponding APN into a list of GGSN. + +PDP contexts activated by an EGAN capable handset on the GERAN/UTRAN side would result in signalling through a Proxy-Gn, whereas PDP context activated by an non EGAN capable handset would result in a direct signalling from the SGSN to the GGSN. + +![Diagram illustrating the EGAN capable terminal (MS) case. The MS connects to the E-GANC via GA-SM and SM. The E-GANC contains GA-SM and Proxy-Gn. The Proxy-Gn connects to the GGSN via the Gn interface. The DNS server resolves APN to a list of GGSN and E-GAN-APN to a list of Proxy-Gn.](05d8710f69c476939295486ab1440350_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows an 'E-GAN capable MS case'. On the left, a mobile station (MS) icon is shown with two connection paths: one labeled 'GA-SM' with an 'E-GAN APN' box, and another labeled 'SM' with an 'E-GAN APN' box. The 'GA-SM' path leads to a yellow box labeled 'E-GANC', which contains a purple box labeled 'GA-SM' and a green box labeled 'Proxy-Gn'. The 'SM' path leads to a purple box labeled 'SGSN'. Both the 'GA-SM' in the 'E-GANC' and the 'SGSN' have green arrows pointing to a green box labeled 'GGSN', with a yellow box labeled 'APN' in between. A blue cylinder labeled 'DNS' is shown above the 'GGSN', with a yellow box next to it containing 'APN -> list of GGSN' and 'E-GAN-APN -> list of Proxy-Gn'. A green arrow points from the 'DNS' to the 'APN' box. + +Diagram illustrating the EGAN capable terminal (MS) case. The MS connects to the E-GANC via GA-SM and SM. The E-GANC contains GA-SM and Proxy-Gn. The Proxy-Gn connects to the GGSN via the Gn interface. The DNS server resolves APN to a list of GGSN and E-GAN-APN to a list of Proxy-Gn. + +Figure 18: EGAN capable terminal + +![Diagram of a non E-GAN capable MS case. A mobile station (MS) sends an APN request to an E-GANC. The E-GANC contains a GA-SM and a Proxy-Gn. The MS also sends an SM request to an SGSN. The SGSN sends a Gn request to a GGSN. A DNS server is shown with a callout box indicating that APN resolves to a list of GGSN and E-GAN-APN resolves to a list of Proxy-Gn.](2837ffdadcdb1e5bababa56b564e56ed_img.jpg) + +**Non E-GAN capable MS case** + +The diagram illustrates the network architecture for a non E-GAN capable mobile station (MS). The MS is connected to an E-GANC (containing GA-SM and Proxy-Gn) and an SGSN. The E-GANC is connected to a GGSN via a Proxy-Gn. The SGSN is also connected to the GGSN. A DNS server is shown with a callout box indicating that APN resolves to a list of GGSN and E-GAN-APN resolves to a list of Proxy-Gn. + +Diagram of a non E-GAN capable MS case. A mobile station (MS) sends an APN request to an E-GANC. The E-GANC contains a GA-SM and a Proxy-Gn. The MS also sends an SM request to an SGSN. The SGSN sends a Gn request to a GGSN. A DNS server is shown with a callout box indicating that APN resolves to a list of GGSN and E-GAN-APN resolves to a list of Proxy-Gn. + +Figure 19: non EGAN capable terminal + +Doubling the number of APN may be problematic for some operators. This can have incidence on: + +- their charging process; +- the subscriber configuration at HSS or HLR; +- SIM devices. + +###### **b) Option2 : same APN for EGAN and non EGAN capable handsets** + +In this option, the same APN is used by EGAN capable and non EGAN capable handsets. + +Since it is assumed the SGSN is not modified for EGAN, and since there is no specific EGAN APN, the PDP creation requests are routed the same way by the SGSN, no matter whether the handset is EGAN capable or not. Resolving an APN from the SGSN or from the GA-SM of the EGANC must result in a list of Proxy-Gn. + +The Proxy-Gn is able to distinguish among the incoming PDP creation requests those from EGAN capable handsets from those of non EGAN capable handsets (from the PCO field). The Proxy-Gn is so able to: + +- either create an anchor PDP context (EGAN capable handset case); or +- just relay the PDP creation request (non EGAN capable handset case). + +Anyway the Proxy-Gn has to resolve the requested APN into an IP address of a GGSN. + +![Diagram of an E-GAN capable MS case. A mobile station (MS) sends an APN request to an E-GANC. The E-GANC contains a GA-SM and a Proxy-Gn. The MS also sends an SM request to an SGSN. The SGSN sends a Gn request to a GGSN. A callout box indicates that the Proxy-Gn creates an anchor PDP.](dec689324b075952626a86da862b9549_img.jpg) + +**E-GAN capable MS case** + +The diagram illustrates the network architecture for an E-GAN capable mobile station (MS). The MS is connected to an E-GANC (containing GA-SM and Proxy-Gn) and an SGSN. The E-GANC is connected to a GGSN via a Proxy-Gn. The SGSN is also connected to the GGSN. A callout box indicates that the Proxy-Gn creates an anchor PDP. + +Diagram of an E-GAN capable MS case. A mobile station (MS) sends an APN request to an E-GANC. The E-GANC contains a GA-SM and a Proxy-Gn. The MS also sends an SM request to an SGSN. The SGSN sends a Gn request to a GGSN. A callout box indicates that the Proxy-Gn creates an anchor PDP. + +Figure 20: EGAN capable terminal + +![Figure 21: Non EGAN capable terminal. A diagram showing a mobile station (MS) connected to an SGSN. The SGSN is connected to an E-GANC which contains a GA-SM and a Proxy-Gn. The Proxy-Gn is connected to a GGSN via a Gn interface with an APN. A callout box states: 'The Proxy-Gn DOES NOT create a anchor PDP (very'.](78ff716475b2f65bf01c3a4d02d89fc4_img.jpg) + +**NON E-GAN capable MS case** + +The Proxy-Gn DOES NOT create a anchor PDP (very + +Figure 21: Non EGAN capable terminal. A diagram showing a mobile station (MS) connected to an SGSN. The SGSN is connected to an E-GANC which contains a GA-SM and a Proxy-Gn. The Proxy-Gn is connected to a GGSN via a Gn interface with an APN. A callout box states: 'The Proxy-Gn DOES NOT create a anchor PDP (very'. + +Figure 21: Non EGAN capable terminal + +The same APN has to be resolved: + +- in a **list of Proxy-Gn IP addresses** by the SGSN and by the GA-SM of the EGANC; +- in a **list of GGSN IP addresses** by the Proxy-Gn of the EGANC. + +This can be done by introducing a new DNS server (the EGAN DNS server) which resolves APN into a list of Proxy-Gn IP address. The legacy DNS server is kept resolving the APN into a list of GGSN. + +![Figure 21a: EGAN DNS server. A diagram showing four DNS servers: EGAN PRIMARY DNS SERVER, EGAN SECONDARY DNS SERVER, LEGACY PRIMARY DNS SERVER, and LEGACY SECONDARY DNS SERVER. The SGSN and GA-SM of the EGANC send DNS requests to the EGAN DNS servers, which return an 'apn->list of Proxy-Gn'. The Proxy-Gn of the EGANC sends DNS requests to the LEGACY DNS servers, which return an 'apn->list of GGSN'.](1ad662a678c4f002de911d403f00de8e_img.jpg) + +apn->list of Proxy-Gn + +apn->list of GGSN + +DNS requests + +DNS requests + +SGSN + +GA-SM EGANC + +EGAN PRIMARY DNS SERVER + +LEGACY PRIMARY DNS SERVER + +EGAN SECONDARY DNS SERVER + +LEGACY SECONDARY DNS SERVER + +Proxy-Gn EGANC + +Figure 21a: EGAN DNS server. A diagram showing four DNS servers: EGAN PRIMARY DNS SERVER, EGAN SECONDARY DNS SERVER, LEGACY PRIMARY DNS SERVER, and LEGACY SECONDARY DNS SERVER. The SGSN and GA-SM of the EGANC send DNS requests to the EGAN DNS servers, which return an 'apn->list of Proxy-Gn'. The Proxy-Gn of the EGANC sends DNS requests to the LEGACY DNS servers, which return an 'apn->list of GGSN'. + +Figure 21a: EGAN DNS server + +The SGSN and GA-SM of the EGANC resolve their APN on an EGAN DNS server and get back a list of IP addresses of Proxy-Gn. + +The Proxy-Gn resolve their APN on the legacy DNS server and get back a list of IP addresses GGSN. + +Note that the EGAN DNS server can reside on the same host as the legacy DNS server, and may be just an other occurrence of DNS server with a different IP address. + +Every PDP creation request issued by the SGSN has to be processed on the EGANC even for non EGAN capable handsets. Note that in the case of non EGAN capable handset, only the PDP creation request goes through the Proxy-GN. **The subsequent exchanges for this PDP context takes place directly between the SGSN and the GGSN** (PDP context update/delete, secondary PDP context create/update/delete). + +##### 5.1.1.3.6 SMS in EGAN mode + +A 3GPP subscriber has a configuration for SMS domain preference stored in the HLR: "*transfer of SM option*". This parameter prioritizes the domains (CS or PS) to use for SMS delivery to the MS. When a MS is reachable through CS and PS domain, the SMS server tries first to deliver the SMS to the subscriber through the preferred domain. In case the delivery fails on the preferred domain, the SMS server then tries to deliver the SMS on the other domain. + +When the EGAN MS is under GSM/UMTS radio, SMS are sent to and received from the MS as usual for 3GPP terminal, according to the preferred domain configured in the Core Network. + +When the EGAN MS is running in GAN mode, SMS will be delivered via the CS domain regardless of the preferred domain configured for the subscriber. PS-only terminals are not able to receive/send SMS unless specific GA-SM procedure is defined. This is FFS. + +###### a) Delivering SMS when CS domain is a preferred option + +For an EGAN subscriber that: + +- is under EGAN mode; and +- is configured with CS as preferred domain at the HLR; or +- is configured with PS as preferred domain at the HLR but that has already been detected as unreachable through the SGSN. + +The SMS delivery will be attempted directly through the MSC. + +![Sequence diagram of SMS delivery with CS preference. The diagram shows the interaction between HLR, SMS SERVER, MSC/VLR, and MS. The SMS SERVER sends a SendRoutingInfoForShortMessage(MSISDN) to the HLR. The HLR responds with SendRoutingInfoForShortMessage(IMSI, MSC address, ...). The SMS SERVER then attempts the SMS delivery on the 1st path by sending a forwardShortMessage to the MSC/VLR. The MSC/VLR performs a Message transfer to the MS and returns a DeliveryReport(success) to the SMS SERVER. Finally, the SMS SERVER sends an SMDeliveryReport(success on MSC) to the HLR. A note indicates that if the subscriber has a preference for SMS on the CS side, or it has already been detected that it is no more reachable through the SGSN, the response will give MSC address first. Another note indicates that the server attempts the SMS delivery on the 1st path. A watermark 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com' is visible in the bottom right.](1b2ad37940c441d410002c05ff71c7c5_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant MSC/VLR + participant SMS_SERVER + participant HLR + + Note left of HLR: If the subscriber has a preference for SMS on the CS side, or it has already been detected that it is no more reachable through the SGSN, the response will give MSC address first. + + SMS_SERVER->>HLR: SendRoutingInfoForShortMessage(MSISDN) + HLR-->>SMS_SERVER: SendRoutingInfoForShortMessage(IMSI, MSC address, ...) + Note right of SMS_SERVER: The server attempts the SMS delivery on the 1st path + SMS_SERVER->>MSC/VLR: forwardShortMessage + MSC/VLR->>MS: Message transfer + MSC/VLR-->>SMS_SERVER: DeliveryReport(success) + SMS_SERVER-->>HLR: SMDeliveryReport(success on MSC) + +``` + +Sequence diagram of SMS delivery with CS preference. The diagram shows the interaction between HLR, SMS SERVER, MSC/VLR, and MS. The SMS SERVER sends a SendRoutingInfoForShortMessage(MSISDN) to the HLR. The HLR responds with SendRoutingInfoForShortMessage(IMSI, MSC address, ...). The SMS SERVER then attempts the SMS delivery on the 1st path by sending a forwardShortMessage to the MSC/VLR. The MSC/VLR performs a Message transfer to the MS and returns a DeliveryReport(success) to the SMS SERVER. Finally, the SMS SERVER sends an SMDeliveryReport(success on MSC) to the HLR. A note indicates that if the subscriber has a preference for SMS on the CS side, or it has already been detected that it is no more reachable through the SGSN, the response will give MSC address first. Another note indicates that the server attempts the SMS delivery on the 1st path. A watermark 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com' is visible in the bottom right. + +Figure 22: SMS delivery with CS preference + +###### b) Delivering SMS when PS domain is a preferred option + +For an EGAN subscriber that: + +- is in EGAN mode; +- is configured with PS as preferred domain at the HLR; and +- has not yet been detected as unreachable by the SGSN. + +The SMS delivery will first be attempted through the SGSN but will finally be delivered through the MSC. + +![Sequence diagram for SMS delivery with PS preference. Lifelines: HLR, SMS SERVER, SGSN, MSC/VLR, MS. The process involves sending routing info from SMS SERVER to HLR, then to SGSN. If MS is not reachable at SGSN, a failure report is sent back. The server then attempts delivery via MSC/VLR. If successful, a delivery report is sent back to HLR. Callouts explain that if the subscriber has a PS preference, the old SGSN address is tried first. If the MS is not reachable from the SGSN, the MNRG flag is set. The HLR sets the MNRG flag so SMS is only delivered on the CS domain until the MS is reachable again on a SGSN.](9f6dec4d4e9fde40bce018861ef1278e_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram for SMS delivery with PS preference. Lifelines: HLR, SMS SERVER, SGSN, MSC/VLR, MS. The process involves sending routing info from SMS SERVER to HLR, then to SGSN. If MS is not reachable at SGSN, a failure report is sent back. The server then attempts delivery via MSC/VLR. If successful, a delivery report is sent back to HLR. Callouts explain that if the subscriber has a PS preference, the old SGSN address is tried first. If the MS is not reachable from the SGSN, the MNRG flag is set. The HLR sets the MNRG flag so SMS is only delivered on the CS domain until the MS is reachable again on a SGSN. + +Figure 23: SMS delivery with PS preference + +##### 5.1.1.3.7 EGAN Registration and subscriber management in PS Domain + +###### a) EGAN Registration + +The serving EGANC performs the attachment of the MS to the Core Network in the PS domain during the GA-RC Register Request procedure. Note that the Authentication and Discovery procedures remain those defined in 3GPP TS 43.318 [2] and that only a new parameter is added to the GA-RC Register Request to trigger the EGAN PS domain attachment. The EGAN registration takes place once the IPSec tunnel has been set-up and after the GAN discovery procedure. + +![Sequence diagram for EGAN PS registration procedure. Lifelines: MS, EGANC, AAA, HSS. The MS sends a GA-RC REGISTER REQUEST (EGAN capable) to the EGANC. The EGANC sends an AA-Request to the AAA. The AAA sends a NASR to the HSS and a NASAA to the EGANC. The EGANC sends a GA-RC REGISTER ACCEPT (AA-accept) to the MS. Callouts indicate that the MS is EGAN capable and that the AAA registers the AA-Address, Location, IPsec tunnel, and charging information.](f1091147d93cee4dfa88498610e395a7_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram for EGAN PS registration procedure. Lifelines: MS, EGANC, AAA, HSS. The MS sends a GA-RC REGISTER REQUEST (EGAN capable) to the EGANC. The EGANC sends an AA-Request to the AAA. The AAA sends a NASR to the HSS and a NASAA to the EGANC. The EGANC sends a GA-RC REGISTER ACCEPT (AA-accept) to the MS. Callouts indicate that the MS is EGAN capable and that the AAA registers the AA-Address, Location, IPsec tunnel, and charging information. + +Figure 24: EGAN PS registration procedure + +1. The MS initiates a registration procedure towards the EGANC whose address has been retrieved during the discovery procedure. The message contains the information that the MS is EGAN capable. The message contains the information that the MS is EGAN capable. +2. The EGANC sends AA-Request message to initiate the registration procedure. + +3. The AAA server registers the serving GA-SM address of the subscriber, and registers itself by sending Server-Assignment-Request to the HSS. + 4. HSS registers the AAA server address and downloads the subscription profile to the AAA server by Server-Assignment-Answer message. +- NOTE: If AAA server already has the subscriber profile, this step may be skipped. +5. AAA server responds to the EGANC with AA-Answer message. + 6. The EGANC responds to the MS register request, with a modified GA-RC register accept in which it provides the address of the serving GA-SM. + +###### b) EGAN deregistration + +The standard GA-RC De-registration procedure is unchanged as seen by the terminal. This procedure enables the MS to explicitly inform the EGANC that it is leaving GAN mode. + +The EGANC can also autonomously release the MS registration context, and send a GA-RC DEREGISTER message to the MS. Alternatively, the EGANC can implicitly deregister the MS by closing the TCP connection with the MS. + +The EGANC initiates a "Purge Procedure" toward the serving AAA server of the MS and any active PDP context is deleted. + +![Sequence diagram of the de-registration procedure initiated by EGANC. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, eGANC, AAA, and HSS. The sequence of messages is: 1. GA-RC:DEREGISTER-REQ from eGANC to MS; 2. Wm: Session_Termination_Request from eGANC to AAA; 3. Wm: Session_Termination_Answer from AAA to eGANC. A 'PDP contexts deletion' note is shown on the eGANC lifeline after step 1. An 'Optional Purge procedure' note is shown on the AAA lifeline, with a dashed line extending to the HSS lifeline. A 'Wx' note is also present on the AAA lifeline. The diagram is labeled 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com'.](132cff7e872feb31f629703959beddd7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant eGANC + participant AAA + participant HSS + Note right of eGANC: PDP contexts deletion + eGANC->>MS: 1.GA-RC:DEREGISTER-REQ + eGANC->>AAA: 2.Wm: Session_Termination_Request + Note right of AAA: Wx + Note right of AAA: Optional Purge procedure + AAA-->>eGANC: 3.Wm: Session_Termination_Answer + Note right of HSS: Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com + +``` + +Sequence diagram of the de-registration procedure initiated by EGANC. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS, eGANC, AAA, and HSS. The sequence of messages is: 1. GA-RC:DEREGISTER-REQ from eGANC to MS; 2. Wm: Session\_Termination\_Request from eGANC to AAA; 3. Wm: Session\_Termination\_Answer from AAA to eGANC. A 'PDP contexts deletion' note is shown on the eGANC lifeline after step 1. An 'Optional Purge procedure' note is shown on the AAA lifeline, with a dashed line extending to the HSS lifeline. A 'Wx' note is also present on the AAA lifeline. The diagram is labeled 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com'. + +**Figure 25: De-registration procedure initiated by EGANC** + +1. EGANC decides to de-register the user (due to various reasons including inactivity timer expired, etc.). It sends Deregistration message to MS. +2. The EGANC deletes the PDP context and sends Session-Termination-Request to AAA server. +3. The AAA server removes the address of the serving GA-SM previously registered and sends the acknowledgement using Session-Termination-Answer message. +Optionally, if the AAA server wants to purge the MS state, it starts the purge procedure by sending SAR message with server assignment type set to 'user\_deregistration'. HSS removes the AAA server name assigned for the user and sends SAA to the AAA server. +The serving GA-SM releases all the resources related to that MS. + +![Sequence diagram for de-registration procedure initiated by MS. Lifelines: MS, eGANC, AAA, HSS. The process starts with MS sending a GA-RC:DEREGISTER-REQ to eGANC. eGANC performs PDP contexts deletion and sends a Wm: Session_Termination_Request to AAA. AAA performs an optional purge procedure with HSS and returns a Wm: Session_Termination_Answer to eGANC.](c99bf3a0530a3e58f5f2d2790ba7441b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant eGANC + participant AAA + participant HSS + Note right of eGANC: PDP contexts deletion + Note right of AAA: Wx +Optional Purge procedure + MS->>eGANC: 1.GA-RC:DEREGISTER-REQ + eGANC->>AAA: 2.Wm: Session_Termination_Request + AAA-->>HSS: Optional Purge procedure + AAA->>eGANC: 3.Wm: Session_Termination_Answer + +``` + +Cadifra Evaluation +www.cadifra.com + +Sequence diagram for de-registration procedure initiated by MS. Lifelines: MS, eGANC, AAA, HSS. The process starts with MS sending a GA-RC:DEREGISTER-REQ to eGANC. eGANC performs PDP contexts deletion and sends a Wm: Session\_Termination\_Request to AAA. AAA performs an optional purge procedure with HSS and returns a Wm: Session\_Termination\_Answer to eGANC. + +**Figure 26: De-registration procedure initiated by MS** + +###### c) Update subscriber profile + +In case subscriber profile of the user is updated on the HSS, a user profile update procedure is started by the HSS. + +![Sequence diagram for Update Subscriber Profile. Lifelines: MS, SGW, eGANC, AAA, HSS. The process starts with HSS sending a Wx: Push_Profile_Request to AAA. AAA responds with Wx: Push_Profile_Answer. A note indicates a GA-SM address is registered for the user. AAA then sends a Wm: Re-auth-Request to eGANC. eGANC responds with Wm: Re-auth-Answer, then sends a Wm: AA_Request to AAA, which returns a Wm: AA-Answer.](52e112d1ba42a3c660bf62a0fea927d3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGW + participant eGANC + participant AAA + participant HSS + Note right of AAA: there is a GA-SM address registered for that user + HSS->>AAA: 1. Wx: Push_Profile_Request + AAA->>HSS: 2. Wx: Push_Profile_Answer + AAA->>eGANC: 3.Wm: Re-auth-Request + eGANC->>AAA: 4.Wm:Re-auth-Answer + eGANC->>AAA: 5. Wm: AA_Request + AAA->>eGANC: 6. Wm: AA-Answer + +``` + +Cadifra Evaluation +www.cadifra.com + +Sequence diagram for Update Subscriber Profile. Lifelines: MS, SGW, eGANC, AAA, HSS. The process starts with HSS sending a Wx: Push\_Profile\_Request to AAA. AAA responds with Wx: Push\_Profile\_Answer. A note indicates a GA-SM address is registered for the user. AAA then sends a Wm: Re-auth-Request to eGANC. eGANC responds with Wm: Re-auth-Answer, then sends a Wm: AA\_Request to AAA, which returns a Wm: AA-Answer. + +**Figure 27: Update Subscriber Profile** + +The AAA server has been updated with new subscriber data information: + +1. When a user profile is updated, HSS downloads the updated profile to AAA server using Push-Profile-Request message. +2. AAA server responds with Push-Profile-Answer message. +3. If a serving GA-SM (EGANC) is registered for this subscriber, the AAA server updates the subscriber information. Then it requests the re-authorization of this user to the EGANC by sending Re-auth-Request message. +4. The EGANC responds to AAA server with Re-auth-Answer. This request from AAA server triggers the re-authorization at the EGANC. +5. EGANC sends AA-Request with the APN that is currently served. +6. The AAA server compares the APN with the updated profile and sends AA-Answer if a user is authorized to access the APN under updated profile. This may trigger PDP context update or deletion. + +###### d) HSS Purge procedure + +The HSS purge procedure is initiated by the HSS towards the registered AAA server when a new AAA server registers or the user subscription is cancelled and this user cannot be serviced. + +![Sequence diagram of the HSS Purge procedure. It shows two main entities: AAA and HSS. The HSS sends a '1-Wx: Registration_Termination_Request' message to the AAA. The AAA responds with a '2-Wx: Registration_Registration_Answer' message. A note below the AAA indicates 'The User information is removed'. A watermark 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com' is visible in the bottom right corner of the diagram area.](e05122559f56af5699789b7118d8fe87_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant HSS + participant AAA + Note left of AAA: The User information is removed + HSS->>AAA: 1-Wx: Registration_Termination_Request + AAA-->>HSS: 2-Wx: Registration_Registration_Answer + +``` + +Sequence diagram of the HSS Purge procedure. It shows two main entities: AAA and HSS. The HSS sends a '1-Wx: Registration\_Termination\_Request' message to the AAA. The AAA responds with a '2-Wx: Registration\_Registration\_Answer' message. A note below the AAA indicates 'The User information is removed'. A watermark 'Cadifra Evaluation www.cadifra.com' is visible in the bottom right corner of the diagram area. + +**Figure 28: HSS purge procedure** + +1. When a HSS decides that the registration needs to be terminated at the AAA server, it initiates the purge procedure to the AAA server by sending Registration-Termination-Request message. +2. The AAA server deletes the subscriber information and responds to HSS by Registration-Termination-Answer message. +3. If there is a GA-SM registered at the AAA server for that subscriber, a purge procedure is initiated to the GA-SM for that subscriber. AAA server sends Abort-session-request message to the EGANC for this purpose. +4. The EGANC deletes all the active PDP contexts and releases the resources related to that subscriber. Then it responds with Abort-session-answer message. Note that it affects the PS domain only, and does not cancel the GAN registration. + +##### 5.1.1.3.8 Network Requested PDP Context Activation (NRPCA) + +NRPCA requires subscribers having static IP addresses. The GGSN must be configured with the mapping between a subscriber IP address and its IMSI/APN pair. + +When a GGSN receives a frame from the IP network for such an IP address, it has to report this event to the SGSN of the subscriber thanks to the PDU Notification request/response exchange defined in 3GPP TS 29.060. The main task for the GGSN is to find out which SGSN the subscriber is attached to. Two possibilities: + +- 1) A PDP context already exists on the GGSN for this IMSI. +The PDU notification is sent to the control address of the existing PDP context. +- 2) No PDP context exists on the GGSN for this IMSI. +The GGSN invokes the user location services. Two optional interfaces exist for this purpose: + - a. A MAP interface over SS7 between the GGSN and an HLR (3GPP TS 29.002). + - b. A Gn interface over IP between the GGSN and a SGSN (location service of 3GPP TS 29.060). + +It can be noticed that the MAP interface over SS7 (a) is not a natural interface for a GGSN, and this is the reason why this service has been ported on the Gn interface (b) which is a native GGSN interface. + +The GGSN has to be configured with the IP addresses of the nodes that can provide it with the Gn location service. In a standard 3GPP network these are SGSN IP addresses. In the enhanced Up A/Gn alternative these are EGANC IP addresses instead. + +The EGANC, which provides the Gn location service to the GGSN, has to be configured with the IP addresses of the SGSN that can provide it with the Gn location service. These are the IP addresses that were previously configured on the GGSN in standard 3GPP network. + +###### a) The subscriber is EGAN registered + +Initial conditions: + +- an IP frame is received by the GGSN for an IP address for which NRPCA is configured; +- no PDP context is already activated for this IMSI on the GGSN; +- this IMSI is registered on EGAN side. + +Either the GGSN can directly select the EGANC where the subscriber is registered, or the EGANC can be retrieved via the AAA-HSS Location procedures standardized in 3GPP standardized Diameter interface (upgrade of Wx). + +After the EGANC is selected, the PDU notification can be delivered from the GGSN to the EGANC the subscriber is registered to. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 28a: Subscriber EGAN registered. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, eGANC, and GGSN. The GGSN sends a Gn.PDU notification request to the eGANC. The eGANC stores the GGSN IP address and TEID. The eGANC sends a Gn.PDU notification response to the GGSN. The eGANC sends a GA.SM.PDP context activation request to the MS. The MS responds with stat 3385. The eGANC sends another GA.SM.PDP context activation request to the MS. The MS responds with stop 3385. The eGANC sends a Gn.create PDP context request to the GGSN. The GGSN responds with a Gn.create PDP context response. Finally, the eGANC sends a GA.SM.PDP context activation response to the MS.](0908107b858fa3783d10d93b3a3444b2_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant eGANC + participant GGSN + Note right of eGANC: The EGANC stores the GGSN IP address and TEID of the GGSN for this IMSI/AFN + GGSN->>eGANC: 1.Gn.PDU notification request + eGANC-->>GGSN: 2.Gn.PDU notification response + eGANC->>MS: 3.GA.SM.PDP context activation request + MS-->>eGANC: stat 3385 + eGANC->>MS: 4.GA.SM.PDP context activation request + MS-->>eGANC: stop 3385 + eGANC->>GGSN: 5.Gn.create PDP context request + GGSN-->>eGANC: 6.Gn.create PDP context response + eGANC->>MS: 7.GA.SM.PDP context activation response + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 28a: Subscriber EGAN registered. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, eGANC, and GGSN. The GGSN sends a Gn.PDU notification request to the eGANC. The eGANC stores the GGSN IP address and TEID. The eGANC sends a Gn.PDU notification response to the GGSN. The eGANC sends a GA.SM.PDP context activation request to the MS. The MS responds with stat 3385. The eGANC sends another GA.SM.PDP context activation request to the MS. The MS responds with stop 3385. The eGANC sends a Gn.create PDP context request to the GGSN. The GGSN responds with a Gn.create PDP context response. Finally, the eGANC sends a GA.SM.PDP context activation response to the MS. + +Figure 28a: Subscriber EGAN registered + +1. The GGSN send the "Gn:PDU notification request" to the EGANC address that it has retrieved thanks to the location request. +2. The EGANC stores the information of the request and sends back the "Gn:PDU notification response". +3. The EGANC request the MS to activate a PDP context by sending it a "GA.SM:PDP context activation request". This is the same message as the "SM:PDP context activation request" defined in 3GPP TS 24.008 but it is sent to the MS over the Wifi RAT. +4. The MS proceeds as requested to a PDP context activation. +5. The EGANC sends a "Gn:create PDP context request" using information it has stored from the previous PDU notification. +6. - 7. end the PDP context activation normally on EGAN side. + +###### b) The subscriber is GPRS attached + +Initial conditions: + +- an IP frame is received by the GGSN for an IP address for which NRPCA is configured; +- no PDP context is already activated for this IMSI on the GGSN; +- this IMSI is not registered on EGAN side but is GPRS attached. + +Either the GGSN can directly select the EGANC where the subscriber is registered, or the EGANC can be retrieved via the AAA-HSS Location procedures standardized in 3GPP standardized Diameter interface (upgrade of Wx). + +The PDU notification can then be delivered by the GGSN to the EGANC that has retrieved the SGSN the subscriber is attached to. + +![Sequence diagram showing the signaling flow for a GPRS attached subscriber between MS, SGSN, EGANC, and GGSN. Steps include PDU notification requests and responses, PDP context activation requests, and create PDP context requests/responses.](24a89bcaba787f2bc1721356480a4a01_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant SGSN + participant EGANC + participant GGSN + + GGSN->>EGANC: 1. Gn:PDU notification request (GGSN IP, TEID & IP@) + Note over EGANC: The EGANC stores the GGSN IP address and TEID +of the GGSN for this IMSI/APN + EGANC->>SGSN: 2. Gn:PDU notification request (EGANC IP, TEID & IP@) + SGSN-->>EGANC: 3. Gn:PDU notification response + EGANC-->>GGSN: 4. Gn:PDU notification response + SGSN->>MS: 5. SM:PDP context activation request + Note over MS, SGSN: start 3385 + MS->>SGSN: 6. SM:PDP context activation request + Note over MS, SGSN: stop 3385 + SGSN->>EGANC: 7. Gn:create PDP context request + EGANC->>GGSN: 8. Gn:create PDP context request + GGSN-->>EGANC: 9. Gn:create PDP context response + EGANC-->>SGSN: 10. Gn:create PDP context response (proxy-G@) + SGSN-->>MS: 11. SM:PDP context activation response (proxy-G@) + +``` + +Cadifra Evaluation +www.cadifra.com + +Sequence diagram showing the signaling flow for a GPRS attached subscriber between MS, SGSN, EGANC, and GGSN. Steps include PDU notification requests and responses, PDP context activation requests, and create PDP context requests/responses. + +**Figure 28b: Subscriber GPRS attached** + +- The GGSN send the "Gn:PDU notification request" to the EGANC address that has processed the previous location request (its address was set in the location response). +- The EGANC retrieves the IP address of the SGSN the subscriber is attached to (it has previously stored it). It forwards the "Gn:PDU notification request" to this SGSN, and substitutes the GGSN IP address and TEID with its own IP address and TEID. +- The SGSN receives the "Gn:PDU notification request" and acknowledges it. +- The EGANC forwards the "Gn:PDU notification response". +- The SGSN upwards a "SM:PDP context activation request" to the MS. +- The MS initiates a PDP context activation procedure as defined in 3GPP TS 23.060. +- The SGSN sends a PDP create request to the EGANC which IP address and TEID has been provided in the previous "Gn:PDU notification request". +- The EGANC initiates a "Gn:create PDP context request" procedure towards the GGSN IP address and TEID received in the PDU notification of step 1. +9. - 11. Terminate the PDP context activation normally. + +##### 5.1.1.3.9 Roaming aspects + +In GPRS/UMTS, the subscriber can activate a PDP context by providing an APN with or without an Operator Id. Operator Id is used to force the SGSN to select the APN in the Operator Id PLMN, which could be either the VPLMN or the HPLMN. When the Operator Id is not present, the VPLMN selects the PLMN according to the subscriber parameter "VPLMN allowed" from the HLR subscriber profile (refer to 3GPP TS 23.060 Activation procedure and annex A). + +Three cases are described depending on the APN in the activation request message from the terminal: + +- APN with Operator Id. +- APN without Operator Id, and "VPLMN allowed" is not set for that subscriber. +- APN without Operator Id, and "VPLMN allowed" is set for that subscriber. + +Now, let's assume same APN for EGAN capable and not capable terminals. The SGSN always routes signalling messages to a Proxy-Gn (first request only for non EGAN MS). *Note that Proxy-Gn is a function of the EGANC.* Another assumption is that must be no modification of the SGSN software, therefore the APN resolution algorithm is kept unchanged. + +The DNS servers are unchanged. They respond to queries as usual in roaming cases. Nevertheless some entries may be added or modified in the DNS servers. + +There are two different roaming cases. + +###### a) The visited PLMN is EGAN capable + +This is the case when the VPLMN offers GAN/EGAN services, and the Home Operator has roaming agreements with the Visited Operator. In this case, the Default GANC in the HPLMN may have redirected the terminal to a Serving GANC in the VPLMN. + +A PDP context activation through the EGANC must reach the same PLMN that it would have reached without the EGANC. + +The principle is based on DNS entries configuration: the DNS entries for "APN -> GGSN list" are replaced by two entries: + +- "APN -> Proxy-Gn list": this is used by the SGSN to route towards the Proxy-Gn; +- "EGANAPN -> GGSN list": this is used by the proxy-GN to route towards the GGSN. Note that the proxy-Gn will append "EGAN" to the APN sent by the terminal before calling the DNS server. The mechanism is shown in figures 29 and 30 depending on whether the proxy-Gn is in the VPLMN or in the HPLMN. + +![Figure 29: Routing from SGSN to GGSN via EGANC in VPLMN. The diagram shows the flow of data and DNS queries between a UE, SGSN, V-DNS, H-DNS, EGANC (proxy-Gn), and GGSN. A vertical dashed line separates the VPLMN (left) from the HPLMN (right).](252210dd01a9d2f476bfb1c284c59ccf_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + UE[UE] -- "(1) « APN »" --> SGSN[SGSN] + SGSN -- "(2) « APN »" --> V-DNS[(V-DNS)] + V-DNS -- "(3) Proxy-Gn list" --> SGSN + SGSN -- "(4) « APN »" --> EGANC["EGANC (proxy-Gn)"] + EGANC -- "(5) « eganAPN »" --> V-DNS + V-DNS -- "(6) GGSN list" --> EGANC + EGANC -- "(7) « APN »" --> GGSN[GGSN] + V-DNS <--> H-DNS[(H-DNS)] + style (5) stroke:red,color:red + +``` + +Figure 29: Routing from SGSN to GGSN via EGANC in VPLMN. The diagram shows the flow of data and DNS queries between a UE, SGSN, V-DNS, H-DNS, EGANC (proxy-Gn), and GGSN. A vertical dashed line separates the VPLMN (left) from the HPLMN (right). + +Figure 29: Routing from SGSN to GGSN via EGANC in VPLMN + +![Figure 30: Routing from SGSN to GGSN via EGANC in HPLMN. The diagram shows a flow from UE to SGSN, then to EGANC (proxy-Gn), and finally to GGSN. DNS queries are made to V-DNS and H-DNS. The flow is labeled with (1) through (7) and includes APN, Proxy-Gn list, eganAPN, and GGSN list.](4e85fe330de2c4f5eea6de4b2a53c77f_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + UE[UE] -- "(1) « APN »" --> SGSN[SGSN] + SGSN <--> "(2) « APN »" & "(3) Proxy-Gn list" <--> V-DNS[(V-DNS)] + SGSN -- "(4) « APN »" --> EGANC["EGANC (proxy-Gn)"] + EGANC <--> "(5) « eganAPN »" & "(6) GGSN list" <--> H-DNS[(H-DNS)] + EGANC -- "(7) « APN »" --> GGSN[GGSN] + V-DNS <--> H-DNS + +``` + +Figure 30: Routing from SGSN to GGSN via EGANC in HPLMN. The diagram shows a flow from UE to SGSN, then to EGANC (proxy-Gn), and finally to GGSN. DNS queries are made to V-DNS and H-DNS. The flow is labeled with (1) through (7) and includes APN, Proxy-Gn list, eganAPN, and GGSN list. + +**Figure 30: Routing from SGSN to GGSN via EGANC in HPLMN** + +Two configurations are possible: + +- 1.1) Proxy-Gn and GGSN are chosen in the same PLMN. +- 1.2) The Proxy-Gn is selected in the visited PLMN. + +###### **b) The visited PLMN is not EGAN capable** + +This is the case when the VPLMN does not offer GAN/EGAN services. In this case, the Serving GANC is in the HPLMN. The terminal is aware of that, so it can provide the APN with Operator Id = HPLMN (appended by the GA-SM layer) when the terminal requests GAN PS services. + +The visited DNS entries are unchanged (the visited PLMN does not support GAN or EGAN). + +The former Home DNS entries for « APN->GGSN list » are replaced with two entries: + +- « APN->Proxy-GN list » (for SGSN to route towards a Proxy Gn). +- « EGAN\_APN->GGSN list » (for Proxy GN to route towards GGSN). + +Compared to legacy GAN, which does not allow mobility in that case, reaching the proxy-Gn in the HPLMN enables to provide PS mobility between Wifi and GPRS/UMTS although the visited network is not EGAN and even not GAN capable. + +#### 5.1.1.4 Terminal architecture and impacts + +##### 5.1.1.4.1 Introduction + +The main aspects related to protocols and functional blocks in the MS are the following: + +- 1) Transport layers (IPsec/IP/L2/L1) are kept unchanged. +- 2) R6/R7 GAN protocols for CS domain (GA-CSR) are kept unchanged. +- 3) R6/R7 GAN protocols for authentication, security and GAN discovery/registration (GA-RC) are kept unchanged, except that there will be a few additional parameters (e.g. classmark, EGAN network capability, packet node IP address). +- 4) PS domain: there is no impact to 3GPP NAS layer. The new access mode switch is located under application IP layer and switches between EGAN mode and GPRS/UMTS mode. There is no impact on GPRS/UMTS protocol stacks and all the enhanced GAN procedures are transparent to these protocol stacks. +- 5) This new terminal architecture applies to both 2G-only and 3G/2G terminals. +- 6) For backward compatibility with GAN R6 in the PS domain, GA-PSR, GA-RC and Access Mode Selection may be kept together with the PS EGAN functionality to allow the terminal to access a both a EGAN network and a R6 GAN legacy network. + +##### 5.1.1.4.2 CS domain Control Plane + +The CS domain is unchanged from R6/R7. + +![MS CS Domain Control plane Architecture diagram showing layers from Connection Management (CM) down to GSM Baseband.](69e5f1993021af230d08c08aac97d9df_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the MS CS Domain Control plane Architecture. At the top, the Connection Management (CM) layer contains three sub-components: CC (Call Control), SS (Supplementary Services), and SMS (Short Message Service). These are connected via MMCC-SAP, MMSS-SAP, and MMSMS-SAP interfaces to the Mobility Management (MM) layer. The MM layer is connected via an RR-SAP interface to an Access Mode selection point. Below this, the architecture branches into two paths: one through GA-CSR and GA-RC layers, and another through GSM RR. Both paths converge at the GSMGAN-SAP interface. The GA-CSR path continues through TCP, Remote IP, IPSec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. The GSM RR path continues through LAPDm and GSM Baseband layers. + +MS CS Domain Control plane Architecture diagram showing layers from Connection Management (CM) down to GSM Baseband. + +Figure 31: MS CS Domain Control plane Architecture + +##### 5.1.1.4.3 CS domain User Plane + +The CS domain unchanged from R6/R7. + +![Up CS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture diagram showing data flow from MS through Generic IP Network, GANC, and MSC.](18291be12b470a557e8c9f3a74e021be_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Up CS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture. It shows the flow of data from the MS (Mobile Station) through the Generic IP Network, GANC (Gateway GPRS Support Node), and MSC (Mobile Switching Center). The MS contains layers for Codec/Rate Adaptation, RTP/UDP, Remote IP, IPSec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. These connect to the Generic IP Network, which has Transport IP and Access Layers. The data then enters the GANC, which includes a Transcoding (if necessary) block, Codec/Rate Adaptation, RTP/UDP, Remote IP, IPSec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. The GANC also contains Speech Bearer and Physical Layers. The data flows from the GANC's Speech Bearer and Physical Layers through an 'A' interface to the MSC. The MSC contains IWG (if necessary), Speech Bearer, and Physical Layers. A dashed vertical line labeled 'Up Interface' is positioned between the MS and the GANC. + +Up CS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture diagram showing data flow from MS through Generic IP Network, GANC, and MSC. + +Figure 32: Up CS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture + +##### 5.1.1.4.4 PS domain + +The enhanced Up solution architecture is based on 3GPP TS 24.007 [9] and standardized reference points. There are no modifications to existing blocks or interfaces. + +Figure 3 shows the terminal architecture for PS domain for GSM/GPRS-GAN terminal, and Figure 4 shows the terminal architecture for PS domain for UMTS-GSM/GPRS-GAN terminal. + +The yellow colour represents the parts that already exist in R6 GAN and used without modification. + +The blue colour represents the parts that are new for the enhanced GAN. + +The grey parts are shown here to enable the MS to connect to R6 GAN, for backward compatibility purposes. + +![Figure 33: GSM-GPRS-GAN terminal architecture diagram showing three modes: GERAN/UTRAN mode, GAN mode, and EGAN mode. The diagram illustrates the protocol stack and components for each mode, highlighting changes and additions for the enhanced GAN (EGAN) mode.](94d3fdcc244924326f02533aeb2d93fc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the terminal architecture for GSM-GPRS-GAN, showing three operational modes: GERAN/UTRAN mode, GAN mode, and EGAN mode. At the top, the **MA-SM (Multi-access SM)** block is connected to three interfaces: **SN-SAP(xn)**, **SMREG-SAP**, and **GMMREG-SAP**. Below it is the **eGAN Access Mode Switch**. + +**GERAN/UTRAN mode** (left, blue dashed box labeled "Unchanged 24.008"): Contains **SNDCP**, **Session Management** (connected to **SNMSAP**), **CM**, **MM-sublayer** (connected to **GMMREG-SAP**), **GMM**, **LLC sublayer** (connected to **LLGMM-SAP**), and **QoS 1-4 SAP's**. Below this is an **Access Mode (for backward compatibility)** block. + +**GAN mode** (middle, grey dashed box labeled "Unchanged 43.318 44.318"): Contains **GPRS RLC**, **GA PSR (for backward compatibility)** (connected to **GPRSGAN SAP**), **GA-RC (for backward compatibility)** (connected to **GANGPRS SAP**), **TCP**, **UDP**, **Remote IP**, **IPSec ESP**, **Transport IP**, and **Access Layers**. Below this is a **MAC** block and **GSM Baseband**. + +**EGAN mode** (right, green dashed box labeled "Added for Enhanced GAN"): Contains **GA-SM (control)** (connected to **WSMREG-SAP**) and **Tunnel (traffic)** (connected to **WRAB-SAP**). + +Figure 33: GSM-GPRS-GAN terminal architecture diagram showing three modes: GERAN/UTRAN mode, GAN mode, and EGAN mode. The diagram illustrates the protocol stack and components for each mode, highlighting changes and additions for the enhanced GAN (EGAN) mode. + +**Figure 33: GSM-GPRS-GAN terminal architecture** + +###### MA-SM (Multi-access session management) in the Mobile Station + +MA-SM is located at RAB-SAP/SN-SAP(xn) application interface for user plane and SMREG-SAP application interface for control plane, which are kept **unchanged**. It maintains the sessions towards the application. Whenever an application is requested to run, it triggers the creation of the appropriate PDP context for that application and stores the resulting PDP context information. It decides which access is to be used at certain point of time. + +When the user is in GERAN/UTRAN mode, the MA-SM commands the GPRS SM to execute the PDP context management. When the user is in GAN mode, the MA-SM commands the GA-SM to execute the PDP context + +management. MA-SM also keeps track of the PDP contexts that have become active during each access, so that it can synchronize the PDP contexts across the accesses. + +In summary, the MA-SM provides the intelligence for the handover and the session management across the multiple accesses. It keeps the master PDP contexts which are towards the application and synchronizes the PDP contexts across these accesses (i.e. any PDP Context activated while in eGAN mode will be triggered over the GERAN/UTRAN RAT at a point in time determined by MA-SM). Since it is located above the EGAN access mode switch, all the GPRS and GAN related procedures will be performed without any changes. The MA-SM can activate the PDP contexts any time in any access (GAN, GERAN or UTRAN) as long as the radio is available. This means that the PDP contexts can be activated over GERAN/UTRAN right after they are activated over GAN when the user is in GAN mode. This makes the hand-back to GERAN/UTRAN procedure quick. + +The MA-SM does not add any protocol layer, but it is acting as a functional entity. There is a similar functionality in the EGANC (i.e. correlating the user traffic from GERAN/UTRAN and GAN and triggering the switch). The 'Mobility Logic' in eGANC performs the functionality (see subclause 5.1.1.3.1). However, there is no peer-to-peer communication for MA-SM in the mobile station and the mobility logic in eGANC. When there is a need to exchange information between these two entities (e.g. for selecting the same eGANC over GERAN/UTRAN and GAN), this information is exchanged indirectly via PCO field included within SM messages. The MA-SM is the entity that generates and consumes this PCO information. + +###### **EGAN Access mode switch** + +EGAN Access Mode Switch is located under the MA-SM. It switches the mode between EGAN and 3GPP as indicated by the MA-SM. It performs the following functionalities: + +- Interfaces UDP/IP via the new WSMREG-SAP interface for the control plane, and via the new interface WRAB-SAP for the user plane. +- Handles the PS handover (EGAN mode switching) and multiplexes requests based on the current mode (switching between the application signalling at upper SMREG-SAP and either GSM/UMTS SMREG-SAP or the new WLAN SMREG-SAP). This is transparent to the signalling transferred in GERAN/UMTS mode. +- Switches the user plane data between Application SN-SAP/RAB-SAP and either GSM/UMTS SN-SAP/RAB-SAP or WLAN RAB SAP. + +###### **GA-SM (EGAN packet session management)** + +GA-SM terminates the 24.008-like Session Management signalling protocol for GAN. Its peer entity is in the EGANC. It is in charge of managing/maintaining PDP context towards the EGANC. This is independent to 3GPP NAS layers. + +###### **User Plane tunnelling** + +The user plane data is sent to a new interface from EGAN access mode switch to be tunnelled over IP. The tunnel is necessary to identify the flow inside the IPsec. This identification may be done by the tunnelling protocol (e.g. GRE) or by the flow identification at the IP layer. Details are ffs. + +![Figure 34: UMTS-GSM-GPRS-GAN terminal architecture diagram showing three modes: GERAN/UTRAN, GAN, and EGAN. The diagram illustrates the protocol stack and components for each mode, highlighting changes and additions for the Enhanced GAN (EGAN) mode.](3442f31a562d1ef45bfa18b18a6a1ddc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the protocol stack for a UMTS-GSM-GPRS-GAN terminal, showing three operational modes: GERAN/UTRAN mode, GAN mode, and EGAN mode. + +- Top Section:** All modes share a common top section consisting of the **MA-SM (Multi-access SM)** and the **eGAN Access Mode Switch**. Interfaces at the top include **RAB-SAP(xn)**, **SN-SAP(xn)**, **SMREG-SAP**, and **GMMREG-SAP**. +- GERAN/UTRAN mode (Left):** This section is marked as **Unchanged 24.008**. It includes the **RABM**, **SNDPC**, **Session Management**, **CM**, **MM-sublayer**, **GMM**, **Access Stratum sublayer**, and **LLC sublayer**. Interfaces include **RAB-SAP(xn)**, **SN-SAP(xn)**, **SMREG-SAP**, **GMMREG-SAP**, **GMMRR-SAP**, and **GRR-SAP**. +- GAN mode (Middle):** This section is marked as **Unchanged 43.318 44.318**. It includes an **Access Mode (for backward compatibility)** block, **GPRS RLC**, **GA PSR (for backward compatibility)**, **GA-RLC (for backward compatibility)**, **TCP**, **UDP**, **Remote IP**, **IPSec ESP**, **Transport IP**, **Access Layers**, **MAC**, and **GSM Baseband**. Interfaces include **GPRSGAN SAP** and **GANGPRS SAP**. +- EGAN mode (Right):** This section is marked as **Added for Enhanced GAN**. It includes **GA-SM (control)** and **Tunnel (traffic)**. Interfaces include **WSMREG-SAP** and **WRAB-SAP**. + +Figure 34: UMTS-GSM-GPRS-GAN terminal architecture diagram showing three modes: GERAN/UTRAN, GAN, and EGAN. The diagram illustrates the protocol stack and components for each mode, highlighting changes and additions for the Enhanced GAN (EGAN) mode. + +**Figure 34: UMTS-GSM-GPRS-GAN terminal** + +#### 5.1.1.5 EGAN handovers and LA/RA Update signalling + +##### 5.1.1.5.1 Introduction + +This discusses potential issues and impacts on dimensioning for each alternative (Enhanced Up A/Gn, Combined GANC/SGSN, Iu interface) due to LA/RA Update signalling and handovers. + +##### 5.1.1.5.2 GERAN/GAN Scenario + +In the R6/R7 GAN implementations, special care have been taken to avoid an increase of LA/RA Update signalling towards the HLR, as well as inter-MSC handovers. + +In GAN, the user moves frequently between WLAN coverage and GSM/UMTS coverage, and that may lead to an unexpected increase of LA/RA Update and inter-MSC handovers. + +![Diagram of LA Update signalling issue at UE move between WLAN and GERAN](187d05bf7ead21e1394b61320d8b3632_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates a signalling issue when a User Equipment (UE) moves between a WLAN IP Network and a GERAN. On the left, a mobile phone icon represents the UE. Two curved blue arrows labeled 'LA Update' point from the UE to two different network paths. The top path goes through a 'WLAN IP Network' cloud to a yellow 'GANC' box, which is connected to a yellow 'MSC' box. The bottom path goes through a green area representing a GERAN with three cell towers to a light blue 'BSC' box, which is connected to another light blue 'MSC' box. Both 'MSC' boxes have lines connecting them to a green cylindrical 'HLR' database. A blue arrow labeled 'LA Update traffic to HLR' points from the top 'MSC' to the 'HLR'. Another blue arrow points from the bottom 'MSC' to the 'HLR'. + +Diagram of LA Update signalling issue at UE move between WLAN and GERAN + +**Figure 35: LA Update signalling issue at UE move between WLAN and GERAN** + +One of the possible solutions is to connect the GANC to the same MSC and SGSN that control the GSM/UMTS cells of the same geographical area, but this is an expensive way of solving the issues. + +![Diagram of LA Update procedure processed at VMSC; no signalling to HLR at UE WLAN/GERAN move](753e6cc5dcad1a478caa2c7ec3a6c0a3_img.jpg) + +This diagram shows a solution to the signalling issue. The UE on the left sends 'LA Update' signals (indicated by curved blue arrows) to a 'WLAN IP Network' cloud and a GERAN area with cell towers. The 'WLAN IP Network' connects to a yellow 'GANC' box, and the GERAN connects to a light blue 'BSC' box. Both 'GANC' and 'BSC' are connected to a single yellow 'MSC' box. This 'MSC' box is connected to a green cylindrical 'HLR' database. A blue arrow points from the 'MSC' to the 'HLR', but it is labeled 'No signaling to HLR'. + +Diagram of LA Update procedure processed at VMSC; no signalling to HLR at UE WLAN/GERAN move + +**Figure 36: LA Update procedure processed at VMSC; no signalling to HLR at UE WLAN/GERAN move** + +Another solution the use of "logical GANC" concept where several "logical GANC" functions are implemented in a single physical remote node. + +The following figure shows the CS domain. Same can be done for PS domain. + +![Diagram illustrating the Logical GANC concept. A 'Physical GANC node' contains two 'Logical GANC' units. 'Geographical area 1' includes a 'WLAN IP Network' and a 'BSC' connected to 'MSC 1'. A mobile station (UE) within this area sends 'LA Update' signals to the 'Logical GANC', which in turn signals 'MSC 1'. 'Geographical area 2' also contains a 'WLAN IP Network' and a 'BSC' connected to 'MSC 2'. Both 'MSC 1' and 'MSC 2' are connected to a central 'HLR'. A blue curved arrow from the 'HLR' to 'MSC 1' is labeled 'No signaling to HLR', indicating that no signaling is sent to the HLR when the UE moves within the same geographical area.](40a8c30f7ea5ecea4912e040c97c5b9c_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the Logical GANC concept. A 'Physical GANC node' contains two 'Logical GANC' units. 'Geographical area 1' includes a 'WLAN IP Network' and a 'BSC' connected to 'MSC 1'. A mobile station (UE) within this area sends 'LA Update' signals to the 'Logical GANC', which in turn signals 'MSC 1'. 'Geographical area 2' also contains a 'WLAN IP Network' and a 'BSC' connected to 'MSC 2'. Both 'MSC 1' and 'MSC 2' are connected to a central 'HLR'. A blue curved arrow from the 'HLR' to 'MSC 1' is labeled 'No signaling to HLR', indicating that no signaling is sent to the HLR when the UE moves within the same geographical area. + +**Figure 37: Logical GANC concept; no signalling to HLR at UE WLAN-GERAN move within same area** + +##### 5.1.1.5.3 UMTS/GERAN/GAN Scenario + +In R6/R7 GAN, when considering UMTS, CS domain and PS domain must be studied separately: + +- MSC equipments are generally 2G and 3G capable. This allows to avoid an increase of LA Update signalling towards the HLR when the UE moves between 2G, 3G and GAN. It also allows to avoid inter-MSC handovers. +- SGSNs on the field are most of the time either 2G or 3G capable, but not always both 2G-3G capable. GAN and 2G cells in the same area can be controlled by the same SGSN node. This avoids increase of RA Update signalling when the MS moves between 2G and GAN. However, there is still an RA Update procedure each time the UE moves between 3G and GAN. And additional inter-SGSN handovers/cell-reselection if the UE is in a PS session. + +In other words, if the 2G-SGSN and the 3G-SGSN are separated, RA Update signalling towards the HLR can be avoided at 2G-WLAN moves, but it will increase due to 3G-WLAN moves. The increase of signalling will depend on the 3G/2G/WLAN indoor and outdoor coverage overlap. Consequently, the operator will have to take care of possible re-dimension of existing SGSNs. + +##### 5.1.1.5.4 GAN Enhancement alternatives + +The same issue is discussed below for GAN Enhancements alternatives (Enhanced Up A/Gn, Iu-GAN, combined GANC-SGSN), when 2G-SGSN and 3G-SGSN are separate physical nodes. + +###### a) Combined GANC-SGSN + +In the case 3G-SGSN and 2G-SGSN/GANC are separated, the issue is the same as R6 GAN, therefore possible re-dimensioning may be needed to be taken into account in the same manner. + +###### b) GAN Iu interface + +In the case of Iu-ps interface alternative, RA Update signalling towards the HLR can be avoided between 3G and GAN, but it cannot be avoided between 2G and GAN. Same issue for inter-SGSN handovers/cell-reselections. + +In other words, if the 2G-SGSN and the 3G-SGSN are separated, RA Update signalling towards the HLR can be avoided at 3G-WLAN moves, but it will increase due to 2G-WLAN moves. The increase of signalling will depend on the 3G/2G/WLAN indoor and outdoor coverage overlap. Consequently, the operator will have to take care of possible re-dimension of existing SGSNs. + +###### c) Enhanced Up A/Gn + +In the Enhanced Up A/Gn alternative, there is no need for RA concept as stated in subclause 5.1.1.3.1. + +Therefore, there is no RA Update procedure when entering GAN. Moreover, the RA Update procedure when entering GPRS or UMTS only occurs once: there is no RA Update signalling if the UE is moving back to GPRS/UMTS in a cell in the previous RA. + +In addition, as there is no context transfer at PS handovers, and no inter-SGSN signalling. + +Consequently, the dimensioning of already installed SGSNs is not significantly impacted. + +Enhanced Up A/Gn alternative saves RA Update signalling compared to the others solutions. Moreover, Enhanced Up A/Gn alternative does not impact significantly existing SGSN dimensioning whereas the others solutions may force the operator to revise the dimensioning of its already installed SGSNs. + +#### 5.1.1.6 Proxy-Gn Load and Performance + +##### 5.1.1.6.1 Introduction + +In the Enhanced Up A/Gn alternative, every PDP context activation in an E-GAN network has to go through the Proxy-Gn function of an E-GANC, even when the MS is not E-GAN capable. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the Proxy-Gn function of an E-GANC. The diagram shows three entities: SGSN, E-GANC Proxy-Gn, and GGSN. The sequence of messages is: 1. SGSN sends 'create PDP context request' to E-GANC Proxy-Gn. 2. E-GANC Proxy-Gn sends 'create PDP context request' to GGSN. 3. GGSN sends 'create PDP context response' back to E-GANC Proxy-Gn. 4. E-GANC Proxy-Gn sends 'create PDP context response' back to SGSN.](1ca688982d625c3b8a8e382b675de466_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant SGSN + participant E-GANC as E-GANC Proxy-Gn + participant GGSN + Note left of SGSN: PDP Context Activation + SGSN->>E-GANC: create PDP context request + E-GANC->>GGSN: create PDP context request + GGSN-->>E-GANC: create PDP context response + E-GANC-->>SGSN: create PDP context response +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the Proxy-Gn function of an E-GANC. The diagram shows three entities: SGSN, E-GANC Proxy-Gn, and GGSN. The sequence of messages is: 1. SGSN sends 'create PDP context request' to E-GANC Proxy-Gn. 2. E-GANC Proxy-Gn sends 'create PDP context request' to GGSN. 3. GGSN sends 'create PDP context response' back to E-GANC Proxy-Gn. 4. E-GANC Proxy-Gn sends 'create PDP context response' back to SGSN. + +Figure 38: Proxy-Gn function of an E-GANC + +The Proxy-Gn just relays the first message exchange (one uplink, one downlink) PDP context creation request/response in the case of a non E-GAN capable MS. After this first exchange, all further exchanges for this non E-GAN PDP context take place directly between the SGSN and the GGSN as usual in a GPRS network (secondary PDP context activation, deletion, modification / PDP context deletion, modification / user traffic). + +This following sections study the impacts in terms of: + +- Proxy-Gn CPU load. +- Proxy-Gn memory consumption. +- Added signalling delay. + +##### 5.1.1.6.2 Assumptions + +A usual ratio for network dimensioning is : the number of the PDP context activation per hour on the busiest hours is 12% of the number of GPRS subscribers i.e. one subscriber activates one PDP context every 8 hours. + +For one million of GPRS subscribers this makes a rate of 120,000 PDP context activations per hour or 34 PDP context activations per second. + +Moreover, the Proxy-Gn is never used for the RA Update procedures. + +And the number of RA Update requested per subscriber is far more frequent and the number of RA Update procedures is much higher than the number of PDP context activations. This means the additional processing power required for the Proxy-Gn function will have a negligible impact on the dimensioning of the CN nodes. + +##### 5.1.1.6.3 CPU Load + +###### 5.1.1.6.3.1 PDP Context Creation Request + +When a Proxy-Gn receives GTP-C PDP context creation request from the SGSN. It has to: + +- parse the message; +- lookup for the IMSI & APN; +- create a context; +- resolve the APN (DNS); +- format and send a GTP PDP context creation request to the GGSN; +- start a timer. + +This is more or less what the "Gn library" does except that: + +- the Gn library has not to process DNS resolution (speed up); +- the Gn library is handicapped by a semaphore (slow down). + +NOTE: It must be noticed that only few APN exist in the network, and a Proxy-Gn only takes care of a limited number of them. The time to live of the DNS entries (GGSN IP address) should be rather long, and most of the DNS resolutions can be processed locally. + +It is estimated that the average PDP context creation request will take less than 20 $\mu$ s. + +###### 5.1.1.6.3.2 PDP Context Creation Response + +On the PDP context creation response from the GGSN, the Proxy-Gn has to: + +- lookup for the TEID; +- stop a timer; +- forward the response to the SGSN; +- free the context (non E-GAN capable handset). + +This is very similar to what our Gn library does except that: + +- the Gn library is handicapped by a semaphore (slow down). + +It is estimated that the average PDP context creation response will take less than 10 $\mu$ s. + +###### 5.1.1.6.3.3 Conclusion + +A board of the E-GANC that spends 70 % of the time on this process and left only 30 % of the time for other processing is able to process 700 000 $\mu$ s / 30 $\mu$ s = **23 000** PDP context creation request/response per second. In the busiest hours a rate of 34/s should be enough for 1Million GPRS subscribers. + +For high availability reasons, an E-GANC should include at least 2 Proxy-Gn, and a network should probably include more than one E-GANC. The CPU load of the Proxy-Gn induced by the relay of PDP context creation of non E-GAN capable MS is not an issue. + +##### 5.1.1.6.4 Memory Consumption + +The Proxy-Gn should be able to keep a context for every pending request toward the GGSN until it has responded back to the SGSN. From the experience of our "Gn library" we know that a context of 1Kbytes is enough for a request. + +**For 1Million GPRS subscribers, 34 request/s may be issued in the busiest hours. A pool of 8K contexts should be enough to store the pending requests for:** + +- 4 minutes for a 1M GPRS subscriber network; +- 24 seconds for a 10M GPRS subscriber network. + +The Proxy-Gn should reasonably expect the response of the GGSN within less of 24 seconds. + +8 Mbytes of memory per Proxy-Gn should be enough to handle the pending PDP creation requests toward the GGSN. + +The memory consumption of the Proxy-Gn induced by the relay of PDP context creation of non E-GAN capable MS is not an issue. + +##### 5.1.1.6.5 Signalling Delay + +An extra delay is introduced by the Proxy-Gn. This delay is equal to: + +- delay of the request propagation to the Proxy-Gn. +- + delay of the creation processing by the Proxy-Gn. +- + delay of the creation response processing by the Proxy-Gn. +- + delay of the response propagation to the SGSN. + +As seen in the "CPU load" section, the signalling delay of the message processed by the Proxy-Gn should be negligible. The signalling delay is essentially induced by the message transfer in the network. + +On the field with today's R6 GAN equipment, it has been measured an average of 30 ms duration from the time an activate PDP context request is issued by the GANC until the response is received back from the SGSN. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the signalling delay for PDP context activation. The diagram shows three entities: GANC, SGSN, and GGSN. The GANC sends an 'Activate PDP context req' to the SGSN. The SGSN then sends a 'create PDP context req' to the GGSN. The GGSN returns an 'Activate PDP context resp' to the SGSN, which in turn returns an 'Activate PDP context resp' to the GANC. A bracket on the left indicates a total duration of 30ms from the initial request to the final response.](84db9bf6e93779b67aa320d1dfd38d91_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant GANC + participant SGSN + participant GGSN + Note left of GANC: 30ms + GANC->>SGSN: Activate PDP context req + SGSN->>GGSN: create PDP context req + GGSN-->>SGSN: Activate PDP context resp + SGSN-->>GANC: Activate PDP context resp +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the signalling delay for PDP context activation. The diagram shows three entities: GANC, SGSN, and GGSN. The GANC sends an 'Activate PDP context req' to the SGSN. The SGSN then sends a 'create PDP context req' to the GGSN. The GGSN returns an 'Activate PDP context resp' to the SGSN, which in turn returns an 'Activate PDP context resp' to the GANC. A bracket on the left indicates a total duration of 30ms from the initial request to the final response. + +**Figure 39: Signalling delay** + +These 30 ms include: + +- 2 message transfers on Gb over frame relay; + +- 2 message GTP-C transfers over IP; +- a PDP creation processing on the GGSN; +- a PDP activation processing on the SGSN. + +As stated in CPU load subsection, the additional signalling delay induced by the Proxy-Gn when relaying a PDP context creation of non E-GAN capable MS should be less than 30 µs, which is an order of magnitude 100 times lower than the end-to-end signalling delay for a PDP Context Activation. + +The additional signalling delay induced by the Proxy-Gn function is therefore negligible. + +### 5.1.2 Combined GANC/SGSN + +#### 5.1.2.1 Introduction + +The main principles of this solution are the following: + +- The GANC and SGSN nodes are combined into a new node, the Combined GANC/SGSN. +- The Up-interface is kept unmodified. +- As Up-interface is unmodified, the 3GPP TS 24.008 is also clearly unmodified. +- The Combined GANC/SGSN uses the A-interface to connect to the CS domain services in the CN (i.e. the MSC). +- This solution could also be called "Generic Access to the A and Gn-interface" i.e. there are some similarities with the proposal from Alcatel. + +The solution mainly optimizes the PS domain of the GAN in the following way: + +- The Gb-interface is removed and as such there is the potential for the removal of some of the corresponding protocol layers like BSSGP and NS. +- This decreases latency as one node and one interface are removed in the "chain-of-nodes-and-interfaces" handling the PS domain. + +#### 5.1.2.2 Architecture + +The following sections describe the main parts of the Combined GANC/SGSN solution. As the CS domain remains unchanged, the control and user plane architectures are described only for the GAN PS domain. + +The existing architecture is as following (from 3GPP TS 24.008 [4]). + +Error: + +57 + +Error: Reference source not + +![Figure 40: Existing architecture diagram. A Mobile Station (MS) is connected to an Access Network (Generic IP). The Access Network connects to a Generic Access Network Controller (GANC) via an 'Up' interface. The GANC contains a Security Gateway (SEGW). Above the GANC, SMLC and CBC are connected via 'Lb' interfaces. The GANC connects to the HPLMN/VPLMN via 'A' and 'Gb' interfaces. Inside the HPLMN/VPLMN, the GANC connects to an MSC, which connects to an SGSN. The SGSN connects to an AAA Proxy/Server, which connects to an HLR via 'D'/Gr' interfaces. The AAA Proxy/Server also connects to the HPLMN (roaming case) via a 'Wd' interface. Dashed boxes indicate components 'Out of Scope'.](7ed5d5770331f31ade15439a21c31425_img.jpg) + +MS Mobile Station +GANC GAN Controller +SEGW Security Gateway + +----- Out of Scope + +HPLMN (roaming case) + +Figure 40: Existing architecture diagram. A Mobile Station (MS) is connected to an Access Network (Generic IP). The Access Network connects to a Generic Access Network Controller (GANC) via an 'Up' interface. The GANC contains a Security Gateway (SEGW). Above the GANC, SMLC and CBC are connected via 'Lb' interfaces. The GANC connects to the HPLMN/VPLMN via 'A' and 'Gb' interfaces. Inside the HPLMN/VPLMN, the GANC connects to an MSC, which connects to an SGSN. The SGSN connects to an AAA Proxy/Server, which connects to an HLR via 'D'/Gr' interfaces. The AAA Proxy/Server also connects to the HPLMN (roaming case) via a 'Wd' interface. Dashed boxes indicate components 'Out of Scope'. + +Figure 40: Existing architecture + +The new proposed architecture is as following. + +![Figure 41: New proposed architecture diagram. A Mobile Station (MS) is connected to an Access Network (Generic IP). The Access Network connects to a Combined GANC/SGSN via an 'Up' interface. The Combined GANC/SGSN contains a Security Gateway (SEGW). Above the Combined GANC/SGSN, SMLC and CBC are connected via 'Lb' interfaces. The Combined GANC/SGSN connects to the HPLMN/VPLMN via 'A', 'Gn', and 'Wm' interfaces. Inside the HPLMN/VPLMN, the Combined GANC/SGSN connects to an MSC, a GGSN (in HPLMN), and an SGSN. The SGSN connects to an AAA Proxy/Server, which connects to an HLR via 'D'/Gr' interfaces. The AAA Proxy/Server also connects to the HPLMN (roaming case) via a 'Wd' interface. Dashed boxes indicate components 'Out of Scope'.](ef5f5c6665b6ae13660ede412333ba45_img.jpg) + +MS Mobile Station +GANC GAN Controller +SEGW Security Gateway + +----- Out of Scope + +HPLMN (roaming case) + +Figure 41: New proposed architecture diagram. A Mobile Station (MS) is connected to an Access Network (Generic IP). The Access Network connects to a Combined GANC/SGSN via an 'Up' interface. The Combined GANC/SGSN contains a Security Gateway (SEGW). Above the Combined GANC/SGSN, SMLC and CBC are connected via 'Lb' interfaces. The Combined GANC/SGSN connects to the HPLMN/VPLMN via 'A', 'Gn', and 'Wm' interfaces. Inside the HPLMN/VPLMN, the Combined GANC/SGSN connects to an MSC, a GGSN (in HPLMN), and an SGSN. The SGSN connects to an AAA Proxy/Server, which connects to an HLR via 'D'/Gr' interfaces. The AAA Proxy/Server also connects to the HPLMN (roaming case) via a 'Wd' interface. Dashed boxes indicate components 'Out of Scope'. + +Figure 41: New proposed architecture + +The above figure on the new proposed architecture shows only the parts strictly related to EGAN. It is anyhow worth mentioning that without the requirement to specify how the Combined GANC/SGSN node is to be implemented it can naturally also function (i.e. be perceived as) either as i) a 2G-SGSN with Gb-interfaces towards BSS(es) and/or ii) as 3G-SGSN with Iu-PS interfaces towards the RNS(es). This provides for optimized mobility solutions when the MS is moving between (E)GAN and GERAN or between EGAN and UTRAN as there is no need to update the HLR. + +#### 5.1.2.3 Protocol stacks + +##### 5.1.2.3.1 PS Control plane + +The existing PS control plane architecture is as following (from 3GPP TS 24.008 [4]). + +![Figure 42: Existing PS control plane architecture diagram showing protocol stacks across MS, Generic IP Network, GANC, SGSN, and GGSN.](3337af75dfee8af7687b4f49914d6c93_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the existing PS control plane architecture. It shows the protocol stacks for five network entities and the interfaces between them. + +- MS (Mobile Station):** GMM/SM, LLC, GA-PSR, GA-RC, TCP, Remote IP, IPSec ESP, Transport IP, Access Layers. +- Generic IP Network:** Transport IP, Access Layers. +- GANC (GPRS Access Network Controller):** Relay (GA-PSR, GA-RC, TCP, Remote IP, IPSec ESP), BSSGP, Network Service, Transport IP, Access Layers, Physical. +- SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node):** GMM/SM, LLC, BSSGP, Network Service, Physical, GTP-c, UDP, IP, L2, Physical. +- GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node):** GTP-c, UDP, IP, L2, Physical. + +Interfaces are marked as follows: + +- Up Interface:** Between MS and Generic IP Network. +- Gb:** Between GANC and SGSN. +- Gn:** Between SGSN and GGSN. + +Horizontal arrows indicate peer-to-peer communication between corresponding layers across entities. + +Figure 42: Existing PS control plane architecture diagram showing protocol stacks across MS, Generic IP Network, GANC, SGSN, and GGSN. + +Figure 42: Existing PS control plane architecture + +The new proposed architecture is as following. + +![Figure 43: New proposed PS control plane architecture diagram showing simplified protocol stacks across MS, Generic IP Network, GANC/SGSN, and GGSN.](237b76118be454462fc9b4e96adaa6c7_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the proposed new PS control plane architecture. The GANC and SGSN functions are combined. + +- MS (Mobile Station):** GMM/SM, LLC, GA-PSR, GA-RC, TCP, Remote IP, IPSec ESP, Transport IP, Access Layers. +- Generic IP Network:** Transport IP, Access Layers. +- GANC/SGSN:** GMM/SM, LLC, GA-PSR, GA-RC, TCP, Remote IP, IPSec ESP, Transport IP, Access Layers, Physical, GTP-c, UDP, IP, L2. +- GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node):** GTP-c, UDP, IP, L2, Physical. + +Interfaces are marked as follows: + +- Up Interface:** Between MS and Generic IP Network. +- Gn:** Between GANC/SGSN and GGSN. + +Horizontal arrows show direct peer-to-peer communication between MS and GANC/SGSN for layers up to GMM/SM. + +Figure 43: New proposed PS control plane architecture diagram showing simplified protocol stacks across MS, Generic IP Network, GANC/SGSN, and GGSN. + +Figure 43: New proposed PS control plane architecture + +##### 5.1.2.3.2 PS User plane + +The existing PS user plane architecture is as following (from 3GPP TS 24.008 [4]). + +![Figure 44: Existing PS user plane architecture diagram showing protocol layers across MS, Generic IP Network, GANC, SGSN, and GGSN with interfaces Up, Gb, and Gn.](28085f681b9fff76a53c5b8b32338ee1_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the existing PS user plane architecture. It shows the flow of data through various protocol layers across five entities: MS (Mobile Station), Generic IP Network, GANC (GAN Controller), SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node), and GGSN (PDGNSN). The interfaces are labeled Up (between MS and Generic IP Network), Gb (between GANC and SGSN), and Gn (between SGSN and GGSN). The protocol layers from top to bottom are: IP, SNDPCP, LLC, GA-PSR, UDP, Remote IP, IPSec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. In the Generic IP Network, there is a 'Relay' block containing GA-PSR, BSSGP, UDP, Remote IP, IPSec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. The SGSN contains a 'Network Service' block. The GGSN contains a 'Physical' layer. The diagram shows the mapping of these layers across the interfaces, with some layers being encapsulated or decapsulated at the boundaries. + +Figure 44: Existing PS user plane architecture diagram showing protocol layers across MS, Generic IP Network, GANC, SGSN, and GGSN with interfaces Up, Gb, and Gn. + +Figure 44: Existing PS user plane architecture + +The new proposed architecture is as following. + +![Figure 45: New proposed PS user plane architecture diagram showing protocol layers across MS, Generic IP Network, GANC/SGSN, and GGSN with interfaces Up and Gn.](91b12db3c85bbf466ad27eb3665a1b06_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the new proposed PS user plane architecture. It shows the flow of data through various protocol layers across four entities: MS (Mobile Station), Generic IP Network, GANC/SGSN (Combined GANC and SGSN), and GGSN (PDGNSN). The interfaces are labeled Up (between MS and Generic IP Network) and Gn (between GANC/SGSN and GGSN). The protocol layers from top to bottom are: IP, SNDPCP, LLC, GA-PSR, UDP, Remote IP, IPSec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. In the Generic IP Network, there is a 'Relay' block containing Transport IP and Access Layers. The GANC/SGSN contains a 'Network Service' block. The GGSN contains a 'Physical' layer. The diagram shows the mapping of these layers across the interfaces, with some layers being encapsulated or decapsulated at the boundaries. The main difference from the existing architecture is the combination of GANC and SGSN into a single entity. + +Figure 45: New proposed PS user plane architecture diagram showing protocol layers across MS, Generic IP Network, GANC/SGSN, and GGSN with interfaces Up and Gn. + +Figure 45: New proposed PS user plane architecture + +#### 5.1.2.4 Affected procedures + +The Combined GANC/SGSN solution (re)uses the existing mobility mechanisms, CS and PS handover between GAN and GERAN and GAN and UTRAN. The PS handover feature is considered as existing within the Release-7 timeframe. + +#### 5.1.2.5 Terminal architecture and impacts + +The Combined GANC/SGSN solution does not affect the terminal functionality in any way and existing terminals can be used with the Combined GANC/SGSN. The main difference towards legacy GAN (networks) is improved performance in the PS domain within the network achieved by reducing the network node and interface count and the corresponding set of network protocol layers required within a Combined GANC/SGSN. + +#### 5.1.2.6 Optimization for LLC and SNDPCP Layers + +Optimizations of the configurations used for the LLC and SNDPCP protocol layers can be made using existing configuration procedures for an MS operating in GAN mode as per the Combined GANC/SGSN solution. The optimizations consist of simply configuring LLC and SNDPCP to disable ciphering (LLC) and disabling compression + +(SNDCP). Existing XID signalling procedures, GMM Authentication and ciphering procedures and PS Handover procedures can be used unchanged to ensure apply these optimizations are used for an MS operating in GAN mode. For combined GANC/SGSN solution the GANC and SGSN nodes are combined into one node and as such the GANC part of the Combined GANC/SGSN can inform the SGSN part using node internal signalling (i.e. implementation specific) about GAN access being used in any given cell and thereby allow the SGSN to know when to apply these optimizations. + +The GMM Authentication and ciphering procedure is defined in 3GPP TS 24.008 [4] and can be used to authenticate the MS and set the "GPRS" ciphering mode (ciphering/no ciphering) and "GPRS" ciphering algorithm. It is performed by the network sending a (GMM) AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING REQUEST message to the MS and the MS responding with a (GMM) AUTHENTICATION AND CIPHERING RESPONSE message. Whenever the MS is attached to GPRS it must be prepared to perform this procedure. + +The LLC layer enhancement described here is therefore to use the GMM Authentication and ciphering procedure to set the ciphering mode to "no ciphering" while the MS is using GAN access or when the MS enters GAN access at rove-in. When the MS leaves GAN access the opposite activation applies i.e. the ciphering mode can be set to "ciphering" if this is used for access in the new cell (e.g. rove-out to a GERAN cell). + +The SNDCP and LLC XID (re)negotiation procedures are defined in 3GPP TS 44.064 [24] and 3GPP TS 44.065 [25]. A specific set of operational parameters can be negotiated whenever an SNDCP- or LLC-layer connection is being established. In addition, either the MS or network side may trigger renegotiation of the operational parameters. The negotiation is normally performed by the SGSN sending an XID COMMAND message to the MS. This message is transmitted between the LLC protocol entities and is used to negotiate both LLC and SNDCP layer operational parameters. The SNDCP parameters are normally negotiated e.g. whenever a PDP context is activated or modified. + +The SNDCP layer enhancement proposed here is therefore to use the XID negotiation procedures to at least turn off the compression function of the SNDCP layer while the MS is using GAN access with active PDP contexts (or when the MS enters GAN access with active PDP contexts). When the MS leaves GAN access the opposite activation applies i.e. the compression can be activated again if this is used for access in the new cell. + +Both of the above enhancements can be triggered (at least) in the following scenarios: + +- GPRS attach in GAN access. +- PDP Context activation or modification in GAN Access. +- When the MS moves from GERAN/UTRAN to GAN and is already GPRS attached and performs Routing Area Update or Cell Update. +- When the MS moves from GERAN/UTRAN to GAN with active PDP contexts. +- When the MS moves from GAN to GERAN/UTRAN and is already GPRS attached and performs Routing Area Update or Cell Update. +- When the MS moves from GAN to GERAN/UTRAN with active PDP contexts. + +The above enhancements apply also for PS Handover (as defined in 3GPP TS 43.129). The (new) SGSN will find out the target cell RAI and CGI and is able to identify the target cell being GAN access based and may therefore either deactivate ciphering in the target cell (when performing PS HO from GERAN/UTRAN to GAN) or assign a GSM ciphering algorithm to be used in the target cell (when performing PS HO from GAN to GERAN). In addition, the SNDCP XID parameters can be also passed between the MS and target SGSN to activate or deactivate compression for the same scenarios. + +It should be noted that the existing PS Handover procedure allows the "NAS Container for PS HO" IE passed in the PS Handover Command to have "old XID" = 0 which results in default SNDPCP configuration (i.e. no compression) and "Type of ciphering algorithm" = 000 which explicitly indicates that no ciphering is to be used in the new cell. As such, the existing PS Handover procedure allows for disabling LLC ciphering and SNDPCP compression upon MS reception and processing of the PS Handover Command. If this is done then there would be no need for the SGSN to trigger an additional XID negotiation procedure (for each active PDP Context) at some point after MS arrival in the GAN cell. For PS Handover from GAN to GERAN the "Type of ciphering algorithm" will be set to indicate some type of ciphering algorithm is to be used in the new cell until further XID negotiation is triggered by the SGSN. + +## 5.2 GAN Iu Mode + +Generic Access to the Iu interface ("Iu mode GAN") is an extension of UMTS mobile services that is achieved by tunnelling Non Access Stratum (NAS) protocols between the user equipment (MS) and the Core Network over an IP network. Iu-mode GAN is a complement to traditional GSM/GPRS/UMTS radio access network coverage. + +### 5.2.1 Functional Architecture + +The Iu-mode Generic Access Network functional architecture is illustrated in figure 46. + +![Figure 46: Iu-mode GAN functional architecture diagram](077f85b82901283b4657fd2b45fc0294_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional architecture for Iu-mode GAN. On the left, a solid box labeled 'MS' (Mobile Station) is connected via a double-headed arrow to a dashed box labeled 'Generic IP Access Network'. This network is connected via a double-headed arrow to a large solid box labeled 'GANC' (Generic Access Network Controller). Inside the 'GANC' box, at the bottom, is a solid box labeled 'SEG W' (Security Gateway). From the top of the 'GANC' box, three dashed boxes extend to the right, each connected by a double-headed arrow: 'MSC' (Mobile Switching Center), 'SGSN' (Serving GPRS Support Node), and 'AAA Proxy/Server'. The 'AAA Proxy/Server' is further connected via a double-headed arrow to a dashed box labeled 'HLR' (Home Location Register). + +Figure 46: Iu-mode GAN functional architecture diagram + +**Figure 46: Iu-mode GAN functional architecture** + +Note that the GANC function supporting A/Gb interfaces to the Core Network is required somewhere in the operator's network for backwards compatibility with A/Gb-mode-only GAN terminals. + +A GANC implementation may simultaneously support both A/Gb mode and Iu mode GAN operation; the interfaces associated with both modes of operation are shown in the following figure. + +![Figure 47: Iu-mode GAN functional architecture with A/Gb interfaces. The diagram shows a Mobile Station (MS) connected to a Generic IP Access Network, which is connected to a Generic Access Network Controller (GANC). The GANC contains a Security Gateway (SEGW). The GANC is connected to a Mobile Switching Center (MSC) and a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN). The SEGW is connected to an AAA Proxy/Server, which is connected to a Home Location Register (HLR).](56a5265d174ce056c1dbe5e7a60839fc_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + MS[MS] <--> GIAN[Generic IP Access Network] + GIAN <--> GANC[GANC] + subgraph GANC + SEGW[SEGW] + end + GANC <--> MSC[MSC] + GANC <--> SGSN[SGSN] + SEGW <--> AAA[AAA Proxy/Server] + AAA <--> HLR[HLR] + +``` + +Figure 47: Iu-mode GAN functional architecture with A/Gb interfaces. The diagram shows a Mobile Station (MS) connected to a Generic IP Access Network, which is connected to a Generic Access Network Controller (GANC). The GANC contains a Security Gateway (SEGW). The GANC is connected to a Mobile Switching Center (MSC) and a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN). The SEGW is connected to an AAA Proxy/Server, which is connected to a Home Location Register (HLR). + +**Figure 47: Iu-mode GAN functional architecture with A/Gb interfaces** + +The main features of the Iu mode GAN architecture are: + +- Entities with enhanced functionality: + - Mobile Station (MS). The functionality of the MS defined in [2] is modified to support Iu mode GAN operation. The MS may support Iu mode GAN operation, A/Gb mode GAN operation, or both. Mode selection is performed during registration (see "GAN Registration related procedures"). + - Generic Access Network Controller (GANC). The functionality of the GANC defined in [2] is expanded so as to appear to the core network as a UTRAN Radio Network Controller (RNC). As in [2], the GANC includes a Security Gateway (SEGW) that terminates secure remote access tunnels from the MS, providing mutual authentication, encryption and data integrity for signalling, voice and data traffic. +- A generic IP access network provides connectivity between the MS and the GANC. The IP transport connection extends from the GANC to the MS. A single interface, the Up interface, is defined between the GANC and the MS. Functionality is added to this interface, over that defined in [2], to support the Iu-mode GAN service. +- Co-existence with the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) and interconnection with the Core Network (CN) via the standardized interfaces defined for UTRAN: + - Iu-cs interface for circuit switched services as overviewed in 3GPP TS 25.410 [12]. + - Iu-ps interface for packet switched services as overviewed in 3GPP TS 25.410 [12]. + - Iu-pc interface for supporting location services as described in 3GPP TS 25.450 [13]. + - Iu-bc interface for supporting cell broadcast services as described in 3GPP TS 25.419 [14]. +- Transaction control (e.g. CC, SM) and user services are provided by the core network (e.g. MSC/VLR and the SGSN/GGSN). +- Use of AAA server over the Wm interface as defined by 3GPP TS 29.234 [15]. The AAA server is used to authenticate the MS when it sets up a secure tunnel. Note that only a subset of the Wm functionalities is required for the EGA application. As a minimum the GANC-SEGW shall support the Wm authentication procedures. +- With respect to Figure X1, the GANC function supporting A/Gb interfaces to the Core Network is required somewhere in the operator's network for backwards compatibility with A/Gb-mode-only GAN terminals. + +- The Iur interface is not supported. This means that radio handover and SRNC relocation happens simultaneously. + +### 5.2.2 Functional entities + +#### 5.2.2.1 Mobile Station (MS) + +The MS contains a functional block to access the Iu-mode Generic Access Network (GAN). + +#### 5.2.2.2 Generic Access Network Controller (GANC) + +The core network interacts with the Generic Access Network Controller (GANC) as though it was an RNC. The generic IP access network provides connectivity between the GANC and the MS. The GANC entity inter-works between the Iu interfaces and a generic IP access network, using the following functionality: + +- Control plane functionality: + - Security Gateway (SEGW) for the set-up of a secure tunnel to the MS for mutual authentication, encryption and data integrity. + - GAN Discovery support and Default GANC assignment (based on a backward compatible extension of the procedures defined in 3GPP TS 43.318 [2]). + - GAN Registration support including provision of GAN system information to the MS and possible redirection to a different Serving GANC (based on a backward compatible extension of the procedures defined in 3GPP TS 43.318 [2]). + - Management of GAN bearer paths for CS and PS services, including the establishment, administration, and release of control and user plane bearers between the MS and the GANC. + - Functionality providing support for paging and handover procedures. + - Transparent transfer of L3 messages (i.e. NAS protocols) between the MS and core network. +- User plane functionality: + - SEGW Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) processing of Up interface packets. + - The interworking of circuit switched user data between the Up interface and the Iu-cs interface. + - The interworking of packet switched user data between the Up interface and the Iu-ps interface. + +### 5.2.3 Control and User Plane Architecture + +The Iu interface standards include support for both ATM and IP-based signalling and user data transport mechanisms. These protocol options for signalling and user data transport are described in 3GPP TS 25.412 [16] and 3GPP TS 25.414 [17], respectively. Note that use of IP-based Iu enables an "All IP" GAN solution. + +#### 5.2.3.1 Circuit Switched (CS) Domain + +##### 5.2.3.1.1 CS Domain - Control Plane + +The GAN architecture in support of the CS Domain control plane is illustrated in figure 48. + +![Figure 48: CS Domain Control Plane Architecture diagram showing the protocol stack and signaling flow between a Mobile Station (MS) and a GANC.](cc542843836eecb036b99cb270b54a1e_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the CS Domain Control Plane Architecture. It shows two main entities: a Mobile Station (MS) on the left and a GANC (GAN Controller) on the right, connected via a series of protocol layers. The MS stack consists of CC/SS/SM, MM, GA-RRC, and GA-RC. The GANC stack consists of CC/SS/SM, MM, and RANAP. The GA-RRC layer in the MS is connected to a GA-RRC layer in the GANC, which is then connected to the RANAP layer. The GA-RC layer in the MS is connected to a GA-RC layer in the GANC. Below these, the MS stack includes Remote IP, IPsec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. The GANC stack includes Remote IP, IPsec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. The Transport IP layer in the MS is connected to a Transport IP layer in the GANC, which is then connected to the IPsec ESP layer. The IPsec ESP layer in the MS is connected to a Remote IP layer in the GANC. The Remote IP layer in the MS is connected to a Remote IP layer in the GANC. The Access Layers in the MS are connected to the Transport IP layer in the GANC. The diagram also shows the flow of signaling messages between the MS and the GANC, with arrows indicating the direction of data flow. + +Figure 48: CS Domain Control Plane Architecture diagram showing the protocol stack and signaling flow between a Mobile Station (MS) and a GANC. + +**Figure 48: CS Domain Control Plane Architecture** + +The main features of the GAN CS domain control plane architecture are as follows: + +- The underlying Access Layers and Transport IP layer provides the generic connectivity between the MS and the GANC. +- The IPsec layer provides encryption and data integrity between the MS and GANC. +- The Remote IP layer is the 'inner' IP layer for IPsec tunnel mode and is used by the MS to be addressed by the GANC. The Remote IP layer is configured during the IPsec connection establishment. +- A single TCP connection is used to provide reliable transport for both the GA-RC and GA-CSR signalling between the MS and GANC. The TCP connection is managed by GA-RC and is transported using the Remote IP layer. +- NAS protocols, such as MM and above, are carried transparently between the MS and MSC. +- The Generic Access Resource Control (GA-RC) protocol manages the Up session, including the GAN discovery and registration procedures. The GA-RC protocol described in [2] is extended to include support for the selection of either A/Gb mode or Iu mode GAN (see "GAN Registration related procedures"). +- The Generic Access Radio Resource Control (GA-RRC) protocol performs functionality equivalent to the UTRAN RRC protocol, using the underlying Up session managed by the GA-RC. Note that GA-RRC includes both CS service and PS service-related signalling messages. +- The GANC terminates the GA-RRC protocol and inter-works it to the RANAP protocol over the Iu-cs interface. +- The Iu-cs signalling transport layer options (both ATM and IP-based) are defined in 3GPP TS 25.412 [16]. + +##### 5.2.3.1.2 CS Domain - User Plane + +The GAN protocol architecture in support of the CS domain user plane is illustrated figure 49. + +![Figure 49: CS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture diagram showing data flow between CS User Data, Remote IP, IPsec ESP, Transport IP, Access Layers, and Iu UP.](742a5484e7dd016256ab99921bbd635d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the CS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture. It shows the flow of data from the CS User Data on the left, through various protocol layers, to the Iu UP on the right. The layers on the left are Remote IP, IPsec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. The layers on the right are IPsec ESP, Transport IP, and Access Layers. A central box contains Transport IP and Access Layers. Arrows indicate the bidirectional flow of data between the CS User Data and the Remote IP, between the Remote IP and the central box, and between the central box and the Iu UP. A dashed vertical line separates the left and right sides of the diagram. + +Figure 49: CS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture diagram showing data flow between CS User Data, Remote IP, IPsec ESP, Transport IP, Access Layers, and Iu UP. + +**Figure 49: CS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture** + +The main features of the GAN CS domain user plane architecture are as follows: + +- The underlying Access Layers and Transport IP layer provides the generic connectivity between the MS and the GANC. +- The IPsec layer provides encryption and data integrity. +- The CS user plane data transport over the Up interface does not change from that described in 3GPP TS 43.318 [2]. +- The GANC provides interworking between RTP/UDP and the circuit switched bearers over the Iu-cs interface. +- The GANC supports the Iu User Plane (Iu UP) protocol. Each Iu UP protocol instance may operate in either transparent or support modes, as described in 3GPP TS 25.415 [18]; the mode choice is indicated to the GANC by the MSC using RANAP. +- Support for the AMR FR codec, as specified in 3GPP TS 26.071 [19], is mandatory when operating in GAN mode, with support for other codecs being optional. +- The Iu-cs data transport layers (both ATM and IP-based) and associated transport network control options are defined in 3GPP TS 25.414 [17]. + +#### 5.2.3.2 Packet Switched (PS) Domain + +##### 5.2.3.2.1 PS Domain - Control Plane + +The GAN architecture in support of the PS Domain Control Plane is illustrated in figure 50. + +![Figure 50: PS Domain Control Plane Architecture diagram showing the protocol stack and signaling flow between a Mobile Station (MS) and a GANC.](677bcb564410628b8b966ad87b394888_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the PS Domain Control Plane Architecture. It shows the protocol stacks and signaling paths between a Mobile Station (MS) on the left and a GANC (Generic Access Network Controller) on the right, with a Remote IP component in the middle. + +- MS Stack (Left):** From top to bottom: GMM/SM/SMS, GA-RRC (dashed line), GA-RC. +- GANC Stack (Right):** From top to bottom: GMM/SM/SMS, RANAP. +- Remote IP Stack (Middle):** From top to bottom: Remote IP, IPsec ESP, Transport IP, Access Layers. +- Signaling Flow:** + - GA-RC (MS) ↔ Remote IP (MS side) ↔ Transport IP (GANC side) ↔ GA-RRC (GANC). + - GA-RRC (MS) ↔ Remote IP (MS side) ↔ IPsec ESP (GANC side) ↔ RANAP (GANC). + - GMM/SM/SMS (MS) ↔ Remote IP (MS side) ↔ Transport IP (GANC side) ↔ RANAP (GANC) ↔ GMM/SM/SMS (GANC). + +Figure 50: PS Domain Control Plane Architecture diagram showing the protocol stack and signaling flow between a Mobile Station (MS) and a GANC. + +**Figure 50: PS Domain Control Plane Architecture** + +The main features of the GAN PS domain control plane architecture are as follows: + +- The underlying Access Layers and Transport IP layer provides the generic connectivity between the MS and the GANC. +- The IPsec layer provides encryption and data integrity. +- TCP provides reliable transport for the GA-RRC between MS and GANC. +- The GA-RC manages the IP connection, including the GAN registration procedures. +- The Generic Access Radio Resource Control (GA-RRC) protocol performs functionality equivalent to the UTRAN RRC protocol, using the underlying Up session managed by the GA-RC. Note that GA-RRC includes both CS service and PS service-related signalling messages. +- The GANC terminates the GA-RRC protocol and inter-works it to the RANAP protocol over the Iu-ps interface. +- NAS protocols, such as for GMM, SM and SMS, are carried transparently between the MS and SGSN. +- The Iu-ps signalling transport layer options (both ATM and IP-based) are defined in 3GPP TS 25.412 [16]. + +##### 5.2.3.2.2 PS Domain - User Plane + +The GAN architecture for the PS Domain User Plane is illustrated in figure 51. + +![Figure 51: PS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture diagram showing the protocol stack across MS, GANC, and SGSN components.](a47713c2491e6ce619259ed2f196fd24_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the PS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture across three main entities: MS (Mobile Station), GANC (GAN Controller), and SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node), connected via a Generic IP Network. + +- MS (Mobile Station) Stack:** From top to bottom: PS User Data, GA-RRC, UDP, Remote IP, IPsec ESP, Transport IP, Access Layers. +- Generic IP Network:** Contains Transport IP and Access Layers. +- GANC (GAN Controller) Stack:** From top to bottom: GA-RRC, UDP, Remote IP, IPsec ESP, Transport IP, Access Layers. Below these is a block labeled "Data Transport Lower Layers (TS 25.414)". +- SGSN Stack:** From top to bottom: GTP-U, UDP, IP, Data Transport Lower Layers (TS 25.414). + +**Interfaces:** + +- Up:** The interface between the MS and the GANC. +- Iu-ps:** The interface between the GANC and the SGSN. + +**Data Flow:** PS User Data is transmitted from the MS, encapsulated in GA-RRC, UDP, Remote IP, and IPsec ESP. It then passes through the Transport IP layer in the MS, then through the Generic IP Network (Transport IP and Access Layers), then through the GANC's Transport IP and Access Layers. The data is then processed by the Data Transport Lower Layers in the GANC and finally transmitted to the SGSN via the Iu-ps interface using GTP-U, UDP, and IP. + +Figure 51: PS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture diagram showing the protocol stack across MS, GANC, and SGSN components. + +**Figure 51: PS Domain User Plane Protocol Architecture** + +The main features of the GAN PS domain user plane architecture are as follows: + +- The underlying Access Layers and Transport IP layer provides the generic connectivity between the MS and the GANC. +- The IPsec layer provides encryption and data integrity. +- The GA-RRC protocol operates between the MS to the GANC transporting the upper layer payload (i.e. user plane data) across the Up interface. +- PS user data is carried transparently between the MS and CN. +- The GANC terminates the GA-RRC protocol and inter-works it to the Iu-ps interface using GTP-U. + +#### 5.2.3.3 GA-RC (Generic Access Resource Control) + +##### 5.2.3.3.1 General + +The GA-RC protocol provides a resource management layer, with the following functions: + +- Discovery and registration with GANC; +- Registration update with GANC; +- Application level keep-alive with GANC; and +- Support for identification of the AP being used for GAN access. + +##### 5.2.3.3.2 States of the GA-RC sub-layer + +The GA-RC sub-layer in the MS can be in one of two states (see figure 52): GA-RC-DEREGISTERED or GA-RC-REGISTERED. The following figure summarizes the state transitions for generic access in the MS, including both A/Gb mode and Iu mode. + +![State diagram for Generic Access in the MS. The diagram shows two main modes: UTRAN/GERAN Mode and GAN Mode (A/Gb and Iu). In UTRAN/GERAN Mode, the GA-RC sub-layer has two states: GA-RC DEREGISTERED and GA-RC REGISTERED. Transitions between these states are triggered by Successful Registration, Autonomous transition, Deregistration or Loss of IPsec connection, Switch of serving RR to GAN, or Switch of serving RR to GSM-RR or Handover to GERAN/UTRAN mode. In GAN Mode (A/Gb), the GA-RC sub-layer is in the GA-RC REGISTERED state, which further branches into GA-CSR (Idle and Dedicated) and GA-PSR (Standby and Active) states. In GAN Mode (Iu), the GA-RC sub-layer is in the GA-RC REGISTERED state, which further branches into GA-RRC (Idle and Connected) states.](bfca6639dd4b8480f2d96d2b61c806d9_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> UTRAN_GERAN_Mode + state "UTRAN / GERAN Mode" as UTRAN_GERAN_Mode + UTRAN_GERAN_Mode --> GA_RC_DEREGISTERED + UTRAN_GERAN_Mode --> GA_RC_REGISTERED + GA_RC_DEREGISTERED --> GA_RC_REGISTERED : Successful Registration + GA_RC_REGISTERED --> GA_RC_DEREGISTERED : Autonomous transition, Deregistration or Loss of IPsec connection + GA_RC_REGISTERED --> UTRAN_GERAN_Mode : Switch of serving RR to GSM-RR or Handover to GERAN/UTRAN mode + GA_RC_REGISTERED --> GAN_Mode_A_Gb + GA_RC_REGISTERED --> GAN_Mode_Iu + GA_RC_DEREGISTERED --> GAN_Mode_A_Gb : Switch of serving RR to GAN + GA_RC_DEREGISTERED --> GAN_Mode_Iu : Switch serving RR to Iu-mode GAN + GA_RC_DEREGISTERED --> UTRAN_GERAN_Mode : Autonomous transition, Deregistration or Loss of IPsec connection + + state "A / Gb Mode GAN (GA-RC REGISTERED)" as GAN_Mode_A_Gb + GAN_Mode_A_Gb --> GA_CSR + GAN_Mode_A_Gb --> GA_PSR + GA_CSR --> GA_CSR_IDLE + GA_CSR_IDLE --> GA_CSR : GA-CSR Connection Establishment + GA_CSR --> GA_CSR_DEDICATED + GA_CSR_DEDICATED --> GA_CSR_IDLE : GA-CSR Connection Release + GA_PSR --> GA_PSR_STANDBY + GA_PSR_STANDBY --> GA_PSR : GA-PSR Transport Channel De-Activation + GA_PSR --> GA_PSR_ACTIVE + GA_PSR_ACTIVE --> GA_PSR_STANDBY : GA-PSR Transport Channel Activation + GA_PSR_ACTIVE --> GA_PSR : LLC-PDU is sent or received. GA-PSR Channel timer is reset. + + state "Iu Mode GAN (GA-RC REGISTERED)" as GAN_Mode_Iu + GAN_Mode_Iu --> GA_RRC + GA_RRC --> GA_RRC_IDLE + GA_RRC_IDLE --> GA_RRC : GA-RRC Connection Establishment + GA_RRC --> GA_RRC_CONNECTED + GA_RRC_CONNECTED --> GA_RRC_IDLE : GA-RRC Connection Release + +``` + +State diagram for Generic Access in the MS. The diagram shows two main modes: UTRAN/GERAN Mode and GAN Mode (A/Gb and Iu). In UTRAN/GERAN Mode, the GA-RC sub-layer has two states: GA-RC DEREGISTERED and GA-RC REGISTERED. Transitions between these states are triggered by Successful Registration, Autonomous transition, Deregistration or Loss of IPsec connection, Switch of serving RR to GAN, or Switch of serving RR to GSM-RR or Handover to GERAN/UTRAN mode. In GAN Mode (A/Gb), the GA-RC sub-layer is in the GA-RC REGISTERED state, which further branches into GA-CSR (Idle and Dedicated) and GA-PSR (Standby and Active) states. In GAN Mode (Iu), the GA-RC sub-layer is in the GA-RC REGISTERED state, which further branches into GA-RRC (Idle and Connected) states. + +**Figure 52: State diagram for Generic Access in the MS** + +NOTE: The following outcomes are possible when switching the serving RR to Iu-mode GAN: + +- Transition to GA-RRC-IDLE (i.e. idle mode transition); +- Transition to GA-RRC-CONNECTED (i.e. due to CS or PS handover/relocation). + +In the GA-RC-DEREGISTERED state, the MS may be in a GAN coverage area; however, the MS has not registered successfully with the GANC. The MS may initiate the GAN Registration procedure when in the GA-RC-DEREGISTERED state. The MS returns to GA-RC-DEREGISTERED state on loss of TCP or IPsec connection or on execution of the GAN De-registration procedure. + +In the GA-RC-REGISTERED state, the MS is registered with the Serving GANC. The MS has an IPsec tunnel and an TCP connection established to the Serving GANC through which the MS may exchange GA-RC or GA-RRC signalling messages with the GANC. + +While the MS remains in the GA-RC-REGISTERED state it performs application level keep-alive with the GANC. + +In the GA-RC-REGISTERED state, the MS may be in either UTRAN/GERAN mode or GAN mode: + +- It may be camped on GERAN or UTRAN and idle. +- It may be active in GERAN or UTRAN (e.g. a GSM RR or a UTRAN RRC connection may be established). +- It may have "roved in" to GAN mode. +- It may have recently "roved out" of GAN mode (e.g. due to handover from GAN). + +#### 5.2.3.4 GA-RRC (Generic Access Radio Resource Control) + +##### 5.2.3.4.1 General + +The GA-RRC protocol provides a resource management layer which is a replacement for UTRAN-RRC and supports the following functions: + +- setup of transport channels for CS and PS traffic between the MS and GANC; +- CS and PS handover support between UTRAN/GERAN and GAN; +- direct transfer of NAS messages between the MS and the core network; and +- other functions such as CS and PS paging and security configuration. + +##### 5.2.3.4.2 States of the GA-RRC sub-layer + +The GA-RRC sub-layer in the MS can be in two states, GA-RRC-IDLE or GA-RRC-CONNECTED as illustrated in figure X6. + +The MS enters the GA-RRC-IDLE state when the MS switches the serving RR entity to GA-RRC and the SAP between the NAS and the GA-RRC is activated. This switch may occur only when the GA-RC is in the GA-RC-REGISTERED state. + +The MS moves from the GA-RRC-IDLE state to the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state when the GA-RRC connection is established and returns to GA-RRC-IDLE state when the GA-RRC connection is released. Upon GA-RRC connection release, an indication that no dedicated resources exist is passed to the upper layers. + +The MS may also enter the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state while in the GA-RC-REGISTERED state in GERAN/UTRAN mode when Handover/Relocation to GAN is being performed. In the same way, the MS enters the GA-RC-REGISTERED state in GERAN/UTRAN mode from the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state when Handover/Relocation from GAN is successfully executed. + +The GA-RRC Packet Transport Channel (GA-RRC PTC) provides the association between the MS and GANC for the transport of GPRS user data over the Up interface (see subclause 5.2.5.17). + +### 5.2.4 Security Mechanisms + +Iu mode GAN supports security mechanisms at different levels and interfaces as depicted in figure 53. + +![Diagram of Iu mode GAN Security Mechanisms showing three security layers: 1. Up Interface Security between UE and GANC, 2. Network Access Security between UE and Core Network, and 3. Data Application Security (e.g., HTTPS) between UE and Application Server. The diagram shows the flow of traffic from UE through Generic IP Network, GANC, Core Network, and IP Network to the Application Server. Security mechanisms are indicated by dashed arrows: 1. Up Interface Security (UE to GANC), 2. Network Access Security (UE to Core Network), and 3. Data Application Security (UE to Application Server).](29a9cd1cb2a960eb91dbf79aab5d8668_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + UE[UE] --- GIPN((Generic IP Network)) + GIPN --- GANC[GANC] + GANC -- "Iu-cs/Iu-ps Interfaces" --- CN[Core Network] + CN --- IPN((IP Network)) + IPN --- AS[Application Server] + UE -.->|1. Up Interface Security| GANC + UE -.->|2. Network Access Security| CN + UE -.->|3. Data Application Security (e.g., HTTPS)| AS + +``` + +Diagram of Iu mode GAN Security Mechanisms showing three security layers: 1. Up Interface Security between UE and GANC, 2. Network Access Security between UE and Core Network, and 3. Data Application Security (e.g., HTTPS) between UE and Application Server. The diagram shows the flow of traffic from UE through Generic IP Network, GANC, Core Network, and IP Network to the Application Server. Security mechanisms are indicated by dashed arrows: 1. Up Interface Security (UE to GANC), 2. Network Access Security (UE to Core Network), and 3. Data Application Security (UE to Application Server). + +**Figure 53: Iu mode GAN Security Mechanisms** + +1. The security mechanisms over the Up interface protect control plane and user plane traffic flows between the MS and the GANC from unauthorized use, data manipulation and eavesdropping; i.e. authentication, encryption and data integrity mechanisms are supported. +2. Network access security includes the mechanisms defined in 3GPP TS 33.102 [20]. Mutual authentication of the subscriber and the Core Network (CN) occurs between the MSC/VLR or SGSN and the MS and is transparent to the GANC. However, there is a cryptographic binding between the MS-CN authentication and the MS-GANC authentication to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks (see subclauses 5.2.5.8 and 5.2.5.15). +3. Additional application level security mechanisms may be employed in the PS domain to secure the end-to-end communication between the MS and the application server. For example, the MS may run the HTTP protocol over an SSL session for secure web access. These mechanisms are out of scope of the present document. + +All control plane and user plane traffic sent between the MS and the GANC over the Up interface is protected by an IPsec tunnel between the MS and GANC-SEGW, that provides mutual authentication (using USIM credentials), encryption and data integrity using the same mechanisms as specified in 3GPP TS 33.234 [21]. + +### 5.2.5 High Level Procedures + +#### 5.2.5.1 Mode Selection in Multi-mode terminals + +This subclause proposes no change from the corresponding A/Gb mode GAN functionality. + +This subclause may be replaced with the above statement (or similar) or with a reference to the appropriate section in 3GPP TS 43.318 [2]. + +A Generic Access capable MS may support any IP access technology in addition to the UTRAN and possibly GERAN radio interfaces. The MS may be either in the GERAN/UTRAN mode or in GAN mode of operation. + +The MS can be configured to operate in one of the two modes (i.e. GERAN/UTRAN or GAN) at any given time. There may be a preferred mode of operation that can be configured by the user, or by the operator through various mechanisms, e.g. device management. + +On power up, the MS always starts in GERAN/UTRAN mode and executes the normal power-up sequence as specified in 3GPP TS 23.122 [22]. Following this, the MS may switch into GAN mode based on mode selection preference determined by user preferences or operator configuration. + +The various preferences for the MS that are possible are as follows: + +- GERAN/UTRAN -only: + - The MS RR entity remains in GERAN/UTRAN mode and does not switch to GAN mode. +- GERAN/UTRAN -preferred: + - The MS RR entity is in GERAN/UTRAN mode as long as there is a PLMN available and not forbidden through GERAN/UTRAN. If no allowable PLMN is available through GERAN/UTRAN, and MS has successfully registered with a GAN over the generic IP access network, then the MS switches to GAN mode. When a PLMN becomes available over GERAN/UTRAN and the PLMN is not forbidden, or the MS has de-registered or lost connectivity with the GAN over the generic IP access network, the MS returns to GERAN/UTRAN mode. +- GAN-preferred: + - When the MS has successfully registered with the GAN over the generic IP access network, the MS switches to GAN mode and stays in this mode as long as the GAN is available. When the MS deregisters, or otherwise loses connectivity with the GAN over the generic IP access network, the MS switches to GERAN/UTRAN mode. +- GAN-only: + - The MS switches to GAN mode (after initial power up sequence in GERAN/UTRAN mode to obtain cellular network information, but excluding (G)MM procedures with GERAN/UTRAN core network) and does not switch to GERAN/UTRAN mode. During the initial power up sequence in GERAN/UTRAN mode the MS shall ignore all paging messages received through the GERAN/UTRAN network. + +#### 5.2.5.2 PLMN Selection + +This subclause proposes no change from the corresponding A/Gb mode GAN functionality. + +This section may be replaced with the above statement (or similar) or with a reference to the appropriate section in 3GPP TS 43.318 [2]. + +There shall be no change from the PLMN selection procedures in the NAS layers (MM and above) in the MS, with the exception that in GAN mode the "in VPLMN background scan" shall be disabled. + +A GANC can only be connected to one PLMN. + +The PLMN selection in the NAS layers shall not lead to a change of mode between GERAN/UTRAN mode and GAN mode. For a specific instance of PLMN selection, only PLMNs available via GAN or only PLMNs available via GERAN/UTRAN are provided to the NAS layer (i.e. no combination of the PLMNs available via GERAN/UTRAN and GAN). + +In the case of a GAN capable MS, a GANC selection process may also be required as part of the process of establishing the connectivity between the MS and the GANC. This takes place when, during GAN registration, a GAN capable MS may have a choice among two or more GANC-PLMN pairs indicated by the Default GANC (i.e. in the GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT message). The GANC selection process takes place while the MS is still in GERAN/UTRAN mode, and before the MS roves into GAN mode. If the current selected PLMN is available via GAN, it shall be selected. If not, the selection of GANC is implementation specific. + +If the MS does not have any stored information related to the Serving GANC for the cell or AP to which the MS is currently connected, the MS attempts to register with the Default GANC (always located in the HPLMN) stored in MS. The MS includes an indication, identifying the GANC as the Default GANC in the GA-RC REGISTER REQUEST message. + +When a MS attempts to register on the Default GANC including an indication that it is in automatic PLMN selection mode: + +- If the Default GANC wishes to serve the MS, the Default GANC responds with a GA-RC REGISTER ACCEPT message. +- If the Default GANC wishes to redirect the MS to another GANC within the HPLMN, the Default GANC responds with a GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT message, not including a list of PLMN identities. +- If the Default GANC wishes to redirect the MS to a PLMN that is not the HPLMN, the Default GANC responds with a GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT message and includes a list of PLMNs that may provide GAN service to the MS in its current location. The list contains one or more PLMN identities along with the identities of their associated GANC and SEGW nodes (either in IP address or FQDN format). Following the GANC selection process, the GA-RC entity in the MS shall attempt to register on the associated GANC. + +If at any time the user wishes to perform manual PLMN selection or a "User reselection" irrespective of whether the MS is in manual or automatic PLMN selection mode, the MS sends a GA-RC REGISTER REQUEST message to the Default GANC, including an indication that it is in manual PLMN selection mode. The Default GANC is not allowed to accept the registration and responds with a GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT message and includes a list of PLMNs that may provide GAN service to the MS in its current location. + +If the MS includes the identity of the current serving GSM network in the GA-RC REGISTER REQUEST message, the Default GANC uses this to identify the list of PLMNs to send to the MS in the response message. + +After successful registration with a serving GANC, the MS shall not store the PLMN list. The MS shall not use the PLMN list, provided to the MS during the registration procedure, for background scanning. + +NOTE: A MS cannot use GA in a VPLMN unless the HPLMN supports and authorizes GA. + +#### 5.2.5.3 Re-selection between GERAN/UTRAN and GAN modes + +This subclause proposes no change from the corresponding A/Gb mode GAN functionality. + +This section may be replaced with the above statement (or similar) or with a reference to the appropriate section in 3GPP TS 43.318 [2]. + +##### 5.2.5.3.1 Rove-in (from GERAN/UTRAN mode to GAN mode) + +This procedure is applicable only if GAN service is available, a MS is not in NC2 mode (applicable if the MS is in GERAN mode and as defined in 3GPP TS 45.008 [xx]) and has a MS preference for GAN-only, GAN-preferred or, if no allowable PLMN is available through GERAN/UTRAN, for GERAN/UTRAN-preferred. + +Following successful GAN registration, the access mode in the MS is switched to GAN mode. The GA-CSR entity in the MS provides the NAS-related system information received in the GAN Registration Procedure to the NAS layers. The NAS considers the GANC-allocated cell identity as the current serving cell. + +While in GAN mode, GERAN-RR and UTRAN RRC entities are detached from the RR-SAP in the MS. As a result the entities do not: + +- inform NAS about any GERAN/UTRAN cell re-selection and/or the change of system information of the current camping cell; +- inform NAS about any newly found PLMN over GERAN or UTRAN; and +- act on any paging request message received over GERAN or UTRAN. + +##### 5.2.5.3.2 Rove-out (from GAN mode to GERAN/UTRAN mode) + +This procedure is applicable when the MS detaches from the generic IP access network, and its mode selection is GAN-preferred or GERAN/UTRAN-preferred. + +When the MS detaches from the generic IP access network, depending on prevailing circumstances the MS may be able to deregister first with the GANC. + +For the GAN-preferred and GERAN/UTRAN-preferred mode selections, the MS detaches the GA-CSR entity from the RR-SAP and re-attaches the GERAN-RR or UTRAN RRC entity to the RR-SAP and restores normal GERAN-RR or UTRAN RRC functionality. + +For the GAN-only mode selection, GA-CSR remains attached to the NAS and the MS stays in GAN mode (i.e. in "No Service" condition). + +#### 5.2.5.4 GAN Discovery and Registration related procedures + +The changes in this subclause from the corresponding A/Gb mode GAN functionality are in subclauses 5.2.5.4.1.6, 5.2.5.4.1.7 and 5.2.5.4.1.8 dealing with GAN mode selection during discovery and registration, as well as replacing references to "(U)SIM" with just "USIM" since USIM is required. + +##### 5.2.5.4.1 Discovery and Registration for Generic Access + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.1 General + +The Discovery and Registration procedures are applicable only if the MS preference is operating in GAN-only, GAN-preferred or, if no allowable PLMN is available through GERAN/UTRAN, in GERAN/UTRAN-preferred mode. + +Once the MS has established a connection to the generic IP access network, the MS determines the appropriate GANC-SEGW to connect to, by completing the Discovery Procedure to the Provisioning GANC in the HPLMN of the MS. The Provisioning GANC provides the address of the Default GANC in the HPLMN of the MS, to which the MS can register. + +The MS attempts to register on the Default GANC provided by the Provisioning GANC during the Discovery procedure, by completing the Registration Procedure. The Default GANC may accept the Registration; redirect the MS to another GANC; or reject the Registration. + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.2 Security Gateway Identification + +The USIM of the MS contains the FQDN (or IP address) of the Provisioning GANC and the associated SEGW or the MS derives this information based on information in the USIM. If the MS does not have any information about other GANCs and associated SEGW stored, then the MS completes the Discovery procedure towards the Provisioning GANC. + +As part of the Registration Procedure, the Default GANC can indicate whether this GANC and SEGW address or the address of a GANC that the MS is being redirected to, may be stored by the MS. + +The MS may also store Serving GANC information for Serving GANCs with which the MS was able to complete a successful registration procedure. The default GANC is in control of whether the MS is allowed to store Serving GANC information. If there is no GERAN/UTRAN coverage in the AP location, the stored Serving GANC information shall be associated with the AP-ID. If there is GERAN/UTRAN coverage in the AP location, the stored Serving GANC information shall be associated with the GSM CGI or LAI or UTRAN CI. The stored Serving GANC information is: + +- serving SEGW FQDN or IP address following successful registration; +- serving GANC FQDN or IP address following successful registration; and +- optionally, Serving GANC TCP port following successful registration and if returned from the network. + +The number of such entries to be stored in the MS is implementation specific. Only the last successfully registered GANC association shall be stored when the Default GANC indicates that the MS is allowed to store these addresses. A MS may preferentially join a generic IP access network point of attachment whose association with a Serving GANC has been stored in memory. + +On connecting to the generic IP access network, if the MS has a stored Serving GANC for the AP-ID or the GERAN/UTRAN cell, the MS shall attempt to register with the associated Serving GANC in its memory. The GANC may still reject the MS for any reason even though it may have served the MS before. The MS shall delete from its stored list the address of the Serving GANC on receiving a registration reject or if the registration fails for any other reason (e.g. not receiving any response). + +If the MS does not receive a response to the Registration Request sent to the Serving GANC (and which is not the Default GANC), it shall re-attempt to register with the Default GANC. If the MS does not receive a response to the registration request sent to the Default GANC, it shall attempt the discovery procedure with the Provisioning GANC to obtain a new Default GANC. + +In the case when a MS is attempting to register or discover a GANC after failing to register on a GANC, the MS provides in the Registration or Discovery procedure an indication that the MS has attempted to Register on another GANC, the failure reason, and the GANC and SEGW addresses of the failed registration. + +When the MS connects to a generic IP access network, for which it does not have a stored Serving GANC in its memory, it shall attempt to register with the Default GANC. + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.3 GANC capabilities + +GANC specific information shall be transferred to the MS on successful registration. + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.4 MS capabilities + +GAN specific capabilities of the MS shall be transferred to the GANC during registration. + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.5 Required GAN Services + +The MS may request which GAN services it requires from the GANC as part of the Registration procedures. + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.6 GAN Mode Selection + +The MS (i.e. with Iu-mode GAN support) transfers its GAN Mode Support information to the GANC during Discovery and Registration procedures; i.e. in the GAN Classmark IE. GAN Mode Support options are A/Gb mode supported, Iu mode supported, or both modes supported. If no GAN Mode Support information is received, the GANC assumes that the MS supports A/Gb mode operation only. + +The provisioning GANC may use the received GAN Mode Support information to assign the MS to an appropriate default GANC (e.g. if separate A/Gb mode and Iu-mode GANCs are deployed in the network) or to an appropriate TCP port on the default GANC (e.g. if separate TCP ports are used for A/Gb mode and Iu-mode GAN service). During registration, the Iu-mode capable GANC shall also indicate the GAN mode to use for the current session in the GAN Mode Indicator IE; this allows the MS to determine the Iu-mode capability of the Home PLMN. + +Table 1 enumerates the discovery handling for the various combinations of MS and Home PLMN GAN mode capabilities. + +**Table 1: GAN Mode Selection procedures associated with GAN Discovery** + +| MS GAN Mode Capabilities | Home PLMN GAN Mode Capabilities | | | +|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | A/Gb only | Iu only | Both | +| A/Gb only | GANC: Handle as normal A/Gb mode discovery.
MS: Proceed with registration. | GANC: No GAN Mode Support information provided or A/Gb mode (only) indicated by MS, therefore Reject (Unspecified)
MS: Retry on next power-on. | GANC: No GAN Mode Support information provided or A/Gb mode (only) indicated by MS, therefore handle as normal A/Gb mode discovery. Assign MS to A/Gb-capable GANC.
MS: Proceed with registration. | +| Iu only | GANC: Handle as normal A/Gb mode discovery
MS: Proceed with registration | GANC: Iu Mode Support (only) indicated by MS, therefore accept and assign MS to Iu-capable GANC.
MS: Proceed with registration. | GANC: Iu Mode Support (only) indicated by MS, therefore accept and assign MS to Iu-capable GANC.
MS: Proceed with registration. | +| Both | GANC: Handle as normal A/Gb discovery.
MS: Proceed with registration. | GANC: Support for both modes indicated by MS, therefore accept and assign MS to Iu-capable GANC.
MS: Proceed with registration. | GANC: Support for both modes indicated by MS, therefore accept and assign MS to Iu-capable GANC.
MS: Proceed with registration. | + +The default or serving GANC may use the received GAN Mode Support information to redirect the MS to a different GANC or a different TCP port on the current GANC. The Iu-mode capable GANC shall also indicate the GAN mode to use for the current session in the GAN Mode Indicator IE. + +Table 2 enumerates the registration handling for the various combinations of MS and Default/Serving GANC GAN mode capabilities. + +**Table 2: GAN Mode Selection procedures associated with GAN Registration** + +| MS GAN Mode Capabilities | Default/Serving GANC GAN Mode Capabilities | | | +|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | A/Gb only | Iu only | Both | +| A/Gb only | GANC: Handle as normal A/Gb mode registration.
MS: Proceed per A/Gb mode GAN procedures. | GANC: No GAN Mode Support information provided or A/Gb mode (only) indicated by MS, therefore Reject (Invalid GANC).
MS: Attempt registration with Default GANC or re-discovery (per A/Gb mode GAN procedures). | GANC: No GAN Mode Support information provided or A/Gb mode (only) indicated by MS, therefore handle as normal A/Gb mode registration. If required, redirect MS to A/Gb-capable GANC.
MS: Proceed per A/Gb mode GAN procedures. | +| Iu only | GANC: Handle as normal A/Gb mode registration.
MS: No GAN Mode Selection provided by GANC, therefore Deregister and treat as register reject (Invalid GANC). | GANC: Iu Mode Support (only) indicated by MS, therefore accept and send GAN Mode Indicator = Iu.
MS: Proceed per Iu mode GAN procedures. | GANC: Iu Mode Support (only) indicated by MS, therefore accept and send GAN Mode Indicator = Iu.
MS: Proceed per Iu mode GAN procedures. | +| Both | GANC: Handle as normal A/Gb registration.
MS: No GAN Mode Selection provided by GANC, therefore proceed per A/Gb mode GAN procedures. | GANC: Support for both modes indicated by MS, therefore accept and send GAN Mode Indicator = Iu.
MS: Proceed per Iu mode GAN procedures. | GANC: Support for both modes indicated by MS, therefore accept and send GAN Mode Indicator = Iu or A/Gb (see note). If required, redirect MS to Iu or A/Gb-capable GANC.
MS: Proceed per Iu or A/Gb mode GAN procedures. | + +NOTE: The GANC's choice of Iu-mode versus A/Gb-mode may be based on other information received in the GAN registration message from the MS, information stored in the GANC, and on operator policy. + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.7 Discovery Procedure + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.7.1 Normal Case + +When a MS supporting GAN first attempts to connect to a GAN, the MS needs to identify the Default GANC. Each GAN capable MS can be configured with the FQDN (or IP address) of the Provisioning GANC and the associated SEGW or the MS can derive this FQDN based on information in the USIM (see 3GPP TS 23.003 [26]). The MS first connects to a Provisioning GANC-SEGW and GANC in the HPLMN of the MS, by establishing a secure IPsec tunnel and a TCP connection using the provisioned or derived addresses. The MS obtains the FQDN or IP address of the Default GANC in the HPLMN and the associated SEGW, through the Discovery procedure. + +If no GERAN/UTRAN coverage is available when a MS connects to the GANC for GAN service, then the GANC cannot necessarily determine the location of the MS for the purposes of assigning the MS to the correct serving GANC (e.g. to enable handover and location-based services). The GANC shall permit the operator to determine the service policy in this case; e.g. the operator could provide service to the user with certain limitations (possibly with a user interface indication on the MS). + +NOTE 1: When the MS initiates the Discovery/Registration procedures and no GERAN/UTRAN coverage is available, the GANC may have insufficient information to correctly route subsequent emergency calls. + +![Sequence diagram of the Discovery procedure. The diagram shows interactions between the MS, DNS, and a Provisioning GANC (containing SEGW, DNS, and GANC). The steps are: 1. MS sends a DNS query for the Provisioning SEGW FQDN to the DNS. 2. DNS responds. 3. MS establishes a secure tunnel with the SEGW. 4. MS sends a DNS query for the Provisioning GANC FQDN to the DNS. 5. DNS responds. 6. MS sends a GA-RC DISCOVER REQUEST to the GANC. 7. GANC sends a GA-RC DISCOVER ACCEPT to the MS. 8. GANC sends a GA-RC DISCOVER REJECT to the MS. 9. MS releases the secure tunnel with the SEGW.](aa73c8651865e31f7a2f7b8a9c068461_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant DNS + subgraph Provisioning GANC + participant SEGW + participant DNS2 as DNS + participant GANC + end + Note right of Provisioning GANC: Provisioning GANC + MS->>DNS: 1. DNS query (provisioned or derived SEGW FQDN) + DNS-->>MS: 2. DNS response + MS->>SEGW: 3. Establish secure tunnel + MS->>DNS2: 4. DNS query (provisioning GANC FQDN) + DNS2-->>MS: 5. DNS response + MS->>GANC: 6. GA-RC DISCOVER REQUEST (CID, LAI, IMSI, GAN Classmark, ...) + GANC-->>MS: 7. GA-RC DISCOVER ACCEPT (Default SEGW / GANC address, GANC Port) + GANC-->>MS: 8. GA-RC DISCOVER REJECT (Reject Cause) + MS->>SEGW: 9. Release secure tunnel + +``` + +Sequence diagram of the Discovery procedure. The diagram shows interactions between the MS, DNS, and a Provisioning GANC (containing SEGW, DNS, and GANC). The steps are: 1. MS sends a DNS query for the Provisioning SEGW FQDN to the DNS. 2. DNS responds. 3. MS establishes a secure tunnel with the SEGW. 4. MS sends a DNS query for the Provisioning GANC FQDN to the DNS. 5. DNS responds. 6. MS sends a GA-RC DISCOVER REQUEST to the GANC. 7. GANC sends a GA-RC DISCOVER ACCEPT to the MS. 8. GANC sends a GA-RC DISCOVER REJECT to the MS. 9. MS releases the secure tunnel with the SEGW. + +Figure 54: Discovery procedure + +In the description below it is assumed that the MS has a mode selection of GAN-only or GAN-preferred or GERAN/UTRAN-preferred and that the MS has already connected to the generic IP access network. + +NOTE 2: It is implementation specific what signal level should be deemed as sufficient for triggering the GAN Discovery and Registration procedures. + +1. If the MS has a provisioned or derived FQDN of the Provisioning SEGW, it performs a DNS query (via the generic IP access network interface) to resolve the FQDN to an IP address. If the MS has a provisioned IP address for the Provisioning SEGW, the DNS step is omitted. +2. The DNS Server returns a response including the IP Address of the Provisioning SEGW. +3. The MS establishes a secure tunnel to the Provisioning SEGW. + +4. If the MS has a provisioned or derived FQDN of the Provisioning GANC, it performs a DNS query (via the secure tunnel) to resolve the FQDN to an IP address. If the MS has a provisioned IP address for the Provisioning GANC, the DNS step will be omitted. +5. The DNS Server returns a response including the IP Address of the Provisioning GANC. +6. The MS sets up a TCP connection to a well-defined port on the Provisioning GANC. It then queries the Provisioning GANC for the Default GANC, using GA-RC DISCOVERY REQUEST. The message contains: + - Cell Info: Either current camping UTRAN/GERAN cell ID or the last LAI where the MS successfully registered, along with an indicator stating which one it is. + - Generic IP access network attachment point information: AP-ID. + - MS Identity: IMSI. + - GAN Classmark: Including indications of A/Gb Mode supported, Iu Mode supported. +7. The Provisioning GANC returns the GA-RC DISCOVERY ACCEPT message, using the information provided by the MS (e.g. the cell ID), to provide the FQDN or IP address of the Default GANC and its associated Default SEGW. This is done so the MS is directed to a "local" Default GANC in the HPLMN to optimize network performance. +8. If the Provisioning GANC cannot accept the GA-RC DISCOVERY REQUEST message, it returns a GA-RC DISCOVERY REJECT message indicating the reject cause. +9. The secure IPsec tunnel to the Provisioning SEGW is released. It shall also be possible to reuse the same IPsec tunnel for GAN Registration procedures. In this case the IPsec tunnel is not released. + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.8 Registration procedure + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.8.1 Normal case + +Following the Discovery procedure the MS establishes a secure tunnel with the secure gateway of the Default GANC, provided by the Provisioning GANC in the Discovery procedure, and attempts to register with the Default GANC. The Default GANC may become the Serving GANC for that connection by accepting the registration, or the Default GANC may redirect a MS performing registration to a different Serving GANC. + +GANC redirection may be based on information provided by the MS during the Registration procedure, operator chosen policy or network load balancing. + +The GAN Registration procedure serves the following functions: + +- Ensures the MS is registered to the appropriate GANC entity; i.e. with use of the redirection process; +- Informs the GANC that the MS is now connected through a generic IP access network and is available at a particular IP address. The GANC maintains the registration context for the purposes of (for example) mobile-terminated calling; +- Provides the MS with the operating parameters associated with the GAN service, including which GAN mode to use for the session, A/Gb or Iu. The "System Information" message content that is applicable to the GAN cell is delivered to the MS during the GAN registration process. This enables the MS to switch to GAN mode, and following the Registration procedure trigger NAS procedures with the core network (such as Location/Routing Area Update, mobile originated calls, mobile terminated calls, etc.); and +- Enables the MS to request which GAN services are required. + +![Sequence diagram of the Registration procedure. Lifelines: MS, DNS, and Default or Serving GANC (containing SEG W, DNS, and GANC). The sequence starts with a DNS query from MS to DNS for Default or Serving SEG W FQDN. DNS responds. MS then establishes a secure tunnel with SEG W. Next, MS sends a DNS query to DNS for Default or Serving GANC FQDN. DNS responds. MS sends a GA-RC REGISTER REQUEST to GANC. GANC responds with GA-RC REGISTER ACCEPT, REJECT, or REDIRECT. Finally, MS releases the secure tunnel with SEG W.](ffb6acd27b8e3a54392840948a75869f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant DNS + subgraph Default or Serving GANC + SEG W + DNS2[DNS] + GANC + end + Note left of MS: Error: Reference source not + MS->>DNS: 1. DNS query (Default or Serving SEG W FQDN) + DNS-->>MS: 2. DNS response + MS->>SEG W: 3. Establish secure tunnel + MS->>DNS2: 4. DNS query (Default or Serving GANC FQDN) + DNS2-->>MS: 5. DNS response + MS->>GANC: 6. GA-RC REGISTER REQUEST (CID, LAI, IMSI, GANC Classmark, ...) + GANC-->>MS: 7. GA-RC REGISTER ACCEPT ("GAN System Information") + GANC-->>MS: 8. GA-RC REGISTER REJECT (Reject Cause) + GANC-->>MS: 9. GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT (see note) + MS->>SEG W: 10. Release secure tunnel + +``` + +Sequence diagram of the Registration procedure. Lifelines: MS, DNS, and Default or Serving GANC (containing SEG W, DNS, and GANC). The sequence starts with a DNS query from MS to DNS for Default or Serving SEG W FQDN. DNS responds. MS then establishes a secure tunnel with SEG W. Next, MS sends a DNS query to DNS for Default or Serving GANC FQDN. DNS responds. MS sends a GA-RC REGISTER REQUEST to GANC. GANC responds with GA-RC REGISTER ACCEPT, REJECT, or REDIRECT. Finally, MS releases the secure tunnel with SEG W. + +NOTE: The GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT message may contain: a single Serving SEGW and GANC address or a list of PLMN identities and associated Serving SEGW and GANC addresses; and an Indication of whether GANC address(es) can be stored in the MS for future use. + +**Figure 55: Registration procedure** + +1. If the MS was provided the FQDN of the Default or Serving SEGW, the MS shall perform a DNS query (via the generic IP access network interface) to resolve the FQDN to an IP address. If the MS has a provisioned IP address for the SEGW, the DNS step is omitted. +2. The DNS Server returns a response. +3. The MS shall then set up a secure IPsec tunnel to the SEGW. This step may be omitted if an IPsec tunnel is being reused from an earlier Discovery or Registration. +4. If the MS was provided the FQDN of the Default or Serving GANC, the MS shall then perform a DNS query (via the secure tunnel) to resolve the FQDN to an IP address. If the MS has an IP address for the GANC, the DNS step is omitted. +5. The DNS Server returns a response. +6. The MS then sets up a TCP connection to a TCP port on the GANC. The TCP port can either be a well-known port or one that has been earlier received from the network during Discovery or Registration. The MS shall attempt to register on the GANC by transmitting the GA-RC REGISTER REQUEST. The message includes: + - Cell Info: Either current camping UTRAN/GERAN cell ID, or last LAI where the MS successfully registered, along with an indicator stating which one it is. + - Generic IP access network attachment point information: AP-ID. + - MS Identity: IMSI. + - MS Capability Information. + - GAN Services Required. + +- GAN Classmark: Including indications of A/Gb Mode supported, Iu Mode supported. +7. If the GANC accepts the registration attempt it shall respond with a GA-RC REGISTER ACCEPT. The message contains: +- GAN specific system information, including: + - GAN Mode Indicator: A/Gb Mode GAN or Iu Mode GAN. + - Cell description of the GAN cell. + - Location-area identification comprising the mobile country code, mobile network code, and location area code corresponding to the GAN cell. + - Cell identity identifying the cell within the location area corresponding to the GAN cell. + - Applicable system timer values (e.g. for the application-level keepalive message transmission interval, see subclause 5.2.5.4.4) + - GAN Capability Information. +- In this case the TCP connection and the secure IPsec tunnel are not released and are maintained as long as the MS is registered to this GANC. +8. Alternatively, the GANC may reject the request. In this case, it shall respond with a GA-RC REGISTER REJECT indicating the reject cause. The TCP connection and the secure IPsec tunnel are released and the MS shall act as defined in subclause 5.2.5.4.1.8.2. +9. Alternatively, if the GANC wishes to redirect the MS to (another) Serving GANC, it shall respond with a GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT providing the FQDN or IP address of the target Serving GANC and the associated SEGW, and the GAN Mode Indicator if the GANC requires that a particular mode be used with the Serving GANC (e.g. if the GANC knows that the Serving GANC supports only A/Gb mode GAN). In this case the TCP connection is released and the secure IPsec tunnel is optionally released depending on if the network indicates that the same IPsec tunnel can be reused for the next registration. + +###### 5.2.5.4.1.8.2 Abnormal cases + +If the Serving GANC rejects the Register request and does not provide redirection to another Serving GANC, the MS shall re-attempt Registration to the Default GANC including a cause indicating the failed registration attempt and the Serving GANC and SEGW with which the Register request failed. The MS should also delete all stored information about this Serving GANC. + +If the Default GANC rejects a Registration Request and is unable to provide redirection to suitable Serving GANC, the MS may re-attempt the Discovery procedure to the Provisioning GANC (including a cause indicating the failed registration attempt and the Default GANC provided in the last Discovery procedure). The MS should also delete all stored information about the Default GANC. + +##### 5.2.5.4.2 De-Registration + +This subclause proposes no change from the corresponding A/Gb mode GAN functionality. + +This subclause may be replaced with the above statement (or similar) or with a reference to the appropriate subclause in 3GPP TS 43.318 [2]. + +The GA-RC De-Registration procedure allows the MS to explicitly inform the GANC that it is leaving GAN mode (e.g. when it detaches from the generic IP access network), by sending a GA-RC DEREGISTER message to the GANC, allowing the GANC to free resources that it assigned to the MS. The GANC also supports "implicit GAN de-registration", when the TCP connection to the MS is abruptly lost. + +The GANC can also autonomously release the MS registration context, and send a GA-RC DEREGISTER message to the MS. Alternatively, the GANC can implicitly deregister the MS by closing the TCP connection with the MS. + +NOTE: At power-down the GA-RC sublayer of the MS ensures that the MS explicitly detaches from the network, where possible, before completing the GA-RC De-Registration procedure. + +![Sequence diagram showing De-Registration initiated by the MS. The MS sends a GA-RC DEREGISTER message to the GANC.](3198cdf0dbe501c46fe0e4073c7d8451_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + Note right of MS: 1. GA-RC DEREGISTER + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-RC DEREGISTER + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing De-Registration initiated by the MS. The MS sends a GA-RC DEREGISTER message to the GANC. + +**Figure 56: De-Registration initiated by the MS** + +1. The MS sends the GA-RC DEREGISTER to the GANC, which removes the MS context in the GANC. + +![Sequence diagram showing De-Registration initiated by the GANC. The GANC sends a GA-RC DEREGISTER message to the MS.](907ece8ef4e70ee3f584e07ad4fd2df4_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + Note right of GANC: 1. GA-RC DEREGISTER + GANC->>MS: 1. GA-RC DEREGISTER + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing De-Registration initiated by the GANC. The GANC sends a GA-RC DEREGISTER message to the MS. + +**Figure 57: De-Registration initiated by the GANC** + +1. The GANC sends the GA-RC DEREGISTER to the MS. + +##### 5.2.5.4.3 Registration Update + +The only change in this section from the corresponding A/Gb mode GAN functionality is to specify that this procedure cannot be used to change GAN mode during a GAN session. + +The GA-RC Registration Update procedure allows the MS to update information in the GANC regarding changes to the identity of the overlapping GERAN cell or changes to the generic IP access network point of attachment, by sending a GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE UPLINK message to the GANC carrying the updated information. This may result in the MS being redirected to another serving GANC, or being denied service; e.g. due to operator policy. + +![Sequence diagram showing Registration Update Uplink. The MS sends a GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE UPLINK message to the GANC. The GANC may respond with a GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT or a GA-RC DEREGISTER message.](9694add1e3183133a9ddb9f41c48d00e_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + Note right of MS: 1. GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE UPLINK + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE UPLINK + Note right of GANC: 2. GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT + GANC-->>MS: 2. GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT + Note right of GANC: 3. GA-RC DEREGISTER + GANC-->>MS: 3. GA-RC DEREGISTER + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing Registration Update Uplink. The MS sends a GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE UPLINK message to the GANC. The GANC may respond with a GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT or a GA-RC DEREGISTER message. + +**Figure X58: Registration Update Uplink** + +1. When the MS detects UTRAN/GERAN coverage after reporting no coverage during GAN registration, it shall send the GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE UPLINK to the GANC with the updated information. Whenever the generic IP access network point of attachment changes, the MS shall send a GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE UPLINK to the GANC with the updated generic IP access network point of attachment information. If the MS requires to update the GANC with a new list of GAN Services required, then the MS sends GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE UPLINK message to the GANC including the new GAN Services Required list. +2. The GANC may optionally send the GA-RC REGISTER REDIRECT when it wants to redirect the MS based on updated information. +3. The GANC may also optionally deregister the MS on receiving an update by sending GA-RC DEREGISTER to the MS. + +The GAN Registration Update procedure also allows the GANC to update the GAN system information in the MS, if needed, by sending a GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE DOWNLINK message to the MS carrying the updated information. Note that this procedure shall not be used to change GAN mode during a GAN session (e.g. from A/Gb mode to Iu mode). + +![Sequence diagram for Registration Update Downlink. It shows two lifelines: MS and GANC. A message labeled '1. GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE DOWNLINK' is sent from the GANC to the MS.](18bb06865e2dada3656ea3d57f290f7f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + Note left of MS: + GANC->>MS: 1. GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE DOWNLINK + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Registration Update Downlink. It shows two lifelines: MS and GANC. A message labeled '1. GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE DOWNLINK' is sent from the GANC to the MS. + +**Figure 59: Registration Update Downlink** + +1. The GANC sends GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE DOWNLINK with the updated system information. + +##### 5.2.5.4.4 Keep Alive + +This subclause proposes no change from the corresponding A/Gb mode GAN functionality. + +This subclause may be replaced with the above statement (or similar) or with a reference to the appropriate subclause in 3GPP TS 43.318 [2]. + +The Keep Alive process is a mechanism between the peer GA-RC entities to indicate that the MS is still registered to the GANC. Using periodic transmissions of the GA-RC KEEP ALIVE message the MS in turn determines that the GANC is still available using the currently established lower layer connection. + +![Sequence diagram for Keep Alive procedure. It shows two lifelines: MS and GANC. A message labeled '1. GA-RC KEEP ALIVE' is sent from the MS to the GANC.](ec31af936fa94a6917bf19f154df8ac3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + Note left of MS: + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-RC KEEP ALIVE + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Keep Alive procedure. It shows two lifelines: MS and GANC. A message labeled '1. GA-RC KEEP ALIVE' is sent from the MS to the GANC. + +**Figure 60: Keep Alive procedure** + +1. The MS sends GA-RC KEEP ALIVE to the GANC. + +##### 5.2.5.4.5 Cell Broadcast Information + +This subclause proposes no change from the corresponding A/Gb mode GAN functionality. + +This subclause may be replaced with the above statement (or similar) or with a reference to the appropriate section in 3GPP TS 43.318 [2]. + +The Cell Broadcast Information is a mechanism between the peer GA-RC entities, allowing the GANC to pass the MS information relating to the Cell Broadcast Services. The MS includes GAN Service Required information in the GA-RC REGISTER REQUEST and GA-RC REGISTER UPDATE UPLINK messages passed to the GANC, indicating that the MS requires the Cell Broadcast Service. The GANC then passes the required information to the MS in the GA-RC CELL BROADCAST INFO message. + +![Sequence diagram for Cell Broadcast Information. It shows two lifelines: MS and GANC. A message labeled '1. GA-RC CELL BROADCAST INFO' is sent from the GANC to the MS.](6f89a9b12884589d3a907f9df6c5c4c3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + Note left of MS: + GANC->>MS: 1. GA-RC CELL BROADCAST INFO + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Cell Broadcast Information. It shows two lifelines: MS and GANC. A message labeled '1. GA-RC CELL BROADCAST INFO' is sent from the GANC to the MS. + +**Figure 61: Cell Broadcast Information** + +1. The GANC sends the GA-RC CELL BROADCAST INFO message to the MS, including information required by the MS. + +#### 5.2.5.5 Void + +#### 5.2.5.6 Void + +#### 5.2.5.7 GA-RRC Connection handling + +The Iu-mode GAN GA-RRC connection is a logical connection between the MS and the GANC. + +A GA-RRC connection is established when the upper layers in the MS request the establishment of a signalling connection and the MS is in GA-RRC-IDLE state; i.e. no GA-RRC connection exists. When a successful response is received from the network, GA-RRC replies to the upper layer that the signalling connection is established and the MS has entered the equivalent of the RRC connected mode (i.e. the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state). + +##### 5.2.5.7.1 GA-RRC Connection Establishment + +The following figure shows successful and unsuccessful establishment of the GA-RRC Connection. + +![Sequence diagram for GA-RRC Connection Establishment showing MS, GANC, and CN entities. The MS sends a GA-RRC REQUEST (Establishment Cause) to the GANC. The GANC responds with either a GA-RRC REQUEST ACCEPT or a GA-RRC REQUEST REJECT (Cause).](4847c98185bc52e8786b78738bc52b45_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant CN + Note left of MS: MS initiates GA-RRC connection establishment + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-RRC REQUEST (Establishment Cause) + GANC-->>MS: 2. GA-RRC REQUEST ACCEPT + Note right of GANC: or + GANC-->>MS: 3. GA-RRC REQUEST REJECT (Cause) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for GA-RRC Connection Establishment showing MS, GANC, and CN entities. The MS sends a GA-RRC REQUEST (Establishment Cause) to the GANC. The GANC responds with either a GA-RRC REQUEST ACCEPT or a GA-RRC REQUEST REJECT (Cause). + +Figure 62: GA-CSR Connection Establishment + +1. The MS initiates GA-RRC connection establishment by sending the GA-RRC REQUEST message to the GANC. This message contains the Establishment Cause indicating the reason for GA-RRC connection establishment. +2. The GANC signals the acceptance of the connection request to the MS by sending the GA-RRC REQUEST ACCEPT and the MS enters the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state. +3. If the GANC determines that the GA-RRC connection request shall be rejected, it sends a GA-RRC REQUEST REJECT to the MS indicating the reject cause, completing the procedure. + +##### 5.2.5.7.2 GA-RRC Connection Release + +The following figure shows release of the logical GA-RRC connection between the MS and the GANC. + +![Sequence diagram for GA-RRC Connection Release showing MS, GANC, and CN entities. The CN sends an Iu Release Command to the GANC. The GANC responds with an Iu Release Complete. The GANC then sends a GA-RRC RELEASE to the MS. The MS responds with a GA-RRC RELEASE COMPLETE.](04867b54e8cdb31a034edbb472a41162_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant CN + Note right of CN: CN indicates release of resources + CN->>GANC: 1. Iu Release Command + GANC-->>CN: 2. Iu Release Complete + Note left of GANC: GANC commands MS to release resources + GANC->>MS: 3. GA-RRC RELEASE + MS-->>GANC: 4. GA-RRC RELEASE COMPLETE + +``` + +Sequence diagram for GA-RRC Connection Release showing MS, GANC, and CN entities. The CN sends an Iu Release Command to the GANC. The GANC responds with an Iu Release Complete. The GANC then sends a GA-RRC RELEASE to the MS. The MS responds with a GA-RRC RELEASE COMPLETE. + +Figure 63: GA-RRC Connection Release + +1. The CN indicates to the GANC to release the resources allocated to the MS, via the RANAP *Iu Release Command* message. +2. The GANC confirms resource release to CN using the *Iu Release Complete* message. +3. The GANC commands the MS to release resources, using the GA-RRC RELEASE message. +4. The MS confirms resource release to the GANC using the GA-RRC RELEASE COMPLETE message and the GA-RRC state in the MS changes to GA-RRC-IDLE. + +#### 5.2.5.8 Security Mode Control + +The message flow for security mode control is shown in figure 64. + +![Sequence diagram for CS Security Mode Control showing message exchange between MS, GANC, and CN.](e7010c66da16316c2935dfbbef5056b3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant CN + CN->>GANC: 1. Security Mode Command + GANC->>MS: 2. GA-RRC SECURITY MODE COMMAND + MS->>GANC: 3. GA-RRC SECURITY MODE COMPLETE + Note over GANC: Verify MAC + GANC->>CN: 4. Security Mode Complete + +``` + +Sequence diagram for CS Security Mode Control showing message exchange between MS, GANC, and CN. + +**Figure 64: CS Security Mode Control** + +1. The CN sends the RANAP *Security Mode Command* message to GANC. This message contains the integrity key (IK) and allowed algorithms, and optionally the encryption key (CK) and allowed algorithms. +2. The GANC sends the GA-RRC SECURITY MODE COMMAND message to the MS. This message indicates the integrity protection and encryption settings (i.e. that are applicable after relocation to UTRAN), and a random number. The MS stores the information for possible future use after a relocation to UTRAN. +3. The MS computes a MAC based on the random number, the MS IMSI and the integrity key. The MS then sends the GA-RRC SECURITY MODE COMPLETE message to signal its selected algorithm and the computed MAC. +4. The GANC verifies the MAC. If the GANC verifies the MAC to be correct it sends the *Security Mode Complete* message to the CN. + +NOTE: The MAC proves that the identity that is authenticated to the GANC is the same as the identity authenticated to the core network. The configuration option of not enabling security mode control in the network will therefore open up the network to more security threats than in UTRAN. + +#### 5.2.5.9 NAS Signalling Procedures + +After GA-RRC connection establishment, NAS signalling may be transfer from CN-to-MS and from MS-to-CN. + +![Sequence diagram for CN-to-MS NAS signalling showing message exchange between MS, GANC, and CN.](a175bdeacb50b8a60869f6c68c5d0a07_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant CN + CN->>GANC: 1. Direct transfer (NAS-PDU) + GANC->>MS: 2. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (NAS-PDU) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for CN-to-MS NAS signalling showing message exchange between MS, GANC, and CN. + +**Figure 65: CN-to-MS NAS signalling** + +1. For CN-to-MS NAS signalling, the CN sends a NAS PDU to the GANC via the RANAP *Direct Transfer* message. +2. The GANC encapsulates the NAS PDU within a GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER message and forwards the message to the MS via the existing TCP connection. + +![Sequence diagram for MS-to-CN NAS signalling showing message exchange between MS, GANC, and CN.](99781d878388c3e0f359b1d6ce14119c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant CN + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (NAS-PDU) + GANC->>CN: 2. Direct transfer (NAS-PDU) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for MS-to-CN NAS signalling showing message exchange between MS, GANC, and CN. + +**Figure 66: MS-to-CN NAS signalling** + +1. The MS receives a request from the NAS layer to transfer an uplink NAS PDU. Assuming the required signalling connection already exists, the MS encapsulates the NAS PDU within a GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER message and sends the message to the GANC. + +- The GANC relays the received message to the CN via the RANAP *Direct Transfer* message. + +#### 5.2.5.10 Mobile Originated CS Call + +The description of the procedure in this subclause assumes the MS is in GAN mode; i.e. it has successfully registered with the GANC and GA-RRC is the serving RR entity for CS services in the MS. It also assumes that no GA-RRC signalling connection exists between the MS and GANC (i.e. GA-RRC-IDLE state). + +![Sequence diagram for Mobile Originated CS Call showing interactions between MS, GANC, and MSC.](c2f36c545b190860d04e1d84e58d22cc_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant MSC + + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-RRC Connection Establishment + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED + MS->>GANC: 2. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (CM Service Request) + GANC->>MSC: 3. Initial UE Message (Domain Indicator, NAS-PDU = CM Service Request) + MSC->>GANC: 4. Authentication + GANC->>MSC: 5. Security Mode Control + MS->>GANC: 6. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Setup) + GANC->>MSC: 7. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Call Proceeding) + MSC->>GANC: 8. RAB assignment Request + GANC->>MSC: 9. Iu Bearer Establishment and Iu UP Initialization + MS->>GANC: 10. GA-RRC CTIV E CHANNEL + GANC->>MS: 11. GA-RRC CTIV E CHANNEL CK + GANC->>MSC: 12. RAB assignment Response + MS->>GANC: 13. GA-RRC CTIV E CHANNEL COMPLETE + GANC->>MSC: 14. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Alerting) + GANC->>MS: 15. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Connect) + MS->>GANC: 16. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Connect ack) + GANC->>MSC: 17. Voice traffic + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Mobile Originated CS Call showing interactions between MS, GANC, and MSC. + +Figure 67: Mobile Originated CS Call + +- The GA-RRC Connection Establishment procedure is performed as described in subclause 5.2.5.7.1. +- The MS sends the *CM Service Request* message to the GANC within the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER message. +- The GANC establishes an SCCP connection to the MSC and forwards the NAS PDU (i.e. the *CM Service Request* message) to the MSC using the RANAP *Initial UE Message*. The message includes the Domain Indicator set to value 'CS domain'. Subsequent NAS messages between the MS and MSC will be sent between GANC and MSC using the RANAP *Direct Transfer* message. +- The MSC may optionally authenticate the MS using standard UTRAN authentication procedures. +- The MSC normally initiates the Security Mode Control procedure described in subclause 5.2.5.8. +- The MS sends the *Setup* message providing details on the call to the MSC and its bearer capability and supported codecs. This message is contained within the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER between the MS and the GANC. The GANC forwards the *Setup* message to the MSC. + +7. The MSC indicates it has received the call setup and it will accept no additional call-establishment information using the *Call Proceeding* message to the GANC. The GANC forwards this message to the MS in the GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER message. +8. The MSC requests the GANC to assign call resources using the RANAP *RAB Assignment Request* message. The MSC includes the RAB-ID, the CN Transport Layer Address and the CN Iu Transport Association for user data. +9. The Iu bearer is established per standard Iu procedures. In the case of the ATM-based Iu-cs interface, this may include the exchange of ALCAP signalling between the GANC and the MSC to setup the ATM virtual circuit. For both ATM and IP-based Iu-cs interface types, Iu bearer establishment may also include the Iu UP initialization exchange, if Iu UP support mode is required as indicated by the MSC in the RANAP *RAB Assignment Request* message. +10. The GANC sends the GA-RRC ACTIVATE CHANNEL message to the MS including bearer path setup information such as: + - Channel mode. + - Multi-rate codec configuration. + - UDP port & the IP address for the uplink RTP stream. + - Voice sample size. +11. The MS sends the GA-RRC ACTIVATE CHANNEL ACK to the GANC indicating the UDP port for the downlink RTP stream. +12. The GANC signals to the MSC that the RAB has been established by sending a RANAP *RAB Assignment Response* message. +13. The GANC signals the completion of the RAB establishment to the MS with the GA-RRC ACTIVATE CHANNEL COMPLETE message. +14. The MSC signals to the MS, with the *Alerting* message, that the B-Party is ringing. The message is transferred to the GANC and GANC forwards the message to the MS in the GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER. If the MS has not connected the audio path to the user, it shall generate ring back to the calling party. Otherwise, the network-generated ring back will be returned to the calling party. +15. The MSC signals that the called party has answered, via the *Connect* message. The message is transferred to the GANC and GANC forwards the message to the MS in the GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER. The MS connects the user to the audio path. If the MS is generating ring back, it stops and connects the user to the audio path. +16. The MS sends the *Connect Ack* message in response, and the two parties are connected for the voice call. This message is contained within the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER between the MS and the GANC. The GANC forwards the *Connect Ack* message to the MSC. +17. Bi-directional voice traffic flows between the MS and MSC through the GANC. + +#### 5.2.5.11 Mobile Terminated CS Call + +The description of the procedure in this subclause assumes the MS is in GAN mode; i.e. it has successfully registered with the GANC and GA-RRC is the serving RR entity for CS services in the MS. It also assumes that no GA-RRC signalling connection exists between the MS and GANC (i.e. GA-RRC-IDLE state). + +![Sequence diagram for Mobile Terminated CS Call showing interactions between MS, GANC, and MSC.](c07e21a8d65991db04263322f859c94f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant MSC + + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-IDLE + MSC->>GANC: 1. Paging (Domain Indicator, IMSI) + GANC->>MS: 2. GA-RRC PAGING REQUEST + MS->>GANC: 3. GA-RRC PAGING RESPONSE + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED + GANC->>MSC: 4. Initial UE Message (Domain Indicator, NAS-PDU = Paging Response) + Note right of MSC: 5. Authentication + Note right of MSC: 6. Security Mode Control + GANC->>MS: 7. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Setup) + MS->>GANC: 8. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Call Confirmed) + Note right of MSC: 9. Bearer establishment procedure + GANC->>MSC: 10. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Alerting) + GANC->>MSC: 11. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Connect) + MS->>GANC: 12. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Connect ack) + Note left of MS: 13. Voice traffic + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Mobile Terminated CS Call showing interactions between MS, GANC, and MSC. + +**Figure 68: Mobile Terminated CS Call** + +1. A mobile-terminated call arrives at the MSC. The MSC sends a RANAP *Paging* message to the GANC identified through the last *Location Update* received by it and includes the TMSI if available. The IMSI of the mobile being paged is always included in the request. +2. The GANC identifies the MS registration context using the IMSI provided by the MSC. It then pages the MS using the GA-RRC PAGING REQUEST message. The message includes the TMSI, if available in the request from the MSC; else it includes only the IMSI of the MS. +3. The MS responds with a GA-RRC PAGING RESPONSE. The MS transitions to the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state. +4. The GANC establishes an SCCP connection to the MSC. The GANC then forwards the paging response to the MSC using the RANAP *Initial UE Message*. Subsequent NAS messages between the MS and core network will be sent between GANC and MSC using the RANAP *Direct Transfer* message. +5. The MSC may optionally authenticate the MS using standard UTRAN authentication procedures. +6. The MSC normally updates the security configuration in the MS, via the GANC, as described in subclause 5.2.5.8. +7. The MSC initiates call setup using the *Setup* message sent to the MS via GANC. GANC forwards this message to the MS in the GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER message. +8. The MS responds with *Call Confirmed* using the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER after checking its compatibility with the bearer service requested in the *Setup* and modifying the bearer service as needed. If the *Setup* included the signal information element, the MS alerts the user using the indicated signal, else the MS alerts the user after the successful configuration of the user plane. The GANC forwards the *Call Confirmed* message to the MSC. +9. The MSC initiates the assignment procedure with the GANC, which triggers the setup of the RTP stream (voice bearer channel) between the GANC and MS, same as steps 8-13 in the MO call scenario described in subclause 5.2.5.10. + +10. The MS signals that it is alerting the user, via the *Alerting* message contained in the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER. The GANC forwards the *Alerting* message to the MSC. The MSC sends a corresponding alerting message to the calling party. +11. The MS signals that the called party has answered, via the *Connect* message contained in the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER. The GANC forwards the *Connect* message to the MSC. The MSC sends a corresponding *Connect* message to the calling party and through connects the audio. The MS connects the user to the audio path. +12. The MSC acknowledges via the *Connect Ack* message to the GANC. GANC forwards this message to the MS in the GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER. The two parties on the call are connected on the audio path. +13. Bi-directional voice traffic flows between the MS and MSC through the GANC. + +#### 5.2.5.12 CS Call Clearing + +Figure 69 shows call clearing initiated by the MS. + +![Sequence diagram for MS initiated CS Call clearing. The diagram shows four messages between the MS, GANC, and MSC. 1. MS sends GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Disconnect) to GANC. 2. GANC sends GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Release) to MS. 3. MS sends GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Release Complete) to GANC. 4. GANC sends GA-RRC Connection Release to MSC.](1314748d1fff41b2d57a8ba9e9687c6a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant MSC + Note left of MS: MS initiates call clearing + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Disconnect) + GANC->>MSC: (Forward Disconnect) + MSC-->>GANC: (Release) + GANC->>MS: 2. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Release) + MS-->>GANC: 3. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Release Complete) + GANC-->>MSC: 4. GA-RRC Connection Release + +``` + +Sequence diagram for MS initiated CS Call clearing. The diagram shows four messages between the MS, GANC, and MSC. 1. MS sends GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Disconnect) to GANC. 2. GANC sends GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Release) to MS. 3. MS sends GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Release Complete) to GANC. 4. GANC sends GA-RRC Connection Release to MSC. + +Figure 69: MS initiated CS Call clearing + +1. The MS sends the *Disconnect* message to the CN to release the call. This message is contained in the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER message between MS and GANC. The GANC forwards the *Disconnect* message to the CN (i.e. using the RANAP *Direct Transfer* message). +2. The CN responds with a *Release* message to the GANC. The GANC forwards this message to the MS using the GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER message. +3. The MS responds with the *Release Complete* message. This message is contained within the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER message between MS and GANC. The GANC forwards the *Disconnect* message to the CN. +4. The CN triggers the release of connection as described in subclause 5.2.5.7.2. + +#### 5.2.5.13 CS Handover + +##### 5.2.5.13.1 CS Handover from GERAN to GAN + +The description of the GERAN to GAN handover procedure assumes the following: + +- the MS is on an active call on the GERAN; and +- its mode selection is GAN-preferred, or if GERAN/UTRAN-preferred, the RxLev from the current serving cell drops below a defined threshold; and +- the MS has successfully registered with a GANC, allowing the MS to obtain GAN system information; and +- the GANC has directed the MS to operate in Iu mode; and +- the GERAN provides information on neighbouring 3G cells such that one of the cells in the 3G neighbour list matches the 3G cell information associated with the GANC, as provided in the AS-related component of the system information obtained from the GANC. + +Error: + +87 + +Error: Reference source not + +![Sequence diagram showing the start of a CS handover from GERAN to GAN. Lifelines: MS (with GAN Registered), GANC, and MSC. The MS sends a message to the MSC, which is labeled '2. Handover Required'.](49fe8fe978c0f7e73112d231feb377eb_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + Note right of MS: GAN Registered + participant GANC + participant MSC + MS->>MSC: + Note right of MSC: 2. Handover Required + MSC->>MSC: +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the start of a CS handover from GERAN to GAN. Lifelines: MS (with GAN Registered), GANC, and MSC. The MS sends a message to the MSC, which is labeled '2. Handover Required'. + +Figure 70: CS Handover from GERAN to GAN + +1. The MS begins to include GAN cell information in the *Measurement Report message* to the GERAN. The MS reports the highest signal level for the GAN cell. This is not the actual measured signal level on GAN, rather an artificial value (i.e. RxLev = 63), allowing the MS to indicate preference for the GAN. +2. Based on MS measurement reports and other internal algorithms, the GERAN BSC decides to handover to the GAN cell. The BSC starts the handover preparation by sending a *Handover Required* message to the CN, identifying the target 3G RNC (GANC). +3. The CN requests the target GANC to allocate resources for the handover using the *Relocation Request* message. The MS is identified by the included IMSI parameter. +4. Since Iu UP support mode is indicated, the GANC sends the Iu UP INITIALIZATION packet to the IP address and UDP port indicated in the *Relocation Request* message. This message is routed to the core network (e.g. the R4 media gateway). +5. The core network responds with the Iu UP INITIALIZATION ACK packet. The core network sends the message to the source IP address and UDP port number of the received INITIALIZATION packet. +6. The GANC builds a *Handover to UTRAN Command* message and sends it to the CN through the *Relocation Request Acknowledge* message. +7. The CN forwards the *Handover to UTRAN Command* message to the GERAN BSC in the BSSMAP *Handover Command* message, completing the handover preparation. + +8. The GERAN BSC sends the *Intersystem to UTRAN Handover Command* message, containing the *Handover to UTRAN Command* message, to the MS to initiate handover to GAN. The MS does not switch its audio path from GERAN to GAN until handover completion (i.e. until it sends the GA-RRC HANDOVER COMPLETE message) to keep the audio interruption short. +9. The MS accesses the GANC using the GA-RRC HANDOVER ACCESS message, and provides the entire *Intersystem to UTRAN Handover Command* message received from GERAN. +10. The GANC sends the GA-RRC ACTIVATE CHANNEL message to the MS including bearer path setup information such as: + - Channel mode. + - Multi-rate codec configuration. + - UDP port and the IP address for the uplink RTP stream. + - Voice sample size. +11. The MS sends the GA-RRC ACTIVATE CHANNEL ACK to the GANC indicating the UDP port for the downlink RTP stream. +12. The GANC signals the completion of the RAB establishment to the MS with the GA-RRC ACTIVATE CHANNEL COMPLETE message. +13. The MS transmits the GA-RRC HANDOVER COMPLETE message to indicate the completion of the handover procedure at its end. It switches the user from the GERAN user plane to the GAN user plane. +14. The GANC indicates to the CN that it has detected the MS, using *Relocation Detect* message. The CN can optionally now switch the user plane from the source GERAN to the target GAN. +15. Bi-directional voice traffic is now flowing between the MS and CN, via GANC. +16. The target GANC indicates the handover is complete, using the *Relocation Complete* message. If it had not done so before, the CN now switches the user plane from source GERAN to target GAN. +17. Finally, the CN tears down the connection to the source GERAN, using *Clear Command* message. +18. The source GERAN confirms the release of GERAN resources allocated for this call, using *Clear Complete* message. + +##### 5.2.5.13.2 CS Handover from UTRAN to GAN + +The description of the UTRAN to GAN Handover procedure assumes the following: + +- the MS is on an active call on the UTRAN; and +- the MS has successfully registered with a GANC, allowing the MS to obtain GAN system information; and +- the GANC has directed the MS to operate in Iu mode; and +- the UTRAN provides information on neighbouring cells such that one of the cells in the neighbour list matches the cell associated with the GANC, as provided in the AS-related component of the system information obtained from GANC. + +Additional description of the prerequisites for UTRAN to GAN handover may be provided by RAN2. + +![Sequence diagram for CS Handover from UTRAN to GAN. Lifelines: MS (with GAN Registered), GANC, RNC, and MSC. The sequence shows 18 steps: 1. MS to RNC: Uu: Measurement Report; 2. RNC to MSC: Relocation Required; 3. MSC to GANC: Relocation Request (IMSI); 4. GANC to MSC: Iu UP: Init; 5. GANC to MSC: Iu UP: Init ck; 6. GANC to MSC: Relocation Request Acknowledge (Physical Channel Reconfiguration); 7. MSC to RNC: Relocation Command (Physical Channel Reconfiguration); 8. RNC to MS: Uu: Physical Channel Reconfiguration; 9. MS to GANC: GA-RRC HANDOVER ACCESS; 10. MS to GANC: GA-RRC ACTIV E CHANNEL; 11. GANC to MS: GA-RRC ACTIV E CHANNEL CK; 12. MS to GANC: GA-RRC ACTIV E CHANNEL COMPLETE; 13. MS to GANC: GA-RRC HANDOVER COMPLETE; 14. GANC to MSC: Relocation Detect; 15. MSC to MS: Voice traffic; 16. GANC to MSC: Relocation Complete; 17. MSC to RNC: Iu Release Command; 18. RNC to MSC: Iu Release Complete.](28f2f470a7b2446ae5f525123534383c_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram for CS Handover from UTRAN to GAN. Lifelines: MS (with GAN Registered), GANC, RNC, and MSC. The sequence shows 18 steps: 1. MS to RNC: Uu: Measurement Report; 2. RNC to MSC: Relocation Required; 3. MSC to GANC: Relocation Request (IMSI); 4. GANC to MSC: Iu UP: Init; 5. GANC to MSC: Iu UP: Init ck; 6. GANC to MSC: Relocation Request Acknowledge (Physical Channel Reconfiguration); 7. MSC to RNC: Relocation Command (Physical Channel Reconfiguration); 8. RNC to MS: Uu: Physical Channel Reconfiguration; 9. MS to GANC: GA-RRC HANDOVER ACCESS; 10. MS to GANC: GA-RRC ACTIV E CHANNEL; 11. GANC to MS: GA-RRC ACTIV E CHANNEL CK; 12. MS to GANC: GA-RRC ACTIV E CHANNEL COMPLETE; 13. MS to GANC: GA-RRC HANDOVER COMPLETE; 14. GANC to MSC: Relocation Detect; 15. MSC to MS: Voice traffic; 16. GANC to MSC: Relocation Complete; 17. MSC to RNC: Iu Release Command; 18. RNC to MSC: Iu Release Complete. + +**Figure 71: CS Handover from UTRAN to GAN** + +1. The MS begins to include information about a GAN cell in the *Measurement Report* message sent to the RNC. The MS reports the highest signal level for the GAN cell. This is not the actual measured signal level on the GAN, rather an artificial value allowing the MS to indicate preference for the GAN. +2. Based on MS measurement reports and other internal algorithms, the RNC decides to initiate handover to the GAN cell. The RNC starts the preparation phase of the Relocation procedure by sending a *Relocation Required* message to the MSC, identifying the target (EGAN) cell. +- 3-5. Same as steps 3-5 for GERAN to GAN Handover in subclause 5.2.5.13.1. +6. The target GANC acknowledges the handover request message, using *Relocation Request Acknowledge* message, indicating it can support the requested handover, and including a *Physical Channel Reconfiguration* message that indicates the radio channel to which the MS should be directed. +7. The MSC sends the *Relocation Command* message to the RNC, completing the relocation preparation. +8. The RNC sends the *PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION* message to the MS to initiate handover to GAN. The MS does not switch its audio path from UTRAN to GAN until handover completion (i.e. until it sends the GA-RRC HANDOVER COMPLETE message) to keep the audio interruption short. +- 9-16. Same as steps 9-16 for GERAN to GAN Handover in subclause 5.2.5.13.1. + +- 17. Finally, the MSC tears down the connection to the source RNC, using *Iu Release Command*. +- 18. The source RNC confirms the release of UTRAN resources allocated for this call, using *Iu Release Complete*. + +##### 5.2.5.13.3 CS Handover from GAN to GERAN + +The procedure description in this subclause assumes the following: + +- the MS is on an active call in GAN Iu-mode; and +- the GERAN becomes available; and +- the MS mode selection is GERAN/UTRAN-preferred; or +- the MS mode selection is GAN-preferred and the MS begins to leave GAN coverage, based on its local measurements, received RTCP reports, as well as any uplink quality indications received from the GANC. + +The handover from GAN to GERAN procedure is always triggered by the MS. + +![Sequence diagram for CS Handover from GAN to GERAN. Lifelines: MS, GANC, BSC, CN. The MS has an 'Ongoing GAN CS connection'. A dashed arrow points from the GANC to the MS. A solid arrow labeled '3. Relocation Required' points from the GANC to the CN.](223c6f5bda05ffdd254a828a148b53f1_img.jpg) + +The diagram is a sequence diagram illustrating the CS Handover from GAN to GERAN. It features four lifelines: MS (Mobile Station), GANC (GAN Controller), BSC (Base Station Controller), and CN (Core Network). The MS lifeline has a box labeled 'Ongoing GAN CS connection'. A dashed arrow points from the GANC lifeline to the MS lifeline. A solid arrow labeled '3. Relocation Required' points from the GANC lifeline to the CN lifeline. The BSC lifeline is present but not involved in this specific sequence of messages. + +Sequence diagram for CS Handover from GAN to GERAN. Lifelines: MS, GANC, BSC, CN. The MS has an 'Ongoing GAN CS connection'. A dashed arrow points from the GANC to the MS. A solid arrow labeled '3. Relocation Required' points from the GANC to the CN. + +Figure 72: CS Handover from GAN to GERAN + +1. The GANC may send a GA-RRC UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION if there is a problem with the uplink quality for the ongoing call. Uplink Quality Indication is information sent by the GANC to the MS indicating the crossing of a uplink quality threshold in the uplink direction. Whenever the MS receives an indication of bad quality, it should start the handover procedure, as described in the next step. Alternatively, MS can use its local measurements or received RTCP reports, to decide to initiate the handover procedure. +2. The MS sends the GA-RRC HANDOVER INFORMATION message to the GANC indicating the Channel Mode and a list of target GERAN cells, identified by CGI, in order of preference (e.g. ranked by C1 path loss parameter) for handover, and includes the received signal strength for each identified GERAN cell. This list is the most recent information available from the GSM RR subsystem. In addition, the GA-RRC HANDOVER INFORMATION message may include a list of target UTRAN cells ranked in order of preference for handover, and the received signal strength for each identified UTRAN cell. +3. If the Serving GANC selects a target GERAN cell, the handover to GERAN procedure is performed. The Serving GANC starts the handover preparation by signalling to the MSC the need for handover, using *Relocation Required*, and including the GERAN cell list provided by the MS. The GANC may include only a subset of the cell list provided by the MS. +4. The MSC selects a target GERAN cell and requests it to allocate the necessary resources, using *Handover Request*. +5. The target GERAN builds a *Handover Command* message providing information on the channel allocated and sends it to the MSC through the *Handover Request Acknowledge* message. +6. The MSC signals the GANC to handover the MS to the GERAN, using *Relocation Command* message, ending the handover preparation phase. +7. GANC transmits the GA-RRC HANDOVER COMMAND to the MS including the details sent by the GERAN on the target resource allocation. +8. The MS transmits the *Um: Handover Access* containing the handover reference element to allow the target GERAN to correlate this handover access with the *Handover Command* message transmitted earlier to the MSC in response to the *Handover Required*. +9. The target GERAN confirms the detection of the handover to the MSC, using the *Handover Detect* message. +10. The MSC may at this point switch the user plane to the target BSS. +11. The GERAN provides *Physical Information* to the MS (i.e. *Timing Advance*) to allow the MS to synchronize with the GERAN. +12. The MS signals to the GERAN that the handover is completed, using *Handover Complete*. +13. The GERAN confirms to the MSC the completion of the handover, via *Handover Complete* message. The MSC may use the target CGI used in the Handover procedure for charging purposes. +14. Bi-directional voice traffic is now flowing between the MS and MSC, via the GERAN. +15. On receiving the confirmation of the completion of the handover, the MSC indicates to the GANC to release any resources allocated to the MS, via the *Iu Release Command*. +16. GANC commands the MS to release resources, using the GA-RRC RELEASE message. +17. GANC confirms resource release to MSC using the *Iu Release Complete* message. +18. The MS confirms resource release to the GANC using the GA-RRC RELEASE COMPLETE message. +19. The MS may finally deregister from the GANC, using GA-RC DEREGISTER message. + +##### 5.2.5.13.4 CS Handover from GAN to UTRAN + +The procedure description in this subclause assumes the following: + +- the MS is on an active call in GAN Iu-mode; and +- the MS is capable of operating in all of the GAN, GERAN and UTRAN modes; and + +- the UTRAN becomes available; and +- the MS is in GERAN/UTRAN-preferred mode; or +- the MS mode selection is GAN preferred and begins to leave GAN coverage, based on its local measurements, received RTCP reports, as well as any uplink quality indications received from the GANC. + +The handover from GAN procedure is always triggered by the MS. + +Additional description of the prerequisites for GAN to UTRAN handover may be provided by RAN2. + +![Sequence diagram for CS Handover from GAN to UTRAN. Lifelines: MS, GANC, RNC, CN. The diagram shows the flow of messages between these entities during a handover procedure. The MS has an 'Ongoing GAN CS connection'. The sequence of messages is: 1. GA-RRC UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION (dashed arrow from GANC to MS); 2. GA-RRC HANDOVER INFORMATION (solid arrow from MS to GANC); 3. Relocation Required (solid arrow from GANC to CN); 4. Uu: UL Synchronization (solid arrow from RNC to CN).](4540c7355b250cb891be0b54b0ba25c7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant RNC + participant CN + Note left of MS: Ongoing GAN CS connection + GANC-->>MS: 1. GA-RRC UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION + MS->>GANC: 2. GA-RRC HANDOVER INFORMATION + GANC->>CN: 3. Relocation Required + RNC->>CN: 4. Uu: UL Synchronization + +``` + +Sequence diagram for CS Handover from GAN to UTRAN. Lifelines: MS, GANC, RNC, CN. The diagram shows the flow of messages between these entities during a handover procedure. The MS has an 'Ongoing GAN CS connection'. The sequence of messages is: 1. GA-RRC UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION (dashed arrow from GANC to MS); 2. GA-RRC HANDOVER INFORMATION (solid arrow from MS to GANC); 3. Relocation Required (solid arrow from GANC to CN); 4. Uu: UL Synchronization (solid arrow from RNC to CN). + +**Figure 73: CS Handover from GAN to UTRAN** + +1. The GANC may send a GA-RRC UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION if there is a problem with the uplink quality for the ongoing call. Uplink Quality Indication is information sent by the GANC to the MS indicating the crossing of a uplink quality threshold in the uplink direction. Whenever the MS receives an indication of bad quality, it should start the handover procedure, as described in the next step. Alternatively, MS can use its local measurements or received RTCP reports, to decide to initiate the handover procedure. +2. The MS sends the GA-RRC HANDOVER INFORMATION message to the Serving GANC indicating the Channel Mode and a list of candidate target UTRAN and GERAN cells, in order of preference for handover, and includes the received signal strength for each identified cell. The UTRAN cells are identified by the PLMN ID, the LAC and the 3G Cell identity (defined in 3GPP TS 25.331 [23]). + +NOTE: The choice of the candidate target UTRAN cells is out of the scope of this technical specification. + +3. If the Serving GANC selects UTRAN as the target RAT, the handover to UTRAN procedure is performed. The Serving GANC starts the handover preparation by signalling to the MSC the need for handover, using *Relocation Required* and including the UTRAN cell list provided by the MS. The GANC may include only a subset of the cell list provided by the MS. +4. The MSC starts the handover procedure towards the target RNC identified by the Serving GANC. The MSC requests from the target RNC to allocate the necessary resources using *Relocation Request*. +5. The target RNC builds a *Physical Channel Reconfiguration* message providing information on the allocated UTRAN resources and sends it to the MSC through the *Relocation Request Acknowledge* message. +6. The MSC signals the Serving GANC to handover the MS to the UTRAN, using *Relocation Command* message (which includes the *Physical Channel Reconfiguration* message), ending the handover preparation phase. +7. The Serving GANC transmits the GA-RRC HANDOVER COMMAND to the MS including the details sent by the UTRAN on the target resource allocation. +8. Target RNS achieves uplink synchronization on the Uu interface. +9. The target RNC confirms the detection of the handover to the MSC, using the *Relocation Detect* message. +10. The MSC may at this point switch the user plane to the target RNS. +11. The MS signals to the UTRAN that the handover is completed, using *Handover to UTRAN Complete*. +12. The UTRAN confirms to the MSC the completion of the handover, via *Relocation Complete* message. If the user plane has not been switched in step 10, the MSC switches the user plane to the target RNS. +13. Bi-directional voice traffic is now flowing between the MS and MSC, via the UTRAN. +14. On receiving the confirmation of the completion of the handover, the MSC indicates to the Serving GANC to release any resources allocated to the MS, via the *Iu Release Command*. +15. The Serving GANC commands the MS to release resources, using the GA-RRC RELEASE message. +16. The Serving GANC confirms resource release to MSC using the *Iu Release Complete* message. +17. The MS confirms resource release to the Serving GANC using the GA-RRC RELEASE COMPLETE message. +18. The MS may finally deregister from the Serving GANC, using GA-RC DEREGISTER message. + +5.2.5.14 Void + +5.2.5.15 Void + +5.2.5.16 Void + +#### 5.2.5.17 GA-RRC Packet Transport Channel Management Procedures + +The GA-RRC Packet Transport Channel (GA-RRC PTC) provides the association between the MS and the network for the transport of GPRS user data over the Up interface (i.e. via the GAN in Iu-mode). + +The PTC uses the GTP-U G-PDU message format running over UDP transport. The endpoint addresses of the PTC are identified by the IP addresses and UDP ports assigned to the PTC in the MS and network during the PTC activation procedure. The UDP port number for GTP-U is as defined in 3GPP TS 29.060 [5]. + +Multiple PTC instances between a MS and the network may be activated at the same time, using the same endpoint addresses. Each PTC instance is assigned unique GTP-U Tunnel Endpoint IDs (one on the MS and one on the network) during the activation procedure. + +The MS and GANC manage the activation and deactivation of the PTC instances based on the requests for data transfer and the configurable PTC Timer. + +##### 5.2.5.17.1 States of the GA-RRC Packet Transport Channel + +The MS in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state can be in one of two PTC substates for each PTC: PTC-STANDBY or PTC-ACTIVE. + +- **PTC-STANDBY:** This is the initial/default PTC substate of the MS when in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state in GAN mode. The MS is not able to send or receive GPRS user data to or from the network using the PTC. The MS needs to activate the PTC before sending any GPRS user data via the PTC. When the MS successfully establishes a PTC, the MS transitions to the PTC-ACTIVE substate. +- **PTC-ACTIVE:** The MS is in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state and the PTC is active between the MS and the network and the MS is able to send and receive GPRS user data to and from the network. + +The following are the possible triggers for GA-RRC PTC activation on the MS side: + +- The MS initiates the uplink user data transfer. +- The GANC initiates PTC activation; i.e. the MS receives a GA-RRC-ACTIVATE-PTC-REQUEST message from the GANC. The receipt of downlink data from the SGSN would be a trigger for GANC-initiated PTC activation. + +On successful PTC activation and in parallel with transition to the PTC-ACTIVE substate, the MS starts the PTC Timer. When the PTC Timer expires, the MS sends a message to the GANC to initiate PTC deactivation. On successful PTC deactivation, the MS transitions to the PTC-STANDBY substate. + +At any time while in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state and the PTC-ACTIVE substate, the MS may receive the GA-RRC RELEASE message. In addition to requesting release of the GA-RRC session, this is interpreted by the MS as an implicit PTC deactivate command. + +At any time while in GAN mode, if the serving RR entity is switched to GSM-RR/UTRAN-RRC, the GA-PSR is disconnected from the GPRS SAPs and the MS enters GERAN/UTRAN mode. Simultaneously, the MS will release the associated PTC regardless of the PTC Timer status. + +The MS GA-PSR entity maintains one PTC for each active PDP context. The PTC Timer is restarted whenever any uplink user data packet is sent or downlink user data packet is received related to the PDP context. + +The PTC Timer value is provided to the MS as part of the GAN Registration procedure (i.e. in the GA-RC REGISTER ACCEPT message). + +##### 5.2.5.17.2 PTC Initial Activation + +The following figure depicts the Packet Transport Channel initial activation procedure, assuming the MS is in the GA-RRc-IDLE state. + +![Sequence diagram of PTC initial activation procedure between MS, GANC, and SGSN.](107cbeda15ddd53da92c2f677b441c93_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant SGSN + + Note left of MS: GA-RRc-IDLE state + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-RRc Connection Establishment + Note left of MS: GA-RRc-CONNECTED PTC-STANDBY + Note over MS,GANC: 2. Additional PS signalling procedures + SGSN->>GANC: 3. RAB assignment Request (RAB-ID, CN EID, CN IP address) + GANC->>MS: 4. GA-RRc CTIV E PTC REQUEST (RAB-ID, MS EID, CN EID, GANC-PTC IP address) + MS->>GANC: 5. GA-RRc CTIV E PTC CK (RAB-ID) + GANC->>SGSN: 6. RAB assignment Response (RAB-ID, MS EID, GANC-IuPS IP address) + GANC->>MS: 7. GA-RRc CTIV E PTC COMPLETE + Note left of MS: GA-RRc-CONNECTED PTC-ACTIVE + Note over MS,GANC: 8. Additional PS signalling procedures + MS->>GANC: 9. GA-RRc G-PDU (CN EID, payload) + GANC->>SGSN: 9. Iu-PS G-PDU (CN EID, payload) + GANC->>MS: 10. GA-RRc G-PDU (MS EID, payload) + SGSN->>GANC: 10. Iu-PS G-PDU (MS EID, payload) + Note left of MS: ... + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of messages for PTC initial activation. It starts with the MS sending a GA-RRc Connection Establishment message to the GANC. The GANC responds, and the MS transitions to the GA-RRc-CONNECTED PTC-STANDBY state. Next, the SGSN sends a RAB assignment Request to the GANC. The GANC then sends a GA-RRc CTIV E PTC REQUEST to the MS. The MS acknowledges with a GA-RRc CTIV E PTC CK. The GANC sends a RAB assignment Response to the SGSN. The GANC then sends a GA-RRc CTIV E PTC COMPLETE to the MS, which transitions to the GA-RRc-CONNECTED PTC-ACTIVE state. Finally, additional PS signalling procedures are performed, and data packets (G-PDU) are exchanged between the MS and the GANC, which are then forwarded to the SGSN. + +Sequence diagram of PTC initial activation procedure between MS, GANC, and SGSN. + +Figure 74: PTC initial activation + +1. The GA-RRc Connection Establishment procedure is performed as described in subclause 5.2.5.7. The MS transitions to the GA-RRc-CONNECTED state and the PTC-STANDBY substate. +2. Additional PS signalling procedures are performed; examples are illustrated in subclauses 5.2.5.18 and 5.2.5.19. +3. The SGSN initiates the RAB Assignment procedure and includes the RAB-ID, the CN Transport Layer Address (IP address) and the CN Iu Transport Association (GTP-U Terminal Endpoint Identifier, TEID) for user data. +4. The GANC sends the GA-RRc ACTIVATE PTC REQUEST message to the MS to request activation of the Packet Transport Channel. The message includes the RAB-ID, a TEID that the GANC assigns to the MS ("MS TEID" in the figure), the GANC PTC IP Address (i.e. the destination address for PTC packets from the MS) and the CN TEID received in step 3. +5. The MS acknowledges the PTC activation. +6. The GANC sends the RAB Assignment Response message to the SGSN to complete the RAB Assignment procedure. The GANC includes the RAB-ID, the RAN Transport Layer Address (i.e. the GANC's Iu-PS IP address) and the RAN Iu Transport Association (i.e. the TEID that the GANC assigned to the MS). +7. The GANC signals the completion of the RAB establishment to the MS with the GA-RRc ACTIVATE PTC COMPLETE message. On receipt of the message, the MS transitions to the PTC-ACTIVE substate and starts the PTC Timer. + +8. Additional PS signalling procedures are performed; examples are illustrated in subclauses 5.2.5.18 and 5.2.5.19. +9. The MS transfers uplink user data by sending a GA-RRC G-PDU message to the GANC PTC IP address received in step 4. The message includes the CN TEID received in step 4. The GANC relays the message to the SGSN in the Iu-PS G-PDU message. +10. The SGSN transfers downlink user data by sending a Iu-PS G-PDU message to the GANC Iu-PS IP address received in step 6. The message includes the MS TEID received in step 6. The GANC relays the message to the MS in the GA-RRC G-PDU message. + +##### 5.2.5.17.3 PTC Data Transfer + +Figure 75 illustrates the transfer of GPRS user data packets via the GAN Packet Transport Channel. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating PTC Data Transfer between MS, GANC, and SGSN.](97b3ed12d7f6c65cf3f7187326728409_img.jpg) + +The diagram is a sequence diagram showing the interaction between three entities: MS (Mobile Station), GANC (GAN Controller), and SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node). The sequence of messages is as follows: + +1. **PTC Establishment:** A message is sent from the MS to the SGSN via the GANC. +2. **GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-ACTIVE:** The MS enters this state. +3. **Uplink Data Transfer:** The MS sends a **GA-RRC G-PDU (CN TEID, payload)** to the GANC, which then relays it as a **Iu-PS G-PDU (CN TEID, payload)** to the SGSN. Upon sending the GA-RRC G-PDU, the MS restarts the PTC timer. +4. **Downlink Data Transfer:** The SGSN sends a **Iu-PS G-PDU (MS TEID, payload)** to the GANC, which relays it as a **GA-RRC G-PDU (MS TEID, payload)** to the MS. Upon receiving the GA-RRC G-PDU, the MS restarts the PTC timer. +5. **Ellipsis:** Vertical ellipsis indicates further messages. + +Sequence diagram illustrating PTC Data Transfer between MS, GANC, and SGSN. + +**Figure 75: PTC Data Transfer** + +1. If required, the GAN PTC is established as specified in subclause 5.2.5.17.2. Upon the GA-RRC PTC establishment, the MS enters the PTC-ACTIVE substate and starts the PTC Timer. +2. The MS transfers uplink user data by sending a GA-RRC G-PDU message to the GANC and restarts the PTC Timer. The GANC relays the message to the SGSN in the Iu-PS G-PDU message. +3. The SGSN transfers downlink user data by sending a Iu-PS G-PDU message to the GANC. The GANC relays the message to the MS in the GA-RRC G-PDU message. On receipt of the message, the MS restarts the PTC Timer. + +##### 5.2.5.17.4 MS initiated PTC Deactivation + +Figure 76 depicts the scenario when the MS deactivates the Packet Transport Channel after the PTC Timer expires. + +![Sequence diagram for MS initiated PTC Deactivation](796d2e601722450d6456085e0a801e1e_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant SGSN + + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED +PTC-ACTIVE + Note left of MS: 1. PTC timer expires + MS->>GANC: 2. GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC REQUEST (RAB-ID, Cause) + GANC->>SGSN: 3. RAB Release Request (RAB-ID, Cause) + SGSN->>GANC: 4. RAB assignment Request (RAB-ID, Release) + GANC->>MS: 5. GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC ACK (RAB-ID) + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED +PTC-STANDBY + GANC->>SGSN: 6. RAB assignment Response (RAB-ID) +``` + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of messages for MS initiated PTC Deactivation. It starts with the MS in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state and PTC-ACTIVE substate. When the PTC timer expires, the MS sends a GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC REQUEST message to the GANC. The GANC then sends a RAB Release Request to the SGSN. The SGSN responds with a RAB assignment Request indicating release. The GANC then sends a GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC ACK message to the MS, causing it to transition to the PTC-STANDBY substate. Finally, the GANC sends a RAB assignment Response to the SGSN. + +Sequence diagram for MS initiated PTC Deactivation + +**Figure 76: MS initiated PTC deactivation** + +The MS is in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state and the PTC-ACTIVE substate. + +1. The PTC Timer associated with one of the active packet transport channels expires. +2. The MS sends the GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC REQUEST message to the GANC, including the RAB-ID to identify the PTC and indicating the normal release as a cause for deactivation. +3. The GANC sends a RAB Release Request message to the SGSN to request the release of the associated RAB. +4. The SGSN responds with the RAB Assignment Request indicating release. +5. The GANC responds to the MS with a GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC ACK message to acknowledge successful deactivation. The MS transitions to the PTC-STANDBY substate. +6. The GANC sends the RAB Assignment Response message to notify the SGSN that the RAB Release procedure is complete. + +##### 5.2.5.17.5 MS initiated PTC Re-activation + +Figure 77 depicts the scenario when the MS initiates re-activation of the Packet Transport Channel while in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED and PMM-CONNECTED states; e.g. a PS signalling connection and active PDP context exists between the MS and CN but the PTC was previously deactivated by the MS due to PTC Timer expiry. + +![Sequence diagram for MS initiated PTC re-activation. The diagram shows three entities: MS, GANC, and SGSN. The MS starts in GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-STANDBY state. It sends a Service Request (Data) to GANC via GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER. GANC forwards it to SGSN via Direct transfer (Service Request=Data). SGSN may initiate Security Mode Control. GANC receives RAB Direct transfer (Service accept) from SGSN and forwards it to MS via GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER. This leads to Packet transport Channel (PTC) establishment. MS transitions to GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-ACTIVE state. Finally, MS sends GA-RRC G-PDU (CN EID, payload) to GANC, which relays it to SGSN via lu-PS G-PDU (CN EID, payload).](e60c2d24a97a2855d98671d27ea43d0f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant SGSN + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED +PTC-STANDBY + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Service Request=Data) + GANC->>SGSN: 2. Direct transfer (Service Request=Data) + Note right of SGSN: 3. Security Mode Control + SGSN->>GANC: 4. RAB Direct transfer (Service accept) + GANC->>MS: 5. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Service accept) + Note right of GANC: 6. Packet transport Channel (PTC) establishment + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED +PTC-ACTIVE + MS->>GANC: 7. GA-RRC G-PDU (CN EID, payload) + GANC->>SGSN: 7. lu-PS G-PDU (CN EID, payload) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for MS initiated PTC re-activation. The diagram shows three entities: MS, GANC, and SGSN. The MS starts in GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-STANDBY state. It sends a Service Request (Data) to GANC via GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER. GANC forwards it to SGSN via Direct transfer (Service Request=Data). SGSN may initiate Security Mode Control. GANC receives RAB Direct transfer (Service accept) from SGSN and forwards it to MS via GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER. This leads to Packet transport Channel (PTC) establishment. MS transitions to GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-ACTIVE state. Finally, MS sends GA-RRC G-PDU (CN EID, payload) to GANC, which relays it to SGSN via lu-PS G-PDU (CN EID, payload). + +**Figure 77: MS initiated PTC re-activation** + +The MS is in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state and the PTC-STANDBY substate. The MS is in the PMM-CONNECTED state (i.e. a PS signalling connection and an active PDP context exists). + +1. The MS has a PDU to send. The MS sends the *Service Request* message (with Service type value "Data") to the GANC in the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER message. +2. The GANC forwards the Service Request over the existing signalling connection to the SGSN using the RANAP *Direct Transfer* message. +3. The SGSN may optionally initiate the Security Mode Control procedure described in subclause 5.2.5.8. +4. The SGSN responds with a Service Accept message. +5. The GANC forwards the message to the MS. +6. The MS, GANC and SGSN establish the GA-RRC Packet Transport Channel (PTC) as described in steps 3-7 in subclause 5.2.5.17.2. The MS transitions to the PTC-ACTIVE substate and starts the PTC Timer. +7. The MS transfers the uplink user data by sending a GA-RRC G-PDU message to the GANC and starts the PTC Timer. The GANC relays the message to the SGSN in the lu-PS G-PDU message. Additional data transfer may take place. + +##### 5.2.5.17.6 Network initiated PTC De-activation + +Figure 78 depicts the scenario when the network initiates de-activation of the Packet Transport Channel. + +![Sequence diagram for Network initiated PTC De-activation. The diagram shows three lifelines: MS, GANC, and SGSN. The MS starts in GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-ACTIVE state. The GANC sends a 1. RAB Release Request (RAB-ID, Cause) to the SGSN. The SGSN responds with 2. RAB Assignment Request (RAB-ID, Release) to the GANC. The GANC then sends 3. GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC REQUEST (RAB-ID, Cause) to the MS. The MS transitions to GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-STANDBY state and sends 4. GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC ACK (RAB-ID) back to the GANC. Finally, the GANC sends 5. RAB Assignment Response (RAB-ID) to the SGSN.](67c5b121b58d497a6de5addf4e7bd555_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant SGSN + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED +PTC-ACTIVE + GANC->>SGSN: 1. RAB Release Request (RAB-ID, Cause) + SGSN-->>GANC: 2. RAB Assignment Request (RAB-ID, Release) + GANC->>MS: 3. GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC REQUEST (RAB-ID, Cause) + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED +PTC-STANDBY + MS->>GANC: 4. GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC ACK (RAB-ID) + GANC->>SGSN: 5. RAB Assignment Response (RAB-ID) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Network initiated PTC De-activation. The diagram shows three lifelines: MS, GANC, and SGSN. The MS starts in GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-ACTIVE state. The GANC sends a 1. RAB Release Request (RAB-ID, Cause) to the SGSN. The SGSN responds with 2. RAB Assignment Request (RAB-ID, Release) to the GANC. The GANC then sends 3. GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC REQUEST (RAB-ID, Cause) to the MS. The MS transitions to GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-STANDBY state and sends 4. GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC ACK (RAB-ID) back to the GANC. Finally, the GANC sends 5. RAB Assignment Response (RAB-ID) to the SGSN. + +**Figure 78: Network initiated PTC de-activation** + +The MS is in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state and the PTC-ACTIVE substate. + +1. Optionally, the GANC may initiate the PTC de-activation procedure; e.g. as a result of an error handling procedure. If so, the GANC sends the RAB Release Request message to the SGSN. +2. The SGSN sends a RAB Assignment Request to request the release of the associated RAB. The release request may include one or more RABs. +3. The GANC requests deactivation of the associated GA-RRC PTC by sending the GA-RRC DEACTIVATE PTC REQUEST message to the MS. +4. The MS transitions to the PTC-STANDBY substate, stops the PTC Timer and sends the acknowledgment back to the GANC. Steps 3 and 4 are repeated for each additional RAB/PTC that needs to be released. +5. The GANC notifies the SGSN that the release was successful. + +##### 5.2.5.17.7 Network initiated PTC Re-activation + +Figure 79 depicts the scenario when the network initiates re-activation of the Packet Transport Channel while the MS is in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED and PMM-CONNECTED states; e.g. a PS signalling connection and active PDP context exists between the MS and CN but the PTC was previously deactivated. + +![Sequence diagram for Network initiated PTC Re-activation. The diagram shows three lifelines: MS, GANC, and SGSN. The MS starts in GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-STANDBY state. The GANC sends 1. Security Mode Control to the MS. The GANC then sends 2. Packet Transport Channel (PTC) establishment to the MS. The MS transitions to GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-ACTIVE state. Finally, the MS sends 3. GA-RRC G-PDU (MS EID, payload) to the GANC, and the GANC forwards it as 3. IU-PS G-PDU (MS EID, payload) to the SGSN.](cdd0f1dd36631f2c4b17d7ca0f174d80_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant SGSN + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED +PTC-STANDBY + GANC->>MS: 1. Security Mode Control + GANC->>MS: 2. Packet Transport Channel (PTC) establishment + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED +PTC-ACTIVE + MS->>GANC: 3. GA-RRC G-PDU (MS EID, payload) + GANC->>SGSN: 3. IU-PS G-PDU (MS EID, payload) + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Network initiated PTC Re-activation. The diagram shows three lifelines: MS, GANC, and SGSN. The MS starts in GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-STANDBY state. The GANC sends 1. Security Mode Control to the MS. The GANC then sends 2. Packet Transport Channel (PTC) establishment to the MS. The MS transitions to GA-RRC-CONNECTED PTC-ACTIVE state. Finally, the MS sends 3. GA-RRC G-PDU (MS EID, payload) to the GANC, and the GANC forwards it as 3. IU-PS G-PDU (MS EID, payload) to the SGSN. + +**Figure 79: Network initiated PTC re-activation** + +The MS is in the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state and the PTC-STANDBY substate. The MS is in the PMM-CONNECTED state (i.e. a PS signalling connection and an active PDP context exists). + +1. The SGSN has a PDU to send to the MS. The SGSN may optionally initiate the Security Mode Control procedure described in subclause 5.2.5.8. +2. The MS, GANC and SGSN establish the GA-RRC Packet Transport Channel (PTC) as described in steps 3-7 in subclause 5.2.5.17.2. The MS transitions to the PTC-ACTIVE substate and starts the PTC Timer. +3. The SGSN sends the downlink PDU. Additional data transfer may take place. + +##### 5.2.5.17.8 Implicit PTC De-activation due to MS De-registration + +As part of the GAN de-registration procedure, the GANC needs to release all resources allocated to the MS. GAN de-registration may be initiated either explicitly by the MS or implicitly by the GANC if the loss of the signalling connection is detected (as described in subclause 8.5.4.2). + +![Sequence diagram illustrating Implicit PTC De-activation due to MS De-registration. The diagram shows interactions between MS, GANC, and CN. The sequence is: 1. GA-RRC DEREGISTER (Cause) from MS to GANC; 2. Release CS domain resources from GANC to CN; 3. Iu Release Request from GANC to CN; 4. Iu Release Command from CN to GANC; 5. Deactivate all MS PTCs (internal GANC action); 6. Iu Release Complete from GANC to CN.](df935fc9efbd024af4ba77e46bb0bb19_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant CN + Note left of GANC: 5. Deactivate all MS PTCs + MS-->>GANC: 1. GA-RRC DEREGISTER (Cause) + GANC-->>CN: 2. Release CS domain resources + GANC->>CN: 3. Iu Release Request + CN->>GANC: 4. Iu Release Command + GANC->>CN: 6. Iu Release Complete +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating Implicit PTC De-activation due to MS De-registration. The diagram shows interactions between MS, GANC, and CN. The sequence is: 1. GA-RRC DEREGISTER (Cause) from MS to GANC; 2. Release CS domain resources from GANC to CN; 3. Iu Release Request from GANC to CN; 4. Iu Release Command from CN to GANC; 5. Deactivate all MS PTCs (internal GANC action); 6. Iu Release Complete from GANC to CN. + +Figure 80: Implicit PTC deactivation + +Initially, one or more GA-RRC PTCs associated with a MS are in the PTC-ACTIVE state. + +1. The GAN de-registration procedure is initiated for the MS either by the MS or GANC. +2. Optionally, any outstanding resources associated with the CS Domain are released. +3. Optionally, if there are any outstanding resources associated with the PS Domain, the GANC initiates the Iu release procedure to the SGSN to release the corresponding RABs. +4. The SGSN responds with Iu Release Command. +5. Upon receiving the Iu Release Command, the GANC locally deactivates all associated PTCs; and +6. ...responds to the SGSN with an Iu Release Complete message. + +#### 5.2.5.18 PDP Context Activation + +Figure 81 illustrates the successful MS-initiated PDP Context Activation procedure, assuming the MS is in GA-RRC-IDLE state. + +![Sequence diagram of MS-initiated PDP Context Activation procedure. The diagram shows interactions between MS, GANC, and SGSN. The MS sends a GA-RRC Connection Establishment to the GANC. The GANC then receives a GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Service Request=Signalling) from the MS and forwards it to the SGSN as an Initial UE Message. The SGSN performs Authentication and Security Mode Control. The GANC then sends a GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Service accept) to the MS. The MS sends a GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context Request) to the GANC, which is forwarded to the SGSN. The SGSN performs Packet transport Channel (PTC) establishment and sends a GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context accept) to the GANC, which is forwarded to the MS. Finally, PS user data transfer using PTC begins between the MS and the SGSN via the GANC.](ff87509cc2b267501d910a2d9f9054ac_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant SGSN + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-IDLE state + MS->>GANC: 1. GA-RRC Connection Establishment + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED + MS->>GANC: 2. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Service Request=Signalling) + GANC->>SGSN: 3. Initial UE Message (Domain Indicator, Service Request=Signalling) + Note right of SGSN: 4. Authentication + Note right of SGSN: 5. Security Mode Control + SGSN->>GANC: 6. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Service accept) + GANC->>MS: 6. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Service accept) + MS->>GANC: 7. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context Request) + GANC->>SGSN: 7. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context Request) + Note right of SGSN: 8. Packet transport Channel (PTC) establishment + SGSN->>GANC: 9. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context accept) + GANC->>MS: 9. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context accept) + Note right of SGSN: 10. PS user data transfer using PTC + Note left of MS: 10. PS user data transfer using PTC + +``` + +Sequence diagram of MS-initiated PDP Context Activation procedure. The diagram shows interactions between MS, GANC, and SGSN. The MS sends a GA-RRC Connection Establishment to the GANC. The GANC then receives a GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Service Request=Signalling) from the MS and forwards it to the SGSN as an Initial UE Message. The SGSN performs Authentication and Security Mode Control. The GANC then sends a GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Service accept) to the MS. The MS sends a GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context Request) to the GANC, which is forwarded to the SGSN. The SGSN performs Packet transport Channel (PTC) establishment and sends a GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context accept) to the GANC, which is forwarded to the MS. Finally, PS user data transfer using PTC begins between the MS and the SGSN via the GANC. + +Figure 81: PDP Context Activation + +1. The GA-RRC Connection Establishment procedure is performed as described in subclause 5.2.5.14.1. +2. The MS sends the *Service Request* message (with Service type value "Signalling") to the GANC within the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER message. +3. The GANC establishes an SCCP connection to the SGSN and forwards the *Service Request* message to the SGSN using the RANAP *Initial UE Message*. Subsequent NAS messages between the MS and core network will be sent between GANC and SGSN using the RANAP *Direct Transfer* message. +4. The SGSN may optionally authenticate the MS using standard UTRAN authentication procedures. +5. The SGSN normally initiates the Security Mode Control procedure described in subclause 5.2.5.8. +6. The SGSN responds with a Service Accept message. The GANC forwards the message to the MS. +7. The MS sends the *Activate PDP Context Request* message providing details on the PDP context to the SGSN. This message is contained within the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER between the MS and the GANC. The GANC forwards the *Activate PDP Context Request* message to the SGSN. +8. The MS, GANC and SGSN establish the GA-RRC Packet Transport Channel (PTC) as described in steps 3-7 in subclause 5.2.5.17.2. +9. The SGSN indicates the PDP context establishment is complete using the *Activate PDP Context Accept* message to the GANC. GANC forwards this message to the MS in the GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER message. +10. The MS, GANC and CN exchange user data via the established PTC. + +#### 5.2.5.19 Network Requested PDP Context Activation + +Figure 82 illustrates the successful Network-Requested PDP Context Activation procedure, assuming the MS is in GA-RRC-IDLE state. + +![Sequence diagram for Network Requested PDP Context Activation. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, GANC, and SGSN. The MS starts in GA-RRC-IDLE state. The SGSN sends a Paging message to the GANC, which forwards it to the MS via GA-RRC PAGING REQUEST. The MS responds with GA-RRC PAGING RESPONSE, transitioning to GA-RRC-CONNECTED state. The GANC then sends an Initial UE Message to the SGSN. The SGSN performs authentication and security mode control. It then sends a Request PDP Context Activation to the GANC, which forwards it to the MS via GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER. The MS responds with an Activate PDP Context Request to the GANC, which forwards it to the SGSN. The SGSN establishes the Packet Transport Channel (PTC) and sends an Activate PDP Context Accept to the GANC, which forwards it to the MS via GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER. Finally, user data transfer begins via the PTC.](c0ca823603794512478906b302176bca_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant SGSN + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-IDLE + SGSN->>GANC: 1. Paging (Domain Indicator, IMSI) + GANC->>MS: 2. GA-RRC PAGING REQUEST (Domain Indicator) + MS->>GANC: 3. GA-RRC PAGING RESPONSE + Note left of MS: GA-RRC-CONNECTED + GANC->>SGSN: 4. Initial UE Message (Domain Indicator, Service Request=Paging Response) + SGSN->>GANC: 5. Authentication + SGSN->>GANC: 6. Security Mode Control + SGSN->>GANC: 7. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Request PDP Context activation) + GANC->>MS: 7. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Request PDP Context activation) + MS->>GANC: 8. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context Request) + GANC->>SGSN: 8. GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context Request) + Note over MS, GANC, SGSN: 9. Packet Transport Channel (PTC) establishment + SGSN->>GANC: 10. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context accept) + GANC->>MS: 10. GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER (Activate PDP Context accept) + Note over MS, GANC, SGSN: 11. PS user data transfer using PTC + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Network Requested PDP Context Activation. The diagram shows the interaction between MS, GANC, and SGSN. The MS starts in GA-RRC-IDLE state. The SGSN sends a Paging message to the GANC, which forwards it to the MS via GA-RRC PAGING REQUEST. The MS responds with GA-RRC PAGING RESPONSE, transitioning to GA-RRC-CONNECTED state. The GANC then sends an Initial UE Message to the SGSN. The SGSN performs authentication and security mode control. It then sends a Request PDP Context Activation to the GANC, which forwards it to the MS via GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER. The MS responds with an Activate PDP Context Request to the GANC, which forwards it to the SGSN. The SGSN establishes the Packet Transport Channel (PTC) and sends an Activate PDP Context Accept to the GANC, which forwards it to the MS via GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER. Finally, user data transfer begins via the PTC. + +**Figure 82: Network Requested PDP Context Activation** + +Initially, the SGSN received downlink user data to transfer to the MS and the associated RAB is not established. The MS is in PMM-IDLE state. + +1. The SGSN sends the RANAP *Paging* message to the MS via the GANC to locate the user. The paging request indicates paging for PS Domain signalling. +2. The GANC forwards the paging information to the MS in the GA-RRC PAGING REQUEST message. +3. The MS responds with a GA-RRC PAGING RESPONSE. The MS transitions to the GA-RRC-CONNECTED state. +4. The GANC establishes an SCCP connection to the SGSN and forwards the *Service Request* message (with Service type value "Paging response") to the SGSN using the RANAP *Initial MS Message*. Subsequent NAS messages between the MS and core network will be sent between GANC and SGSN using the RANAP *Direct Transfer* message. +5. The SGSN may optionally authenticate the MS using standard UTRAN authentication procedures. +6. The SGSN may optionally initiate the Security Mode Control procedure described in subclause 5.2.5.8. +7. The SGSN sends the *Request PDP Context Activation* message to the GANC. The GANC forwards this message to the MS in the GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER message. +8. The MS sends the *Activate PDP Context Request* message providing details on the PDP context to the SGSN. This message is contained within the GA-RRC UL DIRECT TRANSFER between the MS and the GANC. The GANC forwards the *Activate PDP Context Request* message to the SGSN. +9. The MS, GANC and SGSN establish the GA-RRC Packet Transport Channel (PTC) as described in steps 3-7 in subclause 5.2.5.17.2. +10. The SGSN indicates the PDP context establishment is complete using the *Activate PDP Context Accept* message to the GANC. GANC forwards this message to the MS in the GA-RRC DL DIRECT TRANSFER message. +11. The MS and SGSN exchange user data transfer via the established PTC. + +NOTE: It is also possible for the network to release the Iu connection but maintain the PDP context. In this case, steps 7, 8 and 10 are not necessary for the network to re-initiate data flow. + +#### 5.2.5.20 PS Handover between GERAN and GAN + +##### 5.2.5.20.1 PS Handover from GERAN to GAN + +This subclause to be aligned with the GAN PS Handover approach in GERAN. + +##### 5.2.5.20.2 PS Handover from GAN to GERAN + +This subclause to be aligned with the GAN PS Handover approach in GERAN. + +#### 5.2.5.21 SRNS Relocation between UTRAN and GAN + +The SRNS Relocation procedure is performed to move one or more PS sessions between Iu mode GAN and UTRAN. The procedure relocates the Iu-ps connection point at the GAN/UTRAN (in all cases) and at the SGSN (for inter-SGSN Relocation case only). + +Support for the Iur interface between UTRAN and GAN is FFS. Therefore, only the Combined Hard Handover and SRNS Relocation is applicable for GAN - UTRAN SRNS Relocation. Consequently, only the "MS Involved" Relocation Type is supported. + +Support for Lossless SRNS Relocation between UTRAN and GAN is FFS. + +##### 5.2.5.21.1 SRNS Relocation from UTRAN to GAN + +###### 5.2.5.21.1.1 Preparation Phase + +The description of the UTRAN to GAN relocation procedure assumes the following: + +- the MS has one or more active PDP Contexts with active RABs in the UTRAN; and +- the MS has successfully registered with a GANC, allowing the MS to obtain GAN system information; and +- the GANC has directed the MS to operate in Iu mode; and +- the UTRAN provides information on neighbouring cells such that one of the cells in the neighbour list matches the cell associated with the GANC, as provided in the AS-related component of the system information obtained from GANC. + +Additional description of the prerequisites for UTRAN to GAN handover may be provided by RAN2. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the UTRAN to GAN SRNS Relocation Preparation Phase. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS (with a GAN Registered box), GANC, RNC, and SGSN. The MS sends a message to the RNC. The RNC then sends a message labeled '2. Relocation Required' to the SGSN.](54cd9bdb1e6331db039152eb829a606b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant RNC + participant SGSN + Note left of MS: GAN Registered + MS->>RNC: + RNC->>SGSN: 2. Relocation Required + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the UTRAN to GAN SRNS Relocation Preparation Phase. The diagram shows four lifelines: MS (with a GAN Registered box), GANC, RNC, and SGSN. The MS sends a message to the RNC. The RNC then sends a message labeled '2. Relocation Required' to the SGSN. + +**Figure 83: UTRAN to GAN SRNS Relocation Preparation Phase** + +1. The MS begins to include the GAN cell information in the Measurement Report sent to the RNC. In that message, it sets the GAN cell's signal strength indicator to the highest possible value. + +2. The RNC decides to initiate a Combined Hard Handover and SRNS Relocation procedure. This decision is made based on the measurement reports and vendor/operator specific criteria. Upon deciding to initiate the Relocation, the RNC sends Relocation Required to the SGSN. +3. The SGSN determines the target cell is the GANC, based on the contents of Relocation Required. It then sends the Relocation Request to the GANC. +4. Upon receiving Relocation Request message, the GANC will setup Packet Transport Channel(s) as needed with appropriate attributes, as defined in the message. +5. The GANC sends the Relocation Request Acknowledge message to the SGSN. + +###### 5.2.5.21.1.2 + +###### Execution Phase + +![Sequence diagram of UTRAN to GAN SRNS Relocation Execution Phase. Lifelines: MS, GANC, RNC, SGSN. Step 1: SGSN sends '1. Relocation Command' to RNC. Step 2: RNC sends '2. Forwarding of GTP PDUs' to GANC. A long arrow then points from the GANC to the MS.](6d67eee81b97a14e06a6fe57a95aff36_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant RNC + participant SGSN + Note right of RNC: 1. Relocation Command + SGSN->>RNC: 1. Relocation Command + Note right of GANC: 2. Forwarding of GTP PDUs + RNC->>GANC: 2. Forwarding of GTP PDUs + GANC->>MS: + +``` + +Sequence diagram of UTRAN to GAN SRNS Relocation Execution Phase. Lifelines: MS, GANC, RNC, SGSN. Step 1: SGSN sends '1. Relocation Command' to RNC. Step 2: RNC sends '2. Forwarding of GTP PDUs' to GANC. A long arrow then points from the GANC to the MS. + +Figure 84: UTRAN to GAN SRNS Relocation Execution Phase + +1. Upon receiving the positive acknowledgement from the GANC to serve the MS, the SGSN initiates the Execution Phase by sending the Relocation Command to the RNC. +2. + - a) The RNC instructs the MS to initiate the switch to GAN via the Physical Channel Reconfiguration message. + - b) The RNC may start forwarding GTP PDUs to the GANC while still transmitting them in the downlink to the MS. This forwarding is routed via the Iu-PS interface. The GANC may buffer, transmit in the downlink, or discard these forwarded GTP PDUs, depending on the QoS profile, network conditions, and whether it supports Lossless Relocation. + - c) The RNC sends the Forward SRNS Context message to the GAN via the SGSN. In this message, the next-expected sequence number of uplink and downlink GTP-U packets are indicated to the GANC by the old SRNC. +3. Immediately after receiving the Physical Channel Reconfiguration message, the MS sends GA-RRC-HANDOVER-COMPLETE message to the GANC. Upon receiving this message and the Forward SRNS Context message, the GANC becomes the Serving RNC. +4. Immediately upon receiving the GA-RRC-HANDOVER-COMPLETE message from the MS, the GANC sends the Relocation Detect message to the SGSN. +5. The GANC sends the Relocation Complete message to the SGSN. +6. The MS, GANC and CN exchange user data via the established PTC. + +7. The SGSN releases the Iu-PS connection with the old RNC. +8. If the Routing Area of the GANC cell (as indicated by the GANC to the MS) is different from that under the old RNC, then the MS performs the Routing Area Update procedure. + +##### 5.2.5.21.2 SRNS Relocation from GAN to UTRAN + +###### 5.2.5.21.2.1 Preparation Phase + +![Sequence diagram of the Preparation Phase for SRNS Relocation from GAN to UTRAN. The diagram shows interactions between MS, GANC, RNC, and SGSN. 1. GA-Active RAB(s) and PDP Context(s) exchange between MS and GANC. 2. GA-RRC UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION from GANC to MS. 3. GA-RRC HANDOVER INFORMATION from MS to GANC. 4. Relocation Required from GANC to SGSN. 5. Relocation Request from SGSN to RNC. 6. RAN Iu Resource Allocation from RNC to SGSN. 7. Relocation Request ack from SGSN to RNC.](e20792fef9de6560b2d6c5441da7614a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant GANC + participant RNC + participant SGSN + Note left of MS: 1. GA-Active RAB(s) and PDP Context(s) + MS->>GANC: 2. GA-RRC UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION + GANC-->>MS: 3. GA-RRC HANDOVER INFORMATION + GANC->>SGSN: 4. Relocation Required + SGSN->>RNC: 5. Relocation Request + RNC->>SGSN: 6. RAN Iu Resource Allocation + SGSN->>RNC: 7. Relocation Request ack + +``` + +Sequence diagram of the Preparation Phase for SRNS Relocation from GAN to UTRAN. The diagram shows interactions between MS, GANC, RNC, and SGSN. 1. GA-Active RAB(s) and PDP Context(s) exchange between MS and GANC. 2. GA-RRC UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION from GANC to MS. 3. GA-RRC HANDOVER INFORMATION from MS to GANC. 4. Relocation Required from GANC to SGSN. 5. Relocation Request from SGSN to RNC. 6. RAN Iu Resource Allocation from RNC to SGSN. 7. Relocation Request ack from SGSN to RNC. + +**Figure 85: GAN to UTRAN SRNS Relocation Preparation Phase** + +1. The MS is in active packet flow exchange with active PDP Context(s) and PTC(s) in the GAN. +2. The GANC may send a GA-RRC UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION if there is a problem with the uplink quality for the ongoing session. Uplink Quality Indication is information sent by the GANC to the MS indicating the crossing of a uplink quality threshold in the uplink direction. Whenever the MS receives an indication of bad quality, it should start the relocation procedure, as described in the next step. Alternatively, MS can use its local measurements to decide to initiate the handover procedure. +3. The MS decides to initiate an SRNS Relocation from GAN to UTRAN by sending GA-RRC-HANDOVER-INFORMATION message to the GANC. +4. The GANC selects a target RNC based on the contents of the GA-RRC-HANDOVER-INFORMATION message. It sends Relocation Required message to the SGSN containing the selected RNC information. +5. The SGSN sends a Relocation Request to the target RNC. +6. The RNC performs the necessary allocation of radio and Iu transport resources. +7. The RNC returns Relocation Request Acknowledge message to the SGSN. This message contains a transparent container that contains channelization information needed by MS to access UTRAN. + +###### 5.2.5.21.2.2 + +###### Execution Phase + +![Sequence diagram of GAN to UTRAN SRNS Relocation Execution Phase. Lifelines: MS, RNC, GANC, SGSN. The sequence shows the execution phase of a relocation from GAN to UTRAN. 1. SGSN sends Relocation Command to GANC. 2. GANC sends GA-RRC-HANDOVER-COMMAND to MS and Forward SRNS Context to SGSN. 3. SGSN relays Forward SRNS Context to RNC. 4. MS attempts access, detected by RNC, which sends Relocation Detect to SGSN. 5. MS sends Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete to RNC, which sends Relocation Complete to SGSN. 6. Data flow switches to RNC. 7. SGSN sends Iu Release Command to GANC, which responds with Iu Release Complete. 8. A common Routing Area Update Procedure is shown at the bottom.](9bafc60bf378685e5e246c3ffad7b792_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant RNC + participant GANC + participant SGSN + + Note right of RNC: UE Access Detected by RAN + + SGSN->>GANC: 1. Relocation Command + GANC->>MS: 2. GA-RRC-HANDOVER-COMMAND + GANC->>SGSN: 2. Forward SRNS Context + SGSN->>RNC: 3. Forward SRNS Context + RNC->>SGSN: 4. Relocation Detect + MS->>RNC: 5. Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete + RNC->>SGSN: 5. Relocation Complete + Note over MS, RNC: 6. Active RAB(s) and PDP Context(s) + SGSN->>GANC: 7. Iu Release Command + GANC->>SGSN: 7. Iu Release Complete + Note over MS, RNC, GANC, SGSN: 8. Routing Area Update Procedure + +``` + +Sequence diagram of GAN to UTRAN SRNS Relocation Execution Phase. Lifelines: MS, RNC, GANC, SGSN. The sequence shows the execution phase of a relocation from GAN to UTRAN. 1. SGSN sends Relocation Command to GANC. 2. GANC sends GA-RRC-HANDOVER-COMMAND to MS and Forward SRNS Context to SGSN. 3. SGSN relays Forward SRNS Context to RNC. 4. MS attempts access, detected by RNC, which sends Relocation Detect to SGSN. 5. MS sends Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete to RNC, which sends Relocation Complete to SGSN. 6. Data flow switches to RNC. 7. SGSN sends Iu Release Command to GANC, which responds with Iu Release Complete. 8. A common Routing Area Update Procedure is shown at the bottom. + +Figure 86: GAN to UTRAN SRNS Relocation Execution Phase + +- The SGSN begins the Execution Phase by issuing *Relocation Command* to the GANC. The message contains the channel access information in the target UTRAN cell. +- a) The GANC sends *GA-RRC-HANDOVER-COMMAND* to the MS. This message contains the information from the *Relocation Command* received in Step 1 earlier. +b) The GANC also sends *Forward SRNS Context* to the target RNC via the SGSN. +- The SGSN relays the *Forward SRNS Context* to the target RNC. +- Upon receiving the *GA-RRC-HANDOVER-COMMAND*, the MS immediately suspends UL GTP PDU transfer. It immediately begins accessing the UTRAN using indicated channelization parameters in the message. The MS's access attempt is detected by the Node B and RNC, and is reported to the SGSN via the *Relocation Detect* message. +- The MS completes the lower layer setup and configuration, and sends the RRC *Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete* to the target RNC. This triggers the *Relocation Complete* message to SGSN. At this stage, the target RNC assumes the role of SRNC for the MS. +- The packet data flow is now active via the UTRAN. +- The SGSN releases the Iu-PS connection by sending *Iu Release Command* message to the GANC, to which GANC responds with *Iu Release Complete* message. + +### 5.2.6 Terminal Architecture Impacts + +The following provides a summary of the Iu mode GAN proposal's impact on the MS architecture. We describe the impacts on the following: + +- CS control plane. +- CS user plane. +- PS control plane. +- PS user plane. + +#### 5.2.6.1 Assumptions and Definitions + +For the starting point, we assume that the baseline architecture already supports: + +1. GSM/GPRS and UMTS per 3GPP specs; + +- 2. A/Gb mode GAN per 3GPP specs, including: + - a. Interworking with UTRAN; + - b. PS handover: Requires new interaction between GA-PSR and GERAN RLC/MAC. + +We define the following logical functions in the MS (illustrated in the figures that follow): + +- 1. "CS User Plane Routing Service": + - a. This function selects between GERAN, UTRAN and GAN services depending on GERAN/UTRAN/GAN (A/Gb) operating mode. +- 2. "PS User Plane Routing Service": + - a. This function selects between SNDPCP and PDCP services depending on GERAN/UTRAN (2G/3G) operating mode. + +#### 5.2.6.2 Impact on CS Control Plane + +##### 5.2.6.2.1 CS Control Plane - Before + +Figure 87 illustrates the CS control plane elements BEFORE applying the Iu mode GAN changes. + +![Diagram of CS Control Plane (Before) showing layers from Connection Management (CM) down to Baseband for UTRAN, GA-CSR/GA-RC, and GERAN paths.](de77146988611ab6084a88ae23f2e3a3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the CS control plane architecture before applying Iu mode GAN changes. At the top, the Connection Management (CM) layer contains three sub-functions: CC (Call Control), SS (Supplementary Services), and SMS (Short Message Service). These are connected via interfaces MMCC, MMSS, and MM SMS to the MM (Mobility Management) layer. The MM layer connects to an Access Mode Switch via the RR (GERAN) interface. The Access Mode Switch then branches into three parallel paths: 1) UTRAN path: RR (UTRAN) -> UTRAN RRC -> UTRAN RLC/MAC -> UTRAN Baseband. 2) GAN path: RR (GERAN) -> GA-CSR / GA-RC -> TCP/IP -> IP Sec tunnel -> Access Layers. 3) GERAN path: RR (GERAN) -> GERAN RRC -> LAPDm -> GERAN Baseband. External connections are shown as 'to/from GERAN RRC' on the left UTRAN path and 'to/from UTRAN RRC' on the right GERAN path. + +Diagram of CS Control Plane (Before) showing layers from Connection Management (CM) down to Baseband for UTRAN, GA-CSR/GA-RC, and GERAN paths. + +Figure 87: CS Control Plane (Before) + +##### 5.2.6.2.2 CS Control Plane-After + +Figure 88 illustrates the CS control plane elements AFTER applying the Iu mode GAN changes. + +![Diagram of CS Control Plane (After) showing the hierarchy from Connection Management (CM) down to UTRAN, GA-RRC, and GERAN RRC layers via an Access Mode Switch.](aed5b156b9b0fff9167baba88e5fdcfc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the CS control plane architecture after applying Iu mode GAN changes. At the top, a box labeled 'C o n n e c t i o n M a n a g e m e n t ( C M )' contains three stacked boxes labeled 'C C', 'S S', and 'S M S'. These are connected via lines labeled 'M M C C', 'M M S S', and 'M M S M S' to a horizontal orange bar labeled 'M M'. Below this bar is a line labeled 'R R ( G E R A N )' leading to a trapezoidal box labeled 'A c c e s s M o d e S w i t c h'. From the bottom of this switch, three lines lead to three separate boxes: 'U T R A N R R C', 'G A - R R C / G A - C S R / G A - R C', and 'G E R A N R R C'. The 'U T R A N R R C' box has an input line on the left labeled 'to/from G E R A N R R C'. The 'G E R A N R R C' box has an output line on the right labeled 'to/from U T R A N R R C'. To the right of the diagram is a legend with three colored squares: orange, light orange, and green. + +Diagram of CS Control Plane (After) showing the hierarchy from Connection Management (CM) down to UTRAN, GA-RRC, and GERAN RRC layers via an Access Mode Switch. + +**Figure 88: CS Control Plane (After)** + +##### 5.2.6.2.3 Summary of CS Control Plane Changes + +The CS user plane requires the following changes: + +1. Modify access mode switch to route CS NAS messages between NAS layer and either UTRAN RRC or GAN GA-RRC. +2. Modify GERAN RRC for handover of CS connection from GERAN to Iu mode GAN. +3. Modify UTRAN RRC for handover of CS connection from UTRAN to Iu mode GAN. + +NOTE: No modifications are required for handover of CS connection from UTRAN/GERAN to A/Gb mode GAN. + +#### 5.2.6.3 Impact on CS User Plane + +##### 5.2.6.3.1 CS User Plane-Before + +Figure 89 illustrates the CS user plane elements BEFORE applying the Iu mode GAN changes. + +![Diagram of CS User Plane (Before) showing three vertical stacks of network layers: UTRAN RLC/MAC over UTRAN Baseband, GERAN Baseband, and IPsec Tunnel over Access Layers.](0eb57eefa7cd45d30e68829ca8a03843_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the CS User Plane (Before) with three vertical stacks of network layers, each represented by orange rectangular blocks: + +- Left Stack:** Consists of two blocks. The top block is labeled "UTRAN RLC/MAC" and the bottom block is labeled "UTRAN Baseband". A vertical line connects the top block to the bottom block, and another vertical line extends upwards from the top block. +- Middle Stack:** Consists of a single block labeled "GERAN Baseband". A vertical line extends upwards from this block. +- Right Stack:** Consists of two blocks. The top block is labeled "IPsec Tunnel" and the bottom block is labeled "Access Layers". A vertical line connects the top block to the bottom block, and another vertical line extends upwards from the top block. + +Diagram of CS User Plane (Before) showing three vertical stacks of network layers: UTRAN RLC/MAC over UTRAN Baseband, GERAN Baseband, and IPsec Tunnel over Access Layers. + +**Figure 89: CS User Plane (Before)** + +##### 5.2.6.3.2 CS User Plane-After + +Figure 90 illustrates the CS user plane elements AFTER applying the Iu mode GAN changes. + +![Diagram of CS User Plane (After) showing data flow from a mobile station through various processing and routing layers to UTRAN, GERAN, and Access Layers.](1187dbd674a100960ed23efa54ccd6c1_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the CS user plane architecture after applying Iu mode GAN changes. At the top, a mobile station (represented by a handset icon) connects to 'Filters/ADC/DAC', which in turn connects to 'AMR Audio Processing'. This path leads to the 'CS User Plane Routing Service'. A second path from the mobile station goes through 'CS Data User' and 'CS Data Processing' to the same 'CS User Plane Routing Service'. From the routing service, three separate paths emerge: 1) Directly to 'UTRAN RLC/MAC' and then to 'UTRAN Baseband'. 2) Directly to 'GERAN Baseband'. 3) Through 'RFC 3267 AMR Processing' (indicated by an arrow from the right), 'RTP/UDP/IP', and 'IPSec tunnel' to 'Access Layers'. + +Diagram of CS User Plane (After) showing data flow from a mobile station through various processing and routing layers to UTRAN, GERAN, and Access Layers. + +Figure 90: CS User Plane (After) + +##### 5.2.6.3.3 Summary of CS User Plane Changes + +No changes. + +#### 5.2.6.4 Impact on PS Control Plane + +##### 5.2.6.4.1 PS Control Plane-Before + +Figure 91 illustrates the PS control plane elements BEFORE applying the Iu mode GAN changes. + +![A block diagram of the PS Control Plane (Before) showing various network elements like RABM (UMTS), SM, SMS, MM, LLC, Access Mode Switch, UTRAN RRC, GA-PSR/GA-RC, GERAN RRC, and baseband layers.](a7450c80e88ad3f6ca1427ad84020998_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the PS Control Plane architecture before a specific change. At the top, three boxes represent RABM (UMTS), SM, and SMS. These connect via interfaces GMMRABM, GMM SM, and PMMSMS respectively to a central MM (Mobility Management) block. The MM block connects to an LLC (Logical Link Control) block via LLGMM and LLSMS interfaces. The LLC block connects to an Access Mode Switch via GRR and GMMRR interfaces. The MM block also has a direct connection to the GMMRR interface of the Access Mode Switch. The Access Mode Switch is connected to three parallel paths: UTRAN RRC, GA-PSR/GA-RC, and GERAN RRC. The UTRAN RRC connects to UTRAN RLC/MAC, which in turn connects to UTRAN Baseband. The GA-PSR/GA-RC connects to TCP/IP, which connects to IPSec tunnel, which connects to Access Layers. The GERAN RRC connects to GERAN RLC/MAC, which connects to GERAN Baseband. External connections are shown: 'to/from GERAN RRC' on the left UTRAN RRC and 'to/from UTRAN RRC' on the right GERAN RRC. + +A block diagram of the PS Control Plane (Before) showing various network elements like RABM (UMTS), SM, SMS, MM, LLC, Access Mode Switch, UTRAN RRC, GA-PSR/GA-RC, GERAN RRC, and baseband layers. + +Figure 91: PS Control Plane (Before) + +##### 5.2.6.4.2 PS Control Plane-After + +Figure 92 illustrates the PS control plane elements AFTER applying the Iu mode GAN changes. + +![A schematic diagram of the PS Control Plane (After) showing various network layers and their connections. At the top, three boxes labeled RABM (UMTS), SM, and SMS are connected to a central MM box via interfaces GMMRABM, GMM SM, and PMMSMS. The MM box connects to an LLC box via LLGMM and LLSMS. The LLC box connects to an Access Mode Switch via GRR and GMMRR. The Access Mode Switch is connected to three parallel paths: UTRAN RRC, GA-RR/ GA-PSR/GA-RC, and GERAN RRC. The UTRAN RRC path leads to UTRAN RLC/MAC and then UTRAN Baseband. The GA-RR/ GA-PSR/GA-RC path leads to TCP/IP, then IP Sec nnet, and then Access Layers. The GERAN RRC path leads to GERAN RLC/MAC and then GERAN Baseband. External connections 'to/from GERAN RRC' and 'to/from UTRAN RRC' are shown on the left and right respectively. A legend on the right shows three colored squares: orange, light orange, and green.](9e3c3a68ea23d6b0c0243f2baa1cb99f_img.jpg) + +A schematic diagram of the PS Control Plane (After) showing various network layers and their connections. At the top, three boxes labeled RABM (UMTS), SM, and SMS are connected to a central MM box via interfaces GMMRABM, GMM SM, and PMMSMS. The MM box connects to an LLC box via LLGMM and LLSMS. The LLC box connects to an Access Mode Switch via GRR and GMMRR. The Access Mode Switch is connected to three parallel paths: UTRAN RRC, GA-RR/ GA-PSR/GA-RC, and GERAN RRC. The UTRAN RRC path leads to UTRAN RLC/MAC and then UTRAN Baseband. The GA-RR/ GA-PSR/GA-RC path leads to TCP/IP, then IP Sec nnet, and then Access Layers. The GERAN RRC path leads to GERAN RLC/MAC and then GERAN Baseband. External connections 'to/from GERAN RRC' and 'to/from UTRAN RRC' are shown on the left and right respectively. A legend on the right shows three colored squares: orange, light orange, and green. + +Figure 92: PS Control Plane (After) + +##### 5.2.6.4.3 Summary of PS Control Plane Changes + +The PS control plane requires the following changes: + +- 1. Modify access mode switch to route PS NAS messages between NAS layer and either UTRAN RRC or GAN GA-RR. +- 2. Modify GERAN RRC for handover of PS connection from GERAN to Iu mode GAN. +- 3. Modify UTRAN RRC for handover of PS connection from UTRAN to Iu mode GAN. + +NOTE: No modification required for handover of PS connection from UTRAN/GERAN to A/Gb mode GAN. + +#### 5.2.6.5 Impact on PS User Plane + +##### 5.2.6.5.1 PS User Plane-Before + +Figure 93 illustrates the PS user plane elements BEFORE applying the Iu mode GAN changes. + +![Diagram of PS User Plane (Before) showing three parallel paths: PDCP, GA-PSR, and GERAN RLC/MAC, all originating from an Access Mode Switch.](29997432244f81212ee1e6c94f308f1b_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the PS user plane architecture before applying Iu mode GAN changes. At the top, an IP layer connects to a PS User Plane Routing Service. Below this service, the user plane splits into three parallel paths: + +- Path 1 (Left):** PS User Plane Routing Service → PDCP (with PDCP interface) → UTRAN RLC/MAC → UTRAN Baseband. +- Path 2 (Middle):** PS User Plane Routing Service → SNDCP → LLC (with QoS1, QoS2, QoS3, QoS4 interfaces) → GRR → Access Mode Switch → GRR → GA-PSR → UDP/IP → IP Sec tunnel → Access Layers. +- Path 3 (Right):** PS User Plane Routing Service → Access Mode Switch → GRR → GERAN RLC/MAC → GERAN Baseband. + +Diagram of PS User Plane (Before) showing three parallel paths: PDCP, GA-PSR, and GERAN RLC/MAC, all originating from an Access Mode Switch. + +Figure 93: PS User Plane (Before) + +##### 5.2.6.5.2 PS User Plane-After + +Figure 94 illustrates the PS user plane elements AFTER applying the Iu mode GAN changes. + +![Diagram of PS User Plane (After) showing three vertical stacks of protocol layers. The left stack is UTRAN RLC/MAC over UTRAN Baseband. The middle stack is GA-RRC/GA-PSR over UDP/IP over IPSec tunnel over Access Layers. The right stack is GERAN RLC/MAC over GERAN Baseband. A legend on the right shows three colored boxes: orange, light orange, and green.](57134800ac3a97b6212b27b93aa196ac_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the PS user plane elements after applying Iu mode GAN changes. It consists of three vertical stacks of protocol layers: + +- Left Stack (UTRAN):** UTRAN RLC/MAC over UTRAN Baseband. +- Middle Stack (GAN):** GA-RRC/GA-PSR over UDP/IP over IPSec tunnel over Access Layers. +- Right Stack (GERAN):** GERAN RLC/MAC over GERAN Baseband. + +A legend on the right side of the diagram shows three colored boxes: orange, light orange, and green. + +Diagram of PS User Plane (After) showing three vertical stacks of protocol layers. The left stack is UTRAN RLC/MAC over UTRAN Baseband. The middle stack is GA-RRC/GA-PSR over UDP/IP over IPSec tunnel over Access Layers. The right stack is GERAN RLC/MAC over GERAN Baseband. A legend on the right shows three colored boxes: orange, light orange, and green. + +Figure 94: PS User Plane (After) + +##### 5.2.6.5.3 Summary of PS User Plane Changes + +The PS user plane requires the following changes: + +1. Add a new access mode switch to route PS Data between application and either UTRAN PDCP or GAN GA-RRC. + +# 6 Evaluation Section + +## 6.1 Enhanced Up + +Table 3 + +| Objectives (as agreed in the Ad Hoc meeting in GANE-07038) | Evaluation/
conformance | Comments, as needed | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1. GAN Enhancements shall be backwards compatible with GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7.
Two levels of enhancements:
a) Forwards compatible from Rel-6: Rel-6 and Rel-7 terminals work with the enhancements i.e. network-only enhancements
b) Not forwards compatible from Rel-6 (respectively Rel-7): Rel-6 (respectively Rel-7) terminals do not work with the enhancements. | Compliant | Enhanced Up A/Gn is a solution of type 1b).

Rel-6 and 7 terminals will not benefit from the enhancements introduced by this solution, but these terminals work with this solution using the existing GAN procedures. | +| • Support at minimum the same services as GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7; and | Compliant | The Enhanced Up A/Gn solution supports exactly the same services as GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7. | +| • Support existing QoS management as specified in 3GPP; and | Compliant | The Enhanced Up A/Gn solution supports existing QoS management as specified in 3GPP. | +| • Minimize the impact on the Core Network. | Compliant | No changes to existing CN nodes or interfaces are introduced. A new logical node type, Enhanced Up A/Gn, is defined. | +| 2. GAN Enhancements shall abide as per the unchanged GAN principle to keep the transparent support for any given service between UTRAN or GERAN, and GAN. | Compliant | The Enhanced Up A/Gn solution abides the existing GAN principle of providing a transparent support of GSM/UMTS services:
1) in CS domain as it does not change from GAN R6/R7, and
2) in PS domain as the enhanced GANC provides all SGSN services (PDP context activ./deactiv./modif., charging and CAMEL interfaces, lawful interception, APN mechanisms, as well as authorization and subscriber profile modifications from HSS). Seamless continuity of GSM/UMTS services is also provided by a mobility mechanism using simultaneous radios (no need for MM/PDP context transfers) and IPsec tunnelling (no need for paging areas). | +| • E.g. preserve the existing APN mechanism. | Compliant | The existing APN mechanisms in SGSN remain unchanged with the Enhanced Up A/Gn solution. Only DNS configuration is required. | + +| Objectives (as agreed in the Ad Hoc meeting in GANE-07038) | Evaluation/
conformance | Comments, as needed | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 3. GAN Enhancements shall minimize the additional complexity on existing GANCs if applicable. | Compliant | The Enhanced Up A/Gn solution:
1) Does not change anything in the CS domain (Up GA-CSR interface as well as A, Lb and Bc interfaces).
2) Fully reuses all the authentication/security mechanisms and interfaces (Up, Wm).
3) Fully reuses the discovery/registration mechanisms with only three additional parameters (UE capability, GANC capability, GA-SM address) in existing Up GA-RC messages.
4) PS domain is enhanced with overlaid GA-SM protocol, Session Management function and Proxy-Gn mobility function.
5) Standardized interfaces that need to be additionally supported at the EGANC are: Gn. and optionally Ga (CGF) and Ge (Camel). | +| 4. GAN Enhancements shall minimize the additional complexity on terminals (see case 1b above). | Compliant | The Enhanced Up A/Gn solution does not impact the existing layers (NAS-SM/MM and AS). It only adds:
1) A GA-SM signalling protocol for EGAN mode only, on top of EGAN UDP-IP layer.
2) An EGAN access mode switch below Application IP layer, which does not impact existing SMREG-SAP interface. | +| 5. GAN Enhancements shall reduce the complexity for delivery of CS and PS services. | Partly Compliant. | The Enhanced Up A/Gn solution as such doesn't enhance the CS services at all. However, any enhancements to the A-interface are inherited automatically to this solution, in particular A/IP standardized interface (SIGTRAN).
The complexity for the delivery of PS services is reduced as stated below. | +|
  • E.g. by reducing the number of functions and/or protocol overhead.
| Compliant | Achieved for the PS domain via:
1) the reduction of the number of nodes (Built-in one Tunnel solution);
2) the number of signalling layers (NAS+LLC+GA-PSR+GA-RC are replaced by GA-SM);
3) the number of user plane layers (SNDPCP+LLC+GA-PSR+GA-RC are replaced by a IP flow identification mechanism. e.g. IETF GRE). | + +| Objectives (as agreed in the Ad Hoc meeting in GANE-07038) | Evaluation/
conformance | Comments, as needed | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 6. GAN Enhancements shall reduce the user-plane latency for delivery of PS services. |

Dual-mode GAN/GSM terminals starting from 3GPP Rel-6:

No enhancements.

Bi-mode EGAN/GSM Bi-mode terminals:

Compliant

Tri-mode GAN/EGAN/GSM terminals:

Compliant.

Tri-mode EGAN/GSM/UMTS terminals:

Compliant.

Quadri-mode GAN/EGAN/GSM/UMTS terminals:

Compliant.

|

This objective is evaluated towards different types of GAN-terminals.

The Enhanced Up A/Gn reduces the user-plane latency for delivery of PS services to all types of GAN-terminals supporting Enhanced Up solution.

| +|
  • E.g. by reducing number of functions / protocol overhead.
| Compliant. |

The Enhanced Up A/Gn solution reduces the user-plane latency thanks to:

  1. 1) minimizing the number of nodes (GANC is directly connected to GGSN);
  2. 2) minimizing the number of user plane layers (SNDPC+LLC+GA-PSR+GA-RC are replaced by a flow identification mechanism such as IETF GRE).
| + +| Objectives (as agreed in the Ad Hoc meeting in GANE-07038) | Evaluation/
conformance | Comments, as needed | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 7. GAN Enhancements shall be compatible / shall align with other 3GPP Core Network enhancements e.g. "one tunnel approach" for PS services. | Compliant | The Enhanced Up A/Gn solution is compliant with all enhancements to the A-interface and to the Gn-interface. Enhanced Up A/Gn solution is built-in One-Tunnel solution as the user plane traverses only two nodes on the user plane: EGANC and GGSN. It interworks with One-Tunnel core networks. | +| 8. GAN Enhancements shall overcome the limitations imposed by using the Gb interface. | Compliant | The functions/nodes GANC + SGSN and associated interfaces (Up, Gb) are replaced by one single function/node EGANC and one single interface (enhanced Up). | +| 9. GAN Enhancements shall provide optimized support for operators using GSM-only, UMTS-only, or combined GSM/UMTS networks. | Compliant | There already exists today Dual-Mode CN products that provide simultaneous support for both 2G and 3G accesses. So a 2G MSC, 3G MSC or a combined 2G/3G MSC can be used to support the A-interface. | +|
  • E.g. no changes to existing core network nodes/interfaces.
| Compliant | No changes to existing SGSNs and GGSNs are needed. The EGANC is connected to the existing Core Network via A and Gn interfaces. | +| NOTE: The term GSM includes as well GPRS. | Compliant | Noted. | +| 10. GAN Enhancements shall provide seamless mobility for CS and seamless mobility for PS including PS conversational services. | Compliant |

Enhanced Up A/Gn alternative provides CS handovers as CS domain does not change compared to R6/R7.

Since the enhanced Up solution does not have any restriction on the radio side, i.e. the 3GPP and WLAN radios can be up simultaneously without restriction, make-before-break PS handovers can be achieved. They are based on the establishment of a second path in the target RAT while the first path in the source RAT is still active, the terminal listening to the two paths.

Also, since the procedures get simplified (regarding the number of messages exchanges) and the number of protocol layers are removed, the path setup and handover can happen quickly, providing seamless and lossless mobility.

| +| 11. GAN Enhancements shall minimize "Enhanced GAN mode" power consumption on handsets. | Compliant |

Enhanced Up A/Gn alternative is acting independently of the 3GPP radio side when a user is in EGAN mode. There is no extra power consumption by introduction of EGAN.

The actual impact on the power consumption needs ffs.

| + +## 6.2 Combined GANC/SGSN + +Table 4 + +| Objectives (as agreed in the Ad Hoc meeting in GANE-07038) | Evaluation/
conformance | Comments, as needed | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1. GAN Enhancements shall be backwards compatible with GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7.
Two levels of enhancements:
a) Forwards compatible from Rel-6: Rel-6 and Rel-7 terminals work with the enhancements i.e. network-only enhancements.
b) Not forwards compatible from Rel-6 (respectively Rel-7): Rel-6 (respectively Rel-7) terminals do not work with the enhancements. | Noted | Combined GANC/SGSN is a solution of type 1a). | +| • Support at minimum the same services as GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7; and | Compliant | The Combined GANC/SGSN solution supports exactly the same services as GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7. | +| • Support existing QoS management as specified in 3GPP; and | Compliant | The Combined GANC/SGSN solution supports existing QoS management as specified in 3GPP. | +| • Minimize the impact on the Core Network. | Compliant | No changes to existing CN nodes or interfaces are introduced. A new logical node type, Combined GANC/SGSN, is defined. | +| 2. GAN Enhancements shall abide as per the unchanged GAN principle to keep the transparent support for any given service between UTRAN or GERAN, and GAN. | Compliant | The Combined GANC/SGSN solution abides the existing GAN principles. | +| • E.g. preserve the existing APN mechanism. | Compliant | The existing APN mechanisms are preserved with the Combined GANC/SGSN solution. | +| 3. GAN Enhancements shall minimize the additional complexity on existing GANCs if applicable. | Compliant | The Combined GANC/SGSN solution doesn't mean any impact on existing GANCs. | +| 4. GAN Enhancements shall minimize the additional complexity on terminals (see case 1b above). | Compliant | The Combined GANC/SGSN solution is case 1a) type of solution. It doesn't impact the terminals in any way and as such doesn't mean any additional complexity on terminals. | +| 5. GAN Enhancements shall reduce the complexity for delivery of CS and PS services. | Party compliant | The Combined GANC/SGSN solution as such doesn't enhance the CS services at all. However, any enhancements to the A-interface are inherited automatically to this solution.

The complexity for the delivery of PS services is reduced. | +| • E.g. by reducing the number of functions and/or protocol overhead. | Compliant | Achieved for the PS domain. | +| 6. GAN Enhancements shall reduce the user-plane latency for delivery of PS services. | Dual-mode GAN/GSM terminals starting from 3GPP Rel-6:
Compliant

Tri-mode GAN/GSM/UMTS terminals starting from 3GPP Rel-6:
Compliant | This objective is evaluated towards different types of GAN-terminals.

The Combined GANC/SGSN reduces the user-plane latency for delivery of PS services to all types of GAN-terminals starting from 3GPP Rel-6. | +| • E.g. by reducing number of functions / protocol overhead. | Compliant | The Combined GANC/SGSN solution removes the Gb-interface and the 2G-SGSN node. | + +| | | | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 7. GAN Enhancements shall be compatible / shall align with other 3GPP Core Network enhancements e.g. "one tunnel approach" for PS services. | Compliant | The Combined GANC/SGSN solution is compliant with all enhancements to the A-interface and to the Gn-interface. | +| 8. GAN Enhancements shall overcome the limitations imposed by using the Gb interface. | Compliant | The Combined GANC/SGSN solution removes the Gb-interface and the 2G-SGSN node. | +| 9. GAN Enhancements shall provide optimized support for operators using GSM-only, UMTS-only, or combined GSM/UMTS networks. | Compliant | It is Ericsson's understanding that there exists already today Dual-Mode CN products that provide simultaneous support for both 2G and 3G accesses. So a 2G MSC, 3G MSC or a combined 2G/3G MSC can be used to support the A-interface. | +|
  • E.g. no changes to existing core network nodes/interfaces.
| Compliant | It can be argued if the SGSN is modified here or not. Our interpretation is that none of the existing CN nodes are changed. Instead a new Combined GANC/SGSN node is introduced.

Also, only standard 3GPP interfaces are used. | +| NOTE: The term GSM includes as well GPRS. | Compliant | Noted. | +| 10. GAN Enhancements shall provide seamless mobility for CS and seamless mobility for PS including PS conversational services. | Compliant | GAN PS HO in 3GPP Rel-7 provides this for all PS services. GAN CS HO support already in 3GPP Rel-6. | +| 11. GAN Enhancements shall minimize "Enhanced GAN mode" power consumption on handsets. | Not compliant | Not compliant as the GAN Rel-6 and Rel-7 terminals are not affected. | + +## 6.3 GAN Iu Mode + +Table 5 + +| Objectives (as agreed in the Ad Hoc meeting in GANE-07038) | Evaluation/ conformance | Comments, as needed | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1. GAN Enhancements shall be backwards compatible with GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7.
Two levels of enhancements:
a) Forwards compatible from Rel-6: Rel-6 and Rel-7 terminals work with the enhancements i.e. network-only enhancements.
b) Not forwards compatible from Rel-6 (respectively Rel-7): Rel-6 (respectively Rel-7) terminals do not work with the enhancements. | Compliant | GAN lu-mode provides backwards compatibility.
GAN lu-mode is not forward compatible. | +| • Support at minimum the same services as GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7; and | Compliant | GAN lu-mode supports services and functions hosted by 3G core networks in addition to 2G core networks.
e.g. AMR-WB with TrFO | +| • Support existing QoS management as specified in 3GPP; and | Compliant | GAN lu-mode supports QoS negotiation on lu interface as specified in 3GPP. GANC supports QoS management as per 3GPP TS 44.318 [3] annex B (mapping to IP QoS - DSCP) It is not limited by QoS management performed by or implemented for 2G-SGSN or Gb interface | +| • Minimize the impact on the Core Network. | Compliant | No changes to existing CN nodes or interfaces are introduced. No new logical or physical nodes. No duplication of CN node functions in GANC. | +| 2. GAN Enhancements shall abide as per the unchanged GAN principle to keep the transparent support for any given service between UTRAN or GERAN, and GAN. | Compliant | GAN lu-mode abides to the existing GAN principles by tunnelling NAS protocols and leaving NAS logical operation unchanged. | +| • E.g. preserve the existing APN mechanism | Compliant | The existing APN mechanism, configuration of APNs, and DNS resolution of APNs are unchanged. | +| 3. GAN Enhancements shall minimize the additional complexity on existing GANCs if applicable. | Compliant | GAN lu-mode GANCs remains the logical and operational equivalent of BSC and RNC. GANC is not complicated by the introduction of SGSN equivalent CN functions (e.g. CAMEL support, billing interfaces, etc.) | +| 4. GAN Enhancements shall minimize the additional complexity on terminals (see case 1b above). | Compliant | Changes to terminal behaviour only when network instructs terminal to operate in GAN lu mode. Some extensions to Up required (i.e. not forward compatible). Extensions have been minimized. Logical operation of terminal when attached to GERAN and UTRAN are unaffected. | +| 5. GAN Enhancements shall reduce the complexity for delivery of CS and PS services.

• E.g. by reducing the number of functions and/or protocol overhead | Compliant | In CS domain, complexity is reduced as follows:
• audio transcoding centralized in CN;
• supports TrFO for simplified AMR-WB support;
• native support for 3G MSC and MSC Server concept (according to 3GPP Rel-4);
• supports evolution to all-IP network (lu over IP).
In PS domain, complexity is reduced as follows:
• the 2G-SGSN is removed from the control and user plane;
• support for SGSN direct tunnel feature;
• native support for 3G-SGSN;
• supports evolution to all-IP network (lu over IP). | +| 6. GAN Enhancements shall reduce the user-plane latency for delivery of PS services.
• E.g. by reducing number of functions / protocol overhead | Compliant | The 2G-SGSN is removed from the user plane.

3G-SGSN may be removed from the user plane with SGSN direct tunnel feature. | + +| Objectives (as agreed in the Ad Hoc meeting in GANE-07038) | Evaluation/
conformance | Comments, as needed | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 7. GAN Enhancements shall be compatible / shall align with other 3GPP Core Network enhancements e.g. "one tunnel approach" for PS services. | Compliant | Compatible and aligned with CN enhancements for all BSS/RAN - CN interfaces: A, Gb, Iu. One example here is 3GPP TS 23.236 [27] (Multipoint) support.
Specifically, GAN Iu mode supports "one tunnel approach" aka Direct Tunnel that is not possible in A/Gb. | +| 8. GAN Enhancements shall overcome the limitations imposed by using the Gb interface. | Compliant | Eliminates Gb interface
  • without redefining roles of BSS/RAN and CN elements;
  • without binding the GANC and SGSN product implementation;
  • without introducing a new interface/protocol to CN;
  • while maintaining open interface between GANC and CN.
| +| 9. GAN Enhancements shall provide optimized support for operators using GSM-only, UMTS-only, or combined GSM/UMTS networks. | Compliant | Supports A/Gb for GSM-only networks.
Supports Iu for UMTS-only networks.
Supports A/Gb and Iu for combined GSM/UMTS networks. | +|
  • E.g. no changes to existing core network nodes/interfaces.
NOTE: The term GSM includes as well GPRS. | Compliant | Solution enables GANC to support existing core network nodes using existing standard interfaces. | +| 10. GAN Enhancements shall provide seamless mobility for CS and seamless mobility for PS including PS conversational services. | Compliant | GAN seamless mobility for CS and PS supported.
As an example conversational services are supported by default in UMTS and no need to implement 3GPP TS 43.129 [28] (PSHO) to Gb. 3GPP TS 43.129 [28] requires support from MS, RAN and CN, so current entities do not support it.
Implementation of mobility between GAN and UTRAN simplified by eliminating RNC feature for "Support of Handover to GAN" indication required to support UTRAN -> GAN hand-in. (3GPP TS 43.318 [2], subclause 8.14.1.2). | +| 11. GAN Enhancements shall minimize "Enhanced GAN mode" power consumption on handsets. | Not compliant | Power consumption on handsets not affected by GAN Iu-mode. | + +## 6.4 Comparison of the Proposed Solutions + +Table 6 provides a comparison between the proposed solutions and how these solutions address the GAN Enhancement objectives. + +Table 6 + +| | GAN Enhancement Objectives from subclause 4.1 | Comparison of the Enhanced Up, Combined GANC/SGSN, and GAN lu-mode Proposals | +|----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1. |

GAN Enhancements shall be backwards compatible with GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7.

Two levels of enhancements:

  • a) Forwards compatible from Rel-6: Rel-6 and Rel-7 terminals work with the enhancements i.e. network-only enhancements.
  • b) Not forwards compatible from Rel-6 (respectively Rel-7): Rel-6 (respectively Rel-7) terminals do not work with the enhancements.
  • 1. Support at minimum the same services as GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7; and
  • 2. Support existing QoS management as specified in 3GPP; and
  • 3. Minimize the impact on the Core Network.
|

All GAN Enhancement proposals provide backwards compatibility. Only Combined GANC/SGSN proposal is forward compatible.

All proposals support the same services and features as GAN in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-7 including 3GPP QoS management as a minimum.

Combined GANC/SGSN does not change the existing CN nodes or interfaces. It introduces additional existing CN interfaces to the GANC such as Gn and supports legacy Non-Access Stratum (NAS) and legacy Up-interface functions. The Combined GANC/SGSN proposal:

  • • Requires no additional NAS functions (i.e. only legacy NAS functions are required).

Enhanced Up does not change the existing CN nodes or interfaces. It introduces additional existing CN interfaces to the GANC such as Gn and session management functions for mobile stations operating in eGAN mode. It also supports legacy Up-interface functions for mobile stations operating in legacy GAN mode. Enhanced Up does not use GPRS to deliver PS domain services; the Enhanced Up emulates GPRS bearers with the IP-CAN to provide IP data connectivity between MS and core network. For the Enhanced Up proposal:

  • • New Enhanced Up SM functions are required in the GANC (e.g. the reception of a Up Create PDP Context Request by an GANC shall trigger the creation of a MM context/PDP Context as per the reception of an Activate PDP Context Request by an SGSN and shall result in the GANC/proxy GGSN function sending a Create PDP Context Request to the GGSN). Enhanced Up solution does not use session management for GPRS services and mobility management for GPRS services in eGAN mode.
  • • MO SMS always uses CS domain in eGAN mode. No changes in GERAN, UTRAN or GAN mode.
  • • Enhanced Up solution proposes to add additional DNS servers for network redundancy.

GAN lu-mode does not change the existing CN interfaces and it does not add any core network functions to the GANC. It introduces additional existing interfaces to the GANC such as the lu-cs, lu-ps, lu-bc, and lu-pc. The GAN lu-mode supports services and functions hosted by 3G core networks in addition to 2G core networks. e.g. AMR-WB with TrFO.

| + +| GAN Enhancement Objectives from subclause 4.1 | Comparison of the Enhanced Up, Combined GANC/SGSN, and GAN lu-mode Proposals | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +|

2. GAN Enhancements shall abide as per the unchanged GAN principle to keep the transparent support for any given service between UTRAN or GERAN, and GAN.

  • • E.g. preserve the existing APN mechanism.
|

All solutions provide transparent support for any given service whether using UTRAN or GERAN, and GAN. For CS services, all solutions tunnel NAS protocols to provide transparent access to CS services via the A or lu-CS interface. GAN lu-mode supports NAS tunnelling over the lu-cs interface and Enhanced Up and Combined GANC/SGSN incorporate the concept of NAS tunnelling over the A interface. For PS services, GAN lu-mode uses the NAS tunnelling technique over the lu-ps interface to provide transparency to 2G and 3G GPRS services. Combined GANC/SGSN incorporates the concept of NAS tunnelling as an internal mechanism within the GANC/SGSN node. Enhanced Up uses its own session management protocol for PS service and mobility. It achieves transparency by using the enhanced GANC to emulate necessary SGSN services. Seamless continuity of GSM/UMTS services is also provided by a new session/mobility management mechanism using simultaneous radios in connected mode. The existing APN mechanisms in SGSN remain unchanged with the Enhanced Up solution but DNS re-configuration is required. The Combined GANC/SGSN and GAN lu-mode proposals support the existing APN mechanism and does not require the re-configuration the DNS for APN resolution.

| +|

3. GAN Enhancements shall minimize the additional complexity on existing GANCs if applicable.

|

GANCs that support the proposed enhancements would be modified in all proposals. But existing GANCs need not be affected by any proposed solution if the existing GANC is not expected to support the enhancement proposals. For Enhanced Up proposal, the GANC is enhanced to include overlaid GA-SM protocol (used only when the user is in eGAN mode), Session Management function and Proxy-Gn mobility function for PS domain. Standardized interfaces that need to be additionally supported at the GANC are: Gn, Ga (CGF) and Ge (Camel). GA-SM protocol is a new protocol replacing the two protocols GA-PSR and 3GPP TS 24.008 [4] SM for the PS domain control plane, and the user plane is carried transparently over IETF GRE. The Enhanced Up proposal:

  1. 1) Does not change anything in the CS domain (Up GA-CSR interface as well as A, Lb and Bc interfaces).
  2. 2) Fully reuses all the authentication/security mechanisms and interfaces (Up, Wm).
  3. 3) Fully reuses the discovery/registration mechanisms with only three additional parameters (UE capability, GANC capability, GA-SM address) in existing Up GA-RC messages.

For the Combined GANC/SGSN proposal, the GANC is enhanced to include all the functions defined for SGSNs. Standardized interfaces that need to be additionally supported at the GANC are: Gr, Gn, Ga, and Ge. No new protocol needs to be defined (i.e. the Up-interface part of the Combined GANC/SGSN is unchanged). The Combined GANC/SGSN solution fully re-uses all existing GAN procedures.

  1. 1) The Combined GANC/SGSN is not complicated by the introduction of another set of RAN-CN interfaces.

For GAN lu-mode proposal, the GANC is enhanced to provide the functions needed to support the RNC side of the lu interface. Standardized UTRAN interfaces that need to be additionally supported at the GANC are: lu-cs, lu-ps, lu-bc, and lu-pc. A new GA-RRC protocol is defined for a common CS and PS control plane protocol, replacing GA-CSR and GA-PSR, when the UE is using GAN lu-mode.

| + +| | GAN Enhancement Objectives from subclause 4.1 | Comparison of the Enhanced Up, Combined GANC/SGSN, and GAN lu-mode Proposals | +|--|------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | |

For the GAN lu-mode proposal:

  1. 1) GAN lu-mode GANCs performs a subset of RNC functions for lu interfaces, lu-bc, and lu-pc.

GANC is not complicated by the introduction of SGSN equivalent CN functions (e.g. CAMEL support, billing interfaces, etc.).

| + +| | GAN Enhancement Objectives from subclause 4.1 | Comparison of the Enhanced Up, Combined GANC/SGSN, and GAN lu-mode Proposals | +|----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 4. | GAN Enhancements shall minimize the additional complexity on terminals (see case 1b above). |

The Combined GANC/SGSN proposal doesn't impact the terminal implementation in any way. All GAN capable terminals will gain from the optimization performed on the network side.

The Enhanced Up proposal adds:

  1. 1) a GA-SM signalling protocol for EGAN mode only, on top of existing IPsec and UDP;
  2. 2) a Multi-Access Session Manager and EGAN access mode switch below Application IP layer and above NAS-layers, which does not impact existing SMREG-SAP interface.

The MA-SM entity manages the SM and GA-SM sessions and makes the decisions to switch between these two sessions. The Enhanced Up proposal has no impact to legacy NAS in non-EGAN mode and to legacy Access Stratum.

The GAN lu-mode adds a new GA-RRC protocol which combines the functions of GA-CSR and GA-PSR protocols to follow the UTRAN RRC protocol model. The GAN lu-mode proposal supports the existing NAS functions.

| + +| GAN Enhancement Objectives from subclause 4.1 | Comparison of the Enhanced Up, Combined GANC/SGSN, and GAN lu-mode Proposals | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +|

5. GAN Enhancements shall reduce the complexity for delivery of CS and PS services.

  • • E.g. by reducing the number of functions and/or protocol overhead.
|

Both the Enhanced Up and the Combined GANC/SGSN proposals do not affect the CS services at all but do inherit any enhancements available on the A-interface. The GAN lu-mode supports the lu-cs interface of the CN - UTRAN CS domain architecture which centralizes audio transcoding, supports TrFO for all codecs including AMR-WB, and supports the all-IP architecture with lu over IP. PS complexity is reduced in all proposals in different ways:

  • • For Enhanced Up, the number of nodes is reduced (hence eliminating Gb) and the control plane overhead is eliminated by reducing the number of signalling layers (NAS+LLC+GA-PSR+GA-RC are replaced by GA-SM). The user plane overhead is also eliminated by reducing the number of user plane layers (SNDPCP+LLC+GA-PSR are replaced by a tunnelling protocol e.g. IETF GRE). Any redundant/unnecessary functions (e.g. authentication, ciphering, flow control, transport channel establishment, RAB assignment, etc.) are eliminated. It eliminates the use of ATM by combining RAN and CN functions.
  • • For Combined GANC/SGSN, the number of nodes is reduced and the complexity is reduced by eliminating the Gb interface.
  • • For GAN lu-mode, redundant/unnecessary functions in 2G-SGSN are eliminated (e.g. ciphering, flow control, etc.). The user plane overhead is reduced by removing SNDPCP/LLC layers. GAN lu-mode enables the use of 3G-SGSNs, the Rel. 7 3G-SGSN direct tunnel feature for the user plane when possible (main restrictions are Lawful Interception, SGSN volume charging and roaming in VPLMN per 3GPP TS 23.060 [6]), and evolution to all-IP network (lu over IP).

PDP context activation in GAN/EGAN mode requires different number of message exchanges for the different proposals:

  • • For Enhanced Up, the number of message exchanges for PDP activation is 4 after IPsec establishment/GAN registration. GSM/UMTS security functions (authentication and security mode control) do not happen since it is already covered in by the IPsec tunnel and EAP-SIM authentication. Note if there is a need to hand-out to GERAN/UTRAN, refer to discussion of Enhanced Up handover signalling in objective #10.
  • • For combined GANC/SGSN, the number of message exchanges for PDP activation is a maximum of 11 after IPsec establishment/GAN registration - the same number as GERAN PDP activation on GERAN to comply with TS 24.008 layer 3 core network protocol operations. This includes the GSM/GPRS security functions.
  • • For GAN lu-mode, the number of message exchanges for PDP activation is a maximum of 18 after IPsec establishment/GAN registration - the same number as PDP activation on UTRAN to comply with 3GPP TS 24.008 [4] layer 3 core network protocol operations. This includes the GSM/UMTS security functions.

NOTE: When a PDP Context is activated in GAN/EGAN mode the corresponding PDP activation required for GERAN/UTRAN mode frequently occurs in the background (i.e. not in the real time path) for most use cases (e.g. for data session handover between GERAN/UTRAN and Wi-Fi) and so the

| + +| | GAN Enhancement Objectives from subclause 4.1 | Comparison of the Enhanced Up, Combined GANC/SGSN, and GAN lu-mode Proposals | +|----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | number of messages exchanged does not necessarily affect the user experience. | +| 6. |

GAN Enhancements shall reduce the user-plane latency for delivery of PS services.

  • E.g. by reducing number of functions / protocol overhead.
|

User-plane latency for delivery of PS services is reduced in all proposals in different ways.

The Enhanced Up proposal reduces the user-plane latency by:

  1. 1) Minimizing the number of nodes (GANC is directly connected to GGSN).
  2. 2) Minimizing the number of user plane layers (SNDPC+LLC+GA-PSR are replaced by a tunnelling protocol such as IETF GRE), hence reducing the total number of overhead octets in the user plane data packets.
  3. 3) It also eliminates the queues for flow control, SNDPC/LLC, XID negotiations and LLC en/decapsulation as well as processing delay for ciphering as GAN lu-mode.

The Combined GANC/SGSN proposal reduces the user-plane latency by:

  • Minimizing the number of nodes (GANC is combined with 2G/3G SGSN and is directly connected to GGSN); and
  • Removing the Gb-interface and all the related protocol layers (network services, BSSGP, and physical layer) and therefore the corresponding queues;
  • Configuring the LLC layer to disable ciphering and the SNDPC layer to disable compression while the MS is in GAN mode.

The GAN lu-mode proposal reduces user-plane latency by eliminating 2G-SGSN functions:

  1. 1) Queues for SNDPC/LLC processing, XID negotiations and LLC encapsulation/de-encapsulation.
  2. 2) Queues for flow control, flow control architecture (BVC/PFC/CIR control), queues for supporting QoS-enabled packet forwarding.
  3. 3) Processing delay for ciphering.
| +| 7. |

GAN Enhancements shall be compatible / shall align with other 3GPP Core Network enhancements e.g. "one tunnel approach" for PS services.

|

All solutions are compatible with the 3GPP Core Network although using different interfaces to achieve this.

The Enhanced Up and the Combined GANC/SGSN proposals support A and Gn interface to the Core Network. This provides the equivalent of the "one tunnel approach" between the GANC node and the GGSN.

The GAN lu-mode proposal supports the lu-CS and lu-PS interface to the Core Network and as such supports the Rel. 7 "one tunnel approach".

All solutions will be able to align with 3GPP Core Network enhancements related to each solution's chosen interface to the Core Network.

| +| 8. |

GAN Enhancements shall overcome the limitations imposed by using the Gb interface.

|

All of the GAN Enhancement proposals remove the Gb interface to overcome the limitations imposed by that interface when using the GAN Enhancements.

| +| 9. |

GAN Enhancements shall provide optimized support for operators using GSM-only, UMTS-only, or combined GSM/UMTS networks.

  • E.g. no changes to existing core network nodes/interfaces.

NOTE: The term GSM includes as well GPRS.

|

The GAN Enhancement proposals support the GSM-only, UMTS-only, and combined GSM/UMTS network types as follows:

Enhanced Up: Use Dual-Mode CN products (i.e. 2G/3G MSC) to support all three network types.

Combined GANC/SGSN: Use Dual-Mode CN products (i.e. 2G/3G MSC, 2G/3G GGSN) to support all three network types

GAN lu-mode: Add support for UMTS-only network type to GAN via the lu interface on UMTS Core Networks. (GSM-only and combined GSM/UMTS networks are already supported by legacy GAN).

| +| 10 |

GAN Enhancements shall provide seamless mobility

|

Seamless mobility for CS and PS are supported by all

| + +| | GAN Enhancement Objectives from subclause 4.1 | Comparison of the Enhanced Up, Combined GANC/SGSN, and GAN lu-mode Proposals | +|--|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | for CS and seamless mobility for PS including PS conversational services. |

proposals.

Seamless PS mobility is supported in different ways for the solutions:

Enhanced Up supports a mobility mechanism using simultaneous radios for mobility in connected mode and IPsec tunnelling for mobility in idle mode (no need for paging areas LA/RA concept). It also supports two parallel data flows over the GERAN/UTRAN and eGAN radio interfaces. The switch between the flows is managed by the MS and the GANC. Maximum number of messages needed for GERAN/UTRAN to GAN or GAN to GERAN/UTRAN handover is 6. GSM/UMTS security functions (authentication and security mode control) do not happen in eGAN mode since they are already covered by the IPsec tunnel and EAP-SIM authentication.

In case the mobile is detached from GERAN/UTRAN (e.g. due to MS hibernation (see Note below) or loss of GERAN/UTRAN coverage while in EGAN), the maximum number of messages needed for hand-out to GERAN/UTRAN is 14, including GPRS attach procedure, security functions, and PDP context activation/modification procedures for the first PDP context and 2 additional messages for each additional PDP context.

NOTE 1: Hibernation mode is not currently defined for GAN terminal operation and so the reference to this mode here is merely intended to indicate than an MS operating in GAN mode is able to completely shut down its GERAN/UTRAN radio interface for an implementation specific period of time.

Combined GANC/SGSN supports GAN PS Handover based on GAN PS HO defined in Rel-7 (i.e. legacy approach of MM/PDP Context transfers is maintained to allow for knowledge of PDP Context activation in GAN mode to be kept in the serving network node regardless of MS mobility pattern). For UTRAN to GAN handover and GAN to UTRAN handover, it performs the inter-system, inter-SGSN/intra-SGSN HO. The maximum number of messages needed for the handover is 23 - the same number as UTRAN-GERAN (or GERAN-UTRAN) handover to comply with 3GPP TS 24.008 [4] layer 3 core network protocol operation This includes the GSM/GPRS security functions.

GAN lu-mode supports PS handover for UTRAN and treats GAN as a 3G RAN. This means the "Support of Handover to GAN" feature in RNCs will not be required. (work is in progress to attempt to remove the requirement for this feature for the legacy GAN solution as well but this is FFS).

For UTRAN to GAN handover and GAN to UTRAN handover, it performs the inter-system, inter-SGSN/intra-SGSN HO procedure. The maximum number of messages needed for handover is 20 - the same number as UTRAN-GERAN handover to comply with 3GPP TS 24.008 [4] layer 3 core network protocol operation. This includes the GSM/UMTS security functions.

NOTE 2: The number of control plane messages required to perform the GERAN/UTRAN - GAN handover or GAN to GERAN/UTRAN handover procedures is not necessarily indicative of the user experience as measured by the duration of packet flow interruption.

| + +| | GAN Enhancement Objectives from subclause 4.1 | Comparison of the Enhanced Up, Combined GANC/SGSN, and GAN Iu-mode Proposals | +|----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 11 | GAN Enhancements shall minimize "Enhanced GAN mode" power consumption on handsets. |

All of the GAN Enhancement proposals permit the support of hibernation mode (see Note in objective #10).

Combined GANC/SGSN and GAN Iu-mode maintains active PDP contexts through GAN regardless of whether or not hibernation mode is used.

When hibernation is used with Enhanced Up, PDP context activation via GERAN/UTRAN may be lost. In such case, Enhanced Up mode will perform PDP activation on GERAN/UTRAN for all active PDP contexts in eGAN to hand-out to GERAN/UTRAN mode. See objective #10 for more details.

| + +# 7 Conclusion + +This feasibility study concludes that all three proposals are feasible. The three proposals address the GAN Enhancement objectives in subclause 4.1 in different ways. + +## Enhanced Up Proposal + +This proposal is considered feasible and provides the benefits of PS domain overhead reduction in terms of protocol and procedures. However it changes the location of the intelligence for handover decision from below NAS for GAN to above SM/MM for Enhanced Up. As the Enhanced Up proposal puts the intelligence and the switch between eGAN mode and 3GPP mode on top of the SM/MM layer, it is considered outside the scope of GAN, where the switch between GAN mode and GERAN/UTRAN lies in the Access Stratum layer, for the purpose of the present document. + +### Combined GANC/SGSN Proposal + +This proposal is considered feasible; however, it is believed that it can already be delivered as a product implementation option based on the existing GAN specification. + +### GAN Iu-mode Proposal + +This proposal is considered feasible and suggests a new mode of GAN based on the Iu-interface. This is equivalent to the original GAN but where the original GAN is based on A/Gb as the interface between the GAN and the Core network so the GANC appears to the rest of the network as if it was a BSC, the Iu mode is based the Iu interface as the interface between the GAN and the core network so the GANC appears to the rest of the network as if it was an RNC. The GAN Iu-mode proposal satisfies the objectives in subclause 4.1 including the support of UMTS-only networks (without the need for 2G core network functionality) and UMTS architectural advantages such as transcoding controlled by the core network (i.e. AMR-WB with TrFO) and all-IP interfaces to the core network. Further, as noted, the Combined GANC/SGSN solution can be realized through product implementations, thus, it complements the GAN Iu-mode solution. An operator may deploy GAN Iu-mode GANCs; and deploy Combined GANC/SGSNs for serving the A/Gb-mode-only terminals. In this sense, the GAN Iu-mode proposal allows the flexibility of both enhancement techniques for GAN operators. + +It is recommended that GERAN proceeds with the GAN Iu-mode proposal as the GAN Enhancement solution out of three feasible candidates studied in the present document. + +# Annex A: Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|----|-----|--------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 2007-08 | 35 | GP-071485 | | | Presented at GERAN#35 Plenary for Approval | | 7.0.0 | +| | | | | | Editorial improvement (ETSI EditHelp) | 7.0.0 | 7.0.1 | +| 2008-12 | 40 | | | | Version for Release 8 | 7.0.1 | 8.0.0 | +| 2009-12 | 44 | | | | Version for Release 9 | 8.0.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 2011-03 | 49 | | | | Version for Release 10 | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 2012-09 | 55 | | | | Version for Release 11 | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | +| | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | 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Overview..... | 10 | +| 5.1 Background ..... | 10 | +| 5.2 Architecture..... | 11 | +| 5.2.1 Legacy Architecture ..... | 11 | +| 5.2.2 PCM encoded speech (G.711) over IP ..... | 12 | +| 5.2.3 Compressed speech over IP..... | 13 | +| 5.2.4 Example Deployment Scenarios..... | 15 | +| 5.3 Functional Impacts ..... | 19 | +| 5.3.1 G.711 and compressed speech over IP ..... | 19 | +| 5.3.2 Support for Data and Fax Services ..... | 20 | +| 5.3.3 Functional Impacts for Migration..... | 20 | +| 6 Study Results, User Plane ..... | 20 | +| 6.1 User Plane Principles ..... | 20 | +| 6.1.1 Transport network User Plane for A over IP..... | 20 | +| 6.1.1.1 PCM coded speech (G.711) over IP ..... | 20 | +| 6.1.1.2 Compressed speech and data/fax over IP ..... | 21 | +| 6.1.2 Transport network Control Plane for A over IP ..... | 21 | +| 6.1.3 Potential impact on the Nb and Nc interfaces ..... | 21 | +| 6.2 Payload Formats..... | 21 | +| 6.2.1 Existing TRAU Frames for Speech..... | 21 | +| 6.2.2 RTP profiles for speech..... | 25 | +| 6.2.2.1 RTP profiles for G.711 encoded speech on the A over IP interface..... | 25 | +| 6.2.2.2 RTP profiles for compressed speech on the A over IP ..... | 25 | +| 6.2.2.3 RTP profiles for compressed speech on Nb interface..... | 26 | +| 6.2.3 RTP profiles for data and fax calls..... | 26 | +| 6.2.3.1 RTP profiles for data and fax calls with rate adaptation in BSS ..... | 26 | +| 6.2.3.2 RTP profiles for data and fax calls with rate adaptation in CN..... | 26 | +| 6.3 Transport Layer..... | 27 | +| 6.3.1 Link Layer and Physical Layer..... | 27 | +| 6.3.2 UDP and IP..... | 27 | +| 6.3.3 RTP..... | 27 | +| 6.3.4 RTCP..... | 27 | +| 6.3.5 IP Multiplexing..... | 27 | +| 6.4 Handover Procedure (User Plane)..... | 28 | +| 6.4.1 Alternative 1 ..... | 28 | +| 6.4.1.1 General Handover Procedure..... | 28 | +| 6.4.1.2 Intra-BSC Handover to a compatible target cell..... | 28 | +| 6.4.1.3 Intra-BSC Handover to an incompatible target cell..... | 28 | +| 6.4.1.4 Inter-BSC Handover ..... | 28 | +| 6.4.2 Alternative 2 ..... | 28 | +| 6.5 Time Alignment ..... | 28 | +| 6.5.1 Introduction ..... | 28 | +| 6.5.2 Time Alignment principles..... | 29 | +| 6.5.3 Time Alignment performances evaluation ..... | 30 | +| 6.5.4 Proposed implementation ..... | 31 | +| 6.5.5 Summary..... | 32 | + +| | | | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 7 | Study Results, Control Plane ..... | 33 | +| 7.1 | Control Plane Principles..... | 33 | +| 7.1.1 | Exchange of Transport Layer Information ..... | 33 | +| 7.1.2 | Need for a Call Identifier for IP-based calls..... | 34 | +| 7.1.3 | Exchange of Codec Information..... | 35 | +| 7.1.3.1 | Exchange of Codec Information at Call Establishment..... | 35 | +| 7.1.3.2 | Exchange of Codec Information at Handover ..... | 37 | +| 7.1.4 | Location of Transcoder Resource in BSS or CN..... | 38 | +| 7.1.5 | Exchange of RTP Parameters ..... | 38 | +| 7.2 | Signalling Messages..... | 40 | +| 7.2.1 | BSSMAP ..... | 40 | +| 7.2.1.1 | Assignment Request ..... | 40 | +| 7.2.1.2 | Assignment Complete..... | 40 | +| 7.2.1.3 | Handover Required..... | 41 | +| 7.2.1.4 | Handover Request..... | 42 | +| 7.2.1.5 | Handover Request Acknowledge..... | 43 | +| 7.2.1.6 | Handover Performed..... | 43 | +| 7.2.1.7 | Complete Layer 3 Information ..... | 44 | +| 7.2.1.8 | BSC-SCL and MSC-PCL ..... | 44 | +| 7.2.1.9 | Speech Codec (Chosen)..... | 45 | +| 7.2.1.10 | Speech Codec (Used)..... | 45 | +| 7.2.1.11 | Circuit Switched Data Codec (CSD Dummy Codec)..... | 45 | +| 7.2.2 | DTAP..... | 46 | +| 7.2.3 | VGCS/VBS Protocol ..... | 46 | +| 7.2.4 | H.248 Protocol..... | 46 | +| 7.3 | Procedures ..... | 46 | +| 7.3.1 | Codec Negotiation at Call Setup ..... | 46 | +| 7.3.2 | Codec Negotiation at Handover ..... | 48 | +| 7.3.2.1 | Intra-BSC Handover to a Compatible Target Cell..... | 49 | +| 7.3.2.2 | Intra-BSC Handover to an Incompatible Target Cell..... | 49 | +| 7.3.2.3 | Inter-BSC Handover ..... | 52 | +| 7.3.3 | Codec Re-Negotiation after Inter-BSC Handover..... | 54 | +| 7.4 | Impacts on the A Interface Control Plane ..... | 56 | +| 7.4.1 | New Information Element: BSC-SCL..... | 56 | +| 7.4.2 | New Information Element: MSC-PCL..... | 58 | +| 7.4.3 | New Information Element: Speech Codec (Chosen)..... | 59 | +| 7.4.4 | New Information Element: Speech Codec (Used) ..... | 59 | +| 8 | Informative: Network Design Issues..... | 60 | +| 8.1 | Solution 1 ..... | 60 | +| 8.2 | Solution 2 ..... | 60 | +| 9 | Expected impacts to existing specifications..... | 60 | +| 10 | Summary and Conclusion ..... | 60 | +| Annex A (informative): | Change history..... | 62 | + +# --- Foreword + +This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). + +The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: + +Version x.y.z + +where: + +- x the first digit: + - 1 presented to TSG for information; + - 2 presented to TSG for approval; + - 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. +- y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. +- z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. + +# --- Introduction + +The present document captures the results of the feasibility study for introducing support for A-interface over IP. + +# --- 1 Scope + +The present document contains the result from the study of introduction of support for A-interface over IP. High level areas that are studied are e.g. potential placement of transcoders in the core network, effective bandwidth utilisation at the A-interface, impact on call related messages, payload formats. + +The following items shall be covered in the study: + +- In the target solution it is wanted to transfer compressed speech as far as possible end-to-end to achieve efficient transport and speech quality. The possibility to free GERAN from handling all kind of transcoders shall be studied, and the architecture might place Codecs in the core network. +- Impacts/changes on current A-interface procedures resulting from placing transcoders in the core network as well as in the BSS shall be studied, e.g. impacts on the assignment and handover procedures. +- In addition to allow compressed speech over the A-interface the study shall provide further solution for effective bandwidth utilisation at the A interface, which means it shall describe multiplexing of RTP flows and how this will be negotiated between the BSS and CN nodes. +- The study shall describe a solution for "true end-to-end Codec negotiation", which considers on a call basis the preference/situation of the radio network. +- It shall be studied how call related messages have to be adapted, e.g. transfer of Codec related information, identification of calls/sessions. +- The study shall describe the wanted payload formats and other relevant user plane parameters like packetization time etc. + +# --- 2 References + +The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. + +- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. + - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. + - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document *in the same Release as the present document*. +- [1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". +- [2] 3GPP TS 23.205: "Bearer-independent circuit-switched core network". +- [3] 3GPP TS 25.415: "UTRAN Iu Interface User Plane Protocols". +- [4] 3GPP TS 48.006: "Signaling Transport Mechanism Specification for the Base Station System - Mobile-services Switching Centre (BSS - MSC) Interface". +- [5] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network architecture (Release 8)". +- [6] 3GPP TS 48.008: "Mobile Switching Centre - Base Station System (MSC-BSS) interface Layer 3 specification". +- [7] 3GPP TS 48.060: "In-band control for remote transcoders and rate adaptors for full rate traffic channels". +- [8] 3GPP TS 48.061: "In-band control for remote transcoders and rate adaptors for half rate traffic channels". +- [9] 3GPP TS 26.103: "Speech Codec list for GSM and UMTS". +- [10] 3GPP TS 29.802: "(G)MSC-S - (G)MSC-S Nc Interface based on the SIP-I protocol". +- [11] 3GPP TS 23.153: "Out of band transcoder control; Stage 2". + +- [12] 3GPP TS 23.231: "SIP-I based circuit-switched core network; Stage 2". +- [13] 3GPP TS 29.414: "Core network Nb data transport and transport signalling". +- [14] 3GPP TS 25.415: "UTRAN Iu interface user plane protocols". +- [15] 3GPP TS 29.415: "Core Network Nb Interface User Plane Protocols". +- [16] 3GPP TS 28.062: "Inband Tandem Free Operation (TFO) of speech codecs; Service description; Stage 3". +- [17] 3GPP TS 26.093: "Mandatory speech codec speech processing functions Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) speech codec; Source controlled rate operation". +- [18] IETF RFC 4040: "RTP Payload Format for a 64 kbit/s Transparent Call". +- [19] IETF RFC 3551: "RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control". +- [20] IETF RFC 768: "User Datagram Protocol". +- [21] IETF RFC 791: "Internet Protocol". +- [22] IETF RFC 792: "Internet Control Message Protocol". +- [23] IETF RFC 2460: "Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification". +- [24] IETF RFC 4443: "Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification". +- [25] IETF RFC 4867: "RTP Payload Format and File Storage Format for the Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) and Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband (AMR-WB) Audio Codecs". + +# 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +**example:** text used to clarify abstract rules by applying them literally. + +For the sake of easy explanation the following short terms are defined: + +### **Legacy MSC Server:** + +The Legacy MSC server does not support AoIP. + +### **Legacy MGW:** + +The Legacy MGW does not support AoIP. + +### **Legacy BSS:** + +The Legacy BSS does not support AoIP. + +### **New MSC Server:** + +The New MSC Server supports only the AoIP-interface. + +Legacy BSSes are not supported by a New MSC Server. + +### **Upgraded MSC Server:** + +The Upgraded MSC Server supports both, the TDM A-interface and the IP A-interface. Both kinds of interfaces could work simultaneously for different BSSs. It is claimed by some companies (e.g. Ericsson) that it is necessary to support AoTDM and AoIP also for the same, Upgraded BSS. + +Also legacy BSS, i.e. without any change, is supported by an Upgraded MSC Server. + +### **New MGW:** + +The New MGW supports all UMTS and GSM Codecs as specified in 3GPP TS 26.103 [18] and has only an IP interface towards the BSS. The New MGW does not support AoTDM, not TFO and not PCMoIP. + +### **Upgraded MGW:** + +The Upgraded MGW supports most or all UMTS and GSM Codecs as specified in 3GPP TS 26.103 [9] and has an IP + +interface towards the BSS. The Upgraded MGW supports both, AoIP and AoTDM. It supports PCMoIP and optionally TFO on any PCM link. + +### **New Core Network:** + +A New Core Network has only New MSC Servers and New MGWs. + +### **Upgraded Core Network:** + +A Core Network, where at least one MSC-Server or one MGW is upgraded to handle AoIP, while AoTDM, TFO or PCMoIP may be handled by some MSC-Servers or MGWs still. + +### **Transcoder-less BSS:** + +A Transcoder-less BSS supports only AoIP, not AoTDM any longer. There is no way to use transcoders in a Transcoder-less BSS. It is not compatible to legacy core networks. + +### **Upgraded BSS:** + +An Upgraded BSS starts from AoTDM with transcoders in BSS and ends potentially in AoIP without any transcoders in BSS and without AoTDM, i.e. as "Transcoder-less BSS". But several intermediate deployment scenarios are allowed for a safe and flexible migration. In order to be able to interwork with any kind of core network it seems obvious that AoTDM and AoIP will be needed in parallel for some time in most BSS vendors development strategies. The Upgraded BSS has the option to report its capability to the CN. + +For the purposes of the present document, the following concepts apply: + +| | | +|----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Codec Type | Any of the existing GSM Codec Types, like GSM_FR, GSM_HR, GSM_EFR, FR_AMR, HR_AMR, FR_AMR-WB, see 26.103. | +| Codec Configuration | mainly used in context of AMR and AMR-WB to specify the mode set to be used during the call, e.g.
NB-Set1 = {(12.2) – 7.4 – 5.9 – 4.75}
WB-Set0 = {12.65 – 8.85 – 6.60} | +| Compatible Codec Configurations | Codec Configurations that do not require transcoding, although the Codec Types and Configurations may be different, e.g. FR_AMR(set 1) to HR_AMR (set 1), i.e. .
FR_AMR {12.2 – 7.4 – 5.9 – 4.75} to
HR_AMR { 7.4 – 5.9 – 4.75} | +| Interface Type | The A-Interface will exist in various types, e.g. as AoTDM or AoIP (target) | + +## **3.2 Symbols** + +None. + +## **3.3 Abbreviations** + +For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. + +| | | +|--------|-------------------------------------------------| +| AoIP | A over IP | +| AoTDM | A over TDM | +| CIC | Call Identifier Code or Circuit Identifier Code | +| GCP | Gateway Control Protocol (H.248) | +| MS-SCL | Mobile Station – Supported Codec List | +| PCL | (MSC-) Preferred Codec List | +| SCL | Supported Codec List (in OoBTC) | + +# --- 4 Requirements + +- 1) The transport protocol for the BSC-MGW interface (user-plane) shall be IP based. +- 2) There shall be no impact on legacy and all GERAN MS/UE. +- 3) Legacy BSCs with TDM interface shall be supported. +- 4) TrFO shall be supported. +- 5) Any proposed solution shall not preclude the use of any existing speech Codec (this includes GSM EFR, GSM FR, GSM HR, AMR-WB, AMR-FR and AMR-HR) supported by GERAN in Rel-8. +- 6) It shall be possible to re/use 2G/3G MGW/MSC hardware. +- 7) All teleservices, bearer services, VGCS and supplementary services defined for GSM shall be supported on the BSC-MGW interface. +- 8) There shall be no impact on the GERAN radio interface (Um interface). +- 9) There shall be no impact on the BTS hardware and software. An exception could be in the case of TC is removed from the BSC (FFS), then there may be impact to the BTS software. +- 10) A-flex shall be supported. +- 11) TFO shall not be mandated. An exception is for the case of the TC remains in the BSC (FFS). +- 12) Multiplexing of user-plane data shall be possible. +- 13) GSM/AMR Codec adaptation shall be possible, e.g. due to overloading of the BSC or radio conditions. The GSM/AMR Codec adaptation delay shall be in the same order as in the current A-interface solution. +- 14) End-to-end speech delay shall not be increased. Congestion in the IP transport may introduce additional delay; however the end-to-end delay shall not exceed the ITU recommendation [G.114]. +- 15) It shall be possible to secure the BSC-MGW interface (see item e) below). +- 16) It shall be possible to automatically configure IP addresses and transport layer ports (e.g. RTCP, UDP port numbers). Whether manual configuration is possible is FFS. +- 17) Speech interruption times during handovers shall be in the same order as in the current TDM implementations. +- 18) The interaction of dynamic AMR Codec change and TrFO shall not degrade the overall quality of the speech in the case of MS to MS calls. +- 19) BTS synchronization requirements as stated in 45.010 clause 5 shall be fulfilled. The means to achieve this are implementation specific. + +For further investigation in feasibility study: + +- a) The location of the TC (in BSC and/or MGW). +- b) Bandwidth efficiency improvements through use of compressed Codec (GSM EFR, GSM FR, GSM HR, AMR-WB, AMR-FR and AMR-HR) on the BSC-MGW interface. +- c) Smooth migration from the legacy A-interface to the new BSC-MGW IP-based interface. +- d) The manual configuration of IP addresses and any transport layer ports, e.g. RTCP or UDP port numbers. +- e) Since IP transport is vulnerable to unauthorised intrusions, security aspects shall be investigated. +- f) Whether to align the support of IPv4 or IPv6 for the U-plane according to the C-plane. +- g) Support for GAN. + +# 5 Overview + +## 5.1 Background + +BSS (Base Station System) over IP is a technique trend in wireless network evolution, which can construct high bandwidth, high efficiency and low cost basic networks. BSS over IP involves Gb interface and A interface over IP. For Gb interface over IP, it has been standardised in 3GPP Release 4. For A interface over IP, control plane signalling over IP (SIGTRAN) has been introduced in 3GPP Release 7 while certain features (e.g. MSC in Pool and Layered Architecture) require an intermediate signalling network for best performance. + +During the specification drafting of A interface control plane signalling over IP in 3GPP Release 7, some operators expressed the concern that in order to take full advantage of IP based technologies the protocols of A interface user plane should be adapted for IP based transport. + +The IP based transport protocols provide a low cost intermediate network which is very attractive to the operators because CAPEX and OPEX can be significantly reduced. + +A interface over IP can also simplify the implementation of MSCs in a pool. Furthermore, UTRAN network and more advanced RAN can use a common IP backhaul with GERAN. + +In mobile networks many domains and interfaces within and between those domains have already been adapted to IP technology or are on the way to introduce IP as an alternative to ATM and TDM based technologies. For example the BICN (Bearer Independent Core Network [2]) has introduced IP in the CS domain and there is support of IP at the Iu interface towards the 3G radio network [3]. While IP based A-interface signaling is introduced in 3GPP release 7 [4], the user plane of the A-interface is still solely based on TDM transmission technology. + +![Diagram illustrating the A interface between an IP based BSS and an IP based CS Domain. The diagram shows two main components: 'IP based BSS' on the left and 'IP based CS Domain' on the right, connected by two horizontal lines. Above the top line is a callout box labeled 'A interface signalling over M3UA/SCTP/IP'. Below the bottom line is a callout box labeled 'A interface user data over 64 kbps circuits'. A dashed vertical line separates the two components, and solid vertical lines connect the callout boxes to their respective interface lines.](b0211cee4b20034939d883ac0d70f696_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the A interface between an IP based BSS and an IP based CS Domain. The diagram shows two main components: 'IP based BSS' on the left and 'IP based CS Domain' on the right, connected by two horizontal lines. Above the top line is a callout box labeled 'A interface signalling over M3UA/SCTP/IP'. Below the bottom line is a callout box labeled 'A interface user data over 64 kbps circuits'. A dashed vertical line separates the two components, and solid vertical lines connect the callout boxes to their respective interface lines. + +**Figure 5.1.1: Today only the TDM based user plane prevents operators from achieving an ALL-IP implementation in the GSM radio and core networks** + +One of the main advantages of having IP based A-interface for the user plane is a much more flexible network design between the BSS and the CS core. + +Furthermore IP hardware in the nodes and IP site and backbone infrastructure can be shared by the A-interface control plane and the user plane. A separation of the signaling network from the user plane can be achieved by using technologies like VLAN tagging, virtual routing etc. This will allow the operator to abolish TDM hardware and TDM infrastructure and by that reduce OPEX and CAPEX. + +Further on in most of the current networks, both BSS and CN have transcoding functionality, i.e. Transcoder in BSS and Media Gateway (MGW) in CN. Some core networks have been upgraded to convey compressed speech over IP transport. In this case, removing TC from BSS and transfer compressed speech over A interface will reduce cost of transcoder device, reduce cost of transport resource and improve voice quality by implementing TrFO. + +## 5.2 Architecture + +### 5.2.1 Legacy Architecture + +The current A-interface has signaling over IP defined (SIGTRAN) in addition to the original signaling using TDM signaling transport. But, as stated before, for the user plane only TDM transmission is defined, with transcoding always located inside the BSS. The only Codec defined for this TDM A-Interface is PCM (G.711). In addition TFO may exist, which tunnels compressed speech through this PCM link between TRAU and MGW. + +![Diagram of the current legacy architecture showing the connection between two BSSs through MSC-S and MGW nodes.](5e92d9e8e9ce204e405bff2367f88176_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the legacy architecture for voice transmission. Two Base Station Systems (BSS) are shown on the left and right. Each BSS contains a TRAU (Transcoder and Rate Adaptation Unit) block, which includes a transcoder (represented by a blue circle). The TRAU is connected to an MSC-S (Mobile Switching Center - Server) via a dashed line labeled 'A (IP or TDM)' for signaling. The TRAU is also connected to an MGW (Media Gateway) via a solid line labeled 'A/TDM' for the user plane. The MSC-S is connected to the MGW via a dashed line labeled 'Mc/IP' for signaling. The two MGWs are connected to each other via a solid line labeled 'Nb' for the user plane. The two MSC-S nodes are connected to each other via a dashed line labeled 'Nc' for signaling. A legend at the bottom indicates that dashed lines represent signaling and solid lines represent the user plane, and a blue circle represents a transcoder. + +Diagram of the current legacy architecture showing the connection between two BSSs through MSC-S and MGW nodes. + +Note: the TRAU boxes include the transcoders, located somewhere in BSS. + +**Figure 5.2.1.1: Current legacy architecture** + +### 5.2.2 PCM encoded speech (G.711) over IP + +A first improvement, which is seen as an "interim" solution, can be introduced with no changes on the functional division between Base Station System (BSS) and CS Core Network, as specified in TS 48.002 [5]. Specifically the transcoding is left within the BSS. This approach focuses on migrating the existing A interface to IP; the network architecture is not really impacted. It will specify how to carry 64 kbps A-interface channels between the BSC and the MGW over an underlying IP based transport protocol; for both voice services as well as for data and fax services. + +The Codec defined for the A-Interface is still PCM, again TFO is an option. + +![Figure 5.2.2.1: Architecture for the G.711 over IP 'interim solution'. The diagram shows two BSS units connected via MSC-S and MGW nodes. Each BSS contains a TRAU (Transcoder) connected to an MGW. The MGWs are connected to each other via an Nb interface. The MSC-S nodes are connected to the MGWs via Mc/IP interfaces and to each other via an Nc interface. The A/IP interfaces connect the BSS to the MGWs. Below the MGWs, two boxes labeled '64 kbps payload' show the IP based protocol stack. A legend indicates that dashed lines represent Signalling and solid lines represent User plane. A blue circle represents a Transcoder.](27b06ec9f42b5d727a2630f61a5f1861_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the network architecture for the G.711 over IP interim solution. It features two Base Station Subsystems (BSS) on the left and right. Each BSS contains a Transcoder (TRAU) connected to a Media Gateway (MGW). The MGWs are interconnected via an Nb interface. Above each MGW is an MSC-S node connected via a Mc/IP interface. The MSC-S nodes are also interconnected via an Nc interface. The A/IP interfaces connect the BSS to the MGWs. Below the MGWs, two boxes labeled '64 kbps payload' show the IP based protocol stack. A legend indicates that dashed lines represent Signalling and solid lines represent User plane. A blue circle represents a Transcoder. + +Figure 5.2.2.1: Architecture for the G.711 over IP 'interim solution'. The diagram shows two BSS units connected via MSC-S and MGW nodes. Each BSS contains a TRAU (Transcoder) connected to an MGW. The MGWs are connected to each other via an Nb interface. The MSC-S nodes are connected to the MGWs via Mc/IP interfaces and to each other via an Nc interface. The A/IP interfaces connect the BSS to the MGWs. Below the MGWs, two boxes labeled '64 kbps payload' show the IP based protocol stack. A legend indicates that dashed lines represent Signalling and solid lines represent User plane. A blue circle represents a Transcoder. + +**Figure 5.2.2.1: Architecture for the G.711 over IP "interim solution"** + +In this case the recommended network architecture is that Media Gateways (MGWs) are co-located at the same site where the transcoders are. This is always desirable, but the high transport volume makes it quite important. To achieve better bandwidth efficiency at the A interface IP-multiplexing techniques shall become an option. The packetization time may be either 5 ms or 20 ms (FFS). + +The main advantage of this approach relates to the fact that IP solves problems related to the inflexible physical connectivity of TDM. The solution introduces the freedom to place a BSC/TRAU somewhere in an IP network. To scale the capacity of the A interface becomes much easier because another MGW can be added without considering adding TDM connectivity to local BSC/TRAUs. And obviously the deployment of A-flex will be much easier, because the BSC/TRAUs have to be "connected" with all MGWs belonging to the MSC in Pool. And, as already said above, IP hardware in the nodes and IP site and backbone infrastructure can be shared by the A-interface control plane and user plane. + +In this approach, these advantages can be achieved by using the existing transcoder pools within BSS, without requiring any new transcoder resources in MGW. This may be of especial importance for legacy Codecs, like GSM\_FR and GSM\_HR, where no future growth is expected, but which will disappear over time. + +### 5.2.3 Compressed speech over IP + +The target solution aims at carrying compressed speech in an efficient way across the A interface over the RTP/UDP/IP protocol stack. In contrast to TFO in this case the compressed speech is formatted directly and there is no PCM stream in parallel, and this allows to support TrFO. + +This solution implies a deviation from the current BSS architecture, where today PCM is used on the A interface and transcoders are functionally integrated into the BSS. + +In fact, compressed speech on the A interface can rely on transcoder resources in the Core Network and allow removal of transcoder resources from the BSS, thus impacting the functional division between the BSS and the CN. Besides improving the end-to-end speech quality, reducing the overall speech path delay and reducing the bit rate on the A interface, this approach would also reduce the overall need for transcoder resources in BSS and Core Network and could be considered as the target deployment scenario. But it will require additional transcoder resources (e.g. more DSP-power for transcoding in all Mobile-to-PSTN calls) within the Core Network and possibly new transcoder types (e.g. GSM\_HR) within the Core Network. + +For the following discussion it is exactly defined what the term "transcoder" means. So far it was in GERAN used for the transcoding between the 3GPP-Codec used on the radio interface and the G.711 Codec used on the A-Interface. The + +installed transcoder base is exactly performing this kind of transcoding and G.711 is an "integral part" of the transcoder pools. + +In contrast to that the transcoding between two different 3GPP-Codecs, e.g. between GSM\_HR and GSM\_EFR should be termed "transcoder-pair", with implicitly knowing that this transcoding is done in several steps, e.g. 1) from GSM\_HR to lin.PCM then 2) from lin.PCM to G.711 then 3) from G.711 to lin.PCM and finally 4) from lin.PCM to GSM\_EFR. (lin.PCM stands for 8kHz sampled speech with 16 bit per sample). Using the installed transcoder base involves in fact three (3!) Codecs and only the "middle one", i.e. G.711, could potentially be left out – with quite some consequences in TRAU-Pool organization and interfaces. Any other "direct" transcoding between two different 3GPP Codecs is currently NOT allowed by 3GPP Standards, because it would violate the mandatory bit exactness. If any such direct transcoding should be considered, then 3GPP-SA4 shall be consulted for evaluation and potential standardisation. Any "proprietary" shortcut is currently not allowed, since it could lead into unpredictable speech quality problems. + +Consequently in the following the terms "transcoder" and "transcoder-pair" are used, where appropriate. + +![Figure 5.2.3.1: Architecture for Compressed speech over IP, with transcoder-less BSS. The diagram shows two BSS (Base Station System) blocks on the left and right. Each BSS is connected to an MSC-S (Mobile Switching Center - Server) via an A/IP interface (dashed line for signaling, solid line for user plane). The two MSC-S blocks are connected to each other via an Nc interface (dashed line). Each MSC-S is also connected to an MGW (Media Gateway) via an Mc/IP interface (dashed line). The two MGW blocks are connected to each other via an Nb interface (solid line). Each MGW is connected to the BSS via an A/IP interface (dashed line for signaling, solid line for user plane). Below each MGW is a box labeled 'e.g. AMR coded' containing a list of 'IP based protocol stack'. A legend at the bottom indicates: dashed line = Signalling, solid line = User plane, and a blue circle = Transcoder or Transcoder-pair, typically not used in MS-to MS calls.](ddc7460821484f1ae2835c67955c554c_img.jpg) + +Figure 5.2.3.1: Architecture for Compressed speech over IP, with transcoder-less BSS. The diagram shows two BSS (Base Station System) blocks on the left and right. Each BSS is connected to an MSC-S (Mobile Switching Center - Server) via an A/IP interface (dashed line for signaling, solid line for user plane). The two MSC-S blocks are connected to each other via an Nc interface (dashed line). Each MSC-S is also connected to an MGW (Media Gateway) via an Mc/IP interface (dashed line). The two MGW blocks are connected to each other via an Nb interface (solid line). Each MGW is connected to the BSS via an A/IP interface (dashed line for signaling, solid line for user plane). Below each MGW is a box labeled 'e.g. AMR coded' containing a list of 'IP based protocol stack'. A legend at the bottom indicates: dashed line = Signalling, solid line = User plane, and a blue circle = Transcoder or Transcoder-pair, typically not used in MS-to MS calls. + +**Figure 5.2.3.1: Architecture for Compressed speech over IP, with transcoder-less BSS** + +This approach yields to align the BSS network architecture with the 3G CS core network architecture. This will allow concentrating development and deployment of transcoders within the core network. They will become part of the media gateway (MGW) and will be controlled by the MSC servers. + +When deploying a transcoder-less BSS together with a new Core Network, the transcoders (if a transcoder or transcoder-pair is needed at all for this call) are allocated in the MGW. The transcoder resource can be shared by several BSSs. A transcoder-less BSS can not be connected to a legacy Core Network. An upgraded BSS therefore has transcoders and supports AoIP. + +The Codec to be used on the radio interface and the A interface is negotiated between BSC and MSC with the goal to allow TrFO operation. In the successful case no transcoder resources are needed, neither in the BSS nor in the CN. + +Please note: BSC and MSC can not negotiate two different Codecs for the radio and the A interface, except when PCM is used on the A interface. + +As an (other) implementation option, that aims at exploiting the huge amount of transcoding resources installed in today's GSM networks, Transcoder-pairs in the BSS could be used to cover the scenarios where TrFO is not possible or not desirable, e.g. if both radio legs must use different Codecs and transcoding between the different Codecs used on both ends of the call is necessary. + +The typical approach in 3G networks is, however, to insert a transcoder or a transcoder-pair in the MGW to cover the scenarios where TrFO is not possible/desirable. In this way the MSC-Servers have full control over the end-to-end transcoder combination and therefore full control over the achieved speech quality. + +An important case for a transcoder-pair could be when Codec adaptation is required on one radio leg during a call (e.g. switch to GSM\_HR on the radio in overload condition or intra-BSS handover to an incompatible cell), and an end-to-end Codec re-negotiation to maintain TrFO operation is not desirable due to high signalling load. In this specific case the Codec adaptation can be "performed locally" within the BSS by inserting the pair of transcoders there (or remove it again at the following handover). This BSS-internal Codec change would be communicated to the rest of the network by means of the 'handover performed' message, containing the information of the Codec used on the radio interface. But the need to maintain transcoder resources in the BSS - to be used when TrFO operation is not possible/desirable – would not allow exploiting a 3G-like architecture. + +NOTE: In this case, if a 'handover performed' message contains a different Codec than the one used on the A-interface, the MSC would have to assume that a transcoder-pair has been introduced by the BSS (this needs to be discussed further). + +Since the rest of the network will be informed that the BSS inserted a transcoder-pair, situations where the voice quality can be unpredictably decreased, could be prevented. For instance, in case both radio legs perform such a Codec adaptation (e.g. both from FR\_AMR to GSM\_HR), MSC-Servers would be informed and, instead of maintaining the situation where transcoding is performed from GSM\_HR to G.711 to FR\_AMR(set 12.2) to G.711 and to GSM\_HR, they could trigger a Codec re-negotiation in the core network to achieve a much better call quality by using GSM\_HR end-to-end in such high-overload situations. Optimal would be to use FR\_AMR (set 1) and HR\_AMR (set 1), because these allow always end-to-end transcoding free operation. + +This implementation option (transcoder-pair in BSS) shall not imply any changes to the control plane and user plane signalling of the future standard for AoIP. + +![Diagram illustrating the architecture for the Compressed speech over IP solution, with transcoders in the BSS. The diagram shows two BSS units connected via A/IP interfaces to MSC-S units, which are connected via Nc interfaces. The MSC-S units are also connected via Mc/IP interfaces to MGW units, which are connected via Nb interfaces. The BSS units contain a TRAUs and a Transcoder-pair (indicated by two overlapping circles). The user plane (solid line) flows from the BSS through the MGW to the other BSS. The signalling plane (dashed line) flows from the BSS through the MSC-S to the other BSS. Below the MGW units, there are boxes labeled 'e.g. AMR coded' containing 'IP based protocol stack'. A legend at the bottom indicates that dashed lines represent Signalling, solid lines represent User plane, and two overlapping circles represent a Transcoder-pair. The BSS units are labeled with 'GSM_HR / FR_AMR' and 'FR_AMR / GSM_HR'.](f6e8acf9f931452d01688d311b5c0364_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the architecture for the Compressed speech over IP solution, with transcoders in the BSS. The diagram shows two BSS units connected via A/IP interfaces to MSC-S units, which are connected via Nc interfaces. The MSC-S units are also connected via Mc/IP interfaces to MGW units, which are connected via Nb interfaces. The BSS units contain a TRAUs and a Transcoder-pair (indicated by two overlapping circles). The user plane (solid line) flows from the BSS through the MGW to the other BSS. The signalling plane (dashed line) flows from the BSS through the MSC-S to the other BSS. Below the MGW units, there are boxes labeled 'e.g. AMR coded' containing 'IP based protocol stack'. A legend at the bottom indicates that dashed lines represent Signalling, solid lines represent User plane, and two overlapping circles represent a Transcoder-pair. The BSS units are labeled with 'GSM\_HR / FR\_AMR' and 'FR\_AMR / GSM\_HR'. + +**Figure 5.2.3.2: Architecture for the Compressed speech over IP solution, with transcoders in the BSS** + +### 5.2.4 Example Deployment Scenarios + +There is an enormous amount of transcoder resources installed in today's GSM radio networks. Therefore the "final solution" in the standard shall be flexible and allow the use of transcoders placed in the BSS or removed from the BSS and located, when needed, in the CS Core Network. In addition, e.g. for the purpose of migrating the A interface from a + +TDM to an IP interface, both TDM and IP based A interface should be supported concurrently, at least for the migration phase. + +NOTE: TFO is not mandated. As long as transcoders are kept in the BSS and G.711 is used on A (either in AoTDM or AoIP), it is an option for the operator to utilize TFO. It is not foreseen that TFO will have impacts on the AoIP work item. + +The table below shows example deployment scenarios that shall be evaluated for potential support by the signalling in the standard. It is not required that an operator has to go through different deployment scenarios. In contrast the intention is that the standard shall not hinder an operator from implementing his specific deployment strategy for AoIP. + +**Table.5.2.4-1: Example Deployment Scenarios for various BSS and CN versions** + +| Example Deployment Scenarios | TC location | AoTDM | AoIP | BSS Version | Core Network Version | +|------------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------|----------------------------|-----------------|----------------------| +| Legacy = Deployment 1 | In the BSS, for all Codec Types | Yes, only G.711 | No | legacy | legacy | +| Deployment 2 | In the BSS, for all Codec Types | possible, only G.711 | Yes, only G.711 | Upgraded | Upgraded | +| Deployment 3a | Selectable, e.g. per Codec Type | Yes, only G.711 | Yes, G.711 and 3GPP Codecs | Upgraded | Upgraded | +| Deployment 3b | Selectable, e.g. per Codec Type | Yes, only G.711 | Yes, only 3GPP Codecs | Upgraded | Upgraded | +| Deployment 4 | In the CN, for all Codec Types | No | Yes, only 3GPP Codecs | Transcoder-less | New | + +In these example deployment scenarios it is assumed that first the MSC-Server software is upgraded in one step to an upgraded MSC Server. This will then support all listed deployment scenarios (and maybe more), from legacy scenario (Deployment 1) to "Transcoder-less BSS" scenario (Deployment 4), based on O&M parameter setting in BSS and MSC and maybe on sophisticated load sharing algorithms, not detailed here. In case of optimal signalling support on BSSMAP the BSS parameters need not to be administered in the MSC a second time, which would always be error prone. + +If the MGW is also upgraded to the optimal, final deployment, i.e. including all necessary hardware and firmware for AoIP and all transcoder capabilities, then only the BSS-O&M-parameters define the upgrading steps. + +For legacy deployment, it is necessary to allow an incremental migration of all transcoder resources to the MGW. Therefore MGW capability must be administered in the MSC by O&M (unless also MGW capability signalling is introduced). + +The Technical Specification of AoIP shall define means to allow the coexistence of TDM and IP between the Core Network and the same BSS. + +In the following the example deployment scenarios are described in more details and with some block diagrams to illustrate the most important aspects. + +Please note that the "transcoder resource" shall be considered for each individual Codec Type separately. It is possible that some Codec Types are supported in BSS, while others are already moved completely out of BSS. + +**Deployment Scenario 1 (legacy):** Only AoTDM with G.711 coded speech is used on the A interface. TFO is an option, on a Codec-by-Codec base. TFO/TrFO Interworking exists in the core network and OoBTC is quite efficient to manage in many cases transcoding free operation in MS-to-MS calls. In the example below (see figure.5.2.4.1) only AMR is used in OoBTC, because this is also an UTRAN Codec. Of course also EFR could be used in OoBTC in other examples. + +Instead of OoBTC the CN may, however, still use ISUP, then Codec Negotiation is not possible and PCM is used on Nb. In nearby future also SIP-I will be standardized for the Core Network Nc interface and then compressed speech is possible on Nb in RTP framing. + +In Deployment Scenario 1 the MSC has only a vague knowledge on BSS Codec capabilities by static O&M. The MSC has no temporary and locally accurate information on BSS capabilities for a specific call. This limits the capability of the core network to negotiate a common Codec end-to-end. The BSS in turn has also only static O&M knowledge on the AMR Configurations used in CN. TFO between BSS and CN is not guaranteed. + +![Figure 5.2.4.1: Deployment Scenario 1 for legacy BSS. This diagram shows a network architecture with three main components: a legacy BSS on the left, a Core Network (CN) in the middle, and another legacy BSS on the right. The legacy BSS components include a Mobile Station (MS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Base Station Controller (BSC), and TRAU TC-Pools. The TRAU TC-Pools are connected to the BTS and the CN. The CN consists of two Mobile Switching Centers (MSCs) connected by an OoBTC interface, and two Media Gateway (MGW) TC-Pools connected by an Nb interface. The MGW TC-Pools are connected to the TRAU TC-Pools via AoTDM interfaces. The diagram indicates that the legacy BSS uses static O&M for AMR configuration, while the CN uses a static O&M-supported code list. The interfaces between the BSS and CN are labeled PCM and AoTDM. The interfaces between the CN components are labeled OoBTC and Nb. The interfaces between the CN and the second BSS are also labeled PCM and AoTDM. The diagram also shows the supported codecs for each component: FR, HR, EFR, and AMR for the BSS; PCM and AMR for the CN.](41a438d7e4adc17c3a4005e7c9500091_img.jpg) + +Figure 5.2.4.1: Deployment Scenario 1 for legacy BSS. This diagram shows a network architecture with three main components: a legacy BSS on the left, a Core Network (CN) in the middle, and another legacy BSS on the right. The legacy BSS components include a Mobile Station (MS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Base Station Controller (BSC), and TRAU TC-Pools. The TRAU TC-Pools are connected to the BTS and the CN. The CN consists of two Mobile Switching Centers (MSCs) connected by an OoBTC interface, and two Media Gateway (MGW) TC-Pools connected by an Nb interface. The MGW TC-Pools are connected to the TRAU TC-Pools via AoTDM interfaces. The diagram indicates that the legacy BSS uses static O&M for AMR configuration, while the CN uses a static O&M-supported code list. The interfaces between the BSS and CN are labeled PCM and AoTDM. The interfaces between the CN components are labeled OoBTC and Nb. The interfaces between the CN and the second BSS are also labeled PCM and AoTDM. The diagram also shows the supported codecs for each component: FR, HR, EFR, and AMR for the BSS; PCM and AMR for the CN. + +**Figure.5.2.4.1: Deployment Scenario 1 for legacy BSS** + +**Deployment Scenario 2:** IP transport is introduced, transcoders stay all in the BSS, and G.711 is the only allowed Codec on the A-Interface. A TDM-to-IP converter in BSS is needed for interfacing. The upgraded BSS works on AoTDM and AoIP concurrently (see left BSS in figure below). + +![Figure 5.2.4.2: Deployment Scenario 2 for an upgraded BSS and CN. This diagram shows a network architecture with three main components: an upgraded BSS on the left, a Core Network (CN) in the middle, and a legacy BSS on the right. The upgraded BSS components include a Mobile Station (MS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Base Station Controller (BSC), and TRAU TC-Pools. The TRAU TC-Pools are connected to the BTS and the CN. The CN consists of two Mobile Switching Centers (MSCs) connected by an OoBTC interface, and two Media Gateway (MGW) TC-Pools connected by an Nb interface. The MGW TC-Pools are connected to the TRAU TC-Pools via AoTDM and AoIP interfaces. The diagram indicates that the upgraded BSS uses static O&M for AMR configuration, while the CN uses a static O&M-supported code list. The interfaces between the BSS and CN are labeled AoTDM, PCM, and AoIP. The interfaces between the CN components are labeled OoBTC and Nb. The interfaces between the CN and the second BSS are also labeled PCM and AoTDM. The diagram also shows the supported codecs for each component: FR, HR, EFR, and AMR for the BSS; PCM and AMR for the CN.](6f341f415ee0f8c724e5d6daeb1e9b4a_img.jpg) + +Figure 5.2.4.2: Deployment Scenario 2 for an upgraded BSS and CN. This diagram shows a network architecture with three main components: an upgraded BSS on the left, a Core Network (CN) in the middle, and a legacy BSS on the right. The upgraded BSS components include a Mobile Station (MS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Base Station Controller (BSC), and TRAU TC-Pools. The TRAU TC-Pools are connected to the BTS and the CN. The CN consists of two Mobile Switching Centers (MSCs) connected by an OoBTC interface, and two Media Gateway (MGW) TC-Pools connected by an Nb interface. The MGW TC-Pools are connected to the TRAU TC-Pools via AoTDM and AoIP interfaces. The diagram indicates that the upgraded BSS uses static O&M for AMR configuration, while the CN uses a static O&M-supported code list. The interfaces between the BSS and CN are labeled AoTDM, PCM, and AoIP. The interfaces between the CN components are labeled OoBTC and Nb. The interfaces between the CN and the second BSS are also labeled PCM and AoTDM. The diagram also shows the supported codecs for each component: FR, HR, EFR, and AMR for the BSS; PCM and AMR for the CN. + +**Figure.5.2.4.2: Deployment Scenario 2 for an upgraded BSS and CN** + +Signalling between BSC and MSC should be introduced to decide on a call-by-call basis and Codec-by-Codec basis, which Interface Type to use. It should be noted that parallel support for both types of interface in the BSS should not be mandated, but supported by the standard, since an operator should have the freedom to transmit voice traffic on either link to ensure there is no traffic lost during the transition. The parallel support of AoTDM and AoIP allows also a smooth extension of transport capacity by keeping the existing TDM links, while investing extensions only in IP links. + +During the BSS upgrading phase the MSC Server could know the available Interface Types by MSC-O&M configuration per BSS. There is thus no absolute need to introduce Interface Type capability related signalling on BSSMAP. But this MSC-O&M could be quite cumbersome and especially annoying, since it is maybe only necessary for a short time, until the next migration step. It would also be inflexible and would not allow a dynamic resource sharing. Attention should also be given to A-Flex scenarios (MSC in Pool), where a change in a BSS would affect all + +connected MSCs immediately. It seems questionable if a simultaneous update of MSC can be handled by separate O&M. + +It is therefore proposed (by Ericsson) to define Interface Type capability signalling to avoid cumbersome and error prone O&M in BSS and MSC during the migration phase and to allow a flexible load sharing. When introducing this signalling extension then it is not a big step to provide it on a per Codec basis. + +In an other example IP transport is introduced, transcoders stay all in the BSS, G.711 is the only allowed Codec on the A-Interface. AoTDM is shut down at the same time (see right BSS in figure above), there is no fallback to AoTDM, the upgraded BSS works on AoIP solely. This is a direct migration from AoTDM to AoIP in one step without link by link transition from the legacy BSC. + +**Deployment Scenarios 3a/3b:** AoTDM is still allowed, AoIP is used in addition, and the decision is done call-by-call. Transcoder resources stay in the BSS on a per-Codec-base; compressed speech on the A interface is possible for Codecs both supported and not supported by transcoders in BSS, in case the MGW has sufficient capability. + +The difference between scenarios 3a and 3b is as follows: while scenario 3a allows the use of G.711 for AoIP (and thus allows a faster migration from TDM to IP), scenario 3b allows the use of G.711 only for AoTDM, which allows a smoother migration from TDM to IP and prevents from managing 3 configurations in parallel. + +![Figure 5.2.4.3a: Deployment Scenario 3a for an Upgraded BSS. This diagram shows a network architecture with two BSCs, two MSCs, and two MGWs. On the left, an MS connects to a BTS, which connects to a TRAU with TDM and IP pools. The TDM pool connects to a BSC, and the IP pool connects to an MGW. The MGW has TC-Pools for PCM, EFR, HR, and AMR. The MGW connects to an MSC via TrFO and NboIP interfaces. The MSC connects to another MSC via an OoBTC interface. The second MSC connects to another MGW, which also has TC-Pools. This MGW connects to a second BSC via TrFO and NboIP interfaces. The second BSC connects to another TRAU with TDM and IP pools. The IP pool connects to a BTS, which connects to an MS. Below the diagram, a list of supported codecs is provided: FR, HR, EFR, and AMR for both the left and right sides.](43837b056625d3d6ce615e4c02f163bb_img.jpg) + +Figure 5.2.4.3a: Deployment Scenario 3a for an Upgraded BSS. This diagram shows a network architecture with two BSCs, two MSCs, and two MGWs. On the left, an MS connects to a BTS, which connects to a TRAU with TDM and IP pools. The TDM pool connects to a BSC, and the IP pool connects to an MGW. The MGW has TC-Pools for PCM, EFR, HR, and AMR. The MGW connects to an MSC via TrFO and NboIP interfaces. The MSC connects to another MSC via an OoBTC interface. The second MSC connects to another MGW, which also has TC-Pools. This MGW connects to a second BSC via TrFO and NboIP interfaces. The second BSC connects to another TRAU with TDM and IP pools. The IP pool connects to a BTS, which connects to an MS. Below the diagram, a list of supported codecs is provided: FR, HR, EFR, and AMR for both the left and right sides. + +**Figure 5.2.4.3a: Deployment Scenario 3a for an Upgraded BSS** + +![Figure 5.2.4.3b: Deployment Scenario 3b for an Upgraded BSS. This diagram is similar to Figure 5.2.4.3a but with a key difference: the left MGW's TC-Pools only support PCM, EFR, and AMR, but not HR. The right MGW's TC-Pools support PCM, EFR, HR, and AMR. The rest of the architecture, including the BSCs, MSCs, TRAU pools, and codec lists, is identical to Figure 5.2.4.3a.](90ee16ccc0ad16aeca48087797d7b07f_img.jpg) + +Figure 5.2.4.3b: Deployment Scenario 3b for an Upgraded BSS. This diagram is similar to Figure 5.2.4.3a but with a key difference: the left MGW's TC-Pools only support PCM, EFR, and AMR, but not HR. The right MGW's TC-Pools support PCM, EFR, HR, and AMR. The rest of the architecture, including the BSCs, MSCs, TRAU pools, and codec lists, is identical to Figure 5.2.4.3a. + +**Figure 5.2.4.3b: Deployment Scenario 3b for an Upgraded BSS** + +Transcoders in the BSS may be used to still support the G.711 Codec on the A interface, e.g. in case of a local MS-to-PSTN call. + +As an implementation option transcoder-pairs in BSS could also be used to support transcoding between the Codec used on the radio interface and the Codec used on the A over IP interface. This could happen after BSS-internal handover. + +It should be possible for a specific Codec Type, e.g. EFR, to use the existing EFR-TRAU pool in the BSS, while extending EFR-transcoder capability only in the MGW. On a call-by-call basis BSC and MSC would negotiate where to locate the EFR-transcoding function. One strategy could be to first fill the EFR-TRAU pool in the BSS and only when this is fully deployed locate the EFR-transcoding + +function for the next call within the MGW. The BSC would then for this next call indicate that EFR is supported only with compressed on AoIP + +Deployment scenarios 3a/3b are the most demanding scenarios in terms of necessary signalling between BSC and MSC server. + +**Deployment Scenario 4:** Transcoders are completely removed from the BSS. IP transmission and compressed speech on A interface are mandatory. The Core Network does not support AoTDM any longer. This is a proposed target deployment scenario for a Transcoder-less BSS. Transcoder resources only exist in the MGW; IP transmission and compressed speech is used over the A interface. + +![Figure 5.2.4.4: Deployment Scenario 4 for a New BSS. The diagram shows a network architecture with two MS (Mobile Station) units connected to BTS (Base Transceiver Station) units, which are connected to BSC (Base Station Controller) units. The BSCs are connected to MGW (Media Gateway) units via the A interface. The MGWs are connected to MSC (Mobile Switching Center) units via the SIP-I interface. The MSCs are connected to each other via the SIP-I interface. The diagram illustrates the flow of traffic and signaling between these components. The A interface between the BSC and MGW is labeled 'AoIP' and 'PCM'. The SIP-I interface between the MGW and MSC is labeled 'SIP-I'. The MGW units are labeled 'TC - Pools'. The BSC units are labeled 'BSC User Plane'. The diagram also shows various codec types supported by the MS, BTS, BSC, and MGW units, including FR, HR, EFR, AMR, and AMR-WB.](9cd90f495b95ad2116ff780248c26d95_img.jpg) + +Figure 5.2.4.4: Deployment Scenario 4 for a New BSS. The diagram shows a network architecture with two MS (Mobile Station) units connected to BTS (Base Transceiver Station) units, which are connected to BSC (Base Station Controller) units. The BSCs are connected to MGW (Media Gateway) units via the A interface. The MGWs are connected to MSC (Mobile Switching Center) units via the SIP-I interface. The MSCs are connected to each other via the SIP-I interface. The diagram illustrates the flow of traffic and signaling between these components. The A interface between the BSC and MGW is labeled 'AoIP' and 'PCM'. The SIP-I interface between the MGW and MSC is labeled 'SIP-I'. The MGW units are labeled 'TC - Pools'. The BSC units are labeled 'BSC User Plane'. The diagram also shows various codec types supported by the MS, BTS, BSC, and MGW units, including FR, HR, EFR, AMR, and AMR-WB. + +**Figure 5.2.4.4: Deployment Scenario 4 for a New BSS** + +It is BSS-internal implementation strategy, whether to use existing BTSes with TDM interfaces and convert to IP in a new functional device (e.g. TDM-IP Converter), or to integrate the IP interface directly into the New BTS. The TDM-IP Converter could also take care of BSS-internal handovers with unmodified Codec Type, or a separate Handover-Handler could do that. + +Introducing such a Transcoder-less BSS could be the simplest and most efficient way for deployment of AoIP by two upgrading steps: + +Step 1: Upgrade MSC Server and MGW to an Upgraded MSC Server and Upgraded MGW. + +Step 2: Commission and deployment of Transcoder-less BSS. + +This migration strategy may, however, require more interim Transcoder resources in the Core Network. + +After all BSS are upgraded to Transcoder-less BSS the final step could be to remove all AoTDM support from the Core Network, i.e. migrate all MSC Servers and MGWs to "New" ones. + +## 5.3 Functional Impacts + +This TR investigates the functional impact and required specification work for the support of an A interface over IP. + +### 5.3.1 G.711 and compressed speech over IP + +"A interface over IP" requires to setup IP connections for each call. That means IP terminations have to be seized on both sides of the A interface. The related IP end point address information of the transport connection between MGW and BSS must be exchanged. This will impact the assignment and handover procedures of the BSSMAP protocol [6] and the GCP. + +The payload formats need to be defined. It is proposed to adopt RTP/UDP/IP as the user plane protocol stack. + +An option is to use for PCM speech (i.e. G.711 A/u-law Codec) the RTP profile according to RFC 3551 [19]. Furthermore for G.711 20 ms or 5 ms packetization time may be used. The increase in speech path delay, when using 20ms packetization time, is acceptable. + +The RTP payload format for compressed speech shall be based on existing RFC profiles, or, if needed RFCs may be created (e.g. for GSM\_HR). + +It is proposed to specify RTP bearers multiplexing and RTP header compression as a means to achieve better bandwidth efficiency. 3GPP has already specified for BICC-based circuit switched core networks (CNCS) an RTP bearers multiplexing and RTP header compression scheme for Nb and similar work is ongoing for SIP-I based CSCNs; the possibility to reuse these solutions shall be studied. + +Solutions based on tunneling E1 or other TDM channels over IP would remove one main advantage of IP transport, which is the ability to dynamically set up connections between the BSS and any MGW. Therefore it is proposed to exclude those from the study. + +When compressed speech is used on the A interface over IP, then it is easier to achieve "true end-to-end Codec negotiation". The existing Codec Negotiation within the Core Network as specified in OoBTC (see TS 23.153) and the future Codec Negotiation in SIP-I (see TR 29.802) will benefit from better knowledge about the BSS resource situation. This will improve the speech quality further. "True end-to-end" Codec negotiation impacts the BSC, because it should provide the CS core network with its Codec capability. A Codec negotiation procedure between BSS and CN is required, having impacts on the assignment procedure. + +Having no transcoders in the BSS any more requires adaptations of the handover procedures. When the handover requires a change of the Codec, then existing mechanisms should be reused that involves the MSC Server. Intra BSC handover that do not require a change of the Codec should be handled without MSC impacts. + +### 5.3.2 Support for Data and Fax Services + +Regarding to the target deployment scenario where Transcoders are removed from the BSS, a simple and economic migration procedure should be investigated. + +AoIP must support data and fax calls. There are 2 approaches further discussed in chapter 6.2 of this TR. The first one leaves rate adaptation functionality in BSS and transfers 64 kbps over the A-interface using clearchannel according to RFC 4040 [18] as RTP profile. The second one moves rate adaptation functionality to the core network and needs new RTP profiles for the A-Interface for lower bit rate. + +### 5.3.3 Functional Impacts for Migration + +To support smooth migration it should be possible to support transcoders placed in the BSS as well as in the MGWs simultaneously, see deployment scenario 1. Therefore on a call basis BSSMAP signaling is needed to decide whether compressed or PCM (G7.11) coded speech shall be used on the A interface. The BSC is impacted because even though it still controls the radio Codec finally selected on the radio bearer it does not anymore control the transcoder equipment for calls where the transcoder is removed from. + +# 6 Study Results, User Plane + +## 6.1 User Plane Principles + +### 6.1.1 Transport network User Plane for A over IP + +#### 6.1.1.1 PCM coded speech (G.711) over IP + +The following figure shows the proposed protocol stack for the A interface transport over RTP/UDP/IP. + +![Protocol stack diagram for PCM coded speech (G.711) over IP. The stack consists of G.711 at the top, followed by RTP, UDP, and IP. Below IP is a box containing two layers: Link layer and Physical layer.](2f58bcce74146d4d983070d93be12291_img.jpg) + +| | | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|----------------| +| G.711 | | | +| RTP | | | +| UDP | | | +| IP | | | +|
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| Link layer | Physical layer | +| Link layer | | | +| Physical layer | | | + +Protocol stack diagram for PCM coded speech (G.711) over IP. The stack consists of G.711 at the top, followed by RTP, UDP, and IP. Below IP is a box containing two layers: Link layer and Physical layer. + +#### 6.1.1.2 Compressed speech and data/fax over IP + +Payloads of both speech and CS data/fax are encapsulated into RTP packet, and are carried on the UDP/IP protocol. The specific carrying way at physical layer and corresponding link layer of IP protocol are not limited. If Ethernet is + +adopted, link layer will be MAC protocol, while if POS or IPoE1 is adopted for carrying, link layer will be PPP protocol. + +The user plane of the A interface is shown in figure 6.1.1.2.1. + +![Diagram of the User Plane: AoIP protocol stack showing BSC and MGW stacks connected at the MAC / PPP layer.](3da1a07cb87051bf616c9876db958cf0_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-----|-----|----|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-----|-----|----|-----------| +| BSC | MGW | | | | | | | | | | | +|
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| Payload | RTP | UDP | IP | MAC / PPP |
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| Payload | RTP | UDP | IP | MAC / PPP | +| Payload | | | | | | | | | | | | +| RTP | | | | | | | | | | | | +| UDP | | | | | | | | | | | | +| IP | | | | | | | | | | | | +| MAC / PPP | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Payload | | | | | | | | | | | | +| RTP | | | | | | | | | | | | +| UDP | | | | | | | | | | | | +| IP | | | | | | | | | | | | +| MAC / PPP | | | | | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | | | | | + +Diagram of the User Plane: AoIP protocol stack showing BSC and MGW stacks connected at the MAC / PPP layer. + +**Figure 6.1.1.2.1: User Plane: AoIP protocol stack** + +### 6.1.2 Transport network Control Plane for A over IP + +It is proposed that the exchange of IP address and other transport related information (see chapters 7.1 and 7.2) between the core network and BSS takes place transparently via GCP and BSSAP. + +### 6.1.3 Potential impact on the Nb and Nc interfaces + +The transport of G.711-coded or 3GPP-compressed speech across the A-interface over IP has not necessarily any impact on the Nb or Nc interfaces. + +However, if end-to-end transcoding free operation is desired for all defined 3GPP Codec Types, then the Nb interface needs to transmit also GSM\_FR- and GSM\_HR-coded speech. These two "legacy" Codec Types are currently not allowed for the Nb interface, because no Nb framing is defined for these. All other 3GPP Codec Types are already supported in the standards for Nb and Nc. + +Nb framing may need to be specified for GSM\_FR and GSM\_HR for the case that OoBTC/BICC is used on Nc. For the case that SIP-I is used on Nc only the RTP Profile for GSM\_HR needs to be defined. This could be based on RFC 3551 [19]. + +For the Codec Negotiation on the Nc interface these two Codec Types have already a code point associated, see TS 26.103. Since no Nb framing exists they can not be used on Nc so far. + +## 6.2 Payload Formats + +### 6.2.1 Existing TRAU Frames for Speech + +This chapter discussed all control bits of the existing TRAU Frames to identify, which are potentially needed in a future AoIP framing (i.e. RTP). The discussion is performed for the example AMR, but the result of the discussion can be applied to other speech Codec Types. + +The conclusion first: the defined RTP profiles are sufficient for all GSM Codecs except for GSM\_HR for which a new RTP profile needs to be defined. + +The detailed discussion follows below. + +The existing TRAU frame layout for the FR\_AMR identifies 25 "C"ontrol bits for AMR [3]. Only these need discussion for AMR over AoIP. The synchronisation bits and the The "T" bits at the end are not relevant for AoIP. The "D"ata bits are contained in the RTP payload format for AMR. + +**Table 6.2.1.1-1: TRAU frame layout for the AMR\_FR frame [7].** + +| Octet no. | Bit number | | | | | | | | +|-----------|------------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------| +| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 2 | 1 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | C6 | C7 | +| 3 | C8 | C9 | C10 | C11 | C12 | C13 | C14 | C15 | +| 4 | 1 | C16 | C17 | C18 | C19 | C20 | C21 | C22 | +| 5 | C23 | C24 | C25 | D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | +| 6 | 1 | D6 | D7 | D8 | D9 | D10 | D11 | D12 | +| 7 | D13 | D14 | D15 | D16 | D17 | D18 | D19 | D20 | +| 8 | 1 | D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | +| 9 | D28 | D29 | D30 | D31 | D32 | D33 | D34 | D35 | +| 10 | 1 | D36 | D37 | D38 | D39 | D40 | D41 | D42 | +| 11 | D43 | D44 | D45 | D46 | D47 | D48 | D49 | D50 | +| 12 | 1 | D52 | D52 | D53 | D54 | D55 | D56 | D57 | +| 13 | D58 | D59 | D60 | D61 | D62 | D63 | D64 | D65 | +| 14 | 1 | D66 | D67 | D68 | D69 | D70 | D71 | D72 | +| 15 | D73 | D74 | D75 | D76 | D77 | D78 | D79 | D80 | +| 16 | 1 | D81 | D82 | D83 | D84 | D85 | D86 | D87 | +| 17 | D88 | D89 | D90 | D91 | D92 | D93 | D94 | D95 | +| 18 | 1 | D96 | D97 | D98 | D99 | D100 | D101 | D102 | +| 19 | D103 | D104 | D105 | D106 | D107 | D108 | D109 | D110 | +| 20 | 1 | D111 | D112 | D113 | D114 | D115 | D116 | D117 | +| 21 | D118 | D119 | D120 | D121 | D122 | D123 | D124 | D125 | +| 22 | 1 | D126 | D127 | D128 | D129 | D130 | D131 | D132 | +| 23 | D133 | D134 | D135 | D136 | D137 | D138 | D139 | D140 | +| 24 | 1 | D141 | D142 | D143 | D144 | D145 | D146 | D147 | +| 25 | D148 | D149 | D150 | D151 | D152 | D153 | D154 | D155 | +| 26 | 1 | D156 | D157 | D158 | D159 | D160 | D161 | D162 | +| 27 | D163 | D164 | D165 | D166 | D167 | D168 | D169 | D170 | +| 28 | 1 | D171 | D172 | D173 | D174 | D175 | D176 | D177 | +| 29 | D178 | D179 | D180 | D181 | D182 | D183 | D184 | D185 | +| 30 | 1 | D186 | D187 | D188 | D189 | D190 | D191 | D192 | +| 31 | D193 | D194 | D195 | D196 | D197 | D198 | D199 | D200 | +| 32 | 1 | D201 | D202 | D203 | D204 | D205 | D206 | D207 | +| 33 | D208 | D209 | D210 | D211 | D212 | D213 | D214 | D215 | +| 34 | 1 | D216 | D217 | D218 | D219 | D220 | D221 | D222 | +| 35 | D223 | D224 | D225 | D226 | D227 | D228 | D229 | D230 | +| 36 | 1 | D231 | D232 | D233 | D234 | D235 | D236 | D237 | +| 37 | D238 | D239 | D240 | D241 | D242 | D243 | D244 | D245 | +| 38 | 1 | D246 | D247 | D248 | D249 | D250 | D251 | D252 | +| 39 | D253 | D254 | D255 | D256 | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | + +The TRAU Frames for other Codec Types are similar or simpler than for FR\_AMR and thus it is sufficient to analyse the FR\_AMR case. + +Detailed discussion on the control bits using description from [7] is provided below. + +*All comments are edited in italic.* + +Detailed Description: + +#### Frame Type: + +The coding of the Frame\_Type (also called "Codec\_Type") for AMR is identical in uplink and downlink. + +C1...C5: + +**0.0.1.1.0:** Adaptive Multi-Rate Codec. + +*Discussion: The Codec Type is included in the RTP Header.* + +#### Time Alignment Field: + +The Time Alignment Field (Bits C6...C11) is used to carry either the Time Alignment Command (TAC), the Phase Alignment Control (PAC) or the TFO and Handover Information. The Time Alignment Command is coded as for the Full Rate and Enhanced Full Rate (clause 5.5.1.1.1). + +#### Time Alignment Command (TAC): + +In the uplink direction (BTS to TRAU) the TAC indicates the required timing adjustment for the downlink TRAU frame to be made by the TRAU in 250/500µs steps. + +C6...C11: + +**0.0.0.0.0.0** No change in frame timing + +**0.0.0.0.0.1** Delay frame 1 x 500µs (send four additional T-Bit-pairs after the end of the TRAU Frame) + +**0.0.0.0.1.0** Delay frame 2 x 500µs (send eight additional T-Bit-pairs after the end of the TRAU Frame) + +... + +**1.0.0.1.1.1** Delay frame 39 x 500µs (send 156 additional T-Bit-pairs after the end of the TRAU Frame) + +(1.0.1.0.0.0 to 1.1.0.1.1.1: 16 code-points, unused, reserved) + +*Discussion: support of Time Alignment for A over IP is FFS.* + +If Time Alignment is not supported then the corresponding control bits would not be needed. Otherwise, possible solutions are investigated in sub-clause 6.5. + +(1.1.1.0.0.0 to 1.1.1.0.1.1: 4 code-points, reserved for TFO) + +**(1.1.1.1.0.0)** reserved for TFO) + +Discussion: TFO is not used for all calls where the AMR transcoder is not in the BSS, but in the MGW. So these bits are irrelevant for AoIP with compressed AMR speech on AoIP. + +**(1.1.1.1.0.1)** reserved for AMR CMI/CMR Phase Alignment Command (PAC), no change in frame timing) + +Discussion: The RTP Profile transports both, the CMI and the CMR in parallel. No change in CMI/CMR phase is necessary. So this code point is not necessary in AoIP. + +**1.1.1.1.1.0** Delay frame by 250µs (send two additional T-Bit-pairs after the end of the TRAU Frame) + +**1.1.1.1.1.1** Advance frame by 250µs (do not send the two T-Bit-pairs at the end of the TRAU Frame). + +Discussion: See above comments on Time Alignment. + +#### Phase Alignment Command (PAC) (useful when TFO is not supported or disabled): + +The Phase Alignment Command (PAC) can be used by the BTS to command the TRAU to change (invert) the phase of CMI/CMR, respectively RIF, in downlink TRAU frames, see clause 6.6.1.2.1. + +C6...C11: + +**1.1.1.1.0.1** AMR CMI/CMR Phase Alignment Command (PAC), no change in frame timing. + +In No\_Speech frames the Phase Alignment Command may optionally be transmitted by one additional bit (PAB, see subclause 5.5.1.2.2) that allows a direct time and phase alignment in one step. + +*Discussion: no Phase Adjustment is needed any longer.* + +*This may as a consequence result in up to 20ms more delay in DL for local MS-to-PSTN calls and for all long distance calls where the (local) MGW must transcode.* + +#### TFO Information (defined when TFO is supported, see 3GPP TS 28.062 [16]): + +C6...C11 + +**1.1.1.0.0.0** + +**1.1.1.0.0.1** + +**1.1.1.0.1.0** + +**1.1.1.0.1.1** + +**1.1.1.1.0.0** + +These five codes are reserved for Tandem Free Operation (see 3GPP TS 28.062 [16]). They result in no change in frame + +timing. If the BTS does not support TFO or TFO is disabled these codes shall not be used in uplink and shall be ignored in downlink. The procedure to exchange this information between BTS and TRAU is described in 3GPP TS 28.062 [16]. + +*Discussion: Not needed on AoIP.* + +#### **Request or Indication Flag (RIF):** + +This flag indicates the phase of the `Codec_Mode_Indication` (RIF == 0) respectively the `Codec_Mode_Request` (RIF == 1). It has the same meaning in uplink and in downlink. Typically this flag toggles every frame. Exceptions may occur at handover and CMI/CMR phase alignment, see clause 6.6.1.2.1. + +*Discussion: The RTP Profile carries both, CMI and CMR in parallel. So the RIF is not needed in AoIP.* + +#### **Uplink Frame Error (UFE):** + +In downlink the UFE indicates that the most recently received uplink TRAU frame had detectable errors. In uplink this bit shall be set to "1". + +UFE == 0: "Uplink Frame received with Errors"; + +UFE == 1: "Uplink Frame received without Errors". + +Note: the UFE is not related to the frame classification (`Rx_Type`) as computed by the BTS radio receiver. It is related to inconsistencies in the TRAU frame synchronization, control bits or CRCs within the TRAU frame. + +*Discussion: This is a question of link supervision. It is assumed that new methods will be introduced.* + +#### **Config\_Prof** + +This field is reserved for the Configuration Protocol in case of Tandem Free Operation (see 3GPP TS 28.062 [16]). If the BTS does not support TFO or TFO is disabled, then this field shall be set to "0.0.0". + +##### **Message\_No** + +This field is reserved for the Configuration Protocol in case of Tandem Free Operation (see 3GPP TS 28.062 [16]). If the BTS does not support TFO or TFO is disabled, then this field shall be set to "0.0". + +In AoIP TFO is not used + +*Discussion: TFO is not used for calls where the transcoder is not longer in BSCs, but in MGW. So these bits are irrelevant for AoIP.* + +##### **DTX in downlink requested (DTXd)** + +See clause 6.6.2.2. + +*Discussion: The decision whether or not to use DTX shall be moved from the BSC to the MSC.* + +*In end-to-end transcoding free operation this decision is anyway on the distant side and it is therefore mandatory for the BSS to support DTX in downlink always. So this bit is not needed in AoIP.* + +##### **TFO Enabled (TFOE)** + +This bit enables or disables Tandem Free Operation in the TRAU. If the BTS does not support TFO or TFO is disabled, then this bit shall be set to "0". Coding: + +TFOE == 0: TFO Disabled; + +TFOE == 1: TFO Enabled. + +*Discussion: Not needed in AoIP.* + +#### **Frame\_Classification:** + +This field classifies the contents of the TRAU frame as seen by the radio receiver, see 3GPP TS 26.093 [17]: + +C21...C22: + +- | | | | | +|---|---|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | 1 | "Speech_Good" | the frame can be decoded without restriction | +| 1 | 0 | "Speech_Degraded" | the frame might contain undetected errors | +| 0 | 1 | "Speech_Bad" | the frame contains errors that can not be corrected | +| 0 | 0 | "No_Speech" | the frame is not a speech frame, see below. | + +In the uplink direction the Frame\_Classification is also called "Rx\_Type" and is always set by the BTS. + +In the downlink direction the Frame\_Classification is also called "Tx\_Type". + +If Tandem Free Operation is not ongoing, then the codes "Speech\_Degraded", and "Speech\_Bad" shall not be used in the downlink direction. If Tandem Free Operation is ongoing, then all codes may be used in the downlink direction. For the handling within the downlink BTS, see 3GPP TS 28.062 [16]). + +*Discussion: The RTP Profile for AMR contains this frame classification (to some extend).* + +#### **Codec\_Mode\_Indication / Codec\_Mode\_Request:** + +This 3-bit field has three different meanings, depending on the Frame\_Classification field and the Request\_or\_Indication\_Flag (RIF): + +If Frame\_Classification is different than "0.0" then this field contains either the Codec\_Mode\_Indication (CMI), if RIF equals 0; or the Codec\_Mode\_Request (CMR), if RIF equals 1. + +If Frame\_Classification is equal to "0.0", i.e. when a No\_Speech frame is transmitted, then this field shall be set to "0.0.0". CMI and CMR are then simultaneously transmitted in the Data Bits. + +The coding is identical in uplink and downlink. + +C23 . C24. C25: + +| | | | | +|---|---|---|------------------------| +| 0 | 0 | 0 | Codec_Mode 4,75 kBit/s | +| 0 | 0 | 1 | Codec_Mode 5,15 kBit/s | +| 0 | 1 | 0 | Codec_Mode 5,90 kBit/s | +| 0 | 1 | 1 | Codec_Mode 6,70 kBit/s | +| 1 | 0 | 0 | Codec_Mode 7,40 kBit/s | +| 1 | 0 | 1 | Codec_Mode 7,95 kBit/s | +| 1 | 1 | 0 | Codec_Mode 10,2 kBit/s | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | Codec_Mode 12,2 kBit/s | + +The CMI indicates the Codec\_Mode to be used for decoding the associated speech parameters in the same and the next frame. The CMR indicates the highest allowed Codec\_Mode to be used for encoding in the opposite direction. + +*Discussion: The RTP Profile contains CMI and CMR in parallel.* + +### 6.2.2 RTP profiles for speech + +#### 6.2.2.1 RTP profiles for G.711 encoded speech on the A over IP interface + +Whenever PCM (G.711) encoded speech is used on the A interface, with or without embedded TFO frames (TFO is optional), it is proposed to use RFC 3551 [19]. However, RFC 3551 [19] does not consider the embedded TFO frames. It must therefore be ensured by other means that possibly inserted in-path equipment is TFO compatible in case TFO is used. + +##### **Working Assumption:** + +For the case of PCM-encoded speech on AoIP 20 ms framing is used. + +#### 6.2.2.2 RTP profiles for compressed speech on the A over IP + +The Codec Types that are currently used in GSM and the available RTP profiles are listed below: + +**GSM\_FR:** RFC 3551 for GSM\_FR + +**GSM\_HR:** No RTP profile exists. + +A new profile needs to be specified in case GSM\_HR is to be supported at the A-interface. + +**GSM\_EFR:** RFC 3551 for EFR + +**AMR:** RFC 4867 [25] for AMR. It covers both FR\_AMR and HR\_AMR. + +**AMR-WB:** RFC 4867 [25] for AMR-WB. It covers FR\_AMR-WB. + +##### **Working Assumption:** + +For the case of compressed speech on AoIP 20 ms framing is used. + +#### 6.2.2.3 RTP profiles for compressed speech on Nb interface + +While different approaches are applied to single-rate GSM Codec and multi-rate GSM Codec at Nb interface. UP transparent mode is applied for single-rate GSM Codec, and UP Support mode is applied for multi-rate GSM Codec as it is today. + +### 6.2.3 RTP profiles for data and fax calls + +#### 6.2.3.1 RTP profiles for data and fax calls with rate adaptation in BSS + +In this **Alternative 1** the legacy architecture split between the GSM Radio Access Network and the Core Network for data and fax calls is kept. In uplink direction the BTS extracts the payload of the CS data or fax service from the radio interface and rate-adapts it to 16 kbps via four V.110 frames with 72 bits each and sends this in TRAU frames (or E-TRAU frames) in uplink every 20ms. Between 300 bps and 14.4 kbps net bit rate of data may be contained in this uplink stream on one 16kbps Abis/Ater link. + +The TRAU (or an equivalent function) in BSS extracts the data from these TRAU frames and rate-adapts them to 64 kbps. + +In case of High Speech Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD) up to four of these channels are multiplexed within the BSS into one 64kbps stream. Up to $4 \times 14.4\text{kbps} = 57.6\text{kbps}$ net bit rate of data may be contained in this uplink stream on one A-Interface. + +The transmission on the A-interface over IP uses a 64 kbps channel carried over IP. The RTP profile defined in RFC 4040 is used for this purpose. This RFC has been created for the purpose of transparently transporting a 64 kbps channel over IP. The data rate on the A-Interface is comparably high and constant. + +The default Packetization Time is 20ms. If 1+1 redundancy is applied, then the delay is increased by 20ms, if this redundancy is exploited at receiver side. + +The service is processed comparably at reverse direction from IWF to MGW to BSS to BTS and to the downlink radio interface. + +**Working Assumption:** This Alternative 1 is the default, mandatory Alternative for all BSS and Core Networks for AoIP, mainly for backward compatibility and ease of migration. The packetization time for this alternative 1 is fixed to 20ms. It will not be negotiated. + +#### 6.2.3.2 RTP profiles for data and fax calls with rate adaptation in CN + +In this **Alternative 2** the legacy architecture split between the GSM Radio Access Network and the Core Network for data and fax calls is modified. In uplink direction the BTS extracts the payload of the CS data or fax service from the radio interface and rate-adapts it to 16 kbps via four V.110 frames with 72 bits each and sends this in TRAU frames (E-TRAU frames) in uplink every 20ms. Between 300 bps and 14.4 kbps net bit rate of data may be contained in this uplink stream on one 16kbps Abis/Ater link. Maybe we need to consider also 8 kbps and 64 kbps here? + +So far this is as in Alternative 1. + +Some new function in the BSS extracts the data from these TRAU frames and directly encapsulates four V.110 frames of 72 bits, as carried in one TRAU frame of 16kbps sub-multiplexing (see 3GPP TS 48.060), into one RTP packet and sends it to the MGW. + +The default Packetization Time is 20ms. If 1+1 redundancy is applied, then the delay is increased by 20ms, if this redundancy is exploited at receiver side. + +**A new RTP Profile needs to be defined.** The average bandwidth on the A-Interface is about 4 times smaller than in Alternative 1 and also constant. + +Between 300 bps and 14.4 kbps net bit rate of data may be contained in this uplink stream on one A-Interface RTP stream. + +The case of High Speech Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD), especially the question, where the combining is performed, is FFS. + +The MGW performs Rate Adaptation to 64kbps (new functionality) and delivers the resulting frames to the Interworking Function (IWF) for processing as today. In an alternative (new) implementation (e.g. if MGW and IWF are integrated) the IWF gets the RTP packages with V.110 frames directly. + +The service is processed comparably at reverse direction from IWF to MGW to BSS to BTS and to the downlink radio interface. + +**Working Assumption:** This Alternative 2 will not be included in the Stage 3 Technical Specifications. + +## 6.3 Transport Layer + +### 6.3.1 Link Layer and Physical Layer + +Neither link layer nor physical layer need to be standardized. + +### 6.3.2 UDP and IP + +IPv.4 (RFC 791 [21] and RFC 792 [22]) is proposed to be mandatory. + +IPv.6 (RFC 2460 [23] and RFC 4443 [24]) is proposed to be optional. + +In this way, lack of IPv.6 support will not delay the introduction of AoIP. + +UDP is specified in RFC 768 [20]. + +Each user plane connection is identified by an IP address and an UDP port number in the MGW and another IP address and UDP port number in BSS. These addresses are exchanged via GCP and BSSAP prior to user plane establishment. The port numbers that are exchanged are the port numbers associated with the RTP data stream. These port numbers are even. Corresponding odd port numbers are used for the associated RTCP protocol. + +RTP/UDP/IP packets multiplexing mechanism already defined for Nb interface in 3GPP TS, 29.414 may be re-used on AoIP. + +### 6.3.3 RTP + +See above. + +### 6.3.4 RTCP + +RTCP is a control protocol included in the RTP specification. The multiplexing mechanism mentioned in chapter 5.3.5 makes use of RTCP messages to control multiplexing. + +Other usage of RTCP is ffs. + +### 6.3.5 IP Multiplexing + +In order to increase bandwidth utilization on the A-interface, multiplexing several RTP/UDP/IP packets together into larger but fewer IP packets should be specified as optional functionality. It is proposed to re-use the mechanisms already defined for the Nb interface in 3GPP TS 29.414. These mechanisms require the usage of RTCP for negotiation of multiplexing between the nodes. + +## 6.4 Handover Procedure (User Plane) + +### 6.4.1 Alternative 1 + +#### 6.4.1.1 General Handover Procedure + +For all solutions allowing compressed speech over the A interface the assignment procedure at Call Setup, including the enhanced Codec negotiation (as described in chapter 6.2), strives at best possible Codec setup to best speech quality end-to-end. In the ideal case in a future architecture with AoIP there is no transcoder in the BSS and also the MGW uses transcoders only, if the call terminates in the PSTN or the Codec negotiation did not succeed in end-to-end transcoding free operation. + +Following the call setup there may be several reasons for BSS to change cell and/or Codec Type and/or Codec Configuration. Also the Interface Type (AoIP or AoTDM) may change. These changes may have influence on the User Plane. + +#### 6.4.1.2 Intra-BSC Handover to a compatible target cell + +It is assumed that the IP-address-plus-UDP-port does not change at Intra-BSC Handover with compatible Codec Type, Codec Configuration and unmodified Interface Type (BSS-internal implementation). The MGW sees only some irregularities in the uplink RTP stream. + +#### 6.4.1.3 Intra-BSC Handover to an incompatible target cell + +At Intra-BSC handover and Intra-cell handover, if the BSC cannot or do not want to keep the Codec Type or Codec Configuration compatible, or if there is need to change the Interface Type (AoIP to AoTDM or vice versa), then the MGW shall add a new termination towards the target cell and handle the handover like in Inter-BSC handover, see below. As an exception, if the BSS supports transcoding between the Codec used in the source cell and the one used in the target cell, it can still handle the handover like in the "Intra-BSC Handover to a compatible target cell" scenario described above. + +#### 6.4.1.4 Inter-BSC Handover + +At Inter-BSC handover the MGW will see for a transient time two terminations towards the radio interface, one to the old, serving BSC and one to the new, target BSC. The Codec Types, Codec Configuration and Interface Types may be compatible or different on both MGW terminations. It is up to the MGW to insert necessary transcoding equipment and to perform proper handover handling. Details do not need to be standardized. + +### 6.4.2 Alternative 2 + +In case of A over IP when compressed speech is transported over A-interface, if handover occurs and voice Codec in the Um interface has changed, the MGW needs to change its Codec Type accordingly. It can be achieved by BSS sending a Channel Modify Prepare message to MSC server (below shown as alternative 1 in subclause 7.4.2.1). + +Another alternative (below shown as alternative 2 in subclause 7.4.2.2) solution can be user plane inband adaptation. + +## 6.5 Time Alignment + +### 6.5.1 Introduction + +One of the features to improve end to end speech delay in GSM and UMTS is the Time Alignment feature. Time Alignment provides a mechanism for aligning the phase of the release of packets by the Media Gateway to the phase at which the BSS or the RNC transmits packets downstream to a given mobile station. In doing so, queuing delay and buffer memory resources in the BSS / RNC are reduced and downlink delay can be decreased by up to 20 ms. + +The support of the Time Alignment feature for A over IP solutions as well is evaluated in the present section in the scope of the "A interface over IP" Study Item aiming at ensuring that the "End-to-end speech delay shall not be increased" (requirement 14 in section 4 of the present document). + +### 6.5.2 Time Alignment principles + +In this sub-clause the Time Alignment (also referred further to as "TA") feature is described as it works for the UTRAN Iu interface [14]. For GSM the same function is used but is internal to the BSS where the transcoder is located (see sub-clause 6.2.1). If the transcoder is moved to the Core Network as being allowed for "A interface over IP" solutions, TA information would need to be exchanged between the BSS and the CN. + +For UTRAN the Time Alignment function is intended to align the phase of the MGW to that of the RNC to minimize RNC queuing delay and memory resource utilization. The MGW combines speech samples into 20 ms frames and compresses them by the AMR encoder. Compressed speech packets are sent to the RNC, which will in turn send them downstream according to a fixed phase. Because MGW and RNC are not synchronized, RNC has to queue compressed packets until the proper transmit time. Added queuing time/delay due to the phase mismatch can range from 0 up to 20 ms. The RNC measures the queuing delay and sends a TA request to the MGW for a phase adjustment based on the measured queuing delay. The MGW adjusts the framing boundary to match the requested phase (see figure 6.5.2.1). + +![Figure 6.5.2.1 MGW phase matching diagram showing packet arrival and transmission phases between MGW TRAU and RNC.](9c1d3678db4a12d5864cb2a4def1135d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates MGW phase matching. At the top, a waveform represents data from an MGW TRAU. Green vertical markers indicate packet arrival points. Below this, a horizontal line represents the RNC. Purple squares represent packets arriving at the RNC. Arrows show the flow from MGW TRAU to RNC. A blue vertical line labeled 'X' marks a reference point. A horizontal distance 'D' is shown between a packet arrival at the MGW TRAU and the corresponding arrival at the RNC. Another horizontal distance 'D' is shown between a packet arrival at the RNC and its transmission point. + +Figure 6.5.2.1 MGW phase matching diagram showing packet arrival and transmission phases between MGW TRAU and RNC. + +**Figure 6.5.2.1 MGW phase matching** + +In figure 6.5.2.2 below, **a**, **b** and **c** represent different phases of arrival of packets (e.g. pertaining to different voice channels) from the MGW to the RNC. The values **da**, **db**, and **dc**, represent the queuing delay due to arrival of the phases **a**, **b** and **c**, respectively, as measured between the time of arrival of packet to the RNC and the time of transmission from RNC. In the example below the phase of **b** is better than **a**, and **a** is better than **c** (due to lower delay). The purpose of TA for the RNC is to request the appropriate phase shift (based on measured queuing delay) from the MGW, in order to minimize the RNC queuing delay. TA also reduces the amount of time that RNC buffer resources are allocated to a given channel. Since the transmission period is 20 ms, the alignment of arrival phase to transmission phase can reduce the RNC queuing delay by up to 20 ms. + +![Figure 6.5.2.2 RNC Time Alignment diagram showing arrival and transmit timelines with packet phases a, b, and c.](705ee99c3c44fd2a1ea6a3348ce8878f_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows RNC Time Alignment. It features two horizontal timelines. The top timeline is labeled 'RNC Arrival timeline' and shows periodic arrival points for three phases: **a** (red), **b** (blue), and **c** (grey). The bottom timeline is labeled 'Transmit timeline' and shows periodic transmission points. A horizontal double-headed arrow indicates a 20 ms transmission period. Vertical dashed lines connect arrival points to transmission points. Horizontal distances **da**, **db**, and **dc** represent the queuing delays for phases **a**, **b**, and **c** respectively, measured from arrival to the next transmission point. + +Figure 6.5.2.2 RNC Time Alignment diagram showing arrival and transmit timelines with packet phases a, b, and c. + +**Figure 6.5.2.2 RNC Time Alignment** + +It should also be noted that in case of G.711 usage on A interface (voice transcoders in the BSS), Time Alignment feature could avoid considering the 5 ms packetization and the drawbacks of the resulting overhead (four times the 20 ms packetization overhead due to multiple packet headers). + +### 6.5.3 Time Alignment performances evaluation + +The ability of Time Alignment to satisfy the optimal phase requested by the BSC (RNC) depends on the number of channels processed on the same CPU, as well as the processor load; this is due to the fact that independent channels processed on the same Media Gateway (MGW) CPU may have overlapping phase requirements. As such, the overlap of optimal phase among channels sharing the same CPU will act to diminish TA effectiveness. A lower loading factor will reduce the overlap, thereby increasing TA effectiveness. Also, a higher CPU channel capacity is likely to improve TA effectiveness in a statistical sense, since a larger number of channels should allow for a better statistical spread of optimal phases. + +Given the considerations above, a set of results have been produced for different CPU capacities, and for different loading factors in each case. More specifically, figures 6.5.3.1, 6.5.3.2 and 6.5.3.3 provide the cumulative delay distribution for CPU channel capacities of 10, 20 and 40, respectively, representing different DSP device generations, each at loading factors of 50%, 75% and 100%. For reference, in each case the cumulative delay distribution when TA is not supported is also provided. + +![Cumulative delay distribution (10 channels/processor) graph showing delay vs load for 10 channels per processor.](1b1bb497e39fcc025a3fc8bd4fc78d9a_img.jpg) + +This graph shows the cumulative delay distribution for a CPU capacity of 10 channels per processor. The x-axis represents delay in units of 0.1 ms, ranging from 0 to 200. The y-axis represents the cumulative probability from 0 to 1. Four curves are plotted: 100% load (dark blue), 75% load (magenta), 50% load (yellow), and No TA (cyan). The 'No TA' curve is a straight line. The other three curves show that as the load increases, the delay distribution shifts to the right, indicating higher delays for the same cumulative probability. + +| Delay (x 0.1 ms) | No TA | 50 % load | 75 % load | 100 % load | +|------------------|-------|-----------|-----------|------------| +| 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | +| 25 | 0.125 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | +| 50 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.95 | +| 100 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | +| 150 | 0.75 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | +| 200 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | + +Cumulative delay distribution (10 channels/processor) graph showing delay vs load for 10 channels per processor. + +Figure 6.5.3.1: Cumulative delay distribution for a CPU capacity of 10 channels + +![Cumulative delay distribution (20 channels/processor) graph showing delay vs load for 20 channels per processor.](97d95cd0cbe6c0c801edb6a4aaa5fc1c_img.jpg) + +This graph shows the cumulative delay distribution for a CPU capacity of 20 channels per processor. The axes and legend are identical to Figure 6.5.3.1. The delays are significantly lower than in the 10-channel case. For example, at 100% load, the delay reaches a cumulative probability of 1.0 at approximately 25 units of 0.1 ms, whereas it was at 50 units for the 10-channel case. + +| Delay (x 0.1 ms) | No TA | 50 % load | 75 % load | 100 % load | +|------------------|-------|-----------|-----------|------------| +| 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | +| 25 | 0.125 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | +| 50 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.95 | +| 100 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | +| 150 | 0.75 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | +| 200 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | + +Cumulative delay distribution (20 channels/processor) graph showing delay vs load for 20 channels per processor. + +Figure 6.5.3.2: Cumulative delay distribution for a CPU capacity of 20 channels + +![Figure 6.5.3.3: Cumulative delay distribution for a CPU capacity of 40 channels. The graph shows the cumulative probability of delay for four scenarios: 100% load, 75% load, 50% load, and No TA. The x-axis represents delay in units of 0.1 ms, ranging from 0 to 200. The y-axis represents the cumulative probability from 0 to 1. The 'No TA' scenario shows a linear increase in cumulative probability, reaching 1.0 at 200 units. The '100% load', '75% load', and '50% load' scenarios show much steeper curves, reaching 1.0 at approximately 20, 15, and 10 units respectively.](20e597e389dfd8d131e05ad6e1617dcd_img.jpg) + +**Cumulative delay distribution +(40 channels/processor)** + +Figure 6.5.3.3: Cumulative delay distribution for a CPU capacity of 40 channels. The graph shows the cumulative probability of delay for four scenarios: 100% load, 75% load, 50% load, and No TA. The x-axis represents delay in units of 0.1 ms, ranging from 0 to 200. The y-axis represents the cumulative probability from 0 to 1. The 'No TA' scenario shows a linear increase in cumulative probability, reaching 1.0 at 200 units. The '100% load', '75% load', and '50% load' scenarios show much steeper curves, reaching 1.0 at approximately 20, 15, and 10 units respectively. + +**Figure 6.5.3.3: Cumulative delay distribution for a CPU capacity of 40 channels** + +A number of observations are made with respect to figure 6.5.3.2, which can be taken to be representative of contemporary CPU capacity: + +- With TA, a CPU running at full load can eliminate queuing delay for over 30% of the calls. By contrast, without TA the 30%-channel count with lowest queuing delays will still experience delays of up to about 7 ms. +- The percentage of calls experiencing no queuing delay with TA increases with reduced load, such that at 50% load about 70% of calls will experience no queuing delay. Without TA, the 70%-channel count with lowest queuing delays will have queuing delays up to about 14 ms. +- With TA, over 99% of the calls will experience queuing delay of less than 3 ms at full load. This delay figure is reduced with reduced CPU load; at 50% load, over 99% of calls will have queuing delay of less than 2 ms. Without TA, regardless off the CPU load, only 15% of calls will have queuing delay of 3 ms or less, and only 10% of calls will have queuing delay of 2 ms or less; all other calls will experience queuing delays of up to 20 ms. + +Figure 6.5.3.3 shows that all of the performance figures cited above will further improve as more modern DSP devices provide increased CPU capacity. + +### 6.5.4 Proposed implementation + +The following considerations should be kept in mind for deciding on a given implementation path: + +- The feature should be optional in order to not constraint product implementation / usage in networks for which the feature is not felt needed. +- The standardization effort should be kept as a minimum in order to avoid delaying the completion of the A over IP work. + +A possible implementation could be based on a simplified version of the UP (User Plane) protocol currently specified for the Iu and Nb interfaces (see [14], [15]). This solution implements a request PDU, an acknowledgement PDU and a timer providing the necessary means to support the TA feature (see figure 6.5.4.1). + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the Successful Time Alignment procedure between a BSS and a CN. The sequence starts with 'User data with bad timing' from CN to BSS. The BSS then sends a 'TIME ALIGNMENT' message to the CN. The CN responds with an 'ACK' message. Finally, the BSS sends 'User data with adjusted timing' to the CN. A yellow triangle on the BSS side indicates a processing delay.](00504fc688ebcf131ccbeff94dfc9939_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSS + participant CN + Note left of BSS: + CN->>BSS: User data with bad timing + BSS->>CN: TIME ALIGNMENT + CN->>BSS: ACK + Note left of BSS: + BSS->>CN: User data with adjusted timing + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the Successful Time Alignment procedure between a BSS and a CN. The sequence starts with 'User data with bad timing' from CN to BSS. The BSS then sends a 'TIME ALIGNMENT' message to the CN. The CN responds with an 'ACK' message. Finally, the BSS sends 'User data with adjusted timing' to the CN. A yellow triangle on the BSS side indicates a processing delay. + +**Figure 6.5.4.1: Successful Time Alignment procedure** + +Should the receiving MGW be in "TrFO mode", it shall relay the TIME ALIGNMENT PDU transparently from the A interface over IP protocol to Nb. Should the receiving MGW be transcoding to G.711, it may process the request or respond with a negative acknowledgement indicating it either doesn't support the procedure or it is not prepared to process the request at this time. Should the BSS receive a negative acknowledgement, it should wait some time before trying again. + +The UP protocol on the A interface is based on RTP/UDP/IP transport and uses an established RTP session for transferring frames between the two RTP endpoints at both ends of the A interface User Plane access points. A single PDU will be transported as RTP payload. Different PDU Types would allow differentiating between user data transport (e.g. PDU Type 1 in [14]) and Time Alignment control (e.g. PDU Type 14 in [14]). + +Other features that are part of Iu / Nb UP protocols and are not required for A over IP would not be ported to the A over IP UP protocol. The support of the "transparent" mode of the UP protocol can be considered to avoid the transmission of the UP header whenever the TA is not implemented / used. + +This approach would: + +- Avoid the need to update the various RFCs for different Codecs and narrow down the standardization work to 3GPP to prevent extra standardization delays. +- Limit the standardization effort as the UP protocol specification is already existing for Iu and Nb, and the UP protocol for A over IP would consist in a subset of the existing UP functions. +- Maintain design coherence between Iu, Nb and A over IP interfaces. +- Basically allows TA for being optional. + +### 6.5.5 Summary + +Time Alignment provides an enhancement of the end-to-end delay for A over IP. It would therefore provide additional flexibility for the design and management of the delay budget in reducing the downlink delay by up to 20 ms for Land-to-Mobile calls (see sub-clause 6.5.3). + +Time Alignment is available for GSM solutions with the transcoders in the BSS (see [7] and [8]) and for UMTS on the Iu and Nb interfaces (see [14] and [15], respectively). For GSM solutions with the transcoders in the Core Network, porting the TA design elements into the definition of the new A over IP interface would avoid restricting the usage of Time Alignment to established architectures only and would maintain the consistency of 3GPP-based networks regarding the support of this feature. + +A solution based on a simplified version of the UP protocol currently specified for the Iu and Nb interfaces would stringently limit the required standardization effort to removing the features that are not required for A over IP. + +Preserving the optional nature of TA support for A over IP solutions as provisioned by the original standard is felt essential for enabling vendors and operators to take advantage of the feature, should they choose to do so, while not enforcing extra implementation efforts wherever they are not felt needed. + +However, no consensus to support TA for A over IP was expressed during the discussion. + +**The current working assumption is that a mechanism to provide Time Alignment is out of scope of a possible Work Item introducing A-interface over IP.** + +# 7 Study Results, Control Plane + +## 7.1 Control Plane Principles + +Introducing IP as Transport Layer for the User Plane on the A-interface necessitates accommodations of the BSSMAP and GCP signalling. The following items are identified and discussed in the following sub-sections: + +1. Exchange of Transport Layer Information, +i.e. exchange of IP-Address plus UDP-Port-Number between BSS and MGW +2. Need for a Call Identifier for IP-based calls +3. Exchange of Codec Information, +i.e. BSS Capability and MSC Preference +4. Location of Transcoder Resources in BSS or CN +5. Exchange of RTP Parameters. + +### 7.1.1 Exchange of Transport Layer Information + +It is proposed that the A-interface User Plane connection between Core Network and BSS is dynamically established for every call. Transport Layer information has to be exchanged between the MGW and the MSC-Server (hereafter 'MSC') via H.248 protocol and between the MSC and the BSS via BSSMAP. The following information is identified as mandatory transport layer information: + +- IP-Address +- UDP-Port-Number + +The conceptual view of the exchange procedure between MGW and MSC and between MSC and BSC is shown in figure 7.1.1.1. + +![Diagram illustrating the conceptual exchange of Transport Layer Information between BSC, MSC, and MGW.](0977b81510f7649846289ee785d20e74_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows three main components: BSC (Base Station Controller), MSC (Mobile Switching Center), and MGW (Media Gateway). The BSC is connected to the MSC via a dashed line labeled 'BSSMAP'. Above this connection, a blue double-headed arrow indicates the exchange of 'Assignment Request/ Assignment Complete' and 'Exchange of transport layer information'. The MSC is connected to the MGW via a dashed line labeled 'H.248'. To the right of this connection, a red double-headed arrow indicates 'H.248 procedures' and 'Reserve RTP Connection Point/ Configure RTP Resources'. At the bottom, a solid line connects the BSC and the MGW, labeled 'A interface user plane'. + +Diagram illustrating the conceptual exchange of Transport Layer Information between BSC, MSC, and MGW. + +**Figure 7.1.1.1: Conceptual exchange of Transport Layer Information** + +After the MSC has received the Complete Layer 3 message and decided to use/offer AoIP for the call the following signalling sequence is proposed: + +- The MSC sends an ADD.REQuest to the MGW to request the MGW to reserve the local IP Address and UDP Port. The MGW reserves the A interface IP termination and indicates the local IP address and UDP port number to the MSC in ADD.REspond. That is done by using the existing H.248 procedure “Reserve RTP Connection Point”. +- The MSC forwards the MGW IP address and UDP port information in the new AoIP Container to the BSS using an enhanced BSSMAP Assignment Request message. The BSS performs channel assignment. As part of the assignment procedure the Transport Layer information of the local connection end point inside BSS is put into another AoIP Container, which is sent back to the MSC within the BSSMAP Assignment Complete message. +- The MSC passes the received BSS IP address and UDP port to the MGW by using the existing procedure “Configure RTP Resources”. + +Figure 7.1.1.2 shows a possible signalling sequence to exchange Transport Layer information between MGW and BSS. + +![Sequence diagram showing the exchange of Transport Layer Information via a new AoIP-Container between BSS, MSC, and MGW.](dbbc0baac7341cda76cc4f8355dce23f_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSS + participant MSC + participant MGW + + Note right of MGW: H.248 Procedure +Reserve RTP Connection Point + +Change RTP Through -connection + + BSS->>MSC: Complete Layer 3 + MSC->>MGW: Add. Req +(T$, Reference point : A(oIP), +local IP address =?, port =?) + MGW-->>MSC: Add. Reply +(T1, IP address , port) + MSC->>BSS: Assignment Request +(AoIP Container IE {MGW local IP +address and UDP port information }) + BSS-->>MSC: Assignment Complete +(AoIP Container IE {BSS local IP +address and UDP port information }) + Note right of MGW: H.248 Procedure +Configure RTP Resources + +Change RTP Through -connection + MSC->>MGW: Mod. Req +(T1, remote IP address , port) + MGW-->>MSC: Mod. Reply (T1) + MSC->>BSS: User plane is available for traffic + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the exchange of Transport Layer Information via a new AoIP-Container between BSS, MSC, and MGW. + +**Figure 7.1.1.2: Exchange of Transport Layer Information via a new AoIP-Container** + +It is for further study whether to use an AoIP-Container or to use individual IEs for IP-Address and UDP-Port-Number. + +**The current working assumption is to use an AoIP-Container in BSSMAP.** + +### 7.1.2 Need for a Call Identifier for IP-based calls + +In the legacy architecture, either the MSC or the BSC seizes a CIC (Circuit Identity Code). If the MSC seizes the CIC, it sends it to the BSS at BSSMAP Assignment Request. The CIC identifies a physical connection to be used in the transport layer. This identifier is also used as Call Identifier Code. + +For the new AoIP standard there is need for a similar Call Identifier Code (named it here "Call Identifier"), by which an IP-based call in MSC and BSC could be identified uniquely. This Call Identifier would be helpful in case the SCCP connection between BSC and MSC gets lost and one side has to tell the other, by means of the RESET RESOURCE message, which call has to be released. The Call Identifier would be especially helpful in A-flex (MSC in Pool), where + +in an error case a list of calls may need to be cleared. The Call Identifier could be an IP-Version-independent (e.g. 32-bit) number, or it could be the pair of (IP-address+UDP-port)s. The latter is -IP-Version-dependent and much longer. + +Another way of clearing calls could be to rely on User Plane RTCP signalling. However, this would modify the current behaviour based on explicit BSSMAP signalling. + +**The current working assumption is to use BSSMAP signalling (RESET RESOURCE and RESET RESOURCE ACKNOWLEDGE) to release hanging IP-based calls. The Call Identifier is an IP-Version-independent 32-bit number, defined on a per MSC basis. The Call Identifier is not used for TDM-based calls.** + +### 7.1.3 Exchange of Codec Information + +G.711 is used as Codec Type on the A-interface User Plane, when TDM is used as bearer. Replacing the transport with IP suggests a change of the Codec, because G.711 is not the most efficient Codec over IP. The 3GPP Codec Type that is used on the air interface could be reused on the A-interface User Plane, when IP is used as bearer, without any loss in quality. This is needed at least when TrFO operation is required. This also supports the option of moving transcoder resources from BSS to the Core Network. + +#### 7.1.3.1 Exchange of Codec Information at Call Establishment + +The codec information has to be exchanged between MGW and MSC via H.248 protocol and between MSC and the user plane peer node in BSS via BSSMAP. + +When the MSC reserves the (IP) termination in the MGW for the AoIP connection endpoint, the MSC provides also Codec information to the MGW. It is proposed to reuse the mechanism applied for the termination reservation on Mb and Nb (SIP-I) (i.e. Reserve RTP Connection Point procedure). + +The Codec information is provided in H.248 interface as defined in 3GPP TS 29.332 and 3GPP TS 29.232. The Codec Information passed to the MGW in termination reservation phase reflects the “MSC-Preferred Codec Type and Configuration”, which has been determined by MSC after performing the codec negotiation with the remote side MSC. + +After MSC has reserved the (IP) termination, it constructs the MSC Preferred Codec List (MSC-PCL) and initiates the codec negotiation towards BSS. The MSC sends the Codec information (i.e. MSC-PCL) towards the BSS within the BSSMAP Assignment Request message. The MSC-PCL contains the MSC Preferred Codec Type, but also other, alternative Codec Types. The current Information Element defined for AoTDM should be replaced, because in addition to the Codec Type also Codec Configuration information should be sent in case of AMR and AMR-WB Codec Types. + +Therefore a new Information Element (called "MSC-PCL", MSC preferred Codec List IE) is defined for transporting this Codec information to the BSS. The MSC-PCL is a prioritized list of all Codecs offered to BSS for channel assignment. The MSC-Preferred Codec Type is the first one in the MSC-PCL. It matches the Selected Codec (SC) within the Core Network in the best possible way. This MSC-PCL replaces the existing information (permitted speech version identifier, also called Speech Coder Version List, SCVL) coded within Channel Type IE octets 5, 5a, 5b and afterwards. + +In addition the new MSC-PCL contains also information on transcoder resource location and interface type. + +The BSS has in principle the freedom to select any Codec Type from the received MSC-PCL. The BSS is not mandated to select the MSC-Preferred Codec Type, but it should do so whenever possible. BSS internal algorithms may result in rare cases in the selection of another Codec Type from the MSC-PCL. Therefore the BSS provides information about the finally chosen Codec ("Speech Version (chosen)") within the BSSMAP Assignment Complete message. If the chosen Codec is different to the MSC-Preferred Codec Type, already selected within the MGW, then the MSC has to MODify the MGW termination with the new Codec information. + +**NOTE 1:** Also the information element 'Speech Version (chosen)' should be enhanced to include the chosen Codec Configuration for AMR and AMR-WB Codec Types. It is proposed to introduce a new Information Element "Speech Codec (chosen)" for that purpose. + +In order to reduce the number of case, when the BSS has to select a Codec Type different from the Codec Type prioritized by the MSC, the BSS informs the MSC for each call about the availability of resources to support different 3GPP Codec Types. This information has to be provided before the MSC starts the end-to-end Codec Negotiation. + +**One proposal** is to use a "per call" approach by introducing a new Information Element "BSC-SCL" (BSC Supported Codec List), which the BSC appends the BSC-SCL to the BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 Information message. If MSC detects that this new BSC-SCL is related to a speech call, then it uses this information for end-to-end Codec negotiation + +and for Codec pre-selection for the RAN interface. In case MSC receives the information for any other transaction (for example MSC receives BSC-SCL for a data call), it is proposed to store this BSC-SCL in case a subsequent speech call is triggered afterwards, where the stored BSC-SCL can be used for this speech call's Codec negotiation. + +![Sequence diagram showing the exchange of codec information between BSC, MSC, and MGW for a speech call. The process involves Layer 3 completion, MSS codec negotiation, Add.Req/Reply, H.248 procedures, and final assignment messages.](9870bf462aa0d916a16d14b5a100c60a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSC + participant MSC + participant MGW + + Note left of BSC: Complete Layer 3 + BSC->>MSC: BSC-SCL + Note left of BSC: Complete Layer 3 + BSC->>MSC: DTAP, SETUP (MS-SCL) + Note right of MSC: MSS performs the (OoBTC) codec negotiation with terminating side + Note right of MSC: MSS determines the "MSS Preferred Codec Type and Configuration" + MSC->>MGW: Add.Req +(T$, Reference point : A(oIP), IP address =?, port =?, pCodec*, RTP PT) + MGW-->>MSC: Add.Reply +(T1, IP address, port) + Note right of MGW: H.248 Procedure +Reserve RTP Connection Point + Change RTP Through -connection + MSC->>BSC: Assignment Request +(AoIP Container IE, MSS-PCL IE) + BSC-->>MSC: Assignment Complete +(AoIP Container IE, Speech Codec (chosen) IE) + MSC->>MGW: Mod.Req +(T1, remote IP address, port, (codec**, RTP PT)) + MGW-->>MSC: Mod.Reply (T1) + Note right of MGW: H.248 Procedure +Configure RTP Resources + Change RTP Through -connection + Note left of BSC: User plane is available for traffic + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the exchange of codec information between BSC, MSC, and MGW for a speech call. The process involves Layer 3 completion, MSS codec negotiation, Add.Req/Reply, H.248 procedures, and final assignment messages. + +\* pCodec = MSC Preferred Codec type + +\*\* Codec = Speech Codec (chosen), indicated to MGW if the chosen Codec is different to the MSC-Preferred Codec Type. + +**Figure 7.1.3.1.1: Exchange of Codec Information “per call”** + +**Another proposal** is to provide BSC-SCL information for the whole BSS area (all Codec Types in all cells) in one or more messages in a periodical or on-demand manner. In these messages the BSS could report all its Codec capabilities or only the Codec capabilities it wants to dynamically communicate to the MSC. It would be up to BSS implementation and operators' deployment strategy (by O&M setting) to decide which of the actual Codec capabilities should be reported. The MSC would have to store the whole list of BSC-SCLs until a new update is available. The BSC-SCL information could be sent by reusing and slightly expanding the existing two BSSAP messages RESOURCE REQUEST/RESOURCE INDICATION pair (see TS 48.008) on a cell basis. The overall architecture and signalling are shown in figure 7.1.3.1.1. + +![Sequence diagram showing BSC-SCL information exchange 'per whole BSS' between BSS 1, MSC 1, MSC 2, and BSS 2. The diagram illustrates the flow of messages for resource requests, indications, Layer 3 completion, and codec assignment. A dashed pink line at the bottom indicates the user plane establishment.](2837ffdadcdb1e5bababa56b564e56ed_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSS1 as BSS 1 + participant MSC1 as MSC 1 + participant MSC2 as MSC 2 + participant BSS2 as BSS 2 + + Note left of BSS1: Resource Request + BSS1->>MSC1: Resource Request + MSC1-->>BSS1: Resource Indication 1 + Note right of MSC1: ... + MSC1-->>BSS1: Resource Indication m + BSS1->>MSC1: Complete Layer 3 (Doesn't change) + BSS1->>MSC1: DTAP, Setup(MS-SCL 1) + Note right of MSC1: OoBTC (SCL) + MSC1->>MSC2: OoBTC (SCL) + Note right of MSC2: Resource Request + MSC2->>BSS2: Resource Request + BSS2-->>MSC2: Resource Indication 1 + Note right of MSC2: ... + BSS2-->>MSC2: Resource Indication m + MSC2->>BSS2: Complete Layer 3 (Doesn't change) + MSC2->>BSS2: DTAP, Call Confirm (MS-SCL 2) + Note right of MSC2: OoBTC (SC) + MSC2->>MSC1: OoBTC (SC) + MSC1->>BSS1: Assignment Request (MSC-PCL 1: SC,+) + BSS1->>MSC1: Assignment Complete (Speech Codec (chosen) = SC) + MSC2->>BSS2: Assignment Request (MSC-PCL 2: SC,+) + BSS2->>MSC2: Assignment Complete (Speech Codec (chosen) = SC) + + Note right of BSS2: User Plane established end-to-end transcoding free with AoIP - NbIoP - AoIP + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing BSC-SCL information exchange 'per whole BSS' between BSS 1, MSC 1, MSC 2, and BSS 2. The diagram illustrates the flow of messages for resource requests, indications, Layer 3 completion, and codec assignment. A dashed pink line at the bottom indicates the user plane establishment. + +**Figure 7.1.3.1.2: BSC-SCL information exchange "per whole BSS"** + +NOTE 2: If there is concern that the stored BSC-SCL can be outdated for a subsequent speech call, an optional 'pull BSC-SCL' procedure can be implemented to fetch the up to date Codec capabilities of the BSC whenever needed. + +EXAMPLE: The BSS decided to prohibit the usage of full rate channels due to high load in the served cell. In that case the BSS indicates within the BSC-SCL to MSC that only half rate Codec Types are allowed. + +**The current working assumption is to transmit the BSC-SCL per call.** + +NOTE 3: The default Codec Type GSM-FR shall never be excluded by the BSS in the BSC-SCL, but it will be used only in very rare cases, e.g. when the MS does not support any other Codec Type. + +#### 7.1.3.2 Exchange of Codec Information at Handover + +In the (traffic channel) handover procedure the BSSMAP Complete Layer 3 message is not always exchanged. The MSC does therefore not always receive the Codec resource information (BSC-SCL) of the new, target BSS before it requests channel assignment in the BSSMAP Handover Request. + +In these cases the MSC has to guess what the target BSS supports. It can be shown, that this is not a serious drawback. The best an MSC can do - in every handover situation - is to offer a Codec Type that is compatible to the already fixed SC in the Core Network as Preferred BSS Codec Type. If this Codec is accepted by the target BSC, then the optimal Codec combination is reached for this handover case. If this Codec is not accepted by the target BSC, then there are good reasons and the early knowledge of the BSC-SCL could not change these. + +The MSC does in general also not know, which Interface Types (AoIP and/or AoTDM) the target BSS supports for this handover event. Consider that an Interface Type may not be provided at all, or it could be temporarily unavailable, e.g. due to overload or failure. Therefore both Interface Types may be offered in the MSC-PCL. Alternatively the MSC could use a 'pull BSC-SCL' procedure to get the most updated target BSC-SCL to construct the MSC-PCL for the BSSMAP Handover Request message. This is, however, slower and needs more signalling on the A-Interface and has no obvious strong advantage. + +**The current working assumption is that it shall be possible for the CN to offer both, AoIP and AoTDM, Interface Types in parallel, if the MSC has no other information to decide the Interface Type. But offering two termination types will not be mandatory. In this case, if the interface type chosen by the MSC cannot be supported – for that call - by the target BSS, a new reject cause (e.g. "interface not available") shall be used, so that the CN can issue a new request using the other interface type.** + +The new, target BSC may provide its BSC-SCL in the BSSMAP Handover Request Acknowledge message or in the BSSMAP Handover Failure message. The MSC may use this information for the potential, optional subsequent Codec Re-Negotiation procedures within the Core Network or to initiate a new channel assignment request in case the first channel assignment request failed (rare case). + +### 7.1.4 Location of Transcoder Resource in BSS or CN + +The proposed new Information Elements (BSC-SCL and MSC-PCL) provide flexible means to negotiate and select the location of the transcoder resource, if needed, either within the BSS or within the Core Network. By flexible setting different bits within the BSC-SCL, the BSC can indicate to the MSC for each Codec Type, whether the BSS has the transcoder resource or not. The MSC can indicate by setting the corresponding bits within the MSC-PCL, whether it requests the BSS to support the transcoding to PCM or whether the BSS shall not perform transcoding. + +In this way the existing transcoder resources of a legacy BSS can be efficiently reused after the upgrade to AoIP. Existing transcoder pools within the BSS for a specific Codec Type can be expanded within the MGW for growing traffic demands. + +### 7.1.5 Exchange of RTP Parameters + +The IETF-standardized RTP Profiles for 3GPP Codecs offer quite some flexibility. Examples are: Payload Type, Redundancy, Packetization Time, etc. + +These RTP Parameters must be either pre-defined per 3GPP- standardization (simplest, but least flexible solution) or the exchange of these RTP Parameters must be defined. + +**The current working assumptions are:** + +- pre-defined fixed RTP Payload Type per Codec shall be used, +- pre-defined fixed RTP parameters per Codec shall be used: +no redundancy shall be used, one RTP packet shall include only one speech or SID frame +- it shall be possible to use Redundancy for CS data services. + +Some CSD services, especially fax, are sensitive to data loss. For those CSD services without re-transmission scheme in the application layer (e.g. fax), the loss of data blocks will cause distortion in the transmitted data or maybe even the failure of the service. Although IP is an effective transportation bearer, it does have some inherent flaws and packet loss is one of them. When transport link quality is not so stable (e.g. ADSL, microwave relay, etc.) or when there is congestion, the loss of packets is almost unavoidable. Because data redundancy will reduce the data loss rate caused by packet loss, it will improve the successful rate of CSD services for AoIP. + +For data redundancy, several successive data blocks are packed into one RTP packet, just as shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2. The number of successive data blocks in an RTP packet is defined as Redundancy Level. Redundancy Level 1 denotes the transmission without redundancy. The redundancy level is 2 in Fig.1, where altogether 5 (n) data blocks are transferred in 6 (n+1) RTP packets with a substantially increased payload size (n\*2+2). The redundancy level is 3 in Fig.2, where altogether 4 (m) data blocks are transferred in six RTP packets (m+2) and substantially increased payload size (m\*3+2). + +For redundancy level 1, if one RTP packet is lost, one data block is lost, too. The delay is at its minimum. For redundancy level 2, if one RTP packet is lost, no data block will be lost. The delay at receiver side is increased by the need to wait for one more RTP packet. For redundancy level 3, if two successive RTP packets are lost, no data blocks will be lost. The delay at receiver side is increased by the need to wait for two more RTP packets. + +The format of the payload in the RTP packet that contains redundant data blocks could use the format defined in RFC2198. In order to protect the head data block and tail data block, dummy data blocks are inserted. The inserted dummy data blocks eliminate the extra delay at sender side otherwise caused by data redundancy. The idle frame could be used as dummy data block. The dummy data blocks do not eliminate the delay at receiver side, if the receiver decides to deploy the redundancy. Redundancy increases the bandwidth demand substantially and the number of RTP packets and the transmission delay noticeably. A change of the redundancy level during a call causes a jump of the delay in the data path and therefore (most likely) a loss or distortion of data. Redundancy and the change of the redundancy level shall therefore be used with care – if at all. + +**Redundancy is always used symmetrically, i.e. the same redundancy level is used in both directions across the A-Interface.** + +![Diagram of RTP packets with redundancy level 2. Six packets are shown in a 2x3 grid. Each packet contains two blocks: one dummy data block and two data blocks. The dummy block is at the start of packets 1 and 6, and at the end of packet 3.](6629e8a87e7552e2454b7c3e9f6d73a0_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | +|------------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|------------------| +| RTP Packet 1 | | RTP Packet 2 | | RTP Packet 3 | | +| Dummy Data Block | Data Block 1 | Data Block 1 | Data Block 2 | Data Block 2 | Data Block 3 | +| RTP Packet 4 | | RTP Packet 5 | | RTP Packet 6 | | +| Data Block 3 | Data Block 4 | Data Block 4 | Data Block 5 | Data Block 5 | Dummy Data Block | + +Diagram of RTP packets with redundancy level 2. Six packets are shown in a 2x3 grid. Each packet contains two blocks: one dummy data block and two data blocks. The dummy block is at the start of packets 1 and 6, and at the end of packet 3. + +**Fig.1 Redundant Packet with redundancy level = 2** + +![Diagram of RTP packets with redundancy level 3. Six packets are shown in a 3x2 grid. Each packet contains three blocks: one dummy data block and three data blocks. The dummy block is at the start of packets 1 and 2, and at the end of packet 5.](382a9c9e4816bd229191ab4591424dd8_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | +|------------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|------------------| +| RTP Packet 1 | | | RTP Packet 2 | | | +| Dummy Data Block | Dummy Data Block | Data Block 1 | Dummy Data Block | Data Block 1 | Data Block 2 | +| RTP Packet 3 | | | RTP Packet 4 | | | +| Data Block 1 | Data Block 2 | Data Block 3 | Data Block 2 | Data Block 3 | Data Block 4 | +| RTP Packet 5 | | | RTP Packet 6 | | | +| Data Block 3 | Data Block 4 | Dummy Data Block | Data Block 4 | Dummy Data Block | Dummy Data Block | + +Diagram of RTP packets with redundancy level 3. Six packets are shown in a 3x2 grid. Each packet contains three blocks: one dummy data block and three data blocks. The dummy block is at the start of packets 1 and 2, and at the end of packet 5. + +**Fig.2 Redundant Packet with redundancy level = 3** + +In general, the redundancy level of the RTP packet transferred on the A-interface should be negotiable at Assignment Request and/or Handover Request. It should be finally determined by the **BSS** according to the wire (IP) link quality and the bandwidth resource. For bad IP link quality, where the disturbance is fairly high, the redundancy level should be a little higher; while for lack of bandwidth resource, the redundancy level could be adjusted to a lower value to reduce the bandwidth cost. + +## 7.2 Signalling Messages + +In this section some examples are provided showing how the relevant signalling messages and Information Elements could look like. + +### 7.2.1 BSSMAP + +#### 7.2.1.1 Assignment Request + +| INFORMATION ELEMENT | REFERENCE / Description | DIRECTION | TYPE | LEN | +|-------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|-------------|------| +| Message Type | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.1 | MSC-BSS | M | 1 | +| Channel Type | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.11 | MSC-BSS | M | 5-10 | +| Layer 3 Header Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.9 | MSC-BSS | O (note 3) | 4 | +| Priority | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.18 | MSC-BSS | O | 3 | +| Circuit Identity Code | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.2 | MSC-BSS | O (note 1) | 3 | +| Downlink DTX Flag | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.26 | MSC-BSS | O (note 2) | 2 | +| Interference Band To Be Used | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.21 | MSC-BSS | O | 2 | +| Classmark Information 2 | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.19 | MSC-BSS | O (note 4) | 4-5 | +| Group Call Reference | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.55 | MSC-BSS | O (note 5) | 7 | +| Talker Flag | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.54 | MSC-BSS | O (note 6) | 1 | +| Configuration Evolution Indication | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.57 | MSC-BSS | O (note 7) | 2 | +| LSA Access Control Suppression | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.61 | MSC-BSS | O (note 8) | 2 | +| Service Handover | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.75 | MSC-BSS | O (note 9) | 3 | +| Encryption Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.10 | MSC-BSS | O (note 10) | 3-n | +| Talker Priority | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.89 | MSC-BSS | O (note 11) | 2 | +| AoIP Container (MGW) | The container information is exchanged between MSC and BSS. | MSC-BSS | C | | +| MSC Preferred Codec List (MSC-PCL) | List of Codec Types, eligible at channel assignment, ordered by MSC preference | MSC-BSS | C | | +| Call Identifier | Defined on a per MSC basis and only used for IP-based calls | MSC-BSS | C | | + +#### 7.2.1.2 Assignment Complete + +| INFORMATION ELEMENT | REFERENCE / Description | DIRECTION | TYPE | LEN | +|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|------------|----------| +| Message Type | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.1 | BSS-MSC | M | 1 | +| RR Cause | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.22 | BSS-MSC | O | 2 | +| Circuit Identity Code | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.2 | BSS-MSC | O (note 4) | 3 | +| Cell Identifier | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.17 | BSS-MSC | O (note 1) | 3-10 | +| Chosen Channel | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.33 | BSS-MSC | O (note 3) | 2 | +| Chosen Encryption Algorithm | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.44 | BSS-MSC | O (note 5) | 2 | +| Circuit Pool | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.45 | BSS-MSC | O (note 2) | 2 | +| Speech Version (Chosen) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.51 | BSS-MSC | O (note 6) | 2 | +| LSA Identifier | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.15 | BSS-MSC | O (note 7) | 5 | +| Talker Priority | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.89 | BSS-MSC | O (note 8) | 2 | +| AoIP Container (BSS) | The information is exchanged between MSC and BSS. | BSS-MSC | C | x | +| Speech Codec (chosen) | Enhanced "Speech Version (chosen)", including information on:
- Configuration (AMR/AMR-WB);
- Transcoder resource location;
- Interface Type.
| BSS-MSC | C | x | + +#### 7.2.1.3 Handover Required + +| INFORMATION ELEMENT | REFERENCE/ Description | DIRECTION | TYPE | LEN | +|-------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|------------|--------------------| +| Message Type | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.1 | BSS-MSC | M | 1 | +| Cause | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.5 | BSS-MSC | M | 3-4 | +| Response Request | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.28 | BSS-MSC | O (note 8) | 1 | +| Cell Identifier List (Preferred) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.27 | BSS-MSC | M (note 4) | 2n+3
to
7n+3 | +| Circuit Pool List | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.46 | BSS-MSC | O (note 1) | V | +| Current Channel Type 1 | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.49 | BSS-MSC | O (note 2) | 2 | +| Speech Version (Used) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.51 | BSS-MSC | O (note 3) | 2 | +| Queueing Indicator | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.50 | BSS-MSC | O | 2 | +| Old BSS to New BSS Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.58 | BSS-MSC | O | 2-n | +| Source RNC to target RNC transparent information (UMTS) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.76 | BSS-MSC | O (note 5) | 3-m | +| Source RNC to target RNC transparent information (cdma2000) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.77 | BSS-MSC | O (note 6) | n-m | +| GERAN Classmark | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.78 | BSS-MSC | O (note 7) | V | +| Talker Priority | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.89 | BSS-MSC | O (note 9) | 2 | +| BSC Supported Codec List (BSC-SCL) | List of Codec Types, Codec Configurations, Transcoder Resource Locations and Interface Types supported by the BSS in this very moment | BSS-MSC | O | | +| Speech Codec (Used) | Enhanced "Speech Version (used)", including information on:
- Configuration (AMR/AMR-WB);
- Transcoder resource location;
- Interface Type.
| BSS-MSC | C | x | + +#### 7.2.1.4 Handover Request + +| INFORMATION ELEMENT | REFERENCE / Description | DIRECTION | TYPE | LEN | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|------------------|----------| +| Message Type | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.1 | MSC-BSS | M | 1 | +| Channel Type | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.11 | MSC-BSS | M | 5-10 | +| Encryption Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.10 | MSC-BSS | M (note 1) | 3-n | +| Classmark Information 1
or
Classmark Information 2 | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.30 48.008
Section 3.2.2.19 | MSC-BSS | M#
M (note 6) | 2
4-5 | +| Cell Identifier (Serving) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.17 | MSC-BSS | M (note 20) | 5-10 | +| Priority | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.18 | MSC-BSS | O | 3 | +| Circuit Identity Code | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.2 | MSC-BSS | O (note 7) | 3 | +| Downlink DTX Flag | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.26 | MSC-BSS | O (note 3) | 2 | +| Cell Identifier (Target) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.17 | MSC-BSS | M (note 17) | 3-10 | +| Interference Band To Be
Used | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.21 | MSC-BSS | O | 2 | +| Cause | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.5 | MSC-BSS | O (note 9) | 3-4 | +| Classmark Information 3 | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.20 | MSC-BSS | O (note 4) | 3-14 | +| Current Channel type 1 | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.49 | MSC-BSS | O (note 8) | 2 | +| Speech Version (Used) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.51 | MSC-BSS | O (note 10) | 2 | +| Group Call Reference | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.55 | MSC-BSS | O (note 5) | 7 | +| Talker Flag | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.54 | MSC-BSS | O (note 11) | 1 | +| Configuration Evolution
Indication | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.57 | MSC-BSS | O (note 12) | 2 | +| Chosen Encryption Algorithm
(Serving) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.44 | MSC-BSS | O (note 2) | 2 | +| Old BSS to New BSS
Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.58 | MSC-BSS | O (note 13) | 2-n | +| LSA Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.23 | MSC-BSS | O (note 14) | 3+4n | +| LSA Access Control
Suppression | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.61 | MSC-BSS | O (note 15) | 2 | +| Service Handover | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.75 | MSC-BSS | O (note 21) | 3 | +| IMSI | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.6 | MSC-BSC | O (note 16) | 3-10 | +| Source RNC to target RNC
transparent information
(UMTS) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.76 | MSC-BSS | O (note 18) | n-m | +| Source RNC to target RNC
transparent information
(cdma2000) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.77 | MSC-BSS | O (note 19) | n-m | +| SNA Access Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.82 | MSC-BSC | O (note 22) | 2+n | +| Talker Priority | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.89 | MSC-BSC | O (note 23) | 2 | +| AoIP Container (MGW) | The container information is
exchanged between MSC and BSS.
| MSC-BSS | C | | +| MSC Preferred Codec List
(MSC-PCL)
| List of Codec Types, Codec
Configurations, Transcoder Resource
Locations and Interface Types
supported by the CN
in this very moment for channel
assignment, ordered by MSC
preference.
| MSC-BSS | C | | +| Call Identifier | Defined on a per MSC basis and only
used for IP-based calls
| MSC-BSS | C | | + +#### 7.2.1.5 Handover Request Acknowledge + +| INFORMATION ELEMENT | REFERENCE / Description | DIRECTION | TYPE | LEN | +|-------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|-------------|------| +| Message Type | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.1 | BSS-MSC | M | 1 | +| Layer 3 Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.24 | BSS-MSC | M (note 1) | 11-n | +| Chosen Channel | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.33 | BSS-MSC | O (note 4) | 2 | +| Chosen Encryption Algorithm | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.44 | BSS-MSC | O (note 5) | 2 | +| Circuit Pool | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.45 | BSS-MSC | O (note 2) | 2 | +| Speech Version (Chosen) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.51 | BSS-MSC | O (note 6) | 2 | +| Circuit Identity Code | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.2 | BSS-MSC | O (note 3) | 3 | +| LSA Identifier | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.15 | BSS-MSC | O (note 7) | 5 | +| New BSS to Old BSS Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.80 | BSS-MSC | O (note 8) | 2-n | +| Inter-System Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.81 | BSS-MSC | O (note 9) | 2-n | +| Talker Priority | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.89 | BSS-MSC | O (note 10) | 2 | +| AoIP Container (BSS) | The container information is exchanged between MSC and BSS. | BSS-MSC | C | | +| BSC Supported Codec List (BSC-SCL) | List of Codec Types, Codec Configurations, Transcoder Resource Locations and Interface Types supported by the BSS in this very moment | BSS-MSC | O | | +| Speech Codec (Chosen) | Enhanced "Speech Version (used)", including information on:
- Configuration (AMR/AMR-WB);
- Transcoder resource location;
- Interface Type.
| BSS-MSC | C | | + +#### 7.2.1.6 Handover Performed + +| INFORMATION ELEMENT | REFERENCE | DIRECTION | TYPE | LEN | +|-------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|------------|----------| +| Message Type | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.1 | BSS-MSC | M | 1 | +| Cause | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.5 | BSS-MSC | M | 3-4 | +| Cell Identifier | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.17 | BSS-MSC | M (note 5) | 3-10 | +| Chosen Channel | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.33 | BSS-MSC | O (note 1) | 2 | +| Chosen Encryption Algorithm | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.44 | BSS-MSC | O (note 2) | 2 | +| Speech Version (Chosen) | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.51 | BSS-MSC | O (note 3) | 2 | +| LSA Identifier | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.15 | BSS-MSC | O (note 4) | 5 | +| Talker Priority | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.89 | BSS-MSC | O (note 6) | 2 | +| BSC Supported Codec List (BSC-SCL) | List of Codec Types, Codec Configurations, Transcoder Resource Locations and Interface Types supported by the BSS in this very moment | BSS-MSC | O | | +| Speech Codec (Chosen) | Enhanced "Speech Version (Chosen)", including information on:
- Configuration (AMR/AMR-WB);
- Transcoder resource location;
- Interface Type.
| BSS-MSC | C | x | + +#### 7.2.1.7 Complete Layer 3 Information + +| INFORMATION ELEMENT | REFERENCE | DIRECTION | TYPE | LEN | +|------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|------------|------| +| Message Type | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.1 | BSS-MSC | M | 1 | +| Cell Identifier | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.17 | BSS-MSC | M | 3-10 | +| Layer 3 Information | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.24 | BSS-MSC | M | 3-n | +| Chosen Channel | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.33 | BSS-MSC | O (note 1) | 2 | +| LSA Identifier List | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.16 | BSS-MSC | O (note 2) | 3+3n | +| PADU | 48.008 Section 3.2.2.68 | BSS-MSC | O (note 3) | 3-n | +| BSC Supported Codec List (BSC-SCL) | List of Codec Types, Codec Configurations, Transcoder Resource Locations and Interface Types supported by the BSS in this very moment | BSS-MSC | O | | + +#### 7.2.1.8 BSC-SCL and MSC-PCL + +| # | Comments | Coding | | | | | | | mandatory or optional | | +|----|---------------|---------------------------------------|-------|--------|---------|--------------------|-------|------|-----------------------|----------------------| +| 1 | IE-Identifier | "BSC-SCL" or "MSC-SCL" | | | | | | | mandatory | | +| 2 | Length | "Length of IE after length byte" = 11 | | | | | | | mandatory | | +| 3 | 1. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR" = 0000 | | | | mandatory in BSC-SCL | +| 4 | 2. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "HR" = 0001 | | | | optional | +| 5 | 3. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "EFR" = 0010 | | | | optional | +| 6 | 4. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR_AMR" = 0011 | | | | optional | +| 7 | Configuration | set7 | set6 | set5 | set4 | set3 | set2 | set1 | set0 | conditional | +| 8 | Configuration | set15 | set14 | set13 | set12 | set11 | set10 | set9 | set8 | conditional | +| 9 | 5. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "HR_AMR" = 0100 | | | | optional | +| 10 | Configuration | set7 | set6 | set5 | set4 | set3 | set2 | set1 | set0 | conditional | +| 11 | Configuration | set15 | set14 | set13 | set12 | set11 | set10 | set9 | set8 | conditional | +| 12 | 6. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR_AMR-WB" = 1001 | | | | optional | +| 13 | Configuration | - | - | set5 | set4 | set3 | set2 | set1 | set0 | conditional | + +NOTE 1: The coding of Codec Types (FR, HR, ...) is according to TS 26.103 [9] and TS 28.062 [16]. + +NOTE 2: The coding of AMR Configurations with set 0 to set 15 is used in TS 28.062 [16] (TFO). +Alternatively the AMR Configurations could be coded according to TS 26.103[9]: + +| 1 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR_AMR" | | | | mandatory | +|---|----------|---------|------|--------|---------|----------|-----|------|------|-------------| +| 2 | ACS | 12.2 | 10.2 | 7.95 | 7.4 | 6.7 | 5.9 | 5.15 | 4.75 | conditional | +| 3 | SCS | 12.2 | 10.2 | 7.95 | 7.4 | 6.7 | 5.9 | 5.15 | 4.75 | conditional | +| 4 | OM, MACS | - | - | - | - | OM MACS | | | | | + +Each AMR Mode could be included or excluded by marking the corresponding bit. In this representation "set 1" would be: + +| | | | | | | | | | | | +|---|----------|---------|-----|--------|---------|-----------------|---|---|---|-------------| +| 1 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR_AMR" | | | | mandatory | +| 2 | ACS | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | conditional | +| 3 | SCS | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | conditional | +| 4 | OM, MACS | - | - | - | - | 0 | | 4 | | | + +A mapping between both representations is possible. This alternative coding is used in OoBTC on Nc. It needs more octets per AMR Codec. It allows more flexibility, but has the substantial drawback of higher risk of end-to-end incompatibility, higher implementation and verification effort. + +It is current working assumption to use set 0 to set 15 on AoIP. + +#### 7.2.1.9 Speech Codec (Chosen) + +| # | Comments | Coding | | | | | | | | mandatory or optional | +|-----|---------------|---------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|---------|-----------------------|-----|-----|-----|-----------------------| +| 1 | IE-Identifier | "Speech Codec (chosen)" | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 2 | Length | "Length of IE after length byte" = 1, 2, 3 | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 3 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "Codec Chosen" | | | | mandatory | +| (4) | Configuration | Set | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | conditional | +| (5) | Configuration | Set | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | conditional | + +NOTE: The coding of "Codec Chosen" is according to TS 26.103 [9], i.e. the same as in e.g. BSC-SCL. + +#### 7.2.1.10 Speech Codec (Used) + +| # | Comments | Coding | | | | | | | | mandatory or optional | +|-----|---------------|---------------------------------------------------|-----|--------|---------|---------------------|-----|-----|-----|-----------------------| +| 1 | IE-Identifier | "Speech Codec (Used)" | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 2 | Length | "Length of IE after length byte" = 1, 2, 3 | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 3 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "Codec Used" | | | | mandatory | +| (4) | Configuration | Set | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | conditional | +| (5) | Configuration | Set | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | conditional | + +NOTE: The coding of "Codec Used" is according to TS 26.103 [9], i.e. the same as in e.g. BSC-SCL. + +#### 7.2.1.11 Circuit Switched Data Codec (CSD Dummy Codec) + +In order to support a flexible migration from fax and data via 64k TDM lines to fax and data via IP, considering the redundancy for better packet loss resilience, it is proposed to define a "CSD Dummy Codec" for the BSC-SCL, the MSC-PCL, the "Speech Codec (used)" and "Speech Codec (chosen)" and the "Speech Codec (MSC Chosen)". This CSD Dummy Codec is handled formally like any other (Speech) Codec in the call setup and handover negotiations. + +The direct code-space for Speech Codecs has only 15 entries. But this CSD Dummy Codec is not a Speech Codec and is used comparably rare and so a somewhat less efficient coding is allowed. It is therefore proposed that the coding for the Dummy Codec is using an "extension" mechanism (similar to TS 28.062): the Code-Point "0xF" indicates that in fact the next octet in the IE contains the real 8-bit Code-Point for the Codec. The code-point for this Fax and Data "CSD Dummy Codec" should be "registered" in TS 26.103. There are already two other Dummy Codecs defined for Multi-Media Applications. They have Code-Values 0xFF and 0xFE, so the proposed value 0xFD for **Circuit Switched Data Codec** is the next choice, counting downwards. + +As discussed in chapter 6 it is necessary to differentiate two A-Interface Types for Fax and Data calls (the alternative 2, i.e. 16kbps, is not included in the working assumptions): + +- 64k over legacy TDM lines +- 64k over IP using RFC 4040. + +Two bits are reserved to flag these A-Interface Types. + +As discussed in chapter 6, redundancy should be an option. The redundancy field contains two flags (R2, R3) indicating the support of the Redundancy Level 2 (optional) and 3 (optional), while support of Redundancy Level 1 is mandatory.. The redundancy levels are not depending on each other, it is for example allowed to support redundancy level 1 and 3 without supporting redundancy level 2. + +| # | Comments | Coding | | | | | mandatory or optional | +|---|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------|---------------|-----------------------|--------------|--------------------------------|-----------------------| +| 1 | IE-Identifier | Speech Codec | | | | | mandatory | +| 2 | Length | "Length of IE after length byte" | | | | | mandatory | +| 3 | Codec | spare | 64koIP | 64koTDM | spare | "Codec Extension" = 0xF | mandatory | +| 4 | Codec | "Extended Codec Type(CS Data)" = 0xFD | | | | | mandatory | +| 5 | Redundancy level | R2 | R3 | spare (6 bits) | | | mandatory | + +**Note 1:** In BSC-SCL and MSC-PCL more than one of these A-Interface Types and redundancy options may be flagged to allow an open negotiation and to restrict the negotiation as far as necessary. But in "Speech Codec (Used)", "Speech Codec (Chosen)" and "Speech Codec (MSC Chosen)" exactly one A-Interface Type and one redundancy option shall be specified. Redundancy Level 1 is specified by flagging neither R2 nor R3. + +**Note 2:** the existing "Channel Type" IE contains all the other parameters for fax and data calls. This Channel Type IE and the CSD Dummy Codec shall contain consistent data. + +**Note 3:** Redundancy Level is – of course – not defined for the legacy A-Interface (64koTDM). + +### 7.2.2 DTAP + +Modifications of DTAP are not allowed to maintain compatibility with existing mobiles. + +### 7.2.3 VGCS/VBS Protocol + +VGCS/VBS messages are to be investigated if the BSC Codec List has to be added. + +### 7.2.4 H.248 Protocol + +Void. + +## 7.3 Procedures + +### 7.3.1 Codec Negotiation at Call Setup + +An optimal end-to-end Codec Negotiation shall be performed for each individual call to achieve best quality of service, considering the Codec capabilities of the MS, the BSS as well as the CN and the distant end. + +Figure 7.3.1.1a shows an example MS-to-MS call, with end-to-end Codec negotiation at call setup. + +BSC1 sends to MSC1 its actual "BSC Supported Codec List" (BSC-SCL1) in the first Complete Layer 3 Message that encapsulates the DTAP CM SERVICE REQUEST message from MS1. BSC1 shall predict to its best possible knowledge at this point in time for this specific call, which Codec Types, Configurations and Interface Types could be used in this specific cell area. BSC1 shall not include Codec Types in this BSC-SCL1 that are currently not available. + +The Codec capabilities of MS1 (MS-SCL1) are received in MSC1 in DTAP SETUP, which includes also other call set up details. Upon receiving SETUP, MSC1 shall construct the SCL taking into consideration MS-SCL1, BSC-SCL1 as well as MGW1 capabilities. MSC1 then initiates Codec negotiation through OoBTC (or SIP-I) towards the terminating side, including the SCL. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating end-to-end Codec negotiation at call setup for an MS-to-MS call. The diagram shows four lifelines: BSC 1, MSC 1, MSC 2, and BSC 2. The sequence of messages is: 1. BSC 1 sends 'Complete Layer 3 (BSC-SCL 1)' to MSC 1. 2. BSC 1 sends 'DTAP, Setup (MS-SCL 1)' to MSC 1. 3. MSC 1 sends 'OoBTC (SCL)' to MSC 2. 4. MSC 2 sends 'Complete Layer 3 (BSC-SCL 2)' to BSC 2. 5. MSC 2 sends 'OoBTC (SC)' to MSC 1. 6. MSC 2 sends 'Assignment Request (MSC-PCL 2: pRanC2, +...)' to BSC 2. 7. BSC 2 sends 'Assignment Complete (Speech Codec (chosen) = cRanC2)' to MSC 2. 8. MSC 1 sends 'Assignment Request (MSC-PCL 1: pRanC1, +...)' to BSC 1. 9. BSC 1 sends 'Assignment Complete (Speech Codec (chosen) = cRanC1)' to MSC 1. A dashed pink line at the bottom indicates 'User Plane established end-to-end transcoding free with AoIP - NbIoP - AoIP'.](a161a2bbb4d830e847ccb4f44b7e41a9_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram illustrating end-to-end Codec negotiation at call setup for an MS-to-MS call. The diagram shows four lifelines: BSC 1, MSC 1, MSC 2, and BSC 2. The sequence of messages is: 1. BSC 1 sends 'Complete Layer 3 (BSC-SCL 1)' to MSC 1. 2. BSC 1 sends 'DTAP, Setup (MS-SCL 1)' to MSC 1. 3. MSC 1 sends 'OoBTC (SCL)' to MSC 2. 4. MSC 2 sends 'Complete Layer 3 (BSC-SCL 2)' to BSC 2. 5. MSC 2 sends 'OoBTC (SC)' to MSC 1. 6. MSC 2 sends 'Assignment Request (MSC-PCL 2: pRanC2, +...)' to BSC 2. 7. BSC 2 sends 'Assignment Complete (Speech Codec (chosen) = cRanC2)' to MSC 2. 8. MSC 1 sends 'Assignment Request (MSC-PCL 1: pRanC1, +...)' to BSC 1. 9. BSC 1 sends 'Assignment Complete (Speech Codec (chosen) = cRanC1)' to MSC 1. A dashed pink line at the bottom indicates 'User Plane established end-to-end transcoding free with AoIP - NbIoP - AoIP'. + +**Figure 7.3.1.1a: Example, end-to-end Codec negotiation at call setup, MS-to-MS call +If cRanC1 == SC == cRanC2 then the call is end-to-end transcoding free** + +Upon receiving the terminating call attempt, MSC2 initiates paging of the terminating subscriber. BSC2 sends to MSC2 its actual "BSC Supported Codec List" (BSC-SCL2) in the first Complete Layer 3 Message that encapsulates PAGING RESPONSE message from MS2. + +MS2 sends its Codec capabilities to MSC2 in the DTAP CALL CONFIRMED message. Upon receiving CALL CONFIRMED, MSC2 selects a pair of Codecs to be used for the call, one for the Core Network (called "SC") and one for the terminating RAN (called "pRanC2", Preferred RAN Codec). For that selection MSC2 takes into consideration MS-SCL2, BSC-SCL2, MGW2 capabilities as well as the SCL received from MSC1. In the optimal case SC and pRanC2 are identical or at least compatible. MSC2 considers also possible Interface Types and Transcoder Resource Locations. Of course also the Codec Configurations are pre-decided by MSC2. + +MSC2 then sends the SC back to MSC1. + +MSC1 selects now the Preferred RAN Codec for the originating side (pRanC1), taking the SC, the MS-SCL1, BSC-SCL1 and MGW1 capabilities into account. In the optimal case SC and pRanC1 are identical or at least compatible. MSC1 considers also possible Interface Types and Transcoder Resource Locations. Of course also the Codec Configurations are pre-decided by MSC1. + +MSC1 and MSC2 start now in parallel to construct their offers to BSC1, respectively BSC2. + +The MSC-PCL1 contains pRanC1 as first, most preferred Codec Type for the originating side. + +The MSC-PCL2 contains pRanC2 as first, most preferred Codec Type for the terminating side. + +MSC1/MSC2 sends MSC-PCL1/MSC-PCL2 to BSC1/BSC2 in Assignment Request. BSC1/BSC2 will most likely choose finally the Preferred RAN Codecs for the respective radio interface. + +When the Codec Type is negotiated on the A interface, also the Codec Configuration, the location of the Transcoder resource and the Interface Type are negotiated and decided. This secures the flexible configuration and deployment of A over IP according to different network situations. + +**NOTE:** TFO in the BSC-SCL and MSC-PCL is optional, but not mandated to be configured or used. + +For data and fax call, codec negotiation should also been carried out to select the proper CSD Dummy Codec. The purpose of CSD codec negotiation is to determine the A-interface type and the redundancy level. Figure 7.3.1.1b shows + +an example with CSD Codec Negotiation for the A-interface transport link at call setup. There are two differences between CSD Codec Negotiation and normal Speech Codec Negotiation: + +1. Because the circuit-switch data link for the A-interface will always be terminated in the MGW, CSD Codec Negotiation is not an end-to-end procedure. The negotiation will be carried out by the two involved MSC-BSS pairs separately, each as shown in Figure 7.3.1.1b. +2. Redundancy level Negotiation will only happen for the A-Interface transport link and will not affect the air interface. + +![Sequence diagram showing redundancy level negotiation between BSS1 and MSC1. The diagram consists of three messages: 1. COMPLETE LAYER 3 Message (BSC-SCL - Supported A interface types, Red-Level BS1) from BSS1 to MSC1. 2. ASSIGNMENT REQUEST (MSC-PCL - Preferred A interface types, Red-Level MP1) from MSC1 to BSS1. 3. ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE (Codec (Chosen) - Selected A interface type, Red-Level BD1) from BSS1 to MSC1.](69e5f1993021af230d08c08aac97d9df_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSS1 + participant MSC1 + Note right of BSS1: COMPLETE LAYER 3 Message +(BSC-SCL - Supported A +interface types, Red-Level BS1) + BSS1->>MSC1: COMPLETE LAYER 3 Message + Note left of MSC1: ASSIGNMENT REQUEST +(MSC-PCL - Preferred A +interface types, Red-Level MP1) + MSC1->>BSS1: ASSIGNMENT REQUEST + Note right of BSS1: ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE +(Codec (Chosen) - Selected A +interface type, Red-Level BD1) + BSS1->>MSC1: ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing redundancy level negotiation between BSS1 and MSC1. The diagram consists of three messages: 1. COMPLETE LAYER 3 Message (BSC-SCL - Supported A interface types, Red-Level BS1) from BSS1 to MSC1. 2. ASSIGNMENT REQUEST (MSC-PCL - Preferred A interface types, Red-Level MP1) from MSC1 to BSS1. 3. ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE (Codec (Chosen) - Selected A interface type, Red-Level BD1) from BSS1 to MSC1. + +**Figure 7.3.1.1b: Example redundancy level negotiation at call setup for a data/fax call** + +BSC1 sends MSC1 its actual "BSC Supported Codec List" (BSC-SCL1) in the first Complete Layer 3 Message. In BSC-SCL1, BSC1 uses the CSD Dummy Codec to indicate its capability of supported A-interface type(s) and the supported redundancy levels (RED-Levels BS1 = RED1-RED2-RED3 of BSS1). + +After receiving BSC-SCL1, MSC1 shall tell BSC1 its preferred/supported A-interface type(s) by considering the link resource of MGW1 and the capability of BSC1 comprehensively. Besides that, MSC1 shall also tell BSC1 its preferred/supported redundancy levels (RED-Levels MP1) by considering the link resource of MGW1 and the capability of BSC1 (RED-Levels BS1). The preference of MSC1 is indicated by the CSD Dummy Codec(s) included in MSC-PCL. + +MSC1 sends MSC-PCL to BSC1 in the Assignment Request message. BSC1 will make the final decision of which A-interface will be used and which redundancy level will be used (RED-Level BD1). Only redundancy levels that are supported by both entities (BSS and MSC) may be used. BSC1 tells MSC1 its final decision by the Speech Codec (Chosen) included in the ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE message. MSC1 informs MGW1 accordingly. + +### 7.3.2 Codec Negotiation at Handover + +The assignment procedure at Call Setup, including the enhanced Codec negotiation, aims for best possible Codec setup for best speech quality end-to-end, with the minimal number of transcoding stages in the path and the minimal transport bandwidth. Aiming for improving the successful rate of CSD services, the CSD Codec negotiation is performed in assignment procedure at data/fax Call setup. + +Following the assignment at Call Setup there may be several reasons for the BSS to change the cell and/or the Codec Type and/or the Codec Configuration and/or the Interface Type. The BSC shall always try to keep the Codec Type and Codec Configuration compatible as well as keep the same Interface Type to create least impact on Core Network and distant termination. Sometimes this is, however, not possible. + +For data/fax calls handover might cause the change of the redundancy level used in A-interface and/or the type of A-interface. When the redundancy level and/or the type of A-interface has to be changed, a new CSD Codec shall be negotiated between BSS and MSC. + +The following subchapters discuss different handover cases. + +#### 7.3.2.1 Intra-BSC Handover to a Compatible Target Cell + +For an intra-cell or intra-BSC handover to the same Interface Type and a compatible Codec Type and Codec Configuration, the BSS handles the handover internally. One important Intra-Cell handover case is the cell repacking for higher radio efficiency under high load conditions. The handover from FR\_AMR to HR\_AMR is such an example. + +For data/fax call in AoIP, a compatible target cell means that the CSD Codec will not be changed after handover, i.e., neither the type of A interface nor the redundancy level should be changed after Handover. + +The MSC is merely informed about the handover by the Handover Performed message. A new BSC-SCL, containing the up-to-date Codec capability of the BSC may be included in the Handover Performed message. The MSC may use this in future e.g. at Codec re-negotiation towards the remote end. + +For data/fax call in AoIP, the Handover Performed message may contain a new BSC-SCL which include a new CSD Codec of the target BSS after handover. The MSC may use this for future CSD Codec negotiation. + +#### 7.3.2.2 Intra-BSC Handover to an Incompatible Target Cell + +At intra-cell and intra-BSC handover, if the BSC has to change to an incompatible Codec Type or incompatible Codec Configuration, or if there is a need to change the Interface Type, the BSC shall inform the MSC. + +For data/fax call in AoIP, an incompatible target cell means that the A interface type and/or redundancy level should be changed after handover. + +One important Intra-Cell handover case is the cell repacking for higher radio efficiency under high load conditions. The handover from GSM\_EFR to GSM\_HR is such an example. Important may be that this cell-repacking affects only some of the calls in this cell, not all. The BSC-SCL is therefore often only relevant for the specific call, not for the whole cell. One possible strategy is – for example – to handover only calls with good to best radio conditions from GSM\_EFR to GSM\_HR, while keeping calls with low radio conditions in GSM\_EFR. Also starting new calls may preferably be done in GSM\_EFR, until the radio condition is known and a subsequent repacking to GSM\_HR is possible. In this way the overall speech quality is optimized on cost of more frequent handovers. This Intra-BSC handover is therefore important and should be performed with minimal impact and delay. + +In general, the Intra-Cell handover will not affect the CSD Codec used for the ongoing data/fax call because neither the type of A interface nor the transport link for Abis and A interface will be affected by Intra-Cell handover. + +**One possibility** is to initiate a procedure similar to **Inter-BSC handover**, i.e. Handover Required is sent to the MSC, optionally including a new, up-to-date BSC-SCL. This Handover Required may also include the new AoIP Container for the new radio channel termination. The MSC may handle this Intra-BSC handover like an Inter-BSC handover, see below. The advantage of this possibility is that existing messages and procedures can be reused, although new IEs have to be added. It needs further study how to handle the potentially newly created SCCP connection between the MSC and the same BSC. + +![Sequence diagram of Intra-BSC Handover to a non-compatible Codec. The diagram shows three participants: BSS 1 (left), MSC (center), and BSS 1 (right). The sequence starts with a 'Handover Required' message from the left BSS 1 to the MSC. The message contains 'Speech Codec (used) = RanC1, BSC-SCL1; AoIP-Container'. The MSC then performs internal logic: 'MSC knows: Selected Codec = SC, BSC-SCL1, MS-SCL1, Interface Type 1. Only a Codec compatible to SC allows transcoding free operation. So MSC prioritizes a SC-compatible Codec and an Interface Type as before, and sends this MSC-PCL together with the AoIP Container of the new MGW-termination towards BSS 1. If no compatible Codec exists, then the MGW must insert a transcoder-pair.' Next, the MSC sends a 'Handover Request' to the right BSS 1 with '(MSC-PCL: pRanC2, +...), AoIP Container, ...'. The right BSS 1 responds with a 'Handover Request Acknowledge' containing '(Speech Codec (chosen) = cRanC2, BSC-SCL 1*)'. A note below states: 'Typically cRanC2 == pRanC2. The case that BSC1 selects another Codec than pRanC2 is very unlikely, but possible. In that rare case the MSC has to MODIFY the MGW termination.' A final note at the bottom says: 'Note: The Handover is not completely shown here.'](8d66c9c295023a1380f9986d3663bb1e_img.jpg) + +BSS 1 + +MSC + +BSS 1 + +Handover Required +(Speech Codec (used) = RanC1, BSC-SCL1; +AoIP-Container) + +MSC knows: Selected Codec = SC, BSC-SCL1, MS-SCL1, Interface Type 1. +Only a Codec compatible to SC allows transcoding free operation. +So MSC prioritizes a SC-compatible Codec and an Interface Type as before, and sends this +MSC-PCL together with the AoIP Container of the new MGW-termination towards BSS 1. +If no compatible Codec exists, then the MGW must insert a transcoder-pair. + +Handover Request +(MSC-PCL: pRanC2, +...), AoIP Container, ... + +Handover Request Acknowledge +(Speech Codec (chosen) = cRanC2, +BSC-SCL 1\*) + +Typically cRanC2 == pRanC2. +The case that BSC1 selects another Codec than pRanC2 is very unlikely, but possible. +In that rare case the MSC has to MODIFY the MGW termination. + +Note: The Handover is not completely shown here. + +Sequence diagram of Intra-BSC Handover to a non-compatible Codec. The diagram shows three participants: BSS 1 (left), MSC (center), and BSS 1 (right). The sequence starts with a 'Handover Required' message from the left BSS 1 to the MSC. The message contains 'Speech Codec (used) = RanC1, BSC-SCL1; AoIP-Container'. The MSC then performs internal logic: 'MSC knows: Selected Codec = SC, BSC-SCL1, MS-SCL1, Interface Type 1. Only a Codec compatible to SC allows transcoding free operation. So MSC prioritizes a SC-compatible Codec and an Interface Type as before, and sends this MSC-PCL together with the AoIP Container of the new MGW-termination towards BSS 1. If no compatible Codec exists, then the MGW must insert a transcoder-pair.' Next, the MSC sends a 'Handover Request' to the right BSS 1 with '(MSC-PCL: pRanC2, +...), AoIP Container, ...'. The right BSS 1 responds with a 'Handover Request Acknowledge' containing '(Speech Codec (chosen) = cRanC2, BSC-SCL 1\*)'. A note below states: 'Typically cRanC2 == pRanC2. The case that BSC1 selects another Codec than pRanC2 is very unlikely, but possible. In that rare case the MSC has to MODIFY the MGW termination.' A final note at the bottom says: 'Note: The Handover is not completely shown here.' + +**Figure 7.3.2.2.1: Intra-BSC Handover to a non-compatible Codec** + +A **second possibility** is to define a simplified **3-ways-signalling** MSC-controlled handover procedure, relying on the observation that the source and the target BSS would be the same in this scenario so that two messages used in the normal inter-BSC Handover procedure (namely the "Handover Request" and "Handover Request Acknowledge" messages) would not be needed. + +A 3-ways-signalling procedure could be defined where the first message could be a "Channel Modify Required" or a "Internal Handover Required" message containing at least: + +- A target cell. This shall be a cell controlled by the same BSS +- The up-to-date Codec capabilities in the target cell, i.e. the BSC-SCL +- The new AoIP container with the new IP/UDP termination at the BSS for the new radio channel termination. + +When receiving the "**Channel Modify Required**"/"Internal Handover Required" message from the BSS, the MSC would select its most preferred Codec Type (pRanC) taking into account the BSC-SCL. The pRanC and the new IP/UDP termination at the BSS would be communicated to the MGW in order to add another termination towards the BSS. The MGW would then acknowledge the Add request by sending back to the MSC the new IP/UDP termination at the MGW. + +Similarly, for data/fax call, when receiving the "**Channel Modify Required**"/"Internal Handover Required" message from the BSS, the MSC would select its most preferred interface type and redundancy level (RED-Level MP) by taking into account the BSC-SCL and the currently transport link resource of MGW. + +At this point in time the MSC could reuse existing messages on the A interface to trigger the handover execution phase. In particular, to trigger the handover, the "Handover Command" message would be sent to the BSS, including the MSC-PCL (with pRanC as the first choice) and the new MGW IP/UDP termination. A legacy handover procedure would be performed on the radio interface and then the BSS would finally confirm the handover/Codec change to the MSC with the "Handover Complete" message. See figure 7.3.2.2.2. For data/fax call, the Codec(chosen) in "Handover Complete" message will indicate the interface type and redundancy level chosen by BSS. In general, the whole procedure illustrated in fig 7.3.2.2.2 is also applied to data/fax call. + +![Sequence diagram showing the simplified procedure for intra-BSS Handover to an incompatible Codec. The diagram involves six lifelines: MS, BTS1, BTS2, BSC, MCS-S, and MGW. The process starts with a Measurement Report from MS to BTS1, followed by a Measurement Result from BTS1 to BSC. The BSC then sends a Channel Modify Required / Internal Handover Required message to MCS-S. MCS-S sends an Add Request to MGW, which responds with an Add Response. The BSC then sends a Handover Command to BTS1, which is passed to the MS. The MS sends a Handover Complete message to BTS2, which is passed to the BSC. The BSC then sends a Handover Complete message to MCS-S, which includes the chosen codec. MCS-S sends a Sub Request to MGW, which responds with a Sub Response.](3442f31a562d1ef45bfa18b18a6a1ddc_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BTS1 + participant BTS2 + participant BSC + participant MCS-S + participant MGW + + Note right of BSC: 1. Channel Modify Required / Internal Handover Required (BSS-SCL, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) + MS->>BTS1: Measurement Report + BTS1->>BSC: Measurement Result + BSC->>MCS-S: 1. Channel Modify Required / Internal Handover Required (BSS-SCL, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) + Note right of MCS-S: 1a. Add Request (pRanC, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) + MCS-S->>MGW: 1a. Add Request (pRanC, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) + Note right of MGW: 2. Add Response (New MGW UDP/IP Termination) + MGW->>MCS-S: 2. Add Response (New MGW UDP/IP Termination) + Note right of MCS-S: 2a. Handover Command (MSC-PCL, New MGW UDP/IP Termination) + MCS-S->>BSC: 2a. Handover Command (MSC-PCL, New MGW UDP/IP Termination) + BSC->>BTS1: Handover Command + BTS1->>MS: Handover Command + Note right of MS: Handover Complete + MS->>BTS2: Handover Complete + BTS2->>BSC: Handover Complete + Note right of BSC: 3. Handover Complete (Codec chosen) + BSC->>MCS-S: 3. Handover Complete (Codec chosen) + Note right of MCS-S: 3a. Sub Request + MCS-S->>MGW: 3a. Sub Request + Note right of MGW: 3b. Sub Response + MGW->>MCS-S: 3b. Sub Response + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the simplified procedure for intra-BSS Handover to an incompatible Codec. The diagram involves six lifelines: MS, BTS1, BTS2, BSC, MCS-S, and MGW. The process starts with a Measurement Report from MS to BTS1, followed by a Measurement Result from BTS1 to BSC. The BSC then sends a Channel Modify Required / Internal Handover Required message to MCS-S. MCS-S sends an Add Request to MGW, which responds with an Add Response. The BSC then sends a Handover Command to BTS1, which is passed to the MS. The MS sends a Handover Complete message to BTS2, which is passed to the BSC. The BSC then sends a Handover Complete message to MCS-S, which includes the chosen codec. MCS-S sends a Sub Request to MGW, which responds with a Sub Response. + +**Figure 7.3.2.2.2: Simplified procedure for intra-BSS Handover to an incompatible Codec (Codec change triggered by the BSS)** + +A variant of this procedure is also possible. For instance: + +- Instead of containing the BSC-SCL, the "Channel Modify Required" / "Internal Handover Required" could directly contain the chosen Codec, i.e. the BSS could finally decide the Codec-type. +- Instead of reusing the legacy Handover Command/Handover Complete handover execution procedure, a new message could be defined to trigger the intra-BSS handover and the Handover Performed message could be used to inform the CN of the handover completion (in this case the Handover Performed message would be used by the MSC-S as a trigger to remove the old MGW UDP/IP termination). + +The advantages of a 3-ways-signalling MSC-controlled procedure would be a faster handover handling. + +The disadvantage could be higher implementation and verification effort. + +The decision should be based on statistics from existing networks. If this kind of Intra-BSC handover is expected to happen often, then the procedure should be optimized. Otherwise the existing procedure should be sufficient. + +A **third possibility** is to rely on **User Plane procedures**, whereby the MSC allows multiple Codecs to be used in the MGW and whereby the BSS performs a normal intra-BSS handover, finally sending the "Handover Performed" message to the MSC, and the new target radio leg starts sending UL data to the MGW (from a different, new BSS UDP/IP termination) encoded according the new Codec Type. The MGW would have to detect the Codec change and, before receiving any Control Plane message, add automatically a new termination to the Context, if necessary with transcoder resources, and start sending DL data to the new BSS UDP/IP termination encoded according the new Codec Type. In uplink a smart handover combining could take place and finally the MGW would send a Notify Request to inform the MSC. See figure 7.3.2.2.3. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the User Plane procedure for intra-BSS Handover to an incompatible Codec. The diagram shows interactions between BSS, MSC Server, and MGW. The BSS reports codec capability to the MSC. The MSC sends an ADD.Req to the MGW, which reserves the codec. The MSC then sends an Assignment Request to the BSS, which responds with Assignment Complete. A 'Talking' phase follows. When a handover occurs and the codec type changes to an incompatible tRanC, the BSS sends a Handover Performed message to the MSC. The MGW detects the new tRanC, inserts a TC resource, and notifies the MSC. The MSC sends a Notify.Req to the MGW, which responds with a Notify Reply. A note indicates that speech frames with the new codec type reach the MGW prior to the 'HO performed' message, but it doesn't matter as the MGW adapts automatically.](08f6ace0c83e7394657fa372b47aec04_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSS + participant MSC as MSC Server + participant MGW + + Note right of MGW: MSC informs MGW reserved codec in addition to MSC-PCL. These reserved codec types are used for MGW Adaptation Automatically in case of codec type change during intra-BSS handover + BSS->>MSC: BSC reports its codec capability + Note right of BSS: By certain kinds of mechanisms i.e. per call or res ind/req + MSC->>MGW: ADD.Req (MSC_PCL, Reserved Codecs Event (RTP Package ,)) + MGW-->>MSC: ADD.Reply + MSC->>BSS: Assignment Request( MSC-PCL) + BSS-->>MSC: Assignment Complete( oRanC) + Note right of MSC: Talking + Note left of BSS: Handover occurs, codec type changed from oRanC to incompatible tRanC + BSS->>MSC: Handover Performed ( tRanC) + Note right of MGW: MGW detects new tRanC and insert TC resource (single TC or TC pair) for the call path. Then MGW notifies MSC Server new codec type tRanC + Note left of MGW: Speech frames with new codec type "tRanC" , probably, reaches MGW prior to "HO performed" . It doesn't matter since MGW adapts automatically without notification from MSC Server + MGW->>MSC: Notify.Req (RTP Package (tRanC)) + MSC-->>MGW: Notify Reply + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the User Plane procedure for intra-BSS Handover to an incompatible Codec. The diagram shows interactions between BSS, MSC Server, and MGW. The BSS reports codec capability to the MSC. The MSC sends an ADD.Req to the MGW, which reserves the codec. The MSC then sends an Assignment Request to the BSS, which responds with Assignment Complete. A 'Talking' phase follows. When a handover occurs and the codec type changes to an incompatible tRanC, the BSS sends a Handover Performed message to the MSC. The MGW detects the new tRanC, inserts a TC resource, and notifies the MSC. The MSC sends a Notify.Req to the MGW, which responds with a Notify Reply. A note indicates that speech frames with the new codec type reach the MGW prior to the 'HO performed' message, but it doesn't matter as the MGW adapts automatically. + +**Figure 7.3.2.2.3: User Plane procedure for intra-BSS Handover to an incompatible Codec (Codec change triggered by the BSS)** + +The suggested User Plane procedure seems attractive, but needs further study and coordination with other groups (e.g. CT4). + +The current working assumption is to introduce a simplified 3-ways-signalling MSC-controlled handover procedure. + +#### 7.3.2.3 Inter-BSC Handover + +Inter-BSC handovers can not be handled BSC-internal and the MSC and MGW need to be involved, regardless whether or not the Codec Type, Codec Configuration, A-Interface Type, redundancy level (for data/fax call) or Transcoder Resource location has to be changed. + +The source BSC sends Handover Required to the MSC. + +As described above this Handover Required may optionally contain a new BSC-SCL and a new AoIP Container for the Intra-BSC handover case. For the 'real' Inter-BSC handover case the source BSC is taken out of the call path and thus it's BSC-SCL is useless. + +The reason to include a new BSC-SCL (for Intra-BSC handover case) is to have the latest BSC capability communicated to the MSC. The MSC could then decide whether or not this new BSC-SCL is to be used e.g. in deciding + +the Codec Type and Codec Configuration and Interface Type for the target cell for Intra-BSC handover to an incompatible target cell. The MSC may also use this new BSC-SCL after handover for Codec Re-Negotiation towards the remote end. + +**For a real Inter-BSC handover**, MSC does *in general* not know the target BSC's capability. In that case the MSC may construct the MSC-PCL taking into consideration the currently Selected Codec (Type and Configuration) on the Nb interface. The first Codec in the MSC-PCL shall be compatible to the SC. The other Codecs in the MSC-PCL are determined by the known MS-SCL and the MGW capabilities. + +For data/fax call, the CSD Codecs in MSC-PCL indicates the A interface types preferred by MSC and the types will be ordered according to the preference of MSC. CSD Codec in MSC-PCL also indicates the MSC preferred redundancy level, which could be determined by the current transport link resource of MGW and the redundancy level used by the old BSS. + +In general the MSC does also not know the supported Interface Types of the target BSS. Therefore the MSC may offer all Interface Types in the MSC-PCL, which is sent in the Handover Request Message. This Handover Request Message contains also the AoIP Container, if AoIP is offered. + +The target BSC selects finally the Codec Type, Codec Configuration, A-Interface Type, redundancy level (for data/fax call) and Transcoder Resource Location out of the MSC-PCL. The target BSC reports this back to the MSC in Speech Codec (chosen), included in Handover Request Acknowledge. This Handover Request Acknowledge contains also the AoIP Container, if AoIP is chosen and the new, up-to-date BSC-SCL\*. + +The MSC updates the MGW accordingly. If more than one Interface Type was seized in the MGW, then the not used one has to be SUBtracted from the MGW context. + +If, for whatever reasons, the MSC knows the capabilities of the target BSC, partly or fully, then the MSC may pre-decide the Interface Type and offer only one Interface Type in MSC-PCL. In that case the update of the MGW is sometimes not necessary (except the MODification of the connection address). See figure 7.3.2.3-1 below. + +![Sequence diagram for Real Inter-BSC Handover, example of TDM as selected Interface Type. The diagram shows interactions between BSS 1, MSC 1, MGW 1, and BSS 1*.](ddfa5b18550d1a022a941e3c31843814_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant BSS 1 + participant MSC 1 + participant MGW 1 + participant BSS 1* + + Note left of BSS 1: BSS 1* got a fully flexible offer in MSC-PCL 1 for AoTDM + AoIP. +BSS 1* selected RanC* and AoTDM and reports this back. +BSS 1* also provides its TDM termination data. + BSS 1->>MSC 1: Handover Required (Speech Codec (used) = RanC) + Note right of BSS 1: MSC 1 MODifies the MGW-TDM-Termination accordingly + MSC 1->>MGW 1: ADD.Req (TDM + IP, pRanC) + MGW 1->>MSC 1: ADD.Reply (TDM + IP) + MSC 1->>BSS 1*: Handover Request (MSC-PCL 1: pRanC, +...; TDM+IP terminations) + BSS 1*->>MSC 1: Handover Acknowledge (Speech Codec (chosen) = RanC*: AoITDM, BSC-SCL 1*) + MSC 1->>MGW 1: MOD.Req (TDM, RanC*) + MGW 1->>MSC 1: MOD.Reply () + MSC 1->>MGW 1: SUB.Req (IP) + MGW 1->>MSC 1: SUB.Reply () + Note right of MGW 1: MSC 1 releases the not needed IP termination + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Real Inter-BSC Handover, example of TDM as selected Interface Type. The diagram shows interactions between BSS 1, MSC 1, MGW 1, and BSS 1\*. + +**Figure 7.3.2.3.1: Real Inter-BSC Handover, example of TDM as selected Interface Type** + +### 7.3.3 Codec Re-Negotiation after Inter-BSC Handover + +After the handover is completed and the BSC-SCL of the now serving BSC and the Speech Codec (chosen) is known to the MSC, the MSC may (optional) evaluate, based on the SC and the Available Codec List received earlier from the distant call leg, whether or not Mid-Call Codec Re-Negotiation may result in a better overall end-to-end Codec selection. For data/fax call, MSC may also initiate the procedures to adjust the currently used A-interface type. Different from Speech Codec Re-Negotiation, the CSD Codec re-negotiation procedure in data/fax call is not an end-to-end one. It only happens between a MSC and its connected BSS. + +One important scenario for such a potential Codec Re-Negotiation is the upgrade from narrowband (NB) speech telephony to wideband (WB) speech telephony, when the old BSC was not able to support AMR-WB, but the new BSC is capable to offer AMR-WB speech. + +Although Codec Re-Negotiations are currently possible within the Core Network, there is currently no defined procedure to trigger a Codec change from the Core Network to the BSS. + +One possibility for the Core Network to trigger a Codec Type change (e.g. to re-establish TrFO) could be to trigger a new assignment procedure on the same SCCP connection. This approach would reuse existing messages, but there could be a few drawbacks as well: + +- A new Assignment message would replace the UDP/IP termination at the BSS (and at the MGW), but it would be preferable to have the 2 terminations (old and new) in place during the Codec change, like in the handover case +- The Core Network would not be aware of the current BSS capabilities when initiating the new Assignment procedure. + +In fact, the main issue is to provide a mechanism whereby the BSS informs the Core Network about the Codec Types it can support for the ongoing call, before the Core Network triggers a Codec change. Although the BSS communicates its Codec capabilities at call setup, this is a dynamic information related to a specific time instant in a specific cell so that this might change in time, e.g. due to overload conditions. Therefore a mechanism is needed to update this information for an ongoing call. + +One possibility would be to rely on the simplified MSC-controlled handover procedure defined in section 7.3.2.2, in this case initiated by a preliminary signalling message sent by the MSC to the BSS to trigger a feedback from the BSS about its current Codec capabilities regarding a specific ongoing call. + +This message could be named "Channel Modify Enquiry" or "Internal Handover Enquiry", and it would be different from a legacy "Handover Request" sent to the target BSS during the preparation phase of an inter-BSS handover: its goal is to get back the updated BSS Codec capabilities to handle a specific call and no specific target cell is indicated in the message (the primary goal is to change the Codec, not necessarily the cell, and typically an intra-cell handover would be finally triggered in this case). On the other hand a MSC-PCL (MSC-Preferred Codec List) could be included in the "Internal Handover Enquiry" message to inform the BSS about the MSC Codec preferences. If the goal is to re-establish TrFO, the MSC-PCL in this case should reflect the remote end indicated Codec. The BSS might use this information to decide a possible target cell that meets such requirements. + +The BSS response to the "Channel Modify Enquiry"/"Internal Handover Enquiry" message would be the "Channel Modify Required"/"Internal Handover Required" message described in the section 7.3.2.2. The target cell indicated in the message could be the same cell where the call is currently ongoing; alternatively this could also be a cell where the BSS could better satisfy the MSC Codec preferences expressed in the MSC-PCL contained in the "Internal Handover Enquiry" message. The current BSC-SCL and the new UDP/IP BSS termination for the new radio channel termination would also be added. + +As described in section 7.3.2.2, when receiving the "**Channel Modify Required**"/"Internal Handover Required" message from the BSS, the MSC would select its most preferred Codec Type (pRanC) taking into account the BSC-SCL. If the goal of the Codec change is to re-establish TrFO, and the BSS could not meet the request in the MSC-PCL contained in the "Internal Handover Enquiry" message (i.e. if the BSC-SCL in the "Internal Handover Required" message does not contain the MSC-PCL), then the MSC could also decide it's not beneficial to finally trigger a Codec change and could avoid sending the Handover Command at all (of course this means that TrFO would not be re-established at the end). In data/fax call, if MSC preferred CSD Codec is the same to the BSS selected CSD Codec, MSC could send the Handover Command to change the interface type used by BSS. Otherwise, MSC should avoid sending out the Handover Command message. + +NOTE: One possible way for the MSC to detect whether the BSS is actually waiting for the Handover Command is to add a flag in the "Internal Handover Required" message to clarify whether this message is: + +- sent by the BSS in response to an "Internal Handover Enquiry" -> the BSS doesn't have a real need to perform the intra-BSS HO -> no problem if Handover Command is not received; +- sent by the BSS because of a real need to perform the intra-BSS HO (e.g. to an incompatible Codec Type) -> Handover Command is finally expected. + +If the MSC decides to continue with the handover, the message exchange with the MGW and the signaling procedure on the A interface for the handover execution phase would be the same as described in section 7.3.2.2 The overall procedure is described in figure 7.3.3.1. + +![Sequence diagram showing the message exchange for a codec change triggered by the core network. The diagram involves five entities: MS, BTS, BSC, MCS-S, and MGW. The sequence starts with the BSC sending a Channel Modify Enquiry / Internal Handover Enquiry (MSC-PCL) to the MCS-S. The MCS-S responds with a Channel Modify Required / Internal Handover Required (BSS-SCL, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) to the BSC. The BSC then sends an Add Request (pRanC, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) to the MGW. The MGW responds with an Add Response (New MGW UDP/IP Termination) to the BSC. The BSC sends a Handover Command (MSC-PCL, New MGW UDP/IP Termination) to the BTS. The BTS sends a Handover Command to the MS. The MS sends a Handover Complete to the BTS. The BTS sends a Handover Complete to the BSC. The BSC sends a Handover Complete (Codec chosen) to the MCS-S. The MCS-S sends a Sub Response to the MGW. The MGW sends a Sub Request to the MCS-S.](7722d62e33dcc894cc8555e9474c5606_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant MS + participant BTS + participant BSC + participant MCS-S + participant MGW + + Note right of BSC: 1. Channel Modify Enquiry / Internal Handover Enquiry (MSC-PCL) + BSC->>MCS-S: 1. Channel Modify Enquiry / Internal Handover Enquiry (MSC-PCL) + Note right of MCS-S: 2. Channel Modify Required / Internal Handover Required (BSS-SCL, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) + MCS-S->>BSC: 2. Channel Modify Required / Internal Handover Required (BSS-SCL, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) + Note right of BSC: Add Request (pRanC, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) + BSC->>MGW: Add Request (pRanC, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) + Note right of MGW: Add Response (New MGW UDP/IP Termination) + MGW->>BSC: Add Response (New MGW UDP/IP Termination) + Note right of BSC: 3. Handover Command (MSC-PCL, New MGW UDP/IP Termination) + BSC->>BTS: 3. Handover Command (MSC-PCL, New MGW UDP/IP Termination) + BTS->>MS: Handover Command + MS->>BTS: Handover Complete + BTS->>BSC: Handover Complete + Note right of BSC: 4. Handover Complete (Codec chosen) + BSC->>MCS-S: 4. Handover Complete (Codec chosen) + Note right of MCS-S: Sub Response + MCS-S->>MGW: Sub Response + Note right of MGW: Sub Request + MGW->>MCS-S: Sub Request + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the message exchange for a codec change triggered by the core network. The diagram involves five entities: MS, BTS, BSC, MCS-S, and MGW. The sequence starts with the BSC sending a Channel Modify Enquiry / Internal Handover Enquiry (MSC-PCL) to the MCS-S. The MCS-S responds with a Channel Modify Required / Internal Handover Required (BSS-SCL, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) to the BSC. The BSC then sends an Add Request (pRanC, New BSS UDP/IP Termination) to the MGW. The MGW responds with an Add Response (New MGW UDP/IP Termination) to the BSC. The BSC sends a Handover Command (MSC-PCL, New MGW UDP/IP Termination) to the BTS. The BTS sends a Handover Command to the MS. The MS sends a Handover Complete to the BTS. The BTS sends a Handover Complete to the BSC. The BSC sends a Handover Complete (Codec chosen) to the MCS-S. The MCS-S sends a Sub Response to the MGW. The MGW sends a Sub Request to the MCS-S. + +Figure 7.3.3.1: Codec change triggered by the Core Network + +NOTE: A potential, optional Codec Re-Negotiation may lead to a change of all Codecs in the speech path, also the one just selected by the BSC during handover. This will result in a short interruption of the speech path and it costs not negligible signalling load. + +Codec Re-Negotiation is therefore considered as optional. + +The definition of the triggers to initiate a Codec Re-Negotiation is not in the scope of a possible Work Item on "AoIP". + +## 7.4 Impacts on the A Interface Control Plane + +In this section some examples are provided showing how the relevant Information Elements could look like. + +### 7.4.1 New Information Element: BSC-SCL + +As described above a new Information Element (BSC-SCL) is defined to transfer the BSC capabilities from the BSC to the MSC in the Complete L3 message at call setup. This BSC-SCL is constructed as shown above and reprinted here for ease of reading: + +| # | Comments | Coding | | | | | | | | mandatory or optional | +|----|----------------------|---------------------------------------|-------------------------|---------------|----------------|--------------------|--------------|-------------|-------------|-----------------------| +| 1 | IE-Identifier | "BSC-SCL" | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 2 | Length | "Length of IE after length byte" = 11 | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 3 | 1. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR" = 0000 | | | | mandatory | +| 4 | 2. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "HR" = 0001 | | | | optional | +| 5 | 3. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "EFR" = 0010 | | | | optional | +| 6 | 4. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR_AMR" = 0011 | | | | optional | +| 7 | Configuration | set7 | set6 | set5 | set4 | set3 | set2 | set1 | set0 | conditional | +| 8 | Configuration | set15 | set1
4 | set13 | set12 | set11 | set10 | set9 | set8 | conditional | +| 9 | 5. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "HR_AMR" = 0100 | | | | optional | +| 10 | Configuration | set7 | set6 | set5 | set4 | set3 | set2 | set1 | set0 | conditional | +| 11 | Configuration | set15 | set1
4 | set13 | set12 | set11 | set10 | set9 | set8 | conditional | +| 12 | 6. Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR_AMR-WB" = 1001 | | | | optional | +| 13 | Configuration | - | - | set5 | set4 | set3 | set2 | set1 | set0 | conditional | + +The table shows a maximum-length example of a BSC-SCL. In a specific call case the sequence of Codecs and the number of Codecs may vary. It is allowed to flag more than one Interface Type for a given Codec Type. In case of AMR and AMR-WB it is also allowed to flag more than one Configuration (set). + +The BSC-SCL is not ordered according to any preference. It must at least contain the GSM\_FR Codec Type with at least one Interface Type. + +The BSC informs the MSC by BSC-SCL, which Codec Types, Codec Configurations, Interface Types and Transcoder Resource Locations it supports in this very moment for this very call. + +For each Codec Type, there are four bits to indicate the Transcoder Resource location, the Interface Type and the optional support of TFO. These four bits are: + +#### Full IP + +'1' means: AoIP with compressed speech via RTP/UDP/IP is supported for this Codec Type. + +No Transcoder resource is necessary in BSS. + +If Full IP is selected, then the Codec Type on the radio interface is identical to the Codec Type on the A-interface + +'0' means: compressed speech via RTP/UDP/IP is not supported for this Codec Type. + +#### TFO + +'1' means: TFO supported for this Codec Type + +'0' means: TFO is not supported for this Codec Type + +TFO is only applicable, if at the same time the Interface Types PCMoIP and/or PCMoTDM are set to '1', too. + +#### PCMoIP + +'1' means: A Transcoder Resource for this (radio) Codec Type may be located in BSS. + +PCM may be transmitted over the A interface with PCM/RTP/UDP/IP. + +If this Interface Type is selected, then the Codec Type on the radio interface is different to the Codec Type on the A-Interface (PCM). + +If TFO is supported then the parameters of the radio Codec may be tunnelled through the PCM link on the A interface. + +'0' means: PCM over A interface with IP as transport is not supported for this Codec Type + +#### PCMoTDM + +'1' means: A Transcoder Resource for this (radio) Codec Type may be located in BSS. + +PCM may be transmitted over A interface with TDM. + +If this Interface Type is selected, then the Codec Type on the radio interface is different to the Codec Type on the A-Interface (PCM). + +If TFO is supported, then the parameters of the radio Codec may be tunnelled through the PCM link on the A interface. + +'0' means: PCM over A interface with TDM as transport is not supported for this Codec Type. + +NOTE: Full IP, PCMoIP and PCMoTDM can be simultaneously supported in the same BSC. + +EXAMPLE 1: For the target Deployment Scenario, with only compressed speech over AoIP, the coding of these four bits for all supported Codec Types would be: + +| Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | +|---------|-----|--------|---------| +| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + +EXAMPLES 2 TO 5: For deployment scenarios, where the transcoders may reside either inside the BSS or in the Core Network and where the Codec Type may be supported for either TDM or IP or both, the coding of these four bits in the BSC-SCL can for example be one of the following configurations: + +| Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | +|---------|-----|--------|---------| +| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | +| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | + +The coding of BSC-SCL gives the flexibility to allow different location of Transcoder resources for different Codec Types, i.e. for one Codec Type the Transcoder may be located in the BSS and for another Codec Type the Transcoder can be located in core network (or is not needed at all). It is even possible to allocate for the same Codec Type for one call the Transcoder within the BSS and for another call within the CN. + +### 7.4.2 New Information Element: MSC-PCL + +A new Information Element "MSC-PCL" is defined to transfer the MSC preferred Codec List from the MSC to the BSC at call setup and in handover cases. This MSC-PCL is constructed as shown above and reprinted here for ease of reading in the order of decreasing speech quality: + +| # | Comments | Coding | | | | | | | | mandatory or optional | +|----|---------------|---------------------------------------|-------|--------|---------|--------------------|-------|------|------|-----------------------| +| 1 | IE-Identifier | "MSC-PCL" | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 2 | Length | "Length of IE after length byte" = 11 | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 3 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR_AMR-WB" = 1001 | | | | optional | +| 4 | Configuration | - | - | set5 | set4 | set3 | set2 | set1 | set0 | conditional | +| 5 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR_AMR" = 0011 | | | | optional | +| 6 | Configuration | set7 | set6 | set5 | set4 | set3 | set2 | set1 | set0 | conditional | +| 7 | Configuration | set15 | set14 | set13 | set12 | set11 | set10 | set9 | set8 | conditional | +| 8 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "EFR" = 0010 | | | | optional | +| 9 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "HR_AMR" = 0100 | | | | optional | +| 10 | Configuration | set7 | set6 | set5 | set4 | set3 | set2 | set1 | set0 | conditional | +| 11 | Configuration | set15 | set14 | set13 | set12 | set11 | set10 | set9 | set8 | conditional | +| 12 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "FR" = 0000 | | | | optional | +| 13 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "HR" = 0001 | | | | optional | + +The table shows a maximum-length example of an MSC-PCL. In a specific call case the sequence of Codecs and the number of Codecs may vary. It is allowed to flag more than one Interface Type for a given Codec Type. In case of AMR and AMR-WB it is also allowed to flag more than one Configuration (set). + +The MSC-PCL is ordered according to the MSC preference with the highest priority Codec being put at the top of the list. The MSC expects the BSC to choose the preferred Codec Type. It must at least contain one Codec Type with at least one Interface Type. The MSC informs the BSC by MSC-PCL, which Codec Types, Codec Configurations, Interface Types and Transcoder Resource Locations it supports in this very moment for this very call. + +For each Codec Type, there are four bits to indicate the Transcoder Resource location, the Interface Type and the optional support of TFO. These four bits are: + +#### Full IP + +'1' means: AoIP with compressed speech via RTP/UDP/IP is supported for this Codec Type. + +No Transcoder resource is necessary in BSS. + +If Full IP is selected, then the Codec Type on the radio interface is identical to the Codec Type on the A-interface + +'0' means: compressed speech via RTP/UDP/IP is not supported for this Codec Type. + +#### TFO + +'1' means: TFO supported for this Codec Type + +'0' means: TFO is not supported for this Codec Type + +TFO is only applicable, if at the same time the Interface Types PCMoIP and/or PCMoTDM are set to '1', too. + +#### PCMoIP + +'1' means: A Transcoder Resource for this (radio) Codec Type may be located in BSS. + PCM may be transmitted over the A interface with PCM/RTP/UDP/IP. + If this Interface Type is selected, then the Codec Type on the radio interface is different to the Codec Type on the A-Interface (PCM). + If TFO is supported, then the parameters of the radio Codec may be tunnelled through the PCM link on the A interface. + +'0' means: PCM over A interface with IP as transport is not supported for this Codec Type + +#### PCMoTDM + +'1' means: A Transcoder Resource for this (radio) Codec Type may be located in BSS. + PCM may be transmitted over A interface with TDM. + If this Interface Type is selected, then the Codec Type on the radio interface is different to the Codec Type on the A-Interface (PCM). + If TFO is supported, then the parameters of the radio Codec may be tunnelled through the PCM link on the A interface. + +'0' means: PCM over A interface with TDM as transport is not supported for this Codec Type. + +Full IP, PCMoIP and PCMoTDM can be simultaneously supported in the same MSC/MGW. + +If more than one Interface Type is flagged in the MSC-PCL, then the priority order is per definition: + Full IP > PCMoIP+TFO > PCMoTDM+TFO > PCMoIP > PCMoTDM. + +### 7.4.3 New Information Element: Speech Codec (Chosen) + +The existing Information Element "Speech Version (Chosen)" is not sufficient for AoIP, because neither Codec Configuration nor Interface Type nor Transcoder Location can be specified. It is therefore proposed to introduce a new Information Element "Speech Codec (chosen)". + +| # | Comments | Coding | | | | | | | | mandatory or optional | +|-----|----------------------|--------------------------------------------|------------|---------------|----------------|-----------------------|------------|------------|------------|-----------------------| +| 1 | IE-Identifier | "Speech Codec (chosen)" | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 2 | Length | "Length of IE after length byte" = 1, 2, 3 | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 3 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "Codec Chosen" | | | | mandatory | +| (4) | Configuration | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | conditional | +| (5) | Configuration | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | conditional | + +Speech Codec (Chosen) shall contain exactly one Codec Type with one Codec Configuration (conditional) with one Interface Type and the exact Transcoder Location. + +### 7.4.4 New Information Element: Speech Codec (Used) + +The existing Information Element "Speech Version (Used)" is not sufficient for AoIP, because neither Codec Configuration nor Interface Type nor Transcoder Location can be specified. It is therefore proposed to introduce a new Information Element "Speech Codec (Used)". + +| # | Comments | Coding | | | | | | | | mandatory or optional | +|-----|----------------------|--------------------------------------------|------------|---------------|----------------|-----------------------|------------|------------|------------|-----------------------| +| 1 | IE-Identifier | "Speech Codec (Used)" | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 2 | Length | "Length of IE after length byte" = 1, 2, 3 | | | | | | | | mandatory | +| 3 | Codec | Full IP | TFO | PCMoIP | PCMoTDM | "Codec Chosen" | | | | mandatory | +| (4) | Configuration | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | conditional | +| (5) | Configuration | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | set | conditional | + +Speech Codec (Used) shall contain exactly one Codec Type with one Codec Configuration (conditional) with one Interface Type and the exact Transcoder Location. + +NOTE: It is for further study if and where and when Speech Codec (Used) is necessary for AoIP. + +**Current Working Assumption is that Speech Codec (Used) is necessary, e.g. for Inter-MSC Handover.** + +# 8 Informative: Network Design Issues + +## 8.1 Solution 1 + +Void. + +## 8.2 Solution 2 + +Void. + +# 9 Expected impacts to existing specifications + +Void. + +# 10 Summary and Conclusion + +This Technical Report shows the feasibility for introducing the User Plane transport over IP for the A-interface (BSS – MGW interface) into 3GPP specifications. + +In particular it's possible to define a solution that, at the same time: + +- will benefit from the flexibility of the IP transport on the A-interface, +- will improve bandwidth efficiency through the use of 3GPP Codecs on the A-interface, +- will allow to reuse installed Transcoder equipment, +- will allow to remove Transcoders from the BSS, +- will enable TRanscoder Free Operation (TrFO) in the BSS, +- will maximize the likelihood for end-to-end TRanscoding Free Operation and therefore improve the service quality compared to existing TDM-based BSS. + +A detailed analysis has been performed for all requirements, except: + +- 7) All teleservices, bearer services, VGCS and supplementary services defined for GSM shall be supported on the BSC-MGW interface +Comment: Not studied in full detail, but no issues are expected. + +- 13) GSM/AMR Codec adaptation shall be possible, e.g. due to overloading of the BSC or radio conditions. The GSM/AMR Codec adaptation delay shall be in the same order as in the current A-interface solution. Comment: This requirement could be understood as "Codec Type" adaptation or as "AMR Codec Mode" adaptation. AMR Codec Mode adaptation is addressed under Requirement 18, see below. Codec Type adaptation has been studied in chapter 7. Several feasible solutions have been identified. +- 14) End-to-end speech delay shall not be increased. Congestion in the IP transport may introduce additional delay; however the end-to-end delay shall not exceed the ITU recommendation [G.114] Comment: Not studied in the present TR. This will be investigated further. It is, however, expected that the selected solution complies with this requirement. +- 15) It shall be possible to secure the BSC-MGW interface (see item e) below. Comment: Not studied in full detail, but the same method as for SIGTRAN should be applicable. +- Speech interruption times during handovers shall be in the same order as in the current TDM implementations Comment: Not studied in the present TR. This will be investigated further. It is, however, expected that the selected solution complies with this requirement. +- The interaction of dynamic AMR Codec change and TrFO shall not degrade the overall quality of the speech in the case of MS to MS calls. Comment: Not studied in full detail. No issues are expected because AMR Codec Mode adaptation for MS-to-MS calls in transcoding free operation is already specified in TS 45.009. + +From the items under "further investigation" two items have not been addressed in detail: + +- *e) Since IP transport is vulnerable to unauthorised intrusions, security aspects shall be investigated* Comment: Not studied in full detail, but the same method as for SIGTRAN should be applicable, see requirement 15. +- *Support for GAN* Comment: Not studied in detail, no issues expected. + +The investigated solution allows a smooth migration from the legacy, TDM-based A-interface to the new, IP-based A-interface. + +Working Assumptions were formulated to guide the specification phase. + +The investigated solution assumes support on the MSC-MGW- (Mc) and the MGW-MGW- (Nb) interfaces and therefore cooperation with CT and SA groups is required. + +A new Work Item for the specification work shall be defined to progress and finalize the work within REL-8. + +# Annex A (informative): Change history + +| Change history | | | | | | | | +|----------------|-------|-----------|------|-----|---------------------------------------------------|--------|--------| +| Date | TSG # | TSG Doc. | CR | Rev | Subject/Comment | Old | New | +| 02-2008 | 37 | GP-080414 | | | Presented to TSG GERAN#37 for approval | | 8.0.0 | +| 05-2008 | 38 | GP-080897 | 0001 | 3 | Chapter 6 Discussion on data and fax calls | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| 05-2008 | 38 | GP-080951 | 0002 | 2 | Corrections to MSC-S – MGW signalling | 8.0.0 | 8.1.0 | +| 08-2008 | 39 | GP-081372 | 0003 | | Working Assumption for CSD Services in AoIP | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| 08-2008 | 39 | GP-081401 | 0004 | 1 | Applying Data Redundancy for CSD Services in AoIP | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| 08-2008 | 39 | GP-081407 | 0005 | 1 | Working Assumption on PCM Packetization time | 8.1.0 | 8.2.0 | +| 11-2008 | 40 | GP-081528 | 0006 | | Corrections on CS Data and Fax Coding | 8.2.0 | 8.3.0 | +| 11-2008 | 40 | GP-081866 | 0007 | | AINTIP – Call Identifier | 8.2.0 | 8.3.0 | +| 12-2009 | 44 | | | | Version for Release 9 | 8.3.0 | 9.0.0 | +| 03-2011 | 49 | | | | Version for Release 10 | 9.0.0 | 10.0.0 | +| 09-2012 | 55 | | | | Version for Release 11 | 10.0.0 | 11.0.0 | \ No newline at end of file