"""Index a STEP-derived wheel tooth past a radial pawl in both directions.""" import argparse import hashlib import json import math import subprocess import sys from pathlib import Path ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parent def measure(step: Path, setup: dict) -> dict: import cadquery as cq from OCP.BRepGProp import BRepGProp from OCP.GProp import GProp_GProps shape = cq.importers.importStep(str(step)).val() if shape.ShapeType() != "Solid" or not shape.isValid() or len(shape.Solids()) != 1: raise ValueError(f"Expected one valid solid: {step}") props = GProp_GProps() BRepGProp.VolumeProperties_s(shape.wrapped, props) if props.Mass() <= 0: raise ValueError("Wheel volume must be positive") bounds = shape.BoundingBox() inertia = props.MatrixOfInertia() density = setup["material_density_kg_m3"] disk = cq.Solid.makeCylinder(100, 20, cq.Vector(0, 0, -10)) bore = cq.Solid.makeCylinder(10, 20, cq.Vector(0, 0, -10)) envelope = cq.Solid.makeCylinder(130, 20, cq.Vector(0, 0, -10)) tooth_vertices = [[v.X, v.Y, v.Z] for v in shape.Vertices() if v.Y >= 94 and abs(v.X) <= 80] if len(tooth_vertices) < 8: raise ValueError("Wheel needs a STEP-resolved indexing tooth") tip = max(tooth_vertices, key=lambda v: v[0] ** 2 + v[1] ** 2) if math.hypot(tip[0], tip[1]) < 110: raise ValueError("Indexing tooth must extend beyond the base disk") return { "step_sha256": hashlib.sha256(step.read_bytes()).hexdigest(), "volume_mm3": props.Mass(), "mass_kg": props.Mass() * density * 1e-9, "center_of_mass_mm": list(props.CentreOfMass().Coord()), "inertia_tensor_kg_m2": [ [inertia.Value(i, j) * density * 1e-15 for j in (1, 2, 3)] for i in (1, 2, 3) ], "bounds_mm": [bounds.xmin, bounds.xmax, bounds.ymin, bounds.ymax, bounds.zmin, bounds.zmax], "external_added_mm3": shape.cut(envelope).Volume(), "base_missing_mm3": disk.cut(bore).cut(shape).Volume(), "bore_intrusion_mm3": shape.intersect(bore).Volume(), "tip_angle_rad": math.atan2(tip[1], tip[0]), "tooth_collision_vertices_mm": tooth_vertices, } def dynamics(properties: dict, setup: dict) -> dict: import pychrono as ch ch.ChCollisionModel.SetDefaultSuggestedEnvelope(1e-5) ch.ChCollisionModel.SetDefaultSuggestedMargin(1e-5) material = ch.ChContactMaterialNSC() material.SetFriction(setup["contact_friction"]) center = [value / 1000 for value in properties["center_of_mass_mm"]] dt = setup["time_step_s"] steps = round(setup["duration_s"] / dt) if dt <= 0 or abs(steps * dt - setup["duration_s"]) > 1e-12: raise ValueError("Invalid simulation duration or time step") results = {} for direction, name in ((1, "forward"), (-1, "reverse")): system = ch.ChSystemNSC() system.SetCollisionSystemType(ch.ChCollisionSystem.Type_BULLET) system.SetGravitationalAcceleration(ch.ChVector3d(0, 0, 0)) ground = ch.ChBody() ground.SetFixed(True) system.Add(ground) wheel = ch.ChBody() wheel.SetMass(properties["mass_kg"]) inertia = ch.ChMatrix33d() inertia.SetMatr(properties["inertia_tensor_kg_m2"]) wheel.SetInertia(inertia) angle = (math.pi / 2 - direction * setup["initial_tip_gap_rad"] - properties["tip_angle_rad"]) wheel.SetRot(ch.QuatFromAngleAxis(angle, ch.VECT_Z)) wheel.SetPos(ch.ChVector3d( center[0] * math.cos(angle) - center[1] * math.sin(angle), center[0] * math.sin(angle) + center[1] * math.cos(angle), center[2])) base_points = ch.vector_ChVector3d() for i in range(64): theta = 2 * math.pi * i / 64 for z in (-0.01, 0.01): base_points.push_back(ch.ChVector3d( 0.1 * math.cos(theta) - center[0], 0.1 * math.sin(theta) - center[1], z - center[2])) tooth_points = ch.vector_ChVector3d() for x, y, z in properties["tooth_collision_vertices_mm"]: tooth_points.push_back(ch.ChVector3d( x / 1000 - center[0], y / 1000 - center[1], z / 1000 - center[2])) wheel.AddCollisionShape(ch.ChCollisionShapeConvexHull(material, base_points)) wheel.AddCollisionShape(ch.ChCollisionShapeConvexHull(material, tooth_points)) wheel.EnableCollision(True) system.Add(wheel) hinge = ch.ChLinkLockRevolute() hinge.Initialize(wheel, ground, ch.ChFramed(ch.ChVector3d(0, 0, 0))) system.Add(hinge) radius = setup["pawl_radius_m"] reference_y = setup["pawl_reference_y_m"] pawl = ch.ChBodyEasySphere(radius, setup["pawl_density_kg_m3"], False, True, material) pawl.SetPos(ch.ChVector3d(0, reference_y, 0)) system.Add(pawl) guide = ch.ChLinkLockPrismatic() guide.Initialize(pawl, ground, ch.ChFramed( ch.ChVector3d(0, reference_y, 0), ch.QuatFromAngleAxis(-math.pi / 2, ch.VECT_X))) system.Add(guide) spring = ch.ChForce() pawl.AddForce(spring) spring.SetMode(ch.ChForce.FORCE) spring.SetDir(ch.ChVector3d(0, 1, 0)) drive = ch.ChForce() wheel.AddForce(drive) drive.SetMode(ch.ChForce.TORQUE) drive.SetDir(ch.ChVector3d(0, 0, 1)) drive.SetMforce(direction * setup["wheel_drive_torque_N_m"]) damping = ch.ChForce() wheel.AddForce(damping) damping.SetMode(ch.ChForce.TORQUE) damping.SetDir(ch.ChVector3d(0, 0, 1)) rotation = 0.0 peak_pawl_y = reference_y for _ in range(steps): spring.SetMforce(-setup["pawl_preload_N"] - setup["pawl_spring_stiffness_N_m"] * (pawl.GetPos().y - reference_y)) damping.SetMforce(-setup["wheel_viscous_damping_N_m_s_rad"] * wheel.GetAngVelParent().z) system.DoStepDynamics(dt) rotation += wheel.GetAngVelParent().z * dt peak_pawl_y = max(peak_pawl_y, pawl.GetPos().y) if not math.isfinite(rotation + peak_pawl_y): raise ValueError("Nonfinite ratchet trajectory") results[name] = {"rotation_rad": rotation, "peak_pawl_y_m": peak_pawl_y} return results def invoke(python: str, phase: str, payload: dict) -> dict: run = subprocess.run( [python, str(Path(__file__).resolve()), "--phase", phase], input=json.dumps(payload), text=True, capture_output=True, check=False, ) if run.returncode: raise RuntimeError(f"{phase} failed:\n{run.stderr[-1600:]}") return json.loads(run.stdout) def main() -> None: parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument("--cad-python", default=sys.executable) parser.add_argument("--physics-python", default=sys.executable) parser.add_argument("--phase", choices=("measure", "dynamics")) args = parser.parse_args() if args.phase: payload = json.load(sys.stdin) result = (measure(Path(payload["step"]), payload["setup"]) if args.phase == "measure" else dynamics(payload["properties"], payload["setup"])) print(json.dumps(result)) return setup = json.loads((ROOT / "setup.json").read_text()) results = {} for name in ("before", "after"): properties = invoke(args.cad_python, "measure", { "step": str(ROOT / f"{name}.step"), "setup": setup, }) results[name] = { "step_properties": properties, "simulation_result": invoke(args.physics_python, "dynamics", { "properties": properties, "setup": setup, }), } before = results["before"] after = results["after"] bp = before["step_properties"] ap = after["step_properties"] bs = before["simulation_result"] gs = after["simulation_result"] checks = { "baseline_stalls_forward": abs(bs["forward"]["rotation_rad"]) <= setup["maximum_baseline_forward_rotation_rad"], "indexes_forward": gs["forward"]["rotation_rad"] >= setup["minimum_forward_rotation_rad"], "holds_reverse": abs(gs["reverse"]["rotation_rad"]) <= setup["maximum_reverse_rotation_rad"], "pawl_contact_observed": gs["forward"]["peak_pawl_y_m"] >= setup["minimum_pawl_lift_y_m"], "mass_fixed": abs(ap["mass_kg"] / bp["mass_kg"] - 1) <= setup["maximum_relative_mass_change"], "envelope_fixed": all(abs(a - b) <= setup["maximum_envelope_change_mm"] for a, b in zip(ap["bounds_mm"], bp["bounds_mm"])), "outer_radius_limited": ap["external_added_mm3"] <= setup["maximum_external_added_mm3"], "base_disk_intact": ap["base_missing_mm3"] <= setup["maximum_base_missing_mm3"], "shaft_bore_clear": ap["bore_intrusion_mm3"] <= setup["maximum_bore_intrusion_mm3"], } after["comparison_to_before"] = {"checks": checks, "passed": all(checks.values())} for name, result in results.items(): (ROOT / f"{name}.results.json").write_text(json.dumps(result, indent=2) + "\n") print(f"Forward rotation: {bs['forward']['rotation_rad']} -> " f"{gs['forward']['rotation_rad']} rad") print(f"Reverse rotation: {gs['reverse']['rotation_rad']} rad") print(f"Task passed: {after['comparison_to_before']['passed']}") if not after["comparison_to_before"]["passed"]: raise SystemExit(1) if __name__ == "__main__": main()