---
language:
- en
license: apache-2.0
task_categories:
- text-generation
tags:
- rag
- retrieval-augmented-generation
---

# SPARK Training Data

This repository contains the training data for **SPARK**, presented in the paper [SPARK: Adaptive Parametric Knowledge Participation for Faithful Retrieval-Augmented Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.27786).

- **Repository:** https://github.com/OpenBMB/SPARK
- **Paper:** https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.27786

## Dataset Description

SPARK is a lightweight framework for resolving knowledge conflicts in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). With the backbone LLM frozen, its participation policy dynamically regulates layer-wise FFN contributions, determining when and to what extent parametric knowledge participates during generation.
This dataset contains the training data synthesized with [FlashRAG](https://github.com/RUC-NLPIR/FlashRAG) using [MRQA-Shared-Task-2019](https://github.com/mrqa/MRQA-Shared-Task-2019) to train the participation policy of SPARK.

## Citation

If you find this work useful, please cite our paper:

```bibtex
@misc{li2026sparkadaptiveparametricknowledge,
      title={SPARK: Adaptive Parametric Knowledge Participation for Faithful Retrieval-Augmented Generation}, 
      author={Ruochang Li and Pengcheng Huang and Zhenghao Liu and Yukun Yan and Huiyuan Xie and Yu Gu and Ge Yu and Maosong Sun},
      year={2026},
      eprint={2606.27786},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.27786}, 
}
```