#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """CASID 图块裁切脚本(参考 DOTA 数据集的大图滑窗裁切方式,面向语义分割)。 DOTA(arXiv:1711.10398)将大图按滑动窗口切成 1024×1024 图块(论文默认步距 512), DOTA_devkit 的 ImgSplit 工具把图块尺寸(subsize)与重叠(gap)做成参数,并支持多尺度 (先把原图按 rate 缩放,再用同样的窗口切)。本脚本沿用这套约定,并针对语义分割 做了适配:图像与标注逐像素同步裁切,标注按类别 id 处理(缩放一律用最近邻插值), 窗口越界部分用 0(background)填充或按边缘对齐截取。 默认参数与 CASID 论文实验完全一致:1024×1024、步距 994(重叠 30), 每张 5000×5000 原图恰好切出 5×5=25 块,无填充、无浪费。 依赖:Python >= 3.7,Pillow,numpy 用法示例: # 论文同款(默认,25 块/张) python casid_split.py --root CASID/ --out TILES_1024/ # DOTA 论文设置:重叠 512,边缘补零 python casid_split.py --root CASID/ --out TILES_DOTA/ --gap 512 --pad # mmrotate 社区常用:重叠 200 python casid_split.py --root CASID/ --out TILES_gap200/ --gap 200 --pad # 多尺度(DOTA 多尺度惯例 0.5/1.0/1.5) python casid_split.py --root CASID/ --out TILES_MS/ --rates 0.5 1.0 1.5 # 只切训练集 / 指定区域 python casid_split.py --root CASID/ --out TILES/ --split train python casid_split.py --root CASID/ --out TILES/ --regions 20,21 输入目录结构(即 Hugging Face 上 CASID 仓库的结构): CASID/ images/{zone}/{region_dir}/*_img.tif labels/{zone}/{region_dir}/*_gt.png splits/train.txt, test.txt # 每行一个样本 stem(相对路径不含扩展名) regions.csv 输出: out/images/{zone}/{region_dir}/{stem}_H{y}_W{x}.png out/labels/{zone}/{region_dir}/{stem}_H{y}_W{x}_gt.png 多尺度时外层多一级 out/rate{r}/... """ import argparse import csv import os import sys from multiprocessing import Pool import numpy as np from PIL import Image # 5 类地物 + 调色板(与数据集 colormap.json 一致;沿用原始标注配色:黄=建筑、红=道路) CLASS_NAMES = ["background", "building", "forest", "road", "water"] PALETTE_RGB = { 0: (0, 0, 0), 1: (255, 255, 0), 2: (85, 255, 0), 3: (255, 0, 0), 4: (0, 112, 255), } N_CLASSES = 5 PAL_SIZE = 16 def build_palette(): pal = [] for i in range(PAL_SIZE): pal.extend(PALETTE_RGB.get(i, (i, i, i))) return pal PALETTE = build_palette() def tile_starts(size, subsize, stride, pad): """一个轴上的窗口起点序列。 pad=False:固定步距网格(与 CASID 原始图块一致,所有图像共用同一网格; 上一窗未到达边缘才继续开窗,末窗越界时按图像边缘裁齐——如 4656 高的图 网格仍为 {0,994,1988,2982,3976},末行高度裁到 680)。 pad=True:DOTA 风格,按 stride 铺满、末窗越界补零。 """ if size <= subsize: return [0] if pad: return list(range(0, size, stride)) starts = [0] while starts[-1] + subsize < size: starts.append(starts[-1] + stride) return starts def load_pairs(root, args): """返回 [(img_path, lbl_path, stem, zone, region_dir), ...]""" pairs = [] zones = args.zones.split(",") if args.zones else None regions = set(args.regions.split(",")) if args.regions else None allow = None if args.split and args.split != "all": sf = os.path.join(root, "splits", "%s.txt" % args.split) with open(sf, encoding="utf-8") as f: allow = set(l.strip() for l in f if l.strip()) with open(os.path.join(root, "regions.csv"), encoding="utf-8") as f: for row in csv.DictReader(f): if zones and row["zone_en"] not in zones: continue if regions and row["region_id"] not in regions: continue zone, rdir = row["zone_en"], row["region_dir"] idir = os.path.join(root, "images", zone, rdir) ldir = os.path.join(root, "labels", zone, rdir) if not os.path.isdir(idir): print("WARNING: 找不到 %s,跳过区域 %s(本地未下载该区?)" % (idir, rdir)) continue for fn in sorted(os.listdir(idir)): if not fn.endswith(args.img_ext): continue stem = fn[: -len(args.img_ext)] if stem.endswith("_img"): # 发布版图像名为 {stem}_img.tif stem = stem[: -len("_img")] ipath = os.path.join(idir, fn) lpath = os.path.join(ldir, stem + args.lbl_suf + ".png") if not os.path.isfile(lpath): raise FileNotFoundError("label missing for %s" % ipath) if allow is not None: rel = "%s/%s/%s" % (zone, rdir, stem) if rel not in allow: continue pairs.append((ipath, lpath, stem, zone, rdir)) return pairs def cut_one(task): ipath, lpath, stem, zone, rdir, out_root, subsize, stride, pad, rate = task img = Image.open(ipath); img.load() lbl = Image.open(lpath); lbl.load() # 标签统一到"像素值=类别id"的 uint8 数组域,避免调色板/插值重映射 la = np.array(lbl) if la.ndim == 3: la = la[:, :, 0] la = la.astype(np.uint8, copy=False) if rate != 1.0: w, h = img.size nw, nh = round(w * rate), round(h * rate) img = img.resize((nw, nh), Image.BILINEAR) la_img = Image.fromarray(la, "L").resize((nw, nh), Image.NEAREST) la = np.array(la_img) W, H = img.size assert la.shape == (H, W), "label/image size mismatch: %s" % ipath ia = np.asarray(img) xs = tile_starts(W, subsize, stride, pad) ys = tile_starts(H, subsize, stride, pad) od_i = os.path.join(out_root, "images", zone, rdir) od_l = os.path.join(out_root, "labels", zone, rdir) n = 0 for y in ys: for x in xs: if pad: ch = min(subsize, H - y); cw = min(subsize, W - x) iarr = np.zeros((subsize, subsize, 3), dtype=np.uint8) iarr[:ch, :cw] = ia[y:y + ch, x:x + cw] larr = np.zeros((subsize, subsize), dtype=np.uint8) larr[:ch, :cw] = la[y:y + ch, x:x + cw] else: iarr = np.ascontiguousarray(ia[y:y + subsize, x:x + subsize]) larr = np.ascontiguousarray(la[y:y + subsize, x:x + subsize]) itile = Image.fromarray(iarr) ltile = Image.fromarray(larr) ltile.putpalette(PALETTE) os.makedirs(od_i, exist_ok=True) os.makedirs(od_l, exist_ok=True) base = "%s_H%d_W%d" % (stem, y, x) itile.save(os.path.join(od_i, base + ".png")) ltile.save(os.path.join(od_l, base + "_gt.png")) n += 1 return (stem, n) def main(): ap = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__, formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter) ap.add_argument("--root", required=True, help="CASID 数据集根目录") ap.add_argument("--out", required=True, help="输出根目录") ap.add_argument("--subsize", type=int, default=1024, help="图块边长(默认 1024)") ap.add_argument("--stride", type=int, default=994, help="滑动步距(默认 994,即重叠 30,论文同款)") ap.add_argument("--gap", type=int, default=None, help="DOTA 习惯:用重叠量代替步距,stride = subsize - gap(如 --gap 512 为 DOTA 论文设置)") ap.add_argument("--pad", action="store_true", help="越界补零(DOTA 风格);默认关闭:末窗锚定图像边缘,不补零") ap.add_argument("--rates", type=float, nargs="+", default=[1.0], help="多尺度缩放系数(DOTA 惯例 0.5 1.0 1.5)") ap.add_argument("--split", default="all", choices=["train", "test", "all"]) ap.add_argument("--zones", default=None, help="逗号分隔的气候带英文名过滤") ap.add_argument("--regions", default=None, help="逗号分隔的区域编号过滤,如 20,21") ap.add_argument("--img-ext", default=".tif") ap.add_argument("--lbl-suf", default="_gt") ap.add_argument("--workers", type=int, default=8) args = ap.parse_args() if args.gap is not None: args.stride = args.subsize - args.gap if args.stride <= 0: sys.exit("--gap 必须小于 --subsize") if args.stride > args.subsize: sys.exit("--stride 不能大于 --subsize(会产生漏切空隙)") pairs = load_pairs(args.root, args) print("待处理样本:%d" % len(pairs)) for rate in args.rates: if rate <= 0: sys.exit("--rates 必须为正数") out_root = args.out if len(args.rates) == 1 else os.path.join(args.out, "rate%s" % rate) tasks = [(ip, lp, st, z, r, out_root, args.subsize, args.stride, args.pad, rate) for ip, lp, st, z, r in pairs] total = 0 with Pool(args.workers) as pool: for stem, n in pool.imap_unordered(cut_one, tasks): total += n print("rate=%s:完成 %d 样本,共 %d 图块 → %s" % (rate, len(tasks), total, out_root)) if __name__ == "__main__": main()