id string | question string | answer string | documents list |
|---|---|---|---|
train_12400 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Broadband—whether delivered via fiber, cable modem, copper wire, satellite, or mobile wireless—is increasingly the technology underlying telecommunications services such as voice, video, and data. Since the initial deployment of high-speed internet in the late 1990s, broadband technologies have been deployed throughout... | [
"Broadband—whether delivered via fiber, cable modem, copper wire, satellite, or mobile wireless—is increasingly the technology underlying telecommunications services such as voice, video, and data. Since the initial deployment of high-speed internet in the late 1990s, broadband technologies have been deployed throu... |
train_12401 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Natural gas consumption in the United States is expected to increase substantially over the coming decades primarily because of its usefulness in generating relatively clean electricity. Domestic supplies are projected to be unable to meet increasing demand because existing fields are yielding less production and new d... | [
"This report analyzes the potential for liquefied natural gas (LNG) to become a flexible, dependable, source of natural gas supply for the U.S. market, while also setting a cap on natural gas prices. The potential for increasing U.S. LNG use is usually framed in terms of expanding the capacity of existing receiving... |
train_12402 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Marine Corps characterizes itself as a crisis response expeditionary force which is task organized and able to conduct operations across the entire spectrum of military operations. The Corps is a "middleweight force" that is designed to fill the void in our Nation's defense structure between light Special Operation... | [
"The Administration's proposal to reduce the size of the Marine Corps has national security implications that Congress may consider as part of its oversight and authorizations and appropriations roles. In terms of size of the force, Congress sets the endstrength for both the active Marine Corps and the Marine Corps... |
train_12403 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Central African Republic (CAR) is emerging from a crisis that began when rebels overthrew the national government in 2013, ushering in a chaotic and violent period. A new president, Faustin Archange Touadéra, was elected in 2016, but gains remain fragile. Militias that have targeted civilians on the basis of religi... | [
"The Central African Republic (CAR) has struggled to emerge from conflict and state collapse since 2013, when a rebel movement known as the Seleka seized control of the government. Seleka was led by Muslim combatants with ties to CAR's northeastern border region. \"Anti-balaka\" (\"anti- machete\" or \"anti-bullet\... |
train_12404 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has embarked on a program to build civilian nuclear power plants and is seeking cooperation and technical assistance from the United States and others. The 111th Congress approved a U.S.-UAE bilateral agreement on peaceful nuclear cooperation pursuant to Section 123 of the Atomic Energy A... | [
"The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a federation of seven emirates (principalities): Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Fujayrah, Umm Al Qawayn, and Ras Al Khaymah. National authority rests in the hands of a Federal Supreme Council, which is composed of the hereditary rulers of the country's constituent emirates and ... |
train_12405 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On September 29, 1999, the President signed a $2.457 billion FY2000 legislative branch appropriations bill into P.L. 106-57 (113 Stat. 408). This represented a reduction of 4.8%, or $124.1million, from the FY1999 budget of $2.581 billion. The House bill, H.R. 1905, contained $1.862 billion, excluding funds for Senate a... | [
"On September 29, 1999, the President signed a $2.457 billion FY2000 legislative branchappropriations bill into Public Law 106-57 (113 Stat. 408). This represented a reduction of 4.8%,or $124.1 million, from the FY1999 budget of $2.581 billion. Conferees approved H.R. 1905 onAugust 4, 1999, and both houses agreed t... |
train_12406 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA) provides one-time benefit payments to persons who may have developed cancer or other specified diseases after being exposed to radiation from atomic weapons testing or uranium mining, milling, or transporting. Administered by the Department of Justice (DOJ), RECA has award... | [
"The Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA) was enacted in 1990 and provides one-time cash benefits to certain persons who participated in atomic weapons testing or lived near the Nevada Test Site during periods of atmospheric (above-ground) atomic weapons testing. Benefits under RECA are also available to cert... |
train_12407 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since the beginning of Operation Iraqi Freedom in March 2003, there has been and continues to be considerable congressional interest in further streamlining and expediting the naturalization process for military personnel and in providing immigration benefits specifically for immediate relatives of such personnel. The ... | [
"Since the beginning of Operation Iraqi Freedom in March 2003, there has been considerable interest in legislation to expand the citizenship benefits of aliens serving in the military. The reported deaths in action of noncitizen soldiers drew attention to provisions of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) that... |
train_12408 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides a current summary of ballistic and cruise missile activity in selectedcountries and discusses implications for U.S. national security policy. The Defense ThreatReduction Agency's Weapons of Mass Destruction Terms of Reference Handbook defines a ballisticmissile as "a missile that is guided during p... | [
"Foreign ballistic and cruise missiles pose a potential threat to the national security interestsof the United States. While weapons of mass destruction (WMD) can be delivered by a variety ofmeans including aircraft, artillery, and asymmetric means, it is missile-delivered WMDs that garnerthe most domestic and inte... |
train_12409 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | "Public housing" is often used as a generic term to refer to all publicly assisted housing, but the term "public housing" actually refers to a specific federal program. Created in 1937, the low-rent public housing program was the first major federal rental housing assistance program. The program initially subsidized th... | [
"Housing is primarily a private market enterprise in the United States. Most housing in this country is privately built and owned and most regulation of that process is done at the state and local level. However, the federal government has played a role for many years in assisting in the provision of safe, decent, ... |
train_12410 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that the federal budget deficit for FY2009 was $1,414 billion, triple the $459 billion deficit recorded in FY2008. The CBO expects the deficit for FY2010 to be $1,349 billion. The estimate for 2010 is based on current law. The budget deficit in FY2009 was, in dollar terms... | [
"The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that the federal budget deficit for FY2009 was $1,414 billion, triple the $459 billion deficit recorded in FY2008. CBO expects the deficit for FY2010 to be $1,349 billion. CBO estimates that, in FY2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) resulted in ad... |
train_12411 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Medicaid is a means-tested entitlement program that finances the delivery of primary and acute medical services, as well as long-term services and supports. Medicaid is a federal and state partnership that is jointly financed by the federal government and the states. States must follow broad federal rules to receive fe... | [
"A ll states make supplemental payments, which are Medicaid payments to providers that are separate from and in addition to Medicaid payments for services. These payments are made to many different Medicaid providers, including hospitals, nursing facilities, physicians, and mental health facilities. Disproportionat... |
train_12412 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The kingdom of Saudi Arabia, ruled by the Al Saud family since its founding in 1932, wields significant global influence through its administration of the birthplace of the Islamic faith and by virtue of its large oil reserves. Close U.S.-Saudi official relations have survived a series of challenges since the 1940s. In... | [
"The kingdom of Saudi Arabia's relations with the United States, its stability, and its future trajectory are subjects of continuing congressional interest. In particular, Saudi leadership transitions, trends in global oil prices, Saudi budget pressures and reform plans, aggressive transnational terrorist threats, ... |
train_12413 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In February 2008, President Bush proposed total research and development (R&D) funding of $147.0 billion in his FY2009 budget request to Congress, a $3.9 billion (2.7%) increase over the estimated FY2008 level of $143.1 billion. President Bush's request included $29.3 billion for basic research, up $847 million (3.0%) ... | [
"The 111 th Congress continues to take a strong interest in the health of the U.S. research and development (R&D) enterprise and in providing sustained support for federal R&D activities. The United States government supports a broad range of scientific and engineering research and development. Its purposes include... |
train_12414 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Affirmative action remains a subject of public debate as the result of legal and political developments at the federal, state, and local levels. Over the years, federal courts have reviewed minority admissions programs to state universities; scrutinized the constitutional status of racial diversity policies in public e... | [
"The origins of affirmative action law may be traced to the early 1960s as first the Warren, and then the Burger, Court grappled with the seemingly intractable problem of racial segregation in the nation's public schools. Judicial rulings from this period recognized an affirmative duty, cast upon local school board... |
train_12415 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Senate procedure permits most matters to be decided by a simple majority of Senators voting (with a quorum present). Yet Senate procedure generally lacks means for a simple majority to limit consideration and proceed to a vote. As a result, Senate minorities can attempt to block proposals by preventing a vote from occu... | [
"In recent years, final Senate action on several presidential nominations for federal judgeships has been impeded by filibusters or threatened filibusters. In response, some leading Senators have called for the Senate to change its procedures to prevent filibusters, or make them harder to sustain, at least on this ... |
train_12416 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal law requires the President to submit an annual budget request to Congress no later than the first Monday in February. The budget informs Congress of the President's overall federal fiscal policy based on proposed spending levels, revenues, and deficit (or surplus) levels. The budget request lays out the Preside... | [
"Federal law requires the President to submit an annual budget request to Congress no later than the first Monday in February. The budget informs Congress of the President's overall federal fiscal policy based on proposed spending levels, revenues, and deficit (or surplus) levels. The budget request lays out the Pr... |
train_12417 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal employees participate in one of two retirement systems. The Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS) was established in 1920 and covers only employees hired before 1984. Participants in the CSRS do not pay Social Security payroll taxes and they do not earn Social Security benefits. For a worker retiring after 30 ... | [
"Federal employees participate in one of two retirement systems. The Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS) was established in 1920 and covers only employees hired before 1984. Participants in the CSRS do not pay Social Security payroll taxes and they do not earn Social Security benefits. For a worker retiring afte... |
train_12418 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In response to the rising number of home mortgage foreclosures the 110th Congress passed the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (HERA), P.L. 110-289. Title III (Emergency Assistance for the Redevelopment of Abandoned and Foreclosed Homes) of HERA authorized the creation of the Neighborhood Stabilization Program ... | [
"The increasing number of mortgage foreclosures poses a financial threat to local housing markets, financial institutions, homeowners, and state and local governments. The impact of the foreclosure crisis on financial institutions and homeowners has been well documented, and has been the focus of congressional deba... |
train_12419 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress, the Administration, and the courts are considering many issues related to the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) public lands and the Forest Service (FS) national forests. Key issues include the following. Energy Resources. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-58) led to new regulations on federal land leasin... | [
"The various uses and management of federal lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service raise a variety of issues for Congress. Actions discussed in this report include legislation, administrative or regulatory proposals, and litigation and judicial decisions. Issue areas include onsh... |
train_12420 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congressional interest in a major reform of the individual income tax that would broaden the base and use the additional tax revenues to lower rates and/or reduce the deficit has increased. The President's Fiscal Commission, for example, proposed an individual income tax reform with three objectives: to broaden the bas... | [
"Interest in a major reform of the individual income tax that would broaden the base and use the additional tax revenues to lower rates and/or reduce the deficit has increased. The President's Fiscal Commission, for example, proposed an individual income tax reform with three objectives: to broaden the base and low... |
train_12421 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal white-collar employees are intended by law to receive an annual pay adjustment and a locality-based comparability payment, effective in January of each year, under Section 529 of P.L. 101-509, the Federal Employees Pay Comparability Act (FEPCA) of 1990. The law has never been implemented as originally enacted; ... | [
"Federal white-collar employees paid under the General Schedule (GS), Foreign Service Schedule, and certain Veterans Health Administration Schedules are intended by law to receive an annual pay adjustment and a locality-based comparability payment, effective in January of each year, under Section 529 of P.L. 101-50... |
train_12422 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In June of 2008, the U.S. Supreme Court issued a decision that has important implications for the authority of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to review wholesale electricity and natural gas contracts under what is known as the "Mobile-Sierra Doctrine." The Doctrine mandates that FERC will not abrogate ... | [
"In June of 2008, the Supreme Court issued its decision in Morgan Stanley Capital Group, Inc. v. Public Utility District No. 1 of Snohomish County . In this decision, the Court evaluated the authority of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to amend wholesale electricity agreements pursuant to the Mobile... |
train_12423 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The federal Fair Housing Act, enacted in 1968 as Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act (P.L. 90-284), prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, or financing of housing based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex, familial status, and handicap. The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), through its... | [
"The Fair Housing Act was enacted as Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (P.L. 90-284). As initially enacted, the Fair Housing Act prohibited discrimination in the sale, rental, or financing of housing based on race, color, religion, and national origin. In 1974, Congress added sex as a protected category (t... |
train_12424 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States and the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR) cooperate in important areas despite ideological differences and U.S. concerns about alleged human rights abuses against the ethnic Hmong minority. The U.S. government has gradually upgraded its relations with the communist state, which has strong ties t... | [
"The United States and the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR), a small, largely agrarian Southeast Asian country ruled by a communist government, cooperate in many areas despite ideological differences and U.S. concerns about the ethnic Hmong minority. The slow warming of bilateral relations reflect efforts by... |
train_12425 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Historically, the way in which convicted offenders are sentenced falls under one of two penal policies—indeterminate and determinate sentences. Indeterminate sentencing practices were predominant for several decades, leading up to the major reform efforts undertaken by many states and the federal government in the mid-... | [
"On January 12, 2005, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment right to a trial by jury requires that federal sentencing guidelines be advisory, rather than mandatory. In doing so, the Court struck down a provision in law that made the federal sentencing guidelines mandatory as well as a provision that... |
train_12426 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The release of the 2000 Census data for the apportionment of the House of Representatives among the states and the release of the state redistricting data to the states as required by P.L. 94-171 has renewed the decennial debate over several issues. First, the debate over the use of sampling to adjust the decennial pop... | [
"The release of the 2000 Census data for the apportionment of the House of Representatives among the states and the release of the state redistricting data to the states as required by P.L. 94-171 has renewed the decennial debate over several census-related issues. First, the perennial statistical adjustment issue,... |
train_12427 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Over the last six years, net oil imports have fallen by 33% to average 8.4 million barrels per day (Mb/d) in 2011. This represents 45% of domestic consumption, down from 60% in 2005. Oil is a critical resource for the U.S. economy, but despite policy makers' long-standing concern, U.S. oil imports had generally increas... | [
"Oil is a critical resource for the U.S. economy. It meets nearly 40% of total U.S. energy needs, including 94% of the energy used in transportation and 40% of the energy used by the industrial sector. Unlike other forms of energy such as coal and natural gas, which are largely supplied from domestic sources, net i... |
train_12428 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Brazil is a major world producer and exporter of agricultural products. In 2004, Brazil exported $30.9 billion worth of agricultural and food products, making it the world's third-largest exporter of agricultural products after the United States and the European Union. Brazil's major agricultural exports include soybea... | [
"Global agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) totaled $1.65 trillion in 2004, about 4% of global total GDP. Brazil's agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) was $60.4 billion in 2004, 10% of its total GDP. In the United States, agricultural GDP equaled $117.1 billion in 2004, 1% of its total GDP. Global agric... |
train_12429 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The 2007-2009 recession was long and deep, and according to several indicators was the most severe economic contraction since the 1930s (but still much less severe than the Great Depression). The slowdown of economic activity was moderate through the first half of 2008, but at that point the weakening economy was overt... | [
"The 2008-2009 recession was long and deep, and according to several indicators was the most severe economic contraction since the 1930s (but still much less severe than the Great Depression). The slowdown of economic activity was moderate through the first half of 2008, but at that point the weakening economy was ... |
train_12430 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed into law a comprehensive health care reform bill, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148). Among its provisions, the ACA reenacts, amends, and permanently reauthorizes the Indian Health Care Improvement Act (IHCIA). IHCIA authorizes many specific Indi... | [
"On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed into law a comprehensive health care reform bill, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148 ). Among its provisions, the ACA creates a mandate for most U.S. residents to obtain health insurance and provides for the establishment of insurance exchang... |
train_12431 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Sales of locally produced foods comprise a small but growing part of U.S. agricultural sales. Estimates vary but indicate that local food sales total between $4 billion to $12 billion annually. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) estimates that local food sales totaled $6.1 billion in 2012, reflecting sales from ... | [
"S ales of locally produced foods comprise a small but growing part of U.S. agricultural sales. Estimates vary but they indicate that local food sales total between $4 billion and $12 billion annually. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) estimates that local food sales totaled $6.1 billion in 2012, reflecting... |
train_12432 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On December 18, 2001, the President Bush signed the FY2002 Department of Transportation (DOT) and Related Agencies conference agreement ( H.Rept. 107-308 ), appropriating a total of$59.588 billion for DOT, a 2.5% increase over the FY2001 enacted level. The enacted bill provides$507 million more than the House-passed ve... | [
"On December 18, 2001, President Bush signed the FY2002 Department of Transportation andRelated Agencies conference agreement ( H.Rept. 107-308 ; P.L. 107-87 ) appropriating a total of$59.588 billion (a 2.5% increase above the FY2001 enacted level). The enacted bill provides $507million more than in the House bill ... |
train_12433 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Accounting and auditing standards in the United States are promulgated and regulated by various federal, state, and self-regulatory organizations (SROs). Accounting and auditing standards are also influenced by practitioners from businesses, nonprofits, and government entities. Congress has allowed financial accounting... | [
"Accounting is commonly considered the language of finance. A common set of principles and rules help establish accounting standards. Accountants who audit financial statements (auditors ) also adhere to a common set of audit principles and rules to examine financial statements. In the United States, accounting and... |
train_12434 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | From the Washington Administration to the present, Congress and the President have enacted 11 separate formal declarations of war against foreign nations in five different wars. Each declaration has been preceded by a presidential request either in writing or in person before a joint session of Congress. The reasons ci... | [
"Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution vests in Congress the power \"to declare War.\" Pursuant to that power, Congress has enacted 11 declarations of war during the course of American history relating to five different wars, the most recent being those that were adopted during World War II. In addition, Congre... |
train_12435 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Justice Stevens has authored a number of significant opinions expounding upon the constitutional right to freedom of speech. Among them are significant cases related to indecency and the rights of broadcasters ("Seven Dirty Words Case"), commercial speech, symbolic speech, and the freedom of association. This report wi... | [
"Justice Stevens has authored a number of important majority opinions and dissents expounding upon the limits of the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment. Justice Stevens is not a free speech absolutist. His opinions have been guided by an apparent desire to allow the government to impose reasonable restrictio... |
train_12436 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Virtually every federal criminal statute has a hidden feature; primary offenders and even their most casual accomplices face equal punishment. This results from 18 U.S.C. 2, which visits the same consequences on anyone who orders or assists in the commission of a federal crime. Aiding and abetting means assisting in th... | [
"Virtually every federal crime comes with a hidden feature. Helpers and hands-on offenders face the same punishment. The result is the work of 18 U.S.C. 2, which visits the same consequences on anyone who orders the commission of a federal crime. This secondary liability is much like that which accompanies conspira... |
train_12437 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congressional apportionment is the process of determining the number of Representatives to which each state is entitled in the U.S. House of Representatives based on the decennial census of population. Congressional redistricting, often confused with apportionment, is the process of revising the geographic boundaries o... | [
"How seats in the U.S. House of Representatives are apportioned among the states is determined, in part, by the U.S. Constitution and, in part, by federal legislation and legal determinations by the courts. The U.S. Constitution determines the maximum and minimum size of the House of Representatives as well as the ... |
train_12438 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Current federal election law contains reporting and disclosure requirements related tocampaign financing. (1) TheSupreme Court has generally upheld such provisions, although imposing disclosure requirements on spending forcommunications that do not meet the strictstandard of "express advocacy" may be held unconstitutio... | [
"Campaign Finance Reform: Constitutional Issues Raised by Disclosure Requirements RS20849 -- Campaign Finance Reform: Constitutional Issues Raised by Disclosure Requirements Updated March 20, 2001 In its landmark decision, Buckley v. Valeo, (2) the Supreme Court upheld the reporting and disclosure requirements of t... |
train_12439 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | While public-private partnerships (PPPs) have long been used to manage real property, congressional interest in PPPs has recently increased due to the large number of underutilized and excess buildings owned by federal agencies, as well as sequestration and other spending constraints. There is no single, accepted defin... | [
"While public-private partnerships (PPPs) have long been used to manage real property, congressional interest in PPPs has recently increased due to the large number of underutilized and excess buildings owned by federal agencies, as well as sequestration and other spending constraints. According to a report on fede... |
train_12440 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Personal data security breaches are being reported with increasing regularity. Within the past few years, numerous examples of data such as Social Security, bank account, credit card, and driver's license numbers, as well as medical and student records have been compromised. A major reason for the increased awareness o... | [
"Personal data security breaches are being reported with increasing regularity. During the past few years, there have been numerous examples of hackers breaking into corporate, government, academic, and personal computers and compromising computer systems or stealing personal data such as Social Security, bank acco... |
train_12441 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Indonesia's economy continues to struggle against the lasting effects of the 1997-1998Asian financial crisis and thepolitical instability that resulted. Indonesia was one of the hardest hit economies in Asia; real GDP fell by 13.2 %in 1998. Indonesian-U.S. commercial tieswere sharply diminished as well, caused in part ... | [
"RS21753 -- Indonesia-U.S. Economic Relations March 2, 2004 Indonesia, like many East Asian economies, suffered a severe economic shock when the \"Asian Financial Crisis\" struck the country in mid-1997. Prior to thisperiod, Indonesia had enjoyed relatively healthy economic growth: from 1980-1989, real GDP growth a... |
train_12442 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Constitution of the United States of America imbues the President with broad authority to grant pardons and reprieves for offenses against the United States. This report provides an overview of the scope of the President's pardoning power, the legal effects of a pardon, and the procedures that have traditionally be... | [
"The President's authority to issue pardons is delineated in Article II, Section 2, Clause 1 of the Constitution, which states: \"The President shall ... have power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.\" This express language itself implies the inher... |
train_12443 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) was the nation's first mandatory cap-and-trade program for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. RGGI involves nine states—Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The RGGI cap-and-trade system applies only to carb... | [
"A number of states and local governments have taken actions to address greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. These efforts cover a wide spectrum, from developing climate action plans to setting mandatory GHG emission standards. For example, California is implementing regulations that address GHG emissions on multiple fr... |
train_12444 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | During the 2005-2006 Term, the Supreme Court gave favorable decisions to the defendants in three out of the six death penalty cases it announced. In Hill v. McDonough, the Court ruled unanimously that the method-of-lethal injection claims can be brought under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 rather than under the habeas corpus statute... | [
"The six capital punishment decisions which were decided during the 2005-2006 Term involved issues concerning: (1) a challenge to the lethal injection protocol as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the 8 th Amendment ( Hill v. McDonough) , (2) constitutionality of a death penalty state statute that requir... |
train_12445 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Bush Administration requested $132.4 billion in federal research and development(R&D) funding for FY2006. This sum represents a $400 million increase over the FY2005 estimatedfunding level of $132 billion. CRS estimates that Congress has approved a record $135.7 billion forfederal R&D in FY2006, a 2.8% increase ove... | [
"The Bush Administration requested $132.4 billion in federal research and development(R&D) funding for FY2006. This sum represents a $400 million increase over the FY2005 estimatedfunding level of $132 billion. CRS estimates that Congress has approved a record $135.7 billion forfederal R&D in FY2006, a 2.8% increas... |
train_12446 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | When a seat becomes vacant on a federal court of appeals (the "circuit courts"), the President has the opportunity to nominate a new judge for the Senate's consideration. Geography is often a factor in the decision, particularly whether the new judge will be nominated from the same state as the predecessor. One scholar... | [
"The federal courts of appeals, often called \"circuit courts,\" remain the last avenue of appeal for all but the handful of cases heard by the Supreme Court of the United States. Eleven regional circuits cover the 50 states and U.S. territories. Each circuit court includes at least three states, and is currently a... |
train_12447 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The annual Foreign Operations appropriations bill in the House, and the State, Foreign Operations measure in the Senate are the primary legislative vehicles through which Congress reviews the U.S. international affairs budgets and influences executive branch foreign policy making generally. They contain the largest sha... | [
"On December 30, 2005, President Bush signed the Department of Defense Appropriation for FY2006 ( P.L. 109-148 ), legislation that affects Foreign Operations spending in three ways. The Defense appropriation includes $3.8 billion for addressing the avian influenza virus, of which $131.5 million is available to USAI... |
train_12448 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On May 8, 2018, President Donald Trump signed National Security Presidential Memorandum 11, "ceasing U.S. participation in the JCPOA [Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action] and taking additional action to counter Iran's malign influence and deny Iran all paths to a nuclear weapon." The action sets in motion a reestablishm... | [
"On May 8, 2018, President Donald Trump announced that the United States was ending its participation in the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). The JCPOA is an agreement signed on July 14, 2015, by the United States, Russia, China, France, Britain (all permanent members of the U.N. Security Council), Germa... |
train_12449 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990 (Title II, P.L. 101-647 ) authorized three programs: Children's Advocacy Centers, the Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) program, andTraining for Judicial Practitioners and Personnel. Funding authorization for each of these programsexpired with FY2005. In mid-December 2005, ... | [
"Funding authorization for the Victims of Child Abuse Act programs expired with FY2005. Congress nonetheless provided FY2006 funding for these programs in the conference report to H.R. 2862 ( H.Rept. 109-272 ), which was signed by the President on November 22,2005 ( P.L. 109-108 ). That law provided for a 0.28% red... |
train_12450 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is the federal agency charged with administering a number of programs designed to promote the availability of safe, decent, and affordable housing and community development. The agency submits a budget as a part of the President's formal budget request each year, an... | [
"Most of the funding for the activities of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) comes from discretionary appropriations provided each year in the annual appropriations acts enacted by Congress. HUD's programs are primarily designed to address housing problems faced by households with very low incom... |
train_12451 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The U.S.-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement (PTPA) follows current U.S. free trade agreement (FTA) practice in containing two types of formal dispute settlement: (1) State-State, applicable to disputes between PTPA Parties, and (2) investor-State, applicable to claims by an investor of one State Party against other State P... | [
"The U.S.-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement (PTPA) follows current U.S. free trade agreement (FTA) practice in containing two types of formal dispute settlement: (1) State-State, applicable to disputes between the Parties to the PTPA, and (2) investor-State, applicable to claims by an investor of one Party against the... |
train_12452 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Haiti shares the island of Hispaniola with the Dominican Republic; Haiti occupies the western third of the island. Since the fall of the Duvalier dictatorship in 1986, Haiti has struggled to overcome its centuries-long legacy of authoritarianism, extreme poverty, and underdevelopment. Although significant progress has ... | [
"Haiti was without an elected president from February 2016 until February 2017. After the Haitian government failed to complete a cycle of elections, including a second round of presidential voting at the end of 2015, former President Michel Martelly ended his term without an elected successor. The legislature name... |
train_12453 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are chartered by Congress as government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) to provide liquidity in the mortgage market and to promote homeownership for underserved groups and locations. They purchase mortgages, guarantee them, and package them in mortgage-backed securities (MBSs), which they either... | [
"Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are stockholder-owned, government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs), which purchase existing mortgages, guarantee investors that the mortgages will be paid on time, pool the mortgages into mortgage-backed securities (MBSs), and either keep the MBSs as an investment or sell the MBSs to investo... |
train_12454 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Social Security and Medicare assist in providing financial security to most elderly and disabled individuals in the United States. Certain interactions between Social Security and Medicare may have important financial implications for individuals who are enrolled in both programs. Social Security provides monthly cash ... | [
"Social Security and Medicare assist in providing financial security to most elderly and disabled individuals in the United States. In 2017, 61.9 million individuals received Social Security benefits, of which 69% were retired workers aged 62 or older and 14% were disabled workers aged 61 or younger. In 2017, nearl... |
train_12455 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Bangladesh (the former East Pakistan) gained its independence in 1971, following India's intervention in a rebellion against West Pakistan (currently called Pakistan). The Bangladesh National Party (BNP), which led the ruling coalition of the previous government, and the leading opposition party, the Awami League (AL),... | [
"Since January 2007, Bangladesh has been ruled under a state of emergency by a military-backed caretaker government led by \"Chief Adviser\" Fakhruddin Ahmed. This interim administration assumed control of the government and postponed elections that had been scheduled for January 2007 at a time when many feared tha... |
train_12456 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The congressionally mandated Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR) directs DoD toundertake a wide-ranging review of strategy, programs,and resources. Specifically, the QDR is expected to delineate a national defense strategy consistent with the mostrecent National Security Strategy by defining force structure,modernization ... | [
"RS20771 -- Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR): Background, Process, and Issues Updated June 21, 2001 The Quadrennial Defense Review for 2001 is a congressionally mandated review of national defense strategy. The Secretary of Defense is required to analyze, among other things, forcestructure, modernization plans, mil... |
train_12457 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Successive U.S. Administrations have viewed Morocco as an important regional ally, a partner in counterterrorism, and a free trade counterpart. Morocco receives substantial U.S. development aid, and bilateral trade and investment have increased following a 2006 Free Trade Agreement. Morocco also benefits from U.S. secu... | [
"Obama Administration officials have expressed strong support for the Moroccan monarchy, while also encouraging political reforms and occasionally voicing human rights concerns. U.S. bilateral aid assists Morocco with economic growth, basic education, democratization, military and police professionalization, and co... |
train_12458 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) functions are principal elements of U.S.defense capabilities, and include a wide variety of systems for acquiring and processing informationneeded by national security decisionmakers and military commanders. ISR systems range in sizefrom hand-held devices to orbiting... | [
"The various systems that collect, process, and disseminate intelligence are encompassed inthe budget category known as Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR (1) ). ISR covers a multitude ofprograms ranging from billion-dollar satellites to hand-held cameras. The bulk of funding is forresearch and dev... |
train_12459 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In the aftermath of the 2008-2009 financial crisis, Congress passed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (Dodd-Frank Act; P.L. 111-203), a wide-ranging package of regulatory reform legislation. Some provisions mandated new securities regulations that expanded required corporate disclosu... | [
"To help restore confidence in the securities markets after the stock market crash of 1929, Congress passed the Securities Act of 1933 (P.L. 73-22). The act sought to ensure that investors receive salient infor mation on securities offered for public sale and to ban fraud in the sale of securities. The act requires... |
train_12460 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Children depend on adults—usually their parents—to protect, support, and nurture them in their homes. The broadest mission of public child welfare agencies is to strengthen all families in ways that ensure children can depend on their parents to protect their safety, ensure they have a stable and permanent home, and en... | [
"The broadest mission of public child welfare agencies is to strengthen all families in ways that ensure children can depend on their parents to keep them safe, give them a stable and permanent home, and, overall, enhance their well-being. Under Title IV-B of the Social Security Act, the federal government provides... |
train_12461 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report examines seven studies that project the costs of H.R. 2454 to 2030 or beyond. It is difficult (and some would consider it unwise) to project costs up to the year 2030, much less beyond. The already tenuous assumption that current regulatory standards will remain constant becomes more unrealistic as time goe... | [
"As Congress continues the debate on an appropriate response to the climate change issue, multiple bills have been introduced that would require reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Of these, H.R. 2454 , (the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009) has received particular attention. Introduced by R... |
train_12462 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Controversies about open access publishing and archiving confront issues of copyright and governmental competition with the private sector. Traditional publishers typically charge readers subscriber fees to fund the costs of publishing and distributing hard-copy and/or online journals. In contrast, most open access sys... | [
"This report begins with an inventory of basic information: definitions and guides to histories of the growth of open access publishing and citation archives and descriptions of selected major open access activities. It moves on to summarize major points of difference between proponents and opponents of nongovernme... |
train_12463 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides an overview of global Foreign Direct Investment in the People's Republic of China, examines its effects on the Chinese economy, surveys U.S. FDI in China, and includes adiscussion of policy implications for the United States. China, by far, is the largest recipient of FDIamong emerging economies wi... | [
"China, as any other developing country, has needed foreign technology for its economicdevelopment. For the first two post-revolution decades, China remained suspicious of foreigncapital and hoped that by importing foreign capital goods and using reverse engineering it could meetits technological needs. Such a poli... |
train_12464 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Cuba is moving toward development of its offshore oil resources. While the country has proven oil reserves of just 0.1 billion barrels, the U.S. Geological Survey estimates that offshore reserves in the North Cuba Basin could contain an additional 4.6 billion barrels of undiscovered technically recoverable crude oil. T... | [
"Long dependent on oil imports, Cuba has invited foreign companies to explore for and produce petroleum in its north offshore region, which could hold 4.6 billion barrels of technically recoverable oil according to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) estimates. One of those companies, Spain-based Repsol, is expected to s... |
train_12465 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 1993, new laws and regulations pertaining to homosexuality and U.S. military service came into effect reflecting a compromise in policy. This compromise, colloquially referred to as "don't ask, don't tell," (DADT), holds that the presence in the armed forces of persons who demonstrate a propensity or intent to engag... | [
"On January 27, 2010, President Barack Obama stated his desire to work with Congress \"to finally repeal the law that denies gay Americans the right to serve the country they love because of who they are.\" The House Military Personnel Subcommittee, on March 3, 2010, and the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC), ... |
train_12466 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Recently invalidated aggregate limits on federal campaign contributions capped the total amount that one can give to all candidates, parties, or political action committees (PACs). For the 2014 election cycle, the aggregate limit for individual contributions was $123,200.The Supreme Court of the United States struck do... | [
"This report is intended to respond to Congress's ongoing interest in campaign finance policy following the Supreme Court's April 2014 McCutcheon decision. The report relies on a question-and-answer format designed to highlight key information in a brief and accessible way. This report offers a preliminary analysis... |
train_12467 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congressional interest in small business access to capital has increased in recent years because of concerns that small businesses might be prevented from accessing sufficient capital to enable them to start, continue, or expand operations and create jobs. Some have argued that the federal government should provide add... | [
"Congressional interest in small business access to capital has increased in recent years because of concerns that small businesses might be prevented from accessing sufficient capital to enable them to start, continue, or expand operations and create jobs. Some have argued that the federal government should provid... |
train_12468 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On December 3, 2015, the Senate passed an amendment to H.R. 3762. For information about the Senate amendment to H.R. 3762 and how it compares to the House-passed version of H.R. 3762, see CRS Report R44300, Provisions of the Senate Amendment to H.R. 3762, coordinated by [author name scrubbed]. This report will not be u... | [
"On October 23, 2015, the House passed a reconciliation bill containing provisions submitted by three committees—Ways and Means, Energy and Commerce, and Education and the Workforce—pursuant to reconciliation instructions included in the FY2016 budget resolution ( S.Con.Res. 11 ). The bill, the Restoring Americans'... |
train_12469 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148, as amended) requires health insurance exchanges to be established in every state. Exchanges are marketplaces in which consumers and small businesses can shop for and purchase private health insurance coverage. In general, states must have two types of e... | [
"The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148 , as amended) requires health insurance exchanges (also known as marketplaces ) to be established in every state. ACA exchanges are virtual marketplaces in which consumers and small businesses can shop for and purchase private health insurance cover... |
train_12470 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The massive Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011, caused extensive damage in northeastern Japan, including damage to the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power installation, which resulted in the release of radiation. Some have called this incident the biggest manmade release ever of radioactive material into the ... | [
"The massive Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011, caused extensive damage in northeastern Japan, including damage to the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power installation, which resulted in the release of radiation. Some have called this incident the biggest manmade release ever of radioactive material into... |
train_12471 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | It has long been the "declared policy of the Congress" that a "fair proportion" of federal contracts be awarded to small businesses. In support of this policy, Congress has enacted various statutes authorizing procuring agencies to conduct competitions in which only small businesses may compete, or to make noncompetiti... | [
"T his report provides an overview of set-asides for small businesses, key legal requirements governing agencies' use of set-asides, and recent litigation regarding agencies' use (or non-use) of set-asides when conducting particular procurements. The term \"set-aside\" is commonly used to refer to a competition in ... |
train_12472 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The War Crimes Act of 1996, as amended, makes it a criminal offense to commit certain violations of the law of war when such offenses are committed by or against U.S. nationals or Armed Service members. Among other things, the act prohibits certain violations of Common Article 3 of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, which se... | [
"The 1949 Geneva Conventions proscribe certain conduct by High Contracting Parties toward specified categories of vulnerable persons during armed conflict. High Contracting Parties are also required to provide effective penal sanctions against any person who commits (or orders the commission of) a \"grave breach\" ... |
train_12473 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Throughout the history of social assistance programs, administrators have attempted to limit access only to those families considered "worthy" of assistance. Policies about worthiness have included both judgments about need—generally tied to income, demographic characteristics, or family circumstances—and judgments abo... | [
"This report describes and compares the drug- and crime-related policy restrictions contained in selected federal programs that provide assistance to low-income individuals and families: the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly Foo... |
train_12474 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | When congressional committees engage in oversight of the administrative bureaucracy, or when Members of Congress intervene in agency proceedings on behalf of private constituents or other private entities with interests affecting the Members's constituency, such interventions involve varying degrees of intrusion into a... | [
"The inevitable tension between Congress and the Executive created by our constitutionally mandated system of separated but shared powers has been the source of continual interbranch conflict. One manifestation of this struggle occurs when congressional committees engage in oversight of the administrative bureaucra... |
train_12475 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States has entered into a number of Free Trade Agreements, or FTAs, with Australia, Chile, Singapore, and other trading partners. Negotiations are currently ongoing with respect to the establishment of additional FTAs. In keeping with a congressional directive established in the Bipartisan Trade Promotion Ac... | [
"Congressional interest in the intellectual property laws, including patents, copyrights, and trademarks, has been reflected in recent Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) to which the United States is a signatory. Congress stated in the Bipartisan Trade Promotion Act of 2002 that an overall negotiating objective of such a... |
train_12476 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The College Cost Reduction and Access Act of 2007 was enacted as P.L. 110-84 on September 27, 2007. P.L. 110-84 makes changes to programs authorized under the Higher Education Act of 1965 and, in so doing, achieves projected savings of $752 million in mandatory spending over the period covering FY2007 through FY2012 an... | [
"The House and Senate approved the conference report ( H.Rept. 110-153 ) on S.Con.Res. 21 , the Concurrent Resolution on the FY2008 Budget on May 17, 2007. The annual concurrent resolution sets forth the congressional budget. When the federal deficit is expected to be large, budget resolutions often require reducti... |
train_12477 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congressional interest in health-related issues has refocused attention on legislative efforts to provide both new as well as lower-cost pharmaceuticals for the marketplace. P.L. 98-417, the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 (commonly known as the Hatch-Waxman Act), made significant changes... | [
"Health-related issues before Congress have refocused attention on legislative efforts to provide both new as well as lower-cost pharmaceuticals for the marketplace. P.L. 98-417 , the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 (commonly known as the Hatch-Waxman Act), made several significant ch... |
train_12478 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Current law forbids the federal government from offering energy leases or from allowing activities leading to energy development in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR, or the Refuge) in northeastern Alaska. For several decades, a major energy debate has been whether to approve energy development in ANWR, and if ... | [
"The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR, or the Refuge) consists of 19 million acres in northeast Alaska. It is administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) in the Department of the Interior (DOI). Its 1.5 million acre Coastal Plain on the North Slope of the Brooks Range is viewed by industry as one of th... |
train_12479 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Prior to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, insurance covering terrorism losses was normally included in general insurance policies without additional cost to the policyholders. Following the attacks, both primary insurers and reinsurers pulled back from offering terrorism coverage. Because insurance is required... | [
"Prior to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, insurance covering terrorism losses was normally included in general insurance policies without a specific premium being paid for this coverage. The attacks, and the more than $30 billion in insured losses that resulted from them, caused a rethinking of the possib... |
train_12480 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Trump Administration has outlined a goal of promoting a Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP), seeking to articulate U.S. strategy towards an expanded Indo-Asia-Pacific region at a time when China's presence across the region is growing. The FOIP initiative is identified through a number of statements by the President ... | [
"President Donald Trump called for a \"Free and Open Indo-Pacific\" (FOIP) in his remarks to the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) CEO Summit in Da Nang, Vietnam, in November 2017. Congress has a substantial role in overseeing the FOIP initiative and setting resource levels for its policies. As it considers ... |
train_12481 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Aviation congestion and delay is an issue of long standing. Statistically, there was a significant increase in congestion and delay throughout the national aviation system in 2007. The situation has been especially noticeable at certain key airports, namely the New York region in general and John F. Kennedy Internation... | [
"Aviation congestion and delay is an issue of long standing. Statistically, there was a significant increase in congestion and delay throughout the national aviation system in 2007. The situation has been especially noticeable at certain key airports, namely the New York region in general and John F. Kennedy Intern... |
train_12482 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Until its expiration at the end of December 2013, the temporary Emergency Unemployment Compensation (EUC08) program provided additional federal unemployment insurance benefits to eligible individuals who had exhausted all available benefits from their state Unemployment Compensation (UC) programs. Congress created the ... | [
"Various benefits may be available to unemployed workers to provide income support. When eligible workers lose their jobs, the Unemployment Compensation (UC) program may provide up to 26 weeks of income support through the payment of regular UC benefits. Unemployment benefits may be extended for up to 13 or 20 week... |
train_12483 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The President signed the FY2006 Agriculture Appropriations Act (P.L. 109-97, H.R. 2744) into law on November 10, 2005. The act includes all of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (except the Forest Service), plus the Food and Drug Administration, and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. The $100.1 billion law is $1... | [
"After the FY2006 Agriculture Appropriations Act was signed into law (below), Congress enacted emergency supplemental appropriations for hurricane recovery and pandemic influenza (Division B of P.L. 109-148 , the FY2006 Defense Appropriations Act). Accounts in the agriculture appropriations bill receive $1.08 billi... |
train_12484 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress is currently considering reauthorizing the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). H.R. 1350, 108th Congress, was passed by the House on April 30, 2003. S. 1248was reported out of committee by a unanimous vote on June 25, 2003. On November 21, 2003, a unanimousconsent agreementproviding for floor c... | [
"RS21226 -- The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): Paperwork in Special Education Updated December 18, 2003 The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (1) both authorizes federal funding for special education and related services(for example, physical therapy) and, for states that accep... |
train_12485 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On January 12, 2010, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck Haiti. As of January 25, 2010, the death toll was estimated to exceed 150,000. The earthquake and resulting aftershocks affected approximately 3 million people and caused significant damage to buildings and infrastructure. The earthquake has left an estimated 1 mil... | [
"On January 12, 2010, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck Haiti. As of January 25, 2010, the death toll was estimated to exceed 150,000. The earthquake and resulting aftershocks affected approximately 3 million people and caused significant damage to buildings and infrastructure. The earthquake has left an estimated ... |
train_12486 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Determining how many people have a mental illness can be difficult, and prevalence estimates vary. While numerous surveys include questions related to mental illness, few provide prevalence estimates of diagnosable mental illness (e.g., major depressive disorder as opposed to feeling depressed, or generalized anxiety d... | [
"Congress has demonstrated an interest in mental health and mental illness, and knowing how many people have a mental illness may be helpful in addressing related policy issues. Determining how many people have a mental illness can be difficult, and prevalence estimates vary. While numerous surveys include question... |
train_12487 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The legislative branch appropriations bill provides funding for the Senate; House of Representatives; Joint Items; Capitol Police; Office of Compliance; Congressional Budget Office; Architect of the Capitol; Library of Congress, including the Congressional Research Service; Government Printing Office; Government Accoun... | [
"Although the House passed and the Senate Appropriations Committee reported a separate legislative branch appropriations bill ( H.R. 2551 ), no further action was taken before the beginning of FY2012. From October 1, 2011, until December 23, 2011, the legislative branch operated on a series of continuing appropriat... |
train_12488 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The world is experiencing a shortage of helium-3, a rare isotope of helium with applications in homeland security, national security, medicine, industry, and science. For many years the supply of helium-3 from the nuclear weapons program outstripped the demand for helium-3. The demand was small enough that a substantia... | [
"The world is experiencing a shortage of helium-3, a rare isotope of helium with applications in homeland security, national security, medicine, industry, and science. Federal officials have testified that the shortage is acute and, unless alternatives are found, will affect federal investments in homeland security... |
train_12489 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Stop Loss is a frequently misunderstood DOD force management program that retains servicemembers beyond their contractually agreed-to separation date. Because of the involuntary nature of this extension, some critics have referred to the program as a "backdoor draft" or "involuntary servitude". Stop Loss was initially ... | [
"Stop Loss is a frequently misunderstood DOD force management program that retains servicemembers beyond their contractually agreed-to separation date. Because of the involuntary nature of this extension, some critics have referred to the program as a \"backdoor draft\" or \"involuntary servitude\". Stop Loss was i... |
train_12490 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Many municipalities, student loan providers, and other debt issuers borrowed funds using auction-rate securities (ARSs), whose interest rates are set periodically by auctions. ARSs combine features of short- and long-term securities. ARSs are typically long-maturity bonds with interest rates linked to short-term money ... | [
"Auction-rate securities (ARSs) coupled long-term maturity borrowing with interest rates linked to short-term money markets by periodic auctions, and thus combine features of short- and long-term securities. Most ARSs are long-term bonds, although some auction-rate securities are structured as preferred shares and ... |
train_12491 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In what the Army describes as the "most significant Army restructuring in the past 50 years," it is redesigning its current active duty division force to a 48 brigade combat team (BCT) force. The Army National Guard and Army Reserves will also redesign their forces in a similar fashion. The planned addition of active d... | [
"The United States Army is involved in a total organizational redesign of its combat and support units to better meet current and future operational requirements. This redesign effort, as well as associated rebalancing, stabilization, and cyclical readiness initiatives are deemed important by proponents as they are... |
train_12492 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On February 14, 2005, President Bush submitted an $81.9 billion supplemental appropriation request for FY2005 (subsequently amended to total $82.04 billion) to provide funds for ongoing military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, the "global war on terror," reconstruction in Afghanistan, Tsunami relief and rehabilitat... | [
"On May 3, House-Senate conferees concluded negotiations on H.R. 1268 , the emergency FY2005 supplemental appropriation, agreeing to an $82 billion total. The House passed the conference agreement on May 5 (368-58), followed by the Senate on May 10 (100-0). President Bush signed the bill ( P.L. 109 - 13 ) on May 11... |
train_12493 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Funds for the judicial branch are included annually in the Financial Services and General Government (FSGG) Appropriations bill. The bill provides funding for the Supreme Court; the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit; the U.S. Court of International Trade; the U.S. Courts of Appeals and District Courts; Defe... | [
"The first section of this report provides an overview of the consideration of FY2016 judiciary appropriations, with subsections covering each major action, including the initial submission of the request on February 2, 2015; hearings held by the House and Senate Financial Services Subcommittees; the House subcommi... |
train_12494 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The second session of the 114th Congress has considered whether and how to provide funds to control the spread of the Zika virus throughout the Americas. Zika infection, which is primarily spread by Aedes mosquitoes and sexual contact, has been linked to birth defects and other health concerns. Local transmission of th... | [
"In its second session, the 114 th Congress has considered whether and how to provide funds to control the spread of the Zika virus throughout the Americas. Zika infection, primarily spread by Aedes mosquitoes and sexual contact, has been linked to severe birth defects and other health concerns. Local transmission ... |
train_12495 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Hydraulic fracturing is a technique used to recover oil and natural gas from underground low permeability rock formations, such as shales and other unconventional formations. Its use along with horizontal drilling has been responsible for an increase in estimated U.S. oil and natural gas reserves. Hydraulic fracturing ... | [
"Hydraulic fracturing is a technique used to recover oil and natural gas from underground low permeability rock formations. Hydraulic fracturing involves pumping fluids (primarily water and a small portion of chemicals, along with sand or other proppant) under high pressure into rock formations to crack them and al... |
train_12496 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since the collapse of Enron Corp. in late 2001, there has been a series of scandals involvingmajor U.S. corporations. This report lists civil suits filed by federal regulatory agencies chargingindividuals and corporations with violations related to these scandals. The list is limited tocorporations and their officers o... | [
"The collapse of Enron Corp. in late 2001 marked the beginning of a long series of scandalsinvolving major U.S. corporations. This report lists civil suits filed by federal regulatory agenciescharging individuals and corporations with violations related to these scandals. The list is limitedto companies and their o... |
train_12497 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Thailand has been destabilized by years of political turmoil since a military coup deposed Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra in September 2006. Mass demonstrations on both sides of the political divide have disrupted tourism and business in the kingdom, and twice forced the postponement of an international Asian leader... | [
"Long considered one of the key U.S. partners in Southeast Asia, Thailand has made international headlines for ongoing demonstrations and precipitous changes in government over the past three years. Democracy advocates argue that the revolving door of leadership in Bangkok does not indicate legitimate transfers of ... |
train_12498 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The U.S. Department of Energy operates four regional power marketing administrations (PMAs)—the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), the Southeastern Power Administration (SEPA), the Southwestern Power Administration (SWPA), and the Western Area Power Administration (WAPA). These agencies all operate on the principle... | [
"The federal government, through the Department of Energy, operates four regional power marketing administrations (PMAs), created by statute, the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), the Southeastern Power Administration (SEPA), the Southwestern Power Administration (SWPA), and the Western Area Power Administrati... |
train_12499 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On March 26, 2013, President Obama signed into law the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013 (P.L. 113-6). The act provides a total of $60.638 billion for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS). After rescissions and sequestration, the act provided a total of $57.936 billion for C... | [
"This report tracks and provides an overview of actions taken by the Administration and Congress to provide FY2014 appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. It also provides an overview of enacted FY2013 appropriations for agencies and bureaus funded as a part of the annual... |
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